AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth CareGeographicals
AnthraxAnthrax VaccinesBacillus anthracisMandatory TestingMandatory ProgramsMandatory ReportingBioterrorismBacterial ToxinsAntigens, BacterialSkin Diseases, BacterialBiological WarfareSpores, BacterialReceptors, PeptideAntitoxinsVoluntary ProgramsInhalation ExposurePostal ServiceAntibodies, BacterialPremarital ExaminationsAntibiotic ProphylaxisHead Protective DevicesDistrict of ColumbiaDisease OutbreaksFood, FortifiedDisease NotificationBiological Warfare AgentsPublic RelationsVaccinationVaccinesDrug ApprovalSmallpox VaccineLobbyingUnited States Food and Drug AdministrationFearSandfly fever Naples virusQuestionnairesPhlebotomus FeverDisclosurePhlebovirusTruth DisclosureInformation CentersCompensation and RedressNational Health Planning Information Center (U.S.)Poison Control CentersKentuckyTelefacsimileBooksSqualeneInfluenza VaccinesInfluenza, HumanInfluenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeSwineDrug Industry
Anthrax: An acute infection caused by the spore-forming bacteria BACILLUS ANTHRACIS. It commonly affects hoofed animals such as sheep and goats. Infection in humans often involves the skin (cutaneous anthrax), the lungs (inhalation anthrax), or the gastrointestinal tract. Anthrax is not contagious and can be treated with antibiotics.Anthrax Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent ANTHRAX.Bacillus anthracis: A species of bacteria that causes ANTHRAX in humans and animals.Mandatory Testing: Testing or screening required by federal, state, or local law or other agencies for the diagnosis of specified conditions. It is usually limited to specific populations such as categories of health care providers, members of the military, and prisoners or to specific situations such as premarital examinations or donor screening.Mandatory Programs: Programs in which participation is required.Mandatory Reporting: A legal requirement that designated types of information acquired by professionals or institutions in the course of their work be reported to appropriate authorities.Bioterrorism: The use of biological agents in TERRORISM. This includes the malevolent use of BACTERIA; VIRUSES; or other BIOLOGICAL TOXINS against people, ANIMALS; or PLANTS.Bacterial Toxins: Toxic substances formed in or elaborated by bacteria; they are usually proteins with high molecular weight and antigenicity; some are used as antibiotics and some to skin test for the presence of or susceptibility to certain diseases.Antigens, Bacterial: Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity.Skin Diseases, Bacterial: Skin diseases caused by bacteria.Biological Warfare: Warfare involving the use of living organisms or their products as disease etiologic agents against people, animals, or plants.Spores, Bacterial: Heat and stain resistant, metabolically inactive bodies formed within the vegetative cells of bacteria of the genera Bacillus and Clostridium.Receptors, Peptide: Cell surface receptors that bind peptide messengers with high affinity and regulate intracellular signals which influence the behavior of cells.Antitoxins: Antisera from immunized animals that is purified and used as a passive immunizing agent against specific BACTERIAL TOXINS.Voluntary Programs: Programs in which participation is not required.Inhalation Exposure: The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents by inhaling them.Postal Service: The functions and activities carried out by the U.S. Postal Service, foreign postal services, and private postal services such as Federal Express.Antibodies, Bacterial: Immunoglobulins produced in a response to BACTERIAL ANTIGENS.Premarital Examinations: Medical tests taken by couples planning to be married in order to determine presence of genetic and contagious diseases.Antibiotic Prophylaxis: Use of antibiotics before, during, or after a diagnostic, therapeutic, or surgical procedure to prevent infectious complications.Head Protective Devices: Personal devices for protection of heads from impact, penetration from falling and flying objects, and from limited electric shock and burn.District of Columbia: A federal area located between Maryland and Virginia on the Potomac river; it is coextensive with Washington, D.C., which is the capital of the United States.Disease Outbreaks: Sudden increase in the incidence of a disease. The concept includes EPIDEMICS and PANDEMICS.Food, Fortified: Any food that has been supplemented with essential nutrients either in quantities that are greater than those present normally, or which are not present in the food normally. Fortified food includes also food to which various nutrients have been added to compensate for those removed by refinement or processing. (From Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)Disease Notification: Notification or reporting by a physician or other health care provider of the occurrence of specified contagious diseases such as tuberculosis and HIV infections to designated public health agencies. The United States system of reporting notifiable diseases evolved from the Quarantine Act of 1878, which authorized the US Public Health Service to collect morbidity data on cholera, smallpox, and yellow fever; each state in the US has its own list of notifiable diseases and depends largely on reporting by the individual health care provider. (From Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)Biological Warfare Agents: Living organisms or their toxic products that are used to cause disease or death of humans during WARFARE.Public Relations: Relations of an individual, association, organization, hospital, or corporation with the publics which it must take into consideration in carrying out its functions. Publics may include consumers, patients, pressure groups, departments, etc.Vaccination: Administration of vaccines to stimulate the host's immune response. This includes any preparation intended for active immunological prophylaxis.Vaccines: Suspensions of killed or attenuated microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa), antigenic proteins, synthetic constructs, or other bio-molecular derivatives, administered for the prevention, amelioration, or treatment of infectious and other diseases.Drug Approval: Process that is gone through in order for a drug to receive approval by a government regulatory agency. This includes any required pre-clinical or clinical testing, review, submission, and evaluation of the applications and test results, and post-marketing surveillance of the drug.Smallpox Vaccine: A live VACCINIA VIRUS vaccine of calf lymph or chick embryo origin, used for immunization against smallpox. It is now recommended only for laboratory workers exposed to smallpox virus. Certain countries continue to vaccinate those in the military service. Complications that result from smallpox vaccination include vaccinia, secondary bacterial infections, and encephalomyelitis. (Dorland, 28th ed)Lobbying: A process whereby representatives of a particular interest group attempt to influence governmental decision makers to accept the policy desires of the lobbying organization.United States Food and Drug Administration: An agency of the PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE concerned with the overall planning, promoting, and administering of programs pertaining to maintaining standards of quality of foods, drugs, therapeutic devices, etc.Fear: The affective response to an actual current external danger which subsides with the elimination of the threatening condition.Sandfly fever Naples virus: A species in the genus PHLEBOVIRUS causing PHLEBOTOMUS FEVER, an influenza-like illness. Related serotypes include Toscana virus and Tehran virus.Questionnaires: Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.Phlebotomus Fever: Influenza-like febrile viral disease caused by several members of the BUNYAVIRIDAE family and transmitted mostly by the bloodsucking sandfly Phlebotomus papatasii.Disclosure: Revealing of information, by oral or written communication.Phlebovirus: A genus of the family BUNYAVIRIDAE comprising many viruses, most of which are transmitted by Phlebotomus flies and cause PHLEBOTOMUS FEVER. The type species is RIFT VALLEY FEVER VIRUS.Truth Disclosure: Truthful revelation of information, specifically when the information disclosed is likely to be psychologically painful ("bad news") to the recipient (e.g., revelation to a patient or a patient's family of the patient's DIAGNOSIS or PROGNOSIS) or embarrassing to the teller (e.g., revelation of medical errors).Information Centers: Facilities for collecting and organizing information. They may be specialized by subject field, type of source material, persons served, location, or type of services.Compensation and Redress: Payment, or other means of making amends, for a wrong or injury.National Health Planning Information Center (U.S.): A center in the HEALTH RESOURCES ADMINISTRATION Division of Planning Methods and Technology which provides access to current information on health planning and resources development.Poison Control Centers: Facilities which provide information concerning poisons and treatment of poisoning in emergencies.KentuckyTelefacsimile: A telecommunication system combining the transmission of a document scanned at a transmitter, its reconstruction at a receiving station, and its duplication there by a copier.BooksSqualeneInfluenza Vaccines: Vaccines used to prevent infection by viruses in the family ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE. It includes both killed and attenuated vaccines. The composition of the vaccines is changed each year in response to antigenic shifts and changes in prevalence of influenza virus strains. The vaccine is usually bivalent or trivalent, containing one or two INFLUENZAVIRUS A strains and one INFLUENZAVIRUS B strain.Influenza, Human: An acute viral infection in humans involving the respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA; the PHARYNX; and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe, often generalized, myalgia.Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype: A subtype of INFLUENZA A VIRUS with the surface proteins hemagglutinin 1 and neuraminidase 1. The H1N1 subtype was responsible for the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918.Swine: Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).Drug Industry: That segment of commercial enterprise devoted to the design, development, and manufacture of chemical products for use in the diagnosis and treatment of disease, disability, or other dysfunction, or to improve function.
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth CareGeographicals
AnthraxAnthrax VaccinesBacillus anthracisMandatory TestingMandatory ProgramsMandatory ReportingBioterrorismBacterial ToxinsAntigens, BacterialSkin Diseases, BacterialBiological WarfareSpores, BacterialReceptors, PeptideAntitoxinsVoluntary ProgramsInhalation ExposurePostal ServiceAntibodies, BacterialPremarital ExaminationsAntibiotic ProphylaxisHead Protective DevicesDistrict of ColumbiaDisease OutbreaksFood, FortifiedDisease NotificationBiological Warfare AgentsPublic RelationsVaccinationVaccinesDrug ApprovalSmallpox VaccineLobbyingUnited States Food and Drug AdministrationFearSandfly fever Naples virusQuestionnairesPhlebotomus FeverDisclosurePhlebovirusTruth DisclosureInformation CentersCompensation and RedressNational Health Planning Information Center (U.S.)Poison Control CentersKentuckyTelefacsimileBooksSqualeneInfluenza VaccinesInfluenza, HumanInfluenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeSwineDrug Industry
Biological hazardBiological hazard
There are four circles within the symbol, signifying the chain of infection. Agent: The type of microorganism, that causes ... is mandatory. The entrance and exit of a Level Four biolab will contain multiple showers, a vacuum room, an ultraviolet light ... such as anthrax, West Nile virus, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, SARS virus, MERS coronavirus, hantaviruses, tuberculosis, ... infection or hazardous condition. Host: The organism in which the microorganism Infect. The new host must be susceptible. ...
Vaccine controversiesVaccine controversies
When the U.S. military began requiring its troops to receive the anthrax vaccine, multiple US military troops refused to do so ... Mandatory vaccination also raises ethical issues regarding parental rights and informed consent. Vaccination has been opposed ... As a more modest example, infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae, a major cause of bacterial meningitis and other serious ... Vaccine burden: Miller E, Andrews N, Waight P, Taylor B (2003). "Bacterial infections, immune overload, and MMR vaccine". Arch ...
Kissing the shuttleKissing the shuttle
Self-threading shuttles became mandatory in 1952, though kissing shuttles were still being manufactured in the 1970s. Robert ... in stark contrast to the alliance of medical and labour activists that promoted the Anthrax Prevention Act 1919 or the action ... proposed that close physical contact between people was necessary and spitting and kissing were the primary cause of infection ...
DisinfectantDisinfectant
Some evidence suggested that silver sulphadiazine had no effect on infection, and actually slowed healing. Copper-alloy ... Protective goggles and good ventilation are mandatory when applying concentrated bleach.[citation needed] The use of some ... Vaporized hydrogen peroxide is one of the chemicals approved for decontamination of anthrax spores from contaminated buildings ... Committee on Research Standards (May 1950). "Air Sanitation (Progress in the Control of Air-Borne Infections)". American ...
VaccinationVaccination
Omer SB, Salmon DA, Orenstein WA, deHart MP, Halsey N (May 2009). "Vaccine refusal, mandatory immunization, and the risks of ... Such immunizations aim to trigger an immune response more rapidly and with less harm than natural infection.[citation needed] ... extending its use to killed agents protecting against anthrax and rabies. The method Pasteur used entailed treating the agents ... who could contract infections from unvaccinated carriers (see herd immunity).[48] Some parents believe vaccinations cause ...
Maurice HillemanMaurice Hilleman
Hilleman showed that these infections were, in fact, caused by a species of bacterium, Chlamydia trachomatis, that grows only ... He retired as senior vice president of the Merck Research Labs in 1984 at the mandatory retirement age of 65. He then directed ... He used profanity and tirades freely to drive his arguments home, and once, famously, refused to attend a mandatory "charm ... His doctoral thesis was on chlamydia infections, which were then thought to be caused by a virus. ...
List of foodborne illness outbreaks in the United StatesList of foodborne illness outbreaks in the United States
The infection was from green onions served at Chi-Chi's restaurants in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. E. coli O157:H7 from ... Roos, Robert (August 8, 2011). "NEWS SCAN: Strawberry E coli outbreak, beef grinding and Salmonella, mass anthrax prophylaxis, ... required a mandatory HACCP inspection system and microbial testing in meat processing plants. Salmonella in ice cream from ... So far, 26 people in 3 states have been diagnosed with the same E. coli 0157:H7 infection, the USDA says (15 of them say they ...
List of gemstones in the BibleList of gemstones in the Bible
Agate was supposed to void the toxicity of all poisons and counteract the infection of contagious diseases; if held in the hand ... anthrax (Ex., xxviii, 18; xxxix, 11; Ezech., xxviii, 13; omitted in Ezech., xxvii, 16); Vulg., carbunculus (Ex., xxviii, 18; ... it is not mandatory to accept the Greek beryllos as the translation of shhm. Therefore, relying on the testimony of the various ... It probably corresponded to the anthrax of Theophrastus (De lap., 18), the carbunculus of Pliny (Hist. nat., XXXVII, xxv), the ...
HPV vaccineHPV vaccine
Mandatory for all girls entering 7th grade Hungary[99] 2014 F 12 Fully financed by national health authorities. In addition ... Module 19: Human papillomavirus infection" (PDF). WHO the Immunological Basis for Immunization Series. Archived (PDF) from the ... Conservative[165][who?] groups in the U.S. have opposed the concept of making HPV vaccination mandatory for pre-adolescent ... Human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines are vaccines that prevent infection by certain types of human papillomavirus.[1] Available ...
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth CareGeographicals
AnthraxAnthrax VaccinesBacillus anthracisMandatory TestingMandatory ProgramsMandatory ReportingBioterrorismBacterial ToxinsAntigens, BacterialSkin Diseases, BacterialBiological WarfareSpores, BacterialReceptors, PeptideAntitoxinsVoluntary ProgramsInhalation ExposurePostal ServiceAntibodies, BacterialPremarital ExaminationsAntibiotic ProphylaxisHead Protective DevicesDistrict of ColumbiaDisease OutbreaksFood, FortifiedDisease NotificationBiological Warfare AgentsPublic RelationsVaccinationVaccinesDrug ApprovalSmallpox VaccineLobbyingUnited States Food and Drug AdministrationFearSandfly fever Naples virusQuestionnairesPhlebotomus FeverDisclosurePhlebovirusTruth DisclosureInformation CentersCompensation and RedressNational Health Planning Information Center (U.S.)Poison Control CentersKentuckyTelefacsimileBooksSqualeneInfluenza VaccinesInfluenza, HumanInfluenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeSwineDrug Industry
Infection Control Today - 12/2003: Clinical Update | Infection Control TodayInfection Control Today - 12/2003: Clinical Update | Infection Control Today
The militarys mandatory vaccination program against anthrax faired better,but not without dissent. Several military personnel ... Experts believe it is highly likely that individuals areworking to develop drug resistant strains of common infections (e.g., ... Butthis drug has not been tested nearly as extensively as vancomycin and linezolidfor some of the more serious infections. ... This is occurring at the same time that approximately 2 million patientsacquire infections each year in U.S. hospitals, ...
infectioncontroltoday.com
Mandatory anthrax vaccinations raise concerns | McClatchy Washington BureauMandatory anthrax vaccinations raise concerns | McClatchy Washington Bureau
Take anthrax and smallpox vaccinations or lose your jobs. ... expand its use from protecting people against anthrax infection ... The mandatory anthrax vaccine program has been beset with problems almost since deputy FDA commissioner Michael Friedman ... The Pentagon is reviving its mandatory anthrax vaccinations despite allegations that the shots have contributed to as many as ... When he later took the second in a series of six anthrax shots, his health slid downhill. Since then, the 45-year-old messmate ...
mcclatchydc.com
WHO EMRO | Health risk assessment at mass gatherings: a report of the camel festival in Saudi Arabia | Reports | In pressWHO EMRO | Health risk assessment at mass gatherings: a report of the camel festival in Saudi Arabia | Reports | In press
Routine camel vaccination for anthrax is not available, since the disease has not been reported among camels in the country. As ... The MEWA conducted rapid screening tests for MERS-CoV as mandatory requirement for participation of camels in the festival. All ... Due to poor understanding of the mechanism of transmission of MERS-CoV, potential for asymptomatic infection to go unnoticed, ... The partnership with MEWA should also involve risk assessment for camel diseases, such as camelpox and infection by trypanosoma ...
emro.who.int
WHO EMRO | Health risk assessment at mass gatherings: a report of the camel festival in Saudi Arabia | Volume 25, issue 9 |...WHO EMRO | Health risk assessment at mass gatherings: a report of the camel festival in Saudi Arabia | Volume 25, issue 9 |...
Routine camel vaccination for anthrax is not available, since the disease has not been reported among camels in the country. As ... The MEWA conducted rapid screening tests for MERS-CoV as mandatory requirement for participation of camels in the festival. All ... Due to poor understanding of the mechanism of transmission of MERS-CoV, potential for asymptomatic infection to go unnoticed, ... The partnership with MEWA should also involve risk assessment for camel diseases, such as camelpox and infection by trypanosoma ...
emro.who.int
Needle-free Anthrax Vaccine Shows Promise in Animal StudiesNeedle-free Anthrax Vaccine Shows Promise in Animal Studies
Anthrax vaccine administration is now mandatory for military personnel sent to areas with high risk of exposure and recommended ... This is not a cure for anthrax, but may be a better means of protecting at-risk populations from infection, Sullivan explains. ... Considered the next generation anthrax vaccine, the new formulation is based on an anthrax recombinant protective antigen (rPA ... Conventional anthrax vaccines, derived from Bacillus anthracis bacteria, require six doses over the course of an 18 month ...
infectioncontroltoday.com
Durch, Jane [WorldCat Identities]Durch, Jane [WorldCat Identities]
Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA) was licensed in 1970 to provide protection against infection with Bacillus anthracis. AVA was ... calling for mandatory vaccination of all U.S. service members. By late 2001, roughly 2.1 million doses of AVA had been ... The anthrax vaccine : is it safe? does it work? by Lois M Joellenbeck( ). 2 editions published in 2002 in English and held by ... is an effective vaccine to protect humans against anthrax, including inhalational anthrax ...
worldcat.org
NIOSHTIC-2 Publications Search - 00170172 - Inhalation anthrax.NIOSHTIC-2 Publications Search - 00170172 - Inhalation anthrax.
Anthrax, or wool sorters disease, is defined as a zoonotic disease caused by Bacillus-anthracis which occurs in three forms: ... Approximately five percent of the reported cases are inhalation anthrax re ... Biological-material; Bacterial-dusts; Animal-husbandry-workers; Animal-products-workers; Livestock; Respiratory-infections; ... the mandatory vaccination of humans handling contaminated animal products, and effective ventilation. ...
cdc.gov
Mandate for Palestine - Report of the Mandatory to the League of Nations (31 December 1924)Mandate for Palestine - Report of the Mandatory to the League of Nations (31 December 1924)
In the tanning industry steps are taken by the Department of Agriculture for the prevention of infection from anthrax spores by ... 1.Q.--To what International Conventions has the Mandatory adhered on behalf of the Palestine Administration?. A.--Since last ... 4.Q.--Has the Mandatory exercised its right to use the roads, railways and ports of Palestine for the movement of armed forces ... Q.--Has the Mandatory enacted a law of antiquities according to the provisions laid down in Article 21 of the Mandate?. Give ...
unispal.un.org
Anthrax - definition of anthrax by The Free DictionaryAnthrax - definition of anthrax by The Free Dictionary
anthrax synonyms, anthrax pronunciation, anthrax translation, English dictionary definition of anthrax. n. 1. A serious ... cutaneous anthrax, malignant pustule - a form of anthrax infection that begins as papule that becomes a vesicle and breaks with ... Anthrax vaccinations became mandatory March 19 for Air Force Reservists who deploy to a high-threat area for more than 15 days. ... anthrax. n (Med, Vet) → Anthrax m (spec), → Milzbrand m; anthrax attack → Milzbrandanschlag m; anthrax letter → Anthrax-Brief m ...
thefreedictionary.com
Vaccine-preventable Diseases - Health Information - Disease Surveillance Epidemiology Program - MeCDC; DHHS MaineVaccine-preventable Diseases - Health Information - Disease Surveillance Epidemiology Program - MeCDC; DHHS Maine
Anthrax - a serious disease caused by Bacillus anthracis, a bacterium that forms spores. A bacterium is a very small organism ... Maine monitors the incidence of invasive H. influenzae through mandatory reporting by health care providers, clinical ... Haemophilus influenzae Type b (Hib) can become a very serious infection in chidren 5 and under ...
maine.gov
Anthrax Vaccine/Treatment - Medical Clinical Policy Bulletins | AetnaAnthrax Vaccine/Treatment - Medical Clinical Policy Bulletins | Aetna
Previous History of Anthrax Infection. The ACIP guidelines note that anthrax vaccine is contraindicated in persons who have ... has begun mandatory vaccination of all active duty military personnel who might be involved in conflict. ... Most (about 95 %) anthrax infections occur when the bacterium enters a cut or abrasion on the skin, such as when handling ... Intestinal anthrax results in death in 25 % to 60 % of cases.. Anthrax is diagnosed by isolating B. anthracis from the blood, ...
aetna.com
Federal Register :: Biological Products; Bacterial Vaccines and Toxoids; Implementation of Efficacy ReviewFederal Register :: Biological Products; Bacterial Vaccines and Toxoids; Implementation of Efficacy Review
In 1998, the DoD initiated the Anthrax Vaccination Program, calling for mandatory vaccination of service members. Thereafter, ... were susceptible to anthrax infection, while no cases occurred in those who had received the full vaccination series. ... Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed-Proposed Order. *A. The Panel Recommendation that Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed be Placed in Category I ( ... Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed-Proposed Order. A. The Panel Recommendation that Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed be Placed in Category I ( ...
federalregister.gov
House Government Reform CommitteeHouse Government Reform Committee
... mandatory Anthrax Vaccine Immunization Program (AVIP). Because the anthrax vaccine is still being studied as a potential ... The vaccine was approved for protection against cutaneous (under the skin) infection in an occupational setting, not for use as ... As a mandatory, force-wide countermeasure to the real threat of weaponized anthrax on the battlefield, the vaccine effort is ... mass protection against weaponized, aerosolized anthrax.. Recommendations in Brief. 1.The force-wide, mandatory AVIP should be ...
gulfwarvets.com
Summary of Notifiable Diseases, United States, 1999Summary of Notifiable Diseases, United States, 1999
Anthrax Botulism Brucellosis Chancroid Chlamydia trachomatis, genital infection Cholera Coccidioidomycosis Cryptosporidiosis ... Mandatory reporting of infectious diseases by clinicians and mandatory reporting of occupational diseases by clinicians. MMWR ... infection represents acute infection, chronic infection, repeated testing of a person previously reported, or a false-positive ... Anthrax CDC. Surveillance for adverse events associated with anthrax vaccination---U.S. Department of Defense, 1998--2000. MMWR ...
cdc.gov
Biowar: Informed consent injunctions key? - Diseases and Vaccines - NVICBiowar: Informed consent injunction's key? - Diseases and Vaccines - NVIC
Read the NVIC special report to learn more about anthrax vaccine. ... against anthrax-related skin infections and not the lung infections the. military wants to prevent. The legality of using AVA ... mandatory vaccination program, blocking service personnel from having to. take shots of Anthrax Vaccine Absorbed, a ... anthrax was thrown into question after Sullivan ruled FDA had not gone. through all the necessary licensing steps. Under Title ...
nvic.org
Reportable diseases: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaReportable diseases: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Mandatory written reporting: A report of the disease must be made in writing. Examples are gonorrhea and salmonellosis. ... Anthrax. *Arboviral diseases (diseases caused by viruses spread by mosquitoes, sandflies, ticks, etc.) such as West Nile virus ... Zika virus disease and infection (including congenital). The county or state health department will try to find the source of ... Mandatory reporting by telephone: The provider must make a report by phone. Examples are rubeola (measles) and pertussis ( ...
medlineplus.gov
Unique Inflammatory Mediators and Specific IgE Levels Distinguish Local from Systemic Reactions after Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed...Unique Inflammatory Mediators and Specific IgE Levels Distinguish Local from Systemic Reactions after Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed...
Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax infection, forms long-lived spores, which have previously been prepared and ... In 1998 the Department of Defense implemented mandatory AVA vaccination of the U.S. military and certain civilian personnel, ... Bioterrorism-related inhalational anthrax: the first 10 cases reported in the United States. Emerg Infect Dis 7:933-944. doi: ... Anthrax vaccine: short-term safety experience in humans. Vaccine 20:972-978. doi:10.1016/S0264-410X(01)00387-5. ...
cvi.asm.org
We need to rely on people to do the right thing when they have TB and fear for their lives |..."We need to rely on people to do the right thing" when they have TB and fear for their lives |...
I didnt leave the house (except for doctors appointments) for more than a month this winter when I got a staph infection in a ... In the same realm of why in terms of disease control, it would make sense to have mandatory reporting to previous partners of ... list for people with drug resistant TB or anthrax or the black death or whatever. Far fewer people to keep track of, for sure, ... Drug-resistant staph infections have spread to the urban poor, rising almost seven-fold in recent years in some Chicago ...
metafilter.com
Anthrax Vaccine -- posts by Meryl Nass, M.D.: 2007Anthrax Vaccine -- posts by Meryl Nass, M.D.: 2007
US has stockpiled treatments for anthrax infections The availability of treatments for anthrax after an exposure eliminates the ... The Department of Defense made the anthrax vaccine mandatory in 1998 out of concern that enemies would use anthrax as ... anthrax vaccine adsorbed, the currently licensed anthrax vaccine; (3) anthrax therapeutics (monoclonal); (4) anthrax ... Is Anthrax Vaccine Really Being Used to Save Soldiers from Anthrax? Lets explore the reasoning for using anthrax vaccine.. It ...
anthraxvaccine.blogspot.com
AU-IBAR | AnthraxAU-IBAR | Anthrax
... primarily affecting herbivores as a soil-borne infection, but also capable of affecting other mammals, including man, and ... Anthrax is a per-acute, acute or sub-acute disease, ... However, reported, often mandatory vaccination programmes are ... Studies on respiratory infection with anthrax spores. I. The influence of particle size on respiratory infection with anthrax ... Anthrax as a Biological Weapon. * Anthrax in humans and animals, 4th Edition, WHO/FAO/OIE. Anthrax Guidelines, edited by Peter ...
au-ibar.org
NIOSHTIC-2 Search Results - Full ViewNIOSHTIC-2 Search Results - Full View
The etiology, epidemiology, and pathology of inhalation anthrax is described. Anthrax, or wool sorters disease, is defined as ... Biological-material; Bacterial-dusts; Animal-husbandry-workers; Animal-products-workers; Livestock; Respiratory-infections; ... the mandatory vaccination of humans handling contaminated animal products, and effective ventilation. ... Approximately five percent of the reported cases are inhalation anthrax resulting from the inhalation of bacillus spores with ...
www2a.cdc.gov
Anthrax Disease - National Vaccine Information CenterAnthrax Disease - National Vaccine Information Center
Read the NVIC special report to learn more about anthrax vaccine. ... MilVax information about anthrax, anthrax vaccine and mandatory anthrax vaccination policies of U.S. military. ... What Is Anthrax?. Anthrax is a serious bacterial infection caused by Bacillus anthracis and it is not contagious. ... Anthrax can enter the bloodstream from a cut in the skin, inhaling anthrax spores into the lungs, or by swallowing anthrax ...
nvic.org
Shelby County, TN - Official WebsiteShelby County, TN - Official Website
Anthrax in wild livestock has occurred in the United States. 4. How is anthrax transmitted?. Anthrax infection can occur in ... has begun mandatory vaccination of all active duty military personnel who might be involved in conflict. 3. How common is ... Intestinal anthrax results in death in 25 - 60% of cases.. 6. Where is anthrax usually found?. Anthrax can be found globally. ... The vaccine is reported to be 93% effective in protecting against anthrax. 10. What is the anthrax vaccine?. The anthrax ...
shelbycountytn.gov
2002] Anthrax: A Deadly Shot in the Dark---LT. COL. THOMAS S. HEEMSTRA (Ret. U.S.A.F.)2002] Anthrax: A Deadly Shot in the Dark---LT. COL. THOMAS S. HEEMSTRA (Ret. U.S.A.F.)
various states making vaccines mandatory in time of national emergency - the entire question and convoluted history of the ... severe bone and joint pain, deep skin rashes and infections, loss of ... Heemstra s concerns about the anthrax vaccine, developed after extensive research when he found he would have to order it for ... 2 of 2: New book answers civilian questions about anthrax vaccine date, six fatalities. As the civilian populations looks at ...
whale.to
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth CareGeographicals
AnthraxAnthrax VaccinesBacillus anthracisMandatory TestingMandatory ProgramsMandatory ReportingBioterrorismBacterial ToxinsAntigens, BacterialSkin Diseases, BacterialBiological WarfareSpores, BacterialReceptors, PeptideAntitoxinsVoluntary ProgramsInhalation ExposurePostal ServiceAntibodies, BacterialPremarital ExaminationsAntibiotic ProphylaxisHead Protective DevicesDistrict of ColumbiaDisease OutbreaksFood, FortifiedDisease NotificationBiological Warfare AgentsPublic RelationsVaccinationVaccinesDrug ApprovalSmallpox VaccineLobbyingUnited States Food and Drug AdministrationFearSandfly fever Naples virusQuestionnairesPhlebotomus FeverDisclosurePhlebovirusTruth DisclosureInformation CentersCompensation and RedressNational Health Planning Information Center (U.S.)Poison Control CentersKentuckyTelefacsimileBooksSqualeneInfluenza VaccinesInfluenza, HumanInfluenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeSwineDrug Industry
BacillusVaccinationsCutaneousInhalation anthraxImmunizationDepartment of DefeForm of anthraxDefense Department'sCholeraSpores from contaminated animal productsInhalationalGastrointestinalExposureOutbreakNassHuman anthraxImmunizationsContagiousLivestockSalmonellaStrains2001 anthraxAttacksDiseaseSevere2002Viral InfectionsPulmonary anthraxMeaslesCommonlyReactionsSystemicProtective antigenClinicalBacterial infectionCausativeLetters containHumansAntibiotic1997Vaccination policiesAcuteFatalOutbreaksDeadly anthraxCurrent anthraxClostridium difficile infectionPotentiallyBiologicalSoldiers
Bacillus11
Vaccinations10
Cutaneous12
Inhalation anthrax7
Immunization11
Department of Defe4
Form of anthrax4
Defense Department's2
  • WASHINGTON, DC, Mar. 30 (UPI) -- The fate of the Defense Department's anthrax vaccine program appears to hinge on whether Judge Emmet Sullivan will allow the Pentagon to avoid the notification rules that normally accompany an informed-consent requirement and the off-label use of a drug. (nvic.org)
  • The Defense Department's policy requiring the anthrax shots has spurred protests by a small percentage of soldiers, sailors and airmen refusing to be inoculated, which has led to disciplinary measures. (courant.com)
Cholera3
  • Harbin had 26 affiliates across China and its germ bombs (anthrax, cholera, typhus and bubonic plague) killed an estimated 270,000 people. (timelinesdb.com)
  • Project Coast, which has been accused of trying to create deadly bacteria that would only affect blacks, poisoning opponents' clothing and stockpiling cholera, HIV and anthrax, opened an offshore bank account to pay Ford. (timelinesdb.com)
  • In 2002 former FBI informant Peter Fitzpatrick told "60 Minutes" that Ford passed a bag filled with cholera, typhoid, botulism, anthrax and bubonic plague to a South African military doctor during a meeting at the house of the South African trade attache in California. (timelinesdb.com)
Spores from contaminated animal products2
  • Anthracis spores can live in the soil for many years, and humans can become infected with anthrax by handling products from infected animals or by inhaling anthrax spores from contaminated animal products. (shelbycountytn.gov)
  • The most likely routes of exposure are handling infected animal products (usually imported from regions in which anthrax is common), inhaling spores from contaminated animal products or eating undercooked meat from an infected animal. (harpocratesspeaks.com)
Inhalational6
Gastrointestinal5
Exposure9
Outbreak2
Nass1
Human anthrax3
Immunizations4
Contagious2
  • The intention was never to "fight" the virus which is among the most contagious infections in the last century, but to protect the old and vulnerable while allowing the young, low-risk people to circulate, contract the virus, and develop the antibodies they'd need to fight similar pathogens in the future. (darkmoon.me)
  • Before inducting a new bull at the sperm station, a thorough physical examination shall be conducted by an accredited Official / Veterinarian to ensure that the bull does not display clinical symptom(s) of any Infection or mal defects any contagious disease. (dairyfarmguide.com)
Livestock4
  • The 'grievous murrain' upon asses, horses, oxen and sheep constituting the fifth plague of Egypt (Exodus 9, ca. 1250 BC) may be one of the earliest documented outbreaks of anthrax in livestock. (au-ibar.org)
  • Anthrax in wild livestock has occurred in the United States. (shelbycountytn.gov)
  • In countries where anthrax is common and vaccination levels of animal herds are low, humans should avoid contact with livestock and animal products and avoid eating meat that has not been properly slaughtered and cooked. (shelbycountytn.gov)
  • The control of anthrax is based on its prevention in livestock: programmes based only on prevention in humans are costly and likely to be ineffective except for those industrially exposed. (nzdl.org)
Salmonella2
Strains3
2001 anthrax5
Attacks5
Disease22
  • Morethan 70 percent of bacteria that cause hospitalacquired infections are resistantto at least one of the drugs most commonly used to treat those infections,reports the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (infectioncontroltoday.com)
  • Mandatory written reporting: A report of the disease must be made in writing. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Fortunately the guy is feeling OK and is probably a low infection risk , but he felt it necessary to become an intercontinental vector of disease because 'he was afraid that if he didn't get back to the U.S., he wouldn't get the treatment he needed to survive. (metafilter.com)
  • In the same realm of why in terms of disease control, it would make sense to have mandatory reporting to previous partners of HIV+ patients, whereas in terms of privacy rights, it's intrusive and just not possible. (metafilter.com)
  • Anthrax is a per-acute, acute or sub-acute disease, primarily affecting herbivores as a soil-borne infection, but also capable of affecting other mammals, including man, and occasionally birds. (au-ibar.org)
  • Anthrax is a notifiable disease in most countries and annual notifications are forwarded by many countries to the Office International des Epizooties (OIE) in Paris where they are recorded as a multiple species listed disease. (au-ibar.org)
  • Anthrax is a potentially fatal disease that focuses on the skin, lungs and stomach and intestines. (courant.com)
  • Veterinary rules for the Siberian anthrax characterize this disease, establish the necessary preventive measures, measures for suspicion of it, diagnostic measures. (infection.vet)
  • Bacterial growth, however, is not mandatory to cause disease. (encyclopedia.com)
  • However, in a host whose immune system is not functioning properly, the bacteria can cause an infection that leads to a disease. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Interesting Question: Is Anthrax a human blood cells disease?Any relation between anthrax and HIV/AIDS? (blogspot.com)
  • Is Anthrax a human blood cells disease?Any relation between anthrax and HIV/AIDS? (blogspot.com)
  • no.anthrax in not a human blood disease. (blogspot.com)
  • AIDS is a human blood cells disease because it attack the white blood cells, whereas Anthrax manifest itself in human either in 3 types. (blogspot.com)
  • In most countries anthrax is a notifiable disease. (nzdl.org)
  • Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a serious infection caused by the bacteria, Neisseria meningitidis. (wechu.org)
  • For example, data for rotaviral infections have been included in disease statistics since at least 1990, although no laboratory reagent kits have been purchased for testing for markers of these infections in most regions and no data were entered in regional reports. (cdc.gov)
  • The number of states with widespread infections nearly doubled to 24 in the past week, and the season has not yet peaked nationally, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said Thursday. (sott.net)
  • Children under 5 are especially susceptible to disease because their immune systems have not built up the necessary defenses to fight infection. (disabled-world.com)
  • Koch's work on anthrax was strongly based on the idea that a given disease was caused by a single organism. (asmscience.org)
  • Recent experiences with anthrax, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), influenza A(H1N1), and Ebola virus disease have highlighted the importance of focusing on workplaces not only to identify at-risk populations but also to understand mechanisms of disease propagation and to implement successful control and prevention measures ( 2 - 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • People tend to think of terrorism when they think of anthrax, but it is a naturally-occurring disease typically spread by infected animals (bites or scratches). (mommysmemorandum.com)
Severe4
20021
  • The FDA cleared BioPort's manufacturing plant to begin producing the vaccine again in January 2002-months after the letters containing anthrax were sent to Congress and news organizations. (oye.news)
Viral Infections2
Pulmonary anthrax2
Measles4
Commonly3
  • Anthrax most commonly occurs in wild and domestic lower vertebrates (antelopes, camels, cattle, goats, sheep, and other herbivores), but it can also occur in humans when they are exposed to infected animals or tissue from infected animals. (aetna.com)
  • Anthrax most commonly occurs in animals such as cattle, sheep, horses and goats after they graze in areas contaminated with spores of B. anthracis . (nvic.org)
  • Anthrax most commonly occurs in wild and domestic herbivores, but it can also occur in humans when they are exposed to infected animals, tissue from infected animals, or high concentrations of anthrax spores. (geometry.net)
Reactions2
Systemic1
  • Aetna considers intravenous anthrax immune globulin experimental and investigational for the treatment of systemic anthrax soft tissue infection related to drug injection because of insufficient evidence of its safety and effectiveness. (aetna.com)
Protective antigen2
Clinical4
  • But on Dec. 13, lawyers who succeeded in stalling the mandatory program in 2004 filed suit seeking a new injunction, alleging that the FDA manipulated data from a 1950s clinical study and circumvented its rules in licensing a vaccine that was modified multiple times. (mcclatchydc.com)
  • Our intranasal powder vaccine discovery may provide a highly effective, more flexible, mobile and easy to use method of administering the anthrax vaccine in clinical and field settings, says the projects lead investigator Vince Sullivan, PhD, a chemist with BD Technologies Advanced Drug Delivery group in Research Triangle Park, N.C. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
  • Maine monitors the incidence of invasive H. influenzae through mandatory reporting by health care providers, clinical laboratories and other public health partners. (maine.gov)
  • However, it is mandatory for the clinical practitioner who gives it to you, or the chemist's where you purchase it from, to ensure that there is still 12 months left earlier than the drug expires. (soulcrazy.org)
Bacterial infection2
Causative3
  • Because the anthrax vaccine is still being studied as a potential causative or contributing factor in Gulf War veterans illnesses, the Subcommittee measured the program against this standard: Any expanded use of the same vaccine should be undertaken only with the greatest care and only to the extent necessary. (gulfwarvets.com)
  • B acillus anthracis , the causative agent of anthrax infection, forms long-lived spores, which have previously been prepared and released as a biological weapon ( 1 - 4 ). (asm.org)
  • A person can get skin anthrax if they have wound on the skin, if this wound get in contact with the causative agent, they can get anthrax. (blogspot.com)
Letters contain1
Humans4
  • Methods of prevention include the administration of an available and effective animal vaccine on a regular basis in the countries at high risk, the mandatory vaccination of humans handling contaminated animal products, and effective ventilation. (cdc.gov)
  • Also, an anthrax vaccine has been licensed for use in humans. (shelbycountytn.gov)
  • Anthrax occurs in humans when they are exposed to infected animals or tissue from infected animals, or when they are directly exposed to B. anthracis. (blogspot.com)
  • Anthrax is a widespread zoonosis transmitted from domestic animals (cattle, sheep, goats, buffaloes, pigs and other) to humans by direct contact or through animal products. (nzdl.org)
Antibiotic4
19971
Vaccination policies2
Acute2
  • Anthrax is a blood borne as it causes haemorrhaging and tissue cell death.It also destroys the alveolar sacs in your lungs causing acute respiratory distress sydrome. (blogspot.com)
  • However, the source of infection is unknown for approximately one third of persons who have acute hepatitis B. (educate-yourself.org)
Fatal1
Outbreaks2
  • Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) andmethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which are no longerconfined to hospital environments, are causing outbreaks of infection incommunities nationwide. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
  • And while Sweden could still experience sporadic outbreaks that might kill another 2 to 300 people, any recurrence of the infection in the Fall or Winter will not be a dreaded "Second Wave", but a much weaker flu-like event that will not overwhelm the public health system or kill thousands of people. (darkmoon.me)
Deadly anthrax1
Current anthrax1
Clostridium difficile infection1
  • During another research it was said that decreasing the use of broad spectrum antibiotics by 30% would only result in 26% of reduced clostridium difficile infection in the patients but as the hospitals has more than 250,000 cases of clostridium difficile each year it will still ne difficult to manage and therefore resulting in 14000 deaths in United States America only. (uafp.org)
Potentially2
Biological7
  • Based on the testimonial and documentary record, the Subcommittee finds the AVIP a well-intentioned but overwrought response to the threat of anthrax as a biological weapon. (gulfwarvets.com)
  • Against the so-called Asymmetric threats to U.S. conventional military superiority posed by a growing range of chemical and biological weapons, the anthrax vaccine program represents a medical Maginot Line, a fixed fortification protecting against attack from only one direction. (gulfwarvets.com)
  • However, a genetically engineered strain of anthrax that has been chemically treated and designed specifically as a biological weapon may be lethal enough to evade the protection that current antibiotics provide. (nvic.org)
  • When dealing with biological hazards at this level the use of a positive pressure personnel suit, with a segregated air supply, is mandatory. (wikipedia.org)
  • IDF soldiers were given seven doses of an anti-anthrax vaccine developed by the Nes Tziona biological institute. (blogspot.com)
  • They recommended purchasing biological detection devices and antibiotics to protect the soldiers "in the absence of an anthrax vaccine. (hsaj.org)
  • This chapter gives adequate information about bacterial pathogens and their host relationships and provides a general understanding of their biological traits and how they can cause work-related infections, especially laboratory-acquired infections (LAIs), when mishandled. (asmscience.org)
Soldiers2
  • In 2004, lawyers for sick soldiers won a court injunction blocking the mandatory shots until the Food and Drug Administration reviewed the license of Maryland-based vaccine manufacturer Emergent BioSolutions. (mcclatchydc.com)
  • The DOD continues to push the highly reactive smallpox vaccine, as well as the highly reactive anthrax vaccine, on U.S. soldiers without their informed consent while failing to provided any evidence to the American public that weaponized smallpox or anthrax is possessed by any terrorist group with the expertise and means to successfully unleash those weaponized organisms on anyone. (blogspot.com)