Infertility. Medical search

Inability to reproduce after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Reproductive sterility is permanent infertility.

The inability of the male to effect FERTILIZATION of an OVUM after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Male sterility is permanent infertility.

Diminished or absent ability of a female to achieve conception.

Clinical and laboratory techniques used to enhance fertility in humans and animals.

Diseases involving the FALLOPIAN TUBES including neoplasms (FALLOPIAN TUBE NEOPLASMS); SALPINGITIS; tubo-ovarian abscess; and blockage.

Mature male germ cells derived from SPERMATIDS. As spermatids move toward the lumen of the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES, they undergo extensive structural changes including the loss of cytoplasm, condensation of CHROMATIN into the SPERM HEAD, formation of the ACROSOME cap, the SPERM MIDPIECE and the SPERM TAIL that provides motility.

A condition of having no sperm present in the ejaculate (SEMEN).

The capacity to conceive or to induce conception. It may refer to either the male or female.

An assisted reproductive technique that includes the direct handling and manipulation of oocytes and sperm to achieve fertilization in vitro.

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

A condition of suboptimal concentration of SPERMATOZOA in the ejaculated SEMEN to ensure successful FERTILIZATION of an OVUM. In humans, oligospermia is defined as a sperm count below 20 million per milliliter semen.

The process of germ cell development in the male from the primordial germ cells, through SPERMATOGONIA; SPERMATOCYTES; SPERMATIDS; to the mature haploid SPERMATOZOA.

A count of SPERM in the ejaculum, expressed as number per milliliter.

Movement characteristics of SPERMATOZOA in a fresh specimen. It is measured as the percentage of sperms that are moving, and as the percentage of sperms with productive flagellar motion such as rapid, linear, and forward progression.

A condition in which functional endometrial tissue is present outside the UTERUS. It is often confined to the PELVIS involving the OVARY, the ligaments, cul-de-sac, and the uterovesical peritoneum.

Radiography of the uterus and fallopian tubes after the injection of a contrast medium.

A condition characterized by the dilated tortuous veins of the SPERMATIC CORD with a marked left-sided predominance. Adverse effect on male fertility occurs when varicocele leads to an increased scrotal (and testicular) temperature and reduced testicular volume.

The thick, yellowish-white, viscid fluid secretion of male reproductive organs discharged upon ejaculation. In addition to reproductive organ secretions, it contains SPERMATOZOA and their nutrient plasma.

The quality of SEMEN, an indicator of male fertility, can be determined by semen volume, pH, sperm concentration (SPERM COUNT), total sperm number, sperm viability, sperm vigor (SPERM MOTILITY), normal sperm morphology, ACROSOME integrity, and the concentration of WHITE BLOOD CELLS.

Methods pertaining to the generation of new individuals, including techniques used in selective BREEDING, cloning (CLONING, ORGANISM), and assisted reproduction (REPRODUCTIVE TECHNIQUES, ASSISTED).

The ratio of the number of conceptions (CONCEPTION) including LIVE BIRTH; STILLBIRTH; and fetal losses, to the mean number of females of reproductive age in a population during a set time period.

A triphenyl ethylene stilbene derivative which is an estrogen agonist or antagonist depending on the target tissue. Note that ENCLOMIPHENE and ZUCLOMIPHENE are the (E) and (Z) isomers of Clomiphene respectively.

The male gonad containing two functional parts: the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES for the production and transport of male germ cells (SPERMATOGENESIS) and the interstitial compartment containing LEYDIG CELLS that produce ANDROGENS.

Suspension or cessation of OVULATION in animals or humans with follicle-containing ovaries (OVARIAN FOLLICLE). Depending on the etiology, OVULATION may be induced with appropriate therapy.

A condition in which the percentage of progressively motile sperm is abnormally low. In men, it is defined as

An assisted fertilization technique consisting of the microinjection of a single viable sperm into an extracted ovum. It is used principally to overcome low sperm count, low sperm motility, inability of sperm to penetrate the egg, or other conditions related to male infertility (INFERTILITY, MALE).

Techniques for the artifical induction of ovulation, the rupture of the follicle and release of the ovum.

A medical-surgical specialty concerned with the morphology, physiology, biochemistry, and pathology of reproduction in man and other animals, and on the biological, medical, and veterinary problems of fertility and lactation. It includes ovulation induction, diagnosis of infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss, and assisted reproductive technologies such as embryo transfer, in vitro fertilization, and intrafallopian transfer of zygotes. (From Infertility and Reproductive Medicine Clinics of North America, Foreword 1990; Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Notice to Contributors, Jan 1979)

The human male sex chromosome, being the differential sex chromosome carried by half the male gametes and none of the female gametes in humans.

Compounds which increase the capacity to conceive in females.

Artificial introduction of SEMEN or SPERMATOZOA into the VAGINA to facilitate FERTILIZATION.

Results of conception and ensuing pregnancy, including LIVE BIRTH; STILLBIRTH; SPONTANEOUS ABORTION; INDUCED ABORTION. The outcome may follow natural or artificial insemination or any of the various ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNIQUES, such as EMBRYO TRANSFER or FERTILIZATION IN VITRO.

The transfer of mammalian embryos from an in vivo or in vitro environment to a suitable host to improve pregnancy or gestational outcome in human or animal. In human fertility treatment programs, preimplantation embryos ranging from the 4-cell stage to the blastocyst stage are transferred to the uterine cavity between 3-5 days after FERTILIZATION IN VITRO.

Human artificial insemination in which the husband's semen is used.

A pair of highly specialized muscular canals extending from the UTERUS to its corresponding OVARY. They provide the means for OVUM collection, and the site for the final maturation of gametes and FERTILIZATION. The fallopian tube consists of an interstitium, an isthmus, an ampulla, an infundibulum, and fimbriae. Its wall consists of three histologic layers: serous, muscular, and an internal mucosal layer lined with both ciliated and secretory cells.

The reproductive organ (GONADS) in female animals. In vertebrates, the ovary contains two functional parts: the OVARIAN FOLLICLE for the production of female germ cells (OOGENESIS); and the endocrine cells (GRANULOSA CELLS; THECA CELLS; and LUTEAL CELLS) for the production of ESTROGENS and PROGESTERONE.

Abnormal number or structure of the SEX CHROMOSOMES. Some sex chromosome aberrations are associated with SEX CHROMOSOME DISORDERS and SEX CHROMOSOME DISORDERS OF SEX DEVELOPMENT.

Inflammation of a TESTIS. It has many features of EPIDIDYMITIS, such as swollen SCROTUM; PAIN; PYURIA; and FEVER. It is usually related to infections in the URINARY TRACT, which likely spread to the EPIDIDYMIS and then the TESTIS through either the VAS DEFERENS or the lymphatics of the SPERMATIC CORD.

The fusion of a spermatozoon (SPERMATOZOA) with an OVUM thus resulting in the formation of a ZYGOTE.

Pathological processes involving any part of the UTERUS.

Endometrial implantation of EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN at the BLASTOCYST stage.

A spectrum of inflammation involving the female upper genital tract and the supporting tissues. It is usually caused by an ascending infection of organisms from the endocervix. Infection may be confined to the uterus (ENDOMETRITIS), the FALLOPIAN TUBES; (SALPINGITIS); the ovaries (OOPHORITIS), the supporting ligaments (PARAMETRITIS), or may involve several of the above uterine appendages. Such inflammation can lead to functional impairment and infertility.

Proteins found in SEMEN. Major seminal plasma proteins are secretory proteins from the male sex accessory glands, such as the SEMINAL VESICLES and the PROSTATE. They include the seminal vesicle-specific antigen, an ejaculate clotting protein; and the PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN, a protease and an esterase.

Congenital conditions of atypical sexual development associated with abnormal sex chromosome constitutions including MONOSOMY; TRISOMY; and MOSAICISM.

The male sex chromosome, being the differential sex chromosome carried by half the male gametes and none of the female gametes in humans and in some other male-heterogametic species in which the homologue of the X chromosome has been retained.

Methods for assessing the patency of the fallopian tubes.

A variation from the normal set of chromosomes characteristic of a species.

Cessation of ovarian function after MENARCHE but before the age of 40, without or with OVARIAN FOLLICLE depletion. It is characterized by the presence of OLIGOMENORRHEA or AMENORRHEA, elevated GONADOTROPINS, and low ESTRADIOL levels. It is a state of female HYPERGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM. Etiologies include genetic defects, autoimmune processes, chemotherapy, radiation, and infections.

A complex disorder characterized by infertility, HIRSUTISM; OBESITY; and various menstrual disturbances such as OLIGOMENORRHEA; AMENORRHEA; ANOVULATION. Polycystic ovary syndrome is usually associated with bilateral enlarged ovaries studded with atretic follicles, not with cysts. The term, polycystic ovary, is misleading.

A scientific or medical discipline concerning the study of male reproductive biology, diseases of the male genital organs, and male infertility. Major areas of interest include ENDOCRINOLOGY; SPERMATOGENESIS; semen analysis; FERTILIZATION; CONTRACEPTION; and CRYOPRESERVATION.

Pathological processes of the TESTIS.

The mucous membrane lining of the uterine cavity that is hormonally responsive during the MENSTRUAL CYCLE and PREGNANCY. The endometrium undergoes cyclic changes that characterize MENSTRUATION. After successful FERTILIZATION, it serves to sustain the developing embryo.

A major gonadotropin secreted by the adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates GAMETOGENESIS and the supporting cells such as the ovarian GRANULOSA CELLS, the testicular SERTOLI CELLS, and LEYDIG CELLS. FSH consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is common in the three pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH, and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity.

Infections with bacteria of the genus CHLAMYDIA.

Drugs used to increase fertility or to treat infertility.

Pathological processes of the OVARY.

The convoluted cordlike structure attached to the posterior of the TESTIS. Epididymis consists of the head (caput), the body (corpus), and the tail (cauda). A network of ducts leaving the testis joins into a common epididymal tubule proper which provides the transport, storage, and maturation of SPERMATOZOA.

Expulsion of the product of FERTILIZATION before completing the term of GESTATION and without deliberate interference.

The discharge of an OVUM from a rupturing follicle in the OVARY.

Type species of CHLAMYDIA causing a variety of ocular and urogenital diseases.

Female germ cells derived from OOGONIA and termed OOCYTES when they enter MEIOSIS. The primary oocytes begin meiosis but are arrested at the diplotene state until OVULATION at PUBERTY to give rise to haploid secondary oocytes or ova (OVUM).

The condition of carrying two or more FETUSES simultaneously.

Three or more consecutive spontaneous abortions.

The hollow thick-walled muscular organ in the female PELVIS. It consists of the fundus (the body) which is the site of EMBRYO IMPLANTATION and FETAL DEVELOPMENT. Beyond the isthmus at the perineal end of fundus, is CERVIX UTERI (the neck) opening into VAGINA. Beyond the isthmi at the upper abdominal end of fundus, are the FALLOPIAN TUBES.

MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).

Centers for acquiring and storing semen.

Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the interior of the uterus.

The number of births in a given population per year or other unit of time.

Contraceptive methods based on immunological processes and techniques, such as the use of CONTRACEPTIVE VACCINES.

Pathological processes consisting of the union of the opposing surfaces of a wound.

Supporting cells projecting inward from the basement membrane of SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES. They surround and nourish the developing male germ cells and secrete ANDROGEN-BINDING PROTEIN and hormones such as ANTI-MULLERIAN HORMONE. The tight junctions of Sertoli cells with the SPERMATOGONIA and SPERMATOCYTES provide a BLOOD-TESTIS BARRIER.

Hormones that stimulate gonadal functions such as GAMETOGENESIS and sex steroid hormone production in the OVARY and the TESTIS. Major gonadotropins are glycoproteins produced primarily by the adenohypophysis (GONADOTROPINS, PITUITARY) and the placenta (CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN). In some species, pituitary PROLACTIN and PLACENTAL LACTOGEN exert some luteotropic activities.

The state of estrangement individuals feel in cultural settings that they view as foreign, unpredictable, or unacceptable.

The event that a FETUS is born alive with heartbeats or RESPIRATION regardless of GESTATIONAL AGE. Such liveborn is called a newborn infant (INFANT, NEWBORN).

Preservation of cells, tissues, organs, or embryos by freezing. In histological preparations, cryopreservation or cryofixation is used to maintain the existing form, structure, and chemical composition of all the constituent elements of the specimens.

Human behavior or decision related to REPRODUCTION.

A form of male HYPOGONADISM, characterized by the presence of an extra X CHROMOSOME, small TESTES, seminiferous tubule dysgenesis, elevated levels of GONADOTROPINS, low serum TESTOSTERONE, underdeveloped secondary sex characteristics, and male infertility (INFERTILITY, MALE). Patients tend to have long legs and a slim, tall stature. GYNECOMASTIA is present in many of the patients. The classic form has the karyotype 47,XXY. Several karyotype variants include 48,XXYY; 48,XXXY; 49,XXXXY, and mosaic patterns ( 46,XY/47,XXY; 47,XXY/48,XXXY, etc.).

The emission of SEMEN to the exterior, resulting from the contraction of muscles surrounding the male internal urogenital ducts.

Male germ cells derived from the haploid secondary SPERMATOCYTES. Without further division, spermatids undergo structural changes and give rise to SPERMATOZOA.

Surgical anastomosis or fistulization of the spermatic ducts to restore fertility in a previously vasectomized male.

The convoluted tubules in the TESTIS where sperm are produced (SPERMATOGENESIS) and conveyed to the RETE TESTIS. Spermatogenic tubules are composed of developing germ cells and the supporting SERTOLI CELLS.

Interactive processes between the oocyte (OVUM) and the sperm (SPERMATOZOA) including sperm adhesion, ACROSOME REACTION, sperm penetration of the ZONA PELLUCIDA, and events leading to FERTILIZATION.

Condition resulting from deficient gonadal functions, such as GAMETOGENESIS and the production of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES. It is characterized by delay in GROWTH, germ cell maturation, and development of secondary sex characteristics. Hypogonadism can be due to a deficiency of GONADOTROPINS (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism) or due to primary gonadal failure (hypergonadotropic hypogonadism).

Variations of menstruation which may be indicative of disease.

A developmental defect in which a TESTIS or both TESTES failed to descend from high in the ABDOMEN to the bottom of the SCROTUM. Testicular descent is essential to normal SPERMATOGENESIS which requires temperature lower than the BODY TEMPERATURE. Cryptorchidism can be subclassified by the location of the maldescended testis.

Extracts of urine from menopausal women that contain high concentrations of pituitary gonadotropins, FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE and LUTEINIZING HORMONE. Menotropins are used to treat infertility. The FSH:LH ratio and degree of purity vary in different preparations.

The posterior filiform portion of the spermatozoon (SPERMATOZOA) that provides sperm motility.

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

A procedure in which a laparoscope (LAPAROSCOPES) is inserted through a small incision near the navel to examine the abdominal and pelvic organs in the PERITONEAL CAVITY. If appropriate, biopsy or surgery can be performed during laparoscopy.

Transfer of preovulatory oocytes from donor to a suitable host. Oocytes are collected, fertilized in vitro, and transferred to a host that can be human or animal.

Time interval, or number of non-contraceptive menstrual cycles that it takes for a couple to conceive.

The islands of the central and South Pacific, including Micronesia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and traditionally Australasia. (Random House Dictionary, 2d ed)

A type of male infertility in which no germ cells are visible in any of the biopsied SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES (type I) or in which germ cells are present in a minority of tubules (type II). Clinical features include AZOOSPERMIA, normal VIRILIZATION, and normal chromosomal complement.

Methods and procedures for the diagnosis of conditions related to pregnancy, labor, and the puerperium and of diseases of the female genitalia. It includes also demonstration of genital and pregnancy physiology.

Pathological processes of the OVARIES or the TESTES.

Health care services related to human REPRODUCTION and diseases of the reproductive system. Services are provided to both sexes and usually by physicians in the medical or the surgical specialties such as REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE; ANDROLOGY; GYNECOLOGY; OBSTETRICS; and PERINATOLOGY.

Procedures to obtain viable OOCYTES from the host. Oocytes most often are collected by needle aspiration from OVARIAN FOLLICLES before OVULATION.

The social institution involving legal and/or religious sanction whereby individuals are joined together.

A major gonadotropin secreted by the human adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates GAMETOGENESIS and the supporting cells such as the ovarian GRANULOSA CELLS, the testicular SERTOLI CELLS, and the LEYDIG CELLS. FSH consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. The alpha subunit is common in the three human pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH, and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity.

Mystical, religious, or spiritual practices performed for health benefit.

Human artificial insemination in which the semen used is that of a man other than the woman's husband.

A tough transparent membrane surrounding the OVUM. It is penetrated by the sperm during FERTILIZATION.

Inflammation of the uterine salpinx, the trumpet-shaped FALLOPIAN TUBES, usually caused by ascending infections of organisms from the lower reproductive tract. Salpingitis can lead to tubal scarring, hydrosalpinx, tubal occlusion, INFERTILITY, and ectopic pregnancy (PREGNANCY, ECTOPIC)

The deposit of SEMEN or SPERMATOZOA into the VAGINA to facilitate FERTILIZATION.

The total process by which organisms produce offspring. (Stedman, 25th ed)

A technique that came into use in the mid-1980's for assisted conception in infertile women with normal fallopian tubes. The protocol consists of hormonal stimulation of the ovaries, followed by laparoscopic follicular aspiration of oocytes, and then the transfer of sperm and oocytes by catheterization into the fallopian tubes.

Procedures to obtain viable sperm from the male reproductive tract, including the TESTES, the EPIDIDYMIS, or the VAS DEFERENS.

An OOCYTE-containing structure in the cortex of the OVARY. The oocyte is enclosed by a layer of GRANULOSA CELLS providing a nourishing microenvironment (FOLLICULAR FLUID). The number and size of follicles vary depending on the age and reproductive state of the female. The growing follicles are divided into five stages: primary, secondary, tertiary, Graafian, and atretic. Follicular growth and steroidogenesis depend on the presence of GONADOTROPINS.

A group of simple proteins that yield basic amino acids on hydrolysis and that occur combined with nucleic acid in the sperm of fish. Protamines contain very few kinds of amino acids. Protamine sulfate combines with heparin to form a stable inactive complex; it is used to neutralize the anticoagulant action of heparin in the treatment of heparin overdose. (From Merck Index, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p692)

Clinical conditions caused by an abnormal sex chromosome constitution (SEX CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS), in which there is extra or missing sex chromosome material (either a whole chromosome or a chromosome segment).

A type of CELL NUCLEUS division, occurring during maturation of the GERM CELLS. Two successive cell nucleus divisions following a single chromosome duplication (S PHASE) result in daughter cells with half the number of CHROMOSOMES as the parent cells.

A common inhabitant of the vagina and cervix and a potential human pathogen, causing infections of the male and female reproductive tracts. It has also been associated with respiratory disease and pharyngitis. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

The maturing process of SPERMATOZOA after leaving the testicular SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES. Maturation in SPERM MOTILITY and FERTILITY takes place in the EPIDIDYMIS as the sperm migrate from caput epididymis to cauda epididymis.

A potentially life-threatening condition in which EMBRYO IMPLANTATION occurs outside the cavity of the UTERUS. Most ectopic pregnancies (>96%) occur in the FALLOPIAN TUBES, known as TUBAL PREGNANCY. They can be in other locations, such as UTERINE CERVIX; OVARY; and abdominal cavity (PREGNANCY, ABDOMINAL).

A republic in eastern Africa, south of UGANDA, east of DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO, west of TANZANIA. Its capital is Kigali. It was formerly part of the Belgian trust territory of Ruanda-Urund.

The period from onset of one menstrual bleeding (MENSTRUATION) to the next in an ovulating woman or female primate. The menstrual cycle is regulated by endocrine interactions of the HYPOTHALAMUS; the PITUITARY GLAND; the ovaries; and the genital tract. The menstrual cycle is divided by OVULATION into two phases. Based on the endocrine status of the OVARY, there is a FOLLICULAR PHASE and a LUTEAL PHASE. Based on the response in the ENDOMETRIUM, the menstrual cycle is divided into a proliferative and a secretory phase.

Occurrence or induction of release of more ova than are normally released at the same time in a given species. The term applies to both animals and humans.

A major gonadotropin secreted by the adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Luteinizing hormone regulates steroid production by the interstitial cells of the TESTIS and the OVARY. The preovulatory LUTEINIZING HORMONE surge in females induces OVULATION, and subsequent LUTEINIZATION of the follicle. LUTEINIZING HORMONE consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is common in the three pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity.

Actual loss of portion of a chromosome.

Voluntary acceptance of a child of other parents to be as one's own child, usually with legal confirmation.

Pathological processes involving the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).

Paired ducts in the human male through which semen is ejaculated into the urethra.

The anterior portion of the spermatozoon (SPERMATOZOA) that contains mainly the nucleus with highly compact CHROMATIN material.

A method of providing future reproductive opportunities before a medical treatment with known risk of loss of fertility. Typically reproductive organs or tissues (e.g., sperm, egg, embryos and ovarian or testicular tissues) are cryopreserved for future use before the medical treatment (e.g., chemotherapy, radiation) begins.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Women who allow themselves to be impregnated with the understanding that the offspring are to be given over to the parents who have commissioned the surrogate.

Surgical removal of the ductus deferens, or a portion of it. It is done in association with prostatectomy, or to induce infertility. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Euploid male germ cells of an early stage of SPERMATOGENESIS, derived from prespermatogonia. With the onset of puberty, spermatogonia at the basement membrane of the seminiferous tubule proliferate by mitotic then meiotic divisions and give rise to the haploid SPERMATOCYTES.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

A potent androgenic steroid and major product secreted by the LEYDIG CELLS of the TESTIS. Its production is stimulated by LUTEINIZING HORMONE from the PITUITARY GLAND. In turn, testosterone exerts feedback control of the pituitary LH and FSH secretion. Depending on the tissues, testosterone can be further converted to DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE or ESTRADIOL.

A benign neoplasm of muscular tissue. (Stedman, 25th ed)

The number of offspring a female has borne. It is contrasted with GRAVIDITY, which refers to the number of pregnancies, regardless of outcome.

Chemical substances or agents with contraceptive activity in males. Use for male contraceptive agents in general or for which there is no specific heading.

The cap-like structure covering the anterior portion of SPERM HEAD. Acrosome, derived from LYSOSOMES, is a membrane-bound organelle that contains the required hydrolytic and proteolytic enzymes necessary for sperm penetration of the egg in FERTILIZATION.

Pathological processes involving the male reproductive tract (GENITALIA, MALE).

Infections of the genital tract in females or males. They can be caused by endogenous, iatrogenic, or sexually transmitted organisms.

The reproductive cells in multicellular organisms at various stages during GAMETOGENESIS.

Prevention of CONCEPTION by blocking fertility temporarily, or permanently (STERILIZATION, REPRODUCTIVE). Common means of reversible contraception include NATURAL FAMILY PLANNING METHODS; CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS; or CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES.

A benign tumor derived from smooth muscle tissue, also known as a fibroid tumor. They rarely occur outside of the UTERUS and the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT but can occur in the SKIN and SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE, probably arising from the smooth muscle of small blood vessels in these tissues.

Absence of menstruation.

Male germ cells derived from SPERMATOGONIA. The euploid primary spermatocytes undergo MEIOSIS and give rise to the haploid secondary spermatocytes which in turn give rise to SPERMATIDS.

Abnormally infrequent menstruation.

Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS.

Abnormal number or structure of chromosomes. Chromosome aberrations may result in CHROMOSOME DISORDERS.

Tumors or cancer of the TESTIS. Germ cell tumors (GERMINOMA) of the testis constitute 95% of all testicular neoplasms.

The geographical area of Africa comprising CAMEROON; CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC; CHAD; CONGO; EQUATORIAL GUINEA; GABON; and DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO.

The period in the MENSTRUAL CYCLE that follows OVULATION, characterized by the development of CORPUS LUTEUM, increase in PROGESTERONE production by the OVARY and secretion by the glandular epithelium of the ENDOMETRIUM. The luteal phase begins with ovulation and ends with the onset of MENSTRUATION.

A sac or recess formed by a fold of the peritoneum.

A decapeptide that stimulates the synthesis and secretion of both pituitary gonadotropins, LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE. GnRH is produced by neurons in the septum PREOPTIC AREA of the HYPOTHALAMUS and released into the pituitary portal blood, leading to stimulation of GONADOTROPHS in the ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND.

The age of the mother in PREGNANCY.

A gonadotropic glycoprotein hormone produced primarily by the PLACENTA. Similar to the pituitary LUTEINIZING HORMONE in structure and function, chorionic gonadotropin is involved in maintaining the CORPUS LUTEUM during pregnancy. CG consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is virtually identical to the alpha subunits of the three pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH, and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity (CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN, BETA SUBUNIT, HUMAN).

Surgery performed on the male genitalia.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

Inflammation of the EPIDIDYMIS. Its clinical features include enlarged epididymis, a swollen SCROTUM; PAIN; PYURIA; and FEVER. It is usually related to infections in the URINARY TRACT, which likely spread to the EPIDIDYMIS through either the VAS DEFERENS or the lymphatics of the SPERMATIC CORD.

The process by which semen is kept viable outside of the organism from which it was derived (i.e., kept from decay by means of a chemical agent, cooling, or a fluid substitute that mimics the natural state within the organism).

The genital canal in the female, extending from the UTERUS to the VULVA. (Stedman, 25th ed)

The injection of very small amounts of fluid, often with the aid of a microscope and microsyringes.

Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

A species of gram-negative bacteria originally isolated from urethral specimens of patients with non-gonoccocal URETHRITIS. In primates it exists in parasitic association with ciliated EPITHELIAL CELLS in the genital and respiratory tracts.

Personal care items for women.

An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a triad of DEXTROCARDIA; INFERTILITY; and SINUSITIS. The syndrome is caused by mutations of DYNEIN genes encoding motility proteins which are components of sperm tails, and CILIA in the respiratory and the reproductive tracts.

Changes that occur to liberate the enzymes of the ACROSOME of a sperm (SPERMATOZOA). Acrosome reaction allows the sperm to penetrate the ZONA PELLUCIDA and enter the OVUM during FERTILIZATION.

The chromosomal constitution of cells which deviate from the normal by the addition or subtraction of CHROMOSOMES, chromosome pairs, or chromosome fragments. In a normally diploid cell (DIPLOIDY) the loss of a chromosome pair is termed nullisomy (symbol: 2N-2), the loss of a single chromosome is MONOSOMY (symbol: 2N-1), the addition of a chromosome pair is tetrasomy (symbol: 2N+2), the addition of a single chromosome is TRISOMY (symbol: 2N+1).

A glycoprotein that causes regression of MULLERIAN DUCTS. It is produced by SERTOLI CELLS of the TESTES. In the absence of this hormone, the Mullerian ducts develop into structures of the female reproductive tract. In males, defects of this hormone result in persistent Mullerian duct, a form of MALE PSEUDOHERMAPHRODITISM.

Voluntary SEXUAL INTERCOURSE between a married person and someone other than the SPOUSE.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Inflammation of the ENDOMETRIUM, usually caused by intrauterine infections. Endometritis is the most common cause of postpartum fever.

The performance of surgical procedures with the aid of a microscope.

A medical-surgical specialty concerned with the physiology and disorders primarily of the female genital tract, as well as female endocrinology and reproductive physiology.

Increased levels of PROLACTIN in the BLOOD, which may be associated with AMENORRHEA and GALACTORRHEA. Relatively common etiologies include PROLACTINOMA, medication effect, KIDNEY FAILURE, granulomatous diseases of the PITUITARY GLAND, and disorders which interfere with the hypothalamic inhibition of prolactin release. Ectopic (non-pituitary) production of prolactin may also occur. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch36, pp77-8)

Mapping of the KARYOTYPE of a cell.

A condition observed in WOMEN and CHILDREN when there is excess coarse body hair of an adult male distribution pattern, such as facial and chest areas. It is the result of elevated ANDROGENS from the OVARIES, the ADRENAL GLANDS, or exogenous sources. The concept does not include HYPERTRICHOSIS, which is an androgen-independent excessive hair growth.

Stress wherein emotional factors predominate.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

Pathological processes involving the PERITONEUM.

A nitroimidazole antiprotozoal agent used in ameba and trichomonas infections. It is partially plasma-bound and also has radiation-sensitizing action.

Conditions or pathological processes associated with pregnancy. They can occur during or after pregnancy, and range from minor discomforts to serious diseases that require medical interventions. They include diseases in pregnant females, and pregnancies in females with diseases.

An important aggregate factor in epidemiological studies of women's health. The concept usually includes the number and timing of pregnancies and their outcomes, the incidence of breast feeding, and may include age of menarche and menopause, regularity of menstruation, fertility, gynecological or obstetric problems, or contraceptive usage.

The 17-beta-isomer of estradiol, an aromatized C18 steroid with hydroxyl group at 3-beta- and 17-beta-position. Estradiol-17-beta is the most potent form of mammalian estrogenic steroids.

Pain in the pelvic region of genital and non-genital origin and of organic or psychogenic etiology. Frequent causes of pain are distension or contraction of hollow viscera, rapid stretching of the capsule of a solid organ, chemical irritation, tissue ischemia, and neuritis secondary to inflammatory, neoplastic, or fibrotic processes in adjacent organs. (Kase, Weingold & Gershenson: Principles and Practice of Clinical Gynecology, 2d ed, pp479-508)

Short tracts of DNA sequence that are used as landmarks in GENOME mapping. In most instances, 200 to 500 base pairs of sequence define a Sequence Tagged Site (STS) that is operationally unique in the human genome (i.e., can be specifically detected by the polymerase chain reaction in the presence of all other genomic sequences). The overwhelming advantage of STSs over mapping landmarks defined in other ways is that the means of testing for the presence of a particular STS can be completely described as information in a database.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent conception.

A genetic rearrangement through loss of segments of DNA or RNA, bringing sequences which are normally separated into close proximity. This deletion may be detected using cytogenetic techniques and can also be inferred from the phenotype, indicating a deletion at one specific locus.

The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.

Surgery performed on the female genitalia.

The sexual functions, activities, attitudes, and orientations of an individual. Sexuality, male or female, becomes evident at PUBERTY under the influence of gonadal steroids (TESTOSTERONE or ESTRADIOL), and social effects.

The excretory duct of the testes that carries SPERMATOZOA. It rises from the SCROTUM and joins the SEMINAL VESICLES to form the ejaculatory duct.

Formation of an artificial opening in a fallopian tube.

A cutaneous pouch of skin containing the testicles and spermatic cords.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Chemical substances having a specific regulatory effect on the activity of a certain organ or organs. The term was originally applied to substances secreted by various ENDOCRINE GLANDS and transported in the bloodstream to the target organs. It is sometimes extended to include those substances that are not produced by the endocrine glands but that have similar effects.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

The male reproductive organs. They are divided into the external organs (PENIS; SCROTUM;and URETHRA) and the internal organs (TESTIS; EPIDIDYMIS; VAS DEFERENS; SEMINAL VESICLES; EJACULATORY DUCTS; PROSTATE; and BULBOURETHRAL GLANDS).

The premature cessation of menses (MENSTRUATION) when the last menstrual period occurs in a woman under the age of 40. It is due to the depletion of OVARIAN FOLLICLES. Premature MENOPAUSE can be caused by diseases; OVARIECTOMY; RADIATION; chemicals; and chromosomal abnormalities.

Procedures to reverse the effect of REPRODUCTIVE STERILIZATION and to regain fertility. Reversal procedures include those used to restore the flow in the FALLOPIAN TUBE or the VAS DEFERENS.

Utilization or disposal of an embryo that is fertilized but not immediately transplanted and resulting course of action.

The major progestational steroid that is secreted primarily by the CORPUS LUTEUM and the PLACENTA. Progesterone acts on the UTERUS, the MAMMARY GLANDS and the BRAIN. It is required in EMBRYO IMPLANTATION; PREGNANCY maintenance, and the development of mammary tissue for MILK production. Progesterone, converted from PREGNENOLONE, also serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS.

Genes that are located on the Y CHROMOSOME.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

A slightly alkaline secretion of the endocervical glands. The consistency and amount are dependent on the physiological hormone changes in the menstrual cycle. It contains the glycoprotein mucin, amino acids, sugar, enzymes, and electrolytes, with a water content up to 90%. The mucus is a useful protection against the ascent of bacteria and sperm into the uterus. (From Dictionary of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1988)

Recombinant follicle stimulating hormone: development of the first biotechnology product for the treatment of infertility. Recombinant Human FSH Product Development Group. (1/1211)

Genes encoding the common gonadotrophin alpha subunit and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)-specific beta subunit were isolated from a DNA library derived from human fetal liver cells, and inserted into separate expression vectors containing a selectable/amplifiable gene. These vectors were inserted into the genome of the Chinese hamster ovary cell line, resulting in expression of large amounts of biologically active human (h)FSH. This cell line was cultured on microcarrier beads in a large-scale bioreactor. hFSH in the cell culture supernatant was purified to homogeneity by a multistep process. The mature beta subunit had seven fewer amino acid residues than reported in the literature and three other differences were found in the sequence. Similar oligosaccharide structures were present on recombinant (r)-hFSH and a purified urinary (u)-hFSH preparation. In-vitro and in-vivo, the biological activities of u- and r-hFSH were indistinguishable. r-hFSH was formulated in ampoules containing 75 IU FSH activity (approximately 7.5 microg FSH), which accounts for >99% of the protein content of the preparation. Studies in non-human primates and human volunteers showed the pharmacokinetics of u- and r-hFSH to be similar. In healthy volunteers, r-hFSH stimulated follicular development and induced significant increases in serum oestradiol and inhibin. Clinical experience with r-hFSH has shown it is more effective at stimulating ovarian follicle growth than urinary gonadotrophins. It is also effective at initiating spermatogenesis when given together with human chorionic gonadotrophin. (+info)

The clinical efficacy of low-dose step-up follicle stimulating hormone administration for treatment of unexplained infertility. (2/1211)

The present study was designed to compare the clinical efficacy of low-dose step-up follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) administration with conventional FSH protocol (FSH was injected daily starting with a dose of 150 IU), both combined with intrauterine insemination (IUI), for the treatment of unexplained infertility. A total of 97 unexplained infertility couples was randomly assigned to one or other of the two treatment groups, either conventional FSH with IUI (48 patients) or low-dose step-up FSH with IUI (49 patients), and only the first treatment cycle was evaluated in each protocol. The difference in pregnancy rates per cycle was not statistically significant between the low-dose FSH group and the conventional group [seven of 49 (14.3%) and seven of 48 (14.6%) respectively]. A significant reduction in the incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) was observed in the low-dose group (8.3% versus 27.1%, P < 0.05). The incidence of moderate OHSS requiring hospitalization was reduced significantly in the low-dose group (low-dose 0% versus conventional 16.7%, P < 0.01). However, the low-dose protocol did not completely prevent multiple pregnancies. Our results suggest that the low-dose step-up FSH treatment appeared to be useful for the treatment of unexplained infertility because of the high pregnancy rates and the significant decrease in the incidence of OHSS. (+info)

Infertility services and managed care. (3/1211)

The birth of the McCaughey septuplets in Iowa in November 1997 brought issues of fertility assistance and their potential outcomes to worldwide attention. This Pergonal-stimulated multiple pregnancy ended successfully, but not without health hurdles and economic consequences for the new siblings and their family. This article reviews the general situation surrounding infertility services and, within the current debate of epidemiological, economic, legal and social issues, posits that managed care may be able to make greater strides than the present fee-for-service system in providing more accessible and comprehensive care to the 5.3 million US citizens at risk for infertility. Our conclusions suggest that managed care plans for infertility can aid in assuring quality and decreasing unnecessary costs. Managed care organizations should take the lead in providing infertile couples with an organized, humanistic approach that is mindful of the attending social issues. On May 5, 1997, a US District court in Chicago ruled that infertility fits the definition of a disability, and thus is subject to the antidiscrimination enforcement under the Americans with Disabilities Act. (+info)

Parentage testing implications of male fertility after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. (4/1211)

Fertility is expected to be reduced after the extensive chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy that is needed for conditioning prior to bone marrow transplantation. However, a male patient can be fertile, and in very rare situations such as reported here, this may confuse subsequent paternity testing. The patient, initially excluded as the biological father by red cell types but not by HLA, was subsequently included after the history of his previous marrow transplant was revealed, a review of the HLA results and further RFLP testing on buccal mucosal cells. This case points to the need for good history taking before performing paternity testing. (+info)

Effects of mutations in DNA repair genes on formation of ribosomal DNA circles and life span in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (5/1211)

A cause of aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the accumulation of extrachromosomal ribosomal DNA circles (ERCs). Introduction of an ERC into young mother cells shortens life span and accelerates the onset of age-associated sterility. It is important to understand the process by which ERCs are generated. Here, we demonstrate that homologous recombination is necessary for ERC formation. rad52 mutant cells, defective in DNA repair through homologous recombination, do not accumulate ERCs with age, and mutations in other genes of the RAD52 class have varying effects on ERC formation. rad52 mutation leads to a progressive delocalization of Sir3p from telomeres to other nuclear sites with age and, surprisingly, shortens life span. We speculate that spontaneous DNA damage, perhaps double-strand breaks, causes lethality in mutants of the RAD52 class and may be an initial step of aging in wild-type cells. (+info)

The Caenorhabditis elegans mel-11 myosin phosphatase regulatory subunit affects tissue contraction in the somatic gonad and the embryonic epidermis and genetically interacts with the Rac signaling pathway. (6/1211)

Caenorhabditis elegans embryonic elongation is driven by cell shape changes that cause a contraction of the epidermal cell layer enclosing the embryo. We have previously shown that this process requires a Rho-associated kinase (LET-502) and is opposed by the activity of a myosin phosphatase regulatory subunit (MEL-11). We now extend our characterization and show that mel-11 activity is required both in the epidermis during embryonic elongation and in the spermatheca of the adult somatic gonad. let-502 and mel-11 reporter gene constructs show reciprocal expression patterns in the embryonic epidermis and the spermatheca, and mutations of the two genes have opposite effects in these two tissues. These results are consistent with let-502 and mel-11 mediating tissue contraction and relaxation, respectively. We also find that mel-11 embryonic inviability is genetically enhanced by mutations in a Rac signaling pathway, suggesting that Rac potentiates or acts in parallel with the activity of the myosin phosphatase complex. Since Rho has been implicated in promoting cellular contraction, our results support a mechanism by which epithelial morphogenesis is regulated by the counteracting activities of Rho and Rac. (+info)

How concordant are the estimated rates of natural conception and in-vitro fertilization/embryo transfer success? (7/1211)

Knowledge of the chance to conceive for the subfertile couple is important in the process of counselling and clinical decision making. There are no data available on the reproducibility of the clinician's ability to assess the chance to conceive, both after expectant management or treatment with in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-embryo transfer). We evaluated this reproducibility by means of a set of case histories presented to a panel of gynaecologists and endocrinologists. A poor reproducibility would indicate a strong need for the use of prognostic models. In 1995, 57 gynaecologists and 32 reproductive endocrinologists were asked to appraise the 1 year spontaneous conception chance as well as the cumulative success rate of three cycles for IVF-embryo transfer of four couples with different medical histories. The clinical and laboratory data of these couples were presented as case histories. The difference between the estimated spontaneous pregnancy chances and the success rate of IVF-embryo transfer was also calculated. Calculation of intra-class correlation coefficients, which can be considered as measures of the reproducibility, demonstrated a substantial reproducibility of the assessment of spontaneous conception chances, but a slight to fair reproducibility of the assessment of IVF-embryo transfer success rates. We conclude that the use of reliable prognostic models for IVF-embryo transfer in the management of subfertility is warranted. (+info)

Intrauterine insemination treatment in subfertility: an analysis of factors affecting outcome. (8/1211)

A total of 811 intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles in which clomiphene citrate/human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) was used for ovarian stimulation were analysed retrospectively to identify prognostic factors regarding treatment outcome. The overall pregnancy rate was 12.6% per cycle, the multiple pregnancy rate 13.7%, and the miscarriage rate 23.5%. Logistic regression analysis revealed five predictive variables as regards pregnancy: number of the treatment cycle (P = 0.009), duration of infertility (P = 0.017), age (P = 0.028), number of follicles (P = 0.031) and infertility aetiology (P = 0.045). The odds ratios for age < 40 years, unexplained infertility aetiology (versus endometriosis) and duration of infertility < or = 6 years were 3.24, 2.79 and 2.33, respectively. A multifollicular ovarian response to clomiphene citrate/HMG resulted in better treatment success than a monofollicular response, and 97% of the pregnancies were obtained in the first four treatment cycles. The results indicate that clomiphene citrate/HMG/IUI is a useful and cost-effective treatment option in women < 40 years of age with infertility duration < or = 6 years, who do not suffer from endometriosis. (+info)

Male infertility is responsible for 20-30% of infertility cases, while 20-35% are due to female infertility, and 25-40% are due ... Male infertility is responsible for 20-30% of infertility cases, while 20-35% are due to female infertility, and 25-40% are due ... Primary infertility is infertility in a couple who have never had a child. Secondary infertility is failure to conceive ... of all infertility cases. See Infertility associated with small supernumerary marker chromosomes and Genetics of infertility# ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infertility

... is infertility that is idiopathic in the sense that its cause remains unknown even after an infertility ... Male infertility Female infertility merckmanuals > Unexplained Infertility Last full review/revision November 2008 by Robert W ... Globally, about 10% of infertile couples have unexplained infertility. Potential methods in unexplained infertility include ... duration of infertility/subfertility, infertility/subfertility being primary or secondary, percentage of motile sperm and being ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unexplained_infertility

... caused by anovulation is called "anovulatory infertility", as opposed to "ovulatory infertility" in which ... Infertility can further be broken down into primary and secondary infertility. Primary infertility refers to the inability to ... Female infertility refers to infertility in women. It affects an estimated 48 million women, with the highest prevalence of ... Infertility is caused by many sources, including nutrition, diseases, and other malformations of the uterus. Infertility ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Female_infertility

The male infertility crisis is an increase in male infertility since the mid-1970s. The issue attracted media attention after a ... Y chromosomal infertility is a direct cause of male infertility due to its effects on sperm production, occurring in ... In humans it accounts for 40-50% of infertility. It affects approximately 7% of all men. Male infertility is commonly due to ... It is present in up to 35% of cases of primary infertility and 69-81% of secondary infertility. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Male_infertility

The male infertility crisis is an increase in male infertility since the mid-1970s. The issue attracted media attention after a ... Kumar, Naina; Singh, AmitKant (2015). "Trends of male factor infertility, an important cause of infertility: A review of ... "Why the male infertility crisis could be good news for women". New Scientist. Retrieved 2018-10-10. Nelson, C.M. Kinloch; Bunge ... Believers that male infertility has reached crisis proportions say that more must be done to remediate potential causes of male ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Male_infertility_crisis

If tubal factor infertility is suspected to be the cause of the infertility treatment begins with or without confirmation of ... Tubal factor infertility (TFI) is female infertility caused by diseases, obstructions, damage, scarring, congenital ... Infertility is the major symptom of TFI and is generally defined as a woman under 35 who has not become pregnant after 12 ... Infertility can have multiple possible causes and may not be recognized for years after a gonorrhea, Chlamydia or Mycoplasma ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubal_factor_infertility

It is preferable to speak of "endometriosis-associated infertility" rather than any definite "infertility caused by ... Endometriosis is estimated to occur in 1% to 5% of women, with an associated risk of infertility for between 30% and 50% of ... Women in which the presenting symptom is infertility often have diagnoses delayed beyond the average window of 25-29 years of ... The decision when to apply IVF in endometriosis-associated infertility cases takes into account the age of the individual, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endometriosis_and_infertility

The Akanksha Infertility Clinic is a women's health centre located in Anand, Gujarat, India, and headed by Dr Nayna Patel. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akanksha_Infertility_Clinic

... may refer to: Smoking and female infertility Smoking and male infertility This disambiguation page ... lists articles associated with the title Smoking and infertility. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoking_and_infertility

NR5A1 mutations are associated with male infertility, suggesting the possibility that these mutations cause the infertility. ... sSMCs occur in 0.125% of all infertility cases, are 7.5-fold more common in men, and in women are often associated with ovarian ... However, it is possible that these mutations individually have no major effect and only contribute to the male infertility by ... The sSMCs associated with infertility can consist of parts of virtually any other chromosome. While only a small percentage of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetics_of_infertility

... (REI) is a surgical subspecialty of obstetrics and gynecology that trains physicians ... In Australia and New Zealand, a training program in reproductive endocrinology and infertility takes 3 years, and is offered in ... While most REI specialists primarily focus on the treatment of infertility, reproductive endocrinologists are trained to also ... Then, to become board certified in reproductive endocrinology and infertility, one must first complete board certification in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reproductive_endocrinology_and_infertility

... the presence of ovulation indicates absence of infertility, though it does not rule out infertility by other causes.[citation ... Infertility in polycystic ovary disease (PCOS) is a hormonal imbalance in women that is thought to be one of the leading causes ... Management of infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome includes lifestyle modification as well as assisted reproductive ... Polycystic ovary syndrome causes more than 75% of cases of anovulatory infertility. Not all women with PCOS have difficulty ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infertility_in_polycystic_ovary_syndrome

The diagnosis of infertility causes many males to question their masculinity. Male factor infertility is frequently associated ... "The male experience of infertility: a thematic analysis of an online infertility support group bulletin board." Journal of ... which heightens the feelings of inadequacy that already accompany infertility. The psychological stress of infertility has been ... Men who acknowledge infertility, articulate the sources of their anxiety, express their loss of confidence in sexual adequacy, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological_effects_of_male_infertility

Infertility. Total lack of sense of smell (anosmia) or markedly reduced sense of smell (hyposmia). This is the defining feature ... In males with KS/CHH, infertility is primarily due to the lack of sperm production within the testes. Sperm production can be ... In females with KS/CHH, infertility is primarily due to the lack of maturation of eggs located within the ovaries. Ovulation ... This will lead to a fall in testosterone or oestrogen levels and infertility. Functional hypothalamic amenorrhoea is seen in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kallmann_syndrome

... infertility; cosmetic treatment; experimental or unproven treatment or drugs; and war risks. Chronic illnesses, such as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialized_medicine

Infertility is an increasingly common issue among women of reproductive age. The CDC estimates 6% of women between the ages of ... Several effects of infertility, pregnancy loss, birth trauma, and delivery of offspring lead to a wide range of major health ... "Infertility , Reproductive Health , CDC". www.cdc.gov. 2019-06-06. Retrieved 2021-04-07. Hilbert SM, Gunderson S (May 2019). " ... "Infertility , Reproductive Health , CDC". www.cdc.gov. 2022-03-03. Retrieved 2022-08-12. Seyede Batool Hasanpoor-Azghdy. "The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women's_reproductive_health_in_the_United_States

"Infertility". The Lecturio Medical Concept Library. Archived from the original on 27 August 2021. Retrieved 27 August 2021. " ... Infertility Menorrhagia (heavy menstrual periods); a common indication for hysterectomy Prolapse of pelvic organs Infections of ... Gender gap in pay extends to reproductive endocrinology and infertility specialists". ScienceDaily. Archived from the original ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gynaecology

2 February 2011). Infertility. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-4443-9394-1. OCLC 1083163793. IVF.com > Ovulation Induction ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovulation

Martin of Tours - alcoholism Matthias - alcoholism, smallpox Maturinus - invoked against mental illness and infertility St. ... infertility; panic attacks Trophimus of Arles - against drought Tryphon - against infestations of bedbugs, rodents and locusts[ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patron_saints_of_ailments,_illness,_and_dangers

Infertility rates today are believed to be higher in the general population than for the population in this study from the ... It is recommended that women have an infertility evaluation if they are over the age of 40, or if they are over the age of 35 ... In many cases, infertility can be treated with many reproductive technologies, but their success declines with age. The issues ... Infertility, Economics, and Common Sense. By Paul E. Visneski. The Journal of Lancaster General Hospital. Nelson, S. M.; Telfer ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_and_female_fertility

Infertility: The impact of testicular torsion on long-term fertility is not yet fully understood. However, testicular torsion ... Abdel Raheem, Amr; Ralph, David; Minhas, S. (September 2012). "Male infertility". British Journal of Medical and Surgical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testicular_torsion

A recent study identified epigenetic patterns in male sperm that may contribute to infertility. Infertility Dunson DB, Baird DD ... To test for ovarian reserve in women with infertility, FSH levels are measured from blood samples taken on day three of the ... It is a diagnostic test used in the investigation of infertility from genetic or infectious causes such as uterine fibroids, ... "Infertility Diagnosis". ARC Fertility. Retrieved 4 November 2016. "Rhythm method for natural family planning - Mayo Clinic". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertility_testing

... greater risk of pregnancy complications and infertility. PID requires immediate treatment. Infertility in men. Gonorrhea can ... and infertility. Men who have had a gonorrhea infection have an increased risk of getting prostate cancer. About 88 million ... Infertility in women. Gonorrhea can spread into the uterus and fallopian tubes, causing pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). PID ... Untreated epididymitis can lead to infertility. Infection that spreads to the joints and other areas of the body. The bacterium ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonorrhea

... has proven effective in a variety of conditions associated with progesterone deficiency, Infertility due to ... ISBN 978-94-009-8195-9. Taubert HD (1978). "Luteal phase insufficiency". Female Infertility. Contrib Gynecol Obstet. ... dyspareunia and infertility. Dydrogesterone relieves pain without inhibiting ovulation, so that patients are able to become ... infertility due to luteal insufficiency, dysmenorrhea, endometriosis, secondary amenorrhea, irregular cycles, premenstrual ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dydrogesterone

Male infertility; Post-traumatic stress disorder; Child abuse by part of a teacher or parent; Child abuse in general; Bed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lo_que_callamos_las_mujeres

It has also been used to treat male infertility, although this use is controversial. It is taken by mouth. Side effects of ... ISBN 978-1-4471-1029-3. Larry I. Lipshultz; Stuart S. Howards; Craig S. Niederberger (24 September 2009). Infertility in the ... 411-. ISBN 978-1-139-45221-2. T.B. Hargreave (6 December 2012). Male Infertility. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 398- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesterolone

Infertility: Overview. InformedHealth.org. Cologne: Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care. 25 March 2015 - via ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ageing

Since infertility increases the risk of ovarian cancer, fertility drugs have been used to combat this but the cancer risks are ... Though there is no FDA indication for the use of clomiphene in male infertility, it has been prescribed since the 1960s. As of ... This set of therapy is reserved for a subset of women with infertility and have produced ovulation rates of 90% and pregnancy ... Its use to treat anovulatory infertility was based on an association of insulin resistance in non-obese women with PCOS. While ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertility_medication

... infertility (15%); and concerns about health, side effects or the cost of family planning (12%). Contraception has been ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prevalence_of_birth_control

"Infertility Journey". It's a Buzz World. Retrieved 2017-09-16. "First-Ever All-Girl Quintuplets Now All Home". ABC News. 2015- ... Adam and Danielle had struggled with infertility, ultimately becoming pregnant both times by intrauterine insemination. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OutDaughtered

What causes infertility in men?. Infertility in men can be caused by different factors and is typically evaluated by a semen ... Is infertility just a womans problem?. No, infertility is not always a womans problem. Both men and women can contribute to ... Infertility - (MedlinePlus). *RESOLVE: The National Infertility Association - RESOLVE is a national consumer organization that ... What are some of the specific treatments for male infertility?. Male infertility may be treated with medical, surgical, or ...

https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/Infertility/

Problems of male infertility can seem like minor issues within the larger realm of urology. But many male infertility diagnoses ... Treatments for male infertility will continue to progress, and as an increasing number of couples seek infertility services, ... such as female infertility issues, including age greater than 35, or a history of male risk factors for infertility, such as ... A male factor alone is the cause of infertility in up to 20% of infertile couples and a contributing factor in another 30% to ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/543999

There are 2 types of infertility:. *Primary infertility refers to couples who have not become pregnant after at least 1 year ... Female infertility may occur when:. *A fertilized egg or embryo does not survive once it attaches to the lining of the womb ( ... Secondary infertility refers to couples who have been able to get pregnant at least once, but now are unable to do so. ... Infertility problems and miscarriage rates increase significantly after 35 years of age. There are now options for early egg ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001191.htm

未知 (‎2010)‎. Maasai couples seek safer solutions to infertility. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 88 (‎12)‎, 885 - ...

https://apps.who.int:80/iris/handle/10665/270821?locale-attribute=zh&

... infertility, diabetes, and cognitive decline. Through their stories, youll learn the potential causes of these diseases and ... To access A Story of Health: Infertility, please visit A Story of Health Infertility training module. pdf icon[PDF - 7.4 MB] ... A Story of Health: Infertility is one module in A Story of Health which conveys complex concepts about multiple influences on ... In order to receive continuing education (CE) for SS4533 A Story of Health Infertility Reiko & Toshios Story please visit TCEO ...

https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/emes/health_professionals/reiko.html

Infertility is defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after one year of unprotected intercourse. An estimated 15% of ... encoded search term (Male Infertility) and Male Infertility What to Read Next on Medscape ... Male Infertility Medication. Updated: Jun 05, 2020 * Author: Chirag N Dave, MD; Chief Editor: Edward David Kim, MD, FACS more ... Male infertility. Technique of open vasography: The vas distal to the site of incision is determined to be patent if saline is ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/436829-medication

... infertility - Featured Topics from the National Center for Health Statistics ... Data are also presented on a measure of infertility among men aged 15-44. Infertility is defined as a lack of pregnancy in the ... US Infertility Rates Drop Slightly. NCHS has released a new report that presents nationally representative estimates and trends ... QuickStats: Percentage of Women Aged 25-44 Years Who Had Ever Used Infertility Services, by Type of Service - National Survey ...

https://blogs.cdc.gov/nchs/category/infertility/

... infertility is the inability to become pregnant after one year of intercourse without contraception involving a male and female ... Infertility is the inability of a person, animal or plant to reproduce by natural means. It is usually not the natural state of ... Infertility. Infertility is the inability of a person, animal or plant to reproduce by natural means. It is usually not the ... Do I have to inform the girl that I am planning to marry about my infertility problems when it is likely that will be a deal ...

https://www.al-islam.org/fr/tags/infertility

Infertility, Pregnancy Loss and ART in Women With Asthma Infertility, Pregnancy Loss and ART in Women With Asthma. Does asthma ... Female Doctors Have Higher Infertility Rates: What Can Be Done? Female Doctors Have Higher Infertility Rates: What Can Be Done? ... Medical Management of Male Infertility: Now and Future Medical Management of Male Infertility: Now and Future. Learn more about ... I struggled with infertility for 16 months. Then I used my science background to invent a product for at-home insemination and ...

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Anti-zona-pellucida autoantibodies [‎AZP-Ab]‎ and anti-sperm isoantibodies [‎ASA]‎ were assessed in the cervical secretions from 73 infertile Jordanian women and 41 fertile control women using latex agglutination. Significantly ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?authority=Infertility%2C+Female&type=mesh

Private Life hits Netflix, an infertility dramedy starring Kathryn Hahn and Paul Giamatti that gets real about IVF, adoption ...

https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2018/10/05/netflix-private-life-infertility-comedy-you-need-see/1526816002/

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Is infertility becoming more common? Despite public worry and discussion, the actual incidence of infertility has remained ... One American couple out of 5 or 6 currently experiences infertility. Infertility grows more common with increasing age; about ... ContraceptionEndometriosisInfertilityUterine FibroidsVulvovaginal Candidiasis. Spotlight. Advances in the Management of Uterine ... Because infertility and its treatment raise all these issues, and because the treatment itself may involve considerable time, ...

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Final Report Summary - EPIGEFXY (Epigenetic regulation of the sex chromosomes and male infertility). Human infertility affects ... When absent, Sly leads to male infertility due to sperm defects caused by deregulation of XY genes; this deregulation can be ... With ART, the genetic and epigenetic causes of infertility may now be transmitted to subsequent generations, even in cases of ... Alterations in these processes could significantly contribute to male infertility.. The aim of our project was to better ...

https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/273143/reporting

The Ancient Art of Infertility Treatment When it comes to getting pregnant, old world techniques may be just what todays high- ... If headlines are any indication of whats hot and whats not, its easy to believe that infertility treatment is strictly a ... Look for a doctor that is adequately trained and licensed in acupuncture, as well as has a background in treating infertility. ... "Acupuncture works to restore the flow of Qi -- your essence, your body energy -- so with regards to infertility, treatment has ...

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Get infertility advice, support and a listening ear from women who understand. ...

https://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art303956.asp

Infertility bloggers note the prevalence of "comparative grieving," or what Tertia dubs "the Pain Olympics of infertility" - a ... Like Tertia, most infertility bloggers are women. This is hardly surprising, given that women bear the brunt of infertility ... As with any subculture, the world of infertility blogs can be confusing to outsiders. Infertility bloggers have their own lingo ... for the infertility. And marriages do sometimes break up, as the sarcastic announcement on the blog "Life With Infertility" ( ...

https://www.thenewatlantis.com/publications/blogging-infertility

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... Pediatrics. 1968 Jan;41(1):7-17. ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5635490/?dopt=AbstractPlus

I just dont know what to do and would love some feedback. My DD is 31 months old and nurses frequently. I would say at least 6-8x day if permitted and...

https://www.mothering.com/threads/infertility-and-eb.86517/

A study showed that approximately 34% of young women (average age of 23 years) who struggle to fall pregnant due to infertility ... A recent talk by registered dietician Ria Catsicas has highlighted how infertility and PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) are ... Obesity is becoming an increasingly common cause for infertility. ... solution to infertility associated with obesity.. How successful are lifestyle modification programmes?. However, Catsicas ( ...

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Hello Grandma Maggie,. My name is Melissa, and my partner and I have been trying to conceive for the past six months. Although we have been trying for six months, month after month there is always disappointment. To my knowledge, we are doing everything right: our diets, our exercising, you name it were doing it. Read More. ...

https://babynames.com/blogs/tag/infertility/

Percentage of U.S. adults with difficulty conceiving who used select infertility treatments as of 2020 table column chart ... Causes of infertility in select countries as of 2015. *Age of women who visited fertility specialists in select countries 2015 ... Premium Statistic Causes of infertility in select countries as of 2015. * Premium Statistic Age of women who visited fertility ... Premium Statistic Using ART for infertility by patient diagnosis 2019. * Premium Statistic Share of ART types and procedural ...

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Our OB/GYN physicians can provide basic infertility services to patients who may be experiencing difficulty in conceiving. ... Infertility Our OB/GYN physicians can provide basic infertility services to patients who are having trouble conceiving. If you ...

https://www.lifebridgehealth.org/Sinai/Infertility.aspx

... Eur J Clin Nutr. ... Subjects and methods: In total, 18,555 married, premenopausal women without a history of infertility were followed as they ... Objective: To evaluate whether the amount or quality of carbohydrate in diet is associated with ovulatory infertility. ... Results: During follow-up, 438 women reported ovulatory infertility. Total carbohydrate intake and dietary glycemic load were ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17882137/

Access to Infertility Services in the US (IMAGE) University of Pittsburgh Schools of the Health Sciences ... 25 million US women lack access to infertility services, Pitt study shows. University of Pittsburgh Schools of the Health ... Health and medicine/Diseases and disorders/Reproductive disorders/Infertility * /Scientific community/Research programs/ ...

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A small study in men suggests tiny bubbles of cell membrane found in semen are different in those with unexplained infertility ... In the UK, one-quarter of infertility cases have no obvious cause, leading to a diagnosis of "unexplained infertility". ... Tiny fluid-filled bubbles of cell membrane found in semen could help to explain some cases of infertility, suggests a small lab ... A small study in men suggests tiny bubbles of cell membrane found in semen are different in those with unexplained infertility ...

https://www.newscientist.com/article/2328065-tiny-bubbles-in-semen-could-contribute-to-unexplained-infertility/

St. Joseph Communications uses cookies for personalization, to customize its online advertisements, and for other purposes. Learn more or change your cookie preferences. By continuing to use our service, you agree to our use of cookies ...

https://www.todaysparent.com/tag/infertility-treatments/

How does male infertility affect your ability to get pregnant? * Can you still conceive if youre dealing with male infertility ... What is male infertility?. Male infertility is defined as when a man is unable to conceive with his partner after at least a ... What are the possible treatments for male infertility? * Can you get pregnant if youre dealing with male infertility, or will ... Whos at risk for male infertility?. Any man can be affected by infertility, even if hes already fathered a child. Still, ...

https://www.whattoexpect.com/getting-pregnant/fertility-tests-and-treatments/male-infertility/

Chinese researchers conclude in a new study that ties higher odds of infertility with increased ambient ... But while most infertility cases stem from endometriosis and other specific disorders, the authors wrote, the causes of ... In what the authors described as a first-of-a-kind finding, the study linked a 20% higher likelihood of infertility with an ... Soot is more technically known as fine particulate matter or PM2.5; infertility is defined as an inability to become pregnant ...

https://www.eenews.net/articles/researchers-link-soot-exposure-infertility/

While these definitions of infertility are used for data collection and monitoring, they are not intended to guide recommendations about the provision of fertility care services. (cdc.gov)
Submucous myomas are strongly associated with poor fertility outcomes and should be removed in the setting of infertility. (medscape.com)
NCHS has released a new report that presents nationally representative estimates and trends for infertility and impaired fecundity-two measures of fertility problems-among women aged 15-44 in the United States. (cdc.gov)
The researchers collected exosomes from semen samples collected from 10 men who had unexplained infertility and from 10 sperm donors with no fertility problems. (newscientist.com)
After infertility problem the very first discussion in family is to go through fertility treatments with may create dissimilarity in opinions. (selfgrowth.com)
Mohak Infertility Center is one of the Best fertility hospitals in India and provides you affordable IVF treatment cost in Indore. (selfgrowth.com)
Most of the focus of infertility research has been on women, however: on what can reduce their fertility and on how that can be averted, compensated for or corrected with treatment. (asianage.com)
Comprehensive European or global data on funding going to male fertility research are not available, but in Britain, for example, only around 3.6 percent of the Medical Research Council Populations and Systems panel budget was provided for male infertility research from 2014 to 2017. (asianage.com)
Infertility : causes, care and consequences, studies of frequency, risk factors, psychological consequences and health services for Norwegian women with reduced fertility of childlessness / by Johanne Sundby. (who.int)
I began reflecting on the struggles we went thru to even get our infertility treatments covered by insurance and how incredibly hard our doctor fought for us, to the emotional goodbye when we transitioned from our fertility doctor, to the multiple rounds of IVF that we endured, to the emotional rollercoaster that is infertility. (michelelovetri.com)
Visit your gynecologist for more information on fertility and infertility. (wmcdothan.net)
SACRAMENTO, Calif. /California Newswire/ -- California IVF Fertility Center, a full-service infertility treatment center based in Northern California announced the second annual infertility awareness campaign. (californianewswire.com)

Individuals and couples who are unable to conceive a child should consider making an appointment with a reproductive endocrinologist-a doctor who specializes in managing infertility. (cdc.gov)
Although advanced age plays a much more important role in predicting female infertility, couples in which the male partner is 40 years old or older are more likely to report difficulty conceiving. (cdc.gov)
Happily, many couples treated for infertility go on to have babies. (medlineplus.gov)
Spontaneous pregnancy in couples waiting for artificial insemination donor because of severe male infertility. (medscape.com)
Human infertility affects ~15% of couples, each partner being equally likely to be affected. (europa.eu)
There are blogs written by gay and lesbian parents, single mothers by choice, and by couples who have successfully conceived after infertility. (thenewatlantis.com)
The good news is that many couples who experience male infertility issues are still able to conceive. (whattoexpect.com)
Infertility can be an uncomfortable puzzle for couples trying to conceive, and male partners feel the stress just as much as women do. (whattoexpect.com)
Here's a closer look at the issues that can affect a man's ability to conceive with his partner, how male infertility is diagnosed and what couples can do about it. (whattoexpect.com)
Many couples are turning to acupuncture to treat infertility. (medhelp.org)
Primary infertility refers to couples who have not become pregnant after at least 1 year having sex without using birth control methods. (medlineplus.gov)
Secondary infertility refers to couples who have been able to get pregnant at least once, but now are unable. (medlineplus.gov)
1. Fear that your partner will leave you - It is the most common notice impact of infertility in couples. (selfgrowth.com)
4. Dissimilarity in opinions - Dealing with infertility issue is it self a roller coaster for couples along with that if the opinion of partner doesn't matches is another one pressure on heads. (selfgrowth.com)
In 10 out of 100 couples who are tested for infertility, no cause is found. (healthlinkbc.ca)
Enormous advances in treating infertility in recent decades have helped couples conceive longed-for offspring they previously would not have had. (asianage.com)
Infertility is a significant global health problem, with specialists estimating that as many as one in six couples worldwide are affected. (asianage.com)
Therefore, it is necessary to develop actions that aim at improving the marital and sexual quality of life of couples who are undergoing diagnosis and treatment for infertility. (bvsalud.org)
Female infertility is a problem that affects many couples around the world. (laserlighthealth.com)
We have seen many couples struggle with the challenge of infertility. (chapelhillobgyn.com)
According to Nye, a study of 18,000 Chinese couples indicated that those who experienced significantly higher levels of small-particle pollution had a 20% higher chance of infertility. (healthylifehuman.com)
It is more crucial than ever to consider air pollution as a potential cause because up to 30% of couples experience infertility problems with no known explanation. (healthylifehuman.com)
is a bugging question couples with secondary infertility often ask. (com.ng)
For couples under age 35, infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after 12 months of unprotected intercourse. (lexmed.com)
In this WLTX interview inside Lexington Medical Center's new patient care tower, Dr. Blake Chapman of Lexington Women's Care , a Lexington Medical Center physician practice, talks about diagnosing infertility and helping couples to welcome a baby. (lexmed.com)
That means that approximately 10 to 15 percent of couples fall into the category of infertility and should see their health care provider. (lexmed.com)
Infertility in general has increased over the years, with 7% couples unable to have children unassisted. (hackyourgut.com)
Infertility is a significant psychological stressor among infertile couples. (who.int)

Impaired fecundity is a condition related to infertility and refers to women who have difficulty getting pregnant or carrying a pregnancy to term. (cdc.gov)
Data show female physicians have higher risks for infertility and pregnancy loss than the general public. (medworm.com)
In total, 18,555 married, premenopausal women without a history of infertility were followed as they attempted a pregnancy or became pregnant during an 8-year period. (nih.gov)
Younes, A.K. (2003) Improvement of sexual activity, pregnancy rate, and lowplasma testosterone after bilateral varicocelectomy in impotence and male infertility patients. (scirp.org)
2009) Effect of infertility duration on post varicocelectomy sperm counts and pregnancy rates. (scirp.org)
Facing infertility involves grieving the pregnancy and birth experience, and a biological connection with your child, and these feelings may not be fully resolved by the time you adopt. (iaccenter.com)
Male infertility is referred as male's inability to cause pregnancy in fertile female. (siiut.com)
Mastodynon is a German homeopathic remedy proven to improve pregnancy rates in women with luteal phase defect, unexplained infertility and secondary amenorrhea. (bellaonline.com)
Magnesium may help to resolve unexplained infertility and is especially important to supplement adequately to protect your pregnancy, are you getting enough? (bellaonline.com)
The sequelae of STIs include pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), infertility, tubal or ectopic pregnancy, cervical cancer, and perinatal or congenital infections in infants born to infected mothers. (cdc.gov)
Infertility is one component in a spectrum of poor reproductive tract outcomes, such as ectopic pregnancy and chronic pelvic pain. (cdc.gov)
12 infertility and ectopic pregnancy. (who.int)

Infertility, early menstrual periods with scanty pale blood flow, dizziness and tinnitus, sore waist and weak legs, blurred vision and palpitation, feverish sensation in the five centers, low fever in the afternoon, red tongue with scanty coating, thready and rapid pulse. (acupunctureoakville.com)
A World Health Organization (WHO) study that involved 33 medical centers in 25 countries found evidence of high levels of STIs and tubal infertility in the same countries. (cdc.gov)
Consulting infertility centers in Iran can be a helpful way to eliminate further emotional and costly strains of infertility in women who want to get pregnant. (carefultrip.com)

During 2015-2019, among women aged 25-44 years, 14.3% had ever used any infertility services, down from 16.8% during 2006-2010. (cdc.gov)

In general, infertility is defined as not being able to get pregnant (conceive) after one year (or longer) of unprotected sex. (cdc.gov)
In the United States, among married women aged 15 to 49 years with no prior births, about 1 in 5 (19%) are unable to get pregnant after one year of trying (infertility). (cdc.gov)
Infertility means not being able to become pregnant after a year of trying. (medlineplus.gov)
If a woman can get pregnant but keeps having miscarriages or stillbirths , that's also called infertility. (medlineplus.gov)
In humans, infertility is the inability to become pregnant after one year of intercourse without contraception involving a male and female partner. (al-islam.org)
The names of the blogs reflect the hopeful, harrowing, and at times absurd experience of living with infertility: "A Little Pregnant," "And I wasted all that birth control," or "Wishing On a Star," for example. (thenewatlantis.com)
A study showed that approximately 34% of young women (average age of 23 years) who struggle to fall pregnant due to infertility issues are also obese. (news24.com)
infertility is defined as an inability to become pregnant after trying for a year. (eenews.net)
Infertility means you cannot get pregnant (conceive). (medlineplus.gov)
Infertility treatments can increase your chances of getting pregnant. (healthlinkbc.ca)
Infertility is defined as trying to get pregnant with frequent, unprotected sex for at least a year with no success. (laserlighthealth.com)
While it can be difficult to determine who is at risk for female infertility, there are some factors that can increase a woman's chances of having difficulty getting pregnant. (laserlighthealth.com)
Secondary infertility is the inability to become pregnant or to carry a baby to term after previously giving birth to a baby. (com.ng)
Infertility is a term doctor use if a woman hasn't been able to get pregnant after at least one year of trying. (recsmedix.com)
Help For Infertility" Get pregnant with ease. (lwhhealingcentre.com)
Approximately one fifth of women aged 35-39 years and 40-44 years had ever used infertility services, either to become pregnant or to prevent a miscarriage, compared with 2.3% among females aged 15-24 years. (cdc.gov)

Male infertility is because of little sperm production, the function of the sperm will be abnormal or blockages that stop the delivery of sperms. (siiut.com)
Male infertility due to low or abnormal sperm production is becoming increasingly more prevalent. (hackyourgut.com)

Male infertility/andrology. (epnet.com)
The course will model the structure of the ABU exam by covering Core/General Urology on the first day followed by Module 3: Impotence, Infertility and Andrology on the second day. (auanet.org)

Winner of a 2021 Vine Award for Canadian Jewish Literature, Catalogue Baby: A Memoir of Infertility tells the story of Myriam Steinberg's quest to become a mother. (raintaxi.com)

What kinds of problems lead to infertility? (healthlinkbc.ca)
Some surgeries may lead to infertility. (epnet.com)
Certain medicines, such as alpha and beta blockers, anabolic steroids, and diuretics can lead to infertility. (epnet.com)
Their petition raises questions about whether infertility might be possible, using phrases like "If the vaccine works" a certain way, it "could" lead to infertility. (kvue.com)

Both men and women can contribute to infertility. (cdc.gov)
Upper genital tract infections caused by STIs or poor gynecologic and obstetric care likely contribute to infertility. (cdc.gov)
There are many factors that can contribute to infertility in women. (laserlighthealth.com)

What are the possible causes of male infertility? (whattoexpect.com)

The diagnosis of infertility starts initially by a medical history and physical examination by the doctor. (siiut.com)
The wold Health Organization (WHO) and The Centre of Disease Control and prevention (CDC) have special attentions on rapid diagnosis and treatment of the disease for preventing further infertility and even fatal results. (jri.ir)
Infertility is a unique medical diagnosis for doctors because it involves a couple rather than just an individual. (lexmed.com)
Diagnosis and appropriate correction of intrauterine anomalies are considered et d'Application en Chirurgie essential in order to increase chances of conception. (who.int)

Infertility problems and miscarriage rates increase significantly after 35 years of age. (medlineplus.gov)

About a quarter of all cases of female infertility are due to tubal factor infertility. (sharedjourney.com)
Thirty percent of the time, infertility has its source in females (female factor infertility). (carefultrip.com)
About 1/3 of infertility is female factor infertility. (lexmed.com)
About 1/3 of infertility is male factor infertility. (lexmed.com)

Male Infertility Treatment in Jind, Male Infertility Clinics in Jind, Infertility Specialist Doctor for Male in Jind, Male Infertility Treatment Center in Jind. (in.net)

Clinical varicocele patients have a very negative perception about their condition specially whose primary infertility and in comparing to general population have more depression grades. (scirp.org)
Secondary infertility shares many of the same causes of primary infertility. (com.ng)

This statistic shows the percentage of U.S. adults with difficulty conceiving who used select infertility treatments as of 2020. (statista.com)

In humans 40-50% of infertility is noted. (siiut.com)

Infertility treatment usually starts with making sure you are having sex during your 6-day fertile window, which is your day of ovulation and the 5 days before it. (healthlinkbc.ca)
Pregnancies with multiple gestations are associated with serious infant and maternal health risks as well as psychological distress and significant financial consequences, and are a far too common consequence of infertility treatments such as assisted reproductive technology (ART) and ovulation induction drugs. (nursingcenter.com)
Problems with ovulation or problems with fallopian tubes cause most cases of infertility in women . (uvahealth.com)
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): the most common cause of female infertility is a hormone imbalance that interferes with ovulation. (carefultrip.com)

To evaluate whether the amount or quality of carbohydrate in diet is associated with ovulatory infertility. (nih.gov)
During follow-up, 438 women reported ovulatory infertility. (nih.gov)
Total carbohydrate intake and dietary glycemic load were positively related to ovulatory infertility in analyses adjusted for age, body mass index, smoking, parity, physical activity, recency of contraception, total energy intake, protein intake and other dietary variables. (nih.gov)
The multivariable-adjusted risk ratio (RR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) of ovulatory infertility comparing the highest-to-lowest quintile of total carbohydrate intake was 1.91 (1.27-3.02). (nih.gov)
Dietary glycemic index was positively related to ovulatory infertility only among nulliparous women. (nih.gov)
Intakes of fiber from different sources were unrelated to ovulatory infertility risk. (nih.gov)

Infertility and impaired fecundity are less common among women with one or more prior births. (cdc.gov)
Partly due to the fact that more women are delaying childbearing, fibroids are being seen more frequently in infertility patients. (medscape.com)
Get infertility advice, support and a listening ear from women who understand. (bellaonline.com)
Janesville General Infertility Support Group is an informal opportunity for women and men experiencing infertility to connect with one another, to discuss their situations and to receive support from others who have had similar experiences or who are struggling with similar issues. (resolve.org)
In this podcast, hear research insights about the potential relationships between certain environmental chemicals and infertility in both men and women. (nih.gov)
As a result, the area known as the Kashmir Valley, tucked in between towering mountain ranges in the northern Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir, is witnessing an alarming increase in childlessness and infertility among local women. (ipsnews.net)
Infertility is becoming increasingly common among young Kashmiri women, who are suffering from stress and trauma due to the long-standing conflict in the region. (ipsnews.net)
These changes lead to various physical ailments including thyroid malfunction, which in turn can cause infertility among women of childbearing age," Margoob explains to IPS. (ipsnews.net)
Women who have IVF/ICSI infertility treatments have a 29% chance of conceiving naturally within six years of the cessation of treatments. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Research into conception rates after these treatments - whether successful or unsuccessful - has been limited, but the authors hope that their findings will be useful for counselling and reassuring women about their chances of natural conception after infertility treatment. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Some treatments for cancer can cause infertility in both men and women. (healthwise.net)
VERIFY: Will the COVID-19 vaccine cause infertility in women? (kvue.com)
Infertility is not always a woman's problem, both women and men may have the problems that cause infertility sometimes. (acupunctureoakville.com)
This is especially true for women when it comes to female infertility. (laserlighthealth.com)
Infertility is a somewhat common issue, with about 10 percent of women dealing with it. (carefultrip.com)
These cause most cases of infertility in women. (carefultrip.com)
Many women face the challenge of infertility. (chapelhillobgyn.com)
The infertility kit is a month treatment formulated to treat Barrenness, Hormonal Imbalance, Endometriosis, Inability to reproduce in women and so on. (recsmedix.com)
Most cases of infertility in women result from problems with producing eggs. (recsmedix.com)
Ovulatory disorders are one of the most common reasons why women are unable to conceive and account for 30% of women's infertility. (recsmedix.com)
During 2006-2010, among females aged 15-44 years, the percentage of those who ever used infertility services increased through age 34 years, leveling off for women aged 35-44 years. (cdc.gov)
In this study there was a relationship between infertility and physical, sexual and psychological violence and infertile women were more likely to encounter domestic violence. (who.int)
The present study domestic violence among ever partnered women was re- was conducted with the aim of assessing the relationship ported to be from 15.4% in Japan to 70.9% in Ethiopia by a between domestic violence (psychological, physical and World Health Organization (WHO) multi-country study sexual) and infertility among women who suffered from report ( 8 ). (who.int)

Overview of infertility. (epnet.com)
Available at: https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/infertility/overview-of-infertility. (epnet.com)

He serves on committees for the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM.org), the Society for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (SREI.org), the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART.org) as well as the editorial advisory board of Ob.Gyn.News. (prlog.org)

Their findings, published Dec. 11 in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Science , may reveal the cause of some undiagnosed infertility problems and point the way to new methods of birth control. (news-medical.net)

Female Doctors Have Higher Infertility Rates: What Can Be Done? (medworm.com)
Therefore, the objective of the present study was to know how the conjugality is affected by the female infertility from the national and international scientific production. (bvsalud.org)
The guiding question that led to the present revision was answered, so that it was found that infertility transforms the conjugal relationship, most often negatively, which has no direct influence of the female factor as cause. (bvsalud.org)
Can Chasteberry Help Female Infertility? (bellaonline.com)
Female infertility can be caused by a number of different things, including problems with the female reproductive system, health issues, age, and genetics. (laserlighthealth.com)
What is female infertility? (laserlighthealth.com)
Female infertility causes can be difficult to diagnose. (laserlighthealth.com)
There are many potential causes of female infertility. (laserlighthealth.com)
It's the most common cause of female infertility. (laserlighthealth.com)
Who is at risk for female infertility? (laserlighthealth.com)
If you are concerned that you may be at risk for female infertility, it is important to speak with your doctor about your options. (laserlighthealth.com)
There are many potential risk factors for female infertility. (laserlighthealth.com)
Overall, female infertility can be caused by a variety of problems that arise from the female reproductive system. (laserlighthealth.com)
Age is a significant factor when it comes to female infertility. (laserlighthealth.com)
Female infertility can result from physical problems, hormone problems, and lifestyle or environmental factors. (recsmedix.com)

In general, where the standard tests for infertility show no other reason for the inability to conceive, and there is limited tubal damage, doctors will rule tubal factor as the reason for infertility. (sharedjourney.com)

Often it's anatomical, as in the case of varicocele - an enlarged vein in the testicle that causes a man to make less sperm, a condition affecting 40 percent of men with infertility problems. (whattoexpect.com)
The general objective of this study was to analyze the perception and attitude of Clinical varicocele patients treated for infertility at the Shafa Hospital of Kerman, Iran. (scirp.org)
Ketabchi, A. and Ketabchi, M. (2011) Psychological effects of infertility in clinical varicocele patients. (scirp.org)

The long-term goal is to determine if abnormal epigenetic regulation of XY genes is at the basis of unexplained cases of human infertility. (europa.eu)

Treatment depends on the cause of infertility. (medlineplus.gov)
In many cases, the cause of infertility is unknown. (laserlighthealth.com)
These health problems can lead to premature delivery, which is a leading cause of infertility. (laserlighthealth.com)

Tiny fluid-filled bubbles of cell membrane found in semen could help to explain some cases of infertility, suggests a small lab study. (newscientist.com)

What types of infertility treatment are available? (healthlinkbc.ca)

It can be stressful for you and your partner to find out the reason for infertility. (healthlinkbc.ca)

Despite public worry and discussion, the actual incidence of infertility has remained fairly stable over the years. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
For some time during the 'sexual revolution' of the 1960s and '70s, doctors did see higher incidence of infertility caused by tubal blockages left by untreated venereal diseases such as gonorrhea and chlamydia. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
Diet was assessed two times during follow-up using a validated food-frequency questionnaire and prospectively related to the incidence of infertility due ovulatory disorder. (nih.gov)

Natural treatments for infertility. (bellaonline.com)
The findings may lead to new approaches for male contraception and treatments for infertility that result from problems with sperm mobility. (medlineplus.gov)

Infertility in men can be caused by different factors and is typically evaluated by a semen analysis. (cdc.gov)
Instead, a semen analysis helps determine if and how male factors are contributing to infertility. (cdc.gov)
It may be perfectly healthy but not accompanied by enough other sperm, for although only one sperm is ultimately required for fertilization, men whose semen contains less that 20 million sperm per milliliter frequently have infertility problems. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
Now, Gholipour and her colleagues have provided the first hints that exosomes in the semen of those with unexplained infertility may cause the uterus lining to become less receptive to embryo implantation. (newscientist.com)
Male infertility is common due to semen deficiency, and quality of the semen quality is used as a surrogate evaluation of male fecundity. (siiut.com)
One of the most common causes of infertility in men are semen disorders. (in.net)
Abnormal semen contributes to over 75% cases of male infertility. (in.net)

Male infertility is defined as when a man is unable to conceive with his partner after at least a year of trying. (whattoexpect.com)
Infertility is a situation in which the partner are unable to conceive after trying for a year. (selfgrowth.com)

There are many safe and effective ways to treat infertility. (chapelhillobgyn.com)
In order to treat infertility , it's important to determine the underlying cause. (chapelhillobgyn.com)

What causes infertility in men? (cdc.gov)
There is no data to suggest that the Pfizer BioNTech vaccine candidate causes infertility. (kvue.com)

Obesity is becoming an increasingly common cause for infertility . (news24.com)
A recent talk by registered dietician Ria Catsicas has highlighted how infertility and PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) are believed to be directly associated with obesity . (news24.com)
These authors also point out that a change of lifestyle, diet and exercise remains the simplest (and probably the most effective) solution to infertility associated with obesity. (news24.com)

Available at: https://www.dynamed.com/condition/infertility-in-men-23. (epnet.com)
Available at: https://www.reproductivefacts.org/topics/topics-index/male-infertility. (epnet.com)

Chronic health problems, Illnesses, lifestyle choices, injuries and other factors may play a role to cause male infertility. (siiut.com)
On this blog, you will learn about the amazing strides obstetricians are taking in solving infertility problems. (imperialalarmscreens.com)

Infertility treatment depends on the cause, how long you have been infertile, your age and your partner's age, in addition to many personal preferences while some infertility issues cannot be corrected. (wmcdothan.net)

Abnormal uterine findings were de Recherche et d'Application en identified in 95.8% of patients attending hysteroscopy at GESHRTH. (who.int)

Hey everyone.I am Kate.I faced infertility from 6 years.I can not conceive naturally because of heart disease.Due to this problem I contacted with Lotus clinic but they do not response well.I think they are scam.Very depressed with their behavior. (babycenter.com)

Is infertility a common problem? (cdc.gov)
Infertility is fairly common. (medlineplus.gov)
Is infertility becoming more common? (contemporaryobgyn.net)
Trusted Source National Institutes of Health How Common Is Male Infertility, and What Are Its Causes? (whattoexpect.com)
Soot exposure could affect chances of having a baby, Chinese researchers conclude in a new study that ties higher odds of infertility with increased ambient levels of the common pollutant. (eenews.net)
Because of this success, IVF is the most common treatment for tubal infertility. (sharedjourney.com)

Those who have experienced infertility may find comfort in Steinberg's commitment to breaking the silence about the emotional and physical toll this struggle can bring, yet this book can also serve as a lesson of hope for almost anyone dealing with difficulties in life. (raintaxi.com)

Anatomy36

Organisms6

Diseases63

Chemicals and Drugs24

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment60

Psychiatry and Psychology9

Phenomena and Processes57

Disciplines and Occupations4

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena6

Information Science4

Named Groups1

Health Care23

Geographicals5

Recombinant follicle stimulating hormone: development of the first biotechnology product for the treatment of infertility. Recombinant Human FSH Product Development Group. (1/1211)

The clinical efficacy of low-dose step-up follicle stimulating hormone administration for treatment of unexplained infertility. (2/1211)

Infertility services and managed care. (3/1211)

Parentage testing implications of male fertility after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. (4/1211)

Effects of mutations in DNA repair genes on formation of ribosomal DNA circles and life span in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (5/1211)

The Caenorhabditis elegans mel-11 myosin phosphatase regulatory subunit affects tissue contraction in the somatic gonad and the embryonic epidermis and genetically interacts with the Rac signaling pathway. (6/1211)

How concordant are the estimated rates of natural conception and in-vitro fertilization/embryo transfer success? (7/1211)

Intrauterine insemination treatment in subfertility: an analysis of factors affecting outcome. (8/1211)

Infertility

Infertility, Male

Infertility, Female

Reproductive Techniques, Assisted

Fallopian Tube Diseases

Spermatozoa

Azoospermia

Fertility

Fertilization in Vitro

Pregnancy

Oligospermia

Spermatogenesis

Sperm Count

Sperm Motility

Endometriosis

Hysterosalpingography

Varicocele

Semen

Semen Analysis

Reproductive Techniques

Pregnancy Rate

Clomiphene

Testis

Anovulation

Asthenozoospermia

Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic

Ovulation Induction

Reproductive Medicine

Chromosomes, Human, Y

Fertility Agents, Female

Insemination, Artificial

Pregnancy Outcome

Embryo Transfer

Insemination, Artificial, Homologous

Fallopian Tubes

Ovary

Sex Chromosome Aberrations

Orchitis

Fertilization

Uterine Diseases

Embryo Implantation

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Seminal Plasma Proteins

Sex Chromosome Disorders of Sex Development

Y Chromosome

Fallopian Tube Patency Tests

Abnormal Karyotype

Primary Ovarian Insufficiency

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Andrology

Testicular Diseases

Endometrium

Follicle Stimulating Hormone

Chlamydia Infections

Fertility Agents

Ovarian Diseases

Epididymis

Abortion, Spontaneous

Ovulation

Chlamydia trachomatis

Oocytes

Pregnancy, Multiple

Abortion, Habitual

Uterus

Tuberculosis, Female Genital

Sperm Banks

Hysteroscopy

Birth Rate

Contraception, Immunologic

Tissue Adhesions

Sertoli Cells

Gonadotropins

Social Alienation

Live Birth

Cryopreservation

Reproductive Behavior

Klinefelter Syndrome

Ejaculation

Spermatids

Vasovasostomy