Personal satisfaction relative to the work situation.
The degree to which the individual regards the health care service or product or the manner in which it is delivered by the provider as useful, effective, or beneficial.
A change or shift in personnel due to reorganization, resignation, or discharge.
An excessive stress reaction to one's occupational or professional environment. It is manifested by feelings of emotional and physical exhaustion coupled with a sense of frustration and failure.
The individual's experience of a sense of fulfillment of a need or want and the quality or state of being satisfied.
Statement of the position requirements, qualifications for the position, wage range, and any special conditions expected of the employee.
The total amount of work to be performed by an individual, a department, or other group of workers in a period of time.
Dedication or commitment shown by employees to organizations or institutions where they work.
Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.
Personnel who provide nursing service to patients in a hospital.
Place or physical location of work or employment.
Physical surroundings or conditions of a hospital or other health facility and influence of these factors on patients and staff.
Personnel who provide nursing service to patients in an organized facility, institution, or agency.
Customer satisfaction or dissatisfaction with a benefit or service received.
The remuneration paid or benefits granted to an employee.
The quality or state of being independent and self-directing, especially in making decisions, enabling professionals to exercise judgment as they see fit during the performance of their jobs.
Individuals licensed to practice medicine.
Planning, organizing, and administering all activities related to personnel.
Stress wherein emotional factors predominate.
The promotion and maintenance of physical and mental health in the work environment.
Individuals responsible for various duties pertaining to the medical office routine.
Attitudes of personnel toward their patients, other professionals, toward the medical care system, etc.
The granting of a license to practice the profession of nursing.
Beliefs and values shared by all members of the organization. These shared values, which are subject to change, are reflected in the day to day management of the organization.
The upward or downward mobility in an occupation or the change from one occupation to another.
Professionals qualified by graduation from an accredited school of nursing and by passage of a national licensing examination to practice nursing. They provide services to patients requiring assistance in recovering or maintaining their physical or mental health.
The prevailing temper or spirit of an individual or group in relation to the tasks or functions which are expected.
Hospital department which is responsible for the administration of diagnostic pulmonary function tests and of procedures to restore optimum pulmonary ventilation.
The state of being engaged in an activity or service for wages or salary.
Health care workers specially trained and licensed to assist and support the work of health professionals. Often used synonymously with paramedical personnel, the term generally refers to all health care workers who perform tasks which must otherwise be performed by a physician or other health professional.
The individuals employed by the hospital.
The process by which the employer promotes staff performance and efficiency consistent with management goals and objectives.
Management activities concerned with hospital employees.
Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.
A general concept referring to the organization and administration of nursing activities.
Professional medical personnel who provide care to patients in an organized facility, institution or agency.
Those physicians who have completed the education requirements specified by the American Academy of Family Physicians.
The expected function of a member of the nursing profession.
Men and women working in the provision of health services, whether as individual practitioners or employees of health institutions and programs, whether or not professionally trained, and whether or not subject to public regulation. (From A Discursive Dictionary of Health Care, 1976)
Health professionals who practice medicine as members of a team with their supervising physicians. They deliver a broad range of medical and surgical services to diverse populations in rural and urban settings. Duties may include physical exams, diagnosis and treatment of disease, interpretation of tests, assist in surgery, and prescribe medications. (from http://www.aapa.orglabout-pas accessed 2114/2011)
Coordination of nursing services by various nursing care personnel under the leadership of a professional nurse. The team may consist of a professional nurse, nurses' aides, and the practical nurse.
Reorganization of the hospital corporate structure.
Selection of a type of occupation or profession.
Research concerned with establishing costs of nursing care, examining the relationships between nursing services and quality patient care, and viewing problems of nursing service delivery within the broader context of policy analysis and delivery of health services (from a national study, presented at the 1985 Council on Graduate Education for Administration in Nursing (CGEAN) meeting).
Diseases caused by factors involved in one's employment.
The physician's inability to practice medicine with reasonable skill and safety to the patient due to the physician's disability. Common causes include alcohol and drug abuse, mental illness, physical disability, and senility.
State in which an individual perceives or experiences a sensation of unreality concerning the self or the environment; it is seen in disorders such as schizophrenia, affection disorders, organic mental disorders, and personality disorders. (APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 8th ed.)
Systematic gathering of data for a particular purpose from various sources, including questionnaires, interviews, observation, existing records, and electronic devices. The process is usually preliminary to statistical analysis of the data.
'Hospital Bed Capacity, 100 to 299' refers to the medical facility's capacity to accommodate patients, specifically within the range of 100 to 299 beds, which allows for a moderate-sized hospital setting, enabling it to provide care for a substantial number of patients while maintaining relatively close proximity between healthcare professionals and individuals under their supervision.
Physicians who are employed to work exclusively in hospital settings, primarily for managed care organizations. They are the attending or primary responsible physician for the patient during hospitalization.
Professional medical personnel approved to provide care to patients in a hospital.
The process of choosing employees for specific types of employment. The concept includes recruitment.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Germany" is a country and not a medical term or concept. Therefore, it doesn't have a medical definition. It is located in Central Europe and is known for its advanced medical research and facilities.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Nebraska" is a state located in the central United States and does not have a medical definition. If you have any medical terms or concepts you would like defined, I would be happy to help!
The reciprocal interaction of two or more professional individuals.
A set of statistical methods for analyzing the correlations among several variables in order to estimate the number of fundamental dimensions that underlie the observed data and to describe and measure those dimensions. It is used frequently in the development of scoring systems for rating scales and questionnaires.
Managerial personnel responsible for implementing policy and directing the activities of health care facilities such as nursing homes.
The state of being retired from one's position or occupation.
The levels of excellence which characterize the health service or health care provided based on accepted standards of quality.
What a person has in mind to do or bring about.
Physicians whose practice is not restricted to a specific field of MEDICINE.
Physiological or psychological effects of periods of work which may be fixed or flexible such as flexitime, work shifts, and rotating shifts.
Managerial personnel responsible for implementing policy and directing the activities of hospitals.
The planning of the furnishings and decorations of an architectural interior.
The function of directing or controlling the actions or attitudes of an individual or group with more or less willing acquiescence of the followers.
Assessment of psychological variables by the application of mathematical procedures.
Planning and control of time to improve efficiency and effectiveness.
An absence from work permitted because of illness or the number of days per year for which an employer agrees to pay employees who are sick. (Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary, 1981)
Hospital department which is responsible for the administration and provision of diagnostic and medical rehabilitation services to restore or improve the functional capacity of the patient.
Care of patients by a multidisciplinary team usually organized under the leadership of a physician; each member of the team has specific responsibilities and the whole team contributes to the care of the patient.
The state wherein the person is well adjusted.
A medical specialty concerned with the provision of continuing, comprehensive primary health care for the entire family.
Allied health personnel who assist the professional nurse in routine duties.
Health services, public or private, in rural areas. The services include the promotion of health and the delivery of health care.
Individuals who assist the dentist or the dental hygienist.
Nurses professionally qualified in administration.
The selection, appointing, and scheduling of personnel.
Statistical measures of utilization and other aspects of the provision of health care services including hospitalization and ambulatory care.
A generic concept reflecting concern with the modification and enhancement of life attributes, e.g., physical, political, moral and social environment; the overall condition of a human life.
The level of health of the individual, group, or population as subjectively assessed by the individual or by more objective measures.
General and comprehensive nursing practice directed to individuals, families, or groups as it relates to and contributes to the health of a population or community. This is not an official program of a Public Health Department.
Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.
Support systems that provide assistance and encouragement to individuals with physical or emotional disabilities in order that they may better cope. Informal social support is usually provided by friends, relatives, or peers, while formal assistance is provided by churches, groups, etc.
The use of one's knowledge in a particular profession. It includes, in the case of the field of biomedicine, professional activities related to health care and the actual performance of the duties related to the provision of health care.
The reciprocal interaction of two or more persons.
## I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Japan" is not a medical term or concept. It is a country located in Asia, known as Nihon-koku or Nippon-koku in Japanese, and is renowned for its unique culture, advanced technology, and rich history. If you have any questions related to medical topics, I would be happy to help answer them!
Includes relationships between hospitals, their governing boards, and administrators in regard to physicians, whether or not the physicians are members of the medical staff or have medical staff privileges.
Senior professionals who provide guidance, direction and support to those persons desirous of improvement in academic positions, administrative positions or other career development situations.
Organizations composed of members with common interests and whose professions may be similar.
Persons trained in an accredited school or dental college and licensed by the state in which they reside to provide dental prophylaxis under the direction of a licensed dentist.
Nurses who are specially trained to assume an expanded role in providing medical care under the supervision of a physician.
The term "United States" in a medical context often refers to the country where a patient or study participant resides, and is not a medical term per se, but relevant for epidemiological studies, healthcare policies, and understanding differences in disease prevalence, treatment patterns, and health outcomes across various geographic locations.
A class of hospitals that includes profit or not-for-profit hospitals that are controlled by a legal entity other than a government agency. (Hospital Administration Terminology, AHA, 2d ed)
The practice of compounding and dispensing medicinal preparations.
The internal individual struggle resulting from incompatible or opposing needs, drives, or external and internal demands. In group interactions, competitive or opposing action of incompatibles: antagonistic state or action (as of divergent ideas, interests, or persons). (from Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 10th ed)
Professional nurses who have received postgraduate training in midwifery.
Theoretical representations and constructs that describe or explain the structure and hierarchy of relationships and interactions within or between formal organizational entities or informal social groups.
Facilities which administer the delivery of health care services to people living in a community or neighborhood.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but the term "Norway" is a country name and doesn't have a medical definition. If you have any medical or health-related questions, I'd be happy to help!
Created 7 April 1992 as a result of the division of Yugoslavia.
The geographic area of the northwestern region of the United States. The states usually included in this region are Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, and Wyoming.
The interactions between physician and patient.
A person's view of himself.
Care which provides integrated, accessible health care services by clinicians who are accountable for addressing a large majority of personal health care needs, developing a sustained partnership with patients, and practicing in the context of family and community. (JAMA 1995;273(3):192)
Activities and programs intended to assure or improve the quality of care in either a defined medical setting or a program. The concept includes the assessment or evaluation of the quality of care; identification of problems or shortcomings in the delivery of care; designing activities to overcome these deficiencies; and follow-up monitoring to ensure effectiveness of corrective steps.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Austria" is a country located in Central Europe and it is not a medical term or concept. Therefore, it doesn't have a medical definition.
Providers of initial care for patients. These PHYSICIANS refer patients when appropriate for secondary or specialist care.
Conversations with an individual or individuals held in order to obtain information about their background and other personal biographical data, their attitudes and opinions, etc. It includes school admission or job interviews.
Educational institutions providing facilities for teaching and research and authorized to grant academic degrees.
Great Britain is not a medical term, but a geographical name for the largest island in the British Isles, which comprises England, Scotland, and Wales, forming the major part of the United Kingdom.
Process of applying for employment. It includes written application for employment or personal appearance.
Personality construct referring to an individual's perception of the locus of events as determined internally by his or her own behavior versus fate, luck, or external forces. (ERIC Thesaurus, 1996).
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Lithuania" is not a medical term and does not have a medical definition. It is a country located in northeastern Europe, bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and the Baltic Sea to the west. If you have any questions related to medical terminology or health-related topics, I would be happy to help answer them!
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Taiwan" is not a medical term and does not have a medical definition. It is a country located in East Asia. If you have any questions related to healthcare or medical terms, I would be happy to help with those!
A state of harmony between internal needs and external demands and the processes used in achieving this condition. (From APA Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 8th ed)
Those factors which cause an organism to behave or act in either a goal-seeking or satisfying manner. They may be influenced by physiological drives or by external stimuli.
The process by which decisions are made in an institution or other organization.
A medical specialty concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the internal organ systems of adults.
The exchange or transmission of ideas, attitudes, or beliefs between individuals or groups.
Outside services provided to an institution under a formal financial agreement.
A system of medical care regulated, controlled and financed by the government, in which the government assumes responsibility for the health needs of the population.
Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.
Facilities which provide nursing supervision and limited medical care to persons who do not require hospitalization.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but 'England' is not a medical term and does not have a medical definition. England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom, known for its rich history, cultural heritage, and contributions to medical science. However, in a medical context, it may refer to the location of a patient, healthcare provider, or research study, but it is not a term with a specific medical meaning.
(I'm assuming you are asking for a play on words related to the state of New Jersey, as "New Jersey" is not a medical term.)
Innovation and improvement of the health care system by reappraisal, amendment of services, and removal of faults and abuses in providing and distributing health services to patients. It includes a re-alignment of health services and health insurance to maximum demographic elements (the unemployed, indigent, uninsured, elderly, inner cities, rural areas) with reference to coverage, hospitalization, pricing and cost containment, insurers' and employers' costs, pre-existing medical conditions, prescribed drugs, equipment, and services.
Organized systems for providing comprehensive prepaid health care that have five basic attributes: (1) provide care in a defined geographic area; (2) provide or ensure delivery of an agreed-upon set of basic and supplemental health maintenance and treatment services; (3) provide care to a voluntarily enrolled group of persons; (4) require their enrollees to use the services of designated providers; and (5) receive reimbursement through a predetermined, fixed, periodic prepayment made by the enrollee without regard to the degree of services provided. (From Facts on File Dictionary of Health Care Management, 1988)
## I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Estonia" is not a medical term; it is a country located in Northern Europe. If you have any questions related to medicine or health, feel free to ask!
Hospitals located in metropolitan areas.
Medical complexes consisting of medical school, hospitals, clinics, libraries, administrative facilities, etc.
Small-scale tests of methods and procedures to be used on a larger scale if the pilot study demonstrates that these methods and procedures can work.
Country located in EUROPE. It is bordered by the NORTH SEA, BELGIUM, and GERMANY. Constituent areas are Aruba, Curacao, Sint Maarten, formerly included in the NETHERLANDS ANTILLES.
Persons trained to assist professional health personnel in communicating with residents in the community concerning needs and availability of health services.
The ability to understand and manage emotions and to use emotional knowledge to enhance thought and deal effectively with tasks. Components of emotional intelligence include empathy, self-motivation, self-awareness, self-regulation, and social skill. Emotional intelligence is a measurement of one's ability to socialize or relate to others.
The teaching staff and members of the administrative staff having academic rank in a medical school.
An occupation limited in scope to a subsection of a broader field.
Time period from 1501 through 1600 of the common era.
The capability to perform acceptably those duties directly related to patient care.
A specialty concerned with the study of anesthetics and anesthesia.
Introduction of changes which are new to the organization and are created by management.
Discomfort stemming from muscles, LIGAMENTS, tendons, and bones.
On the job training programs for personnel carried out within an institution or agency. It includes orientation programs.
Hospitals maintained by a university for the teaching of medical students, postgraduate training programs, and clinical research.
Self-directing freedom and especially moral independence. An ethical principle holds that the autonomy of persons ought to be respected. (Bioethics Thesaurus)
Statistical models in which the value of a parameter for a given value of a factor is assumed to be equal to a + bx, where a and b are constants. The models predict a linear regression.
Application of marketing principles and techniques to maximize the use of health care resources.
Any type of research that employs nonnumeric information to explore individual or group characteristics, producing findings not arrived at by statistical procedures or other quantitative means. (Qualitative Inquiry: A Dictionary of Terms Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1997)
Compliance with a set of standards defined by non-governmental organizations. Certification is applied for by individuals on a voluntary basis and represents a professional status when achieved, e.g., certification for a medical specialty.
Chronic absence from work or other duty.
Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.
Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.
The use of community resources, individual case work, or group work to promote the adaptive capacities of individuals in relation to their social and economic environments. It includes social service agencies.
Long-term care facilities which provide supervision and assistance in activities of daily living with medical and nursing services when required.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Greece" is a country in southeastern Europe and not a medical term or condition. If you have any medical questions or need a definition related to medicine, I would be happy to help.
Studies in which variables relating to an individual or group of individuals are assessed over a period of time.
The capability to perform the duties of one's profession generally, or to perform a particular professional task, with skill of an acceptable quality.
The educational process of instructing.
The legal relation between an entity (individual, group, corporation, or-profit, secular, government) and an object. The object may be corporeal, such as equipment, or completely a creature of law, such as a patent; it may be movable, such as an animal, or immovable, such as a building.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Switzerland" is a country located in Europe and not a term used in medical definitions. If you have any questions related to medical topics, I'd be happy to help answer those!
The development of systems to prevent accidents, injuries, and other adverse occurrences in an institutional setting. The concept includes prevention or reduction of adverse events or incidents involving employees, patients, or facilities. Examples include plans to reduce injuries from falls or plans for fire safety to promote a safe institutional environment.
Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.
Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.
Interactions between hospital staff or administrators and patients. Includes guest relations programs designed to improve the image of the hospital and attract patients.
Standardized tests designed to measure abilities, as in intelligence, aptitude, and achievement tests, or to evaluate personality traits.
Social and economic factors that characterize the individual or group within the social structure.
The auxiliary health profession which makes use of PHYSICAL THERAPY MODALITIES to prevent, correct, and alleviate movement dysfunction of anatomic or physiological origin.
A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.
Feeling or emotion of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS.
The expected function of a member of a particular profession.
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
A self-evaluation of health status.
Educational programs designed to inform physicians of recent advances in their field.
A class of statistical methods applicable to a large set of probability distributions used to test for correlation, location, independence, etc. In most nonparametric statistical tests, the original scores or observations are replaced by another variable containing less information. An important class of nonparametric tests employs the ordinal properties of the data. Another class of tests uses information about whether an observation is above or below some fixed value such as the median, and a third class is based on the frequency of the occurrence of runs in the data. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1284; Corsini, Concise Encyclopedia of Psychology, 1987, p764-5)
Interactions between health personnel and patients.
Research aimed at assessing the quality and effectiveness of health care as measured by the attainment of a specified end result or outcome. Measures include parameters such as improved health, lowered morbidity or mortality, and improvement of abnormal states (such as elevated blood pressure).
Institutions with an organized medical staff which provide medical care to patients.
A method of data collection and a QUALITATIVE RESEARCH tool in which a small group of individuals are brought together and allowed to interact in a discussion of their opinions about topics, issues, or questions.
The largest country in North America, comprising 10 provinces and three territories. Its capital is Ottawa.
Abstract standards or empirical variables in social life which are believed to be important and/or desirable.
The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.
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The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents that occurs as a result of one's occupation.
A country consisting of the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and adjacent islands, including New Britain, New Ireland, the Admiralty Islands, and New Hanover in the Bismarck Archipelago; Bougainville and Buka in the northern Solomon Islands; the D'Entrecasteaux and Trobriand Islands; Woodlark (Murua) Island; and the Louisiade Archipelago. It became independent on September 16, 1975. Formerly, the southern part was the Australian Territory of Papua, and the northern part was the UN Trust Territory of New Guinea, administered by Australia. They were administratively merged in 1949 and named Papua and New Guinea, and renamed Papua New Guinea in 1971.
(Note: I believe there might be some confusion in your question as "Pennsylvania" is a place, specifically a state in the United States, and not a medical term. However, if you're asking for a medical condition or concept that shares a name with the state of Pennsylvania, I couldn't find any specific medical conditions or concepts associated with the name "Pennsylvania." If you have more context or clarification regarding your question, please provide it so I can give a more accurate response.)
A country spanning from central Asia to the Pacific Ocean.
An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Socioeconomic inequalities in health in the working population: the contribution of working conditions. (1/1262)

BACKGROUND: The aim was to study the impact of different categories of working conditions on the association between occupational class and self-reported health in the working population. METHODS: Data were collected through a postal survey conducted in 1991 among inhabitants of 18 municipalities in the southeastern Netherlands. Data concerned 4521 working men and 2411 working women and included current occupational class (seven classes), working conditions (physical working conditions, job control, job demands, social support at work), perceived general health (very good or good versus less than good) and demographic confounders. Data were analysed with logistic regression techniques. RESULTS: For both men and women we observed a higher odds ratio for a less than good perceived general health in the lower occupational classes (adjusted for confounders). The odds of a less than good perceived general health was larger among people reporting more hazardous physical working conditions, lower job control, lower social support at work and among those in the highest category of job demands. Results were similar for men and women. Men and women in the lower occupational classes reported more hazardous physical working conditions and lower job control as compared to those in higher occupational classes. High job demands were more often reported in the higher occupational classes, while social support at work was not clearly related to occupational class. When physical working conditions and job control were added simultaneously to a model with occupational class and confounders, the odds ratios for occupational classes were reduced substantially. For men, the per cent change in the odds ratios for the occupational classes ranged between 35% and 83%, and for women between 35% and 46%. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial part of the association between occupational class and a less than good perceived general health in the working population could be attributed to a differential distribution of hazardous physical working conditions and a low job control across occupational classes. This suggests that interventions aimed at improving these working conditions might result in a reduction of socioeconomic inequalities in health in the working population.  (+info)

Views of managed care--a survey of students, residents, faculty, and deans at medical schools in the United States. (2/1262)

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: Views of managed care among academic physicians and medical students in the United States are not well known. In 1997, we conducted a telephone survey of a national sample of medical students (506 respondents), residents (494), faculty members (728), department chairs (186), directors of residency training in internal medicine and pediatrics (143), and deans (105) at U.S. medical schools to determine their experiences in and perspectives on managed care. The overall rate of response was 80.1 percent. RESULTS: Respondents rated their attitudes toward managed care on a 0-to-10 scale, with 0 defined as "as negative as possible" and 10 as "as positive as possible." The expressed attitudes toward managed care were negative, ranging from a low mean (+/-SD) score of 3.9+/-1.7 for residents to a high of 5.0+/-1.3 for deans. When asked about specific aspects of care, fee-for-service medicine was rated better than managed care in terms of access (by 80.2 percent of respondents), minimizing ethical conflicts (74.8 percent), and the quality of the doctor-patient relationship (70.6 percent). With respect to the continuity of care, 52.0 percent of respondents preferred fee-for-service medicine, and 29.3 percent preferred managed care. For care at the end of life, 49.1 percent preferred fee-for-service medicine, and 20.5 percent preferred managed care. With respect to care for patients with chronic illness, 41.8 percent preferred fee-for-service care, and 30.8 percent preferred managed care. Faculty members, residency-training directors, and department chairs responded that managed care had reduced the time they had available for research (63.1 percent agreed) and teaching (58.9 percent) and had reduced their income (55.8 percent). Overall, 46.6 percent of faculty members, 26.7 percent of residency-training directors, and 42.7 percent of department chairs reported that the message they delivered to students about managed care was negative. CONCLUSIONS: Negative views of managed care are widespread among medical students, residents, faculty members, and medical school deans.  (+info)

Investigation into the attitudes of general practitioners in Staffordshire to medical audit. (3/1262)

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the attitudes of general practitioners to medical audit, and any associations between their attitudes and their personal characteristics. DESIGN: Postal questionnaire survey. SETTING --Staffordshire, United Kingdom. SUBJECTS: 870 Staffordshire general practitioners. MAIN MEASURES: Agreement or disagreement and associations between the attitudes to 16 statements about audit and the doctors' personal or practice characteristics--namely, sex, number of years since qualification, practice list size, number of partners, and the practices' experience of audit. RESULTS: 601 Staffordshire general practitioners (69%) responded. There was most agreement with the statements that audit is time consuming (86%), that ongoing training and education is needed (71%), that there is a compulsion applied on doctors to audit (68%), and that extra resources for audit should be provided by the medical audit advisory group (65%). There was considerable disagreement (53% of general practitioners) with the statement that inverted question markgovernment policy to expect general practitioners to do audit will enhance the population's health. inverted question mark The median response by the 601 general practitioners was four positive responses out of 14 statements about audit (two of the 16 statements could not be graded positive or negative to audit). Women doctors generally had more positive attitudes towards audit, and so had those working with smaller mean list sizes, those in larger partnerships, and those in practices that had carried out audit for a longer time. CONCLUSIONS: There was a generally negative attitude to medical audit, but it was encouraging that those doctors with the most experience of audit obtained the most job satisfaction from it. IMPLICATIONS: More effort is needed to convince general practitioners of the value of audit. Without this, attempts to involve other members of the primary care team in multidisciplinary clinical audit are unlikely to be effective. Successful audits that are shown to be cost effective as well as leading to improvements in patient care should be publicised and replicated. A higher proportion of resources should be devoted to audit.  (+info)

Market-level health maintenance organization activity and physician autonomy and satisfaction. (4/1262)

Managed care is widely expected to affect physicians throughout the healthcare system. In this study, we examined the relationship between health maintenance organization (HMO) activity and the level of competition, autonomy, and satisfaction perceived by physicians who do not work for HMOs. We obtained data on physicians from the 1991 Survey of Young Physicians, which contains a nationally representative sample of physicians younger than age 45 who had 2 to 9 years of practice experience in 1991. We examined the relationships between HMO market share and perceived competition, autonomy, and satisfaction using multivariate logistic regression. The main outcome measures were perceived level of competition; several measures of physicians' freedom to undertake common tasks that might be threatened by managed care (e.g., hospitalizing patients, ordering tests and procedures); satisfaction with current practice situation; perceived ability to practice quality medicine; whether the physician would attend medical school again; and satisfaction with medicine as a career. We found that an increase of 10 percentage points in HMO market share was associated with a 28% increase in the probability that physicians will regard their practice situation as very competitive as opposed to somewhat or not competitive (P < 0.01). Examinations of the relationship between HMO market share and autonomy and satisfaction revealed few significant results. We found no evidence that increases in HMO activity adversely affect physician autonomy. Only a limited amount of evidence indicates that increases in HMO activity reduce the satisfaction of specialist physicians, and no evidence associates HMO activity with the satisfaction of generalists. Although physicians perceive HMOs as competitors, HMO activity has not had a strong negative effect on the autonomy and satisfaction of physicians.  (+info)

Effect of compensation method on the behavior of primary care physicians in managed care organizations: evidence from interviews with physicians and medical leaders in Washington State. (5/1262)

The perceived relationship between primary care physician compensation and utilization of medical services in medical groups affiliated with one or more among six managed care organizations in the state of Washington was examined. Representatives from 67 medical group practices completed a survey designed to determine the organizational arrangements and norms that influence primary care practice and to provide information on how groups translate the payments they receive from health plans into individual physician compensation. Semistructured interviews with 72 individual key informants from 31 of the 67 groups were conducted to ascertain how compensation method affects physician practice. A team of raters read the transcripts and identified key themes that emerged from the interviews. The themes generated from the key informant interviews fell into three broad categories. The first was self-selection and satisfaction. Compensation method was a key factor for physicians in deciding where to practice. Physicians' satisfaction with compensation method was high in part because they chose compensation methods that fit with their practice styles and lifestyles. Second, compensation drives production. Physician production, particularly the number of patients seen, was believed to be strongly influenced by compensation method, whereas utilization of ancillary services, patient outcomes, and satisfaction are seen as much less likely to be influenced. The third theme involved future changes in compensation methods. Medical leaders, administrators, and primary care physicians in several groups indicated that they expected changes in the current compensation methods in the near future in the direction of incentive-based methods. The responses revealed in interviews with physicians and administrative leaders underscored the critical role compensation arrangements play in driving physician satisfaction and behavior.  (+info)

Perceived financial incentives, HMO market penetration, and physicians' practice styles and satisfaction. (6/1262)

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the effects of physicians' personal financial incentives and other measures of involvement with HMOs on three measures of satisfaction and practice style: overall practice satisfaction, the extent to which prior expectations about professional autonomy and the ability to practice good-quality medicine are met, and several specific measures of practice style. DATA SOURCES: A telephone survey conducted in 1997 of 1,549 physicians who were located in the 75 largest Metropolitan Statistical Areas in 1991. Eligible physicians were under age 52, had between 8 and 17 years of post-residency practice experience, and spent at least 20 hours per week in patient care. The response rate was 74 percent. STUDY DESIGN: Multivariate binomial and multinomial ordered logistic regression models were estimated. Independent variables included physicians' self-reported financial incentives, measured by the extent to which their overall financial arrangements created an incentive to either reduce or increase services to patients, the level of HMO penetration in the market, employment setting, medical specialty, exposure to managed care while in medical training, and selected personal characteristics. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: About 15 percent of survey respondents reported a moderate or strong incentive to reduce services; 70 percent reported a neutral incentive; and 15 percent reported an incentive to increase services. Compared to physicians with a neutral incentive, physicians with an incentive to reduce services were from 1.5 to 3.5 times more likely to be very dissatisfied with their practices and were 0.2 to 0.5 times as likely to report that their expectations regarding professional autonomy and ability to practice good-quality medicine were met. They were also 0.2 to 0.6 times as likely to report having the freedom to care for patients the way they would like along several specific measures of practice style, such as sufficient time with patients, ability to hospitalize, ability to order tests and procedures, and ability to make referrals. These effects were generally reinforced by practicing in an area with a high level of HMO penetration and were offset to some extent by having had exposure to HMOs and the practice of cost-effective medicine while in medical training. CONCLUSIONS: Although financial incentives to reduce services are not widespread, there is a legitimate reason to be concerned about possible adverse affects on the quality of care. More research is needed to investigate directly whether changes in patients' health are affected by their physicians' financial incentives.  (+info)

Predictors and consequences of unemployment in construction and forest work during a 5-year follow-up. (7/1262)

OBJECTIVES: The study investigated whether indicators of health, work conditions, or life-style predict subsequent unemployment and also the unemployment consequences related to health or life-style. METHODS: A questionnaire was administered to 781 male construction and 877 male forest workers (aged 20-49 years and working at the beginning of the study) in 1989 and 1994. Employment status during follow-up was ranked into the following 4 categories according to the employment status and unemployment time: continuously employed, re-employed, short-term (< or = 24 months) unemployed and long-term (> or =24 months) unemployed. RESULTS: The following base-line factors were associated with long-term unemployment during follow-up among the construction workers: age >40 years, poor subjective health, smoking, frequent heavy use of alcohol, low job satisfaction, marital status (single), and unemployment during the year preceding the initial survey. Among the forest workers, age >40 years, frequent stress symptoms, and preceding unemployment entered the model. In addition smoking predicted unemployment among the forest workers with no preceding unemployment. The proportion of regular smokers decreased among the long-term unemployed. Physical exercise was more frequent at the time of follow-up than it was initially, particularly among the unemployed. Stress symptoms increased among the construction workers, but musculoskeletal symptoms decreased significantly among the long-term unemployed. Among the forest workers stress symptoms decreased among the continuously employed and re-employed persons, but musculoskeletal symptoms decreased significantly for them all. CONCLUSIONS: Unemployment among construction workers is to some extent dependent on life-style, health, and job satisfaction in addition to age, marital status, and unemployment history. For forest workers, unemployment is less determined by individual factors. Changes in distress and musculoskeletal symptoms are dependent on employment, particularly among construction workers.  (+info)

Sources and implications of dissatisfaction among new GPs in the inner-city. (8/1262)

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to examine the factors that were most stressful for new principals in inner-city general practice. In addition, given the concerns about retention of new principals, to ascertain whether high perceived stress translated into regret that they had joined their practice and factors that might protect from regret. METHODS: A questionnaire survey, within an inner-city Health Authority. The subjects were 101 GPs appointed as principals between 1992 and 1995. RESULTS: Eighty-three out of 101 GPs replied. The greatest sources of stress were, in order, patient expectations, fear of complaint, out-of-hours stress and fear of violence. Although these stresses were scored highly, 61% expressed no regret at having joined their practice with just 4% reporting considerable regret. Stress within the partnership and stress arising from patient expectations accounted for 23% of the variation in regret. Holders of the MRCGP were significantly protected against regret; there was no evidence that other factors such as medical positions outside the practice, membership of a young principals support group, fundholding status or training practices offered significant protection against regret. CONCLUSION: Despite reported difficulties in recruiting new young principals to the inner-city-and despite their reported high levels of stress-few have regrets about their decision to join their practice. For those who did regret joining their practice, the three principal associations were partnership stress, patient expectations and not possessing the MRCGP. Each of these factors may be amenable to intervention by policies geared to improve GP retention.  (+info)

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "job satisfaction" is not a medical term or concept. It falls under the domain of occupational or organizational psychology and refers to the degree to which employees like their jobs and are content with their role in the organization. High job satisfaction is generally associated with positive outcomes such as increased productivity, lower turnover rates, and better mental health. However, low job satisfaction can contribute to stress, burnout, and other negative health outcomes.

Patient satisfaction is a concept in healthcare quality measurement that reflects the patient's perspective and evaluates their experience with the healthcare services they have received. It is a multidimensional construct that includes various aspects such as interpersonal mannerisms of healthcare providers, technical competence, accessibility, timeliness, comfort, and communication.

Patient satisfaction is typically measured through standardized surveys or questionnaires that ask patients to rate their experiences on various aspects of care. The results are often used to assess the quality of care provided by healthcare organizations, identify areas for improvement, and inform policy decisions. However, it's important to note that patient satisfaction is just one aspect of healthcare quality and should be considered alongside other measures such as clinical outcomes and patient safety.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "personnel turnover" is not a medical term. It is a business and human resources concept that refers to the measure of how often employees leave a company and are replaced. It is calculated by dividing the number of employees who left during a certain timeframe by the average number of employees during that same period, then multiplying the result by 100 to get a percentage.

In a medical setting, you might encounter terms like "staff turnover" or "employee turnover," which refer to the same concept but in the context of healthcare organizations and their workforce. High personnel/staff/employee turnover can impact patient care, team morale, and organizational efficiency.

Professional burnout is a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion caused by excessive and prolonged stress. It occurs when someone feels overwhelmed, emotionally drained, and unable to meet constant demands, particularly in the work environment.

The symptoms of professional burnout may include:

1. Feelings of energy depletion or exhaustion
2. Increased mental distance from one's job or feelings of negativism or cynicism related to one's job
3. Reduced professional efficacy

Burnout is often characterized by a reduced sense of accomplishment and personal satisfaction in work, as well as a lack of engagement and motivation. It can lead to a variety of negative outcomes, including decreased productivity, absenteeism, and turnover, as well as physical and mental health problems.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Personal Satisfaction" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. It generally refers to the feeling of contentment or fulfillment one derives from achieving their personal goals or desires. However, in a medical context, it might be used to assess a person's quality of life or their satisfaction with their healthcare or treatment outcomes.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Job Description" is not a medical term. It is a general human resources and employment concept. A job description is a document that provides details about the duties, responsibilities, necessary skills, working conditions, and other relevant information related to a specific job position. It serves as a guide for both employers and employees to understand the expectations and requirements of the role.

In the context of healthcare, workload refers to the amount and complexity of tasks or responsibilities that a healthcare professional is expected to perform within a given period. This can include direct patient care activities such as physical assessments, treatments, and procedures, as well as indirect care activities like documentation, communication with other healthcare team members, and quality improvement initiatives.

Workload can be measured in various ways, including the number of patients assigned to a provider, the amount of time spent on direct patient care, or the complexity of the medical conditions being managed. High workloads can impact the quality of care provided, as well as healthcare professional burnout and job satisfaction. Therefore, it is essential to monitor and manage workload effectively to ensure safe and high-quality patient care.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "personnel loyalty" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. It is more commonly used in the context of human resources or management, where it refers to the dedication and faithfulness of employees towards their organization and its goals. If you have any questions related to medical terminology or concepts, I would be happy to help with those!

A questionnaire in the medical context is a standardized, systematic, and structured tool used to gather information from individuals regarding their symptoms, medical history, lifestyle, or other health-related factors. It typically consists of a series of written questions that can be either self-administered or administered by an interviewer. Questionnaires are widely used in various areas of healthcare, including clinical research, epidemiological studies, patient care, and health services evaluation to collect data that can inform diagnosis, treatment planning, and population health management. They provide a consistent and organized method for obtaining information from large groups or individual patients, helping to ensure accurate and comprehensive data collection while minimizing bias and variability in the information gathered.

'Hospital Nursing Staff' refers to the group of healthcare professionals who are licensed and trained to provide nursing care to patients in a hospital setting. They work under the direction of a nurse manager or director and collaborate with an interdisciplinary team of healthcare providers, including physicians, therapists, social workers, and other support staff.

Hospital nursing staff can include registered nurses (RNs), licensed practical nurses (LPNs) or vocational nurses (LVNs), and unlicensed assistive personnel (UAPs) such as nursing assistants, orderlies, and patient care technicians. Their responsibilities may vary depending on their role and the needs of the patients, but they typically include:

* Administering medications and treatments prescribed by physicians
* Monitoring patients' vital signs and overall condition
* Providing emotional support and education to patients and their families
* Assisting with activities of daily living such as bathing, dressing, and grooming
* Documenting patient care and progress in medical records
* Collaborating with other healthcare professionals to develop and implement individualized care plans.

Hospital nursing staff play a critical role in ensuring the safety, comfort, and well-being of hospitalized patients, and they are essential members of the healthcare team.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "workplace" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. The term "workplace" generally refers to a place where people work or carry out their jobs. It could be an office, a factory, a construction site, a retail store, or any other location where work-related activities take place.

If you're looking for a term related to health or medicine that describes a physical location, some examples might include "healthcare facility," "clinic," "hospital," "operating room," or "examination room." If you could provide more context or clarify what you're looking for, I'd be happy to help further!

A "Health Facility Environment" is a term used to describe the physical surroundings, including buildings, rooms, equipment, and materials, in which healthcare is delivered. This encompasses everything from hospitals and clinics to long-term care facilities and doctors' offices. The design, construction, maintenance, and operation of these environments are critical to ensuring patient safety, preventing infection, and promoting positive health outcomes.

The term "Health Facility Environment" may also refer to the specific environmental considerations within a healthcare setting, such as air quality, water supply, temperature, lighting, and noise control. These factors can significantly impact patients' comfort, well-being, and recovery and are therefore closely monitored and regulated in health facility settings.

In addition, the "Health Facility Environment" includes measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases, such as hand hygiene practices, cleaning and disinfection protocols, and waste management procedures. Healthcare facilities must adhere to strict guidelines and regulations regarding environmental safety and infection control to protect patients, staff, and visitors from harm.

'Nursing Staff' is a general term that refers to healthcare professionals who deliver nursing care to patients in various settings. Nursing staff includes several roles and positions, such as registered nurses (RNs), licensed practical nurses (LPNs)/licensed vocational nurses (LVNs), nurse practitioners (NPs), clinical nurse specialists (CNSs), certified nurse midwives (CNMs), and nursing assistants/aides.

Registered Nurses (RNs) are responsible for assessing, planning, implementing, and evaluating patient care plans based on their education, training, and clinical judgment. They often supervise other members of the nursing staff and collaborate with interdisciplinary teams to ensure optimal patient outcomes.

Licensed Practical Nurses/Licensed Vocational Nurses (LPNs/LVNs) provide basic nursing care under the direction of RNs or other healthcare professionals. Their responsibilities typically include taking vital signs, administering medications, and providing personal care to patients.

Nurse Practitioners (NPs), Clinical Nurse Specialists (CNSs), and Certified Nurse Midwives (CNMs) are advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) who have completed additional education and training beyond the RN degree. NPs can independently diagnose and manage common illnesses, prescribe medications, and provide primary care services to patients of all ages. CNSs focus on improving patient outcomes through evidence-based practice, research, and education within a specific specialty area. CNMs are specialized APRNs who provide comprehensive gynecological and obstetric care, including prenatal, delivery, and postpartum care for women, as well as newborn care.

Nursing Assistants/Aides, also known as Certified Nursing Assistants (CNAs) or Patient Care Technicians (PCTs), provide basic patient care under the supervision of RNs or LPNs/LVNs. Their duties may include assisting with personal hygiene, mobility, and nutrition; taking vital signs; and answering call lights.

Overall, nursing staff plays a critical role in maintaining patient safety, promoting health and well-being, and providing compassionate care to individuals across the lifespan.

Consumer satisfaction in a medical context refers to the degree to which a patient or their family is content with the healthcare services, products, or experiences they have received. It is a measure of how well the healthcare delivery aligns with the patient's expectations, needs, and preferences. Factors that contribute to consumer satisfaction may include the quality of care, communication and interpersonal skills of healthcare providers, accessibility and convenience, affordability, and outcomes. High consumer satisfaction is associated with better adherence to treatment plans, improved health outcomes, and higher patient loyalty.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Salaries and Fringe Benefits" is not a medical term or concept.

Salaries and fringe benefits are terms used in the context of employment and compensation. A salary is the amount of money or other forms of compensation paid to an employee by an employer in return for work performed. It is usually expressed as a monthly or annual sum.

Fringe benefits, on the other hand, are additional benefits that employers may provide to their employees, such as health insurance, retirement plans, vacation and sick leave, and other perks. These benefits are offered in addition to the employee's regular salary or wages.

In a medical setting, healthcare professionals may receive salaries and fringe benefits as part of their employment compensation package, but the terms themselves do not have specific medical meanings.

Professional autonomy in a medical context refers to the freedom and independence that healthcare professionals, particularly doctors, have in making clinical decisions and judgments regarding the care and treatment of their patients. This concept is based on the ethical principle of self-determination, which allows individuals to make informed decisions about their own health and well-being.

Professional autonomy encompasses several key elements, including:

1. Clinical judgment: The ability to evaluate a patient's condition, consider various treatment options, and make an evidence-based decision regarding the most appropriate course of action.
2. Informed consent: The process of ensuring that patients understand their medical condition, the proposed treatment plan, and any potential risks or benefits associated with the recommended care. Patients must provide their informed consent before any medical intervention can take place.
3. Confidentiality: The obligation to protect a patient's personal and medical information, sharing it only with those directly involved in the patient's care or as required by law.
4. Continuing professional development: The commitment to maintaining and updating one's knowledge and skills through ongoing education, training, and research.
5. Peer review and accountability: The responsibility to participate in peer review processes and be held accountable for one's actions and decisions, including any adverse outcomes or complications that may arise from treatment.

Professional autonomy is essential for maintaining the trust and confidence of patients, as it allows healthcare professionals to provide care that is tailored to each individual's unique needs and circumstances. However, this autonomy must be balanced with the need for collaboration, communication, and shared decision-making with other healthcare team members, as well as consideration for ethical principles such as non-maleficence (do no harm) and beneficence (acting in the best interest of the patient).

A physician is a healthcare professional who practices medicine, providing medical care and treatment to patients. Physicians may specialize in various fields of medicine, such as internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, psychiatry, or radiology, among others. They are responsible for diagnosing and treating illnesses, injuries, and disorders; prescribing medications; ordering and interpreting diagnostic tests; providing counseling and education to patients; and collaborating with other healthcare professionals to provide comprehensive care. Physicians may work in a variety of settings, including hospitals, clinics, private practices, and academic medical centers. To become a physician, one must complete a Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) or Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.) degree program and pass licensing exams to practice medicine in their state.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Personnel Management" and "medical definition" are two separate concepts that don't typically intersect.

Personnel management is a function of management concerned with hiring, training, developing, compensating, and motivating employees, as well as maintaining appropriate records and ensuring legal compliance. It's a crucial aspect of human resource management in any organization, including healthcare institutions.

However, if you're looking for a medical term related to the management of personnel in a healthcare setting, you might consider "Healthcare Human Resources Management" or "Clinical Workforce Management." These terms refer to the specific application of personnel management principles and practices within the context of healthcare organizations.

Psychological stress is the response of an individual's mind and body to challenging or demanding situations. It can be defined as a state of emotional and physical tension resulting from adversity, demand, or change. This response can involve a variety of symptoms, including emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and physiological components.

Emotional responses may include feelings of anxiety, fear, anger, sadness, or frustration. Cognitive responses might involve difficulty concentrating, racing thoughts, or negative thinking patterns. Behaviorally, psychological stress can lead to changes in appetite, sleep patterns, social interactions, and substance use. Physiologically, the body's "fight-or-flight" response is activated, leading to increased heart rate, blood pressure, muscle tension, and other symptoms.

Psychological stress can be caused by a wide range of factors, including work or school demands, financial problems, relationship issues, traumatic events, chronic illness, and major life changes. It's important to note that what causes stress in one person may not cause stress in another, as individual perceptions and coping mechanisms play a significant role.

Chronic psychological stress can have negative effects on both mental and physical health, increasing the risk of conditions such as anxiety disorders, depression, heart disease, diabetes, and autoimmune diseases. Therefore, it's essential to identify sources of stress and develop effective coping strategies to manage and reduce its impact.

Occupational health is a branch of medicine that focuses on the physical, mental, and social well-being of workers in all types of jobs. The goal of occupational health is to prevent work-related injuries, illnesses, and disabilities, while also promoting the overall health and safety of employees. This may involve identifying and assessing potential hazards in the workplace, implementing controls to reduce or eliminate those hazards, providing education and training to workers on safe practices, and conducting medical surveillance and screenings to detect early signs of work-related health problems.

Occupational health also involves working closely with employers, employees, and other stakeholders to develop policies and programs that support the health and well-being of workers. This may include promoting healthy lifestyles, providing access to mental health resources, and supporting return-to-work programs for injured or ill workers. Ultimately, the goal of occupational health is to create a safe and healthy work environment that enables employees to perform their jobs effectively and efficiently, while also protecting their long-term health and well-being.

Medical secretaries are administrative professionals who work in healthcare settings, such as hospitals, clinics, or private medical practices. Their primary role is to provide support to medical staff by handling various administrative tasks. Although I couldn't find a specific medical definition for "medical secretary," I can offer you a detailed job description based on common responsibilities and duties associated with this profession:

1. Scheduling appointments and managing patient records: Medical secretaries coordinate schedules for patients and healthcare professionals, maintain accurate and confidential patient records, and ensure that medical information is up-to-date and securely stored.
2. Communication: They serve as a liaison between patients, healthcare providers, and other medical staff, handling inquiries, providing information, and facilitating communication via phone, email, or in-person interactions.
3. Document preparation and management: Medical secretaries prepare and distribute various documents, such as correspondence, reports, referral letters, and medical records. They also manage document filing systems, both physical and electronic, to ensure easy access and organization.
4. Billing and insurance processing: They are responsible for managing financial transactions related to patient care, including generating invoices, submitting insurance claims, and handling billing inquiries and disputes.
5. Organizational skills: Medical secretaries maintain a well-organized workspace and workflow, prioritizing tasks and meeting deadlines to support the efficient operation of the medical practice or department.
6. Meeting and event coordination: They arrange meetings, conferences, and continuing education events for medical staff, handling logistics, registration, and communication with attendees.
7. Ad hoc duties: Medical secretaries may perform various ad hoc tasks as needed, such as ordering supplies, maintaining equipment, or providing general office support.
8. Professionalism and confidentiality: They adhere to strict professional standards, including maintaining patient confidentiality and demonstrating respect, empathy, and discretion in all interactions.

While there may not be a specific medical definition for "medical secretary," the above job description outlines the essential roles and responsibilities associated with this profession within healthcare settings.

The "attitude of health personnel" refers to the overall disposition, behavior, and approach that healthcare professionals exhibit towards their patients or clients. This encompasses various aspects such as:

1. Interpersonal skills: The ability to communicate effectively, listen actively, and build rapport with patients.
2. Professionalism: Adherence to ethical principles, confidentiality, and maintaining a non-judgmental attitude.
3. Compassion and empathy: Showing genuine concern for the patient's well-being and understanding their feelings and experiences.
4. Cultural sensitivity: Respecting and acknowledging the cultural backgrounds, beliefs, and values of patients.
5. Competence: Demonstrating knowledge, skills, and expertise in providing healthcare services.
6. Collaboration: Working together with other healthcare professionals to ensure comprehensive care for the patient.
7. Patient-centeredness: Focusing on the individual needs, preferences, and goals of the patient in the decision-making process.
8. Commitment to continuous learning and improvement: Staying updated with the latest developments in the field and seeking opportunities to enhance one's skills and knowledge.

A positive attitude of health personnel contributes significantly to patient satisfaction, adherence to treatment plans, and overall healthcare outcomes.

Nursing licensure is the process by which a regulatory body grants permission to a nurse to practice based on certain requirements being met. These requirements typically include completion of an accredited nursing education program, successful completion of a licensing examination (such as the National Council Licensure Examination, or NCLEX), and compliance with continuing education and background check stipulations. The purpose of nursing licensure is to protect the public by ensuring that nurses have the necessary knowledge, skills, and abilities to provide safe and effective care. Nurses are required to renew their licenses periodically and may be subject to disciplinary action if they fail to maintain the required standards of practice or engage in unprofessional conduct.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Organizational Culture" is a term commonly used in the field of organizational studies and management, rather than in medical terminology. It refers to the shared values, beliefs, practices, customs, and traditions that shape the behavior and attitudes of members within an organization.

However, I can provide you with a definition related to healthcare:

"Organizational Culture in Healthcare" often refers to the unique social and psychological environment or climate within a healthcare organization, which influences the way its employees and managers think, feel, and behave. This culture is frequently reflected in the organization's policies, practices, and decision-making processes, as well as in its approach to patient care, safety, quality, and staff development. A positive organizational culture in healthcare can contribute to improved patient outcomes, increased job satisfaction, and reduced staff turnover.

Career mobility, in a medical context, refers to the ability of healthcare professionals to advance or move between different roles, positions, or departments within a healthcare organization or field. It can include lateral moves (changing to a similar position in another department) or vertical moves (promotion to a higher-level position). Career mobility is often facilitated by continuing education, professional development opportunities, and the acquisition of new skills and experiences. High career mobility can lead to better job satisfaction, increased compensation, and improved patient care.

I'm happy to help, but it seems there might be a slight misunderstanding in your question. "Nurses" is not a medical term per se, but rather a job title or professional role within the healthcare field. Here's a brief description of what nurses do:

Nurses are healthcare professionals who work closely with patients to provide and coordinate care, education, and support. They play a critical role in promoting health, preventing illness, and helping patients cope with various medical conditions. Nurses can be found in various settings such as hospitals, clinics, private practices, long-term care facilities, community health centers, and patient homes.

There are different nursing specialties and levels of education, including:

1. Registered Nurse (RN): Typically holds an associate's or bachelor's degree in nursing and has passed a licensing exam. RNs provide direct patient care, administer medications, and coordinate treatment plans.
2. Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN): Has completed additional education and training beyond the RN level, often earning a master's or doctoral degree. APRNs can specialize in areas such as nurse practitioner, clinical nurse specialist, certified registered nurse anesthetist, or certified nurse-midwife.
3. Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN) or Licensed Vocational Nurse (LVN): Holds a diploma or certificate from a practical nursing program and has passed a licensing exam. LPNs/LVNs provide basic patient care under the supervision of RNs and physicians.

These definitions are not exhaustive, but they should give you an idea of what nurses do and their roles within the healthcare system.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "morale" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. Morale generally refers to the overall psychological and emotional well-being or spirit of an individual or group, often in relation to their work, military service, or other collective endeavors. It encompasses factors such as confidence, motivation, and job satisfaction.

However, in a broader sense, morale can be related to mental health and well-being, which are certainly important aspects of medical care and treatment. Factors that contribute to positive morale, like social connections, meaningful activities, and a sense of purpose, can also support overall mental health and resilience.

The Respiratory Therapy Department in a hospital is a specialized area that provides diagnostic and therapeutic services to patients with respiratory disorders or conditions that affect their breathing. The department is typically staffed by licensed respiratory therapists who work under the direction of pulmonologists or other medical professionals.

Respiratory therapists use various techniques and equipment to assess, treat, and manage patients' respiratory needs. This may include administering oxygen therapy, aerosol treatments, chest physiotherapy, mechanical ventilation, and other life support measures. They also provide education and counseling to patients and their families on topics such as breathing exercises, medication management, and lifestyle modifications to improve respiratory health.

The Respiratory Therapy Department may be responsible for providing services in various hospital settings, including intensive care units, emergency departments, operating rooms, and pulmonary function labs. They work closely with other healthcare professionals, such as physicians, nurses, and respiratory technologists, to provide comprehensive care to patients with respiratory conditions.

"Employment" is a term that is commonly used in the context of social sciences and law rather than medicine. It generally refers to the state or condition of being employed, which means an individual is engaged in a job or occupation, providing services to an employer in exchange for compensation, such as wages or salary. Employment may involve various types of work arrangements, including full-time, part-time, temporary, contract, or freelance positions.

In the context of medicine and public health, employment is often discussed in relation to its impact on health outcomes, healthcare access, and socioeconomic status. For instance, research has shown that unemployment or underemployment can negatively affect mental and physical health, while stable employment can contribute to better health outcomes and overall well-being. Additionally, employment may influence an individual's ability to afford healthcare, medications, and other essential needs, which can impact their health status.

In summary, the medical definition of 'employment' pertains to the state or condition of being engaged in a job or occupation, providing services to an employer for compensation. Employment has significant implications for health outcomes, healthcare access, and socioeconomic status.

Allied health personnel refers to a group of healthcare professionals who are licensed or regulated to provide specific services within the healthcare system. They work in collaboration with physicians and other healthcare providers to deliver comprehensive medical care. Allied health personnel include various disciplines such as:

1. Occupational therapists
2. Physical therapists
3. Speech-language pathologists
4. Audiologists
5. Respiratory therapists
6. Dietitians and nutritionists
7. Social workers
8. Diagnostic medical sonographers
9. Radiologic technologists
10. Clinical laboratory scientists
11. Genetic counselors
12. Rehabilitation counselors
13. Therapeutic recreation specialists

These professionals play a crucial role in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of various medical conditions and are essential members of the healthcare team.

'Hospital Personnel' is a general term that refers to all individuals who are employed by or provide services on behalf of a hospital. This can include, but is not limited to:

1. Healthcare professionals such as doctors, nurses, pharmacists, therapists, and technicians.
2. Administrative staff who manage the hospital's operations, including human resources, finance, and management.
3. Support services personnel such as maintenance workers, food service workers, housekeeping staff, and volunteers.
4. Medical students, interns, and trainees who are gaining clinical experience in the hospital setting.

All of these individuals play a critical role in ensuring that the hospital runs smoothly and provides high-quality care to its patients.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "staff development" is not a medical term per se. It is a general human resources term that refers to the process of improving and increasing the knowledge, skills, and abilities of an organization's workforce. In a healthcare setting, staff development might involve training programs, workshops, or continuing education opportunities for medical professionals to enhance their clinical skills, patient communication, leadership abilities, and other competencies necessary for providing high-quality care and ensuring positive patient outcomes.

'Personnel Administration in a hospital setting' refers to the management and oversight of the hospital's workforce, including hiring, training, evaluating, promoting, and compensating employees. It also involves ensuring compliance with labor laws and regulations, managing employee benefits and relations, and creating policies and procedures that promote a positive and productive work environment. The ultimate goal of personnel administration in a hospital is to recruit, retain, and develop a highly qualified and motivated staff that can provide high-quality patient care and contribute to the hospital's mission and goals.

A cross-sectional study is a type of observational research design that examines the relationship between variables at one point in time. It provides a snapshot or a "cross-section" of the population at a particular moment, allowing researchers to estimate the prevalence of a disease or condition and identify potential risk factors or associations.

In a cross-sectional study, data is collected from a sample of participants at a single time point, and the variables of interest are measured simultaneously. This design can be used to investigate the association between exposure and outcome, but it cannot establish causality because it does not follow changes over time.

Cross-sectional studies can be conducted using various data collection methods, such as surveys, interviews, or medical examinations. They are often used in epidemiology to estimate the prevalence of a disease or condition in a population and to identify potential risk factors that may contribute to its development. However, because cross-sectional studies only provide a snapshot of the population at one point in time, they cannot account for changes over time or determine whether exposure preceded the outcome.

Therefore, while cross-sectional studies can be useful for generating hypotheses and identifying potential associations between variables, further research using other study designs, such as cohort or case-control studies, is necessary to establish causality and confirm any findings.

Nursing services refer to the health care activities and practices performed by registered nurses (RNs), licensed practical nurses (LPNs), and other nursing professionals. These services encompass various aspects of patient care, including:

1. Assessment: Nurses evaluate a patient's physical, psychological, social, and emotional status to identify their healthcare needs and establish individualized care plans.
2. Diagnosis: Based on the assessment data, nurses formulate nursing diagnoses that describe the patient's response to health conditions or situations.
3. Outcome identification: Nurses determine expected outcomes for each nursing diagnosis based on evidence-based practice guidelines and best available research.
4. Planning: Nurses develop a plan of care that outlines interventions, resources, and strategies to achieve desired patient outcomes.
5. Implementation: Nurses execute the plan of care by providing direct patient care, administering medications, performing treatments, and coordinating with other healthcare team members.
6. Evaluation: Nurses assess the effectiveness of the interventions and modify the plan of care as needed to ensure optimal patient outcomes.
7. Patient education: Nurses teach patients, families, and caregivers about self-care, disease processes, medication management, and healthy lifestyle choices to promote wellness and prevent complications.
8. Case management: Nurses coordinate services across the healthcare continuum, including referrals to specialists, home health care, and community resources, to ensure comprehensive and cost-effective care.
9. Advocacy: Nurses advocate for patients' rights, preferences, and values in decision-making processes related to their healthcare.
10. Collaboration: Nurses collaborate with other healthcare professionals, such as physicians, social workers, and therapists, to provide integrated and coordinated care.

Nursing services can be provided in various settings, including hospitals, clinics, long-term care facilities, community health centers, and patients' homes. The primary goal of nursing services is to promote, maintain, or restore patients' health, well-being, and quality of life.

Medical staff, in a hospital or healthcare setting, typically refers to licensed healthcare professionals who are responsible for providing medical care and treatment to patients. This can include physicians (both specialists and general practitioners), surgeons, dentists, podiatrists, and advanced practice nurses (such as nurse practitioners and certified nurse midwives).

The term "medical staff" may also refer to the organized body of such professionals within a healthcare institution, who are responsible for establishing medical policies and procedures, providing clinical leadership, and ensuring quality of care. This group often includes both practicing clinicians and those in administrative or teaching roles. Membership in the medical staff is usually granted through an application and credentialing process, which ensures that each member meets certain professional and educational standards.

"Family Physicians" are medical doctors who provide comprehensive primary care to individuals and families of all ages. They are trained to diagnose and treat a wide range of medical conditions, from minor illnesses to complex diseases. In addition to providing acute care, family physicians also focus on preventive medicine, helping their patients maintain their overall health and well-being through regular checkups, screenings, and immunizations. They often serve as the patient's main point of contact within the healthcare system, coordinating care with specialists and other healthcare professionals as needed. Family physicians may work in private practices, community health centers, hospitals, or other healthcare settings.

A nurse's role is not a medical condition or diagnosis, but rather a professional occupation and set of responsibilities in the healthcare system. However, I can provide a general description of the role of a nurse in a medical context:

A nurse is a healthcare professional who provides care, support, and education to patients, families, and communities. Nurses work in a variety of settings, including hospitals, clinics, long-term care facilities, and community health centers. They collaborate with other healthcare professionals, such as physicians, social workers, and therapists, to provide comprehensive care to patients.

The specific duties of a nurse may vary depending on their role and specialty, but some common responsibilities include:

* Administering medications and treatments prescribed by doctors
* Monitoring patients' vital signs and overall health status
* Providing emotional support and education to patients and families
* Collaborating with other healthcare professionals to develop care plans
* Performing diagnostic tests and analyzing results
* Assisting with procedures and surgeries
* Supervising and training nursing assistants and other support staff.

Nurses play a critical role in the healthcare system, providing compassionate care and advocacy for patients and their families.

"Health personnel" is a broad term that refers to individuals who are involved in maintaining, promoting, and restoring the health of populations or individuals. This can include a wide range of professionals such as:

1. Healthcare providers: These are medical doctors, nurses, midwives, dentists, pharmacists, allied health professionals (like physical therapists, occupational therapists, speech therapists, dietitians, etc.), and other healthcare workers who provide direct patient care.

2. Public health professionals: These are individuals who work in public health agencies, non-governmental organizations, or academia to promote health, prevent diseases, and protect populations from health hazards. They include epidemiologists, biostatisticians, health educators, environmental health specialists, and health services researchers.

3. Health managers and administrators: These are professionals who oversee the operations, finances, and strategic planning of healthcare organizations, such as hospitals, clinics, or public health departments. They may include hospital CEOs, medical directors, practice managers, and healthcare consultants.

4. Health support staff: This group includes various personnel who provide essential services to healthcare organizations, such as medical records technicians, billing specialists, receptionists, and maintenance workers.

5. Health researchers and academics: These are professionals involved in conducting research, teaching, and disseminating knowledge related to health sciences, medicine, public health, or healthcare management in universities, research institutions, or think tanks.

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines "health worker" as "a person who contributes to the promotion, protection, or improvement of health through prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, palliation, health promotion, and health education." This definition encompasses a wide range of professionals working in various capacities to improve health outcomes.

A Physician Assistant (PA) is a healthcare professional who practices medicine as part of a team with physicians and other providers. They are licensed to practice medicine, prescribe medication, and perform a wide range of medical services including diagnosing and treating illnesses, developing and managing treatment plans, counseling on preventive health care, and performing certain surgical procedures. PAs have completed an accredited master's level education program and a supervised clinical experience prior to licensure. They must also maintain continuing medical education to stay current with medical developments and maintain their license. PAs are required to practice under the supervision of a physician, but the specifics of that arrangement can vary based on state regulations and practice agreements.

"Nursing, Team" in a medical context refers to a group of healthcare professionals, including but not limited to registered nurses, nurse practitioners, licensed practical nurses, nursing assistants, and other support staff, who work collaboratively to provide comprehensive nursing care to patients. The team members bring their unique skills, knowledge, and expertise to the table to achieve optimal patient outcomes through coordinated efforts, open communication, and evidence-based practice. The goal of a nursing team is to ensure continuity of care, promote patient safety, and enhance the overall quality of care by working together in a cohesive and interdisciplinary manner.

Hospital restructuring is a process that involves making significant changes to the organizational structure, operations, or financial management of a hospital or healthcare system. This can include mergers, acquisitions, partnerships, or consolidations with other hospitals or healthcare organizations, as well as changes to hospital services, staffing, or physical facilities. The goal of hospital restructuring is often to improve the quality and efficiency of care, reduce costs, and increase competitiveness in a rapidly changing healthcare environment. Restructuring may also be necessary in response to financial difficulties, regulatory changes, or shifts in patient demand.

A career choice refers to the decision or selection of a job or profession that an individual makes, typically based on their interests, skills, values, and personal goals. It involves considering various factors such as education and training requirements, job outlook, salary potential, and work-life balance. A well-informed career choice can lead to long-term job satisfaction, success, and fulfillment. It is essential to note that career choices can change over time due to various reasons, including personal growth, industry trends, or changes in life circumstances.

"Nursing Administration Research" refers to research focused on the management, leadership, and organization of nursing services. This can include studies on topics such as:

* Effective leadership strategies in nursing
* Improving patient care outcomes through better nursing management practices
* Staffing and resource allocation models
* Quality improvement initiatives in nursing administration
* Developing and implementing policies and procedures
* Education and training of nursing leaders
* Use of technology in nursing administration

The goal of this research is to enhance the overall effectiveness and efficiency of nursing administration, ultimately improving the quality of patient care.

Occupational diseases are health conditions or illnesses that occur as a result of exposure to hazards in the workplace. These hazards can include physical, chemical, and biological agents, as well as ergonomic factors and work-related psychosocial stressors. Examples of occupational diseases include respiratory illnesses caused by inhaling dust or fumes, hearing loss due to excessive noise exposure, and musculoskeletal disorders caused by repetitive movements or poor ergonomics. The development of an occupational disease is typically related to the nature of the work being performed and the conditions in which it is carried out. It's important to note that these diseases can be prevented or minimized through proper risk assessment, implementation of control measures, and adherence to safety regulations.

Physician impairment is a state in which a physician's ability to practice medicine safely and effectively is compromised due to a physical or mental condition, substance use disorder, or behavioral issue. This can include conditions such as chronic illness, addiction, cognitive decline, or psychological disorders that may affect the physician's judgment, decision-making, motor skills, or emotional stability.

It is important for regulatory bodies and healthcare organizations to identify and address physician impairment in order to ensure patient safety and maintain the integrity of the medical profession. This can involve providing support and resources for physicians who are struggling with these issues, as well as implementing policies and procedures for monitoring and addressing impaired physicians.

Depersonalization is a dissociative symptom where an individual feels detached or distanced from their own thoughts, feelings, memories, or body. They may feel like they are observing themselves from the outside or that their experiences are unreal or surreal. Depersonalization can be a symptom of various mental health conditions such as anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and schizophrenia. It can also occur as a result of substance use or sleep deprivation. In some cases, depersonalization may become a chronic condition known as depersonalization disorder.

Data collection in the medical context refers to the systematic gathering of information relevant to a specific research question or clinical situation. This process involves identifying and recording data elements, such as demographic characteristics, medical history, physical examination findings, laboratory results, and imaging studies, from various sources including patient interviews, medical records, and diagnostic tests. The data collected is used to support clinical decision-making, inform research hypotheses, and evaluate the effectiveness of treatments or interventions. It is essential that data collection is performed in a standardized and unbiased manner to ensure the validity and reliability of the results.

'Hospital bed capacity, 100 to 299' is a range referring to the number of hospital beds available for patient care within a healthcare facility. In this context, the capacity falls between one hundred and two hundred ninety-nine beds. This capacity can vary based on several factors, including the size of the hospital, the services offered, and the needs of the population it serves. It is essential to monitor hospital bed capacity to ensure adequate resources are available to manage patient care during normal operations and in times of crisis or surge, such as a natural disaster or pandemic.

A hospitalist is a specialized medical doctor who practices hospital medicine, focusing on the general medical care of hospitalized patients. Hospitalists are trained in internal medicine or pediatrics and are experts in managing acute illnesses, coordinating care between different specialists, and ensuring timely and safe transitions of care between inpatient and outpatient settings. They typically do not have outpatient clinical responsibilities and are available to manage patient issues around the clock while they are hospitalized. Hospitalists play a crucial role in improving the quality, safety, and efficiency of inpatient medical care.

'Medical Staff, Hospital' is a general term that refers to the group of licensed physicians and other healthcare professionals who are responsible for providing medical care to patients in a hospital setting. The medical staff may include attending physicians, residents, interns, fellows, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and other advanced practice providers.

The medical staff is typically governed by a set of bylaws that outline the structure, authority, and responsibilities of the group. They are responsible for establishing policies and procedures related to patient care, quality improvement, and safety. The medical staff also plays a key role in the hospital's credentialing and privileging process, which ensures that healthcare professionals meet certain standards and qualifications before they are allowed to practice in the hospital.

The medical staff may work in various departments or divisions within the hospital, such as internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, psychiatry, and radiology. They may also participate in teaching and research activities, as well as hospital committees and leadership roles.

"Personnel Selection," in a medical context, refers to the process of choosing and hiring healthcare professionals for various positions within a healthcare organization or setting. This process typically involves several steps, including job analysis, recruitment, application screening, interviews, testing, background checks, and reference checks. The goal is to identify and select the most qualified, competent, and suitable candidates who possess the necessary knowledge, skills, abilities, and behaviors to perform the job duties effectively and safely, while also aligning with the organization's mission, values, and culture. Personnel selection in healthcare aims to ensure high-quality patient care, improve patient outcomes, reduce medical errors, and enhance overall organizational performance.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Germany" is not a medical term or concept. It is the name of a country in central Europe. If you have any questions related to medical topics, I would be happy to try and help answer those for you!

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Nebraska" is a state in the central United States and not a medical term. If you have any medical questions or terms you would like defined, I'd be happy to help with those!

Interprofessional relations, in the context of healthcare, refers to the interactions and collaborative practices between different healthcare professionals (such as physicians, nurses, pharmacists, therapists, social workers, etc.) when providing care for patients. It involves developing and maintaining positive and effective communication, respect, trust, and collaboration among various healthcare disciplines to ensure coordinated, safe, and high-quality patient care. The goal of interprofessional relations is to enhance collaborative practice, improve patient outcomes, and promote a supportive work environment.

Factor analysis is a statistical technique used to identify patterns or structures in a dataset by explaining the correlations between variables. It is a method of simplifying complex data by reducing it to a smaller set of underlying factors that can explain most of the variation in the data. In other words, factor analysis is a way to uncover hidden relationships between multiple variables and group them into meaningful categories or factors.

In factor analysis, each variable is represented as a linear combination of underlying factors, where the factors are unobserved variables that cannot be directly measured but can only be inferred from the observed data. The goal is to identify these underlying factors and determine their relationships with the observed variables. This technique is commonly used in various fields such as psychology, social sciences, marketing, and biomedical research to explore complex datasets and gain insights into the underlying structure of the data.

There are two main types of factor analysis: exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). EFA is used when there is no prior knowledge about the underlying factors, and the goal is to discover the potential structure in the data. CFA, on the other hand, is used when there is a theoretical framework or hypothesis about the underlying factors, and the goal is to test whether the observed data support this framework or hypothesis.

In summary, factor analysis is a statistical method for reducing complex datasets into simpler components called factors, which can help researchers identify patterns, structures, and relationships in the data.

A Health Facility Administrator, also known as a healthcare executive or medical and health services manager, is a professional who manages the operations and day-to-day activities of various types of healthcare facilities, such as hospitals, clinics, nursing homes, and mental health centers. Their responsibilities typically include:

1. Developing and implementing policies and procedures to ensure efficient and high-quality patient care.
2. Overseeing budgeting, financial planning, and managing resources to maximize operational efficiency.
3. Hiring, training, and supervising staff, including medical, nursing, and administrative personnel.
4. Ensuring compliance with relevant laws, regulations, and accreditation standards.
5. Coordinating and collaborating with healthcare professionals, such as physicians, nurses, and allied health professionals, to provide optimal patient care.
6. Developing and maintaining relationships with community partners, stakeholders, and regulatory bodies.
7. Planning, directing, and coordinating various services, programs, and departments within the facility.
8. Utilizing data analysis and performance improvement methodologies to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of healthcare services and identify opportunities for enhancement.
9. Fostering a positive organizational culture that supports continuous learning, innovation, and collaboration.
10. Managing crisis situations and emergencies effectively to minimize their impact on patients, staff, and operations.

Health Facility Administrators typically hold a master's degree in healthcare administration, health services management, public health, business administration, or a related field. They may also possess professional certifications, such as the Fellow of the American College of Healthcare Executives (FACHE) or Certified Medical Practice Executive (CMPE), to demonstrate their expertise and commitment to the profession.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "retirement" is not a term that has a medical definition. Retirement generally refers to the point in a person's life when they stop working or withdraw from one's position or occupation. It is often associated with reaching a certain age or becoming eligible for pension benefits. However, it's important to note that retirement can have various physical and mental health implications, as it can impact social connections, cognitive stimulation, financial security, and daily structure, among other factors. These impacts can be either positive or negative, depending on the individual's circumstances and experiences during retirement.

Quality of health care is a term that refers to the degree to which health services for individuals and populations increase the likelihood of desired health outcomes and are consistent with current professional knowledge. It encompasses various aspects such as:

1. Clinical effectiveness: The use of best available evidence to make decisions about prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and care. This includes considering the benefits and harms of different options and making sure that the most effective interventions are used.
2. Safety: Preventing harm to patients and minimizing risks associated with healthcare. This involves identifying potential hazards, implementing measures to reduce errors, and learning from adverse events to improve systems and processes.
3. Patient-centeredness: Providing care that is respectful of and responsive to individual patient preferences, needs, and values. This includes ensuring that patients are fully informed about their condition and treatment options, involving them in decision-making, and providing emotional support throughout the care process.
4. Timeliness: Ensuring that healthcare services are delivered promptly and efficiently, without unnecessary delays. This includes coordinating care across different providers and settings to ensure continuity and avoid gaps in service.
5. Efficiency: Using resources wisely and avoiding waste, while still providing high-quality care. This involves considering the costs and benefits of different interventions, as well as ensuring that healthcare services are equitably distributed.
6. Equitability: Ensuring that all individuals have access to quality healthcare services, regardless of their socioeconomic status, race, ethnicity, gender, age, or other factors. This includes addressing disparities in health outcomes and promoting fairness and justice in healthcare.

Overall, the quality of health care is a multidimensional concept that requires ongoing evaluation and improvement to ensure that patients receive the best possible care.

In the context of medical ethics and law, "intention" refers to the purpose or aim behind an action. It is a mental state that is formed when an individual consciously decides to perform a certain act or achieve a specific goal. In medical procedures and treatments, healthcare providers must consider their intentions and ensure that they are acting in the best interest of the patient, with the primary intent being to benefit the patient's health and well-being.

In some cases, such as in end-of-life care, determining the intention behind a medical intervention can be critical in assessing its ethical and legal implications. For example, if a healthcare provider administers pain relief medication with the primary intention of alleviating the patient's suffering, rather than shortening their life, then this is considered ethically and legally acceptable. However, if the primary intention is to hasten the patient's death, then this would be considered unacceptable and potentially illegal.

Therefore, understanding and clarifying the intention behind medical actions is an essential aspect of ensuring that healthcare providers act ethically and within the bounds of the law.

A General Practitioner (GP) is a medical doctor who provides primary care and treats a wide range of health conditions in patients of all ages. They serve as the first point of contact for individuals seeking healthcare services and provide ongoing, person-centered care, including prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and management of acute and chronic illnesses. GPs often collaborate with specialists, hospitals, and other healthcare professionals to ensure their patients receive comprehensive and coordinated care. They are trained to recognize a wide variety of diseases and conditions, and to handle a majority of health problems that present in their patients. General practitioners may also provide health education, lifestyle advice, and counseling to promote overall well-being and disease prevention.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Work Schedule Tolerance" is not a recognized term in the medical field. It may be a term used in occupational health or human resources to refer to an employee's ability to adapt to different work schedules, such as night shifts, rotating shifts, or irregular hours. However, it is not a medical diagnosis or condition. If you have any concerns about your work schedule and how it affects your health, I would recommend speaking with a healthcare provider or occupational health professional.

Hospital administrators are healthcare professionals who manage and oversee the operations, resources, and services of a hospital or healthcare facility. They play a crucial role in ensuring that the hospital runs smoothly, efficiently, and cost-effectively while maintaining high-quality patient care and safety standards.

Their responsibilities typically include:

1. Developing and implementing policies, procedures, and strategic plans for the hospital.
2. Managing the hospital's budget, finances, and resources, including human resources, equipment, and supplies.
3. Ensuring compliance with relevant laws, regulations, and accreditation standards.
4. Overseeing the quality of patient care and safety programs.
5. Developing and maintaining relationships with medical staff, community partners, and other stakeholders.
6. Managing risk management and emergency preparedness plans.
7. Providing leadership, direction, and support to hospital staff.
8. Representing the hospital in negotiations with insurance companies, government agencies, and other external entities.

Hospital administrators may have varying levels of responsibility, ranging from managing a single department or unit within a hospital to overseeing an entire healthcare system. They typically hold advanced degrees in healthcare administration, public health, business administration, or a related field, and may also be certified by professional organizations such as the American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE).

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Interior Design and Furnishings" is not a term that has a medical definition. Interior design refers to the planning, designing, and coordinating of spaces in residential, commercial, or industrial buildings to create functional and aesthetically pleasing environments. This can include selecting colors, furniture, lighting, flooring, and other decorative materials. Furnishings generally refer to the items such as furniture, curtains, rugs, and other decorative elements that are used to make a space comfortable and attractive.

If you have any questions related to medical topics or definitions, I would be happy to try to help answer them for you!

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "leadership" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. Leadership is a concept that relates to the ability of an individual or an organization's management to set and achieve challenging goals, take swift and decisive action, outperform the competition, and inspire others to perform at their best.

In healthcare settings, leadership refers to the skills, behaviors, and attitudes of those in positions of authority within a healthcare organization. Effective healthcare leaders are able to create a positive organizational culture, communicate a clear vision, motivate and engage staff, manage resources effectively, and ensure high-quality patient care. They must also be able to adapt to changing circumstances, make informed decisions based on data and evidence, and work collaboratively with other healthcare professionals and stakeholders.

Psychometrics is a branch of psychology that deals with the theory and technique of psychological measurement, such as the development and standardization of tests used to measure intelligence, aptitude, personality, attitudes, and other mental abilities or traits. It involves the construction and validation of measurement instruments, including the determination of their reliability and validity, and the application of statistical methods to analyze test data and interpret results. The ultimate goal of psychometrics is to provide accurate, objective, and meaningful measurements that can be used to understand individual differences and make informed decisions in educational, clinical, and organizational settings.

"Time management" is not a medical term, but it is a common concept used in various fields including healthcare. It generally refers to the process of organizing and planning how to divide one's time between specific activities to make the most efficient and effective use of time. In a medical context, time management may refer to a clinician's ability to prioritize and allocate their time to provide timely and appropriate care to patients while also managing administrative tasks and continuing education. Effective time management can help reduce stress, improve productivity, and enhance patient care.

"Sick leave" is not a medical term, but rather a term used in the context of employment and human resources. It refers to the time off from work that an employee is allowed to take due to illness or injury, for which they may still receive payment. The specific policies regarding sick leave, such as how much time is granted and whether it is paid or unpaid, can vary based on the employer's policies, labor laws, and collective bargaining agreements.

The Physical Therapy Department in a hospital is a specialized unit that provides evaluation, treatment, and management of patients with various movement and mobility issues. The department is staffed with licensed physical therapists (PTs) and physical therapist assistants (PTAs) who work under the direction of a PT. They use evidence-based techniques to address impairments, improve function, and prevent disability in patients with conditions such as orthopedic injuries, neurological disorders, cardiopulmonary diseases, and pediatric or geriatric conditions.

Physical therapy interventions may include exercises for strength, flexibility, balance, and coordination; manual therapy techniques such as soft tissue mobilization and joint mobilization/manipulation; modalities like heat, cold, electricity, and sound to manage pain and inflammation; and patient education on proper body mechanics, posture, and activity modification. The ultimate goal of physical therapy is to help patients achieve their maximum functional potential and improve their quality of life.

A Patient Care Team is a group of healthcare professionals from various disciplines who work together to provide comprehensive, coordinated care to a patient. The team may include doctors, nurses, pharmacists, social workers, physical therapists, dietitians, and other specialists as needed, depending on the patient's medical condition and healthcare needs.

The Patient Care Team works collaboratively to develop an individualized care plan for the patient, taking into account their medical history, current health status, treatment options, and personal preferences. The team members communicate regularly to share information, coordinate care, and make any necessary adjustments to the care plan.

The goal of a Patient Care Team is to ensure that the patient receives high-quality, safe, and effective care that is tailored to their unique needs and preferences. By working together, the team can provide more comprehensive and coordinated care, which can lead to better outcomes for the patient.

Mental health is a state of well-being in which an individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community. It involves the emotional, psychological, and social aspects of an individual's health. Mental health is not just the absence of mental illness, it also includes positive characteristics such as resilience, happiness, and having a sense of purpose in life.

It is important to note that mental health can change over time, and it is possible for an individual to experience periods of good mental health as well as periods of poor mental health. Factors such as genetics, trauma, stress, and physical illness can all contribute to the development of mental health problems. Additionally, cultural and societal factors, such as discrimination and poverty, can also impact an individual's mental health.

Mental Health professionals like psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers and other mental health counselors use different tools and techniques to evaluate, diagnose and treat mental health conditions. These include therapy or counseling, medication, and self-help strategies.

Family practice, also known as family medicine, is a medical specialty that provides comprehensive and continuous care to patients of all ages, genders, and stages of life. Family physicians are trained to provide a wide range of services, including preventive care, diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic illnesses, management of complex medical conditions, and providing health education and counseling.

Family practice emphasizes the importance of building long-term relationships with patients and their families, and takes into account the physical, emotional, social, and psychological factors that influence a person's health. Family physicians often serve as the primary point of contact for patients within the healthcare system, coordinating care with other specialists and healthcare providers as needed.

Family practice is a broad and diverse field, encompassing various areas such as pediatrics, internal medicine, obstetrics and gynecology, geriatrics, and behavioral health. The goal of family practice is to provide high-quality, patient-centered care that meets the unique needs and preferences of each individual patient and their family.

A "Nurse Aide", also known as a "Nursing Assistant," is a healthcare worker who provides basic care and assistance to patients in various healthcare settings under the supervision of licensed nurses. Nurse aides are responsible for performing routine tasks such as monitoring vital signs, assisting with personal hygiene, helping with mobility, serving meals, making beds, and answering patient calls. They play a critical role in maintaining a safe and comfortable environment for patients and supporting the overall care team.

It is important to note that the specific duties and responsibilities of nurse aides may vary depending on the state or country where they work, as well as the specific healthcare setting. In some cases, nurse aides may be required to complete a state-approved training program and pass a certification exam in order to practice.

Rural health services refer to the healthcare delivery systems and facilities that are located in rural areas and are designed to meet the unique health needs of rural populations. These services can include hospitals, clinics, community health centers, mental health centers, and home health agencies, as well as various programs and initiatives aimed at improving access to care, addressing health disparities, and promoting health and wellness in rural communities.

Rural health services are often characterized by longer travel distances to healthcare facilities, a greater reliance on primary care and preventive services, and a higher prevalence of certain health conditions such as chronic diseases, injuries, and mental health disorders. As a result, rural health services must be tailored to address these challenges and provide high-quality, affordable, and accessible care to rural residents.

In many countries, rural health services are supported by government policies and programs aimed at improving healthcare infrastructure, workforce development, and telehealth technologies in rural areas. These efforts are critical for ensuring that all individuals, regardless of where they live, have access to the healthcare services they need to maintain their health and well-being.

A dental assistant is a healthcare professional who works under the direction of a dentist and provides patient care, takes and develops x-rays, assists the dentist during procedures, performs infection control procedures, and helps with office management. They may also provide education to patients on oral hygiene and other dental health topics. Dental assistants must be trained and certified in many states and are an important part of the dental care team.

Nurse administrators, also known as nursing managers or healthcare executives, are registered nurses who have advanced education and training in management, leadership, and business. They are responsible for overseeing the operations of healthcare facilities or units within those facilities, such as hospitals, clinics, or long-term care centers.

Their duties may include:

* Developing and implementing policies, procedures, and standards of care
* Managing budgets and resources
* Hiring, training, and supervising staff
* Ensuring compliance with regulatory and accreditation requirements
* Improving the quality and efficiency of healthcare services
* Collaborating with other healthcare professionals to develop and implement programs that improve patient outcomes and satisfaction.

Nurse administrators may work in a variety of settings, including hospitals, long-term care facilities, home health agencies, public health organizations, and physician practices. They may also work in consulting firms, insurance companies, and other organizations that provide healthcare services or products.

To become a nurse administrator, one typically needs to have a bachelor's or master's degree in nursing, as well as experience in clinical nursing practice. Many nurse administrators also earn additional certifications, such as the Nurse Executive (NE) or Nurse Executive-Advanced (NEA-BC), offered by the American Nurses Credentialing Center.

I couldn't find a specific medical definition for "Personnel Staffing and Scheduling," but I can provide you with a general definition that is widely used in the healthcare industry.

"Personnel Staffing and Scheduling" refers to the process of managing and allocating healthcare personnel resources to ensure appropriate staffing levels and schedules to meet the demand for patient care services. It involves determining the right number and mix of qualified healthcare professionals, such as physicians, nurses, therapists, and other support staff, required to provide safe and high-quality patient care.

Effective personnel staffing and scheduling aim to match the supply of healthcare personnel with the demand for patient care services while considering factors such as patient acuity, skill mix, workload, and productivity. It also involves addressing issues related to employee satisfaction, work-life balance, fatigue management, and regulatory compliance.

Proper personnel staffing and scheduling are critical in ensuring that healthcare organizations can deliver safe, high-quality care to their patients while maintaining the well-being and job satisfaction of their employees.

Health care surveys are research tools used to systematically collect information from a population or sample regarding their experiences, perceptions, and knowledge of health services, health outcomes, and various other health-related topics. These surveys typically consist of standardized questionnaires that cover specific aspects of healthcare, such as access to care, quality of care, patient satisfaction, health disparities, and healthcare costs. The data gathered from health care surveys are used to inform policy decisions, improve healthcare delivery, identify best practices, allocate resources, and monitor the health status of populations. Health care surveys can be conducted through various modes, including in-person interviews, telephone interviews, mail-in questionnaires, or online platforms.

Quality of Life (QOL) is a broad, multidimensional concept that usually includes an individual's physical health, psychological state, level of independence, social relationships, personal beliefs, and their relationship to salient features of their environment. It reflects the impact of disease and treatment on a patient's overall well-being and ability to function in daily life.

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines QOL as "an individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns." It is a subjective concept, meaning it can vary greatly from person to person.

In healthcare, QOL is often used as an outcome measure in clinical trials and other research studies to assess the impact of interventions or treatments on overall patient well-being.

Health status is a term used to describe the overall condition of an individual's health, including physical, mental, and social well-being. It is often assessed through various measures such as medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and self-reported health assessments. Health status can be used to identify health disparities, track changes in population health over time, and evaluate the effectiveness of healthcare interventions.

Community health nursing, also known as public health nursing, is a specialized area of nursing practice that focuses on improving the health and well-being of communities and populations. It involves the assessment, diagnosis, intervention, and evaluation of the health needs of communities, and the development and implementation of programs and interventions to address those needs.

Community health nurses work in a variety of settings, including community health centers, public health departments, schools, and home health agencies. They may provide direct care to individuals and families, as well as coordinate and deliver population-based services such as immunization clinics, health education programs, and screenings.

The goal of community health nursing is to promote and protect the health of communities and populations, particularly those who are most vulnerable or at risk. This may include addressing issues such as infectious disease prevention and control, chronic disease management, maternal and child health, environmental health, and access to care. Community health nurses also play an important role in advocating for policies and practices that support the health and well-being of communities and populations.

Regression analysis is a statistical technique used in medicine, as well as in other fields, to examine the relationship between one or more independent variables (predictors) and a dependent variable (outcome). It allows for the estimation of the average change in the outcome variable associated with a one-unit change in an independent variable, while controlling for the effects of other independent variables. This technique is often used to identify risk factors for diseases or to evaluate the effectiveness of medical interventions. In medical research, regression analysis can be used to adjust for potential confounding variables and to quantify the relationship between exposures and health outcomes. It can also be used in predictive modeling to estimate the probability of a particular outcome based on multiple predictors.

Social support in a medical context refers to the resources and assistance provided by an individual's social network, including family, friends, peers, and community groups. These resources can include emotional, informational, and instrumental support, which help individuals cope with stress, manage health conditions, and maintain their overall well-being.

Emotional support involves providing empathy, care, and encouragement to help an individual feel valued, understood, and cared for. Informational support refers to the provision of advice, guidance, and knowledge that can help an individual make informed decisions about their health or other aspects of their life. Instrumental support includes practical assistance such as help with daily tasks, financial aid, or access to resources.

Social support has been shown to have a positive impact on physical and mental health outcomes, including reduced stress levels, improved immune function, better coping skills, and increased resilience. It can also play a critical role in promoting healthy behaviors, such as adherence to medical treatments and lifestyle changes.

Professional practice in the context of medicine refers to the responsible and ethical application of medical knowledge, skills, and judgement in providing healthcare services to patients. It involves adhering to established standards, guidelines, and best practices within the medical community, while also considering individual patient needs and preferences. Professional practice requires ongoing learning, self-reflection, and improvement to maintain and enhance one's competence and expertise. Additionally, it encompasses effective communication, collaboration, and respect for colleagues, other healthcare professionals, and patients. Ultimately, professional practice is aimed at promoting the health, well-being, and autonomy of patients while also safeguarding their rights and dignity.

Interpersonal relations, in the context of medicine and healthcare, refer to the interactions and relationships between patients and healthcare professionals, as well as among healthcare professionals themselves. These relationships are crucial in the delivery of care and can significantly impact patient outcomes. Positive interpersonal relations can lead to improved communication, increased trust, greater patient satisfaction, and better adherence to treatment plans. On the other hand, negative or strained interpersonal relations can result in poor communication, mistrust, dissatisfaction, and non-adherence.

Healthcare professionals are trained to develop effective interpersonal skills, including active listening, empathy, respect, and cultural sensitivity, to build positive relationships with their patients. Effective interpersonal relations also involve clear and concise communication, setting appropriate boundaries, and managing conflicts in a constructive manner. In addition, positive interpersonal relations among healthcare professionals can promote collaboration, teamwork, and knowledge sharing, leading to improved patient care and safety.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Japan" is not a medical term. Japan is the name of a country, officially known as Nippon-koku or Nihon-koku in Japanese, and is located in East Asia. It is an island nation in the Pacific Ocean with a population of about 126 million people.

If you have any medical questions or terms that you would like me to define, please let me know!

I couldn't find a specific medical definition for "Hospital-Physician Relations," but I can provide information on what this term generally refers to in the healthcare industry.

Hospital-Physician Relations is a department or function within a hospital that focuses on building, maintaining, and strengthening relationships between the hospital and its medical staff, including physicians, nurse practitioners, and other healthcare professionals. This relationship-building aims to align the clinical and operational goals of both parties, improve patient care, increase physician satisfaction, and support the hospital's financial success.

The Hospital-Physician Relations department often handles tasks such as:

1. Onboarding new physicians and other medical staff members.
2. Providing education about hospital policies, procedures, and resources.
3. Facilitating communication between hospital administration and medical staff.
4. Addressing physician concerns and resolving conflicts.
5. Coordinating hospital committees with medical staff participation.
6. Organizing events and meetings for professional development and networking.
7. Supporting quality improvement initiatives and promoting evidence-based practices.
8. Assisting in the recruitment of new physicians to join the medical staff.
9. Monitoring and analyzing physician referral patterns and productivity data.
10. Ensuring compliance with regulations related to hospital-physician relationships, such as Stark Law and Anti-Kickback Statute.

Overall, Hospital-Physician Relations plays a crucial role in fostering a collaborative environment where medical staff and hospitals can work together effectively to provide high-quality patient care.

I believe you may have made a typo in your question. The term you're asking about should be "mentor" instead of "mentors." A mentor is not a medical term per se, but I can certainly provide a general definition.

A mentor is a experienced and trusted advisor or guide who provides support, shares knowledge, and helps in the personal and professional development of an individual, often in a specific field or industry. In a medical context, a mentor could be a senior physician or researcher who guides and supports a medical student, resident, or fellow in their learning and career progression.

I believe there may be a misunderstanding in your question. "Societies" is a broad term that generally refers to organized groups of individuals who share common interests, goals, or characteristics. It does not have a specific medical definition. However, if you're referring to "society" in the context of social determinants of health, it relates to the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age, including the systems put in place to deal with illness. These factors can greatly influence health outcomes. If you could provide more context or clarify your question, I would be happy to help further.

A dental hygienist is a licensed healthcare professional who works as part of the dental team, providing educational, clinical, and therapeutic services to prevent and control oral diseases. They are trained and authorized to perform various duties such as:

1. Cleaning and polishing teeth (prophylaxis) to remove plaque, calculus, and stains.
2. Applying fluoride and sealants to protect tooth surfaces from decay.
3. Taking dental radiographs (x-rays) to help diagnose dental issues.
4. Providing oral health education, including proper brushing, flossing techniques, and nutrition counseling.
5. Performing screenings for oral cancer and other diseases.
6. Documenting patient care and treatment plans in medical records.
7. Collaborating with dentists to develop individualized treatment plans for patients.
8. Managing infection control protocols and maintaining a safe, clean dental environment.
9. Providing supportive services, such as applying anesthetics or administering nitrous oxide, under the direct supervision of a dentist (depending on state regulations).

Dental hygienists typically work in private dental offices but can also be found in hospitals, clinics, public health settings, educational institutions, and research facilities. They must complete an accredited dental hygiene program and pass written and clinical exams to obtain licensure in their state of practice. Continuing education is required to maintain licensure and stay current with advancements in the field.

A Nurse Practitioner (NP) is a registered nurse who has completed advanced education (at least a master’s degree) and training in specialized areas of clinical practice. They are licensed to provide a wide range of healthcare services, including ordering and interpreting diagnostic tests, diagnosing and treating acute and chronic conditions, prescribing medications, and managing overall patient care.

Nurse practitioners may work independently or collaboratively with physicians and other healthcare professionals. Their scope of practice varies by state, but they often provide primary and specialty care in settings such as hospitals, clinics, private practices, and long-term care facilities. The focus of nurse practitioner practice is on holistic patient-centered care, health promotion, disease prevention, and patient education.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "United States" is a geopolitical entity, specifically the name of the country consisting of 50 states, and it is not a medical term or concept. Therefore, I can't provide a medical definition for it. If you have any questions related to health, medicine, or biology, I would be happy to try to help answer those!

Private hospitals are medical facilities that are owned and operated by private entities, such as corporations or individuals, rather than being government-owned. They are funded through patient fees, private insurance, and some may also receive funding from charitable organizations. Private hospitals can offer a range of services, including emergency care, inpatient and outpatient care, diagnostic tests, and surgeries. They may have the flexibility to offer more specialized medical equipment and procedures compared to public hospitals, as well as potentially having shorter wait times for non-emergency procedures. However, private hospitals may not be accessible to all individuals due to their cost, and they may prioritize profit over patient care in some cases.

Pharmacy, as defined by the Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary, is: "a place or store where drugs, medicines, and other similar items are prepared, compounded, dispensed, or sold." It can also refer to the art, science, or practice of preparing, compounding, and dispensing medicinal preparations.

Pharmacists are healthcare professionals who practice in pharmacy, and they are responsible for ensuring that the medications prescribed to patients are appropriate, safe, and effective. They also provide advice on the proper use of medications, monitor patient health and drug therapies, and offer specialized services to help patients manage their medications.

Pharmacies can be found in a variety of settings, including hospitals, clinics, retail stores, and online platforms. Regardless of where they are located, pharmacies must adhere to strict regulations and standards to ensure the safety and efficacy of the medications they dispense.

A Nurse-Midwife, according to the American College of Nurse-Midwives (ACNM), is a certified nurse-midwife (CNM) who has successfully completed a graduate-level education program accredited by the Accreditation Commission for Midwifery Education (ACME) and passed a national certification examination to receive the professional designation of CNM. Nurse-midwives are licensed, independent healthcare providers who practice in a variety of settings including hospitals, medical offices, clinics, community health systems, and birth centers.

Nurse-midwives offer primary care, gynecological care, family planning services, preconception care, pregnancy care, childbirth care, and postpartum care to women throughout the lifespan. They focus on promoting normal physiologic processes, providing education, counseling, and patient advocacy, and collaborating with other healthcare professionals when necessary. Nurse-midwives are recognized for their expertise in providing safe, evidence-based, woman-centered care.

Organizational models in the context of medicine refer to frameworks that are used to describe, analyze, and improve the structure, processes, and outcomes of healthcare organizations. These models provide a systematic way of understanding how different components of an organization interact with each other and how they contribute to the overall performance of the system.

Examples of organizational models in healthcare include:

1. The Donabedian model: This model focuses on the structure, process, and outcome of healthcare as interrelated components that influence the quality of care.
2. The Baldrige Performance Excellence Program: This model provides a framework for organizations to evaluate their performance and identify areas for improvement in seven categories: leadership, strategic planning, customer focus, measurement, analysis, and knowledge management; workforce focus; process management; and results.
3. The Institute of Medicine's (IOM) six aims for improvement: The IOM has identified six aims that should be the focus of healthcare quality improvement efforts: safety, timeliness, patient-centeredness, effectiveness, efficiency, and equity.
4. The Lean management system: This model is a process improvement approach that focuses on eliminating waste and maximizing value for customers through continuous improvement and respect for people.
5. The Six Sigma methodology: This model is a data-driven approach to quality improvement that seeks to reduce variation and defects in processes through the use of statistical tools and techniques.

These are just a few examples of organizational models used in healthcare. Each model has its own strengths and limitations, and organizations may choose to adopt one or more models depending on their specific needs and goals.

Community Health Centers (CHCs) are primary care facilities that provide comprehensive and culturally competent health services to medically underserved communities, regardless of their ability to pay. CHCs are funded through various sources, including the federal government's Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA). They aim to reduce health disparities and improve health outcomes for vulnerable populations by providing access to high-quality preventive and primary care services.

CHCs offer a range of services, such as medical, dental, and behavioral health care, as well as enabling services like case management, transportation, and language interpretation. They operate on a sliding fee scale basis, ensuring that patients pay based on their income and ability to pay. CHCs also engage in community outreach and education to promote health awareness and prevention.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Norway" is not a medical term or concept. It is a country in Northern Europe, known officially as the Kingdom of Norway. If you have any questions about medical topics or definitions, I would be happy to help!

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Slovenia" is not a medical term. It is actually a country located in Central Europe. If you have any questions about medical terms or concepts, I would be happy to help clarify those for you.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Northwestern United States" is not a term that has a medical definition. It generally refers to a geographical region in the US, consisting of states like Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and sometimes Montana and Wyoming. If you have any questions related to medical topics, I'd be happy to try to help answer those!

Physician-patient relations, also known as doctor-patient relationships, refer to the interaction and communication between healthcare professionals and their patients. This relationship is founded on trust, respect, and understanding, with the physician providing medical care and treatment based on the patient's needs and best interests. Effective physician-patient relations involve clear communication, informed consent, shared decision-making, and confidentiality. A positive and collaborative relationship can lead to better health outcomes, improved patient satisfaction, and increased adherence to treatment plans.

I am not a medical doctor, but I can provide you with some information on this topic. Self-concept is more commonly discussed in psychology than in medicine, but it still has relevance to understanding individual experiences and behaviors in health and illness.

Self-concept refers to an individual's perception, beliefs, and attitudes about themselves, encompassing various dimensions such as:

1. Physical self (how one perceives their physical appearance, abilities, and health)
2. Social self (how one perceives their relationships with others, social roles, and status)
3. Psychological or personal self (how one perceives their personality traits, values, and beliefs)

Self-concept can influence how people view their own health, cope with illness, and engage in health behaviors. For example, a positive self-concept may contribute to better adherence to treatment plans and healthier lifestyle choices, while negative self-concepts might lead to poorer health outcomes due to decreased motivation or self-efficacy.

Understanding an individual's self-concept can help healthcare professionals tailor their communication style, recommendations, and interventions to better meet the patient's needs and preferences.

Primary health care is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as:

"Essential health care that is based on practical, scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and technology made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community through their full participation and at a cost that the community and country can afford. It forms an integral part both of the country's health system, of which it is the central function and main focus, and of the overall social and economic development of the community. It is the first level of contact of individuals, the family and community with the national health system bringing health care as close as possible to where people live and work, and constitutes the first element of a continuing health care process."

Primary health care includes a range of services such as preventive care, health promotion, curative care, rehabilitation, and palliative care. It is typically provided by a team of health professionals including doctors, nurses, midwives, pharmacists, and other community health workers. The goal of primary health care is to provide comprehensive, continuous, and coordinated care to individuals and families in a way that is accessible, affordable, and culturally sensitive.

Quality Assurance in the context of healthcare refers to a systematic approach and set of activities designed to ensure that health care services and products consistently meet predetermined standards of quality and safety. It includes all the policies, procedures, and processes that are put in place to monitor, assess, and improve the quality of healthcare delivery.

The goal of quality assurance is to minimize variability in clinical practice, reduce medical errors, and ensure that patients receive evidence-based care that is safe, effective, timely, patient-centered, and equitable. Quality assurance activities may include:

1. Establishing standards of care based on best practices and clinical guidelines.
2. Developing and implementing policies and procedures to ensure compliance with these standards.
3. Providing education and training to healthcare professionals to improve their knowledge and skills.
4. Conducting audits, reviews, and evaluations of healthcare services and processes to identify areas for improvement.
5. Implementing corrective actions to address identified issues and prevent their recurrence.
6. Monitoring and measuring outcomes to evaluate the effectiveness of quality improvement initiatives.

Quality assurance is an ongoing process that requires continuous evaluation and improvement to ensure that healthcare delivery remains safe, effective, and patient-centered.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Austria" is not a medical term or concept. It is a country located in central Europe, known officially as the Republic of Austria. It is not a medical condition, treatment, or related term. If you have any questions about a medical issue, I would be happy to try to help answer those for you!

Primary care physicians are medical professionals who provide first-contact and continuous care for patients with acute and chronic physical, mental, and social health problems. They serve as the patient's main point of entry into the healthcare system and act as the patient's advocate in coordinating access to and delivery of appropriate healthcare services. Primary care physicians may include general practitioners, family medicine specialists, internists, pediatricians, and geriatricians.

Primary care involves the widest scope of healthcare, including all ages of patients, patients of all socioeconomic and geographic origins, and patients seeking to maintain optimal health, as well as those with all types of acute and chronic physical, mental and social health issues. Primary care includes disease prevention, health promotion, patient education, and diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic illnesses.

Primary care physicians are trained to recognize a wide range of health problems and to provide initial treatment or make referrals to medical subspecialists or other healthcare professionals as needed. They may also provide ongoing, person-centered care, including chronic disease management, and they play an important role in coordinating the care provided by other healthcare professionals and specialists.

Primary care physicians are often based in community settings such as private practices, community health centers, or hospital outpatient departments, and they may work in teams with nurses, social workers, mental health professionals, and other healthcare providers to provide comprehensive, patient-centered care.

I'm happy to help, but it seems there might be some confusion in your question. "Interviews" is a broad topic that isn't typically a medical term or subject. However, interviews can certainly be a part of medical settings and procedures, such as job interviews for healthcare positions, patient interviews during medical consultations, or research interviews in clinical studies.

In the context of medical education, an interview might refer to the process by which medical schools evaluate applicants for admission, known as the medical school interview. This is a critical component of the application process and typically involves one-on-one conversations between the applicant and an admissions committee member or a series of multiple mini-interviews (MMIs) with various evaluators.

If you could provide more context or clarify what you mean by "Interviews as Topic" in a medical setting, I'd be happy to help further!

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "universities" is a term that refers to institutions of higher education and research, and it is not a medical term. A university typically offers undergraduate and postgraduate programs leading to the award of degrees such as bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees.

If you have any questions related to medicine or healthcare, I would be happy to try to help answer them for you.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but the term "Great Britain" is not a medical concept or condition. It is a geographical and political term referring to the largest island in the British Isles, on which the majority of England, Scotland, and Wales are located. It's also used to refer to the political union of these three countries, which is called the United Kingdom. Therefore, it doesn't have a medical definition.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Job Application" is not a medical term. It refers to the process or documents used when someone is seeking employment with a company or organization. This typically includes submitting a resume or curriculum vitae (CV), cover letter, and sometimes completing an application form provided by the employer.

If you have any questions about medical terminology or concepts, I'd be happy to help!

I am not aware of a medical definition for "Internal-External Control." However, the term "locus of control" is commonly used in psychology and medicine to describe an individual's belief about the degree to which they have control over events and outcomes in their life.

Locus of control can be categorized as either internal or external:

* Internal locus of control refers to the belief that one has control over their own life outcomes, and that these outcomes are determined by their own efforts, abilities, and choices.
* External locus of control, on the other hand, refers to the belief that events and outcomes in one's life are controlled by external factors such as luck, chance, or powerful others.

Both internal and external locus of control can have implications for health behaviors and medical outcomes. For example, individuals with an internal locus of control may be more likely to engage in healthy behaviors such as exercise and healthy eating, while those with an external locus of control may be more likely to engage in risky behaviors such as smoking or substance abuse. Similarly, a strong internal locus of control has been associated with better medical outcomes, including improved mental health and reduced symptoms of chronic illness.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Lithuania" is not a medical term. It is a country in Northern Europe, the southernmost of the three Baltic states. If you have any questions about medical terms or concepts, I would be happy to try and help answer those for you!

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Taiwan" is not a medical term or concept. It is the name of an island nation located in East Asia. The official name of the country is the Republic of China (ROC). If you have any medical questions or inquiries, I would be happy to help answer those for you!

Psychological adaptation refers to the process by which individuals adjust and cope with stressors, challenges, or changes in their environment or circumstances. It involves modifying thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and copabilities to reduce the negative impact of these stressors and promote well-being. Psychological adaptation can occur at different levels, including intrapersonal (within the individual), interpersonal (between individuals), and cultural (within a group or society).

Examples of psychological adaptation include:

* Cognitive restructuring: changing negative thoughts and beliefs to more positive or adaptive ones
* Emotion regulation: managing and reducing intense or distressing emotions
* Problem-solving: finding solutions to practical challenges or obstacles
* Seeking social support: reaching out to others for help, advice, or comfort
* Developing coping strategies: using effective ways to deal with stressors or difficulties
* Cultivating resilience: bouncing back from adversity and learning from negative experiences.

Psychological adaptation is an important aspect of mental health and well-being, as it helps individuals adapt to new situations, overcome challenges, and maintain a sense of control and optimism in the face of stressors or changes.

In the context of healthcare and medical psychology, motivation refers to the driving force behind an individual's goal-oriented behavior. It is the internal or external stimuli that initiate, direct, and sustain a person's actions towards achieving their desired outcomes. Motivation can be influenced by various factors such as biological needs, personal values, emotional states, and social contexts.

In clinical settings, healthcare professionals often assess patients' motivation to engage in treatment plans, adhere to medical recommendations, or make lifestyle changes necessary for improving their health status. Enhancing a patient's motivation can significantly impact their ability to manage chronic conditions, recover from illnesses, and maintain overall well-being. Various motivational interviewing techniques and interventions are employed by healthcare providers to foster intrinsic motivation and support patients in achieving their health goals.

Organizational decision-making is a management process in which a group or team within an organization makes a judgment or choice among several options or alternatives to achieve specific goals or objectives. This process involves collecting and analyzing information, evaluating alternatives, selecting the best option, and implementing and monitoring the decision. It often requires collaboration, communication, and consensus-building among team members with diverse perspectives and expertise. Effective organizational decision-making can lead to better outcomes, improved performance, and increased innovation, while poor decision-making can result in missed opportunities, wasted resources, and decreased competitiveness.

Internal Medicine is a medical specialty that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of internal diseases affecting adults. It encompasses a wide range of medical conditions, including those related to the cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, hematological, endocrine, infectious, and immune systems. Internists, or general internists, are trained to provide comprehensive care for adult patients, managing both simple and complex diseases, and often serving as primary care physicians. They may also subspecialize in various fields such as cardiology, gastroenterology, nephrology, or infectious disease, among others.

In the medical context, communication refers to the process of exchanging information, ideas, or feelings between two or more individuals in order to facilitate understanding, cooperation, and decision-making. Effective communication is critical in healthcare settings to ensure that patients receive accurate diagnoses, treatment plans, and follow-up care. It involves not only verbal and written communication but also nonverbal cues such as body language and facial expressions.

Healthcare providers must communicate clearly and empathetically with their patients to build trust, address concerns, and ensure that they understand their medical condition and treatment options. Similarly, healthcare teams must communicate effectively with each other to coordinate care, avoid errors, and provide the best possible outcomes for their patients. Communication skills are essential for all healthcare professionals, including physicians, nurses, therapists, and social workers.

I am not a medical professional, but I can tell you that the term "contract services" is more commonly used in business and healthcare administration than in clinical medicine. It generally refers to an agreement between a healthcare provider or organization and another entity for the delivery of specific medical services over a defined period of time. The contract outlines the scope, expectations, and compensation for these services.

For example, a hospital may have a contract with a staffing agency to provide nursing personnel on a temporary basis. Or, an insurance company might have a contract with a network of healthcare providers to deliver medical care to their policyholders at agreed-upon rates. These arrangements can help ensure consistent quality and cost control in the delivery of healthcare services.

"State Medicine" is not a term that has a widely accepted or specific medical definition. However, in general terms, it can refer to the organization, financing, and delivery of healthcare services and resources at the national or regional level, overseen and managed by the government or state. This can include public health initiatives, regulation of healthcare professionals and institutions, and the provision of healthcare services through publicly funded programs.

In some contexts, "State Medicine" may also refer to the practice of using medical treatments or interventions as a means of achieving political or social objectives, such as reducing crime rates or improving economic productivity. However, this usage is less common and more controversial.

Logistic models, specifically logistic regression models, are a type of statistical analysis used in medical and epidemiological research to identify the relationship between the risk of a certain health outcome or disease (dependent variable) and one or more independent variables, such as demographic factors, exposure variables, or other clinical measurements.

In contrast to linear regression models, logistic regression models are used when the dependent variable is binary or dichotomous in nature, meaning it can only take on two values, such as "disease present" or "disease absent." The model uses a logistic function to estimate the probability of the outcome based on the independent variables.

Logistic regression models are useful for identifying risk factors and estimating the strength of associations between exposures and health outcomes, adjusting for potential confounders, and predicting the probability of an outcome given certain values of the independent variables. They can also be used to develop clinical prediction rules or scores that can aid in decision-making and patient care.

A nursing home, also known as a skilled nursing facility, is a type of residential healthcare facility that provides round-the-clock care and assistance to individuals who require a high level of medical care and support with activities of daily living. Nursing homes are designed for people who cannot be cared for at home or in an assisted living facility due to their complex medical needs, mobility limitations, or cognitive impairments.

Nursing homes provide a range of services, including:

1. Skilled nursing care: Registered nurses and licensed practical nurses provide 24-hour medical care and monitoring for residents with chronic illnesses, disabilities, or those recovering from surgery or illness.
2. Rehabilitation services: Physical, occupational, and speech therapists help residents regain strength, mobility, and communication skills after an injury, illness, or surgery.
3. Personal care: Certified nursing assistants (CNAs) help residents with activities of daily living, such as bathing, dressing, grooming, and using the bathroom.
4. Meals and nutrition: Nursing homes provide three meals a day, plus snacks, and accommodate special dietary needs.
5. Social activities: Recreational programs and social events are organized to help residents stay active and engaged with their peers.
6. Hospice care: Some nursing homes offer end-of-life care for residents who require palliative or comfort measures.
7. Secure environments: For residents with memory impairments, specialized units called memory care or Alzheimer's units provide a secure and structured environment to help maintain their safety and well-being.

When selecting a nursing home, it is essential to consider factors such as the quality of care, staff-to-resident ratio, cleanliness, and overall atmosphere to ensure the best possible experience for the resident.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "England" is not a medical term or concept. It is one of the four constituent countries that make up the United Kingdom, along with Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. England is located in the southern part of Great Britain, which is the largest island of the British Isles.

If you have any questions related to medicine or healthcare, I would be happy to try to help answer them for you!

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "New Jersey" is not a medical term or concept. It is a state located in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. If you have any questions about medical terminology or concepts, I would be happy to help!

Health care reform refers to the legislative efforts, initiatives, and debates aimed at improving the quality, affordability, and accessibility of health care services. These reforms may include changes to health insurance coverage, delivery systems, payment methods, and healthcare regulations. The goals of health care reform are often to increase the number of people with health insurance, reduce healthcare costs, and improve the overall health outcomes of a population. Examples of notable health care reform measures in the United States include the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and Medicare for All proposals.

A Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) is a type of managed care organization (MCO) that provides comprehensive health care services to its members, typically for a fixed monthly premium. HMOs are characterized by a prepaid payment model and a focus on preventive care and early intervention to manage the health of their enrolled population.

In an HMO, members must choose a primary care physician (PCP) who acts as their first point of contact for medical care and coordinates all aspects of their healthcare needs within the HMO network. Specialist care is generally only covered if it is referred by the PCP, and members are typically required to obtain medical services from providers that are part of the HMO's network. This helps to keep costs down and ensures that care is coordinated and managed effectively.

HMOs may also offer additional benefits such as dental, vision, and mental health services, depending on the specific plan. However, members may face higher out-of-pocket costs if they choose to receive care outside of the HMO network. Overall, HMOs are designed to provide comprehensive healthcare coverage at a more affordable cost than traditional fee-for-service insurance plans.

I apologize for any confusion, but "Estonia" is not a medical term or concept. It is the name of a country located in Northern Europe. If you have any questions related to medicine or health, I would be happy to try and help answer them.

"Urban hospitals" is not a medical term per se, but rather a term that describes the location and setting of healthcare facilities. In this context, "urban" refers to densely populated cities or built-up areas, as opposed to rural or suburban regions. Therefore, urban hospitals are medical institutions located in or near urban centers, serving large populations and typically providing a wide range of specialized services.

These hospitals often have more resources, advanced technology, and subspecialties compared to their rural counterparts due to the higher patient volume and financial support they receive. They also tend to be teaching hospitals affiliated with medical schools and research institutions, contributing significantly to medical education, innovation, and clinical trials.

However, it is important to note that urban hospitals may face unique challenges in providing care, such as serving diverse populations with varying socioeconomic backgrounds, addressing health disparities, managing high patient volumes, and dealing with issues related to overcrowding and resource allocation.

Academic medical centers (AMCs) are institutions that combine medical care, research, and education in a single setting. They are typically affiliated with a medical school and often serve as teaching hospitals for medical students, residents, and fellows. AMCs are dedicated to providing high-quality patient care while also advancing medical knowledge through research and training the next generation of healthcare professionals.

AMCs often have a strong focus on cutting-edge medical technology, innovative treatments, and clinical trials. They may also be involved in community outreach programs and provide specialized care for complex medical conditions that may not be available at other hospitals or healthcare facilities. Additionally, AMCs often have robust research programs focused on developing new drugs, therapies, and medical devices to improve patient outcomes and advance the field of medicine.

Overall, academic medical centers play a critical role in advancing medical knowledge, improving patient care, and training future healthcare professionals.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "pilot projects" is not a medical term per se. Instead, it is a general term used in various fields, including healthcare and medicine, to describe a small-scale initiative that is implemented on a temporary basis to evaluate its feasibility, effectiveness, or impact before deciding whether to expand or continue it.

In the context of healthcare, pilot projects might involve testing new treatment protocols, implementing innovative care models, or introducing technology solutions in a limited setting to assess their potential benefits and drawbacks. The results of these projects can help inform decisions about broader implementation and provide valuable insights for improving the quality and efficiency of healthcare services.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Netherlands" is not a medical term. It is a country located in Western Europe, known for its artistic heritage, elaborate canal system, and legalized marijuana and prostitution. If you have any questions about medical terms or concepts, I would be happy to help with those!

Community health workers (CHWs) are individuals who are trained to work within and promote the health of their own communities. They serve as a bridge between healthcare professionals and the communities they serve, often working in underserved or hard-to-reach areas. CHWs may provide a range of services, including health education, outreach, advocacy, and case management.

CHWs come from diverse backgrounds and may have different levels of training and education. They are typically trusted members of their communities and share similar language, culture, and life experiences with the people they serve. This helps to build rapport and trust with community members, making it easier for CHWs to provide culturally sensitive care and support.

The role of CHWs can vary depending on the needs of the community and the healthcare system in which they work. In some settings, CHWs may focus on specific health issues, such as maternal and child health, infectious diseases, or chronic conditions like diabetes. In other cases, they may provide more general support to help individuals navigate the healthcare system and access needed services.

Overall, community health workers play an important role in promoting health equity and improving health outcomes for vulnerable populations. By working closely with communities and connecting them to appropriate care and resources, CHWs can help to reduce disparities and improve the overall health of their communities.

Emotional intelligence (EI) is the ability to recognize, understand, and manage our own emotions and the emotions of others. It involves the skills of perception, understanding, reasoning with emotions, and managing emotions to promote emotional and intellectual growth. EI includes four key components:

1. Perception and Expression of Emotion: The ability to accurately perceive, identify, and express emotions in oneself and others.
2. Understanding and Analyzing Emotion: The ability to understand the causes and consequences of emotions and how they may combine and change over time.
3. Emotional Reasoning: The ability to use emotions to facilitate thinking and problem solving, and to make decisions based on both emotional and rational information.
4. Emotional Management: The ability to manage emotions in oneself and others, including the regulation of one's own emotions and the ability to influence the emotions of others.

Emotional intelligence is not a fixed trait, but rather can be developed and improved through practice and learning. It has been shown to have significant implications for personal well-being, interpersonal relationships, and professional success.

The term "Faculty, Medical" generally refers to the faculty members who are involved in medical education and training within a medical school or academic institution. These individuals are responsible for teaching and instructing medical students, residents, and fellows in various areas of medical knowledge and clinical skills. They may hold positions such as professor, associate professor, assistant professor, or instructor, and they may specialize in a particular area of medicine such as internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, or psychiatry. Medical faculty members may also be involved in research, patient care, and administrative duties within the institution.

In the context of medicine, specialization refers to the process or state of a physician, surgeon, or other healthcare professional acquiring and demonstrating expertise in a particular field or area of practice beyond their initial general training. This is usually achieved through additional years of education, training, and clinical experience in a specific medical discipline or subspecialty.

For instance, a doctor who has completed medical school and a general residency program may choose to specialize in cardiology, dermatology, neurology, orthopedics, psychiatry, or any other branch of medicine. After completing a specialized fellowship program and passing the relevant certification exams, they become certified as a specialist in that field, recognized by professional medical organizations such as the American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS) or the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (RCPSC).

Specialization allows healthcare professionals to provide more focused, expert care for patients with specific conditions or needs. It also contributes to the development and advancement of medical knowledge and practice, as specialists often conduct research and contribute to the evidence base in their respective fields.

I believe there might be a bit of confusion in your question. A "history" in medical terms usually refers to the detailed account of a patient's symptoms, illnesses, and treatments over time. It is a crucial part of the medical record and helps healthcare professionals understand the patient's health status and inform their care plans.

On the other hand, "16th century" refers to a specific period in history, spanning from 1501 to 1600 AD.

There isn't a direct medical definition for 'History, 16th Century.' However, if you are interested in learning about the medical advancements and practices during that time, I would be happy to provide some information. The 16th century was marked by significant developments in anatomy, surgery, and pharmacology, thanks to pioneers like Andreas Vesalius, Ambroise Paré, and William Shakespeare, who incorporated medical themes into his plays.

Clinical competence is the ability of a healthcare professional to provide safe and effective patient care, demonstrating the knowledge, skills, and attitudes required for the job. It involves the integration of theoretical knowledge with practical skills, judgment, and decision-making abilities in real-world clinical situations. Clinical competence is typically evaluated through various methods such as direct observation, case studies, simulations, and feedback from peers and supervisors.

A clinically competent healthcare professional should be able to:

1. Demonstrate a solid understanding of the relevant medical knowledge and its application in clinical practice.
2. Perform essential clinical skills proficiently and safely.
3. Communicate effectively with patients, families, and other healthcare professionals.
4. Make informed decisions based on critical thinking and problem-solving abilities.
5. Exhibit professionalism, ethical behavior, and cultural sensitivity in patient care.
6. Continuously evaluate and improve their performance through self-reflection and ongoing learning.

Maintaining clinical competence is essential for healthcare professionals to ensure the best possible outcomes for their patients and stay current with advances in medical science and technology.

Anesthesiology is a medical specialty concerned with providing anesthesia, which is the loss of sensation or awareness, to patients undergoing surgical, diagnostic, or therapeutic procedures. Anesthesiologists are responsible for administering various types of anesthetics, monitoring the patient's vital signs during the procedure, and managing any complications that may arise. They also play a critical role in pain management before, during, and after surgery, as well as in the treatment of chronic pain conditions.

Anesthesiologists work closely with other medical professionals, including surgeons, anesthetists, nurses, and respiratory therapists, to ensure that patients receive the best possible care. They must have a thorough understanding of human physiology, pharmacology, and anatomy, as well as excellent communication skills and the ability to make quick decisions under high pressure.

The primary goal of anesthesiology is to provide safe and effective anesthesia that minimizes pain and discomfort while maximizing patient safety and comfort. This requires a deep understanding of the risks and benefits associated with different types of anesthetics, as well as the ability to tailor the anesthetic plan to each individual patient's needs and medical history.

In summary, anesthesiology is a critical medical specialty focused on providing safe and effective anesthesia and pain management for patients undergoing surgical or other medical procedures.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "organizational innovation" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. It is a concept that is more commonly used in the fields of business and management, where it refers to the introduction of new methods, ideas, or products within an organization. This can include things like new processes, structures, or technologies that are designed to improve efficiency, effectiveness, or competitive advantage.

In healthcare organizations, for example, organizational innovation might involve the implementation of new electronic health records systems, the creation of multidisciplinary care teams, or the adoption of novel approaches to patient engagement and empowerment. These types of innovations can help to improve patient outcomes, reduce costs, and enhance the overall quality of care.

Musculoskeletal pain is discomfort or pain that affects the muscles, bones, ligaments, tendons, and nerves. It can be caused by injury, overuse, or disease and can affect any part of the body, including the neck, back, shoulders, hips, and extremities. The pain can range from mild to severe and may be accompanied by stiffness, swelling, and decreased range of motion. Common causes of musculoskeletal pain include arthritis, fibromyalgia, tendinitis, bursitis, and muscle or ligament strain. Treatment for musculoskeletal pain depends on the underlying cause and may include physical therapy, medication, and in some cases, surgery.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Inservice Training" is not a medical term per se. Instead, it is a general term used in various fields, including healthcare and education, to refer to training or professional development programs provided to staff members who are already employed or working in a particular organization or industry.

In the context of healthcare, Inservice Training might involve workshops, seminars, or other educational activities designed to enhance the knowledge, skills, and abilities of healthcare professionals such as nurses, doctors, allied health professionals, and administrative staff. These training programs can cover a wide range of topics, including new medical technologies, patient care protocols, safety procedures, regulatory requirements, and leadership development.

The primary goal of Inservice Training is to ensure that healthcare professionals remain up-to-date with the latest developments in their field and are equipped with the necessary skills to provide high-quality care to their patients. By promoting ongoing learning and professional development, organizations can improve patient outcomes, increase staff satisfaction, and enhance the overall quality of care delivered in the healthcare setting.

A "University Hospital" is a type of hospital that is often affiliated with a medical school or university. These hospitals serve as major teaching institutions where medical students, residents, and fellows receive their training and education. They are equipped with advanced medical technology and resources to provide specialized and tertiary care services. University hospitals also conduct research and clinical trials to advance medical knowledge and practices. Additionally, they often treat complex and rare cases and provide a wide range of medical services to the community.

"Personal Autonomy" is not a medical term per se, but it is often used in medical ethics and patient care. It refers to the ability of an individual to make informed decisions about their own health and healthcare, based on their own values, beliefs, and preferences, without undue influence or coercion from others. This includes the right to accept or refuse medical treatment, to maintain confidentiality, and to participate in shared decision-making with healthcare providers. Personal autonomy is recognized as a fundamental principle in medical ethics and patient rights, and is protected by laws and regulations in many countries.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Linear Models" is actually a term from the field of statistics and machine learning, rather than medicine. A linear model is a type of statistical model that is used to analyze the relationship between two or more variables. In a linear model, the relationship between the dependent variable (the outcome or result) and the independent variable(s) (the factors being studied) is assumed to be linear, meaning that it can be described by a straight line on a graph.

The equation for a simple linear model with one independent variable (x) and one dependent variable (y) looks like this:

y = β0 + β1*x + ε

In this equation, β0 is the y-intercept or the value of y when x equals zero, β1 is the slope or the change in y for each unit increase in x, and ε is the error term or the difference between the actual values of y and the predicted values of y based on the linear model.

Linear models are widely used in medical research to study the relationship between various factors (such as exposure to a risk factor or treatment) and health outcomes (such as disease incidence or mortality). They can also be used to adjust for confounding variables, which are factors that may influence both the independent variable and the dependent variable, and thus affect the observed relationship between them.

"Marketing of Health Services" refers to the application of marketing principles and strategies to promote, sell, and deliver health care services to individuals, families, or communities. This can include activities such as advertising, public relations, promotions, and sales to increase awareness and demand for health services, as well as researching and analyzing consumer needs and preferences to tailor health services to better meet those needs. The ultimate goal of marketing in health services is to improve access to and utilization of high-quality health care while maintaining ethical standards and ensuring patient satisfaction.

Qualitative research is a methodological approach in social sciences and healthcare research that focuses on understanding the meanings, experiences, and perspectives of individuals or groups within a specific context. It aims to gather detailed, rich data through various techniques such as interviews, focus groups, observations, and content analysis. The findings from qualitative research are typically descriptive and exploratory, providing insights into processes, perceptions, and experiences that may not be captured through quantitative methods.

In medical research, qualitative research can be used to explore patients' experiences of illness, healthcare providers' perspectives on patient care, or the cultural and social factors that influence health behaviors. It is often used in combination with quantitative methods to provide a more comprehensive understanding of complex health issues.

Certification is the act of granting a formal warranty or guarantee (a certificate) that a product, process, or service conforms to specified requirements. In the medical field, certification often refers to the process by which a regulatory body or professional organization grants recognition to a healthcare professional, institution, or program that meets certain predetermined standards.

For example, in the United States, physicians can become certified in a particular medical specialty through the American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS) after completing residency training and passing a rigorous examination. Similarly, hospitals and other healthcare facilities may be certified by organizations such as The Joint Commission to demonstrate that they meet established quality and safety standards.

Medical certification serves several purposes, including:

1. Ensuring competence: Certification helps establish that the certified individual or organization possesses the necessary knowledge, skills, and abilities to provide safe and effective care in their area of expertise.
2. Protecting patients: By setting and enforcing standards, certification organizations aim to protect patients from harm and ensure they receive high-quality care.
3. Promoting continuous improvement: Certification programs often require ongoing professional development and continuing education, encouraging healthcare professionals and institutions to stay current with best practices and advancements in their field.
4. Enhancing public trust: Certification can help build public confidence in the competence and expertise of healthcare providers and organizations, making it easier for patients to make informed decisions about their care.

Absenteeism is a term used in the medical and occupational health fields to describe the habitual pattern of absence from work or school. It refers to an employee or student's repeated failure to show up for scheduled work or classes without a valid reason or excuse. Absenteeism can have various causes, including physical illness or injury, mental health issues, stress, burnout, disengagement, and poor job or school satisfaction. Chronic absenteeism can lead to negative consequences such as decreased productivity, increased healthcare costs, and reduced academic performance.

"Sex factors" is a term used in medicine and epidemiology to refer to the differences in disease incidence, prevalence, or response to treatment that are observed between males and females. These differences can be attributed to biological differences such as genetics, hormones, and anatomy, as well as social and cultural factors related to gender.

For example, some conditions such as autoimmune diseases, depression, and osteoporosis are more common in women, while others such as cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancer are more prevalent in men. Additionally, sex differences have been observed in the effectiveness and side effects of various medications and treatments.

It is important to consider sex factors in medical research and clinical practice to ensure that patients receive appropriate and effective care.

Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal studies, are a type of cohort study in which data is collected forward in time, following a group of individuals who share a common characteristic or exposure over a period of time. The researchers clearly define the study population and exposure of interest at the beginning of the study and follow up with the participants to determine the outcomes that develop over time. This type of study design allows for the investigation of causal relationships between exposures and outcomes, as well as the identification of risk factors and the estimation of disease incidence rates. Prospective studies are particularly useful in epidemiology and medical research when studying diseases with long latency periods or rare outcomes.

Social work is a professional field of practice that promotes social change, problem-solving in human relationships, and the empowerment and liberation of people to enhance well-being. According to the International Federation of Social Workers (IFSW), social work involves "the application of social sciences, theory, knowledge, and skills to effect positive changes in individuals, groups, communities, and societies."

Social workers are trained to work with individuals, families, groups, and communities to address a wide range of social, emotional, and practical needs. They help people navigate complex systems, access resources, and advocate for their rights. Social workers may be employed in various settings, including hospitals, mental health clinics, schools, community centers, and government agencies.

In medical settings, social work is often focused on helping patients and their families cope with illness, disability, or injury. Medical social workers provide counseling, support, and advocacy to help patients and families navigate the healthcare system, access needed resources, and make informed decisions about treatment options. They may also assist with discharge planning, coordinating care transitions, and connecting patients with community-based services.

Medical social work is a specialized area of practice that requires knowledge and skills in areas such as psychosocial assessment, crisis intervention, case management, and advocacy. Medical social workers must be able to communicate effectively with healthcare professionals, patients, and families, and have a deep understanding of the social determinants of health and the impact of illness on individuals and communities.

Residential facilities, in the context of healthcare and social services, refer to facilities where individuals can reside and receive ongoing care, treatment, and support. These facilities can vary in the level and type of care they provide, depending on the needs of the residents. Here are some examples:

1. Skilled Nursing Facilities (SNFs): Also known as nursing homes, these facilities provide 24-hour skilled nursing care for individuals who require a higher level of medical attention and assistance with activities of daily living (ADLs).

2. Assisted Living Facilities (ALFs): These facilities offer housing, personal care services, and support for individuals who need help with ADLs but do not require constant medical supervision.

3. Continuing Care Retirement Communities (CCRCs): These are residential campuses that offer various levels of care, including independent living, assisted living, and skilled nursing care. Residents can transition between these levels as their needs change over time.

4. Group Homes: These are residential facilities for individuals with developmental disabilities, mental health disorders, or substance abuse issues. They provide a structured living environment with support services to help residents develop daily living skills and integrate into the community.

5. Hospice Care Facilities: These residential facilities specialize in providing end-of-life care and support for individuals with terminal illnesses. The focus is on comfort, pain management, and emotional and spiritual support for both the patient and their family members.

It's important to note that definitions and regulations regarding residential facilities may vary depending on the country, state, or region.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Greece" is not a medical term or concept. Greece is a country located in southeastern Europe, known for its rich history, culture, and contributions to various fields including philosophy, politics, arts, and sciences. If you have any questions related to medical topics or definitions, I'd be happy to help.

Longitudinal studies are a type of research design where data is collected from the same subjects repeatedly over a period of time, often years or even decades. These studies are used to establish patterns of changes and events over time, and can help researchers identify causal relationships between variables. They are particularly useful in fields such as epidemiology, psychology, and sociology, where the focus is on understanding developmental trends and the long-term effects of various factors on health and behavior.

In medical research, longitudinal studies can be used to track the progression of diseases over time, identify risk factors for certain conditions, and evaluate the effectiveness of treatments or interventions. For example, a longitudinal study might follow a group of individuals over several decades to assess their exposure to certain environmental factors and their subsequent development of chronic diseases such as cancer or heart disease. By comparing data collected at multiple time points, researchers can identify trends and correlations that may not be apparent in shorter-term studies.

Longitudinal studies have several advantages over other research designs, including their ability to establish temporal relationships between variables, track changes over time, and reduce the impact of confounding factors. However, they also have some limitations, such as the potential for attrition (loss of participants over time), which can introduce bias and affect the validity of the results. Additionally, longitudinal studies can be expensive and time-consuming to conduct, requiring significant resources and a long-term commitment from both researchers and study participants.

Professional competence, in the context of medicine, refers to the possession of the necessary skills, knowledge, and behaviors required for the provision of high-quality healthcare services. It involves the ability to apply medical knowledge and clinical skills effectively in practice, make informed and evidence-based decisions, communicate clearly and effectively with patients and colleagues, demonstrate professionalism and ethical behavior, and engage in continuous learning and improvement.

Professional competence is evaluated through various means, including assessments of clinical skills, knowledge tests, patient feedback, and peer reviews. It is an ongoing process that requires healthcare professionals to continually update their knowledge and skills, adapt to changes in medical practice, and strive for excellence in patient care. Maintaining professional competence is essential for ensuring the safety and quality of healthcare services and is a key component of medical regulation and licensure.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "teaching" is a general term that refers to the act of imparting knowledge or skills to others and is not a medical term. However, in the context of medical education, teaching refers to the instruction and training of medical students, residents, fellows, and other healthcare professionals to develop their knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary for providing high-quality patient care. This can take place in various settings such as classrooms, clinical wards, simulation centers, or online platforms, and can involve a range of teaching methods including lectures, small group discussions, bedside teaching, case-based learning, and hands-on training.

In the context of medicine, the term "ownership" is not typically used as a formal medical definition. However, it may be used informally to refer to the responsibility and authority that a healthcare provider has in managing a patient's care. For example, a physician may say that they "take ownership" of a patient's care, meaning that they will oversee and coordinate all aspects of the patient's medical treatment. Additionally, in medical research or clinical trials, "data ownership" refers to who has the rights to access, use, and share the data collected during the study.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Switzerland" is not a medical term or concept. Switzerland is a country in Europe, known officially as the Swiss Confederation. If you have any questions about medical terminology or concepts, I'd be happy to try and help answer those for you!

Safety management is a systematic and organized approach to managing health and safety in the workplace. It involves the development, implementation, and monitoring of policies, procedures, and practices with the aim of preventing accidents, injuries, and occupational illnesses. Safety management includes identifying hazards, assessing risks, setting objectives and targets for improving safety performance, implementing controls, and evaluating the effectiveness of those controls. The goal of safety management is to create a safe and healthy work environment that protects workers, visitors, and others who may be affected by workplace activities. It is an integral part of an organization's overall management system and requires the active involvement and commitment of managers, supervisors, and employees at all levels.

Treatment outcome is a term used to describe the result or effect of medical treatment on a patient's health status. It can be measured in various ways, such as through symptoms improvement, disease remission, reduced disability, improved quality of life, or survival rates. The treatment outcome helps healthcare providers evaluate the effectiveness of a particular treatment plan and make informed decisions about future care. It is also used in clinical research to compare the efficacy of different treatments and improve patient care.

"Age factors" refer to the effects, changes, or differences that age can have on various aspects of health, disease, and medical care. These factors can encompass a wide range of issues, including:

1. Physiological changes: As people age, their bodies undergo numerous physical changes that can affect how they respond to medications, illnesses, and medical procedures. For example, older adults may be more sensitive to certain drugs or have weaker immune systems, making them more susceptible to infections.
2. Chronic conditions: Age is a significant risk factor for many chronic diseases, such as heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and arthritis. As a result, age-related medical issues are common and can impact treatment decisions and outcomes.
3. Cognitive decline: Aging can also lead to cognitive changes, including memory loss and decreased decision-making abilities. These changes can affect a person's ability to understand and comply with medical instructions, leading to potential complications in their care.
4. Functional limitations: Older adults may experience physical limitations that impact their mobility, strength, and balance, increasing the risk of falls and other injuries. These limitations can also make it more challenging for them to perform daily activities, such as bathing, dressing, or cooking.
5. Social determinants: Age-related factors, such as social isolation, poverty, and lack of access to transportation, can impact a person's ability to obtain necessary medical care and affect their overall health outcomes.

Understanding age factors is critical for healthcare providers to deliver high-quality, patient-centered care that addresses the unique needs and challenges of older adults. By taking these factors into account, healthcare providers can develop personalized treatment plans that consider a person's age, physical condition, cognitive abilities, and social circumstances.

Hospital-patient relations refer to the interactions and dynamics between healthcare providers, including hospital staff, and patients in a hospital setting. This encompasses various aspects such as communication, trust, informed consent, patient satisfaction, and quality of care. It involves respecting patients' rights, providing them with understandable information about their health status and treatment options, addressing their concerns and questions, and fostering an environment that promotes healing and recovery. Positive hospital-patient relations can contribute to better patient outcomes, increased patient compliance, and overall higher levels of patient satisfaction.

Psychological tests are standardized procedures or measures used to assess various aspects of an individual's cognitive functioning, personality traits, emotional status, and behavior. These tests are designed to be reliable and valid tools for evaluating specific psychological constructs such as intelligence, memory, attention, achievement, aptitude, interests, and values. They can be in the form of questionnaires, interviews, observational scales, or performance-based tasks. The results obtained from these tests help mental health professionals make informed decisions about diagnosis, treatment planning, and educational or vocational guidance for their clients. It is important to note that psychological tests should only be administered, scored, and interpreted by trained and qualified professionals to ensure accurate and meaningful results.

Socioeconomic factors are a range of interconnected conditions and influences that affect the opportunities and resources a person or group has to maintain and improve their health and well-being. These factors include:

1. Economic stability: This includes employment status, job security, income level, and poverty status. Lower income and lack of employment are associated with poorer health outcomes.
2. Education: Higher levels of education are generally associated with better health outcomes. Education can affect a person's ability to access and understand health information, as well as their ability to navigate the healthcare system.
3. Social and community context: This includes factors such as social support networks, discrimination, and community safety. Strong social supports and positive community connections are associated with better health outcomes, while discrimination and lack of safety can negatively impact health.
4. Healthcare access and quality: Access to affordable, high-quality healthcare is an important socioeconomic factor that can significantly impact a person's health. Factors such as insurance status, availability of providers, and cultural competency of healthcare systems can all affect healthcare access and quality.
5. Neighborhood and built environment: The physical conditions in which people live, work, and play can also impact their health. Factors such as housing quality, transportation options, availability of healthy foods, and exposure to environmental hazards can all influence health outcomes.

Socioeconomic factors are often interrelated and can have a cumulative effect on health outcomes. For example, someone who lives in a low-income neighborhood with limited access to healthy foods and safe parks may also face challenges related to employment, education, and healthcare access that further impact their health. Addressing socioeconomic factors is an important part of promoting health equity and reducing health disparities.

A Physical Therapy Specialty refers to an area of practice within the field of physical therapy that requires advanced knowledge, skills, and experience beyond the entry-level degree. The American Board of Physical Therapy Specialties (ABPTS) recognizes nine specialty areas: Cardiovascular and Pulmonary, Clinical Electrophysiology, Geriatrics, Neurology, Oncology, Orthopaedics, Pediatrics, Sports, and Women's Health.

To become a board-certified specialist in one of these areas, physical therapists must meet specific education, practice, and examination requirements established by the ABPTS. Specialty certification is valid for ten years, after which specialists must recertify to maintain their credential. Board certification in a specialty area demonstrates a commitment to excellence and expertise in providing high-quality patient care within that specialized area of practice.

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) is a statistical technique used to compare the means of two or more groups and determine whether there are any significant differences between them. It is a way to analyze the variance in a dataset to determine whether the variability between groups is greater than the variability within groups, which can indicate that the groups are significantly different from one another.

ANOVA is based on the concept of partitioning the total variance in a dataset into two components: variance due to differences between group means (also known as "between-group variance") and variance due to differences within each group (also known as "within-group variance"). By comparing these two sources of variance, ANOVA can help researchers determine whether any observed differences between groups are statistically significant, or whether they could have occurred by chance.

ANOVA is a widely used technique in many areas of research, including biology, psychology, engineering, and business. It is often used to compare the means of two or more experimental groups, such as a treatment group and a control group, to determine whether the treatment had a significant effect. ANOVA can also be used to compare the means of different populations or subgroups within a population, to identify any differences that may exist between them.

Anxiety: A feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease, typically about an imminent event or something with an uncertain outcome. In a medical context, anxiety refers to a mental health disorder characterized by feelings of excessive and persistent worry, fear, or panic that interfere with daily activities. It can also be a symptom of other medical conditions, such as heart disease, diabetes, or substance abuse disorders. Anxiety disorders include generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and phobias.

A "Professional Role" in the context of medicine typically refers to the specific duties, responsibilities, and expectations associated with a particular healthcare position. It encompasses the legal, ethical, and clinical aspects of the job, and is shaped by education, training, and professional standards. Examples include roles such as a physician, nurse, pharmacist, or therapist, each with their own distinct set of professional responsibilities and obligations to patients, colleagues, and society.

In the field of medicine, "time factors" refer to the duration of symptoms or time elapsed since the onset of a medical condition, which can have significant implications for diagnosis and treatment. Understanding time factors is crucial in determining the progression of a disease, evaluating the effectiveness of treatments, and making critical decisions regarding patient care.

For example, in stroke management, "time is brain," meaning that rapid intervention within a specific time frame (usually within 4.5 hours) is essential to administering tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), a clot-busting drug that can minimize brain damage and improve patient outcomes. Similarly, in trauma care, the "golden hour" concept emphasizes the importance of providing definitive care within the first 60 minutes after injury to increase survival rates and reduce morbidity.

Time factors also play a role in monitoring the progression of chronic conditions like diabetes or heart disease, where regular follow-ups and assessments help determine appropriate treatment adjustments and prevent complications. In infectious diseases, time factors are crucial for initiating antibiotic therapy and identifying potential outbreaks to control their spread.

Overall, "time factors" encompass the significance of recognizing and acting promptly in various medical scenarios to optimize patient outcomes and provide effective care.

I couldn't find a medical definition specifically for "diagnostic self-evaluation." However, I can provide you with the definitions of its individual components.

Diagnostic: Pertaining to the identification of the nature and cause of a disease or other condition, or the distinguishing of one disease or condition from another.

Self-evaluation: The process of critically assessing or appraising one's own performance, abilities, or skills.

Therefore, diagnostic self-evaluation can be understood as the process of a healthcare professional critically assessing their own ability to accurately diagnose medical conditions. This may involve reflecting on past diagnoses, identifying areas for improvement, and seeking feedback from peers or supervisors to enhance diagnostic accuracy and skills.

Continuing medical education (CME) refers to the process of ongoing learning and professional development that healthcare professionals engage in throughout their careers. The goal of CME is to enhance knowledge, skills, and performance in order to provide better patient care and improve health outcomes.

CME activities may include a variety of formats such as conferences, seminars, workshops, online courses, journal clubs, and self-study programs. These activities are designed to address specific learning needs and objectives related to clinical practice, research, or healthcare management.

Healthcare professionals are required to complete a certain number of CME credits on a regular basis in order to maintain their licensure, certification, or membership in professional organizations. The content and quality of CME activities are typically overseen by accreditation bodies such as the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) in the United States.

Overall, continuing medical education is an essential component of maintaining competence and staying up-to-date with the latest developments in healthcare.

Nonparametric statistics is a branch of statistics that does not rely on assumptions about the distribution of variables in the population from which the sample is drawn. In contrast to parametric methods, nonparametric techniques make fewer assumptions about the data and are therefore more flexible in their application. Nonparametric tests are often used when the data do not meet the assumptions required for parametric tests, such as normality or equal variances.

Nonparametric statistical methods include tests such as the Wilcoxon rank-sum test (also known as the Mann-Whitney U test) for comparing two independent groups, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for comparing two related groups, and the Kruskal-Wallis test for comparing more than two independent groups. These tests use the ranks of the data rather than the actual values to make comparisons, which allows them to be used with ordinal or continuous data that do not meet the assumptions of parametric tests.

Overall, nonparametric statistics provide a useful set of tools for analyzing data in situations where the assumptions of parametric methods are not met, and can help researchers draw valid conclusions from their data even when the data are not normally distributed or have other characteristics that violate the assumptions of parametric tests.

Professional-patient relations, also known as physician-patient relationships or doctor-patient relationships, refer to the interactions and communications between healthcare professionals and their patients. It is a critical aspect of healthcare delivery that involves trust, respect, understanding, and collaboration. The American Medical Association (AMA) defines it as "a ethical relationship in which a physician, by virtue of knowledge and skills, provides medical services to a patient in need."

Professional-patient relations encompass various elements, including:

1. Informed Consent: Healthcare professionals must provide patients with adequate information about their medical condition, treatment options, benefits, risks, and alternatives to enable them to make informed decisions about their healthcare.
2. Confidentiality: Healthcare professionals must respect patients' privacy and maintain the confidentiality of their medical information, except in specific circumstances where disclosure is required by law or necessary for patient safety.
3. Communication: Healthcare professionals must communicate effectively with patients, listening to their concerns, answering their questions, and providing clear and concise explanations about their medical condition and treatment plan.
4. Empathy and Compassion: Healthcare professionals must demonstrate empathy and compassion towards their patients, recognizing their emotional and psychological needs and providing support and comfort when necessary.
5. Cultural Competence: Healthcare professionals must be aware of and respect cultural differences among their patients, adapting their communication style and treatment approach to meet the unique needs of each patient.
6. Shared Decision-Making: Healthcare professionals and patients should work together to make medical decisions based on the best available evidence, the patient's values and preferences, and the healthcare professional's expertise.
7. Continuity of Care: Healthcare professionals must ensure continuity of care for their patients, coordinating with other healthcare providers and ensuring that patients receive appropriate follow-up care.

Professional-patient relations are essential to achieving positive health outcomes, improving patient satisfaction, and reducing medical errors and adverse events. Healthcare professionals must maintain ethical and professional standards in their interactions with patients, recognizing the power imbalance in the relationship and striving to promote trust, respect, and collaboration.

A hospital is a healthcare facility where patients receive medical treatment, diagnosis, and care for various health conditions, injuries, or diseases. It is typically staffed with medical professionals such as doctors, nurses, and other healthcare workers who provide round-the-clock medical services. Hospitals may offer inpatient (overnight) stays or outpatient (same-day) services, depending on the nature of the treatment required. They are equipped with various medical facilities like operating rooms, diagnostic equipment, intensive care units (ICUs), and emergency departments to handle a wide range of medical situations. Hospitals may specialize in specific areas of medicine, such as pediatrics, geriatrics, oncology, or trauma care.

"Focus groups" is a term from the field of social science research, rather than medicine. It does not have a specific medical definition. However, focus groups are sometimes used in medical research to gather data and insights from a small group of people on a specific topic or product. This can include gathering feedback on patient experiences, testing prototypes of medical devices or treatments, or exploring attitudes and perceptions related to health issues. The goal is to gain a deeper understanding of the perspectives and needs of the target population through facilitated group discussion.

I apologize, but "Canada" is not a medical term or concept. It is a country located in North America, known for its vast wilderness, multicultural cities, and significant natural resources. If you have any questions related to healthcare or medical terms, I would be happy to help answer those!

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "social values" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. However, in a broader social context, "social values" refer to the beliefs, principles, and standards that a group or society holds in regard to what is considered important, desirable, or acceptable. These values can influence attitudes, behaviors, and decisions related to health and healthcare. They may also impact medical research, policy-making, and patient care.

Reproducibility of results in a medical context refers to the ability to obtain consistent and comparable findings when a particular experiment or study is repeated, either by the same researcher or by different researchers, following the same experimental protocol. It is an essential principle in scientific research that helps to ensure the validity and reliability of research findings.

In medical research, reproducibility of results is crucial for establishing the effectiveness and safety of new treatments, interventions, or diagnostic tools. It involves conducting well-designed studies with adequate sample sizes, appropriate statistical analyses, and transparent reporting of methods and findings to allow other researchers to replicate the study and confirm or refute the results.

The lack of reproducibility in medical research has become a significant concern in recent years, as several high-profile studies have failed to produce consistent findings when replicated by other researchers. This has led to increased scrutiny of research practices and a call for greater transparency, rigor, and standardization in the conduct and reporting of medical research.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Turkey" is not a medical term. It is a common name for the country located in Eastern Europe and Western Asia, as well as a type of large bird native to North America that is often eaten as a holiday meal. If you have any questions about medical terminology or health-related topics, I'd be happy to try and help answer them!

Occupational exposure refers to the contact of an individual with potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents as a result of their job or occupation. This can include exposure to hazardous substances such as chemicals, heavy metals, or dusts; physical agents such as noise, radiation, or ergonomic stressors; and biological agents such as viruses, bacteria, or fungi.

Occupational exposure can occur through various routes, including inhalation, skin contact, ingestion, or injection. Prolonged or repeated exposure to these hazards can increase the risk of developing acute or chronic health conditions, such as respiratory diseases, skin disorders, neurological damage, or cancer.

Employers have a legal and ethical responsibility to minimize occupational exposures through the implementation of appropriate control measures, including engineering controls, administrative controls, personal protective equipment, and training programs. Regular monitoring and surveillance of workers' health can also help identify and prevent potential health hazards in the workplace.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Papua New Guinea" is not a medical term or concept. It is the name of a country located in the southwest Pacific Ocean, made up of the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and numerous offshore islands. If you have any questions about medical topics or definitions, I would be happy to help with those!

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Pennsylvania" is not a medical term or concept. It is a state located in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. If you have any questions related to medical topics, I would be happy to help answer those!

I am not aware of a specific medical definition for the term "China." Generally, it is used to refer to:

1. The People's Republic of China (PRC), which is a country in East Asia. It is the most populous country in the world and the fourth largest by geographical area. Its capital city is Beijing.
2. In a historical context, "China" was used to refer to various dynasties and empires that existed in East Asia over thousands of years. The term "Middle Kingdom" or "Zhongguo" (中国) has been used by the Chinese people to refer to their country for centuries.
3. In a more general sense, "China" can also be used to describe products or goods that originate from or are associated with the People's Republic of China.

If you have a specific context in which you encountered the term "China" related to medicine, please provide it so I can give a more accurate response.

Medical Definition:

"Risk factors" are any attribute, characteristic or exposure of an individual that increases the likelihood of developing a disease or injury. They can be divided into modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Modifiable risk factors are those that can be changed through lifestyle choices or medical treatment, while non-modifiable risk factors are inherent traits such as age, gender, or genetic predisposition. Examples of modifiable risk factors include smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diet, while non-modifiable risk factors include age, sex, and family history. It is important to note that having a risk factor does not guarantee that a person will develop the disease, but rather indicates an increased susceptibility.

Cognitive job satisfaction is a more objective and logical evaluation of various facets of a job. Cognitive job satisfaction ... Job satisfaction, employee satisfaction or work satisfaction is a measure of workers' contentment with their job, whether they ... One study noted that because job satisfaction is specific to one's job, the research that examined job satisfaction had not ... affective job satisfaction). or cognitions about the job (cognitive job satisfaction). One of the most widely used definitions ...
in 1977 was about job and leisure satisfaction contributing to quality of life (QOL). QOL was determined by asking the ... London, Manuel; Crandall, Rick; Seals, Gary W. (1977). "The contribution of job and leisure satisfaction to quality of life". ... In a study by Hribernik and Mussap, leisure satisfaction was found to predict unique variance in life satisfaction, supporting ... The relationship between leisure satisfaction and life satisfaction, however, was reduced when considering the impact of core ...
Another critical factor influencing patient satisfaction is the job satisfaction experienced by the care-provider. In the ... patient satisfaction is a performance indicator measured in a self-report study and a specific type of customer satisfaction ... Patient satisfaction is a measure of the extent to which a patient is content with the health care which they received from ... Patients' satisfaction with an encounter with health care service is mainly dependent on the duration and efficiency of care, ...
... including job satisfaction, organizational commitment, job involvement and emotional labor. Job satisfaction reflects the ... increased job satisfaction, lower levels of stress and job withdrawal, higher levels of creativity and innovation, as well as ... Job involvement is the extent to which an individual identifies with their job and considers it a material component of their ... Balzer, W. K. & Gillespie, J. Z. (2007). Job satisfaction. In Rogelberg, S. G. (Ed.). Encyclopedia of industrial and ...
Job Satisfaction; surveys of the C-Suite's top priorities for the year ahead; trends in CEO succession and boardroom diversity ... "Online job ads index rises in August". www2.staffingindustry.com. Retrieved 2020-09-22. Weber, Lauren (2019-08-29). "Younger ...
Job Satisfaction • Related Public Policy J29 Other J3 Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs J30 General J31 Wage Level and ... and Job Search J65 Unemployment Insurance • Severance Pay • Plant Closings J68 Public Policy J69 Other J7 Labor Discrimination ... Immigrant Workers J62 Job, Occupational, and Intergenerational Mobility J63 Turnover • Vacancies • Layoffs J64 Unemployment: ...
2011) performed research on job satisfaction in workers cooperatives, and said that job satisfaction is high in workers ... They also found that the majority of individual respondents described their job security, job satisfaction, work effort, and ... job satisfaction is a significant predictor of happiness, meaning that the satisfaction at work translates to a happier life. ... Job satisfaction, which is one of the main factors of personal development, corresponds to one's attitude about work and the ...
"Job Satisfaction Survey". The Press Enterprise. 28 July 2016. Retrieved 31 August 2016. "LINE Report". Career Cast. 22 February ... Among its products are the annual Employee Benefits Survey and Employee Job Satisfaction and Engagement Survey and the monthly ... According to the report, 20% of employees left their jobs between 2014 and 2019 because of toxic workplace cultures. Partly to ... "US workers have lost trillions from job losses, pay cuts". HR Dive. Retrieved 2020-06-11. "Toxic cultures have cost US ...
... including job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and intent to quit. Among which, job satisfaction is the attitude most ... "Person-environment fit and job satisfaction". In Cranny, C. J.; Smith, P. C.; Stone, E. F. (eds.). Job satisfaction. New York: ... doi:10.1016/0030-5073(69)90013-0. Locke, Edwin A. (1976). "The nature and causes of job satisfaction". In Dunnette, M. (ed.). ... Person-job fit, or P-J fit, refers to the compatibility between a person's characteristics and those of a specific job. The ...
... job satisfaction] (in Danish). "Sygehusvæsnet" [The hospital system] (in Danish). "Forældre og unge" [Parents and young people ...
... is positively linked to job satisfaction, individual job performance, and group performance. The popular worker, ... Worker popularity and job satisfaction. Personnel Psychology, 4, 405-412. Porter, L. W., & Ghiselli, E. E. (1960). A self- ... For example, some jobs, such as salesperson, benefit from attractiveness when it comes down to the bottom line, but there have ... Cohesive members see leaders as taking a bulk of the work and investing a lot of personal time, so when they see a job's value ...
These include higher job satisfaction, better job performance, greater organizational commitment, and reduction in occupational ... Employee motivation Industrial and organizational psychology Induction programme Job Shadowing Job performance Job satisfaction ... Not only does role clarity imply greater productivity, but it has also been linked to both job satisfaction and organizational ... Research has consistently shown that doing so produces valuable outcomes such as high job satisfaction (the extent to which one ...
It impacts how employees feel about their work, their level of determination, commitment, and overall job satisfaction. It also ... They are responsible for job satisfaction as well as increased commitment and creativity. This theory implies, for example, ... Spector, Paul E. (27 February 2022). Job Satisfaction: From Assessment to Intervention. Routledge. p. 109. ISBN 978-1-000-53934 ... Others aim to make changes to the design of the job itself. For example, overly simplified and segmented jobs tend to result in ...
Job Embeddedness Model Adaptive performance Employee retention Job satisfaction Realistic job preview Trip, R. (n.d.). Turnover ... Path-specific job satisfaction effects and the importance of unsolicited job offers". Academy of Management Journal. 51 (4): ... Positive attitudes: job satisfaction, organizational commitment. Social capital gain: the newly arrived employee increases his ... Carsten, J. M.; Spector, P. E. (1987). "Unemployment, job satisfaction, and employee turnover: A meta-analytic test of the ...
Korkki, Phyllis (September 11, 2010). "Job Satisfaction vs. a Big Paycheck". The New York Times. Retrieved October 25, 2012. " ... Lore, Nicholas, The Pathfinder, How to Choose or Change Your Career for a Lifetime of Satisfaction and Success. p. 4, Simon & ... on extrinsic rewards such as high salary and prestige and unnecessarily sacrifice intrinsic values such as job satisfaction. He ... Lore, Nicholas (1998). The Pathfinder: How to Choose or Change Your Career for a Lifetime of Satisfaction and Success. ...
Wilks, J (1995). "Job satisfaction in Queensland scuba instructors". South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society Journal. 25 (1 ... In 1995, a study conducted on Queensland, Australia diving instructors showed that positive job satisfaction correlated with ... rather than on site and on the job. Environmental conditions for training should include exercises in conditions as close as ... intention to remain in the dive industry and still active in their present job for the next 12 months. The same study also ...
Ang, J. and Soh, P. H. "User information satisfaction, job satisfaction and computer background: An exploratory study", ... Ang, J. and Koh, S. "Exploring the relationships between user information satisfaction and job satisfaction", International ... Computer user satisfaction (and closely related concepts such as system satisfaction, user satisfaction, computer system ... In the literature there are two definitions for user satisfaction, 'User satisfaction' and 'User Information Satisfaction' are ...
Salary, interest in work, and fulfillment in a job are important predictors of job satisfaction. In a Polish study, job burnout ... Gupta N (2013). "Predictors of job satisfaction among physiotherapy professionals". Indian Journal of Physiotherapy and ... Beattie PF, Pinto MB, Nelson MK, Nelson R (June 2002). "Patient satisfaction with outpatient physical therapy: instrument ... A study from 2013 states that 56.4% of physical therapists were globally satisfied with their jobs. ...
"Social workers report higher job satisfaction levels". Community Care. 29 August 2007. Retrieved 27 June 2015. "Future of ... "Black Country care home plan to create 50 new jobs". Express and Star. 14 November 2014. Retrieved 27 June 2015. "Celebrations ...
Will Buckley (10 February 2008). "'I get no satisfaction from my job. It's a madness. You do it for the challenge'". The ... Marley stood down as Everton manager in October 2012, to focus on her job at the Football Association (FA). In September 2017, ...
Job satisfaction is often thought to reflect the extent to which a worker likes his or her job, or individual aspects or facets ... Job satisfaction has theoretical and practical utility for the field. It has been linked to important job outcomes including ... Job characteristic theory identifies core job dimensions that affect motivation, satisfaction, performance, etc. These ... A meta-analyses found job satisfaction to be related to life satisfaction, happiness, positive affect, and the absence of ...
Job Satisfaction and Industrial Democracy. Confesor was the first Filipino and Asian woman to serve as Chairperson of the ...
Roy, Donald F. (1959). "Banana Time: Job Satisfaction and Informal Interaction". Human Organization. 18 (4): 158-168. doi: ... Roy's work surveys much of blue-collar America (beginning in 1934 he took employment in around 24 "bottom rung" jobs in 20 ...
The main job satisfaction scales are: The Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS), The Job Descriptive Index (JDI) and The Minnesota ... The Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS) assesses nine facets of job satisfaction, as well as overall satisfaction. The facets include ... Also, person-job fit, the matching between personal abilities and job demand, has important effects on job satisfaction. ... There are also surveys created to assess the job satisfaction level of employees. Job satisfaction is a different concept from ...
"Cultural heritage and job satisfaction in Eastern and Western Europe." International Journal of Manpower 29, no. 7 (2008): 630- ... "Culture, participative decision making and job satisfaction." The International Journal of Human Resource Management 23, no. 13 ...
Reported Job Satisfaction : What Does it Mean?, with Claude Montmarquette, Journal of Socio-Economics 33 (2004), 135-151. ... Job Satisfaction and Quits, with Claude Montmarquette and Véronique Simonnet, Labour Economics 14 (2007), 251-268. The ...
"Job satisfaction and nurses in rural Australia." Journal of Nursing Administration 30, no. 7/8 (2000): 347-350. Hegney, Desley ...
Nelson, P., & Gongwer, J. (2000). Proposals to increase teaching effectiveness and job satisfaction. KOTESOL Proceedings (PAC2 ... Thorkelson, Tory S. (2016). Language teaching organizations and professional job satisfaction. Korea TESOL Journal 12(1), 67- ... doi:10.1007/978-3-030-00967-0_20 Bolen, Jackie (2015). How to Get a University Job in South Korea. CreateSpace. pp. 21, others ...
Lower health, life satisfaction and job satisfaction. However, non-preterms who reported long hospital stays at birth showed ...
Satisfaction-engagement approach, in which engagement is a more technical version of job satisfaction, evidenced by The Gallup ... job satisfaction) measure. The multidimensional approach, in which a clear distinction is maintained between job and ... job satisfaction' and employee engagement with the definition: "an employee's involvement with, commitment to, and satisfaction ... Job satisfaction is also linked to productivity. Frequently overlooked are employees' unique personalities, needs, motives, ...
... factors in the workplace can also be ascertained from a climate or pulse check survey designed to assess employee satisfaction ...
Cognitive job satisfaction is a more objective and logical evaluation of various facets of a job. Cognitive job satisfaction ... Job satisfaction, employee satisfaction or work satisfaction is a measure of workers contentment with their job, whether they ... One study noted that because job satisfaction is specific to ones job, the research that examined job satisfaction had not ... affective job satisfaction). or cognitions about the job (cognitive job satisfaction). One of the most widely used definitions ...
"What Chinese Workers Value: An Analysis of Job Satisfaction, Job Expectations, and Labour Turnover in China," Prague Economic ... "What Chinese Workers Value: An Analysis of Job Satisfaction, Job Expectations, and Labor Turnover in China," IZA Discussion ... "Does Job Satisfaction Improve The Health Of Workers? New Evidence Using Panel Data And Objective Measures Of Health," SSE/EFI ... "Does job satisfaction improve the health of workers? New evidence using panel data and objective measures of health," Health ...
... it is possible for you and your employees to be happy on the job. The key is in how you handle two factors: motivation and ... Job Satisfaction: Application, Assessment, Causes and Consequences. P.E. Spector. Thousand Oaks, Calif: SAGE Publications; 1997 ... But few practices (in fact, few organizations) have made job satisfaction a top priority, perhaps because they have failed to ... To evaluate your practices performance in the area of job satisfaction and to identify where you might focus your efforts, ...
... Female employees less satisfied, job switchers happiest ... job satisfaction registered its second-lowest score in a decade. MetLife also found that employees satisfaction with their ... shows that overall job satisfaction among U.S. workers-particularly those who recently changed jobs-hit its highest levels on ... Caitlin Duffy, director in the Gartner HR practice, said shes not surprised that job satisfaction has increased over the past ...
Job satisfaction has shown a surprise increase during the autumn according to the CIPDs latest quarterly employee outlook ... Job satisfaction has shown a surprise increase during the autumn according to the CIPDs latest quarterly employee outlook ... Employee satisfaction rises despite job insecurity. by John Eccleston 29 Nov 2010. ... Willmott continues: "Past findings suggest that the rise in job satisfaction could be a temporary one - particularly for public ...
Burnout, job satisfaction, and stress levels of PAs * Physician assistant burnout, job satisfaction, and career flexibility in ... Job satisfaction and career plans. Consistent with previous studies of healthcare professionals, job satisfaction was measured ... Job satisfaction. The unadjusted relationships between personal and professional characteristics and job dissatisfaction are ... PA job satisfaction and career plans : JAAPA. You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. ...
If there is one thing that we all share in this life, it is recurring moments of drudgery. As universal as drudgery is, our tolerance for it varies. Sometimes we might actually look forward to it. And, if things arent going right, the annoying processing of detail can help us to shed some light on what is […]. Career Skills, Learning Skills, Problem Solving, Stress, Uncategorized ...
Campus Technology is relaunching its Higher Education IT Salary and Job Satisfaction Survey. To date, thousands of IT ... Campus Technology is relaunching its Higher Education IT Salary and Job Satisfaction Survey. To date, thousands of IT ... Call for Participation: IT Salary and Job Satisfaction Survey. *By David Nagel ... Pearson and Forage Team Up to Bring Job Simulations to College Students. Free AI Teaching Assistant and AI Tutor Powered by ...
Job Satisfaction. Technology professionals in education are, for the most part, quite satisfied with their jobs. About 84 ... Salaries are up for the most part; job satisfaction is high; and the outlook for the future is positive - these according to ... 2018 K-12 IT Salary & Job Satisfaction Survey. With only three exceptions, salaries are up across the board for technology ... Overall, more than three-quarters (77 percent) are satisfied or very satisfied in their jobs (fig. 9, click to enlarge), with ...
Ana Aleksić Mirić and others published Managing Corporate Events and Job Satisfaction Among Young Professionals , Find, read ... Job satisfaction. Nature of work. Among the factors of job satisfaction researched, job itself occupies the top position for ... We examined the job satisfaction scale. using Spectors job satisfaction instrument (Spector, 1997). According to Spector, the ... relationship was found between job and life satisfaction. While job satisfaction differentiated only in terms of age and income ...
Epicurus: Societal and economic effects on quality of life and well-being: preference identification and priority setting in response to changes in labour market status A project supported by the European Commission through the Fifth Framework Programme Improving Human Potential (contract number: HPSE-CT-2002-00143).
JOB SATISFACTION - Epilogue. Angst ahoy. Simon and Kaylee need to talk. JOB SATISFACTION - Chapter Ten. Things have to end, one ... Job Satisfaction A/N: Only one chapter left after this, and an epilogue. Thanks for all the comments, its nice to see the same ... JOB SATISFACTION - Chapter Seven. Kaylee is in Regan Tams clutches, but all is not as it seems. River decides to clean up ... JOB SATISFACTION - Chapter Two. The crew decide to hide while figuring out their next move. Sun, sea and sand … all Kaylee is ...
Here is why variety is the key to job satisfaction and how you can make sure it is always part of a day at work. ... Variety ought to have a place in every aspect of your business, it is the key to job satisfaction. Better productivity, happier ... Variety has proven to be the key to job satisfaction A recent University of Leicester study confirmed what many entrepreneurs ... Variety: The Key to Job Satisfaction. Among the many reasons why people start their own businesses, the search for more ...
Associates assess their own firms on a range of workplace issues related to career development, job satisfaction, and quality ...
Job satisfaction is increasing. In fact, its at a peak in 36 years, and almost 20 points higher than its lowest levels in 2010 ... Job Satisfaction Is Rising: Whats Behind the Surprising Trend. From: Forbes Job Satisfaction Is Rising: Whats Behind the ... Job Satisfaction Is Rising: Whats Behind the Surprising Trend. APS regularly opens certain online articles for discussion on ... Why Job Satisfaction is So Important. The data comes from a poll by The Conference Board which reported 62% of people are ...
Overall job satisfaction and job stress. The proportions of respondents who indicated high levels of overall job satisfaction ... In relation to the various aspects of job satisfaction, in the overall sample a global rating of high job satisfaction was most ... Cancer care workers in Ontario: prevalence of burnout, job stress and job satisfaction. Eva Grunfeld, Timothy J. Whelan, Louise ... job stress and job satisfaction. Eva Grunfeld, Timothy J. Whelan, Louise Zitzelsberger, Andrew R. Willan, Barbara Montesanto, ...
... is a questionnaire used to evaluate nine dimensions of job satisfaction related to overall satisfaction. ... Home Directory of Survey Instruments Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS) Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS). The Job Satisfaction Survey ( ... Spector, P. E. (1986). Assessing employee job satisfaction with the job satisfaction survey. Mental Retardation Systems, 3, 5- ... Schmidt, W. Steven (2004). Relationship Between Satisfaction with on-the-job training and overall job satisfaction. Indiana ...
How are job satisfaction and firm value linked? I tackle this long-standing management question using a new methodology from ... How are job satisfaction and firm value linked? I tackle this long-standing management question using a new methodology from ... The Link Between Job Satisfaction and Firm Value, with Implications for Corporate Social Responsibility. Academy of Management ... Edmans, Alex, The Link Between Job Satisfaction and Firm Value, with Implications for Corporate Social Responsibility (August ...
... important clues for improving interdisciplinary collaboration and ensuring quality patient care through good job satisfaction ... Job satisfaction and perceptions of quality of patient care, collaboration and teamwork in acute care hospitals J Adv Nurs. ... Aim: This paper is a report of a study conducted to compare levels of job satisfaction and perceptions of the quality of ... Background: Positive inter-professional relationships improve quality of patient care and staff job satisfaction. Understanding ...
When nurses enjoy their jobs and intend to stay in their positions long term, it can translate to improved patient outcomes, ... Job Satisfaction for Nurses Helps Enhance Patient Outcomes When nurses enjoy their jobs and intend to stay in their positions ... "For example, during a two-year time span, our RN survey data revealed that a 25 percent increase in job enjoyment, and a 29 ... "NDNQIâ„¢ data show that positive patient outcomes are strongly tied to nurse satisfaction," says Marla J. Weston, PhD, RN, FAAN, ...
... ... Workplace experts say having healthy relationships with co-workers can increase job satisfaction and help boost morale in the ... "Getting the job done is critical, but if youre really going to move and have options in your career, its about the ... "The more you feel support from an organization, the better job you will do," said Michael Kahn, a personal coach and ...
Dantzkers job satisfaction instrument was designed to capture information on four factors: general administration, extras, job ... The purpose of this study was to examine the validity of the four-factor structure from a job satisfaction instrument. ... The purpose of this study was to examine the validity of the four-factor structure from a job satisfaction instrument. ... factor analysis via structural equation modeling to validate that the four factors are actually capturing job satisfaction. The ...
Do your Airmen like their jobs? If you answered no, why? How you answer those questions can say a lot about your organization. ... Money is a prime motivator to work, but job satisfaction requires much more. It requires a job that creates belongingness, ... American psychologist Frederick Herzberg found that job dissatisfaction and job satisfaction are not related. The factors that ... but you will not create satisfaction and motivation by focusing all of your attention there. People find true job satisfaction ...
This entry was posted in Job Satisfaction and tagged DiSC Model, Job Satisfaction on 10/16/2014. by Steve Giles. DiSC® ... Measuring Job Satisfaction. In most cases, job satisfaction is measured through the process of self-reporting. This is done ... Job Satisfaction on 06/05/2014. by Steve Giles. The Link Between Employee Retention And Job Satisfaction Leave a reply ... Job Satisfaction and tagged DiSC Profile, Employee Retention, Job Satisfaction on 02/18/2014. by Steve Giles. Using The DiSC® ...
The Role of Knowledge Management on Job Satisfaction: A Systematic Framework: 10.4018/978-1-4666-4940-8.ch006: This chapter ... introduces the framework and causal model of organizational culture, organizational learning, knowledge management, and job ... the relationships between organizational culture and job satisfaction and between organizational learning and job satisfaction ... "The Role of Knowledge Management on Job Satisfaction: A Systematic Framework." Advances in Secure Computing, Internet Services ...
Job Satisfaction and Employee Turnover: A Firm-Level Perspective. Anders Frederiksen (. ) No 9296, IZA Discussion Papers from ... Keywords: cooperation; job satisfaction; quits; retention (search for similar items in EconPapers). JEL-codes: M5 (search for ... Working Paper: Job Satisfaction and Employee Turnover: A Firm-level Perspective (2015) This item may be available elsewhere in ... Using a unique combination of firm-level data and information from job satisfaction surveys, the empirical analysis reveals ...
Employees Job Satisfaction Improved And Productivity Increased By 13% When Working At Home. Jan 27, 2015 11:06 AM. By ... Compared to office workers, work-from-home employees show increases in performance, productivity, and overall job satisfaction ... while their job satisfaction also substantially improved. However, following the experiment, the participants made some ... Although happiness may vary between people based on personal experiences, the researchers found that life satisfaction - one of ...
Trucking Jobs in 30 seconds. Every month 400 people find a job with the help of TruckersReport. ... Trucking Jobs in 30 seconds. Every month 400 people find a job with the help of TruckersReport. ... 3. agree to receive email marketing from TruckersReport and its Truck Driving Job Partners. By checking this box and clicking ... 3. agree to receive email marketing from TruckersReport and its Truck Driving Job Partners. By checking this box and clicking ...
Nursing Career Satisfaction vs. Job Satisfaction After all the sacrifices and hard work, are you still happy with your choice ... Older nurses were more likely to think about resigning or changing jobs. Male nurses were more likely than females to plan on ... The report also found that satisfaction levels vary between age groups.. Nurse Survey Results. Marcia Faller, PhD, RN, chief ... But a much smaller percentage of nurses are satisfied with their actual jobs, according to the latest Survey of Registered ...
  • 1 , 2 Close to 68% of family physicians and 73% of general internists report job dissatisfaction. (annfammed.org)
  • Prior authorization has been shown to have a negative impact on job satisfaction for healthcare providers, as the administrative burden can lead to feelings of frustration, dissatisfaction, and disillusionment. (solidsmack.com)
  • The administrative burden of prior authorization can take away from the time healthcare providers can spend on patient care, leading to feelings of disconnection from their work and dissatisfaction with their jobs. (solidsmack.com)
  • Palestinian nurses face many challenges in their daily work due to decreased chances of job advancement and emotional exhaustion which may lead to job dissatisfaction. (who.int)
  • Health care administrators and policy-makers have a responsibility to find solutions to problems that cause job dissatisfaction and burnout among nurses to ensure the delivery of quality health care services. (who.int)
  • Consequently, the stressful nature of nursing can ultimately lead to job dissatisfaction and burnout [2-7]. (who.int)
  • We investigated the association between structural capabilities and primary care NP job outcomes (ie, burnout , job dissatisfaction, and intent to leave). (bvsalud.org)
  • Primary care NPs report lower burnout , job dissatisfaction, and intent to leave when working in practices with greater structural capabilities for care delivery. (bvsalud.org)
  • The study attempts to analyze what indicators were contributing to job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction among the teaching community of (self-financed courses) in aided and self-financed colleges in Kanyakumari district. (ukessays.com)
  • In total, nearly 60% of respondents said they were considering leaving their jobs, up from about 52% the year before. (govexec.com)
  • Despite long work hours and other frustrations, the majority of respondents - 41% (645) call themselves satisfied and nearly 12% (186) are extremely satisfied with their jobs. (chemicalprocessing.com)
  • Respondents reported moderate levels of job satisfaction and moderate burnout. (who.int)
  • In addition, current status, marital status, age and salary appear to have significant impact on the respondents' level of job satisfaction. (ccsenet.org)
  • In multivariate models, a positive ethical climate and job satisfaction protected against respondents' intentions to leave as did perceptions of adequate or extensive institutional support for dealing with ethical issues. (nih.gov)
  • Results showed that respondents with high level of job satisfaction were more likely to experience high level of family functioning. (thescipub.com)
  • Additional ideas for improving various factors in the workplace can also be ascertained from a climate or pulse check survey designed to assess employee satisfaction and identify favorable and unfavorable dimensions of the work environment. (cdc.gov)
  • This study aimed to assess the degree of satisfaction of 233 Saudi female nurses with their work and to study the factors that might increase their satisfaction. (who.int)
  • Job satisfaction, employee satisfaction or work satisfaction is a measure of workers' contentment with their job, whether they like the job or individual aspects or facets of jobs, such as nature of work or supervision. (wikipedia.org)
  • Job satisfaction can also be seen within the broader context of the range of issues which affect an individual's experience of work, or their quality of working life. (wikipedia.org)
  • Job satisfaction can be understood in terms of its relationships with other key factors, such as general well-being, stress at work, control at work, home-work interface, and working conditions. (wikipedia.org)
  • When asked about what initially attracted public employees to their jobs, the survey found job security, work satisfaction and retirement benefits listed as the top factors. (govexec.com)
  • For employees under 40, work-life balance, a good supervisor and potential for career advancement were given as the top reasons for taking jobs in the public sector. (govexec.com)
  • Inequality at Work: The Effect of Peer Salaries on Job Satisfaction ," Institute for Research on Labor and Employment, Working Paper Series qt48z7z9dn, Institute of Industrial Relations, UC Berkeley. (repec.org)
  • Inequality at Work: The Effect of Peer Salaries on Job Satisfaction ," American Economic Review , American Economic Association, vol. 102(6), pages 2981-3003, October. (repec.org)
  • Inequality at Work: The Effect of Peer Salaries on Job Satisfaction ," Working Papers 1269, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Industrial Relations Section. (repec.org)
  • Inequality at Work: The Effect of Peer Salaries on Job Satisfaction ," NBER Working Papers 16396, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. (repec.org)
  • The study found those who walk or cycle to work do not report reductions in leisure time satisfaction as the same way as other commuter, even with the same duration of commute. (itv.com)
  • The research, funded by the Economic and Social Research Council, showed working from home, walking to work and shorter commutes increase job satisfaction. (itv.com)
  • Job satisfaction was found to decrease with the amount of time spent travelling to work, with an additional 20 minutes of commuting being associated with the associated effect on job satisfaction as a 19% reduction in personal income. (itv.com)
  • He said job satisfaction could be improved if employees were able to reduce commuting time, work from home and either walk or cycle to work. (itv.com)
  • 3 Less than 40% of family and internal medicine physicians indicated satisfaction with work-life balance in 2014. (annfammed.org)
  • The worker finds the role sufficient based on the adequacy of factors such as pay, employee benefits , hours, location, flexibility, work-life balance, and job security. (businessmanagementdaily.com)
  • Here, we're exploring a) what is going on in your brain during the processes that prime you for focus and creativity b) how to use that feedback to ultimately create meaningful work that makes you happier, more productive, and successful in your job. (surprise.com)
  • When you find purpose in your work, you're not only more satisfied with your job, but you're also more resilient. (surprise.com)
  • Those who find meaning in what they do report greater work satisfaction and even tend to work longer (often unpaid) hours. (surprise.com)
  • Major imbalances between work and life can become problematic for your health, job performance, and much more the longer those unhealthy habits carry on. (surprise.com)
  • Claire McCartney, research adviser for resourcing and talent planning at the CIPD, the professional body for HR and people development, comments: "The research shows that our approaches to job design and career management have not kept pace with the rapidly changing world of work or with employee expectations. (trainingjournal.com)
  • This can lead to a sense of disconnection from their work and a decrease in job satisfaction. (solidsmack.com)
  • Bristol, Brighton, Oxford and Manchester were the only cities to score above the national average of 3.82 based on ratings of such factors as overall job satisfaction, career opportunities, diversity and inclusion, work-life balance, pay and benefits, and workplace cultures. (relocatemagazine.com)
  • Giving employees the opportunity to work more flexibly gives them more autonomy over their working lives and this gives them a sense of job satisfaction and loyalty to their employer," she said. (phys.org)
  • Researchers find that negative events at work may inspire aspirational employees to leave their jobs and pursue work as entrepreneurs. (ioatwork.com)
  • If you're truly dissatisfied in your work, consider changing jobs, if you can-even if it means living on a lower income. (epm.org)
  • If we believe in God's sovereign plan, we'll work at our jobs to please Him, grow in character and Christlikeness, and use our unique sphere of influence to share the gospel. (epm.org)
  • Work with Apollo Technical and we'll keep you in the loop about the best IT and engineering jobs out there - and we'll keep it between us. (apollotechnical.com)
  • However, the link between ethics-related work factors and job satisfaction and intent-to-leave one's job has rarely been considered. (nih.gov)
  • Job crafting involves examining the tasks you do and where your energy at work is spent, and then rearranging them. (challengeconsulting.com.au)
  • Job satisfaction, engagement, and burnout were assessed using the Job Descriptive Index, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory, respectively. (physiciansweekly.com)
  • It is a link between empowering work settings and organizational outcomes (job satisfaction, organizational commitment, effectiveness). (uhu.es)
  • It was discovered that both dimensions of human capital (work experience and job position) were not significant to subjective career success (career satisfaction). (ccsenet.org)
  • The results show that the bifactorial structure, with five latent variables of the first level plus a general variable also of the first level, is a robust structural model to evaluate the satisfaction of Brazilian workers and was invariant for all groups tested, with the possibility of application in samples with different work times, levels of education and gender. (bvsalud.org)
  • Job Satisfaction, Ethical Leadership, and Trust – Work Legacies of the Coronavirus? (nih.gov)
  • We estimated linear probability models to assess the association between structural capabilities and NP job outcomes, controlling for NP work environment , demographics, and practice features. (bvsalud.org)
  • For decades, job satisfaction has been one of the most extensively researched concepts in work and organized psychology. (ukessays.com)
  • Job satisfaction has been described as favourable or positive feelings about work or the work environment. (ukessays.com)
  • Job satisfaction is considered now as an independent variable for various work-related behaviour such as productivity, absenteeism, turnover and organizational citizenship behaviour. (ukessays.com)
  • The NIH Toolbox Domain-Specific Life Satisfaction Survey 18+is a supplemental self?report measure that assesses feelings and attitudes about specific domains of one's life (e.g., family, health, work, leisure). (nih.gov)
  • Indicate how much you agree or disagree: I am satisfied with my present job or work. (nih.gov)
  • They were required to first become generalists before they could work in a more specialized field or obtain further on-the-job training. (nih.gov)
  • Job Stress and Work Schedules in Relation to Nurse Obesity. (cdc.gov)
  • Interpersonal conflict, lack of supervisor support, low job control, task overload, and work-family imbalance are examples of job stressors that can have detrimental health effects and interfere with the ability of employees to function optimally both in and outside of work. (cdc.gov)
  • Employees who view their supervisors, organization, or both as being supportive of family priorities report experiencing significantly less work-family conflict, greater job satisfaction and increased organizational commitment. (cdc.gov)
  • 18-20 A common and significant barrier to achieving work-life balance is work-family conflict, where the demands of the job affect employees' abilities to meet health, financial, and/or safety needs at home and, conversely, when the demands of home life make it difficult to meet work responsibilities. (cdc.gov)
  • Work-family conflict can be a significant source of job stress that has been associated with multiple negative health outcomes including cardiovascular disease, depression and burnout, work-related injury, obesity, and addictive behaviors (i.e., smoking and alcohol use). (cdc.gov)
  • One of the most widely used definitions in organizational research is that of Edwin A. Locke (1976), who defines job satisfaction as "a pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one's job or job experiences" (p. 1304). (wikipedia.org)
  • All employees were then surveyed about their job satisfaction and job search intentions. (repec.org)
  • This study aims to investigate the effect of training some aspects of Emotional Intelligence (EI) on job satisfaction and productivity of employees. (scialert.net)
  • Considering variables like age, education and job rank, we selected 28 employees who earned the lowest score for EI. (scialert.net)
  • The results show that education did not increase employees job satisfaction nor did it improve managers evaluation. (scialert.net)
  • EI can create a pleasant workplace and affect employees job satisfaction, efficient management and organization development (Patra, 2004). (scialert.net)
  • It has been conducted considering the scarcity of studies within the locale that may be used as basis on how to improve job satisfaction with attention to employees' equity preference. (researchgate.net)
  • Generalized linear mixed modeling related core-periphery position of clinic employees in the communication network to job satisfaction, after adjusting for job title, sex, number of years working at the clinic, and percent full-time employment. (annfammed.org)
  • Female physicians had lesser overall job satisfaction than other clinic employees. (annfammed.org)
  • Satisfied workers keep turnover rates low, and employers like it when employees are not on the lookout for their next job. (businessmanagementdaily.com)
  • The findings of this research indicate that employees' job satisfaction and organizational commitment components play a critical role in nurses' performance. (ssrn.com)
  • Businesses who don't improve job satisfaction are at risk of lowering their productivity and at risk of losing their good employees. (chartcourse.com)
  • The study surveyed over 2,000 UK employees in February and March 2016 and discovered that job satisfaction has fallen across all sectors. (trainingjournal.com)
  • Exploring a range of employee issues that could affect job satisfaction, the CIPD/Halogen survey finds that almost a fifth (23 per cent) of employees believe their organisation's performance management processes are unfair (an increase from 20 per cent in Autumn 2015). (trainingjournal.com)
  • Over a quarter (27 per cent) are dissatisfied with the opportunity to develop their skills in their job and this is reflected in the number of employees who say they are unlikely to fulfil their career aspirations in their current organisation, which has also increased to 36 per cent. (trainingjournal.com)
  • More than 300,000 reviews posted over the past year on the Glassdoor website by current and former employees have been analysed by the jobs site, resulting in London recording the top score of 3.92 out of 5. (relocatemagazine.com)
  • On a regional basis, companies in Greater and Central London were scored by employees as the highest in the UK for job satisfaction while employees in North West England topped the scores for diversity, equality and inclusion, with the SE England close behind. (relocatemagazine.com)
  • In fact, Scottish-based companies were ranked the lowest in the UK for each of the eight workplace factors by their employees and scored the lowest job satisfaction rate. (relocatemagazine.com)
  • Such as organization culture, leadership, and job satisfaction are the important factors that contribute to decrease or increase the employees' performance in the companies. (versita.com)
  • We find that lack of job stability is the most serious cause of lower satisfaction for both temporary employees and autonomous collaborators. (iza.org)
  • But while temporary employees compensate concerns of job stability with other job aspects, attaining satisfaction levels comparable to those of permanent employees, autonomous collaborators do not and are thus significantly the least satisfied. (iza.org)
  • In the U.S., 65% of employees are satisfied with their jobs, with 20% being passionate about their jobs. (apollotechnical.com)
  • There's also lower turnover when most of the employees are satisfied with their jobs. (apollotechnical.com)
  • We now know that job satisfaction is essential for both the employees and the company. (apollotechnical.com)
  • This study examined the effects of wage differences on job satisfaction for male and female employees in the Turkish lodging industry. (umass.edu)
  • Logistic regression analysis on data was collected from 397 individuals employed in 5 star hotels showed that male and female employees, at lower income levels report lower satisfaction with respect to Management Conditions, Personal Fulfillment, Using Ability in the Job, and Job Conditions dimensions than their counterparts. (umass.edu)
  • With more organizations looking for employees who take the initiative and respond creatively to the challenges of the job, empowerment becomes important at both individual and organizational levels. (uhu.es)
  • Job characteristics associated with intent to quit among nursing home employees and managers. (cdc.gov)
  • Employees and managers did not differ on job satisfaction, intent to quit, or job demands. (cdc.gov)
  • Here, we introduce three web-based Total Worker Health® training programs that promote supportive leadership behaviors to reduce employee exposure to workplace stressors and corresponding job stress to improve employees' physical and mental health, including cardiovascular disease risk factors such as hypertension. (cdc.gov)
  • This study aims to examine the relationship between the employee's performance and the three factors: leadership, job satisfaction, and organizational culture, in private companies in the kingdom of Bahrain. (versita.com)
  • Research shows that supportive leadership can be an important factor in reducing the negative effects of job stress. (cdc.gov)
  • An exploratory descriptive study design was used to investigate job satisfaction and burnout among Palestinian nurses. (who.int)
  • The purpose: of this study was to find the impact of organizational commitment and Job satisfaction on nurses' job performance. (ssrn.com)
  • Findings: the results indicated there is a positive and significant impact of Job satisfaction on nurses' performance. (ssrn.com)
  • Controlling for socio-demographics, we examined the extent to which these factors affect nurses and social workers' job satisfaction and their interest in leaving their current position. (nih.gov)
  • 2010 . Job satisfaction in rural public health nurses. (nih.gov)
  • 4 Increasing regulations, electronic health records (EHRs), hectic pace, long hours, and increasing workload contribute to lower job satisfaction among health care professionals. (annfammed.org)
  • In Spring 2019, San José State University partnered with the Collaborative On Academic Careers in Higher Education (COACHE) to administer a faculty job satisfaction survey. (sjsu.edu)
  • For more information about the 2019 COACHE Faculty Job Satisfaction Survey findings and next steps, please contact Deanna Fassett, Director, Center for Faculty Development at [email protected] or 408-924-5511. (sjsu.edu)
  • I think that's what gives me satisfaction," says Smart, who in 2019 became the first CISO at MongoDB-her third chief security position. (csoonline.com)
  • The purpose of this study was to determine the satisfaction of Operating Rooms students of Rafsanjan Paramedical School with their field of study and their view on job future in 2019. (magiran.com)
  • Each employee got job satisfaction and productivity questionnaires and their managers were given employee evaluation questionnaire. (scialert.net)
  • Studies show that EI is extremely important in productivity and job satisfaction (Jordan et al . (scialert.net)
  • Once directed correctly, emotions create assurance and commitment, which in turn increase job satisfaction and productivity (Cooper, 1998). (scialert.net)
  • 2002) showed EI was associated with job productivity. (scialert.net)
  • Focusing on employee engagement can help create better workplace culture, reduce staff turnover, increase productivity and provide greater job satisfaction. (relocatemagazine.com)
  • The productivity and effectiveness of them are influenced by promotion, charging, job security, technological level, course load and working schedule which all are determined mostly by their institutions and influenced by noncognitive characteristics such as age, gender, family structure and finally influenced by personality types and characteristics, attitudes and behaviors, social values, competency and other personality characteristics of teachers. (edu.au)
  • The global cost of job stress is estimated to range from $221 million to $187 billion per year, with 70-90% of the costs due to productivity loss. (cdc.gov)
  • 9 Cardiovascular disease and stroke, leading causes of death in the U.S., cause $138 billion in lost job productivity. (cdc.gov)
  • the valid questionnaires have been analyzed by SPSS to exam the impact of organizational commitment and job satisfaction on job performance. (ssrn.com)
  • The report highlights a variety of other factors associated with low job satisfaction as well. (edweek.org)
  • The "correlation between job satisfaction and these factors suggests that the current economic climate may be contributing to the decrease in professional satisfaction," the report states. (edweek.org)
  • The findings are from a project, sponsored by the American Medical Association (AMA), designed to identify the factors that influence physicians' professional satisfaction. (fiercebiotech.com)
  • 4 Inferential Analysis on Inputs to Social Exchange when Grouped by Equity Preference Inferential analysis was also conducted to determine whether a significant difference exists in job satisfaction, in terms of hygiene and motivating factors, when the participants were grouped according to equity preference. (researchgate.net)
  • Especially in times of low unemployment and high turnover, keeping an eye on factors that promote employee job satisfaction is critical to retention. (businessmanagementdaily.com)
  • As the examples illustrate, various factors contribute to job satisfaction. (businessmanagementdaily.com)
  • A two-part questionnaire was used, the first part included demographic questions and the second part was to evaluate the level of students 'satisfaction with the field of study, effective factors on students' satisfaction and perspective on the future career. (magiran.com)
  • There are other factors which affect job satisfaction but the role of EI cannot be neglected. (ed.gov)
  • The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of motivational factors on job satisfaction of professional library staff in academic libraries in Gombe State, Nigeria. (ajol.info)
  • The specific objectives are to: Examine the kinds of job performed by professional library staff, identify those factors that motivate professional library staff in academic libraries in Gombe State, Nigeria and to what extent are professional library staff satisfied with motivational factors in academic libraries in Gombe State, Nigeria. (ajol.info)
  • The study found that training of professional Library staff and monetary factors were the major motivating factors in academic libraries in Gombe State, Nigeria to perform their jobs while communicating with coworkers inside the organization is the least factor that motivate the performance of professional library staff. (ajol.info)
  • Hence, at this point of time, it is important to understand the working condition and job satisfaction level of self-financed programme teachers by critically analyzing the determinant factors to improve the self-financed programmes competitiveness through the teachers' performance. (ukessays.com)
  • The factors that affect employee job satisfaction in other fields can apply in the field of education too. (ukessays.com)
  • Job satisfaction and burnout among health care providers are important issues since they affect turnover rates, staff retention and ultimately the quality of patient care [9-11]. (who.int)
  • Regression analysis showed that emotional management and emotional maturity significantly predicted the job satisfaction. (ed.gov)
  • Hierarchical multiple regression analyses have revealed that intrinsic job satisfaction was significantly predicted by formal power and access to opportunity, and job satisfaction with supervisor was predicted by informal power, and access to resources, information, and support. (uhu.es)
  • While cognitive job satisfaction might help to bring about affective job satisfaction, the two constructs are distinct, not necessarily directly related, and have different antecedents and consequences. (wikipedia.org)
  • According to Kanter's structural empowerment, this study examines the role of access to opportunity, resources, support and information, and two types of power, formal and informal, as antecedents of job satisfaction. (uhu.es)
  • The latest report found that the average orthopedic surgeon salary rebounded in 2021, making it one of the highest paid physician specialties with strong job and specialty satisfaction. (comphealth.com)
  • Continued low employment rates, sky-high job vacancies and increasing numbers of economically inactive people means hiring and retaining talent will remain tough in 2022. (relocatemagazine.com)
  • It is assessed at both the global level (whether the individual is satisfied with the job overall), or at the facet level (whether the individual is satisfied with different aspects of the job). (wikipedia.org)
  • Only 9% (134) report a low level of job satisfaction and 2% (35) said they're not at all content. (chemicalprocessing.com)
  • Job satisfaction in the UK has dropped to its lowest level for over two years, according to new research. (trainingjournal.com)
  • If working, indicate level of job satisfaction. (mymasterpieceliving.com)
  • A study of job satisfaction of academic staff of a public university in Malaysia used the 7-item general satisfaction scale in a survey to determine the level of job satisfaction of the academic staff. (ccsenet.org)
  • The results indicated that overall the academic staff of the university has a moderate level of job satisfaction. (ccsenet.org)
  • Results also showed that level of EI significantly affected the job satisfaction of primary school teachers. (ed.gov)
  • However, there is no significant difference between male and female teachers regarding the level of job satisfaction. (ed.gov)
  • Purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between the level of job satisfaction of high school teachers and types of personality and to evaluate the differences of the levels of job satisfaction in accordance with the personality features. (edu.au)
  • and it is seen that teachers are satisfied with their jobs near to an intermediary level. (edu.au)
  • The annual report also offers insights into orthopedist job satisfaction, supplemental income opportunities, administrative burden, and the aspects of the job found to be most rewarding and most challenging. (comphealth.com)
  • We control for the various temporary contracts and for perceived satisfactions in nine aspects of the job. (iza.org)
  • A national study conducted by the University of the West of England has found that every extra minute of commuting time reduces both job and leisure time satisfaction, increases strain and worsens mental health. (itv.com)
  • 1-3 Persistent job stress significantly increases workers' risk of experiencing stress cardiomyopathy, 3 incident coronary heart disease, and stroke. (cdc.gov)
  • 5 In addition, worse job satisfaction in primary care is closely related to professional burnout characterized by loss of emotional, mental, and physical energy in the context of job-related stress and could lead to reduced patient outcomes. (annfammed.org)
  • However, little research examines the relationship between practice structural capabilities and nurse practitioner (NP) job outcomes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Practice leaders should further invest in structural capabilities to improve primary care provider job outcomes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Job satisfaction will significantly influence the employee's mindset and happiness in the workplace. (apollotechnical.com)
  • We estimate a regression model of perceived overall job satisfaction of young workers, based on the ISFOL-PLUS 2006-2008-2010 panel. (iza.org)
  • Research from Cass Business School and Cranfield School of Management has confirmed that flexible working can increase employee job satisfaction and organisational commitment. (phys.org)
  • They then considered the indirect effects of employee performance via job satisfaction and organisational commitment. (phys.org)
  • Report co-author Professor Lilian de Menezes, Cass, said the research showed a positive association between both informal and formal flexible working arrangements and job satisfaction and organisational commitment. (phys.org)
  • We're going to introduce you to a great practical tool to help anybody turn the job they have into one that offers more job satisfaction, and increased commitment to both the job and the employer. (challengeconsulting.com.au)
  • The Impact of Primary Care Practice Structural Capabilities on Nurse Practitioner Burnout, Job Satisfaction, and Intent to Leave. (bvsalud.org)
  • Likewise, below-median earners report a significant increase in the likelihood of looking for a new job, while above-median earners are unaffected. (repec.org)
  • While longer commute times were found to reduce job satisfaction, it is also clear that people take on longer commutes partly to increase their earnings, which in turn improves job satisfaction. (itv.com)
  • Effective team communication allows health care practitioners to develop coordination, which is the capacity to predict, anticipate, and respond to one another in high-stress and restricted-time environments such as primary care and, in turn, may increase job satisfaction. (annfammed.org)
  • Job satisfaction will increase your overall happiness and feelings of fulfillment in life. (apollotechnical.com)
  • Among the key findings of the study was how electronic health records have affected physician professional satisfaction. (fiercebiotech.com)
  • The findings indicated that the areas of job satisfaction and professional growth were impacted by interpersonal skills and autonomy, while visibility only seemed to affect job satisfaction. (ku.edu)
  • 2 . Utilizing a Scale of 1 through 5 where "1" means Very Satisfied and "5' means Very Dissatisfied what is your overall satisfaction with the services provided from the Connecticut Department of Labor and its American Job Center partners? (surveymonkey.com)
  • RESULTS Average job satisfaction was 5.8 on a scale of 1 to 7. (annfammed.org)
  • The average satisfaction for working hours has now fallen below neutral into the 'dissatisfied' portion of the scale, for the first time since 2004. (managementinpractice.com)
  • Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS) and Teachers' Job Satisfaction Scale (TJSS) were used to collect the data. (ed.gov)
  • Data of the study were obtained from the questionnaire that determined the socio-demographic characteristics of the teachers, occupational satisfaction scale that determined their job satisfaction and the personality scale that determined their personality characteristics. (edu.au)
  • When the differences of points that teachers obtained in the job satisfaction scale and points obtained for each of the statements included in the scale used to evaluate their personality characteristics were compared, it was found that their job satisfaction showed significant differences in terms of characteristics of liking competence, being ambitious in the social area and occupation, getting angry easily, and hiding their feelings. (edu.au)
  • This study aimed to identify the properties of the job satisfaction scale most used in Brazilian samples in terms of its structure, convergent validity and measure invariance. (bvsalud.org)
  • The mean score of overall job satisfaction was 3.45 (sd = 0.50), in a 1 to 5 scale. (bvsalud.org)
  • Even so, the report indicates high job and specialty satisfaction among physicians and among orthopedic surgeons, especially. (comphealth.com)
  • Job satisfaction can be measured in cognitive (evaluative), affective (or emotional), and behavioral components. (wikipedia.org)
  • Researchers have also noted that job satisfaction measures vary in the extent to which they measure feelings about the job (affective job satisfaction). (wikipedia.org)
  • Hulin and Judge (2003) have noted that job satisfaction includes multidimensional psychological responses to an individual's job, and that these personal responses have cognitive (evaluative), affective (or emotional), and behavioral components. (wikipedia.org)
  • Job satisfaction scales vary in the extent to which they assess the affective feelings about the job or the cognitive assessment of the job. (wikipedia.org)
  • Affective job satisfaction is a subjective construct representing an emotional feeling individuals have about their job. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hence, affective job satisfaction for individuals reflects the degree of pleasure or happiness their job in general induces. (wikipedia.org)
  • Job satisfaction has been described as the degree of positive affective orientation toward a job [2,4,5]. (who.int)
  • Job satisfaction is believed to reflect an individual's affective and/or cognitive assessment of his or her working conditions and job attributes. (ukessays.com)
  • Teacher job satisfaction is at the lowest it's been in more than two decades, likely as a consequence-at least in part-of the economic downturn and resulting cuts to education budgets, according to a national survey. (edweek.org)
  • The 28th annual MetLife Survey of the American Teacher , released today, finds that 44 percent of teachers are "very satisfied" with their jobs, down from 59 percent in 2009. (edweek.org)
  • The survey also suggests that teachers are increasingly anxious about holding onto their jobs. (edweek.org)
  • Indeed, the Proofpoint survey finds that having a clear sense of purpose in helping society (44%) and responsibility of crafting a response using technology, people and/or processes to address evolving risk (44%) are top reasons for CISO job satisfaction. (csoonline.com)
  • METHODS A total of 143 health care professionals, including physicians and clinical staff, at 5 US primary care clinics participated in a cross-sectional survey on their communication connections regarding patient care with other care team members and their job satisfaction. (annfammed.org)
  • Job satisfaction has dropped in a recent survey. (chartcourse.com)
  • GP's overall job satisfaction is now at its lowest since 2001, before the new GP contract was introduced, the Eighth National GP Worklife Survey has revealed. (managementinpractice.com)
  • Interestingly, the change in the average satisfaction that GPs report for their working hours has occurred even though the reported hours worked and the reported content of those hours has not changed very much since the previous survey. (managementinpractice.com)
  • In my profession, the laborers react best and most successfully when they are given more extensive obligations, urge to contribute and assist with accomplishing fulfillment in their jobs in edmond oklahoma . (selenaweb.org)
  • Perceived job stress, job satisfaction, and psychological symptoms in critical care nursing. (cdc.gov)
  • The association between job stress and the onset and progression of cardiovascular disease has been well-documented in the medical and psychological research literature. (cdc.gov)
  • But one of the most significant drivers of job satisfaction for Finney and other CISOs we spoke with is how their role makes a difference. (csoonline.com)
  • 2006), Wong and Law (2002) and Villard (2004) found the significant relationship between EI and job satisfaction and job performance. (scialert.net)
  • Job satisfaction among primary care professionals, including physicians and clinical staff, can have a significant effect on patient satisfaction with care and patient care quality. (annfammed.org)
  • The impact of prior authorization on physician burnout and job satisfaction is a significant issue in the healthcare system, but there are solutions to reduce the administrative burden and improve provider well-being. (solidsmack.com)
  • The study found a significant positive relationship between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction. (ed.gov)
  • Besides, results also showed that there were no significant differences between husband and wife in job satisfaction and family functioning. (thescipub.com)
  • Job stress has significant impacts on the short and long-term health and well-being of the U.S. workforce. (cdc.gov)
  • The health consequences of job stress create a significant burden on the economy. (cdc.gov)
  • While government employment is trending upward, it still remains below pre-pandemic levels by about 376,000 jobs. (govexec.com)
  • Of course, there are happy and unhappy workers in any role at all levels and for all manner of reasons, but there are some commonalities in what brings CISOs satisfaction that are indeed informative, both about the role and the people who are drawn to it. (csoonline.com)
  • This article will cover which jobs are the most satisfying and why their satisfaction levels tower over other career paths. (apollotechnical.com)
  • The purpose of this study was to examine the perception of administrative support, at the school and district levels, in order to identify how it related to professional growth and job satisfaction of elementary music teachers. (ku.edu)
  • The job satisfaction levels among the professionals were considered good, and the block that scored the lowest satisfaction was personal time. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cognitive job satisfaction does not assess the degree of pleasure or happiness that arises from specific job facets, but rather gauges the extent to which those job facets are judged by the job holder to be satisfactory in comparison with objectives they themselves set or with other jobs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Many things affect physician professional satisfaction, but a common theme is that physicians describe feeling stressed and unhappy when they see barriers preventing them from providing quality care," said Dr. Mark Friedberg, the study's lead author and a natural scientist at RAND, a nonprofit research organization. (fiercebiotech.com)
  • The study did not identify recent health reforms as having prominent effects on physician satisfaction, either positive or negative. (fiercebiotech.com)
  • Most physicians and practice administrators were uncertain about how health reform would affect physician satisfaction and practice finances. (fiercebiotech.com)
  • Physician burnout is highly associated with medical errors, quality of care [ 1 - 3 ], and career satisfaction [26 28 29] about one's career. (medsci.org)
  • The impact of prior authorization on physician burnout and job satisfaction. (solidsmack.com)
  • In recent years, the impact of prior authorization on physician burnout and job satisfaction has received increased attention, as healthcare providers grapple with the administrative burden of the prior authorization process. (solidsmack.com)
  • Job satisfaction is another important aspect of physician well-being and is closely linked to burnout. (solidsmack.com)
  • To reduce the impact of prior authorization on physician burnout and job satisfaction, healthcare providers can streamline the process, outsource administrative tasks, improve communication, and reduce the number of prior authorizations required. (solidsmack.com)
  • Teachers with low job satisfaction, the MetLife data show, are more likely than those with high job satisfaction to say they feel a lack of job security. (edweek.org)
  • For instance, teachers with low job satisfaction are less likely than those with high job satisfaction to say they receive adequate professional development from their school or district. (edweek.org)
  • That figure has more than quadrupled, according to the report-with 34 percent now saying they feel a lack of job security. (edweek.org)
  • We find an asymmetric response to the information treatment: workers with salaries below the median for their pay unit and occupation report lower pay and job satisfaction, while those earning above the median report no higher satisfaction. (repec.org)
  • Edwin A. Locke's Range of Affect Theory (1976) is arguably the most famous job satisfaction model. (wikipedia.org)
  • Job satisfaction can majorly affect workers, which in turn affects the company . (apollotechnical.com)
  • They also note that in 1935 Hoppock conducted a study that focused explicitly on job satisfaction that is affected by both the nature of the job and relationships with coworkers and supervisors. (wikipedia.org)
  • More over, the investigation of the differences on job satisfaction and family functioning based on gender is also being analyzed. (thescipub.com)
  • Overcoming modern medicine's greatest obstacles to first-rate medical care can simultaneously enhance the quality of care and improve professional satisfaction among physicians," said AMA President Dr. Ardis Dee Hoven. (fiercebiotech.com)
  • CONCLUSIONS Interventions targeting professional communication networks might improve health care employee job satisfaction at primary care clinics. (annfammed.org)
  • Jack does what his manager asks of him but hardly ever thinks about customer satisfaction or what actions might improve company profitability. (businessmanagementdaily.com)
  • Outsourcing administrative tasks, such as filling out forms and communicating with insurance companies, can help reduce the burden on healthcare providers and improve their job satisfaction. (solidsmack.com)
  • Reducing the number of prior authorizations required for certain medical services and treatments can help reduce the burden on healthcare providers and improve their job satisfaction. (solidsmack.com)
  • Moreover, by studying teachers' job satisfaction, it is also possible to improve our knowledge of the academic profession in general and to generate with the help of such knowledge more effective programmes for the recruitment, retention and improvement of its members. (ukessays.com)
  • The top security job is highly stressful and sometimes thankless, but it can also provide great satisfaction-especially for mission-driven CISOs. (csoonline.com)
  • Being able to provide high-quality health care is a primary driver of job satisfaction among physicians, and obstacles to quality patient care are a source of stress for doctors, according to a new RAND Corporation study. (fiercebiotech.com)
  • Job satisfaction is tied to the development of teachers as persons and to their dignity, because it is related to quality of living in general and finally because a highly satisfied teacher will present more pro-organization behaviours than a less satisfied one. (ukessays.com)
  • New research looks at working mothers to investigate sleep deprivation and job performance. (ioatwork.com)
  • This study aimed to find the association between job satisfaction and radiation protection knowledge, attitude and practice of medical radiation workers occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation. (who.int)
  • The study found a longer commute reduces both job and leisure time satisfaction. (itv.com)
  • One finding that we did not fully anticipate at the study outset is the clear link between longer duration commutes, commuting mode and job satisfaction,' Dr Chatterjee added. (itv.com)
  • The study focused on equity preference, inputs to social exchange and job satisfaction in the context of an academic institution. (researchgate.net)
  • This study evaluates the extent to which professional communication networks contribute to job satisfaction among health care professionals in primary care clinics. (annfammed.org)
  • How to teach specialized theory courses was the most important factor in students' satisfaction with the field of study, and "serviceability to people and the community" was the key to a positive attitude toward the future. (magiran.com)
  • The objective of the study was to find out the effect of EI and gender on job satisfaction of primary school teachers. (ed.gov)
  • Measures of job satisfaction used in the study were derived from a review of the literature. (umass.edu)
  • The term 'job crafting' was coined by Professor Jane Dutton and Dr Amy Wrzesniewski after a study they did with hospital workers, in which she found that janitors who saw their jobs as making a difference, and themselves as part of the healthcare team, were able to add something to their job that benefited the patients, the hospital and themselves. (challengeconsulting.com.au)
  • This study was aimed at evaluating job satisfaction, engagement, and burnout in the population of Chinese orthopedist and neurosurgeon trainees. (physiciansweekly.com)
  • The aim of the present study is to determine the relationship between job satisfaction and family functioning of dual-earner commuter family in Malaysia. (thescipub.com)
  • In the case of teachers, the study of job satisfaction is relevant for understanding and improving higher education institutions and their core functions of teaching, research and service. (ukessays.com)
  • This study focuses on job satisfaction of teachers. (ukessays.com)
  • The objective of the study was to verify the professional satisfaction among the dentists who worked in a private enterprise of São Paulo State. (bvsalud.org)
  • New research shows that signaling job crafting opportunities may be an effective means of attracting new talent. (ioatwork.com)
  • New research considers the relationship between education and job satisfaction. (ioatwork.com)
  • In the event that the labor force is happy with their jobs in norman oklahoma just as the authoritative climate including its associates, pay, and initiative they will be more dedicated with their association when contrasted with when they are not fulfilled. (selenaweb.org)
  • Physicians were asked to fill out a questionnaire that included demographic information, practice characteristics, burnout, medical malpractice experience, job satisfaction, and medical error experience. (medsci.org)
  • The instruments included a demographic questionnaire, the Minnesota satisfaction questionnaire and the Maslach burnout inventory. (who.int)
  • This study's objective was to examine intent to quit among all staff and assess the roles of job characteristics and job satisfaction. (cdc.gov)
  • PURPOSE Whereas communication among health care professionals plays an important role in providing the best quality of care for primary care patients, little evidence exists regarding how professional communication contributes to job satisfaction among health care providers, including physicians and clinical staff, in primary care clinics. (annfammed.org)
  • 1 , 6 - 8 Whereas clinicians' job satisfaction is recognized as an important goal to aim for, there is a gap in understanding the ways in which team care delivery could enhance clinicians' job satisfaction in primary care. (annfammed.org)
  • Why is job satisfaction so important? (surprise.com)
  • The first and possibly the most important step in job crafting, though, is to make the time to step back and consider your motives, strengths and passions and how you can craft your job to suit them better. (challengeconsulting.com.au)
  • On the other hand, longer commute times were not found to have a large impact on life satisfaction overall. (itv.com)
  • This is what they found: On average, American workers said they'd be willing to forego 23% of their entire future lifetime earnings in order to have a job that was always meaningful. (surprise.com)
  • Discussion and Implications: Among nursing home staff, lower intent to quit may be achieved through improving job satisfaction, the quality of supervision, safety culture, and job enrichment through more schedule control and decision-making power. (cdc.gov)
  • Results support Kanter's theory of structural empowerment, and suggest strong relationships between job satisfaction and structural empowerment. (uhu.es)
  • In 2006, just 8 percent of teachers said they did not feel their job was secure. (edweek.org)