Inhalation. Medical search

The administration of drugs by the respiratory route. It includes insufflation into the respiratory tract.

The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents by inhaling them.

Pulmonary injury following the breathing in of toxic smoke from burning materials such as plastics, synthetics, building materials, etc. This injury is the most frequent cause of death in burn patients.

Burns of the respiratory tract caused by heat or inhaled chemicals.

The act of BREATHING in.

Colloids with a gaseous dispersing phase and either liquid (fog) or solid (smoke) dispersed phase; used in fumigation or in inhalation therapy; may contain propellant agents.

Gases or volatile liquids that vary in the rate at which they induce anesthesia; potency; the degree of circulation, respiratory, or neuromuscular depression they produce; and analgesic effects. Inhalation anesthetics have advantages over intravenous agents in that the depth of anesthesia can be changed rapidly by altering the inhaled concentration. Because of their rapid elimination, any postoperative respiratory depression is of relatively short duration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p173)

Anesthesia caused by the breathing of anesthetic gases or vapors or by insufflating anesthetic gases or vapors into the respiratory tract.

Substances made up of an aggregation of small particles, as that obtained by grinding or trituration of a solid drug. In pharmacy it is a form in which substances are administered. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.

Tests involving inhalation of allergens (nebulized or in dust form), nebulized pharmacologically active solutions (e.g., histamine, methacholine), or control solutions, followed by assessment of respiratory function. These tests are used in the diagnosis of asthma.

A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).

Experimental devices used in inhalation studies in which a person or animal is either partially or completely immersed in a chemically controlled atmosphere.

Agents that cause an increase in the expansion of a bronchus or bronchial tubes.

A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.

A device that delivers medication to the lungs in the form of a dry powder.

Air pollutants found in the work area. They are usually produced by the specific nature of the occupation.

Relating to the size of solids.

Unstable isotopes of xenon that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Xe atoms with atomic weights 121-123, 125, 127, 133, 135, 137-145 are radioactive xenon isotopes.

A variety of devices used in conjunction with METERED DOSE INHALERS. Their purpose is to hold the released medication for inhalation and make it easy for the patients to inhale the metered dose of medication into their lungs.

Washing liquid obtained from irrigation of the lung, including the BRONCHI and the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. It is generally used to assess biochemical, inflammatory, or infection status of the lung.

Measure of the maximum amount of air that can be expelled in a given number of seconds during a FORCED VITAL CAPACITY determination . It is usually given as FEV followed by a subscript indicating the number of seconds over which the measurement is made, although it is sometimes given as a percentage of forced vital capacity.

A quaternary ammonium parasympathomimetic agent with the muscarinic actions of ACETYLCHOLINE. It is hydrolyzed by ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE at a considerably slower rate than ACETYLCHOLINE and is more resistant to hydrolysis by nonspecific CHOLINESTERASES so that its actions are more prolonged. It is used as a parasympathomimetic bronchoconstrictor agent and as a diagnostic aid for bronchial asthma. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1116)

Physiologically, the opposition to flow of air caused by the forces of friction. As a part of pulmonary function testing, it is the ratio of driving pressure to the rate of air flow.

Narrowing of the caliber of the BRONCHI, physiologically or as a result of pharmacological intervention.

Any substance in the air which could, if present in high enough concentration, harm humans, animals, vegetation or material. Substances include GASES; PARTICULATE MATTER; and volatile ORGANIC CHEMICALS.

Injuries to tissues caused by contact with heat, steam, chemicals (BURNS, CHEMICAL), electricity (BURNS, ELECTRIC), or the like.

A small aerosol canister used to release a calibrated amount of medication for inhalation.

The larger air passages of the lungs arising from the terminal bifurcation of the TRACHEA. They include the largest two primary bronchi which branch out into secondary bronchi, and tertiary bronchi which extend into BRONCHIOLES and PULMONARY ALVEOLI.

Tendency of the smooth muscle of the tracheobronchial tree to contract more intensely in response to a given stimulus than it does in the response seen in normal individuals. This condition is present in virtually all symptomatic patients with asthma. The most prominent manifestation of this smooth muscle contraction is a decrease in airway caliber that can be readily measured in the pulmonary function laboratory.

Measurement of the various processes involved in the act of respiration: inspiration, expiration, oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange, lung volume and compliance, etc.

The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (= OXYGEN CONSUMPTION) or cell respiration (= CELL RESPIRATION).

Organic compounds that contain the -NCO radical.

Care of patients with deficiencies and abnormalities associated with the cardiopulmonary system. It includes the therapeutic use of medical gases and their administrative apparatus, environmental control systems, humidification, aerosols, ventilatory support, bronchopulmonary drainage and exercise, respiratory rehabilitation, assistance with cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and maintenance of natural, artificial, and mechanical airways.

Earth or other matter in fine, dry particles. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

Chlorinated ethanes which are used extensively as industrial solvents. They have been utilized in numerous home-use products including spot remover preparations and inhalant decongestant sprays. These compounds cause central nervous system and cardiovascular depression and are hepatotoxic. Include 1,1,1- and 1,1,2-isomers.

The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents that occurs as a result of one's occupation.

Nitrogen oxide (N2O). A colorless, odorless gas that is used as an anesthetic and analgesic. High concentrations cause a narcotic effect and may replace oxygen, causing death by asphyxia. It is also used as a food aerosol in the preparation of whipping cream.

A chromone complex that acts by inhibiting the release of chemical mediators from sensitized mast cells. It is used in the prophylactic treatment of both allergic and exercise-induced asthma, but does not affect an established asthmatic attack.

Unstable isotopes of oxygen that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. O atoms with atomic weights 13, 14, 15, 19, and 20 are radioactive oxygen isotopes.

Agents causing the narrowing of the lumen of a bronchus or bronchiole.

Inhalation of oxygen aimed at restoring toward normal any pathophysiologic alterations of gas exchange in the cardiopulmonary system, as by the use of a respirator, nasal catheter, tent, chamber, or mask. (From Dorland, 27th ed & Stedman, 25th ed)

The tubular and cavernous organs and structures, by means of which pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange between ambient air and the blood are brought about.

Plutonium. A naturally radioactive element of the actinide metals series. It has the atomic symbol Pu, atomic number 94, and atomic weight 242. Plutonium is used as a nuclear fuel, to produce radioisotopes for research, in radionuclide batteries for pacemakers, and as the agent of fission in nuclear weapons.

A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.

A muscarinic antagonist structurally related to ATROPINE but often considered safer and more effective for inhalation use. It is used for various bronchial disorders, in rhinitis, and as an antiarrhythmic.

A glucocorticoid used in the management of ASTHMA, the treatment of various skin disorders, and allergic RHINITIS.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

Gases, fumes, vapors, and odors escaping from the cylinders of a gasoline or diesel internal-combustion engine. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed & Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

A phase transition from liquid state to gas state, which is affected by Raoult's law. It can be accomplished by fractional distillation.

The vapor state of matter; nonelastic fluids in which the molecules are in free movement and their mean positions far apart. Gases tend to expand indefinitely, to diffuse and mix readily with other gases, to have definite relations of volume, temperature, and pressure, and to condense or liquefy at low temperatures or under sufficient pressure. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Organic salts of cyanic acid containing the -OCN radical.

A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects.

The total amount of a chemical, metal or radioactive substance present at any time after absorption in the body of man or animal.

An acute infection caused by the spore-forming bacteria BACILLUS ANTHRACIS. It commonly affects hoofed animals such as sheep and goats. Infection in humans often involves the skin (cutaneous anthrax), the lungs (inhalation anthrax), or the gastrointestinal tract. Anthrax is not contagious and can be treated with antibiotics.

A selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.

Carbon monoxide (CO). A poisonous colorless, odorless, tasteless gas. It combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, which has no oxygen carrying capacity. The resultant oxygen deprivation causes headache, dizziness, decreased pulse and respiratory rates, unconsciousness, and death. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)

Infection of the lung often accompanied by inflammation.

The proximal portion of the respiratory passages on either side of the NASAL SEPTUM. Nasal cavities, extending from the nares to the NASOPHARYNX, are lined with ciliated NASAL MUCOSA.

An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.

A sudden, audible expulsion of air from the lungs through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation. It is a protective response that serves to clear the trachea, bronchi, and/or lungs of irritants and secretions, or to prevent aspiration of foreign materials into the lungs.

A common interstitial lung disease caused by hypersensitivity reactions of PULMONARY ALVEOLI after inhalation of and sensitization to environmental antigens of microbial, animal, or chemical sources. The disease is characterized by lymphocytic alveolitis and granulomatous pneumonitis.

Antigen-type substances that produce immediate hypersensitivity (HYPERSENSITIVITY, IMMEDIATE).

Studies comparing two or more treatments or interventions in which the subjects or patients, upon completion of the course of one treatment, are switched to another. In the case of two treatments, A and B, half the subjects are randomly allocated to receive these in the order A, B and half to receive them in the order B, A. A criticism of this design is that effects of the first treatment may carry over into the period when the second is given. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

Silicon polymers that contain alternate silicon and oxygen atoms in linear or cyclic molecular structures.

Uptake of substances through the SKIN.

A non-specific host defense mechanism that removes MUCUS and other material from the LUNGS by ciliary and secretory activity of the tracheobronchial submucosal glands. It is measured in vivo as mucus transfer, ciliary beat frequency, and clearance of radioactive tracers.

Compressed gases or vapors in a container which, upon release of pressure and expansion through a valve, carry another substance from the container. They are used for cosmetics, household cleaners, and so on. Examples are BUTANES; CARBON DIOXIDE; FLUOROCARBONS; NITROGEN; and PROPANE. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG.

Long, pliable, cohesive natural or manufactured filaments of various lengths. They form the structure of some minerals. The medical significance lies in their potential ability to cause various types of PNEUMOCONIOSIS (e.g., ASBESTOSIS) after occupational or environmental exposure. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p708)

The unstable triatomic form of oxygen, O3. It is a powerful oxidant that is produced for various chemical and industrial uses. Its production is also catalyzed in the ATMOSPHERE by ULTRAVIOLET RAY irradiation of oxygen or other ozone precursors such as VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS and NITROGEN OXIDES. About 90% of the ozone in the atmosphere exists in the stratosphere (STRATOSPHERIC OZONE).

Particles of any solid substance, generally under 30 microns in size, often noted as PM30. There is special concern with PM1 which can get down to PULMONARY ALVEOLI and induce MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION and PHAGOCYTOSIS leading to FOREIGN BODY REACTION and LUNG DISEASES.

Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of the lungs.

Round, granular, mononuclear phagocytes found in the alveoli of the lungs. They ingest small inhaled particles resulting in degradation and presentation of the antigen to immunocompetent cells.

The physical or mechanical action of the LUNGS; DIAPHRAGM; RIBS; and CHEST WALL during respiration. It includes airflow, lung volume, neural and reflex controls, mechanoreceptors, breathing patterns, etc.

Drugs that are used to treat asthma.

A noble gas with the atomic symbol Xe, atomic number 54, and atomic weight 131.30. It is found in the earth's atmosphere and has been used as an anesthetic.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

The use of fragrances and essences from plants to affect or alter a person's mood or behavior and to facilitate physical, mental, and emotional well-being. The chemicals comprising essential oils in plants has a host of therapeutic properties and has been used historically in Africa, Asia, and India. Its greatest application is in the field of alternative medicine. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed; from Dr. Atiba Vheir, Dove Center, Washington, D.C.)

The circulation of the BLOOD through the LUNGS.

A nonflammable, halogenated, hydrocarbon anesthetic that provides relatively rapid induction with little or no excitement. Analgesia may not be adequate. NITROUS OXIDE is often given concomitantly. Because halothane may not produce sufficient muscle relaxation, supplemental neuromuscular blocking agents may be required. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p178)

A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.

An anti-inflammatory, synthetic glucocorticoid. It is used topically as an anti-inflammatory agent and in aerosol form for the treatment of ASTHMA.

The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS of the BRAIN.

A form of hypersensitivity affecting the respiratory tract. It includes ASTHMA and RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL.

A substance, extract, or preparation for diffusing or imparting an agreeable or attractive smell, especially a fluid containing fragrant natural oils extracted from flowers, woods, etc., or similar synthetic oils. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

The cartilaginous and membranous tube descending from the larynx and branching into the right and left main bronchi.

A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Nitric oxide is one of the ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXING FACTORS released by the vascular endothelium and mediates VASODILATION. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Nitric oxide activates cytosolic GUANYLATE CYCLASE and thus elevates intracellular levels of CYCLIC GMP.

An eicosanoid, derived from the cyclooxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism. It is a stable and synthetic analog of EPOPROSTENOL, but with a longer half-life than the parent compound. Its actions are similar to prostacyclin. Iloprost produces vasodilation and inhibits platelet aggregation.

The monitoring of the level of toxins, chemical pollutants, microbial contaminants, or other harmful substances in the environment (soil, air, and water), workplace, or in the bodies of people and animals present in that environment.

An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.

Oils which evaporate readily. The volatile oils occur in aromatic plants, to which they give odor and other characteristics. Most volatile oils consist of a mixture of two or more TERPENES or of a mixture of an eleoptene (the more volatile constituent of a volatile oil) with a stearopten (the more solid constituent). The synonym essential oils refers to the essence of a plant, as its perfume or scent, and not to its indispensability.

An amine derived by enzymatic decarboxylation of HISTIDINE. It is a powerful stimulant of gastric secretion, a constrictor of bronchial smooth muscle, a vasodilator, and also a centrally acting neurotransmitter.

AMINO ALCOHOLS containing the ETHANOLAMINE; (-NH2CH2CHOH) group and its derivatives.

A type of asbestos that occurs in nature as the dihydrate of magnesium silicate. It exists in two forms: antigorite, a plated variety, and chrysotile, a fibrous variety. The latter makes up 95% of all asbestos products. (From Merck Index, 11th ed, p.893)

The exchange of OXYGEN and CARBON DIOXIDE between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood that occurs across the BLOOD-AIR BARRIER.

Transparent, tasteless crystals found in nature as agate, amethyst, chalcedony, cristobalite, flint, sand, QUARTZ, and tridymite. The compound is insoluble in water or acids except hydrofluoric acid.

Supplies used in building.

Volative flammable fuel (liquid hydrocarbons) derived from crude petroleum by processes such as distillation reforming, polymerization, etc.

Severe irritant and vesicant of skin, eyes, and lungs. It may cause blindness and lethal lung edema and was formerly used as a war gas. The substance has been proposed as a cytostatic and for treatment of psoriasis. It has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP-85-002, 1985) (Merck, 11th ed).

A form of pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of asbestos fibers which elicit potent inflammatory responses in the parenchyma of the lung. The disease is characterized by interstitial fibrosis of the lung, varying from scattered sites to extensive scarring of the alveolar interstitium.

Chemicals that are used to cause the disturbance, disease, or death of humans during WARFARE.

A group of compounds that are derivatives of beta-methylacetylcholine (methacholine).

Diseases caused by factors involved in one's employment.

Spasmodic contraction of the smooth muscle of the bronchi.

A commonly used laboratory solvent. It was previously used as an anesthetic, but was banned from use in the U.S. due to its suspected carcinogenicity.

The total volume of gas inspired or expired per unit of time, usually measured in liters per minute.

The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents in the environment or to environmental factors that may include ionizing radiation, pathogenic organisms, or toxic chemicals.

A highly volatile inhalation anesthetic used mainly in short surgical procedures where light anesthesia with good analgesia is required. It is also used as an industrial solvent. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of the vapor can lead to cardiotoxicity and neurological impairment.

Methods of creating machines and devices.

The mixture of gases present in the earth's atmosphere consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases.

Small polyhedral outpouchings along the walls of the alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts and terminal bronchioles through the walls of which gas exchange between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood takes place.

Liquids that dissolve other substances (solutes), generally solids, without any change in chemical composition, as, water containing sugar. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

A form of pneumoconiosis resulting from inhalation of dust containing crystalline form of SILICON DIOXIDE, usually in the form of quartz. Amorphous silica is relatively nontoxic.

A refined petroleum fraction used as a fuel as well as a solvent.

Hypertonic sodium chloride solution. A solution having an osmotic pressure greater than that of physiologic salt solution (0.9 g NaCl in 100 ml purified water).

An adrenergic beta-2 agonist that is used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.

Asbestos. Fibrous incombustible mineral composed of magnesium and calcium silicates with or without other elements. It is relatively inert chemically and used in thermal insulation and fireproofing. Inhalation of dust causes asbestosis and later lung and gastrointestinal neoplasms.

The mucous lining of the NASAL CAVITY, including lining of the nostril (vestibule) and the OLFACTORY MUCOSA. Nasal mucosa consists of ciliated cells, GOBLET CELLS, brush cells, small granule cells, basal cells (STEM CELLS) and glands containing both mucous and serous cells.

The volume of air that is exhaled by a maximal expiration following a maximal inspiration.

Toxic chlorinated unsaturated hydrocarbons. Include both the 1,1- and 1,2-dichloro isomers. Both isomers are toxic, but 1,1-dichloroethylene is the more potent CNS depressant and hepatotoxin. It is used in the manufacture of thermoplastic polymers.

Compounds that accept electrons in an oxidation-reduction reaction. The reaction is induced by or accelerated by exposure to electromagnetic radiation in the spectrum of visible or ultraviolet light.

A widely used industrial solvent.

The highest dosage administered that does not produce toxic effects.

Analogs and derivatives of atropine.

An array of tests used to determine the toxicity of a substance to living systems. These include tests on clinical drugs, foods, and environmental pollutants.

Any disorder marked by obstruction of conducting airways of the lung. AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION may be acute, chronic, intermittent, or persistent.

A racemic mixture of d-epinephrine and l-epinephrine.

A species of bacteria that causes ANTHRAX in humans and animals.

Respirators to protect individuals from breathing air contaminated with harmful dusts, fogs, fumes, mists, gases, smokes, sprays, or vapors.

Asthma attacks following a period of exercise. Usually the induced attack is short-lived and regresses spontaneously. The magnitude of postexertional airway obstruction is strongly influenced by the environment in which exercise is performed (i.e. inhalation of cold air during physical exertion markedly augments the severity of the airway obstruction; conversely, warm humid air blunts or abolishes it).

A chlorinated hydrocarbon that has been used as an inhalation anesthetic and acts as a narcotic in high concentrations. Its primary use is as a solvent in manufacturing and food technology.

Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG DISEASES.

A mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. It is mildly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.

An extremely stable inhalation anesthetic that allows rapid adjustments of anesthesia depth with little change in pulse or respiratory rate.

Specialized hospital facilities which provide intensive care for burn patients.

Measurement of the maximum rate of airflow attained during a FORCED VITAL CAPACITY determination. Common abbreviations are PEFR and PFR.

Measurement of volume of air inhaled or exhaled by the lung.

Washing out of the lungs with saline or mucolytic agents for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. It is very useful in the diagnosis of diffuse pulmonary infiltrates in immunosuppressed patients.

A noble gas that is found in the atmosphere. It has the atomic symbol Kr, atomic number 36, atomic weight 83.80, and has been used in electric bulbs.

Delivery of medications through the nasal mucosa.

Toxic asphyxiation due to the displacement of oxygen from oxyhemoglobin by carbon monoxide.

A lavender, acid-resistant asbestos.

Disorders of the nose, general or unspecified.

The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

Substances that increase the risk of NEOPLASMS in humans or animals. Both genotoxic chemicals, which affect DNA directly, and nongenotoxic chemicals, which induce neoplasms by other mechanism, are included.

Material coughed up from the lungs and expectorated via the mouth. It contains MUCUS, cellular debris, and microorganisms. It may also contain blood or pus.

Skin irritant and allergen used in the manufacture of polyurethane foams and other elastomers.

The mucous membrane lining the RESPIRATORY TRACT, including the NASAL CAVITY; the LARYNX; the TRACHEA; and the BRONCHI tree. The respiratory mucosa consists of various types of epithelial cells ranging from ciliated columnar to simple squamous, mucous GOBLET CELLS, and glands containing both mucous and serous cells.

Experiments designed to determine the potential toxic effects of one-time, short-term exposure to a chemical or chemicals.

A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.

The pressure that would be exerted by one component of a mixture of gases if it were present alone in a container. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

Agents that are capable of inducing a total or partial loss of sensation, especially tactile sensation and pain. They may act to induce general ANESTHESIA, in which an unconscious state is achieved, or may act locally to induce numbness or lack of sensation at a targeted site.

A long-acting beta-2-adrenergic receptor agonist.

Tests to experimentally measure the tumor-producing/cancer cell-producing potency of an agent by administering the agent (e.g., benzanthracenes) and observing the quantity of tumors or the cell transformation developed over a given period of time. The carcinogenicity value is usually measured as milligrams of agent administered per tumor developed. Though this test differs from the DNA-repair and bacterial microsome MUTAGENICITY TESTS, researchers often attempt to correlate the finding of carcinogenicity values and mutagenicity values.

A diffuse parenchymal lung disease caused by inhalation of dust and by tissue reaction to their presence. These inorganic, organic, particulate, or vaporized matters usually are inhaled by workers in their occupational environment, leading to the various forms (ASBESTOSIS; BYSSINOSIS; and others). Similar air pollution can also have deleterious effects on the general population.

The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.

A major group of unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons containing two or more rings. The vast number of compounds of this important group, derived chiefly from petroleum and coal tar, are rather highly reactive and chemically versatile. The name is due to the strong and not unpleasant odor characteristic of most substances of this nature. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p96)

The science concerned with the detection, chemical composition, and biological action of toxic substances or poisons and the treatment and prevention of toxic manifestations.

Hydrocarbon compounds with one or more of the hydrogens replaced by CHLORINE.

A histamine H1 antagonist used as the hydrogen fumarate in hay fever, rhinitis, allergic skin conditions, and pruritus. It causes drowsiness.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

The extent to which the active ingredient of a drug dosage form becomes available at the site of drug action or in a biological medium believed to reflect accessibility to a site of action.

Agents that suppress cough. They act centrally on the medullary cough center. EXPECTORANTS, also used in the treatment of cough, act locally.

Asthma attacks caused, triggered, or exacerbated by OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE.

A pulmonary ventilation rate faster than is metabolically necessary for the exchange of gases. It is the result of an increased frequency of breathing, an increased tidal volume, or a combination of both. It causes an excess intake of oxygen and the blowing off of carbon dioxide.

An ethylene compound with two hydroxy groups (-OH) located on adjacent carbons. They are viscous and colorless liquids. Some are used as anesthetics or hypnotics. However, the class is best known for their use as a coolant or antifreeze.

Granular leukocytes with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by a slender thread of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and stainable by eosin.

Stable xenon atoms that have the same atomic number as the element xenon, but differ in atomic weight. Xe-124, 126, 128-131, 134, and 136 are stable xenon isotopes.

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation.

A disease of chronic diffuse irreversible airflow obstruction. Subcategories of COPD include CHRONIC BRONCHITIS and PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA.

Elements, compounds, mixtures, or solutions that are considered severely harmful to human health and the environment. They include substances that are toxic, corrosive, flammable, or explosive.

The science, art, or technology dealing with processes involved in the separation of metals from their ores, the technique of making or compounding the alloys, the techniques of working or heat-treating metals, and the mining of metals. It includes industrial metallurgy as well as metallurgical techniques employed in the preparation and working of metals used in dentistry, with special reference to orthodontic and prosthodontic appliances. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p494)

Systems for the delivery of drugs to target sites of pharmacological actions. Technologies employed include those concerning drug preparation, route of administration, site targeting, metabolism, and toxicity.

An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION.

Inorganic compounds that contain vanadium as an integral part of the molecule.

The maximum volume of air that can be inspired after reaching the end of a normal, quiet expiration. It is the sum of the TIDAL VOLUME and the INSPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME. Common abbreviation is IC.

The maximum exposure to a biologically active physical or chemical agent that is allowed during an 8-hour period (a workday) in a population of workers, or during a 24-hour period in the general population, which does not appear to cause appreciable harm, whether immediate or delayed for any period, in the target population. (From Lewis Dictionary of Toxicology, 1st ed)

Organic compounds that include a cyclic ether with three ring atoms in their structure. They are commonly used as precursors for POLYMERS such as EPOXY RESINS.

A vasodilator that is administered by inhalation. It is also used recreationally due to its supposed ability to induce euphoria and act as an aphrodisiac.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

Drugs used for their effects on the respiratory system.

A series of hydrocarbons containing both chlorine and fluorine. These have been used as refrigerants, blowing agents, cleaning fluids, solvents, and as fire extinguishing agents. They have been shown to cause stratospheric ozone depletion and have been banned for many uses.

A part of the upper respiratory tract. It contains the organ of SMELL. The term includes the external nose, the nasal cavity, and the PARANASAL SINUSES.

Inhalation anesthesia where the gases exhaled by the patient are rebreathed as some carbon dioxide is simultaneously removed and anesthetic gas and oxygen are added so that no anesthetic escapes into the room. Closed-circuit anesthesia is used especially with explosive anesthetics to prevent fires where electrical sparking from instruments is possible.

A dark powdery deposit of unburned fuel residues, composed mainly of amorphous CARBON and some HYDROCARBONS, that accumulates in chimneys, automobile mufflers and other surfaces exposed to smoke. It is the product of incomplete combustion of carbon-rich organic fuels in low oxygen conditions. It is sometimes called lampblack or carbon black and is used in INK, in rubber tires, and to prepare CARBON NANOTUBES.

A procedure involving placement of a tube into the trachea through the mouth or nose in order to provide a patient with oxygen and anesthesia.

Measurement of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.

The effect of hiatus hernia on gastro-oesophageal junction pressure. (1/770)

BACKGROUND: Hiatus hernia and lower oesophageal sphincter hypotension are often viewed as opposing hypotheses for gastro-oesophageal junction incompetence. AIMS: To examine the interaction between hiatus hernia and lower oesophageal sphincter hypotension. METHODS: In seven normal subjects and seven patients with hiatus hernia, the squamocolumnar junction and intragastric margin of the gastro-oesophageal junction were marked with endoscopically placed clips. Axial and radial characteristics of the gastro-oesophageal junction high pressure zone were mapped relative to the hiatus and clips during concurrent fluoroscopy and manometry. Responses to inspiration and abdominal compression were also analysed. RESULTS: In normal individuals the squamocolumnar junction was 0.5 cm below the hiatus and the gastro-oesophageal junction high pressure zone extended 1.1 cm distal to that. In those with hiatus hernia, the gastro-oesophageal junction high pressure zone had two discrete segments, one proximal to the squamocolumnar junction and one distal, attributable to the extrinsic compression within the hiatal canal. Inspiration and abdominal compression mainly augmented the distal one. Simulation of hernia reduction by algebraically summing the proximal segment pressures with the hiatal canal pressures restored normal maximal pressure, radial asymmetry, and dynamic responses of the gastro-oesophageal junction. CONCLUSIONS: Hiatus hernia reduces lower oesophageal sphincter pressure and alters its dynamic responsiveness by spatially separating pressure components derived from the intrinsic lower oesophageal sphincter and the extrinsic compression of the oesophagus within the hiatal canal. (+info)

Aspirated foreign bodies in the tracheobronchial tree: report of 250 cases. (2/770)

During the last 14 years, 250 patients with aspirated foreign bodies in the tracheobronchial tree were admitted to Kuwait Chest Diseases Hospital. Ninety-six per cent of the cases were under 10 years of age and 38% gave a clear history of foreign body inhalation. The rest were diagnosed either clinically, from the chest radiograph findings or because of unexplained pulmonary symptoms. In 247 cases, bronchoscopy under general anaesthesia was successful in removing the foreign bodies. In only three cases was bronchotomy needed. Seventy per cent of the foreign bodies were melon seeds. Asphyxia and cardiac arrest occurred in four cases during bronchoscopy but the patients were successfully resuscitated. In 10 cases a tracheostomy was done before bronchoscopy and the removal of the foreign body, while in five it was needed after bronchoscopy. Fifteen patients developed late complications such as recurrent pneumonia or atelectasis of the lung. Early diagnosis and adequate treatment are essential to prevent pulmonary and cardiac complications and to avoid radical lung surgery. (+info)

Expiratory time determined by individual anxiety levels in humans. (3/770)

We have previously found that individual anxiety levels influence respiratory rates in physical load and mental stress (Y. Masaoka and I. Homma. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 27: 153-159, 1997). On the basis of that study, in the present study we investigated the metabolic outputs during tests and analyzed the respiratory timing relationship between inspiration and expiration, taking into account individual anxiety levels. Disregarding anxiety levels, there were correlations between O2 consumption (VO2) and minute ventilation (VE) and between VO2 and tidal volume in the physical load test, but no correlations were observed in the noxious audio stimulation test. There was a volume-based increase in respiratory patterns in physical load; however, VE increased not only for the adjustment of metabolic needs but also for individual mental factors; anxiety participated in this increase. In the high-anxiety group, the VE-to-VO2 ratio, indicating ventilatory efficiency, increased in both tests. In the high-anxiety group, increases in respiratory rate contributed to a VE increase, and there were negative correlations between expiratory time and anxiety scores in both tests. In an awake state, the higher neural structure may dominantly affect the mechanism of respiratory rhythm generation. We focus on the relationship between expiratory time and anxiety and show diagrams of respiratory output, allowing for individual personality. (+info)

Evaluation of pulmonary resistance and maximal expiratory flow measurements during exercise in humans. (4/770)

To evaluate methods used to document changes in airway function during and after exercise, we studied nine subjects with exercise-induced asthma and five subjects without asthma. Airway function was assessed from measurements of pulmonary resistance (RL) and forced expiratory vital capacity maneuvers. In the asthmatic subjects, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) fell 24 +/- 14% and RL increased 176 +/- 153% after exercise, whereas normal subjects experienced no change in airway function (RL -3 +/- 8% and FEV1 -4 +/- 5%). During exercise, there was a tendency for FEV1 to increase in the asthmatic subjects but not in the normal subjects. RL, however, showed a slight increase during exercise in both groups. Changes in lung volumes encountered during exercise were small and had no consistent effect on RL. The small increases in RL during exercise could be explained by the nonlinearity of the pressure-flow relationship and the increased tidal breathing flows associated with exercise. In the asthmatic subjects, a deep inspiration (DI) caused a small, significant, transient decrease in RL 15 min after exercise. There was no change in RL in response to DI during exercise in either asthmatic or nonasthmatic subjects. When percent changes in RL and FEV1 during and after exercise were compared, there was close agreement between the two measurements of change in airway function. In the groups of normal and mildly asthmatic subjects, we conclude that changes in lung volume and DIs had no influence on RL during exercise. Increases in tidal breathing flows had only minor influence on measurements of RL during exercise. Furthermore, changes in RL and in FEV1 produce equivalent indexes of the variations in airway function during and after exercise. (+info)

Effect on nasal resistance of an external nasal splint and isotonic exercise. (5/770)

OBJECTIVES: The now commonplace wearing of external nasal splints by sportsmen and athletes has never been scientifically evaluated. The present study looks into the effect of isotonic exercise on nasal resistance, and examines whether this effect is altered by the wearing of an external nasal splint. METHODS: Twenty subjects not suffering from rhinitis were tested. Nasal resistance measurements were recorded using an anterior rhinomanometer before and after isotonic exercise with and without an external nasal splint. Pulse and blood pressure were measured before and after exercise. RESULTS: Significant changes were observed in pulse (p < 0.001) and both systolic (p < 0.002) and diastolic (p < 0.001) blood pressure in response to exercise. Significant differences were seen in nasal resistance when the splint was applied (p < 0.001) and after exercise (p < 0.003). No significant difference was observed after exercise when the splint was worn (p = 0.167). CONCLUSIONS: External nasal splints decrease nasal resistance at rest but are of little value during isotonic exercise. (+info)

Concentration and second-gas effects in the water analogue. (6/770)

The water analogue provides a visual model of the process of anaesthetic exchange. In the standard version, a single pipe connects the mouth container to the lung container and the conductance of this mouth-lung pipe is proportional to alveolar ventilation. This implies that inspired and expired ventilations are equal. In fact, with high inspired concentrations of nitrous oxide, early rapid uptake of gas by solution leads to a substantial difference between inspired and expired ventilation which in turn leads to concentration and second-gas effects. It is shown that by representing inspired and expired ventilations separately, and keeping one of them constant while varying the other to compensate for rapid uptake, concentration and second-gas effects are reproduced in the water analogue. Other means of reproducing the effects are reported but we believe that the first method is the most realistic and the most appropriate for teaching. (+info)

Evaluation of the new MB redox system for detection of growth of mycobacteria. (7/770)

We evaluated a new mycobacterial culture system, MB Redox, for recovery rate and time to detection of mycobacteria from 742 consecutive respiratory specimens and compared the results to those found with Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium. Twenty specimens (2.7%) were positive for M. tuberculosis: 17 on LJ medium and 19 in MB Redox, with 16 specimens positive in both media. In addition, 24 specimens (3.2%) were positive for nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), 20 on LJ medium, 18 in MB Redox, and 14 in both media. For M. tuberculosis, the mean times to detection were 28.9 days on LJ medium and 23.6 days in MB Redox, and for NTM, the mean times to detection were 40.6 days on LJ medium and 32.3 days in MB Redox. (+info)

Biopersistence and durability of nine mineral fibre types in rat lungs over 12 months. (8/770)

The study objectives were to assess the ability of intratracheal injection methods to discriminate between nine fibre types in respect of pulmonary biopersistence, and to provide approximate estimates of relative biopersistence and durability for a study of general relationships with biological and toxicological responses. The test fibres included six samples of size-selected fibre types specially prepared for research purposes, two commercially available fibres, and amosite. A 1 mg dose of each fibre type was administered to rats by intratracheal injection. The relative biopersistence of fibres in different size categories was assessed from the changes in mean lung burden, as determined by electron microscopy, at 3 days and 1, 6 and 12 months after injection. The ability of the test materials to resist dissolution was measured in a parallel series of simple in vitro acellular experiments at two pHs and in a continuous flow dissolution test. The observed differences in the persistence of fibres of differing length recovered from rat lungs were consistent with the current hypothesis that short fibres are cleared by cellular processes and long fibres by dissolution and disintegration. Differences in persistence of long (> 20 microns) fibres were correlated with measured rates of dissolution in vitro. Differences in persistence among those fibre types also studied by others workers were consistent with their findings after inhalation and intratracheal injection. Overall, the differences in the biopersistences of the test fibres following intratracheal injection were sufficient to enable an examination of the relationship of biopersistence with other biological and toxicological responses. Biopersistence was influenced by both fibre dimensions and solubility. (+info)

... (or Inspiration) happens when air or other gases enter the lungs. Inhalation of air, as part of the cycle of ... Examples of accidental inhalation includes inhalation of water (e.g. in drowning), smoke, food, vomitus and less common foreign ... Inhalation begins with the contraction of the muscles attached to the rib cage; this causes an expansion in the chest cavity. ... They tell their students that the "nose is for breathing, the mouth is for eating." Look up inhalation or sniffing in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhalation

... using nitrous oxide has a long history of safe use in both medicine and dentistry. It can therefore be used ... Inhalation sedation is a form of conscious sedation where an inhaled drug should: Depress the central nervous system (CNS) to ... Inhalation sedation with nitrous oxide/oxygen is a well recognised safe and effective technique. The desirable effect of the ... Inhalation sedation requires the patient to breath through the nose, which can be especially difficult in very young children ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhalation_sedation

... is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal that publishes review articles on the mechanisms, responses ... Inhalation Toxicology publishes 14 issues per year in simultaneous print and online editions. According to the Journal Citation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhalation_Toxicology

... by the US EPA Inhalation disorders Institution of Occupational Safety and Health Toolkit Trends in inhalation exposure: mid ... Inhalation is a major route of exposure that occurs when an individual breathes in polluted air which enters the respiratory ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhalation_exposure

This can cause smoke inhalation injury (subtype of acute inhalation injury) which is damage to the respiratory tract caused by ... Acute inhalation injury "Smoke inhalation definition and meaning , Collins English Dictionary". www.collinsdictionary.com. ... Smoke inhalation injury is the most common cause of death in fire victims. Fire victims with both burns to their body and smoke ... Smoke inhalation injury can affect the upper respiratory tract (above the larynx), usually due to heat exposure, or the lower ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoke_inhalation

Inhalation of vapor obtained by nebulization of water and ethanol in oxygen has been used in treatment of pulmonary edema in ... Alcohol inhalation is a method of administering alcohol (also known as ethanol) directly into the respiratory system, with aid ... Inhalation devices make it "substantially easier to overdose on alcohol" than drinking, because the alcohol bypasses the ... 2011). "Inhalation of Alcohol Vapor Driven by Oxygen is a Useful Therapeutic Method for Postoperative Alcohol Withdrawal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol_inhalation

1995) Toxic gas inhalation. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 1:102-8. Clark WR Jr. (1992) Smoke inhalation: diagnosis and treatment. World J ... Smoke inhalation injury, either by itself but more so in the presence of body surface burn, can result in severe lung-induced ... Inhalation of high doses of this gas causes lesions in the larynx, trachea, and large bronchi with inflammatory reactions and ... Acute inhalation injury may result from frequent and widespread use of household cleaning agents and industrial gases ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_inhalation_injury

The specific inhalation challenges has been considered as the gold standard in confirming the diagnosis of occupational asthma ... The specific inhalation challenge (SIC) is a diagnosis tool to assess airway responsiveness to "sensitizing" substances as ... September 1989). "New methodology for specific inhalation challenges with occupational agents in powder form". Eur Respir J. 2 ... Occupational asthma Vandenplas O, Malo JL (November 1997). "Inhalation challenges with agents causing occupational asthma". Eur ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_inhalation_challenge

A vaporizer or vaporiser, colloquially known as a vape, is a device used to vaporize substances for inhalation. Plant ... Grotenhermen F (June 2001). "Harm Reduction Associated with Inhalation and Oral Administration of Cannabis and THC". Journal of ... content of water and essential oils Consistency of material in the filling chamber Storage time of the vapor Inhalation method ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaporizer_(inhalation_device)

He is the author of several plays including Sinner's Laundry and Inhalation. He won a Drama Desk Award for his work in The ... "Inhalation". Inkwell. Retrieved 2020-08-18. Hipes, Patrick (2016-06-06). "Drama Desk Awards: 'The Humans' & 'Shuffle Along' ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lavelle_(actor)

The inhalation chamber which was set up in the old Dunedin Post Office building was described as follows: "It was a small room ... In reality, the inhalation of hot steam could inflame the nasal tissue, potentially making participants more susceptible to ... During the 1918 flu pandemic in New Zealand, inhalation chambers were set up in towns and cities as a means to boost immunity. ... "Inhalation". New Zealand Geographic. New Zealand Geographic. "Ashburton Guardian, 14th November 1918, Page 4". Ashburton ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc_sulfate_(medical_use)

"Inhalation Anthrax". cdc.gov. Archived from the original on 26 March 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2017. "Avian flu: Poultry to be ... Close contact with cattle can lead to cutaneous anthrax infection, whereas inhalation anthrax infection is more common for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoonosis

Inhalation Toxicology. In: Hayes' Principles and Methods of Toxicology. Sixth Edition. Edited By: A. Wallace Hayes and Claire L ... Inhalation Toxicology. 2013; 25(9):498-508. Molina RM, Konduru NV, Jimenez RJ, Wohlleben W, Brain JD. Bioavailability, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Brain_(academic)

... due to chlorine gas inhalation". Inhalation Toxicology. 18 (11): 895-900. doi:10.1080/08958370600822615. PMID 16864407. Brooks ... Treatment for RADS is similar to treatment for other disorders that result from acute inhalation. Preexisting allergies can be ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactive_airway_disease

Inhalation Toxicology. 18 (12): 925-940. doi:10.1080/08958370600835161. PMID 16920666. S2CID 30259760. Agency for Toxic ... by the toxicology laboratory showed that children were much more susceptible than adults to chemical exposure from inhalation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agency_for_Toxic_Substances_and_Disease_Registry

Brook, R. D.; Brook, J. R.; Urch, B.; Vincent, R.; Rajagopalan, S.; Silverman, F. (2002). "Inhalation of fine particulate air ... Inhalation Toxicology. 30 (3): 99-113. doi:10.1080/08958378.2018.1455772. PMID 29869579. Malig, B. J.; Pearson, D. L.; Chang, Y ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozone

ISBN 978-1-43982077-3. Bovill, J. G. (2008). "Inhalation Anaesthesia; From Diethyl Ether to Xenon". Handbook of Experimental ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methoxyethane

JSC Mars-1A has slight hazard on inhalation and eye contact which may cause irritation to eyes and respiratory tract. There has ... Inhalation Toxicology. 20 (2): 157-65. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.474.1877. doi:10.1080/08958370701821219. PMID 18236230. S2CID 96179164 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martian_regolith_simulant

13-Week Smoke Inhalation Study". Inhalation Toxicology. 14 (11): 1135-1152. doi:10.1080/08958370290084827. PMID 12454795. S2CID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humectant

Salem, Harry; Sidney A. Katz (2006). Inhalation Toxicology. CRC Press. p. 939. ISBN 0-8493-4049-7. Langford, Roland E. (2004). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute_of_Virus_Preparations

Ciencewicki, Jonathan; Jaspers, Ilona (2007). "Air Pollution and Respiratory Viral Infection". Inhalation Toxicology. 19 (14): ... which enters human body usually via inhalation, is significantly associated with morbidity and mortality among adults. The risk ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_pollution_in_the_United_States

Results of Subacute and Subchronic Repeated Inhalation Exposure Studies". Inhalation Toxicology. 13 (6): 513-532. doi:10.1080/ ... Mohr, Jürgen Pauluhn, Ulrich (2001-01-01). "INHALATION TOXICITY OF 1,6-HEXAMETHYLENE DIISOCYANATE HOMOPOLYMERS (HDI-IC AND HDI- ... Pauluhn, J. (2000-11-01). "Inhalation Toxicity of 1,6-Hexamethylene Diisocyanate Homopolymer (HDI-IC) Aerosol: Results of ... Single Inhalation Exposure Studies". Toxicological Sciences. 58 (1): 173-181. doi:10.1093/toxsci/58.1.173. ISSN 1096-0929. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexamethylene_diisocyanate

Inhalation Toxicology. 25 Suppl 2: 6-18. doi:10.3109/08958378.2013.854430. ISSN 1091-7691. PMID 24341843. S2CID 6414435. Van ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyvinyl_acetate

Inhalation Toxicology. 18 (1): 79-92. doi:10.1080/08958370500282506. PMID 16326404. S2CID 24148404. Tiên Nguyên-nhu N, Knoops B ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRDX5

After a puff, inhalation of the aerosol travels from the device into the mouth and lungs. The composition of e-liquids varies ... Long-term inhalation of propylene glycol indoors could increase risk to children to develop asthma. To lessen the risks, most e ... Passive inhalation of vapor might have significant adverse effects. Though, e-cigarettes exposes non-users to nicotine but not ... It is not clear whether long-term inhalation of e-cigarette vapor will make asthma better or worse. A 2015 review found e- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes

... is the inhalation of tobacco smoke, called secondhand smoke (SHS), or environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), by ... It occurs when tobacco smoke enters an environment, causing its inhalation by people within that environment. Exposure to ... Inhalation Toxicology. 18 (3): 199-210. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.495.2191. doi:10.1080/08958370500434255. PMID 16399662. S2CID 7457133 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passive_smoking

Inhalation Toxicology. 18 (12): 995-1000. doi:10.1080/08958370600835377. PMID 16920674. S2CID 30590705. NIH/National Cancer ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SV40

Inhalation Toxicology. 16 (13): 817-833. doi:10.1080/08958370490490185. ISSN 0895-8378. PMID 15513814. S2CID 22468291. Jerome L ... believed to reflect the higher nitrosamine delivery of lower-yield cigarettes and the increased depth or volume of inhalation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cigarette_filter

"Two-year inhalation study of carcinogenicity and chronic toxicity of 1,4-dioxane in male rats". Inhalation Toxicology. 21 (11 ... "Thirteen-week inhalation toxicity of 1,4-dioxane in rats". Inhalation Toxicology. 20 (10): 961-71. doi:10.1080/ ... Animal studies in rats suggest that the greatest health risk is associated with inhalation of vapors in the pure form. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,4-Dioxane

Smoke inhalation can be studied on Syrian hamsters by putting the hamster in a laboratory smoking machine. Pregnant hamsters ... Magers, T; Talbot, P; DiCarlantonio, G; Knoll, M; Demers, D; Tsai, I; Hoodbhoy, T (n.d.). "Cigarette smoke inhalation affects ... Inhalation Toxicology. 18 (12): 995-1000. doi:10.1080/08958370600835377. ISSN 0895-8378. PMID 16920674. Valentine 2012, p. 878 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_Syrian_hamster

ClinicalTrials.gov: Burns, Inhalation (National Institutes of Health) * ClinicalTrials.gov: Smoke Inhalation Injury (National ... Over half of deaths from fires are due to inhalation injuries.. Symptoms of inhalation injuries can depend on what you breathed ... Inhalation injuries are acute injuries to your respiratory system and lungs. They can happen if you breathe in toxic substances ... You can take steps to try to prevent inhalation injuries:. *At home, practice fire safety, which includes preventing fires and ...

https://medlineplus.gov/inhalationinjuries.html

... inhalation. There are many current knowledge gaps regarding the health effects from inhalation of complex mixtures found in ... Walter McKinney, Mark C. Jackson, Brandon Law & Jeffrey S. Fedan (2022): Automated crude oil vapor inhalation exposure system, ... A GC-FID instrument was used to collected additional data on the gas mixture during inhalation exposures. ... Inhalation Toxicology, DOI:10.1080/08958378.2022.2114562. Acknowledgements. This work was supported by NIOSH project "Health ...

https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/data/datasets/rd-1043-2022-0/default.html

Smoke inhalation injury was described as early as the first century CE, when Pliny reported the execution of prisoners by ... Smoke inhalation is present in one third of patients treated at burn centers. The magnitude of smoke inhalation is devastating ... Smoke inhalation in pediatric victims. Note the many hallmarks of smoke inhalation complexed with burn injury (ie, facial burns ... Smoke inhalation in pediatric victims. Note the many hallmarks of smoke inhalation complexed with burn injury (ie, facial burns ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/771194-165382/what-are-the-indications-for-hyperbaric-oxygen-hbo-therapy-in-the-treatment-of-smoke-inhalation-injury

Smoke inhalation injury was described as early as the first century CE, when Pliny reported the execution of prisoners by ... Smoke inhalation in pediatric victims. Note the many hallmarks of smoke inhalation complexed with burn injury (ie, facial burns ... encoded search term (Smoke Inhalation Injury) and Smoke Inhalation Injury What to Read Next on Medscape ... Smoke Inhalation Injury Differential Diagnoses. Updated: Oct 15, 2021 * Author: Keith A Lafferty, MD; Chief Editor: Joe Alcock ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/771194-differential

Inhalation of ricin typically leads to cough and respiratory distress followed by pulmonary edema, respiratory failure, and ...

https://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/ricin/ricininhcasedef.asp

Это руководство является частью серии, созданной для повышения качества лечения тяжело больных детей в медицинских учреждениях. Оно направлено на увеличение доступности и адекватности оксигенотерапии, в том числе в условиях ...

https://apps.who.int/iris/browse?authority=Oxygen+Inhalation+Therapy&type=mesh

The adjustment enables comparisons to duration-related inhalation non-cancer health guidelines and inhalation cancer risks. ... Standard Approach for Evaluating Inhalation Exposures. ATSDRs standard approach for evaluating inhalation exposures is to ... inhalation dose for the inhalation pathway, and 3) acute high exposure concentration. The default scenario in the SHOWER Model ... Default assumptions for various inhalation exposure scenarios are included in ATSDRs Inhalation EDG. Also refer to default CTE ...

https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/pha-guidance/conducting_scientific_evaluations/epcs_and_exposure_calculations/estimating_inhalation_exposures.html

Dietary and inhalation exposure to nano- and microplastic particles and potential implications for human health ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?authority=Inhalation+Exposure&type=mesh

... Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013 Apr;13(2):151-8. ... We analyze the current role of the specific inhalation challenge (SIC) in the diagnosis of this entity. ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23403644/?dopt=Abstract

Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are receiving this medicine, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.. Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.. ...

https://www.mayoclinic.org/es-es/drugs-supplements/ribavirin-inhalation-route/before-using/drg-20067261

Inhalation of ricin typically leads to cough and respiratory distress followed by pulmonary edema, respiratory failure, and ...

https://www.emergency.cdc.gov/agent/ricin/ricininhcasedef.asp

... The AFRL 711th Human Performance Wing is collaborating with EPA to create an inhalation ... The inhalation component of httk will have three major modules: gas, aerosol, and mixture inhalation. In combination, these ... The gas inhalation module utilizes physicochemical property values from the OPERA QSAR tool to estimate the time course of ... A paper describing the gas inhalation module in more detail will be published in 2020 (Linakis et al. 2020). The aerosol module ...

https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/iccvamreport/2019/technology/comp-tools-dev/inh/index.html

... about Atrovent Inhalation Solution (ipratropium bromide monohydrate) intended for persons living in Australia. ... After using Atrovent Inhalation Solution Storage Keep your Atrovent Inhalation Solution in a cool, dry place where the ... Before you use Atrovent Inhalation Solution When you must not use it Do not use Atrovent Inhalation Solution if you have an ... While you are using Atrovent Inhalation Solution Things you must do Stop using Atrovent Inhalation Solution and tell your ...

https://www.news-medical.net/drugs/Atrovent-Inhalation-Solution.aspx

a zip file of the full study records in XML for all studies in the search results table (max 10000 ...

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&term=%22amikacin+liposome+inhalation+suspension%22&cntry=&state=&city=&dist=

Vilanterol inhalation powder including uses, dosage details, medication side-effects and drug interaction facts from Cleveland ... FLUTICASONE; VILANTEROL (floo TIK a sone; vye LAN ter ol) inhalation is a combination of two medicines that decrease ...

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/drugs/19992-fluticasone-vilanterol-inhalation-powder

Find 76 user ratings and reviews for Breo Ellipta Inhalation on WebMD including side effects and drug interactions, medication ... After just one inhalation I had severe chest pain, high blood pressure, and upper back pain. Also must have caused low ... Sitting on oxygen a lot ,gonna or just used xopenex backup inhaler one Inhalation. And go to bed. I pray for answers for all ... User Reviews for Breo Ellipta inhalation Comments & ratings on the side effects, benefits, and effectiveness of Breo Ellipta ...

https://www.webmd.com/drugs/drugreview-164644-breo-ellipta-inhalation?drugid=164644&drugname=Breo-Ellipta-inhalation

Ipratropium Bromide Inhalation Aerosol) includes uses, warnings, and drug interactions. ... These studies compared ATROVENT HFA Inhalation Aerosol, ATROVENT CFC Inhalation Aerosol, and placebo (in one study only) in ... You may need to use a different bronchodilator medication if you have an allergic reaction to ipratropium inhalation. ... Atrovent HFA is available as a pressurized metered-dose aerosol unit for oral inhalation that contains a solution of ...

https://www.rxlist.com/atrovent-hfa-side-effects-drug-center.htm

4 Killed in Manchester, NH, Fire Died of Smoke Inhalation Joshua Harrison, his wife Ailene Moody, and two of their children, 10 ... died of smoke inhalation, according to the state medical examiners office. ...

https://www.necn.com/news/local/autopsies-scheduled-after-massive-nh-fire-kills-family-of-4/55464/

3 Americans died of gas inhalation at Mexico City Airbnb: authorities by: Amy Avery, Addy Bink, Nexstar Media Wire ... According to the AP, tourists dying of gas inhalation has been a persistent problem in Mexico. A gas tank explosion in March ... Authorities have determined that three Americans who were staying at an Airbnb in Mexico City last month died of gas inhalation ...

https://www.abc4.com/news/national/3-americans-died-of-gas-inhalation-at-mexico-city-airbnb-authorities/

Steam Inhalation, Sunburns, Sweet Almond Oil, Tea Tree Oil, White Vinegar ...

https://naturemoms.com/blog/tag/steam-inhalation/

Inhalation Solution prescription by switching to Tevas FDA-approved generic version, Tobramycin Inhalation Solution, USP ...

https://www.tevausa.com/our-products/tevagenerics/teva-generics-catalog/vision-product-page/tobramycininhalationsolutionusp

... for Inhalation. Includes ingredients, method of preparation, discussion, and references for the compounding pharmacist. ... Abstract: A formulation for preparing Atropine Sulfate 0.1% for Inhalation. Includes ingredients, method of preparation, ...

https://ijpc.com/Abstracts/Abstract.cfm?ABS=367

...

https://www.lancastereaglegazette.com/story/news/local/2016/01/11/man-treated-smoke-inhalation-amanda-fire/78648226/

Inhalation formulations are complex, and empirical data are essential for realizing optimal solutions. ... Spray Drying as an Enabling Technology for Inhalation Drug Delivery. July 03, 2021 ... Considerations for DPIs and MDIs in Inhalation Drug Delivery. October 15, 2021 ... and scaling up dry powder inhaler and metered dose inhaler drug-device combination products for inhalation drug delivery. ...

https://www.pharmtech.com/topic/formulation-and-drug-delivery-inhalation-drugs

Can anything be legally done about smoke inhalation at work?. I work at a movie theater and the popcorn popper emits smoke into ... Home » Ask a Lawyer » Can anything be legally done about smoke inhalation at work? ... Can anything be legally done about smoke inhalation at work?. UPDATED: Oct 1, 2022 ...

https://www.freeadvice.com/legal/smoke-inhalation-319156/

Adult consequences of repeated nicotine vapor inhalation in adolescent rats. View ORCID ProfileArnold Gutierrez, View ORCID ... Adult consequences of repeated nicotine vapor inhalation in adolescent rats Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded a page to ... Methods: Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 30-minute sessions of ENDS vapor inhalation, twice daily, from ... This study was conducted to determine the impact of repeated adolescent vapor inhalation of nicotine on behavior in adulthood ...

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.11.17.516984v1

Inhalation: Dosing, Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Patient Handouts, Pricing and more from Medscape Reference ...

https://reference.medscape.com/drugs/general-anesthetics-inhalation

The US FDA has approved Anthim (obiltoxaximab) injection to treat inhalational anthrax in combination with appropriate antibacterial drugs.

https://rtmagazine.com/products-treatment/pharmaceuticals/us-pharmaceuticals/anthim-approved-to-treat-anthrax-inhalation/

The Inhalation and Respiratory Specialty Section provides a focus for members of the Society of Toxicology dealing with the impact of airborne chemicals and particles on the body. (toxicology.org)
The Section meets regularly at the SOT Annual Meeting to promote a better understanding of inhalation and respiratory tract toxicology, to recognize students and colleagues for notable contributions to research, and to address issues of importance to this field. (toxicology.org)
Inhalation Toxicology Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by CDC Information Center on 08/19/14 metric adjustment factor (DAF) term to account for interspecies extrapolation in the 1994 inhalation reference concentration (RfC) methods (U.S. EPA, 1994). (cdc.gov)

Nerve agents are readily absorbed by inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact. (cdc.gov)
Biological - Not much you can do, but wear a protective mask to keep viruses and bacteria out via the inhalation and ingestion routes. (alpharubicon.com)
Wear protective mask to keep radioactive dust out of your body, once again the inhalation and ingestion routes. (alpharubicon.com)

The four people killed in a fast-moving, pre-dawn fire on Monday in an apartment building in Manchester, New Hampshire, died of smoke inhalation, according to the state medical examiner's office. (necn.com)
Most of the victims died of smoke inhalation. (prisonlegalnews.org)

Air-liquid interface (ALI) systems have been widely used in recent years to investigate the inhalation toxicity of many gaseous compounds, chemicals, and nanomaterials and represent an emerging and promising in vitro method to supplement or ultimately replace in vivo studies. (nist.gov)
ISO 10808:2010 specifies requirements for, and gives guidance on, the characterization of airborne nanoparticles in inhalation exposure chambers for the purpose of inhalation toxicity studies in terms of particle mass, size distribution, number concentration and composition. (ansi.org)
The long-term DNEL is derived from the repeated oral and repeated inhalation toxicity study. (europa.eu)
Acute Tox 4 (H332) based on an inhalation acute toxicity study on stannous oxalate (inhalative LC0 = 0.5 mg/L = 500 mg/m³), OECD TG 436, Dreher 2012). (europa.eu)
Furthermore, there is a 5 -day inhalation preliminary toxicity study with tin monoxide available, which was designed to assess the systemic toxic potential of tin monoxide in a 1 week (6 hours per day, 5 days a week) inhalation study in RccHan™;WIST rats. (europa.eu)
In the following the repeated dose toxicity study via inhalation according to OECD 412 had been conducted. (europa.eu)
The document also provides useful information on appropriate characterization of CNT and CNF, which is required to evaluate and understand the inhalation toxicity of CNT and CNF aerosols. (iso.org)

A GC-FID instrument was used to collected additional data on the gas mixture during inhalation exposures. (cdc.gov)
This section describes how health assessors can estimate inhalation exposures. (cdc.gov)
ATSDR's standard approach for evaluating inhalation exposures is to adjust the air concentration (EPC) by an appropriate EF (rather than calculate an exposure dose) depending on chronic, intermediate, or acute exposure. (cdc.gov)
Health assessors can use PHAST (see PHAST text box below) to help evaluate inhalation exposures. (cdc.gov)
The goal of this effort is to develop a computational approach to generate high-throughput toxicokinetic estimates of chemical inhalation exposures. (nih.gov)
Most formaldehyde exposures occur by inhalation or by skin or eye contact. (vice.com)

Inhalation injuries are acute injuries to your respiratory system and lungs. (medlineplus.gov)
Acute toxic inhalations. (medscape.com)
de Lange DW, Meulenbelt J. Do corticosteroids have a role in preventing or reducing acute toxic lung injury caused by inhalation of chemical agents? (medscape.com)
Acute respiratory distress syndrome after zinc chloride inhalation: survival after extracorporeal life support and corticosteroid treatment. (medscape.com)
If the target population has acute inhalation exposure to ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, chloroform, sulfur dioxide, or formaldehyde, do not adjust the EPC to a continuous 24-hr concentration because the acute inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL) for non-cancer effects was derived using the unadjusted study concentration. (cdc.gov)
A single inhalation of vapor from dried toad secretion containing 5-MeO-DMT produces sub-acute and long-term changes in affect and cognition in volunteers. (springer.com)

The inhalation component of httk will have three major modules: gas, aerosol, and mixture inhalation. (nih.gov)
Atrovent HFA is available as a pressurized metered-dose aerosol unit for oral inhalation that contains a solution of ipratropium bromide. (rxlist.com)
These studies compared ATROVENT HFA Inhalation Aerosol, ATROVENT CFC Inhalation Aerosol, and placebo (in one study only) in 1010 COPD patients. (rxlist.com)
Exposing lung epithelia cells to a CeO2 nanoparticle-containing aerosol using this method, intracellular CeO2 concentrations were similar to those found in a recent subacute inhalation study in rats. (nist.gov)

Please follow Steps 1-16 completely, thus ensuring that you obtain EFFICACIOUS results from your EXPERIMENTAL AETHOZOL (ozone+olive oil) Inhalation Therapy Treatment Sessions. (tripod.com)
14. Turn the Timer Power switch to 'OFF', when you have COMPLETED your EXPERIMENTAL AETHOZOL (ozone+olive oil) Inhalation Therapy Treatment Session. (tripod.com)
15. Drink the following ingredients 1/2 hr. after COMPLETING your EXPERIMENTAL AETHOZOL (ozone+olive oil) Inhalation Therapy Treatment Session: 1 tbl. (tripod.com)
16. (1) Do your EXPERIMENTAL AETHOZOL (ozone+olive oil) Inhalation Therapy Treatment Sessions twice daily [8 A.M. & 8 P.M. or 12 P.M. & 12 A.M. (+1hr. (tripod.com)
Interpretation: Our study demonstrated that H2 gas inhalation therapy significantly alleviates IMRT radiation-induced bone marrow damage without compromising anti-tumor effects. (ssrn.com)
Inhalation therapy has become a mainstay in respiratory care since the inhaled drugs are localized to the target organs, which is not the case in injectable or ingestible therapies. (spex.com)
The adaptation of e-cigarettes as drug delivery devices holds great potential for inhalation therapy. (iptonline.com)

In comparison to the traditionally used intravenous variants, inhalation anesthesia does not accumulate in the body and aids in preventing excessive dosage, while promoting normal functioning of the patient. (imarcgroup.com)
Evaluation of intravenous anthrax immune globulin for treatment of inhalation anthrax. (druglib.com)
Outcomes of intravenous and inhalation anesthesia on patients undergoing esophageal cancer surgery: a retrospective observational study. (bvsalud.org)
Therefore, we compared the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with esophageal cancer under total intravenous anesthesia and inhalation anesthesia . (bvsalud.org)
Among the three routes of antibiotic administration (oral, inhalation and intravenous), inhalation is an attractive alternative for the treatment of lung infections, since it provides high local concentrations and it reduces systemic exposure. (bvsalud.org)

Inhalation Anthrax, On hospital day 2, the patient had increasing tachy- cardia and higher oxygen requirements. (cdc.gov)
Inhalation anthrax is a life-threatening disease caused by pleural space, and 550 mL of serosanguineous fluid was inhalation of Bacillus anthracis spores. (cdc.gov)
On We report the third naturally acquired case of inhalation day 5, thoracentesis of the left pleural space drained 250 anthrax reported in the United States since 1976 ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)
Inhalation anthrax occurred in a man who vacationed in 4 US states where anthrax is enzootic. (cdc.gov)
Although rare, inhalation anthrax can occur naturally in the United States. (cdc.gov)
Historically, inhalation anthrax was considered an occupational hazard for those working in wool and goat hair mills and tanneries ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
Recently, inhalation anthrax cases have resulted from exposure to African-style drums made of animal hides and from bioterrorist attacks ( 6 , 7 ). (cdc.gov)
Public response to an anthrax attack: reactions to mass prophylaxis in a scenario involving inhalation anthrax from an unidentified source. (cdc.gov)

This study was conducted to determine the impact of repeated adolescent vapor inhalation of nicotine on behavior in adulthood in rats. (biorxiv.org)
Methods: Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 30-minute sessions of ENDS vapor inhalation, twice daily, from Post-Natal Day (PND) 31 to PND 40. (biorxiv.org)
Conclusions: The data suggest repeated adolescent nicotine vapor inhalation leads to enhanced liability for nicotine self-administration in adulthood in female rats, but minimal change in spontaneous locomotor behavior. (biorxiv.org)

If you have a chronic heart or lung problem, an inhalation injury can make it worse. (medlineplus.gov)
Atrovent Inhalation Solution opens up the air passages in people suffering from asthma, chronic bronchitis and difficulty breathing during or after surgery. (news-medical.net)
Chronic consequences of inhalation injury are common. (bmj.com)
Modification of the thermogenic effect of acutely inhaled salbutamol by chronic inhalation in normal subjects. (bmj.com)
Tobramycin is a broad spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic used for the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) chronic lung infection in patients with CF and an efficacious alternative for inhalation administration. (bvsalud.org)

The DissolvIt ® (from Inhalation Sciences) is a fully automated in vitro simulation tool for absorption and dissolution of respirable particles in the lung epithelium. (hovione.com)

IMARC Group provides an analysis of the key trends in each sub-segment of the global inhalation anesthesia market report, along with forecasts at the global, regional and country level from 2022-2027. (imarcgroup.com)

Inhalation is an important pathway for human exposure to contaminants that exist as atmospheric gases or are adsorbed to airborne particles or fibers. (cdc.gov)
Overview of Environmental Pulmonary Disease Environmental pulmonary diseases result from inhalation of dusts, allergens, chemicals, gases, or environmental pollutants. (merckmanuals.com)
Inhalation injury occurs when noxious stimuli such as heat, gases, or particulate matter come into contact with the respiratory system. (bmj.com)

50 mcg (1 oral inhalation) 2 times daily. (pediatriconcall.com)

The global inhalation anesthesia market size reached US$ 1.5 Billion in 2021. (imarcgroup.com)

Protective role of simvastatin on lung damage caused by burn and cotton smoke inhalation in rats. (medscape.com)
Plasma levels of nicotine and cotinine were assessed in separate groups of male and female Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats after a single nicotine inhalation session. (biorxiv.org)
In previous studies, we reported that inhalation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) elevated systemic BP, which was associated with an altered activity in the ANS in normotensive rats. (cdc.gov)
SH Wistar rats were pre-implanted with a telemetry device and exposed by inhalation to MWCNTs at a concentration of 2 mg/m3 for 5 h/day for three consecutive days. (cdc.gov)

Inhalation of MWCNTs elevated systemic BP and increased the variance of the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) between adjacent R-R intervals (p (cdc.gov)

Stewart RJ, Yamaguchi KT, Knost PM, Mason SW, Roshdieh BB, Samadani S. Effects of ibuprofen on pulmonary oedema in an animal smoke inhalation model. (medscape.com)
Zinc chloride (smoke bomb) inhalation lung injury: clinical presentations, high-resolution CT findings, and pulmonary function test results. (medscape.com)
Early pulmonary cytokine responses to zinc oxide fume inhalation. (medscape.com)
Inhalation of ricin typically leads to cough and respiratory distress followed by pulmonary edema, respiratory failure, and multi-system organ dysfunction. (cdc.gov)
If your Tripawd has lung metastasis, you may want to investigate inhalation chemotherapy treatment options to fight the spread of pulmonary metastasis. (tripawds.com)

If you have an inhalation injury, your health care provider will make sure that your airway is not blocked. (medlineplus.gov)
When a patient presents with smoke inhalation, immediate assessment of the patient's airway, breathing, and circulation should be done. (medscape.com)
Management of airway burns and inhalation injury. (bmj.com)
IMSEAR at SEARO: Airway response to methacholine inhalation in asymptomatic male smokers. (who.int)

Thai A, Xiao J, Ammit AJ, Rohanizadeh R. Development of inhalable formulations of anti-inflammatory drugs to potentially treat smoke inhalation injury in burn victims. (medscape.com)
Hovione has considerable inhalation experience that allows us to implement strategies including conventional carrier based, neat (drug-alone) or composite particle formulations. (hovione.com)
These formulations can then be used to fill capsules for inhalation (HPMC size 3) and be supplied for proof of concept, feasibility study, clinical trial and commercial manufacturing material. (hovione.com)
We understand the complexity of developing highly sophisticated inhalation formulations, from the particle engineering stage to the device design, characterization and performance prediction. (hovione.com)
To assess the available evidence on the efficacy, safety and coverage related aspects among different inhalation tobramycin formulations in patients with cystic fibrosis. (bvsalud.org)

Ibuprofen reduces the lung lymph flow changes associated with inhalation injury. (medscape.com)
The ALI exposure setup, mirroring the physiological conditions of the deep lung (i.e., alveoli tissue), more closely resembles a subacute in vivo inhalation exposure scenario compared to ubmerged culture exposure. (nist.gov)
There's new hope for dogs with advanced osteosarcoma lung metastasis, thanks to a new UC Davis Inhalation Chemotherapy Study for Dogs. (tripawds.com)

Inhalation anesthesia refers to the anesthetic medications that are induced for maintaining the levels of general anesthesia and sedation in the body during surgery. (imarcgroup.com)

Smoke inhalation is the leading cause of death due to fires. (medscape.com)
Smoke inhalation in pediatric victims. (medscape.com)
Note the many hallmarks of smoke inhalation complexed with burn injury (ie, facial burns, carbonaceous particles in the nasal cavity, periorbital edema, hair singeing). (medscape.com)
Patients with smoke inhalation should be monitored for 4-6 hours in the ED. Those who are at low risk for injury and whose vital signs and physical examination findings remain normal can usually be discharged with close follow-up and instructions to return if symptoms develop. (medscape.com)
Smoke inhalation among firefighters. (medscape.com)
Lawson-Smith P, Jansen EC, Hyldegaard O. Cyanide intoxication as part of smoke inhalation--a review on diagnosis and treatment from the emergency perspective. (medscape.com)
Choi WI, Syrkina O, Kwon KY, Quinn DA, Hales CA. JNK activation is responsible for mucus overproduction in smoke inhalation injury. (medscape.com)
Particulate matter of smoke inhalation. (medscape.com)
Case report: hexachloroethane smoke inhalation: a rare cause of severe hepatic injuries. (medscape.com)
Can anything be legally done about smoke inhalation at work? (freeadvice.com)
Home » Ask a Lawyer » Can anything be legally done about smoke inhalation at work? (freeadvice.com)
WPVI) -- A woman suffered smoke inhalation after a house fire in Claymont, Delaware. (6abc.com)
A woman suffered smoke inhalation and was treated at the scene. (6abc.com)
A fire which broke out in a Churchville home early Tuesday morning sent one man to a local hospital suffering from smoke inhalation, fire officials said. (daggerpress.com)
In the developing world, health problems from smoke inhalation are a significant cause of death in both children under five and women. (nationalgeographic.com)
Trauma is like the smoke of the bushfire and so you can be affected by smoke inhalation but the real issue is dealing with it. (caritas.org.au)
Meanwhile, because of his own proximity to the flames, Castilon had to be evaluated himself for smoke inhalation. (connectionnewspapers.com)

Within inhalation drug development services, Hovione focuses on formulation development to add further value to the services we offer. (hovione.com)

This document reviews characterization of CNT and CNF aerosols for inhalation exposure studies. (iso.org)

The aim of this work was to provide preliminary data on the future applicability of a diagnostic tool to guide DPI (dry powder inhaler) choice based on inhalation profiles achieved by patients. (aerosol-soc.com)

Inhalation exposure can occur in many kinds of work, including tunneling, quarrying, mining, construction, roadway repair and demolition, sandblasting or any type of work that breaks up quartz-containing rock. (cdc.gov)

Hospitals and other ambulatory healthcare centers are widely using sevoflurane and other ether-based inhalation anesthetic agents with low pungency and non-irritant odor for patients with asthma or sensitive air passages. (imarcgroup.com)
Guideline for inhalation injury in burns patients. (bmj.com)
The use of inhalation sedation has proved effective for controlling behavior of these patients. (bvsalud.org)
Inhalation profiles were recorded using a variable resistance device in series with a conventional clinical spirometer for 20 severe asthmatic and 20 COPD patients. (aerosol-soc.com)

If you are looking for a dependable, USA made hydrogen inhalation system, this is the product for you. (promolife.com)
The Promolife Hydrogen Inhalation System offers three easy ways to use pure oxygen and hydrogen gas. (promolife.com)

Atrovent Inhalation Solution contains the active ingredient ipratropium bromide monohydrate. (news-medical.net)
You may need to use a different bronchodilator medication if you have an allergic reaction to ipratropium inhalation. (rxlist.com)

To aid research in filling these gaps, an automated system that could carefully deliver and control the COV concentration within an animal inhalation exposure chamber was needed. (cdc.gov)
In 1994, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency introduced dosimetry modeling into the methods used to derive an inhalation reference concentration ( RfC). (cdc.gov)
The estimated LCt50 (the product of concentration 50 times time that is lethal to 50% of the exposed population by inhalation) ranges from 10 mg-min/m 3 for VX to 400 mg-min/m 3 for GA. (cdc.gov)

Issues of interest to IRSS include indoor and outdoor air pollution, occupational exposure to airborne contaminants, therapeutic drug delivery by inhalation, deposition and pharmacokinetics of agents delivered by the inhalation route, and interactions between inhaled materials and infectious allergic stimuli. (toxicology.org)

If your cat, dog or horse is diagnosed with asthma, emphysema or another breathing condition, your vet may prescribe Albuterol 0.083% Inhalation Solution 2.5 mg/3 ml to help. (chewy.com)

The pharmacokinetics (PK) of AIGIV was assessed in naive animals and healthy human volunteers, and the efficacy of AIGIV was assessed in animals exposed via inhalation to aerosolized B. anthracis spores. (druglib.com)

Some of the commonly used inhalation anesthetics include nitrous oxide, desflurane, isoflurane and sevoflurane. (imarcgroup.com)

This inhalation solution is a bronchodilator that can help your pet to breathe better so that he's able to take in more oxygen. (chewy.com)

In general, the comparability of the toxicological results obtained from in vivo and in vitro inhalation experiments is still challenging. (nist.gov)

This leaflet answers some common questions about Atrovent Inhalation Solution. (news-medical.net)
Your doctor has weighed the risks of you using Atrovent Inhalation Solution against the benefits it is expected to have for you. (news-medical.net)
Ask your doctor if you have any questions about why Atrovent Inhalation Solution has been prescribed for you. (news-medical.net)
Your doctor may have prescribed Atrovent Inhalation Solution for another reason. (news-medical.net)
There is no evidence that Atrovent Inhalation Solution is addictive. (news-medical.net)
Atrovent Inhalation Solution is available only with a doctor's prescription. (news-medical.net)
Do not use Atrovent Inhalation Solution after the expiry date printed on the pack or if the packaging is torn or shows signs of tampering. (news-medical.net)
If you are not sure whether you should start using Atrovent Inhalation Solution, contact your doctor or pharmacist. (news-medical.net)
Your doctor or pharmacist will discuss the possible risks and benefits of using Atrovent Inhalation Solution during pregnancy. (news-medical.net)
If you have not told your doctor or pharmacist about any of the above, tell them before you start using Atrovent Inhalation Solution. (news-medical.net)
Some medicines and Atrovent Inhalation Solution may interfere with each other. (news-medical.net)
Please note, Albuterol 0.083% (Generic) Inhalation Solution is not an inhaler, and requires a nebulizer machine to administer. (chewy.com)
Albuterol 0.083% Inhalation Solution should be stored in the refrigerator. (chewy.com)

Other parameters such as acceleration of the flow and time of inhalation will be taken into account to use the full inhalation profiles for routine clinical guide for inhaler choice. (aerosol-soc.com)

The man was hospitalized on August 2, following onset of illness while he was en route to Minnesota. (cdc.gov)

We analyze the current role of the specific inhalation challenge (SIC) in the diagnosis of this entity. (nih.gov)

Inhalation injury: epidemiology, pathology, treatment strategies. (medscape.com)
Residential fires and workplace accidents are common events that lead to inhalation injury. (bmj.com)
Inhalation injury is a spectrum of clinical disease that occurs when the respiratory system is exposed to extreme heat or toxic substances. (bmj.com)

It's a good idea to use a painter's mask to prevent the possible inhalation of lead dust. (makezine.com)

After just one inhalation I had severe chest pain, high blood pressure, and upper back pain. (webmd.com)

There are many current knowledge gaps regarding the health effects from inhalation of complex mixtures found in crude oil vapors. (cdc.gov)
The adjustment enables comparisons to duration-related inhalation non-cancer health guidelines and inhalation cancer risks . (cdc.gov)
Inhalation of vapor from toad secretion containing 5-MeO-DMT has become popular in naturalistic settings as a treatment of mental health problems or as a means for spiritual exploration. (springer.com)

Your trusted partner for inhalation drug development and an one-site-stop for your inhalation products. (hovione.com)

Anatomy13

Organisms11

Diseases35

Chemicals and Drugs112

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment50

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes33

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture8

Health Care16

The effect of hiatus hernia on gastro-oesophageal junction pressure. (1/770)

Aspirated foreign bodies in the tracheobronchial tree: report of 250 cases. (2/770)

Expiratory time determined by individual anxiety levels in humans. (3/770)

Evaluation of pulmonary resistance and maximal expiratory flow measurements during exercise in humans. (4/770)

Effect on nasal resistance of an external nasal splint and isotonic exercise. (5/770)

Concentration and second-gas effects in the water analogue. (6/770)

Evaluation of the new MB redox system for detection of growth of mycobacteria. (7/770)

Biopersistence and durability of nine mineral fibre types in rat lungs over 12 months. (8/770)

Administration, Inhalation

Inhalation Exposure

Smoke Inhalation Injury

Burns, Inhalation

Inhalation

Aerosols

Anesthetics, Inhalation

Anesthesia, Inhalation

Powders

Lung

Bronchial Provocation Tests

Asthma

Atmosphere Exposure Chambers

Bronchodilator Agents

Albuterol

Dry Powder Inhalers

Air Pollutants, Occupational

Particle Size

Xenon Radioisotopes

Inhalation Spacers

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid

Forced Expiratory Volume

Methacholine Chloride

Airway Resistance

Bronchoconstriction

Air Pollutants

Burns

Metered Dose Inhalers

Carboxyhemoglobin

Bronchi

Smoke

Rats, Inbred F344

Bronchial Hyperreactivity

Respiratory Function Tests

Respiration

Isocyanates

Respiratory Therapy

Dust

Trichloroethanes

Occupational Exposure

Nitrous Oxide

Cromolyn Sodium

Oxygen Radioisotopes

Bronchoconstrictor Agents

Oxygen Inhalation Therapy

Respiratory System

Plutonium

Carbon Dioxide

Ipratropium

Budesonide

Time Factors

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug

Vehicle Emissions

Volatilization

Gases

Cyanates

Isoflurane

Body Burden

Hydrocarbons

Anthrax

Terbutaline

Carbon Monoxide

Pneumonia

Nasal Cavity

Oxygen

Cough

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic

Allergens

Cross-Over Studies

Siloxanes

Skin Absorption

Mucociliary Clearance

Aerosol Propellants

Lung Diseases

Mineral Fibers

Ozone

Particulate Matter

Airway Obstruction

Macrophages, Alveolar

Respiratory Mechanics