Joint diseases. Medical search

Also known as articulations, these are points of connection between the ends of certain separate bones, or where the borders of other bones are juxtaposed.

A synovial hinge connection formed between the bones of the FEMUR; TIBIA; and PATELLA.

A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans.

The clear, viscous fluid secreted by the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE. It contains mucin, albumin, fat, and mineral salts and serves to lubricate joints.

A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated.

The articulation between the head of one phalanx and the base of the one distal to it, in each finger.

A type of inflammatory arthritis associated with PSORIASIS, often involving the axial joints and the peripheral terminal interphalangeal joints. It is characterized by the presence of HLA-B27-associated SPONDYLARTHROPATHY, and the absence of rheumatoid factor.

A protective layer of firm, flexible cartilage over the articulating ends of bones. It provides a smooth surface for joint movement, protecting the ends of long bones from wear at points of contact.

The articulations between the various TARSAL BONES. This does not include the ANKLE JOINT which consists of the articulations between the TIBIA; FIBULA; and TALUS.

The joint that is formed by the inferior articular and malleolar articular surfaces of the TIBIA; the malleolar articular surface of the FIBULA; and the medial malleolar, lateral malleolar, and superior surfaces of the TALUS.

The joint that is formed by the articulation of the head of FEMUR and the ACETABULUM of the PELVIS.

The inner membrane of a joint capsule surrounding a freely movable joint. It is loosely attached to the external fibrous capsule and secretes SYNOVIAL FLUID.

Inflammation of a synovial membrane. It is usually painful, particularly on motion, and is characterized by a fluctuating swelling due to effusion within a synovial sac. (Dorland, 27th ed)

The joint that is formed by the distal end of the RADIUS, the articular disc of the distal radioulnar joint, and the proximal row of CARPAL BONES; (SCAPHOID BONE; LUNATE BONE; triquetral bone).

Arthritis caused by BACTERIA; RICKETTSIA; MYCOPLASMA; VIRUSES; FUNGI; or PARASITES.

ARTHRITIS that is induced in experimental animals. Immunological methods and infectious agents can be used to develop experimental arthritis models. These methods include injections of stimulators of the immune response, such as an adjuvant (ADJUVANTS, IMMUNOLOGIC) or COLLAGEN.

The articulations extending from the ANKLE distally to the TOES. These include the ANKLE JOINT; TARSAL JOINTS; METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT; and TOE JOINT.

Drugs that are used to treat RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS.

A variety of conditions affecting the anatomic and functional characteristics of the temporomandibular joint. Factors contributing to the complexity of temporomandibular diseases are its relation to dentition and mastication and the symptomatic effects in other areas which account for referred pain to the joint and the difficulties in applying traditional diagnostic procedures to temporomandibular joint pathology where tissue is rarely obtained and x-rays are often inadequate or nonspecific. Common diseases are developmental abnormalities, trauma, subluxation, luxation, arthritis, and neoplasia. (From Thoma's Oral Pathology, 6th ed, pp577-600)

Methods of delivering drugs into a joint space.

Polymorphic cells that form cartilage.

A hereditary disease of the hip joints in dogs. Signs of the disease may be evident any time after 4 weeks of age.

The sac enclosing a joint. It is composed of an outer fibrous articular capsule and an inner SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE.

Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the knee joint consisting of three large categories: conditions that block normal synchronous movement, conditions that produce abnormal pathways of motion, and conditions that cause stress concentration resulting in changes to articular cartilage. (Crenshaw, Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 8th ed, p2019)

A non-vascular form of connective tissue composed of CHONDROCYTES embedded in a matrix that includes CHONDROITIN SULFATE and various types of FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN. There are three major types: HYALINE CARTILAGE; FIBROCARTILAGE; and ELASTIC CARTILAGE.

Heterogeneous group of arthritic diseases sharing clinical and radiologic features. They are associated with the HLA-B27 ANTIGEN and some with a triggering infection. Most involve the axial joints in the SPINE, particularly the SACROILIAC JOINT, but can also involve asymmetric peripheral joints. Subsets include ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; REACTIVE ARTHRITIS; PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS; and others.

The immovable joint formed by the lateral surfaces of the SACRUM and ILIUM.

Antibodies found in adult RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS patients that are directed against GAMMA-CHAIN IMMUNOGLOBULINS.

Disorders of connective tissue, especially the joints and related structures, characterized by inflammation, degeneration, or metabolic derangement.

Pain in the joint.

A chronic inflammatory condition affecting the axial joints, such as the SACROILIAC JOINT and other intervertebral or costovertebral joints. It occurs predominantly in young males and is characterized by pain and stiffness of joints (ANKYLOSIS) with inflammation at tendon insertions.

An articulation between the condyle of the mandible and the articular tubercle of the temporal bone.

Large HYALURONAN-containing proteoglycans found in articular cartilage (CARTILAGE, ARTICULAR). They form into aggregates that provide tissues with the capacity to resist high compressive and tensile forces.

Inflammation of the synovial lining of a tendon sheath. Causes include trauma, tendon stress, bacterial disease (gonorrhea, tuberculosis), rheumatic disease, and gout. Common sites are the hand, wrist, shoulder capsule, hip capsule, hamstring muscles, and Achilles tendon. The tendon sheaths become inflamed and painful, and accumulate fluid. Joint mobility is usually reduced.

Bleeding into the joints. It may arise from trauma or spontaneously in patients with hemophilia.

An aseptic, inflammatory arthritis developing secondary to a primary extra-articular infection, most typically of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT or UROGENITAL SYSTEM. The initiating trigger pathogens are usually SHIGELLA; SALMONELLA; YERSINIA; CAMPYLOBACTER; or CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS. Reactive arthritis is strongly associated with HLA-B27 ANTIGEN.

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

Bony outgrowth usually found around joints and often seen in conditions such as ARTHRITIS.

Pathological processes involving the chondral tissue (CARTILAGE).

Lack of stability of a joint or joint prosthesis. Factors involved are intra-articular disease and integrity of extra-articular structures such as joint capsule, ligaments, and muscles.

A fibrillar collagen found predominantly in CARTILAGE and vitreous humor. It consists of three identical alpha1(II) chains.

The articulation between a metatarsal bone (METATARSAL BONES) and a phalanx.

The articulation between the head of one phalanx and the base of the one distal to it, in each toe.

In horses, cattle, and other quadrupeds, the joint between the femur and the tibia, corresponding to the human knee.

Glycoproteins which have a very high polysaccharide content.

Diseases of the nail plate and tissues surrounding it. The concept is limited to primates.

The articulation between the head of the HUMERUS and the glenoid cavity of the SCAPULA.

The study of disease in prehistoric times as revealed in bones, mummies, and archaeologic artifacts.

Arthritis of children, with onset before 16 years of age. The terms juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) refer to classification systems for chronic arthritis in children. Only one subtype of juvenile arthritis (polyarticular-onset, rheumatoid factor-positive) clinically resembles adult rheumatoid arthritis and is considered its childhood equivalent.

Prostheses used to partially or totally replace a human or animal joint. (from UMDNS, 1999)

Diseases of domestic and wild horses of the species Equus caballus.

The properties, processes, and behavior of biological systems under the action of mechanical forces.

The articulation between a metacarpal bone and a phalanx.

The distance and direction to which a bone joint can be extended. Range of motion is a function of the condition of the joints, muscles, and connective tissues involved. Joint flexibility can be improved through appropriate MUSCLE STRETCHING EXERCISES.

Diseases of BONES.

A plate of fibrous tissue that divides the temporomandibular joint into an upper and lower cavity. The disc is attached to the articular capsule and moves forward with the condyle in free opening and protrusion. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p92)

The gliding joint formed by the outer extremity of the CLAVICLE and the inner margin of the acromion process of the SCAPULA.

Measurement of rate of settling of erythrocytes in anticoagulated blood.

Either of two extremities of four-footed non-primate land animals. It usually consists of a FEMUR; TIBIA; and FIBULA; tarsals; METATARSALS; and TOES. (From Storer et al., General Zoology, 6th ed, p73)

PROTEOGLYCANS-associated proteins that are major components of EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX of various tissues including CARTILAGE; and INTERVERTEBRAL DISC structures. They bind COLLAGEN fibers and contain protein domains that enable oligomer formation and interaction with other extracellular matrix proteins such as CARTILAGE OLIGOMERIC MATRIX PROTEIN.

Macromolecular organic compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and usually, sulfur. These macromolecules (proteins) form an intricate meshwork in which cells are embedded to construct tissues. Variations in the relative types of macromolecules and their organization determine the type of extracellular matrix, each adapted to the functional requirements of the tissue. The two main classes of macromolecules that form the extracellular matrix are: glycosaminoglycans, usually linked to proteins (proteoglycans), and fibrous proteins (e.g., COLLAGEN; ELASTIN; FIBRONECTINS; and LAMININ).

A subspecialty of internal medicine concerned with the study of inflammatory or degenerative processes and metabolic derangement of connective tissue structures which pertain to a variety of musculoskeletal disorders, such as arthritis.

Major component of chondrocyte EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX of various tissues including bone, tendon, ligament, SYNOVIUM and blood vessels. It binds MATRILIN PROTEINS and is associated with development of cartilage and bone.

The interarticular fibrocartilages of the superior surface of the tibia.

A secreted matrix metalloproteinase that plays a physiological role in the degradation of extracellular matrix found in skeletal tissues. It is synthesized as an inactive precursor that is activated by the proteolytic cleavage of its N-terminal propeptide.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

The second longest bone of the skeleton. It is located on the medial side of the lower leg, articulating with the FIBULA laterally, the TALUS distally, and the FEMUR proximally.

A specialized CONNECTIVE TISSUE that is the main constituent of the SKELETON. The principle cellular component of bone is comprised of OSTEOBLASTS; OSTEOCYTES; and OSTEOCLASTS, while FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and hydroxyapatite crystals form the BONE MATRIX.

The worsening of a disease over time. This concept is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases where the stage of the disease is an important determinant of therapy and prognosis.

The longest and largest bone of the skeleton, it is situated between the hip and the knee.

A double gliding joint formed by the CLAVICLE, superior and lateral parts of the manubrium sterni at the clavicular notch, and the cartilage of the first rib.

Injuries to the knee or the knee joint.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

Serum glycoprotein produced by activated MACROPHAGES and other mammalian MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES. It has necrotizing activity against tumor cell lines and increases ability to reject tumor transplants. Also known as TNF-alpha, it is only 30% homologous to TNF-beta (LYMPHOTOXIN), but they share TNF RECEPTORS.

A soluble factor produced by MONOCYTES; MACROPHAGES, and other cells which activates T-lymphocytes and potentiates their response to mitogens or antigens. Interleukin-1 is a general term refers to either of the two distinct proteins, INTERLEUKIN-1ALPHA and INTERLEUKIN-1BETA. The biological effects of IL-1 include the ability to replace macrophage requirements for T-cell activation.

An extracellular endopeptidase which excises a block of peptides at the amino terminal, nonhelical region of the procollagen molecule with the formation of collagen. Absence or deficiency of the enzyme causes accumulation of procollagen which results in the inherited connective tissue disorder--dermatosparaxis. EC 3.4.24.14.

A polypeptide substance comprising about one third of the total protein in mammalian organisms. It is the main constituent of SKIN; CONNECTIVE TISSUE; and the organic substance of bones (BONE AND BONES) and teeth (TOOTH).

Endoscopic examination, therapy and surgery of the joint.

Large, hoofed mammals of the family EQUIDAE. Horses are active day and night with most of the day spent seeking and consuming food. Feeding peaks occur in the early morning and late afternoon, and there are several daily periods of rest.

The articulations between the CARPAL BONES and the METACARPAL BONES.

A common genetically determined, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by rounded erythematous, dry, scaling patches. The lesions have a predilection for nails, scalp, genitalia, extensor surfaces, and the lumbosacral region. Accelerated epidermopoiesis is considered to be the fundamental pathologic feature in psoriasis.

The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.

A natural high-viscosity mucopolysaccharide with alternating beta (1-3) glucuronide and beta (1-4) glucosaminidic bonds. It is found in the UMBILICAL CORD, in VITREOUS BODY and in SYNOVIAL FLUID. A high urinary level is found in PROGERIA.

An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Derivatives of chondroitin which have a sulfate moiety esterified to the galactosamine moiety of chondroitin. Chondroitin sulfate A, or chondroitin 4-sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate C, or chondroitin 6-sulfate, have the sulfate esterified in the 4- and 6-positions, respectively. Chondroitin sulfate B (beta heparin; DERMATAN SULFATE) is a misnomer and this compound is not a true chondroitin sulfate.

Heteropolysaccharides which contain an N-acetylated hexosamine in a characteristic repeating disaccharide unit. The repeating structure of each disaccharide involves alternate 1,4- and 1,3-linkages consisting of either N-acetylglucosamine or N-acetylgalactosamine.

Antibodies that react with self-antigens (AUTOANTIGENS) of the organism that produced them.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

Roentgenography of a joint, usually after injection of either positive or negative contrast medium.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

The articulations between the various CARPAL BONES. This does not include the WRIST JOINT which consists of the articulations between the RADIUS; ULNA; and proximal CARPAL BONES.

An antineoplastic antimetabolite with immunosuppressant properties. It is an inhibitor of TETRAHYDROFOLATE DEHYDROGENASE and prevents the formation of tetrahydrofolate, necessary for synthesis of thymidylate, an essential component of DNA.

Substances that reduce or suppress INFLAMMATION.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

An interleukin-1 subtype that is synthesized as an inactive membrane-bound pro-protein. Proteolytic processing of the precursor form by CASPASE 1 results in release of the active form of interleukin-1beta from the membrane.

Determination of the degree of a physical, mental, or emotional handicap. The diagnosis is applied to legal qualification for benefits and income under disability insurance and to eligibility for Social Security and workmen's compensation benefits.

Therapy with two or more separate preparations given for a combined effect.

A region of the lower extremity immediately surrounding and including the KNEE JOINT.

A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

Anti-inflammatory agents that are non-steroidal in nature. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, they have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions.They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis accounts for their analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions; other mechanisms may contribute to their anti-inflammatory effects.

Cell surface receptors that bind TUMOR NECROSIS FACTORS and trigger changes which influence the behavior of cells.

A meshwork-like substance found within the extracellular space and in association with the basement membrane of the cell surface. It promotes cellular proliferation and provides a supporting structure to which cells or cell lysates in culture dishes adhere.

Bone loss due to osteoclastic activity.

The articulation between the articular surface of the PATELLA and the patellar surface of the FEMUR.

The complex formed by the binding of antigen and antibody molecules. The deposition of large antigen-antibody complexes leading to tissue damage causes IMMUNE COMPLEX DISEASES.

Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care. (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

The physical state of supporting an applied load. This often refers to the weight-bearing bones or joints that support the body's weight, especially those in the spine, hip, knee, and foot.

A class of immunoglobulin bearing mu chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN MU-CHAINS). IgM can fix COMPLEMENT. The name comes from its high molecular weight and originally being called a macroglobulin.

Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.

A family of membrane-anchored glycoproteins that contain a disintegrin and metalloprotease domain. They are responsible for the proteolytic cleavage of many transmembrane proteins and the release of their extracellular domain.

A class of statistical methods applicable to a large set of probability distributions used to test for correlation, location, independence, etc. In most nonparametric statistical tests, the original scores or observations are replaced by another variable containing less information. An important class of nonparametric tests employs the ordinal properties of the data. Another class of tests uses information about whether an observation is above or below some fixed value such as the median, and a third class is based on the frequency of the occurrence of runs in the data. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1284; Corsini, Concise Encyclopedia of Psychology, 1987, p764-5)

Partial or total replacement of a joint.

Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including mucins, mucoid, and amyloid glycoproteins.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

A large multinuclear cell associated with the BONE RESORPTION. An odontoclast, also called cementoclast, is cytomorphologically the same as an osteoclast and is involved in CEMENTUM resorption.

Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.

The act, process, or result of passing from one place or position to another. It differs from LOCOMOTION in that locomotion is restricted to the passing of the whole body from one place to another, while movement encompasses both locomotion but also a change of the position of the whole body or any of its parts. Movement may be used with reference to humans, vertebrate and invertebrate animals, and microorganisms. Differentiate also from MOTOR ACTIVITY, movement associated with behavior.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

A plasma protein that circulates in increased amounts during inflammation and after tissue damage.

The age, developmental stage, or period of life at which a disease or the initial symptoms or manifestations of a disease appear in an individual.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

Antibodies from non-human species whose protein sequences have been modified to make them nearly identical with human antibodies. If the constant region and part of the variable region are replaced, they are called humanized. If only the constant region is modified they are called chimeric. INN names for humanized antibodies end in -zumab.

Serum glycoproteins participating in the host defense mechanism of COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION that creates the COMPLEMENT MEMBRANE ATTACK COMPLEX. Included are glycoproteins in the various pathways of complement activation (CLASSICAL COMPLEMENT PATHWAY; ALTERNATIVE COMPLEMENT PATHWAY; and LECTIN COMPLEMENT PATHWAY).

Fibrous cords of CONNECTIVE TISSUE that attach bones to each other and hold together the many types of joints in the body. Articular ligaments are strong, elastic, and allow movement in only specific directions, depending on the individual joint.

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

A symptom complex consisting of pain, muscle tenderness, clicking in the joint, and limitation or alteration of mandibular movement. The symptoms are subjective and manifested primarily in the masticatory muscles rather than the temporomandibular joint itself. Etiologic factors are uncertain but include occlusal dysharmony and psychophysiologic factors.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.

Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.

Prolonged shortening of the muscle or other soft tissue around a joint, preventing movement of the joint.

A cytokine that stimulates the growth and differentiation of B-LYMPHOCYTES and is also a growth factor for HYBRIDOMAS and plasmacytomas. It is produced by many different cells including T-LYMPHOCYTES; MONOCYTES; and FIBROBLASTS.

Fixation and immobility of a joint.

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.

A private, voluntary, not-for-profit organization which establishes standards for the operation of health facilities and services, conducts surveys, and awards accreditation.

Replacement of the hip joint.

Manner or style of walking.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

The endogenous compounds that mediate inflammation (AUTACOIDS) and related exogenous compounds including the synthetic prostaglandins (PROSTAGLANDINS, SYNTHETIC).

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

Scales, questionnaires, tests, and other methods used to assess pain severity and duration in patients or experimental animals to aid in diagnosis, therapy, and physiological studies.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

Infections resulting from the implantation of prosthetic devices. The infections may be acquired from intraoperative contamination (early) or hematogenously acquired from other sites (late).

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

The rotational force about an axis that is equal to the product of a force times the distance from the axis where the force is applied.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

A generic concept reflecting concern with the modification and enhancement of life attributes, e.g., physical, political, moral and social environment; the overall condition of a human life.

Replacement of the knee joint.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.

Surgical reconstruction of a joint to relieve pain or restore motion.

The application of LUBRICANTS to diminish FRICTION between two surfaces.

The distal part of the arm beyond the wrist in humans and primates, that includes the palm, fingers, and thumb.

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.

Deformities acquired after birth as the result of injury or disease. The joint deformity is often associated with rheumatoid arthritis and leprosy.

An articulation where the costal cartilage of each rib fit with slight concavities along the lateral borders of the STERNUM.

The flat, triangular bone situated at the anterior part of the KNEE.

A front limb of a quadruped. (The Random House College Dictionary, 1980)

Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.

A strong ligament of the knee that originates from the posteromedial portion of the lateral condyle of the femur, passes anteriorly and inferiorly between the condyles, and attaches to the depression in front of the intercondylar eminence of the tibia.

Sensory functions that transduce stimuli received by proprioceptive receptors in joints, tendons, muscles, and the INNER EAR into neural impulses to be transmitted to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Proprioception provides sense of stationary positions and movements of one's body parts, and is important in maintaining KINESTHESIA and POSTURAL BALANCE.

The inner and longer bone of the FOREARM.

The region corresponding to the human WRIST in non-human ANIMALS.

Fibrous bands or cords of CONNECTIVE TISSUE at the ends of SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBERS that serve to attach the MUSCLES to bones and other structures.

Measurements of joint flexibility (RANGE OF MOTION, ARTICULAR), usually by employing an angle-measuring device (arthrometer). Arthrometry is used to measure ligamentous laxity and stability. It is often used to evaluate the outcome of ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT replacement surgery.

A growth differentiation factor that plays a role in early CHONDROGENESIS and joint formation.

Replacement for a knee joint.

Family study of inherited syndrome with multiple congenital deformities: symphalangism, carpal and tarsal fusion, brachydactyly, craniosynostosis, strabismus, hip osteochondritis. (1/1089)

A syndrome of brachydactyly (absence of some middle or distal phalanges), aplastic or hypoplastic nails, symphalangism (ankylois of proximal interphalangeal joints), synostosis of some carpal and tarsal bones, craniosynostosis, and dysplastic hip joints is reported in five members of an Italian family. It may represent a previously undescribed autosomal dominant trait. (+info)

The clinical manifestations and pathomechanics of contracture of the extensor mechanism of the knee. (2/1089)

Experience with thirty-eight Asian children and adolescents who presented with either stiffness of the knee, genu recurvatum, habitual dislocation of the patella or congenital lateral dislocation of the patella showed that all those disorders were manifestations of contracture of the extensor mechanism, which fell into two groups according to the components involved. In Group I the main components affected were in the midline of the limb, namely rectus femoris and vastus intermedius; these patients presented with varying degrees of stiffness of the knee, or worse, with genu recurvatum. In Group II the main components involved were lateral to the midline of the limb, namely vastus lateralis and the ilio-tibial band; these patients presented with habitual dislocation of the patella, or worse, congenital lateral dislocation of the patella. In both groups untreated patients developed secondary adaptive changes such as subluxation of the tibia or marked genu valgum which made operative procedures more formidable and less effective. Release of the contracture should therefore be performed as early as possible. (+info)

The locked patella. An unusual complication of haemophilia. (3/1089)

Mechanical derangements of the knee are an uncommon complication of chronic haemophiliac arthropathy. Two patients with locking of the patella were treated by manipulation. The mechanism of the injury was forced flexion of the knee joint beyond the limit of its restricted range. The injury is a serious one and may take six months to recover. (+info)

Larsen syndrome in two generations of an Italian family. (4/1089)

This paper describes a familial case of Larsen syndrome. Typical anomalies were present in the propositus and 2 of his 6 daughters. In addition, all patients had progressive deafness and the 2 daughters had cleft palate. The certain exclusion of any consanguinity between the couple, suggests, in this instance, the dominant mode of transmission of the syndrome. (+info)

Diagnostic classification of shoulder disorders: interobserver agreement and determinants of disagreement. (5/1089)

OBJECTIVES: To assess the interobserver agreement on the diagnostic classification of shoulder disorders, based on history taking and physical examination, and to identify the determinants of diagnostic disagreement. METHODS: Consecutive eligible patients with shoulder pain were recruited in various health care settings in the Netherlands. After history taking, two physiotherapists independently performed a physical examination and subsequently the shoulder complaints were classified into one of six diagnostic categories: capsular syndrome (for example, capsulitis, arthritis), acute bursitis, acromioclavicular syndrome, subacromial syndrome (for example, tendinitis, chronic bursitis), rest group (for example, unclear clinical picture, extrinsic causes) and mixed clinical picture. To quantify the interobserver agreement Cohen's kappa was calculated. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to determine which clinical characteristics were determinants of diagnostic disagreement. RESULTS: The study population consisted of 201 patients with varying severity and duration of complaints. The kappa for the classification of shoulder disorders was 0.45 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.37, 0.54). Diagnostic disagreement was associated with bilateral involvement (odds ratio (OR) 1.9; 95% CI 1.0, 3.7), chronic complaints (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.1, 3.7), and severe pain (OR 2.7; 95% CI 1.3, 5.3). CONCLUSIONS: Only moderate agreement was found on the classification of shoulder disorders, which implies that differentiation between the various categories of shoulder disorders is complicated. Especially patients with high pain severity, chronic complaints and bilateral involvement represent a diagnostic challenge for clinicians. As diagnostic classification is a guide for treatment decisions, unsatisfactory reproducibility might affect treatment outcome. To improve the reproducibility, more insight into the reproducibility of clinical findings and the value of additional diagnostic procedures is needed. (+info)

Do postal questionnaires change GPs' workload and referral patterns? (6/1089)

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine changes in workload in general practice associated with the postal administration of a health needs questionnaire. METHOD: We carried out controlled before-and-after intervention study of the effects of delivering a postal questionnaire to assess needs for care for patients with arthropathies of the hip and knee, groin hernia and varicose veins, and to assess health service utilization, general health status and risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The setting was a seven-partner, fundholding, group practice in Avon. The subjects were patients registered with an NHS group practice situated in Backwell and Nailsea, Avon. The outcome measures were the frequency of consultation, home visits and night visits, reasons for consultation, referral to specialist agencies and patterns of prescribing. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the study and control group in the year before and the year after the postal administration of the questionnaire with respect to changes in overall frequency of consultation, frequency of referral (including type of referral) and frequency of prescribing of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In the study group there was a significant (P<0.05) reduction in the number of daytime home visits and prescriptions written for analgesics. Analysis of the records of those who had received a medical examination, in addition to a postal questionnaire, showed that there was no significant difference between the study and control group with respect to frequency of consultation, referral to outside agencies or items prescribed. CONCLUSION: Administration of a health needs questionnaire to patients registered with this general practice was not associated with an increase in consultation frequency or referral, or a change in prescribing patterns. No plausible explanation could be identified for the significant reduction in the number of home visits and prescriptions written for analgesics. It was concluded that these results were a statistical artefact. On the basis of the evidence from this study, GPs can be reassured that the administration of health needs questionnaires of the type used in this study will not result in any increase in workload or costs of care incurred by increased referrals to outside agencies or increased prescribing. (+info)

Blood-induced joint damage: a human in vitro study. (7/1089)

OBJECTIVE: To investigate mechanisms underlying cartilage damage caused by brief exposure of cartilage to blood, such as that occurring during intraarticular bleeding. METHODS: Human articular cartilage was cultured for 4 days in the presence of blood (components; 7.5-50% volume/volume). The synthesis of cartilage matrix, as determined by proteoglycan synthesis (incorporation of 35SO4(2-)), was measured directly after exposure and after a recovery period of 20 days, during which the cartilage was cultured in the absence of blood or blood components. The production of the cytokines interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor a (TNFalpha), which have a destructive effect on cartilage, was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the viability of chondrocytes was determined by measuring lactate dehydrogenase release and with electron microscopy. The involvement of oxygen metabolites was evaluated by using N-acetylcysteine. RESULTS: Brief exposure to blood resulted in dose-dependent inhibition of proteoglycan synthesis. The combination of mononuclear cells and red blood cells was responsible for this effect. The effect was irreversible, independent of IL-1 and TNFalpha production, and was accompanied by chondrocyte death. These effects were partially prevented by N-acetylcysteine. CONCLUSION: Brief exposure of cartilage to blood, as occurs after a single episode or a limited number of bleeding episodes, results in lasting cartilage damage in vitro, in which cytotoxic oxygen metabolites play a role. (+info)

Blood-induced joint damage: a canine in vivo study. (8/1089)

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the direct and indirect (via synovial inflammation) effects of intraarticular bleeding on cartilage in vivo. METHODS: Right knees of 14 beagle dogs were injected with autologous blood on days 0 and 2. Cartilage matrix proteoglycan turnover, collagen damage, and synovial inflammation of these knees, including the cartilage-destructive properties of the synovial tissue, were determined and compared with those of the left control knees on day 4 (short-term effects; n = 7) and day 16 (long-term effects; n = 7). RESULTS: Injected knees had a diminished content of proteoglycans in the cartilage matrix, and release of proteoglycans was enhanced (days 4 and 16). The synthesis of proteoglycans was significantly inhibited on day 4 but was enhanced on day 16. On day 4 more collagen was denatured in the injected joint than in the control joint; this effect was no longer detectable on day 16. Synovial tissue showed signs of inflammation on day 4 and day 16 but had cartilage-destructive properties only on day 16. CONCLUSION: In vivo exposure of articular cartilage to blood for a relatively short time results in lasting changes in chondrocyte activity and in cartilage matrix integrity, changes that may predict lasting joint damage over time. Interestingly, the direct effect of blood on cartilage precedes the indirect effect via synovial inflammation. (+info)

Juvenile joint diseases[edit]. *Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)[note 90]. Notes[edit]. An α indicates the medicine is only on ... Medicines for diseases of joints[edit]. Medicines used to treat gout[edit]. *Allopurinol ... 29 Medicines for diseases of joints *29.1 Medicines used to treat gout ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_World_Health_Organization_Essential_Medicines

"Hospital for Joint Diseases. NYU Langone Medical Center. Archived from the original on November 2, 2013. Retrieved October 31, ... Other NYU medical centers across the city include the NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases and the Bellevue Hospital Center.[98][99] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_University

Fischer, M.; Modder, G. (2002). "Radionuclide therapy of inflammatory joint diseases". Nuclear Medicine Communications. 23 (9 ... Exposure to yttrium compounds in humans may cause lung disease.[9] Workers exposed to airborne yttrium europium vanadate dust ... and yttrium-90 is also used to carry out radionuclide synovectomy in the treatment of inflamed joints, especially knees, in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yttrium

The results of this research was used as a model for Kashin-Beck disease. Kashin-Beck is a result of combinatorial ... The disease has symptoms similar to those resulting from Trsp gene knockout.[12] ... a putative model for Kashin-Beck disease". PLOS Genet. 5 (8): e1000616. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000616. PMC 2721633. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteochondroprogenitor_cell

There is an increasing number of studies indicating that POTS is an autoimmune disease.[47][50][51][52][53][54] A high number ... a hereditary connective tissue disorder marked by loose hypermobile joints prone to subluxations and dislocations, skin that ... POTS also has been linked to patients with a history of autoimmune diseases,[47] irritable bowel syndrome, anemia, ... Not to be confused with Pott disease.. Condition in which a change from lying to standing causes an abnormally large increase ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postural_orthostatic_tachycardia_syndrome?fbclid=IwAR2m8ZJtGrPxMde9Kcig0hirlDDwZlopEkcXtoRcEKOdsmSvNO64truK5qc

The Hospital for Joint Diseases opened as the Jewish Hospital for Deformities and Joint Diseases at 1919 Madison Avenue in 1906 ... NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, 301 East 17th Street, Manhattan. Incorporated as the Jewish Hospital for Deformities and Joint ... Hospital for Joint Diseases, Manhattan. See N.Y.U. Langone Medical Center, in the section on hospitals in Manhattan above. ... Consists of Tisch Hospital, the Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, and the Hospital for Joint Diseases. Tisch Hospital ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_hospitals_in_Manhattan

Öztürk, Selcen (2013). "What is the economic burden of sports injuries?". Joint Diseases and Related Surgery. 24 (2): 108-111. ... Runner's knee (Patellofemoral pain): knee joint pain affecting the patellofemoral joint. Pain is a direct consequence of the ... Preseason screenings consist of testing the mobility of joints (ankles, wrists, hips, etc.), testing the stability of joints ( ... The force the patellafemoral joint has to sustain can be as much as five times the body weight when the knee is fully flexed - ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_injury

Bulletin of the NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases. NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases. 64 (3/4): 94-97. PMID 17155917. Archived from ... Joint Journal. 97-B (10): 1370-1376. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.97B10.35297. ISSN 2049-4394. Leung, Kwok-Sui; Kempf, Ivan; Alt, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intramedullary_rod

The hospital has its origins in a facility designed by Reid and Wittet which opened as Elgin Joint County Infectious Diseases ... "Elgin Joint County Infectious Diseases Hospital". Dictionary of Scottish Architects. Retrieved 8 September 2009. CS1 maint: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spynie_Hospital

The European Union is co-funding a Joint Action on Chronic Diseases and Healthy Ageing across the Life Cycle (JA-CHRODIS) with ... South China Morning Post 2007 Jul 7. "CHRODIS - Joint Action on Chronic Diseases". CHRODIS. Archived from the original on 2015- ... The disease burden has started to shift towards non-communicable diseases related to lifestyle and environmental factors. The ... reduce risk of chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, and type 2 diabetes; and finally improve ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_promotion

Ettinger, Stephen J.; Feldman, Edward C.; Bennett, D.; May, C. (1995). "Joint diseases of Dogs and Cats". Textbook of ... She X-rayed their joints and bones and found no evidence of crippling. So she began breeding Munchkins "Achondroplasia". ... Hubler, M.; Langley-Hobbs, S.J. (2009). "Hereditary and congenital musculoskeletal diseases". In Montavon, P.M.; Voss, K.; ... thick-looking joints, curved spine, and a bow-legged or knock knee posture. The condition has sometimes been referred to as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munchkin_cat

On Diseases of the Hip Joint, 1837; 2nd edit. 1841. On Diseases of the Bladder and Prostate Gland, 1838; 2nd edit. enlarged, ... They were published in the second edition of his Diseases of the Hip Joint. In 1827 he wrote notes to Henri Milne-Edwards's ... Lectures on Diseases of the Joints, 1854. Coulson also contributed the articles "Lithotomy" and "Lithotrity" to Samuel Cooper's ... His investigations on post-partum afflictions of the joints at the Lying-in Hospital contributed the knowledge of their nature ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Coulson

Robbins, H (October 1976). "Naviculectomy for congenital vertical talus". Bulletin of the Hospital for Joint Diseases. 37 (2): ... the orthopedic surgeon may resort to a minimally invasive surgery at the talo-navicular joint to achieve full correction. The ... The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume. 97 (16): 1354-1365. doi:10.2106/JBJS.N.01002. PMID 26290087. Mosca, ... The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume. 59 (6): 816-24. doi:10.2106/00004623-197759060-00016. PMID 908706. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocker_bottom_foot

Bulletin of the Hospital for Joint Diseases. 24: 99-104. PMID 14048829. "Rheumatology Image Bank: Avascular Necrosis, Crescent ... It usually occurs later in the disease, in stage III of the four-stage Ficat classification system. It appears as a curved ... The crescent sign may be seen with other bone diseases, such as shear fractures. Pappas, J. N. (2000). "The musculoskeletal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crescent_sign

CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) 69th Annual Report - for the Year 1975 (PDF). Hospital for Joint Diseases and Medical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabrini_Medical_Center

One study sought to use the mucin of the Nomura's jellyfish to treat joint disease such as osteoarthritis. Like many invasive ... 2015). "Combined preparation for treating joint diseases". Patent US9095551. Retrieved 27 May 2016. Watanabe, Yusuke; Ochi, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nomura's_jellyfish

Bone diseases and joint problems are also an issue. The most common causes of death in Giant Schnauzers are lymphoma and liver ... They are also prone to skin diseases, such as seasonal flank alopecia, vitiligo, and follicular cysts. Cancer of the skin is ... ISBN 978-0-7566-4978-4. Gough, Alex; Thomas, Alison (2004). Breed Predispositions to Disease in Dogs and Cats. Blackwell ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giant_Schnauzer

Bulletin of the NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases. 65 (3): 168-173. ISSN 1936-9719. PMID 17922664. "Methotrexate: Mechanism of ... early-stage Hodgkin's disease: results of a prospective clinical trial". J. Clin. Oncol. 20 (14): 3081-7. doi:10.1200/jco. ... of a Prospective Clinical Trial With VAMP and Low-Dose Involved-Field Radiation for Children With Low-Risk Hodgkin's Disease. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VAMP_regimen

Bulletin of the NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases. 67 (2): 198-205. PMID 19583554. Archived from the original on 2013-06-01. El ... Medicine has a long history of scientific inquiry about the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of human disease. The concept ... racial minorities and people with co-morbid diseases), evidence from RCTs may not be generalizable to those populations. Thus ... babies should be given certain vitamins to whether antidepressant drugs are effective in people with Alzheimer's disease. Even ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidence-based_medicine

Elkowitz, S. J.; Posner, M. A. (2006). "Wrist arthroscopy". Bulletin of the NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases. 64 (3-4): 156-165 ... Dorsal Distal Radioulnar joint portal (DDRUJ) Both the proximal and distal DRUJ can be used. It's the best way to get a clear ... In that way, the surgeon will be able to orient within the joint of the wrist. Once a clear view of the wrist is obtained, a ... This camera is attached to a fiberoptic light source and shows the image of the inside of the joint. Probes are used for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrist_arthroscopy

... indicates that pain and disease are to be apprehended in the region of joints or viscera... Joint troubles in the hands and ... Historically, it was referred to as "the king of diseases and the disease of kings" or "rich man's disease". The Ebers papyrus ... Other joints, such as the heels, knees, wrists, and fingers, may also be affected. Joint pain usually begins during the night ... "The Disease Of Kings - Forbes.com". Forbes. Archived from the original on 1 September 2017. Schwartz, Stephan A. "Disease of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gout

Temporomandibular joint diseases and disorders, commonly called TMJ. Autoimmune diseases such as: Crohn's disease of the oral ... and contactable via skin to skin contact Other diseases include: Gingivitis gum disease, periodontal disease, oral forms of ... Diseases may be transmitted by contact of the head, mouth, or body fluids, such as Herpes Simplex Virus Type I (HSV-1), Herpes ... Crohn disease Brain-blood barrier, University of Washington Skin nerve receptors Cells Alive, Anatomy of a splinter Core ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_and_neck_anatomy

DAS28: Disease Activity Score of 28 joints (DAS28) is widely used as an indicator of RA disease activity and response to ... Joints included are (bilaterally): proximal interphalangeal joints (10 joints), metacarpophalangeal joints (10), wrists (2), ... hip joints, knees, and ankles as large joints: Involvement of 1 large joint gives 0 points Involvement of 2-10 large joints ... the interphalangeal joint of the thumb, second through fifth metatarsophalangeal joint and wrist as small joints, and shoulders ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheumatoid_arthritis

Nakashima Y, Okazak K, Nakayama K, Okada S, Mizu-uchi H (January 2017). "Bone and Joint Diseases in Present and Future". ... Patients with end-stage bladder disease can be treated by using engineered bladder tissues to rebuild the damaged organ. This ... These scaffolds can be used to regenerate joints and ligaments. Play media 3D bioprinting generally follows three steps, pre- ... An infant patient with a rare respiratory disease known as tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) was given a tracheal splint that was ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_bioprinting

Bulletin of the NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases. 68 (3): 157-61. PMID 20969544. Bellato E, Marini E, Castoldi F, Barbasetti N, ... The International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) lists fibromyalgia as a diagnosable disease under "Diseases of the ... Is Disease Real?". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 10 May 2015. Retrieved 26 March 2014. "Fibromyalgia: An ... Some research has suggested not to categorise fibromyalgia as a somatic disease or a mental disorder, but to use a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibromyalgia

Elkowitz, S. J; Posner, M. A (2006). "Wrist arthroscopy" (PDF). Bulletin of the NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases. 64 (3-4): 156- ... Arthrography: a dye is injected into the wrist joint. If there is a TFCC lesion the dye will leak from one joint compartment to ... Johnston, K; Durand, D; Hildebrand, K. A (2009). "Chronic volar distal radioulnar joint instability: Joint capsular plication ... Bulletin of the NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases. 64 (3-4): 114-8. PMID 17155920. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangular_fibrocartilage

May SA, Lees P (1996). "Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs". In McIlwraith CW, Trotter GW (eds.). Joint Disease in the Horse ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flunixin

There are few published reports describing the use of PPS for equine joint disease; however, the drug is being used for this ... Little, CB; Ghosh, P (1996). McIlwraith, CW; Trotter, GW (eds.). Joint Disease in the Horse. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company ... PPS treatment improved but did not eliminate clinical signs of joint disease. Articular cartilage fibrillation was ... The calcium salt of PPS was one of the first reported disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOAD). The IUPAC name for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentosan_polysulfate

Diseases of the endocrine system (ICD-10 Chapter IV: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases - Endocrine diseases, E00- ... "Metabolic Surgery in the Treatment Algorithm for Type 2 Diabetes: A Joint Statement by International Diabetes Organizations" ... Diabetes was one of the first diseases described.[21] The importance of insulin in the disease was determined in the 1920s.[22] ... two to four times the risk of cardiovascular disease, including ischemic heart disease and stroke; a 20-fold increase in lower ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_2_diabetes_mellitus

... there he was diagnosed with Hodgkin's disease.[376] In mid-1984, Office 131 was moved to a new base further into Cambodia, near ... and Son Sann issued a joint statement in Singapore announcing the formation of their own coalition government.[369] ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol_Pot

Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases (Philippines) ... Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation. *National Cabinet (Australia). *National COVID-19 Commission Advisory Board ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:COVID-19

... chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), renal failure, and severe burns; patients who have "cachexia" in these disease settings ... In a similar effect, patients with a broken leg joint undergoing as little as three weeks of traction can lose enough back and ... There are many diseases and conditions which cause a decrease in muscle mass, known as atrophy, including activity, as seen ... Muscle atrophy results from a co-morbidity of several common diseases, including cancer, AIDS, congestive heart failure, COPD ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_atrophy

... and The Joint Institute. Departments and centers include: The department of obstetrics and gynecology delivers about 5,500 ... the 3rd highest score in New Jersey for Kidney disease; and the 4th highest score in New Jersey for Cancer, Gynecology, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Barnabas_Medical_Center

"Ebola Virus Disease". SRHD. Retrieved 15 September 2020.. *^ a b c d "Q&A on Transmission, Ebola". Centers for Disease Control ... Prolonged cases are often complicated by the occurrence of long-term problems, such as inflammation of the testicles, joint ... "About Ebola Virus Disease". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Archived from the original on 16 October 2014. ... "Ebola (Ebola Virus Disease) Transmission". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 5 November 2014. Archived from the ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola_virus_disease

The earliest amphibians evolved in the Devonian from lobe-finned fish which had jointed leg-like fins with digits. They could ... The disease is spreading into eastern Panama and threatening all amphibians living there.[27] ... and diseases like chytridiomycosis. Ultraviolet radiation damages the skin, eyes and eggs of amphibians. However, the declines ...

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphibia

... through the End Stage Renal Disease Program) people of all ages with end-stage renal disease. The Medicare Program provides a ... "The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. 100 (3): 236-242. doi:10.2106/JBJS.17.00279. PMID 29406345.. ... Medicaid is a joint federal-state program that provides health coverage or nursing home coverage to certain categories of low- ... Unlike Medicare, which is solely a federal program, Medicaid is a joint federal-state program. Each state operates its own ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicaid

... and the Joint Services School of Intelligence, Prince Andrew remained with Invincible until 1983. Commander Nigel Ward's memoir ... a charity dedicated to research into the prevention and treatment of blindness and eye disease,[39] and was a member of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_Andrew,_Duke_of_York

Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 42: 81-91. *^ K.R. Rhoades and R.B. Rimler, Avian pasteurellosis, in "Diseases of poultry", ed. ... These often occur in the respiratory tract including the sinuses and pneumatoics bones, hock joints, sternal bursa, foot pads, ... Journal of Wildlife Disease. 42: 33-39. *^ Samuel et al. 2005. Avian Cholera in Waterfowl: The role of Lesser Snow Geese and ... Journal of Wildlife Diseases. *^ Blanchong et al. 2006. Multi-species patterns of avian cholera mortality in Nebraska's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avian_hemorrhagic_septicemia

SP concentrations cannot yet be used to diagnose disease clinically or gauge disease severity. It is not yet known whether ... and joints. It is proposed that this release is involved in neurogenic inflammation, which is a local inflammatory response to ... Microbial Toxins and Diarrhoeal Disease. Ciba Found. Symp. 112. pp. 139-54. doi:10.1002/9780470720936.ch8. PMID 2861068.. ... Quantification in diseaseEdit. Elevation of serum, plasma, or tissue SP and/or its receptor (NK1R) has been associated with ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substance_P

Graft-versus-host disease[edit]. Main article: Graft-versus-host disease. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is an inflammatory ... The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. 98 (5): 386-95. doi:10.2106/JBJS.O.00601. PMID 26935461.. ... Veno-occlusive disease[edit]. Severe liver injury can result from hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD). Elevated levels of ... Major complications are veno-occlusive disease, mucositis, infections (sepsis), graft-versus-host disease and the development ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_Marrow_Transplant

An infusion of roots can be taken as a diuretic to treat rheumatic diseases like gout by ridding the body of excess uric acid, ... which causes painful inflammation of the joints. Yerba mansa prevents the buildup of uric acid crystals in the kidneys which ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anemopsis

Dogs may also experience chronic joint disease if the disease is left untreated. However, the majority of cases of Lyme disease ... "Lyme disease rashes and look-alikes". Lyme Disease. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 21 December 2018. Archived from ... "Lyme Disease Data and surveillance". Lyme Disease. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 5 February 2019. Archived from ... Treatment regimens for Lyme disease range from 14 days in early localized disease, to 14-21 days in early disseminated disease ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyme_disease

A subluxated vertebra ... is the cause of 95 percent of all diseases ... The other five percent is caused by displaced joints ... subluxation is the sole cause of disease and manipulation is the cure for all diseases of the human race.[4][41] A 2003 ... In 2005, the chiropractic subluxation was defined by the World Health Organization as "a lesion or dysfunction in a joint or ... Palmer, a magnetic healer, hypothesized that manual manipulation of the spine could cure disease.[214] The first chiropractic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiropractors

Significant diseases. Cancer, bone fractures. Significant tests. screening tests, X-ray, CT, MRI, PET, bone scan, ... or joint repair/replacement. The latter can often be carried out in the operating theatre, using a portable fluoroscopy machine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_imaging

Addison's disease. Addison's disease is (as of 20 August 2007) the illness most commonly reported to the Poodle Health Registry ... which originally provided warmth to major joints when the dogs were immersed in cold water. The rest of the body is shaved for ... The number of reported cases is nearly twice as high as the next most common problem (GDV). Addison's disease is characterized ... juvenile renal disease, hip dysplasia, and cancer. Standard Poodles are also susceptible to some health issues usually too ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poodle

... and systemic diseases that occur as a result of kidney disease, such as renal osteodystrophy and hypertension. A physician who ... joints, abdomen and flank. ... Chronic kidney disease is typically managed with treatment of ... the study of normal kidney function and kidney disease, the preservation of kidney health, and the treatment of kidney disease ... Many diseases affecting the kidney are systemic disorders not limited to the organ itself, and may require special treatment. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephrologist

Cardiovascular disease[edit]. Main articles: Occupational stress and Cardiovascular disease. Research has identified health- ... Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) involve injury and pain to the joints and muscles of the body. Approximately 2.5 million ... Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Occupational Health Psychology (OHP). [1] *^ a b Everly, G.S., Jr. (1986). An ... In Schnall, P., Belkić, K., Landsbergis, P., et al (Eds.), The workplace and cardiovascular disease. Occupational Medicine, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_health_psychology

The Armenian population was either forced on long death marches to camps in the middle of the Syrian desert to die of disease, ... where they confronted a joint German-Georgian force. On June 10, the 3rd Army attacked and took many prisoners, leading to an ... Assuming the same trend held true in the Caucasus, Ottoman disease deaths would number ~ 170,000, and total deaths would number ... A total of 235,733 permanent casualties (83,083 killed, 113,570 critically wounded, 39,080 prisoners). Disease deaths ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caucasus_Campaign

... people with some muscle diseases, and people with limited range of motion in the hip or knee joints.[10] Tilting options are ... A few wheelchairs attempt to combine the features of both designs by providing a fold-to-rigid mechanism in which the joints ... Welded rather than folding joints also reduce the overall weight of the chair. Rigid chairs typically feature instant-release ... Rigid wheelchairs, which are increasingly preferred by full-time and active users, have permanently welded joints and many ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheelchair

Paterson, Sue (December 17, 2007). Skin Diseases of Exotic Pets. Blackwell Science, Ltd. pp. 74-79. ISBN 9780470752432. .. ... The traits listed by Lydekker in 1896, for example, include a single occipital condyle, a jaw joint formed by the quadrate and ... Hellebuyck, Tom; Pasmans, Frank; Haesbrouck, Freddy; Martel, An (July 2012). "Dermatological Diseases in Lizards". The ... a common skin disease in snakes and lizards, will occur when ecdysis, or shedding, fails.[94] There are numerous reasons why ...

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Sarkar joined the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) in 1998, and served UNAIDS at various roles for a decade ... In 2015, Sarkar joined the World Health Organization (WHO) as the Director of Communicable diseases for its South East Asian ... He retired as the Director of Communicable diseases at the World Health Organization, South East Asia regional Office (WHO ... Epidemiologist, public health professional and diplomat Past Director of Communicable Diseases, South East Asia Regional Office ...

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JOINT PAIN (12). KIDNEY STONES (5). LIVER DISEASES (11). LIVER PROTECTION (4). LOSS OF APPETITE (9). LUNGS DISEASES (16). LYME ... EYES DISEASES (8). FEEDING / LACTATION (4). FEMALE DISEASES (18). FEVERS (7). FRACTURES (1). GAS - FLATULENCES (13). GASTRITIS ... COLON DISEASES (10). CONCENTRATION (9). CONSTIPATION (18). CONSUMPTION / PHTHISIS (10). COUGH (26). DEPRESSION (12). DIABETES ( ... HEART DISEASES (10). HEMORRHOIDS (22). HEPATITIS (13). HYPERACIDITY (7). HYPERTENSION (10). IMMUNE SYSTEM (25). IMPOTENCE (18) ...

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JOINT PAIN (12). KIDNEY STONES (5). LIVER DISEASES (11). LIVER PROTECTION (4). LOSS OF APPETITE (9). LUNGS DISEASES (16). LYME ... EYES DISEASES (8). FEEDING / LACTATION (4). FEMALE DISEASES (18). FEVERS (7). FRACTURES (1). GAS - FLATULENCES (13). GASTRITIS ... HEART DISEASES (10). HEMORRHOIDS (22). HEPATITIS (13). HYPERACIDITY (7). HYPERTENSION (10). IMMUNE SYSTEM (25). IMPOTENCE (18) ... COLON DISEASES (10). CONCENTRATION (9). CONSTIPATION (18). CONSUMPTION / PHTHISIS (10). COUGH (26). DEPRESSION (12). DIABETES ( ...

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JOINT PAIN (12). KIDNEY STONES (5). LIVER DISEASES (11). LIVER PROTECTION (4). LOSS OF APPETITE (9). LUNGS DISEASES (16). LYME ... EYES DISEASES (8). FEEDING / LACTATION (4). FEMALE DISEASES (18). FEVERS (7). FRACTURES (1). GAS - FLATULENCES (13). GASTRITIS ... JOINT AND MUSCLES PAIN - RHEUMATISM. net 25g - SBL 4.90 AMALAKI - NELLIKAI - POWDER. Emblica Officinalis. AGA - ORGANIC AND ... HEART DISEASES (10). HEMORRHOIDS (22). HEPATITIS (13). HYPERACIDITY (7). HYPERTENSION (10). IMMUNE SYSTEM (25). IMPOTENCE (18) ...

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JOINT PAIN (12). KIDNEY STONES (5). LIVER DISEASES (11). LIVER PROTECTION (4). LOSS OF APPETITE (9). LUNGS DISEASES (16). LYME ... EYES DISEASES (8). FEEDING / LACTATION (4). FEMALE DISEASES (18). FEVERS (7). FRACTURES (1). GAS - FLATULENCES (13). GASTRITIS ... HEART DISEASES (10). HEMORRHOIDS (22). HEPATITIS (13). HYPERACIDITY (7). HYPERTENSION (10). IMMUNE SYSTEM (25). IMPOTENCE (18) ... COLON DISEASES (10). CONCENTRATION (9). CONSTIPATION (18). CONSUMPTION / PHTHISIS (10). COUGH (26). DEPRESSION (12). DIABETES ( ...

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These statements are not intended to diagnose, cause, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. If you feel you have been harmed/ ... Whats a nice Jewish girl like her doing in a joint like that?. Nice find, Bruce! ... These statements are not intended to diagnose, cause, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. If you feel you have been harmed/ ... Does the venereal disease mean she discharged twice? __________________. Laugh and the world laughs with you; cry and the world ...

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Joint pain is a serious issue that isn't limited to the elderly, and its causes, such as osteoarthritis, are affecting more and more people, and at an earlier and earlier age. (healthline.com)
Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and trauma-related arthritis are the most common causes of chronic joint pain in the hip and knees. (healthline.com)
Of the three, osteoarthritis is the most common joint disorder. (healthline.com)
Osteoarthritis is a disease of the joints, and it can affect the spine (osteoarthritis in the spine is often referred to as spondylosis). (spineuniverse.com)
Often the pain of early osteoarthritis fades and then returns over time, especially if the affected joint is overused. (spineuniverse.com)
Osteoarthritis can occur in any joint but most often occurs in the spine, hips, knees, or hands. (spineuniverse.com)
Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) significantly reduces lameness in horses with osteoarthritis, but it does not alter the course of disease, reported researchers from the Equine Orthopaedic Research Center at Colorado State University. (thehorse.com)
To evaluate the effect of PSGAG and HA on clinical signs and various other measures of osteoarthritis, researchers utilized 24 horses with a similar degree of osteoarthritis in one carpal joint. (thehorse.com)
Joint injury, joint disease secondary to trauma or injury, and osteoarthritis (OA) are major. (thehorse.com)
Questions and concerns abound surrounding the use of oral joint health supplements for horses with osteoarthritis, and so researchers continue their quest to determine if and how glucosamine works to decrease pain and inflammation caused by. (thehorse.com)
Explain to patients that a small British study of ankle and foot MRIs found that patients with neuropathic joint disease (an aggressive form of osteoarthritis usually occurring in diabetics) had more ligament involvement and bone marrow edema than other patients with foot or ankle OA. (medpagetoday.com)
Neuropathic joint disease -- a particularly severe form of rapidly progressive osteoarthritis of the foot and ankle -- is characterized by multiple ligament abnormalities and diffuse bone edema even early in the disease process, a small retrospective British study found. (medpagetoday.com)
Patients with neuropathic joint disease had a median of three partial or complete ligament tears, a finding that was not seen in any patients in a comparator group who had the more common, degenerative form of osteoarthritis ( P =0.005), according to Jill Halstead, MSc, of the University of Leeds, and colleagues. (medpagetoday.com)
Whereas foot and ankle degenerative osteoarthritis typically progresses slowly and is not associated with joint deformity, the neuropathic condition, which is most often associated with diabetes, is characterized in late phases by bone debris, joint destruction, and new bone formation. (medpagetoday.com)
To more fully characterize the early phase of neuropathic arthritis, when timely intervention could help limit the damage, Halstead and colleagues performed an exploratory study comparing MRI findings in 15 patients with osteoarthritis of the ankle and foot and seven patients with neuropathic joint disease. (medpagetoday.com)
Linear bone disruption consistent with the presence of fractures was seen in two or more bones in almost all patients with neuropathic disease and in only one bone in a single osteoarthritis patient. (medpagetoday.com)
Patients with osteoarthritis, which is a disease of cartilage degeneration, served as a control group. (eurekalert.org)
Severe degenerative joint disease, or osteoarthritis, in the spine usually comes with age and can lead to chronic symptoms that can take you away from your job, family and favorite activities. (laserspineinstitute.com)
1. Osteoarthritis (OA) , also known as degenerative joint disease, is the most common joint problem affecting older dogs and cats. (animalwellnessmagazine.com)
Osteoarthritis , also known as degenerative joint disease (DJD), is a slow and progressive form of degenerative arthritis, that is seen most commonly in the elderly. (health-care-information.org)
To continue in our series of the emotional and stress basis of the top 10 diseases and disorders that people complain about, we will discuss osteoarthritis and joint disease. (voiceamerica.com)
Calling osteoarthritis a disease is like calling aging a disease… It is imply illogical and baseless. (cure-back-pain.org)
Injuries - Sustaining fractures or other injuries to the joints or surrounding bone increases the chance of early-onset osteoarthritis. (laserspineinstitute.com)
The origin) and progression of osteoarthritis should not be thought of as being invariably attributable to a single tissue, such as articular cartilage, but as possibly due to disease in any of the tissues of the affected joint, including the subchondral bone, synovium, capsule, periarticular muscles, sensory nerve endings and meniscus (if present). (caringmedical.com)
Even before that time we here at Caring Medical have published medical research and cited numerous studies that suggests that to treat joint osteoarthritis you must treat the whole joint. (caringmedical.com)
It is important to note that, although associated with old age,osteoarthritis and degenerative joint disease are not simply a result of the aging process, nor are they a result of general wear and tear on joints. (caringmedical.com)
Osteoarthritis and degenerative joint disease almost always begin as a ligament weakness resulting from injury. (caringmedical.com)
Degenerative joint disease (DJD) refers to arthritis or osteoarthritis , which is the result of the gradual deterioration of the articular cartilage within one or more the joints. (vcahospitals.com)
Explores treatments for traumatic arthritis and osteoarthritis and other joint entities , offering a broad range of options and up-to-date recommendations for problematic decisions. (elsevier.com)

This type of arthritis causes the cartilage that acts as cushioning between bone joints to wear away. (healthline.com)
In later stages of the disease, the cartilage wears away entirely, causing bone to rub against bone. (healthline.com)
Dasuquin is one such supplement made of proprietary ingredients, which is known to protect cartilage and facilitate the smooth movements of the joints. (buzzle.com)
Dasuquin comprises avocado/soybean unsaponifiables (ASU)―ingredients that are known to protect cartilage and joints, according to several verified studies. (buzzle.com)
Glucosamine is naturally found in the cartilage of both humans and animals, helping in the lubrication of joints by producing molecules that bind and hold water in the cartilage. (buzzle.com)
A healthy and well-functioning cartilage provides the necessary padding, which helps protect the dog's joints during any movement. (buzzle.com)
Over time this abnormal movement erodes the cartilage that lines the joints and bone begins rubbing against bone creating chronic inflammation and pain. (hillspet.com)
Occasionally, infections can lead to the destruction of, cartilage and joint tissue. (hillspet.com)
cartilage provides a cushion between the bones of the joints . (spineuniverse.com)
This causes the bones under the cartilage to rub together, causing pain, swelling, and loss of joint motion. (spineuniverse.com)
Arthritis and Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are common autoimmune diseases in which killer T-cells of the body's own immune system reprogram themselves to attack joint cartilage, resulting in inflammation and joint destruction. (shirleys-wellness-cafe.com)
Unfortunately, damage and erosion of joint cartilage can cause your dog painful joints and inflammation, making it difficult for your dog to lead a normal life. (1800petmeds.com)
Glucosamine and chondroitin may help to promote joint support, protect joint cartilage, and alleviate pain. (1800petmeds.com)
Some signal abnormalities were common to both groups, such as focal bone marrow edema with cysts, osteochondral and cartilage defects, and joint effusions. (medpagetoday.com)
The joints in the spine, known as facet joints, are covered in cartilage that allows for smooth movement and are the most common painful joints of the lumbar spine that undergo degeneration. (laserspineinstitute.com)
It's caused by chronic inflammation due to the deterioration of joint cartilage. (animalwellnessmagazine.com)
Secondary causes of OA include congenital abnormality of the hip or elbow (dysplasia), trauma, dislocation of the knee or shoulder, and osteochondrosis dissecans (OCD) in which an abnormal flap of cartilage forms within the joint. (animalwellnessmagazine.com)
Lubricin is crucial for normal joint function and the lubrication of cartilage," said researcher Heidi Reesink, an assistant professor in equine health at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Cornell University. (drugs.com)
The joints are lined with a material known as cartilage, which provides a smooth surface over which the joint can 'glide' without difficulty. (health-care-information.org)
Degenerative arthritis causes destruction of the cartilage, predominantly in the weight bearing (high stress) joints of the body. (health-care-information.org)
DJD is caused by the erosion of cartilage around the spinal joints. (cure-back-pain.org)
A normal, healthy joint is surrounded by cartilage and is well lubricated by synovial fluid. (cure-back-pain.org)
When this degeneration occurs, the cartilage is damaged and the lubricating fluid in the joint becomes less effective. (cure-back-pain.org)
Degenerative joint disease is the gradual wearing away of the cartilage that covers the surfaces of the joints in the spine. (laserspineinstitute.com)
These chondrocytes are the worker cells of the cartilage tissue building collagen as it wears to keep joints youthful and functioning. (florahealth.com)
Cartilage damage in OA is detected radiographically by decreases in joint space width (JSW). (europa.eu)
Transplant of lab-grown cartilage is a first in joint-healing studies, says senior author Kyriacos Athanasiou, UCI Distinguished Professor of biomedical engineering. (ucdavis.edu)
Degenerative joint disease (DJD) is a painful condition that results in the deterioration of the cartilage tissues that support the weight-bearing joints in the body. (caringmedical.com)
Once the cartilage is thinned or lost, the constant grinding of bones against each other causes pain and stiffness around the joint . (caringmedical.com)
In other words: If the ligaments become weak and untreated, it will lead to breakdown of cartilage, bone on bone, and a recommendation to joint replacement. (caringmedical.com)
The joint fluid and the articular cartilage reduce friction within the joint, allowing it to move smoothly. (vcahospitals.com)
With severe DJD, the degenerated cartilage may actually split away from the bone and become loose within the joint. (vcahospitals.com)
In addition, medications and nutritional supplements are available that can slow the progress of the disease and promote cartilage healing. (vcahospitals.com)

It calls for the group to spend $230 million over the next five years as researchers look for cures for Alzheimer's disease, type 2 diabetes, and two autoimmune disorders, rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. (voanews.com)
Another possible cause of severe joint pain is rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disease that causes inflammation of the joints and surrounding tissues. (healthline.com)
In the case of rheumatoid arthritis, disease modifying antirheumatic drugs such as methotrexate or white blood cell modulators such as abatacept or rituxen may be prescribed in addition to the drug and exercise regimen described above. (healthline.com)
Current treatments for rheumatoid arthritis relieve the inflammation that leads to joint destruction, but the immunologic defect that triggers the inflammation persists to cause relapses. (medindia.net)
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that affects 1.5 million people in the United States. (medindia.net)
According to Silverman, the reduction of inflammation does not directly reflect the autoimmune disease that causes rheumatoid arthritis. (medindia.net)
The current metrics for evaluating the effectiveness of new rheumatoid arthritis drugs remain focused on reducing inflammation but not curing the disease, he says. (medindia.net)
Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the most common autoimmune disorders diseases caused by the immune system attacking the body's own tissues. (shirleys-wellness-cafe.com)
This disease model was chosen because of its many immunological and pathological similarities to human rheumatoid arthritis. (pnas.org)
Using new analytic tools, researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine and the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have decoded the epigenetic landscape for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a common autoimmune disease that affects more than 1.3 million Americans. (eurekalert.org)
We did not expect to find an overlap between rheumatoid arthritis and Huntington's disease, but discovering the unexpected was the reason that we developed this technology. (eurekalert.org)
This methodology can also be used to find connections between other diseases, not just rheumatoid arthritis," added Firestein. (eurekalert.org)
By revealing the comprehensive epigenetics behind rheumatoid arthritis, we now have a better understanding of this disease. (eurekalert.org)
More importantly, our new approach, could not only help patients with rheumatoid arthritis, but also people with other immune-mediated diseases," Firestein said. (eurekalert.org)
DJD does not necessarily produce the remarkable joint swelling, warmth, and tenderness as that of septic arthritis or rheumatoid arthritis. (health-care-information.org)
The prognosis 3 years after the onset of the disease was studied in 107 patients with definite rheumatoid arthritis, 161 with probable RA or non-specific arthritis, 84 with either ankylosing spondylitis, Reiter's disease or reactive arthritis, 14 with psoriatic arthritis and 10 with a systemic connective tissue disease. (nih.gov)
The Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) Center for Arthritis and Joint Diseases evaluates and treats the entire spectrum of the more than 100 causes of arthritis, with a specialized focus in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriatic arthritis, and spine disorders. (brighamandwomens.org)
From its origins as the Robert Breck Brigham Hospital, the first teaching hospital in this country wholly devoted to the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and related diseases, the Center has become a focus for pioneering research, innovative therapeutics and world-class care for arthritis sufferers. (brighamandwomens.org)
It has helped to make significant advances in the treatment of arthritis and other joint diseases, including the recent development of a highly effective medication for rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. (brighamandwomens.org)
On the other hand, the inflammation associated with Crohn s may also directly cause fatigue and Crohn s can be associated with a RA (rheumatoid arthritis)-like syndrome causing joint inflammation. (healthboards.com)
These results indicate that it is not the intestinal bacteria themselves, but their metabolites that influence the immune system and have a preventive effect on autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. (naturalnews.com)
MADRID - A new multibiomarker disease test, in combination with clinical measures, may be effective in predicting joint damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, according to data presented at the EULAR Annual Congress. (healio.com)
The study included more than 800 patients with [rheumatoid arthritis] RA who received conventional [disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs] DMARDs alone or with adalimumab, infliximab or abatacept. (healio.com)
Rheumatoid disease of the spine is a morbid consequence of untreated longstanding severe cervical spinal rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-an inflammatory autoimmune disease that attacks the ligaments, joints, and bones of the neck. (wikipedia.org)
The condition "juvenile-onset Still's disease" is now usually grouped under juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. (wikipedia.org)

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is characterized by a marked heterogeneity in clinical and hematologic severity [ 1,2 ], with bone and joint problems being the most common manifestations. (uptodate.com)
Bone and joint complications in SCD are discussed here. (uptodate.com)
The World Health Organization , the White House and the British government have declared the first 10 years of the 21st century "The Bone and Joint Decade. (jpost.com)
J Bone Joint Surg Am . 1977 Apr. (medscape.com)
The authors stated that these observations confirm that extensive bone edema and fracture formation are early features of neuropathic joint disease near the time of clinical presentation, helping explain the presence of bone debris in the synovium, which has long been recognized as an early histologic feature. (medpagetoday.com)
According to the authors, the diffuse bone involvement seen in these patients also may have implications for treatment, because prompt administration of bisphosphonates might slow the joint remodeling. (medpagetoday.com)
The interesting finding of ligament damage and bone debris in early [neuropathic joint disease] requires further investigation in a larger cohort," they concluded. (medpagetoday.com)
Severe degenerative joint disease occurs when years of strain on the body, combined with age-related dehydration, causes the joint linings to wear down and create potentially painful bone-on-bone contact. (laserspineinstitute.com)
This can cause joint swelling and bone spurs that can narrow the spinal canal and potentially create painful local and radiating symptoms. (laserspineinstitute.com)
Since the joint and bone damage are largely irreversible in patients, prevention becomes critical. (eurekalert.org)
To address the latest question, genetic engineering was used to overproduce KLK6, which resulted in the development of a psoriasis-like skin disease as well as bone and joint disease. (eurekalert.org)
They also found that "knocking out," or deleting, PAR1 led to a reduction in skin inflammation and, "more profoundly," Ward said, a significant improvement in bone and joint problems. (eurekalert.org)
These findings suggest that chronic inflammation originating in the skin has the capacity to cause distant joint and bone destruction seen in arthritis. (eurekalert.org)
Our physicians collaborate with BWH specialists in bone and joint radiology, occupational and physical therapy, podiatry, orthopedics, pain management, dermatology, physiatry, neurology and other services to provide comprehensive and effective arthritis care to more than 30,000 patients each year. (brighamandwomens.org)
Pains of bone and joints have been dealt as a major subject in Ayurveda. (ayurhelp.com)
With long-running inflammatory bowel disease there may be also be a risk of bone problems (low bone density) due to low absorption of vitamin D or calcium. (healthboards.com)
Instead it receives some of its nutrients from small vessels in the bone that lies beneath it and the rest by absorbing nutrients from the joint fluid. (vcahospitals.com)
DJD can occur following a number of joint diseases, including infection, and may develop after bone or joint injury or surgery. (vcahospitals.com)
Degenerative joint disease, ventrodorsal projection, characterized by irregular bone margins in the joint. (merckvetmanual.com)

Studies abroad show that half of those over the age of 65 will at some time suffer from chronic rheumatic diseases. (jpost.com)
Hepatitis B vaccine might be followed by various rheumatic conditions and might trigger the onset of underlying inflammatory or autoimmune rheumatic diseases. (shirleys-wellness-cafe.com)
Patients with rheumatic diseases who have joint replacement surgery are at increased risk for joint infection, a potentially devastating complication," said Susan Goodman, MD, co-principal investigator and a rheumatologist at Hospital for Special Surgery in New York City. (eurekalert.org)
Biologic medications should be withheld as close to one dosing cycle as scheduling permits prior to elective hip or knee replacement and restarted after evidence of wound healing, typically 14 days, for all patients with rheumatic diseases. (eurekalert.org)
Research into SARDS (Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases) at a population level, including detailed epidemiological research. (providencehealthcare.org)

The ultimate goal of JPND is to find cures for neurodegenerative diseases and to enable early diagnosis for early targeted treatments. (sfi.ie)
We analyzed the genetic correlation with multiple neurodegenerative diseases, and found that PSP had shared polygenic heritability with Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. (springer.com)
In total, we identified 6 additional significant or suggestive SNP associations with PSP, and discovered genetic overlap with other neurodegenerative diseases. (springer.com)
Tau pathology is a prominent hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). (springer.com)
While the disease shares neuropathological overlap with other tauopathies, the polygenic genetic correlation with other neurodegenerative diseases remains to be clarified. (springer.com)

Within 3 months of presentation, the patient developed the typical clinical and radiographic changes of chronic NJD with foot deformity (lateral deviation of the metatarsophalangeal joints) and florid osteoarthritic changes with loss of joint space. (diabetesjournals.org)
See 'Overview of the clinical manifestations of sickle cell disease' . (uptodate.com)
The module of rheumatology, clinical immunology, and allergy tackles the approach to patients with an inflammatory, immune, allergic disease through a multidisciplinary approach based on history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging. (unimi.it)
Of note, clinical immunology is largely overlapping with rheumatology and manifests some peculiar interests such as immune deficiencies and shared grounds such as connective tissue diseases. (unimi.it)
The objective of joint therapy is to decrease pain using an osteoarthritic drug that modifies clinical signs and to minimize further deterioration with a disease-modifying osteoarthritic drug. (thehorse.com)
TN3-19.12, a hamster IgG1 monoclonal antibody to murine TNF-alpha/beta, was injected i.p. into mice either before the onset of arthritis or after the establishment of clinical disease. (pnas.org)
More relevant to human disease was the capacity of the antibody to reduce the clinical score, paw swelling, and the histological severity of disease even when injected after the onset of clinical arthritis. (pnas.org)
These methods are used to determine whether prosthetic joint infection, sometimes unrecognized by currently used methods, is being missed in clinical practice. (mayo.edu)
However, The Royal College of General Practitioners has just identified Inflammatory Bowel Disease as a Clinical Priority Spotlight Project for 2017-2018. (express.co.uk)
Prognosis was measured by clinical involvement of joints, radiological erosions in joints, deterioration in joint function, ESR, and working ability. (nih.gov)
Prediction of motor diagnosis in Huntington's disease (HD) can be improved by incorporating other phenotypic and biological clinical measures in addition to cytosine-adenine-guanine (CAG) repeat length and age. (nih.gov)
One recent interest in computer-aided diagnosis of neurological diseases is to predict the clinical scores from brain images. (springer.com)
This research group arose with the objective of, through the collaboration of clinical and basic investigators, to deepen into the knowledge of the physiology, genetics and clinic of rare diseases. (cipf.es)
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease: genetic and clinical spectrum in a Spanish clinical series. (cipf.es)
Diagnosis and management of prosthetic joint infection: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. (nih.gov)
Diseases affecting the skin and adnexal structures (e.g., mammary glands) account for many of the clinical abnormalities observed in mice and rats. (nap.edu)
In addition to ectromelia virus, other causes of appendage amputations (Mycoplasma arthritidis, Streptobacillus moniliformis, Corynebacterium kutscheri, and "ringtail") are included because of clinical overlap with the pox diseases. (nap.edu)
Joint diseases, although rare in rodents, have been included here for clinical reasons. (nap.edu)
Clinical problems involving joints and soft tissues, as well as allied conditions of the body's connective tissues. (providencehealthcare.org)
Clinical trials of biologic therapies in rheumatologic diseases. (providencehealthcare.org)
Arthrogryposis or Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is not a specific diagnosis but a clinical finding of permanent shortening of joints (also termed non-progressive congenital contractures) present at birth. (medindia.net)
We conducted a joint analysis of 5,523,934 imputed SNPs in two newly-genotyped progressive supranuclear palsy cohorts, primarily derived from two clinical trials (Allon davunetide and NNIPPS riluzole trials in PSP) and a previously published genome-wide association study (GWAS), in total comprising 1646 cases and 10,662 controls of European ancestry. (springer.com)
Although DJD is not usually an inflammatory disease, mild inflammation plays a part in causing clinical signs. (vcahospitals.com)
One set of 21 adult-onset Still's disease patients were divided into four types, according to clinical course patterns. (wikipedia.org)

THURSDAY, Dec. 3, 2020 -- Even before signs of Alzheimer's disease or dementia appear, people are prone to make poor financial decisions, a new study finds. (drugs.com)
Increasing scientific evidence suggests it also may have a role in certain inflammatory skin diseases as well as cancer, multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. (eurekalert.org)
To receive news and publication updates for International Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, enter your email address in the box below. (hindawi.com)
Most MRI studies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) have assessed structural, perfusion and diffusion abnormalities separately while ignoring the relationships across imaging modalities. (hindawi.com)
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are two of the most common and devastating disorders that result in dementia in the elderly population. (hindawi.com)

Psoriatic arthritis, a form of arthritis that affects some people who have skin disease psoriasis, is characterized by symptoms such as joint pain, stiffness and swelling. (reuters.com)
Dasuquin is a joint supplement prescribed for dogs who display symptoms of arthritis. (buzzle.com)
Symptoms include pain and stiffness in your lower spine and near the bottom of your back at the sacroiliac joints. (healthline.com)
Some people may even have symptoms of AS months or years before their Crohn's disease symptoms appear. (healthline.com)
It's also been shown that some infectious organisms may not directly induce arthritis but can set off an immune reaction in the body that produces arthritic symptoms of inflammation in the joints. (shirleys-wellness-cafe.com)
There are no bacteria in the joints themselves, but the immune response triggers the symptoms. (shirleys-wellness-cafe.com)
While there is no cure for severe degenerative joint disease, there are many effective conservative treatment options that can help relieve the symptoms of this condition. (laserspineinstitute.com)
In the interim, JPND has identified through its research strategy common research goals that would benefit from joint action between countries in order to accelerate progress on solutions that can alleviate the symptoms, and lessen the social and economic impact for patients, families and health care systems. (sfi.ie)
CROHN'S disease and ulcerative colitis - both inflammatory bowel diseases or IBD - can cause severe pain, suffering and symptoms for sufferers. (express.co.uk)
They also found the condition is causing under 30s to feel embarrassed - 34 per cent - and isolated - 48 per cent when it comes to disclosing their disease and symptoms. (express.co.uk)
She has serious symptoms including joint problems, bad eyesight, drowsiness from her medication and an associated liver condition. (express.co.uk)
Experts said the prevalence of Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis is rising but the lack of awareness has not been helped by delays in identifying symptoms within the healthcare system. (express.co.uk)
Common symptoms and the appearance of degenerative arthritis include a long history (over years) of episodic joint pain with occasional mild swelling to the joints. (health-care-information.org)
While aging is unavoidable, knowing about other degenerative joint disease risk factors can potentially lower your risk of developing symptoms, or slow down their development if you have already been diagnosed. (laserspineinstitute.com)
Although it is impossible to completely prevent degenerative joint disease , there are some lifestyle changes that can possibly slow the development of symptoms. (laserspineinstitute.com)
If you have been dealing with chronic pain related to degenerative joint disease, the good news is that effective treatments are available for your symptoms. (laserspineinstitute.com)
Improvement of vertigonous symptoms on patients with purely functional disorders of the craniovertebral joints as well as on patients with combined functional disorders of the craniovertebral joints and labyrinth could be seen. (chiro.org)
People with AOSD generally experience one of two patterns in the disease: a debilitating pattern of fevers, pain, and other systemic symptoms, or a somewhat less aggressive pattern, in which the main symptom is arthritis and chronic joint pain. (wikipedia.org)

This painful condition affects the joints and reduces mobility to a great degree. (buzzle.com)
When it wears away, joints become swollen and painful. (hillspet.com)
Historically the manipulable joint lesion has, from the beginning of the chiropractic profession, been described as a painful stiff joint. (chiro.org)
If you have arthritis, your joints will be painful and also swollen. (healthline.com)
He may also limp on the affected limb or lick excessively at the painful joint. (animalwellnessmagazine.com)
Joints may be swollen, hot and painful to the animal when touched. (sentinelandenterprise.com)

Arthritis in cats occurs when a joint is unstable causing the bones to move abnormally within the joint. (hillspet.com)
A joint is where two bones meet, like at the knee or shoulder. (healthdirect.gov.au)
The researchers found that an overabundance of a protein known as KLK6 can produce and worsen the skin inflammation characteristic of psoriasis, and--even more significant--that KLK6 can play a key role in damaging the joints and bones of people with the disorder. (eurekalert.org)
The associated psoriatic arthritis can cause disabling damage to bones and joints. (eurekalert.org)
Because that damage also is irreversible, study researchers said it is critical to identify patients with psoriatic arthritis early to prevent further destruction to their bones, tendons and joints. (eurekalert.org)
Whenever the body needs to move bones, bones work with muscles, tendons and ligaments to form joints and simple machines called levers. (preventdisease.com)
When the arm is bent the lower arm bones represent the rigid bar, the elbow joint is the fulcrum, the hand is the weight that is moved, and the force is supplied by muscles on the anterior side (front) of the upper arm. (preventdisease.com)
Vitiated ' VATA' is the major cause for pain in bones and joints. (ayurhelp.com)
Every joint aches and my bones hurt. (healthboards.com)
A study published in Nature Communications revealed following a fiber-rich diet has a positive effect on chronic inflammatory joint diseases like arthritis , resulting in stronger bones. (naturalnews.com)
A joint connects two or more bones together. (vcahospitals.com)
Most joints in the body are mobile, allowing the bones to move in relationship to each other. (vcahospitals.com)

A randomized, multicenter trial reported better outcomes in a group of 12 patients treated with anakinra than in a group of 10 patients taking other disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. (wikipedia.org)

Been living with Crohn's Disease for 32 years. (healingwell.com)
Crohn's Disease and Joint Pain: What's the Connection? (healthline.com)
People with Crohn's disease have chronic inflammation in lining of their digestive tract. (healthline.com)
The exact cause of Crohn's disease isn't known, but this inflammation involves an overreaction of the immune system. (healthline.com)
Crohn's disease also has a genetic component. (healthline.com)
In other words, people with particular gene mutations are more susceptible to Crohn's disease. (healthline.com)
If you have Crohn's disease, you may also be at an increased risk of arthritis. (healthline.com)
Crohn's disease arthralgia doesn't cause damage to your joints. (healthline.com)
Arthritis may affect up to 20 percent of those with Crohn's disease. (healthline.com)
Arthritis that occurs with Crohn's disease is a bit different from regular arthritis because it starts at a younger age. (healthline.com)
What type of arthritis is most common in people with Crohn's disease? (healthline.com)
There are three major types of arthritis that can occur in people with Crohn's disease. (healthline.com)
A majority of the arthritis that occurs in people with Crohn's disease is called peripheral arthritis. (healthline.com)
A smaller percentage of those with Crohn's disease have a type of arthritis known as symmetrical polyarthritis. (healthline.com)
Finally, a small percentage of people with Crohn's disease will develop a severe condition known as ankylosing spondylitis (AS). (healthline.com)
However, NSAIDs aren't recommended for people with Crohn's disease. (healthline.com)
Your doctor may also want to adjust your Crohn's disease medications. (healthline.com)
Crohn's Disease is a condition that causes inflammation of the digestive system or gut. (express.co.uk)
The two main forms of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) are Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. (express.co.uk)

Earlier this week, the FDA determined additional review time was necessary for Pfizer's application to market Xeljanz as a treatment for ulcerative colitis, a bowel disease. (reuters.com)
Ulcerative colitis is another example of inflammatory bowel disease - which causes condition that causes inflammation and ulceration of the inner lining of the rectum and colon (the large bowel). (express.co.uk)
I've been battling these diseases, first Ulcerative Colitis in the 80's, then J-Pouch surgery in the 90's, and now Crohn's. (healthboards.com)

Therefore, the proposed European Research Area Network on cardiovascular diseases (ERA-CVD) aims to coordinate national and regional programmes for translational research in the area CVD by implementing one Joint Transnational Call (JTC2016) with EU Co-funding followed by further non-co-funded JTC (2017-2019). (europa.eu)

Ten of the world's biggest drug companies -- normally the most competitive of rivals -- are joining with U.S. health experts in an unusual new effort to develop treatments for major diseases. (voanews.com)
If, however, these treatments have been unsuccessful in reducing pain in your hips and knees, it may be time to consider full joint replacement surgery. (healthline.com)
Ayurveda help through ayurveda consultations ayurveda treatments remedy for diseases. (ayurhelp.com)
Treatments for a fatal disease affecting some of the world's poorest people will be assessed by a Professor from Banaras Hindu University in Varanasi who will collaborate with a scientist at the Queensland Institute of Medical Research. (medindia.net)
The main reason for such diseases to be neglected is because the affected population has no financial means to pay for the treatments. (unu.edu)
The study's findings offer a promising approach for the development of alternative treatments for inflammatory joint diseases and osteoporosis, which is often experienced by postmenopausal women. (naturalnews.com)
In these articles you will find my comments on personal observations of misguided treatments based on MRI and unnecessary knee surgeries that accelerated the joint degeneration. (caringmedical.com)
Dr. McIlwraith's Joint Disease in the Horse, 2nd Edition is the only book to give you a full account of equine joint disease, combining a thorough, up-to-date survey of scientific advances with a practical guide to both medical and surgical treatments. (elsevier.com)
The cause of adult-onset Still's disease is unknown, but it presumably involves interleukin-1 (IL-1), since medications that block the action of IL-1β are effective treatments. (wikipedia.org)

The literature was reviewed concerning the effects of joint immobilization on the degeneration of articular and periarticular connective tissue. (chiro.org)
This essay explores the origins of spinal joint degeneration and lists the most common contributing factors to serious cases of joint deterioration. (cure-back-pain.org)
In joints with advanced degeneration there was often evidence of a slight lateral subluxation of the femur relative to the tibia. (nih.gov)
It's logical that a large breed like a Great Dane will be more vulnerable to hip and joint degeneration than a Chihuahua might be. (florahealth.com)
Left untreated, or mistreated in many cases, ligament damage leads to further degeneration of the joint. (caringmedical.com)

For accurate diagnosis and treatment options, always consult your veterinarian and ask them to recommend the best food for your cat's arthritis and joint mobility health. (hillspet.com)
Provide a general approach to the diagnosis, management, and treatment of patients with a rheumatological, immunological, or allergic disease. (unimi.it)
Basic research to better understand the mechanisms of diseases, novel detection and diagnosis, development of novel preventatives (vaccines) and therapeutics as well as behavioural, social and/or economic determinants of diseases are required to effectively tackle infectious diseases. (mrc.ac.uk)
The Infectious Diseases Lab at Mayo Clinic is developing a suite of methods to detect bacteria in biofilms and applying them to the diagnosis of prosthetic joint (and other biofilm-mediated) infection. (mayo.edu)
Dynamic Prediction of Motor Diagnosis in Huntington's Disease Using a Joint Modeling Approach. (nih.gov)
Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines for the diagnosis and management of prosthetic joint infection: what is the correct duration of antibiotic treatment? (nih.gov)
Therefore, there is an acute need for reliable biomarkers and diagnostic tests that can facilitate earlier diagnosis of OA, and inform the prognosis, monitoring and therapeutic strategies for chronic and disabling forms of this disease. (europa.eu)
However, there is currently a lack of reliable, quantifiable and easily measured biomarkers that provide an earlier diagnosis of OA, inform on the prognostic of the disease and monitor and predict responses to therapeutic modalities. (europa.eu)
The aim of the D-BOARD consortium is to bring together leading academic institutions and European Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to focus on the identification, validation and qualification of new combination biomarkers and the development of diagnostic tests capable of subclinical disease diagnosis for degenerative and inflammatory diseases of joints. (europa.eu)
Mayo Clinic has developed new techniques for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with SI joint dysfunction. (mayoclinic.org)
The diagnosis of SI joint dysfunction requires an extensive patient history and comprehensive physical examination. (mayoclinic.org)
The disease is considered a diagnosis of exclusion. (wikipedia.org)
AOSD may present in a similar manner to other inflammatory diseases and to autoimmune diseases, which must be ruled out before making the diagnosis. (wikipedia.org)

En las imágenes de la tomografía computarizada axial se ilustran dos presentaciones diferentes del dolor articular sacroilíaco (SI, por sus siglas en inglés) severo. (mayoclinic.org)
B. En la imagen no se muestra una degeneración articular significativa. (mayoclinic.org)
These included monocyclic systemic disease, polycyclic systemic disease, chronic articular monocyclic systemic disease, and chronic articular polycyclic systemic disease. (wikipedia.org)
People with chronic articular disease and polyarticular disease were at higher risk to develop disabling arthritis. (wikipedia.org)

But in a certain genetically defined section of the population, Klebsiella activates an autoimmune reaction called ankylosing spondylitis, which involves inflamed, arthritic joints. (shirleys-wellness-cafe.com)

This progressive inflammatory condition affects your sacroiliac joints and spine. (healthline.com)
Reach out to Laser Spine Institute today for your no-cost MRI review* to see if you are a potential candidate for one of our procedures that can get your life back from severe degenerative joint disease. (laserspineinstitute.com)
The main joints affected by DJD are the hands, hips, knees, cervical (neck) spine, and the lower back. (health-care-information.org)
What is degenrative joint disease of the spine? (zocdoc.com)
Degenerative joint disease or degenerative disc disease of the spine is an extremely common condition especially in people over the age of 40. (zocdoc.com)
Degenerative joint disease of the spine can also cause low back pain. (zocdoc.com)
This is probably the main way in which degenerative joint disease in spine actually gets diagnosed. (zocdoc.com)
This is the doctor that is most equipped to deal with low back pain and is very experienced in dealing with degenerative disc disease of the spine. (zocdoc.com)
The following are all factors which contribute to degenerative joint disease in the spine or cause it directly. (cure-back-pain.org)
Extra weight on the spine and joints will obviously be more stressful. (cure-back-pain.org)
The facet joints that connect the vertebrae in the spine are vulnerable to wear and tear and are common locations for degenerative joint disease to occur. (laserspineinstitute.com)

Also known as degenerative joint disease, it can be a source of chronic pain and negatively affect your cat's quality of life. (hillspet.com)

Case study: the triad of spinal pain, spinal joint dysfunction, and extremity pain associated with 'Wii-itis' in 4 pediatric cases respond well to chiropractic treatment. (greenmedinfo.com)
Degenerative joint disease is a spinal arthritis condition that is a normal part of the aging process. (cure-back-pain.org)
Spinal facet joints degenerate due to normal wear and tear from a lifetime of use. (cure-back-pain.org)
Vertebral rubbing causes spurs, or osteophytes, to form around the spinal joints. (cure-back-pain.org)
while practicing good posture and proper lifting technique can reduce the negative impact from sports and activities that place wear on spinal joints. (laserspineinstitute.com)
The SI joint is often glossed over as a pain generator, especially in people who have had spinal fusion and experience continued pain," says William W. Cross III, M.D. , an orthopedic surgeon at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. (mayoclinic.org)
In our clinic we routinely see patients who have had one, two or even three spinal fusions but develop or continue to have SI joint pain. (mayoclinic.org)
But with force transfer after spinal fusion, the SI joints can move a couple of millimeters," he says. (mayoclinic.org)
We have seen patients ranging in age from their mid-30s to their 80s who have had degenerative changes in the SI joint after spinal fusion," Dr. Cross says. (mayoclinic.org)

however the infectious disease component must be the primary area of focus. (mrc.ac.uk)
A major obstacle in the spatial analysis of infectious disease surveillance data is the problem of under-reporting. (ebscohost.com)
14: 61-82) for more than two chronic diseases to the infectious disease setting. (ebscohost.com)
In addition, it is vital that the data do not contain large local outbreaks, so adjustment based on a time series method recently proposed by (Held L, HÃ¶hle M, Hofmann M. A statistical framework for the analysis of multivariate infectious disease surveillance data. (ebscohost.com)
We will illustrate our approach through the analysis of gastrointestinal diseases notification data obtained from the German infectious disease surveillance system, administered by the Robert Koch Institute in Berlin. (ebscohost.com)
I hope you are being evaluated and treated by an Infectious Disease Specialist. (doctorslounge.com)
These guidelines are intended for use by infectious disease specialists, orthopedists, and other healthcare professionals who care for patients with prosthetic joint infection (PJI). (nih.gov)
Leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) refers to the spectrum of infectious disease produced by species of the Leishmania parasite. (medindia.net)

Full joint replacement surgery is what it sounds like it: the replacement of a diseased joint, in this case the knee or the hip, with prostheses made of either metal, plastic, or ceramic. (healthline.com)
Anyone who suffers from extreme hip or knee pain that keeps them from going about their day-to-day lives should consider joint replacement surgery. (healthline.com)
I placed my lidoderm patches on my right knee and right ankle (the 2 joints that bother me the most) hopefully the pain will go away soon. (healingwell.com)
There are at least 150,000 Israelis of various ages who have had to undergo surgery to replace damaged joints - in the hip, knee, wrist, shoulder, ankle and other parts of the body. (jpost.com)
I therefore propose to offer a few remarks on some of the morbid affections of the knee-joint. (massmed.org)
FRIDAY, Oct. 23, 2020 -- High levels of a protein that lubricates the knee joint may actually be a harbinger of impending joint disease, a surprising animal study suggests. (drugs.com)
But Reesink found that in dogs that suffered a ligament tear in the knee, lubricin levels increased within the joint, which is the opposite of the conventional assumptions. (drugs.com)
The knee joints from males of two strains (CBA/ORT and STR/ORT) were studied histologically. (nih.gov)
Joint Pain And Total Knee Surgery Part Of Celiac Disease? (celiac.com)

The disease is common in people over 60, but may also occur to younger individuals. (healthline.com)
Arthralgia can occur in many different joints throughout your body. (healthline.com)
Whether your best friend is already suffering from joint disease and you want to know what you can do to help or you want to be ready when this all-too-common ailment does occur, this book is for you! (audible.com)
These same processes can occur in all the vertebral joints, as well as on the vertebral bodies themselves. (cure-back-pain.org)
This suggests that clinicians need to aggressively treat patients with psoriasis to prevent the arthritis changes, which generally occur after the skin disease presents itself. (eurekalert.org)
Dogs that develop Lyme disease, which may occur two to five months after exposure, will have acute or subacute arthritis. (sentinelandenterprise.com)
Although the anterior subluxation of the atlantoaxial joint is the most common manifestation of the disorder, subluxation can also occur with posterior or vertical movement, and subaxial (below C2) joints can also be involved. (wikipedia.org)

The frequency of joint disease has been further reduced as increasing numbers of individuals with severe hemophilia have participated in prophylactic programs. (cdc.gov)
If you are experiencing severe joint discomfort, surgical treatment may help you reduce your pain and regain natural motion. (healthline.com)
Severe joint pain may also cause you to be unable to sleep, or to wake up repeatedly throughout the night. (healthline.com)
I am expecting my period Tuesday and the joint pain got severe while I was in the waitintg room at my surgeons office today. (healingwell.com)
Dasuquin is not a replacement for surgery or severe immobilization of the joints. (buzzle.com)
According to the latest information from the Cambodian MoH and the WHO on July 12, a severe form of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) was the cause of the illnesses and deaths in the majority of the cases recently reported to the MoH in Cambodia. (gov.hk)
Surgery usually becomes an option when weeks or months of conservative treatment for severe degenerative joint disease do not bring the level of desired pain relief and a return to normal activity. (laserspineinstitute.com)
Pain is severe and specific to mostly the hand joints, I also have been living on malox for gastric distress, heart burn. (ehealthforum.com)
Prognosis is usually favorable but manifestations of the disease affecting the lungs, heart, or kidneys may occasionally cause severe life-threatening complications. (wikipedia.org)

Strong muscles can protect joints from injury. (cdc.gov)
Physical therapy to strengthen muscles can take stress off the joints and will have a dramatic effect on decreasing the arthritic pain (and progression of the disease). (health-care-information.org)
T he general stability of synovial joints is established by action of surrounding muscles. (chiro.org)
Excessive joint stress results in strained muscles and tendons and sprained or ruptured ligaments and capsules. (chiro.org)

As infection risk is linked to the use of anti-rheumatic medication, our goal was to develop recommendations on when to stop medication prior to joint replacement and the optimal time for patients to restart treatment after surgery. (eurekalert.org)
The patient panel, which had significant input, attached far greater importance to preventing infection at the time of surgery than to the possibility of a disease flare from stopping medication. (eurekalert.org)
Giardiasis is a communicable gastrointestinal disease caused by Giardia duodenalis and two genetic assemblages, A and B, cause human infection. (ebscohost.com)
Recommendations for rifampicin therapy of staphylococcal infection in Infectious Diseases Society of America prosthetic Joint Infection Guidelines are not supported by available literature. (nih.gov)

Supplying chondroitin, for example, earlier in life rather than later, prompts the chondrocytes in the joint tissues to stay 'ON' and work at full potential. (florahealth.com)
As our pets age, the tissues lining the joints may deteriorate and degenerate. (vcahospitals.com)

The lining of synovial joints is slightly phagocytic, is regenerative if damaged, and secretes synovial fluid that is a nutritive lubricant having bacteriostatic and anticoagulant characteristics. (chiro.org)
Synovial versus mechanical causes of joint pain are shown in Table 1. (chiro.org)
The thin inner lining of the joint capsule, called the synovial membrane , produces joint fluid (synovial fluid) to lubricate the joint. (vcahospitals.com)

Unfortunately, most of these patients still develop at least one chronic joint in their lifetimes. (cdc.gov)
As this population ages, the associated disabilities and pain from joint disease have become pressing concerns for many patients. (cdc.gov)
Joint replacements have been performed successfully on patients of all ages, from younger patients with juvenile arthritis to elderly patients with degenerative arthritis. (healthline.com)
Restoration of joint space was observed in 6 patients. (chiro.org)
The manipulative therapist identified correctly all 15 patients with proven symptomatic zygapophysial joints, and specified correctly the segmental level of the symptomatic joint. (chiro.org)
What causes chronic debilitating joint disease in patients with hemophilia A? (medscape.com)
Prior to our study, there was little to no consensus among orthopedic surgeons or rheumatologists on the optimal way to manage anti-rheumatic medication in patients having joint replacement surgery, and this often led to uncertainty in decision-making for physicians and patients alike," Dr. Goodman noted. (eurekalert.org)
Firestein and team studied the epigenome in cells from the joints of patients with RA. (eurekalert.org)
There are three main components to this work: to improve the scientific understanding of the disease, improve the medical tools available to doctors to identify and treat the disease, and to improve the social care and structures available to assist patients, their families, and health service providers so that patients can receive optimum care at all stages of their illness. (sfi.ie)
The prognosis was best in patients with an "HLA B 27-associated" disease and non-specific arthritis, and worst in RA. (nih.gov)
Two patients died during the follow-up of systemic connective tissue disease and one committed suicide with an overdose of hydroxychloroquine. (nih.gov)
The strongest predictor was used to illustrate the dynamic prediction of the disease risk and future trajectories of biomarkers for three hypothetical patients. (nih.gov)
In our opinion chiropractic treatment is mandatory for the therapy of patients with vestibular affections and functional disorders of the craniovertebral joints. (chiro.org)
The sacroiliac (SI) joint is a common but underrecognized source of continuing back pain in patients who have surgical fusions for the treatment of back pain. (mayoclinic.org)
Research has established that the SI joint is the source of pain in nearly half of patients who experience new or continued low back pain after fusion surgery. (mayoclinic.org)
The maneuver, what I have termed the Mayo SI test, manipulates the SI joint in such a way that it can cause extreme pain in some patients," Dr. Cross says. (mayoclinic.org)
It will also change the way healthcare is delivered as this needs to be addressed in a holistic way to empower patients, reduce the disease burden and optimise the use of healthcare resources" said Liuska Sanna, in charge of the project at EPF. (eu-patient.eu)
The European Patients' Forum (EPF) is an umbrella organisation of patient organisations across Europe and across disease-areas. (eu-patient.eu)
Our 75 members include disease-specific patient groups active at EU level and national coalitions of patients. (eu-patient.eu)
Patients experiencing a flare-up from Adult-onset Still's disease usually report extreme fatigue, swelling of the lymph nodes and, less commonly, fluid accumulation in the lungs and heart. (wikipedia.org)

1, 2 ] Joint stiffness, commonly called hypomobility (also known in the chiropractic profession as "fixation") has become by consensus one of the most important aspects of the manipulable joint lesion in the professions of chiropractic, osteopathy, and manual medicine. (chiro.org)

Attention will be dedicated also to the numerous comorbidities shared by immune-mediated diseases, including cardiovascular disease and reproductive defects. (unimi.it)

Arthritis is an inflammatory joint condition that causes pain in the joints. (healthline.com)

Hemarthrosis (bleeding into the joints) is a major complication of hemorrhagic disorders. (britannica.com)

Heart disease risk is even higher with lupus, and a new study suggests that gout, another common kind of arthritis, is also linked to cardiovascular disease. (harvard.edu)
Although no one knows exactly how these conditions are connected to cardiovascular disease, it is possible they all spring from the same source-inflammation. (harvard.edu)
It will mainly focus on cardiovascular diseases including stroke and diabetes acting on common risk factors such as tobacco, alcohol, nutrition and physical activity. (eu-patient.eu)
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the largest cause of death in the EU and account for around 2 million deaths per year. (europa.eu)

Communicable diseases continue to be the major cause of morbidity and mortality in Indonesia. (mrc.ac.uk)
Thus the burden of communicable diseases - and the possibility of emerging diseases with epidemic or pandemic potential - are a major concern. (mrc.ac.uk)
Background: The global burden of disease has shifted from communicable diseases in children to chronic diseases in adults. (ebscohost.com)

OA can be a primary disease, caused by "wear and tear" on the joints with aging, or secondary to underlying disease. (animalwellnessmagazine.com)

Consider using dog stairs and pet ramps to help cushion your dog's joints as he or she climbs up onto furniture. (1800petmeds.com)

Funding for this research came, in part, by Janssen Pharmaceuticals, the Rheumatology Research Foundation (Disease Targeted Research), and the National Institutes of Health (R01AR065466, R01HG009626). (ucsd.edu)
St. Paul's Hospital has the only specialized clinics in BC for systemic autoimmune inflammatory diseases (SARDs) including the St. Paul's Scleroderma Clinic, Systemic Lupus Clinic, Dermatology Clinic and Rheumatology Treatment Clinic. (providencehealthcare.org)

The drug is known to be useful in delaying the progression of this degenerative joint disease. (buzzle.com)
But limited data are available on anatomic factors that could be predictive of disease progression, and conventional radiography is not sufficiently sensitive to detect early changes. (medpagetoday.com)
The goals of treatment are to improve the quality of life by minimizing pain and discomfort and to delay the progression of disease. (vcahospitals.com)
with new artwork and a range of new images including radiographs showing both the normal and the disease progression. (elsevier.com)
Progression of disease is measured via anterior atlantodental interval (AADI), and posterior atlantodental interval (PADI). (wikipedia.org)

Mild joint pain can be treated with over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin). (healthline.com)
Normally, doctors would recommend using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like aspirin (Bufferin) or ibuprofen (Motrin IB, Aleve) to relieve joint pain and swelling. (healthline.com)
Several prescription drugs are available to help with joint pain. (healthline.com)
Non-steroidal inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly prescribed by many veterinarians to help ease joint pain associated with arthritis and after recent surgery. (1800petmeds.com)
The study included traditional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), biologic agents, tofacitinib, and glucocorticoids. (eurekalert.org)
The research team, led by senior author Gary S. Firestein, MD, dean and associate vice chancellor of translational medicine at UC San Diego School of Medicine, said the unexpected connection between RA and Huntington's disease opens up the possibility of new therapeutic targets and drugs for both conditions. (eurekalert.org)
NSAIDS (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) can be used to control inflammation in the joints and provide pain relief. (vcahospitals.com)

The neuropathic condition also was characterized by ligament and capsular disruption, joint subluxation of the hindfoot, and abnormalities of the major supporting ligaments of the midfoot. (medpagetoday.com)

Fixed segments had more degenerative changes than nonfixed segments for all Z joint parameters (ANOVA, P (chiro.org)
These findings indicate that fixation (hypomobility) results in time-dependent degenerative changes of the zygapophysial joints. (chiro.org)
Joints that have been previously injured (fracture), or subject to chronic stress (obese patient) can also develop degenerative changes in the younger patient. (health-care-information.org)
Persistent abnormal motion in the SI joint can lead to premature degenerative changes. (mayoclinic.org)
It is important to note, however, that the absence of degenerative changes in the SI joint does not eliminate the SI joint as a potential pain generator. (mayoclinic.org)

This evidence is based not only on the universal presence of TNF-alpha in arthritic joints accompanied by the upregulation of TNF-alpha receptors but also on the effects of neutralizing TNF-alpha in joint cell cultures. (pnas.org)

Opinion regarding treatment for arthritis and joint pain for dogs what is your opinion regarding treatment for arthritis and joint pain for dogs I have recently read that glucosamine may not carry the benefits advertised. (vetinfo.com)

The goal is to stop the bleeding before accumulation of blood in the joint space affects the synovium. (cdc.gov)

Arthritis is a general description for any condition that causes inflammation in the joints (see handout "Arthritis in Dogs). (vcahospitals.com)

Horse owners commonly add nutraceuticals to their horses' diets to treat or prevent joint disease, but most products have no research data supporting their effectiveness. (thehorse.com)
The UK Medical Research Council (MRC) and the Dana Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (DIPI) are pleased to invite basic research proposals to the UK-Indonesia: Joint Health Research Call on infectious diseases through the Newton Fund. (mrc.ac.uk)
This initiative will provide funding for high quality 2 year collaborative research projects focusing on infectious diseases of relevance to Indonesia. (mrc.ac.uk)
Although the diseases caused by poxviruses are extremely important because of high mortality, deleterious effects on research results, and their highly contagious nature, they are relatively infrequent in occurrence or are restricted in geographic distribution. (nap.edu)

So, how do we prevent chronic joint disease? (cdc.gov)
Early treatment of each joint bleed reduces the risk of chronic joint disease, functional impairment, and disability. (cdc.gov)
Treatment at the earliest sign of hemorrhage is the most important step in reducing the risk of chronic joint disease. (cdc.gov)

In addition, we intend to deepen our understanding of the underlying pathogenesis of other rare diseases, and especially of those disorders affecting sense organs, neurodegenerative and neuromuscular diseases. (cipf.es)

Use our downloadable tools to help you find the right treatment option for your sacroiliac (SI) joint dysfunction. (medtronic.com)
Information about sacroiliac joint disease and SI joint fusion surgery using the Rialto TM SI fusion system. (medtronic.com)

Search our A to Z guide to locate diseases treated at the Orthopaedic & Arthritis Center at Brigham and Women's Hospital, as well as procedures and programs offered for these conditions. (brighamandwomens.org)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
THURSDAY, Dec. 3, 2020 - The head of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention warned Wednesday that the coming winter months might be the darkest period yet in. (drugs.com)

Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a form of Still's disease, a rare systemic autoinflammatory disease characterized by the classic triad of fevers, joint pain, and a distinctive salmon-colored bumpy rash. (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy47

Organisms8

Diseases39

Chemicals and Drugs37

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment38

Psychiatry and Psychology3

Phenomena and Processes19

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Humanities1

Information Science1

Health Care17

Family study of inherited syndrome with multiple congenital deformities: symphalangism, carpal and tarsal fusion, brachydactyly, craniosynostosis, strabismus, hip osteochondritis. (1/1089)

The clinical manifestations and pathomechanics of contracture of the extensor mechanism of the knee. (2/1089)

The locked patella. An unusual complication of haemophilia. (3/1089)

Larsen syndrome in two generations of an Italian family. (4/1089)

Diagnostic classification of shoulder disorders: interobserver agreement and determinants of disagreement. (5/1089)

Do postal questionnaires change GPs' workload and referral patterns? (6/1089)

Blood-induced joint damage: a human in vitro study. (7/1089)

Blood-induced joint damage: a canine in vivo study. (8/1089)

Joint Diseases

Joints

Knee Joint

Osteoarthritis

Synovial Fluid

Arthritis, Rheumatoid

Arthritis

Finger Joint

Arthritis, Psoriatic

Cartilage, Articular

Tarsal Joints

Ankle Joint

Hip Joint

Synovial Membrane

Synovitis

Wrist Joint

Arthritis, Infectious

Arthritis, Experimental

Foot Joints

Antirheumatic Agents

Temporomandibular Joint Disorders

Injections, Intra-Articular

Chondrocytes

Hip Dysplasia, Canine

Joint Capsule

Osteoarthritis, Knee

Cartilage

Spondylarthropathies

Sacroiliac Joint

Rheumatoid Factor

Rheumatic Diseases

Arthralgia

Spondylitis, Ankylosing

Temporomandibular Joint

Aggrecans

Tenosynovitis

Hemarthrosis

Arthritis, Reactive

Severity of Illness Index

Osteophyte

Cartilage Diseases

Joint Instability

Collagen Type II

Metatarsophalangeal Joint

Toe Joint

Stifle

Proteoglycans

Nail Diseases

Shoulder Joint

Paleopathology

Arthritis, Juvenile

Joint Prosthesis

Horse Diseases

Biomechanical Phenomena

Metacarpophalangeal Joint

Range of Motion, Articular

Bone Diseases

Temporomandibular Joint Disc

Acromioclavicular Joint

Blood Sedimentation

Hindlimb

Matrilin Proteins

Extracellular Matrix Proteins

Rheumatology

Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein

Menisci, Tibial

Matrix Metalloproteinase 13

Treatment Outcome

Tibia

Bone and Bones

Disease Progression

Femur

Sternoclavicular Joint

Knee Injuries

Biological Markers

Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Interleukin-1

Procollagen N-Endopeptidase

Collagen

Arthroscopy