Indoles
Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids
Tryptophan
An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.
Carbolines
Catharanthus
Tryptophanase
An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-tryptophan and water to indole, pyruvate, and ammonia. It is a pyridoxal-phosphate protein, requiring K+. It also catalyzes 2,3-elimination and beta-replacement reactions of some indole-substituted tryptophan analogs of L-cysteine, L-serine, and other 3-substituted amino acids. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 4.1.99.1.
Tryptophan Synthase
An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-serine and 1-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate to L-tryptophan and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. It is a pyridoxal phosphate protein that also catalyzes the conversion of serine and indole into tryptophan and water and of indoleglycerol phosphate into indole and glyceraldehyde phosphate. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 4.2.1.20.
Cyclization
Indigo Carmine
Glucosinolates
Harmine
Alkaloid isolated from seeds of Peganum harmala L., Zygophyllaceae. It is identical to banisterine, or telepathine, from Banisteria caapi and is one of the active ingredients of hallucinogenic drinks made in the western Amazon region from related plants. It has no therapeutic use, but (as banisterine) was hailed as a cure for postencephalitic Parkinson disease in the 1920's.
Rauwolfia
Molecular Structure
Rubiaceae
Palladium
Vinca Alkaloids
Stereoisomerism
Indoleacetic Acids
Prenylation
Alkaloids
Catalysis
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
ortho-Aminobenzoates
Dimethylallyltranstransferase
An enzyme that, in the pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis, catalyzes the condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethylallylpyrophosphate to yield pyrophosphate and geranylpyrophosphate. The enzyme then catalyzes the condensation of the latter compound with another molecule of isopentenyl pyrophosphate to yield pyrophosphate and farnesylpyrophosphate. EC 2.5.1.1.
Chloride Peroxidase
Isatin
Alstonia
Escherichia coli
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.
Monoterpenes
Compounds with a core of 10 carbons generally formed via the mevalonate pathway from the combination of 3,3-dimethylallyl pyrophosphate and isopentenyl pyrophosphate. They are cyclized and oxidized in a variety of ways. Due to the low molecular weight many of them exist in the form of essential oils (OILS, VOLATILE).
Phosphines
Heterocyclic Compounds
Lewis Acids
Melatonin
A biogenic amine that is found in animals and plants. In mammals, melatonin is produced by the PINEAL GLAND. Its secretion increases in darkness and decreases during exposure to light. Melatonin is implicated in the regulation of SLEEP, mood, and REPRODUCTION. Melatonin is also an effective antioxidant.
Structure-Activity Relationship
Hydroxyacetylaminofluorene
Lyngbya Toxins
Toxins isolated from any species of the seaweed Lyngbya or similar chemicals from other sources, including mollusks and micro-organisms. These have been found to be potent tumor promoters. They are biosynthesized from TRYPTOPHAN; VALINE; and METHIONINE nonribosomally (PEPTIDE BIOSYNTHESIS, NUCLEIC ACID-INDEPENDENT).
5-Hydroxytryptophan
Models, Molecular
Rhodium
Indican
Tabernaemontana
Indicators and Reagents
Substances used for the detection, identification, analysis, etc. of chemical, biological, or pathologic processes or conditions. Indicators are substances that change in physical appearance, e.g., color, at or approaching the endpoint of a chemical titration, e.g., on the passage between acidity and alkalinity. Reagents are substances used for the detection or determination of another substance by chemical or microscopical means, especially analysis. Types of reagents are precipitants, solvents, oxidizers, reducers, fluxes, and colorimetric reagents. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p301, p499)
Acetic Anhydrides
Mutagens
Iridoid Glucosides
Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
Uncaria
Ibogaine
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Enterobacteriaceae
A family of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that do not form endospores. Its organisms are distributed worldwide with some being saprophytes and others being plant and animal parasites. Many species are of considerable economic importance due to their pathogenic effects on agriculture and livestock.
Oxidative Coupling
Apocynaceae
Binding Sites
Culture Media
Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.
Xylenes
A family of isomeric, colorless aromatic hydrocarbon liquids, that contain the general formula C6H4(CH3)2. They are produced by the destructive distillation of coal or by the catalytic reforming of petroleum naphthenic fractions. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
Nylons
Brassica
Psychotria
Alkynes
Mixed Function Oxygenases
Widely distributed enzymes that carry out oxidation-reduction reactions in which one atom of the oxygen molecule is incorporated into the organic substrate; the other oxygen atom is reduced and combined with hydrogen ions to form water. They are also known as monooxygenases or hydroxylases. These reactions require two substrates as reductants for each of the two oxygen atoms. There are different classes of monooxygenases depending on the type of hydrogen-providing cosubstrate (COENZYMES) required in the mixed-function oxidation.
Hemiterpenes
Iridoids
Substrate Specificity
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Plant Extracts
Isatis
Hydroxylation
Hydrocarbons, Aromatic
Escherichia
Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques
Chemistry, Organic
Armillaria
Inhibitory Concentration 50
Plant Growth Regulators
Oxidation-Reduction
A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).
Protein Conformation
The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).
Serotonin
A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-TRYPTOPHAN. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Multiple receptor families (RECEPTORS, SEROTONIN) explain the broad physiological actions and distribution of this biochemical mediator.
Amines
Quorum Sensing
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
A superfamily of hundreds of closely related HEMEPROTEINS found throughout the phylogenetic spectrum, from animals, plants, fungi, to bacteria. They include numerous complex monooxygenases (MIXED FUNCTION OXYGENASES). In animals, these P-450 enzymes serve two major functions: (1) biosynthesis of steroids, fatty acids, and bile acids; (2) metabolism of endogenous and a wide variety of exogenous substrates, such as toxins and drugs (BIOTRANSFORMATION). They are classified, according to their sequence similarities rather than functions, into CYP gene families (>40% homology) and subfamilies (>59% homology). For example, enzymes from the CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3 gene families are responsible for most drug metabolism.
Klebsiella
A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria whose organisms arrange singly, in pairs, or short chains. This genus is commonly found in the intestinal tract and is an opportunistic pathogen that can give rise to bacteremia, pneumonia, urinary tract and several other types of human infection.
Crystallography, X-Ray
Fermentation
Mutagenicity Tests
Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic
Alkylation
Proteus vulgaris
Enterobacter
Biotransformation
The chemical alteration of an exogenous substance by or in a biological system. The alteration may inactivate the compound or it may result in the production of an active metabolite of an inactive parent compound. The alterations may be divided into METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE I and METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE II.
Molecular Docking Simulation
Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase
Plant Roots
Alocasia
Oxylipins
Gelsemium
Induction of AT-specific DNA-interstrand crosslinks by bizelesin in genomic and simian virus 40 DNA. (1/9500)
Bizelesin is a bifunctional AT-specific DNA alkylating drug. Our study characterized the ability of bizelesin to induce interstrand crosslinks, a potential lethal lesion. In genomic DNA of BSC-1 cells, bizelesin formed from approx. 0.3 to 6.03+/-0.85 interstrand crosslinks per 106 base pairs, at 5-100 nM drug concentration, respectively, comparable to the number of total adducts previously determined in the same system (J.M. Woynarowski, M.M. McHugh, L.S. Gawron, T.A. Beerman, Biochemistry 34 (1995) 13042-13050). Bizelesin did not induce DNA-protein crosslinks or strand breaks. A model defined target, intracellular simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA, was employed to map at the nucleotide level sites of bizelesin adducts, including potential interstrand crosslinks. Preferential adduct formation was observed at AT tracts which are abundant in the SV40 matrix associated region and the origin of replication. Many sites, including each occurrence of 5'-T(A/T)4A-3', co-mapped on both DNA strands suggesting interstrand crosslinks, although monoadducts were also formed. Bizelesin adducts in naked SV40 DNA were found at similar sites. The localization of bizelesin-induced crosslinks in AT-rich tracts of replication-related regions is consistent with the potent anti-replicative properties of bizelesin. Given the apparent lack of other types of lesions in genomic DNA, interstrand crosslinks localized in AT-rich tracts, and to some extent perhaps also monoadducts, are likely to be lethal effects of bizelesin. (+info)Prior exposure to neurotrophins blocks inhibition of axonal regeneration by MAG and myelin via a cAMP-dependent mechanism. (2/9500)
MAG is a potent inhibitor of axonal regeneration. Here, inhibition by MAG, and myelin in general, is blocked if neurons are exposed to neurotrophins before encountering the inhibitor; priming cerebellar neurons with BDNF or GDNF, but not NGF, or priming DRG neurons with any of these neurotrophins blocks inhibition by MAG/myelin. Dibutyryl cAMP also overcomes inhibition by MAG/myelin, and cAMP is elevated by neurotrophins. A PKA inhibitor present during priming abrogates the block of inhibition. Finally, if neurons are exposed to MAG/myelin and neurotrophins simultaneously, but with the Gi protein inhibitor, inhibition is blocked. We suggest that priming neurons with particular neurotrophins elevates cAMP and activates PKA, which blocks subsequent inhibition of regeneration and that priming is required because MAG/myelin activates a Gi protein, which blocks increases in cAMP. This is important for encouraging axons to regrow in vivo. (+info)Single synaptic events evoke NMDA receptor-mediated release of calcium from internal stores in hippocampal dendritic spines. (3/9500)
We have used confocal microscopy to monitor synaptically evoked Ca2+ transients in the dendritic spines of hippocampal pyramidal cells. Individual spines respond to single afferent stimuli (<0.1 Hz) with Ca2+ transients or failures, reflecting the probability of transmitter release at the activated synapse. Both AMPA and NMDA glutamate receptor antagonists block the synaptically evoked Ca2+ transients; the block by AMPA antagonists is relieved by low Mg2+. The Ca2+ transients are mainly due to the release of calcium from internal stores, since they are abolished by antagonists of calcium-induced calcium release (CICR); CICR antagonists, however, do not depress spine Ca2+ transients generated by backpropagating action potentials. These results have implications for synaptic plasticity, since they show that synaptic stimulation can activate NMDA receptors, evoking substantial Ca2+ release from the internal stores in spines without inducing long-term potentiation (LTP) or depression (LTD). (+info)Role of dexamethasone dosage in combination with 5-HT3 antagonists for prophylaxis of acute chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. (4/9500)
Dexamethasone (20 mg) or its equivalent in combination with 5-HT3 antagonists appears to be the gold-standard dose for antiemetic prophylaxis. Additional to concerns about the use of corticosteroids with respect to enhanced tumour growth or impaired killing of the tumour cells, there is evidence that high-dosage dexamethasone impairs the control of delayed nausea and emesis, whereas lower doses appear more beneficial. To come closer to the most adequate dose, we started a prospective, single-blind, randomized trial investigating additional dosage of 8 or 20 mg dexamethasone to tropisetron (Navoban), a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, in cis-platinum-containing chemotherapy. After an interim analysis of 121 courses of chemotherapy in 69 patients, we have been unable to detect major differences between both treatment alternatives. High-dose dexamethasone (20 mg) had no advantage over medium-dose dexamethasone with respect to objective and subjective parameters of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting. In relation to concerns about the use of corticosteroids in non-haematological cancer chemotherapy, we suggest that 8 mg or its equivalent should be used in combination with 5-HT3 antagonists until further research proves otherwise. (+info)Pharmacology of LY315920/S-5920, [[3-(aminooxoacetyl)-2-ethyl-1- (phenylmethyl)-1H-indol-4-yl]oxy] acetate, a potent and selective secretory phospholipase A2 inhibitor: A new class of anti-inflammatory drugs, SPI. (5/9500)
LY315920 is a potent, selective inhibitor of recombinant human, group IIA, nonpancreatic secretory PLA2 (sPLA2). In a chromogenic isolated enzyme assay, LY315920 inhibited sPLA2 activity with an IC50 of 9 +/- 1 nM or 7.3 x 10(-6) mole fraction, which approached the stiochiometric limit of this assay. The true potency of LY315920 was defined using a deoxycholate/phosphatidylcholine assay with a mole fraction of 1.5 x 10(-6). LY315920 was 40-fold less active against human, group IB, pancreatic sPLA2 and was inactive against cytosolic PLA2 and the constitutive and inducible forms of cyclooxygenase. Human sPLA2-induced release of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) from isolated guinea pig lung bronchoalveolar lavage cells was inhibited by LY315920 with an IC50 of 0.79 microM. The release of TXA2 from these cells by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine or arachidonic acid was not inhibited. The i.v. administration of LY315920, 5 min before harvesting the bronchoalveolar lavage cells, resulted in the inhibition of sPLA2-induced production of TXA2 with an ED50 of 16.1 mg/kg. Challenge of guinea pig lung pleural strips with sPLA2 produced contractile responses that were suppressed in a concentration-dependent manner by LY315920 with an apparent KB of 83 +/- 14 nM. Contractile responses induced by arachidonic acid were not altered. Intravenous or oral administration of LY315920 to transgenic mice expressing the human sPLA2 protein inhibited serum sPLA2 activity in a dose-related manner over a 4-h time course. LY315920 is a potent and selective sPLA2 inhibitor and represents a new class of anti-inflammatory agent designated SPI. This agent is currently undergoing clinical evaluation and should help to define the role of sPLA2 in various inflammatory disease states. (+info)Glomerular size-selective dysfunction in NIDDM is not ameliorated by ACE inhibition or by calcium channel blockade. (6/9500)
BACKGROUND: In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and overt nephropathy glomerular barrier size-selectivity progressively deteriorates with time and is effectively improved by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition. Whether similar glomerular functional changes develop in proteinuric patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and whether antihypertensive agents can favorably affect glomerular filtration of macromolecules in these patients, has not been documented yet. METHODS: We investigated renal hemodynamics and fractional clearance of neutral dextrans of graded sizes, in nine proteinuric patients with NIDDM and renal biopsy findings of typical diabetic glomerulopathy. Six healthy volunteers served as controls. We also investigated the effects of an ACE inhibitor and of a calcium channel blocker, both given in doses targeted to achieve a comparable level of systemic blood pressure control, on glomerular hemodynamics and sieving function. Theoretical analysis of glomerular macromolecule transport was adopted to evaluate intrinsic glomerular membrane permeability properties. RESULTS: Fractional clearance of large macromolecules (42 to 66 A in radius) was significantly higher in diabetic patients than in controls, and the distribution of membrane pore radii was calculated to be shifted towards larger pore sizes in diabetics (mean radius increased from 55 to 60 A). Despite effective blood pressure control, neither antihypertensive affected glomerular hemodynamics to any significant extent. Fractional clearance of dextrans, as well as of albumin and IgG, and total urinary proteins were not modified by either treatments. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that patients with NIDDM and overt nephropathy develop abnormalities in size-selective function of the glomerular barrier and, at variance to IDDM, such changes were not ameliorated either by ACE inhibition or calcium channel blockade. (+info)Involvement of p21 in the PKC-induced regulation of the G2/M cell cycle transition. (7/9500)
Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) inhibits cell cycle progression at the G1/S and G2/M transitions. We found that phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced upregulation of p21, not only in MCF-7 cells arrested in the G1 phase as previously shown, but also in cells delayed in the G2 phase. This increase in p21 in cells accumulated in the G1 and G2/M phases of the cell cycle after PMA treatment was inhibited by the PKC inhibitor GF109203X. This indicates that PKC activity is required for PMA-induced p21 upregulation and cell cycle arrest in the G1 and G2/M phases of the cell cycle. To further assess the role of p21 in the PKC-induced G2/M cell cycle arrest independently of its G1 arrest, we used aphidicolin-synchronised MCF-7 cells. Our results show that, in parallel with the inhibition of cdc2 activity, PMA addition enhanced the associations between p21 and either cyclin B or cdc2. Furthermore, we found that after PMA treatment p21 was able to associate with the active Tyr-15 dephosphorylated form of cdc2, but this complex was devoid of kinase activity indicating that p21 may play a role in inhibition of cdc2 induced by PMA. Taken together, these observations provide evidence that p21 is involved in integrating the PKC signaling pathway to the cell cycle machinery at the G2/M cell cycle checkpoint. (+info)Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase C are required for the inhibition of caspase activity by epidermal growth factor. (8/9500)
The mechanism by which growth factors exert an anti-apoptotic function on many cell types is not well understood. This issue is addressed in relation to epidermal growth factor (EGF) which inhibits apoptosis induced by staurosporine or wortmannin in an epithelial tumour cell line (CNE-2). The presence of EGF substantially reduced the in vitro Ac-DEVD-AMC hydrolytic activity and almost completely suppressed the intracellular cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in staurosporine- or wortmannin-treated cells. Staurosporine but not wortmannin caused the intracellular proteolytic processing of pro-caspase-3 and this event was transiently inhibited by EGF. Staurosporine-induced apoptosis was not inhibited by EGF in the presence of wortmannin or LY294002. Similarly, EGF failed to inhibit wortmannin-induced apoptosis in the presence of staurosporine, chelerythrine chloride or Go6850. These results suggest that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase C play a role in the survival function of EGF but the reduction of cellular caspase activity cannot be satisfactorily explained by a lack of pro-caspase-3 activation. (+info)
Indole derivatives interact with DOPC in Langmuir...
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Description: Biochemical investigations on bacterial and fungal dimethylallyltryptophan synthases
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Design of a thermally controlled sequence of triazolinedione-based click and transclick reactions
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HU-210
b) 3-(1-naphthoyl)indole or 3-(1-naphthyl)indole with substitution at the nitrogen atom of the indole ring, whether or not ... g) N- adamantyl-indole-3-carboxamide, with substitution at the nitrogen atom of the indole ring, whether or not further ... f) indole- (2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropyl)methanone, with substitution at the nitrogen atom of the indole ring, whether or not ... e) 3-phenylacetylindole or 3-benzoylindole with substitution at the nitrogen atom of the indole ring, whether or not further ...
L-759,633
Indole-3-carboxylates. *5F-PB-22. *FDU-PB-22. *FUB-PB-22 ...
Ajulemic acid
Indole-3-carboxylates. *5F-PB-22. *FDU-PB-22. *FUB-PB-22 ...
O-806
Indole-3-carboxylates. *5F-PB-22. *FDU-PB-22. *FUB-PB-22 ...
AB-FUBICA
N-[(1S)-1-(Aminocarbonyl)-2-methylpropyl]-1-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1H-indole-3-carboxamide ... September 2015). "Pharmacology of Indole and Indazole Synthetic Cannabinoid Designer Drugs AB-FUBINACA, ADB-FUBINACA, AB-PINACA ... "Four types of cannabimimetic indazole and indole derivatives, ADB-BINACA, AB-FUBICA, ADB-FUBICA, and AB-BICA, identified as ...
GW-405,833
1-(2,3-Dichlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-3-[2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl]-1H-indole ...
BAY 59-3074
Indole-3-carboxylates. *5F-PB-22. *FDU-PB-22. *FUB-PB-22 ...
FUBIMINA
"Two new synthetic cannabinoids, AM-2201 benzimidazole analog (FUBIMINA) and (4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)(1-pentyl-1H-indol-3-yl) ...
Org 27569
5-chloro-3-ethyl-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid [2-(4-piperidin-1-yl-phenyl)ethyl]amide ...
JWH-200
... and molecular modeling of novel 4-alkyloxy indole derivatives related to cannabimimetic aminoalkyl indoles (AAIs)". Bioorganic ... Huffman JW, Padgett LW (2005). "Recent developments in the medicinal chemistry of cannabimimetic indoles, pyrroles and indenes ... March 1991). "Antinociceptive (aminoalkyl)indoles". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 34 (3): 1099-110. doi:10.1021/jm00107a034. ...
Analgesic
Indole acetic acid derivative.. Reversible COX-1/COX-2 inhibitor.. PO and topical.. Bioavailability = 50-60%; protein binding ...
Pesticide detection kit
Ehrlich's reagent (indoles, etc). *Froehde reagent (opioids). *Gallic acid reagent (drug precursor) ...
Pravadoline
1991). "Antinociceptive (aminoalkyl)indoles". J. Med. Chem. 34 (3): 1099-110. doi:10.1021/jm00107a034. PMID 1900533. Everett RM ... AM-630 (6-iodopravadoline) WIN 54,461 (6-bromopravadoline) WIN 55,212-2 RCS-4 (1-pentyl-3-(4-methoxybenzoyl)indole) Haubrich DR ... 1992). "Conformationally restrained analogues of pravadoline: nanomolar potent, enantioselective, (aminoalkyl)indole agonists ...
Lespedamine
... is an indole alkaloid and substituted tryptamine present in the plant Lespedeza bicolor. The alkaloid bears a close ... January 2001). "The chemistry of indoles. CIII. Simple syntheses of serotonin, N-methylserotonin, bufotenine, 5-methoxy-N- ... methyltryptamine, bufobutanoic acid, N-(indol-3-yl)methyl-5-methoxy-N-methyltryptamine, and lespedamine based on 1- ...
DiFMDA
Indole: 6-API. Naphthalenes: Methamnetamine. *Naphthylaminopropane. Tetralin: 6-APT. Cyclized phenyl-. alkylamines. * ...
5-MAPDB
Indole: 6-API. Naphthalenes: Methamnetamine. *Naphthylaminopropane. Tetralin: 6-APT. Cyclized phenyl-. alkylamines. * ...
Klebsiella aerogenes
... indole negative, rod-shaped bacterium.[2] The bacterium is approximately 1-3 microns in length, and is capable of motility via ...
5-Methyl-MDA
Indole: 6-API. Naphthalenes: Methamnetamine. *Naphthylaminopropane. Tetralin: 6-APT. Cyclized phenyl-. alkylamines. * ...
δ-opioid receptor
Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) indole derivatives: *Mitragynine. *Mitragynine pseudoindoxyl. Antagonists[edit]. *Buprenorphine. * ...
Pipendoxifene
Gribble GW (9 October 2010). Heterocyclic Scaffolds II:: Reactions and Applications of Indoles. Springer Science & Business ...
Indoles from commensal bacteria extend healthspan | PNAS
Using C. elegans as a biosensor, we identified indole and several metabolites [e.g., indole-3-carboxaldehyde (ICA), indole ... K12ΔtnaA or K12ΔtnaA plus indole (Indole) vs. K12ΔtnaA plus vehicle (Vehicle). (C) Lifespan curves of N2 on K12ΔtnaA ... Indoles Extend Healthspan in C. elegans and Drosophila via AHR.. To identify genes mediating the effects of indoles on ... Indoles Derived from Commensal E. coli Extend Healthspan of C. elegans.. To investigate effects of indoles secreted by ...
Category:Indole - Wikimedia Commons
Indole (fr); индолы (ru); Indol (sr-el); indole (en); インドール (ja); Indol (hu); Indol (ca); Індол (uk); 吲哚 (zh-tw); Indol (vi); ... Indol (id); Indol (nn); ഇൻഡോൾ (ml); Indol (sh); 인돌 (ko); Ինդոլ (hy); ಇಂಡೋಲ್ (kn); indol (pt); Indol (gl); إندول (ar); 吲哚 (zh- ... Indol (sv); אינדול (he); Indol (tk); 吲哚 (zh-hant); 吲哚 (zh-cn); Indoli (fi); Indolo (eo); Indol (cs); Indol (bs); indolo (it); ... Indol (nl); Индол (ru); C8H7N (it); C8H7N, اندول, الإندول, Indole (ar); 2,3-bentsopyrroli, Bentsopyrroli (fi); Indol, Indole ( ...
Indol - Wikipedia
Navnet indol er avledet fra en kombinasjon av ordene indigo og oleum fordi indol til å begynne med ble isolert gjennom ... Sykloaddisjoner av indol[rediger , rediger kilde]. Bare C-2- og C-3-pi-bindingene i indol er i stand til ... Kjemiske reaksjoner med indol[rediger , rediger kilde]. Nitrogenbasiskhet[rediger , rediger kilde]. Selv om indol N-1 ... Oksidasjon av indol[rediger , rediger kilde]. Fordi indol er så rikt på elektroner, blir det lett oksidert. Enkle oksidanter ...
Indole - Wikipedia
Bartoli indole synthesis Bischler-Möhlau indole synthesis Cadogan-Sundberg indole synthesis Fukuyama indole synthesis Gassman ... Indoles are susceptible to hydrogenation of the imine subunit. Indole-3-butyric acid Indole test Isoindole Isoindoline Martinet ... The Leimgruber-Batcho indole synthesis is an efficient method of synthesizing indole and substituted indoles. Originally ... Although the synthesis of indole itself is problematic using the Fischer indole synthesis, it is often used to generate indoles ...
indoles and sulforaphane Archives - Healthy.net
Disclaimer: The information provided on HealthWorld Online is for educational purposes only and IS NOT intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek professional medical advice from your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition ...
indole-3-acetonitrile (CHEBI:17566)
... is a indoles (CHEBI:24828) indole-3-acetonitrile (CHEBI:17566) is a nitrile (CHEBI:18379) ... indole-3-acetonitrile (CHEBI:17566) has role auxin (CHEBI:22676) indole-3-acetonitrile (CHEBI:17566) has role human xenobiotic ... indole-3-acetonitrile (CHEBI:17566) has role plant hormone (CHEBI:37848) indole-3-acetonitrile (CHEBI:17566) has role plant ... CHEBI:17566 - indole-3-acetonitrile. Main. ChEBI Ontology. Automatic Xrefs. Reactions. Pathways. Models. ...
Indole
Indole alkaloid - Wikipedia
Some 200 dimeric indole alkaloids are known with two indole groups. The number of known non-isoprenoid indole alkaloids is ... Indole alkaloids are a class of alkaloids containing a structural moiety of indole; many indole alkaloids also include isoprene ... Simple derivatives of indole Simple derivatives of β-carboline Pyrroloindole alkaloids Indole-3-carbinol Indole-3-acetic acid ... Pyrolo-indole alkaloids form a relatively small group of tryptamine derivatives. They are produced by methylation of indole ...
Indoles - Halogenated Heterocycles | Sigma-Aldrich
Learn More About Indoles
indoles-and-indole0.html>Indoles and Indole ... Substituted indoles have frequently been referred to as privileged structures since they are capable of binding to multiple ... Notably, indole-3-carbinol, found in cruciferous vegetables, inhibits carcinogenesis at the initiation stage and has been shown ... Due to this activity, it is not surprising that the indole ring system has become an important building block or intermediate ...
indoles-and-indole0.html>Indoles and Indole ... Substituted indoles have frequently been referred to as privileged structures since they are capable of binding to multiple ... Notably, indole-3-carbinol, found in cruciferous vegetables, inhibits carcinogenesis at the initiation stage and has been shown ... Due to this activity, it is not surprising that the indole ring system has become an important building block or intermediate ...
indole; tributylgermanium
... NSC78580 5903-28-6 indole; tributylgermanium
Indole - The Lycaeum
Oxidation of indole by N-bromosuccinimide Cycloadditions of indole. Only the C-2 to C-3 pi-bond of indole is capable of ... Fischer indole synthesis. Main article: Fischer indole synthesis. The Fischer indole synthesis File:One-pot synthesis of ... Leimgruber-Batcho indole synthesis. Main article: Leimgruber-Batcho indole synthesis. The Leimgruber-Batcho indole synthesis ... Compounds that contain an indole ring are called indoles. The amino acid tryptophan is an indole derivative and the precursor ...
Indole - definition of indole by The Free Dictionary
indole synonyms, indole pronunciation, indole translation, English dictionary definition of indole. n. 1. A white crystalline ... indole. Also found in: Medical, Legal, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia.. Related to indole: skatole, Isoquinoline, Indole test, Indole- ... indole. (ˈɪndəʊl) or indol. n. (Elements & Compounds) a white or yellowish crystalline heterocyclic compound extracted from ... In female rats, they discovered that a specific indole, known as indole-3-carbinol, significantly boosted the rate at which an ...
1H-Indole, 6-methyl
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database ...
Indole 3 Carbinol - iHerb
iHerb.com © Copyright 1997-2021 iHerb, LLC. All rights reserved. iHerb® is a registered trademark of iHerb, LLC. Trusted Brands. Healthy Rewards. and the iHerb.com Trusted Brands. Healthy Rewards. Logo are trademarks of iHerb, LLC. *Disclaimer: Statements made, or products sold through this website, have not been evaluated by the United States Food and Drug Administration. They are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. Read More » ...
BAM Media M99: Motility-Indole-Ornithine (MIO) Medium | FDA
IUCr) 1H-Indole-3-carbaldehyde
2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-indole
... indole
Reductive dearomative arylcarboxylation of indoles with CO 2 via visible-light photoredox catalysis | Nature Communications
... realizing dearomative arylcarboxylation of indoles with CO2. This strategy avoids common side reactions in transition-metal ... a visible light photoredox-catalyzed successive single electron transfer leading to dearomative arylcarboxylation of indoles ... Furthermore, 1-(2-bromophenethyl)-1H-indole-2-carboxylate and ethyl 1-(3-(2-bromophenyl)propyl)-1H-indole-2-carboxylate were ... which was much more significant than indole 1 (1.9) or the combination of indole 1 and Cs2CO3 (17.4). These results suggested ...
Erowid 5-IT (5-(2-Aminopropyl)indole) Vault
Indole-3-Carbinol | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Indole-3-carbinol, also called I3C, is a resulting compound that comes from eating vegetables such as Brussels sprouts, cabbage ... Busbee PB, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti PS. Natural indoles, indole-3-carbinol and 3,3-diindolymethane, inhibit T cell activation ... Busbee PB, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti PS. Natural indoles, indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and 3,3-diindolylmethane (DIM), attenuate ... Indole-3-carbinol and Tamoxifen cooperate to arrest the cell cycle of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 1999; 59:1244 ...
Indole and 7-hydroxyindole diminish Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence
Here we investigate the impact of indole and 7HI on Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 virulence and quorum sensing (QS)-regula … ... and many bacterial oxygenases readily convert indole to various oxidized compounds including 7-hydroxyindole (7HI). ... Indole is an extracellular biofilm signal for Escherichia coli, ... Indole and 7HI both altered extensively gene expression in a ... Indole is an extracellular biofilm signal for Escherichia coli, and many bacterial oxygenases readily convert indole to various ...
Indole analytical standard | 120-72-9
Indole analytical standard; CAS Number: 120-72-9; EC Number: 204-420-7; Synonyms: 1H-Benzo[b]pyrrole; find Supelco-442619 MSDS ... Indole may be used as an analytical reference standard for the determination of the analyte in teas, crab meat spoilages, ... Indole is classified under the volatile flavor compounds (VFCs). It is known to play significant role in various biological ...
Patent US5185350 - Substituted pyridinylamino-1h-indoles,1h-indazoles,2h-indazoles, benzo (b ... - Google Patents
This invention relates to substituted pyridinylamino-1H-indoles, 1H-indazoles, 2H-indazoles, benzo[b]thiophenes and 1,2- ... N-(1-Methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N-(4-pyridinyl) carbamic acid methyl ester. A solution of methyl chloroformate (1.3 g) in 5 ml DCM ... Substituted pyridinylamino-1h-indoles,1h-indazoles,2h-indazoles, benzo (b)thiophenes and 1,2-benzisothiazoles. US 5185350 A ... 6. The compound as defined in claim 2 which is N-(1-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N-(4-pyridinyl)-2-(carbamic acid, phenylmethyl ester) ...
Indole 3 Carbinol in Broccoli Shows Major Healing Potential
Antiangiogenic activity of indole-3-carbi... & related info | Mendeley
The effect of indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a major indolic metabolite in cruciferous vegetables, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- ... Antiangiogenic activity of indole-3-carbinol in endothelial cells stimulated with activated macrophages. *Wang M ... The effect of indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a major indolic metabolite in cruciferous vegetables, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- ...
Vi ställer ut på Nordbygg mässan, Stockholm. - Indol AB
Indol ställer ut i två montrar på pågående Nordbygg mässan som är nordens största bygg, VVS och värmepumps mässa. Monter A15:53 ... Indol ställer ut i två montrar på pågående Nordbygg mässan som är nordens största bygg, VVS och värmepumps mässa. Monter A15:53 ... Visar vi vårt sortiment av Indol varmvattenberedare. Vi har en inkopplad för att visa hur de faktiskt fungerar. Monter A27:41 ...
Indoles legal definition of indoles
What is indoles? Meaning of indoles as a legal term. What does indoles mean in law? ... Definition of indoles in the Legal Dictionary - by Free online English dictionary and encyclopedia. ... Todo ello viene sintetizado en la expresion indole secular (Indoles saecularis).. La identidad de los cristianos laicos a la ... He continued the synthetic studies on indole alkaloids, added several new methodologies and new indole derivatives and ...
Indol - Wikipedia
Ime indol je formirano od reči indigo i oleum, jer je indol prvi put izolovan tretmanom indigo boje oleumom. ... Indol je čvrst na sobnoj temperaturi. Indol mogu da proizvedu bakterije kao degradacioni produkt aminokiseline triptofana. On ... Indol i njegovi derivati takođe mogu biti sintetisani različitim metodama.[9][10][11] Glavni industrijski putevi počinju od ... Indol se često sreće u mirisima i lekovima. Jedinjenja koja sadrže indolni prsten se nazivaju indolima.[6] Indolna ...
Indole synthesis
... a selective synthetis of various indole derivatives. 3-Cyano-1H-indoles, 9H-pyrimido[4,5-b]indoles, or 9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indoles ... The resulting indoles can easily be transformed into other scaffolds, including 2,3- and 1,2-fused indoles, and indoles ... Utilizing this domino reaction and C-H functionalization at the indole C-3 position, polycyclic indoles were readily ... A one-pot synthesis of 3-bissulfonimido-indole derivatives directly from indoles, bissulfonimides, and (diacetoxyiodo)-2- ...
DerivativesCompoundsSynthesisAlkaloidsCarbinolBiosynthesisCruciferous vegetablesTryptophanAdolf von BaPyruvic acidAromaticBiologically activeAlkylAddition of indoleArylation of indolesBacteriaCOMPOUNDMoietyEscherichiaCannabimimetic indolesAniline and ethyleneMetabolitePrecursorsFormulaPrecursorSubstances1869Organsko jedinjenjeChemistryElectrophilicIndolinesMetabolismScaffoldGlucosinolatesProteinSelectiveNitrogenSuppressFischerPhenolsFunctionalizationSdiACamalexinSubstituentsElectron-deficientMolecularReaction
Derivatives11
- Certain indole derivatives were important dyestuffs until the end of the 19th century. (wikipedia.org)
- A number of indole derivatives have important cellular functions, including neurotransmitters such as serotonin. (wikipedia.org)
- Indole and its derivatives can also be synthesized by a variety of methods. (wikipedia.org)
- The latter include terpenoid structural elements, synthesized by living organisms from dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP) and/or isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP): Non-isoprenoid: Simple derivatives of indole Simple derivatives of β-carboline Pyrroloindole alkaloids Indole-3-carbinol Indole-3-acetic acid Tryptamines Carbazoles Isoprenoid: hemiterpenoids: ergot alkaloids monoterpenoids. (wikipedia.org)
- One of the simplest and yet widespread indole derivatives are the biogenic amines tryptamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). (wikipedia.org)
- Pyrolo-indole alkaloids form a relatively small group of tryptamine derivatives. (wikipedia.org)
- Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of heterocyclic indole derivatives. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- He continued the synthetic studies on indole alkaloids, added several new methodologies and new indole derivatives and published dozens of research papers in this field of research during 1980-1988. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Furthermore, fluoro -containing indole derivatives have received wide attention from either synthetic or pharmaceutical view for a long time due to their wide potential bioactivities [7-10]. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Given the importance of heterocycle indole derivatives, much effort has been directed toward the development of methods for functionalization of the indole nucleus at N1 and C3 sites. (mdpi.com)
- Natural derivatives of aplysinopsin differ in the bromination pattern of the indole moiety ( Figure 1 ), variation in the structure of the C ring, including its oxidation state ( Figure 3 ) and number and position of N -methylation ( Figure 1 ), the presence and absence of the C-8-C-1′ double bond ( Figure 2 ), and the stereochemistry. (mdpi.com)
Compounds15
- Substituted indoles are structural elements of (and for some compounds, the synthetic precursors for) the tryptophan-derived tryptamine alkaloids, which includes the neurotransmitters serotonin and melatonin, as well as the naturally occurring psychedelic drugs dimethyltryptamine and psilocybin. (wikipedia.org)
- Compounds that contain an indole ring are called indoles. (lycaeum.org)
- Substituted indoles are structural elements of (and for some compounds the synthetic precursors for) the tryptophan-derived tryptamine alkaloids like the neurotransmitter serotonin , and melatonin . (lycaeum.org)
- On day three, we found indole and putrescine, the main compounds that we were trying to detect," Jones says. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Indole is an extracellular biofilm signal for Escherichia coli, and many bacterial oxygenases readily convert indole to various oxidized compounds including 7-hydroxyindole (7HI). (nih.gov)
- Hence, indole-related compounds have potential as a novel antivirulence approach for the recalcitrant pathogen P. aeruginosa. (nih.gov)
- Indole is classified under the volatile flavor compounds (VFCs). (sigmaaldrich.com)
- Odorous compounds including VFA, phenols and indoles were measured by gas chromatography (GC). (thefreedictionary.com)
- This invention relates to novel carboxylic acid indole compounds and compositions for use in the treatment of disease states mediated by the chemokine, Interleukin-8 (IL-8). (google.es)
- A range of substituted indoles are investigated as substrates, and thirteen new compounds have been synthesized. (mdpi.com)
- The indole scaffold is a prominent and privileged structural motif found in numerous natural products and various synthetic compounds. (organic-chemistry.org)
- Here we focus on two of the compounds that can be derived from Trp: IAA and indole glucosinolates. (pnas.org)
- Indole glucosinolates are members of the glucosinolate family (mustard seed oils) of compounds found in Brassica species ( 1 , 10 , 11 ). (pnas.org)
- A huge diversity of indole alkaloids are frequently found in marine invertebrates and they have been considered lead compounds for the discovery of new drugs in medicinal chemistry [ 9 , 12 ]. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
- When the double bond is present, the formula I compounds represent indoles. (patentgenius.com)
Synthesis16
- The Leimgruber-Batcho indole synthesis is an efficient method of synthesizing indole and substituted indoles. (wikipedia.org)
- One of the oldest and most reliable methods for synthesizing substituted indoles is the Fischer indole synthesis, developed in 1883 by Emil Fischer. (wikipedia.org)
- Although the synthesis of indole itself is problematic using the Fischer indole synthesis, it is often used to generate indoles substituted in the 2- and/or 3-positions. (wikipedia.org)
- Indole can still be synthesized, however, using the Fischer indole synthesis by reacting phenylhydrazine with pyruvic acid followed by decarboxylation of the formed indole-2-carboxylic acid. (wikipedia.org)
- Bartoli indole synthesis Bischler-Möhlau indole synthesis Cadogan-Sundberg indole synthesis Fukuyama indole synthesis Gassman indole synthesis Hemetsberger indole synthesis Larock indole synthesis Madelung synthesis Nenitzescu indole synthesis Reissert indole synthesis Baeyer-Emmerling indole synthesis In the Diels-Reese reaction dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate reacts with 1,2-diphenylhydrazine to an adduct, which in xylene gives dimethyl indole-2,3-dicarboxylate and aniline. (wikipedia.org)
- Due to this activity, it is not surprising that the indole ring system has become an important building block or intermediate in the synthesis of many pharmaceutical agents. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- 1 Application of Pd-Catalyzed Annulation to the Synthesis of the Indole Acetic Acid. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Phosphorylated indoles are widely used not only in pharmaceutical chemistry, but also in the field of fine organic synthesis and materials science. (springer.com)
- Indole-7-carboxylic acid is an important raw material and intermediate used in organic synthesis, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and dyestuff fields. (fishersci.ca)
- The most recent advances on catalytic methods to achieve the synthesis of substituted indole are highlighted herein. (organic-chemistry.org)
- have reported on a one-pot, three-component procedure for the synthesis of 2,3-substituted indoles based on Cacchi s protocol (Scheme 1). (organic-chemistry.org)
- Scheme 3 - Synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted indoles using a Pd-catalyzed C-N/C-C coupling strategy. (organic-chemistry.org)
- Synthesis and pharmacology of N-(pyridyalkyl)indoline and indoles" CA 70:19857, 1968. (patentgenius.com)
- Indole-3-carbonitrile is used as a synthesis reagent for preparation of 4-substituted β-lactams, biologically active indoles, inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3), indole fragments as inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) inhibitors and HIV-1 integrase inhibitors. (alfa.com)
- It is also used as a reactant for intramolecular oxidative C-H coupling reactions with applications in medium-ring synthesis techniques and for preparation of tryptophan dioxygenase inhibitors pyridyl-ethenyl-indoles as potential anticancer immunomodulators. (alfa.com)
- Attia, M.I. Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization and Antimicrobial Potential of Certain New Isatin-Indole Molecular Hybrids. (mdpi.com)
Alkaloids15
- In the 1930s, interest in indole intensified when it became known that the indole substituent is present in many important alkaloids (e.g., tryptophan and auxins), and it remains an active area of research today. (wikipedia.org)
- many indole alkaloids also include isoprene groups and are thus called terpene indole or secologanin tryptamine alkaloids. (wikipedia.org)
- The amino acid tryptophan is the biochemical precursor of indole alkaloids. (wikipedia.org)
- The action of some indole alkaloids has been known for ages. (wikipedia.org)
- Some 200 dimeric indole alkaloids are known with two indole groups. (wikipedia.org)
- The number of known non-isoprenoid indole alkaloids is small compared to the number of indole alkaloids. (wikipedia.org)
- The tryptamine skeleton is part of the vast majority of indole alkaloids. (wikipedia.org)
- Some simple indole alkaloids do not contain tryptamine, such as gramine and glycozoline (the latter is a derivative of carbazole). (wikipedia.org)
- Isoprenoid indole alkaloids include residues of tryptophan or tryptamine and isoprenoid building blocks derived from the dimethylallyl pyrophosphate and isopentenyl pyrophosphate. (wikipedia.org)
- Ergot alkaloids are a class of hemiterpenoid indole alkaloids related to lysergic acid, which, in turn, is formed in a multistage reactions involving tryptophan and DMAPP. (wikipedia.org)
- The proposal aims at addressing the collective syntheses of a series of bioactive indole alkaloids (strictamine, aspidophylline A and alsmaphorazine C) from a common intermediate. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Voafinidine and voalenine, a novel indoles of the aspidosperma alkaloids from Tabernaemontana. (thefreedictionary.com)
- This review discusses the isolation, structural elucidation, and biological activities of halogenated indole alkaloids obtained from marine invertebrates. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
- A compilation of the 13 C-NMR spectral data of these selected natural indole alkaloids is also provided. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
- The biological activity of marine indole alkaloids is clearly a product of the unique functionality and elements involved in the biosynthesis of marine natural products. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
Carbinol50
- In female rats, they discovered that a specific indole , known as indole -3-carbinol, significantly boosted the rate at which an enzyme converted a form of estrogen to 2-hydroxyestrone, an inactive version that doesn't trigger mammary tumor growth. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Indole 3-carbinol has cancer-preventive effects, but it has not been shown to treat cancer in humans. (mskcc.org)
- Laboratory and animal studies suggest that indole-3-carbinol may prevent a variety of cancers, including estrogen-dependent cancers, but only one clinical trial has been performed. (mskcc.org)
- Indole-3-carbinol is formed when these vegetables are cut, chewed or cooked. (webmd.com)
- People use indole-3-carbinol for cancer prevention, to treat systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and for many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. (webmd.com)
- There is interest in indole-3-carbinol for cancer prevention, particularly breast, cervical, and colon cancer, because diets with higher amounts of fruits and vegetables are linked to a decreased risk of these cancers. (webmd.com)
- Indole-3-carbinol is present in several vegetables and might help protect against cancer. (webmd.com)
- Early research shows that taking indole-3-carbinol by mouth helps treat cervical dysplasia. (webmd.com)
- Early research shows that taking indole-3-carbinol by mouth might reduce the size of these lesions and improve symptoms in some women with this condition. (webmd.com)
- Early research shows that taking indole-3-carbinol along with standard chemotherapy and surgery allows women with ovarian cancer to live longer , and increases the time that they stay cancer-free. (webmd.com)
- There is some evidence that long-term use of indole-3-carbinol might reduce the wart -like growths in people with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. (webmd.com)
- Early research shows that taking indole-3-carbinol by mouth does not improve symptoms of SLE. (webmd.com)
- More evidence is needed to rate the effectiveness of indole-3-carbinol for these uses. (webmd.com)
- Indole-3-carbinol is POSSIBLY SAFE for most people when taken as a medicine under proper medical supervision. (webmd.com)
- In higher doses, indole-3-carbinol can cause balance problems, tremor, and nausea . (webmd.com)
- There isn't enough reliable information to know if indole-3-carbinol is safe to use when pregnant or breast-feeding. (webmd.com)
- Indole-3-carbinol might slow blood clotting. (webmd.com)
- In theory, taking indole-3-carbinol might increase the risk of bleeding in people with bleeding disorders . (webmd.com)
- In theory, taking indole-3-carbinol might cause bleeding complications during surgery. (webmd.com)
- Stop taking indole-3-carbinol at least 2 weeks before surgery. (webmd.com)
- Indole-3-carbinol might increase how quickly the liver breaks down some medications. (webmd.com)
- I need to find out if Indole 3 Carbinol is bad to take if I am hypothyroid! (webmd.com)
- Indole-3 carbinol may be beneficial in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. (greenmedinfo.com)
- Anti-cancer and cardioprotective effects of indol-3-carbinol in doxorubicin-treated mice. (greenmedinfo.com)
- Antiobesity activities of indole-3-carbinol in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice. (greenmedinfo.com)
- Attenuation of hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress by indole-3-carbinol and its metabolite 3, 3'- diindolylmethane. (greenmedinfo.com)
- Both indole-3-carbinol and myo-inositol inhibit the development of vinyl carbamate induced pulmonary adenocarcinoma in mice. (greenmedinfo.com)
- Enhanced inhibition of lung adenocarcinoma by combinatorial treatment with indole-3-carbinol and silibinin. (greenmedinfo.com)
- Immunoregulatory effects of indole-3-carbinol on monocyte-derived macrophages in systemic lupus erythematosus. (greenmedinfo.com)
- In vivo pharmacodynamics of indole-3-carbinol in the inhibition of prostate cancer in transgenic adenocarcinoma. (greenmedinfo.com)
- Indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a naturally occurring compound found in vegetables of the Brassica genus, such as broccoli and cabbage, is a promising anticancer agent previously shown to induce a G(1) cell-cycle arrest in the cells of human lymph node carcinoma of prostate (LNCaP) through regulation of specific G(1)-acting cell-cycle components. (wellnessresources.com)
- Indole-3-carbinol inhibition of androgen receptor expression and downregulation of androgen responsiveness in human prostate cancer cells. (wellnessresources.com)
- Dietary indoles including indole-3-carbinol (I3C) found in cruciferous vegetables such as cauliflower, cabbage and Brussels sprouts, as well as its derivative, diindolylmethane (DIM) have also been known for their health benefits and for their anti-cancer properties. (labome.org)
- Combinations of indole-3-carbinol and silibinin suppress inflammation-driven mouse lung tumorigenesis by modulating critical cell cycle regulators. (greenmedinfo.com)
- We studied the efficacy of combinations of indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and silibinin (Sil), 20µmol/g diet each, against mouse lung tumors induced by 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and driven by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a potent inflammatory agent and constituent of tobacco smoke. (greenmedinfo.com)
- Indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a naturally occurring component of Brassica vegetables such as cabbage, broccoli, and Brussels sprouts, has been shown to reduce the incidence of spontaneous and carcinogen-induced mammary tumors. (wellnessresources.com)
- Indole-3-carbinol inhibits the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase-6 and induces a G1 cell cycle arrest of human breast cancer cells independent of estrogen receptor signaling. (wellnessresources.com)
- Indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a chemical found in vegetables of the broccoli family, is thought to possess cancer preventive properties. (portsmouthhospital.com)
- What Is the Scientific Evidence for Indole-3-Carbinol? (portsmouthhospital.com)
- Chemopreventive Properties of Indole-3-Carbinol, Diindolylmethane and Other Constitents of Cardamom Against Carcinogenesis. (rainbow.coop)
- I was thinking of increasing the Indoplex to 240mg and possibly trying indole-3-carbinol. (anabolicminds.com)
- Will the indole-3-carbinol be more effective than the Indoplex? (anabolicminds.com)
- Indole-3-Carbinol after 11oxo when starting 6oxo? (anabolicminds.com)
- Indole-3-Carbinol (I3C) as part of PCT? (anabolicminds.com)
- Determine the maximum tolerated dose of indole-3-carbinol in healthy participants. (knowcancer.com)
- Arm I: Participants receive a single dose of oral indole-3-carbinol on day 1. (knowcancer.com)
- Cohorts of 3 participants receive escalating doses of indole-3-carbinol until the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is determined. (knowcancer.com)
- Indole-3-Carbinol Assay data Indole-3-Carbinol 99.0% min. (lookchem.com)
- Computer model of a molecule of indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a powerful antioxidant found in vegetables of the cabbage family (cruciferous family). (sciencephoto.com)
- Indole Plus provides the clinically recommended amount of stabilized Indole-3-Carbinol with a unique delivery system that maximizes the absorption and utilization of I3C. (bayho.com)
Biosynthesis4
- An enzymatic cyclopentyl[b]indole formation involved in scytonemin biosynthesis. (nih.gov)
- The addition of indole at 30 degrees C compared to 37 degrees C most significantly repressed genes involved in uridine monophosphate (UMP) biosynthesis (carAB, pyrLBI, pyrC, pyrD, pyrF and upp) and uracil transport (uraA). (nih.gov)
- In Trp-independent IAA biosynthesis, indole-3-glycerol phosphate or indole is the likely precursor but little is known about the biochemical pathway to IAA. (pnas.org)
- Taken together, our data suggest a model in which CYP79B2 and CYP79B3 metabolize Trp to IAOx that can be used for either IAA or indole glucosinolate biosynthesis. (pnas.org)
Cruciferous vegetables1
- Additionally, these packets also contain phytonutrients such as sulforaphane and indoles (in cruciferous vegetables) and ellagic acid (in strawberries), which promote healthy cell function and development. (thefreedictionary.com)
Tryptophan7
- The amino acid tryptophan is an indole derivative and the precursor of the neurotransmitter serotonin. (wikipedia.org)
- When indole is needed in the cell, it is usually produced from tryptophan by tryptophanase. (wikipedia.org)
- Indole can be produced by bacteria as a degradation product of the amino acid tryptophan . (lycaeum.org)
- Indole is produced via anthranilate and is alkylated to give the amino acid tryptophan. (lycaeum.org)
- Indeed, their studies showed, chemicals that posses a structure known as an indole ring -- including the essential amino acids L-tryptophan and L-proline -- provide "a more specific means of lowering the formation of mutagens" than had the antioxidants. (thefreedictionary.com)
- ScyB, a leucine dehydrogenase homolog, converts L-tryptophan to indole-3 pyruvic acid ( 3 ). (nih.gov)
- Tryptophan (Trp) and its indolic precursors are the sources of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), certain glucosinolates, and phytoalexins ( 3 ). (pnas.org)
Adolf von Ba3
- Så, i 1866 reduserte Adolf von Baeyer oxindol til indol ved hjelp av sinkstøv . (wikipedia.org)
- Then, in 1866, Adolf von Baeyer reduced oxindole to indole using zinc dust. (wikipedia.org)
- Indole itself was first obtained by Adolf von Baeyer in 1866 while decomposing Indigo. (wikipedia.org)
Pyruvic acid1
- i ) the indole-3-acetonitrile (IAN) pathway [Trp → indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx) → IAN → IAA] and ( ii ) the indole pyruvic acid (IPA) pathway (Trp → IPA → indole-3-acetaldehyde → IAA) ( 4 ). (pnas.org)
Aromatic10
- Indole is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound with formula C8H7N. (wikipedia.org)
- Indoles, dihydroisoquinolines, and dihydroquinolines were efficiently prepared by ruthenium-catalyzed heterocyclizations of aromatic homo- and bis-homopropargyl amines or amides in the presence of pyridine. (organic-chemistry.org)
- Indole is an aromatic molecule with diverse signalling roles. (nature.com)
- Indole is an aromatic molecule produced by over 85 species of bacteria with multiple and diverse signalling roles 5 . (nature.com)
- Investigators previously reported that the heterocyclic aromatic amine 2-amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (AαC) -- the most abundant aromatic amine carcinogen formed in tobacco smoke and a rodent GI genotoxicant -- is present in the urine of tobacco smokers in a dose-dependent manner but is absent in the urine of nonsmokers. (fda.gov)
- Subsequently, the development of efficient methods that allow rapid access to functionalized indoles with different substitution patterns (at C-2, C-3, N-atom and aromatic ring, Figure 1) constitutes an emerging area. (organic-chemistry.org)
- "3-Indolyl-1-naphthylmethanes: new cannabimimetic indoles provide evidence for aromatic stacking interactions with the CB(1) cannabinoid receptor" Bioorg Med Chem . (erowid.org)
- Molecular modeling and receptor docking studies of naphthoylindole 16, its 2-methyl congener (19) and indolyl-1-naphthylmethanes 11 and 14, combined with the receptor affinities of these cannabimimetic indoles, strongly suggest that these cannabinoid receptor ligands bind primarily by aromatic stacking interactions in the transmembrane helix 3-4-5-6 region of the CB(1) receptor. (erowid.org)
- There is some evidence that the indoles bind to a somewhat different site on the receptor than traditional cannabinoids, and interact with the receptor primarily by aromatic stacking. (eurekaselect.com)
- The molecule occupies a crystallographic inversion center and consists of two 3-substituted 1 H -indole moieties linked by a (1E,2E)-1,2-dimethylenehydrazine bridge, one of numerous examples in which two aromatic ring systems are joined by this 4-atom bridge. (iucr.org)
Biologically active1
- The indole subunit is a near-ubiquitous component of biologically active natural products, and its study has been a major focus of research for generations. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Alkyl2
- Nitrogen-containing heterocycles, including 1 H -indoles and electron-deficient 1 H -pyrroles, undergo a smoth and mild palladium/norbornene-cocatalyzed regioselective alkylation with primary alkyl bromides at the C-H bond adjacent to the NH group to give 2-alkyl-1 H -indoles and 2-substituted or 2,3-disubstituted 5-alkyl-1 H -pyrroles in good yields. (organic-chemistry.org)
- The catalytic system showed high catalytic activity for the methylation of C-H bonds in aryl alkyl ketones, aryl acetonitriles, and indoles, with wide substrate scope and good functional group tolerance. (organic-chemistry.org)
Addition of indole1
- [1] It condenses with serine via Michael addition of indole to PLP-aminoacrylate . (lycaeum.org)
Arylation of indoles4
- Bulky, electron-rich phosphines as the supporting ligand in combination with Pd 2 (dba) 3 enable N -arylation of indoles with aryl iodides, bromides, chlorides, and triflates. (organic-chemistry.org)
- The last part of the thesis (Project IV) describes a C-2 selective arylation of indoles where diaryliodonium salts were used in combination with hetero-geneous palladium catalysis. (diva-portal.org)
- Direct palladium-catalyzed C-2 and C-3 arylation of indoles: a mechanistic rationale for regioselectivity. (biomedsearch.com)
- We have recently developed palladium-catalyzed methods for direct arylation of indoles (and other azoles) wherein high C-2 selectivity was observed for both free (NH)-indole and (NR)-indole. (biomedsearch.com)
Bacteria6
- Indole is widely distributed in the natural environment and can be produced by a variety of bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
- Lowering levels of toxic by-products: Harmful bacteria can produce toxins, such as indole , skatole, and methane because of their metabolic reaction to certain foods. (thefreedictionary.com)
- But when it accompanies 200 ppm of indole (half of that haxane's bacteria-inhibiting dose), a mere 6. (thefreedictionary.com)
- This study suggests Tyrian purple indole precursors could be obtained from opportunistic ubiquitous bacteria. (thefreedictionary.com)
- brasilense cepa SP7 inducen a que la bacteria utilice varias rutas metabolicas para la sintesis de indoles y, en especial, AIA a partir del TRP. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Indole signalling in bacteria can be divided into two main types: persistent signalling and pulse signalling. (nature.com)
COMPOUND5
- 3. The compound as defined in claim 2 which is 1-methyl-5-(propyl-4-pyridinylamino)-1H-indole. (google.com)
- 6. The compound as defined in claim 2 which is N-(1-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N-(4-pyridinyl)-2-(carbamic acid, phenylmethyl ester)acetamide hydrochloride. (google.com)
- The title compound, C 27 H 22 N 2 O 2 , was synthesized by the reaction of indole-3-carb-aldehyde with 4-methoxyaceto-phenone and ammonium acetate in glycol under microwave irradiation. (ingentaconnect.com)
- I don't know of any way of removing indole from an existing compound that wouldn't also remove other necessary aroma molecules that you'd want to keep. (basenotes.net)
- The title compound, C 34 H 30 N 4 O 2 , lies on an inversion center and consists of two 3-substituted-1 H -indole units linked by a 1,2-dimethyl-enehydrazine bridge. (iucr.org)
Moiety2
- In this report we disclose the discovery that ScyC (NpR1274), an enzyme encoded by the scytonemin cluster, catalyzes cyclization and decarboxylation of ScyA product 2 to form ketone 5 , thereby constructing the indole-fused cyclopentane moiety of the natural product. (nih.gov)
- Oxindole-3-acetic acid (OxIAA), OxIAA conjugated to a hexose moiety via the carboxyl group, and the conjugates indole-3-acetyl aspartic acid (IAAsp) and indole-3-acetyl glutamate (IAGlu) were identified by mass spectrometry as primary products of IAA fed to the plants. (plantphysiol.org)
Escherichia3
- Indole cell signaling occurs primarily at low temperatures in Escherichia coli. (nih.gov)
- We have shown that the quorum-sensing signals acylhomoserine lactones, autoinducer-2 (AI-2) and indole influence the biofilm formation of Escherichia coli. (nih.gov)
- Here we demonstrate that indole plays a critical role in the regulation of the cytoplasmic pH of Escherichia coli . (nature.com)
Cannabimimetic indoles2
- On the basis of a proposed pharmacophore for the cannabimimetic indoles, a series of pyrroles and indenes were developed, some of which are potent cannabinoids. (eurekaselect.com)
- Two groups have described cannabimimetic indenes, which have been employed as rigid models for the receptor interactions of cannabimimetic indoles with the CB1 receptor. (eurekaselect.com)
Aniline and ethylene1
- Reaction of aniline and ethylene glycol to give indole. (lycaeum.org)
Metabolite1
- Neoechinuline: a new indole metabolite from Aspergillus amstelodami. (aspergillus.org.uk)
Precursors1
- Other precursors to indole include formyltoluidine, 2-ethylaniline, and 2-(2-nitrophenyl)ethanol, all of which undergo cyclizations. (wikipedia.org)
Formula2
- In 1869, he proposed a formula for indole (left). (wikipedia.org)
- The correct structural formula of strychnine was determined only in 1947, although the presence of the indole nucleus in the structure of strychnine was established somewhat earlier. (wikipedia.org)
Precursor2
- Indole is a common component of fragrances and the precursor to many pharmaceuticals. (lycaeum.org)
- We have identified two Arabidopsis cytochrome P450s (CYP79B2 and CYP79B3) that can convert Trp to indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx), a precursor to IAA and indole glucosinolates. (pnas.org)
Substances1
- Il s'agit d'une source d'informations unique sur les substances chimiques fabriquées et importées en Europe. (europa.eu)
18691
- [1] I 1869 foreslo han formelen til indol (til venstre) som i dag er akseptert. (wikipedia.org)
Organsko jedinjenje2
- Indol je aromatično heterociklično organsko jedinjenje . (wikipedia.org)
- Indol-5,6-hinon je organsko jedinjenje , koje sadrži 8 atoma ugljenika i ima molekulsku masu od 147,131 Da . (wikipedia.org)
Chemistry1
- Indole chemistry began to develop with the study of the dye indigo. (wikipedia.org)
Electrophilic4
- Indole undergoes electrophilic substitution, mainly at position 3 (see diagram in right margin). (wikipedia.org)
- Indole undergoes electrophilic substitution , mainly at position 3. (lycaeum.org)
- The mechanism of the iodination step is proposed to proceed via a Cu( III )-iodide species that undergoes electrophilic addition at the C3 position of the indole motif. (rsc.org)
- On the basis of these findings, a mechanistic interpretation is presented that features an electrophilic palladation of indole, accompanied by a 1,2-migration of an intermediate palladium species. (biomedsearch.com)
Indolines2
- A transition-metal/quinone complex is an effective catalyst for aerobic dehydrogenation of 3 indolines to the corresponding indoles. (organic-chemistry.org)
- In a regioselective dehydrogenative alkylation of indolines using readily available alcohols as the alkylating reagents, a single air- and moisture-stable manganese catalyst provides access to either C3- or N-alkylated indoles depending on the solvent used. (organic-chemistry.org)
Metabolism1
- The metabolism of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was investigated in 14-d-old Arabidopsis plants grown in liquid culture. (plantphysiol.org)
Scaffold2
- Recently we discovered two allosteric modulators 1 and 2 for the G protein -coupled receptor GPRC6A incorporating the privileged 2-phenyl-indole scaffold, functionalised at the 3-position. (rsc.org)
- Scheme 1 - One-pot, three-component procedure for accessing the 2,3-substituted indole scaffold. (organic-chemistry.org)
Glucosinolates1
- Notably, sprouts of many broccoli cultivars contain negligible quantities of indole glucosinolates, which predominate in the mature vegetable and may give rise to degradation products (e. (thefreedictionary.com)
Protein2
- We show in biofilms that indole addition leads to more extensive differential gene expression at 30 degrees C (186 genes) than at 37 degrees C (59 genes), that indole reduces biofilm formation (without affecting growth) more significantly at 25 and 30 degrees C than at 37 degrees C and that the effect is associated with the quorum-sensing protein SdiA. (nih.gov)
- Immunoblot and quantitative RT-PCR assays revealed that I3C inhibited the expression of AR protein and mRNA levels within 12 h of indole treatment. (wellnessresources.com)
Selective4
- A one-pot selective N -alkylation of unprotected indoles with alcohols and TsCl is also realized. (organic-chemistry.org)
- The developed protocol is highly C-2 selective and tolerates structural variations both in the indole and in the diaryliodonium salt. (diva-portal.org)
- Investigation of these indoles led to the discovery of a CB2 selective ligand, 3- (1-naphthoyl)-N-propylindole. (eurekaselect.com)
- Subsequent work has provided several additional CB2 selective indoles. (eurekaselect.com)
Nitrogen3
- Deltakelsen av et enslig elektronpar av nitrogen i den aromatiske ringen medfører at indol ikke er en base , og det oppfører seg ikke som et usammensatt amin . (wikipedia.org)
- In addition, indole affected the utilization of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, and 7HI abolished swarming motility. (nih.gov)
- Due to the poor nucleophilicity of the nitrogen atom of indoles and the competing alkylation reaction at the C-3 position, the use of more sterically hindered ketones with a lower electrophilicity as N -alkylation reagents has been a great challenge. (organic-chemistry.org)
Suppress2
- We have made an exciting observation that dietary indoles such as DIM can completely suppress the clinical disease in an experimental model of MS known as Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE). (labome.org)
- The I3C-mediated cell cycle arrest and repression of CDK6 production were also observed in estrogen receptor-deficient MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells, which demonstrates that this indole can suppress the growth of mammary tumor cells independent of estrogen receptor signaling. (wellnessresources.com)
Fischer2
- En av de eldste og mest pålitelige metoder for å syntetisere substituerte indoler er Fischer indolsyntese som ble utviklet i 1883 av Emil Fischer . (wikipedia.org)
- Selv om syntesen av indol selv er problematisk med bruk av Fischer indolsyntese, blir den ofte brukt til å generere indolsubstitutter i 2- og/eller 3-posisjonene. (wikipedia.org)
Phenols1
- A consecutive detosylation/alkylation transformation of tosylated indoles and phenols with alkoxides/alcohols as the alkylation reagents features mild reaction conditions, high ipso -selectivity, and good functional group tolerance. (organic-chemistry.org)
Functionalization1
- An efficient and cost-effective copper-mediated aerobic oxidative C-H iodination and nitration of indoles via double C-H functionalization is reported. (rsc.org)
SdiA1
- These uracil-related genes are also repressed at 30 degrees C by SdiA, which confirms SdiA is involved in indole signaling. (nih.gov)
Camalexin1
- Camalexin is a simple indole alkaloid produced by the plant Arabidopsis thaliana, often used as a model for plant biology. (wikipedia.org)
Substituents2
- In order to develop new potential GPRC6A ligands we engaged in the development of synthetic routes to provide 2-phenyl-indoles with a variety of substituents at the indole 3-position. (rsc.org)
- The strategy reported by the authors showed a wide range of applicability in terms of substituents, in particular for the challenging 4-substituted indoles. (organic-chemistry.org)
Electron-deficient1
- H indoles and N -protected indoles with ortho -substituted, electron-rich, electron-deficient, or halogenated diaryliodonium salts were achieved to give the desired products in high to excellent isolated yields within 6 to 15 h at room temperature or 40 °C. (diva-portal.org)
Molecular1
- New isatin-indole molecular hybrids 5a - n have been synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopic tools. (mdpi.com)
Reaction4
- Moreover, the authors expanded the reaction scope to obtain 1,2,3-trisubstituted indoles by switching the order of addition of the two boronic acids. (organic-chemistry.org)
- In examining the presence of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in supernatants of pink-pigmented facultativemethylotrophic (PPFMs) bacterial cultures, three out of the 16 isolates tested showed a positive reaction ina colorimetric assay. (springer.com)
- The reaction order was determined for iodobenzene (zero order), indole (first order), and the catalyst (first order). (biomedsearch.com)
- In case of free (NH)-indole, regioselectivity of the arylation reaction (C-2 versus C-3) was achieved by the choice of magnesium base. (biomedsearch.com)