Kidney. Medical search

Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.

Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.

The transference of a kidney from one human or animal to another.

Long convoluted tubules in the nephrons. They collect filtrate from blood passing through the KIDNEY GLOMERULUS and process this filtrate into URINE. Each renal tubule consists of a BOWMAN CAPSULE; PROXIMAL KIDNEY TUBULE; LOOP OF HENLE; DISTAL KIDNEY TUBULE; and KIDNEY COLLECTING DUCT leading to the central cavity of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS) that connects to the URETER.

The outer zone of the KIDNEY, beneath the capsule, consisting of KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; KIDNEY TUBULES, DISTAL; and KIDNEY TUBULES, PROXIMAL.

Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions.

The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.

Hereditary diseases that are characterized by the progressive expansion of a large number of tightly packed CYSTS within the KIDNEYS. They include diseases with autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive inheritance.

A cluster of convoluted capillaries beginning at each nephric tubule in the kidney and held together by connective tissue.

Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.

The renal tubule portion that extends from the BOWMAN CAPSULE in the KIDNEY CORTEX into the KIDNEY MEDULLA. The proximal tubule consists of a convoluted proximal segment in the cortex, and a distal straight segment descending into the medulla where it forms the U-shaped LOOP OF HENLE.

Laboratory tests used to evaluate how well the kidneys are working through examination of blood and urine.

The internal portion of the kidney, consisting of striated conical masses, the renal pyramids, whose bases are adjacent to the cortex and whose apices form prominent papillae projecting into the lumen of the minor calyces.

Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE.

Straight tubes commencing in the radiate part of the kidney cortex where they receive the curved ends of the distal convoluted tubules. In the medulla the collecting tubules of each pyramid converge to join a central tube (duct of Bellini) which opens on the summit of the papilla.

Kidney disorders with autosomal dominant inheritance and characterized by multiple CYSTS in both KIDNEYS with progressive deterioration of renal function.

The volume of water filtered out of plasma through glomerular capillary walls into Bowman's capsules per unit of time. It is considered to be equivalent to INULIN clearance.

A heterogeneous group of hereditary and acquired disorders in which the KIDNEY contains one or more CYSTS unilaterally or bilaterally (KIDNEY, CYSTIC).

The ability of the kidney to excrete in the urine high concentrations of solutes from the blood plasma.

The portion of renal tubule that begins from the enlarged segment of the ascending limb of the LOOP OF HENLE. It reenters the KIDNEY CORTEX and forms the convoluted segments of the distal tubule.

Excision of kidney.

The functional units of the kidney, consisting of the glomerulus and the attached tubule.

Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios.

Acute kidney failure resulting from destruction of EPITHELIAL CELLS of the KIDNEY TUBULES. It is commonly attributed to exposure to toxic agents or renal ISCHEMIA following severe TRAUMA.

One of a pair of thick-walled tubes that transports urine from the KIDNEY PELVIS to the URINARY BLADDER.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.

The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

A nongenetic defect due to malformation of the KIDNEY which appears as a bunch of grapes with multiple renal cysts but lacking the normal renal bean shape, and the collection drainage system. This condition can be detected in-utero with ULTRASONOGRAPHY.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

The survival of a graft in a host, the factors responsible for the survival and the changes occurring within the graft during growth in the host.

A genetic disorder with autosomal recessive inheritance, characterized by multiple CYSTS in both KIDNEYS and associated LIVER lesions. Serious manifestations are usually present at BIRTH with high PERINATAL MORTALITY.

Individuals supplying living tissue, organs, cells, blood or blood components for transfer or transplantation to histocompatible recipients.

An immune response with both cellular and humoral components, directed against an allogeneic transplant, whose tissue antigens are not compatible with those of the recipient.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Devices which can substitute for normally functioning KIDNEYS in removing components from the blood by DIALYSIS that are normally eliminated in the URINE.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

Blockage in any part of the URETER causing obstruction of urine flow from the kidney to the URINARY BLADDER. The obstruction may be congenital, acquired, unilateral, bilateral, complete, partial, acute, or chronic. Depending on the degree and duration of the obstruction, clinical features vary greatly such as HYDRONEPHROSIS and obstructive nephropathy.

A subgroup of TRP cation channels that are widely expressed in various cell types. Defects are associated with POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASES.

The circulation of the BLOOD through the vessels of the KIDNEY.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Non-cadaveric providers of organs for transplant to related or non-related recipients.

KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE.

Characteristic restricted to a particular organ of the body, such as a cell type, metabolic response or expression of a particular protein or antigen.

Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care. (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

Abnormal enlargement or swelling of a KIDNEY due to dilation of the KIDNEY CALICES and the KIDNEY PELVIS. It is often associated with obstruction of the URETER or chronic kidney diseases that prevents normal drainage of urine into the URINARY BLADDER.

A branch of the abdominal aorta which supplies the kidneys, adrenal glands and ureters.

Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in ischemic tissues resulting from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION), including swelling; HEMORRHAGE; NECROSIS; and damage from FREE RADICALS. The most common instance is MYOCARDIAL REPERFUSION INJURY.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

The administrative procedures involved with acquiring TISSUES or organs for TRANSPLANTATION through various programs, systems, or organizations. These procedures include obtaining consent from TISSUE DONORS and arranging for transportation of donated tissues and organs, after TISSUE HARVESTING, to HOSPITALS for processing and transplantation.

Agents that suppress immune function by one of several mechanisms of action. Classical cytotoxic immunosuppressants act by inhibiting DNA synthesis. Others may act through activation of T-CELLS or by inhibiting the activation of HELPER CELLS. While immunosuppression has been brought about in the past primarily to prevent rejection of transplanted organs, new applications involving mediation of the effects of INTERLEUKINS and other CYTOKINES are emerging.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

Inflammation of any part of the KIDNEY.

Therapy for the insufficient cleansing of the BLOOD by the kidneys based on dialysis and including hemodialysis, PERITONEAL DIALYSIS, and HEMODIAFILTRATION.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

The presence of albumin in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

A dead body, usually a human body.

A subspecialty of internal medicine concerned with the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the kidney.

The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.

Highly differentiated epithelial cells of the visceral layer of BOWMAN CAPSULE of the KIDNEY. They are composed of a cell body with major CELL SURFACE EXTENSIONS and secondary fingerlike extensions called pedicels. They enwrap the KIDNEY GLOMERULUS capillaries with their cell surface extensions forming a filtration structure. The pedicels of neighboring podocytes interdigitate with each other leaving between them filtration slits that are bridged by an extracellular structure impermeable to large macromolecules called the slit diaphragm, and provide the last barrier to protein loss in the KIDNEY.

Death of cells in the KIDNEY CORTEX, a common final result of various renal injuries including HYPOXIA; ISCHEMIA; and drug toxicity.

General dysfunction of an organ occurring immediately following its transplantation. The term most frequently refers to renal dysfunction following KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.

The urea concentration of the blood stated in terms of nitrogen content. Serum (plasma) urea nitrogen is approximately 12% higher than blood urea nitrogen concentration because of the greater protein content of red blood cells. Increases in blood or serum urea nitrogen are referred to as azotemia and may have prerenal, renal, or postrenal causes. (From Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984)

Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.

The transference of a pancreas from one human or animal to another.

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

An extracellular cystatin subtype that is abundantly expressed in bodily fluids. It may play a role in the inhibition of interstitial CYSTEINE PROTEASES.

Inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the kidney. This term is generally used for primary inflammation of KIDNEY TUBULES and/or surrounding interstitium. For primary inflammation of glomerular interstitium, see GLOMERULONEPHRITIS. Infiltration of the inflammatory cells into the interstitial compartment results in EDEMA, increased spaces between the tubules, and tubular renal dysfunction.

A highly specific (Leu-Leu) endopeptidase that generates ANGIOTENSIN I from its precursor ANGIOTENSINOGEN, leading to a cascade of reactions which elevate BLOOD PRESSURE and increase sodium retention by the kidney in the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM. The enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.99.19.

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

Inflammation of the renal glomeruli (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS) that can be classified by the type of glomerular injuries including antibody deposition, complement activation, cellular proliferation, and glomerulosclerosis. These structural and functional abnormalities usually lead to HEMATURIA; PROTEINURIA; HYPERTENSION; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

A glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol (GPI) - anchored membrane protein found on the thick ascending limb of the LOOP OF HENLE. The cleaved form of the protein is found abundantly in URINE.

Persistent high BLOOD PRESSURE due to KIDNEY DISEASES, such as those involving the renal parenchyma, the renal vasculature, or tumors that secrete RENIN.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.

The process by which organs are kept viable outside of the organism from which they were removed (i.e., kept from decay by means of a chemical agent, cooling, or a fluid substitute that mimics the natural state within the organism).

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

A clinicopathological syndrome or diagnostic term for a type of glomerular injury that has multiple causes, primary or secondary. Clinical features include PROTEINURIA, reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE, and EDEMA. Kidney biopsy initially indicates focal segmental glomerular consolidation (hyalinosis) or scarring which can progress to globally sclerotic glomeruli leading to eventual KIDNEY FAILURE.

The worsening of a disease over time. This concept is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases where the stage of the disease is an important determinant of therapy and prognosis.

New World marsupials of the family Didelphidae. Opossums are omnivorous, largely nocturnal and arboreal MAMMALS, grow to about three feet in length, including the scaly prehensile tail, and have an abdominal pouch in which the young are carried at birth.

A member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23.

Recesses of the kidney pelvis which divides into two wide, cup-shaped major renal calices, with each major calix subdivided into 7 to 14 minor calices. Urine empties into a minor calix from collecting tubules, then passes through the major calix, renal pelvis, and ureter to enter the urinary bladder. (From Moore, Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 3d ed, p211)

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

Graphic tracing over a time period of radioactivity measured externally over the kidneys following intravenous injection of a radionuclide which is taken up and excreted by the kidneys.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

Procedures which temporarily or permanently remedy insufficient cleansing of body fluids by the kidneys.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells (sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma.

Hypertension due to RENAL ARTERY OBSTRUCTION or compression.

Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.

Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesized from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. cDNA (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not C-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

Aquaporin 2 is a water-specific channel protein that is expressed in KIDNEY COLLECTING DUCTS. The translocation of aquaporin 2 to the apical PLASMA MEMBRANE is regulated by VASOPRESSIN, and MUTATIONS in AQP2 have been implicated in a variety of kidney disorders including DIABETES INSIPIDUS.

A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION.

Inflammation of the KIDNEY involving the renal parenchyma (the NEPHRONS); KIDNEY PELVIS; and KIDNEY CALICES. It is characterized by ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; NAUSEA; VOMITING; and occasionally DIARRHEA.

Transplantation between individuals of the same species. Usually refers to genetically disparate individuals in contradistinction to isogeneic transplantation for genetically identical individuals.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.

An enzyme that catalyzes the active transport system of sodium and potassium ions across the cell wall. Sodium and potassium ions are closely coupled with membrane ATPase which undergoes phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, thereby providing energy for transport of these ions against concentration gradients.

One or more layers of EPITHELIAL CELLS, supported by the basal lamina, which covers the inner or outer surfaces of the body.

The U-shaped portion of the renal tubule in the KIDNEY MEDULLA, consisting of a descending limb and an ascending limb. It is situated between the PROXIMAL KIDNEY TUBULE and the DISTAL KIDNEY TUBULE.

A technique that localizes specific nucleic acid sequences within intact chromosomes, eukaryotic cells, or bacterial cells through the use of specific nucleic acid-labeled probes.

Narrowing or occlusion of the RENAL ARTERY or arteries. It is due usually to ATHEROSCLEROSIS; FIBROMUSCULAR DYSPLASIA; THROMBOSIS; EMBOLISM, or external pressure. The reduced renal perfusion can lead to renovascular hypertension (HYPERTENSION, RENOVASCULAR).

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

Removal and pathologic examination of specimens in the form of small pieces of tissue from the living body.

A paired box transcription factor that is essential for ORGANOGENESIS of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM and KIDNEY.

Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.

Minute projections of cell membranes which greatly increase the surface area of the cell.

Treatment process involving the injection of fluid into an organ or tissue.

A BLOOD PRESSURE regulating system of interacting components that include RENIN; ANGIOTENSINOGEN; ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME; ANGIOTENSIN I; ANGIOTENSIN II; and angiotensinase. Renin, an enzyme produced in the kidney, acts on angiotensinogen, an alpha-2 globulin produced by the liver, forming ANGIOTENSIN I. Angiotensin-converting enzyme, contained in the lung, acts on angiotensin I in the plasma converting it to ANGIOTENSIN II, an extremely powerful vasoconstrictor. Angiotensin II causes contraction of the arteriolar and renal VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE, leading to retention of salt and water in the KIDNEY and increased arterial blood pressure. In addition, angiotensin II stimulates the release of ALDOSTERONE from the ADRENAL CORTEX, which in turn also increases salt and water retention in the kidney. Angiotensin-converting enzyme also breaks down BRADYKININ, a powerful vasodilator and component of the KALLIKREIN-KININ SYSTEM.

An increase in the excretion of URINE. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

The procedure established to evaluate the health status and risk factors of the potential DONORS of biological materials. Donors are selected based on the principles that their health will not be compromised in the process, and the donated materials, such as TISSUES or organs, are safe for reuse in the recipients.

The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed).

The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

Liquid by-product of excretion produced in the kidneys, temporarily stored in the bladder until discharge through the URETHRA.

The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.

Any fluid-filled closed cavity or sac that is lined by an EPITHELIUM. Cysts can be of normal, abnormal, non-neoplastic, or neoplastic tissues.

An octapeptide that is a potent but labile vasoconstrictor. It is produced from angiotensin I after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME. The amino acid in position 5 varies in different species. To block VASOCONSTRICTION and HYPERTENSION effect of angiotensin II, patients are often treated with ACE INHIBITORS or with ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKERS.

A polypeptide hormone (84 amino acid residues) secreted by the PARATHYROID GLANDS which performs the essential role of maintaining intracellular CALCIUM levels in the body. Parathyroid hormone increases intracellular calcium by promoting the release of CALCIUM from BONE, increases the intestinal absorption of calcium, increases the renal tubular reabsorption of calcium, and increases the renal excretion of phosphates.

Diabetes mellitus induced experimentally by administration of various diabetogenic agents or by PANCREATECTOMY.

Detection of RNA that has been electrophoretically separated and immobilized by blotting on nitrocellulose or other type of paper or nylon membrane followed by hybridization with labeled NUCLEIC ACID PROBES.

Artifactual vesicles formed from the endoplasmic reticulum when cells are disrupted. They are isolated by differential centrifugation and are composed of three structural features: rough vesicles, smooth vesicles, and ribosomes. Numerous enzyme activities are associated with the microsomal fraction. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990; from Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)

A complex of cells consisting of juxtaglomerular cells, extraglomerular mesangium lacis cells, the macula densa of the distal convoluted tubule, and granular epithelial peripolar cells. Juxtaglomerular cells are modified SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS found in the walls of afferent glomerular arterioles and sometimes the efferent arterioles. Extraglomerular mesangium lacis cells are located in the angle between the afferent and efferent glomerular arterioles. Granular epithelial peripolar cells are located at the angle of reflection of the parietal to visceral angle of the renal corpuscle.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

An epithelial cell line derived from a kidney of a normal adult female dog.

Hardening of the KIDNEY due to infiltration by fibrous connective tissue (FIBROSIS), usually caused by renovascular diseases or chronic HYPERTENSION. Nephrosclerosis leads to renal ISCHEMIA.

The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)

A non-hereditary KIDNEY disorder characterized by the abnormally dilated (ECTASIA) medullary and inner papillary portions of the collecting ducts. These collecting ducts usually contain CYSTS or DIVERTICULA filled with jelly-like material or small calculi (KIDNEY STONES) leading to infections or obstruction. It should be distinguished from congenital or hereditary POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASES.

Prospective patient listings for appointments or treatments.

Renal syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients characterized by nephrotic syndrome, severe proteinuria, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis with distinctive tubular and interstitial changes, enlarged kidneys, and peculiar tubuloreticular structures. The syndrome is distinct from heroin-associated nephropathy as well as other forms of kidney disease seen in HIV-infected patients.

A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS.

Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid.

The duct which coveys URINE from the pelvis of the KIDNEY through the URETERS, BLADDER, and URETHRA.

Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.

Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro.

A suborder of PRIMATES consisting of six families: CEBIDAE (some New World monkeys), ATELIDAE (some New World monkeys), CERCOPITHECIDAE (Old World monkeys), HYLOBATIDAE (gibbons and siamangs), CALLITRICHINAE (marmosets and tamarins), and HOMINIDAE (humans and great apes).

A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).

A malignant kidney tumor, caused by the uncontrolled multiplication of renal stem (blastemal), stromal (STROMAL CELLS), and epithelial (EPITHELIAL CELLS) elements. However, not all three are present in every case. Several genes or chromosomal areas have been associated with Wilms tumor which is usually found in childhood as a firm lump in a child's side or ABDOMEN.

Aquaporin 6 is an aquaglyceroporin that is found primarily in KIDNEY COLLECTING DUCTS. AQP6 protein functions as an anion-selective channel.

Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.

The balance of fluid in the BODY FLUID COMPARTMENTS; total BODY WATER; BLOOD VOLUME; EXTRACELLULAR SPACE; INTRACELLULAR SPACE, maintained by processes in the body that regulate the intake and excretion of WATER and ELECTROLYTES, particularly SODIUM and POTASSIUM.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

A technetium diagnostic aid used in renal function determination.

Proteins that are secreted into the blood in increased or decreased quantities by hepatocytes in response to trauma, inflammation, or disease. These proteins can serve as inhibitors or mediators of the inflammatory processes. Certain acute-phase proteins have been used to diagnose and follow the course of diseases or as tumor markers.

The calcium salt of oxalic acid, occurring in the urine as crystals and in certain calculi.

Glomerulonephritis associated with autoimmune disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Lupus nephritis is histologically classified into 6 classes: class I - normal glomeruli, class II - pure mesangial alterations, class III - focal segmental glomerulonephritis, class IV - diffuse glomerulonephritis, class V - diffuse membranous glomerulonephritis, and class VI - advanced sclerosing glomerulonephritis (The World Health Organization classification 1982).

A class of porins that allow the passage of WATER and other small molecules across CELL MEMBRANES.

A clinical syndrome associated with the retention of renal waste products or uremic toxins in the blood. It is usually the result of RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. Most uremic toxins are end products of protein or nitrogen CATABOLISM, such as UREA or CREATININE. Severe uremia can lead to multiple organ dysfunctions with a constellation of symptoms.

Examination of urine by chemical, physical, or microscopic means. Routine urinalysis usually includes performing chemical screening tests, determining specific gravity, observing any unusual color or odor, screening for bacteriuria, and examining the sediment microscopically.

Structurally related forms of an enzyme. Each isoenzyme has the same mechanism and classification, but differs in its chemical, physical, or immunological characteristics.

Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.

Formation of stones in the KIDNEY.

A compound formed in the liver from ammonia produced by the deamination of amino acids. It is the principal end product of protein catabolism and constitutes about one half of the total urinary solids.

A disturbance in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in favor of the former, leading to potential damage. Indicators of oxidative stress include damaged DNA bases, protein oxidation products, and lipid peroxidation products (Sies, Oxidative Stress, 1991, pxv-xvi).

The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

An antibiotic substance derived from Penicillium stoloniferum, and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase. Mycophenolic acid is important because of its selective effects on the immune system. It prevents the proliferation of T-cells, lymphocytes, and the formation of antibodies from B-cells. It also may inhibit recruitment of leukocytes to inflammatory sites. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1301)

A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

A darkly stained mat-like EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX (ECM) that separates cell layers, such as EPITHELIUM from ENDOTHELIUM or a layer of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. The ECM layer that supports an overlying EPITHELIUM or ENDOTHELIUM is called basal lamina. Basement membrane (BM) can be formed by the fusion of either two adjacent basal laminae or a basal lamina with an adjacent reticular lamina of connective tissue. BM, composed mainly of TYPE IV COLLAGEN; glycoprotein LAMININ; and PROTEOGLYCAN, provides barriers as well as channels between interacting cell layers.

The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism.

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.

The glycine amide of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Its sodium salt is used as a diagnostic aid to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and excretory capacity.

Tissue, organ, or gamete donation intended for a designated recipient.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

Sodium excretion by URINATION.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.

The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.

The unborn young of a viviparous mammal, in the postembryonic period, after the major structures have been outlined. In humans, the unborn young from the end of the eighth week after CONCEPTION until BIRTH, as distinguished from the earlier EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

General increase in bulk of a part or organ due to CELL ENLARGEMENT and accumulation of FLUIDS AND SECRETIONS, not due to tumor formation, nor to an increase in the number of cells (HYPERPLASIA).

Populations of thin, motile processes found covering the surface of ciliates (CILIOPHORA) or the free surface of the cells making up ciliated EPITHELIUM. Each cilium arises from a basic granule in the superficial layer of CYTOPLASM. The movement of cilia propels ciliates through the liquid in which they live. The movement of cilia on a ciliated epithelium serves to propel a surface layer of mucus or fluid. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.

Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.

A state of prolonged irreversible cessation of all brain activity, including lower brain stem function with the complete absence of voluntary movements, responses to stimuli, brain stem reflexes, and spontaneous respirations. Reversible conditions which mimic this clinical state (e.g., sedative overdose, hypothermia, etc.) are excluded prior to making the determination of brain death. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp348-9)

A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.

A class of drugs whose main indications are the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. They exert their hemodynamic effect mainly by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system. They also modulate sympathetic nervous system activity and increase prostaglandin synthesis. They cause mainly vasodilation and mild natriuresis without affecting heart rate and contractility.

An encapsulated lymphatic organ through which venous blood filters.

Lead and mercury residues in kidney and liver of Canadian slaughter animals. (1/37740)

Liver and kidney samples were collected from Canadian slaughter animals during the winter of 1973-1974. A total of 256 samples were analyzed for lead. Mean lead levels of 1.02 ppm in poultry liver, 1.04 ppm in bovine liver, 1.02 ppm in bovine kidney, 0.73 ppm in pork liver and 0.85 ppm in pork kidney were found. A total of 265 samples were analyzed for mercury. Mean mercury levels of 0.003 ppm in poultry liver, 0.007 ppm in bovine liver, 0.008 ppm in bovine kidney, 0.001 ppm in pork liver and 0.013 ppm in pork kidney were found. All levels detected were below the Canadian official tolerance of 2 ppm for lead and administrative tolerance of 0.5 ppm for mercury. (+info)

Infleuce of dietary levels of vitamin E and selenium on tissue and blood parameters in pigs. (2/37740)

Eighteen barrows approximately three weeks of age were used in a 3 X 3 factorial arrangement to investigate the effect of level of supplemental vitamin E and selenium on tissue and blood parameters. Tissue selenium concentrations increased in a quadratic manner with increased selenium intake with kidney tissue containing considerably greater concentrations than liver, heart or muscle. Supplementation of the diet caused a three-fold increase in serum selenium within the first week with a slight tendency to further increases in subsequent weeks. Serum vitamin E of unsupplemented pigs declined by fifty percent during the experiment, whereas supplemental vitamin E resulted in increased serum vitamin E. There was a considerable viration in percent peroxide hemolysis. Correlation of -0.63 between percent peroxide hemolysis and vitamin E intake and -0.85 between percent peroxide hemolysis and serum vitamin E were observed. (+info)

Pathological changes in chickens, ducks and turkeys fed high levels of rapeseed oil. (3/37740)

Rations containing 25% of either regular rapeseed oil (36% erucic acid), Oro rapeseed oil (1.9% erucic acid), soybean oil or a mixture of lard and corn oil were fed to chickens, ducks and turkeys. The regular rapeseed oil ration caused growth depression, increased feed conversion and anemia in all species. All the ducks and some of the chickens fed the regular rapeseed oil ration died. These dead birds were affected with hydropericardium and ascites. No deaths in the turkeys could be attributed to the regular rapeseed oil ration but some turkeys fed this ration had degenerative foci characterized by infiltrations of histiocytic and giant cells in the myocardium. Severe fatty change in the heart, skeletal muscles, spleen and kidney was found at an early age in all birds fed the regular rapeseed oil ration. Less severe fatty change but no other lesions were found in birds fed the Oro rapeseed oil and soybean oil rations. (+info)

Effect of sex difference on the in vitro and in vivo metabolism of aflatoxin B1 by the rat. (4/37740)

Hepatic microsome-catalyzed metabolism of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) to aflatoxin M1 and aflatoxin Q1 and the "metabolic activation" of AFB1 to DNA-alylating metabolite(s) were studied in normal male and female Sprague-Dawley rats, in gonadectomized animals, and in castrated males and normal females treated with testosterone. Microsomes from male animals formed 2 to 5 times more aflatoxin M1, aflatoxin Q1, and DNA-alkylating metabolite(s) than those from females. Castration reduced the metabolism of AFB1 by the microsomes from males by about 50%, whereas ovariectomy had no significant effect on AFB1 metabolism by the microsomes from females. Testosterone treatment (4 mg/rat, 3 times/week for about 6 weeks) of castrated immature males and immature females enhanced the metabolism of AFB1 by their microsomes. A sex difference in the metabolism of AFB1 by liver microsomes was also seen in other strains of rats tested: Wistar, Long-Evans, and Fischer. The activity of kidney microsomes for metabolic activation was 1 to 4% that of the liver activity and was generally lower in microsomes from male rats as compared to those from female rats of Sprague-Dawley, Wistar, and Long-Evans strains. The in vitro results obtained with hepatic microsomes correlated well with the in vivo metabolism of AFB1, in that more AFB1 became bound in vivo to hepatic DNA isolated from male rats and from a female rat treated with testosterone than that isolated from control female rats. These data suggest that the differences in hepatic AFB1 metabolism may be the underlying cause of the sex difference in toxicity and carcinogenicity of AFB1 observed in rats. (+info)

Intrarenal site of action of calcium on renin secretion in dogs. (5/37740)

We studied the effects of intrarenal calcium infusion on renin secretion in sodium-depleted dogs in an attempt to elucidate the major site of calcium-induced inhibition of renin release. Both calcium chloride and calcium gluconate reduced renal blood flow and renin secretion while renal perfusion pressure was unchanged. These data indicate that calcium inhibition of renin secretion did not occur primarily at the renal vascular receptor; decreased renal blood flow is usually associated with increased renin secretion. Calcium chloride infusion increased urinary chloride excretion without affecting sodium excretion, and calcium gluconate failed to increase either sodium or chloride excretion. Also, the filtered loads of sodium and chloride were unchanged during the calcium infusions. These results give no indication that calcium inhibited renin secretion by increasing the sodium or chloride load at the macula densa. The effects of intrarenal calcium infusion on renin release were also assessed in dogs with a nonfiltering kidney in which renal tubular mechanisms could not influence renin secretion. The observation that calcium still suppressed renin release in these dogs provides additional evidence that the the major effect of calcium involved nontubular mechanisms. Thus, it appears likely that calcium acted directly on the juxtaglomerular cells to inhibit renin secretion. (+info)

Acute renal failure caused by nephrotoxins. (6/37740)

Renal micropuncture studies have greatly changed our views on the pathophysiology of acute renal failure caused by nephrotoxins. Formerly, this type of renal insufficiency was attributed to a direct effect of the nephrotoxins on tubule epithelial permeability. According to that theory, glomerular filtration was not greatly diminished, the filtrate formed being absorbed almost quantitatively and nonselectively across damaged tubule epithelium. Studies in a wide variety of rat models have now shown glomerular filtration to be reduced to a level which will inevitably cause renal failure in and of itself. Passive backflow of filtrate across tubular epithelium is either of minor degree or nonexistent even in models where frank tubular necrosis has occurred. This failure of filtration cannot be attributed to tubular obstruction since proximal tubule pressure is distinctly subnormal in most models studied. Instead, filtration failure appears best attributed to intrarenal hemodynamic alterations. While certain facts tend to incriminate the renin-angiotensin system as the cause of the hemodynamic aberrations, others argue to the contrary. The issue is underactive investigation. (+info)

Perinatal nephropathies. (7/37740)

The purpose of this paper is to review the development of the mammalian kidney and to assess the influence that various perinatal manipulations may have on the developmental process either morphologically or functionally. Immature kidneys in general have less functional capacity than adult kidneys and a low rate of glomerular filtration, perhaps related to renal blood flow, which appears to limit the disposition of a fluid or solute load. Tubular reabsorption is also limited leading to the urinary loss of glucose, amino acids, bicarbonate and phosphate. Although the relatively low function of the immature kidney is a normal part of development, its capacity to respond under conditions of stress may be less adequate than in adults. An additional concern is that a variety of perinatal manipulations, such as the incidental or accidental ingestion of a chemical, may lead to varying degrees of altered morphogenesis or functional development of the kidney. Chemical induced renal anomalies may be of several types, but in typical teratology experiments hydronephrosis may be the most frequent observation. The functional consequences of these renal malformations may be lethal or inconsequential or while an animal may be able to survive and develop normally in the presence of a renal malformation, it is possible that a stressful situation would unmask a functional malformation which could compromise survival. Thus, some renal abnormalities may be subtle enough to go unnoticed without experimental tests. Without such tests it is impossible to evaluate the effect of functional alterations on successful adaptation. (+info)

Determination of human body burden baseline date of platinum through autopsy tissue analysis. (8/37740)

Results of analysis for platinum in 97 autopsy sets are presented. Analysis was performed by a specially developed emission spectrochemical method. Almost half of the individuals studied were found to have detectable platinum in one or more tissue samples. Platinum was found to be deposited in 13 of 21 tissue types investigated. Surprisingly high values were observed in subcutaneous fat, previously not considered to be a target site for platinum deposition. These data will serve as a human tissue platinum burden baseline in EPA's Catalyst Research Program. (+info)

... is a medical condition referring to damage to the kidney due to chronic high blood pressure. It ... "Hypertensive Nephropathy, Symptoms, Treatment, Diet and Causes - Kidney Disease Symptoms and Treatment". www.kidney-symptom.com ... Hypertensive kidney disease. Other names. Hypertensive nephrosclerosis (HN or HNS), hypertensive kidney disease, hypertensive ... Fogo, Agnes B. (2003-02-01). "Hypertensive risk factors in kidney disease in African Americans". Kidney International. Renal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertensive_nephropathy

Kidney. Avian kidneys function in almost the same way as the more extensively studied mammalian kidney, but with a few ... Depending on the bird species, the cortex makes up around 71-80% of the kidney's mass, while the medulla is much smaller at ... The urine collected by the kidney is emptied into the cloaca through the ureters and then to the colon by reverse peristalsis. ... Unique to birds is the presence of two different types of nephrons (the functional unit of the kidney) both reptilian-like ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird_skeleton

Kidney and bladder[edit]. Evidence for the benefit of acetylcysteine to prevent radiocontrast induced kidney disease is mixed.[ ... "Contrast medium induced acute kidney injury: a narrative review". Journal of Nephrology. 31 (6): 797-812. doi:10.1007/s40620- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-Acetylcysteine

Kidney transplantation. Kidney transplants are the treatment of choice for end-stage kidney disease, which is one of the ... Kidneys. Painless passage of blood or protein in the urine may often be the only presenting sign of kidney involvement. Acute ... electrolytes and kidney function (disturbed if the kidney is involved), liver enzymes, and complete blood count. ... Males tend to have more seizures, kidney disease, serositis (inflammation of tissues lining the lungs and heart), skin problems ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemic_lupus_erythematosus

... injury and failure[edit]. Main articles: Acute kidney injury, Chronic kidney disease, and Kidney failure ... Main article: Kidney disease. Kidney disease is an abnormal structure, function or process in the kidney(s). Nephrosis is non- ... Main article: Kidney development. The mammalian kidney develops from intermediate mesoderm. Kidney development, also called ... Left: location of kidneys within the body. Right: gross anatomical structures within the kidney (midsagittal cut, left kidney). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal

Anemia caused by chronic kidney disease[edit]. For patients who require dialysis or have chronic kidney disease, iron should be ... It is used in treating anemia resulting from chronic kidney disease and myelodysplasia, from the treatment of cancer ( ... Erythropoietin is also used to treat anemia in people with chronic kidney disease who are not on dialysis (those in Stage 3 or ... Erythropoietin is associated with an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular complications in patients with kidney disease if ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procrit

Kidney development[edit]. Osr1 is the earliest marker of the intermediate mesoderm, which will form the gonads and kidneys. ... Reduction of kidney size caused by variant allele[edit]. A variant human OSR1 allele which does not produce a functional ... cell proliferation involved in kidney development. • heart development. • metanephric nephron tubule development. • ureter ... In mammals, OSR1 is involved in the development of the kidneys, heart and in the palate and is often coexpressed with OSR2. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSR1

... , also known as end-stage kidney disease, is a medical condition in which the kidneys no longer work.[1] It is ... Chronic kidney disease[edit]. Main article: Chronic kidney disease. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can also develop slowly and, ... Acute kidney injury[edit]. Main article: Acute kidney injury. Acute kidney injury (AKI), previously called acute renal failure ... Acute-on-chronic kidney failure[edit]. Acute kidney injuries can be present on top of chronic kidney disease, a condition ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_failure

Stomach and kidneys[edit]. Cortisol stimulates gastric-acid secretion.[31] Cortisol's only direct effect on the hydrogen-ion ... The cortex forms the outer "bark" of each adrenal gland, situated atop the kidneys. The release of cortisol is controlled by ... Kokoshchuk GI, Pakhmurnyĭ BA (May 1979). "Role of glucocorticoids in regulating the acid-excreting function of the kidneys]". ... Cortisol increases glomerular filtration rate, and renal plasma flow from the kidneys thus increasing phosphate excretion, as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortisol

Chronic kidney disease stages[edit]. Main article: Chronic kidney disease. Risk factors for kidney disease include diabetes, ... Kidney function in disease[edit]. A decreased renal function can be caused by many types of kidney disease. Upon presentation ... The kidney function can also be assessed with medical imaging. Some forms of imaging, such as kidney ultrasound or CT scans, ... Abnormal kidney function may cause too much or too little urine to be produced. The ability of the kidneys to filter protein is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_function

The kidneys[edit]. Another cause of severe water retention is kidney failure, where the kidneys are no longer able to filter ... Kidney disease often starts with inflammation, for instance in the case of diseases such as nephrotic syndrome or lupus. Once ... This is because the kidneys quickly excrete the excess in the form of urine. Likewise, if one did not get enough to drink, the ... If this is not the cause, as in cases of heart or kidney disease, then diuretic medicines (diuretics) may be an appropriate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_retention_

Role in kidney pathology[edit]. Membranous glomerulonephritis is a serious human disease that can be treated with ACTH, which ... In a rat model of nephritis it was found that treatment with a different agonist of MC1R improved aspects of kidney morphology ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanocortin-1_receptor

Kidney and liver impairment[edit]. Use with caution due to possible risk of toxicity.[13] ... Acetaminophen: Liver and kidney failure, low blood sugar coma may occur.[8] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicodin

This particular type of chronic kidney disease was characterized by vasopressin-resistant high-output kidney failure ( ... Due to the risk of kidney toxicity, methoxyflurane is contraindicated in people with pre-existing kidney disease or diabetes ... Kidney[edit]. The first report of nephrotoxicity appeared in 1964, when Paddock and colleagues reported three cases of acute ... The kidney and liver toxicity observed after anesthetic doses is attributable to one or more metabolites produced by O- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methoxyflurane

... of urine into the kidneys from the bladder. These problems can cause kidney failure early in life and may require kidney ... Kidneys[edit]. Kidney defects are seen in approximately 50 percent of patients with VACTERL association. In addition, up to 35 ... Babies with limb defects on both sides tend to have kidney or urologic defects on both sides, while babies with limb defects on ... Renal abnormalities in VACTERL association can be severe, with incomplete formation of one or both kidneys or urologic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VACTERL_association

Impaired kidney function[edit]. Impaired kidney function may develop, either acutely or chronically, and with any degree of ... Kidney failure in multiple myeloma can be acute (reversible) or chronic (irreversible). Acute kidney failure typically resolves ... Treatment of chronic kidney failure is dependent on the type of kidney failure and may involve dialysis. ... Depending on the size of these proteins, they may be excreted through the kidneys. Kidneys can be damaged by the effects of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_myeloma

Role in kidney function[edit]. Kisspeptin and its receptor was found in various sites in the kidney, including in the ... "The inextricable role of the kidney in hypertension". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 124 (6): 2341-2347. doi:10.1172/ ... collecting duct, vascular smooth muscle, and in the renal tubule cells.[16] Much of the impact on the kidney deals with the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kisspeptin

Kidney damage[edit]. The treatment of kidney damage may reverse or delay the progression of the disease.[38] Kidney damage is ... Ultrasound of a kidney with nephrotic syndrome. There is a hyperechoic kidney without demarcation of the cortex and medulla.[25 ... Acute fluid overload can cause edema in someone with kidney failure. These people are known to have kidney failure, and have ... In addition, imaging of the kidneys (for structure and presence of two kidneys) is sometimes carried out, and/or a biopsy of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephrotic_syndrome

Liver and kidney problems[edit]. 10-20% of trimethoprim is metabolized by the liver and the rest is excreted in the urine. ... Dosage adjustment is not needed for liver impairment but should be adjusted for kidney impairment.[19] ... Therefore, trimethoprim should be used with caution in individuals with kidney and liver impairments. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trimethoprim

Kidney[edit]. Vasopressin has three main effects: *Increasing the water permeability of initial and cortical collecting tubules ... Rector FC, Brenner BM (2004). Brenner & Rector's the kidney (7th ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders. ISBN 978-0-7216-0164-9.. ... Liver, kidney, peripheral vasculature, brain. Vasoconstriction, gluconeogenesis, platelet aggregation, and release of factor ... First, it increases the amount of solute-free water reabsorbed back into the circulation from the filtrate in the kidney ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasopressin

Kidney failure *^ Excreting protein [usually plasma proteins] in the urine. Not dangerous in itself but it is indicative kidney ... Kidney cancer[edit]. Clinical trial results, published January 2007, showed that, compared with placebo, treatment with ... The rapid breakdown of muscle tissue leading to the build-up of myoglobin in the blood and resulting in damage to the kidneys ... Prescribing Information - includes data from the key studies justifying the use of sorafenib for the treatment of kidney cancer ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorafenib

Acute kidney injury (previously termed acute renal failure)[edit]. The ratio is predictive of prerenal injury when BUN:Cr ... This may be indicative of hypoperfusion of the kidneys due to heart failure or dehydration.[3] Gastrointestinal bleeding or ... Intrarenal (within kidney) Renal damage causes reduced reabsorption of BUN, therefore lowering the BUN:Cr ratio. Decreased ... The bulk of the urea, about 10 g each day, is excreted by the kidney in a process that begins with glomerular filtration. At ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BUN-to-creatinine_ratio

Kidney[edit]. The involvement of the kidney can be caused by primary renal parenchymal lesions, or an underlying vasculitis, or ... Airway/kidney involvement. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, bronchial asthma. Nose cartilage involvement/saddle nose. ... Actual kidney involvement is quite rare, elevated creatinine levels are reported in approximately 10% of people with RP, and ... abnormalities in urinalysis in 26%. Involvement of the kidney often indicates a worse prognosis, with a 10-year survival rate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relapsing_polychondritis

Sexton returned to the Ireland squad for the 2010 Six Nations, he came on as a substitute in Ireland's loss against France. He was selected to earn his first Six Nations start in the match against England in Twickenham on 27 February 2010.[18] Ireland won the game 20-16 at Twickenham with Sexton before being replaced by Ronan O'Gara late in the game. Sexton started against Wales and Scotland, being replaced by Ronan O'Gara in both games towards the end. Over the six nations, his kicking success rate was much lower than in his first few tests, missing several kicks. Sexton was named in Ireland's squad for the 2010 Summer Tests, coming off the bench to replace O'Gara against New Zealand. He started against New Zealand Maori and kicked 23 points, and started against Australia, kicking all of Ireland's 15 points in the game.[19] Sexton then went to international duty and played in matches against South Africa, New Zealand and Argentina. He scored 34 points in those tests, but then he had to prepare ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Sexton

Kidney: 25 percent develop signs of nephrotoxicity ranging from mild, asymptomatic azotemia (increased serum creatinine and ... However, these may increase with severe kidney problems.[20] Pentamidine can remain in the system for as long as 8 months after ... It accumulates in the kidney, liver, lungs, pancreas, spleen, and adrenal glands.[20] Additionally, pentamidine does not reach ... and kidney problems.[1] Common side effects of the inhaled form include wheezing, cough, and nausea.[1] It is unclear if doses ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentamidine

There is a longstanding belief among the mainstream medical community that vitamin C increases risk of kidney stones.[54] " ... Reptiles and older orders of birds make ascorbic acid in their kidneys. Recent orders of birds and most mammals make ascorbic ... In humans, during times of low dietary intake, vitamin C is reabsorbed by the kidneys rather than excreted. Only when plasma ... Thomas LD, Elinder CG, Tiselius HG, Wolk A, Akesson A (March 2013). "Ascorbic acid supplements and kidney stone incidence among ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L-ascorbic_acid

"NSAIDs may cause rare kidney problems in unborn babies". U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 21 July 2017. Retrieved 15 October ... The risk of toxicity to the kidneys increases when ketorolac is taken with cyclosporine.[8][9] ... kidney failure, heart attacks, bronchospasm, heart failure, and anaphylaxis.[2] Use is not recommended during the last part of ... required the drug label to be updated for all nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications to describe the risk of kidney ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketorolac

During the 1970s, ACE was found to elevate blood pressure by controlling the release of water and salts from the kidneys. ... Preservation of kidney function in diabetic nephropathy. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captopril

Kidney. Identifiers. IUPAC name. *(2S,5R,6R)-3,3-Dimethyl-7-oxo-6-(2-phenylacetamido)-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzylpenicillin

In kidneys, inadequate oxygenation results in tubular epithelial cell injury (of the cells lining the kidney tubules), and thus ... Kidney dysfunction *serum creatinine ≥ 2 times the upper limit of normal for age or 2-fold increase in baseline creatinine in ... Dopamine is not proven to have protective properties on the kidneys.[6] Dobutamine can also be used in hypotensive septic shock ... Kidney: low urine output or no urine output, electrolyte abnormalities, or volume overload ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepsis

To lower your risk of kidney and renal pelvis cancers, dont smoke, or quit if you do. Be very careful if you work with the ... What Are the Kidneys?. The body has two kidneys, one on each side of the body, located behind the liver and stomach. The ... Having kidney stones.. *Having sickle cell trait, which is asociated with a very rare form of kidney cancer (renal medullary ... When cancer starts in the kidney, it is called kidney and renal pelvis cancer. It can also be called renal cell cancer as that ...

https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/kidney/

The bean-shaped kidneys, each about the size of a childs fist, are essential to our health. Their most important role is to ... How Do the Kidneys and Urinary Tract Work?. Blood travels to each kidney through the renal artery. The artery enters the kidney ... Each adult kidney is about the size of a fist.. Each kidney has an outer layer called the cortex, which contains filtering ... What Do the Kidneys Do?. Kidneys have many jobs, from filtering blood and making urine to keeping bones healthy and making a ...

https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/kidneys-urinary.html

Doctors may order this test if they suspect kidney damage, cysts, tumors, kidney stones, or complications from urinary tract ... A renal ultrasound makes images of your childs kidneys, ureters, and bladder. ... The kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped organs located toward the back of the abdominal cavity, just above the waist. They remove ... A renal ultrasound is a safe and painless test that uses sound waves to make images of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. ...

https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/renal-ultrasound.html

... an inherited condition that causes small fluid-filled sacs called cysts to develop in the kidneys. ... Find out about autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), ... dialysis, where a machine is used to replicate kidney functions *a kidney transplant, where a healthy kidney is removed from a ... The kidneys. The kidneys are 2 bean-shaped organs located on either side of the back of the body, just underneath the ribcage. ...

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/autosomal-dominant-polycystic-kidney-disease-adpkd/

Learn about kidney failure symptoms, tests, diagnosis and treatment options, including medication, dialysis and kidney ... diseased kidney Open pop-up dialog box Close Normal kidney vs. diseased kidney. Normal kidney vs. diseased kidney. A normal ... Polycystic kidney Open pop-up dialog box Close Polycystic kidney. Polycystic kidney. A healthy kidney (left) eliminates waste ... Chronic kidney disease, also called chronic kidney failure, describes the gradual loss of kidney function. Your kidneys filter ...

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/chronic-kidney-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20354521

Kidney injury and failure[edit]. Main articles: Acute kidney injury, Chronic kidney disease, and Kidney failure ... Main article: Kidney disease. Kidney disease is an abnormal structure, function or process in the kidney(s). Nephrosis is non- ... Main article: Kidney development. The mammalian kidney develops from intermediate mesoderm. Kidney development, also called ... Left: location of kidneys within the body. Right: gross anatomical structures within the kidney (midsagittal cut, left kidney). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal

Kidney failure, also known as end-stage kidney disease, is a medical condition in which the kidneys no longer work.[1] It is ... Chronic kidney disease[edit]. Main article: Chronic kidney disease. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can also develop slowly and, ... Acute kidney injury[edit]. Main article: Acute kidney injury. Acute kidney injury (AKI), previously called acute renal failure ... Acute-on-chronic kidney failure[edit]. Acute kidney injuries can be present on top of chronic kidney disease, a condition ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_failure

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Chronic Kidney Disease Initiative. *National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive ... Number of adults aged 18 and over with diagnosed kidney disease: 6.0 million ... Percent of adults aged 18 and over with diagnosed kidney disease: 2.4% ...

https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/kidney-disease.htm

Kidney was ceased at the end of the year 2010. Kidney was an international journal that offered readers a review of current ... Kidney was ceased at the end of the year 2010.. Kidney was an international journal that offered readers a review of current ... The journal Kidney will be discontinued at the end of the year 2010 and therefore it is no longer possible to submit ... Kidney. Editors-in-Chief: Jose A. L. Arruda. Main editor: George Dunea ...

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T1a is defined as tumors 4 cm or less in greatest dimension, limited to the kidney. T1b is defined as tumors greater than 4 cm ... T1b is defined as tumors greater than 4 cm but not more than 7 cm in greatest dimension, limited to the kidney. ... American Joint Committee on Cancer (2002) Kidney. In: Greene F.L. et al. (eds) AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. Springer, New York, ... McDonald JR, Priestley JT: Malignant tumors of the kidney: surgical and prognostic significance of tumor thrombosis of the ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4757-3656-4_36

Six donors and recipients in a triple kidney swap meet and talk about their experiences at the University of Maryland Medical ... Six donors and recipients in a triple kidney swap meet and talk about their experiences at the University of Maryland Medical ... Six donors and recipients in a triple kidney swap meet and talk about their experiences at the University of Maryland Medical ... Six donors and recipients in a triple kidney swap meet and talk about their experiences at the University of Maryland Medical ...

http://www.latimes.com/bal-hs-kidney-swap-p220110708130227-photo.html

Fact: Donating a kidney does not reduce a live donors life expectancy. Interestingly enough, people who have donated a kidney ... Concern: I dont want my living donor to face a kidney failure later in life. What if he/she will need a transplant? ... The estimated risk of kidney failure at 15 years after donation is about 3 per 1,000 donors. In the rare case that a donor ... Our family members have proven to be unfit candidates, but we wont give up until we find Aunt Teresa a kidney! ...

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Read more about the process and details of a kidney transplantation and how they may affect your body. ... Kidney Transplant (National Kidney Foundation) Also in Spanish * Kidney Transplant (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and ... Solitary Kidney (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) * Travel Tips: A Guide for Kidney Patients ( ... A kidney transplant is an operation that places a healthy kidney in your body. The transplanted kidney takes over the work of ...

https://medlineplus.gov/kidneytransplantation.html

Doctors at Beilinson Hospital performed an extraordinary 8-way kidney surgery involving 4 donors and 4 recipients brought ... together by Matnat Chaim, dedicated to encouraging altruistic kidney donations. ... The kidney club. Doctors at Beilinson Hospital performed an extraordinary 8-way kidney surgery involving 4 donors and 4 ... Yardena, Lees partner, in turn donated a kidney to a woman named Leah, whose son, Yonatan, donated a kidney to a man named ...

https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-5429929,00.html

Read clinically focused news coverage of key developments from Kidney Week 2019 ... Kidney Week 2019: American Society of Nephrology Annual Meeting : ... Popular News From Kidney Week 2018 * High-Dose Iron Safe, Effective in Hemodialysis Patients High-dose iron reduces the amount ... KidneyWeek 2019 Omega-3 and Vit D of No Benefit for Kidney Function in Diabetes Medscape Medical News, November 8, 2019 ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewcollection/35170

Read about the blood, urine, and imaging tests that doctors use to diagnose and monitor kidney diseases. ... Kidney Tests Also called: Kidney Function Panel, Kidney Function Tests, Kidney Panel, Renal Function Panel ... Kidney Biopsy (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) * Kidney Stone Analysis (National Library of ... Early kidney disease usually does not have signs or symptoms. Testing is the only way to know how your kidneys are doing. It is ...

https://medlineplus.gov/kidneytests.html

... a kidney-shaped bean, esp. a dark red variety of the common bean plant Phaseolus vulgaris. Source for information on kidney ... kid·ney bean • n. a kidney-shaped bean, esp. a dark red variety of the common bean plant Phaseolus vulgaris. ... www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/kidney-bean ... www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/kidney-bean ...

https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/kidney-bean

They were among three pairs of kidney donors and recipients who... ... after learning that McCallister was the donor who gave Walker a kidney in an operation that took place last week at ... They were among three pairs of kidney donors and recipients who met at the hospital to learn who had been matched together in ... They were among three pairs of kidney donors and recipients who met at the hospital to learn who had been matched together in ...

http://www.sun-sentinel.com/chi-trb27kidney-20131227-photo.html

... way for kidney-stone-prone people to slow the development of new stones. ... Kidney stones form when urine in the kidney becomes supersaturated with stone-forming salts -- and when the urine doesnt ... Over the time they drank lemonade they had a lower burden of kidney stones and appeared to form kidney stones at a slower rate ... Lemonade also does something else needed by people prone to kidney stoneskidney stones. It helps them pass a lot of urine, said ...

https://www.webmd.com/kidney-stones/news/20060524/lemonade-helps-kidney-stones

Primitive and embryonic kidneys consist of two series of specialized tubules that empty into two collecting ducts, the Wolffian ... Kidney, in vertebrates and some invertebrates, organ that maintains water balance and expels metabolic wastes. ... ducts (see Wolffian duct). The more advanced kidney ... renal system: The kidneys. The kidneys are bean-shaped, reddish ... excretion: The kidneys. Kidneys have evolved in multicellular animals as a highly sophisticated channel for waste disposal, and ...

https://www.britannica.com/science/kidney

Kidney failure,, partial or complete loss of kidney function. Kidney failure is classified as acute (when the onset is sudden) ... Acute kidney failure results in reduced output of urine, rapidly and abnormally increased levels of nitrogenous substances, ... Kidney failure, also called renal failure, partial or complete loss of kidney function. Kidney failure is classified as acute ( ... of the kidney; and overabundance of calcium salts in the kidneys. On rare occasions, kidney failure can occur without apparent ...

https://www.britannica.com/science/kidney-failure

Movable Kidney. Br Med J 1882; 2 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.1145.1178-a (Published 09 December 1882) Cite this as: Br ...

http://www.bmj.com/content/2/1145/1178.2

Fundraise or donate to National Kidney Federation with JustGiving, the worlds leading online fundraising platform, helping ... NKF (National Kidney Federation) is the only national kidney charity run by kidney patients for the benefit of kidney patients ... National Kidney Federation. We are run by kidney patients to support kidney patients. ... Im I am delighted to take on this Challenge for NKF for Richard Palmer because The Charity supports and helps kidney patients ...

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Learn how best to take care of kidneys, make informed decisions about treatment options. ... Get important info on kidney disease education coverage. ... National Kidney Foundation External Link icon *National Kidney ... Kidney disease education Medicare covers up to 6 sessions of kidney disease education services if you have Stage IV chronic ... National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NKUDIC) *Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics External Link icon ...

https://www.medicare.gov/coverage/kidney-disease-education

Three savvy New York women, desperate to help their ailing dad find a kidney, found an organ donor amid the used-car ads, ... Flood was diagnosed with chronic kidney failure in August 2007. His family knew he faced as long as a 10-year wait for a donor ... Three savvy New York women, desperate to help their ailing dad find a kidney, found an organ donor amid the used-car ads, ... The Flood sisters have started a kidney foundation (on the Web at floodsisters.org) to help others learn about alternative ways ...

https://nypost.com/2009/01/24/their-lifesaving-kidney-hunch/

kidney stones usually pass on their own without causing any long-term problems. if they dont, or if youre in a lot of pain, ... National Kidney Foundation: "Kidney Stones," "Kidney Stone Treatment: Shock Wave Lithotripsy," "Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy/ ... National Kidney Foundation: "Kidney Stones," "Kidney Stone Treatment: Shock Wave Lithotripsy," "Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy/ ... Are kidney stones painful?. ANSWER Kidney stones usually pass on their own without causing any long-term problems. If they ...

https://www.webmd.com/kidney-stones/qa/are-kidney-stones-painful

... clinical and translational research leading to major advances in the prevention and treatment of kidney diseases. KI Kansas at ... The Kidney Institute at the University of Kansas Medical Center is an internationally recognized, multidisciplinary research ... As one of the top kidney research centers in the country, the Kidney Institute gives hope to those with kidney disease. Our ... Kidney Institute. The Kidney Institute is a world-class, internationally recognized research center. Our mission is to support ...

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... is CEO of the Climate Bonds Initiative, an international NGO working to mobilize debt capital markets for climate ... Kidney was previously marketing advisor to a number of the largest Australian pension funds. ...

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Learn about how to treat a kidney injury or renal injury. ... If your child has suffered a kidney injury, proper aftercare is ... Kidney Injuries. A childs kidney is more likely to be injured than an adults kidney because there is less protection from the ... Function of the Kidneys. Each person has two kidneys, which are located on either side of the spine, behind the intestines and ... Diagnosis of Kidney Injuries. Children with a kidney injury may have bruising, pain in their back, blood in their urine, or ...

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A cup of kidney beans provides over 15 grams of protein. Description. Just as its name suggests, the kidney bean is shaped like ... Kidney beans that are white in color are known as cannellini beans. History. Kidney beans and other beans such as pinto beans, ... Tips for Preparing Kidney Beans. Before washing kidney beans, spread them out on a light colored plate or cooking surface to ... White kidney beans start off with about 1/3rd less hemagglutinin than red ones. Nutritional Profile. Kidney beans are an ...

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Chronic kidney disease can progress to end-stage kidney failure, which is fatal without artificial filtering (dialysis) or a kidney transplant. (mayoclinic.org)
[7] Treatment of chronic disease may include hemodialysis , peritoneal dialysis , or a kidney transplant . (wikipedia.org)
A kidney transplant is an operation that places a healthy kidney in your body. (medlineplus.gov)
During a transplant, the surgeon places the new kidney in your lower abdomen and connects the artery and vein of the new kidney to your artery and vein. (medlineplus.gov)
If you have a transplant, you must take drugs for the rest of your life, to keep your body from rejecting the new kidney. (medlineplus.gov)
In a record-breaking "cross-transplant" procedure performed by doctors at Beilinson Hospital in Petah Tikva, four donor kidneys were transplanted simultaneously to the bodies of four different patients in the space of 48 hours. (ynetnews.com)
The transplant chain was facilitated by Matnat Chaim, an Israeli non-profit dedicated to encouraging healthy volunteers to donate kidneys to patients requiring a transplant. (ynetnews.com)
After tests conducted by doctors at Beilinson ahead of the planned cross-transplant, a possibility arose for Gil to be at the receiving end of a new kidney. (ynetnews.com)
Yonatan Tager, who was also part of the record-breaking transplant, said he "didn't hesitate" donating his kidney in order to save his mother's life. (ynetnews.com)
My mother had a severe decrease in kidney function and her condition deteriorated to the point that she required an urgent kidney transplant," says Yonatan. (ynetnews.com)
At the hospital we were offered to participate in a cross-transplant, meaning that I would donate my kidney to someone else and in return my mother would be matched with a donor. (ynetnews.com)
If adequate recovery does not occur, a kidney transplant may be considered. (britannica.com)
When Are You Too Old to Get a Kidney Transplant? (medscape.com)
Medicare covers up to 6 sessions of kidney disease education services if you have Stage IV chronic kidney disease that will usually require dialysis or a kidney transplant. (medicare.gov)
Your right to choose not to get a kidney transplant on dialysis. (medicare.gov)
Connect with community, learn about kidney health, and learn about transplant as a treatment. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
People in need of a kidney transplant are reported to have paid up to £128,000 in countries such as China, India and Pakistan, where organs are harvested from vulnerable people who may receive as little as £2,500. (www.nhs.uk)
Illegally purchasing a kidney should not be considered by those in need of a transplant, as it places them at great risk. (www.nhs.uk)
The number of people in need of a transplant is expected to rise steeply due to an ageing population, an increase in people with kidney failure and scientific advances that allow a wider range of people to benefit from a successful transplant. (www.nhs.uk)
People with kidney failure require dialysis or a kidney transplant to live. (nih.gov)
If you experience kidney failure, treatments include kidney transplant or dialysis. (nih.gov)
In connection with an earlier paper on the exchange of live donor kidneys (Roth, Sonmez, and Unver 2004) the authors entered into discussions with New England transplant surgeons and their colleagues in the transplant community, aimed at implementing a Kidney Exchange program. (repec.org)
Complications of ureterovesical anastomosis in kidney transplant patients: the Minnesota experience. (springer.com)
A pioneer in organ transplant since 1963, the Adult Kidney Transplant Program at the Massachusetts General Hospital Transplant Center employs leading-edge medical and surgical technology to provide individualized care for patients with chronic kidney disease. (massgeneral.org)
In 2017, 40% of patients receiving kidney transplants at Mass General never needed a single dialysis treatment prior to transplant, which is more than twice the national average. (massgeneral.org)
Kidney transplant patients typically require lifelong immunosuppressive medications to prevent their immune systems from attacking the new organ. (massgeneral.org)
Our high volume of kidney transplants-and skilled team of kidney transplant surgeons, anesthesiologists, nurses and social workers who guide patients through every stage of care-help us to attain excellent results in treating patients who need a kidney transplant. (massgeneral.org)
Kidney transplant candidates are placed on the national United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) waiting list, which manages the distribution of organs nationwide. (massgeneral.org)
The Mass General Kidney Transplant Program also conducts a monthly evaluation clinic at four locations throughout New England. (massgeneral.org)
Gladys, who came up with the idea for the transplant, volunteered to donate her kidney to 38-year-old Jamie in her petition for early release. (bbc.co.uk)
There is currently no date set for the kidney transplant. (bbc.co.uk)
Amelia Rivera, a New Jersey girl whose parents once said she was wrongly denied a kidney transplant because of her mental disabilities, is now home recovering after getting a kidney from her mother. (usatoday.com)
Amelia Rivera, a New Jersey girl whose parents once said she was wrongly denied a kidney transplant because of her mental disabilities, is now home recovering after getting a kidney from her mother, mom Chrissy Rivera reports in a blog post today. (usatoday.com)
In 2005, DOC paid $37,244 for one coronary bypass surgery and $32,897 for one kidney transplant surgery. (dictionary.com)
But on April 17, 1985, at Jackson Memorial Hospital in Miami, Derek was given a new life when he became the smallest and youngest child in South Florida to have a kidney transplant. (sun-sentinel.com)
Dr. George Kyriakides, a surgeon on the 12-member transplant team that performed the 2 1/2-hour operation, said Thursday that since Derek had virtually no kidney-related problems the first year after the operation, his prognosis for a long and healthy life is very good. (sun-sentinel.com)
Long-term data is proving that preemptive kidney transplant is the best option for most patients whose kidney disease is progressing to kidney failure. (mayoclinic.org)
Kidney transplant recipients have a significantly greater chance of survival compared to dialysis patients. (mayoclinic.org)
Without treatment, the kidneys will eventually fail (this is known as 'end-stage renal failure') and dialysis or a kidney transplant will be required. (diabetes.ca)
The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) has over 80,000 patients on the kidney transplant waiting list, many of whom are highly sensitized. (hindawi.com)
When it came time for a transplant, he turned to Johns Hopkins, friends and the National Kidney Registry. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
That's why when he learned in 2001 that he had polycystic kidney disease (PKD) , a genetic disease that eventually leads to kidney failure and the need for a kidney transplant, he told only a handful of people about the diagnosis. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Neil's kidney function slowly declined, but it wasn't until April 2016 that it dropped to below 20 percent, which meant it was time for him and his wife, Lisa, to begin researching transplant facilities to find one they felt comfortable with. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Johns Hopkins Comprehensive Transplant Center surgeon Niraj Desai , M.D., says the hospital's reputation - especially for kidney transplants - is a draw for patients from around the world. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Like all people who need a kidney transplant, Neil had the option of a transplant with a deceased donor's kidney or one from a living donor. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
According to the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) , which manages the list of everyone across the U.S. waiting for an organ transplant, more than 95,000 people currently are on the waiting list for a deceased-donor kidney. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
People also don't realize that kidney transplant doubles someone's life expectancy," says Desai. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
A kidney transplant is a surgical procedure to place a healthy kidney from a living or deceased donor into a person whose kidneys no longer function properly. (drugs.com)
People with end-stage renal disease need to have waste removed from their bloodstream via a machine (dialysis) or a kidney transplant to stay alive. (drugs.com)
During kidney transplant surgery, the donor kidney is placed in your lower abdomen. (drugs.com)
A kidney transplant is often the treatment of choice for kidney failure, compared with a lifetime on dialysis. (drugs.com)
A kidney transplant can treat chronic kidney disease or end-stage renal disease to help you feel better and live longer. (drugs.com)
Some people may also benefit from receiving a kidney transplant before needing to go on dialysis, a procedure known as preemptive kidney transplant. (drugs.com)
But for certain people with kidney failure, a kidney transplant may be more risky than dialysis. (drugs.com)
If a compatible living donor isn't available, your name may be placed on a kidney transplant waiting list to receive a kidney from a deceased donor. (drugs.com)
Some forms of kidney disease may return after transplant. (drugs.com)
The health risks associated with kidney transplant include those associated directly with the surgery itself, rejection of the donor organ and side effects of taking medications (anti-rejection or immunosuppressants) needed to prevent your body from rejecting the donated kidney. (drugs.com)
Deciding whether kidney transplant is right for you is a personal decision that deserves careful thought and consideration of the serious risks and benefits. (drugs.com)
After a kidney transplant, you'll take medications to help prevent your body from rejecting the donor kidney. (drugs.com)
Our reputation has given us the honour to serve the international clients from Saudi Arabia, Jordan, West Indies, UK, US in the field of kidney transplant. (telegraph.co.uk)
Transplant specialists estimate that between 4,000 and 5,000 live kidneys are sold in Pakistan every year. (telegraph.co.uk)
It's a special day for me, because I've seen firsthand the ways a kidney transplant can change a person's life -- I was able to donate my left kidney to my husband Bryan in 2012. (huffingtonpost.com)
The Transplant Center at Memorial Hermann-Texas Medical Center is a recognized leader in the diagnosis and treatment of adult and pediatric kidney disease. (memorialhermann.org)
Memorial Hermann's first kidney transplant was performed in 1977 and since then more than 2,400 kidney transplants have been performed at our Transplant Center. (memorialhermann.org)
We provide outstanding diagnosis and treatment for patients with kidney disease through a multidisciplinary team of highly experienced surgeons and nephrologists , and a specially trained team of registered nurses, dietitians, pharmacists, social workers, financial counselors, and transplant coordinators. (memorialhermann.org)
Through our partnership with The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, the Transplant Center remains at the forefront of disease management for kidney disorders, immunosuppression research, and surgical advances. (memorialhermann.org)

[1] Kidney transplantation involves surgically placing a kidney from someone else and then taking immunosuppressant medication to prevent rejection . (wikipedia.org)
Older Immunosuppressant as Good As Newer One, But 10 Times Cheaper Replacement of azathioprine with mycophenolate mofetil for kidney transplantation was a very costly move, with no discernible benefits in the era of modern immunosuppression, say authors of ATHENA. (medscape.com)
An official publication of the National Kidney Foundation (NKF), the book provides a current overview of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of kidney diseases, fluid and electrolyte disorders, hypertension, dialysis, and kidney transplantation. (worldcat.org)
Writing in Wednesday's Journal of the American Medical Assn., Dr. Jackson Wright Jr. of Case Western said black patients are six times more likely than whites to develop end-stage kidney disease, a condition that leaves patients with few options other than dialysis and kidney transplantation. (latimes.com)
In the past 40 years, few fields of medicine have undergone the rapid advances that have been seen with kidney transplantation. (springer.com)
Bitker MO, Benoit G. Surgical aspects of kidney transplantation in France in 1997. (springer.com)
Is routine ureteric stenting needed in kidney transplantation? (springer.com)
Ureteral stents are associated with reduced risk of ureteral complications after kidney transplantation: a large single center experience. (springer.com)
Surgical complications after kidney transplantation. (springer.com)
Kinnaert P, Hall M, Janssen F, Vereerstraeten P, Toussaint C, Van Geertruyden J. Ureteral stenosis after kidney transplantation: true incidence and long-term follow-up after surgical correction. (springer.com)
Some kidney diseases can be successfully treated and others progress to advanced kidney failure, requiring dialysis and/or transplantation. (healthcentral.com)
At right, a human cystic kidney removed during a transplantation operation. (eurekalert.org)
We recommend discussing kidney transplantation with your doctor before your kidneys fail. (mayoclinic.org)
Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for most patients with stage five chronic kidney disease (CKD). (hindawi.com)
Johns Hopkins leads the way in research and has pioneered many of the advanced procedures and techniques in kidney transplantation," says Desai. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Only one donated kidney is needed to replace two failed kidneys, making living-donor kidney transplantation an option. (drugs.com)
Kidney transplantation can treat advanced kidney disease and kidney failure, but it is not a cure. (drugs.com)

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is an inherited condition that causes small fluid-filled sacs called cysts to develop in the kidneys. (www.nhs.uk)
Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is a rarer type of kidney disease that can only be inherited if both parents carry the faulty gene. (www.nhs.uk)
Fluid-filled sacs (right), called cysts, characterize polycystic kidney disease. (mayoclinic.org)
[5] Causes of chronic kidney failure include diabetes , high blood pressure , nephrotic syndrome , and polycystic kidney disease . (wikipedia.org)
Congratulations to Dr. Xia 'Julie' Zhou on being awarded a NIH K01 grant titled, "Crosstalk of DNMT1 and Sirt1 in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. (kumc.edu)
Kansas PKD Research and Translation Core Center awarded a $5.4 million NIH P30 grant to advance the search for a cure and treatments for polycystic kidney disease. (kumc.edu)
Congratulations to Dr. Alan Yu on being awarded a NIH R21 grant for a PKD clinical trial titled, " Randomized, controlled pilot study of nicotinamide (vitamin B3) in polycystic kidney disease . (kumc.edu)
Occasionally, however, somebody may have many cysts in both kidneys in which case they have a condition known as polycystic kidneys. (netdoctor.co.uk)
Also of interest are studies of inherited diseases such as polycystic kidney disease, congenital kidney disorders, and immune-related kidney diseases such as IgA nephropathy and hemolytic uremic syndrome. (nih.gov)
A friend of mine was recently diagnosed with Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD). (medhelp.org)
Laparoscopy and cyst removal is the most suitable treatment for a genetic condition called polycystic kidney disease (PKD). (news-medical.net)
The most prevalent hereditary kidney condition is polycystic kidney disease. (healthcentral.com)
My mother has been diagnosed with polycystic liver (and kidney) disease when a surgeon spotted a granular 'sandpapery' texture to her liver in the form of little nodules during a routine hysterectomy . (netdoctor.co.uk)
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is one of the more common inherited conditions with an overall prevalence of somewhere between 1 in 5,000 and 1 in 10,000. (netdoctor.co.uk)
Neil Emmott struggled with polycystic kidney disease for 15 years until a paired exchange program resulted in kidneys for him and seven other people. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
For 15 years, Neil Emmott told few people about his polycystic kidney disease diagnosis. (hopkinsmedicine.org)

Although children affected by ADPKD are born with the condition, it rarely causes any noticeable problems until the cysts grow large enough to affect the kidneys' functions. (www.nhs.uk)
ADPKD is caused by a genetic fault that disrupts the normal development of some of the cells in the kidneys and causes cysts to grow. (www.nhs.uk)
In some cases of ADPKD in adults, where chronic kidney disease is advanced and progressing rapidly, a medication called tolvaptan can be used to slow down the formation of cysts and protect kidney function. (www.nhs.uk)
these include cancer , renal cysts , kidney stones and ureteral stones , and urinary tract obstruction . (wikipedia.org)
Renal cysts are fluid filled cavities within the kidney tissue itself, which may be small or large and single, or multiple affecting one kidney or both. (netdoctor.co.uk)
Cysts (fluid-filled sacs) can develop in the kidneys and affect how they work. (kidshealth.org)
With small kidney cysts, patients usually don't have any symptom, while small kidney stone can move through urinary tract and be discharged out of the body spontaneously. (amazonaws.com)
However, as they become larger and larger, kidney cysts will compress their surrounding kidney tissues and other organs and kidney stones may block urinary tract. (amazonaws.com)
On one hand, they can shrink all kidney cyst, via increasing the permeability of cystic walls and stopping sac fluid from adding into kidney cysts. (amazonaws.com)
Other kidney problems include acute kidney injury, kidney cysts, kidney stones, and kidney infections. (nih.gov)
They may be associated with a serious condition, but in most cases they are harmless and referred to as simple kidney cysts. (news-medical.net)
These simple cysts do not usually lead to any symptoms or kidney damage, although they can cause problems if they become large enough or start to press on other organs. (news-medical.net)
Some complex cysts may also be removed due to an increased risk of kidney cancer or because the patient is experiencing a decline in kidney function. (news-medical.net)
This type of surgery is employed in case of larger cysts that have developed in the posterior of the kidney. (news-medical.net)
A person with PKD has a large number of cysts that cause scarring of the healthy kidney tissue, which eventually can lead to impaired kidney function. (news-medical.net)
Here, three small incisions are made in the abdomen, small instruments are passed through to the kidney and the cysts removed. (news-medical.net)
It is simply visible under ultrasound as lots of tiny cysts on her liver and kidneys. (netdoctor.co.uk)
So there is a one in two chance that your abdominal ultrasound scan will show cysts in your kidneys or liver. (netdoctor.co.uk)
The kidney cysts grow out of nephrons (tiny filtration units), which make up the kidneys. (netdoctor.co.uk)
The most important consequence of kidney cysts is a possibility that your kidney function will deteriorate over several decades. (netdoctor.co.uk)

two-panel drawing showing the right and left kidneys, the ureters, the bladder filled with urine, and the urethra. (cdc.gov)
The renal pelvis is in the center of the kidney and is responsible for collecting the urine and feeding it into the ureters, two tubes that connect the kidneys with the bladder. (cdc.gov)
From the calyxes, pee travels out of the kidneys through the ureters (YUR-uh-ters) to be stored in the bladder (a muscular sac in the lower belly). (kidshealth.org)
Pee leaves the kidneys and travels through the ureters to the bladder. (kidshealth.org)
A renal ultrasound is a safe and painless test that uses sound waves to make images of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. (kidshealth.org)
The ureters are thin tubes that carry the urine from the kidneys to the bladder. (kidshealth.org)
Doctors order renal ultrasounds when there's a concern about certain types of kidney or bladder problems. (kidshealth.org)
Each kidney is attached to a ureter , a tube that carries excreted urine to the bladder . (wikipedia.org)
The ureters are small tubes that connect the kidneys to the bladder. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
The word renal merely refers to the kidney, and the word cystitis generally denotes inflammation of the bladder usually caused by bacterial infection. (netdoctor.co.uk)
Sometimes a single large cyst can interfere with kidney function or predispose to ascending infection from the bladder further down, which would require specialist treatment. (netdoctor.co.uk)
I wonder if someone has tried to explain your condition by using the unconventional term renal cystitis to denote infection, which has travelled upwards from the bladder to the kidney tissue, a disorder usually known as pyelonephritis. (netdoctor.co.uk)
Usually, kidney stones don't cause symptoms until they move around in the kidney or pass into the ureter (the muscular tube that connects the kidney to the bladder). (kidshealth.org)
Many people suffer from having kidney stones or experience severe pain in the area of the bladder. (amazonaws.com)
In my formula, I also added herbs to reduce kidney and bladder damp heat, namely Pyrrosia Shi Wei, Dianthus Qu Mai and Talcum Hua Shi. (amazonaws.com)
HONG KONG (Reuters) - Ketamine, widely abused as a party drug, has been linked to severe bladder and kidney dysfunction in 10 young adults in Hong Kong, doctors said. (reuters.com)
However, as bladder and kidney damage have not been linked to ketamine anywhere in the world before, the researchers said the disorders may be a result of other toxins that "street ketamine" might be contaminated with. (reuters.com)
Wastes filtered from the blood by the nephrons drain into the ureters, muscular tubes that connect each kidney to the bladder. (dictionary.com)
When your kidneys and bladder are not in good health there are a number of painful symptoms. (ehow.com)
Discover how to treat your bladder and kidney symptoms in this free video series presented by a practicing nephrologist. (ehow.com)
Diabetes can also affect kidneys by damaging the nerves that tell you when your bladder is full. (diabetes.ca)
The pressure from a full bladder can damage the kidneys. (diabetes.ca)
Obstruction at the outlet of the bladder will cause hydronephrosis of both kidneys, because in this case the back pressure is applied equally to both. (medhelp.org)
Kidney infection usually occurred after the infection has gone up from bladder to the kidney, which means it has deteriorated. (google.com)
Each kidney is bean-shaped, with a slit opening - termed the hilus - through which pass the renal artery and vein, the renal nerves and lymphatics, and the ureter, which connects the kidney to the bladder (Fig. 1). (encyclopedia.com)
This is the narrow tube between the kidney and bladder. (womenshealthmag.com)

Having kidney stones. (cdc.gov)
Most problems, such as high blood pressure, pain and UTIs, can be treated with medication, although you may need to have an operation to remove any large kidney stones that develop. (www.nhs.uk)
May 24, 2006 - If life gives you kidney stones kidney stones , make lemonade. (webmd.com)
New research shows that lemonade is an effective -- and delicious -- way for kidney -stone-prone people to slow the development of new stones. (webmd.com)
Kidney stones form when urine in the kidney becomes supersaturated with stone-forming salts -- and when the urine doesn't contain enough stone-preventing substances. (webmd.com)
When made into low-sugar or sugar-free lemonade, Nakada and colleagues found, lemon juice increases the amount of citrate in the urine to levels known to inhibit kidney stones. (webmd.com)
Over the time they drank lemonade they had a lower burden of kidney stones and appeared to form kidney stones at a slower rate than they did before starting lemonade therapy. (webmd.com)
To reduce kidney stones, you have to increase your fluid intake so that you pass 1.5 to 2 liters of urine a day," Stoller said. (webmd.com)
But lemonade alone isn't the answer to kidney stones. (webmd.com)
Are kidney stones painful? (webmd.com)
Kidney stones usually pass on their own without causing any long-term problems. (webmd.com)
American Urological Association: "Kidney Stones. (webmd.com)
Mayo Clinic: "Kidney Stones Definition," "Kidney Stones Symptoms," "Kidney Stones Treatment. (webmd.com)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases: "Treatment for Kidney Stones in Adults. (webmd.com)
National Kidney Foundation: "Kidney Stones," "Kidney Stone Treatment: Shock Wave Lithotripsy," "Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy/Nephrolithotripsy. (webmd.com)
Saint Luke's Health System: "Treating Kidney Stones: Open Surgery. (webmd.com)
Urology Care Foundation: "How Are Kidney Stones Treated? (webmd.com)
What types of prescription drugs can help with kidney stones? (webmd.com)
A summary of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of kidney stones, and scientific review on water intake for the prevention and reduction of health costs in stone disease. (slideshare.net)
2.1 billion (year 2000) Prevalence: 10% worldwide and increasing Kidney stones are also called lithiasis or urolithiasis, while nephrolithiasis refers more precisely to stones located in the kidney. (slideshare.net)
9. High water intake benefits on secondary prevention of kidney stones Increasing water intake to reduce the risk of kidney stones recurrence: Borghi et al, 1996 12,1% 27% 5-year follow-up 5-year follow-up Recruitment of 300 stone formers after 1st episode Increased fluid intake is an effective preventive measure for kidney stones recurrence. (slideshare.net)
Kidney stones happen when minerals form crystals inside the kidneys . (kidshealth.org)
Then they get bigger and become kidney stones. (kidshealth.org)
Kidney stones can move into the urinary tract. (kidshealth.org)
Most kidney stones pass out of the body without causing any damage. (kidshealth.org)
Pain medicine and plenty of fluids help most kids with kidney stones get better. (kidshealth.org)
What Are the Signs & Symptoms of Kidney Stones? (kidshealth.org)
Most kids who get kidney stones have a health condition that increases their risk for them. (kidshealth.org)
Kidney stones mostly affect adults. (kidshealth.org)
Some types of kidney stones run in families, so having a relative with kidney stones can make a person more likely to get them. (kidshealth.org)
Kids who have had kidney stones before are more likely to get them again. (kidshealth.org)
How Are Kidney Stones Diagnosed? (kidshealth.org)
The doctor might ask you to strain your child's pee for a few days to collect the kidney stones. (kidshealth.org)
Kids whose kidney stones block the urinary tract or cause severe pain or dehydration may need care in a hospital. (kidshealth.org)
To get rid of large stones and stones that are damaging the kidneys, doctors can do a procedure to break up the stone. (kidshealth.org)
Can Kidney Stones Be Prevented? (kidshealth.org)
It's not always possible to prevent some types of kidney stones. (kidshealth.org)
If dietary changes don't prevent kidney stones, medicines can help. (kidshealth.org)
Another preventative measure for patients with recurring stones is to pound the area of the kidneys with one's fists on a daily basis. (amazonaws.com)
Jake Fratkin gives us an acupuncture protocol to help pass kidney stones during an acute attack. (amazonaws.com)
Wang tells to me that my PKD has caused some stones produced in my kidney, and eliminating these stones is very important to relieve my back pain and remit my condition. (amazonaws.com)
On the other hand, they can dissolve kidney stones and then these dissolved kidney stones can be discharged out of the body via urine. (amazonaws.com)
He also, talks of an herbal product that he himself has formulated to treat and prevent kidney stones. (amazonaws.com)
This guide was written by Joe Barton, a natural health researcher that created a system to dissolve kidney stones without surgery or risky procedures and you could get relief from using the system in as little as 24 hours, with natural remedies. (slideshare.net)
1. The Kidney Stones Removal Report By Joe Barton. (slideshare.net)
Problems Caused By Kidney Stones While this is a problem that many men will have, women also experience pain from this condition and those who do compare it with a child birth. (slideshare.net)
Next you will find a FAQ or FrequentlyAsked Questions by kidney stones Sufferers and answers what some buyers of theguide might think is confusing. (slideshare.net)
24 hour is on average a short timeto see good results and I should say that 2 days is the average and 3 days thenormal time f rame to get kidney stones dissolved. (slideshare.net)
Other family medical history that may be relevant is that my father once had kidney stones in his mid 40s, and died at the age of 54 from a stroke caused by undiagnosed hypertension (high blood pressure). (netdoctor.co.uk)
These include high blood pressure (hypertension) in 60-100 per cent of sufferers, urinary tract infections , blood in the urine (haematuria) in 50 per cent of sufferers, kidney stones in 25 per cent of sufferers, loin pain, abnormalities of the heart valves in 20 per cent of sufferers and aneurysms within the brain in about 10 per cent of families. (netdoctor.co.uk)
Anyone who has experienced the discomfort of kidney stones is eager to know whether or not they are likely to return. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Although scientists know a lot about how and why kidney stones develop, they are still a relatively common affliction. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Scientists are aware of certain risk factors, but once someone has passed a kidney stone, it remains difficult to predict whether they will experience repeat stones, and if so, when. (medicalnewstoday.com)
By analyzing people most likely to experience repeat kidney stones, they identified some patterns. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Also, a family history of kidney stones and previous pregnancies increase the risk of forming repeat stones. (medicalnewstoday.com)
It found, for instance, that people whose stones appeared in a region of the kidney called the lower pole were more likely to experience repeat stones. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Also, individuals whose kidney stone had a diameter of 3-6 millimeters had a higher risk of repeat stones than those whose stones were smaller or larger than this. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Previously, the scientists developed a tool that helps predict the likelihood of future kidney stones using 11 factors. (medicalnewstoday.com)
How do you get kidney stones? (medicalnewstoday.com)
Kidney stones are clumps of mineral that accumulate on the inner lining of the kidneys. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Kidney stones are abnormal, hard, chemical deposits that form inside the kidneys. (womenshealthmag.com)
Kidney stones are often as small as grains of sand. (womenshealthmag.com)
Some of these larger stones are too big to be flushed from the kidney. (womenshealthmag.com)
Some kidney stones manage to travel into the ureter. (womenshealthmag.com)
Trapped kidney stones can cause many different symptoms. (womenshealthmag.com)
Calcium oxalate stones - These stones account for most kidney stones. (womenshealthmag.com)
Cystine stones - These rare stones are the least common type of kidney stones. (womenshealthmag.com)
Very small kidney stones may pass out of the body in the urine without causing symptoms. (womenshealthmag.com)
Your doctor will want to know about your family history of kidney stones, and whether you have had gout. (womenshealthmag.com)
There are also other possible risk factors such as kidney stones being investigated. (wikipedia.org)

Chronic kidney disease, also called chronic kidney failure, describes the gradual loss of kidney function. (mayoclinic.org)
When chronic kidney disease reaches an advanced stage, dangerous levels of fluid, electrolytes and wastes can build up in your body. (mayoclinic.org)
In the early stages of chronic kidney disease, you may have few signs or symptoms. (mayoclinic.org)
Chronic kidney disease may not become apparent until your kidney function is significantly impaired. (mayoclinic.org)
Treatment for chronic kidney disease focuses on slowing the progression of the kidney damage, usually by controlling the underlying cause. (mayoclinic.org)
Signs and symptoms of chronic kidney disease develop over time if kidney damage progresses slowly. (mayoclinic.org)
Signs and symptoms of kidney disease are often nonspecific, meaning they can also be caused by other illnesses. (mayoclinic.org)
Make an appointment with your doctor if you have any signs or symptoms of kidney disease. (mayoclinic.org)
If you have a medical condition that increases your risk of kidney disease, your doctor is likely to monitor your blood pressure and kidney function with urine and blood tests during regular office visits. (mayoclinic.org)
Chronic kidney disease occurs when a disease or condition impairs kidney function, causing kidney damage to worsen over several months or years. (mayoclinic.org)
these include chronic kidney disease , nephritic and nephrotic syndromes , acute kidney injury , and pyelonephritis . (wikipedia.org)
Kidney failure , also known as end-stage kidney disease , is a medical condition in which the kidneys no longer work. (wikipedia.org)
[6] It is also equivalent to stage 5 chronic kidney disease . (wikipedia.org)
acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease . (wikipedia.org)
other factors that may help differentiate acute kidney injury from chronic kidney disease include anemia and the kidney size on sonography as chronic kidney disease generally leads to anemia and small kidney size. (wikipedia.org)
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can also develop slowly and, initially, show few symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
Acute kidney injuries can be present on top of chronic kidney disease, a condition called acute-on-chronic kidney failure (AoCRF). (wikipedia.org)
Find out how a registered dietitan nutritionist can teach kidney disease patients how to eat the proper nutrients to help prevent progression of the disease. (eatright.org)
Keeping these nutrients in check can help prevent kidney disease from getting worse. (eatright.org)
High FGF23 Levels Double Fall Risk in Older Adults The risk for falls is elevated in older adults with high levels of the FGF23 hormone, such as those with chronic kidney disease, new research shows. (medscape.com)
Early kidney disease usually does not have signs or symptoms. (medlineplus.gov)
It is important for you to get checked for kidney disease if you have the key risk factors - diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, or a family history of kidney failure. (medlineplus.gov)
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) - one of the most common blood tests to check for chronic kidney disease . (medlineplus.gov)
It checks for the cause of kidney disease and how damaged your kidneys are. (medlineplus.gov)
As one of the top kidney research centers in the country, the Kidney Institute gives hope to those with kidney disease. (kumc.edu)
Our research teams identify risk factors that affect the progression of kidney disease and we develop improved treatments. (kumc.edu)
Congratulations to Dr. Jason Stubbs on being awarded a NIH R21 grant titled, "Randomized, Controlled Pilot Study of Rifaximin Therapy in Chronic Kidney Disease. (kumc.edu)
A study published in the Archives of Internal Medicine confirms that eating high fiber foods, such as kidney beans, helps prevent heart disease. (whfoods.com)
What's causing mysterious kidney disease? (cnn.com)
Thousands ill from mysterious kidney disease, but what's the cause? (cnn.com)
Mortality rates from chronic kidney disease in La Isla community are so high that it is now called La Isla de Viudas, or "The Island of Widows. (cnn.com)
He and his 24-year-old son, who worked in the fields for just five years, are both suffering from kidney disease. (cnn.com)
A 29-year-old sugar cane worker who suffers from kidney disease stands in the fields in Chichigalpa. (cnn.com)
La Isla is a nongovernmental organization addressing the increased incidence of kidney disease in the area. (cnn.com)
From 2002 to 2012, 75% of deaths for men ages 35 to 55 in Chichigalpa have been attributed to chronic kidney disease, according to La Isla Foundation. (cnn.com)
She lost her husband and two brothers to kidney disease. (cnn.com)
A father and son who are both sick with kidney disease wade in the water at the beach in Puerto Corinto, a coastal town near Chichigalpa. (cnn.com)
For decades, thousands of farmers in tropical hot spots around the world have suffered from a disease that destroys their kidneys. (cnn.com)
These are some of the end-stage symptoms of chronic kidney disease, known as CKD, a painful disease typically resulting from severe hypertension or diabetes, the most common causes of the condition worldwide. (cnn.com)
The numbers are highest in four equatorial regions around the world -- Central America, Sri Lanka, India and Egypt -- and only recently have the regional epidemics been recognized for their similarities in this unique form of the condition, called chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology, or CKDu. (cnn.com)
What Is Kidney Disease? (kidshealth.org)
Older people usually have kidney disease caused by high blood pressure or diabetes . (kidshealth.org)
Nephrotic syndrome might develop from a disease that affects the kidney or as a part of another disease, such as lupus . (kidshealth.org)
How Is Kidney Disease Diagnosed? (kidshealth.org)
Chronic kidney disease had made Leibowitz, a New Jersey father of five, one of the 100,000 people on the waitlist for a kidney in the U.S. His O-positive blood made it much less likely he'd be one of the lucky 19,000 who actually receives a kidney each year - that wait is usually seven to 10 years. (yahoo.com)
To make sure their kidney health is good, but also that they don't have any other diseases or ailments that could be affecting either their lifespan or their risk for potential kidney disease themselves in the future. (yahoo.com)
With the new results culled from a study called the African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Wright said, many black patients may be able avoid those fates entirely. (latimes.com)
Advanced Medical Inspection EquipmentsThe accurate diagnosis can be a powerful guarantee for the kidney disease treatment While the accurate dialysis needs the support from the advanced medical inspection equipments which achieve world-class level. (amazonaws.com)
Patients BlogIt is such a place where you can share your experience, see the international news about kidney disease and find the answers to the questions bothering. (amazonaws.com)
Since 1986, Shijiazhuang Kidney Disease Hospital of China has been dedicated to providing the highest quality care to Kidney Disease patients all over the world.Learn more about Chinese hospitals. (amazonaws.com)
The Alaska Kidney Patients Association is committed to providing support, education and advocacy for kidney patients and their families, encouraging organ donation, public education and the prevention of kidney disease. (idealist.org)
and the identification and testing of possible treatments to prevent development or halt progression of kidney disease. (nih.gov)
It has been estimated that more than 30 million American adults have chronic kidney disease (CKD). (nih.gov)
The Clearinghouse provides public inquiry response services and health information about kidney disease to people with kidney disease and to their families, health professionals, and the public. (nih.gov)
The National Kidney Disease Education Program (NKDEP) aims to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with kidney disease by promoting evidence-based interventions to improve understanding, detection, and management of kidney disease. (nih.gov)
Kidney disease means your kidneys are damaged and can't filter blood the way they should. (nih.gov)
You are at greater risk for kidney disease if you have diabetes or high blood pressure. (nih.gov)
Common questions and brief answers about the kidneys, chronic kidney disease, and how to reduce your risk. (nih.gov)
Kidney disease usually affects both kidneys. (healthcentral.com)
If the kidneys' ability to remove and regulate water and chemicals is seriously damaged by disease, waste products and excess fluid build up occur, causing severe swelling and symptoms of uremia (kidney failure). (healthcentral.com)
There are many different types and causes of kidney disease. (healthcentral.com)
This disease can be a primary disorder of the kidney or secondary to an illness, affecting many parts of the body (for example diabetes mellitus). (healthcentral.com)
This can cause kidney disease itself or can be a result of a kidney disorder. (healthcentral.com)
Uncontrolled high blood pressure can accelerate the natural course of any underlying kidney disease. (healthcentral.com)
Metabolomics, the study of small molecules the body produces during metabolism (metabolites) may be a future key to identifying diabetes-related kidney disease. (news-medical.net)
Scientists from the University of Sheffield are part of an international collaboration to develop a new class of drugs to treat a common genetic kidney disease which is a major cause of kidney failure. (news-medical.net)
Researchers suggest prediabetes may be a precursor to kidney disease. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Study coauthor Dr. Toralf Melsom, of the Department of Nephrology at University Hospital of North Norway, and colleagues publish their findings in the American Journal of Kidney Disease . (medicalnewstoday.com)
What is more, the researchers found that high FG levels at baseline among these subjects were associated with high levels of the protein albumin in the urine during follow-up - an early sign of kidney disease. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Seeing one is especially important if you have diabetes, kidney disease or heart disease, says Dubost. (dictionary.com)
Their app, Colorimetrix, is accurate enough to monitor conditions such as diabetes, kidney disease, and urinary tract infections. (dictionary.com)
A new website dedicated to people with kidney disease in Wales will be launched later today, offering support to hundreds of families.Kidney Wales Foundation will launch People Like Us Cymru, a patient-led support website today. (causes.com)
The run is in support of the Kidney Wales Foundation - a charity dedicated to tackling kidney disease and investing in patient care and well-being in Wales. (causes.com)
Kidney disease - known as nephropathy - is a serious complication associated with long-term diabetes. (diabetes.ca)
Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney disease in Canada. (diabetes.ca)
as kidney disease progresses, more protein is found in the urine, a condition called proteinuria. (diabetes.ca)
Most people don't experience any symptoms in the early stages of kidney disease, so it is important to be screened regularly to detect kidney problems as early as possible. (diabetes.ca)
A result of less than 60 mL/minute may suggest that you have kidney disease. (diabetes.ca)
If you have kidney disease, you may need to have this test more often. (diabetes.ca)
The development and progression of kidney disease are closely linked to high blood sugar, high blood pressure and smoking. (diabetes.ca)
Learn about kidney disease and how it affects older adults. (nutrition.gov)
Learn ways to talk to your family about the connection between diabetes, high blood pressure, and kidney disease. (nutrition.gov)
Learn about specific kidney conditions, research, and disease management. (nutrition.gov)
You may need to change what you eat to manage your chronic kidney disease. (nutrition.gov)
These steps will help you eat right as you begin to manage your kidney disease. (nutrition.gov)
Every child needs good nutrition, but learning about nutrition is vital for the parents or guardians of a child with kidney disease because the child's diet can affect kidney function. (nutrition.gov)
Long-term lithium therapy is associated with impairment in concentrating ability and, occasionally, progression to advanced chronic kidney disease from tubulointerstitial nephropathy. (hindawi.com)
When your kidneys lose this filtering ability, harmful levels of fluid and waste accumulate in your body, which can raise your blood pressure and result in kidney failure (end-stage kidney disease). (drugs.com)
End-stage renal disease occurs when the kidneys have lost about 90% of their ability to function normally. (drugs.com)
Air pollution is a risk factor for kidney disease development," Dr. Ziyad Al-Aly of the Veterans Affairs St. Louis Health Care System in St. Louis, Missouri, who helped conduct the research, told Reuters Health by phone. (reuters.com)
Vets living in counties with the highest PM levels were more likely to be African-American and to have high blood pressure and diabetes - both of which are also risk factors for kidney disease - as well as heart disease. (reuters.com)
Higher PM concentrations in the air were also associated with an increased risk of end-stage renal disease, in which the kidney can no longer filter blood effectively and a person requires dialysis to stay alive. (reuters.com)
Nearly 45,000 new cases of kidney disease are diagnosed each year in the U.S., and it's possible that some of those might be due to PM 2.5 pollution that exceeds EPA standards, according to the researchers. (reuters.com)
Given the millions of people with and at-risk for kidney disease who are impacted by air pollution, this has serious public health implications. (reuters.com)
Unfortunately, as of yet there have been no large scale studies proving that these measures can prevent actual heart, lung or other adverse health effects (like kidney disease). (reuters.com)
In case you haven't heard, it's World Kidney Day, a time to spread awareness of kidney disease and treatment options like transplants. (huffingtonpost.com)
Michelle, a dialysis tech who had seen the effects of kidney disease, donated to a stranger who is now "like family. (huffingtonpost.com)
Kidney cancer develops most often in people over 40, but no one knows the exact causes of this disease. (daviddarling.info)
Nephrology is the medical specialty which addresses diseases of kidney function: these include chronic kidney disease, nephritic and nephrotic syndromes, acute kidney injury, and pyelonephritis. (wikipedia.org)
Factors that increase the risk of kidney cancer include smoking, high blood pressure, obesity, faulty genes, a family history of kidney cancer, having kidney disease that needs dialysis, being infected with hepatitis C, and previous treatment for testicular cancer or cervical cancer. (wikipedia.org)

The kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped organs located toward the back of the abdominal cavity, just above the waist. (kidshealth.org)
The black-and-white images show the internal structure of the kidneys and related organs. (kidshealth.org)
The kidneys are 2 bean-shaped organs located on either side of the back of the body, just underneath the ribcage. (www.nhs.uk)
The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs found in vertebrates . (wikipedia.org)
Surface projections of the organs of the trunk , showing kidneys at the level of T12 to L3. (wikipedia.org)
The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. (kidshealth.org)
But if we make an exception for kidneys, does that weaken the taboo and make it more likely that markets will develop in other organs? (motherjones.com)
In a front-page exposé, the newspaper has revealed how the demand for replacement organs is allegedly fuelling an illegal network of organ traffickers, making huge profits by buying kidneys from vulnerable individuals in developing countries and selling them on to wealthy people desperate for transplants. (www.nhs.uk)
The practice of selling kidneys and organs is illegal in many countries, and comes with great financial and medical risks. (www.nhs.uk)
Transplantable organs such as a kidney, heart or lung are surgically removed and transferred to the person in need of the organ through an operation. (www.nhs.uk)
According to experts, kidneys are estimated to make up 75% of the global illicit trade in organs. (www.nhs.uk)
The kidneys are a pair of organs that are found on either side of the spine, just below the rib cage in the back. (kidshealth.org)
The kidneys also produce hormones and vitamins that affect the function of other organs. (healthcentral.com)
The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs located just below the ribs, near the back. (diabetes.ca)
The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs located on each side of the spine just below the rib cage. (drugs.com)
The sale of organs in Pakistan is unregulated, and thousands of people offer kidneys for sale every year. (telegraph.co.uk)
Still, Dr. Aly-Aly said, studies in animals have shown that particles breathed into the lungs can reach the kidneys via the bloodstream, causing inflammation and oxidative stress within the blood-filtering organs. (reuters.com)
The kidneys are a pair of organs on either side of the spine in the lower abdomen . (daviddarling.info)

In most cases, preemptive kidney transplants are performed with living-donor kidneys. (mayoclinic.org)
It is not surprising that the demand for donor kidneys continually outpaces the supply. (hindawi.com)

Every year, more than 41,000 men and 24,000 women get kidney and renal pelvis cancers, and about 9,000 men and 5,000 women die from these diseases. (cdc.gov)
Chronic renal failure is usually the result of prolonged diseases of the kidney. (britannica.com)
Our mission is to support basic, clinical and translational research leading to major advances in the prevention and treatment of kidney diseases. (kumc.edu)
If you might have a kidney condition, you'll probably visit a pediatric nephrologist (pronounced: neh-FROL-uh-jist), a doctor who specializes in treating kidney diseases. (kidshealth.org)
In addition, NIDDK received congressional authorization for the National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse . (nih.gov)
These diseases are numerous, the general term being nephritis (meaning inflammation of the kidney). (healthcentral.com)
Unfortunately, the cause of many kidney diseases is still unknown, but controlling high blood pressure and diabetes can reduce the risk of many kidney diseases. (healthcentral.com)
Diseases of the kidney are common in people with diabetes. (diabetes.ca)
Find information on kidney diseases, plus resources for treatment, management, and how diet plays a role. (nutrition.gov)
For people with the abnormal VHL gene, doctors may suggest ways to improve the detection of kidney cancer and other diseases before symptoms develop. (daviddarling.info)

What Are the Symptoms of Kidney and Renal Pelvis Cancers? (cdc.gov)
A person with kidney or renal pelvis cancer may or may not have one or more of the symptoms listed here. (cdc.gov)
Because your kidneys are highly adaptable and able to compensate for lost function, signs and symptoms may not appear until irreversible damage has occurred. (mayoclinic.org)
On rare occasions, kidney failure can occur without apparent symptoms. (britannica.com)
She has no symptoms, normal blood pressure (indeed low for her age and always has been at currently 120-130 over 88) and her liver/kidney function tests and son on were normal. (netdoctor.co.uk)
While the risk factors for acute and chronic kidney failure are different, their symptoms are similar. (petfinder.com)
At that point, and for the first several years, my kidney function was high and I had no symptoms. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
If you do not have any symptoms and you find a small kidney stone in your urine, strain out the stone and save it for your doctor. (womenshealthmag.com)
Early on kidney masses do not typically cause any symptoms and are undetectable on physical examination. (wikipedia.org)

[1] It is divided into acute kidney failure (cases that develop rapidly) and chronic kidney failure (those that are long term). (wikipedia.org)
Flood was diagnosed with chronic kidney failure in August 2007. (nypost.com)
The destruction can eventually progress to chronic kidney failure. (healthcentral.com)
She was diagnosed with chronic kidney failure 2 weeks back when her creatinine was 8. (medhelp.org)
CLICK ON GROUPS and it will open up a forum to the 'CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE IN DOGS' please go into this forum for help with your little guy. (medhelp.org)

Let the doctor know about any family history of kidney problems, diabetes, or high blood pressure. (kidshealth.org)
Conditions such as high blood pressure and diabetes take a toll on kidney function by damaging these filtering units and collecting tubules and causing scarring. (mayoclinic.org)
In addition to lowering cholesterol, kidney beans' high fiber content prevents blood sugar levels from rising too rapidly after a meal, making these beans an especially good choice for individuals with diabetes, insulin resistance or hypoglycemia. (whfoods.com)
Damage to the kidneys can occur in people who have had diabetes for many years, particularly if the diabetes is not well controlled. (kidshealth.org)
Long standing diabetes can lead to kidney failure. (healthcentral.com)
around 30% of people with type 1 diabetes and 10-40% of those with type 2 diabetes will go on to experience kidney failure. (medicalnewstoday.com)
But new research finds that even before a diabetes diagnosis, higher-than-normal blood sugar levels could be causing kidney damage. (medicalnewstoday.com)
In fact, up to 50% of people with diabetes demonstrate signs of kidney damage in their lifetime, but good diabetes management and regular screening can prevent or delay the loss of kidney function. (diabetes.ca)
How does diabetes affect the kidneys? (diabetes.ca)
If you have diabetes, you should have your kidneys checked by having your urine tested for protein. (diabetes.ca)
This test is called an ACR (albumin/creatinine ratio) which is a urine test usually done to see if your kidneys have any damage from your diabetes. (diabetes.ca)
These tests for your kidneys are usually checked when you are first diagnosed with diabetes, and then once per year after that. (diabetes.ca)

The organization, which has already facilitated 626 transplants to date, was founded in 2007 by Rabbi Yeshayahu Heber after he found himself needing a kidney, finding a donor and then setting out to help others who were in the same predicament. (ynetnews.com)
They were among three pairs of kidney donors and recipients who met at the hospital to learn who had been matched together in their recent transplants. (sun-sentinel.com)
This is because, in the United States, transplants of compatible live kidneys have about equal graft survival probabilities, regardless of the closeness of tissue types between patient and donor (unless there is a rare perfect match). (repec.org)
Our expert surgeons have performed more than 3,000 kidney transplants, and have achieved some of the best graft and patient survival rates in the country. (massgeneral.org)
Mass General performs significantly more kidney transplants than other Massachusetts institutions. (massgeneral.org)
I think the prognosis is excellent because most of the problems with kidney transplants are within six months to a year (after the operation),' he said. (sun-sentinel.com)

What Are the Kidneys and Urinary Tract? (kidshealth.org)
The kidneys are the part of the urinary tract that makes urine (pee). (kidshealth.org)
After the kidneys make urine, it leaves the body using the rest of the urinary tract as a pathway. (kidshealth.org)
How Do the Kidneys and Urinary Tract Work? (kidshealth.org)
What Can Help Keep the Kidneys and Urinary Tract Healthy? (kidshealth.org)
Causes of acute kidney failure include low blood pressure , blockage of the urinary tract , certain medications, muscle breakdown , and hemolytic uremic syndrome . (wikipedia.org)
Infective disorders of the kidney are dealt with later, as part of the general problem of infection of the urinary tract. (britannica.com)

A recessed area on the concave border is the renal hilum , where the renal artery enters the kidney and the renal vein and ureter leave. (wikipedia.org)
A small telescope is passed into the ureter through to the kidney, where a laser is used to make a cut in the cyst and open it so that it can be drained. (news-medical.net)
Obstruction in one ureter, as from a stone, will affect only the kidney on that side. (medhelp.org)
The deeper part of the kidney, the medulla, consists of a number (6-18) of conical pyramids, the tips of which ( papillae ) project into the funnel-shaped urine collectors - the renal calyxes (calices) - which merge to form the funnel-shaped upper end of the ureter - the renal pelvis. (encyclopedia.com)
But an ultrasound can show swelling of the kidney and/or ureter which indicates that the stone is obstructing urine flow. (womenshealthmag.com)
When a kidney stone becomes trapped in the ureter, it may remain there until your doctor removes it. (womenshealthmag.com)

ADPKD is the most common inherited condition to affect the kidneys, although it's still relatively uncommon. (www.nhs.uk)

Kidney was an international journal that offered readers a review of current literature focusing on nephrology. (springer.com)

This infection of the kidney causes a high temperature with rigors (vigorous shaking), backache and abdominal tenderness. (netdoctor.co.uk)
The infection can create a scar and injure the kidneys. (kidshealth.org)
The doctor will want to do urine tests and blood tests to look for signs of structural issues, an infection, glomerulonephritis, or nephrotic syndrome, and to check how well your kidneys are working. (kidshealth.org)
Also, I had previously had a serious bacterial infection in my kidneys, leading to a chronic damp heat condition. (amazonaws.com)
Lonicera Jin Yin Hua inhibits infection, which often accompanies the damage of a kidney stone. (amazonaws.com)
This usually involves some malformation of the genitourinary tract, usually leading to some type of obstruction which subsequently produces infection and/or destruction of kidney tissue. (healthcentral.com)
Stone formation can be an inherited disorder, secondary to a malformation and/or infection in the kidney, or can occur without any prior problem. (healthcentral.com)
Amelia was released on July 12 with a "strong, working kidney," then re-admitted for an infection, but was finally sent home 24 days after the surgery, Chrissy Rivera says in the post dated today. (usatoday.com)
Please see a doctor if you think you may have a kidney infection. (google.com)

During the examination, an ultrasound machine sends sound waves into the kidney area and images are recorded on a computer. (kidshealth.org)
A technician (sonographer) trained in ultrasound imaging will spread a clear, warm gel on your child's abdomen over the kidney area. (kidshealth.org)
Imaging tests, such as an ultrasound - provide pictures of the kidneys. (medlineplus.gov)
X-rays, a computed tomography (CT) scan, ultrasound or blood tests may be done to determine how badly your child's kidney is damaged. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
Investigation would entail ultrasound scans and special kidney X-rays known as intravenous pyelograms . (netdoctor.co.uk)
One test commonly used to detect kidney conditions is a renal ultrasound . (kidshealth.org)
Due to the increase in ultrasound and CT imaging for nonspecific abdominal complaints, kidney masses are frequently incidentally diagnosed on medical imaging. (wikipedia.org)

Furthermore, the experience of these surgeons suggests to them that patient and surgeon preferences over kidneys should be 0-1, i.e. that patients and surgeons should be indifferent among kidneys from healthy donors whose kidneys are compatible with the patient. (repec.org)
Renal dialysis is a treatment for people whose kidneys do not work well. (daviddarling.info)

Kidney function will gradually deteriorate until so much is lost that kidney failure occurs. (www.nhs.uk)
Some people experience kidney failure soon after the condition is diagnosed, whereas others may live the rest of their life with their kidneys working relatively well. (www.nhs.uk)
On average, around half of people with ADPKD require treatment for kidney failure by the time they're 60. (www.nhs.uk)
As well as kidney failure, ADPKD can also cause a number of other potentially serious problems, such as heart attacks and strokes caused by high blood pressure, or bleeding on the brain (subarachnoid haemorrhage) caused by a bulge in the wall of a blood vessel in the brain (brain aneurysm) . (www.nhs.uk)
Tragically, 2 years ago, Uncle Ron passed away, leaving his sweetheart in the throes of end stage kidney failure. (google.com)
Concern: I don't want my living donor to face a kidney failure later in life. (google.com)
The estimated risk of kidney failure at 15 years after donation is about 3 per 1,000 donors. (google.com)
Kidney failure , also called renal failure , partial or complete loss of kidney function. (britannica.com)
Kidney failure is classified as acute (when the onset is sudden) or chronic. (britannica.com)
Acute kidney failure results in reduced output of urine , rapidly and abnormally increased levels of nitrogenous substances, potassium , sulfates, and phosphates in the blood , and abnormally low blood levels of sodium, calcium, and carbon dioxide ( see uremia ). (britannica.com)
Complications that arise from kidney failure include heart failure , pulmonary edema, and an overabundance of potassium in the body. (britannica.com)
Treatment when failure of both kidneys occurs usually requires dialysis by means of an artificial kidney machine. (britannica.com)
In cases of less severe kidney failure, this process allows the kidney tissue time to rest and repair itself. (britannica.com)
When a person's kidneys stop working, it's called kidney failure . (kidshealth.org)
Someone who has kidney failure can develop a number of health problems because the body can't get rid of excess water and waste products. (kidshealth.org)
This despite higher rates of high blood pressure and kidney failure among that population. (latimes.com)
CKD, especially if undetected, can progress to irreversible kidney failure. (nih.gov)
Minority populations, particularly African Americans, Hispanic and Latino Americans, and American Indians and Alaska Natives, bear a disproportionate burden of CKD and kidney failure. (nih.gov)
About 50 per cent of sufferers have kidney failure by the age of 60. (netdoctor.co.uk)
In an analysis of clinical information on older living kidney donors, hypertension was linked with a higher risk of developing kidney failure. (news-medical.net)
One went into acute kidney failure and all of them had evidence of liver damage as well," the doctors from two public hospitals in Hong Kong wrote. (reuters.com)
The Company's patented and proprietary dietary supplements, Renadyl™ (for humans) and Azodyl® for cats and dogs with moderate to severe kidney failure (a veterinary formulation licensed to Vetoquinol http://www.vetoquinolusa.com/ ) consists of a combination of three specific probiotic microbial strains and chosen prebiotics. (prnewswire.com)
Higher GFR is a sign of hyperfiltration - a kidney abnormality that can lead to kidney damage and failure over time. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The one with the fever and the rash and the kidney failure that eventually killed her? (dictionary.com)
Which Path is Most Beneficial for People with Kidney Failure? (mayoclinic.org)
my 15 yr old dachshund was diagnosed with kidney failure last night, he is on 250cc X2 a day sub Q. Anti nausea and appti increase meds. (medhelp.org)
I explained to the vet and she said can just be kidney failure period. (medhelp.org)
First of all, there is an entity called HIV-associated nephropathy ('HIVAN') that can cause kidney failure. (thebody.com)
Previous renal failure and drugs used to prevent organ rejection irrevocably damaged her kidneys. (usatoday.com)

Kidney , in vertebrates and some invertebrates, organ that maintains water balance and expels metabolic wastes. (britannica.com)
The more advanced kidney (metanephros) of adult reptiles, birds, and mammals is a paired compact organ whose functional units, called nephrons , filter initial urine from the blood , reabsorb water and nutrients, and secrete wastes, producing the final urine, which is expelled. (britannica.com)
Three savvy New York women, desperate to help their ailing dad find a kidney, found an organ donor amid the used-car ads, garage sales and personals on Craigslist. (nypost.com)
Many organ market critics may be unaware of the fact that the risks of donating a kidney (the main proposed organ market) are actually very small….If it is somehow wrong to allow poor people to assume these very minor risks in exchange for pay, why should they be allowed to brave vastly greater dangers for money? (motherjones.com)
Given the minimal risks of organ donation, it is highly likely that kidney markets will actually benefit poor donors far more than they could conceivably harm them. (motherjones.com)
The Guardian article reports that an organ broker in China advertised his services using the slogan "donate a kidney, buy an iPad", adding that the operation could be performed within 10 days. (www.nhs.uk)
Purchasing a kidney from the black market offers no guarantees about the quality of the organ supplied or patient safety. (www.nhs.uk)
The most common organ donated by a living person is a kidney, as a healthy donor can continue to lead a normal life with only one functioning kidney. (www.nhs.uk)
To bridge the distance between the kidney and the skin, a sleeve is placed into the organ. (news-medical.net)
They would not confirm media reports a kidney was the affected organ and would not talk about the patient's condition, claiming that "federal and state confidentiality laws" prohibit them from being specific. (nypost.com)
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most common cause of organ dysfunction in critically ill adults, with a single episode of AKI, regardless of stage, carrying a significant morbidity and mortality risk. (biomedcentral.com)

Six donors and recipients in a triple kidney swap meet and talk about their experiences at the University of Maryland Medical Center. (latimes.com)
Doctors at Beilinson Hospital performed an extraordinary 8-way kidney surgery involving 4 donors and 4 recipients brought together by Matnat Chaim, dedicated to encouraging altruistic kidney donations. (ynetnews.com)
In Israel, there is an interconnected group of people who, only a short while ago, were complete strangers but are now organically connected after an unprecedented operation in which four willing donors shared one of their kidneys with four recipients who desperately needed them, saving their lives. (ynetnews.com)
He isn't the first person to try such an unorthodox method , but only about 3 percent of kidney recipients in 2014 had donations from a living stranger. (yahoo.com)
The pairs register with organizations such as the National Kidney Registry that match living kidney donors with recipients from a vast database of other incompatible pairs. (hopkinsmedicine.org)

Renal physiology is the study of kidney function . (wikipedia.org)
The acute part of AoCRF may be reversible, and the goal of treatment, as with AKI, is to return the patient to baseline kidney function, typically measured by serum creatinine . (wikipedia.org)
If one kidney is removed, the other increases in size and function to handle the overload. (britannica.com)
A major class of blood-pressure medication works as well in black patients as their white counterparts and could spare kidney function in those who take it, doctors reported last week. (latimes.com)
Whether kidney function is lost suddenly or slowly represents an important health challenge. (nih.gov)
A major function of the kidneys is to remove waste products and excess fluid from the body. (healthcentral.com)
He or she may recommend blood tests and certain urine tests, which can provide much information about your kidney function. (healthcentral.com)
There is no specific cure for PKD, but treatment aimed at its complications is very effective these days and can reduce the damage done to kidney function. (netdoctor.co.uk)
A common metric for monitoring kidney health may not accurately represent the kidney function of Indian patients. (news-medical.net)
Kibow's novel 'uremic toxin removal technology' addresses the diffusion of various uremic toxins into the bowel as a consequence of failing kidney function. (prnewswire.com)
GFR is a kidney function test that measures how much blood passes through the glomeruli - the small filters in the kidneys that filter waste from the blood - every minute. (medicalnewstoday.com)
A transplanted kidney performs 100% of a kidney's function. (mayoclinic.org)
Another test used to check your kidney function is the estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR). (diabetes.ca)
Your doctor may prescribe an ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitor or an ARB (angiotensin receptor blocker) to help manage your blood pressure and slow the loss of kidney function. (diabetes.ca)
Acute kidney injury (AKI) complicates recovery from cardiac surgery in up to 30 % of patients, injures and impairs the function of the brain, lungs, and gut, and places patients at a 5-fold increased risk of d. (biomedcentral.com)
Neil's kidney function dropped to 11 percent in April 2017, a level that meant he would soon need dialysis. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Miami Dolphins wide receiver Cris Carter will be sidelined indefinitely after tests revealed kidney-function abnormalities, the team said yesterday. (washingtonpost.com)
The risk that the veterans' kidney function would worsen over time rose in tandem with the level of pollution they were exposed to at the study's outset. (reuters.com)
The function of the kidneys is to produce urine, a fluid of variable volume and composition (within limits), depending on the need of the body to excrete or conserve water or solutes. (encyclopedia.com)
LeDoux Leather produces kidney belts that offer durability and function. (mcssl.com)

The inside of the left kidney shows the renal pelvis. (cdc.gov)
Right: gross anatomical structures within the kidney (midsagittal cut, left kidney). (wikipedia.org)
[2] The asymmetry within the abdominal cavity, caused by the position of the liver , typically results in the right kidney being slightly lower and smaller than the left, and being placed slightly more to the middle than the left kidney. (wikipedia.org)
Right: transverse section through the left kidney. (wikipedia.org)
Left Kidney pain. (medhelp.org)
She was just told that she has and enlarged left kidney and it was failing. (medhelp.org)
The left kidney sits below the diaphragm and posterior to the spleen. (wikipedia.org)
For the left kidney, it is next to the spleen. (wikipedia.org)

A child's kidney is more likely to be injured than an adult's kidney because there is less protection from the bones and muscle around it. (cincinnatichildrens.org)

An MRI of the kidneys provides noninvasive evidence that strengthens the diagnosis of lithium-induced nephropathy. (hindawi.com)
What was your first symptom leading you to a diagnosis of MSK (Medullary Sponge Kidney Dise. (medhelp.org)
Since there is a large differential diagnosis for a kidney tumor, the first step is to characterize the mass with medical imaging to assess its likelihood of being benign or malignant. (wikipedia.org)

The outflow of urine from the kidneys gets blocked and causes kidney damage. (kidshealth.org)

In 2017, 5,811 people received a kidney from a living donor, saving only 20 percent of those waiting for one. (hopkinsmedicine.org)

Urine is made in the kidneys and it passes through the ureters. (cincinnatichildrens.org)

Smoking is the most important risk factor for kidney and renal pelvis cancers. (cdc.gov)
Being on dialysis for many years is a risk factor for kidney cancer. (daviddarling.info)

Each adult kidney contains around 1 million nephrons. (wikipedia.org)
Each adult human kidney contains around 1 million nephrons, while a mouse kidney contains only about 12,500 nephrons. (wikipedia.org)

The artery then branches so blood can get to the nephrons (NEH-fronz) - 1 million tiny filtering units in each kidney that remove the harmful substances from the blood. (kidshealth.org)
Each kidney contains 1,000,000-1,250,000 nephrons that filter the entire five-quart water content of the blood every 45 minutes-an equivalent of 160 quarts a day. (britannica.com)
Each kidney contains about one million functioning units, called nephrons. (healthcentral.com)
Each kidney has about one million nephrons, and the total length of the nephrons in the body is about 100 miles! (encyclopedia.com)
Nephrons, the urine-producing functional structures of the kidney, span the cortex and medulla. (wikipedia.org)

When treating patients in our kidney stone center, we put everyone on lemonade therapy," says Steven Y. Nakada, chair and professor of urology at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. (webmd.com)
Kang and colleagues followed 12 kidney-stone patients who had been on lemonade therapy for up to four years. (webmd.com)
Highlights from ASN's Kidney Week 2019 include results from the CREDENCE trial showing benefit from the SGLT2 inhibitor canagliflozin for patients with established diabetic nephropathy. (medscape.com)
The risk of a second kidney cancer is highest in patients who were diagnosed before age 50. (cancer.org)
Many elderly patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma-who are often underrepresented in clinical trials to treat the kidney cancer-are seeing overall survival benefits from treatment with targeted therapies, according to a new study from Penn Medicine researchers published this month in JAMA Network Open. (news-medical.net)
In a recent clinical trial of higher risk patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, a restrictive approach to blood cell transfusions resulted in fewer transfusions without putting patients at increased risk of acute kidney injury. (news-medical.net)
All the money raised from this appeal will go to supporting kidney patients and their families in Wales. (causes.com)
Acute kidney injury is probably the most frequent syndrome observed in critically ill patients carrying significant implications with regard to morbidity, mortality as well as long term outcome. (biomedcentral.com)

The kidneys also help regulate blood pressure, the level of salts in the blood, and the acid-base balance (the pH) of the blood. (kidshealth.org)
The kidneys also help to regulate blood pressure, red blood cell production, and the body's calcium and other mineral levels. (kidshealth.org)
In addition, other hormones produced by the kidneys help regulate blood pressure and others help control calcium metabolism. (healthcentral.com)

Kidney cancer newly affected about 403,300 people and resulted in 175,000 deaths globally in 2018. (wikipedia.org)

The kidneys make urine, which is how the body washes liquid waste out of the body. (cdc.gov)
Your kidneys filter extra water and wastes out of your blood and make urine. (nih.gov)

The body has two kidneys, one on each side of the body, located behind the liver and stomach. (cdc.gov)
The right kidney sits just below the diaphragm and posterior to the liver . (wikipedia.org)
Center: longitudinal section though the center of the kidneys - the liver partially covers the right kidney. (wikipedia.org)
The superior pole of the right kidney is adjacent to the liver. (wikipedia.org)

Your kidneys filter wastes and excess fluids from your blood, which are then excreted in your urine. (mayoclinic.org)
The kidneys regulate fluid balance in the body and filter out wastes from the blood in the form of urine. (dictionary.com)

Blood travels to each kidney through the renal artery . (kidshealth.org)
The artery enters the kidney at the hilus (HY-luss), the indentation in middle of the kidney that gives it its bean shape. (kidshealth.org)
Obstruction may be from a urinary stone, a tumor, a blood clot, inflammatory narrowing or external pressure from any cause, including an abnormally placed artery to the kidney. (medhelp.org)

One of the main functions of the kidneys is the removal from the body (excretion) of waste products such as urea, uric acid , and creatinine. (encyclopedia.com)

The center part of the kidney, the medulla (meh-DUH-luh), has fan-shaped structures called pyramids . (kidshealth.org)
Mammalian kidneys have a somewhat granular outer section (the cortex ), containing the glomeruli and convoluted tubules, and a smooth, somewhat striated inner section (the medulla ), containing the loops of Henle and the collecting tubules. (britannica.com)
The functional substance, or parenchyma, of the kidney is divided into two major structures: the outer renal cortex and the inner renal medulla. (wikipedia.org)

For this latest study, the team measured the GFR, fasting glucose (FG) levels and/or HbA1c levels of 1,324 adults aged 50-62 in order to gain a better understanding of whether prediabetes is linked to kidney damage. (medicalnewstoday.com)
In some villages, most able-bodied adults have sold a kidney. (telegraph.co.uk)
The most common type of kidney cancer in adults is renal cell cancer. (smartdraw.com)

It can also be called renal cell cancer as that is the most common type of kidney and renal pelvis cancer. (cdc.gov)
Treatment depends on the type of kidney stone and its size. (kidshealth.org)
Depending on the type of kidney stone your child had, the doctor can prescribe treatments or medicines to lower the levels of crystal-forming substances in the pee. (kidshealth.org)
Wilms tumor, which is a type of kidney cancer that usually develops in children under the age of 5. (smartdraw.com)
More than 60% of renal cell carcinoma (the most common type of kidney cancer), are diagnosed incidentally by abdominal imaging for nonspecific abdominal complaints. (wikipedia.org)

People usually have two kidneys, but can live a normal, healthy life with just one. (kidshealth.org)
Kidneys have many jobs, from filtering blood and making urine to keeping bones healthy and making a hormone that controls the production of red blood cells. (kidshealth.org)
A healthy kidney (left) eliminates waste from the blood and maintains the body's normal chemical balance. (mayoclinic.org)
You have two healthy kidneys. (google.com)
Normal, healthy kidneys filter about 200 quarts of blood each day, generating about 2 quarts of excess fluid, salts, and waste products that are excreted as urine. (nih.gov)
State health officials said yesterday that they are probing a Westchester hospital after surgeons removed a healthy kidney instead of a cancer-riddled one from a patient this week. (nypost.com)
If a person is healthy but not a match for an intended recipient, a paired kidney exchange , also known as a kidney swap, matches an incompatible donor/recipient pair with another incompatible donor/recipient pair. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Kidney donors can have children after donating, excel in sports, drink alcohol (a question my fun-loving friends seemed to ask a lot), and live a long, healthy life. (huffingtonpost.com)
In fact, a study by researchers at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine showed we tend to live as long -- or longer -- than the general population (though of course, if you're healthy enough to donate a kidney, you're healthier than the general population). (huffingtonpost.com)

The risk of complications from kidney donation is low, although as with any major surgery there are risks involved. (google.com)
According to Israeli law, a kidney donation must be either from a relative or through an altruistic kidney donor. (ynetnews.com)
Could a bank ask a bankruptcy judge to demand a kidney donation in order to pay off a loan? (motherjones.com)
But because the two men hope they can make live kidney donation seem so commonplace that one day no one will care about a story like theirs. (yahoo.com)
Two of his sons have potential kidney issues as well, so a donation from a family member (the most common solution) was eventually ruled out. (yahoo.com)
He called every single one of them back to tell them his story, explain the process of kidney donation, and eliminate the "flakes," as he called them. (yahoo.com)
Desai believes lack of awareness about the impact of kidney donation - for the donor and recipient - is the main culprit behind the shortage of living kidney donors. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
People don't realize that living kidney donation is an extremely safe procedure. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
A myth about donation is that a willing donor and recipient have to match in order for someone get a kidney. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Kidney Donation Ornaments make for brilliantly simple gifts in the present, and promise to be meaningful keepsakes for memories in the years to come. (cafepress.com)

Kidney Stone Treatment: What Should I Expect? (webmd.com)
I created AMBER STONE FORMULA as a variation on PASSWAN, a Chinese patent medicine for the treatment of kidney stone from Bai Yun Shan Pharmaceutical Manufactory in Guangzhou. (amazonaws.com)
This procedure is the treatment of choice for cases where a cyst can be accessed from the part of the kidney basin involved in draining. (news-medical.net)
Kidney infections are a serious condition and require immediate medical treatment. (google.com)
It is different from adult kidney cancer and requires different treatment. (smartdraw.com)

Does anybody have kidney disorders (such as MSK) along with their ovarian cyst and or ov. (medhelp.org)
A kidney cyst is a fluid-filled sac that develops on one or both of the kidneys. (news-medical.net)
A complex kidney cyst is a cyst that has a more irregular shape or thicker walls than a simple cyst. (news-medical.net)
Endoscopic instruments are then guided through the sleeve and into the kidney so that the cyst can be opened and a large portion of the wall removed under X-ray guidance. (news-medical.net)
If you have PKD then there will be a tendency for your kidneys to enlarge over several decades and become damaged by cyst formation within them. (netdoctor.co.uk)

The kidney is a bean -shaped structure with a convex and a concave border. (wikipedia.org)

Each adult kidney is about the size of a fist. (kidshealth.org)
A normal human kidney is the size of an adult fist. (eurekalert.org)
Despite their small size, the two kidneys receive an enormous blood flow - about 1.2 litres/min in an adult - which is a quarter of the total output of the heart (5 litres/min). (encyclopedia.com)

To lower your risk of kidney and renal pelvis cancers, don't smoke, or quit if you do. (cdc.gov)
What Causes Kidney and Renal Pelvis Cancers? (cdc.gov)
How Can I Reduce My Risk for Kidney and Renal Pelvis Cancers? (cdc.gov)
See rates or numbers of new kidney and renal pelvis cancers or kidney and renal pelvis cancer deaths for the entire United States and individual states. (cdc.gov)
See rates or numbers of new kidney and renal pelvis cancers or kidney and renal pelvis cancer deaths by race/ethnicity, sex, and age group. (cdc.gov)
Kidney cancer includes renal cell carcinoma (cancer that forms in the lining of very small tubes in the kidney that filter the blood and remove waste products) and renal pelvis carcinoma (cancer that forms in the center of the kidney where urine collects). (smartdraw.com)
Urine collects in a hollow space (renal pelvis) in the middle of each kidney. (daviddarling.info)

Oddly enough, a persistently popular topic of conversation in the blogosphere concerns the ethics of paying people to donate kidneys. (motherjones.com)

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common and is associated with serious short- and long-term complications. (biomedcentral.com)
Unless they are causing complications, your own kidneys are left in place. (drugs.com)

March 14, 2019 /PRNewswire/ -- Kibow Biotech is pleased to announce that it will mark World Kidney Day, March 14, 2019 , with a significant social media campaign to increase awareness of the importance of maintaining good kidney health. (prnewswire.com)

The kidney participates in the control of the volume of various body fluid compartments, fluid osmolality , acid-base balance , various electrolyte concentrations, and removal of toxins . (wikipedia.org)
The kidneys also regulate the amount of fluid and salts in the body and are important in controlling blood pressure. (diabetes.ca)
I think you need to talk with your vet,YOU ARE CORRECT to wonder about the sodium in the fluids, perhaps your vet doesn't realize SALT IS NOT what your guy needs,I am not the 'expert' on kidneys but do believe SALINE SOLUTION is what is used,not the sodium and as you saw,either is plain to see on the fluid bag. (medhelp.org)

These waste products flow to the kidneys, which sort out what isn't needed and remove it through miniature filtering units called glomeruli (pronounced: glow-MARE-you-lye). (kidshealth.org)

Anatomy35

Organisms17

Diseases56

Chemicals and Drugs51

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment53

Phenomena and Processes39

Disciplines and Occupations3

Information Science6

Named Groups2

Health Care18

Geographicals1

Lead and mercury residues in kidney and liver of Canadian slaughter animals. (1/37740)

Infleuce of dietary levels of vitamin E and selenium on tissue and blood parameters in pigs. (2/37740)

Pathological changes in chickens, ducks and turkeys fed high levels of rapeseed oil. (3/37740)

Effect of sex difference on the in vitro and in vivo metabolism of aflatoxin B1 by the rat. (4/37740)

Intrarenal site of action of calcium on renin secretion in dogs. (5/37740)

Acute renal failure caused by nephrotoxins. (6/37740)

Perinatal nephropathies. (7/37740)

Determination of human body burden baseline date of platinum through autopsy tissue analysis. (8/37740)

Kidney

Kidney Diseases

Kidney Transplantation

Kidney Tubules

Kidney Cortex

Acute Kidney Injury

Kidney Failure, Chronic

Polycystic Kidney Diseases

Kidney Glomerulus

Kidney Neoplasms

Kidney Tubules, Proximal

Kidney Function Tests

Kidney Medulla

Kidney Calculi

Kidney Tubules, Collecting

Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant

Glomerular Filtration Rate

Kidney Diseases, Cystic

Kidney Concentrating Ability

Kidney Tubules, Distal

Creatinine

Nephrectomy

Nephrons

Tissue Distribution

Kidney Tubular Necrosis, Acute

Ureter

Dogs

Liver

Proteinuria

Time Factors

Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney

Cell Line

Graft Survival

Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive

Tissue Donors

Graft Rejection

RNA, Messenger

Kidneys, Artificial

Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Ureteral Obstruction

TRPP Cation Channels

Renal Circulation

Molecular Sequence Data

Living Donors

Diabetic Nephropathies

Organ Specificity

Renal Insufficiency

Disease Models, Animal

Chronic Disease

Hydronephrosis

Renal Artery

Reperfusion Injury

Immunohistochemistry

Tissue and Organ Procurement

Immunosuppressive Agents

Rats, Wistar

Nephritis

Renal Dialysis

Biological Markers

Amino Acid Sequence

Albuminuria

Base Sequence

Risk Factors

Cadaver

Nephrology

Organ Size

Podocytes

Kidney Cortex Necrosis

Delayed Graft Function

Mice, Inbred C57BL

Blood Urea Nitrogen

Epithelial Cells

Pancreas Transplantation

Blood Pressure

Cystatin C

Nephritis, Interstitial

Renin

Rats, Inbred Strains

Treatment Outcome

Glomerulonephritis