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Integrin beta3Integrin beta4Integrin beta ChainsAntigens, CD29IntegrinsIntegrin alphaVbeta3Integrin alpha5beta1Integrin alpha6beta4Cell AdhesionIntegrin alpha5Integrin alpha6Integrin alpha ChainsIntegrin alphaVIntegrin alpha3beta1Integrin alpha2Integrin alpha2beta1Integrin alpha4Integrin alpha6beta1TalinIntegrin alpha3Integrin alpha1Integrin alpha1beta1Receptors, VitronectinFibronectinsCell MovementHemidesmosomesAntigens, CD18Interleukin-1betaLamininSignal TransductionMolecular Sequence DataPlatelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa ComplexCells, CulturedAmino Acid SequenceExtracellular MatrixAntigens, CDCell Linebeta 2-MicroglobulinVitronectinReceptors, FibronectinFocal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine KinasesOligopeptidesPlatelet Membrane GlycoproteinsCytoplasmCell Adhesion MoleculesProtein BindingFocal Adhesion Kinase 1CHO CellsFilaminsPhosphorylationCricetinaeFocal AdhesionsTransfectionPlectinCell Line, TumorReceptors, Adrenergic, betaTransforming Growth Factor betaLigandsReceptors, CollagenProtein Structure, TertiaryFibrinogenReceptors, LamininBinding SitesThrombastheniaCollagenFlow CytometryAntibodies, MonoclonalCytoskeletonBase SequenceRNA, MessengerIntegrin alphaXbeta2Recombinant ProteinsClot RetractionRNA, Small InterferingTumor Cells, CulturedPaxillinPrecipitin TestsPlatelet Membrane Glycoprotein IIbLymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1Blotting, Westernsrc-Family KinasesMice, KnockoutFluorescent Antibody TechniqueBlood PlateletsVinculinRecombinant Fusion Proteinsrac1 GTP-Binding ProteinCell ProliferationCell DifferentiationDown-RegulationMutationAntibodiesContractile ProteinsEpithelial CellsMice, Inbred C57BLReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionMacromolecular SubstancesMacrophage-1 AntigenImmunohistochemistryGene Expression RegulationExtracellular Matrix ProteinsGene ExpressionFibroblastsSequence Homology, Amino AcidCytoskeletal ProteinsUp-RegulationProtein ConformationEnzyme ActivationCell MembraneEpidermolysis Bullosa, JunctionalProtein-Tyrosine KinasesPeptide FragmentsNeoplasm InvasivenessActinsProtein SubunitsEndothelial CellsRNA InterferenceKeratinocytesMicroscopy, Fluorescencebeta 2-Glycoprotein IModels, BiologicalCricetulusPlatelet AdhesivenessMembrane ProteinsEndothelium, VascularAmino Acid MotifsIntegrin alpha4beta1Models, MolecularCloning, MolecularTyrosineDNA PrimersPhenotypeDNA, ComplementaryReceptors, Adrenergic, beta-2Collagen Type IImmunoprecipitationMutagenesis, Site-DirectedNeoplasm MetastasisImmunoblottingDose-Response Relationship, DrugTime FactorsAntigens, CD151Platelet AggregationNeoplasm MicrometastasisInterleukin-1Platelet ActivationMembrane GlycoproteinsCOS CellsKineticsOsteopontinIntercellular Adhesion Molecule-1Cell DivisionReceptors, Very Late AntigenSubcommissural OrganMyofibroblastsSafroleCell SurvivalDesmosomesWound HealingCrk-Associated Substrate ProteinBasement MembraneMice, TransgenicProtein IsoformsMicrofilament ProteinsCarrier ProteinsApoptosisMicroscopy, ConfocalCalpainPeptidesGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticPolymerase Chain ReactionReceptors, Adrenergic, beta-1Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP KinasesGlycogen Synthase Kinase 3EpitheliumSkinReceptors, CytoadhesinAmino Acid SubstitutionProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktStructure-Activity RelationshipPhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesVascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1Sequence AlignmentPhosphoproteinsCell SizeMice, NudeAnoikisEpitopesAntigens, SurfaceReceptors, Cell SurfaceBlotting, NorthernProtein-Serine-Threonine KinasesCadherinsElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelProlineGroomingEstrogen Receptor betaPhosphotyrosineChemotaxis3T3 CellsTransforming Growth Factor beta1
Integrin beta3: An integrin beta subunit of approximately 85-kDa in size which has been found in INTEGRIN ALPHAIIB-containing and INTEGRIN ALPHAV-containing heterodimers. Integrin beta3 occurs as three alternatively spliced isoforms, designated beta3A-C.Integrin beta4: Also known as CD104 antigen, this protein is distinguished from other beta integrins by its relatively long cytoplasmic domain (approximately 1000 amino acids vs. approximately 50). Five alternatively spliced isoforms have been described.Integrin beta Chains: Integrin beta chains combine with integrin alpha chains to form heterodimeric cell surface receptors. Integrins have traditionally been classified into functional groups based on the identity of one of three beta chains present in the heterodimer. The beta chain is necessary and sufficient for integrin-dependent signaling. Its short cytoplasmic tail contains sequences critical for inside-out signaling.Antigens, CD29: Integrin beta-1 chains which are expressed as heterodimers that are noncovalently associated with specific alpha-chains of the CD49 family (CD49a-f). CD29 is expressed on resting and activated leukocytes and is a marker for all of the very late activation antigens on cells. (from: Barclay et al., The Leukocyte Antigen FactsBook, 1993, p164)Integrins: A family of transmembrane glycoproteins (MEMBRANE GLYCOPROTEINS) consisting of noncovalent heterodimers. They interact with a wide variety of ligands including EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX PROTEINS; COMPLEMENT, and other cells, while their intracellular domains interact with the CYTOSKELETON. The integrins consist of at least three identified families: the cytoadhesin receptors(RECEPTORS, CYTOADHESIN), the leukocyte adhesion receptors (RECEPTORS, LEUKOCYTE ADHESION), and the VERY LATE ANTIGEN RECEPTORS. Each family contains a common beta-subunit (INTEGRIN BETA CHAINS) combined with one or more distinct alpha-subunits (INTEGRIN ALPHA CHAINS). These receptors participate in cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesion in many physiologically important processes, including embryological development; HEMOSTASIS; THROMBOSIS; WOUND HEALING; immune and nonimmune defense mechanisms; and oncogenic transformation.Integrin alphaVbeta3: An integrin that binds to a variety of plasma and extracellular matrix proteins containing the conserved RGD amino acid sequence and modulates cell adhesion. Integrin alphavbeta3 is highly expressed in OSTEOCLASTS where it may play role in BONE RESORPTION. It is also abundant in vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, and in some tumor cells, where it is involved in angiogenesis and cell migration. Although often referred to as the vitronectin receptor there is more than one receptor for vitronectin (RECEPTORS, VITRONECTIN).Integrin alpha5beta1: An integrin found in FIBROBLASTS; PLATELETS; MONOCYTES, and LYMPHOCYTES. Integrin alpha5beta1 is the classical receptor for FIBRONECTIN, but it also functions as a receptor for LAMININ and several other EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX PROTEINS.Integrin alpha6beta4: This intrgrin is a key component of HEMIDESMOSOMES and is required for their formation and maintenance in epithelial cells. Integrin alpha6beta4 is also found on thymocytes, fibroblasts, and Schwann cells, where it functions as a laminin receptor (RECEPTORS, LAMININ) and is involved in wound healing, cell migration, and tumor invasiveness.Cell Adhesion: Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells.Integrin alpha5: This integrin alpha subunit combines with INTEGRIN BETA1 to form a receptor (INTEGRIN ALPHA5BETA1) that binds FIBRONECTIN and LAMININ. It undergoes posttranslational cleavage into a heavy and a light chain that are connected by disulfide bonds.Integrin alpha6: An integrin alpha subunit that primarily associates with INTEGRIN BETA1 or INTEGRIN BETA4 to form laminin-binding heterodimers. Integrin alpha6 has two alternatively spliced isoforms: integrin alpha6A and integrin alpha6B, which differ in their cytoplasmic domains and are regulated in a tissue-specific and developmental stage-specific manner.Integrin alpha Chains: The alpha subunits of integrin heterodimers (INTEGRINS), which mediate ligand specificity. There are approximately 18 different alpha chains, exhibiting great sequence diversity; several chains are also spliced into alternative isoforms. They possess a long extracellular portion (1200 amino acids) containing a MIDAS (metal ion-dependent adhesion site) motif, and seven 60-amino acid tandem repeats, the last 4 of which form EF HAND MOTIFS. The intracellular portion is short with the exception of INTEGRIN ALPHA4.Integrin alphaV: An alpha integrin with a molecular weight of 160-kDa that is found in a variety of cell types. It undergoes posttranslational cleavage into a heavy and a light chain that are connected by disulfide bonds. Integrin alphaV can combine with several different beta subunits to form heterodimers that generally bind to RGD sequence-containing extracellular matrix proteins.Integrin alpha3beta1: Cell surface receptor for LAMININ, epiligrin, FIBRONECTINS, entactin, and COLLAGEN. Integrin alpha3beta1 is the major integrin present in EPITHELIAL CELLS, where it plays a role in the assembly of BASEMENT MEMBRANE as well as in cell migration, and may regulate the functions of other integrins. Two alternatively spliced isoforms of the alpha subunit (INTEGRIN ALPHA3), are differentially expressed in different cell types.Integrin alpha2: An integrin alpha subunit that primarily combines with INTEGRIN BETA1 to form the INTEGRIN ALPHA2BETA1 heterodimer. It contains a domain which has homology to collagen-binding domains found in von Willebrand factor.Integrin alpha2beta1: An integrin found on fibroblasts, platelets, endothelial and epithelial cells, and lymphocytes where it functions as a receptor for COLLAGEN and LAMININ. Although originally referred to as the collagen receptor, it is one of several receptors for collagen. Ligand binding to integrin alpha2beta1 triggers a cascade of intracellular signaling, including activation of p38 MAP kinase.Integrin alpha4: An integrin alpha subunit that is unique in that it does not contain an I domain, and its proteolytic cleavage site is near the middle of the extracellular portion of the polypeptide rather than close to the membrane as in other integrin alpha subunits.Integrin alpha6beta1: A cell surface receptor mediating cell adhesion to the EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX and to other cells via binding to LAMININ. It is involved in cell migration, embryonic development, leukocyte activation and tumor cell invasiveness. Integrin alpha6beta1 is the major laminin receptor on PLATELETS; LEUKOCYTES; and many EPITHELIAL CELLS, and ligand binding may activate a number of signal transduction pathways. Alternative splicing of the cytoplasmic domain of the alpha6 subunit (INTEGRIN ALPHA6) results in the formation of A and B isoforms of the heterodimer, which are expressed in a tissue-specific manner.Talin: A 235-kDa cytoplasmic protein that is also found in platelets. It has been localized to regions of cell-substrate adhesion. It binds to INTEGRINS; VINCULIN; and ACTINS and appears to participate in generating a transmembrane connection between the extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton.Integrin alpha3: An integrin alpha subunit that occurs as alternatively spliced isoforms. The isoforms are differentially expressed in specific cell types and at specific developmental stages. Integrin alpha3 combines with INTEGRIN BETA1 to form INTEGRIN ALPHA3BETA1 which is a heterodimer found primarily in epithelial cells.Integrin alpha1: An integrin alpha subunit that binds COLLAGEN and LAMININ though its I domain. It combines with INTEGRIN BETA1 to form the heterodimer INTEGRIN ALPHA1BETA1.Integrin alpha1beta1: Integrin alpha1beta1 functions as a receptor for LAMININ and COLLAGEN. It is widely expressed during development, but in the adult is the predominant laminin receptor (RECEPTORS, LAMININ) in mature SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, where it is important for maintenance of the differentiated phenotype of these cells. Integrin alpha1beta1 is also found in LYMPHOCYTES and microvascular endothelial cells, and may play a role in angiogenesis. In SCHWANN CELLS and neural crest cells, it is involved in cell migration. Integrin alpha1beta1 is also known as VLA-1 and CD49a-CD29.Receptors, Vitronectin: Receptors such as INTEGRIN ALPHAVBETA3 that bind VITRONECTIN with high affinity and play a role in cell migration. They also bind FIBRINOGEN; VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR; osteopontin; and THROMBOSPONDINS.Fibronectins: Glycoproteins found on the surfaces of cells, particularly in fibrillar structures. The proteins are lost or reduced when these cells undergo viral or chemical transformation. They are highly susceptible to proteolysis and are substrates for activated blood coagulation factor VIII. The forms present in plasma are called cold-insoluble globulins.Cell Movement: The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.Hemidesmosomes: An anchoring junction of the cell to a non-cellular substrate, similar in morphology to halves of DESMOSOMES. They are composed of specialized areas of the plasma membrane where INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS bind on the cytoplasmic face to the transmembrane linkers, INTEGRINS, via intracellular attachment proteins, while the extracellular domain of the integrins binds to EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX PROTEINS.Antigens, CD18: Cell-surface glycoprotein beta-chains that are non-covalently linked to specific alpha-chains of the CD11 family of leukocyte-adhesion molecules (RECEPTORS, LEUKOCYTE-ADHESION). A defect in the gene encoding CD18 causes LEUKOCYTE-ADHESION DEFICIENCY SYNDROME.Interleukin-1beta: An interleukin-1 subtype that is synthesized as an inactive membrane-bound pro-protein. Proteolytic processing of the precursor form by CASPASE 1 results in release of the active form of interleukin-1beta from the membrane.Laminin: Large, noncollagenous glycoprotein with antigenic properties. It is localized in the basement membrane lamina lucida and functions to bind epithelial cells to the basement membrane. Evidence suggests that the protein plays a role in tumor invasion.Signal Transduction: The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex: Platelet membrane glycoprotein complex important for platelet adhesion and aggregation. It is an integrin complex containing INTEGRIN ALPHAIIB and INTEGRIN BETA3 which recognizes the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) sequence present on several adhesive proteins. As such, it is a receptor for FIBRINOGEN; VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR; FIBRONECTIN; VITRONECTIN; and THROMBOSPONDINS. A deficiency of GPIIb-IIIa results in GLANZMANN THROMBASTHENIA.Cells, Cultured: Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.Amino Acid Sequence: The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.Extracellular Matrix: A meshwork-like substance found within the extracellular space and in association with the basement membrane of the cell surface. It promotes cellular proliferation and provides a supporting structure to which cells or cell lysates in culture dishes adhere.Antigens, CD: Differentiation antigens residing on mammalian leukocytes. CD stands for cluster of differentiation, which refers to groups of monoclonal antibodies that show similar reactivity with certain subpopulations of antigens of a particular lineage or differentiation stage. The subpopulations of antigens are also known by the same CD designation.Cell Line: Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.beta 2-Microglobulin: An 11-kDa protein associated with the outer membrane of many cells including lymphocytes. It is the small subunit of the MHC class I molecule. Association with beta 2-microglobulin is generally required for the transport of class I heavy chains from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface. Beta 2-microglobulin is present in small amounts in serum, csf, and urine of normal people, and to a much greater degree in the urine and plasma of patients with tubular proteinemia, renal failure, or kidney transplants.Vitronectin: A blood plasma glycoprotein that mediates cell adhesion and interacts with proteins of the complement, coagulation, and fibrinolytic cascade. (From Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)Receptors, Fibronectin: Specific cell surface receptors which bind to FIBRONECTINS. Studies have shown that these receptors function in certain types of adhesive contact as well as playing a major role in matrix assembly. These receptors include the traditional fibronectin receptor, also called INTEGRIN ALPHA5BETA1 and several other integrins.Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases: A family of non-receptor, PROLINE-rich protein-tyrosine kinases.Oligopeptides: Peptides composed of between two and twelve amino acids.Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins: Surface glycoproteins on platelets which have a key role in hemostasis and thrombosis such as platelet adhesion and aggregation. Many of these are receptors.Cytoplasm: The part of a cell that contains the CYTOSOL and small structures excluding the CELL NUCLEUS; MITOCHONDRIA; and large VACUOLES. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990)Cell Adhesion Molecules: Surface ligands, usually glycoproteins, that mediate cell-to-cell adhesion. Their functions include the assembly and interconnection of various vertebrate systems, as well as maintenance of tissue integration, wound healing, morphogenic movements, cellular migrations, and metastasis.Protein Binding: The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.Focal Adhesion Kinase 1: A non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase that is localized to FOCAL ADHESIONS and is a central component of integrin-mediated SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS. Focal adhesion kinase 1 interacts with PAXILLIN and undergoes PHOSPHORYLATION in response to adhesion of cell surface integrins to the EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX. Phosphorylated p125FAK protein binds to a variety of SH2 DOMAIN and SH3 DOMAIN containing proteins and helps regulate CELL ADHESION and CELL MIGRATION.CHO Cells: CELL LINE derived from the ovary of the Chinese hamster, Cricetulus griseus (CRICETULUS). The species is a favorite for cytogenetic studies because of its small chromosome number. The cell line has provided model systems for the study of genetic alterations in cultured mammalian cells.Filamins: A family of crosslinking filament proteins encoded by distinct FLN genes. Filamins are involved in cell adhesion, spreading, and migration, acting as scaffolds for over 90 binding partners including channels, receptors, intracellular signaling molecules and transcription factors. Due to the range of molecular interactions, mutations in FLN genes result in anomalies with moderate to lethal consequences.Phosphorylation: The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.Cricetinae: A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS.Focal Adhesions: An anchoring junction of the cell to a non-cellular substrate. It is composed of a specialized area of the plasma membrane where bundles of the ACTIN CYTOSKELETON terminate and attach to the transmembrane linkers, INTEGRINS, which in turn attach through their extracellular domains to EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX PROTEINS.Transfection: The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.Plectin: A cytoskeletal linker protein with a molecular weight of greater than 500 kDa. It binds INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS; MICROTUBULES; and ACTIN CYTOSKELETON and plays a central role in the organization and stability of the CYTOSKELETON. Plectin is phosphorylated by CALMODULIN KINASE; PROTEIN KINASE A; and PROTEIN KINASE C.Cell Line, Tumor: A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.Receptors, Adrenergic, beta: One of two major pharmacologically defined classes of adrenergic receptors. The beta adrenergic receptors play an important role in regulating CARDIAC MUSCLE contraction, SMOOTH MUSCLE relaxation, and GLYCOGENOLYSIS.Transforming Growth Factor beta: A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins.Ligands: A molecule that binds to another molecule, used especially to refer to a small molecule that binds specifically to a larger molecule, e.g., an antigen binding to an antibody, a hormone or neurotransmitter binding to a receptor, or a substrate or allosteric effector binding to an enzyme. Ligands are also molecules that donate or accept a pair of electrons to form a coordinate covalent bond with the central metal atom of a coordination complex. (From Dorland, 27th ed)Receptors, Collagen: Collagen receptors are cell surface receptors that modulate signal transduction between cells and the EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX. They are found in many cell types and are involved in the maintenance and regulation of cell shape and behavior, including PLATELET ACTIVATION and aggregation, through many different signaling pathways and differences in their affinities for collagen isoforms. Collagen receptors include discoidin domain receptors, INTEGRINS, and glycoprotein VI.Protein Structure, Tertiary: The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.Fibrinogen: Plasma glycoprotein clotted by thrombin, composed of a dimer of three non-identical pairs of polypeptide chains (alpha, beta, gamma) held together by disulfide bonds. Fibrinogen clotting is a sol-gel change involving complex molecular arrangements: whereas fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form polypeptides A and B, the proteolytic action of other enzymes yields different fibrinogen degradation products.Receptors, Laminin: Glycoprotein molecules on the surface of cells that react with or bind to laminin whose function allows the binding of epithelial cells to the basement membrane. The molecular weight of this high-affinity receptor is 67 kD.Binding Sites: The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.Thrombasthenia: A congenital bleeding disorder with prolonged bleeding time, absence of aggregation of platelets in response to most agents, especially ADP, and impaired or absent clot retraction. Platelet membranes are deficient in or have a defect in the glycoprotein IIb-IIIa complex (PLATELET GLYCOPROTEIN GPIIB-IIIA COMPLEX).Collagen: A polypeptide substance comprising about one third of the total protein in mammalian organisms. It is the main constituent of SKIN; CONNECTIVE TISSUE; and the organic substance of bones (BONE AND BONES) and teeth (TOOTH).Flow Cytometry: Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.Antibodies, Monoclonal: Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.Cytoskeleton: The network of filaments, tubules, and interconnecting filamentous bridges which give shape, structure, and organization to the cytoplasm.Base Sequence: The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.RNA, Messenger: RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.Integrin alphaXbeta2: A major adhesion-associated heterodimer molecule expressed by MONOCYTES; GRANULOCYTES; NK CELLS; and some LYMPHOCYTES. The alpha subunit is the CD11C ANTIGEN, a surface antigen expressed on some myeloid cells. The beta subunit is the CD18 ANTIGEN.Recombinant Proteins: Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.Clot Retraction: Retraction of a clot resulting from contraction of PLATELET pseudopods attached to FIBRIN strands. The retraction is dependent on the contractile protein thrombosthenin. Clot retraction is used as a measure of platelet function.RNA, Small Interfering: Small double-stranded, non-protein coding RNAs (21-31 nucleotides) involved in GENE SILENCING functions, especially RNA INTERFERENCE (RNAi). Endogenously, siRNAs are generated from dsRNAs (RNA, DOUBLE-STRANDED) by the same ribonuclease, Dicer, that generates miRNAs (MICRORNAS). The perfect match of the siRNAs' antisense strand to their target RNAs mediates RNAi by siRNA-guided RNA cleavage. siRNAs fall into different classes including trans-acting siRNA (tasiRNA), repeat-associated RNA (rasiRNA), small-scan RNA (scnRNA), and Piwi protein-interacting RNA (piRNA) and have different specific gene silencing functions.Tumor Cells, Cultured: Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.Paxillin: Paxillin is a signal transducing adaptor protein that localizes to FOCAL ADHESIONS via its four LIM domains. It undergoes PHOSPHORYLATION in response to integrin-mediated CELL ADHESION, and interacts with a variety of proteins including VINCULIN; FOCAL ADHESION KINASE; PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN PP60(C-SRC); and PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN C-CRK.Precipitin Tests: Serologic tests in which a positive reaction manifested by visible CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION occurs when a soluble ANTIGEN reacts with its precipitins, i.e., ANTIBODIES that can form a precipitate.Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IIb: Platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb is an integrin alpha subunit that heterodimerizes with INTEGRIN BETA3 to form PLATELET GLYCOPROTEIN GPIIB-IIIA COMPLEX. It is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain which is then postranslationally cleaved and processed into two disulfide-linked subunits of approximately 18 and 110 kDa in size.Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1: An integrin heterodimer widely expressed on cells of hematopoietic origin. CD11A ANTIGEN comprises the alpha chain and the CD18 antigen (ANTIGENS, CD18) the beta chain. Lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 is a major receptor of T-CELLS; B-CELLS; and GRANULOCYTES. It mediates the leukocyte adhesion reactions underlying cytolytic conjugate formation, helper T-cell interactions, and antibody-dependent killing by NATURAL KILLER CELLS and granulocytes. Intracellular adhesion molecule-1 has been defined as a ligand for lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1.Blotting, Western: Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.src-Family Kinases: A PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE family that was originally identified by homology to the Rous sarcoma virus ONCOGENE PROTEIN PP60(V-SRC). They interact with a variety of cell-surface receptors and participate in intracellular signal transduction pathways. Oncogenic forms of src-family kinases can occur through altered regulation or expression of the endogenous protein and by virally encoded src (v-src) genes.Mice, Knockout: Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.Fluorescent Antibody Technique: Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.Blood Platelets: Non-nucleated disk-shaped cells formed in the megakaryocyte and found in the blood of all mammals. They are mainly involved in blood coagulation.Vinculin: A cytoskeletal protein associated with cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. The amino acid sequence of human vinculin has been determined. The protein consists of 1066 amino acid residues and its gene has been assigned to chromosome 10.Recombinant Fusion Proteins: Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.rac1 GTP-Binding Protein: A rac GTP-binding protein involved in regulating actin filaments at the plasma membrane. It controls the development of filopodia and lamellipodia in cells and thereby influences cellular motility and adhesion. It is also involved in activation of NADPH OXIDASE. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.6.1.47.Cell Proliferation: All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION.Cell Differentiation: Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.Down-Regulation: A negative regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.Mutation: Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.Antibodies: Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).Contractile Proteins: Proteins which participate in contractile processes. They include MUSCLE PROTEINS as well as those found in other cells and tissues. In the latter, these proteins participate in localized contractile events in the cytoplasm, in motile activity, and in cell aggregation phenomena.Epithelial Cells: Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.Mice, Inbred C57BLReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction: A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.Macromolecular Substances: Compounds and molecular complexes that consist of very large numbers of atoms and are generally over 500 kDa in size. In biological systems macromolecular substances usually can be visualized using ELECTRON MICROSCOPY and are distinguished from ORGANELLES by the lack of a membrane structure.Macrophage-1 Antigen: An adhesion-promoting leukocyte surface membrane heterodimer. The alpha subunit consists of the CD11b ANTIGEN and the beta subunit the CD18 ANTIGEN. The antigen, which is an integrin, functions both as a receptor for complement 3 and in cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesive interactions.Immunohistochemistry: Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.Gene Expression Regulation: Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.Extracellular Matrix Proteins: Macromolecular organic compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and usually, sulfur. These macromolecules (proteins) form an intricate meshwork in which cells are embedded to construct tissues. Variations in the relative types of macromolecules and their organization determine the type of extracellular matrix, each adapted to the functional requirements of the tissue. The two main classes of macromolecules that form the extracellular matrix are: glycosaminoglycans, usually linked to proteins (proteoglycans), and fibrous proteins (e.g., COLLAGEN; ELASTIN; FIBRONECTINS; and LAMININ).Gene Expression: The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.Fibroblasts: Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.Sequence Homology, Amino Acid: The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.Cytoskeletal Proteins: Major constituent of the cytoskeleton found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. They form a flexible framework for the cell, provide attachment points for organelles and formed bodies, and make communication between parts of the cell possible.Up-Regulation: A positive regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.Protein Conformation: The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).Enzyme Activation: Conversion of an inactive form of an enzyme to one possessing metabolic activity. It includes 1, activation by ions (activators); 2, activation by cofactors (coenzymes); and 3, conversion of an enzyme precursor (proenzyme or zymogen) to an active enzyme.Cell Membrane: The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.Epidermolysis Bullosa, Junctional: Form of epidermolysis bullosa having onset at birth or during the neonatal period and transmitted through autosomal recessive inheritance. It is characterized by generalized blister formation, extensive denudation, and separation and cleavage of the basal cell plasma membranes from the basement membrane.Protein-Tyrosine Kinases: Protein kinases that catalyze the PHOSPHORYLATION of TYROSINE residues in proteins with ATP or other nucleotides as phosphate donors.Peptide Fragments: Partial proteins formed by partial hydrolysis of complete proteins or generated through PROTEIN ENGINEERING techniques.Neoplasm Invasiveness: Ability of neoplasms to infiltrate and actively destroy surrounding tissue.Actins: Filamentous proteins that are the main constituent of the thin filaments of muscle fibers. The filaments (known also as filamentous or F-actin) can be dissociated into their globular subunits; each subunit is composed of a single polypeptide 375 amino acids long. This is known as globular or G-actin. In conjunction with MYOSINS, actin is responsible for the contraction and relaxation of muscle.Protein Subunits: Single chains of amino acids that are the units of multimeric PROTEINS. Multimeric proteins can be composed of identical or non-identical subunits. One or more monomeric subunits may compose a protomer which itself is a subunit structure of a larger assembly.Endothelial Cells: Highly specialized EPITHELIAL CELLS that line the HEART; BLOOD VESSELS; and lymph vessels, forming the ENDOTHELIUM. They are polygonal in shape and joined together by TIGHT JUNCTIONS. The tight junctions allow for variable permeability to specific macromolecules that are transported across the endothelial layer.RNA Interference: A gene silencing phenomenon whereby specific dsRNAs (RNA, DOUBLE-STRANDED) trigger the degradation of homologous mRNA (RNA, MESSENGER). The specific dsRNAs are processed into SMALL INTERFERING RNA (siRNA) which serves as a guide for cleavage of the homologous mRNA in the RNA-INDUCED SILENCING COMPLEX. DNA METHYLATION may also be triggered during this process.Keratinocytes: Epidermal cells which synthesize keratin and undergo characteristic changes as they move upward from the basal layers of the epidermis to the cornified (horny) layer of the skin. Successive stages of differentiation of the keratinocytes forming the epidermal layers are basal cell, spinous or prickle cell, and the granular cell.Microscopy, Fluorescence: Microscopy of specimens stained with fluorescent dye (usually fluorescein isothiocyanate) or of naturally fluorescent materials, which emit light when exposed to ultraviolet or blue light. Immunofluorescence microscopy utilizes antibodies that are labeled with fluorescent dye.beta 2-Glycoprotein I: A 44-kDa highly glycosylated plasma protein that binds phospholipids including CARDIOLIPIN; APOLIPOPROTEIN E RECEPTOR; membrane phospholipids, and other anionic phospholipid-containing moieties. It plays a role in coagulation and apoptotic processes. Formerly known as apolipoprotein H, it is an autoantigen in patients with ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODIES.Models, Biological: Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.Cricetulus: A genus of the family Muridae consisting of eleven species. C. migratorius, the grey or Armenian hamster, and C. griseus, the Chinese hamster, are the two species used in biomedical research.Platelet Adhesiveness: The process whereby PLATELETS adhere to something other than platelets, e.g., COLLAGEN; BASEMENT MEMBRANE; MICROFIBRILS; or other "foreign" surfaces.Membrane Proteins: Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.Endothelium, Vascular: Single pavement layer of cells which line the luminal surface of the entire vascular system and regulate the transport of macromolecules and blood components.Amino Acid Motifs: Commonly observed structural components of proteins formed by simple combinations of adjacent secondary structures. A commonly observed structure may be composed of a CONSERVED SEQUENCE which can be represented by a CONSENSUS SEQUENCE.Integrin alpha4beta1: Integrin alpha4beta1 is a FIBRONECTIN and VCAM-1 receptor present on LYMPHOCYTES; MONOCYTES; EOSINOPHILS; NK CELLS and thymocytes. It is involved in both cell-cell and cell- EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX adhesion and plays a role in INFLAMMATION, hematopoietic cell homing and immune function, and has been implicated in skeletal MYOGENESIS; NEURAL CREST migration and proliferation, lymphocyte maturation and morphogenesis of the PLACENTA and HEART.Models, Molecular: Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.Cloning, Molecular: The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.DNA Primers: Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.Phenotype: The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.DNA, Complementary: Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesized from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. cDNA (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not C-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe.Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2: A subclass of beta-adrenergic receptors (RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC, BETA). The adrenergic beta-2 receptors are more sensitive to EPINEPHRINE than to NOREPINEPHRINE and have a high affinity for the agonist TERBUTALINE. They are widespread, with clinically important roles in SKELETAL MUSCLE; LIVER; and vascular, bronchial, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary SMOOTH MUSCLE.Collagen Type I: The most common form of fibrillar collagen. It is a major constituent of bone (BONE AND BONES) and SKIN and consists of a heterotrimer of two alpha1(I) and one alpha2(I) chains.Immunoprecipitation: The aggregation of soluble ANTIGENS with ANTIBODIES, alone or with antibody binding factors such as ANTI-ANTIBODIES or STAPHYLOCOCCAL PROTEIN A, into complexes large enough to fall out of solution.Mutagenesis, Site-Directed: Genetically engineered MUTAGENESIS at a specific site in the DNA molecule that introduces a base substitution, or an insertion or deletion.Neoplasm Metastasis: The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.Immunoblotting: Immunologic method used for detecting or quantifying immunoreactive substances. The substance is identified by first immobilizing it by blotting onto a membrane and then tagging it with labeled antibodies.Dose-Response Relationship, Drug: The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.Time Factors: Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.Antigens, CD151: Tetraspanin proteins found associated with LAMININ-binding INTEGRINS. The CD151 antigens may play a role in the regulation of CELL MOTILITY.Platelet Aggregation: The attachment of PLATELETS to one another. This clumping together can be induced by a number of agents (e.g., THROMBIN; COLLAGEN) and is part of the mechanism leading to the formation of a THROMBUS.Neoplasm Micrometastasis: Newly arising secondary tumors so small they are difficult to detect by physical examination or routine imaging techniques.Interleukin-1: A soluble factor produced by MONOCYTES; MACROPHAGES, and other cells which activates T-lymphocytes and potentiates their response to mitogens or antigens. Interleukin-1 is a general term refers to either of the two distinct proteins, INTERLEUKIN-1ALPHA and INTERLEUKIN-1BETA. The biological effects of IL-1 include the ability to replace macrophage requirements for T-cell activation.Platelet Activation: A series of progressive, overlapping events, triggered by exposure of the PLATELETS to subendothelial tissue. These events include shape change, adhesiveness, aggregation, and release reactions. When carried through to completion, these events lead to the formation of a stable hemostatic plug.Membrane Glycoproteins: Glycoproteins found on the membrane or surface of cells.COS Cells: CELL LINES derived from the CV-1 cell line by transformation with a replication origin defective mutant of SV40 VIRUS, which codes for wild type large T antigen (ANTIGENS, POLYOMAVIRUS TRANSFORMING). They are used for transfection and cloning. (The CV-1 cell line was derived from the kidney of an adult male African green monkey (CERCOPITHECUS AETHIOPS).)Kinetics: The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.Osteopontin: A negatively-charged extracellular matrix protein that plays a role in the regulation of BONE metabolism and a variety of other biological functions. Cell signaling by osteopontin may occur through a cell adhesion sequence that recognizes INTEGRIN ALPHA-V BETA-3.Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1: A cell-surface ligand involved in leukocyte adhesion and inflammation. Its production is induced by gamma-interferon and it is required for neutrophil migration into inflamed tissue.Cell Division: The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.Receptors, Very Late Antigen: Members of the integrin family appearing late after T-cell activation. They are a family of proteins initially identified at the surface of stimulated T-cells, but now identified on a variety of cell types. At least six VLA antigens have been identified as heterodimeric adhesion receptors consisting of a single common beta-subunit and different alpha-subunits.Subcommissural Organ: Ependymal derivative located at the junction of the THIRD VENTRICLE and the CEREBRAL AQUEDUCT; and the SOMATOSTATIN SECRETING CELLS.Myofibroblasts: Spindle-shaped cells with characteristic CONTRACTILE PROTEINS and structures that contribute to the WOUND HEALING process. They occur in GRANULATION TISSUE and also in pathological processes such as FIBROSIS.Safrole: A member of the BENZODIOXOLES that is a constituent of several VOLATILE OILS, notably SASSAFRAS oil. It is a precursor in the synthesis of the insecticide PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE and the drug N-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDMA).Cell Survival: The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.Desmosomes: A type of junction that attaches one cell to its neighbor. One of a number of differentiated regions which occur, for example, where the cytoplasmic membranes of adjacent epithelial cells are closely apposed. It consists of a circular region of each membrane together with associated intracellular microfilaments and an intercellular material which may include, for example, mucopolysaccharides. (From Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990; Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)Wound Healing: Restoration of integrity to traumatized tissue.Crk-Associated Substrate Protein: Crk-associated substrate was originally identified as a highly phosphorylated 130 kDa protein that associates with ONCOGENE PROTEIN CRK and ONCOGENE PROTEIN SRC. It is a signal transducing adaptor protein that undergoes tyrosine PHOSPHORYLATION in signaling pathways that regulate CELL MIGRATION and CELL PROLIFERATION.Basement Membrane: A darkly stained mat-like EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX (ECM) that separates cell layers, such as EPITHELIUM from ENDOTHELIUM or a layer of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. The ECM layer that supports an overlying EPITHELIUM or ENDOTHELIUM is called basal lamina. Basement membrane (BM) can be formed by the fusion of either two adjacent basal laminae or a basal lamina with an adjacent reticular lamina of connective tissue. BM, composed mainly of TYPE IV COLLAGEN; glycoprotein LAMININ; and PROTEOGLYCAN, provides barriers as well as channels between interacting cell layers.Mice, Transgenic: Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.Protein Isoforms: Different forms of a protein that may be produced from different GENES, or from the same gene by ALTERNATIVE SPLICING.Microfilament Proteins: Monomeric subunits of primarily globular ACTIN and found in the cytoplasmic matrix of almost all cells. They are often associated with microtubules and may play a role in cytoskeletal function and/or mediate movement of the cell or the organelles within the cell.Carrier Proteins: Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.Apoptosis: One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.Microscopy, Confocal: A light microscopic technique in which only a small spot is illuminated and observed at a time. An image is constructed through point-by-point scanning of the field in this manner. Light sources may be conventional or laser, and fluorescence or transmitted observations are possible.Calpain: Cysteine proteinase found in many tissues. Hydrolyzes a variety of endogenous proteins including NEUROPEPTIDES; CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS; proteins from SMOOTH MUSCLE; CARDIAC MUSCLE; liver; platelets; and erythrocytes. Two subclasses having high and low calcium sensitivity are known. Removes Z-discs and M-lines from myofibrils. Activates phosphorylase kinase and cyclic nucleotide-independent protein kinase. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.22.4.Peptides: Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic: Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in neoplastic tissue.Polymerase Chain Reaction: In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1: A subclass of beta-adrenergic receptors (RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC, BETA). The adrenergic beta-1 receptors are equally sensitive to EPINEPHRINE and NOREPINEPHRINE and bind the agonist DOBUTAMINE and the antagonist METOPROLOL with high affinity. They are found in the HEART, juxtaglomerular cells, and in the central and peripheral nervous systems.Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases: A mitogen-activated protein kinase subfamily that is widely expressed and plays a role in regulation of MEIOSIS; MITOSIS; and post mitotic functions in differentiated cells. The extracellular signal regulated MAP kinases are regulated by a broad variety of CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS and can be activated by certain CARCINOGENS.Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3: A glycogen synthase kinase that was originally described as a key enzyme involved in glycogen metabolism. It regulates a diverse array of functions such as CELL DIVISION, microtubule function and APOPTOSIS.Epithelium: One or more layers of EPITHELIAL CELLS, supported by the basal lamina, which covers the inner or outer surfaces of the body.Skin: The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.Receptors, Cytoadhesin: A group of INTEGRINS that includes the platelet outer membrane glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa (PLATELET GLYCOPROTEIN GPIIB-IIIA COMPLEX) and the vitronectin receptor (RECEPTORS, VITRONECTIN). They play a major role in cell adhesion and serve as receptors for fibronectin, von Willebrand factor, and vitronectin.Amino Acid Substitution: The naturally occurring or experimentally induced replacement of one or more AMINO ACIDS in a protein with another. If a functionally equivalent amino acid is substituted, the protein may retain wild-type activity. Substitution may also diminish, enhance, or eliminate protein function. Experimentally induced substitution is often used to study enzyme activities and binding site properties.Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt: A protein-serine-threonine kinase that is activated by PHOSPHORYLATION in response to GROWTH FACTORS or INSULIN. It plays a major role in cell metabolism, growth, and survival as a core component of SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION. Three isoforms have been described in mammalian cells.Structure-Activity Relationship: The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases: Phosphotransferases that catalyzes the conversion of 1-phosphatidylinositol to 1-phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. Many members of this enzyme class are involved in RECEPTOR MEDIATED SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION and regulation of vesicular transport with the cell. Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases have been classified both according to their substrate specificity and their mode of action within the cell.Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1: Cytokine-induced cell adhesion molecule present on activated endothelial cells, tissue macrophages, dendritic cells, bone marrow fibroblasts, myoblasts, and myotubes. It is important for the recruitment of leukocytes to sites of inflammation. (From Pigott & Power, The Adhesion Molecule FactsBook, 1993, p154)Sequence Alignment: The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.PhosphoproteinsCell Size: The quantity of volume or surface area of CELLS.Mice, Nude: Mutant mice homozygous for the recessive gene "nude" which fail to develop a thymus. They are useful in tumor studies and studies on immune responses.Anoikis: APOPTOSIS triggered by loss of contact with the EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX.Epitopes: Sites on an antigen that interact with specific antibodies.Antigens, Surface: Antigens on surfaces of cells, including infectious or foreign cells or viruses. They are usually protein-containing groups on cell membranes or walls and may be isolated.Receptors, Cell Surface: Cell surface proteins that bind signalling molecules external to the cell with high affinity and convert this extracellular event into one or more intracellular signals that alter the behavior of the target cell (From Alberts, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2nd ed, pp693-5). Cell surface receptors, unlike enzymes, do not chemically alter their ligands.Blotting, Northern: Detection of RNA that has been electrophoretically separated and immobilized by blotting on nitrocellulose or other type of paper or nylon membrane followed by hybridization with labeled NUCLEIC ACID PROBES.Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases: A group of enzymes that catalyzes the phosphorylation of serine or threonine residues in proteins, with ATP or other nucleotides as phosphate donors.Cadherins: Calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. They are important in the formation of ADHERENS JUNCTIONS between cells. Cadherins are classified by their distinct immunological and tissue specificities, either by letters (E- for epithelial, N- for neural, and P- for placental cadherins) or by numbers (cadherin-12 or N-cadherin 2 for brain-cadherin). Cadherins promote cell adhesion via a homophilic mechanism as in the construction of tissues and of the whole animal body.Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel: Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.Proline: A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID. It is an essential component of COLLAGEN and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons.Grooming: An animal's cleaning and caring for the body surface. This includes preening, the cleaning and oiling of feathers with the bill or of hair with the tongue.Estrogen Receptor beta: One of the ESTROGEN RECEPTORS that has greater affinity for ISOFLAVONES than ESTROGEN RECEPTOR ALPHA does. There is great sequence homology with ER alpha in the DNA-binding domain but not in the ligand binding and hinge domains.Phosphotyrosine: An amino acid that occurs in endogenous proteins. Tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation plays a role in cellular signal transduction and possibly in cell growth control and carcinogenesis.Chemotaxis: The movement of cells or organisms toward or away from a substance in response to its concentration gradient.3T3 Cells: Cell lines whose original growing procedure consisted being transferred (T) every 3 days and plated at 300,000 cells per plate (J Cell Biol 17:299-313, 1963). Lines have been developed using several different strains of mice. Tissues are usually fibroblasts derived from mouse embryos but other types and sources have been developed as well. The 3T3 lines are valuable in vitro host systems for oncogenic virus transformation studies, since 3T3 cells possess a high sensitivity to CONTACT INHIBITION.Transforming Growth Factor beta1: A subtype of transforming growth factor beta that is synthesized by a wide variety of cells. It is synthesized as a precursor molecule that is cleaved to form mature TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta1 latency-associated peptide. The association of the cleavage products results in the formation a latent protein which must be activated to bind its receptor. Defects in the gene that encodes TGF-beta1 are the cause of CAMURATI-ENGELMANN SYNDROME.

Activation of integrin-beta3-associated syk in platelets. (1/648)

Published data suggest that the tyrosine kinase syk participates in platelet signalling through the integrin alphaIIbbeta3. Our data show an association of syk and integrin beta3 in immunoprecipitates from unstimulated and stimulated platelets. We detected syk in anti-beta3 precipitates and, conversely, beta3 in anti-syk precipitates. In vitro kinase assays with anti-beta3 precipitates demonstrated that syk activity was enhanced in ADP-stimulated platelets.  (+info)

A mutation in the extracellular cysteine-rich repeat region of the beta3 subunit activates integrins alphaIIbbeta3 and alphaVbeta3. (2/648)

Inside-out signaling regulates the ligand-binding function of integrins through changes in receptor affinity and/or avidity. For example, alphaIIbbeta3 is in a low-affinity/avidity state in resting platelets, and activation of the receptor by platelet agonists enables fibrinogen to bind. In addition, certain mutations and truncations of the integrin cytoplasmic tails are associated with a high-affinity/avidity receptor. To further evaluate the structural basis of integrin activation, stable Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell transfectants were screened for high-affinity/avidity variants of alphaIIbbeta3. One clone (AM-1) expressed constitutively active alphaIIbbeta3, as evidenced by (1) binding of soluble fibrinogen and PAC1, a ligand-mimetic antialphaIIbbeta3 antibody; and (2) fibrinogen-dependent cell aggregation. Sequence analysis and mutant expression in 293 cells proved that a single amino acid substitution in the cysteine-rich, extracellular portion of beta3(T562N) was responsible for receptor activation. In fact, T562N also activated alphaVbeta3, leading to spontaneous binding of soluble fibrinogen to 293 cells. In contrast, neither T562A nor T562Q activated alphaIIbbeta3, suggesting that acquisition of asparagine at residue 562 was the relevant variable. T562N also led to aberrant glycosylation of beta3, but this was not responsible for the receptor activation. The binding of soluble fibrinogen to alphaIIbbeta3(T562N) was not sufficient to trigger tyrosine phosphorylation of pp125(FAK), indicating that additional post-ligand binding events are required to activate this protein tyrosine kinase during integrin signaling. These studies have uncovered a novel gain-of-function mutation in a region of beta3 intermediate between the ligand-binding region and the cytoplasmic tail, and they suggest that this region is involved in integrin structural changes during inside-out signaling.  (+info)

Thrombopoietin combined with early-acting growth factors effectively expands human hematopoietic progenitor cells in vitro. (3/648)

Thrombopoietin (TPO) is established as a powerful stimulant of megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet production both in vivo and in vitro. In preparation for future transplantation of ex vivo expanded CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), we have examined the in vitro effect of TPO on cultures of HPC when combined with other early-acting hematopoietic growth factors (GFs) in an attempt to decrease post-transplant thrombocytopenia and accelerate engraftment. By adding TPO to all possible combinations of GM-CSF, IL-3, and c-kit ligand (CKL) in a suspension culture system, we found a significant increase in both relative and absolute numbers of cells in cultures containing TPO of the megakaryocytic lineage and CD34+ cells after 14 days of culture. The most efficient GF combinations for expansion of cell populations of the megakaryocytic lineage and HPCs were TPO, GM-CSF, and CKL, which increased the number of cells of the megakaryocytic lineage 78 fold and the number of CD34+ cells 1.8 fold. The number of CD34+ cells decreased in the cultures containing GM-CSF and CKL with no TPO present, and the number of cells of the megakaryocytic lineage was increased merely 27 fold. Based on our findings, we suggest adding cells from HPCs expanded in cultures containing TPO, GM-CSF, and CKL to unexpanded stem cells for stem cell transplantation.  (+info)

Divalent cations differentially regulate integrin alphaIIb cytoplasmic tail binding to beta3 and to calcium- and integrin-binding protein. (4/648)

We have used recombinant or synthetic alphaIIb and beta3 integrin cytoplasmic peptides to study their in vitro complexation and ligand binding capacity by surface plasmon resonance. alpha.beta heterodimerization occurred in a 1:1 stoichiometry with a weak KD in the micromolar range. Divalent cations were not required for this association but stabilized the alpha.beta complex by decreasing the dissociation rate. alpha.beta complexation was impaired by the R995A substitution or the KVGFFKR deletion in alphaIIb but not by the beta3 S752P mutation. Recombinant calcium- and integrin-binding protein (CIB), an alphaIIb-specific ligand, bound to the alphaIIb cytoplasmic peptide in a Ca2+- or Mn2+-independent, one-to-one reaction with a KD value of 12 microM. In contrast, in vitro liquid phase binding of CIB to intact alphaIIbbeta3 occurred preferentially with Mn2+-activated alphaIIbbeta3 conformers, as demonstrated by enhanced coimmunoprecipitation of CIB with PAC-1-captured Mn2+-activated alphaIIbbeta3, suggesting that Mn2+ activation of intact alphaIIbbeta3 induces the exposure of a CIB-binding site, spontaneously exposed by the free alphaIIb peptide. Since CIB did not stimulate PAC-1 binding to inactive alphaIIbbeta3 nor prevented activated alphaIIbbeta3 occupancy by PAC-1, we conclude that CIB does not regulate alphaIIbbeta3 inside-out signaling, but rather is involved in an alphaIIbbeta3 post-receptor occupancy event.  (+info)

Prothrombotic genetic risk factors in young survivors of myocardial infarction. (5/648)

It has long been thought that an individual thrombotic tendency increases the risk of myocardial infarction, especially in young adults. Several "prothrombotic" genetic factors that may influence the individual thrombotic risk have been identified. To investigate the association between the risk of myocardial infarction at a young age and genetic factors thought to be associated with an increased tendency to thrombosis (the polymorphisms 4G/5G of the PAI-1 gene, PIA1/PIA2 of the platelet glycoprotein IIIa, C3550T of the platelet glycoprotein Ib gene, G10976A of the factor VII gene, C677T of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene, G1691A of the factor V gene, and G20210A of the prothrombin gene), we performed a case-control study evaluating 200 survivors (185 men, 15 women) of myocardial infarction who had experienced the event before the age of 45 years and 200 healthy subjects with a negative exercise test, individually matched for sex, age, and geographic origin with the cases. The presence of the PIA2 polymorphic allele was the only prothrombotic genetic factor associated with the risk of myocardial infarction at a young age. The odds ratio for carriers of the PIA2 allele compared with those of the PIA1 allele was 1.84 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.12 to 3.03). There was a significant interaction between the presence of the PIA2 allele and smoking: with their simultaneous presence, 46% (95% confidence intervals 11% to 81%) of premature myocardial infarctions were attributable to the interaction between the two factors. In conclusion, carrying the PIA2 polymorphic allele of platelet glycoprotein IIIa was the only genetic prothrombotic factor associated with the risk of developing myocardial infarction at a young age. The clinical expression of this genetic predisposition seems to be enhanced by smoking.  (+info)

Inflammatory cytokines synergize with the HIV-1 Tat protein to promote angiogenesis and Kaposi's sarcoma via induction of basic fibroblast growth factor and the alpha v beta 3 integrin. (6/648)

The Tat protein of HIV-1, a transactivator of viral gene expression, is released by acutely infected T cells and, in this form, exerts angiogenic activities. These have linked the protein to the pathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), a vascular tumor frequent and aggressive in HIV-1-infected individuals (AIDS-KS). In this study, we show that a combination of the same inflammatory cytokines increased in KS lesions, namely IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma, synergizes with Tat to promote in nude mice the development of angioproliferative KS-like lesions that are not observed with each factor alone. Inflammatory cytokines induce the tissue expression of both basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), two angiogenic molecules highly produced in primary KS lesions. However, bFGF, but not VEGF, synergizes with Tat in vivo and induces endothelial cells to migrate, to adhere, and to grow in response to Tat in vitro. Tat angiogenic effects correlate with the expression of the alpha v beta 3 integrin that is induced by bFGF and binds the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) region of Tat. In contrast, no correlation is observed with the expression of alpha v beta 5, which is promoted by VEGF and binds Tat basic region. Finally, KS lesion formation induced by bFGF and Tat in nude mice is blocked by antagonists of RGD-binding integrins. Because alpha v beta 3 is an RGD-binding integrin that is highly expressed in primary KS lesions, where it colocalizes with extracellular Tat on vessels and spindle cells, these results suggest that alpha v beta 3 competitors may represent a new strategy for the treatment of AIDS-KS.  (+info)

The human platelet alphaIIb gene is not closely linked to its integrin partner beta3. (7/648)

alphaIIbb3 integrin is a heterodimeric receptor facilitating platelet aggregation. Both genes are on chromosome 17q21.32. Intergenic distance between them has been reported to be 125 to 260 kilobasepairs (kb) by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) genomic analysis, suggesting that they may be regulated coordinately during megakaryopoiesis. In contrast, other studies suggest these genes are greater than 2.0 megabasepairs (mb) apart. Because of the potential biological implications of having these two megakaryocytic-specific genes contiguous, we attempted to resolve this discrepancy. Taking advantage of large kindreds with mutations in either alphaIIb or beta3, we have developed a genetic linkage map between the thyroid receptor hormone-1 gene (THRA1) and beta3 as follows: cen-THRA1-BRCA1-D17S579/alphaIIb-beta3-qte r, with a distance of 1.3 centiMorgans (cM) between alphaIIb and beta3 and the two genes being oriented in the same direction. PFGE genomic and YAC clone analysis showed that the beta3 gene is distal and >/=365 kb upstream of alphaIIb. Additional restriction mapping shows alphaIIb is linked to the erythrocyte band 3 (EPB3) gene, and beta3 to the homeobox HOX2b gene. Analysis of alphaIIb(+)-BAC and P1 clones confirm that the EPB3 gene is approximately 110 kb downstream of the alphaIIb gene. Sequencing the region surrounding the human alphaIIb locus showed the Granulin gene approximately 18 kb downstream to alphaIIb, and the KIAA0553 gene approximately 5.7 kb upstream. This organization is conserved in the murine sequence. These studies show that alphaIIb and beta3 are not closely linked, with alphaIIb flanked by nonmegakaryocytic genes, and imply that they are unlikely to share common regulatory domains during megakaryopoiesis.  (+info)

Identification of a talin-binding site in the integrin beta(3) subunit distinct from the NPLY regulatory motif of post-ligand binding functions. The talin n-terminal head domain interacts with the membrane-proximal region of the beta(3) cytoplasmic tail. (8/648)

Following platelet aggregation, integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3) becomes associated with the platelet cytoskeleton. The conserved NPLY sequence represents a potential beta-turn motif in the beta(3) cytoplasmic tail and has been suggested to mediate the interaction of beta(3) integrins with talin. In the present study, we performed a double mutation (N744Q/P745A) in the integrin beta(3) subunit to test the functional significance of this beta-turn motif. Chinese hamster ovary cells were co-transfected with cDNA constructs encoding mutant beta(3) and wild type alpha(IIb). Cells expressing either wild type (A5) or mutant (D4) alpha(IIb)beta(3) adhered to fibrinogen; however, as opposed to control A5 cells, adherent D4 cells failed to spread, form focal adhesions, or initiate protein tyrosine phosphorylation. To investigate the role of the NPLY motif in talin binding, we examined the ability of the mutant alpha(IIb)beta(3) to interact with talin in a solid phase binding assay. Both wild type and mutant alpha(IIb)beta(3), purified by RGD affinity chromatography, bound to a similar extent to immobilized talin. Additionally, purified talin failed to interact with peptides containing the AKWDTANNPLYK sequence indicating that the talin binding domain in the integrin beta(3) subunit does not reside in the NPLY motif. In contrast, specific binding of talin to peptides containing the membrane-proximal HDRKEFAKFEEERARAK sequence of the beta(3) cytoplasmic tail was observed, and this interaction was blocked by a recombinant protein fragment corresponding to the 47-kDa N-terminal head domain of talin (rTalin-N). In addition, RGD affinity purified platelet alpha(IIb)beta(3) bound dose-dependently to immobilized rTalin-N, indicating that an integrin-binding site is present in the talin N-terminal head domain. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that the NPLY beta-turn motif regulates post-ligand binding functions of alpha(IIb)beta(3) in a manner independent of talin interaction. Moreover, talin was shown to bind through its N-terminal head domain to the membrane-proximal sequence of the beta(3) cytoplasmic tail.  (+info)

anti-Integrin beta 3 (phospho Tyr773) antibody | GeneTexanti-Integrin beta 3 (phospho Tyr773) antibody | GeneTex
Integrin beta 3 (phospho Tyr773) antibody (integrin, beta 3 (platelet glycoprotein IIIa, antigen CD61)) for IHC-P, WB. Anti-Integrin beta 3 (phospho Tyr773) pAb (GTX50134) is tested in Human, Mouse samples. 100% Ab-Assurance.
Human Integrin beta 1 peptide (ab105996) | アブカムHuman Integrin beta 1 peptide (ab105996) | アブカム
Human Integrin beta 1 peptide Peptide datasheet (ab105996). Abcam offers quality products including antibodies, assays and other reagents.
Recombinant Human Integrin beta 1 protein (ab114157) ProtocolsRecombinant Human Integrin beta 1 protein (ab114157) Protocols
There are no specific protocols for Recombinant Human Integrin beta 1 protein (ab114157). Please download our general protocols booklet
Recombinant Human Integrin beta 7 protein (ab114397) ReferencesRecombinant Human Integrin beta 7 protein (ab114397) References
References for Abcams Recombinant Human Integrin beta 7 protein (ab114397). Please let us know if you have used this product in your publication
Integrin beta 7 Antibody, FITC (Monoclonal, FIB504)Integrin beta 7 Antibody, FITC (Monoclonal, FIB504)
Integrin beta 7 Monoclonal Antibody, FITC conjugate from Invitrogen for Flow Cytometry applications. This antibody reacts with Human, Mouse samples. Clone: FIB504. Supplied as 25 Tests purified antibody (5 µl/Test) in PBS with 0.1% gelatin, 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide; pH 7.2.
CD61 (Integrin beta 3) Antibody, Functional Grade (16-0611-82)CD61 (Integrin beta 3) Antibody, Functional Grade (16-0611-82)
Invitrogen Anti-CD61 (Integrin beta 3) Monoclonal (2C9.G3), eBioscience™, Catalog # 16-0611-82. Tested in Flow Cytometry (Flow), Neutralization (Neu) and Functional assay (FN) applications. This antibody reacts with Mouse, Rat samples. Supplied as 100 µg purified antibody (1 mg/mL).
Gentaur Molecular :Exbio \ Mouse Monoclonal to CD29 Integrin beta1 chain, Clone MEM-101A, Isotype IgG1Application FC, IP,...Gentaur Molecular :Exbio \ Mouse Monoclonal to CD29 Integrin beta1 chain, Clone MEM-101A, Isotype IgG1Application FC, IP,...
Gentaur molecular products has all kinds of products like :search , Exbio \ Mouse Monoclonal to CD29 Integrin beta1 chain, Clone MEM-101A, Isotype IgG1Application FC, IP, WB Concentration 1 mg ml \ 11-219-C100 for more molecular products just contact us
Integrin beta 5 Mouse anti-Hamster, Human, Mouse, FITC, Clone: KN52, eBioscience | Fisher ScientificIntegrin beta 5 Mouse anti-Hamster, Human, Mouse, FITC, Clone: KN52, eBioscience | Fisher Scientific
Shop a large selection of products and learn more about Integrin beta 5 Mouse anti-Hamster, Human, Mouse, FITC, Clone: KN52, eBioscience 25 Tests; FITC.
Produktübersicht anti-Integrin beta 4 AntikörperProduktübersicht anti-Integrin beta 4 Antikörper
Monoklonale und polyklonale Integrin beta 4 Antikörper für viele Methoden. Ausgesuchte Qualitäts-Hersteller für Integrin beta 4 Antikörper. Hier bestellen.
Integrin beta 4/CD104 Antibody (UM-A9) [DyLight 755] (NBP2-34507IR): Novus BiologicalsIntegrin beta 4/CD104 Antibody (UM-A9) [DyLight 755] (NBP2-34507IR): Novus Biologicals
Mouse Monoclonal Anti-Integrin beta 4/CD104 Antibody (UM-A9) [DyLight 755]. Validated: WB, ELISA, Flow, ICC/IF, IHC-Fr. Tested Reactivity: Human. 100% Guaranteed.
抗体データ】 Novus NBP2-22191 Integrin beta 1 Antibody (3B6) - バイオインパクト抗体検索・比較サイト抗体データ】 Novus NBP2-22191 Integrin beta 1 Antibody (3B6) - バイオインパクト抗体検索・比較サイト
抗体製品の詳細ページです。バイオインパクト抗体検索・比較サイト は、20万件以上の抗体を検索し、比較できる画期的な抗体検索・比較サイトです。研究のための最高の抗体を見つけるのを支援します。
Integrin linked ILK抗体[EP1593Y] Integrin linked ILK重组抗体| Abcam中国Integrin linked ILK抗体[EP1593Y] Integrin linked ILK重组抗体| Abcam中国
Integrin linked ILK兔单克隆抗体[EP1593Y](ab52480)可与小鼠, 大鼠, 牛, 人, 非洲绿猴样本反应并经WB, IP, IHC, ICC, Flow Cyt实验严格验证，被4篇文献引用。
Anti-Integrin beta 3 抗体 [PM6/13] (ab33171)Anti-Integrin beta 3 抗体 [PM6/13] (ab33171)
マウス・モノクローナル抗体 ab33171 交差種: Hu,Bb 適用: WB,IP,IHC-Fr,Flow Cyt…Integrin beta 3抗体一覧…画像、プロトコール、文献などWeb上の情報が満載のアブカムの Antibody…
Gentaur Molecular :FabGennix \ Integrin linked kinase, WB control \ PC-ILKGentaur Molecular :FabGennix \ Integrin linked kinase, WB control \ PC-ILK
Gentaur molecular products has all kinds of products like :search , FabGennix \ Integrin linked kinase, WB control \ PC-ILK for more molecular products just contact us
The microenvironment controls invadosome plasticity | Journal of Cell ScienceThe microenvironment controls invadosome plasticity | Journal of Cell Science
Invadosomes are actin-based structures involved in extracellular matrix degradation. Invadosomes is a term that includes podosomes and invadopodia, which decorate normal and tumour cells, respectively. They are mainly organised into dots or rosettes, and podosomes and invadopodia are often compared and contrasted. Various internal or external stimuli have been shown to induce their formation and/or activity. In this Commentary, we address the impact of the microenvironment and the role of matrix receptors on the formation, and dynamic and degradative activities of invadosomes. In particular, we highlight recent findings regarding the role of type I collagen fibrils in inducing the formation of a new linear organisation of invadosomes. We will also discuss invadosome plasticity more generally and emphasise its physio-pathological relevance. ...
Embryonic mesodermal defects in alpha 5 integrin-deficient mice | DevelopmentEmbryonic mesodermal defects in alpha 5 integrin-deficient mice | Development
A loss of function mutation of the murine alpha 5 integrin gene generated by gene targeting in embryonic stem cells is a recessive embryonic lethal. The mutant embryos start to show observable defects by day 9 of gestation and die around day 10-11. The alpha 5-null embryos have pronounced defects in posterior trunk and yolk sac mesodermal structures, suggesting a role for alpha 5 beta 1 integrin in mesoderm formation, movement or function. However, the embryos progress significantly further than embryos null for fibronectin, for which alpha 5 beta 1 integrin is a receptor, suggesting the involvement of other fibronectin receptors. In vitro studies on cells derived from the alpha 5-null embryos confirm that the alpha 5 beta 1 integrin is not expressed on mutant cells and show that the mutant cells are able to assemble fibronectin matrix, form focal contacts, and migrate on fibronectin despite the complete absence of the alpha 5 beta 1 fibronectin receptor integrin. All these functions have ...
Phospho-Tyrosine(s) vs. Phosphatidylinositol Binding in Shc Mediated Integrin SignalingPhospho-Tyrosine(s) vs. Phosphatidylinositol Binding in Shc Mediated Integrin Signaling
The Shc adaptor protein, particularly its p52 isoform, has been identified as a primary signaling partner for the tyrosine(s)-phosphorylated cytoplasmic tails of activated β3 integrins. Inspired by our recent structure of the Shc PTB domain in complex with a bi-phosphorylated peptide derived from β3 cytoplasmic tail, we have initiated the investigation of Shc interaction with phospholipids of the membrane. We are particularly focused on PtdIns and their effects on Shc mediated integrin signaling in vitro. Here we present thermodynamic profiles and molecular details of the interactions between Shc, integrin, and PtdIns, all of which have been studied by ITC and solution NMR methods. A model of p52 Shc interaction with phosphorylated β3 integrin cytoplasmic tail at the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane is proposed based on these data.
Integrin beta 1 Polyclonal Antibody, Cy7 Conjugated - BiossIntegrin beta 1 Polyclonal Antibody, Cy7 Conjugated - Bioss
Integrins alpha-1/beta-1, alpha-2/beta-1, alpha-10/beta-1 and alpha-11/beta-1 are receptors for collagen. Integrins alpha-1/beta-1 and alpha-2/beta-2 recognize the proline-hydroxylated sequence G-F-P-G-E-R in collagen. Integrins alpha-2/beta-1, alpha-3/beta-1, alpha-4/beta-1, alpha-5/beta-1, alpha-8/beta-1, alpha-10/beta-1, alpha-11/beta-1 and alpha-V/beta-1 are receptors for fibronectin. Alpha-4/beta-1 recognizes one or more domains within the alternatively spliced CS-1 and CS-5 regions of fibronectin. Integrin alpha-5/beta-1 is a receptor for fibrinogen. Integrin alpha-1/beta-1, alpha-2/beta-1, alpha-6/beta-1 and alpha-7/beta-1 are receptors for lamimin. Integrin alpha-4/beta-1 is a receptor for VCAM1. It recognizes the sequence Q-I-D-S in VCAM1. Integrin alpha-9/beta-1 is a receptor for VCAM1, cytotactin and osteopontin. It recognizes the sequence A-E-I-D-G-I-E-L in cytotactin. Integrin alpha-3/beta-1 is a receptor for epiligrin, thrombospondin and CSPG4. Alpha-3/beta-1 may mediate with ...
Anti-Rat (Rattus) Integrin beta 2 antibody for Immunofluorescence (Paraffin-embedded Sections) (IF (p))Anti-Rat (Rattus) Integrin beta 2 antibody for Immunofluorescence (Paraffin-embedded Sections) (IF (p))
Compare & find the top performing anti-Rat (Rattus) Integrin beta 2 antibody for Immunofluorescence (Paraffin-embedded Sections) (IF (p)).
Anti-Human Integrin beta 2 antibody for Immunofluorescence (Paraffin-embedded Sections) (IF (p))Anti-Human Integrin beta 2 antibody for Immunofluorescence (Paraffin-embedded Sections) (IF (p))
Compare & find the top performing anti-Human Integrin beta 2 antibody for Immunofluorescence (Paraffin-embedded Sections) (IF (p)).
CD29 (Integrin beta 1) Mouse anti-Human, PE, Clone: TS2/16, eBioscience | Fisher ScientificCD29 (Integrin beta 1) Mouse anti-Human, PE, Clone: TS2/16, eBioscience | Fisher Scientific
Shop a large selection of products and learn more about CD29 (Integrin beta 1) Mouse anti-Human, PE, Clone: TS2/16, eBioscience 25 Tests; PE.
中国科学院大连化学物理研究所机构知识库(DICP OpenIR): Disruption of disulfide restriction at integrin knees induces activation and ligand...中国科学院大连化学物理研究所机构知识库(DICP OpenIR): Disruption of disulfide restriction at integrin knees induces activation and ligand...
Control of integrin activation and signaling plays crucial roles in cell adhesion, spreading and migration. Here, we report that selective breakage of two conserved disulfide bonds located at the knees of integrin alpha(4)C589-C594 and beta(7)C494-C526 activated alpha(4)beta(7). This activated integrin had a unique structure that was different from the typical extended conformation of active integrin. In addition, these activated alpha(4)beta(7) integrins spontaneously clustered on the cell membrane and triggered integrin downstream signaling independent of ligand binding. Although these disulfide bonds were not broken during alpha(4)beta(7) activation by inside-out signaling or Mn2+, they could be specifically reduced by 0.1 mM dithiothreitol, a reducing strength that could be produced in vivo under certain conditions. Our findings reveal a novel mechanism of integrin activation under specific reducing conditions by which integrin can signal and promote cell spreading in the absence of ligand ...
008698 - B6.129S2-Itgb3|tm1Hyn|/J008698 - B6.129S2-Itgb3|tm1Hyn|/J
These integrin beta 3 targeted mutant mice exhibit significant embryonic lethality attributed to fetal hemorrhaging and placental defects. This mutant mouse strain represents a model that may be useful in studies related to Glanzmann thrombasthenia.
008699 - C.129S2-Itgb3|tm1Hyn|/J008699 - C.129S2-Itgb3|tm1Hyn|/J
These integrin beta 3 targeted mutant mice exhibit significant embryonic lethality attributed to fetal hemorrhaging and placental defects. This mutant mouse strain represents a model that may be useful in studies related to Glanzmann thrombasthenia.
anti-Integrin beta 1 / CD29 antibody [HM beta 1-1] | GeneTexanti-Integrin beta 1 / CD29 antibody [HM beta 1-1] | GeneTex
Integrin beta 1 / CD29 antibody [HM beta 1-1] (integrin beta 1 (fibronectin receptor beta)) for FACS, IP. Anti-Integrin beta 1 / CD29 mAb (GTX42117) is tested in Mouse, Rat samples. 100% Ab-Assurance.
A model for the bent conformation responsible for the r | Open-iA model for the bent conformation responsible for the r | Open-i
A model for the bent conformation responsible for the regulation of the initial step of filament assembly. We propose that regulation of the initial step of fil
Integrin beta 2/CD18 Antibody (MEM-48) [Biotin] (NBP1-44612): Novus BiologicalsIntegrin beta 2/CD18 Antibody (MEM-48) [Biotin] (NBP1-44612): Novus Biologicals
Mouse Monoclonal Anti-Integrin beta 2/CD18 Antibody (MEM-48) [Biotin]. Validated: Flow. Tested Reactivity: Human. 100% Guaranteed.
Dose response effect of β1 integrin siRNA on MMP-2 act | Open-iDose response effect of β1 integrin siRNA on MMP-2 act | Open-i
Dose response effect of β1 integrin siRNA on MMP-2 activation in MCF-7-MT1 cells. (A): Cells were plated and transfected with β1 integrin siRNA. Serial diluti
Addgene: Beta NuAddgene: Beta Nu
Plasmid Beta Nu from Dr. Richard Hyness lab contains the insert Drosphila Beta Nu Integrin and is published in Development. 1993 Jul . 118(3):845-58. This plasmid is available through Addgene.
Src kinase activation by direct interaction with the integrin beta cytoplasmic domainSrc kinase activation by direct interaction with the integrin beta cytoplasmic domain
Src tyrosine kinases transmit integrin-dependent signals pivotal for cell movement and proliferation. Here, we establish a mechanism for Src activation by integrins. c-Src is shown to bind constitutively and selectively to beta3 integrins through an interaction involving the c-Src SH3 domain and the …
JCI - WelcomeJCI - Welcome
The adhesion receptors known as integrins perform key functions for hematopoietic cells. The platelet integrin αIIbβ3 is critical in hemostasis, and the β1 and β2 integrins on leukocytes have many roles in cell-mediated immunity. Mutations in the β2 subunit lead to integrin nonexpression and to an immune deficiency, leukocyte adhesion deficiency-1. Mutations in either the α or β subunit of αIIbβ3 usually lead to integrin nonexpression and a bleeding tendency termed Glanzmann thrombasthenia. Here we describe a unique patient with clinical features of both Glanzmann thrombasthenia and leukocyte adhesion deficiency-1. The patient has normal expression of β1, β2, and β3 integrins, but all are dysfunctional. The key findings are that "inside-out" signaling pathways leading to integrin activation are defective and that this is associated with abnormal integrin clustering. The integrins themselves are intact and capable of function following extracellular stimulation. T cell motility is ...
The Integrin Equilibrium: Balancing Protein-Protein and Protein-Lipid by David Thomas Moore"The Integrin Equilibrium: Balancing Protein-Protein and Protein-Lipid " by David Thomas Moore
On circulating platelets, the integrin fibrinogen receptor &alphaIIb&beta3 favors inactive conformations. Platelets rapidly activate &alphaIIb&beta3 to bind fibrinogen, mediating a platelet clot. Resting &alphaIIb&beta3 is stabilized by interactions between the &alphaIIb and &beta3 transmembrane domains. Binding of talin-1 and kindlin-3 to the integrin cytoplasmic domain stabilizes separation of the TMs and receptor activation. Src family kinases are needed for transmission of extracellular signals into the cell. We have sought to better understand how signals are transmitted across the &alphaIIb&beta3 TM domain. First we characterized the structure and dynamics of the active and inactive integrin cytoplasmic domain to determine how motifs that bind talin-1 and kindlin-3 are affected by the integrin activation state and the membrane environment. The &alphaIIb&beta3 cytoplasmic domain is disorded, while the &beta3 subunit contains two &alpha-helices, which interact with the phospholipid bilayer. The
Integrin beta 3抗体(Phycoerythrin)[VIPL2]|Anti-Integrin beta 3抗体(Phycoerythrin)[VIPL2]Integrin beta 3抗体(Phycoerythrin)[VIPL2]|Anti-Integrin beta 3抗体(Phycoerythrin)[VIPL2]
Phycoerythrin偶联Integrin beta 3抗体[VIPL2](ab91128)可与人样本反应并经Flow Cyt实验严格验证，实验条件参看说明书。Abcam对所有产品均提供质保服务，中国75%以上现货。
Discoidin domain receptor 1 controls linear invadosome formation via a Cdc42-Tuba pathway | JCBDiscoidin domain receptor 1 controls linear invadosome formation via a Cdc42-Tuba pathway | JCB
Because DDR1 is an RTK, we investigated the role of its kinase activity in invadosome formation. We demonstrated, using nilotinib as an inhibitor as well as blocking antibodies, that DDR1 kinase activity is not necessary for the formation of linear invadosomes. This is in agreement with our previous observations. Indeed, we found that linear invadosomes already appear within 10 min of cell seeding on type I collagen, a kinetic that is not compatible with DDR autophosphorylation, a slow process requiring ,30 min before being detectable (Shrivastava et al., 1997; Vogel et al., 1997; Juin et al., 2012). Interestingly, it was previously shown that the role of DDR1 in promoting collective migration was also independent of its kinase activity (Hidalgo-Carcedo et al., 2011). In our hands, the lack of requirement for c-Src activity, demonstrated with both a pharmacological antagonist and the use of SYF cells, is also in line with these findings because it was shown that c-Src was necessary for the full ...
Glanzmann Thrombasthenia (GT)Glanzmann Thrombasthenia (GT)
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ENFERMEDAD DE GLANZMANN PDFENFERMEDAD DE GLANZMANN PDF
... - Cristian «Chrigel» Glanzmann (nacido como Christian Oliver Ivan Glanzmann en en Basilea, Suiza) es el vocalista de la banda de folk metal Eluveitie.
Cross-references: Integrin beta subunit, VWA domain (IPR002369) | InterPro | EMBL-EBICross-references: Integrin beta subunit, VWA domain (IPR002369) | InterPro | EMBL-EBI
InterPro provides functional analysis of proteins by classifying them into families and predicting domains and important sites. We combine protein signatures from a number of member databases into a single searchable resource, capitalising on their individual strengths to produce a powerful integrated database and diagnostic tool.
OriGene - ITGB4 (NM 001005619) Human ORF cDNA CloneOriGene - ITGB4 (NM 001005619) Human ORF cDNA Clone
ITGB4 - ITGB4 (Myc-DDK-tagged)-Human integrin, beta 4 (ITGB4), transcript variant 2 available for purchase from OriGene - Your Gene Company.
Inside-out integrin signallingInside-out integrin signalling
Integrins are expressed by virtually all cells and play key roles in a range of cellular processes. Changes in the integrin surface repertoire provide a means of altering the strength and ligand preferences of cell adhesion. Recent research has examined the affinity modulation of integrins, a rapid …
Integrin beta-1 Antibody 12594-1-AP | ProteintechIntegrin beta-1 Antibody 12594-1-AP | Proteintech
Integrin beta-1 antibody Rabbit Polyclonal from Proteintech validated in Western Blot (WB), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunofluorescence (IF), Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) applications. This antibody reacts with human,mouse,rat samples. Cat.No. 12594-1-AP.
OriGene - ITGB2 (NM 000211) shRNAOriGene - ITGB2 (NM 000211) shRNA
ITGB2 - ITGB2 - Human, 4 unique 29mer shRNA constructs in retroviral RFP vector shRNA available for purchase from OriGene - Your Gene Company.
Mental Disorders in Mid-Life and Older Adulthood May Be Substantially More Prevalent Than Previously Reported - 2013 - Press...Mental Disorders in Mid-Life and Older Adulthood May Be Substantially More Prevalent Than Previously Reported - 2013 - Press...
Common methods of assessing mental or physical disorders may consistently underestimate the prevalence of mental disorders among middle-aged and older adults, a new study from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health has found.. The analysis, led by postdoctoral fellow Dr. Yoichiro Takayanagi, and published in the January 8 online edition of JAMA Psychiatry, reveals substantial discrepancies among mid-life and late-life adults in reporting past mental health disorders, including depression, compared with physical disorders such as arthritis and hypertension.. "The takeaway is that lifetime estimates based on [participant] recall in cross-sectional surveys underestimate the occurrences of mental disorders over the lifetime," said Ramin Mojtabai, MD, PhD, MPH, MA, associate professor in the Bloomberg Schools Department of Mental Health and senior author of the study.. The findings are believed to be the first to examine retrospective evaluations versus cumulative assessments among ...
Glanzmann Thrombasthenia Workup: Laboratory Studies, Histologic FindingsGlanzmann Thrombasthenia Workup: Laboratory Studies, Histologic Findings
Glanzmann thrombasthenia is a genetic platelet disorder in which the platelet have qualitative or quantitative deficiencies of the fibrinogen receptor αIIbβ3. The genes of both of these proteins are on chromosome 17, and 50% activity of each protein is enough to support normal platelet aggregation.
What is Glanzmann thrombasthenia of platelet disorder?What is Glanzmann thrombasthenia of platelet disorder?
Glanzmann thrombasthenia results from a deficiency of the GP IIb/IIIa complex. Platelets do not aggregate to any agents except ristocetin. The more severe type I results from a complete absence of the... more
TROMBASTENIA DE GLANZMANN PDFTROMBASTENIA DE GLANZMANN PDF
... - 29 Dec Glanzmann thrombasthenia is a genetic platelet disorder in which the platelet have qualitative or quantitative deficiencies of the fibrinogen.
Integrin alpha-4 subunit | definition of integrin alpha-4 subunit by Medical dictionaryIntegrin alpha-4 subunit | definition of integrin alpha-4 subunit by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of integrin alpha-4 subunit in the Medical Dictionary? integrin alpha-4 subunit explanation free. What is integrin alpha-4 subunit? Meaning of integrin alpha-4 subunit medical term. What does integrin alpha-4 subunit mean?
Talin regulates integrin β1-dependent and -independent cell functions in ureteric bud development | DevelopmentTalin regulates integrin β1-dependent and -independent cell functions in ureteric bud development | Development
Fig. 6. Talin 1 head domain binding to integrin β1 in a bilayer environment is decreased by a mutation in the membrane-proximal NPxY motif of integrin β1. The unlabeled talin head domain (F0-F3) was titrated into a solution containing the 15N-labeled integrin β1 TM/CTD domain in D7PC/POPC/POPS bicelles (as described in the Materials and Methods). 1H,15N-TROSY NMR experiments were carried out. (A) Superimposed NMR spectra of 15N-labeled wild-type integrin β1 TM/CTD (0.2 mM) in the presence of different concentrations of unlabeled talin head domain (F0-F3): black (0 μM), pink (2 μM), green (5 μM), yellow (10 μM), blue (25 μM) and red (50 μM). Not shown is the spectrum for an additional titration point at 75 µM talin F0-F3, where the peaks disappeared completely, indicative of complete saturation to form a spectroscopically invisible complex. (B) Fit of talin head titration data using a 1:1 binding model (Eqn 1 in the Materials and Methods) for complex formation between the talin 1 head ...
Regulation of beta 4-integrin expression by epigenetic modifications i by Xiaofang Yang, Bryan Pursell et al."Regulation of beta 4-integrin expression by epigenetic modifications i" by Xiaofang Yang, Bryan Pursell et al.
The beta 4 integrin is expressed in epithelial cells, a few other cell types and in some carcinomas. Despite this restricted expression pattern and the functional importance of beta 4 integrin in epithelial and carcinoma biology, little is known about how its expression is regulated. Here, we assessed the epigenetic regulation of beta 4 integrin based on the presence of a large CpG island in the beta 4-integrin gene promoter. We separated basal (beta 4+) and luminal (beta 4-) epithelial cells from the mammary glands of K14-eGFP mice and demonstrated that the beta 4-integrin promoter is unmethylated in basal cells and methylated in luminal cells. We also observed that expression of beta 4 integrin and E-cadherin is lost during the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of mammary gland cells induced by transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta), which is coincident with de novo DNA methylation, a decrease in active histone modifications (H3K9Ac and H3K4me3) and an increase in the repressive histone
Disruption of disulfide restriction at integrin knees induces activation and ligand-independent signaling of α4β7 | Journal of...Disruption of disulfide restriction at integrin knees induces activation and ligand-independent signaling of α4β7 | Journal of...
A major finding of our present study is that integrin α4β7 can be activated by selectively breaking two conserved disulfide bonds, α4C589-C594 and β7C494-C526, located at the knees of integrin. Interestingly, integrin activated by this mechanism has a unique active conformation that is different from the global conformation induced by Mn2+ stimulation. In addition, activated α4β7 integrin can spontaneously cluster on the cell membrane and trigger integrin outside-in signaling independent of ligand binding.. All integrins contain a large number of disulfide bonds that are generally believed to facilitate protein folding and stabilize three-dimensional structures (Calvete et al., 1991). The two disulfide bonds at the knees of integrin α4β7 are exposed to solution, making them easily accessible to reducing agents. In this study, these two disulfide bonds were selectively reduced by 0.1 mM DTT, which induced the activation of integrin α4β7 and triggered outside-in signaling. Accumulating ...
CD61 - WikipediaCD61 - Wikipedia
Integrin beta-3 (β3) or CD61 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ITGB3 gene. CD61 is a cluster of differentiation found on thrombocytes. The ITGB3 protein product is the integrin beta chain beta 3. Integrins are integral cell-surface proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. A given chain may combine with multiple partners resulting in different integrins. Integrin beta 3 is found along with the alpha IIb chain in platelets. Integrins are known to participate in cell adhesion as well as cell-surface-mediated signaling. Defectively expressed β3 integrin subunit has been correlated with presence of endometriosis, and has been suggested as a putative marker of this condition. CD61 has been shown to interact with PTK2, ITGB3BP, TLN1 and CIB1. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000259207 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020689 - Ensembl, May 2017 "Human PubMed Reference:". "Mouse PubMed Reference:". Sosnoski DM, Emanuel BS, ...
MEDICAMEDICA
Academic Dissertations;Academic Dissertations--South Carolina;src-Family Kinases;Cardiomegaly;Integrin beta1;Integrin beta3;Integrin alphaVbeta3;Integrin beta Chains;Platelet Membrane ...
MEDICAMEDICA
Academic Dissertations;Academic Dissertations--South Carolina;src-Family Kinases;Cardiomegaly;Integrin beta1;Integrin beta3;Integrin alphaVbeta3;Integrin beta Chains;Platelet Membrane ...
Genetic studies of SH3PXD2B and its contributions to ocular diseases by Mao Mao"Genetic studies of SH3PXD2B and its contributions to ocular diseases" by Mao Mao
In cultured cells, the adaptor protein SH3PXD2B is capable of recruiting a variety of proteins involved in invadosome assembly and function. It is therefore considered as an essential organizer of invadosomes active in cellular responses that require extracellular matrix degradation. Despite increasing knowledge about its properties and functions at the molecular and cellular levels, its physiological role in whole animals has not previously been assessed. Here, we present that SH3PXD2B is essential for normal postnatal development and disrupting SH3PXD2B can lead to glaucoma. Our work on SH3PXD2B is based on nee, a spontaneous mutation in mice which arose on an inbred background. Mice homozygous for the nee mutation were initially noted to exhibit runted growth, craniofacial abnormalities and ocular defects. Our additional physiological characterization has uncovered skeletal abnormalities, hearing impairment, infertility and a form of lipodystrophy. Using genetic mapping and DNA sequencing, the cause
EXBIO Antibodies Product Data SheetEXBIO Antibodies Product Data Sheet
CD11b (integrin alphaM subunit) is a 165-170 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein that non-covalently associates with integrin beta2 subunit (CD18); expression of the CD11b chain on the cell surface requires the presence of the CD18 antigen. CD11b/CD18 integrin (Mac-1, CR3) is highly expressed on NK cells, neutrophils, monocytes and less on macrophages. CD11b/CD18 integrin is implicated in various adhesive interactions of monocytes, macrophages and granulocytes, facilitating their diapedesis, as well as it mediates the uptake of complement coated particles, serving as a receptor for the iC3b fragment of the third complement component ...
statistics - Find distribution of $U=(Y-X 1\hat{\beta 1})^T(Y-X 1\hat{\beta 1})$. - Mathematics Stack Exchangestatistics - Find distribution of $U=(Y-X 1\hat{\beta 1})^T(Y-X 1\hat{\beta 1})$. - Mathematics Stack Exchange
I need to find distribution of $U=(Y-X_1\hat{\beta_1})^T(Y-X_1\hat{\beta_1})$. Suppose a linear model $Y= X\beta +\varepsilon$ where $\varepsilon \sim N(0,\sigma ^2I)$. Write $X=[X_1;X_2]$ where $X_1$ are the first $p_1$ columns of $X$ nad $X_2$ are the last $p_2$ columns. Similary split $\beta ^T =(\beta_1^T; \beta_2^T)$.. I computed:. $\operatorname E(Y - X_1\hat{\beta_1}) = X\beta - X_1\beta _1$. $\operatorname{var}(Y - X_1\hat{\beta_1}) = \sigma ^2(I-H_1)$. where $(I-H_1)$ is idemotent matrix. Then I computed $(I-H_1)(X\beta - X_1\beta _1) =0$. Here I stopped and I do not know what I need to do next.. Thank you for any help.. ...
Integrin Protocols | Springer for Research & DevelopmentIntegrin Protocols | Springer for Research & Development
In Integrin Protocols, Anthony Howlett and a distinguished panel of experimentalists describe in detail a series of cutting-edge methods for dissecting the role of integrins in biological processes. T
ITGB3 - WicipediaITGB3 - Wicipedia
Yn aml mae gan enynnau lawer o gyfystyron. Mae hyn oherwydd eu bod yn aml yn cael eu darganfod gan nifer o bobl mewn cyd-destunau gwahanol heb wybod mair un genynnau oeddyn nhw. Hefyd mae gan wahanol gymunedau gwyddonol safonau gwahanol ar gyfer enwi genynnau. Dyma restr o gyfystyron ar gyfer y genyn ITGB3. ...
CD11b αM Integrin (44) | ALZFORUMCD11b αM Integrin (44) | ALZFORUM
If you know of any papers that use this antibody, please contact us at antibodies [at] alzforum [dot] org for consideration in the References section.. ...
Etizola Beta - Drugs.comEtizola Beta - Drugs.com
Etizola Beta is a medicine available in a number of countries worldwide. A list of US medications equivalent to Etizola Beta is available on the Drugs.com website.
Difference between v2.9.0.0 and the previous beta (Page 1) - Forex Strategies - Forex ForumDifference between v2.9.0.0 and the previous beta (Page 1) - Forex Strategies - Forex Forum
... - Testing and Trading Forex Strategies
ChangeLog for kde-base/khangmanChangeLog for kde-base/khangman
khangman-3.4.0_beta2.ebuild: Ebuild for 3.4.0_beta2. Note that beta2 has NOT been released as of this date. This ebuild is for inside testing by the KDE team, and is of course package.masked. *khangman-3.4.0_beta1 (15 Jan 2005) 15 Jan 2005; Dan Armak ...
ReblockGVCF (BETA) - GATKReblockGVCF (BETA) - GATK
include ../../../../common/include/common.php; include_once ../../../config.php; $module = modules::GATK; $name =...
VariantEval (BETA) - GATKVariantEval (BETA) - GATK
include ../../../../common/include/common.php; include_once ../../../config.php; $module = modules::GATK; $name =...
Patch K for KAVKISKTSKFA 2018 | Beta TestingPatch K for KAVKISKTSKFA 2018 | Beta Testing
Мы запустили тестирование патча для нашего продукта. В этом топике вы можете писать ваши мысли или обсуждения по патчу. Все найденые проблемы необходимо публиковать в специальную тему на форуме, в этой теме баг репорты не принимаются.
ITGA2BITGA2B
CD61CD61
GPVIGPVI
ITGB3BPITGB3BP
ITGAVITGAV
GranulinGranulin
VitaxinVitaxin
VitronectinVitronectin
CHL1CHL1
AMPA receptorAMPA receptor
Gabriella Campadelli-FiumeGabriella Campadelli-Fiume
MYOM1MYOM1
PTK2PTK2
FERMT3FERMT3
Bone sialoproteinBone sialoprotein
GPR124GPR124
Poliovirus receptor-related 3Poliovirus receptor-related 3
PoliovirusPoliovirus
ANGPTL3ANGPTL3
PhagocytosisPhagocytosis
Lee Byung-heon (biochemist)Lee Byung-heon (biochemist)
Tumor microenvironmentTumor microenvironment
Marta FilizolaMarta Filizola
PeriostinPeriostin
Integrin-linked kinaseIntegrin-linked kinase
Alpha-v beta-3Alpha-v beta-3
TLN1TLN1
Outline of immunologyOutline of immunology
Integrin, beta 5Integrin, beta 5
LTBP3LTBP3
عامل النمو شبيه الانسولين-1 - ويكيبيديا، الموسوعة الحرةعامل النمو شبيه الانسولين-1 - ويكيبيديا، الموسوعة الحرة
AMPA receptorAMPA receptor
Integrin beta 3Integrin beta 3
فاکتور رشد شبه انسولین ۱ - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزادفاکتور رشد شبه انسولین ۱ - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
Integrin alpha 2bIntegrin alpha 2b
胰岛素样生长因子1 - 维基百科，自由胰岛素样生长因子1 - 维基百科，自由
PoliovirusPoliovirus
LamininLaminin
EndoglinEndoglin
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation Science
Integrin beta3Integrin beta4Integrin beta ChainsAntigens, CD29IntegrinsIntegrin alphaVbeta3Integrin alpha5beta1Integrin alpha6beta4Cell AdhesionIntegrin alpha5Integrin alpha6Integrin alpha ChainsIntegrin alphaVIntegrin alpha3beta1Integrin alpha2Integrin alpha2beta1Integrin alpha4Integrin alpha6beta1TalinIntegrin alpha3Integrin alpha1Integrin alpha1beta1Receptors, VitronectinFibronectinsCell MovementHemidesmosomesAntigens, CD18Interleukin-1betaLamininSignal TransductionMolecular Sequence DataPlatelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa ComplexCells, CulturedAmino Acid SequenceExtracellular MatrixAntigens, CDCell Linebeta 2-MicroglobulinVitronectinReceptors, FibronectinFocal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine KinasesOligopeptidesPlatelet Membrane GlycoproteinsCytoplasmCell Adhesion MoleculesProtein BindingFocal Adhesion Kinase 1CHO CellsFilaminsPhosphorylationCricetinaeFocal AdhesionsTransfectionPlectinCell Line, TumorReceptors, Adrenergic, betaTransforming Growth Factor betaLigandsReceptors, CollagenProtein Structure, TertiaryFibrinogenReceptors, LamininBinding SitesThrombastheniaCollagenFlow CytometryAntibodies, MonoclonalCytoskeletonBase SequenceRNA, MessengerIntegrin alphaXbeta2Recombinant ProteinsClot RetractionRNA, Small InterferingTumor Cells, CulturedPaxillinPrecipitin TestsPlatelet Membrane Glycoprotein IIbLymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1Blotting, Westernsrc-Family KinasesMice, KnockoutFluorescent Antibody TechniqueBlood PlateletsVinculinRecombinant Fusion Proteinsrac1 GTP-Binding ProteinCell ProliferationCell DifferentiationDown-RegulationMutationAntibodiesContractile ProteinsEpithelial CellsMice, Inbred C57BLReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionMacromolecular SubstancesMacrophage-1 AntigenImmunohistochemistryGene Expression RegulationExtracellular Matrix ProteinsGene ExpressionFibroblastsSequence Homology, Amino AcidCytoskeletal ProteinsUp-RegulationProtein ConformationEnzyme ActivationCell MembraneEpidermolysis Bullosa, JunctionalProtein-Tyrosine KinasesPeptide FragmentsNeoplasm InvasivenessActinsProtein SubunitsEndothelial CellsRNA InterferenceKeratinocytesMicroscopy, Fluorescencebeta 2-Glycoprotein IModels, BiologicalCricetulusPlatelet AdhesivenessMembrane ProteinsEndothelium, VascularAmino Acid MotifsIntegrin alpha4beta1Models, MolecularCloning, MolecularTyrosineDNA PrimersPhenotypeDNA, ComplementaryReceptors, Adrenergic, beta-2Collagen Type IImmunoprecipitationMutagenesis, Site-DirectedNeoplasm MetastasisImmunoblottingDose-Response Relationship, DrugTime FactorsAntigens, CD151Platelet AggregationNeoplasm MicrometastasisInterleukin-1Platelet ActivationMembrane GlycoproteinsCOS CellsKineticsOsteopontinIntercellular Adhesion Molecule-1Cell DivisionReceptors, Very Late AntigenSubcommissural OrganMyofibroblastsSafroleCell SurvivalDesmosomesWound HealingCrk-Associated Substrate ProteinBasement MembraneMice, TransgenicProtein IsoformsMicrofilament ProteinsCarrier ProteinsApoptosisMicroscopy, ConfocalCalpainPeptidesGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticPolymerase Chain ReactionReceptors, Adrenergic, beta-1Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP KinasesGlycogen Synthase Kinase 3EpitheliumSkinReceptors, CytoadhesinAmino Acid SubstitutionProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktStructure-Activity RelationshipPhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesVascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1Sequence AlignmentPhosphoproteinsCell SizeMice, NudeAnoikisEpitopesAntigens, SurfaceReceptors, Cell SurfaceBlotting, NorthernProtein-Serine-Threonine KinasesCadherinsElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelProlineGroomingEstrogen Receptor betaPhosphotyrosineChemotaxis3T3 CellsTransforming Growth Factor beta1
anti-Integrin beta 3 (phospho Tyr773) antibody | GeneTexanti-Integrin beta 3 (phospho Tyr773) antibody | GeneTex
Anti-Integrin beta 3 抗体 [PM6/13] (ab33171)Anti-Integrin beta 3 抗体 [PM6/13] (ab33171)
Integrin beta3 Leu33Pro polymorphism increases BRCA1-associated ovarian cancer risk. - PubMed - NCBIIntegrin beta3 Leu33Pro polymorphism increases BRCA1-associated ovarian cancer risk. - PubMed - NCBI
Characterization of a candidate Borrelia burgdorferi beta3-chain integrin ligand identified using a phage display library. -...Characterization of a candidate Borrelia burgdorferi beta3-chain integrin ligand identified using a phage display library. -...
Reactome | Integrin alphaIIb beta3:SRC [plasma membrane]Reactome | Integrin alphaIIb beta3:SRC [plasma membrane]
Reactome | Integrin alphaIIb beta3:Inactive (p-Y530)-SRC [plasma membrane]Reactome | Integrin alphaIIb beta3:Inactive (p-Y530)-SRC [plasma membrane]
RCSB PDB - 3NID: The Closed Headpiece of Integrin alphaIIB beta3 and its Complex with an alpahIIB beta3 -Specific Antagonist...RCSB PDB - 3NID: The Closed Headpiece of Integrin alphaIIB beta3 and its Complex with an alpahIIB beta3 -Specific Antagonist...
Calcium oscillation and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase positively regulate integrin alpha(IIb)beta3-mediated outside-in...Calcium oscillation and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase positively regulate integrin alpha(IIb)beta3-mediated outside-in...
DIGITAL.CSIC: Disruption of the beta3 663-687 disulfide bridge confers constitutive activity to beta3 integrinsDIGITAL.CSIC: Disruption of the beta3 663-687 disulfide bridge confers constitutive activity to beta3 integrins
PDB-6avr: Human alpha-V beta-3 Integrin (intermediate conformation) in comp... - YorodumiPDB-6avr: Human alpha-V beta-3 Integrin (intermediate conformation) in comp... - Yorodumi
RPTP-alpha acts as a transducer of mechanical force on alphav/beta3-integrin-cytoskeleton linkages. - White Rose Research...RPTP-alpha acts as a transducer of mechanical force on alphav/beta3-integrin-cytoskeleton linkages. - White Rose Research...
CD61 / Integrin beta-3 (Platelet Marker) Antibody - With BSA and Azide - Mouse Monoclonal Antibody [Clone 25E11.] IF, FC - Buy...CD61 / Integrin beta-3 (Platelet Marker) Antibody - With BSA and Azide - Mouse Monoclonal Antibody [Clone 25E11.] IF, FC - Buy...
Integrin beta3 - Semantic ScholarIntegrin beta3 - Semantic Scholar
Endometrial beta3 Integrin profile reflects endometrial receptivity defects in women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss ...Endometrial beta3 Integrin profile reflects endometrial receptivity defects in women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss ...
Prostatic carcinoma cell migration via alpha(v)beta3 integrin is modulated by a focal adhesion kinase pathway. - Semantic...Prostatic carcinoma cell migration via alpha(v)beta3 integrin is modulated by a focal adhesion kinase pathway. - Semantic...
Integrin alpha-IIb beta-3 Antibody (1B5) - DSHBIntegrin alpha-IIb beta-3 Antibody (1B5) - DSHB
Global Integrin Beta3 Protein Market Growth 2020-2025 - RnR Market ResearchGlobal Integrin Beta3 Protein Market Growth 2020-2025 - RnR Market Research
Long-term protection from myocardial ischemic events in a randomized trial of brief integrin beta3 blockade with percutaneous...Long-term protection from myocardial ischemic events in a randomized trial of brief integrin beta3 blockade with percutaneous...
Influence of beta3 integrin gene Leu/Pro33 polymorphism on primary glomerulonephritis - PubMedInfluence of beta3 integrin gene Leu/Pro33 polymorphism on primary glomerulonephritis - PubMed
Macrophage Infiltration of Renal Tissue via beta-3 Integrins and Agrin - Scott BlystoneMacrophage Infiltration of Renal Tissue via beta-3 Integrins and Agrin - Scott Blystone
Integrin Beta-3 Gene Polymorphism and Risk for Myocardial Infarction in Premature Coronary Disease. - PubMed - NCBIIntegrin Beta-3 Gene Polymorphism and Risk for Myocardial Infarction in Premature Coronary Disease. - PubMed - NCBI
NIMH and NHLBI Heart and Soul Workshop | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)NIMH and NHLBI Heart and Soul Workshop | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Integrin beta 3 - WikipediaIntegrin beta 3 - Wikipedia
Radionuclides transform chemotherapeutics into phototherapeutics for precise treatment of disseminated cancer | Nature...Radionuclides transform chemotherapeutics into phototherapeutics for precise treatment of disseminated cancer | Nature...
Arginine-glycine-aspartic acid-specific binding by foot-and-mouth disease viruses to the purified integrin alpha(v)beta3 in...Arginine-glycine-aspartic acid-specific binding by foot-and-mouth disease viruses to the purified integrin alpha(v)beta3 in...
Immunologic and structural analysis of eight novel domain-deletion beta3 integrin peptides designed for detection of HPA-1...Immunologic and structural analysis of eight novel domain-deletion beta3 integrin peptides designed for detection of HPA-1...
The talin rod IBS2 alpha-helix interacts with the beta3 integrin cytoplasmic tail membrane-proximal helix by establishing...The talin rod IBS2 alpha-helix interacts with the beta3 integrin cytoplasmic tail membrane-proximal helix by establishing...
In situ expression of beta 1, beta 3 and beta 4 integrin subunits in non-neoplastic endothelium and vascular tumoursIn situ expression of beta 1, beta 3 and beta 4 integrin subunits in non-neoplastic endothelium and vascular tumours
IIT People - Lorenzo CingolaniIIT People - Lorenzo Cingolani
Csk - Tyrosine-protein kinase CSK - Mus musculus (Mouse) - Csk gene & proteinCsk - Tyrosine-protein kinase CSK - Mus musculus (Mouse) - Csk gene & protein
MicroRNA-mediated Control of Cell Fate in Megakaryocyte-Erythrocyte ProgenitorsMicroRNA-mediated Control of Cell Fate in Megakaryocyte-Erythrocyte Progenitors
Patent US7320786 - Photodynamic therapy treatment for eye disease - Google PatentsPatent US7320786 - Photodynamic therapy treatment for eye disease - Google Patents
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation Science
Integrin beta3Integrin beta4Integrin beta ChainsAntigens, CD29IntegrinsIntegrin alphaVbeta3Integrin alpha5beta1Integrin alpha6beta4Cell AdhesionIntegrin alpha5Integrin alpha6Integrin alpha ChainsIntegrin alphaVIntegrin alpha3beta1Integrin alpha2Integrin alpha2beta1Integrin alpha4Integrin alpha6beta1TalinIntegrin alpha3Integrin alpha1Integrin alpha1beta1Receptors, VitronectinFibronectinsCell MovementHemidesmosomesAntigens, CD18Interleukin-1betaLamininSignal TransductionMolecular Sequence DataPlatelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa ComplexCells, CulturedAmino Acid SequenceExtracellular MatrixAntigens, CDCell Linebeta 2-MicroglobulinVitronectinReceptors, FibronectinFocal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine KinasesOligopeptidesPlatelet Membrane GlycoproteinsCytoplasmCell Adhesion MoleculesProtein BindingFocal Adhesion Kinase 1CHO CellsFilaminsPhosphorylationCricetinaeFocal AdhesionsTransfectionPlectinCell Line, TumorReceptors, Adrenergic, betaTransforming Growth Factor betaLigandsReceptors, CollagenProtein Structure, TertiaryFibrinogenReceptors, LamininBinding SitesThrombastheniaCollagenFlow CytometryAntibodies, MonoclonalCytoskeletonBase SequenceRNA, MessengerIntegrin alphaXbeta2Recombinant ProteinsClot RetractionRNA, Small InterferingTumor Cells, CulturedPaxillinPrecipitin TestsPlatelet Membrane Glycoprotein IIbLymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1Blotting, Westernsrc-Family KinasesMice, KnockoutFluorescent Antibody TechniqueBlood PlateletsVinculinRecombinant Fusion Proteinsrac1 GTP-Binding ProteinCell ProliferationCell DifferentiationDown-RegulationMutationAntibodiesContractile ProteinsEpithelial CellsMice, Inbred C57BLReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionMacromolecular SubstancesMacrophage-1 AntigenImmunohistochemistryGene Expression RegulationExtracellular Matrix ProteinsGene ExpressionFibroblastsSequence Homology, Amino AcidCytoskeletal ProteinsUp-RegulationProtein ConformationEnzyme ActivationCell MembraneEpidermolysis Bullosa, JunctionalProtein-Tyrosine KinasesPeptide FragmentsNeoplasm InvasivenessActinsProtein SubunitsEndothelial CellsRNA InterferenceKeratinocytesMicroscopy, Fluorescencebeta 2-Glycoprotein IModels, BiologicalCricetulusPlatelet AdhesivenessMembrane ProteinsEndothelium, VascularAmino Acid MotifsIntegrin alpha4beta1Models, MolecularCloning, MolecularTyrosineDNA PrimersPhenotypeDNA, ComplementaryReceptors, Adrenergic, beta-2Collagen Type IImmunoprecipitationMutagenesis, Site-DirectedNeoplasm MetastasisImmunoblottingDose-Response Relationship, DrugTime FactorsAntigens, CD151Platelet AggregationNeoplasm MicrometastasisInterleukin-1Platelet ActivationMembrane GlycoproteinsCOS CellsKineticsOsteopontinIntercellular Adhesion Molecule-1Cell DivisionReceptors, Very Late AntigenSubcommissural OrganMyofibroblastsSafroleCell SurvivalDesmosomesWound HealingCrk-Associated Substrate ProteinBasement MembraneMice, TransgenicProtein IsoformsMicrofilament ProteinsCarrier ProteinsApoptosisMicroscopy, ConfocalCalpainPeptidesGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticPolymerase Chain ReactionReceptors, Adrenergic, beta-1Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP KinasesGlycogen Synthase Kinase 3EpitheliumSkinReceptors, CytoadhesinAmino Acid SubstitutionProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktStructure-Activity RelationshipPhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesVascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1Sequence AlignmentPhosphoproteinsCell SizeMice, NudeAnoikisEpitopesAntigens, SurfaceReceptors, Cell SurfaceBlotting, NorthernProtein-Serine-Threonine KinasesCadherinsElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelProlineGroomingEstrogen Receptor betaPhosphotyrosineChemotaxis3T3 CellsTransforming Growth Factor beta1
ReceptorsPlateletsReceptorAlphaIIbbeta3BindsHuman integrin beta3ProteinGeneSubunitsCytoplasmic tailTalinLigandsRegulatesMediatesRegulate integrinPolymorphismFocal adhesiNormal integrinITGA2BSpecificityExtracellular matrixProteinsInducesConformationCellsAdhesion moleculesGlanzmann ThrombastheniaTail
Receptors7
Platelets14
Receptor12
AlphaIIbbeta32
  • The spirochaetal agents of Lyme disease, Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato) bind to integrins alphaIIbbeta3, alphavbeta3 and alpha5beta1 in purified form and on the surfaces of human cells. (nih.gov)
  • Localization of p66 on the surface of B. burgdorferi, the ability of recombinant forms of the protein to bind to beta3-chain integrins and the fact that p66 and B. burgdorferi bind to beta3-chain integrins in a mutually exclusive manner make p66 an attractive candidate bacterial ligand for integrins alphaIIbbeta3 and alphavbeta3. (nih.gov)
Binds6
Human integrin beta32
Protein13
Gene3
  • Integrin Beta-3 Gene Polymorphism and Risk for Myocardial Infarction in Premature Coronary Disease. (cdc.gov)
  • The mutations that cause this disorder occur in both copies of the gene in each cell and impair the production or activity of the beta3 subunit, which disrupts the formation of functional integrin αIIbβ3. (nih.gov)
  • Prior research had fingered the integrin beta3 gene as a determinant of blood serotonin levels and, independently, as a risk factor for autism, Blakely said. (bio-medicine.org)
Subunits4
  • The distribution patterns of beta 1, beta 3 and beta 4 integrin subunits in endothelial cells (EC) in situ were examined immunohistochemically on serial frozen sections of a wide range of non-neoplastic tissues and of vascular tumours, both benign and malignant. (nih.gov)
  • In contrast to the beta 1 chain, however, these integrin subunits were absent in EC of glomerular capillaries and were expressed variably in sinusoidal EC. (nih.gov)
  • These data show that EC dispose of broad and at the same time differential repertoires of integrin subunits that presumably reflect vessel-type associated functional differences among these cells. (nih.gov)
  • Integrins are heterodimers consisting of noncovalently associated alpha and beta subunits. (creative-biolabs.com)
Cytoplasmic tail2
Talin8
Ligands3
Regulates1
Mediates2
Regulate integrin2
  • These studies provide insights into the factors that regulate integrin headpiece opening, and demonstrate the molecular basis for a novel mechanism of integrin antagonism. (rcsb.org)
  • Calcium oscillation and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase positively regulate integrin alpha(IIb)beta3-mediated outside-in signaling. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Polymorphism3
Focal adhesi1
Normal integrin1
  • People with type I (the most common type) have less than 5 percent of normal integrin αIIbβ3 levels, people with type II have between 5 and 20 percent of normal integrin αIIbβ3 levels, and people with the variant type have adequate integrin αIIbβ3 levels but produce only nonfunctional integrin. (medlineplus.gov)
ITGA2B1
Specificity1
  • First, we investigate how a class of synaptic cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), the integrins, contribute to synapse specificity and to coordinating pre- and postsynaptic activity under physiological and pathological conditions. (iit.it)
Extracellular matrix1
Proteins7
Induces1
Conformation1
Cells3
Adhesion molecules2
Glanzmann Thrombasthenia1
Tail1
Anti-Integrin beta 3 (phospho Tyr773) antibody | GeneTex
Anti-Integrin beta 3 (phospho Tyr773) antibody | GeneTex (genetex.com)
RCSB PDB - STL Ligand Summary Page
RCSB PDB - STL Ligand Summary Page (rcsb.org)
Radionuclides transform chemotherapeutics into phototherapeutics for precise treatment of disseminated cancer | Nature...
Radionuclides transform chemotherapeutics into phototherapeutics for precise treatment of disseminated cancer | Nature... (nature.com)
IIT People - Lorenzo Cingolani
IIT People - Lorenzo Cingolani (iit.it)
APBB1IP Gene - GeneCards | AB1IP Protein | AB1IP Antibody
APBB1IP Gene - GeneCards | AB1IP Protein | AB1IP Antibody (genecards.org)
ITGB3 gene - Genetics Home Reference - NIH
ITGB3 gene - Genetics Home Reference - NIH (ghr.nlm.nih.gov)
Handbook of Immunohistochemistry and in Situ Hybridization of Human Carcinomas - 1st Edition
Handbook of Immunohistochemistry and in Situ Hybridization of Human Carcinomas - 1st Edition (elsevier.com)
Antithymocyte immunoglobulin (rabbit) - DrugBank
Antithymocyte immunoglobulin (rabbit) - DrugBank (drugbank.ca)
The Trans-RCE Biodefense Seminars | The New York Academy of Sciences
The Trans-RCE Biodefense Seminars | The New York Academy of Sciences (nyas.org)
Structural model for the protein-translocating element of the twin-arginine transport system | PNAS
Structural model for the protein-translocating element of the twin-arginine transport system | PNAS (pnas.org)
Publikationen | Exzellenzcluster Cells in Motion
Publikationen | Exzellenzcluster Cells in Motion (uni-muenster.de)
Frontiers | CD40L and Its Receptors in Atherothrombosis-An Update | Cardiovascular Medicine
Frontiers | CD40L and Its Receptors in Atherothrombosis-An Update | Cardiovascular Medicine (frontiersin.org)
Publications - Mayo Clinic
Publications - Mayo Clinic (mayo.edu)
Integrin alpha 2b - Wikipedia
Integrin alpha 2b - Wikipedia (en.m.wikipedia.org)
Molecular clutch drives cell response to surface viscosity | PNAS
Molecular clutch drives cell response to surface viscosity | PNAS (pnas.org)
Integrin alpha V beta 3 Peptides and Proteins: Novus Biologicals
Integrin alpha V beta 3 Peptides and Proteins: Novus Biologicals (novusbio.com)
Targeting stromal remodeling and cancer stem cell plasticity overcomes chemoresistance in triple negative breast cancer |...
Targeting stromal remodeling and cancer stem cell plasticity overcomes chemoresistance in triple negative breast cancer |... (nature.com)
Anti-Integrin alpha V beta 3 antibody [BV3] (ab7166) | Abcam
Anti-Integrin alpha V beta 3 antibody [BV3] (ab7166) | Abcam (abcam.com)
FOXF1 gene: MedlinePlus Genetics
FOXF1 gene: MedlinePlus Genetics (medlineplus.gov)
Frontiers | Toward the Relevance of Platelet Subpopulations for Transfusion Medicine | Medicine
Frontiers | Toward the Relevance of Platelet Subpopulations for Transfusion Medicine | Medicine (frontiersin.org)
Platelet CD40 Exacerbates Atherosclerosis by Transcellular Activation of Endothelial Cells and LeukocytesSignificance |...
Platelet CD40 Exacerbates Atherosclerosis by Transcellular Activation of Endothelial Cells and LeukocytesSignificance |... (atvb.ahajournals.org)
The Gade Institute
The Gade Institute (bora.uib.no)
Cardiovascular molecular imaging of apoptosis | SpringerLink
Cardiovascular molecular imaging of apoptosis | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Glanzmann Thrombasthenia - NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders)
Glanzmann Thrombasthenia - NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders) (rarediseases.org)
Incidence and risk factors of bleeding-related adverse events in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with...
Incidence and risk factors of bleeding-related adverse events in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with... (haematologica.org)
Alternatively Spliced Tissue Factor Promotes Plaque Angiogenesis Through the Activation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α and...
Alternatively Spliced Tissue Factor Promotes Plaque Angiogenesis Through the Activation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α and... (circ.ahajournals.org)
ITGB3 antibody (OAAB05267)
ITGB3 antibody (OAAB05267) (avivasysbio.com)
Frontiers | Application of Growth Hormone in in vitro Fertilization | Endocrinology
Frontiers | Application of Growth Hormone in in vitro Fertilization | Endocrinology (frontiersin.org)
Imaging at the inter-face of inflammation and angiogenesis by 18F-fluciclatide PET | Heart
Imaging at the inter-face of inflammation and angiogenesis by 18F-fluciclatide PET | Heart (heart.bmj.com)
Neurofibromin Mediates FAK Signaling in Confining Synapse Growth at Drosophila Neuromuscular Junctions | Journal of Neuroscience
Neurofibromin Mediates FAK Signaling in Confining Synapse Growth at Drosophila Neuromuscular Junctions | Journal of Neuroscience (jneurosci.org)
Carotid Artery Disease and Stroke: Assessing Risk with Vessel Wall MRI
Carotid Artery Disease and Stroke: Assessing Risk with Vessel Wall MRI (hindawi.com)
References Recombinant Anti-PDGFR beta antibody [Y92] - C-terminal (ab32570)
References Recombinant Anti-PDGFR beta antibody [Y92] - C-terminal (ab32570) (abcam.com)
PE Conjugation Kit | Easy PE Labeling | Abcam
PE Conjugation Kit | Easy PE Labeling | Abcam (abcam.com)