Jealousy
Literature, Modern
Obsessive Behavior
Delusions
A modest proposal for another phenomenological approach to psychopathology. (1/21)
In 1912, Karl Jaspers published an article entitled "The Phenomenological Approach to Psychopathology." This and his subsequent text, General Psychopathology, was to exert a profound influence on the development of psychiatry in general and psychiatric nosology in particular. The current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and International Classification of Diseases both reflect, at least in part, that legacy. This article will argue that the descriptive psychopathology of Jaspers has been gradually transformed into a caricature which has substituted authority for enquiry and simplification for subtlety. We have been left with classificatory systems which impose reified categories increasingly at variance with clinical reality and increasingly divorced from the data generated by scientific enquiry. Returning to the phenomenological method, despite its contradictions, may open the way to clinical and research approaches which free us from the current straight jacket of orthodoxy which is impending our progress. (+info)Jealous love and morbid jealousy. (2/21)
Jealous love and morbid jealousy, although inextricably linked, cannot be considered the same: jealous love (trait jealousy) is the behavioral and cognitive-affective precondition of morbid jealousy (state jealousy). Love is jealous when it is devoured by the desire for the exclusive and total possession of the partner, whose unconditional and continued presence is avidly requested. This type of love, in addition, is permeated by the need to know what the other is thinking, in order to scrutinize every minimal flaw in the faithfulness of the partner even in his or her innermost thoughts and fantasies; in it, jealousy is virtually always present, even in the absence of a triggering event, because captative love, by its very nature, includes the expectation of a conflict which inevitably actually takes place in reality. Finally, jealousy emerges as an emotional event (jealous flash) in response to a more or less significant change in the behavior of the partner, and reveals to the jealous individual a dimension which was previously latent or inexistent. This intense and brief experience, leaves a more or less blurred memory behind, and tends to progressively repeat itself and take root as a feeling. (+info)The green-eyed monster and malicious joy: the neuroanatomical bases of envy and gloating (schadenfreude). (3/21)
Facing a protagonist's emotional mental state can trigger social emotions (or 'fortune of others' emotion), such as envy or gloating, which reflect one's assessment of the consequences of the other's fortune. Here we suggest that these social emotions are mediated by the mentalizing network. The present article explores the notion that the understanding of social competitive emotions is particularly impaired in patients with ventromedial (VM) prefrontal lesions. By manipulating a simple Theory of Mind (ToM) task, we tested the ability of patients with localized lesions to understand 'fortune of others' emotions: envy and gloating (schadenfreude). Patients were also assessed for their ability to recognize control physical and identification conditions. While envy is an example of a negative experience in the face of another's fortunes, gloat is thought to be a positive experience in the face of another's misfortune. Whereas in schadenfreude and envy the emotion of the self and the protagonist may be opposite, identification involves matching between the protagonist's and the observer's emotions. Patients with VM (N = 10) lesions (particularly in the right hemisphere), although showing intact performance on a basic first order ToM condition, and relatively preserved understanding of identification, did not recognize envy (F[6,76] = 3.491, P = 0.004) and gloating (F[6,76] = 3.738, P = 0.003). Impaired recognition of gloating involved additionally lesions in the inferior parietal lobule (P = 0.001). Furthermore, while patients with lesions in the left hemisphere were more impaired in recognizing gloating (a positive emotion), right hemisphere patients were more impaired in recognizing envy (a negative emotion), suggesting that the valence of these emotions may also be affected by the asymmetry of the lesion (F[6,68] = 2.002, P = 0.011). In addition, the ability to identify these emotions was related to perspective-taking abilities and ToM. We suggest that these results indicate that the mentalizing network including the VM has a fundamental role in mediating the understanding of competitive emotions such as envy and gloating. (+info)When your gain is my pain and your pain is my gain: neural correlates of envy and schadenfreude. (4/21)
(+info)Partner violence and sexual jealousy in China: a population-based survey. (5/21)
(+info)Distinguishing risk profiles among parent-only, partner-only, and dually perpetrating physical aggressors. (6/21)
(+info)Othello syndrome in patients with Parkinson's disease. (7/21)
BACKGROUND: Othello syndrome (OS) is an organic delusional disorder with prevailing jealousy symptoms presumably appearing as side effect of antiparkinsonian therapy. The clinical spectrum of psychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) is very wide, including symptoms of depression and anxiety, hallucinations, delusions, with prevalent paranoid symptoms, agitation, delirium and sleep disorders. At our knowledge, just a few cases of patients with PD and OS were reported till now. METHODS: three neurologists working in a tertiary referral centre were asked to report cases of pathological jealousy as defined by the DSM IV criteria (Kaplan et al. 1994). The following data were collected retrospectively: sex, age at PD onset, age at OS onset, duration of PD, duration of PD treatment, duration of treatment with dopamine agonists (DAs), treatment of OS, past history of alcoholism, premorbid personality disorder, family history of psychiatric disorders and data about general cognitive condition. RESULTS: Five PD patients (three males) with OS were investigated. The mean age of the patients at the PD onset was 46.80+/-8.87 (SD), the mean age at the OS onset was 56.40+/-8.76 (SD). Before the onset of OS, all of them were taking dopamine agonists. The first patient was treated with pramipexole, apomorphine infusion and levodopa/carbidopa, the second with apomorphine infusion plus levodopa/carbidopa/entacapone, the third with pramipexole, the fourth and fifth with ropinirole. Decrease of dopamine agonist led to clinical improvement in three patients (complete reduction of the symptoms in two, reduction of symptoms in one patients). In two patients, the symptoms remained the same. In three patients atypical neuroleptics had to be added: clozapine in two and quetiapine in one patient. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that OS is a more common psychiatric side effect in PD patients on treatment with dopamine agonists than usually believed, particulary in those with early disease onset. It is a very disturbing symptom for patients and their partners, often underestimated by them, and should therefore be actively searched for. (+info)Envy up, scorn down: how comparison divides us. (8/21)
(+info)Jealousy is not a term that has a specific medical definition. It is a psychological feeling or state that involves feelings of fear, anxiety, and apprehension about losing something that one values, such as a relationship, possession, or status, to another person. Jealousy can also involve feelings of anger, resentment, and disappointment, and it can have negative impacts on mental and emotional well-being if it becomes chronic or intense. While jealousy is not a medical condition itself, it can be a factor in various psychological and interpersonal issues that may require medical attention, such as anxiety disorders, relationship problems, and low self-esteem.
I'm happy to help! However, it seems there might be a bit of confusion in your question. "Modern" is a term that refers to a period in time, specifically the modern period which is generally considered to be from the late 19th century to the present. "Literature," on the other hand, is a broad term that refers to written works, especially those considered to have artistic or intellectual value.
So, when you ask for a medical definition of "Literature, Modern," it's not entirely clear what you are looking for. If you are asking for examples of modern literature that deal with medical themes or issues, there are many notable works to choose from, including:
* "The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks" by Rebecca Skloot, which explores the ethical implications of medical research using human cells without consent.
* "The Hot Zone" by Richard Preston, a thriller about the Ebola virus and its potential to cause a global pandemic.
* "Complications: A Surgeon's Notes on an Imperfect Science" by Atul Gawande, a collection of essays that examine the challenges and uncertainties of medical practice.
* "Brain on Fire: My Month of Madness" by Susannah Cahalan, a memoir about the author's experience with a rare autoimmune disorder that affected her brain.
If you are looking for something else, please let me know and I will do my best to assist you!
Obsessive behavior is defined in the medical context as repetitive, persistent, and intrusive thoughts, images, or urges that cause distress or anxiety. These obsessions are not simply excessive worries about real-life problems, but rather they are irrational and uncontrollable. Often, individuals with obsessive behavior attempt to ignore or suppress their obsessions, which can lead to increased distress and anxiety. In some cases, the obsessions may become so overwhelming that they interfere with a person's daily life and ability to function.
Obsessive behavior is a key feature of several mental health conditions, including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), and hoarding disorder. In these conditions, the obsessions are often accompanied by compulsive behaviors that are performed in an attempt to alleviate the anxiety or distress caused by the obsessions.
It is important to note that everyone experiences unwanted thoughts or urges from time to time. However, when these thoughts become so frequent and distressing that they interfere with a person's daily life, it may be indicative of an underlying mental health condition. In such cases, it is recommended to seek professional help from a qualified mental health provider.
A delusion is a fixed, false belief that is firmly held despite evidence to the contrary and is not shared by others who hold similar cultural or religious beliefs. Delusions are a key symptom of certain psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and delusional disorder. They can also be seen in other medical conditions, such as dementia, brain injury, or substance abuse.
Delusions can take many forms, but some common types include:
* Persecutory delusions: the belief that one is being targeted or harmed by others
* Grandiose delusions: the belief that one has special powers, talents, or importance
* Erotomanic delusions: the belief that someone, often of higher social status, is in love with the individual
* Somatic delusions: the belief that one's body is abnormal or has been altered in some way
* Religious or spiritual delusions: the belief that one has a special relationship with a deity or religious figure
Delusions should not be confused with overvalued ideas, which are strongly held beliefs based on subjective interpretation of experiences or evidence. Overvalued ideas may be shared by others and can sometimes develop into delusions if they become fixed and firmly held despite contradictory evidence.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "love" is not a term that has a widely accepted medical or clinical definition. It's a term that's used to describe a strong feeling of affection, protectiveness, warmth, and respect for another person. While there can be psychological and neurobiological aspects to feelings of love, it's not a term that's used in a medical context in the same way that terms like "inflammation" or "hypertension" are used.
If you have any questions related to healthcare or medicine, I'd be happy to try and help answer them!