AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and Drugs
Indoleacetic AcidsSkatoleHydroxyindoleacetic AcidTryptaminesPlant Growth RegulatorsTryptophan HydroxylasePseudomonasTryptophanPlant Roots
Indoleacetic Acids
Acetic acid derivatives of the heterocyclic compound indole. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
Skatole
Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid
Tryptamines
Decarboxylated monoamine derivatives of TRYPTOPHAN.
Plant Growth Regulators
Any of the hormones produced naturally in plants and active in controlling growth and other functions. There are three primary classes: auxins, cytokinins, and gibberellins.
Tryptophan Hydroxylase
An enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation of TRYPTOPHAN to 5-HYDROXYTRYPTOPHAN in the presence of NADPH and molecular oxygen. It is important in the biosynthesis of SEROTONIN.
Pseudomonas
A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria widely distributed in nature. Some species are pathogenic for humans, animals, and plants.
Tryptophan
An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.
Plant Roots
The usually underground portions of a plant that serve as support, store food, and through which water and mineral nutrients enter the plant. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982; Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

The auxin-insensitive bodenlos mutation affects primary root formation and apical-basal patterning in the Arabidopsis embryo. (1/2030)

In Arabidopsis embryogenesis, the primary root meristem originates from descendants of both the apical and the basal daughter cell of the zygote. We have isolated a mutant of a new gene named BODENLOS (BDL) in which the primary root meristem is not formed whereas post-embryonic roots develop and bdl seedlings give rise to fertile adult plants. Some bdl seedlings lacked not only the root but also the hypocotyl, thus resembling monopteros (mp) seedlings. In addition, bdl seedlings were insensitive to the auxin analogue 2,4-D, as determined by comparison with auxin resistant1 (axr1) seedlings. bdl embryos deviated from normal development as early as the two-cell stage at which the apical daughter cell of the zygote had divided horizontally instead of vertically. Subsequently, the uppermost derivative of the basal daughter cell, which is normally destined to become the hypophysis, divided abnormally and failed to generate the quiescent centre of the root meristem and the central root cap. We also analysed double mutants. bdl mp embryos closely resembled the two single mutants, bdl and mp, at early stages, while bdl mp seedlings essentially consisted of hypocotyl but did form primary leaves. bdl axr1 embryos approached the mp phenotype at later stages, and bdl axr1 seedlings resembled mp seedlings. Our results suggest that BDL is involved in auxin-mediated processes of apical-basal patterning in the Arabidopsis embryo.  (+info)

The DNA binding site of the Dof protein NtBBF1 is essential for tissue-specific and auxin-regulated expression of the rolB oncogene in plants. (2/2030)

The Dof proteins are a large family of plant transcription factors that share a single highly conserved zinc finger. The tobacco Dof protein NtBBF1 was identified by its ability to bind to regulatory domain B in the promoter of the rolB oncogene. In this study, we show that the ACT T TA target sequence of NtBBF1 in domain B is necessary for tissue-specific expression of rolB. beta-Glucuronidase (GUS) activity of tobacco plants containing a rolB promoter-GUS fusion with a mutated NtBBF1 target sequence within domain B is almost completely suppressed in apical meristems and is severely abated in the vascular system. The ACT T TA motif is shown here also to be one of the cis-regulatory elements involved in auxin induction of rolB. The pattern of NtBBF1 expression in plants is remarkably similar to that of rolB, except in mesophyll cells of mature leaves, in which only NtBBF1 expression could be detected. Ectopic expression of rolB in mesophyll cells was achieved by particle gun delivery if the NtBBF1 binding sequence was intact. These data provide evidence that in the plant, a Dof protein DNA binding sequence acts as a transcriptional regulatory motif, and they point to NtBBF1 as the protein involved in mediating tissue-specific and auxin-inducible expression of rolB.  (+info)

IAR3 encodes an auxin conjugate hydrolase from Arabidopsis. (3/2030)

Amide-linked conjugates of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) are putative storage or inactivation forms of the growth hormone auxin. Here, we describe the Arabidopsis iar3 mutant that displays reduced sensitivity to IAA-Ala. IAR3 is a member of a family of Arabidopsis genes related to the previously isolated ILR1 gene, which encodes an IAA-amino acid hydrolase selective for IAA-Leu and IAA-Phe. IAR3 and the very similar ILL5 gene are closely linked on chromosome 1 and comprise a subfamily of the six Arabidopsis IAA-conjugate hydrolases. The purified IAR3 enzyme hydrolyzes IAA-Ala in vitro. iar 3 ilr1 double mutants are more resistant than either single mutant to IAA-amino acid conjugates, and plants overexpressing IAR3 or ILR1 are more sensitive than is the wild type to certain IAA-amino acid conjugates, reflecting the overlapping substrate specificities of the corresponding enzymes. The IAR3 gene is expressed most strongly in roots, stems, and flowers, suggesting roles for IAA-conjugate hydrolysis in those tissues.  (+info)

Biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid in Azospirillum brasilense. Insights from quantum chemistry. (4/2030)

Quantum chemical methods AM1 and PM3 and chromatographic methods were used to qualitatively characterize pathways of bacterial production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The standard free energy changes (delta G(o)'sum) for the synthesis of tryptophan (Trp) from chorismic acid via anthranilic acid and indole were calculated, as were those for several possible pathways for the synthesis of IAA from Trp, namely via indole-3-acetamide (IAM), indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPyA), and indole-3-acetonitrile (IAN). The delta G(o)'sum for Trp synthesis from chorismic acid was -402 (-434) kJ.mol-1 (values in parentheses were calculated by PM3). The delta G(o)'sum for IAA synthesis from Trp were -565 (-548) kJ.mol-1 for the IAN pathway, -481 (-506) kJ.mol-1 for the IAM pathway, and -289 (-306) kJ.mol-1 for the IPyA pathway. By HPLC analysis, the possibility was assessed that indole, anthranilic acid, and Trp might be utilized as precursors for IAA synthesis by Azospirillum brasilense strain Sp 245. The results indicate that there is a high motive force for Trp synthesis from chorismic acid and for IAA synthesis from Trp, and make it unlikely that anthranilic acid and indole act as the precursors to IAA in a Trp-independent pathway.  (+info)

Reconstitution of an electrogenic auxin transport activity mediated by Arabidopsis thaliana plasma membrane proteins. (5/2030)

Plasma membrane proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana leaves were reconstituted into proteoliposomes and a K+ diffusion potential was generated. The resulting ionic fluxes, determined in the presence of the plant hormone auxin (indole-3 acetic acid), showed an additional electrogenic and saturable component, with a K(M) of 6 microM. This flux was neither detected in liposomes in the presence of indole-3 acetic acid, nor in proteoliposomes in the presence of an inactive auxin analog and was completely inhibited by 3 microM naphtylphthalamic acid, a specific inhibitor of the auxin efflux carrier. The efficiency of the reconstituted carrier and the mechanism of its regulation by naphtylphthalamic acid are discussed.  (+info)

Novel gating mechanism of polyamine block in the strong inward rectifier K channel Kir2.1. (6/2030)

Inward rectifying K channels are essential for maintaining resting membrane potential and regulating excitability in many cell types. Previous studies have attributed the rectification properties of strong inward rectifiers such as Kir2.1 to voltage-dependent binding of intracellular polyamines or Mg to the pore (direct open channel block), thereby preventing outward passage of K ions. We have studied interactions between polyamines and the polyamine toxins philanthotoxin and argiotoxin on inward rectification in Kir2.1. We present evidence that high affinity polyamine block is not consistent with direct open channel block, but instead involves polyamines binding to another region of the channel (intrinsic gate) to form a blocking complex that occludes the pore. This interaction defines a novel mechanism of ion channel closure.  (+info)

Glutamate receptor expression regulates quantal size and quantal content at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction. (7/2030)

At the Drosophila glutamatergic neuromuscular junction, the postsynaptic cell can regulate synaptic strength by both changing its sensitivity to neurotransmitter and generating a retrograde signal that regulates presynaptic transmitter release. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying these forms of plasticity, we have undertaken a genetic analysis of two postsynaptic glutamate receptors that are expressed at this synapse. Deletion of both genes results in embryonic lethality that can be rescued by transgenic expression of either receptor. Although these receptors are redundant for viability, they have important differences. By transgenically rescuing the double mutant, we have investigated the relationship of receptor gene dosage and composition to synaptic function. We find that the receptor subunit composition regulates quantal size, Argiotoxin sensitivity, and receptor desensitization kinetics. Finally, we show that the activity of the receptor can regulate the retrograde signal functioning at this synapse. Thus, the diversity of receptors expressed at this synapse provides the cell with mechanisms for generating synaptic plasticity.  (+info)

AUX1 regulates root gravitropism in Arabidopsis by facilitating auxin uptake within root apical tissues. (8/2030)

Plants employ a specialized transport system composed of separate influx and efflux carriers to mobilize the plant hormone auxin between its site(s) of synthesis and action. Mutations within the permease-like AUX1 protein significantly reduce the rate of carrier-mediated auxin uptake within Arabidopsis roots, conferring an agravitropic phenotype. We are able to bypass the defect within auxin uptake and restore the gravitropic root phenotype of aux1 by growing mutant seedlings in the presence of the membrane-permeable synthetic auxin, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid. We illustrate that AUX1 expression overlaps that previously described for the auxin efflux carrier, AtPIN2, using transgenic lines expressing an AUX1 promoter::uidA (GUS) gene. Finally, we demonstrate that AUX1 regulates gravitropic curvature by acting in unison with the auxin efflux carrier to co-ordinate the localized redistribution of auxin within the Arabidopsis root apex. Our results provide the first example of a developmental role for the auxin influx carrier within higher plants and supply new insight into the molecular basis of gravitropic signalling.  (+info)

Human Metabolome Database: Showing metabocard for Indoleacetic acid (HMDB0000197)Human Metabolome Database: Showing metabocard for Indoleacetic acid (HMDB0000197)
Indoleacetic acid (IAA) is a breakdown product of tryptophan metabolism and is often produced by the action of bacteria in the mammalian gut. Some endogenous production of IAA in mammalian tissues also occurs. It may be produced by the decarboxylation of tryptamine or the oxidative deamination of tryptophan. IAA frequently occurs at low levels in urine and has been found in elevated levels in the urine of patients with phenylketonuria ((PMID: 13610897 ). Using material extracted from human urine, it was discovered by Kogl in 1933 that Indoleacetic acid is also an important plant hormone (PMID: 13610897 ). Specifically IAA is a member of the group of phytohormones called auxins. IAA is generally considered to be the most important native auxin. Plant cells synthesize IAA from tryptophan. (wikipedia) IAA and some derivatives can be oxidised by horseradish peroxidase (HRP) to cytotoxic species. IAA is only toxic after oxidative decarboxylation; the effect of IAA/HRP is thought to be due in part to ...
http://www.hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB00197
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Plants | Free Full-Text | LEAFY and Polar Auxin Transport Coordinately Regulate Arabidopsis Flower DevelopmentPlants | Free Full-Text | LEAFY and Polar Auxin Transport Coordinately Regulate Arabidopsis Flower Development
The plant specific transcription factor LEAFY (LFY) plays a pivotal role in the developmental switch to floral meristem identity in Arabidopsis. Our recent study revealed that LFY additionally acts downstream of AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR5/MONOPTEROS to promote flower primordium initiation. LFY also promotes initiation of the floral organ and floral organ identity. To further investigate the interplay between LFY and auxin during flower development, we examined the phenotypic consequence of disrupting polar auxin transport in lfy mutants by genetic means. Plants with compromised LFY activity exhibit increased sensitivity to disruption of polar auxin transport. Compromised polar auxin transport activity in the lfy mutant background resulted in formation of fewer floral organs, abnormal gynoecium development, and fused sepals. In agreement with these observations, expression of the auxin response reporter DR5rev::GFP as well as of the direct LFY target CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON2 were altered in lfy mutant flowers.
http://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/3/2/251
Auxin influx inhibitors 1-NOA, 2-NOA, and CHPAA interfere with membrane dynamics in tobacco cells - WRAP: Warwick Research...Auxin influx inhibitors 1-NOA, 2-NOA, and CHPAA interfere with membrane dynamics in tobacco cells - WRAP: Warwick Research...
The phytohormone auxin is transported through the plant body either via vascular pathways or from cell to cell by specialized polar transport machinery. This machinery consists of a balanced system of passive diffusion combined with the activities of auxin influx and efflux carriers. Synthetic auxins that differ in the mechanisms of their transport across the plasma membrane together with polar auxin transport inhibitors have been used in many studies on particular auxin carriers and their role in plant development. However, the exact mechanism of action of auxin efflux and influx inhibitors has not been fully elucidated. In this report, the mechanism of action of the auxin influx inhibitors (1-naphthoxyacetic acid (1-NOA), 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA), and 3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (CHPAA)) is examined by direct measurements of auxin accumulation, cellular phenotypic analysis, as well as by localization studies of Arabidopsis thaliana L. auxin carriers heterologously expressed in ...
http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/110518/
Characterization of OsPID, the Rice Ortholog of PINOID, and its Possible Involvement in the Control of Polar Auxin Transport :...
PINOID, a serine threonine protein kinase in Arabidopsis, controls auxin distribution through a positive control of subcellular localization of PIN auxin efflux carriers. Compared with the rapid progress in understanding mechanisms of auxin action in dicot species, little is known about auxin action in monocot species. Here, we describe the identification and characterization of OsPID, the PINOID ortholog of rice. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the rice genome contains a single PID ortholog, OsPID. Constitutive overexpression of OsPID caused a variety of abnormalities, such as delay of adventitious root development, curled growth of shoots and agravitropism. Abnormalities observed in the plants that overexpress OsPID could be phenocopied by treatment with an inhibitor of active polar transport of auxin, indicating that OsPID could be involved in the control of polar auxin transport in rice. Analysis of OsPID mRNA distribution showed a complex pattern in shoot meristems, indicating that it ...
http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/pcp/pcm024
Mechanical induction of lateral root initiation in Arabidopsis thaliana
Lateral roots are initiated postembryonically in response to environmental cues, enabling plants to explore efficiently their underground environment. However, the mechanisms by which the environment determines the position of lateral root formation are unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that in Arabidopsis thaliana lateral root initiation can be induced mechanically by either gravitropic curvature or by the transient bending of a root by hand. The plant hormone auxin accumulates at the site of lateral root induction before a primordium starts to form. Here we describe a subcellular relocalization of PIN1, an auxin transport protein, in a single protoxylem cell in response to gravitropic curvature. This relocalization precedes auxin-dependent gene transcription at the site of a new primordium. Auxin-dependent nuclear signaling is necessary for lateral root formation; arf7/19 double knock-out mutants normally form no lateral roots but do so upon bending when the root tip is removed. Signaling ...
https://curis.ku.dk/portal/da/publications/mechanical-induction-of-lateral-root-initiation-in-arabidopsis-thaliana
Polar Auxin Transport: New Support for an Old Model | Plant CellPolar Auxin Transport: New Support for an Old Model | Plant Cell
Further evidence for a role of EIR1 in auxin transport comes from Luschnig et al.s experiments with the altered lateral root1 (alf1) mutant, in which elevated endogenous auxin levels lead to decreased root elongation and increased lateral root formation (Celenza et al., 1995). The double mutant eir1 alf1 does not display the root-elongation defect, suggesting that eir1 acts to suppress the effects of high endogenous auxin levels conferred by alf1. Importantly, the eir1 mutation does not confer resistance to auxin that is simply added to the medium, a characteristic that experiments with the aux1 mutant suggest is more likely to be associated with defects in an auxin influx carrier.. Perhaps the most compelling evidence offered by Luschnig et al. (1998) that the eir1 mutation causes defects in an auxin efflux carrier comes from their experiments with EIR1-expressing yeast cells, which are resistant to toxic fluoroindoles. Although other explanations are possible, resistance to these compounds is ...
http://www.plantcell.org/content/10/11/1775?ijkey=f5161646bf522f0dc2b736419eea6f05bb36f096&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
CPIB » The auxin influx carrier LAX3 promotes lateral root emergenceCPIB » The auxin influx carrier LAX3 promotes lateral root emergence
Lateral roots originate deep within the parental root from a small number of founder cells at the periphery of vascular tissues and must emerge through intervening layers of tissues. We describe how the hormone auxin, which originates from the developing lateral root, acts as a local inductive signal which re-programmes adjacent cells. Auxin induces the expression of a previously uncharacterized auxin influx carrier LAX3 in cortical and epidermal cells directly overlaying new primordia. Increased LAX3 activity reinforces the auxin-dependent induction of a selection of cell-wall-remodelling enzymes, which are likely to promote cell separation in advance of developing lateral root primordia.. Nature Cell Biology 10 (8), 946-954 ...
https://www.cpib.ac.uk/publications/papers/the-auxin-influx-carrier-lax3-promotes-lateral-root-emergence/
Crossing paths: cytokinin signalling and crosstalk | DevelopmentCrossing paths: cytokinin signalling and crosstalk | Development
Conversely, cytokinin regulates auxin biosynthesis. By measuring the incorporation of deuterium into IAA by gas chromatography - multiple reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry (GC-MRM-MS), Jones et al. (Jones et al., 2010) observed that treatment with various cytokinins led to increased auxin synthesis in young leaves, the shoot apex and the root system; this effect was amplified in the cytokinin hypersensitive ARR mutant arr3 arr4 arr5 arr6. By contrast, treatment of the cytokinin-insensitive quadruple AHP mutant ahp1 ahp2 ahp3 ahp4 resulted in a decrease in IAA biosynthesis, suggesting that the relationship between cytokinin signalling and auxin synthesis may not be straightforward; roots of this mutant also had a higher baseline rate of IAA biosynthesis than wild type, further hinting at the complexity of this interaction. Cytokinin treatments did not increase IAA biosynthesis in the axr3-1 mutant, which is hypersensitive to auxin because the increased stability of the AXR3/IAA17 protein; ...
https://dev.biologists.org/content/140/7/1373?ijkey=55b90043e13792b78ae52f0bdf0de9592fd6bce6&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Unraveling the Evolution of Auxin Signaling | Plant PhysiologyUnraveling the Evolution of Auxin Signaling | Plant Physiology
Chlorophyta appear to encode at least some of the proteins necessary for auxin biosynthesis and metabolism, which correlates with auxin measurements in members of this division of green algae (Cooke et al., 2002; Lau et al., 2009; Ross and Reid, 2010). On top, putative auxin transport proteins such as AUX1-like and ABCB/PGP-like proteins appear to be present in Chlorophyta, while PIN-like proteins are only encoded in some Streptophyta. While single-celled Chlorophyta seem to possess the potential to transport auxin, at present it is not clear if they import and export auxin from and to the environment, respectively. In the absence of PIN-like auxin carriers, the AUX1-like and ABCB/PGP-like proteins could facilitate putative auxin fluxes in Chlorophyta. While our analyses of S. pratensis and C. orbicularis EST libraries suggest that PIN proteins emerged in the Streptophyta clade, functional data will be required to determine if directional PIN-mediated auxin transport emerged to coordinate ...
http://www.plantphysiol.org/node/28157.full.print
Publikationen: Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzenbiochemie
Although polar transport and the TIR1-dependent signaling pathway of the plant hormone auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) are well characterized, understanding of the biosynthetic pathway(s) leading to the production of IAA is still limited. Genetic dissection of IAA biosynthetic pathways has been complicated by the metabolic redundancy caused by the apparent existence of several parallel biosynthetic routes leading to IAA production. Valuable complementary tools for genetic as well as biochemical analysis of auxin biosynthesis would be molecular inhibitors capable of acting in vivo on specific or general components of the pathway(s), which unfortunately have been lacking. Several indole derivatives have been previously identified to inhibit tryptophan-dependent IAA biosynthesis in an in vitro system from maize endosperm. We examined the effect of one of them, 6-fluoroindole, on seedling development of Arabidopsis thaliana and tested its ability to inhibit IAA biosynthesis in feeding experiments ...
https://www.ipb-halle.de/forschung/molekulare-signalverarbeitung/publikationen/?tx_solr%5Bfilter%5D%5B0%5D=publisher%3AKVC-Verlag+Essen&tx_solr%5Bfilter%5D%5B1%5D=publisher%3ABull+Environ+Contam+Toxicol&tx_solr%5Bfilter%5D%5B2%5D=publisher%3AAnnu+Rev+Plant+Biol&tx_solr%5Bfilter%5D%5B3%5D=publisher%3AJ+Plant+Growth+Regul
Auxin Activates the Plasma Membrane H+-ATPase by Phosphorylation during Hypocotyl Elongation in Arabidopsis | Plant PhysiologyAuxin Activates the Plasma Membrane H+-ATPase by Phosphorylation during Hypocotyl Elongation in Arabidopsis | Plant Physiology
The phytohormone auxin regulates diverse aspects of plant development, including tissue elongation, tropic growth, embryogenesis, apical dominance, lateral root initiation, and vascular differentiation (Teale et al., 2006). Proteins in the TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE1/AUXIN SIGNALING F-BOX protein (TIR1/AFB) family have recently been demonstrated to function as nuclear receptors for auxin (Dharmasiri et al., 2005a; Kepinski and Leyser, 2005). The auxin signal transduction system operating via the E3 ubiquitin-ligase complex SCFTIR1/AFB (for Skp1-Cul1-F-box protein), which includes TIR1/AFBs, plays a critical role in many auxin-mediated responses through transcriptional regulation (Mockaitis and Estelle, 2008).. Auxin-induced elongation of plant organs, such as hypocotyls, coleoptiles, and roots, has been explained by the acid-growth theory since the 1970s (Rayle and Cleland, 1970; Hager et al., 1971; Moloney et al., 1981). The theory states that auxin enhances proton extrusion via the plasma ...
http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/159/2/632?ijkey=8ea166c3969fdd0a2e45e6b89a8a3f0fa71e6b3d&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Auxin transport: providing a sense of direction during plant development | Biochemical Society TransactionsAuxin transport: providing a sense of direction during plant development | Biochemical Society Transactions
Auxins are key regulators of plant development. Plants employ a specialized delivery system termed polar auxin transport to convey indole-3-acetic acid from source to target tissues. Auxin transport is mediated by the combined activities of specialized influx and efflux carriers. Mutational approaches in the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, have led to the molecular genetic characterization of putative auxin influx and efflux carrier components, AUX1 and AtPIN1. Both genes belong to distinct gene families that are being functionally characterized by using a reverse genetic approach in Arabidopsis. AtPIN proteins are asymmetrically localized within plant plasma membranes, providing a molecular mechanism for the characteristic polarity of auxin transport. We outline the epitope tagging strategy being used in our laboratory to immunolocalize AUX1 and discuss the implications of its subcellular localization for auxin redistribution within root apical tissues. Lastly, we describe a novel ...
http://www.biochemsoctrans.org/content/28/4/481
Two auxin-responsive domains interact positively to induce expression of the early indoleacetic acid-inducible gene PS-IAA4/5. ...Two auxin-responsive domains interact positively to induce expression of the early indoleacetic acid-inducible gene PS-IAA4/5. ...
The plant growth hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) transcriptionally activates expression of several genes in plants. We have previously identified a 164-bp promoter region (-318 to -154) in the PS-IAA4/5 gene that confers IAA inducibility. Linker-scanning mutagenesis across the region has identified two positive domains: domain A (48 bp; -203 to -156) and domain B (44 bp; -299 to -256), responsible for transcriptional activation of PS-IAA4/5 by IAA. Domain A contains the highly conserved sequence 5-TGTCCCAT-3 found among various IAA-inducible genes and behaves as the major auxin-responsive element. Domain B functions as an enhancer element which may also contain a less efficient auxin-responsive element. The two domains act cooperatively to stimulate transcription; however, tetramerization of domain A or B compensates for the loss of A or B function. The two domains can also mediate IAA-induced transcription from the heterologous cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter (-73 to +1). In vivo ...
https://www.pnas.org/content/92/8/3483?ijkey=ca3ce5f168c1b38af31f02877522b4c43c7807cb&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
ARF1, a Transcription Factor That Binds to Auxin Response Elements | ScienceARF1, a Transcription Factor That Binds to Auxin Response Elements | Science
The NH2-terminal sequence of ARF1 is similar to that in twoArabidopsis expressed sequence tags (GenBank accession numbers Z37232 and R30405), IAA24 (GenBank accession number U79556) and ARF3 (6) and the COOH-terminal region of the maize transcriptional activator Viviparous-1 (VP1) (7) and itsArabidopsis homolog ABI3 (8) (Fig. 2B). The COOH-terminal sequence of ARF1 is similar to the COOH-terminal regions of Aux/IAA proteins, including IAA24 (Fig. 2C). The Aux/IAA proteins contain four islands of amino acid sequence similarity (boxes I to IV, Fig. 2A) (1). ARF1 and IAA24 differ from most Aux/IAA proteins in being larger and containing boxes III and IV only. Box III is part of a motif related to the amphipathic βαα-fold found in β-ribbon DNA-binding domains of prokaryotic Arc and MetJ repressor proteins, and Aux/IAA proteins are hypothesized to be transcription factors (9). Analyses with both Garnier-Osguthorpe-Robson and Chou-Fasman algorithms predict that box III in ARF1 conforms to an ...
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/276/5320/1865?ijkey=3b748aaac9763a79f24d59940827cedf4c6b5256&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
MtLAX2, a functional homologue of the Arabidopsis auxin influx transporter AUX1, is required for nodule organogenesis -...MtLAX2, a functional homologue of the Arabidopsis auxin influx transporter AUX1, is required for nodule organogenesis -...
Most legume plants can form nodules, specialized lateral organs that form on roots, and house nitrogen-fixing bacteria collectively called rhizobia. The uptake of the phytohormone auxin into cells is known to be crucial for development of lateral roots. To test the role of auxin influx in nodulation we used the auxin influx inhibitors 1-naphthoxyacetic acid (1-NOA) and 2-NOA, which we found reduced nodulation of Medicago truncatula. This suggested the possible involvement of the AUX/LAX family of auxin influx transporters in nodulation. Gene expression studies identified MtLAX2, a paralogue of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) AUX1, as being induced at early stages of nodule development. MtLAX2 is expressed in nodule primordia, the vasculature of developing nodules, and at the apex of mature nodules. The MtLAX2 promoter contains several auxin response elements, and treatment with indole-acetic acid strongly induces MtLAX2 expression in roots. mtlax2 mutants displayed root phenotypes similar to ...
http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/42910/
Frontiers | Transcriptomic analysis reveals ethylene as stimulator and auxin as regulator of adventitious root formation in...Frontiers | Transcriptomic analysis reveals ethylene as stimulator and auxin as regulator of adventitious root formation in...
Adventitious root (AR) formation in the stem base of cuttings is the basis for propagation of many plant species and petunia is used as model to study this developmental process. Following AR formation from 2 to 192 hours after excision (hpe) of cuttings, transcriptome analysis by microarray revealed a change of the character of the rooting zone from stem base to root identity. The greatest shift in the number of differentially expressed genes was observed between 24 and 72 hpe, when the categories storage, mineral nutrient acquisition, anti-oxidative and secondary metabolism, and biotic stimuli showed a notable high number of induced genes. Analyses of phytohormone-related genes disclosed multifaceted changes of the auxin transport system, auxin conjugation and the auxin signal perception machinery indicating a reduction in auxin sensitivity and phase-specific responses of particular auxin-regulated genes. Genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis and action showed a more uniform pattern as a high number
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2014.00494/full
Publikationen: Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzenbiochemie
The plant hormone indoleacetic acid (IAA or auxin) transcriptionally activates a select set of early genes. The Auxl IAA class of early auxin-responsive genes encodes a large family of short-lived, nuclear proteins. Aux/IAA polypeptides homo-and heterodimerize, and interact with auxin-response transcription factors (ARFs) via C-terminal regions conserved in both protein families. This shared region contains a predicted βαα motif similar to the prokaryotic β-Ribbon DNA binding domain, which mediates both protein dimerization and DNA recognition. Here, we show by circular dichroism spectroscopy and by chemical cross-linking experiments that recombinant peptides corresponding to the predicted βαα region of three Aux/IAA proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana contain substantial α-helical secondary structure and undergo homo- and heterotypic interactions in vitro. Our results indicate a similar biochemical function of the plant βαα domain and suggest that the βαα fold plays an important ...
http://www.ipb-halle.de/forschung/molekulare-signalverarbeitung/publikationen/?tx_solr%5Bfilter%5D%5B0%5D=publisher%3AFEBS+Letters
ROP3 GTPase Contributes to Polar Auxin Transport and Auxin Responses and Is Important for Embryogenesis and Seedling Growth in...ROP3 GTPase Contributes to Polar Auxin Transport and Auxin Responses and Is Important for Embryogenesis and Seedling Growth in...
Several recent observations indicated a link between ROP function and PIN endocytosis (Chen et al., 2012; Lin et al., 2012; Nagawa et al., 2012). Our results (Figure 10) show that downregulating ROP signaling or loss of ROP3 function disrupts PIN1 and PIN3 recycling. Together, these results imply that different ROPs could perform distinct functions in the regulation of PIN trafficking, thereby leading to altered PIN polarity and perturbing directional auxin transport. Moreover, our results also show that ROP3 differentially affects auxin transporters, even within the PIN family (Figure 9; Supplemental Figure 8). On the other hand, despite overlapping with AUX1 in its expression domain, ROP3 has no impact on the polarity of AUX1 (Figures 9P to 9R). These data suggest that ROP3 specifically affects the localization of PIN proteins in regions of the root where they coexpress during development.. ROPs are activated by auxin (Tao et al., 2002; Xu et al., 2010) and activated ROPs interact with ...
http://www.plantcell.org/node/14202.full.print
Research InterestsResearch Interests
How did selectivity for the one natural auxin IAA evolve? Are there still novel natural auxins to be discovered? From the structural biology of the auxin receptor TIR1 we have learnt a great deal about how auxin is recognised and how it starts the signalling cascades which alter plant development. Work in our lab has also shown how a different member of the auxin receptor family (AFB5) has a different, wider selectivity profile. An important family of auxin herbicides work through AFB5, and AFB5 is also implicated in the control of branching. This project will explore how and why the receptors have come to differ, and whether there might be a novel plant hormone to be discovered.. Structural biology of auxin transport proteins: a project with Dr Alex Cameron (Life Sciences, Warwick). The goal is to express, purify and determine the structure of auxin transport proteins by crystallography. These transporters determine some of the most profound morphogenic events in biology, such as polarity in ...
https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/lifesci/research/molrecognition/research/
Rate Motifs Tune Auxin/Indole-3-Acetic Acid Degradation Dynamics. | UW Biology
p,Ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation is a common feature in diverse plant cell signaling pathways; however, the factors that control the dynamics of regulated protein turnover are largely unknown. One of the best-characterized families of E3 ubiquitin ligases facilitates ubiquitination of auxin (aux)/indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) repressor proteins in the presence of auxin. Rates of auxin-induced degradation vary widely within the Aux/IAA family, and sequences outside of the characterized degron (the minimum region required for auxin-induced degradation) can accelerate or decelerate degradation. We have used synthetic auxin degradation assays in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and in plants to characterize motifs flanking the degron that contribute to tuning the dynamics of Aux/IAA degradation. The presence of these rate motifs is conserved in phylogenetically distant members of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Aux/IAA family, as well as in their putative Brassica rapa orthologs. We ...
https://www.biology.washington.edu/pubs/rate-motifs-tune-auxinindole-3-acetic-acid-degradation-dynamics
Auxin Acts through MONOPTEROS to Regulate Plant Cell Polarity and Pattern Phyllotaxis
The periodic formation of plant organs such as leaves and flowers gives rise to intricate patterns that have fascinated biologists and mathematicians alike for hundreds of years. The plant hormone auxin plays a central role in establishing these patterns by promoting organ formation at sites where it accumulates due to its polar, cell-to-cell transport. Although experimental evidence as well as modeling suggest that feedback from auxin to its transport direction may help specify phyllotactic patterns, the nature of this feedback remains unclear. Here we reveal that polarization of the auxin efflux carrier PIN-FORMED 1 (PIN1) is regulated by the auxin response transcription factor MONOPTEROS (MP). We find that in the shoot, cell polarity patterns follow MP expression, which in turn follows auxin distribution patterns. By perturbing MP activity both globally and locally, we show that localized MP activity is necessary for the generation of polarity convergence patterns and that localized MP ...
https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/261206
Project | Masaryk UniversityProject | Masaryk University
The establishment of embryonic polarity axes foreshadows the main body structure of multicellular adult organisms. Plants developed a polar cell-to-cell transport of the growth hormone auxin to generate an asymmetric auxin response in embryos, instructive for apical-basal polarity axis formation. Using theory-guided experiments, I recently established that the dynamic spatial and temporal onset of auxin biosynthesis is a trigger to orient auxin fluxes and therefore apical-basal axis body axis, at various time points of Arabidopsis embryo development. Here I proposed a direct approach to understand how auxin biosynthesis influences embryo patterning and how this is translated into gene expression changes. The objectives of my project are: (i) to characterize the downstream elements of the auxin response activated by a embryonic local auxin production, (ii) to identify the factors that dynamically and developmentally control auxin biosynthetic genes expression. The proposed research is ...
https://www.muni.cz/en/research/projects/26043
Maintenance of asymmetric cellular localization of an auxin transport protein through interaction with the actin cytoskeletonMaintenance of asymmetric cellular localization of an auxin transport protein through interaction with the actin cytoskeleton
In shoots, polar auxin transport is basipetal (that is, from the shoot apex toward the base) and is driven by the basal localization of the auxin efflux carrier complex. The focus of this article is to summarize the experiments that have examined how the asymmetric distribution of this protein compl …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11762378/?dopt=Abstract
Comparative analysis of auxinic compounds transporter ABCG37 and various polarly localized proteins in respect of secretion,...Comparative analysis of auxinic compounds transporter ABCG37 and various polarly localized proteins in respect of secretion,...
phdthesis{3006170, abstract = {Plants as sessile organisms evolved a specific body structure and at the cellular level mechanisms that allow to survive under extreme environmental conditions. The body shape and subcellular processes are largely dependent on coordinated activity of a small molecule indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), auxin. Local gradients of IAA correlate spatiotemporally with such developmental events like embryogenesis, phyllotaxis, organ initiation or tropisms. Auxin maxima and minima are mostly mediated by auxin efflux carriers PINs. Asymmetric distribution of these proteins determines the directional flow and facilitates the auxin gradient formation. Aberrations in apical or basal auxin-carriers localisation leads to severe developmental defects. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms initiating and controlling polar proteins localisation. Next to polarly distributed PINs, there is a growing group of polarly localized proteins transporting hormones or nutrients ...
https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/3006170
Movement of radioactive indoleacetic acid and tryptophan in plants infected with Meloidogyne incognitaMovement of radioactive indoleacetic acid and tryptophan in plants infected with Meloidogyne incognita
The export option will allow you to export the current search results of the entered query to a file. Different formats are available for download. To export the items, click on the button corresponding with the preferred download format. By default, clicking on the export buttons will result in a download of the allowed maximum amount of items. To select a subset of the search results, click Selective Export button and make a selection of the items you want to export. The amount of items that can be exported at once is similarly restricted as the full export. After making a selection, click one of the export format buttons. The amount of items that will be exported is indicated in the bubble next to export format. ...
https://repository.arizona.edu/handle/10150/347702
Structure for 3-Indoleacetic acid, TBDMS derivativeStructure for 3-Indoleacetic acid, TBDMS derivative
The interactive plot requires a browser with JavaScript and HTML 5 canvas support. Select a region with data to zoom. Select a region with no data or click the mouse on the plot to revert to the orginal display. Moving the mouse pointer over or near a line will display the coordinates of the peak. The number of digits shown do not reflect the uncertainty of the value. ...
https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/inchi?Str3View=U333993&Type=Jmol
Auxin is a central player in the hormone cross-talks that control adventitious rooting - Pacurar - 2014 - Physiologia Plantarum...Auxin is a central player in the hormone cross-talks that control adventitious rooting - Pacurar - 2014 - Physiologia Plantarum...
Vegetative propagation of economically important woody, horticultural and agricultural species rely on an efficient adventitious root (AR) formation. The formation of ARs is a complex genetic trait regulated by the interaction of environmental and endogenous factors among which the phytohormone auxin plays an essential role. This article summarizes the current knowledge related to the intricate network through which auxin controls adventitious rooting. How auxin and recently identified auxin-related compounds affect AR formation in different plant species is discussed. Particular attention is addressed to illustrate how auxin has a central role in the hormone cross-talk leading to AR development. In parallel, we describe the molecular players involved in the control of auxin homeostasis, transport and signaling, for a better understanding of the auxin action during adventitious rooting. ...
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ppl.12171/full
Enzyme is crucial for production of plant growth hormone | EurekAlert! Science NewsEnzyme is crucial for production of plant growth hormone | EurekAlert! Science News
HHMI researchers have identified an enzyme involved in the production of auxin, a plant growth hormone that influences plant growth. Although auxin has been studied for more than 100 years, scientists have not had a good grasp of how the hormone is synthesized by plants
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2001-01/HHMI-Eicf-1101101.php
A Role for Flavin Monooxygenase-Like Enzymes in Auxin Biosynthesis | ScienceA Role for Flavin Monooxygenase-Like Enzymes in Auxin Biosynthesis | Science
We carried out several experiments to show directly thatyucca plants contain elevated auxin levels. First, we used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to measure endogenous levels of free IAA (15). To obtain sufficient quantity of tissue for IAA measurements, we used a rather weak recapitulation line. This line contained about 50% more free IAA than wild-type plants, suggesting that strong yucca alleles contain even higher levels of free IAA (Fig. 2A).. Next, we used physiological and genetic experiments to test whether this modest increase in free IAA is physiologically important. It has been established previously that Arabidopsis explants cannot proliferate without addition of auxin to the medium. It has also been established that the ratio of auxin to cytokinin determines the relative growth of roots, shoots, and callus (16). In general, a high ratio of auxin to cytokinin leads to root growth, but a lower ratio induces callus and shoot growth (16). Extensive root growth was observed ...
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/291/5502/306?ijkey=642b3c8c9ee9a5390770966ff4054051f42830af&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Proteomes | Free Full-Text | Exogenous Auxin Elicits Changes in the Arabidopsis thaliana Root Proteome in a Time-Dependent...Proteomes | Free Full-Text | Exogenous Auxin Elicits Changes in the Arabidopsis thaliana Root Proteome in a Time-Dependent...
Auxin is involved in many aspects of root development and physiology, including the formation of lateral roots. Improving our understanding of how the auxin response is mediated at the protein level over time can aid in developing a more complete molecular framework of the process. This study evaluates the effects of exogenous auxin treatment on the Arabidopsis root proteome after exposure of young seedlings to auxin for 8, 12, and 24 h, a timeframe permitting the initiation and full maturation of individual lateral roots. Root protein extracts were processed to peptides, fractionated using off-line strong-cation exchange, and analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography and data independent acquisition-based mass spectrometry. Protein abundances were then tabulated using label-free techniques and evaluated for significant changes. Approximately 2000 proteins were identified during the time course experiment, with the number of differences between the treated and control roots increasing over
http://www.mdpi.com/2227-7382/5/3/16
Search Results | Development | The Company of BiologistsSearch Results | Development | The Company of Biologists
Polar transport of the phytohormone auxin through PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin efflux carriers is essential for the spatiotemporal control of plant development. The Arabidopsis thaliana serine/threonine kinase D6 PROTEIN KINASE (D6PK) is polarly localized at the plasma membrane of many cells where it colocalizes with PINs and activates PIN-mediated auxin efflux. Here, we show that the association of D6PK with the basal plasma membrane and PINs is dependent on the phospholipid composition of the plasma membrane as well as on the phosphatidylinositol phosphate 5-kinases PIP5K1 and PIP5K2 in epidermis cells of the primary root. We further show that D6PK directly binds polyacidic phospholipids through a polybasic lysine-rich motif in the middle domain of the kinase. The lysine-rich motif is required for proper PIN3 phosphorylation and for auxin transport-dependent tropic growth. Polybasic motifs are also present at a conserved position in other D6PK-related kinases and required for membrane and ...
https://journals.biologists.com/dev/search-results?f_AllAuthors=Mareike+Heilmann
A mutation in protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit A affects auxin transport in ArabidopsisA mutation in protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit A affects auxin transport in Arabidopsis
The phytohormone auxin controls processes such as cell elongation, root hair development and root branching. Tropisms, growth curvatures triggered by gravity, light and touch, are also auxin-mediated responses. Auxin is synthesized in the shoot apex and transported through the stem, but the molecula …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8641277/?dopt=Abstract
Bypassing auxin signalling | DevelopmentBypassing auxin signalling | Development
Plant development is regulated by a number of mobile factors. The Arabidopsis BYPASS1 (BPS1) gene was previously shown to control shoot and root development by preventing formation of a mobile compound, but how this compound functions and whether it modulates other signalling pathways is unclear. Now, Leslie Sieburth and colleagues show that Arabidopsis BPS1, as well as two related genes, BPS2 and BPS3, control the production of a mobile factor, the bps signal, which regulates patterning and growth in parallel with auxin signalling (p. 805). By analysing single, double and triple mutants, the researchers show that all three BPS genes control bps signal synthesis. Importantly, bps triple mutants display severe embryogenesis defects, including disruptions to vascular, root and shoot stem cell populations. Finally, bps triple mutants exhibit normal auxin-induced gene expression and localisation of the PIN1 auxin transporter, suggesting that the bps signal functions in an auxin-independent manner. ...
http://dev.biologists.org/content/139/4/e402
Involvement of HLS1 in Sugar and Auxin Signaling in Arabidopsis Leaves : Plant and Cell Physiology - oi
Sugar regulates a variety of genes and controls plant growth and development similarly to phytohormones. As part of a screen for Arabidopsis mutants with defects in sugar-responsive gene expression, we identified a loss-of-function mutation in the HOOKLESS1 (HLS1) gene. HLS1 was originally identified to regulate apical hook formation of dark-grown seedlings (Lehman et al., 1996, Cell 85: 183-194). In hls1, sugar-induced gene expression in excised leaf petioles was more sensitive to exogenous sucrose than that in the wild type. Exogenous IAA partially repressed sugar-induced gene expression and concomitantly activated some auxin response genes such as AUR3 encoding GH3-like protein. The repression and the induction of gene expression by auxin were attenuated and enhanced, respectively, by the hls1 mutation. These results suggest that HLS1 plays a negative role in sugar and auxin signaling. Because AUR3 GH3-like protein conjugates free IAA to amino acids (Staswick et al., 2002, Plant Cell 14: ...
http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/pcp/pcl027
Bending models of halotropism: Incorporating protein phosphatase 2A, ABCB transporters, and auxin metabolism<...Bending models of halotropism: Incorporating protein phosphatase 2A, ABCB transporters, and auxin metabolism<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Bending models of halotropism. T2 - Incorporating protein phosphatase 2A, ABCB transporters, and auxin metabolism. AU - Han, Eun Hyang. AU - Petrella, Dominic P.. AU - Blakeslee, Joshua J.. PY - 2017/6/1. Y1 - 2017/6/1. N2 - Salt stress causes worldwide reductions in agricultural yields, a problem that is exacerbated by the depletion of global freshwater reserves and the use of contaminated or recycled water (i.e. effluent water). Additionally, salt stress can occur as cultivated areas are subjected to frequent rounds of irrigation followed by periods of moderate to severe evapotranspiration, which can result in the heterogeneous aggregation of salts in agricultural soils. Our understanding of the later stages of salt stress and the mechanisms by which salt is transported out of cells and roots has greatly improved over the last decade. The precise mechanisms by which plant roots perceive salt stress and translate this perception into adaptive, directional growth away from ...
https://experts.umn.edu/en/publications/bending-models-of-halotropism-incorporating-protein-phosphatase-2
Auxin - WikipediaAuxin - Wikipedia
To cause growth in the required domains, auxins must of necessity be active preferentially in them. Local auxin maxima can be formed by active biosynthesis in certain cells of tissues, for example via tryptophan-dependent pathways,[14] but auxins are not synthesized in all cells (even if cells retain the potential ability to do so, only under specific conditions will auxin synthesis be activated in them). For that purpose, auxins have to be not only translocated toward those sites where they are needed but also they must have an established mechanism to detect those sites. Translocation is driven throughout the plant body, primarily from peaks of shoots to peaks of roots (from up to down). For long distances, relocation occurs via the stream of fluid in phloem vessels, but, for short-distance transport, a unique system of coordinated polar transport directly from cell to cell is exploited. This short-distance, active transport exhibits some morphogenetic properties. This process, polar auxin ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooting_hormone
Low phosphate signaling induces changes in cell cycle gene expression by increasing auxin sensitivity in the Arabidopsis root...
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http://pubmedcentralcanada.ca/pmcc/articles/PMC2801399/?lang=en-ca
An Auxin-Mediated Shift toward Growth Isotropy Promotes Organ Formation at the Shoot Meristem in Arabidopsis - Inria
To control morphogenesis, molecular regulatory networks have to interfere with the mechanical properties of the indi-vidual cells of developing organs and tissues, but how this is achieved is not well known. We study this issue here in the shoot meristem of higher plants, a group of undifferenti-ated cells where complex changes in growth rates and direc-tions lead to the continuous formation of new organs [1, 2]. Here, we show that the plant hormone auxin plays an impor-tant role in this process via a dual, local effect on the extracellular matrix, the cell wall, which determines cell shape. Our study reveals that auxin not only causes a limited reduction in wall stiffness but also directly interferes with wall anisotropy via the regulation of cortical microtubule dy-namics. We further show that to induce growth isotropy and organ outgrowth, auxin somehow interferes with the cortical microtubule-ordering activity of a network of proteins, in-cluding AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN 1 and KATANIN 1. Numer-ical
https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01074821
CPIB » Auxin Carriers Localization Drives Auxin Accumulation in Plant Cells Infected by Frankia in Casuarina glauca...CPIB » Auxin Carriers Localization Drives Auxin Accumulation in Plant Cells Infected by Frankia in Casuarina glauca...
Actinorhizal symbioses are mutualistic interactions between plants and the soil bacteria Frankia that lead to the formation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules. Little is known about the signaling mechanisms controlling the different steps of the establishment of the symbiosis. The plant hormone auxin has been suggested to play a role. Here we report that auxin accumulates within Frankia-infected cells in actinorhizal nodules of Casuarina glauca. Using a combination of computational modeling and experimental approaches, we establish that this localized auxin accumulation is driven by the cell-specific expression of auxin transporters and by Frankia auxin biosynthesis in planta. Our results indicate that the plant actively restricts auxin accumulation to Frankia-infected cells during the symbiotic interaction.. Plant Physiology 154 (3), 1372-1380 ...
https://www.cpib.ac.uk/publications/papers/auxin-carriers-localization-drives-auxin-accumulation-in-plant-cells-infected-by-frankia-in-casuarina-glauca-actinorhizal-nodules/
Flavonoids redirect PIN-mediated polar auxin fluxes during root gravitropic responsesFlavonoids redirect PIN-mediated polar auxin fluxes during root gravitropic responses
article{445484, abstract = {The rate, polarity, and symmetry of the flow of the plant hormone auxin are determined by the polar cellular localization of PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin efflux carriers. Flavonoids, a class of secondary plant metabolites, have been suspected to modulate auxin transport and tropic responses. Nevertheless, the identity of specific flavonoid compounds involved and their molecular function and targets in vivo are essentially unknown. Here we show that the root elongation zone of agravitropic pin2/eir1/wav6/agr1 has an altered pattern and amount of flavonol glycosides. Application of nanomolar concentrations of flavonols to pin2 roots is sufficient to partially restore root gravitropism. By employing a quantitative cell biological approach, we demonstrate that flavonoids partially restore the formation of lateral auxin gradients in the absence of PIN2. Chemical complementation by flavonoids correlates with an asymmetric distribution of the PIN1 protein. pin2 complementation ...
https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/445484
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Auxin regulation of the gibberellin pathway in pea - Open Access RepositoryAuxin regulation of the gibberellin pathway in pea - Open Access Repository
ONeill, DP and Ross, JJ (2002) Auxin regulation of the gibberellin pathway in pea. Plant Physiology, 130 (4). pp. 1974-1982. ISSN 0032-0889 ...
https://eprints.utas.edu.au/14585/
Insights into the Evolution and Function of Auxin Signaling F-Box Proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana Through Synthetic Analysis...Insights into the Evolution and Function of Auxin Signaling F-Box Proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana Through Synthetic Analysis...
The evolution of complex body plans in land plants has been paralleled by gene duplication and divergence within nuclear auxin-signaling networks. A deep mechanistic understanding of auxin signaling proteins therefore may allow rational engineering of novel plant architectures. Toward that end, we analyzed natural variation in the auxin receptor F-box family of wild accessions of the reference plant Arabidopsis thaliana and used this information to populate a structure/function map. We employed a synthetic assay to identify natural hypermorphic F-box variants and then assayed auxin-associated phenotypes in accessions expressing these variants. To more directly measure the impact of the strongest variant in our synthetic assay on auxin sensitivity, we generated transgenic plants expressing this allele. Together, our findings link evolved sequence variation to altered molecular performance and auxin sensitivity. This approach demonstrates the potential for combining synthetic biology approaches ...
http://www.genetics.org/content/207/2/583
WOX4 imparts auxin responsiveness to cambium cells in Arabidopsis. - Oxford Neuroscience
Multipotent stem cell populations, the meristems, are fundamental for the indeterminate growth of plant bodies. One of these meristems, the cambium, is responsible for extended root and stem thickening. Strikingly, although the pivotal role of the plant hormone auxin in promoting cambium activity has been known for decades, the molecular basis of auxin responsiveness on the level of cambium cells has so far been elusive. Here, we reveal that auxin-dependent cambium stimulation requires the homeobox transcription factor WOX4. In Arabidopsis thaliana inflorescence stems, 1-N-naphthylphthalamic acid-induced auxin accumulation stimulates cambium activity in the wild type but not in wox4 mutants, although basal cambium activity is not abolished. This conclusion is confirmed by the analysis of cellular markers and genome-wide transcriptional profiling, which revealed only a small overlap between WOX4-dependent and cambium-specific genes. Furthermore, the receptor-like kinase PXY is required for a stable auxin
https://www.neuroscience.ox.ac.uk/publications/400618
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2-amino-2-quinolin-6-ylacetic acid 108763-20-8 MSDS, Safety Technical Specifications MSDS2-amino-2-quinolin-6-ylacetic acid 108763-20-8 MSDS, Safety Technical Specifications MSDS
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2-amino-2-quinolin-6-ylacetic acid 108763-20-8 Precursor & Downstream Compound Dictionary2-amino-2-quinolin-6-ylacetic acid 108763-20-8 Precursor & Downstream Compound Dictionary
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Publications | Dr. Andrea GallavottiPublications | Dr. Andrea Gallavotti
One of the most fascinating aspects of plant morphology is the regular geometric arrangement of leaves and flowers, called phyllotaxy. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) determines these patterns, which vary depending on species and developmental stage. Auxin acts as an instructive signal in leaf initiation, and its transport has been implicated in phyllotaxy regulation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Altered phyllotactic patterns are observed in a maize (Zea mays) mutant, aberrant phyllotaxy1 (abph1, also known as abphyl1), and ABPH1 encodes a cytokinin-inducible type A response regulator, suggesting that cytokinin signals are also involved in the mechanism by which phyllotactic patterns are established. Therefore, we investigated the interaction between auxin and cytokinin signaling in phyllotaxy. Treatment of maize shoots with a polar auxin transport inhibitor, 1-naphthylphthalamic acid, strongly reduced ABPH1 expression, suggesting that auxin or its polar transport is required for ABPH1 ...
https://www.waksman.rutgers.edu/gallavotti/publications?sort=title&order=desc
AtPIN2 defines a locus of Arabidopsis for root gravitropism control - WRAP: Warwick Research Archive PortalAtPIN2 defines a locus of Arabidopsis for root gravitropism control - WRAP: Warwick Research Archive Portal
The molecular mechanisms underlying gravity perception and signal transduction which control asymmetric plant growth responses are as yet unknown, but are likely to depend on the directional flux of the plant hormone auxin. We have isolated an Arabidopsis mutant of the AtPIN2 gene using transposon mutagenesis. Roots of the Atpin2::En701 null-mutant were agravitropic and showed altered auxin sensitivity, a phenotype characteristic of the agravitropic wav6-52 mutant. The AtPIN2 gene was mapped to chromosome 5 (115.3 cM) corresponding to the WAV6 locus and subsequent genetic analysis indicated that wav6-52 and Atpin2::En701 were allelic. The AtPITN2 gene consists of nine exons defining an open reading frame of 1944 bp which encodes a 69 kDa protein with 10 putative transmembrane domains interrupted by a central hydrophilic loop. The topology of AtPIN2p was found to be similar to members of the major facilitator superfamily of transport proteins. We have shown that the AtPIN2 gene was expressed in ...
http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/15028/
Botany & Plant Biology 2007 - Abstract SearchBotany & Plant Biology 2007 - Abstract Search
Hormone Biology. Rahman, Abidur [1], Bannigan, Alex [3], Sulaman, Waheeda [3], Pechter, Priit [2], Blancaflor, Elison [2], Baskin, Tobias [3]. Auxin, actin, and growth of the Arabidopsis thaliana primary root.. To understand how auxin regulates root growth, we quantified cell division, elemental elongation, and examined actin in the primary root of Arabidopsis thaliana . In treatments for 48 hours that inhibit root elongation rate by 50%, we find that auxins and auxin-transport inhibitors can be put into two classes based on their effects on cell division, elongation, and actin. Indoleacetic acid (IAA), 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), and tri-iodobenzoic acid (TIBA) inhibit root growth primarily through reducing the length of the growth zone rather than the maximal rate of elemental elongation and they do not reduce cell production rate. These three compounds have little effect on the extent of filamentous actin, as imaged in living cells or with chemical fixation and immuno-cytochemistry, but ...
http://www.2007.botanyconference.org/engine/search/index.php?func=detail&aid=41
Quantitative Early Auxin Root Proteomics Identifies GAUT10, a Galacturonosyltransferase, as a Novel Regulator of Root Meristem...Quantitative Early Auxin Root Proteomics Identifies GAUT10, a Galacturonosyltransferase, as a Novel Regulator of Root Meristem...
Auxin induces rapid gene expression changes throughout root development. How auxin-induced transcriptional responses relate to changes in protein abundance is not well characterized. This report identifies early auxin responsive proteins in roots at 30 min and 2 h after hormone treatment using a quantitative proteomics approach in which 3,514 proteins were reliably quantified. A comparison of the ,100 differentially expressed proteins at each the time point showed limited overlap, suggesting a dynamic and transient response to exogenous auxin. Several proteins with established roles in auxin-mediated root development exhibited altered abundance, providing support for this approach. While novel targeted proteomics assays demonstrate that all six auxin receptors remain stable in response to hormone. Additionally, 15 of the top responsive proteins display root and/or auxin response phenotypes, demonstrating the validity of these differentially expressed proteins. Auxin signaling in roots dictates ...
https://www.mcponline.org/content/18/6/1157.abstract
Free and conjugated lndole-3-acetic acid in developing bean seeds<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Free and conjugated lndole-3-acetic acid in developing bean seeds. AU - Bialek, Krystyna. AU - Cohen, Jerry D.. PY - 1989. Y1 - 1989. N2 - The changes in conjugated indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels compared to the levels of free IAA have been analyzed during the development of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seed using quantitative mass spectrometry. Free and ester-linked IAA levels are both relatively high in the early stages of seed development but drop during seed maturation. Concomitantly, the amide-linked IAA becomes the major form of IAA present as the seed matures. In fully mature seed, amide IAA accounts for 80% of the total IAA. The total IAA pool in the seed is maintained at approximately the same level (150-170 nanograms/seed) once the level of free IAA has attained its maximum. Thus, the amount of amide IAA conjugates that accumulate in mature seed is closely related to the amounts of free and ester-linked IAA that disappeared from the rapidly growing seed. Analysis of ...
https://minnesota-staging.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/free-and-conjugated-lndole-3-acetic-acid-in-developing-bean-seeds
dblp: The discovery of novel auxin transport inhibitors by molecular modeling and three-dimensional pattern analysis.dblp: The discovery of novel auxin transport inhibitors by molecular modeling and three-dimensional pattern analysis.
Bibliographic details on The discovery of novel auxin transport inhibitors by molecular modeling and three-dimensional pattern analysis.
https://dblp.dagstuhl.de/rec/journals/jcamd/BuresBG91.html
Indole-3-acetic acid in plant-pathogen interactions: a key molecule for in planta bacterial virulence and fitness | IRIS...
The plant pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas savastanoi, the causal agent of olive and oleander knot disease, uses the so-called indole-3-acetamide pathway to convert tryptophan to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) via a two-step pathway catalyzed by enzymes encoded by the genes in the iaaM/iaaH operon. Moreover, pathovar nerii of P. savastanoi is able to conjugate IAA to lysine to generate the less biologically active compound IAA-Lys via the enzyme IAA-lysine synthase encoded by the iaaL gene. Interestingly, iaaL is now known to be widespread in many Pseudomonas syringae pathovars, even in the absence of the iaaM and iaaH genes for IAA biosynthesis. Here, two knockout mutants, ΔiaaL and ΔiaaM, of strain Psn23 of P. savastanoi pv. nerii were produced. Pathogenicity tests using the host plant Nerium oleander showed that ΔiaaL and ΔiaaM were hypervirulent and hypovirulent, respectively and these features appeared to be related to their differential production of free IAA. Using the Phenotype ...
https://flore.unifi.it/handle/2158/1066706
Serval - Auxin response factors ARF6 and ARF8 promote jasmonic acid production and flower maturation.Serval - Auxin response factors ARF6 and ARF8 promote jasmonic acid production and flower maturation.
Pollination in flowering plants requires that anthers release pollen when the gynoecium is competent to support fertilization. We show that in Arabidopsis thaliana, two paralogous auxin response transcription factors, ARF6 and ARF8, regulate both stamen and gynoecium maturation. arf6 arf8 double-null mutant flowers arrested as infertile closed buds with short petals, short stamen filaments, undehisced anthers that did not release pollen and immature gynoecia. Numerous developmentally regulated genes failed to be induced. ARF6 and ARF8 thus coordinate the transition from immature to mature fertile flowers. Jasmonic acid (JA) measurements and JA feeding experiments showed that decreased jasmonate production caused the block in pollen release, but not the gynoecium arrest. The double mutant had altered auxin responsive gene expression. However, whole flower auxin levels did not change during flower maturation, suggesting that auxin might regulate flower maturation only under specific envi
https://serval.unil.ch/en/notice/serval:BIB_938D0330D5F3
RCSB PDB - 1OVM: Crystal structure of Indolepyruvate decarboxylase from Enterobacter cloacae Literature Report PageRCSB PDB - 1OVM: Crystal structure of Indolepyruvate decarboxylase from Enterobacter cloacae Literature Report Page
1OVM: Crystal structure of thiamindiphosphate-dependent indolepyruvate decarboxylase from Enterobacter cloacae, an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid
http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/litView.do?structureId=1OVM
J Integr Plant Biol
Changes in distribution of trans-zeatin (t-Z), gibberellin A7 and A4(GA7/4), ( + )abscisic acid [( + )ABA] and indoleacetic acid (IAA) in the egg cells of Nicotiana tabacum var. macrophylla before and after fertilization were studied with immunoelectron microscopy. The ovules just at pollination or 96 h after pollination were fixed with 2% EDC [ 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide] and then with the mixed paraformaldehyde and glutaraldehyde for acidic phytohormones (or only with the aldehydes for t-Z), then slightly posffixed in 0.5% OsO4 solution for 30 min. After etched in 1% H2O2 for 10 min, the ultrathin sections embedded in Epon 812 resin were immunostained with rabbit anti-t-Z (and t-ZR) polyclonal antibody (PAB), anti-lAA methyl ester PAb, mouse anti-GA7 and GA4 methyl esters monoclonal antibody(MAb), or anti-( + ) ABA methyl ester MAb, respectively. Protein A- or sheep anti-mouse IgG-colloidal gold (Φ 10 nm) were used to indicate rabbit PAbs or mouse MAbs respectively. In the ...
http://www.jipb.net/EN/volumn/volumn_1515.shtml
Genetic Analysis of Indole-3-butyric Acid Responses in Arabidopsis thaliana Reveals Four Mutant Classes | GeneticsGenetic Analysis of Indole-3-butyric Acid Responses in Arabidopsis thaliana Reveals Four Mutant Classes | Genetics
The other IBA-response mutants utilize stored fatty acids during germination normally (Figure 3, Table 2). Because these mutants are generally as resistant to IBA as the putative peroxisomal mutants (Figure 2), we do not believe that they are simply extremely leaky peroxisomal mutants. These nonperoxisomal mutants can be further subdivided into three classes. The class 2 mutants (ibr1-1, ibr1-2, ibr2, and ibr3) are resistant to the auxin effects of IBA on both root elongation and lateral root proliferation, but have wild-type responses to other auxins (IAA and 2,4-D) and auxin transport inhibitors (NPA, TIBA, and HFCA). The class 2 mutants could be defective in enzymes that convert IBA to IAA but are not necessary for the β-oxidation of seed storage lipids. Alternatively, these mutants may be defective in an IBA receptor, signaling pathway, or response factor. If these mutants have normal IBA to IAA conversion, it will suggest that IBA plays at least two roles in the promotion of lateral roots, ...
https://www.genetics.org/content/156/3/1323?ijkey=fa57c76a262cbeadc441a7f7be94826f3cb54a42&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
US Patent # 5,188,655. Plant growth enhancing compositions using gibberellins, indoleacetic acid and kinetin - Patents.com
A plant growth enhancing composition comprising as an active ingredient a synergistic mixture of (a) gibberellins, (b) the heteroauxin indole-3-acetic acid and the cytokinin 6-(4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-tr
http://www.patents.com/us-5188655.html
Link to this page, e.g. for bookmarkingLink to this page, e.g. for bookmarking
Synchronized tissue polarization during regeneration or de novo vascular tissue formation is a plant-specific example of intercellular communication and coordinated development. According to the canalization hypothesis, the plant hormone auxin serves as polarizing signal that mediates directional channel formation underlying the spatio-temporal vasculature patterning. A necessary part of canalization is a positive feedback between auxin signaling and polarity of the intercellular auxin flow. The cellular and molecular mechanisms of this process are still poorly understood, not the least, because of a lack of a suitable model system. We show that the main genetic model plant, Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) can be used to study the canalization during vascular cambium regeneration and new vasculature formation. We monitored localized auxin responses, directional auxin-transport channels formation, and establishment of new vascular cambium polarity during regenerative processes after stem ...
https://research-explorer.app.ist.ac.at/record/1274
Leading Biostimulants and Plant Growth Hormones SupplierLeading Biostimulants and Plant Growth Hormones Supplier
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PLOS Computational Biology: The Role of Elastic Stresses on Leaf Venation MorphogenesisPLOS Computational Biology: The Role of Elastic Stresses on Leaf Venation Morphogenesis
Author SummaryLeaf venation patterns of most angiosperm plants are hierarchical structures that develop during leaf growth. A remarkable characteristic of these structures is the abundance of closed loops: the venation array divides the leaf surface into disconnected polygonal sectors. The initial vein generations are repetitive within the same species, while high-order vein generations are much more diverse but still show preserved statistical properties. The accepted view of vein formation is the auxin canalization hypothesis: a high flow of the hormone auxin triggers cell differentiation to form veins. Although the role of auxin in vein formation is well established, some issues are difficult to explain within this model, in particular, the abundance of loops of high-order veins. In this work, we explore the previously proposed idea that elastic stresses may play an important role in the development of venation patterns. This appealing hypothesis naturally explains the existence of hierarchical
http://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/related?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000055&imageURI=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000055.g009
Search Results | Journal of General Physiology | Rockefeller University PressSearch Results | Journal of General Physiology | Rockefeller University Press
1. Evidence has accumulated that the action of auxins in promoting growth is exerted not upon the cell wall but upon the cell contents; i.e ., the protoplasm. Following indications previously obtained, therefore, the effect of auxins on the rate of protoplasm streaming in the Avena coleoptile was studied. 2. Indole-3-acetic acid, the most active auxin available in pure form, was found to increase the rate of streaming in the epidermal cells of the Avena coleoptile at concentrations between 0.5 and 0.002 mg. per liter, the maximum increase being brought about at 0.01 mg. per liter. This concentration is approximately that which, applied in agar to one side of the decapitated coleoptile, would give a curvature of 1°; i.e ., it is well within the range of concentrations active in growth promotion. It is, however, much less than that which produces maximum elongation in immersed sections of Avena coleoptiles. 3. This accelerating effect is readily determined quantitatively by comparison with the ...
https://rupress.org/jgp/search-results?f_Authors=Kenneth+V.++Thimann
Researchers Discover How Protein Connecting Calcium and Hormone Regulates Plant Growth- Crop Biotech Update (October 2, 2019) |...
A new study conducted by scientists from Tel Aviv University (TAU) finds that a unique mechanism involving calcium, the plant hormone auxin, and a calcium-binding protein is responsible for regulating plant growth. The researchers involved in the study say that a protein that binds to calcium regulates both auxin responses and calcium levels, creating an interface that determines how plants grow.. For several decades, it was believed that calcium and auxin interfaced during plant development, but the mechanism behind such process were unclear. Now, the research group led by Prof. Shaul Yalovsky of TAUs George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences has discovered that auxin communicates with calcium through a binding protein called CMI1.. Auxin levels determine where leaves develop on a plant, how many branches a plant has, and how roots develop. Calcium levels change in plants in response to environmental signals like high or low temperatures, touch and soil salinity, as well as in response to auxin ...
https://www.isaaa.org/kc/cropbiotechupdate/article/default.asp?ID=17762
Selected publicationsSelected publications
AUX/LAX genes encode a family of auxin influx transporters that perform distinct functions during Arabidopsis development. Péret B, Swarup K, Ferguson A, Seth M, Yang Y, Dhondt S, James N, Casimiro I, Perry P, Syed A, Yang H, Reemmer J, Venison E, Howells C, Perez-Amador MA, Yun J, Alonso J, Beemster GT, Laplaze L, Murphy A, Bennett MJ, Nielsen E, Swarup R. Plant Cell. 2012 24:2874-85 (2012). -. The Arabidopsis YUCCA1 flavin monooxygenase functions in the indole-3-pyruvic acid branch of auxin biosynthesis. Stepanova AN, Yun J, Robles LM, Novak O, He W, Guo H, Ljung K, Alonso JM. Plant Cell. 23:3961-3973 (2011). -. A Small-Molecule Screen Identifies L-Kynurenine That Competitively Inhibits TAA1/TAR Activity in Ethylene-Directed Auxin Biosynthesis and Root Growth. He W, Brumos J, Li H, Ji Y, Ke M, Gong X, Zeng Q, Li W, Zhang X, An F, Wen X, Li P, Xie D, Stepanova A, Alonso J, and Guo H. Plant Cell. 23: 3944-3960 (2011). -. Bypassing transcription: a shortcut in cytokinin-auxin interactions. ...
https://alonsostepanova.wordpress.ncsu.edu/welcome/publications/pubklications/
June 2015 - Weeding the GemsJune 2015 - Weeding the Gems
The plant hormone auxin has long been known to play a significant role in plant growth, even featuring in Charles Darwins book The Power and Movement of Plants.. However until the mid-2000s the identity of any receptor for the hormone remained a mystery. Until that time, the site of auxin reception was somewhat of an enigma with the main candidate being a protein named Auxin Binding Protein (ABP) that, in many biochemical studies, was shown to bind auxin at physiological concentrations (for review of ABP1 work1). This protein is present in Arabidopsis but investigations into its in vivo function were somewhat stalled by a 2001 publication that demonstrated that an abp1 T-DNA insertion mutant was embryo lethal2. This did not overly surprise the research community given the fundamental and wide-ranging role of auxin in plant development.. Meanwhile researchers at York University in the UK and at Indiana University in the US were working on a novel hypothesis that proposed the auxin receptor ...
http://blog.garnetcommunity.org.uk/2015/06/
IST Research ExplorerIST Research Explorer
Swarup K, Benková E, Swarup R, Casimiro I, Péret B, Yang Y, Parry G, Nielsen E, De Smet I, Vanneste S, Levesque M, Carrier D, James N, Calvo V, Ljung K, Kramer E, Roberts R, Graham N, Marillonnet S, Patel K, Jones J, Taylor C, Schachtman D, May S, Sandberg G, Benfey P, Friml J, Kerr I, Beeckman T, Laplaze L, Bennett M. 2008. The auxin influx carrier LAX3 promotes lateral root emergence. Nature Cell Biology. 10(8), 946-954 ...
https://research-explorer.app.ist.ac.at/record?limit=100&start=4860&style=chicago
CONCANAVALIN A AS A PROBE FOR THE EPIDERMIS-SPECIFIC SECRETION OF GLYCOPROTEINS DURING IAA-INDUCED GROWTH IN RYE COLEOPTILES |...CONCANAVALIN A AS A PROBE FOR THE EPIDERMIS-SPECIFIC SECRETION OF GLYCOPROTEINS DURING IAA-INDUCED GROWTH IN RYE COLEOPTILES |...
Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about Biochemical Society Transactions.. NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.. ...
http://www.biochemsoctrans.org/content/24/4/514S.1
PřF:S2012 Mendels laws in plant biology - Informace o předmětuPřF:S2012 Mendels laws in plant biology - Informace o předmětu
In a second part of the course, the student will investigate the effects of the plant hormone auxin on root growth (few concentrations tested) and on reporter lines for the hormone signalling pathway. Activation or repression of the signalling pathways will be tested by colorimetric staining. Results will be collected and conclusion will be written and discussed. This part of the practical includes tissue culture as in the first part (including preparation of the growth medium), result analysis (root growth measurements), colorimetric staining and microscopy ...
https://is.muni.cz/predmet/sci/podzim2020/S2012
Quint Lab:papers of the month - OpenWetWareQuint Lab:papers of the month - OpenWetWare
cd - Nakasone et al.: A gene encoding SMALL ACIDIC PROTEIN 2 potentially mediates the response to synthetic auxin, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, in Arabidopsis thaliana. [6] kommt man leider noch nicht dran!----In diesem Zusammenhang aber auch vielleicht interessant: A small acidic protein 1 (SMAP1) mediates responses of the Arabidopsis root to the synthetic auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2006)[7] ...
https://openwetware.org/wiki/?title=Quint_Lab:papers_of_the_month&oldid=478841
IST Austria | Friml GroupIST Austria | Friml Group
When conditions get tough, animals typically fight or flee, but plants are rooted in their environment, and, as a result, have become remarkably adaptable. The Friml group investigates the mechanisms underlying plants adaptability during embryonic and postembryonic development.. Plants and animals have different life strategies. Plants are highly adaptive, and able to modify development and physiology to environmental changes; they can easily regulate growth, initiate new organs or regenerate tissues. Many of these developmental events are mediated by the plant hormone auxin. The Friml group investigates the unique properties of auxin signaling, which can integrate both environmental and endogenous signals. Employing methods spanning molecular physiology, developmental and cell biology, genetics, biochemistry, and mathematical modeling, the group focuses on auxin transport, cell polarity, endocytic recycling, as well as non-transcriptional mechanisms of signaling. In their work, the Friml group ...
https://ist.ac.at/en/research/friml-group/
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Difference between revisions of Quint Lab:Research - OpenWetWareDifference between revisions of Quint Lab:Research - OpenWetWare
to identify novel components of SCF complex regulation and/or auxin signaling we used the f-box protein and auxin receptor mutant tir1-1 for a second site forward genetic screen. in a previous screen in [http://www.cbs.umn.edu/plantbio/faculty/GrayWilliam bill grays lab] several enhancers of tir1-1-mediated auxin resistance had been identified (see zhang et al., [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18550827?dopt=AbstractPlus pnas 2008]; ito and gray, [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16877699?ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum plant physiology 2006]; quint et al., [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16045473?ordinalpos=2&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum plant journal 2005]; chuang et al., [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15208392?ordinalpos=3&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum plant cell 2004]; gray et al., ...
https://openwetware.org/wiki/?title=Quint_Lab:Research&diff=676181&oldid=457197
Mário Guimarães FerriMário Guimarães Ferri
Photoinactivation of the plant-hormone indoleacetic acid by fluorescent substances. Nature 4269. Ferri, M. G., 1952. Water ... Fluorescence and photoinactivation of indoleacetic acid. Arch. Biochem. & Byophys. 31. Ferri, M. G., 1951. Nuevas informaciones ... Stomatal behaviour as influenced by treatment with naphtoxyacetic acid. Contrib. Boyce Thompson Inst. 15. Ferri, M. G., 1949. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mário_Guimarães_Ferri
Birendra Bijoy BiswasBirendra Bijoy Biswas
H. Mondal; R. K. Mandal; B. B. Biswas (22 November 1972). "RNA Stimulated by Indole Acetic Acid". Nature New Biology. 240 (99 ... He is known for his contributions to the metabolism of nucleic acid and the regulation of protein synthesis in plant cells. He ... 283-. ISBN 978-81-317-3220-5. Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology. Academic Press. 16 June 1975. pp. 181-. ... successful in identifying the RNA polymerase associated with the transcription and methylation processes of Ribonucleic acid in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birendra_Bijoy_Biswas
FecesFeces
... as well as amines and carboxylic acids. Skatole is produced from tryptophan via indoleacetic acid. Decarboxylation gives ... "Catabolic pathway for the production of skatole and indoleacetic acid by the acetogen Clostridium drakei, Clostridium ... also include urine as white crystals of uric acid) Seabirds or bats (large accumulations) - guano Herbivorous insects, such as ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feces
Mary Helen GoldsmithMary Helen Goldsmith
During her Ph.D., she began to examine the movement of auxins, such as indole acetic acid, into corn. She particularly focused ... She earned her Ph.D. in 1960 from Radcliffe College where she researched the importance of indole acetic acid in the grass, ... Goldsmith, Mary Helen Martin (1960). Characteristics of the translocation of indoleacetic acid in the coleoptile of Avena ( ... Helen, Mary; Goldsmith, M.; Thimann, Kenneth V. (1962-07-01). "Some Characteristics of Movement of Indoleacetic Acid in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Helen_Goldsmith
Plant hormonePlant hormone
"A gene encoding a protein modified by the phytohormone indoleacetic acid". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of ... The most active JA in plants is jasmonic acid. Jasmonic acid can be further metabolized into methyl jasmonate (MeJA), which is ... Auxins, especially 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), are also commonly applied to stimulate root ... "Silverleaf whitefly induces salicylic acid defenses and suppresses effectual jasmonic acid defenses". Plant Physiology. 143 (2 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_hormone
Fog feverFog fever
In the history of research into this causative pathway, the roles of L-tryptophan and indoleacetic acid to 3-methylindole were ... Lactobacillus bacteria in the rumen degrade L-tryptophan to indoleacetic acid; bacteria in the rumen convert this to 3- ... 3-methylindole is produced exclusively from indoleacetic acid and not directly from L-tryptophan.) Club cells in the terminal ... The change in diet to vegetation rich in L-tryptophan causes a corresponding increase of the amino acid typically found in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fog_fever
Euphorbia abyssinicaEuphorbia abyssinica
Aerts, R.; Prinsen, E. & Muys, B. (2008). "Potential pathways of indole acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis in Euphorbia abyssinica ... This is because the sap contains the growth regulator hormone indole-3-acetic acid; branches and twigs that become detached ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euphorbia_abyssinica
Aspergillus clavatusAspergillus clavatus
A. clavatus has the properties to oxidize tryptamine to indole acetic acid. It can absorb and collect hydrocarbons from fuel ... A. clavatus also produces riboflavin, ribonuclease, acid phosphodiesterase and acid phosphatase when in liquid culture. ... Substantial degree of lipid synthesis occurs, whereas cellulose and usnic acid are degraded. ... oil, incorporate metaphosphate and synthesize ethylene, clavatol and kojic acid. It is also responsible for the production of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspergillus_clavatus
SkatoleSkatole
Tryptophan is converted to indoleacetic acid, which decarboxylates to give the methylindole. Skatole can be synthesized via the ... One obtained thereby volatile fatty acids; acetic acid; normal and isobutyric acid; as well as the aromatic substances: phenol ... "Catabolic pathway for the production of skatole and indoleacetic acid by the acetogen Clostridium drakei, Clostridium ... page 130 Skatole is derived from the amino acid tryptophan in the digestive tract of mammals. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skatole
Exobasidium camelliaeExobasidium camelliae
These effects may be caused by the fungus' production of indoleacetic acid. Besides the leaf, hyphae are also present in the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exobasidium_camelliae
Indoleacetylglucose-inositol O-acyltransferaseIndoleacetylglucose-inositol O-acyltransferase
Michalczuk L, Bandurski RS (1980). "UDP-glucose: indoleacetic acid glucosyl transferase and indoleacetyl-glucose: myo-inositol ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indoleacetylglucose—inositol_O-acyltransferase
Indoleacetate-lysine synthetaseIndoleacetate-lysine synthetase
"Cloning of the gene for indoleacetic acid-lysine synthetase from Pseudomonas syringae subsp. savastanoi". J. Bacteriol. 166 (2 ... specifically those forming carbon-nitrogen bonds as acid-D-amino-acid ligases (peptide synthases). The systematic name of this ... Hutzinger O, Kosuge T (1968). "Microbial synthesis and degradation of indole-3-acetic acid. 3. The isolation and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indoleacetate—lysine_synthetase
Mannich reactionMannich reaction
"Synthesis of new indolecarboxylic acids related to the plant hormone indoleacetic acid" (PDF). Journal of the Brazilian ... and β-amino acid derivatives". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 124 (9): 1866-1867. doi:10.1021/ja017833p. PMID ... "Direct asymmetric anti-Mannich-type reactions catalyzed by a designed amino acid". Journal of the American Chemical Society. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mannich_reaction
SerotoninSerotonin
There follows oxidation by aldehyde dehydrogenase to 5-HIAA, the indole acetic-acid derivative. The latter is then excreted by ... In animals including humans, serotonin is synthesized from the amino acid L-tryptophan by a short metabolic pathway consisting ... One product of serotonin breakdown is 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), which is excreted in the urine. Serotonin and 5-HIAA ... Biochemically, the indoleamine molecule derives from the amino acid tryptophan, via the (rate-limiting) hydroxylation of the 5 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serotonin
Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicusGluconacetobacter diazotrophicus
... an indole-acetic acid producing bacterium isolated from sugarcane cultivars of México". Plant and Soil. 154 (2): 145-150. doi: ... The bacterium is known for stimulating plant growth and being tolerant to acetic acid. With one to three lateral flagella, and ... Besides to be a nitrogen-fixing bacterium, G. diazotrophicus synthesizes Indole-3-acid acetic, that could contribute to promote ... Cavalcante, Vladimir A.; Dobereiner, J. (1988-05-01). "A new acid-tolerant nitrogen-fixing bacterium associated with sugarcane ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluconacetobacter_diazotrophicus
FenopropFenoprop
The compound's mechanism of action is to mimic the growth hormone indoleacetic acid (IAA). When sprayed on plants it induces ... It is a phenoxy herbicide and a plant growth regulator, an analog of 2,4,5-T in which the latter's acetic acid sidechain is ... Fenoprop, also called 2,4,5-TP, is the organic compound 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)propionic acid. ... Phenoxy herbicides 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid Pesticide Properties Database. "Fenoprop". University of Hertfordshire. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenoprop
PhotomorphogenesisPhotomorphogenesis
Tanada, Takuma (1968-02-01). "A Rapid Photoreversible Response of Barely Root Tips in the Presence of 3-Indoleacetic Acid". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photomorphogenesis
Ethylene as a plant hormoneEthylene as a plant hormone
ACC synthesis increases with high levels of auxins, especially indole acetic acid (IAA) and cytokinins. Ethylene is perceived ... Ethylene is biosynthesized from the amino acid methionine to S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM, also called Adomet) by the enzyme ... SAM is then converted to 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) by the enzyme ACC synthase (ACS). The activity of ACS ... Smoke contains ethylene, and once this was realized the smoke was replaced with ethephon or naphthalene acetic acid, which ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethylene_as_a_plant_hormone
Takuma TanadaTakuma Tanada
Tanada, T. (1968). "A rapid photoreversible response of barley root tips in the presence of 3-indoleacetic Acid". Proceedings ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takuma_Tanada
Gaseous signaling moleculesGaseous signaling molecules
ACC synthesis increases with high levels of auxins, especially indole acetic acid (IAA) and cytokinins. Ethylene is perceived ... which are then available as buffers for dietary acids. Ammonium is excreted in the urine, resulting in net acid loss. Ammonia ... Chen S, Zheng S, Liu Z, Tang C, Zhao B, Du J, Jin H (Feb 2015). "Endogenous sulfur dioxide protects against oleic acid-induced ... It was shown that endogenous sulfur dioxide plays a role in diminishing an experimental lung damage caused by oleic acid. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaseous_signaling_molecules
Phenoxy herbicidePhenoxy herbicide
The first group to be discovered act by mimicking the growth hormone indoleacetic acid (IAA). When sprayed on broad-leaf plants ... The best known phenoxy herbicides are (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid (MCPA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and ... butyric acid (2,4-DB) and 4-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)butyric acid (MCPB) which act as propesticides for 2,4-D and MCPA ... It is a benzoic acid rather than a phenoxyacetic acid whose use has grown rapidly since 2016 as crops genetically modified to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenoxy_herbicide
ColeoptileColeoptile
The natural plant hormone responsible for phototropism is now known to be indoleacetic acid (IAA). The Cholodny-Went model is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coleoptile
Roystonea regiaRoystonea regia
Basu, P. S.; A. C. Ghosh (2001). "Production of Indole Acetic Acid in Culture by a Rhizobium Species from the Root Nodules of a ... Basu, P. S.; A. C. Ghosh (1998). "Indole Acetic Acid and Its Metabolism in Root Nodules of a Monocotyledonous Tree Roystonea ... In addition to evidence of nitrogen fixation, the nodules were also found to be producing indole acetic acid, an important ... D-004, is a mixture of fatty acids, is being studied as a potential alternative to finasteride for the treatment of BPH. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roystonea_regia
Organochlorine compoundOrganochlorine compound
"Occurrence of 4-Cl-indoleacetic acid in broad beans and correlation of its levels with seed development". Plant Physiology. 74 ... amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Dioxins, which are of particular concern to human and environmental health ... The mechanism of action is the insecticide binding at the GABAA site in the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) chloride ionophore ... In the laboratory, the related reaction involving zinc chloride in concentrated hydrochloric acid: R − OH + HCl → Δ ZnCl 2 R − ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organochlorine_compound
ViciaVicia
Tanja Pless; Michael Boettger; Peter Hedden & Jan Graebe (1984). "Occurrence of 4-Cl-indoleacetic acid in broad beans and ... Canavanine, a toxic analogue of the amino acid arginine, has been identified in Hairy Vetch as an appetite suppressant for ... This process can effectively lead to the depletion of vital protective reserves of the sulfur amino acid cysteine and thereby ... It inhibits the conversion of the sulfur amino acid methionine to cysteine. Cystathionine, an intermediary product of this ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicia
Indoleacetate decarboxylaseIndoleacetate decarboxylase
Whitehead TR, Price NP, Drake HL, Cotta MA (March 2008). "Catabolic pathway for the production of skatole and indoleacetic acid ... The first one consists of the degradation of the amino acid into indole-3-acetate. And in the second step, IAD catalyzes the ... Fermentation of aromatic amino acids (in this case tryptophan) leads to a large variety of products that remain with their ... November 2017). "A gut bacterial pathway metabolizes aromatic amino acids into nine circulating metabolites". Nature. 551 (7682 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indoleacetate_decarboxylase
Tsune KosugeTsune Kosuge
"Involvement of plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid in indoleacetic acid synthesis in Pseudomonas savastanoi", Journal of Bacteriology ... Kosuge showed the importance of indoleacetic acid (IAA), a plant hormone which is produced by P. savastanoi, in producing the ... "Nucleotide sequences of the Pseudomonas savastanoi indoleacetic acid genes show homology with Agrobacterium tumefaciens T-DNA ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsune_Kosuge
AzotobacterAzotobacter
Ahmad F.; Ahmad I.; Khan M. S. (2005). "Indole Acetic Acid Production by the Indigenous Isolates of Azotobacter and Fluorescent ... They are also used in production of alginic acid, which is applied in medicine as an antacid, in the food industry as an ... The shape of the cell is affected by the amino acid glycine, which is present in the nutrient medium peptone. Under ... If atmospheric nitrogen is not fixed, the source of nitrogen can alternatively be nitrates, ammonium ions, or amino acids. The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azotobacter
Cutting (plant)Cutting (plant)
"Nitric Oxide Mediates the Indole Acetic Acid Induction Activation of a Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascade Involved in ... At a molecular level when a cutting is first excised at the stem there is an immediate increase in jasmonic acid, known to be ... It was known as early as 1935 that when indolyl-3-acetic acid (IAA), also known as auxin, is applied to the stem of root ... Among the commonly used chemicals is indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) used as a powder, liquid solution, or gel. This compound is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutting_(plant)
Polar auxin transportPolar auxin transport
Raven, J (1975). "Transport of Indoleacetic-acid in plant-cells in relation to pH and electrical potential gradients, and its ... In research, 1-N-Naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) and 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) are used as specific inhibitors of the ... 9-Hydroxyfluorene-9-carboxylic acid (HFCA), TIBA, and trans-cinnamic acid (TCA) are also example of Polar Auxin Transport ... As weak acids, the protonation state of auxins is dictated by the pH of the environment; a strongly acidic environment inhibits ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_auxin_transport
অক্সিন: সংশোধিত সংস্করণের মধ্যে পার্থক্য - উইকিপিডিয়াঅক্সিন: সংশোধিত সংস্করণের মধ্যে পার্থক্য - উইকিপিডিয়া
নামেও পরিচিত । এর রাসায়নিক নাম ইন্ডোল অ্যাসিটিক অ্যাসিড [Indole Acetic Acid বা IAA] । ...
https://bn.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/বিশেষ:মোবাইল_পার্থক্য/4652563
Zinc in biologyZinc in biology
The non-related β-carbonic anhydrase is required in plants for leaf formation, the synthesis of indole acetic acid (auxin) and ... In proteins, zinc ions are often coordinated to the amino acid side chains of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, cysteine and ... Zinc is an efficient Lewis acid, making it a useful catalytic agent in hydroxylation and other enzymatic reactions. The metal ... 1999, p. 627 Gadallah, MA (2000). "Effects of indole-3-acetic acid and zinc on the growth, osmotic potential and soluble carbon ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc_in_biology
ZolmitriptanZolmitriptan
... zolmitriptan N-oxide and an indole acetic acid derivative. It has an elimination half-life of about three hours before it ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zolmitriptan
List of MeSH codes (D03)List of MeSH codes (D03)
... indoleacetic acids MeSH D03.438.473.404.200 - etodolac MeSH D03.438.473.404.478 - hydroxyindoleacetic acid MeSH D03.438.473.412 ... pipemidic acid MeSH D03.383.725.547.650 - piromidic acid MeSH D03.383.725.547.900 - 3-pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6- ... niflumic acid MeSH D03.066.515.635 - pipemidic acid MeSH D03.066.515.650 - piromidic acid MeSH D03.066.515.950 - xanthinol ... nalidixic acid MeSH D03.438.810.835.055.550 - nedocromil MeSH D03.438.810.835.055.580 - oxolinic acid MeSH D03.438.810.835.188 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D03)
Steven E. LindowSteven E. Lindow
He also researched russeting in fruit, discovering that it is caused by the secretion of indole acetic acid by bacteria, and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven_E._Lindow
Pseudomonas savastanoiPseudomonas savastanoi
Symptoms include formation of galls on infected trees; tumour formation is induced by indoleacetic acid biosynthesis by the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas_savastanoi
LectinLectin
... and indole acetic acid, as well as water-soluble porphyrins. These interactions may be physiologically relevant, since some of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lectin
WRKY transcription factorWRKY transcription factor
... and auxin/indole acetic acid (AUX/IAA) repressor of the jasmonate and auxin signaling cascade, respectively, indicating a point ... Nucleic Acids Res. 35:1145-1154 Eulgem T, Rushton PJ, Robatzek S and Somssich IE (2000) The WRKY superfamily of plant ... Nucleic Acids Research. 41(21). 9764-9778 Babu, Iyer, Balaji and Aravind (2006) The natural history of the WRKY-GCM1 zinc ... Nucleic Acids Research. 34(22). 6505-6520 Babu, Iyer, Balaji and Aravind (2006) The natural history of the WRKY-GCM1 zinc ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WRKY_transcription_factor
BifemelaneBifemelane
3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethylene glycol and 5-hydroxy-indole acetic acid concentrations in patients with cerebral infarction ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bifemelane
Azotobacter chroococcumAzotobacter chroococcum
... as well as indoleacetic acid, which all are known to assist with the growth of crops. On top of helping with the growth of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azotobacter_chroococcum
Murashige and Skoog mediumMurashige and Skoog medium
Indole Acetic Acid 1-30 mg/l (optional) Kinetin 0.04-10 mg/l (optional) Hoagland solution Trigiano, Robert N. & Gray, Dennis J ... Boric acid (H3BO3) 6. 2 mg/l Cobalt chloride (CoCl2 · 6H2O) 0.025 mg/l Ferrous sulfate (FeSO4 · 7H2O) 27.8 mg/l Manganese(II) ... 0.025 mg/l Myo-Inositol 100 mg/l Nicotinic Acid 0.5 mg/l Pyridoxine · HCl 0.5 mg/l Thiamine · HCl 0.1 mg/l Glycine 2 mg/l ... 8.6 mg/l Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ferric sodium (FeNaEDTA) 36.70 mg/L Copper sulfate (CuSO4 · 5H2O) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murashige_and_Skoog_medium
ZincZinc
The non-related β-carbonic anhydrase is required in plants for leaf formation, the synthesis of indole acetic acid (auxin) and ... Strong acids, such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid, can remove the passivating layer and the subsequent reaction with the acid ... The free zinc ion is a powerful Lewis acid up to the point of being corrosive. Stomach acid contains hydrochloric acid, in ... In proteins, zinc ions are often coordinated to the amino acid side chains of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, cysteine and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc
3-Indoleacetic acid plant cell culture tested, crystalline 87-51-43-Indoleacetic acid plant cell culture tested, crystalline 87-51-4
3-Indoleacetic acid (Heteroauxin ); plant cell culture tested, crystalline; Suitable for plant cell culture; ... 3-Indoleacetic acid has been used:. *as standard to quantify hormones. *to modify MS (Murashige and Skoog) media for the ... Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is a natural phytohormone (plant auxin) used as a supplement in media such as Murashige and Skoog ...
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ES/es/product/sigma/i2886
Effect of tryptophan administration on tryptophan, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and indoleacetic acid in human lumbar and...Effect of tryptophan administration on tryptophan, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and indoleacetic acid in human lumbar and...
Tryptophan 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and indoleacetic acid were measured in cerebrospinal fluid taken during ... Effect of tryptophan administration on tryptophan, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and indoleacetic acid in human lumbar and ... Effect of tryptophan administration on tryptophan, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and indoleacetic acid in human lumbar and ...
https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/44/4/323
IAA (3-Indoleacetic Acid) - Xiamen Ditai Chemicals Co., LtdIAA (3-Indoleacetic Acid) - Xiamen Ditai Chemicals Co., Ltd
Xiamen Ditai Chemicals Co., Ltd.. Address: 8Fl, Hongsheng Building West Hexiang Road, Xiamen, China Tel: 86-592-2680108 Tel: 86-592-2680889. Fax: 86-592-2680880. E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.xmditaichem.com. ...
http://www.xmditaichem.com/en/202-iaa-3-indoleacetic-acid.html
Root Growth IAA Indole Acetic Acid CAS 87-51-4 Crystal Powder Min 98% Purity
High quality Root Growth IAA Indole Acetic Acid CAS 87-51-4 Crystal Powder Min 98% Purity from China, Chinas leading cytokinin ... Root Growth IAA Indole Acetic Acid CAS 87-51-4 Crystal Powder Min 98% Purity. ...
https://www.plant-growthregulators.com/sale-12966685-root-growth-iaa-indole-acetic-acid-cas-87-51-4-crystal-powder-min-98-purity.html
Molecular basis of plant architectureMolecular basis of plant architecture
Indoleacetic Acids / metabolism * Lycopersicon esculentum / anatomy & histology * Lycopersicon esculentum / genetics * Meristem ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18444901/
Frontiers | Impacts of strigolactone on shoot branching under phosphate starvation in chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum...Frontiers | Impacts of strigolactone on shoot branching under phosphate starvation in chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum...
Quantification of Indole Acetic Acid Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Freeze dried stem samples from different ... Scale bars above and beneath indicate the nucleic acid and amino acid length, respectively. (B) β-Carotene accumulation in E. ... Indole-acetic acid.. References. Aguilar-Martìnez, J. A., Poza-Carrión, C., and Cubas, P. (2007). Arabidopsis BRANCHED1 acts as ... to quantify the amount of free indole acetic acid (IAA) using ELISA following a protocol described previously (Zhao et al., ...
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2015.00694/full
Auxin Response Factor2 (ARF2) and its regulated homeodomain gene HB33 mediate abscisic acid response in ArabidopsisAuxin Response Factor2 (ARF2) and its regulated homeodomain gene HB33 mediate abscisic acid response in Arabidopsis
The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is an important regulator of plant development and response to environmental stresses. In ... Indoleacetic Acids / metabolism * Molecular Sequence Data * Mutation / genetics * Plant Roots / drug effects ... The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is an important regulator of plant development and response to environmental stresses. In ... Auxin Response Factor2 (ARF2) and its regulated homeodomain gene HB33 mediate abscisic acid response in Arabidopsis PLoS Genet ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21779177/
GROWTH IMPROVEMENT OF TOMATO WITH THE APPLICATION OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES PRODUCING INDOLE ACETIC ACID (IAA) AND PHOSPHATE...GROWTH IMPROVEMENT OF TOMATO WITH THE APPLICATION OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES PRODUCING INDOLE ACETIC ACID (IAA) AND PHOSPHATE...
The study aimed to evaluate 19 microbial isolates which produced indole acetic acid (IAA) affecting growth and development of ... GROWTH IMPROVEMENT OF TOMATO WITH THE APPLICATION OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES PRODUCING INDOLE ACETIC ACID (IAA) AND PHOSPHATE ... GROWTH IMPROVEMENT OF TOMATO WITH THE APPLICATION OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES PRODUCING INDOLE ACETIC ACID (IAA) AND PHOSPHATE ...
http://repository.pertanian.go.id/handle/123456789/10517
Cushings Syndrome Caused by an Occult SourceCushing's Syndrome Caused by an Occult Source
Tests for the presence of gut peptides, tumor markers, and urine 5-hydroxyl-indole-acetic acid were negative; Nelsons syndrome ... Abbreviations: 5-HIAA = 5-hydroxyl-indole-acetic acid; β-hCG = β human chorionic gonadotropin; ACTH = adrenocorticotropic ... urine 5-hydroxyl-indole-acetic acid, resection, histology, immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization.. Diagnosis: Occult ...
http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/547281
Produksi Hormon Indole Acetic Acid Isolat Streptomyces Asal Rhizosfer Mangrove Segara Anakan Cilacap pada Waktu Inkubasi...Produksi Hormon Indole Acetic Acid Isolat Streptomyces Asal Rhizosfer Mangrove Segara Anakan Cilacap pada Waktu Inkubasi...
Produksi Hormon Indole Acetic Acid Isolat Streptomyces Asal Rhizosfer Mangrove Segara Anakan Cilacap pada Waktu Inkubasi ... NURJANAH, Dwi Rizki (2018) Produksi Hormon Indole Acetic Acid Isolat Streptomyces Asal Rhizosfer Mangrove Segara Anakan Cilacap ... Salah satu senyawa Plant Growth Promoting Substance yang dihasilkan adalah hormon Indole Acetic Acid (IAA). Isolat-isolat ...
http://repository.unsoed.ac.id/7479/
DailyMed - NAPROXEN SODIUM tabletDailyMed - NAPROXEN SODIUM tablet
This effect should be kept in mind when urinary 5-hydroxy indoleacetic acid is determined. ... Naproxen may interfere with some urinary assays of 5-hydroxy indoleacetic acid (5HIAA). ... Naproxen, USP is a propionic acid derivative related to the arylacetic acid group of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. ... The chemical names for naproxen sodium, USP is (S)-6-methoxy- α -methyl-2 naphthaleneacetic acid, sodium salt. Naproxen sodium ...
https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=9316bbe0-a194-d2a8-8f86-6d39e4d8f20e
Pruritus and Systemic Disease Workup: Laboratory Studies, Imaging Studies, Other TestsPruritus and Systemic Disease Workup: Laboratory Studies, Imaging Studies, Other Tests
Urine for hydroxy indole acetic acid (5-HIAA) and mast cell metabolites ... Ursodeoxycholic acid in the treatment of cholestasis of pregnancy: a randomized, double-blind study controlled with placebo. J ... Lysophosphatidic acid is a potential mediator of cholestatic pruritus. Gastroenterology. 2010 Sep. 139 (3):1008-18, 1018.e1. [ ... Therapeutic effect of topical gamma-linolenic acid on refractory uremic pruritus. Am J Kidney Dis. 2006 Jul. 48(1):69-76. [QxMD ...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1098029-workup
Plant Growth And Development Test 1: 16/11/12 - ProProfs QuizPlant Growth And Development Test 1: 16/11/12 - ProProfs Quiz
Try this amazing Plant Growth And Development Test 1: 16/11/12 quiz which has been attempted 640 times by avid quiz takers. Also explore over 273 similar quizzes in this category.
https://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=plant-growth-and-development-test-161112
Publication Detail
Indoleacetic Acids/metabolism*; MicroRNAs/genetics; MicroRNAs/metabolism*; Phenotype; Plant Growth Regulators/pharmacology; ...
https://tools.niehs.nih.gov/portfolio/index.cfm?do=portfolio.publicationDetail&id=3495161
DailyMed - NAPROXEN SODIUM tablet NAPROXEN SODIUM- naproxen sodium tabletDailyMed - NAPROXEN SODIUM tablet NAPROXEN SODIUM- naproxen sodium tablet
This effect should be kept in mind when urinary 5-hydroxy indoleacetic acid is determined. ... Naproxen may interfere with some urinary assays of 5-hydroxy indoleacetic acid (5HIAA). ... The chemical name for naproxen sodium is (S)-6-methoxy-α-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid, sodium salt. Naproxen sodium has a ... Naproxen sodium is a member of the arylacetic acid group of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. ...
https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=79f48c92-783d-40f2-9865-89958a9f9de6
279 questions with answers in BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS | Science topic279 questions with answers in BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS | Science topic
Detection of Indole acetic acid (IAA) production by actinobacteria. Please kindly advice me about the best method. ... 120 to 240 seconds Aerobic + Anaerobic Muscle glycogen + lactic acid. 240 to 600 seconds Aerobic Muscle glycogen + fatty acids ... We are detecting Indole acetic acid (IAA) producing actinobacteria according to Bano and Musarrat (2003) method. ... Can I measure bile acids and specifically cholic acid in plasma and tissue? ...
https://www.researchgate.net/topic/Biochemical-Analysis
A global safety evaluation of etodolac - PubMedA global safety evaluation of etodolac - PubMed
Indoleacetic Acids / adverse effects* Actions. * Search in PubMed * Search in MeSH * Add to Search ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2525986
Granulomatous hepatitis and parotiditis induced by d-penicillamine in a case of rheumatoid arthritis] - PubMedGranulomatous hepatitis and parotiditis induced by d-penicillamine in a case of rheumatoid arthritis] - PubMed
Indoleacetic Acids / adverse effects* Actions. * Search in PubMed * Search in MeSH * Add to Search ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/554085
NOPR: SearchNOPR: Search
NOPR: SearchNOPR: Search
Biomarkers SearchBiomarkers Search
8. Occupational exposure to urban pollutants and urinary 5-hydroxy-3-indoleacetic acid.. Tomei F; Rosati MV; Ciarrocca M; ...
https://pubmedhh.nlm.nih.gov/biomarkers/search.php?id=26501303&mod=related&page=1&from=&outid=&proj=
Microprojectile bombardment transformation of brassica - Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc.Microprojectile bombardment transformation of brassica - Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc.
... indoleacetic acid (IM), 3-indolebutyric acid (IBA), a-napthaleneacetic acid (NM), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 4-(2, ... 4-dichlorophenoxy) butyric acid, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T), (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy) acetic acid (MCPA), 4 ... The solid medium can be MMW medium with indoleacetic acid (IAA), thidiazuron (TDZ) and silver nitrate (AgNO3). The solid medium ... 1989) Nucleic Acids Res. 17:7891-7903; and Joshi et al. (1987) Nucleic Acid Res. 15:9627-9639. ...
https://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2007/0107077.html
Frontiers | Ecological Conditions and Molecular Determinants Involved in Agrobacterium Lifestyle in Tumors | Plant ScienceFrontiers | Ecological Conditions and Molecular Determinants Involved in Agrobacterium Lifestyle in Tumors | Plant Science
Liu, P., and Nester, E. W. (2006). Indoleacetic acid, a product of transferred DNA, inhibits vir gene expression and growth of ... In "A. fabrum" species, the SpG8-1b genomic region is involved in ferulic acid, caffeic acid, and p-coumaric acid degradation ( ... Both organic acids can be used in vitro for growth (Zhao and Binns, 2016). Galacturonic acid is transformed into α- ... 2014). Two fatty acid desaturases, STEAROYL-ACYL CARRIER PROTEIN Δ9-DESATURASE6 and FATTY ACID DESATURASE3, are involved in ...
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2019.00978/full
Abstract for TR-23Abstract for TR-23
The chemical can replace the plant growth hormone indoleacetic acid, and inhibit the synthesis of protein in plants. ... Synonyms/Common Names: 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid. Report Date: 1978 ...
https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/publications/reports/tr/000s/tr023/index.html
Plants | Topical Collection : Feature Papers in Plant ProtectionPlants | Topical Collection : Feature Papers in Plant Protection
The isolate showed the ability to produce indole acetic acid, siderophore, phosphate solubilization activity and was an ... The isolate showed the ability to produce indole acetic acid, siderophore, phosphate solubilization activity and was an ... Thus far, the application of a salicylic acid (SA) phytohormone pathway elicitor, acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM), has been shown to ...
https://www.mdpi.com/journal/plants/special_issues/featurepapers_plant_protection
Grower 101: Rooting Hormones - Greenhouse Product NewsGrower 101: Rooting Hormones - Greenhouse Product News
Indole acetic acid (IAA) is the naturally occurring auxin found in plants. IAA is involved in nearly every aspect of plant ... Synthetic forms of auxin are available commercially in the form of Indolebutyric acid (IBA) and napthaleneacetic acid (NAA). ...
https://gpnmag.com/article/grower-101-rooting-hormones/
Murdannia pauciflora | Semantic ScholarMurdannia pauciflora | Semantic Scholar
Isolation of Indole Acetic Acid Producing Pink Pigmented Facultative Methylotrophs (PPFMs) from Murdannia loriformis (Hassk.) R ... This study aimed to evaluate the production of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase enzyme from endophytic… ... This study aimed to evaluate the production of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase enzyme from endophytic… ... Effect of Methylobacterium radiotolerans ED5-9 with Capability of Producing Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA) and 1-Aminocyclopropane- ...
https://www.semanticscholar.org/topic/Murdannia-pauciflora/8785292
College Services - the UWA Profiles and Research Repository
Ability to produce indole acetic acid is associated with improved phosphate solubilising activity of rhizobacteria. Alemneh, A ...
https://research-repository.uwa.edu.au/en/organisations/college-services/?status=FINISHED&relations=projects
Subject term: branches and Ficus carica - PubAg Search ResultsSubject term: branches and Ficus carica - PubAg Search Results
Ficus carica; branches; cultivars; figs; indole acetic acid; indole butyric acid; plant cuttings; rooting; roots; sand; shoots ... Phytosterols and fatty acids in fig (Ficus carica, var. Mission) fruit and tree components ... Mission) fruit and 3 structural components of the branches; and the fatty acid composition of fig fruits were studied using gas ... Ficus carica; figs; dried fruit; branches; long chain fatty acids; phytosterols; chemical constituents of plants. Abstract:. ...
https://pubag.nal.usda.gov/?f%5Bsubject_term%5D%5B%5D=branches&f%5Bsubject_term%5D%5B%5D=Ficus+carica&per_page=100&sort=relevance
Acetic acidAuxinArabidopsisSynthesisAbscisic acidMetabolitesCell elongationAcuteProductionBiochemicalDeficiencyPlantActivityCellsEffectHighSalicylic acidEnzymesAcetic acid productionGibberellinsGenesHormoneOrganicProteinsProteinTryptophanBiologyCarboxylic acidHydroxyindoleacetic AcidSolubilizationGlutamicAbscisicSeedlingsHIAAButyric acidNaphthalene aceticDerivativesHumicPeptideEthyleneAntifungalSuitable
Acetic acid10
  • IMSEAR at SEARO: Production of indole acetic acid and free amino acids by three thermophilic fungi. (who.int)
  • Indole-3-acetic acid IAA is easy to be decomposed in the light and air. (plant-growthregulators.com)
  • 2. Indole-3-acetic acid IAA prevents blossom fall and fruit drop before fructification and fruit ripening, flower & fruit thinning flower introduction, increase output. (plant-growthregulators.com)
  • Here, we optimize the Caenorhabditis elegans AID system by utilizing 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), an indole-free synthetic analog of the natural auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). (nih.gov)
  • Indole acetic acid metabolism in soils. (academicjournals.org)
  • The research aimed to isolate Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) producing by soil bacteria from paddy field in NCT Regency and to apply selected microbe in rice cultivation. (scialert.net)
  • Efficient rooting of in vitro proliferated shoots was obtained by culture on ½ strength MS medium supplemented with either 9.8 µM indole butyric acid (IBA) or 10.1 µM indole acetic acid (IAA). (usda.gov)
  • ROOTS: Growth Stimulants One of the most common root-promoting substances is indole acetic acid, but it is used mainly to stimulate rooting of cuttings. (orchids.org)
  • Acetic acid derivatives of the heterocyclic compound indole. (bvsalud.org)
  • Urinary 5-hydroxy indole acetic acid as a test for early diagnosis of acute appendicitis. (medscape.com)
Auxin1
  • Auxin-induced cell elongation relies in part on the acidification of the cell wall, a process known as acid growth that presumably triggers expansin-mediated wall loosening via altered interactions between cellulose microfibrils. (osti.gov)
Arabidopsis1
  • We hypothesize that CSI1- and microtubule-dependent crossed-polylamellate walls are required for acid growth in Arabidopsis hypocotyls. (osti.gov)
Synthesis2
  • It is involved in the synthesis of indoleacetic acid (IAA), an important plant growth regulator. (msucares.com)
  • Significantly up-regulated DEGs were found to be involved in abscisic acid (ABA) signalling and secondary metabolites synthesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Abscisic acid1
  • Also, antioxidant enzyme activities, osmolytes' accumulation, relative water content, membrane stability index and abscisic acid were higher in this cultivar. (biomedcentral.com)
Metabolites2
  • 7. The ketone and fatty acids metabolites are somewhat elevated. (phoenixrising.me)
  • Several clinical studies have reported increased excretion of anthranilic acid and other metabolites in bladder cancer patients. (healthmatters.io)
Cell elongation1
  • To explore the relationship between acid growth-mediated cell elongation and plant cell wall architecture, two mutants (jia1-1 and csi1-3) that are defective in cellulose biosynthesis and cellulose microfibril organization were analyzed. (osti.gov)
Acute2
  • Leukocyte count, C reactive protein, alpha-1 acid glycoprotein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in acute appendicitis]. (medscape.com)
  • Patients with acute intermittent porphyria had significantly increased urinary excretion of kynurenine and anthranilic acid. (healthmatters.io)
Production2
  • These results could be explained by the positive effect of DMDS and P. agglomerans MVC 21 VOCs on acid 3-indoleacetic production in Ps. (boku.ac.at)
  • Again, the low succinic and malic acids will also contribute to low ATP production by the mitochondria, contributing to the fatigue. (phoenixrising.me)
Biochemical1
  • Salicylic acid (SA) and Ca 2+ regulate the physiological and biochemical mechanisms in plants adapted to adverse environmental conditions. (ashs.org)
Deficiency2
  • The explanation appears to be a functional deficiency in B12, given the high-normal methylmalonic acid. (phoenixrising.me)
  • In a mathematical model without a tryptophan load, a moderate B6 deficiency resulted in slight decreases in kynurenic and anthranilic acids. (healthmatters.io)
Plant1
  • Microbiology, biochemistry and genetic engineering research in the field of biological nitrogen fixation, involving the purification and analysis of nucleic acids, measurement and analysis of RNA transcription and abundance, cloning of plant and bacterial genes, maintenance and selection of bacterial strains. (drsgoodman.com)
Activity1
  • Anthranilic acid activity may be reduced during vitamin B6 restriction. (healthmatters.io)
Cells2
  • This causes the cells to mobilize fatty acids, and they also appear to have difficulty entering the Krebs cycle, and are hence being shunted to omega oxidation. (phoenixrising.me)
  • For in vitro studies, HV-derived neutrophils and differentiated HL-60 cells by retinoic acid were used to determine the effect of uremic serum-induced NETs on human umbilical vein EC (HUVEC). (bvsalud.org)
Effect1
  • Furthermore, induced loss of crossed-polylamellate walls via disruption of cortical microtubules mimics the effect of csi1 in acid growth. (osti.gov)
High4
  • R&D on microalgae seeks to maximize the commercial potential of microalgae to produce a variety of biochemicals (such as carotenoids, polyunsaturated fatty acids and algal biofuels) by exploiting the conditions in arid zones-high solar irradiance, high temperatures, and the year-round availability of brackish or seawater. (bgu.ac.il)
  • This suggests that it is being fed by glutamate, which is also high, and that the flow from AKG to succinic acid is partially blocked. (phoenixrising.me)
  • Since the branched-chain fatty acids are high-normal, the problem seems to be that they are not being fed into the Krebs cycle. (phoenixrising.me)
  • What does it mean if your Anthranilic Acid result is too high? (healthmatters.io)
Salicylic acid3
  • They were also implicated in IAA, methyl jasmonic acid, or salicylic acid response, which is consistent with the finding that a great number of diverse cis-elements are present in their promoter regions involving a variety of signaling transduction pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It was found that this promoter can respond to auxins, cytokinins, methyl jasmonate (MJ), salicylic acid (SA) and its analogue 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid (iNA). (ttu.edu)
  • 2010. Proteomic analysis of tomato cultivars treated with growth elicitor's jasmonic acid and salicylic acid. (edu.pk)
Enzymes3
  • These enzymes enable the of fatty acids and lysophospholipid by hydrolysing the 2-ester bond of 1,2-diacyl-3-sn-phosphoglycerides. (embl.de)
  • Activates one or more enzymes in fatty acid synthesis, the enzymes responsible for DNA and RNA formation, and the enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase in the Krebs cycle. (agriculturenovel.co)
  • Phosphate solubilising bacteria produce organic acids and enzymes that help in the solubilisation of insoluble phosphates into plant utilizable form. (grab2deal.com)
Acetic acid production2
  • The nest soil-associated bacteria were examined for their plant growth-promoting abilities via biochemical assays including phosphate solubilization, Indole acetic acid production, siderophore production and physiological assays including biocontrol potential against the soil pathogen, Sclerotium rolfsii . (researchsquare.com)
  • The present project will select of plant growth promoting endophytic bacteria via their biochemical screening like nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization and indole acetic acid production. (fapesp.br)
Gibberellins1
  • They also produce phytohormones like Indole acetic acid and gibberellins, which promote plant growth and yield. (grab2deal.com)
Genes2
  • Gene ontologies for jasmonic acid signalling and innate immunity were enriched among the 300 differentially expressed genes unique to combined stress. (osrgd.com)
  • Whereas the second one utilizes the genes phzM and phzS to produce a pyocyanin producing bioassay whose product can be measured electrochemically.RESULTS: The fluorescent bioassay is able to detect 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (4-HPA) and 2-phenylacetic acid (PAA) concentrations from 60 μM to 3 mM in a dose-responsive manner. (itg.be)
Hormone8
  • The chemical can replace the plant growth hormone indoleacetic acid, and inhibit the synthesis of protein in plants. (nih.gov)
  • The plant pathogenic microbe Pseudomonas syringae uses AldA for the synthesis of indole acetic acid (IAA), a major plant hormone. (portlandpress.com)
  • The willow tree is a rich source of the indoleacetic acid hormone that spurs plant growth. (stumpchop.buzz)
  • However, CK2mut plants exhibit normal responses to exogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) indicating that they are not affected in the perception of the hormone but upstream in the pathway. (uab.cat)
  • Required for the formation of the hormone indoleacetic acid. (agriculturenovel.co)
  • This rhythmic activity of cambium is closely linked with the hormone Indole acetic acid (IAA) which stimulates meristematic activity in the cambial tissue. (biologyeducare.com)
  • Calcitonin/thyrocalcitonin linear polypeptide hormone comprising of 32 amino acids that is produced in humans primarily by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland. (ncertmcq.com)
  • A buffer solution and indoleacetic acid (IAA), a plant hormone with a similar structure to ICA, were used as controls. (ufscar.br)
Organic4
  • Opines are conjugates of amino acids and sugars or organic acids, and are specifically used as nutrients by agrobacteria harboring the Ti plasmid. (frontiersin.org)
  • Metabolic Analysis measuring 39 key organic acids to evaluate gastrointestinal function, cellular energy production, neurotransmitter processing, and functional need for vitamins, minerals, and co-factors. (integrativepsychiatry.net)
  • Incorporated into several organic compounds including amino acids and proteins. (agriculturenovel.co)
  • The content of total phenols (0.47~0.97 mg gallic acid equivalents/mL) and flavonoids (0.18~0.39 mg quercetin equivallents/mL) were spectrophotometrically determined, and the content of organic acid (10.22~59.76 mg/mL) and isoflavones (6.79~7.46 mg/mL) were determined using HPLC-UV. (waset.org)
Proteins1
  • There are 20 amino acids necessary, and found in human proteins, of which 9 are essential. (cancertruth.net)
Protein3
  • Protein constituents or amino acids ( the building blocks of protein). (cancertruth.net)
  • This study aimed to analyze the water content, yield, fat content, protein content, viscosity, gel strength, pH, melting and organoleptic rabbit skin gelatin with acetic acid extraction levels are different. (waset.org)
  • P3 = the extraction of acetic acid 4 % (v / v). P5 = the extraction of acetic acid 5% (v / v). The results showed that the greater the concentration of acetic acid as the extraction of rabbit skin can reduce the water content and fat content of rabbit skin gelatin but increase the protein content, viscosity, pH, gel strength, yield and melting point rabbit skin gelatin. (waset.org)
Tryptophan4
  • Effect of tryptophan administration on tryptophan, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and indoleacetic acid in human lumbar and cisternal cerebrospinal fluid. (bmj.com)
  • Tryptophan 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and indoleacetic acid were measured in cerebrospinal fluid taken during pneumoencephalography from patients, some of whom took a 3 g or 6 g tryptophan load at various times before. (bmj.com)
  • Pulmonary lesions comparable to those of fog fever have been produced in cattle by the administration of DL- or L-tryptophan, 5 methyl-indole and indoleacetic acid. (bl.uk)
  • Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is produced by microorganisms and plants via either tryptophan-dependent or tryptophan-independent pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
Biology1
  • The maximum yields of grain, straw and biology of both cultivars were obtained in response to triple treatment (humic acid + nicotinamide + recommended dose of NPK) or (humic acid + nicotinamide + half recommended dose of NPK) respectively. (scirp.org)
Carboxylic acid4
  • This extract was fractionated on a normal phase silica column, and its fractions were analyzed by mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) Thus, indol-3-carboxylic acid and the diketopiperazines cycle (Pro-Leu), cycle (Pro-Val), and cycle (Pro-Ile) were identified. (ufscar.br)
  • These compounds were tested on growth of wheat coleoptiles and the results indicated that only indole-3- carboxylic acid (ICA) was phytotoxic for wheat coleoptile growth. (ufscar.br)
  • Compounds with general formula C5H4N(CO2H) derived from PYRIDINE, having a carboxylic acid substituent at the 2-position. (ouhsc.edu)
  • EDTA Di-Sodium, widely abbreviated as EDTA is a polyamino carboxylic acid and a colourless, water-soluble solid. (metalicchem.com)
Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid1
  • 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) is the major metabolite of serotonin and is excreted in the urine. (mayocliniclabs.com)
Solubilization2
  • Further evaluation of the bacterial isolates for phosphate solubilization capacity, indole acetic acid (IAA), hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and ammonium gas production, showed all eight bacterial isolates were able to produce IAA (0.32-2.42 mg/mgl -1 ). (ajol.info)
  • The multi-function of 18 Bacillus subtilis isolates collected from agricultural extension centers of local government and National Academy of Agricultural Science was investigated by measuring their antifungal activities against five plant pathogens, such as Rhizoctonia solani, Colletotrichum acutatum, Fusarium oxysporum, Magnaporthe oryzae and Phytophthora capsici, phosphorus solubilization ability, production of indole acetic acid (IAA) and siderophore, and nitrogen fixation. (online-rpd.org)
Glutamic1
  • We created a single point mutation, known as E57Q, where we replaced the glutamic acid (E), a negatively charged amino acid, with glutamine (Q), a polar amino acid. (montclair.edu)
Abscisic2
  • The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is an important regulator of plant development and response to environmental stresses. (nih.gov)
  • Indole acetic acid (1AA), Abscisic acid (ABA) and Kinetin each at 10 -6 M were used as seed soaking treatment on Glycine max (L.) NARC 1. (scialert.net)
Seedlings1
  • Effect of CO 2 elevation on root growth and its relationship with indole acetic acid and ethylene in tomato seedlings. (co2science.org)
HIAA1
  • 5-HIAA, Human (5-hydroxy-3-indole Acetic Acid) BioAssay? (biobar.ca)
Butyric acid1
  • The rooting of cutting now a day can be hastened by pre-treating the cuttings with powders or solution containing synthetic hormones like Indole acetic acid (IAA), Indole butyric acid (IBA), Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), etc. (biologyeducare.com)
Naphthalene acetic2
  • In many cases, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) is used to enhance the vegetative bud of pineapple, causing the induction of flower bud. (biologyeducare.com)
  • Naphthalene acetic acid has also been found suitable for the development of seedless fruits in strawberry. (biologyeducare.com)
Derivatives2
  • Acetic acid derivatives of the heterocyclic compound indole. (nih.gov)
  • Regarding the quantification of individual polyphenols by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis, the presence of a high number of hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (mainly of 3- and 4-hydroxybenzoic acids) in all species was noted. (bvsalud.org)
Humic5
  • Humic acid is not a fertilizer as it does not directly provide nutrients to plants, but is a compliment to fertilizer. (scirp.org)
  • Foliar application of humic acid to plant priming in Vitamin pp induced significant increases in all studied parameters (morphology, chemical and yield) of plants amended with recommended or half recommended doses of NPK as compared with control plants. (scirp.org)
  • This water stress may be alleviated by irrigation whenever possible or saved irrigation water by using certain bioregulators as antioxidants and soil conditioners as humic acid. (scirp.org)
  • We are the leading supplier of humic & amino acid uniform balls which are used for agro purposes in soil application as a result of which the crops will be free from insects and it can also be used in place of insecticides & pesticides. (classicorganic.in)
  • This humic & amino acid are in the shape of balls of uniform sizes and is a cost saving product. (classicorganic.in)
Peptide1
  • A small putative open reading frame, starting with the first ATG in cyi1a and encoding a 22 amino acid peptide, has the same activity in tobacco protoplasts as the whole cDNA. (rsu.lv)
Ethylene2
  • Last of all, they report that indole acetic acid increased by 26.5% and 56.6% in the roots and leaves, respectively, and that increases in ethylene were nearly 100% in both roots and leaves. (co2science.org)
  • Further to this point, they say that indole acetic acid "is involved in the regulation of lateral root development, root hair elongation, and its density under appropriate phosphorus conditions," and that it "can stimulate the biosynthesis of ethylene. (co2science.org)
Antifungal1
  • This is the first report that piliformic acid and cytochalasin D have antifungal activity against C. gloeosporioides with MIC 2.92 and 2.46 µmol mL-1 respectively. (bvsalud.org)
Suitable1
  • Pt and Sn below 1% loading were suitable for acetic acid hydrogenation. (waset.org)
Search Results - - 109 Results - UNT Digital Library
Search Results - - 109 Results - UNT Digital Library (digital.library.unt.edu)
Appendicitis Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Emergency Department Care, Nonsurgical Treatment
Appendicitis Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Emergency Department Care, Nonsurgical Treatment (medscape.com)
Appendicitis Workup: Approach Considerations, Complete Blood Cell Count, C-Reactive Protein
Appendicitis Workup: Approach Considerations, Complete Blood Cell Count, C-Reactive Protein (medscape.com)
Appendicitis: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy
Appendicitis: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy (medscape.com)
Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid | Semantic Scholar
Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid | Semantic Scholar (semanticscholar.org)
Naproxen Tablets: Package Insert / Prescribing Information - Drugs.com
Naproxen Tablets: Package Insert / Prescribing Information - Drugs.com (drugs.com)
Recombinant Anti-Tryptophan Hydroxylase/TPH antibody [EP1311Y] (ab52954) | Abcam
Recombinant Anti-Tryptophan Hydroxylase/TPH antibody [EP1311Y] (ab52954) | Abcam (abcam.com)
The Screening, Characterization and Identification of Chitinolytic Actinomycetes Streptomyces sp. ANU5a. | Research Square
The Screening, Characterization and Identification of Chitinolytic Actinomycetes Streptomyces sp. ANU5a. | Research Square (researchsquare.com)
The AAA protein Msp1 mediates clearance of excess tail-anchored proteins from the peroxisomal membrane | eLife
The AAA protein Msp1 mediates clearance of excess tail-anchored proteins from the peroxisomal membrane | eLife (elifesciences.org)
Frontiers | Growth and Characteristics of Two Different Epichloë sinensis Strains Under Different Cultures
Frontiers | Growth and Characteristics of Two Different Epichloë sinensis Strains Under Different Cultures (frontiersin.org)
Potency of Auxin Producing and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria from Dryland in Rice Paddy Field
Potency of Auxin Producing and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria from Dryland in Rice Paddy Field (scialert.net)
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positive (DB07950) | DrugBank Online
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positive (DB07950) | DrugBank Online (go.drugbank.com)
Index Catalog // ScholarsArchive@OSU
Index Catalog // [email protected] (ir.library.oregonstate.edu)
Plant performance of enhancing licorice with dual inoculating dark septate endophytes and Trichoderma viride mediated via...
Plant performance of enhancing licorice with dual inoculating dark septate endophytes and Trichoderma viride mediated via... (researchsquare.com)
Syngenta patent families on positive selection - Cambia
Syngenta patent families on positive selection - Cambia (cambia.org)
A single inhalation of vapor from dried toad secretion containing 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) in a...
A single inhalation of vapor from dried toad secretion containing 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) in a... (link.springer.com)
Frontiers | Overexpression of RsMYB1 Enhances Anthocyanin Accumulation and Heavy Metal Stress Tolerance in Transgenic Petunia
Frontiers | Overexpression of RsMYB1 Enhances Anthocyanin Accumulation and Heavy Metal Stress Tolerance in Transgenic Petunia (frontiersin.org)
Micronutrients in Mississippi Soils and Plant Nutrition | Mississippi State University Extension Service
Micronutrients in Mississippi Soils and Plant Nutrition | Mississippi State University Extension Service (msucares.com)
Pre-symptomatic transcriptome changes during cold storage of chilling sensitive and resistant peach cultivars to elucidate...
Pre-symptomatic transcriptome changes during cold storage of chilling sensitive and resistant peach cultivars to elucidate... (bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com)
Tsune Kosuge Student Travel Award
Tsune Kosuge Student Travel Award (apsnet.org/members/give-awards/)
Running title: Endophyte Co-treatment on Persian Oak Tree Evaluation of Endophyte Co-treatment on Persian Oak Tree (Quercus...
Running title: Endophyte Co-treatment on Persian Oak Tree Evaluation of Endophyte Co-treatment on Persian Oak Tree (Quercus... (alliedacademies.org)
PDF) Anti-Inflammatory and Antiosteoarthritis Effects of Saposhnikovia divaricata ethanol Extract: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies
PDF) Anti-Inflammatory and Antiosteoarthritis Effects of Saposhnikovia divaricata ethanol Extract: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies (researchgate.net)
Ver Autor GIULIA ANGELICA MITTON
Ver Autor GIULIA ANGELICA MITTON (ri.conicet.gov.ar)
Journal of Chemical Sciences | Indian Academy of Sciences
Journal of Chemical Sciences | Indian Academy of Sciences (ias.ac.in)
PCSIR Islamabad
PCSIR Islamabad (pcsir.gov.pk)
Frontiers | Serum Tumor Markers in Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes: A Systematic Review of Guidelines
Frontiers | Serum Tumor Markers in Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes: A Systematic Review of Guidelines (frontiersin.org)
Biology (Morris)<...
Biology (Morris)<... (experts.umn.edu)
The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands <...
The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands <... (cris.bgu.ac.il)
Department of Anatomy - Research output - Keio University
Department of Anatomy - Research output - Keio University (keio.pure.elsevier.com)
Anai, T.<...
Anai, T.<... (kyushu-u.pure.elsevier.com)
Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on the Endogenous Hormone Content of Calyx Development in 'Korla' Fragrant Pear in:...
Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on the Endogenous Hormone Content of Calyx Development in 'Korla' Fragrant Pear in:... (journals.ashs.org)
Recent Progress in Materials | Pentachlorophenol Effect on Auxin Production by Pseudomonas fluorescens GU059580 and Its...
Recent Progress in Materials | Pentachlorophenol Effect on Auxin Production by Pseudomonas fluorescens GU059580 and Its... (lidsen.com)
Linking genome wide RNA sequencing with physio-biochemical and cytological responses to catalogue key genes and metabolic...
Linking genome wide RNA sequencing with physio-biochemical and cytological responses to catalogue key genes and metabolic... (bmcplantbiol.biomedcentral.com)
Husband's NutrEval Test Results! | Phoenix Rising ME/CFS Forums
Husband's NutrEval Test Results! | Phoenix Rising ME/CFS Forums (forums.phoenixrising.me)