Iodine
Iodine Radioisotopes
Radioisotopes
Zinc Radioisotopes
Radioisotope Dilution Technique
Strontium Radioisotopes
Krypton Radioisotopes
Goiter, Endemic
Indium Radioisotopes
Goiter
Enlargement of the THYROID GLAND that may increase from about 20 grams to hundreds of grams in human adults. Goiter is observed in individuals with normal thyroid function (euthyroidism), thyroid deficiency (HYPOTHYROIDISM), or hormone overproduction (HYPERTHYROIDISM). Goiter may be congenital or acquired, sporadic or endemic (GOITER, ENDEMIC).
Sodium Radioisotopes
Radionuclide Imaging
The production of an image obtained by cameras that detect the radioactive emissions of an injected radionuclide as it has distributed differentially throughout tissues in the body. The image obtained from a moving detector is called a scan, while the image obtained from a stationary camera device is called a scintiphotograph.
Radioactivity
Barium Radioisotopes
Yttrium Radioisotopes
Tin Radioisotopes
Carbon Radioisotopes
Iron Radioisotopes
Copper Radioisotopes
Thyroid Gland
A highly vascularized endocrine gland consisting of two lobes joined by a thin band of tissue with one lobe on each side of the TRACHEA. It secretes THYROID HORMONES from the follicular cells and CALCITONIN from the parafollicular cells thereby regulating METABOLISM and CALCIUM level in blood, respectively.
Phosphorus Radioisotopes
Potassium Iodide
Technetium
The first artificially produced element and a radioactive fission product of URANIUM. Technetium has the atomic symbol Tc, atomic number 43, and atomic weight 98.91. All technetium isotopes are radioactive. Technetium 99m (m=metastable) which is the decay product of Molybdenum 99, has a half-life of about 6 hours and is used diagnostically as a radioactive imaging agent. Technetium 99 which is a decay product of technetium 99m, has a half-life of 210,000 years.
Mercury Radioisotopes
Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid
Cesium Isotopes
Isotope Labeling
Povidone-Iodine
Cerium Radioisotopes
Cobalt Isotopes
Deficiency Diseases
Hafnium
Gold Radioisotopes
Radioimmunotherapy
Radiotherapy where cytotoxic radionuclides are linked to antibodies in order to deliver toxins directly to tumor targets. Therapy with targeted radiation rather than antibody-targeted toxins (IMMUNOTOXINS) has the advantage that adjacent tumor cells, which lack the appropriate antigenic determinants, can be destroyed by radiation cross-fire. Radioimmunotherapy is sometimes called targeted radiotherapy, but this latter term can also refer to radionuclides linked to non-immune molecules (see RADIOTHERAPY).
Lead Radioisotopes
Diagnostic Techniques, Radioisotope
Astatine
Zinc Isotopes
Sulfur Radioisotopes
Cadmium Radioisotopes
Radiopharmaceuticals
Iodophors
Lutetium
Thyrotropin
A glycoprotein hormone secreted by the adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Thyrotropin stimulates THYROID GLAND by increasing the iodide transport, synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (THYROXINE and TRIIODOTHYRONINE). Thyrotropin consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is common in the pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH; LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity.
Bromine Radioisotopes
Samarium
Scintillation Counting
Subdural Effusion
Calcium Isotopes
Radioactive Waste
Liquid, solid, or gaseous waste resulting from mining of radioactive ore, production of reactor fuel materials, reactor operation, processing of irradiated reactor fuels, and related operations, and from use of radioactive materials in research, industry, and medicine. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Serum Albumin, Radio-Iodinated
Congenital Hypothyroidism
A condition in infancy or early childhood due to an in-utero deficiency of THYROID HORMONES that can be caused by genetic or environmental factors, such as thyroid dysgenesis or HYPOTHYROIDISM in infants of mothers treated with THIOURACIL during pregnancy. Endemic cretinism is the result of iodine deficiency. Clinical symptoms include severe MENTAL RETARDATION, impaired skeletal development, short stature, and MYXEDEMA.
Thyroxine
The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.
Ruthenium Radioisotopes
Iodized Oil
Radiometric Dating
Iodine Isotopes
Selenium Radioisotopes
Alpha Particles
Tissue Distribution
Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios.
Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring
Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m
Tungsten
Tungsten. A metallic element with the atomic symbol W, atomic number 74, and atomic weight 183.85. It is used in many manufacturing applications, including increasing the hardness, toughness, and tensile strength of steel; manufacture of filaments for incandescent light bulbs; and in contact points for automotive and electrical apparatus.
Isotopes
Radioisotope Teletherapy
Pentetic Acid
Hypothyroidism
Spectrometry, Gamma
Nuclear Medicine
Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate
Radiometry
Thyroid Hormones
Rosaniline Dyes
Radiation Dosage
The amount of radiation energy that is deposited in a unit mass of material, such as tissues of plants or animal. In RADIOTHERAPY, radiation dosage is expressed in gray units (Gy). In RADIOLOGIC HEALTH, the dosage is expressed by the product of absorbed dose (Gy) and quality factor (a function of linear energy transfer), and is called radiation dose equivalent in sievert units (Sv).
Hyperthyroidism
Nostoc commune
Iodide Peroxidase
Cesium Radioisotopes
Potassium Radioisotopes
Iodohippuric Acid
Perchlorates
Carbon Isotopes
Diiodotyrosine
Sodium Iodide
Positron-Emission Tomography
An imaging technique using compounds labelled with short-lived positron-emitting radionuclides (such as carbon-11, nitrogen-13, oxygen-15 and fluorine-18) to measure cell metabolism. It has been useful in study of soft tissues such as CANCER; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; and brain. SINGLE-PHOTON EMISSION-COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY is closely related to positron emission tomography, but uses isotopes with longer half-lives and resolution is lower.
Anti-Infective Agents, Local
Brachytherapy
Monoiodotyrosine
Thyroiditis, Autoimmune
Inflammatory disease of the THYROID GLAND due to autoimmune responses leading to lymphocytic infiltration of the gland. It is characterized by the presence of circulating thyroid antigen-specific T-CELLS and thyroid AUTOANTIBODIES. The clinical signs can range from HYPOTHYROIDISM to THYROTOXICOSIS depending on the type of autoimmune thyroiditis.
Vitamin B 12
A cobalt-containing coordination compound produced by intestinal micro-organisms and found also in soil and water. Higher plants do not concentrate vitamin B 12 from the soil and so are a poor source of the substance as compared with animal tissues. INTRINSIC FACTOR is important for the assimilation of vitamin B 12.
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
Organometallic Compounds
Technetium Tc 99m Medronate
Absorption
Autoradiography
Avidin
99mTc-labeled vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor agonist: functional studies. (1/6522)
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a naturally occurring 28-amino acid peptide with a wide range of biological activities. Recent reports suggest that VIP receptors are expressed on a variety of malignant tumor cells and that the receptor density is higher than for somatostatin. Our aims were to label VIP with 99mTc--a generator-produced, inexpensive radionuclide that possesses ideal characteristics for scintigraphic imaging--and to evaluate 99mTc-VIP for bioactivity and its ability to detect experimental tumors. METHODS: VIP28 was modified at the carboxy terminus by the addition of four amino acids that provided an N4 configuration for a strong chelation of 99mTc. To eliminate steric hindrance, 4-aminobutyric acid (Aba) was used as a spacer. VIP28 was labeled with 1251, which served as a control. Biological activity of the modified VIP28 agonist (TP3654) was examined in vitro using a cell-binding assay and an opossum internal anal sphincter (IAS) smooth muscle relaxivity assay. Tissue distribution studies were performed at 4 and 24 h after injection, and receptor-blocking assays were also performed in nude mice bearing human colorectal cancer LS174T. Blood clearance was examined in normal Sprague-Dawley rats. RESULTS: The yield of 99mTc-TP3654 was quantitative, and the yields of 125I-VIP and 1251-TP3654 were >90%. All in vitro data strongly suggested that the biological activity of 99mTc-TP3654 agonist was equivalent to that of VIP28. As the time after injection increased, radioactivity in all tissues decreased, except in the receptor-enriched tumor (P = 0.84) and in the lungs (P = 0.78). The tumor uptake (0.23 percentage injected dose per gram of tissue [%ID/g]) was several-fold higher than 125I-VIP (0.06 %ID/g) at 24 h after injection in the similar system. In mice treated with unlabeled VIP or TP3654, the uptake of 99mTc-TP3654 decreased in all VIP receptor-rich tissues except the kidneys. The blood clearance was biphasic; the alpha half-time was 5 min and the beta half-time was approximately 120 min. CONCLUSION: VIP28 was modified and successfully labeled with 99mTc. The results of all in vitro examinations indicated that the biological activity of TP3654 was equivalent to that of native VIP28 and tumor binding was receptor specific. (+info)Peripheral autoantigen induces regulatory T cells that prevent autoimmunity. (2/6522)
Previous studies have shown that autoimmune thyroiditis can be induced in normal laboratory rats after thymectomy and split dose gamma-irradiation. Development of disease can be prevented by reconstitution of PVG rats shortly after their final irradiation with either peripheral CD4(+)CD45RC- T cells or CD4(+)CD8(-) thymocytes from syngeneic donors. Although the activity of both populations is known to depend on the activities of endogenously produced interleukin 4 and transforming growth factor beta, implying a common mechanism, the issue of antigen specificity of the cells involved has not yet been addressed. In this study, we show that the regulatory T cells that prevent autoimmune thyroiditis are generated in vivo only when the relevant autoantigen is also present. Peripheral CD4(+) T cells, from rats whose thyroids were ablated in utero by treatment with 131I, were unable to prevent disease development upon adoptive transfer into thymectomized and irradiated recipients. This regulatory deficit is specific for thyroid autoimmunity, since CD4(+) T cells from 131I-treated PVG.RT1(u) rats were as effective as those from normal donors at preventing diabetes in thymectomized and irradiated PVG.RT1(u) rats. Significantly, in contrast to the peripheral CD4(+) T cells, CD4(+)CD8(-) thymocytes from 131I-treated PVG donors were still able to prevent thyroiditis upon adoptive transfer. Taken together, these data indicate that it is the peripheral autoantigen itself that stimulates the generation of the appropriate regulatory cells from thymic emigrant precursors. (+info)Proliferative effects of cholecystokinin in GH3 pituitary cells mediated by CCK2 receptors and potentiated by insulin. (3/6522)
1. Proliferative effects of CCK peptides have been examined in rat anterior pituitary GH3 cells, which express CCK2 receptors. 2. CCK-8s, gastrin(1-17) and its glycine-extended precursor G(1-17)-Gly, previously reported to cause proliferation via putative novel sites on AR4-2J and Swiss 3T3 cells, elicited significant dose dependent increases of similar magnitude in [3H]thymidine incorporation over 3 days in serum-free medium of 39 +/- 10% (P < 0.01, n = 20), 37 +/- 8% (P < 0.01, n = 27) and 41 +/- 6% (P < 0.01, n = 36) respectively. 3. CCK-8s and gastrin potentially stimulated mitogenesis (EC50 values 0.12 nM and 3.0 nM respectively), whilst G-Gly displayed similar efficacy but markedly lower potency. L-365,260 consistently blocked each peptide. The CCK2 receptor affinity of G-Gly in GH3 cells was 1.09 microM (1.01;1.17, n = 6) and 5.53 microM (3.71;5.99, n = 4) in guinea-pig cortex. 4. 1 microM G-Gly weakly stimulated Ca2+ increase, eliciting a 104 +/- 21% increase over basal Ca2+ levels, and was blocked by 1 microM L-365,260 whilst CCK-8s (100 nM) produced a much larger Ca2+ response (331 +/- 14%). 5. Insulin dose dependently enhanced proliferative effects of CCK-8s with a maximal leftwards shift of the CCK-8s curve at 100 ng ml(-1) (17 nM) (EC50 decreased 500 fold, from 0.1 nM to 0.2 pM; P < 0.0001). 10 microg ml(-1) insulin was supramaximal reducing the EC50 to 5 pM (P = 0.027) whilst 1 ng ml(-1) insulin was ineffective. Insulin weakly displaced [125I]BHCCK binding to GH3 CCK2 receptors (IC50 3.6 microM). 6. Results are consistent with mediation of G-Gly effects via CCK2 receptors in GH3 cells and reinforce the role of CCK2 receptors in control of cell growth. Effects of insulin in enhancing CCK proliferative potency may suggest that CCK2 and insulin receptors converge on common intracellular targets and indicates that mitogenic stimuli are influenced by the combination of extracellular factors present. (+info)Streptavidin facilitates internalization and pulmonary targeting of an anti-endothelial cell antibody (platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1): a strategy for vascular immunotargeting of drugs. (4/6522)
Conjugation of drugs with antibodies to surface endothelial antigens is a potential strategy for drug delivery to endothelium. We studied antibodies to platelet-endothelial adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1, a stably expressed endothelial antigen) as carriers for vascular immunotargeting. Although 125I-labeled anti-PECAM bound to endothelial cells in culture, the antibody was poorly internalized by the cells and accumulated poorly after intravenous administration in mice and rats. However, conjugation of biotinylated anti-PECAM (b-anti-PECAM) with streptavidin (SA) markedly stimulated uptake and internalization of anti-PECAM by endothelial cells and by cells expressing PECAM. In addition, conjugation with streptavidin markedly stimulated uptake of 125I-labeled b-anti-PECAM in perfused rat lungs and in the lungs of intact animals after either intravenous or intraarterial injection. The antioxidant enzyme catalase conjugated with b-anti-PECAM/SA bound to endothelial cells in culture, entered the cells, escaped intracellular degradation, and protected the cells against H2O2-induced injury. Anti-PECAM/SA/125I-catalase accumulated in the lungs after intravenous injection or in the perfused rat lungs and protected these lungs against H2O2-induced injury. Thus, modification of a poor carrier antibody with biotin and SA provides an approach for facilitation of antibody-mediated drug targeting. Anti-PECAM/SA is a promising candidate for vascular immunotargeting of bioactive drugs. (+info)An endocytic pathway essential for renal uptake and activation of the steroid 25-(OH) vitamin D3. (5/6522)
Steroid hormones may enter cells by diffusion through the plasma membrane. However, we demonstrate here that some steroid hormones are taken up by receptor-mediated endocytosis of steroid-carrier complexes. We show that 25-(OH) vitamin D3 in complex with its plasma carrier, the vitamin D-binding protein, is filtered through the glomerulus and reabsorbed in the proximal tubules by the endocytic receptor megalin. Endocytosis is required to preserve 25-(OH) vitamin D3 and to deliver to the cells the precursor for generation of 1,25-(OH)2 vitamin D3, a regulator of the calcium metabolism. Megalin-/- mice are unable to retrieve the steroid from the glomerular filtrate and develop vitamin D deficiency and bone disease. (+info)Conformational changes in the A3 domain of von Willebrand factor modulate the interaction of the A1 domain with platelet glycoprotein Ib. (6/6522)
Bitiscetin has recently been shown to induce von Willebrand factor (vWF)-dependent aggregation of fixed platelets (Hamako J, et al, Biochem Biophys Res Commun 226:273, 1996). We have purified bitiscetin from Bitis arietans venom and investigated the mechanism whereby it promotes a form of vWF that is reactive with platelets. In the presence of bitiscetin, vWF binds to platelets in a dose-dependent and saturable manner. The binding of vWF to platelets involves glycoprotein (GP) Ib because it was totally blocked by monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 6D1 directed towards the vWF-binding site of GPIb. The binding also involves the GPIb-binding site of vWF located on the A1 domain because it was inhibited by MoAb to vWF whose epitopes are within this domain and that block binding of vWF to platelets induced by ristocetin or botrocetin. However, in contrast to ristocetin or botrocetin, the binding site of bitiscetin does not reside within the A1 domain but within the A3 domain of vWF. Thus, among a series of vWF fragments, 125I-bitiscetin only binds to those that overlap the A3 domain, ie, SpIII (amino acid [aa] 1-1365), SpI (aa 911-1365), and rvWF-A3 domain (aa 920-1111). It does not bind to SpII corresponding to the C-terminal part of vWF subunit (aa 1366-2050) nor to the 39/34/kD dispase species (aa 480-718) or T116 (aa 449-728) overlapping the A1 domain. In addition, bitiscetin that does not bind to DeltaA3-rvWF (deleted between aa 910-1113) has no binding site ouside the A3 domain. The localization of the binding site of bitiscetin within the A3 domain was further supported by showing that MoAb to vWF, which are specific for this domain and block the interaction between vWF and collagen, are potent inhibitors of the binding of bitiscetin to vWF and consequently of the bitiscetin-induced binding of vWF to platelets. Thus, our data support the hypothesis that an interaction between the A1 and A3 domains exists that may play a role in the function of vWF by regulating the ability of the A1 domain to bind to platelet GPIb. (+info)Contribution of extracranial lymphatics and arachnoid villi to the clearance of a CSF tracer in the rat. (7/6522)
The objective of this study was to determine the relative roles of arachnoid villi and cervical lymphatics in the clearance of a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tracer in rats. 125I-labeled human serum albumin (125I-HSA; 100 micrograms) was injected into one lateral ventricle, and an Evans blue dye-rat protein complex was injected intravenously. Arterial blood was sampled for 3 h. Immediately after this, multiple cervical vessels were ligated in the same animals, and plasma recoveries were monitored for a further 3 h after the intracerebroventricular injection of 100 micrograms 131I-HSA. Tracer recovery in plasma at 3 h averaged (%injected dose) 0.697 +/- 0.042 before lymphatic ligation and dropped significantly to 0.357 +/- 0. 060 after ligation. Estimates of the rate constant associated with the transport of the CSF tracer to plasma were also significantly lower after obstruction of cervical lymphatics (from 0.584 +/- 0. 072/h to 0.217 +/- 0.056/h). No significant changes were observed in sham-operated animals. Assuming that the movement of the CSF tracer to plasma in lymph-ligated animals was a result of arachnoid villi clearance, we conclude that arachnoid villi and extracranial lymphatic pathways contributed equally to the clearance of the CSF tracer from the cranial vault. (+info)Bioavailability and toxicity after oral administration of m-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG). (8/6522)
meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) radiolabelled with iodine-131 is used for diagnosis and treatment of neuroadrenergic neoplasms such as phaeochromocytoma and neuroblastoma. In addition, non-radiolabelled MIBG, administered i.v., is used in several clinical studies. These include palliation of the carcinoid syndrome, in which MIBG proved to be effective in 60% of the patients. Oral MIBG administration might be convenient to maintain palliation and possibly improve the percentage of responders. We have, therefore, investigated the feasibility of oral administration of MIBG in an animal model. Orally administered MIBG demonstrated a bioavailability of 59%, with a maximal tolerated dose of 60 mg kg(-1). The first and only toxicity encountered was a decrease in renal function, measured by a reduced clearance of [51Cr]EDTA and accompanied by histological tubular damage. Repeated MIBG administration of 40 mg kg(-1) for 5 sequential days or of 20 mg kg(-1) for two courses of 5 sequential days with a 2-day interval did not affect renal clearance and was not accompanied by histological abnormalities in kidney, stomach, intestines, liver, heart, lungs, thymus, salivary glands and testes. Because of a sufficient bioavailability in absence of gastrointestinal toxicity, MIBG is considered suitable for further clinical investigation of repeated oral administration in patients. (+info)
Vol 6 Issue 5 p.8-9 | American Thyroid Association
Radioactive iodine therapy for feline hyperthyroidism in Fairfax, VA | VCA SouthPaws Veterinary Specialists & Emergency Center
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Radioactive iodine treatment is so successful at treating hyperthyroidism
Radioiodine therapy is recognized as the most effective treatment of differentiated
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Environmental radioactivity
... which suggests that seaweed is an iodine hyperaccumulator. Synthetic radioisotopes also can be detected in silt. Busby[citation ... Some of these radioisotopes are tritium, carbon-14 and phosphorus-32. Here is a list of radioisotopes formed by the action of ... This radioisotope can be released from the nuclear fuel cycle; this is the radioisotope responsible for the majority of the ... In addition some natural radioisotopes are present. A recent paper reports the levels of long-lived radioisotopes in the ...
Scintigraphy
Radioisotope renography. *Sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy. *Radioactive iodine uptake test. *Bone scintigraphy. * ... Main article: Radioactive iodine uptake test. To detect metastases/function of thyroid, the isotopes iodine-131 or technetium- ... Main article: Radioisotope renography. Full body[edit]. Examples are gallium scans, indium white blood cell scans, iobenguane ... Certain tests, such as the Schilling test and urea breath test, use radioisotopes but are not used to produce a specific image ...
Scintigraphy
Radioisotope renography. *Sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy. *Radioactive iodine uptake test. *Bone scintigraphy. * ... Main article: Radioactive iodine uptake test. To detect metastases/function of thyroid, the isotopes technetium-99m or iodine- ... Mandel SJ, Shankar LK, Benard F, Yamamoto A, Alavi A (January 2001). "Superiority of iodine-123 compared with iodine-131 ... Main article: Radioisotope renography. Full body[edit]. Examples are gallium scans, indium white blood cell scans, iobenguane ...
3F8
For imaging neuroblastoma, it is labelled with one of the radioisotopes iodine-124 and iodine-131. Monoclonal antibody therapy ... "Radioimmunodetection of neuroblastoma with iodine-131-3F8: correlation with biopsy, iodine-131-metaiodobenzylguanidine and ...
William Freer Bale
Mann, W.; Bale, W. F. (1949). "The distribution in rabbit tissues of intravenously injected iodine as shown by the radioisotope ... UR-637 UR Rep, 86(), 1-22 R. W. Helmkamp, M. A. Contreras, W. F. Bale, THE DETERMINATION OF TOTAL IODINE IN I-131-IODIDE ... Helmkamp, R. W.; Contreras, M. A.; Bale, W. F. (1967). "I-131-labeling of proteins by the iodine monochloride method". Int J ... McCardle, R. J.; Harper, P. V.; Spar, I. L.; Bale, W. F.; Andros, G.; Jiminez, F. (1966). "Studies with iodine-131-labeled ...
Manhattan Project
Most of the orders were for iodine-131 and phosphorus-32, which were used in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. In addition ... Starting in mid-1946, Oak Ridge began distributing radioisotopes to hospitals and universities. ... which used the short-lived radioisotope lanthanum-140, a potent source of gamma radiation. The gamma ray source was placed in ...
Chernobyl necklace
Because of this function, radioisotopes of iodine are concentrated in the thyroid gland along with nonradioactive iodine. In ... Iodine is required by higher animals to synthesize thyroid hormones, which contain the element. ... the case of a nuclear accident, the radioactive iodine-131 (131I), which has a high fission product yield, is released into the ...
Period 5 element
... radioisotopes of iodine are concentrated in the thyroid gland along with nonradioactive iodine. The radioisotope iodine-131, ... Iodine has only one stable isotope. A number of iodine radioisotopes are also used in medical applications. Iodine is found on ... Iodine deficiency affects about two billion people and is the leading preventable cause of intellectual disabilities. Iodine is ... The name is from Greek ἰοειδής ioeidēs, meaning violet or purple, due to the color of elemental iodine vapor. Iodine and its ...
Extinct radionuclide
Uranium-236 is produced in uranium ores by neutrons from other radioisotopes. Iodine-129 is produced from tellurium-130 by ... Radioisotopes with half-lives shorter than one million years are also produced: for example, carbon-14 by cosmic ray production ... Short-lived radioisotopes that are found in nature are continuously generated or replenished by natural processes, such as ... Examples of extinct radionuclides include iodine-129 (the first to be noted in 1960, inferred from excess xenon-129 ...
Environmental impact of nuclear power
The health impact of each radioisotope depends on a variety of factors. Iodine-131 is potentially an important source of ... When iodine-131 is released, it can be inhaled or consumed after it enters the food chain, primarily through contaminated ... Iodine-131 in the body rapidly accumulates in the thyroid gland, becoming a source of beta radiation. The 2011 Fukushima ... The accident released about 80 curies (3.0 TBq) of iodine-131, which was not considered significant due to its location in a ...
Radioactive tracer
Radioisotopes of hydrogen, carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, and iodine have been used extensively to trace the path of biochemical ... 99mTc is a very versatile radioisotope, and is the most commonly used radioisotope tracer in medicine. It is easy to produce in ... According to the NRC, some of the most commonly used tracers include antimony-124, bromine-82, iodine-125, iodine-131, iridium- ... The commonly used radioisotopes have short half lives and so do not occur in nature. They are produced by nuclear reactions. ...
Marshall Brucer
Brucer told a conference that the use of radio-isotopes of iodine, gold and phosphorus was becoming increasingly commonplace. ... He said that shipments of radioactive drugs from Oak Ridge numbered 50,000 units of radio-iodine, 50,000 units of radio-gold ... They were given atomic "cocktails" to drink and injections of radio-isotopes, and became temporarily radioactive. While not ... and was acting as an editor of the International Journal of Applied Radiation and Radioisotopes. In 1967, Brucer was appointed ...
Radioactive nanoparticle
Technetium-99m, indium-111, and iodine-131 are common radioisotopes used for these purposes, with many others used as well. ... as a platform for combining multiple copies of targeting vectors and effectors in order to selectively deliver radioisotopes to ...
Nuclear chemistry
3H (tritium), the radioisotope of hydrogen, is available at very high specific activities, and compounds with this isotope in ... Similarly, the release of iodine-131 in a serious power reactor accident could be retarded by absorption on metal surfaces ... A short review of the biochemical properties of a series of key long lived radioisotopes can be read on line. 99Tc in nuclear ... Some early evidence for nuclear fission was the formation of a short-lived radioisotope of barium which was isolated from ...
McMaster Nuclear Reactor
The MNR also produces half of the world's supply of iodine-125, a radioisotope that is used to treat various types of cancer. ... Commercial activities include radioisotope production and neutron radiography. The facilities also include a Hot Cell and high- ... During the 2009 shutdown of the Chalk River reactor, however, the university increased production of iodine-125 by 20% and ... activity cobalt source and high level radioisotope laboratories. Researchers using MNR are based at McMaster as well as other ...
Green Run
Radioisotopes released at that time were supposed to be detected by U.S. Air Force reconnaissance. Freedom of Information Act ( ... Sources cite 5,500 to 12,000 curies (200 to 440 TBq) of iodine-131 released, and an even greater amount of xenon-133. The ... Evidence suggests that filters to remove the iodine were disabled during the Green Run. Health Physicist Carl C. Gamertsfelder ...
Saul Hertz
Human application of the iodine radioisotopes required a more suitable radioisotope of iodine. In 1938, Glenn Seaborg and John ... Roberts also devised a Geiger-Müller detector for quantifying the amount of the radioisotope of iodine present in the ... "Radioactive iodine as an indicator in thyroid physiology, IV: the metabolism of iodine in Graves' disease. Hertz and Roberts ... "Radioactive iodine as an indicator in thyroid physiology, II: iodine collection by normal and hyperplastic thyroids in rabbits ...
Gabriella Morreale de Escobar
... to perform post-doctoral research on thyroid hormone metabolism using radioisotopes of iodine. They returned to Spain in 1958 ... Her doctoral thesis showed that the incidence of endemic goitre in the Alpujarras region was closely linked to iodine ... in Spain and her research led to the introduction of iodised salt in Spain to prevent endemic goitre caused by iodine ... for congenital hypothyroidism in Spain and helped to introduce iodised salt to prevent thyroid problems caused by iodine ...
History of radiation therapy
... though technically all radioisotopes of iodine are radioiodines; see isotopes of iodine). Pusey 1900, p. 302 Kassabian 1907, p ... and some types of thyroid cancer that absorb iodine. Treatment involves the important iodine isotope iodine-131 (131I), often ... Inhalation of iodine alone had been an experimental treatment for tuberculosis in France between 1830 and 1870. Widespread ... "Iodine treatment apparatus for tuberculosis, France,1830-1870". "Pioneer in X-Ray Therapy". Science. New Series. 125 (3236): 18 ...
Radioactivity in the life sciences
Iodine[edit]. Iodine-125 is commonly used for labeling proteins, usually at tyrosine residues. Unbound iodine is volatile and ... The decay of radioisotopes may limit the shelf life of a reagent, requiring its replacement and thus increasing expenses. ... Replacing an atom with its own radioisotope is an intrinsic label that does not alter the structure of the molecule. ... It has the highest emission energy (1.7 MeV) of all common research radioisotopes. This is a major advantage in experiments for ...
List of civilian radiation accidents
A gaseous leak of a radioisotope of iodine, 131I, was detected at a large medical radioisotope laboratory, Institut national ... IAEA NEWS database: Iodine-131 release in the environment Archived 2011-06-04 at the Wayback Machine Safety Investigation of CT ... A radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG) located on the Arctic shore was discovered in a highly degraded state. The ... Two radioisotope thermoelectric generators were dropped 50 meters onto the tundra at Zemlya Bunge island during an airlift when ...
William Henry Beierwaltes
Beierwaltes building on the established work of Dr.Saul Hertz, developed innovations in the use of iodine-131 and in surgery in ... He spent his career seeking methods to identify and treat cancer using radioisotopes. Early in his career, he established a ... Beierwaltes was one of five doctors present at the first course teaching doctors how to use radioactive iodine for medical ... He was named in 1952 as head of the Clinical Radioisotope Service at the University of Michigan. Beierwaltes wrote Clinical Use ...
McMaster University
... and medical radioisotope production; including 60 per cent of the world's supply of iodine-125, an isotope used in nuclear ...
X-10 Graphite Reactor
Subsequent shipments of radioisotopes, primarily iodine-131, phosphorus-32, carbon-14, and molybdenum-99/technetium-99m, were ... A radioisotope building, a steam plant, and other structures were added in April 1946 to support the laboratory's peacetime ... "Peacetime use of radioisotopes at Oak Ridge cited as Chemical Landmark". American Chemical Society. February 25, 2008. ... Creager, Angela N. H. (2013). Life Atomic: A History of Radioisotopes in Science and Medicine. University of Chicago Press. ...
Medical imaging
In SPECT imaging, the patient is injected with a radioisotope, most commonly Thallium 201TI, Technetium 99mTC, Iodine 123I, and ... Contrast media, such as barium, iodine, and air are used to visualize internal organs as they work. Fluoroscopy is also used in ... Scintigraphy ("scint") is a form of diagnostic test wherein radioisotopes are taken internally, for example, intravenously or ...
Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster casualties
Radioactive iodine, which can lead to increased risk of thyroid cancer if absorbed into the body, was released into the air ... as it prevents the absorption of the potentially dangerous radioisotopes of that element. Since Chernobyl, distributing ... To counteract the radioactive iodine the distribution of potassium iodide is used, ...
Charles Pecher
It was the third medical radioisotope, after phosphorus-32 and iodine-131 introduced respectively by John H. Lawrence and ... Hamilton, Joseph G.; Soley, Mayo H. (1939). "Studies In Iodine Metabolism by the Use of a New Radioactive Isotope of Iodine". ... For this reason, the metabolism of calcium attracted very early the interest of physicians looking for applying radioisotopes ... where he produced radioisotopes in the cyclotron under the supervision of John H. Lawrence and used them as radioactive tracers ...
Commonly used gamma-emitting isotopes
However, since iodine is a component of biological molecules such as thyroid hormones, iodine-131 is of great importance in ... With a short half-life of 8 days, this radioisotope is not of practical use in radioactive sources in industrial radiography or ... Because both radium and radon are very radiotoxic and very expensive due to their natural rarity, these natural radioisotopes ... Iodine-131 is another important gamma-emitting radionuclide produced as a fission product. ...
Radiopharmacology
The term radioisotope, which in its general sense refers to any radioactive isotope (radionuclide), has historically been used ... Some radioisotopes (for example gallium-67, gallium-68, and radioiodine) are used directly as soluble ionic salts, without ... The United States Pharmacopeia (USP) name gives the base drug name, followed by the radioisotope (as element symbol, space, ... The International Nonproprietary Name (INN) gives the base drug name, followed by the radioisotope (as atomic weight, no space ...
Radiation therapy
A major use of systemic radioisotope therapy is in the treatment of bone metastasis from cancer. The radioisotopes travel ... In 2003, the FDA approved the tositumomab/iodine (131I) tositumomab regimen (Bexxar), which is a combination of an iodine-131 ... Targeting can also be achieved by attaching the radioisotope to another molecule or antibody to guide it to the target tissue. ... The radioisotopes are delivered through infusion (into the bloodstream) or ingestion. Examples are the infusion of ...
Radiography
Radioisotope renography. *Sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy. *Radioactive iodine uptake test. *Bone scintigraphy. * ... An iodine-based contrast is injected into the bloodstream and watched as it travels around. Since liquid blood and the vessels ... are not very dense, a contrast with high density (like the large iodine atoms) is used to view the vessels under X-ray. ...
Alkali metal
Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium ... Radioisotopes of caesium require special precautions: the improper handling of caesium-137 gamma ray sources can lead to ... All of the alkali metals except lithium and caesium have at least one naturally occurring radioisotope: sodium-22 and sodium-24 ... Together with caesium-134, iodine-131, and strontium-90, caesium-137 was among the isotopes distributed by the Chernobyl ...
Computed tomography laser mammography
Radioisotope renography. *Sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy. *Radioactive iodine uptake test. *Bone scintigraphy. * ...
超声造影成像 - 维基百科,自由的百科
Radioisotope renography(英语:Radioisotope renography). *Sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy(英语:Sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy) ... Radioactive iodine uptake test(英语:Radioactive iodine uptake test). *Bone scintigraphy(英语:Bone scintigraphy) ...
Ytterbium
Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium ... 27 radioisotopes have been observed, with the most stable ones being 169Yb with a half-life of 32.0 days, 175Yb with a half- ... Ytterbium forms both dihalides and trihalides with the halogens fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine. The dihalides are ...
Timeline of chemical element discoveries
Iodine 1811 B. Courtois 1811 B. Courtois Courtois discovered it in the ashes of seaweed.[79] ... Marinsky, J. A.; Glendenin, L. E.; Coryell, C. D. (1947). "The chemical identification of radioisotopes of neodymium and of ...
Cholescintigraphy
Radioisotope renography. *Sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy. *Radioactive iodine uptake test. *Bone scintigraphy. * ...
Index of chemistry articles
Iodine Ion Ionic bond ionization potential Irène Joliot-Curie Iridium iron Iron (III) oxide Irving Langmuir isocyanate Isomer ... radioisotope Radium Radon Radon fluoride Raman spectroscopy Raoult's law Redox Reduction Reflux Reversible reaction Rhazes ... Svante Arrhenius Syenite Sylvite synthetic radioisotope systematic element name Tabun Talc Talcum Tantalite Tantalum Tanzanite ...
Iodine-131
Isotopes of iodine Complete table of nuclides. Iodine-131 (131I, I-131) is an important radioisotope of iodine discovered by ... other less-damaging radioisotopes of iodine such as iodine-123 (see isotopes of iodine) are preferred in situations when only ... where the low-energy gamma radiation without a beta component makes iodine-125 useful. The other radioisotopes of iodine are ... heating to drive off the volatile iodine). By contrast, other iodine radioisotopes are usually created by far more expensive ...
Germanium
Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium ... While most of germanium's radioisotopes decay by beta decay, 61. Ge. and 64. Ge. decay by β+. delayed proton emission.[46] 84. ... At least 27 radioisotopes have also been synthesized, ranging in atomic mass from 58 to 89. The most stable of these is 68. Ge ...
Retrograde urethrogram
Radioisotope renography. *Sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy. *Radioactive iodine uptake test. *Bone scintigraphy. * ...
Confocal microscopy
Radioisotope renography. *Sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy. *Radioactive iodine uptake test. *Bone scintigraphy. * ...
اکسیژن - ویکیپدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium ... Fourteen radioisotopes have been characterized. The most stable are 15O with a half-life of 122.24 seconds and 14O with a half- ...
Three Mile Island accident
According to the Rogovin report, the vast majority of the radioisotopes released were the noble gases xenon and krypton. The ... In total approximately 2.5 megacuries (93 PBq) of radioactive gases, and approximately 15 curies (560 GBq) of iodine-131 was ... increased levels of iodine-131 and cesium-137 would have been expected to be detected in cattle and goat's milk samples. Yet ... of thyroid cancer-causing iodine-131 were released.[47] Total releases according to these figures were a relatively small ...
Oxygen
Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium ... Fourteen radioisotopes have been characterized. The most stable are 15O with a half-life of 122.24 seconds and 14O with a half- ...
Single-photon emission computed tomography
iodine-123 or iodine-131. 159. 13 hours or 8 days. MIBG. 400. 360. 60. 64 x 64. 30 ... Radioisotope. Emission energy (keV). Half-life. Radiopharmaceutical. Activity (MBq). Rotation (degrees). Projections. Image ... On occasion, the radioisotope is a simple soluble dissolved ion, such as an isotope of gallium(III). Most of the time, though, ... SPECT is more widely available, because the radioisotope used is longer-lasting and far less expensive in SPECT, and the gamma ...
Upper gastrointestinal series
Radioisotope renography. *Sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy. *Radioactive iodine uptake test. *Bone scintigraphy. * ...
Thorium
Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium ... Thirty radioisotopes have been characterised, which range in mass number from 209[22] to 238.[20] After 232Th, the most stable ... All of these isotopes occur in nature as trace radioisotopes due to their presence in the decay chains of 232Th, 235U, 238U, ... These rely on the fact that 232Th is a primordial radioisotope, but 230Th only occurs as an intermediate decay product in the ...
Silver
Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium ... Twenty-eight radioisotopes have been characterized, the most stable being 105Ag with a half-life of 41.29 days, 111Ag with a ...
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Radioisotope renography. *Sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy. *Radioactive iodine uptake test. *Bone scintigraphy. * ...
Chromium
Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium ... 19 radioisotopes have been characterized, with the most stable being 50Cr with a half-life of (more than) 1.8×1017 years, and ... IN: Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Chromium, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum ...
Thallium
Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium ... 204Tl is the most stable radioisotope, with a half-life of 3.78 years.[12] It is made by the neutron activation of stable ... The radioisotope thallium-201 (as the soluble chloride TlCl) is used in small, nontoxic amounts as an agent in a nuclear ... "Manual for reactor produced radioisotopes" (PDF). International Atomic Energy Agency. 2003. Retrieved 2010-05-13.. ...
Unsealed source radiotherapy
Most of the iodine not taken up by thyroid tissue is excreted through the kidneys into the urine. After radioiodine treatment ... Generator Performance and Evolving Therapeutic Applications of Two Generator-Derived Alpha-Emitting Radioisotopes". Current ... Iodine-131 (131I) is the most common RNT worldwide and uses the simple compound sodium iodide with a radioactive isotope of ... Iodine-131 produces beta and gamma radiation. The beta radiation released damages both normal thyroid tissue and any thyroid ...
Radiation therapy
A major use of systemic radioisotope therapy is in the treatment of bone metastasis from cancer. The radioisotopes travel ... the FDA approved the tositumomab/iodine (131I) tositumomab regimen (Bexxar), which is a combination of an iodine-131 labelled ... systemic radioisotope therapy or unsealed source radiotherapy.. The differences relate to the position of the radiation source ... The radioisotopes are delivered through infusion (into the bloodstream) or ingestion. Examples are the infusion of ...
Hydrogen
Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium ... is also sometimes considered as a light radioisotope of hydrogen, due to the mass difference between the antimuon and the ... sulfur-iodine cycle, copper-chlorine cycle and hybrid sulfur cycle are under research and in testing phase to produce hydrogen ...
Thulium
Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium ... The longest-lived radioisotopes are thulium-171, which has a half-life of 1.92 years, and thulium-170, which has a half-life of ...
Rubidium
Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium ... allowing the use of radioisotope rubidium-82 in nuclear medicine to locate and image brain tumors.[50] Rubidium-82 has a very ...
Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster casualties
Radioactive iodine, which can lead to increased risk of thyroid cancer if absorbed into the body, was released into the air ... as it prevents the absorption of the potentially dangerous radioisotopes of that element. Since Chernobyl, distributing ... To counteract the radioactive iodine the distribution of potassium iodide is used, ...
Iodine Radioisotopes - MeSH - NCBI
Radioisotopes, Iodine. All MeSH CategoriesChemicals and Drugs CategoryInorganic ChemicalsElementsHalogensIodineIodine Isotopes ... Iodine Radioisotopes. All MeSH CategoriesChemicals and Drugs CategoryInorganic ChemicalsIsotopesIodine IsotopesIodine ... All MeSH CategoriesChemicals and Drugs CategoryInorganic ChemicalsIsotopesRadioisotopesIodine Radioisotopes ... Iodine Radioisotopes. Unstable isotopes of iodine that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. I atoms with atomic weights ...
CDC Radiation Emergencies | Radioisotope Brief: Iodine-131 (I-131)
The thyroid gland uses iodine to produce thyroid hormones and cannot distinguish between radioactive iodine and stable ( ... In addition, if dairy animals consume grass contaminated with I-131, the radioactive iodine will be incorporated into their ... nonradioactive) iodine. If I-131 were released into the atmosphere, people could ingest it in food products or water, or ... www.epa.gov/rpdweb00/radionuclides/iodine.htmlexternal icon. ... Iodine-131 (I-131)plus icon *Radioisotope Brief. *Toxicology ...
Iodine-Rich Polymersomes Enable Versatile SPECT/CT Imaging and Potent Radioisotope Therapy for Tumor in Vivo. - PubMed - NCBI
Iodine-Rich Polymersomes Enable Versatile SPECT/CT Imaging and Potent Radioisotope Therapy for Tumor in Vivo.. Cao J, Wei Y, ... Here, we report that iodine-rich polymersomes (I-PS) enable versatile single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/ ... I-PS emerges as a robust and versatile platform for dual-modal imaging and targeted radioisotope therapy. ... computed tomography (CT) dual-modal imaging and potent radioisotope therapy for breast cancer in vivo. Interestingly, I-PS ...
The Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry of the Radioisotopes of Iodine | Springer for Research & Development
Radioisotopes of iodine have been incorporated into a wide variety of radiopharmaceuticals ranging from small, low molecular ... Radioisotopes of iodine have been incorporated into a wide variety of radiopharmaceuticals ranging from small, low molecular ... Because of the routine availability of radioisotopes of iodine with different nuclear decay properties, radioiodination is an ... Vaidyanathan G., Zalutsky M.R. (2019) The Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry of the Radioisotopes of Iodine. In: Lewis J., Windhorst ...
Effects of Radiolabeling Monoclonal Antibodies with a Residualizing Iodine Radiolabel on the Accretion of Radioisotope in...
Effects of Radiolabeling Monoclonal Antibodies with a Residualizing Iodine Radiolabel on the Accretion of Radioisotope in ... Effects of Radiolabeling Monoclonal Antibodies with a Residualizing Iodine Radiolabel on the Accretion of Radioisotope in ... Effects of Radiolabeling Monoclonal Antibodies with a Residualizing Iodine Radiolabel on the Accretion of Radioisotope in ... Effects of Radiolabeling Monoclonal Antibodies with a Residualizing Iodine Radiolabel on the Accretion of Radioisotope in ...
Iodine Radioisotopes | Profiles RNS
"Iodine Radioisotopes" by people in this website by year, and whether "Iodine Radioisotopes" was a major or minor topic of these ... "Iodine Radioisotopes" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Iodine Radioisotopes" by people in Profiles. ... Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Iodine Radioisotopes". ...
Avoid Coffee Before Undergoing PET/ CT scans
Iodine Deficiency Disorder Radioisotope Scan Caffeine and Decaffeination Coffee Coffee, Caffeine and Your Health Top Health ... Iodine Deficiency Disorder. To control IDD, the National Goiter Control Program (NGCP) was launched which was later renamed as ... Radioisotope Scan Encyclopedia section of medindia gives general info about Nuclear Medicine ...
Some recent developments in the application of radioisotope techniques in Australia; Progres recents dans l'application des...
A study of the flow pattern of water in a power-station cooling pond was made, using iodine-131 as tracer. The flow of the ... Radioisotopes in the Physical Sciences and Industry. Proceedings of the Conference on the Use of Radioisotopes in the Physical ... A study of the flow pattern of water in a power-station cooling pond was made, using iodine-131 as tracer. The flow of the ... ETDEWEB / Search Results / Some recent developments in the application of radioisotope techniques in Australia; Progres recents ...
Iodine-131 - Wikipedia
Isotopes of iodine Complete table of nuclides. Iodine-131 (131I, I-131) is an important radioisotope of iodine discovered by ... other less-damaging radioisotopes of iodine such as iodine-123 (see isotopes of iodine) are preferred in situations when only ... where the low-energy gamma radiation without a beta component makes iodine-125 useful. The other radioisotopes of iodine are ... heating to drive off the volatile iodine). By contrast, other iodine radioisotopes are usually created by far more expensive ...
Upper Limits of the Fission Cross-Sections of Lead and Bismuth for Li-D Neutrons (Miscellaneous) | ETDEWEB
CDC Radiation Emergencies | Iodine-131 (I-131)
Method for Production of Radioisotope Preparations and Their Use in Life Science, Research, Medical Application and Industry -...
... relates to an universal method for the large scale production of high-purity carrier free or non carrier added radioisotopes by ... Similar results are obtained for the iodine isotopes. However, I is not completely released and observed production rates at ... The radioisotopes produced by the method of the present invention are preferably used for producing radioisotope-labelled ... The radioisotopes produced by the inventive method are especially suitable for producing radioisotope-labelled bioconjugates as ...
Iodine-125 - Wikipedia
As with other radioisotopes of iodine, accidental iodine-125 uptake in the body (mostly by the thyroid gland) can be blocked by ... Isotopes of iodine Iodine-123 Iodine-129 Iodine-131 Iodine in biology "Radionuclide half-life measurements data". NIST. 6 ... Iodine-125 (125I) is a radioisotope of iodine which has uses in biological assays, nuclear medicine imaging and in radiation ... It is the second longest-lived radioisotope of iodine, after iodine-129. Its half-life is 59.49 days and it decays by electron ...
Iodine - Wikipedia
Excited states of iodine-127 and iodine-129 are often used in Mössbauer spectroscopy. The other iodine radioisotopes have much ... Tincture of iodine: iodine in ethanol, or iodine and sodium iodide in a mixture of ethanol and water. Lugols iodine: iodine ... Unlike tincture of iodine, Lugols iodine has a minimised amount of the free iodine (I2) component. Povidone iodine (an ... for iodine monochloride. Iodine monochloride and iodine monobromide may be prepared simply by reacting iodine with chlorine or ...
Nuke Pro: Lies Of Nuclear -- Nuke Propaganda Debunked, There IS NOT Any Significant Natural Radio-Isotopes Like Iodine 131 and...
Lies Of Nuclear -- Nuke Propaganda Debunked, There IS NOT Any Significant Natural Radio-Isotopes Like Iodine 131 and Cesium 137 ... In July and August of 2015, Japan measured significant amount of Iodine 131 in sewage.. Since Iodine 131 has a fast half life ... So measuring Iodine 131 now, indicates that there is on-going fission at Fukushima. Note this is also before Sendai was ... Compare that to 49 Bq/kG of Iodine 131 measured in Japan. That is. 25,711,281,588 Times larger than "Natural". ...
Continual expression of Rab5(Q79L) causes a ligand-independent EGFR internalization and diminishes EGFR activity
Selective use of radioactive iodine in the postoperative management of patients with papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma
ASTM International - Standard References for ASTM D4785 - 08(2013)e1
All radioisotopes articles | Chemistry World
Honeycomb spheres trap harmful iodine gas 2016-07-13T00:00:00Z Specially designed polymers could help clean up radioactive ... Russia denies involvement in leak of radioisotope detected over Europe 2017-11-23T14:57:00Z ... Life atomic: a history of radioisotopes in science and medicine 2014-04-03T00:00:00Z ...
Summary of International Energy Research and Development Activities 1974-1976 - 1st Edition
Cesium Radioisotopes
Summary Report | CureHunter
Cesium Radioisotopes: Unstable isotopes of cesium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Cs atoms with atomic weights ... and the pathological process in a thyroid gland implemented in persons exposed to 131I in their childhood and living in iodine- ... Cesium Radioisotopes. Subscribe to New Research on Cesium Radioisotopes Unstable isotopes of cesium that decay or disintegrate ... 01/01/2004 - "It was shown that the chromosome instability and sensitivity to cesium radioisotopes increased ...
Radioisotopes in Medicine | Nuclear Medicine - World Nuclear Association
Tens of millions of nuclear medicine procedures are performed each year, and demand for radioisotopes is increasing rapidly ... the use of radioisotopes for diagnostics, radiation therapy, radiopharmaceuticals and other beneficial medical uses of nuclear ... Iodine-124 (4.2 d):. Tracer, with longer life than F-18, one-quarter of decays are positron emission so used with PET. Also ... The global radioisotope market was valued at $9.6 billion in 2016, with medical radioisotopes accounting for about 80% of this ...
Diagnostic whole-body scanning before radioiodine therapy for pulmonary metastases of differentiated thyroid cancer: predictive...
Inhibitory effect of anoxia on 125I-insulin binding by rat hepatocytes.
Chlorhexidine Gluconate Versus Povidone-Iodine as Vaginal Preparation Antiseptics Prior to Cesarean Delivery
... chlorhexidine gluconate antiseptic vaginal preparation is superior to povidone-iodine vaginal preparati... ... Iodine Radioisotopes. Unstable isotopes of iodine that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. I atoms with atomic weights ... Iodine Isotopes. Stable iodine atoms that have the same atomic number as the element iodine, but differ in atomic weight. I-127 ... Povidone-iodine. An iodinated polyvinyl polymer used as topical antiseptic in surgery and for skin and mucous membrane ...
Iodine Chemistry and Applications | Organic Chemistry | Chemistry | Subjects | Wiley
... and Radioisotopes • Features hot topics in the field, such as hypervalent iodine-mediated cross coupling reactions, ... 7 H ypervalent Iodine 103. Toshifumi Dohi and Yasuyuki Kita. 8 Iodine and Halogen Bonding 159. Giancarlo Terraneo, Giuseppe ... 12 Iodine Production from Oilfield Brine 221. Stanley T. Krukowski. 13 Iodine Production from Natural Gas Brine 231. Nobuyuki ... 2 Physical Properties of Iodine 9. Tatsuo Kaiho. 3 A nalytical Methods for Iodine and Iodides 15. Hirofumi Kanoh and Takehisa ...
Dating of Long-lived Iodine Radioisotope (129I) in Pore Waters from Shallow Gas Hydrate Deposits in the Okhotsk Sea and Japan...
MEDLINE - Resultado p gina 1
Index to the US Patent Classification
Recent Advances in Radiation Therapy - American Family Physician
Systemically administered radioisotopes target tumor cells. Iodine-131 for thyroid cancer; strontium-89 and samarium-153 for ... Systemically administered radioisotopes target tumor cells. Iodine-131 for thyroid cancer; strontium-89 and samarium-153 for ... Because thyroid tissue naturally concentrates iodine, iodine-131 may be given orally to treat localized and metastatic thyroid ... Similarly, the radioisotopes strontium-89 and samarium-153, which have affinity for bone, have been used to palliate painful ...
RadiationUptakeRadioactive isotopesIsotopeTherapeuticTincture of iodTumor cellsStableAntibodiesPOVIDONE-IODINEDecayAtomsBeta-emitterTechnetium-99UnstableAntithyroid drugsHyperthyroidismIRRADIATIONSubstancesElementalRadiotherapyMIBGTherapyTreat thyroid diseaseAccumulatesIodideRadioiodineProcDiagnosticAntisepticTissuesRadiopharmaceuticalSynthesisChemistryCommonlyNonmetallicMetabolismImaging of the thyroidVaporTumoursDeficiencyGroundwaterNaturallyFukushimaMethodsNuclear medicineNanoparticlesChromiumCompoundsAffinityPolymersAntibodyDiagnosisIAEAThyroid cells
Radiation27
- Unstable isotopes of iodine that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. (nih.gov)
- Iodine-131 can be "seen" by nuclear medicine imaging techniques (i.e., gamma cameras ) whenever it is given for therapeutic use, since about 10% of its energy and radiation dose is via gamma radiation. (wikipedia.org)
- However, since the other 90% of radiation (beta radiation) causes tissue damage without contributing to any ability to see or "image" the isotope, other less-damaging radioisotopes of iodine such as iodine-123 (see isotopes of iodine ) are preferred in situations when only nuclear imaging is required. (wikipedia.org)
- By contrast, other iodine radioisotopes are usually created by far more expensive techniques, starting with cyclotron radiation of capsules of pressurized xenon gas. (wikipedia.org)
- Iodine-125 (125I) is a radioisotope of iodine which has uses in biological assays, nuclear medicine imaging and in radiation therapy as brachytherapy to treat a number of conditions, including prostate cancer, uveal melanomas, and brain tumors. (wikipedia.org)
- Iodine-125 can be used in scanning/imaging the thyroid, but iodine-123 is preferred for this purpose, due to better radiation penetration and shorter half-life (13 hours). (wikipedia.org)
- There is widespread awareness of the use of radiation and radioisotopes in medicine, particularly for diagnosis (identification) and therapy (treatment) of various medical conditions. (world-nuclear.org)
- In this case, CT and PET scanning, which use other radioisotopes, can serve as alternative diagnostic methods, but these procedures have drawbacks ranging from increased cost and greater radiation burden to lower image quality. (the-scientist.com)
- Iodine-125 is a radioisotope of iodine which has uses in biological assays and in radiation therapy to treat prostate cancer and brain tumors . (wikidoc.org)
- 1992). The use of radioisotopes is unique in that it provides a method for measuring biochemical processes in vivo, especially in cases in which the process is easily saturated, since radiation makes it possible to detect and localize quantities as small as only a few thousand radiolabeled molecules. (nap.edu)
- There is some exposure to radiation from the radioisotope. (medlineplus.gov)
- The radiation from this radioisotope is higher than from many others. (medlineplus.gov)
- The radioactive material includes at least first and second radioisotopes having at least first and second respective decay profiles that together provide a temporal radiation profile that is different from the first and second decay profiles. (google.com)
- The in vivo measurement of these radioisotopes within the body is performed with various radiation detectors and associated electronic devices that are collectively known as in vivo thyroid monitors or whole body counters, depending on the body site of interest. (cdc.gov)
- An improved radiation dense container for transporting radioactive iodine and the like, including a cup-shaped base having a cavity with an opening that is sized to receive radioactive iodine in the form of either one or more iodine capsules or a vial of iodine solution. (google.com)
- The present invention generally relates to shielded containers for the handling of radioactive materials and, more particularly, to radiation dense shields allowing improved handling of radioactive iodine and the like used in the health care industry. (google.com)
- Iodine-131 is used to treat hypo-thyroidism since it is preferentially absorbed by the thyroid and typically involves a total radiation dosage of 10,000,000 millirem. (jiskha.com)
- Because the radiation from this radioisotope is fairly high compared to most other radioisotopes, some precautions may be necessary for a few days after the test. (uclahealth.org)
- Other isotopes, called a radioisotope , are isotopes that emits radiation that can be detected to track the movement of the isotope through a system such as a patient's body. (coursehero.com)
- By preparing ATP with phosphorus-32, a radioisotope of phosphorus, scientists can track the movement of ATP through cells using equipment that detects radiation. (coursehero.com)
- This clinical trial is studying induction therapy followed by meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) labeled with iodine-131 and chemotherapy in treating patients with newly diagnosed high-risk neuroblastoma undergoing stem cell transplant, radiation therapy, and maintenance therapy with isotretinoin. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Radioisotope therapy, such as MIBG labeled with iodine-131, releases radiation that kills tumor cells. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Many types of cancer and other non-malignant disease can be successfully treated with radiation emitted by this radioisotope. (news-medical.net)
- What do we know about the risk of leukemia in patients who are treated with radiation therapy such as radioactive iodine? (cancernetwork.com)
- That is, radioactive iodine is a very different type of radiation-compared with someone who gets external radiation-in the sense that well-differentiated thyroid cancer patients ingest radioactive iodine, and it is absorbed into the bloodstream. (cancernetwork.com)
- You can imagine during that time the radioactive iodine is going through several cycles of whole-body circulation, and we think that that time is sufficient for the radiation (the circulating iodine) to cause injury to the bone marrow stem cells for them to transform into leukemia cells. (cancernetwork.com)
- However, the vast majority (90 percent) of radioisotopes used in medicine are used merely for diagnoses -- radioactive materials are injected into the body and then radiation-detecting cameras are used to build images of affected body parts or particular types of cells. (wired.co.uk)
Uptake11
- mAbs RS7 and RS11 were used for in vivo and in vitro studies on the uptake and retention of radioisotope into tumor cells. (aacrjournals.org)
- Because of the specificity of its uptake by the human body, radioactive isotopes of iodine can also be used to treat thyroid cancer. (wikipedia.org)
- The rate of iodine-131 uptake, determined with a Geiger counter or other scanning device, indicates whether the thyroid glands are functioning properly. (kentchemistry.com)
- Ashworth DJ, Shaw G (2006) A comparison of the soil migration and plant uptake of radioactive chlorine and iodine from contaminated groundwater. (springer.com)
- After injection of the radioisotope, you are given Lugol's iodine solution to block uptake into the thyroid. (uclahealth.org)
- Normal values indicate areas of increased uptake of the radioisotope. (uclahealth.org)
- The radioisotope contains iodine, so precautions such as administration of Lugol's solution will prevent excessive uptake by the thyroid. (uclahealth.org)
- Although iodine is commonly found as iodide (I - ), which is generally considered to behave conservatively, it has been proposed that iodide can be oxidized to elemental iodine (I 2 ) or iodate (IO 3 - ) by manganese oxides or nitrate, which may behave less conservatively in sediments due to uptake by organic matter or adsorption onto mineral surfaces. (nrc.gov)
- Some studies attempting to calculate the appropriate 131 I dose based on thyroid size and 24-hour iodine uptake have reported increased efficacy over fixed dose [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Even though some factors such as age, sex, size of thyroid gland, degree of hyperthyroidism before treatment, and rate of iodine uptake by the thyroid gland have been suggested as predictors of successful RAI treatment, it continues to remain controversial [ 11 , 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Radioisotopes, because of their unique imaging characteristics (via particle emission), are ideally suited to deal with such questions--including material uptake, metabolism, distribution, and elimination of unwanted residues from the body. (thefreelibrary.com)
Radioactive isotopes4
- Instead, in vitro measurements provide an estimate of internally deposited iodine (both the stable and radioactive isotopes), utilizing techniques that measure iodine in body fluids, feces, or other human samples (Gautier 1983). (cdc.gov)
- Radioactive isotopes of iodine ( 131 I and 129 I) and cesium ( 137 Cs) are important contaminants present in nuclear waste. (nrc.gov)
- The majority of the nuclear fallout, containing radioactive isotopes Iodine-131, Caesium-137 and Strontium-90, settled in the regions directly around the stricken power plant, in what is now northern Ukraine and southern Belarus. (geographical.co.uk)
- Radioactive isotopes (or radioisotopes) have been employed for cancer treatment for years, with radioactive iodine being used to treat tumours of the thyroid gland since the 1950s. (wired.co.uk)
Isotope11
- The isotope 131 I is still occasionally used for purely diagnostic (i.e., imaging) work, due to its low expense compared to other iodine radioisotopes. (wikipedia.org)
- For radiotherapy ablation of tissues that absorb iodine (such as the thyroid), or that absorb an iodine-containing radiopharmaceutical, the beta-emitter iodine-131 is the preferred isotope. (wikipedia.org)
- The present invention relates to an universal method for the large scale production of high-purity carrier free or non carrier added radioisotopes by applying a number of "unit operations" which are derived from physics and material science and hitherto not used for isotope production. (freepatentsonline.com)
- 1. A method for the large scale production of high-purity carrier-free or non-carrier added radioisotopes comprising the following steps: (a) Activation of a target by a particle beam, (b) Separation of the isotope from the irradiated target, (c) Ionisation of the separated isotope, (d) Extraction from the ion source and acceleration of the ion beam, (e) Mass-separation, and (f) Collection of the isotope. (freepatentsonline.com)
- I-127 is the only naturally occurring stable iodine isotope. (bioportfolio.com)
- A radionuclide ( radioactive nuclide , radioisotope or radioactive isotope ) is an atom that has excess nuclear energy, making it unstable. (wikipedia.org)
- These in vivo measurement techniques are commonly used to measure body burdens of iodine radioisotopes, but cannot be used to assess the stable isotope of iodine. (cdc.gov)
- Nuclear medicine technologists use the Iodine isotope I-131, with a half-life of 8 days,to check thyroid function of patients. (jiskha.com)
- How long will it take for a 18.0-g sample of iodine-131 to decay to leave a total of 2.25 g of the isotope? (jiskha.com)
- In veterinary medicine, the most commonly used isotope is metastable technetium-99 ( 99m Tc), although radioactive iodine, indium, and thallium are also used in specific instances. (merckvetmanual.com)
- The company had previously been one of the four major global suppliers of the short-lived Mo-99, which is the world's most widely used medical isotope, and the shutdown has impacted significantly on the supply of medical radioisotopes both locally and internationally, NTP said. (world-nuclear-news.org)
Therapeutic4
- Much smaller incidental doses of iodine-131 than those used in medical therapeutic procedures, are supposed by some studies to be the major cause of increased thyroid cancers after accidental nuclear contamination. (wikipedia.org)
- rus-32) and radiolabeled iodine (iodine-131) provided valuable information about the selectivity of proposed therapeutic regimens. (nap.edu)
- Other reactor-produced radioisotopes continue to play a major role in research, and recent advances in many fields (such as molecular biology, including the Human Genome Project) could not have been accomplished without the use of 32 P. In addition, many of the isotopes useful for therapeutic applications, such as strontium-89 for the palliation of metastatic bone pain, are produced in reactors. (nap.edu)
- One of the first therapeutic applications involved using iodine-131 (I131) to cure thyroid cancer. (thefreelibrary.com)
Tincture of iod1
- In 1908, he introduced tincture of iodine as a way to rapidly sterilize the human skin in the surgical field. (wikipedia.org)
Tumor cells1
- CLR 131 utilizes the company's patented PDC™ tumor targeting delivery platform to deliver a cytotoxic radioisotope, iodine-131, directly to tumor cells. (globenewswire.com)
Stable4
- The thyroid gland uses iodine to produce thyroid hormones and cannot distinguish between radioactive iodine and stable (nonradioactive) iodine. (cdc.gov)
- Irradiation of natural tellurium produces almost entirely 131 I as the only radionuclide with a half-life longer than hours, since most lighter isotopes of tellurium become heavier stable isotopes, or else stable iodine or xenon. (wikipedia.org)
- The other xenon radioisotopes decay either to stable xenon, or to various caesium isotopes, some of them radioactive (a.o., the long-lived 135Cs and 137Cs). (wikipedia.org)
- Stable iodine atoms that have the same atomic number as the element iodine, but differ in atomic weight. (bioportfolio.com)
Antibodies4
- Radioisotopes of iodine have been incorporated into a wide variety of radiopharmaceuticals ranging from small, low molecular weight compounds to large molecules like antibodies. (springer.com)
- The effect of using a "residualizing" iodine radiolabel, dilactitol-iodotyramine, for radioimmunolocalization of antibodies to tumors was investigated. (aacrjournals.org)
- In the early 1940s, phosphorus-32 and then sulfur-35 and iodine-131, were used to label antigens and antibodies. (nap.edu)
- Among the 4 etiologies for transient hypothyroidism (maternal thyrotropin receptor-blocking antibodies, exposure to maternal antithyroid medications, iodine deficiency, and iodine excess), there is little evidence of increases in the incidence rate from thyrotropin receptor-blocking antibodies. (aappublications.org)
POVIDONE-IODINE7
- The purpose of this study is to find out if chlorhexidine gluconate solution is better at reducing the rate of wound infection after cesarean section compared to povidone-iodine. (bioportfolio.com)
- Pre-Operative Skin Antisepsis with Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Povidone-Iodine to Prevent Port-Site Infection in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Prospective Study. (bioportfolio.com)
- Antiseptic Efficacy of Povidone Iodine and Chlorhexidine Gluconate Skin Preparation Solutions Used in Burns Surgery. (bioportfolio.com)
- Topical chlorhexidine, povidone-iodine and erythromycin in the repair of traumatic ulcers on the rat tongue: Clinical, histological and microbiological evaluation. (bioportfolio.com)
- This study investigated the effect of topical application of 0.12% chlorhexidine, 10% povidone-iodine and 50% erythromycin on the optimization of healing process of traumatic ulcers made on ventral to. (bioportfolio.com)
- A Prospective Comparative Study in Skin Antiseptic Solutions for Posterior Spine Surgeries: Chlorhexidine-Gluconate Ethanol Versus Povidone-Iodine. (bioportfolio.com)
- or POVIDONE-IODINE in a gel, foam, or liquid solution. (bioportfolio.com)
Decay3
- Because of the routine availability of radioisotopes of iodine with different nuclear decay properties, radioiodination is an attractive strategy because the same chemistry can be utilized for both radionuclide imaging and targeted radiotherapy. (springer.com)
- Due to its mode of beta decay , iodine-131 is notable for causing mutation and death in cells that it penetrates, and other cells up to several millimeters away. (wikipedia.org)
- Thereafter, the irradiated gas is allowed to decay for three or four days to eliminate short-lived unwanted radioisotopes, and to allow the newly created xenon-125 (half-life 17 hours) to decay to iodine-125. (wikipedia.org)
Atoms2
- I atoms with atomic weights 117-139, except I 127, are radioactive iodine isotopes. (nih.gov)
- The attributes of naturally decaying atoms, known as radioisotopes, give rise to several applications across many aspects of modern day life (see also information paper on The Many Uses of Nuclear Technology ). (world-nuclear.org)
Beta-emitter2
- Iodine-125 itself has a neutron capture cross section of 900 barns, and consequently during a long irradiation, part of the 125I formed will be converted to 126I, a beta-emitter and positron-emitter with a half-life of 13.1 days, which is not medically useful. (wikipedia.org)
- Iodine-131 , a beta emitter, is taken as sodium iodide in drinking water. (kentchemistry.com)
Technetium-992
- The most common radioisotope used in diagnosis is technetium-99 (Tc-99), with some 40 million procedures per year, accounting for about 80% of all nuclear medicine procedures and 85% of diagnostic scans in nuclear medicine worldwide. (world-nuclear.org)
- The radioisotopes that are usually used in SPECT include iodine-123, technetium-99, thallium-201, xenon-133 and fluorine-18. (medindia.net)
Unstable1
- Unstable isotopes are called radioisotopes. (slideserve.com)
Antithyroid drugs1
- To date, the three main treatment options for Graves' disease are antithyroid drugs, thyroidectomy, and radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy. (hindawi.com)
Hyperthyroidism3
- Physicians are also finding it harder to obtain iodine-131, a radioisotope used to treat thyroid cancer, Graves' disease, and hyperthyroidism. (the-scientist.com)
- Radioactive iodine treatment is so successful at treating hyperthyroidism that it has virtually replaced thyroid surgery. (jiskha.com)
- Graves' disease accounts for 60%-80% of patients with hyperthyroidism, depending on regional factors, especially iodine intake [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
IRRADIATION1
- Upon irradiation with slow neutrons in a nuclear reactor, several radioisotopes of xenon are produced. (wikipedia.org)
Substances1
- For more information about I-131, see the Public Health Statement by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry at http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxpro2.html , or visit the Environmental Protection Agency at http://www.epa.gov/rpdweb00/radionuclides/iodine.html external icon . (cdc.gov)
Elemental2
- [10] More commonly, powdered elemental tellurium is irradiated and then 131 I separated from it by dry distillation of the iodine, which has a far higher vapor pressure . (wikipedia.org)
- In column experiments at pH 4.50, the results suggested some oxidation of I - occurred due to a 7% loss of iodine mass exiting the column, presumably due to volatilization of elemental I 2 . (nrc.gov)
Radiotherapy1
- Doctors can also give internal radiotherapy as a liquid containing radioactive molecules called radioisotopes. (cancerresearchuk.org)
MIBG4
- A radioisotope (MIBG, iodine-131-meta-iodobenzylguanidine, or iodine-123-meta-iodobenzylguanidine) is injected into a vein. (medlineplus.gov)
- MIBG is a nuclear scan test that uses injected radioactive material (radioisotope) and a special scanner to locate or confirm the presence of pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoma, which are tumors of specific types of nervous tissue. (uclahealth.org)
- A peripheral stem cell transplant can replace blood-forming cells that are damaged by MIBG labeled with iodine-131 and chemotherapy. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- I. To assess the feasibility of treating high-risk neuroblastoma patients, age 365 days - 30 years, with a) an induction block of meta-iodobenzylguanidine labeled with iodine-131 (131I-MIBG [iobenguane I 131]) delivered after multi-agent chemotherapy, and b) post-induction busulfan/melphalan (Bu/Mel) consolidation therapy. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Therapy11
- Iodine-Rich Polymersomes Enable Versatile SPECT/CT Imaging and Potent Radioisotope Therapy for Tumor in Vivo. (nih.gov)
- Here, we report that iodine-rich polymersomes (I-PS) enable versatile single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) dual-modal imaging and potent radioisotope therapy for breast cancer in vivo. (nih.gov)
- I-PS emerges as a robust and versatile platform for dual-modal imaging and targeted radioisotope therapy. (nih.gov)
- Timing of Adjuvant Radioactive Iodine Therapy Does Not Affect Overall Survival in Low- and Intermediate-Risk Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. (uchicago.edu)
- In developed countries (a quarter of the world population) about one person in 50 uses diagnostic nuclear medicine each year, and the frequency of therapy with radioisotopes is about one-tenth of this. (world-nuclear.org)
- While most radioisotopes are used for imaging, some are used in therapy, Atcher said. (medpagetoday.com)
- A common radioactive therapy uses a radioisotope of iodine to treat thyroid disease. (coursehero.com)
- NTP produces and distributes molybdenum-99 (Mo-99) and radioisotope-based diagnostic imaging and therapy products including iodine-131 and lutetium-177. (world-nuclear-news.org)
- Radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy is an effective treatment option for Graves' disease. (hindawi.com)
- 2: The radioisotope Iodine-123 is used in thyroid therapy. (0calc.com)
- Radionuclide therapy is also called radioisotope therapy. (cancervic.org.au)
Treat thyroid disease1
- Nuclear medicine was developed in the 1950s by physicians with an endocrine emphasis, initially using iodine-131 to diagnose and then treat thyroid disease. (world-nuclear.org)
Accumulates1
- Iodine accumulates in the thyroid, so radioactive iodine can selectively destroy diseased thyroid cells while sparing the rest of the cells in the body. (coursehero.com)
Iodide2
- The inner walls of the capsule are then rinsed with dilute NaOH solution to collect iodine as soluble iodide (I−) and hypoiodite (IO−), according to the standard disproportionation reaction of halogens in alkaline solutions. (wikipedia.org)
- Iodine occurs in many oxidation states, including iodide (I−), iodate (IO− 3), and the various periodate anions. (wikipedia.org)
Radioiodine2
- To isolate radioiodine, the irradiated capsule is first cooled at low temperature (to collect free iodine gas on the capsule inner wall) and the remaining Xe gas is vented in a controlled way and recovered for further use. (wikipedia.org)
- Radioiodine represents a radioactive form of iodine most often used in the treatment of thyroid diseases. (news-medical.net)
Proc1
- Novel Bismuth-Based Inorganic Oxide Waste Forms for Iodine Storage", Proc. (patentgenius.com)
Diagnostic5
- Diagnostic procedures using radioisotopes are now routine. (world-nuclear.org)
- Radioisotopes are an essential part of medical diagnostic procedures. (world-nuclear.org)
- Diagnostic nuclear medicine imaging involves dosing the patient with a very small amount of a gamma ray-emitting radioisotope. (merckvetmanual.com)
- Radioisotopes are also useful diagnostic tools in medicine. (coursehero.com)
- Prepare your presentation in the title: Colonic neoplasms diagnosis, iodine radioisotopes diagnostic c use, and rectal neoplasms diagnosis. (purdue.edu)
Antiseptic1
- In 1873 the French medical researcher Casimir Joseph Davaine (1812-1882) discovered the antiseptic action of iodine. (wikipedia.org)
Tissues1
- [3] Thus, iodine-131 is increasingly less employed in small doses in medical use (especially in children), but increasingly is used only in large and maximal treatment doses, as a way of killing targeted tissues. (wikipedia.org)
Radiopharmaceutical2
- One such radiopharmaceutical is radioactive iodine, which is administered orally via capsules or in a liquid form to a patient. (google.com)
- Another drawback is that radioactive iodine can release gases which can accumulate in the enclosed radiopharmaceutical pigs and pose a hazard to personnel when the radiopharmaceutical pigs are opened for removal of the radioactive iodine. (google.com)
Synthesis1
- Iodine is essential in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. (wikipedia.org)
Chemistry2
- The Director of the Society of Iodine Science, Dr. Kaiho developed novel iodine-containing materials and processes and presented independent research at many conferences, including the International Conference of Hypervalent Iodine Chemistry (2010) and the Symposium of Iodine Science (2011). (wiley.com)
- The results indicate the importance of considering the complex redox and sorption chemistry of iodine when predicting its transport in waste plumes. (nrc.gov)
Commonly2
- Iodine-131 is also one of the most commonly used gamma-emitting radioactive industrial tracer . (wikipedia.org)
- The most commonly used radioisotope of iodine in pharmaceutical industry and medicine is Iodine-131 (I-131). (news-medical.net)
Nonmetallic1
- Iodine is a nonmetallic basic element and an essential mineral for the human body. (news-medical.net)
Metabolism1
- Among the important ''firsts" were the determination of the speed of peripheral circulation using radium by Blumgart and Yens (1927) and the study of thyroid metabolism using radioactive iodine by Hamilton nd Soley (1939). (nap.edu)
Imaging of the thyroid2
- We discussed ultrasound and radioisotope imaging of the thyroid gland as strategies for distinguishing between transient and permanent hypothyroidism. (aappublications.org)
- For example, iodine-131 is often used in the imaging of the thyroid. (jiskha.com)
Vapor1
- It was Gay-Lussac who suggested the name "iode", from the Greek word ἰοειδής (ioeidēs) for violet (because of the colour of iodine vapor). (wikipedia.org)
Tumours1
- Some radioisotopes target tumours naturally, such as radioactive iodine. (cancerresearchuk.org)
Deficiency3
- Iodine deficiency affects about two billion people and is the leading preventable cause of intellectual disabilities. (wikipedia.org)
- So iodine deficiency was a real problem and then salt started getting fortified with iodine , and that really corrected a lot of those deficiency problems around the world. (youdao.com)
- Iodine deficiency or excess in the United States seems unlikely to have contributed significantly to the incidence rate of CH, because the secular trend toward lower iodine intake among women of reproductive age in the 1980s and 1990s seems to have plateaued, and perinatal iodine exposure has presumably declined as a result of recommendations to discontinue using iodine-containing disinfectants. (aappublications.org)
Groundwater1
- The results of these experiments demonstrate that not only can redox transformations of iodine easily occur in groundwater systems, but also that I 2 , IO 3 - , and Cs behave non-conservatively by adsorbing to sediments and minerals. (nrc.gov)
Naturally1
- Iodine is naturally absorbed by the thyroid gland to make hormones, and doctors can exploit this process using radioactive iodine as a treatment for thyroid cancer . (cancerresearchuk.org)
Fukushima2
- Iodine 131 was released in the Fukushima incident by air and into waters around the Japanese nuclear generating station. (scpr.org)
- Particulates in the form of radioactiive iodine and other radioisotopes from Fukushima have traveled across the United States as far as Massachusetts. (change.org)
Methods3
- The low-cost availability of 131 I, in turn, is due to the relative ease of creating 131 I by neutron bombardment of natural tellurium in a nuclear reactor, then separating 131 I out by various simple methods (i.e., heating to drive off the volatile iodine). (wikipedia.org)
- The purpose of this chapter is to describe the analytical methods that are available for detecting, measuring, and/or monitoring iodine and its radioisotopes, their metabolites, and other biomarkers of exposure and effect to iodine and its radioisotopes. (cdc.gov)
- Materials and methods of making low-sintering-temperature glass waste forms that sequester radioactive iodine in a strong and durable structure. (patentgenius.com)
Nuclear medicine3
- Over 40 million nuclear medicine procedures are performed each year, and demand for radioisotopes is increasing at up to 5% annually. (world-nuclear.org)
- The quiet world of nuclear medicine is about to get a lot quieter -- not for lack of work, but because of a looming shortage of radioisotopes. (medpagetoday.com)
- And if it is a radioisotope, the pharma company has to give money to the reactor and the nuclear medicine department. (wired.co.uk)
Nanoparticles1
- The radioisotopes produced by the inventive method are especially suitable for producing radioisotope-labelled bioconjugates as well as particles, in particular nanoparticles and microparticles. (freepatentsonline.com)
Chromium1
- Radioisotopes of iron and chromium were also valuable in applications in hematology. (nap.edu)
Compounds1
- Iodine and its compounds are primarily used in nutrition. (wikipedia.org)
Affinity2
- The radioisotope is usually part of a larger molecule that has a specific affinity for the tissue or organ of interest. (merckvetmanual.com)
- Since the thyroid has a special affinity for iodine, it is a relatively simple and straightforward matter to have a patient drink a carefully determined amount of I131 in a chemically palatable form of solution. (thefreelibrary.com)
Polymers1
- Iodine is also used as a catalyst in the industrial production of acetic acid and some polymers. (wikipedia.org)
Antibody1
- The radioisotope (I-131) can help the antibody kill cells better. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Diagnosis1
- Over 10,000 hospitals worldwide use radioisotopes in medicine, and about 90% of the procedures are for diagnosis. (world-nuclear.org)
IAEA1
- The IAEA has received information from the Hungarian Atomic Energy Authority (HAEA) that the source of the iodine-131 (I-131) detected in Europe was most probably a release to the atmosphere from the Institute of Isotopes Ltd., Budapest. (iaea.org)
Thyroid cells1
- The radioisotope concentrates in thyroid cells in the body wherever they are. (financialexpress.com)