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InbreedingGenetic LoadGenetics, PopulationConsanguinitySelf-FertilizationReproductionGenetic VariationModels, GeneticBreedingCrosses, GeneticPollinationHybrid VigorSelection, GeneticMicrosatellite RepeatsSexual Behavior, AnimalGenetic FitnessAntelopesEndangered SpeciesPopulation DensityMating Preference, AnimalHeterozygotePedigreeSolanumPollenPopulation DynamicsMimulusAsclepiadaceaeQuantitative Trait, HeritableFertilityBiological EvolutionGene FlowSex RatioDipsacaceaeAllelesAnimals, ZooRobiniaGenetic DriftSileneHomozygoteEnvironmentConservation of Natural ResourcesSeedsHistory, 16th CenturyFounder EffectCold-Shock ResponseGenotypeAnimals, DomesticGene FrequencyHermaphroditic OrganismsLychnisFlowersLitter SizeAnimals, WildAngiospermsGenetic MarkersCampanulaceaeAcaciaReproductive IsolationGeographyCanidaeBoraginaceaeRosaceae
Inbreeding
The mating of plants or non-human animals which are closely related genetically.
Genetic Load
The relative amount by which the average fitness of a POPULATION is lowered, due to the presence of GENES that decrease survival, compared to the GENOTYPE with maximum or optimal fitness. (From Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)
Genetics, Population
The discipline studying genetic composition of populations and effects of factors such as GENETIC SELECTION, population size, MUTATION, migration, and GENETIC DRIFT on the frequencies of various GENOTYPES and PHENOTYPES using a variety of GENETIC TECHNIQUES.
Consanguinity
The magnitude of INBREEDING in humans.
Self-Fertilization
The fusion of a male gamete with a female gamete from the same individual animal or plant.
Reproduction
The total process by which organisms produce offspring. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Genetic Variation
Genotypic differences observed among individuals in a population.
Models, Genetic
Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of genetic processes or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.
Breeding
The production of offspring by selective mating or HYBRIDIZATION, GENETIC in animals or plants.
Crosses, Genetic
Deliberate breeding of two different individuals that results in offspring that carry part of the genetic material of each parent. The parent organisms must be genetically compatible and may be from different varieties or closely related species.
Pollination
The transfer of POLLEN grains (male gametes) to the plant ovule (female gamete).
Hybrid Vigor
The adaptive superiority of the heterozygous GENOTYPE with respect to one or more characters in comparison with the corresponding HOMOZYGOTE.
Selection, Genetic
Differential and non-random reproduction of different genotypes, operating to alter the gene frequencies within a population.
Microsatellite Repeats
A variety of simple repeat sequences that are distributed throughout the GENOME. They are characterized by a short repeat unit of 2-8 basepairs that is repeated up to 100 times. They are also known as short tandem repeats (STRs).
Sexual Behavior, Animal
Sexual activities of animals.
Genetic Fitness
The capability of an organism to survive and reproduce. The phenotypic expression of the genotype in a particular environment determines how genetically fit an organism will be.
Antelopes
Any of various ruminant mammals of the order Bovidae. They include numerous species in Africa and the American pronghorn.
Endangered Species
An animal or plant species in danger of extinction. Causes can include human activity, changing climate, or change in predator/prey ratios.
Population Density
Number of individuals in a population relative to space.
Mating Preference, Animal
The selection or choice of sexual partner in animals. Often this reproductive preference is based on traits in the potential mate, such as coloration, size, or behavioral boldness. If the chosen ones are genetically different from the rejected ones, then NATURAL SELECTION is occurring.
Heterozygote
An individual having different alleles at one or more loci regarding a specific character.
Pedigree
The record of descent or ancestry, particularly of a particular condition or trait, indicating individual family members, their relationships, and their status with respect to the trait or condition.
Solanum
A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain SOLANACEOUS ALKALOIDS. Some species in this genus are called deadly nightshade which is also a common name for ATROPA BELLADONNA.
Pollen
The fertilizing element of plants that contains the male GAMETOPHYTES.
Population Dynamics
The pattern of any process, or the interrelationship of phenomena, which affects growth or change within a population.
Mimulus
A plant genus of the family Phrymaceae. Members contain 6-geranylflavanones and mimulone.
Asclepiadaceae
The milkweed plant family of the order Gentianales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. It includes many tropical herbs and shrubby climbers; most with milky juice. Flowers have five united petals. Fruits are podlike, usually with tufted seeds.
Quantitative Trait, Heritable
A characteristic showing quantitative inheritance such as SKIN PIGMENTATION in humans. (From A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Fertility
The capacity to conceive or to induce conception. It may refer to either the male or female.
Biological Evolution
The process of cumulative change over successive generations through which organisms acquire their distinguishing morphological and physiological characteristics.
Gene Flow
The change in gene frequency in a population due to migration of gametes or individuals (ANIMAL MIGRATION) across population barriers. In contrast, in GENETIC DRIFT the cause of gene frequency changes are not a result of population or gamete movement.
Sex Ratio
The number of males per 100 females.
Dipsacaceae
A plant family of the order Dipsacales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. It is sometimes called the teasel family.
Alleles
Variant forms of the same gene, occupying the same locus on homologous CHROMOSOMES, and governing the variants in production of the same gene product.
Animals, Zoo
Robinia
A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that contains linarin (acaciin) and LECTINS.
Genetic Drift
The fluctuation of the ALLELE FREQUENCY from one generation to the next.
Silene
A plant genus of the family CARYOPHYLLACEAE. The common name of campion is also used with LYCHNIS. The common name of 'pink' can be confused with other plants.
Homozygote
An individual in which both alleles at a given locus are identical.
Environment
The external elements and conditions which surround, influence, and affect the life and development of an organism or population.
Conservation of Natural Resources
The protection, preservation, restoration, and rational use of all resources in the total environment.
Seeds
The encapsulated embryos of flowering plants. They are used as is or for animal feed because of the high content of concentrated nutrients like starches, proteins, and fats. Rapeseed, cottonseed, and sunflower seed are also produced for the oils (fats) they yield.
History, 16th Century
Time period from 1501 through 1600 of the common era.
Founder Effect
A phenomenon that is observed when a small subgroup of a larger POPULATION establishes itself as a separate and isolated entity. The subgroup's GENE POOL carries only a fraction of the genetic diversity of the parental population resulting in an increased frequency of certain diseases in the subgroup, especially those diseases known to be autosomal recessive.
Cold-Shock Response
A constellation of responses that occur when an organism is exposed to excessive cold. In humans, a fall in skin temperature triggers gasping, hypertension, and hyperventilation.
Genotype
The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.
Animals, Domestic
Animals which have become adapted through breeding in captivity to a life intimately associated with humans. They include animals domesticated by humans to live and breed in a tame condition on farms or ranches for economic reasons, including LIVESTOCK (specifically CATTLE; SHEEP; HORSES; etc.), POULTRY; and those raised or kept for pleasure and companionship, e.g., PETS; or specifically DOGS; CATS; etc.
Gene Frequency
The proportion of one particular in the total of all ALLELES for one genetic locus in a breeding POPULATION.
Hermaphroditic Organisms
Animals and plants which have, as their normal mode of reproduction, both male and female sex organs in the same individual.
Lychnis
A plant genus of the family CARYOPHYLLACEAE. The common name "Campion" is also used with SILENE.
Flowers
The reproductive organs of plants.
Litter Size
The number of offspring produced at one birth by a viviparous animal.
Animals, Wild
Animals considered to be wild or feral or not adapted for domestic use. It does not include wild animals in zoos for which ANIMALS, ZOO is available.
Angiosperms
Members of the group of vascular plants which bear flowers. They are differentiated from GYMNOSPERMS by their production of seeds within a closed chamber (OVARY, PLANT). The Angiosperms division is composed of two classes, the monocotyledons (Liliopsida) and dicotyledons (Magnoliopsida). Angiosperms represent approximately 80% of all known living plants.
Genetic Markers
A phenotypically recognizable genetic trait which can be used to identify a genetic locus, a linkage group, or a recombination event.
Campanulaceae
A plant family of the order Campanulales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida
Acacia
A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The gums and tanning agents obtained from Acacia are called GUM ARABIC. The common name of catechu is more often used for Areca catechu (ARECA).
Reproductive Isolation
Mechanisms that prevent different populations from exchanging genes (GENE FLOW), resulting in or maintaining GENETIC SPECIATION. It can either prevent mating to take place or ensure that any offspring produced is either inviable or sterile, thereby preventing further REPRODUCTION.
Geography
The science dealing with the earth and its life, especially the description of land, sea, and air and the distribution of plant and animal life, including humanity and human industries with reference to the mutual relations of these elements. (From Webster, 3d ed)
Canidae
A family of terrestrial carnivores with long snouts and non-retractable claws. Members include COYOTES; DOGS; FOXES; JACKALS; RACCOON DOGS; and WOLVES.
Boraginaceae
The Borage plant family is in the class Magnoliopsida, subclass Asteridae, order Lamiales. It is characterized by hairy foliage, usually alternate and simple; flowers are funnel-shaped or tubular. Some of the species contain PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS.
Rosaceae
The rose plant family in the order ROSALES and class Magnoliopsida. They are generally woody plants. A number of the species of this family contain cyanogenic compounds.

Inbreeding of bottlenecked butterfly populations. Estimation using the likelihood of changes in marker allele frequencies. (1/1397)

Polymorphic enzyme and minisatellite loci were used to estimate the degree of inbreeding in experimentally bottlenecked populations of the butterfly, Bicyclus anynana (Satyridae), three generations after founding events of 2, 6, 20, or 300 individuals, each bottleneck size being replicated at least four times. Heterozygosity fell more than expected, though not significantly so, but this traditional measure of the degree of inbreeding did not make full use of the information from genetic markers. It proved more informative to estimate directly the probability distribution of a measure of inbreeding, sigma2, the variance in the number of descendants left per gene. In all bottlenecked lines, sigma2 was significantly larger than in control lines (300 founders). We demonstrate that this excess inbreeding was brought about both by an increase in the variance of reproductive success of individuals, but also by another process. We argue that in bottlenecked lines linkage disequilibrium generated by the small number of haplotypes passing through the bottleneck resulted in hitchhiking of particular marker alleles with those haplotypes favored by selection. In control lines, linkage disequilibrium was minimal. Our result, indicating more inbreeding than expected from demographic parameters, contrasts with the findings of previous (Drosophila) experiments in which the decline in observed heterozygosity was slower than expected and attributed to associative overdominance. The different outcomes may both be explained as a consequence of linkage disequilibrium under different regimes of inbreeding. The likelihood-based method to estimate inbreeding should be of wide applicability. It was, for example, able to resolve small differences in sigma2 among replicate lines within bottleneck-size treatments, which could be related to the observed variation in reproductive viability.  (+info)

Improving the efficiency of artificial selection: more selection pressure with less inbreeding. (2/1397)

The use of population genetic variability in present-day selection schemes can be improved to reduce inbreeding rate and inbreeding depression without impairing genetic progress. We performed an experiment with Drosophila melanogaster to test mate selection, an optimizing method that uses linear programming to maximize the selection differential applied while at the same time respecting a restriction on the increase in inbreeding expected in the next generation. Previous studies about mate selection used computer simulation on simple additive genetic models, and no experiment with a real character in a real population had been carried out. After six selection generations, the optimized lines showed an increase in cumulated phenotypic selection differential of 10.76%, and at the same time, a reduction of 19.91 and 60.47% in inbreeding coefficient mean and variance, respectively. The increased selection pressure would bring greater selection response, and in fact, the observed change in the selected trait was on average 31.03% greater in the optimized lines. These improvements in the selection scheme were not made at the expense of the long-term expectations of genetic variability in the population, as these expectations were very similar for both mate selection and conventionally selected lines in our experiment.  (+info)

Microsatellite loci in wild-type and inbred Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. (3/1397)

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, a major research model in developmental molecular biology, has been inbred through six generations of sibling matings. Though viability initially decreased, as described earlier, the inbred line now consists of healthy, fertile animals. These are intended to serve as a genomic resource in which the level of polymorphism is decreased with respect to wild S. purpuratus. To genotype the inbred animals eight simple sequence genomic repeats were isolated, in context, and PCR primers were generated against the flanking single-copy sequences. Distribution and polymorphism of these regions of the genome were studied in the genomes of 27 wild individuals and in a sample of the inbred animals at F2 and F3 generations. All eight regions were polymorphic, though to different extents, and their homozygosity was increased by inbreeding as expected. The eight markers suffice to identify unambiguously the cellular DNA of any wild or F3 S. purpuratus individual.  (+info)

The changes in genetic and environmental variance with inbreeding in Drosophila melanogaster. (4/1397)

We performed a large-scale experiment on the effects of inbreeding and population bottlenecks on the additive genetic and environmental variance for morphological traits in Drosophila melanogaster. Fifty-two inbred lines were created from the progeny of single pairs, and 90 parent-offspring families on average were measured in each of these lines for six wing size and shape traits, as well as 1945 families from the outbred population from which the lines were derived. The amount of additive genetic variance has been observed to increase after such population bottlenecks in other studies; in contrast here the mean change in additive genetic variance was in very good agreement with classical additive theory, decreasing proportionally to the inbreeding coefficient of the lines. The residual, probably environmental, variance increased on average after inbreeding. Both components of variance were highly variable among inbred lines, with increases and decreases recorded for both. The variance among lines in the residual variance provides some evidence for a genetic basis of developmental stability. Changes in the phenotypic variance of these traits are largely due to changes in the genetic variance.  (+info)

Scavenger receptor activity is increased in macrophages from rabbits with low atherosclerotic response: studies in normocholesterolemic high and low atherosclerotic response rabbits. (5/1397)

We have previously described 2 strains of New Zealand White rabbits with a high (HAR) or low (LAR) atherosclerotic response to hypercholesterolemia. In the present study, we focused on class A scavenger receptor (SR-A) activity and ApoE expression in macrophages from both rabbit strains. These parameters play a crucial role in maintaining cholesterol homeostasis in the arterial wall and may be involved in the development of atherosclerosis. SR activity, as measured by uptake of DiI-labeled acetylated LDL, was significantly higher in macrophages from LAR rabbits (2177+/-253 ng/mg cell protein) than in macrophages from HAR rabbits (1153+/-200 ng/mg cell protein). The higher SR activity was caused by a greater number of SRs (apparent Vmax, 4100 ng/mg in LAR and 1980 ng/mg in HAR rabbits). The high SR activity in macrophages from LAR rabbits was associated with a significantly higher expression of SR-A mRNA compared with macrophages from HAR rabbits. However, the latter finding could not be explained by differences in the activity of transcription factor-activating protein 1 (AP-1), which was comparable in macrophages from both strains of rabbits. Because under certain circumstances SR-A mRNA expression is regulated in parallel with ApoE expression, we also evaluated this parameter. Although ApoE mRNA was 74% higher in macrophages from LAR rabbits, the difference did not reach statistical significance. In conclusion, the increased expression of SR-A in macrophages in the presence of adequate amounts of ApoE may play a role in attenuating atherosclerosis in LAR rabbits.  (+info)

Paternal kin discrimination in wild baboons. (6/1397)

Mammals commonly avoid mating with maternal kin, probably as a result of selection for inbreeding avoidance. Mating with paternal kin should be selected against for the same reason. However, identifying paternal kin may be more difficult than identifying maternal kin in species where the mother mates with more than one male. Selection should nonetheless favour a mechanism of paternal kin recognition that allows the same level of discrimination among paternal as among maternal kin, but the hypothesis that paternal kin avoid each other as mates is largely untested in large mammals such as primates. Here I report that among wild baboons, Papio cynocephalus, paternal siblings exhibited lower levels of affiliative and sexual behaviour during sexual consortships than non-kin, although paternal siblings were not significantly less likely to consort than non-kin. I also examined age proximity as a possible social cue of paternal relatedness, because age cohorts are likely to be paternal sibships. Pairs born within two years of each other were less likely to engage in sexual consortships than pairs born at greater intervals, and were less affiliative and sexual when they did consort. Age proximity may thus be an important social cue for paternal relatedness, and phenotype matching based on shared paternal traits may play a role as well.  (+info)

A new mouse model of spontaneous diabetes derived from ddY strain. (7/1397)

By the selective breeding of obese male mice of the ddY strain and using indices of the heavy body weight and appearance of urinary glucose, we established two inbred strains in 1992: one with obesity and urinary glucose (Tsumura, Suzuki, Obese Diabetes: TSOD) and the other without them (Tsumura, Suzuki, Non Obesity: TSNO). The male TSOD mice constantly showed signs of obesity and urinary glucose with increases in food and water intake, body weight and some fat weight. The body mass index (BMI) clearly showed moderate obesity. Increases in the levels of diabetic blood parameters (glucose, insulin and lipids) were also found in males, in which the levels of blood glucose and insulin were high to the ages past the growth peak. In the histological studies, pancreatic islets of the TSOD males were found hypertrophic without any signs of insulitis or fibrous formation. Among these diabetic characteristics, some of which were similar to the reported models of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), the stable appearances of the hyperglycemia, the hyperinsulinemia and the hypertrophy of pancreatic islets to the ages past the growth peak were the prominent features. In these respect the TSOD mouse may be a useful model for researching the mechanisms of human diabetes and its complications.  (+info)

Genetic regulation of long-term nonprogression in E-55+ murine leukemia virus infection in mice. (8/1397)

Certain inbred mouse strains display progression to lymphoma development after infection with E-55+ murine leukemia virus (E-55+ MuLV), while others demonstrate long-term nonprogression. This difference in disease progression occurs despite the fact that E-55+ MuLV causes persistent infection in both immunocompetent BALB/c-H-2(k) (BALB.K) progressor (P) and C57BL/10-H-2(k) (B10.BR) long-term nonprogressor (LTNP) mice. In contrast to immunocompetent mice, immunosuppressed mice from both P and LTNP strains develop lymphomas about 2 months after infection, indicating that the LTNP phenotype is determined by the immune response of the infected mouse. In this study, we used bone marrow chimeras to demonstrate that the LTNP phenotype is associated with the genotype of donor bone marrow and not the recipient microenvironment. In addition, we have mapped a genetic locus that may be responsible for the LTNP trait. Microsatellite-based linkage analysis demonstrated that a non-major histocompatibility complex gene on chromosome 15 regulates long-term survival and is located in the same region as the Rfv3 gene. Rfv3 is involved in recovery from Friend virus-induced leukemia and has been demonstrated to regulate neutralizing virus antibody titers. In our studies, however, both P and LTNP strains produce similar titers of neutralizing and cytotoxic anti-E-55+ MuLV. Therefore, while it is possible that Rfv3 influences the course of E-55+ MuLV infection, it is more likely that the LTNP phenotype in E-55+ MuLV-infected mice is regulated by a different, closely linked gene.  (+info)

Inbreeding depression - WikipediaInbreeding depression - Wikipedia
Inbreeding depression is the reduced biological fitness in a given population as a result of inbreeding, or breeding of related individuals. Population biological fitness refers to an organisms ability to survive and perpetuate its genetic material. Inbreeding depression is often the result of a population bottleneck. In general, the higher the genetic variation or gene pool within a breeding population, the less likely it is to suffer from inbreeding depression. Inbreeding depression seems to be present in most groups of organisms, but varies across mating systems. Hermaphroditic species often exhibit lower degrees of inbreeding depression than outcrossing species, as repeated generations of selfing is thought to purge deleterious alleles from populations. For example, the outcrossing nematode (roundworm) Caenorhabditis remanei has been demonstrated to suffer severely from inbreeding depression, unlike its hermaphroditic relative C. elegans, which experiences outbreeding depression. Inbreeding ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbreeding_depression
Inbreeding effects on reproductive outcome in a Sudanese population | ScholarBank@NUSInbreeding effects on reproductive outcome in a Sudanese population | [email protected]
Saha, N.,Hamad, R.E.,Mohammed, S. (1990). Inbreeding effects on reproductive outcome in a Sudanese population. Human Heredity 40 (4) : 208-212. [email protected] Repository ...
http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/48002
Twenty Things Every Dairy Breeder Should Know About Inbreeding :: The Bullvine - The Worlds Leading Dairy MagazineTwenty Things Every Dairy Breeder Should Know About Inbreeding :: The Bullvine - The Worlds Leading Dairy Magazine
8. Inbreeding is expensive. For cows that survive to freshen the first time, each 1% increase in inbreeding reduces lifetime net income by $22 to $24.. 9. There is no magic level of inbreeding that is acceptable. Effects of inbreeding on performance of commercial dairy cattle are almost entirely negative.. 10. Inbreeding decreases performance. Inbreeding decreases cow survival, single lactation production and reproductive performance.. 11. Inbreeding increases negative factors. Inbreeding increases calf mortality, increases age at puberty through retarded growth, and increases rate of disposal or loss of replacement heifers prior to first calving.. 12. Inbreeding should be managed in herd breeding programs rather than avoided.. 13. Inbreeding in offspring differs for each sire-dam combination, making mate assignments important if inbreeding is to be managed properly.. 14. Blanket recommendations of a bull as an outcross to groups of cows may not be effective in reducing the impact of ...
http://www.thebullvine.com/mating-recomendations/twenty-dairy-breeder-inbreeding/
Estimates of genetic parameters and effect of inbreeding on milk yield and composition in South African Jersey cowsEstimates of genetic parameters and effect of inbreeding on milk yield and composition in South African Jersey cows
MAIWASHE, A.; NEPHAWE, K.A. and THERON, H.E.. Estimates of genetic parameters and effect of inbreeding on milk yield and composition in South African Jersey cows. S. Afr. j. anim. sci. [online]. 2008, vol.38, n.2, pp.119-125. ISSN 2221-4062.. The effect of inbreeding on the 305-d yields of milk, fat and protein, and the percentages of fat and protein in the first three lactations was estimated using records on the South African Jersey cows that participated in the National Dairy Animal Improvement Scheme. Inbreeding coefficients were estimated using the entire pedigree records of the Jersey breed and ranged from 0 to 42%. Data were analyzed using a repeatability animal model. The statistical model included the fixed effects of herd-year-season, age of the cow at calving, calving interval, inbreeding as a discrete or continuous variable and random effects of direct additive genetic, permanent environment of the cow and the residual effects. The multitrait derivative-free REML algorithm was used ...
http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0375-15892008000200006&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en
Inbreeding effects in a mixed-mating vine: Effects of mating history, pollen competition and stress on the cost of inbreeding
Inbreeding depression is assumed to be a central factor contributing to the stability of plant mating systems. Predicting the fitness consequence of inbreeding in natural populations is complicated, however, because it may be affected by the mating histories of populations generating variation in the amount of purging of deleterious alleles. Furthermore, the level of inbreeding depression may depend on environmental conditions and the intensity of pollen competition. In a greenhouse experiment comparing four populations of the neotropical vine Dalechampia scandens (Euphorbiaceae), we tested whether inbreeding depression for early-life fitness depended on the inferred mating history of each population, as indicated by genetically determined differences in herkogamy and autofertility rates. We also tested whether the intensity of pollen competition and the level of stress encountered by the seeds and seedlings affected the amount of inbreeding depression observed. Herkogamy was a good predictor of ...
https://brage.bibsys.no/xmlui/handle/11250/2473992
A multivariate analysis with direct additive and inbreeding depression load effects | Genetics Selection Evolution | Full TextA multivariate analysis with direct additive and inbreeding depression load effects | Genetics Selection Evolution | Full Text
Inbreeding is caused by mating between related individuals and its most common consequence is inbreeding depression. Several studies have detected heterogeneity in inbreeding depression among founder individuals, and recently a procedure for predicting hidden inbreeding depression loads associated with founders and the Mendelian sampling of non-founders has been developed. The objectives of our study were to expand this model to predict the inbreeding loads for all individuals in the pedigree and to estimate the covariance between the inbreeding loads and the additive genetic effects for the trait of interest. We tested the proposed approach with simulated data and with two datasets of records on weaning weight from the Spanish Pirenaica and Rubia Gallega beef cattle breeds. The posterior estimates of the variance components with the simulated datasets did not differ significantly from the simulation parameters. In addition, the correlation between the predicted and simulated inbreeding loads were
https://gsejournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12711-019-0521-3
Animal Behavior/Inbreeding - Wikibooks, open books for an open worldAnimal Behavior/Inbreeding - Wikibooks, open books for an open world
Inbreeding: refers to (preferential) mating between biological relatives. As relatives (i.e., ancestors of the first individuals are shared with those of the second individual), they carry genes which are identical by descent; extreme inbreeding: mating between sibs, half-sibs, parent-offspring Outbreeding: (preferential) mating between non-relatives Positive assortative mating: mating among individuals who share particular genes or phenotypes Negative assortative mating: mating among individuals who do not share particular genes or phenotypes Inbreeding Coefficients: Individual inbreeding coefficient (i.e., Pedigree inbreeding): F represents the probability that the offspring is homozygous due to identity by descent (ibd) at a randomly chosen autosomal locus, ranges in value from 0 (no locus ibd) to 1 (all loci ibd). Significant factors for pedigfree inbreeding are Factors which determine the probability that various kinds of individuals will come into contact, e.g., population demography ...
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Animal_Behavior/Inbreeding
Animal Behavior/Inbreeding - Wikibooks, open books for an open worldAnimal Behavior/Inbreeding - Wikibooks, open books for an open world
Inbreeding: refers to (preferential) mating between biological relatives. As relatives (i.e., ancestors of the first individuals are shared with those of the second individual), they carry genes which are identical by descent; extreme inbreeding: mating between sibs, half-sibs, parent-offspring Outbreeding: (preferential) mating between non-relatives Positive assortative mating: mating among individuals who share particular genes or phenotypes Negative assortative mating: mating among individuals who do not share particular genes or phenotypes Inbreeding Coefficients: Individual inbreeding coefficient (i.e., Pedigree inbreeding): F represents the probability that the offspring is homozygous due to identity by descent (ibd) at a randomly chosen autosomal locus, ranges in value from 0 (no locus ibd) to 1 (all loci ibd). Significant factors for pedigfree inbreeding are Factors which determine the probability that various kinds of individuals will come into contact, e.g., population demography ...
https://en.m.wikibooks.org/wiki/Animal_Behavior/Inbreeding
A high-quality pedigree and genetic markers both reveal inbreeding depression for quality but not survival in a cooperative...
Inbreeding depression, the reduced fitness of offspring of closely related parents, is commonplace in both captive and wild populations and has important consequences for conservation and mating system evolution. However, because of the difficulty of collecting pedigree and life-history data from wild populations, relatively few studies have been able to compare inbreeding depression for traits at different points in the life cycle. Moreover, pedigrees give the expected proportion of the genome that is identical by descent (IBDg) whereas in theory with enough molecular markers realized IBDg can be quantified directly. We therefore investigated inbreeding depression for multiple life-history traits in a wild population of banded mongooses using pedigree-based inbreeding coefficients (f(ped)) and standardized multilocus heterozygosity (sMLH) measured at 35-43 microsatellites. Within an information theoretic framework, we evaluated support for either f(ped) or sMLH as inbreeding terms and used ...
https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/record/2920320
Seasonal stress and inbreeding | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological SciencesSeasonal stress and inbreeding | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences
Our 3-year field study (2006-2009) using captive populations of D. melanogaster is the first field study to investigate the relationship between inbreeding depression and seasonal fluctuations in stress level. We found that stress levels were on average fourfold higher in the winter compared with the summer, and that this higher stress level increased the inbreeding depression affecting population productivity from 32 per cent in the summer to 65 per cent in the winter. Moreover, this covariation of stress level and inbreeding depression conformed to the same linear relationship seen in experimental Drosophila laboratory studies of stress and inbreeding (figure 2). The observation that inbreeding depression based on population productivity in the field follows the same relationship as inbreeding depression based on larval survival in the laboratory suggests that even in complex environments stress and inbreeding interact in the same predictable manner. This same general relationship has been ...
http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/early/2012/06/19/rspb.2012.1018
NGS-resources: Fwd: Estimating inbreeding coefficients from NGS data: impact on genotype calling and allele frequency...NGS-resources: Fwd: Estimating inbreeding coefficients from NGS data: impact on genotype calling and allele frequency...
Estimating inbreeding coefficients from NGS data: impact on genotype calling and allele frequency estimation [METHOD]: . Most methods for Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) data analyses incorporate information regarding allele frequencies using the assumption of Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) as a prior. However, many organisms including domesticated, partially selfing or with asexual life cycles show strong deviations from HWE. For such species, and specially for low coverage data, it is necessary to obtain estimates of inbreeding coefficients (F) for each individual beforecalling genotypes. Here, we present two methods for estimating inbreeding coefficients from NGS data based on an Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm. We assess the impact of taking inbreeding into account when calling genotypes or estimating the Site Frequency Spectrum (SFS), and demonstrate a marked increase in accuracy on low coverage highly inbred samples. We demonstrate the applicability and efficacy of these ...
http://ngs-resources.blogspot.com/2013/08/fwd-estimating-inbreeding-coefficients.html
SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF INBREEDING ON VIABILITY IN DROSOPHILA VIRILIS | GeneticsSYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF INBREEDING ON VIABILITY IN DROSOPHILA VIRILIS | Genetics
The effect of inbreeding on egg to adult viability was determined for Drosophila virilis over a wide range of inbreeding levels (0 , F ,.734). The quantity -loge (Viability) was found to be a curvilinear function of F, indicating synergistic interaction among loci. The curvature was not evident, however, below F =.500. The values of A and B (Morton et al. 1956) were calculated to be.06 and.77-.86, respectively. This extremely small value of A yielded a very large value for the B/A ratio i.e., 12.51-14.99.. ...
http://www.genetics.org/content/72/3/461
Frontiers | Fitness Costs Predict Emotional, Moral, and Attitudinal Inbreeding Aversion | PsychologyFrontiers | Fitness Costs Predict Emotional, Moral, and Attitudinal Inbreeding Aversion | Psychology
In terms of sexual intercourse, the very last people we think about are our kin. Imagining inbreeding intercourse, whether it involves our closest kin or not, induces aversion in most people who invoke inbreeding depression problems or cultural considerations. Research has focused on the disgust felt when facing inbreeding intercourse between close kin but little is known about other responses. In this study, we considered the influence of fitness costs on aversive reactions by including disgust and emotional reaction as well as moral judgment and attitudes towards inbreeding: higher costs should induce a stronger aversive reaction. The fitness costs were manipulated by two factors: (i) the degree of the participants involvement in the story (themselves, a sib or an unknown individual), and (ii) the degree of relatedness between the two inbreeding people (brother/sister, uncle-aunt/niece-nephew, cousin). To test this hypothesis, 140 women read and assessed different inbreeding stories varying in the
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01860/full
Reduction of inbreeding in commercial females by rotational mating with several sire lines | Genetics Selection Evolution |...Reduction of inbreeding in commercial females by rotational mating with several sire lines | Genetics Selection Evolution |...
A mating system to reduce the inbreeding of commercial females in the lower level was examined theoretically, assuming a hierarchical breed structure, in which favorable genes are accumulated in the upper level by artificial selection and the achieved genetic progress is transferred to the lower level through migration of males. The mating system examined was rotational mating with several closed sire lines in the upper level. Using the group coancestry theory, we derived recurrence equations for the inbreeding coefficient of the commercial females. The asymptotic inbreeding coefficient was also derived. Numerical computations showed that the critical factor for determining the inbreeding is the number of sire lines, and that the size of each sire line has a marginal effect. If four or five sire lines were available, rotational mating was found to be quite an effective system to reduce the short- and long-term inbreeding of the commercial females, irrespective of the effective size of each sire ...
https://gsejournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1297-9686-36-5-509
Inbreeding - Biology-Online DictionaryInbreeding - Biology-Online Dictionary
Supplement Inbreeding is a mode of breeding involving two individuals or organisms that are closely or genetically related. The mating of genetically-related parents would produce progenies with traits of higher predictability. In humans, while inbreeding is acceptable in few certain cultures it is frowned upon largely by others and regarded as taboo. Medically, inbreeding in a consanguineous relationship is discouraged. It is because it increases the tendency of producing offspring with genetic anomalies and congenital birth defects. Inbreeding increases the chances of acquiring deleterious traits. And over time, there would be more individuals with recessive alleles or alleles in homozygous condition. An individual that acquires deleterious traits from inbreeding is referred to as an inbred. In other animals, inbreeding is a common mode of breeding. For instance, the common fruit fly females prefer to mate with their brothers than those who are not their brothers.1 A large gene pool is ...
https://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Inbreed
Inbreeding effects on standard metabolic rate investigated at cold, benign and hot temperatures in Drosophila melanogaster. -...Inbreeding effects on standard metabolic rate investigated at cold, benign and hot temperatures in Drosophila melanogaster. -...
PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24456661?dopt=Abstract
The Role of Inbreeding in the Extinction of a European Royal DynastyThe Role of Inbreeding in the Extinction of a European Royal Dynasty
The kings of the Spanish Habsburg dynasty (1516-1700) frequently married close relatives in such a way that uncle-niece, first cousins and other consanguineous unions were prevalent in that dynasty. In the historical literature, it has been suggested that inbreeding was a major cause responsible for the extinction of the dynasty when the king Charles II, physically and mentally disabled, died in 1700 and no children were born from his two marriages, but this hypothesis has not been examined from a genetic perspective. In this article, this hypothesis is checked by computing the inbreeding coefficient (F) of the Spanish Habsburg kings from an extended pedigree up to 16 generations in depth and involving more than 3,000 individuals. The inbreeding coefficient of the Spanish Habsburg kings increased strongly along generations from 0.025 for king Philip I, the founder of the dynasty, to 0.254 for Charles II and several members of the dynasty had inbreeding coefficients higher than 0.20. In addition to
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0005174
Heterosis and inbreeding depression - Speaker DeckHeterosis and inbreeding depression - Speaker Deck
no common ancestral pathway to the individual, A (i.e., all parents are different). However, in Figure (b) inbreeding exists because B and C have common parents (D and E), that is, they are full sibs. To calculate the amount of inbreeding, the standard pedigree is converted to an arrow diagram, as shown in (c). Each individual contributes 1/2 of its genotype to its offspring. The coefficient of inbreeding (F) is calculated by summing up all the pathways between two individuals through a common ancestor as: , where s is the number of steps (arrows) from B to the common ancestor and back to C. For example, B and C probably inherited of their genes in common through ancestor D. Similarly, B and C probably inherited 1/4 of their genes in common through ancestor E. (Notice that individual whose inbreeding coefficient is being calculated does not constitute the loop and is hence ignored.) Given the proportion of common genes, F can be calculated by squaring the proportion -- i.e. . Here we sum twice ...
https://speakerdeck.com/deependrad/heterosis-and-inbreeding-depression-08781ece-fa39-4409-8736-2ea18fc4bd78
EFFECTS OF RAPID INBREEDING AND OF CROSSING OF INBRED LINES ON CONCEPTION RATE, PROLIFICACY AND EWE SURVIVAL IN SHEEP<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - EFFECTS OF RAPID INBREEDING AND OF CROSSING OF INBRED LINES ON CONCEPTION RATE, PROLIFICACY AND EWE SURVIVAL IN SHEEP. AU - Wiener, G.. AU - Lee, G.J.. AU - Woolliams, John. N1 - WOS:A1992JH85100014 Times Cited: 19 Wiener, g lee, gj woolliams, ja Part 1. PY - 1992. Y1 - 1992. N2 - The effects of four generations of inbreeding, to achieve inbreeding coefficients (F) of 0.25, 0.375, 0.50 and 0.59, on conception rate, prolificacy, litter weight at birth and survival of breeding females, have been studied in sheep. Crosses of inbred lines were also examined. Three breeds, Scottish Black-face, Cheviot and Welsh Mountain, and the crosses among these breeds, were involved. Analyses were carried out both for the data overall and within inbred lines. Conception rate at the first oestrus at which the ewe was mated (in each year) declined almost linearly from 0.71 (F2 generation - inbreeding F = 0.0) to 0.44 (F = 0.59) with line crosses showing 0.78 conception rate. The corresponding ...
https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/publications/effects-of-rapid-inbreeding-and-of-crossing-of-inbred-lines-on-co
Marker-Based Inferences About Epistasis for Genes Influencing Inbreeding Depression | GeneticsMarker-Based Inferences About Epistasis for Genes Influencing Inbreeding Depression | Genetics
We describe a multilocus, marker-based regression method for inferring interactions between genes controlling inbreeding depression in self-fertile organisms. It is based upon selfing a parent heterozygous for several unlinked codominant markers, then analyzing the fitness of progeny marker genotypes. If loci causing inbreeding depression are linked to marker loci, then viability selection is manifested by distorted segregation of markers, and fecundity selection by dependence of the fecundity character upon the marker genotype. To characterize this selection, fitness is regressed on the proportion of loci homozygous for markers linked to deleterious alleles, and epistasis is detected by nonlinearity of the regression. Alternatively, fitness can be regressed on the proportion of heterozygous loci. Other modes of selection can be incorporated with a bivariate regression involving both homozygote and heterozygote marker genotypes. The advantage of this marker-based approach is that purging is ...
https://www.genetics.org/content/144/1/339?ijkey=f722d04e958bf19899bb6949a9fe3f698ec23b83&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
MUTATIONAL MELTDOWN IN SELFING ARABIDOPSIS LYRATA - Willi - 2012 - Evolution - Wiley Online LibraryMUTATIONAL MELTDOWN IN SELFING ARABIDOPSIS LYRATA - Willi - 2012 - Evolution - Wiley Online Library
Why is self-fertilization in hermaphrodites relatively rare? One hypothesis is that inbreeding load must be low to enable the evolution of selfing (Maynard Smith 1978; Lande and Schemske 1985). Once selfing has evolved, inbreeding load is exposed to purging and should further decline. This is especially true for load caused by recessive mutations with large deleterious effects because of an increase in overall homozygosity levels (Lande and Schemske 1985). These two ideas together predict that selfing populations should have reduced inbreeding load, well below 0.5 (Lande and Schemske 1985). My results for A. lyrata do not support this prediction. Although the inbreeding load was indeed below 0.5 in selfing populations, it was equally low in outcrossing populations.. This finding of low inbreeding load in both selfing and outcrossing populations leads to three important conclusions. First, purging must have been an important force in this system in the past, leading to generally low inbreeding ...
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2012.01818.x/full?globalMessage=0
The relative effects of inbreeding and outbreeding on reproduction in the domestic fowl - Hilgardia - University of...The relative effects of inbreeding and outbreeding on reproduction in the domestic fowl - Hilgardia - University of...
This study of the relative effects of inbreeding and outbreeding on reproduction in the domestic fowl is based on two years observations of triallel matings of hens having an inbred, outbred, and crossbred origin. (P. 529.) Among the many relations established by these observations and reported in the following pages, the data with respect to inbreeding and outbreeding show that: Fertility was influenced indirectly but not directly by the breeding system. Hens of an inbred origin were definitely less fertile than those of an outbred origin, irrespective of the kind of male to which they were mated. (P. 535.) Hatchability decreased with inbreeding of outbred females (F = 0 to F = .25) but did not decrease with further inbreeding of inbred females. Inbred females showed lower hatchability than outbred females whatever the system of mating, but the difference was not statistically significant. (P.
http://hilgardia.ucanr.edu/Abstract/?a=hilg.v20n21p529
Genetic variability of traits recorded during 100-day stationary performance test and inbreeding level in Polish warmblood...
Archiv Tierzucht 54 (2011) 4, 327-337, ISSN 0003-9438 © Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany Genetic variability of traits recorded during 100-day stationary performance test and inbreeding level in Polish warmblood stallions Alicja Borowska1, Anna Wolc1,2 and Tomasz Szwaczkowski1 Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland, 2Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, USA Abstract The objectives of
http://abstract.xlibx.info/as-biology/3043057-1-genetic-variability-traits-recorded-during-100-day-stationary-perf.php
Inbreeding of Wildcats - PoCInbreeding of Wildcats - PoC
for the period the animal survives] for PVAs are typically 20, 50, 100, 200, or sometimes 1000 years.. MVP estimates may also be derived from population censuses or genetic analyses. Genetic analyses typically involve the estimation of loss of genetic diversity and fitness and projection to extinction. Some studies indicate that inbreeding depression alone can lead to extinction, even among wild populations. Thus, when considering the viability of a given population, one should consider whether the population is large enough to avoid inbreeding depression, if there is sufficient genetic diversity for adaptive change to occur, and if the population is large enough to avoid accumulating new deleterious mutations.. ….Estimates of the population numbers required to overcome these effects (effective population or Ne) are 50 to avoid inbreeding depression, 500-5000 to retain evolutionary potential, and 12 to 1000 to avoid the accumulation of deleterious mutations…. An Ne of 50 is required to ...
https://pictures-of-cats.org/Inbreeding-of-Wildcats.html
Bizarre insect inbreeding signals an end to males: News tips from the American ... ( Bizarre insect inbreeding signals an...)Bizarre insect inbreeding signals an end to males: News tips from the American ... ( Bizarre insect inbreeding signals an...)
... Bizarre insect inbreeding signals an end to males ...A bizarre form of inbreeding could spell the end of males in one insec...Andy Gardner and Laura Ross The Evolution of Hermaphroditism by an I... ...,Bizarre,insect,inbreeding,signals,an,end,to,males:,News,tips,from,the,American,Naturalist,biological,biology news articles,biology news today,latest biology news,current biology news,biology newsletters
http://www.bio-medicine.org/biology-news-1/Bizarre-insect-inbreeding-signals-an-end-to-males-3A-News-tips-from-the-American-Naturalist-20533-1/
Reproductive isolation and inbreeding (Page 1) - Evolution - Ask a Biologist Q&AReproductive isolation and inbreeding (Page 1) - Evolution - Ask a Biologist Q&A
The answer is indeed different for different animals so hard to answer this in any quantitative way. However, in basic terms inbreeding (mating among relatives) is more likely to occur as populations become smaller and more fragmented (with reduced dispersal among sub-populations). Often, but not always, inbreeding results in inbreeding depression which is a loss of evolutionary fitness (i.e. higher mortality risk and/or lower reproductive output). This happens because recessive deleterious alleles are more likely to come together in the homozygous state (so that the deleterious effecs are felt) in the offspring of related parents. The amount of inbreedfing depression in a population is therefore dependent on 1) the amount of inbreeding and 2) the load of deleterious mutations in the population. Both of these factors vary a lot among different animal populations.. ...
http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?pid=32026
Reproductive isolation and inbreeding (Page 1) - Evolution - Ask a Biologist Q&AReproductive isolation and inbreeding (Page 1) - Evolution - Ask a Biologist Q&A
The answer is indeed different for different animals so hard to answer this in any quantitative way. However, in basic terms inbreeding (mating among relatives) is more likely to occur as populations become smaller and more fragmented (with reduced dispersal among sub-populations). Often, but not always, inbreeding results in inbreeding depression which is a loss of evolutionary fitness (i.e. higher mortality risk and/or lower reproductive output). This happens because recessive deleterious alleles are more likely to come together in the homozygous state (so that the deleterious effecs are felt) in the offspring of related parents. The amount of inbreedfing depression in a population is therefore dependent on 1) the amount of inbreeding and 2) the load of deleterious mutations in the population. Both of these factors vary a lot among different animal populations.. ...
http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?pid=31993
inbreeding facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about inbreeding
Get information, facts, and pictures about inbreeding at Encyclopedia.com. Make research projects and school reports about inbreeding easy with credible articles from our FREE, online encyclopedia and dictionary.
https://www.encyclopedia.com/science-and-technology/biology-and-genetics/genetics-and-genetic-engineering/inbreeding
Is there inbreeding in the animal world? | GreenAnswers
Yes. Scientists have observed inbreeding in animal species in the wild. This has been observed in mammal, insect and bird species. The effects of inbreeding are quite negative for the animals that engage in it (poor health of newborns, low survival rates) so it is not often observed (and thus it has been difficult to demonstrate the negative effects) in the wild, but it has been done. ...
http://greenanswers.com/question/there-inbreeding-animal-world/
How does inbreeding avoidance evolve in plants? | Newsroom - McGill UniversityHow does inbreeding avoidance evolve in plants? | Newsroom - McGill University
Case study of Leavenworthia suggests that loss of complex traits may be reversed. Many flowering plants are able to recognize and reject their own pollen, thereby preventing inbreeding despite the plants hermaphroditic nature. This mechanism is a complex trait that involves the interaction of a gene that tags the pollen with an identifier molecule, and a gene that produces a molecule capable of detecting pollen produced by the same plant. Evolutionary biologists have often argued that once complex traits are lost, they are seldom regained. But a new study, led by biologists at McGill University and published in the journal PLOS Biology, suggests that this may not be the case for self-pollen recognition. In the evolutionary lineage leading to the genus Leavenworthia (a plant group related to canola and cole crops such as broccoli and cabbage), the ancestral genes that code for self-pollen recognition were lost. But the self-pollen recognition function in Leavenworthia appears to have been taken up by
https://www.mcgill.ca/newsroom/channels/news/how-does-inbreeding-avoidance-evolve-plants-227055
Estimating relatedness and inbreeding using molecular markers and pedigrees: the effect of demographic history - Robinson -...Estimating relatedness and inbreeding using molecular markers and pedigrees: the effect of demographic history - Robinson -...
Estimates of inbreeding and relatedness are commonly calculated using molecular markers, although the accuracy of such estimates has been questioned. As a further complication, in many situations, such estimates are required in populations with reduced genetic diversity, which is likely to affect their accuracy. We investigated the correlation between microsatellite- and pedigree-based coefficients of inbreeding and relatedness in laboratory populations of Drosophila melanogaster that had passed through bottlenecks to manipulate their genetic diversity. We also used simulations to predict expected correlations between marker- and pedigree-based estimates and to investigate the influence of linkage between loci and null alleles. Our empirical data showed lower correlations between marker- and pedigree-based estimates in our control (nonbottleneck) population than were predicted by our simulations or those found in similar studies. Correlations were weaker in bottleneck populations, confirming ...
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/mec.12529/abstract
Terriermans Daily Dose: Darwins Little Lesson on InbreedingTerriermans Daily Dose: Darwins Little Lesson on Inbreeding
When two individuals mate, genetic material from both parents is passed on to the progeny. So even if one parent carries a harmful recessive trait, the other parent is likely to have a healthier version, which will manifest itself in the offspring. If both parents, however, carry a recessive allele-which is more likely to happen if they share much of their genetic material, as close relatives do-then they raise the chances that their child will have only the bad genes ...
https://terriermandotcom.blogspot.com/2010/05/darwins-little-lesson-on-inbreeding.html
Genetic purging - WikipediaGenetic purging - Wikipedia
When a previously stable population undergoes inbreeding, if nothing else changes, natural selection should consist mainly of purging. The joint consequences of inbreeding and purging on fitness vary depending on many factors: the previous history of the population, the rate of increase of inbreeding, the harshness of the environment or of the competitive conditions, etc. The effects of purging were first noted by Darwin[10] in plants, and have been detected in laboratory experiments and in vertebrate populations undergoing inbreeding in zoos or in the wild, as well as in humans.[11] The detection of purging is often obscured by many factors, but there is consistent evidence that, in agreement with the predictions explained above, slow inbreeding results in more efficient purging, so that a given inbreeding F leads to less threat to population viability if it has been produced more slowly.[12] Nevertheless, in practical situations, the genetic change in fitness also depends on many other ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_purging
Breeding Matters III - Inbreeding vs. Line Breeding - On PastureBreeding Matters III - Inbreeding vs. Line Breeding - On Pasture
In line-breeding the idea is to always keep the amount that any one animal contributes to the DNA of any descendent at or below 50%. With inbreeding you regularly will find a higher degree of influence. For instance, a sire/daughter mating will result in an offspring which carries 75% of its DNA from the sire and only 25% from the maternal dam. Interestingly, before the advent of genetic testing for recessive traits the only way to statistically ensure genetic purity of a bull/ram/buck etc. was to breed that bull to 35 of his own daughters concurrently. If no genetic defects show up in any of the offspring, the bull is 99.7% likely to be genetic defect free.. In any case, mating two full siblings together does not qualify as inbreeding because the level of influence any one of the grandparents exercises is still only 50% on the individual resultant calf from that full-sib mating.. In conversation with Dr. tatiana Stanton (yes, she spells her given name entirely in lower case) from Cornell ...
https://onpasture.com/2014/10/20/breeding-matters-iii-inbreeding-vs-line-breeding/
Question: What is considered inbreeding? (2020)Question: What is considered inbreeding? (2020)
ANSWER: Inbreeding is the production of offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically. Inbreeding results in homozygosity, which can increase the chances of offspring being affected by deleterious or recessive traits.
https://thedogvisitor.com/qa/what-is-considered-inbreeding
SearchSearch
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping tools, which can analyse thousands of SNPs covering the whole genome, have opened new opportunities to estimate the inbreeding level of animals directly using genome information. One of the most commonly used genomic inbreeding measures considers the proportion of the autosomal genome covered by runs of homozygosity (ROH), which are defined as continuous and uninterrupted chromosome portions showing homozygosity at all loci. In this study, we analysed the distribution of ROH in three commercial pig breeds (Italian Large White, n = 1968; Italian Duroc, n = 573; and Italian Landrace, n = 46) and four autochthonous breeds (Apulo-Calabrese, n = 90; Casertana, n = 90; Cinta Senese, n = 38; and Nero Siciliano, n = 48) raised in Italy, using SNP data generated from Illumina PorcineSNP60 BeadChip. We calculated ROH-based inbreeding coefficients (FROH) using ROH of different minimum length (1, 2, 4, 8, 16 Mbp) and compared them with several other genomic ...
http://core-cms.prod.aop.cambridge.org/core/search?filters%5BauthorTerms%5D=M.%20Gallo&eventCode=SE-AU
A birds eye view of a deleterious recessive alleleA birds eye view of a deleterious recessive allele
In Focus: Trask, A.E., Bignal, E.M., McCracken, D.I., Monaghan, P., Piertney, S.B. & Reid, J.M. (2016) Evidence of the phenotypic expression of a lethal recessive allele under inbreeding in a wild population of conservation concern. Journal of Animal Ecology, 85, 879-891. In this issue of Journal of Animal Ecology, Trask etal. () report on a strange, lethal, blindness that regularly affects chicks of an endangered bird population. The authors show that the inheritance mode of this blindness disease precisely matches the expectations of a recessive deleterious mutation. Intriguingly, there is also an indication that the disease-causing variant might be maintained in the population by balancing selection, due to a selective advantage for heterozygotes. Could this finding have consequences for conservation actions implemented for the population?. ...
http://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:950278
The inbreeding influence on Hucul mares reproduction results | Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW.
The Hucul horses, native breed of Carpathians, are valued for their strongly consolidated features, like high fertility, fecundity and foaling rate. The relation between the inbred and the reproduction results of Hucul mares was analyzed using two-way ANOVA and one-way ANOVA with regression. The inbreeding level is negatively correlated with fertility and fecundity. Increase of inbred level of 1% causes loss of 0.98% fertility and loss of 1.03% fecundity.
http://annals-wuls.sggw.pl/?q=node/574
Inbreeding brought down Spains powerful dynasty | world | Hindustan TimesInbreeding brought down Spains powerful dynasty | world | Hindustan Times
Rare inherited genetic disorders worsened by repeated inbreeding may have brought down the powerful Spanish Habsburg dynasty, Spanish researchers said.
http://www.hindustantimes.com/world/inbreeding-brought-down-spain-s-powerful-dynasty/story-MPuYYFiqnidpF0BJAHxObL.html
Variance component analysis of growth and production traits in Vanaraja male line chickens using animal modelVariance component analysis of growth and production traits in Vanaraja male line chickens using animal model
The body weight (BW) and shank length (SL) varied significantly (p≤0.01) among the generations, hatches and sexes. The least squares mean of SL at six weeks, the primary trait was 77.44±0.05 mm. All the production traits, viz., BWs, age at sexual maturity, egg production (EP) and egg weight were significantly influenced by generation. Model four with additive, maternal permanent environmental and residual effects was the best model for juvenile growth traits, except for zero-day BW. The heritability estimates for BW and SL at six weeks (SL6) were 0.20±0.03 and 0.17±0.03, respectively. The BV of SL6 in the population increased linearly from 0.03 to 3.62 mm due to selection. Genetic trend was significant (p≤0.05) for SL6, BW6, and production traits. The average genetic gain of EP40 for each generation was significant (p≤0.05) with an average increase of 0.38 eggs per generation. The average inbreeding coefficient was 0.02 in PD-1 line ...
https://www.animbiosci.org/journal/view.php?number=24502
Minnesota Supercomputing InstituteMinnesota Supercomputing Institute
Breeding systems have a dramatic impact on the effectiveness of recombination within plant and animal populations. Parametric estimates of recombination rate in the self-fertilizing species Hordeum vulgare (barley) suggest that a history of inbreeding in the species has not dramatically reduced the amount of recombination or extent of linkage disequilibrium in the species relative to that observed in many outcrossing plant species. The limited impact of inbreeding may result from a relatively recent transition to self-fertilization in barley. By comparing resequencing data in Hordeum bulbosum, a self-incompatible species that is the closest living relative of barley, these researchers hope to determine the likely ancestral levels of recombinational diversity within the lineage. Using resequencing data to estimate both a potential ancestral recombination rate and the divergence time between H. bulbosum and H. vulgare, it will be possible to estimate the transition time of transition to ...
https://www.msi.umn.edu/about/publications/annualreport/AR2009-10/abstracts/MorrellPL.html
Browsing Livestock Feeders Day, 1964 by Subject InbreedingBrowsing Livestock Feeders Day, 1964 by Subject Inbreeding
The purebred Shorthorn beef cattle breeding project was continued during 1963 without modification. Inbreeding was continued in the two separate lines, which have remained closed to outside breeding since the study was ...
http://krex.k-state.edu/dspace/handle/2097/8412/browse?value=Inbreeding&type=subject
De Braekeleer, M. (1995). Inbreeding, kinship and surnames in hereditary disorders The experience in Sague-nay-Lac-Saint-Jean ...De Braekeleer, M. (1995). Inbreeding, kinship and surnames in hereditary disorders The experience in Sague-nay-Lac-Saint-Jean ...
De Braekeleer, M. (1995). Inbreeding, kinship and surnames in hereditary disorders The experience in Sague-nay-Lac-Saint-Jean (Quebec). Collegium Antropologicum, 19, 289-304.
http://www.scirp.org/reference/ReferencesPapers.aspx?ReferenceID=542036
Biology-Online • View topic - InbreedingBiology-Online • View topic - Inbreeding
A genetic change that affects the coded protein (most changes are pretty neutral) is more likely to harm its effectiveness than enhance it. Such changed alleles are recessive, covered up when paired with codes that still produce good working proteins, and random, but passing down a family line. Inbreeding can put together 2 bad recessives - thats why its bad ...
http://www.biology-online.org/biology-forum/post-144909.html
Inbreeding | West HunterInbreeding | West Hunter
It has long been known that inbreeding is bad for you. A new paper in Nature (Directional dominance on stature and cognition in diverse human populations) finally gives us a good quantitative estimate of just how bad it is. They find that the offspring of first cousins suffer an average reduction of 1.2 cm in…
https://westhunt.wordpress.com/2015/07/03/inbreeding/?replytocom=70642
Re: I know that inbreeding causes deformation, but with humans.............Re: I know that inbreeding causes deformation, but with humans.............
Wow Michael, what a question! In order to answer this, we will have to first look at your underlying assuption that inbreeding causes deformation. What you are talking about when you say deformation is really a physical defect that results from a genetic defect. This occurs when a person has inherited two defective copies of a particular gene, one from each of the parents, and as a result that gene does not do what it is supposed to do. In extreme cases, babies can be born with obvious physical deformities, but in many cases, the resulting defects are subtle. Remember, in most cases, genetic defects only result in physical defects when a person has inherited two copies of the defective gene. Because the effect of a single defective copy can remain hidden, these are called recessive genes, and people who have a single defective copy are often called carriers of the disease. So, if the actual cause of a physical defect is often the inheritance of two defective copies of a gene, what does ...
http://www.madsci.org/posts/archives/oct99/940037873.Cb.r.html
Appalachias Blue Family: bodies discolored by generations of inbreedingAppalachias Blue Family: bodies discolored by generations of inbreeding
Talk about blue in the face... Extraordinary story of Appalachias Blue Family whose bodies were discoloured after generations of inbreeding (Daily Mail) And just when was this phenomenon first noticed by the world beyond the familys isolated area? medical explanations, with pictures, at link above
http://www.websleuths.com/forums/showthread.php?163115-Appalachia-s-quot-Blue-Family-quot-bodies-discolored-by-generations-of-inbreeding
What are the chances of inbreeding? | Naked Science ForumWhat are the chances of inbreeding? | Naked Science Forum
Some animals (such as wolves, lions & elephants) prevent the chance of inbreeding by chasing off the young males as they near maturity, though this may not p...
https://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/index.php?topic=47599.0
JYX - Inbreeding rate modifies the dynamics of genetic load in small populations (full record)JYX - Inbreeding rate modifies the dynamics of genetic load in small populations (full record)
The negative fitness consequences of close inbreeding are widely recognized, but predicting the long-term effects of inbreeding and genetic drift due to limited population size is not straightforward. As the frequency and homozygosity of recessive deleterious alleles increase, selection can remove (purge) them from a population, reducing the genetic load. At the same time, small population size relaxes selection against mildly harmful mutations, which may lead to accumulation of genetic load. The efficiency of purging and the accumulation of mutations both depend on the rate of inbreeding (i.e., population size) and on the nature of mutations. We studied how increasing levels of inbreeding affect offspring production and extinction in experimental Drosophila littoralis populations replicated in two sizes, N = 10 and N = 40. Offspring production and extinction were measured over 25 generations concurrently with a large control population. In the N = 10 populations, offspring production decreased ...
https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/57185?show=full
Coefficient of inbreeding | definition of coefficient of inbreeding by Medical dictionaryCoefficient of inbreeding | definition of coefficient of inbreeding by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of coefficient of inbreeding in the Medical Dictionary? coefficient of inbreeding explanation free. What is coefficient of inbreeding? Meaning of coefficient of inbreeding medical term. What does coefficient of inbreeding mean?
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/coefficient+of+inbreeding
Assessment of the Inbreeding Effect on Y-STR Profiles in the Lebanese PopulationAssessment of the Inbreeding Effect on Y-STR Profiles in the Lebanese Population
Y-STR profiling is gaining interest in forensic investigations. However, differentiation resulting from genetic stratification by genetic relatedness could be very pronou..
https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/assessment-of-the-inbreeding-effect-on-ystr-profiles-in-the-lebanese-population-111324.html
Wind- and bird-mediated gene flow in Pinus cembra: effects on spatial genetic structure and potential close-relative inbreeding...Wind- and bird-mediated gene flow in Pinus cembra: effects on spatial genetic structure and potential close-relative inbreeding...
This study investigates the effects of seed dispersal through the European nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes) on the genetic structure of Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra). The corvid bird deposits several thousands of stone pine seeds annually in the soil as a future food resource. Since not all caches are recovered, this bird behaviour often leads to the establishment of Swiss stone pine seedlings. The combination of wind pollination with this bird-mediated seed dispersal can be expected to greatly shape the spatial distribution of genotypes and the genetic diversity within and among Swiss stone pine populations. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate gene flow patterns, together with their effects on spatial genetic structure (SGS) and, thus, inbreeding probabilities in an exemplary P. cembra population. Furthermore, potential effects of inbreeding on offspring fitness were analysed, hypothesizing that rates of inbreeding and subsequent cumulative inbreeding depression are higher in ...
https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/56172/
The Relation between Canine Hip Dysplasia, Genetic Diversity and Inbreeding by BreedThe Relation between Canine Hip Dysplasia, Genetic Diversity and Inbreeding by Breed
1. Introduction. A high degree of inbreeding increases the probability of homozygosity of recessive genes, and enhances the risk of hereditary diseases coming to expression. Inbreeding decreases the genetic diversity, and the degree of inbreeding will increase from one generation to the next if genetic diversity is low. However, information is lacking as to the degree of inbreeding that is still safe for healthy breeding.. Canine hip dysplasia (CHD) is related to single nucleotide polymorphisms in a relatively large number of quantitative trait loci [1] . This genetic trait may cause degenerative join disease through multifactorial mechanisms, including inflammation, oxidative overload and, probably, epigenetic changes [2] . It would be expected that the prevalence of CHD by breed should increase if genetic diversity is low, and the degree of inbreeding is high. However, this assumption was challenged by generation studies in Golden retrievers [3] [4] and by [5] reporting the prevalence of CHD ...
http://file.scirp.org/Html/1-2280153_45804.htm
Breeding Sibling Butterflies - InbreedingBreeding Sibling Butterflies - Inbreeding
Inbreeding butterflies - a problem for butterfly enthusiasts? It is totally safe to breed sibling butterflies together for a couple of generations. The genetic diversity is great. Although continuing to breed siblings for quite a few generations in a row could lead to serious problems, a couple of generations is fine. If you want to know more of the details of why it is fine, read on!. Quite often enthusiasts gather eggs that are laid by one female (or assumed to be laid by one female). The question is often asked whether breeding the offspring together (siblings) is dangerous for the offspring. Will there be inbreeding problems? Inbreeding often causes unusual traits to occur when both the male and female parent passes a recessive gene to their offspring. Some recessive genes are delightful and do not cause damage or weakness to the offspring. Other recessive genes are deadly, causing death. {Although this paragraph doesnt answer the question, we do want to point out that in the wild, eggs ...
http://www.butterfly-fun-facts.com/raising-butterflies/breeding-sibling-butterflies-inbreeding/
Informativeness of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Relationships among Onion Populations from Important World Production...
Five randomly selected plants from each of 14 OP onion populations and two plants from A. vavilovii, and pooled DNA from seedlings of DH CU066619 were genotyped for 1692 SNPs. For the OP populations, a sample size of five plants should reveal alleles with frequencies greater than 0.25 at the 95% confidence level (Mansur et al., 1990). Two SNPs were heterozygous in DH CU066619 and were eliminated from analyses because they cannot be allelic. Of the remaining 1690 SNPs, 378 were discarded because of frequently missing genotypes and 86 discarded because they were monomorphic across all DNAs. The remaining 1226 SNPs provided genotypes across all populations (Supplemental Table 2). Overall heterozygosity averaged across the 14 OP populations was relatively low at 23.5% (Table 1). Onion shows significant inbreeding depression (Jones and Davis, 1944) and populations are generally considered to be highly heterozygous. McCallum et al. (2008) genotyped simple sequence repeats (SSRs) using bulked DNA from ...
https://journals.ashs.org/jashs/view/journals/jashs/143/1/article-p34.xml
Maternal heterozygosity and progeny fitness association in an inbred Scots pine populationMaternal heterozygosity and progeny fitness association in an inbred Scots pine population
Associations between heterozygosity and fitness traits have typically been investigated in populations characterized by low levels of inbreeding. We investigated the associations between standardized multilocus heterozygosity (stMLH) in mother trees (obtained from12 nuclear microsatellite markers) and five fitness traits measured in progenies from an inbred Scots pine population. The traits studied were proportion of sound seed, mean seed weight, germination rate, mean family height of one-year old seedlings under greenhouse conditions (GH) and mean family height of three-year old seedlings under field conditions (FH). The relatively high average inbreeding coefficient (F) in the population under study corresponds to a mixture of trees with different levels of co-ancestry, potentially resulting from a recent bottleneck. We used both frequentist and Bayesian methods of polynomial regression to investigate the presence of linear and non-linear relations between stMLH and each of the fitness ...
http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?dswid=-9113&pid=diva2%3A617846&c=1&searchType=SIMPLE&language=en&query=&af=%5B%5D&aq=%5B%5B%7B%22categoryId%22%3A%2211557%22%7D%5D%5D&aq2=%5B%5B%5D%5D&aqe=%5B%5D&noOfRows=50&sortOrder=author_sort_asc&onlyFullText=false&sf=all
Differential effects of inbreeding and selection on male reproductive phenotype associated with the colonization and laboratory...Differential effects of inbreeding and selection on male reproductive phenotype associated with the colonization and laboratory...
Effective mating between laboratory-reared males and wild females is paramount to the success of vector control strategies aiming to decrease disease transmission via the release of sterile or genetically modified male mosquitoes. However mosquito colonization and laboratory maintenance have the potential to negatively affect male genotypic and phenotypic quality through inbreeding and selection, which in turn can decrease male mating competitiveness in the field. To date, very little is known about the impact of those evolutionary forces on the reproductive biology of mosquito colonies and how they ultimately affect male reproductive fitness. Here several male reproductive physiological traits likely to be affected by inbreeding and selection following colonization and laboratory rearing were examined. Sperm length, and accessory gland and testes size were compared in male progeny from field-collected females and laboratory strains of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto colonized from one to over 25 years
https://malariajournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1475-2875-13-19/figures/4
Cultural Inbreeding | jjtalbo2002Cultural Inbreeding | jjtalbo2002
CULTURAL INBREEDING, the DEATH of SOCIETYS and NATIONS Incest/Inbreeding Taboos International Encyclopedia of Marriage and Family is quoted in this article The CULTural
https://jjtalbo2002.wordpress.com/2015/01/15/cultural-inbreeding/
A study of a mutation in Drosophila melanogaster. A systematic study of the leeches of western CanadaA study of a mutation in Drosophila melanogaster. A systematic study of the leeches of western Canada
Drosophila, melanogaster, commonly known as the fruit or vinegar fly, has been used in various biological experiments since 1905 when Carpenter studied its reactions to light, to gravity, and to agitation. In 1906 Castle, Carpenter, Clark, Mast and Burrows published the results of their investigations on the effect of inbreeding. Their work showed that there is no decrease in the fertility of an individual as a result of close inbreeding. In 1907 Lutz reported that the result of some observations on the inheritance of a wing-vein modification. In 1910-11 a paper by Delcourt and Guyenet appeared which dealt with the effect of food conditions on Drosophila. The question of the effect of inbreeding on fertility was also studied by Moenkhaus. He also made observations on the variations of the sex-ratio in relation to selection. This work was published in 1911. The work then, up to this time, had practically all been of a non-genetical nature for the value of D. melanogaster for genetic work had not ...
https://mspace.lib.umanitoba.ca/xmlui/handle/1993/4636
When does female multiple mating evolve to adjust inbreeding? : Effects of inbreeding depression, direct costs, mating...When does female multiple mating evolve to adjust inbreeding? : Effects of inbreeding depression, direct costs, mating...
2016 The Author(s). Evolution published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Society for the Study of Evolution. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 ...
http://aura.abdn.ac.uk/handle/2164/7359
Image libraryImage library
The offspring resulting from inbreeding tend to have health problems and lower reproductive success. This is known as inbreeding depression. Inbreeding depression occurs because of a quirk of natural selection and genetics. As natural selection acts on a population, it weeds out genes that have disadvantageous effects, but it can only weed out these genes if they are actually expressed in an individual. For dominant gene versions, thats no problem. Individuals carrying dominant genes with a detrimental effect will be selected against, and eventually, these genes will be purged from the population. For recessive gene versions, however, the story is a bit different. Recessive genes are only expressed when an individual carries two copies of them. Once natural selection has removed most of the detrimental recessive genes from a population, these seldom wind up paired with an identical copy and are effectively hidden from the effects of natural selection. This means that most populations carry many ...
https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/search/imagelibrary.php?id%3D271%26topic_id%3D%26keywords%3D
Dienekes Anthropology Blog: Inbreeding and cognitive abilityDienekes Anthropology Blog: Inbreeding and cognitive ability
Our results show that within a representative UK population sample there was a weak nominally significant association between burden of autosomal runs of homozygosity and higher non-verbal cognitive ability. This nominal association with increased cognitive ability is counterintuitive when compared with the results from more extreme inbreeding based on pedigree information.1, 2, 3 A potential explanation for this direction of effect is that individuals with higher cognitive ability might show greater positive assortative mating, which would lead to increased homozygosity at loci for higher cognitive ability in their offspring. However, in a separate sample we showed that greater positive assortative mating was not associated with higher cognitive ability. While these findings seem to provide clear evidence against this hypothesis, it is possible that the genome-wide genetic findings reflect historical mating habits that no longer exist today. It should also be noted that there was a reduction in ...
http://dienekes.blogspot.com/2013/07/inbreeding-and-cognitive-ability.html?showComment=1374111272070
The role of inbreeding in the extinction of the Spanish Habsburg dynastyThe role of inbreeding in the extinction of the Spanish Habsburg dynasty
The powerful Habsburg dynasty ruled Spain and its empire from 1516 to 1700 but when King Charles II died in 1700 without any children from his two marriages, the male line died out and the French Bourbon dynasty came to power in Spain. Reporting in the open-access, peer-reviewed journal PLoS ONE, April 15, Gonzalo Alvarez and colleagues at the University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain, provide genetic evidence to support the historical evidence that the high frequency of inbreeding (mating between closely related individuals) within the dynasty was a major cause for the extinction of its male line.
https://phys.org/news/2009-04-role-inbreeding-extinction-spanish-habsburg.html
inbreeding
I have found out I am actually from West Virginia. Ok, I am just joking.. I knew that my family had a history of marriages among relatives. After all I have only 10 great-great-grandparents instead of the usual 16. With my genome in hand, I set about to quantify the inbreeding.. First, I used David Pikes Homozygosity tool. It analyzes your genome to find significant runs where the same haplotype is inherited from both parents. Large portions of the human genome are like that. The length of these homozygous regions, however, varies depending on the relation of your parents. If your parents are closely related (first cousins in my case), then you will have longer runs. If your parents are distantly related, then over the generations those genes have had a chance to recombine and so you will have shorter runs that are homozygous.. Overall, the percentage of my autosomal (i.e. on chromosomes 1-22) SNPs that are homozygous is 71.767 and I have 41 runs of homozygosity (ROH) of length at least 200. ...
http://www.zackvision.com/weblog/tag/inbreeding/
Mountain Gorillas and Inbreeding: The Path to Extinction or Salvation? : Animals : Nature World NewsMountain Gorillas and Inbreeding: The Path to Extinction or Salvation? : Animals : Nature World News
Mountain gorillas are currently suffering from a serious inbreeding problem, and while scientists everywhere worry that this will lead them down the path to extinction, one new genetic study says that it might in fact be their salvation.
http://www.natureworldnews.com/articles/13986/20150410/mountain-gorillas-and-inbreeding-the-path-to-extinction-or-salvation.htm
Neanderthal genome shows high levels of inbreeding - StormfrontNeanderthal genome shows high levels of inbreeding - Stormfront
Neanderthal genome shows high levels of inbreeding | I ****ing Love Science ...Grandparent and grandchild? Do I even want to know?! Ewwwwwwww...
https://www.stormfront.org/forum/t1013975/
Wild mongooses avoid inbreeding with unusual reproductive strategyWild mongooses avoid inbreeding with unusual reproductive strategy
Researchers studying banded mongooses in Uganda have discovered that these small mammals are able to discriminate between relatives and non-relatives to avoid inbreeding even when mating within their own closely related social group.
https://phys.org/news/2015-06-wild-mongooses-inbreeding-unusual-reproductive.html
Inbreeding with coturnix quail. | BackYard ChickensInbreeding with coturnix quail. | BackYard Chickens
Unintentionally hijacked another thread when I mentioned inbreeding so thought I had better start my own. Had two opposite opinions on whether or not...
https://www.backyardchickens.com/threads/inbreeding-with-coturnix-quail.1051691/
Danish zoo puts down healthy giraffe to avoid inbreeding | kplr11.comDanish zoo puts down healthy giraffe to avoid inbreeding | kplr11.com
(CNN) -- An online petition to save a healthy young giraffe from death has failed, despite thousands of signatures.Copenhagen Zoo said it was putting down the male, named Marius, on Sunday because of a duty to avoid inbreeding.
http://kplr11.com/2014/02/09/danish-zoo-puts-down-healthy-giraffe-to-avoid-inbreeding/
Genetic Testing for Inbreeding Rabbits?Genetic Testing for Inbreeding Rabbits?
Inbreeding Rabbits Its Just Darn Bad Luck... My bun of love, Slurpee passed away from sudden bloat. It was a horrible 20 hours in the animal hospital.
http://www.justrabbits.com/genetic-testing-for-inbreeding-rabbits.html
Dark Side of InbreedingDark Side of Inbreeding
Quality Traditional and Parti Yorkshire Terriers - Dark Side of Inbreeding - Parti Yorkies and Traditional Color Champion bred yorkies For Sale
http://www.snowblueyorkies.com/darksideofinbreeding.htm
Mass Selection | Definition of Mass Selection by Merriam-WebsterMass Selection | Definition of Mass Selection by Merriam-Webster
Mass selection definition is - selection as breeding stock of those members of a population exhibiting desirable qualities or elimination of those showing undesirable qualities : phenotypic selection.
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mass%20selection
Leherensuge: Interfertile seal species retain different gene pools in spite of hybridationLeherensuge: Interfertile seal species retain different gene pools in spite of hybridation
On the other hand single alleles would have spread randomly beyond the region of inbreeding. And the mutation may not even have originated in that region to start with. So, if the inbred population with the advantageous double allele were able to form hybrids with another population containing members with the single allele then the alleles expansion could become rapid. Especially considering that those with the double recessive allele would now have restored hybrid vigour. The population with restored hybrid vigour that carried the advantageous allele would be the one that expanded. Not the original inbred population. Presumably this method of allele expansion is a reasonably common pheneomenon. It certainly seems to explain our evolution right back to, and even beyond, Australopithecus. So hybrid vigour is just as important as inbreeding. ...
http://leherensuge.blogspot.com/2010/05/interfertile-seal-species-retain.html
KINGS-RANSOM B RUBLEKINGS-RANSOM B RUBLE
Inbreeding, and more importantly its consequences, has long been a concern of breeders as it reduces production, lowers fertility, results in more stillbirths and leads to fewer days in the herd. When genomics was first introduced, the theory was that it could help limit the amount of inbreeding in Holsteins. In reality it has done the exact opposite. Research indicates that relationships within respective breeds could be accelerating even faster since genomics introduction five years ago and there is also evidence that genetic diversity, another factor of inbreeding, is shrinking.. When you look at the sires of the top 100 genomic young sires lists, you notice a decent variety of sires with 30 bulls siring the top 100 sires. However, a pedigree analysis on only the paternal side reveals that 90 percent of the bulls either have Oman, Planet or Shottle represented as the sire or grandsire. The remaining 10 bulls represent genetic diversity. However, the list needs further refining because 3 of ...
http://www.thebullvine.com/tag/kings-ransom-b-ruble/
Musings of a Biologist and Dog Lover: November 2011
One advantage, I will say, that goes along with breeding for a dominant phenotype is there is little to no inbreeding required to get the gene to be fairly consistent. In contrast, the easiest way to get a recessive gene to be consistently produced is very heavy inbreeding. For example, if there is a single dog that appears with a recessively inherited color that a breeder is interested in, and they are the only one of their kind, inbreeding is the only way to guarantee the reappearance of the gene. Lets say a female puppy is born who is an unusual color. As an experiment, shes bred to a male and all of the puppies dont look like her. This means the trait is recessive, and all of the puppies are guaranteed to be carriers. Breeding two of them together would lead to a litter that would likely contain 25% homozygous recessive puppies. If two of those recessive phenotype puppies happen to be opposite genders, then breeding them together would produce an entire litter of recessives! Or, if only a ...
http://musingsofabiologistanddoglover.blogspot.jp/2011/11/
Publication : USDA ARSPublication : USDA ARS
Interpretive Summary: Technical Abstract: The goat is adapted to most of the environmental conditions found around the world. The species has evolved to be tolerant to diseases, productive in tropical or arid regions, and culturally and economically important in developing countries. Characterization of these genetic adaptations and development of SNP-based tools for genetic improvement in indigenous goats requires a high quality reference genome sequence. Male goats from breeds or populations expected to have a high level of inbreeding were screened with the Illumina GoatSNP50. Fifteen male goats from four breeds (San Clemente, Boer, Myotonic, Kiko) were evaluated for genomic coefficients of inbreeding (FROH) using runs of homozygosity. This analysis identified Papadom, a San Clemente buck, as the most inbred male goat for deep sequencing (FROH=0.46). Paired end reads from long (5 and 20 kb) and short (300 and 500 bp) insert libraries and single end shotgun reads are being sequenced using ...
https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=289043
Science Sisters: July 2012Science Sisters: July 2012
The Habsburgs learned about inbreeding the hard way. Centuries of marriages between close relatives in this Austrian-Spanish royal family led to mental illness, infertility, and the eventual extinction of the entire bloodline. For more than a hundred years, scientists have chalked up such problems to rare genetic mutations, which come to the fore only when related individuals breed. But a new study in plants indicates that its not just genes that lead to this so-called inbreeding depression; its also how these genes are switched on and off ...
http://sciencesisters.blogspot.com/2012_07_01_archive.html
MUTATIONAL MELTDOWN IN SELFING ARABIDOPSIS LYRATA - Research CollectionMUTATIONAL MELTDOWN IN SELFING ARABIDOPSIS LYRATA - Research Collection
Cost of selfing; Genetic drift; Heterosis; Inbreeding load; Plant mating; System evolution; Sexual reproduction; Sporophytic self-incompatibility ...
https://www.research-collection.ethz.ch/handle/20.500.11850/64866
Musings of a Biologist and Dog Lover: Dwarfism in Labradors: A Look at Genetic Disease and Inbreeding
For those not in the know, conservation biologists use something called the 50/500 Rule when assessing endangered species for extinction risk. At an effective population size of 500, there is concern that the species will not be able to maintain genetic diversity over a long period of time. At an effective population size of 50, the species is at immediate risk for extinction. Theyre circling the drain. Domestic animals have the advantage of veterinary care, but no owner in their right mind would prefer to have a sick pet. While the 50/500 Rule definitely doesnt bode well for the health of the aforementioned collie, the Labrador isnt in much better shape. When nearly one hundred thousand dogs have genetic variation equal to little more than one hundred individuals, there is a serious problem. For one thing, it makes it that much harder to avoid mating a certain dog to another that doesnt share a significant percentage of its genotype ...
http://musingsofabiologistanddoglover.blogspot.jp/2014/05/dwarfism-in-labradors-look-at-genetic.html
Systems and methods for using variable mass selection window widths in tandem mass spectrometry - DH Technologies Development...Systems and methods for using variable mass selection window widths in tandem mass spectrometry - DH Technologies Development...
Systems and methods are used to analyze a sample using variable mass selection window widths. A tandem mass spectrometer is instructed to perform at least two fragmentation scans of a sample with diff
http://www.freepatentsonline.com/9147562.html
Inbreeding and population structure studies in the New Zealand Angus breed : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the...Inbreeding and population structure studies in the New Zealand Angus breed : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the...
The breed structure and genetic history of the New Zealand pedigree Angus breed were analysed by Robertson and Askers (1951) modification of the Wright-McPhee (1925) pedigree sampling method. The pattern of the breed structure obtained is generally similar to that found in other studies, but it is both diffuse and dynamic owing to the present rapid expansion of the breed. There are changes taking place in the herd composition of the major breeders herds and many new herds have yet to find their level in the structure. Considerable emphasis has been placed on the use of imported animals in the development of the breed. Of all herds registering in Volume 61 of the herd book, 20.5% used imported sires, and the percentage of genes in the breed in 1966/67 derived from animals imported since 1863 was 85.4. The most important herd in 1969 has a genetic contribution to the breed of 21.9 per cent:, while the contributions of the four next most important herds were 8.72, 8.7, 4.7 and 3.7 per cent. In ...
https://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/4790
Population structure and genomic inbreeding in nine Swiss dairy cattle populations | SpringerLinkPopulation structure and genomic inbreeding in nine Swiss dairy cattle populations | SpringerLink
Background Domestication, breed formation and intensive selection have resulted in divergent cattle breeds that likely exhibit their own genomic signatures. In this study, we used genotypes from...
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12711-017-0358-6
a:\breeding.HTMa:\breeding.HTM
BREEDING: IN AND OUT IT GOES by Robert Frenz 25 November 2000 The process of reproduction requires hardly a shred of talent or intelligence. First there is the brainless erection followed by the search for an available orifice - usually by trial and error. This is why so many end up engaging sheep, llama, heifers, and even orifices not equipped for reproduction. If finding an orifice was an intellectual feat, then there wouldnt be so many perversions of such a simple act. Once the orifice is stuffed, a transient burst of whoopee follows and it isnt long before Mr. Sperm finds someplace to bury his head. Junior is on his way. Inbreeding is the breeding of that which is biologically similar. The paramount example of inbreeding would be between a lifeform and itself. As far as mammals are concerned, the closet biological combinations are brothers and sisters. I shall refrain from any discussion of incest, or forbidden marriages, as they are rooted in tradition and religious taboos. Also, I have ...
http://faem.com/edward/breeding.htm
Video of Putera Alam 05 (Inbreeding in Progress) | Serama Negeriâ„¢
Group Serama Negeri @ GSN breed high quality Serama birds in Malaysia. GSN is a club promoting the breeding and characteristics of Malaysian Serama. We can be reached at mobile +60129020416 (Ram) +60123600881 (Zan) (Dinend) + ...
http://www.seramanegeri.com/2012/06/video-of-putera-alam-05-inbreeding.html
China to tag pandas • The RegisterChina to tag pandas • The Register
China will tag all of its 163 captive pandas in an effort to better monitor the population and prevent inbreeding, Xinhua news agency has announced. According to an unnamed state forestry administration official, information about pedigree, age and other basic data will be permanently incorporated into the giant pandas by ways of molecular labeling or hypodermic implantation of sensing chips.. No further details are forthcoming, but we think that the RFID panda is a sound plan. Pandas are legendarily energetic and difficult to monitor - capable of bursts of speed of 0.001mph for up to three seconds. They will also, as we all know, take any opportunity to indulge in a quick bit of inbreeding.. The programme offers the additional benefit that should Wal-Mart decide to add pandas to its product roster, they are already tagged for stock control purposes. ®. ...
http://www.theregister.co.uk/2005/03/24/china_tags_pandas/
S alleles - oi
self-sterility genes). Genes that prevent self-fertilization by controlling the growth of the pollen tube, thus causing male sterility and preventing inbreeding depression in monoecious plants. Gametophytic tissue containing the same sterility allele as the sporophyte is discriminated against. ...
http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100438214
How Serious Is Inbreeding In Show Dogs? - Latest Science NewsHow Serious Is Inbreeding In Show Dogs? - Latest Science News
http://www.iflscience.com/sites/www.iflscience.com/files/styles/ifls_large/public/blog/%5Bnid%5D/mc76zgg5-1458217423.jpg?itok=7gbjkYYz http://www.scienceofwonder.org/how-serious-is-inbreeding-in-show-dogs/ A German shepherd with a sloping back that was awarded best of breed brought the dog show Crufts in for this years annual bout of criticism. Viewers took to social media to accuse the owner of animal cruelty by suggesting that its unusual shape meant the dog must suffer health problems brought on…
https://latestsciencenewsblog.wordpress.com/2016/09/01/how-serious-is-inbreeding-in-show-dogs/
Something From Some Unfamous Body: Evolution or Inbreeding?Something From Some Unfamous Body: Evolution or Inbreeding?
The authority on an authoritative amalgamation of sundry items (ie: contests, sweepstakes, instant win sites, email forwards, funny videos, winning money the easy way, becoming a better version of yourself, etc...) from my life to yours ...
http://somebodyunfamous.blogspot.com/2008/04/evolution-or-inbreeding.html
Welcome to Wei-Chiens Mosquito House - Effect of Inbreeding FactorWelcome to Wei-Chiens Mosquito House - Effect of Inbreeding Factor
CMSimple is a simple content management system for smart maintainance of small commercial or private sites. It is simple - small - smart!
http://www.biostat.jhsph.edu/~wehung/cmsimple3/?Effect_of_Inbreeding_Factor
KAKEN - Research Projects | INBREEDING IN APHID POPULATIONS AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND MORPHOLOGY (KAKENHI-PROJECT...KAKEN - Research Projects | INBREEDING IN APHID POPULATIONS AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND MORPHOLOGY (KAKENHI-PROJECT...
Principal Investigator：AKIMOTO Shin-ichi, Project Period (FY)：1998 - 1999, Research Category：Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Section：一般, Research Field：生態
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10640604/
Influences of inbreeding and gene... preview & related info | MendeleyInfluences of inbreeding and gene... preview & related info | Mendeley
(2002) Manning et al. Mammalian Genome. We measured telomere lengths of blood leukocytes in several inbred and outbred mammalian species, using a telomere-specific fluorescent probe and flow cytometry. Humans, non-human primates, and thr...
https://www.mendeley.com/research-papers/influences-inbreeding-genetics-telomere-length-mice/
A Biped Against Corruption: Inbreeding making NIPER Sick? Scam (NIPER PhD entrance 2011)A Biped Against Corruption: Inbreeding making NIPER Sick? Scam (NIPER PhD entrance 2011)
Alexander III of Macedon (20/21 July 356 - 10/11 June 323 BC), commonly known as Alexander the Great , was a Greek king of Macedon ...
http://bipedagainstcorruption.blogspot.com/2012/03/inbreeding-making-niper-sick-scam-niper.html
Detection of identity by descent using next-generation whole genome sequencing data | BMC Bioinformatics | Full TextDetection of identity by descent using next-generation whole genome sequencing data | BMC Bioinformatics | Full Text
The concept of identity by descent (IBD), which is used to indicate when alleles at a given locus in two individuals are inherited from a common ancestor, has played a fundamental role in many genetic studies. Analyses of IBD are commonly used in pedigree data for linkage mapping [1]. IBD also has many uses in population-based studies, including mapping disease genes [2, 3], estimating haplotypic phase [4] and inferring evolutionary history (e.g., natural selection and inbreeding depression) [5, 6]. More recently, IBD has been applied to analyzing gene expression in related or unrelated individuals [7]. Incorporating such information about shared genetic material between individuals in linkage/association analyses has been shown to improve statistical power for mapping disease genes in some studies [8-10].. The length of an IBD segment will depend on the number of generations between the individuals under study and their common ancestor, as IBD tracts are broken down by recombination events over ...
https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2105-13-121
Plant BreedingPlant Breeding
Bulk breeding the growing of genetically diverse populations of self-pollinated crops in a bulk plot with or without mass selection, generally followed by a single-plant selection it is a procedure for inbreeding a segregating population until the desired level of homozygosity is achieved the seeds to grow each generation is a sample of that harvested from plants of the previous generation it is usually used for the development of self-pollinated crops it is an easy way to maintain populations.... ...
https://www.grovida.us/plant-breeding-2/
InbreedingInbreeding
2006). "Selection and Inbreeding Depression: Effects of Inbreeding Rate and Inbreeding Environment". Evolution. 60 (5): 1014- ... Inbreeding also helps to ascertain the type of gene action affecting a trait. Inbreeding is also used to reveal deleterious ... The coefficient of inbreeding, or the degree of inbreeding in an individual, is an estimate of the percent of homozygous ... Inbreeding is a technique used in selective breeding. For example, in livestock breeding, breeders may use inbreeding when ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbreeding
Inbreeding depressionInbreeding depression
Close inbreeding reduces fitness through inbreeding depression, but some inbreeding brings benefits. Indeed, inbreeding " ... Inbreeding depression is the reduced biological fitness which has the potential to result from inbreeding (the breeding of ... Inbreeding may have both detrimental and beneficial effects. The biological effects of inbreeding depression in humans can on ... Humans do not seek to completely minimize inbreeding, but rather to maintain an optimal amount of inbreeding vs. outbreeding. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbreeding_depression
Inbreeding avoidanceInbreeding avoidance
Inbreeding can result in inbreeding depression, which is the reduction of fitness of a given population due to inbreeding. ... Inbreeding avoidance mechanisms have evolved in response to selection against inbred offspring. Inbreeding avoidance occurs in ... Therefore, a balance exists between inbreeding and inbreeding avoidance. This balance determines whether inbreeding mechanisms ... Inbreeding avoidance, or the inbreeding avoidance hypothesis, is a concept in evolutionary biology that refers to the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbreeding_avoidance
Intellectual inbreedingIntellectual inbreeding
... or academic inbreeding is the practice in academia of a university hiring its own graduates to be ... Intellectual inbreeding is thought to hinder the introduction of ideas from outside sources, just as genetic inbreeding hinders ... The Making of an Economist - Intellectual Inbreeding (CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown, Academic terminology). ... Horta, Hugo; Yudkevich, Maria (Dec 2016). "The role of academic inbreeding in developing higher education systems: Challenges ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_inbreeding
Inbreeding the AnthropophagiInbreeding the Anthropophagi
... is the second full-length album by the American death metal band Deeds of Flesh. It was originally ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbreeding_the_Anthropophagi
Inbreeding in fishInbreeding in fish
... inbreeding depression), and as a result species have evolved mechanisms to avoid inbreeding. Numerous inbreeding avoidance ... Fish with low inbreeding showed almost twice the aggressive pursuit in defending territory than fish with medium inbreeding, ... Embryo viability was significantly reduced in inbred exposed fish and there was a tendency for inbred males to sire fewer ... suggesting that intra-specific competition can magnify the deleterious effects of inbreeding. Inbreeding ordinarily has ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbreeding_in_fish
Coefficient of inbreedingCoefficient of inbreeding
The coefficient of inbreeding of an individual is the probability that two alleles at any locus in an individual are identical ... The coefficient of inbreeding is: The probability that two alleles at a given locus are identical by descent. The coefficient ... "Genetic and Quantitative Aspects of Genealogy: The Coefficient of Inbreeding (F) and Its Applications". Genetic-Genealogy.co.UK ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coefficient_of_inbreeding
Inbred (film)Inbred (film)
"Inbred review". Total Film. 18 September 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2012. Freer, Sloan. "Inbred". Radio Times. Retrieved 18 ... Barton, Steve (6 August 2013). "Make a Date with the Inbred". Dread Central. Retrieved 29 December 2013. "Inbred". Rotten ... o self respecting gorehound should miss INBRED." Diabolique magazine wrote that Inbred "offers viewers a genuinely weird and ... Inbred is a 2011 British horror comedy splatter film directed by Alex Chandon and co-written with Paul Shrimpton and produced ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbred_(film)
Inbred (disambiguation)Inbred (disambiguation)
Inbred means produced by inbreeding. It may also refer to: Inbred, an insult The Inbreds, a rock band Inbred (film), a horror ... film Inbred Mountain, an album by Buckethead This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Inbred. If an ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbred_(disambiguation)
Inbred strainInbred strain
... s (also called inbred lines, or rarely for animals linear animals) are individuals of a particular species which ... "History of inbred strains". isogenic.info. Retrieved 2017-11-30. Dixon LK (1993). "Use of recombinant inbred strains to map ... A decrease in these areas is known as inbreeding depression. A hybrid between two inbred strains can be used to cancel out ... "History of inbred strains". Retrieved 2013-12-19. "History of inbred strains". isogenic.info. Retrieved 2017-11-30. Kirchmaier ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbred_strain
Th InbredTh' Inbred
... emerged in the alternative music club The Underground Railroad and its all-ages annex The Dry House. Th' Inbred ... Th' Inbred was a hardcore punk band from Morgantown, West Virginia. It released two albums, A Family Affair and Kissing Cousins ... The Inbred material (with a few unreleased cuts) was reissued by Alternative Tentacles in 2009. Their political message was ... "Th' Inbred". Trouser Press. Retrieved 2008-07-02. "Th'Inbred from Artcore #7, 1990". Kasey, Pam (2016). "Missing Marsha". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th'_Inbred
Recombinant inbred strainRecombinant inbred strain
... pairs of the F2 progeny are then mated to establish inbred strains through long-term inbreeding. Families of recombinant inbred ... Recombinant inbred strains or lines were first developed using inbred strains of mice but are now used to study a wide range of ... A recombinant inbred strain or recombinant inbred line (RIL) is an organism with chromosomes that incorporate an essentially ... The origins and history of recombinant inbred strains are described by Crow. While the potential utility of recombinant inbred ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recombinant_inbred_strain
Inbred with RednexInbred with Rednex
Rednex - Artist, Vocals "Rednex - Inbred with Rednex (1995, CD)". Discogs. "Inbred With Rednex", YouTube, February 9, 2011. ( ... The Inbred with Rednex extended play contains seven songs, three of them, "Cotton Eye Joe", "Old Pop in an Oak" and "Wish You ... Inbred with Rednex, sometimes misread as "In Bred with Rednex", is the first EP by Swedish dance group Rednex. The album was ... Notes The interactive multimedia part "Inbred with Rednex" can only be played in CD-Rom players. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbred_with_Rednex
DaylamiDaylami
"Inbreeding". Pedigreepost.net. 14 January 2002. Archived from the original on 27 November 2011. Retrieved 15 September 2011. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daylami
List of mammals of FloridaList of mammals of Florida
"Inbreeding". State of Florida. Archived from the original on September 7, 2005. Retrieved July 19, 2007. "1980". State of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_Florida
Homogamy (biology)Homogamy (biology)
An archetype of inbreeding is self-pollination. When a plant has both anthers and a stigma, the process of inbreeding can occur ... Homogamy is used in biology in four separate senses: Inbreeding can be referred to as homogamy. Homogamy refers to the ... As opposed to outcrossing or outbreeding, inbreeding is the process by which organisms with common descent come together to ... "Inbreeding , genetics". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2018-04-16. "TNAU Agritech Portal Crop Improvement :: Mode of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homogamy_(biology)
Arab weddingArab wedding
"Inbreeding". www.as.wvu.edu. Archived from the original on 2017-12-20. Retrieved 2020-06-26. Arab wedding Customs, Muhammad ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_wedding
Iridovirus dwarf gourami diseaseIridovirus dwarf gourami disease
"DG inbreeding". tankaddict. Retrieved 14 January 2022. v t e v t e (Articles with short description, Short description matches ... It is the result of severe inbreeding. Despite being unable to develop the disease, other gourami become prone to infection if ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iridovirus_dwarf_gourami_disease
I Am JoseI Am Jose
denotes inbreeding. "Tennessee Walking horse - I Am Jose #20806071 home page by Walkers West". "Shelbyville Times-Gazette: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Am_Jose
Neanderthal extinctionNeanderthal extinction
A similar model to the inbreeding hypothesis can be seen among endangered lowland gorillas. Their populations are so small that ... 8 February 2019). "Skeletal Anomalies in The Neandertal Family of El Sidrón (Spain) Support A Role of Inbreeding in Neandertal ... 8 February 2019). "Skeletal Anomalies in The Neandertal Family of El Sidrón (Spain) Support A Role of Inbreeding in Neandertal ... Vasesen, K; Scherjob, F; Hemerik, L; Verpoorte, A (November 27, 2019). "Inbreeding, Allee effects and stochasticity might be ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neanderthal_extinction
Glossary of geneticsGlossary of genetics
Lineages are typically considered inbred after at least 20 generations of inbreeding (e.g. by self-fertilization or sib mating ... inbreeding Sexual reproduction between breeds or individuals that are closely related genetically. Inbreeding results in ... Contrast inbreeding. outron A sequence near the 5'-end of a primary mRNA transcript that is removed by a special form of ... inbred line Any lineage of a particular species in which individuals are nearly or completely genetically identical to each ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_genetics
Glossary of genetics (M−Z)Glossary of genetics (M−Z)
Contrast inbreeding. outron A sequence near the 5'-end of a primary mRNA transcript that is removed by a special form of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_genetics_(M−Z)
Rodrigues solitaireRodrigues solitaire
If such a disease was due to inbreeding, it would also be present in other isolated island bird populations, but it is not. The ... It has also been claimed that the carpal knobs were instead formed due to a hereditary disease caused by inbreeding. This was ... Amadon, D. (1951). "Inbreeding and Disease". Evolution. 5 (4): 417. doi:10.2307/2405692. JSTOR 2405692. Cheke, A. S.; Hume, J. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigues_solitaire
HeterosisHeterosis
Inbreeding depression is the loss of fitness due to loss of genetic diversity. Inbred strains tend to be homozygous for ... But overdominance implies that yields on an inbred strain should decrease as inbred strains are selected for the performance of ... East EM (1908). "Inbreeding in corn". Reports of the Connecticut Agricultural Experiments Station for 1907: 419-428. Shull GH ( ... Inbreeding depression occurs when related parents have children with traits that negatively influence their fitness largely due ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterosis
Helen Dean KingHelen Dean King
"Studies on inbreeding. I. The effects in inbreeding on the growth and variability in the body weight of the albino rat." ... Through inbreeding, her rats were almost homozygous to each other, which facilitated research. In later years, she moved her ... King's scientific research largely focused on studies of inbred rats, and she was particularly interested in human issues while ... Ogilvie, Marilyn Bailey (1 September 2007). "Inbreeding, eugenics, and Helen Dean King (1869-1955)". Journal of the History of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Dean_King
Incest in folklore and mythologyIncest in folklore and mythology
Gelder, Geert (27 March 2012). "INCEST AND INBREEDING". Encyclopaedia. Retrieved July 1, 2020. "ESTONIAN FOLKTALES I : 1. FAIRY ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incest_in_folklore_and_mythology
Championship (dog)Championship (dog)
Inbreeding and others. Also see articles about individual dog breeds for more on the health, breeding, and use issues of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Championship_(dog)
RaphinaeRaphinae
Amadon, D. (1951). "Inbreeding and Disease". Evolution. 5 (4): 417. doi:10.2307/2405692. JSTOR 2405692. Angst, D.; Buffetaut, E ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raphinae
Ruby JessopRuby Jessop
This can result in inbreeding and can cause genetic defects. After Ruby's escape, a press conference was held by Arizona ... "Polygamist Sects: How They Avoid Inbreeding Problems". Huffington Post. April 30, 2008. Retrieved August 5, 2013. Johnson, Kirk ... Khan, Razib (August 31, 2006). "Inbreeding among Mormons". Discover. Retrieved August 5, 2013. " ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_Jessop
Thoroughbred breeding theoriesThoroughbred breeding theories
Inbred animals are likely conduits for certain specific characteristics coming from their inbred ancestor. Too much inbreeding ... Continued inbreeding over a series of generations also has a negative impact referred to as "inbreeding depression." The lines ... less vigorous individuals than animals that are not as inbred. In the thoroughbred industry, inbreeding is used to focus ... Inbreeding is the mating of two closely related individuals. It is known as one of the quickest ways to "fix" desired ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoroughbred_breeding_theories
Inbred (2011) - IMDbInbred (2011) - IMDb
Inbred: Directed by Alex Chandon. With Jo Hartley, James Doherty, Seamus ONeill, James Burrows. Four young offenders and their ... By what name was Inbred (2011) officially released in Canada in English? ...
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1723124/
Ants manage incest without inbreedingAnts manage incest without inbreeding
Sib-mating without inbreeding in the longhorn crazy ant. Proceedings of the Royal Society B. Posted online the week of Jan. 31 ... An odd reproductive biology lets longhorn crazy ants mate with their siblings without inbreeding - and it also turns out to be ... The next generation thus does not suffer the loss of genetic diversity that comes from brother-sister inbreeding.. There is ... Ants manage incest without inbreeding. Unorthodox family structure may have helped insect spread ...
https://www.sciencenews.org/article/ants-manage-incest-without-inbreeding
Inbreeding and population/demographic shifts | EurekAlert!Inbreeding and population/demographic shifts | EurekAlert!
Inbreeding and population/demographic shifts could have led to Neanderthal extinction Neanderthal extinction could have ... image: Small populations, inbreeding, and random demographic fluctuations could have been enough to cause Neanderthal ... Small populations, inbreeding, and random demographic fluctuations could have been enough to cause Neanderthal extinction, ... The population models show that inbreeding alone was unlikely to have led to extinction (this only occurred in the smallest ...
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/853963
Albino Gorilla Was Result of InbreedingAlbino Gorilla Was Result of Inbreeding
Second, and possibly more important, the scientists found that Snowflake was the result of inbreeding-an unusual practice for ... Both the mutant gene and the inbreeding are rare occurrences for western lowland gorillas, and the combination that produced ... Albino Gorilla Was Result of Inbreeding. Both of Snowflakes parents had a rare gene that causes albinism. ... Now the late ape is making headlines again over the recent postmortem discovery that he was inbred. ...
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/130618-albino-gorilla-inbreeding-genes-science
Zoologger: Inbred wandering albatrosses sleep around | New ScientistZoologger: Inbred wandering albatrosses sleep around | New Scientist
Inbreeding and infidelity. There could be an inbreeding explanation. Wandering albatrosses are rather inbred and genetically ... This article appeared in print under the title: Inbred wandering albatrosses sleep around ...
https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn22063-zoologger-inbred-wandering-albatrosses-sleep-around/
Unusual behavioral phenotypes of inbred mouse strainsUnusual behavioral phenotypes of inbred mouse strains
... Trends Neurosci. 1996 May;19(5):181-2; discussion 188-9. doi: 10.1016/ ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8723201/?dopt=Abstract
Origins of Inbred MiceOrigins of Inbred Mice
... Edited by. Herbert C. Morse III. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. National ... Reprinted from Origins of Inbred Mice, Herbert C. Morse III, 719 pages. Copyright © 1978, with permission from Elsevier. ...
http://www.informatics.jax.org/morsebook/index.shtml?WT.mc_id=201296
Inbreeding depression in selfs of redwood | US Forest Service Research and DevelopmentInbreeding depression in selfs of redwood | US Forest Service Research and Development
Then inbreeding depression appears to become much more severe. After fourteen years in the field, in the single family ... It thus appears prudent to restrict inbreeding in redwood seed-orchards. Keywords. Cone abortion, Diameter, Germination, Height ... Consequently,there relative proportions of inbred and outcrossed offspring produced are normally maintained. Under good nursery ... Inbreeding depression in selfs of redwood. Silvae Genetica 30(1): 15-29 ...
https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/31881
On One Inbred | Mountain Bike Reviews ForumOn One Inbred | Mountain Bike Reviews Forum
JavaScript is disabled. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding ...
https://www.mtbr.com/media/on-one-inbred.1416563/
Planning your breeding: Breeding values and inbreeding coefficient of potential offspringPlanning your breeding: Breeding values and inbreeding coefficient of potential offspring
Inbreeding among the last woolly mammoths may have led to extinction | CNNInbreeding among the last woolly mammoths may have led to extinction | CNN
... when the male line died out due to inbreeding. The inbreeding also led to facial deformities such as a large lower jaw and chin ... "Its one of the reasons animal breeders try to avoid inbreeding. No one wants to end up rulers of an empire but crippled like ... The small population would have led to inbreeding and reduced genetic diversity, according to the study. ...
https://us.cnn.com/2020/02/11/world/woolly-mammoth-mutations-scn/index.html
Coefficient of Inbreeding - DOTLAN :: EveMapsCoefficient of Inbreeding - DOTLAN :: EveMaps
Coefficient of Inbreeding , Alliance: Denial of Service. , Pilots: 2 , CEO: Wiender Tvult Andrard ,, LS PVP CorpContact: Rakkin ...
https://evemaps.dotlan.net/corp/Coefficient_of_Inbreeding
Range Theater Due to Institutional InbreedingRange Theater Due to Institutional Inbreeding
Inbreeding in pig herds | Business QueenslandInbreeding in pig herds | Business Queensland
Learn about how much outside boar stock should be introduced to a pig herd to reduce the level of inbreeding. ... Acceptable limits of inbreeding. *A certain amount of inbreeding is unavoidable in a herd selecting its own breeder ... Inbreeding depression depends on the actual LOI and on the time it takes to reach this level. A rapid rise results in greater ... The level of inbreeding (LOI) is a measure of this chance and theoretically ranges from 0% to 100%. The average LOI rises over ...
https://www.business.qld.gov.au/industries/farms-fishing-forestry/agriculture/animal/industries/pigs/breed/genetics/inbreeding
Muslim Inbreeding Has Corrupted Islams Psyche - And The Results Are Alarming! - Right Side NewsMuslim Inbreeding Has Corrupted Islam's Psyche - And The Results Are Alarming! - Right Side News
Home Editorial RSN Pick of the Day Muslim Inbreeding Has Corrupted Islams Psyche - And The Results Are Alarming! ... Nicolai: Inbreeding among cousins are connected with long list of risks. Among them are still births, infant death, low ... Nicolai: Inbreeding among Muslims are extremely widespread. Around 70 percent of Pakistanis, 45 percent of Arabs and 25-30 ... Thus inbreeding, especially if it happens through several generations, increases the risks of handicaps and disorders, that in ...
https://rightsidenews.com/editorial/rsn-pick-of-the-day/muslim-inbreeding-has-corrupted-islams-psyche-and-the-results-are-alarming/
Polar bears turning to inbreeding for survivalPolar bears turning to inbreeding for survival
In addition to inbreeding, a study out of Russia showed polar bears are changing their diet which typically consists of seals ... Polar bears appear to be turning to inbreeding for survival.. A study published in the Royal Society Journals shows a loss of ... "It is worrisome because the loss of genetic diversity and likely inbreeding depression could result in reduced survival and ...
https://www.wmar2news.com/news/national/polar-bears-turning-to-inbreeding-as-climate-change-disrupts-their-habitats
Mountain Lions Are Killing Each Other & Inbreeding Because Theyre Trapped By The 101 Freeway, Study Says | LAistMountain Lions Are Killing Each Other & Inbreeding Because They're Trapped By The 101 Freeway, Study Says | LAist
... that the mountains lions living in the Santa Monica Mountains are exhibiting some bizarre behavior-like heavy inbreeding and ... Mountain Lions Are Killing Each Other & Inbreeding Because Theyre Trapped By The 101 Freeway, Study Says By Jean Trinh ... And theyve found a number of instances of father and daughter inbreeding, as well as some abnormal behavior like mountain ... that the mountains lions living in the Santa Monica Mountains are exhibiting some bizarre behavior-like heavy inbreeding and ...
https://laist.com/news/mountain-lions-are-killing-each-oth
In Music We Trust - Deeds Of Flesh: Inbreeding the Anthropophagi
Inbreeding the Anthropophagi (Repulse Records). By: Jeb Branin. As early as their first demo "Gradually Melted" (which blew me ...
http://inmusicwetrust.com/articles/10r06.html
Plus itPlus it
Mountain lion genomes provide insights into genetic rescue of inbred populations. Nedda F. Saremi, Megan A. Supple, Ashley ... Mountain lion genomes provide insights into genetic rescue of inbred populations Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded a ... We found strong geographical structure and signatures of severe inbreeding in all North American populations. Tracts of ... indicating that genomic gains from translocation were quickly lost by local inbreeding. Thus, to sustain diversity, genetic ...
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/482315v1
Tackle inbreeding depression with heterosis - ProCROSS crossbreeding as a solution | VikingGeneticsTackle inbreeding depression with heterosis - ProCROSS crossbreeding as a solution | VikingGenetics
Inbreeding depression and its consequences What is heterosis? Benefits of the structured crossbreeding system The key ... Amy Hazel Loeschke PhD, ProCROSS Product Consultant, will walk you through inbreeding depression and heterosis (hybrid vigour) ...
https://app.livestorm.co/vikinggenetics/tackle-inbreeding-depression-with-heterosis-procross-crossbreeding-as-a-solution?utm_source=Livestorm+company+page
British Library EThOS: The effect of inbreeding on the variation due to recessive genesBritish Library EThOS: The effect of inbreeding on the variation due to recessive genes
Use this URL to cite or link to this record in EThOS: ...
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.783441
Environmental Effects on Inbreeding Depression (Distance Learning Project) at Aberdeen University on FindAPhD.comEnvironmental Effects on Inbreeding Depression (Distance Learning Project) at Aberdeen University on FindAPhD.com
Environmental Effects on Inbreeding Depression (Distance Learning Project) at Aberdeen University, listed on FindAPhD.com ... Evidence for such fitness costs of inbreeding, known as inbreeding depression, has been documented in a wide range of taxa, ... Environmental Effects on Inbreeding Depression (Distance Learning Project). Aberdeen University School of Biological Sciences ... Inbreeding results from matings between relatives and can cause a reduction in offspring fitness because the higher degree of ...
https://www.findaphd.com/phds/project/environmental-effects-on-inbreeding-depression-distance-learning-project/?p137075
Genomic analysis improves the control of inbreeding depression on dairy cow fertility | Animal Science | University of HelsinkiGenomic analysis improves the control of inbreeding depression on dairy cow fertility | Animal Science | University of Helsinki
MSc Katja Martikainen studied in her doctoral dissertation the use of genomic data in the estimation and control of inbreeding ... statistically significant inbreeding depression was observed when using genomic measures of inbreeding. Dissecting inbreeding ... Because inbreeding is unavoidable in closed populations, examining and controlling the harmful effects of inbreeding is ... MSc Katja Martikainen studied in her doctoral dissertation the use of genomic data in the estimation and control of inbreeding ...
https://www.helsinki.fi/en/researchgroups/animal-science/news/genomic-analysis-improves-the-control-of-inbreeding-depression-on-dairy-cow-fertility
Bombs Away: Trump Has the I.Q. of an Inbred Tanning Bed, Says a Liberated Gary Cohn | Vanity FairBombs Away: Trump Has the I.Q. of an Inbred Tanning Bed, Says a Liberated Gary Cohn | Vanity Fair
Bombs Away: Trump Has the I.Q. of an Inbred Tanning Bed, Says a Liberated Gary Cohn. ...
https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2018/09/trump-has-the-iq-of-an-inbred-tanning-bed-says-gary-cohn
Dryad Data -- Inbreeding depression in artificial selection lines of Ipomoea purpureaDryad Data -- Inbreeding depression in artificial selection lines of Ipomoea purpurea
... inbred vs outcrossed) compared to the control and susceptible selection lines. Our data together indicate that inbreeding ... Inbreeding depression in artificial selection lines of Ipomoea purpurea. Van Etten, Megan, Pennsylvania State University, https ... We examined inbreeding depression in a variety of fitness-related traits in both the growth chamber and in the field, paired ... Inbreeding depression is a central parameter underlying mating system variation in nature and one that can be altered by ...
https://datadryad.org/stash/dataset/doi:10.5061/dryad.sbcc2fr5r
Read MoreRead More
Inbreeding depression in the largest biology dictionary online. Free learning resources for students covering all major areas ... Inbreeding pertains to the breeding between members of a population. In a small-sized population, it may result in inbreeding ... Another example that prompts inbreeding depression is the self-pollination of certain plants.. Inbreeding depression is averted ... noun, plural: inbreeding depressions. The loss of vigour or the reduced biological fitness in a particular population due to ...
https://www.biologyonline.com/dictionary/inbreeding-depression
UFCs Bryce Mitchell on Sean OMalley calling him inbred: Im gonna deal with that when I see himUFC's Bryce Mitchell on Sean O'Malley calling him 'inbred': 'I'm gonna deal with that when I see him'
UFCs Bryce Mitchell on Sean OMalley calling him inbred: Im gonna deal with that when I see him. Read full article. 87. ... "He called me inbred," Mitchell said in an interview with Sportskeeda. "Im gonna deal with that when I see him. Hes gonna have ... OMalley (16-1 MMA, 8-1 UFC) called Mitchell inbred after Mitchell predicted that Petr Yan would beat him at UFC 280. After ... Bryce Mitchell vows to make Sean OMalley pay for calling him "inbred." ...
https://sports.yahoo.com/ufc-bryce-mitchell-sean-o-140002959.html
Inbreeding, and Why Big Browns Looking Good Beyond May 3 - The Five-Cross FilesInbreeding, and Why Big Brown's Looking Good Beyond May 3 - The Five-Cross Files
Inbreeding, and Why Big Browns Looking Good Beyond May 3. Inbreeding, and Why Big Browns Looking Good Beyond May 3. *03 April ... A.P. Indy (on SRO) is a stallion whose inbreeding comes as a bit of a surprise to many who study five-cross pedigrees. As the ... When a highly-inbred horse does well on the track and is bred to outcrosses, watch out, world! ... Quiet American (on SRO) is just one example of a stallion whos heavily inbred and who gets an exceptional number of good ...
http://cs.bloodhorse.com/blogs/scot/archive/2008/04/03/inbreeding-and-why-big-brown-s-looking-good-beyond-may-3.aspx
Are there inbred families in the Ozarks/Appalachians like in Deliverance? - The Straight DopeAre there inbred families in the Ozarks/Appalachians like in Deliverance? - The Straight Dope
2. Does inbreeding lead to genetic abnormalities? Time to waffle. Last year I wrote a column saying cousin marriage wasnt ... 3. Is inbreeding unusually common in Appalachia? Heres where things get murky. Although the public and many social scientists ... Are there inbred families in the Ozarks/Appalachians like in Deliverance?. By Cecil Adams ... Dear Cecil: I am wondering if its true that there are, or were, inbred families or communities that live(d) in the Ozark ...
https://www.straightdope.com/21343737/are-there-inbred-families-in-the-ozarks-appalachians-like-in-em-deliverance-em
Domestication reshaped the genetic basis of inbreeding depression in by Luis Fernando Samayoa, Bode A. Olukolu et al."Domestication reshaped the genetic basis of inbreeding depression in " by Luis Fernando Samayoa, Bode A. Olukolu et al.
Inbreeding depression was greater in maize than teosinte for 15 of 18 traits, congruent with the greater segregating genetic ... The extent to which the genetic load of mutations contributing to inbreeding depression is due to large-effect mutations versus ... indicating that additive effects determine most of the genetic value even in the presence of strong inbreeding depression. We ... smalleffect partially recessive effects in linkage disequilibrium underlying inbreeding depression, with an additional ...
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/agronomyfacpub/1550/
DepressionStrainsMiceHomozygosityPopulationsTraitsGenetic diversityRecombinant inbredGeneticallyRatsPedigreeF344BreedsSurvivalSiblingsPedigreesMatings2019HumansStrainRestrictFertilityEvolutionaryCoefficientsContributesProgenyPrevalenceGeneGenesPopulationSevereEffectsResultEstimateThesisHighly-educatedEffectSpeciesIncreasesExplanationStudyFoundAllelesEstimatesResearchLinesLevelResearchersShow
Depression53
  • Given the polyploid chromosome constitution of Sequoia sempervirens , there was reason to question whether it would exhibit inbreeding depression. (usda.gov)
  • Then inbreeding depression appears to become much more severe. (usda.gov)
  • Animals whose parents are closely related may suffer inbreeding depression. (qld.gov.au)
  • The extent of inbreeding depression varies between different populations (e.g. breeds, strains). (qld.gov.au)
  • Inbreeding depression depends on the actual LOI and on the time it takes to reach this level. (qld.gov.au)
  • A rapid rise results in greater inbreeding depression than a gradual rise. (qld.gov.au)
  • Amy Hazel Loeschke PhD, ProCROSS Product Consultant, will walk you through inbreeding depression and heterosis (hybrid vigour) and their effects on dairy herd profitability. (livestorm.co)
  • Evidence for such fitness costs of inbreeding, known as inbreeding depression, has been documented in a wide range of taxa, including mammals, birds, insects, and plants. (findaphd.com)
  • However, there is substantial variation in the severity of inbreeding depression among species as well as among and within populations of a species [1]. (findaphd.com)
  • This variation may be partly driven by differences in the physical or social environment, which can have a major effect on the severity of inbreeding depression [2,3]. (findaphd.com)
  • Given the unprecedented rate of human-induced environmental changes around the world, it is important to understand how changes in environmental conditions might influence the expression and evolution of inbreeding depression. (findaphd.com)
  • This project will examine the effects of both abiotic environmental components (e.g. temperature) and biotic environmental components (e.g. intraspecific competition) on inbreeding depression. (findaphd.com)
  • The PhD student will synthesise information from primary literature on plants and animals to understand the effects of environmental factors on the expression and evolution of inbreeding depression. (findaphd.com)
  • Theoretical modelling will allow the investigation of interactive ecological and social drivers of the expression and evolution of inbreeding depression. (findaphd.com)
  • The student will build genetically-explicit models (mainly individual-based models, e.g. [6]) that will integrate genetic processes, ecology, and behaviour (e.g. social behaviour) to generate testable predictions on (i) the relative role of these factors in shaping inbreeding depression and (ii) the ecological and evolutionary consequences for populations under both static and dynamic environments (e.g. climate change). (findaphd.com)
  • 2010. Inbreeding depression increases with environmental stress: an experimental study and meta-analysis. (findaphd.com)
  • 2015. Parental care buffers against inbreeding depression in burying beetles. (findaphd.com)
  • 2016. Maternal effects alter the severity of inbreeding depression in the offspring. (findaphd.com)
  • MSc Katja Martikainen studied in her doctoral dissertation the use of genomic data in the estimation and control of inbreeding depression on female fertility in Finnish Ayrshire cattle. (helsinki.fi)
  • Fertility traits are sensitive for inbreeding depression, which is defined as impairment in phenotypic performance due to inbreeding. (helsinki.fi)
  • Because inbreeding is unavoidable in closed populations, examining and controlling the harmful effects of inbreeding is important for restraining inbreeding depression. (helsinki.fi)
  • The overall aim of Martikainen's thesis was to compare different estimates of inbreeding and to detect genomic regions responsible for inbreeding depression on female fertility traits. (helsinki.fi)
  • The results indicated that pedigree data is insufficient to detect inbreeding depression on fertility. (helsinki.fi)
  • However, statistically significant inbreeding depression was observed when using genomic measures of inbreeding. (helsinki.fi)
  • Examining the genes in the identified regions could provide more insight into the mechanisms of inbreeding depression. (helsinki.fi)
  • The findings of Katja Martikainen's thesis can be utilized for more efficient control of inbreeding depression in the Finnish Ayrshire breeding programme by avoiding the matings of the carriers of detrimental ROH haplotypes. (helsinki.fi)
  • MSc Katja Martikainen will defend her doctoral dissertation entitled "Genomic analysis of inbreeding depression on fertility traits in Finnish Ayrshire cattle" on 25th November 2020 at 13.00 in the Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki. (helsinki.fi)
  • Inbreeding depression is a central parameter underlying mating system variation in nature and one that can be altered by environmental stress. (datadryad.org)
  • Although a variety of systems show that inbreeding depression tends to increase under stressful conditions, we have very little understanding across most organisms how the level of inbreeding depression may change as a result of adaptation to stressors. (datadryad.org)
  • In this work we examined the potential that inbreeding depression varied among lineages of Ipomoea purpurea artificially evolved to exhibit divergent levels of herbicide resistance. (datadryad.org)
  • We examined inbreeding depression in a variety of fitness-related traits in both the growth chamber and in the field, paired with an examination of gene expression changes. (datadryad.org)
  • We found that, while inbreeding depression was present across many of the traits, lineages artificially selected for increased herbicide resistance often showed no evidence of inbreeding depression in the presence of herbicide, and in fact, showed evidence of outbreeding depression in some traits compared to non-selected control lines and lineages selected for increased herbicide susceptibility. (datadryad.org)
  • Our data together indicate that inbreeding depression may be lessened in populations that are adapting to regimes of strong selection. (datadryad.org)
  • These plants were assayed to determine inbreeding depression in a variety of traits. (datadryad.org)
  • In a small-sized population, it may result in inbreeding depression. (biologyonline.com)
  • There is a depression or recession of vigour or biological fitness caused by inbreeding. (biologyonline.com)
  • Another example that prompts inbreeding depression is the self-pollination of certain plants. (biologyonline.com)
  • Inbreeding depression is averted when there is higher genetic variation. (biologyonline.com)
  • The problem is "inbreeding depression," the emergence of undesirable traits when closely related parents each contribute a normally dormant gene. (straightdope.com)
  • Domestication reshaped the genetic basis of inbreeding depression in " by Luis Fernando Samayoa, Bode A. Olukolu et al. (unl.edu)
  • Inbreeding depression is the reduction in fitness and vigor resulting from mating of close relatives observed in many plant and animal species. (unl.edu)
  • The extent to which the genetic load of mutations contributing to inbreeding depression is due to large-effect mutations versus variants with very small individual effects is unknown and may be affected by population history. (unl.edu)
  • Inbreeding depression was greater in maize than teosinte for 15 of 18 traits, congruent with the greater segregating genetic load in the maize population that we predicted from sequence data. (unl.edu)
  • Parental breeding values were highly consistent between outcross and selfed offspring, indicating that additive effects determine most of the genetic value even in the presence of strong inbreeding depression. (unl.edu)
  • These results suggest a mixture of mostly polygenic, smalleffect partially recessive effects in linkage disequilibrium underlying inbreeding depression, with an additional contribution from rare larger-effect variants that was more important in teosinte but depleted in maize following the domestication bottleneck. (unl.edu)
  • During the past two decades, pedigree analysis has documented inbreeding depression in many captive populations. (elsevier.com)
  • This and subsequent research has led to a recognition that inbreeding depression is a potentially important determinate of small population fitness, in both captivity and the wild. (elsevier.com)
  • We find that pedigrees typical of breeding programmes designed to avoid inbreeding have low statistical power to detect inbreeding depression. (elsevier.com)
  • One appealing but untested explanation is that early life care may create a benign environment that offsets inbreeding depression, allowing inbred societies to evolve. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • We show that care provided by parents and alloparents mitigates inbreeding depression for early survival. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • Our results suggest that inbred cooperative societies are rare in nature partly because the protective care that enables elevated levels of inbreeding can be reduced by inbreeding depression. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • They suffered from superficial strange features (inbreeding depression) that became far more attenuated in their more mixed offspring. (blogspot.com)
  • The genetics of inbreeding depression. (bvsalud.org)
Strains10
  • Since the genetic homogeneity of inbred strain improves the precision of analyses, the lack of inbred strains is a big disadvantage for zebrafish. (nii.ac.jp)
  • Here, I have tried to inbreed two zebrafish wild-type strains through full sib-pair mating. (nii.ac.jp)
  • generation, which fulfills the definition of inbred strains. (nii.ac.jp)
  • Presentation] Trials for establishment of zebrafish inbred strains. (nii.ac.jp)
  • To address this question of genetic liability, we tested the impact of OP and glucocorticoid exposure in a genetic reference population of 30 inbred mouse strains. (cdc.gov)
  • We have extensive experience and success generating genetically modified mice on a variety of inbred and specialty strains. (jax.org)
  • These models can be generated on a variety of inbred and specialty strains, including C57BL/6J, C57BL/6N, and NSG. (jax.org)
  • The inbred CBA/CaJ (CB) and hybrid CBB6F1 strains of mice exhibited only temporary threshold shift with rapid recovery after exposure to 110 decibels for 1 or 2 hours, and they exhibited no evidence of any AHL. (cdc.gov)
  • The findings demonstrated the advantages of using inbred and F1 hybrid strains of mice which are genetically well defined, numerous and readily available. (cdc.gov)
  • Strains of laboratory mice that are inbred for higher metabolic rates show stronger immune responses to immune challenge with stronger antigen-specific IgM production than strains bred for lower metabolic rates. (cdc.gov)
Mice4
  • Genetic control of resistance to Trypanosoma cruzi in inbred mice / by Ruth Anna Wrightsman. (who.int)
  • Genetic analysis of defects in the immune response of inbred mice to an attenuated vaccine against Schistosoma mansoni / by Rodrigo Correa de Oliveira. (who.int)
  • The inbred C57BL/6J-mice (B6) and hybrid B6D2F1-mice demonstrated extensive permanent threshold shift and subsequent onset of AHL. (cdc.gov)
  • Polymorphic N-acetylation of 2-aminofluorene by cell-free colon extracts from inbred mice. (cdc.gov)
Homozygosity7
  • However, the genome of an admixed Florida panther that descended from a translocated individual from Central America had surprisingly long tracts of homozygosity, indicating that genomic gains from translocation were quickly lost by local inbreeding. (biorxiv.org)
  • Inbreeding results from matings between relatives and can cause a reduction in offspring fitness because the higher degree of homozygosity associated with inbreeding increases the risk that deleterious recessive alleles are expressed. (findaphd.com)
  • However, not all homozygosity created by inbreeding is detrimental, but some homozygous ROH genotypes (Runs Of Homozygosity) may have neutral or even beneficial effects on the traits of interest. (helsinki.fi)
  • In order to find all potential cases of extreme inbreeding from a dataset that is nearly half a million people large, Yengo and his team looked at the homozygosity of people's genomes. (allthatsinteresting.com)
  • If a subject had more than 10 percent homozygosity, extreme inbreeding was more than likely the cause. (allthatsinteresting.com)
  • If a person had more than 10 percent homozygosity, extreme inbreeding was more than likely the reason. (allthatsinteresting.com)
  • Runs of homozygosity and inbreeding in thyroid cancer. (cdc.gov)
Populations8
  • Small populations, inbreeding, and random demographic fluctuations could have been enough to cause Neanderthal extinction, according to a study published November 27, 2019 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Krist Vaesen from Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands, and colleagues. (eurekalert.org)
  • They then simulated for their model populations the effects of inbreeding, Allee effects (where reduced population size negatively impacts individuals' fitness), and annual random demographic fluctuations in births, deaths, and the sex ratio, to see if these factors could bring about an extinction event over a 10,000-year period. (eurekalert.org)
  • It's also possible that modern humans could have impacted Neanderthal populations in ways which reinforced inbreeding and Allee effects, but are not reflected in the models. (eurekalert.org)
  • We found strong geographical structure and signatures of severe inbreeding in all North American populations. (biorxiv.org)
  • We use simulation to investigate how much traditional pedigree analysis will reveal about the effect of inbreeding in such populations. (elsevier.com)
  • They include careful management of breeding populations to avoid further loss of existing genetic diversity, through education of breeders and monitoring of inbreeding levels enabled by direct genotyping technologies. (geneticscienceservices.com)
  • The inbred onion populations possessed more than two alleles at 20 of 43 (46%) codominant RFLP loci. (umn.edu)
  • King, JJ, Bradeen, JM & Havey, MJ 1998, ' Variability for restriction fragment-length polymorphisms (RFLPs) and relationships among elite commercial inbred and virtual hybrid onion populations ', Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science , vol. 123, no. 6, pp. 1034-1037. (umn.edu)
Traits2
  • This study was conducted to (i) evaluate the response of elite tropical adapted maize inbred lines to Puccinia sorghi and identify resistant lines (ii) examine associations between CR disease parameters and agronomic traits, and (iii) assess the genetic diversity of the inbred lines. (cgiar.org)
  • Scientists have set out to add teosinte traits into modern inbred and hybrid maize to increase protein production in this food staple without affecting yields, even under low-nitrogen conditions. (nature.com)
Genetic diversity6
  • The next generation thus does not suffer the loss of genetic diversity that comes from brother-sister inbreeding. (sciencenews.org)
  • The small population would have led to inbreeding and reduced genetic diversity, according to the study. (cnn.com)
  • The genetic diversity among the highly resistant lines can be exploited by recycling genetically distant lines to develop new multiple disease resistant inbred lines for hybrid development and deployment. (cgiar.org)
  • Crossbreeds are proposed or have already been made for certain breeds and conditions as a measure to increase genetic diversity, but care must be taken to determine whether these will effectively increase overall racial diversity and therefore reduce inbreeding, Bannasch said. (geneticscienceservices.com)
  • In particular, in the few breeds with a low level of inbreeding, everything must be done to maintain the genetic diversity present. (geneticscienceservices.com)
  • Low genetic diversity also comes with the risk of inbreeding. (saveourseas.com)
Recombinant inbred1
  • was constructed with 177 markers (89 RAPD, 79 AFLP, six RFLP and three morphological markers) using 86 recombinant inbred lines (F-6:8) Obtained from a partially interspecific cross. (edu.au)
Genetically1
  • Wandering albatrosses are rather inbred and genetically similar, because they always breed at the same colony at which they were fledged. (newscientist.com)
Rats3
  • The aim of this study was to determine, in the absence of excess dietary salt, the individual effects of excess accumulation of dietary phytosterols and phytostanols on blood pressure in Wistar Kyoto (WKY) inbred rats that have a mutation in the Abcg5 gene and thus over absorb phytosterols and phytostanols. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thirty 35-day old male WKY inbred rats (10/group) were fed a control diet or a diet containing phytosterols or phytostanols (2.0 g/kg diet) for 5 weeks. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These data suggest that excessive accumulation of dietary phytosterols and phytostanols in plasma and tissues may contribute to the increased blood pressure in WKY inbred rats in the absence of excess dietary salt. (biomedcentral.com)
Pedigree4
  • In a recent article about Sunshine Millions winner American County ( pedigree ), Avalyn noted that "Inbreeding patterns can be fascinating, but the broodmare career of (American County's dam) Young American tends to support the conventional wisdom that, beyond a certain level, inbreeding can depress performance and needs to be balanced by outcrossing. (bloodhorse.com)
  • Okay, so you have a mare that's inbred to strong pedigree influences, and she has a good chance of success when outcrossed. (bloodhorse.com)
  • I'll sure be watching for Big Brown near the lead at the top of the stretch on Derby Day (although I've got to say I'll still be rooting for my favorite, Anak Nakal -- another pedigree with a great inbreeding pattern! (bloodhorse.com)
  • Click on queen code shows pedigree, breeding values and inbreeding coefficients. (hu-berlin.de)
F3441
Breeds6
  • Unfortunately, the genetics that give various breeds their particular attributes are often the result of inbreeding. (geneticscienceservices.com)
  • In a recent study Posted in Canine medicine and genetics , an international team of researchers led by the University of California at Davis, veterinary geneticist Danika Bannasch show that the majority of dog breeds are highly inbred, which contributes to increased disease and health care costs throughout of their life. (geneticscienceservices.com)
  • The average inbreeding based on genetic analysis of 227 breeds was close to 25%, which is the equivalent of sharing the same genetic material with a full sibling. (geneticscienceservices.com)
  • The effect of inbreeding, body size and morphology on the health of dog breeds. (geneticscienceservices.com)
  • The percentage heterozygosity for 227 breeds or varieties was adjusted to an estimate of Wrights inbreeding coefficient-F adj . (biomedcentral.com)
  • British breeders are helping Australia restock its rare poultry breeds, to combat high levels of poultry inbreeding. (arkbiodiv.com)
Survival1
  • The genetic trends in fitness (inbreeding, fertility and survival) of a closed nucleus flock of Menz sheep under selection during ten years for increased body weight were investigated to evaluate the consequences of selection for body weight on fitness. (icarda.org)
Siblings3
  • An odd reproductive biology lets longhorn crazy ants mate with their siblings without inbreeding - and it also turns out to be useful for world domination. (sciencenews.org)
  • And they've found a number of instances of father and daughter inbreeding, as well as some abnormal behavior like mountain lions killing their own mates, siblings and children. (laist.com)
  • The study was exclusively focused on extreme inbreeding, which includes relations between first- or second-degree relatives such as siblings, grandparents, aunts, and uncles. (allthatsinteresting.com)
Pedigrees2
  • A.P. Indy ( on SRO ) is a stallion whose inbreeding comes as a bit of a surprise to many who study five-cross pedigrees. (bloodhorse.com)
  • We computed mean inbreeding coefficients (FIT, FIS, and FST) based on approximately 2,700 ascending pedigrees of contemporary people from Saguenay Lac-St-Jean (Québec, Canada). (arctichealth.org)
Matings1
  • A mate selection tool was used to optimize in retrospect the actual selection and matings conducted over the project period to assess if the observed genetic gains in body weight could have been achieved with a reduced level of inbreeding. (icarda.org)
20192
  • Citation: Vaesen K, Scherjon F, Hemerik L, Verpoorte A (2019) Inbreeding, Allee effects and stochasticity might be sufficient to account for Neanderthal extinction. (eurekalert.org)
  • Fifty inbred lines were evaluated in field trials for three seasons (2017-2019) in Uganda under artificial inoculation. (cgiar.org)
Humans2
  • In humans, high levels of inbreeding (3-6%) have been associated with an increased prevalence of complex diseases as well as other conditions. (geneticscienceservices.com)
  • Just like in humans and other animals, inbreeding can lead to negative effects in future generations. (saveourseas.com)
Strain1
  • Yet, there is no inbred strain in zebrafish. (nii.ac.jp)
Restrict1
  • It thus appears prudent to restrict inbreeding in redwood seed-orchards. (usda.gov)
Fertility1
  • Dissecting inbreeding to chromosomal segments revealed regions where increased inbreeding was associated with reduced fertility. (helsinki.fi)
Evolutionary3
  • Inbreeding is an important issue in evolutionary biology and ecology because of its profound implications for genetic variation and the evolution of mating systems and reproductive strategies. (findaphd.com)
  • 2012. Inbreeding-stress interactions: evolutionary and conservation consequences. (findaphd.com)
  • Given the high fitness costs of inbreeding, evolutionary biologists have found it challenging to understand the persistence of these inbred societies in nature. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Coefficients2
  • Evolution of inbreeding coefficients and effective size in the population of Saguenay Lac-St.-Jean (Quebec). (arctichealth.org)
  • This allowed us to appreciate the accumulated inbreeding and to follow the evolution of these coefficients since the founding of Québec. (arctichealth.org)
Contributes1
  • Unfortunately, the study findings indicate that inbreeding of dogs contributes to an increase in disease and health care costs throughout their lifespan. (firepaw.org)
Progeny1
  • The team also found that the progeny of inbreeding had a 44 percent increased risk of disease - of any kind - in comparison to those born to unrelated parents. (allthatsinteresting.com)
Prevalence2
  • Furthermore, researchers found that the prevalence of extreme inbreeding was far higher than previously thought. (allthatsinteresting.com)
  • The extent to which our estimate reflects the true prevalence of [extreme inbreeding] in the entire UK population is a difficult question," said Yengo. (allthatsinteresting.com)
Gene2
  • Both the mutant gene and the inbreeding are rare occurrences for western lowland gorillas, and the combination that produced Snowflake isn't likely to happen again anytime soon. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • Further, at the transcriptome level, the resistant selection lines had differing patterns of gene expression according to breeding type (inbred vs outcrossed) compared to the control and susceptible selection lines. (datadryad.org)
Genes2
  • In the 1980s, unrelated genes from overseas animals were infused into our local large whites and landrace and this reduced the level of inbreeding. (qld.gov.au)
  • With a little mixture (maybe even between separately inbred groups) balanced out those genes, resulting in the modern Native Amer morphology. (blogspot.com)
Population10
  • The population models show that inbreeding alone was unlikely to have led to extinction (this only occurred in the smallest model population). (eurekalert.org)
  • In conjunction with demographic fluctuations, Allee effects plus inbreeding could have caused extinction across all population sizes modelled within the 10,000 years allotted. (eurekalert.org)
  • Inbreeding pertains to the breeding between members of a population . (biologyonline.com)
  • Weyl attributes the "abnormally large proportion of white mental defectives in the Appalachian region" to, among other things, "the notoriously high rates of inbreeding among the Appalachian population. (straightdope.com)
  • Bannasch discovered that Danish-Swedish farm dogs have a low level of inbreeding based on their history of a relatively large founder population of 200 and being bred for function, rather than strong artificial selection for l 'appearance. (geneticscienceservices.com)
  • Inbreeding calculators do not go far enough into a dog's genetic lineage, and this method does not improve the overall high levels of inbreeding in the population. (geneticscienceservices.com)
  • An inbred backcross (IBC) population derived from Lycopersicon hirsutum LA407 and L. esculentum was evaluated in replicated field trials to assess its potential for the improvement of red-fruited tomatoes. (ashs.org)
  • One superior inbred backcross line from this population, IBL 2349, was used to develop an F 2 population and to explore the genetic basis of color. (ashs.org)
  • Flickr After looking at nearly half a million people's genetic data, researchers found 125 cases of extreme inbreeding, suggesting that there are approximately 13,200 such cases across the U.K. population as a whole. (allthatsinteresting.com)
  • According to The Daily Mail , extrapolating the team's findings to the U.K. population as a whole would suggest that an estimated 13,200 U.K. citizens are the result of extreme inbreeding. (allthatsinteresting.com)
Severe1
  • Highly inbred individuals who suffer severe health consequences may be less likely to participate in a study such as the U.K. Biobank," the study's authors wrote. (allthatsinteresting.com)
Effects2
  • In the course of his research he investigated Muslim inbreeding and its effects on "Islam's psyche", and he gained tremendous insight into the "mind of Islam" through thousands of face-to-face dialogues with disaffected Muslims. (rightsidenews.com)
  • While this finding was not unexpected, the researchers removed the brachycephalic races from the final analysis of the health effects of inbreeding. (geneticscienceservices.com)
Result3
  • Dr. Fager himself was the result of inbreeding - he had Bull Dog 3x4, multiple instances of Teddy, and both Spearmint and Whisk Broom 5x5. (bloodhorse.com)
  • We test this possibility using 21 years of data from a wild cooperatively breeding mammal, the banded mongoose, a species where almost one in ten young result from close inbreeding. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • What they surely didn't expect to find was that more than 13,000 people across the U.K. are the result of extreme inbreeding. (allthatsinteresting.com)
Estimate1
  • Any estimate of the effect of inbreeding can only be a general guide. (qld.gov.au)
Thesis5
  • Our one-of-a-kind thesis, dissertation, or proposal on "Inbreeding" can include any of the unique features listed at right (click on a feature for details). (phd-dissertations.com)
  • Our "Inbreeding" experts can research and write a NEW, ONE-OF-A-KIND, ORIGINAL dissertation, thesis, or research proposal-JUST FOR YOU-on the precise "Inbreeding" topic of your choice. (phd-dissertations.com)
  • If you order one of our services, a professional and qualified researcher will write a one-of-a-kind, original dissertation or thesis on "Inbreeding" that is based on the exact specifications YOU provide. (phd-dissertations.com)
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  • [ 1 ] In his pivotal doctoral thesis, Rolf Kostmann studied 14 affected children from an inbred family from the province of Norrbotten, Sweden. (medscape.com)
Highly-educated1
  • Our "Inbreeding" researchers are highly-educated specialists with impeccable research and writing skills who have vast experience in preparing doctoral-level research materials. (phd-dissertations.com)
Effect3
  • The effect of these factors can be calculated and remedial steps taken to slow down inbreeding, such as by introducing unrelated breeding stock . (qld.gov.au)
  • The finding results showed that most of the respondents do not know ill effect of inbreeding. (academicjournals.org)
  • The present results suggest that short gestation , low birth weight and intracranial non-traumatic haemorrhage mediate the negative effect of inbreeding on human selection. (bvsalud.org)
Species1
  • Data from other species, combined with strong breed predispositions to complex diseases like cancer and autoimmune diseases, highlights the relevance of high inbreeding in dogs to their health," Bannasch said. (geneticscienceservices.com)
Increases1
  • A herd selection program increases inbreeding, as animals that perform well are likely to be selected as breeder replacements and are also likely to be related. (qld.gov.au)
Explanation1
Study7
  • One study of several inbred lines of pigs found that an increase of 10% in LOI reduced the number of piglets born per litter by 2.5% and reduced the body weight at 160 days by 3kg. (qld.gov.au)
  • These values are considered high because the rise in inbreeding was rapid in this study. (qld.gov.au)
  • In addition to inbreeding, a study out of Russia showed polar bears are changing their diet which typically consists of seals due to climate change. (wmar2news.com)
  • The study was conducted in Adami Tulu Jidokombolcha, Bora, Dodola, Shala and Negele-Arsi districts with objective to assess cattle breeding practices and rate of inbreeding. (academicjournals.org)
  • This study found that if dogs are small in size and not inbred, they are much healthier than larger dogs with high inbreeding. (geneticscienceservices.com)
  • This study found evidence of inbreeding in one in 3,652 people. (allthatsinteresting.com)
  • IMSEAR at SEARO: Inbreeding as a cause for deafness: Dadhkai study. (who.int)
Found2
  • Australian researchers from the University of Queensland led by Loïc Yengo found 125 cases of extreme inbreeding when they looked at the data of 456,414 people ages 40-69 who voluntarily submitted their genetic information between 2006 and 2010. (allthatsinteresting.com)
  • In addition to finding such a high number of cases of extreme inbreeding, the researchers found that such cases had a wide range of negative health impacts on people in terms of physical, mental, and reproductive issues. (allthatsinteresting.com)
Alleles1
  • Inbred lines CKL1522, CKL05010, and CKL05017 had significantly lower Rust 3 scores and AUDPC compared to the resistant check CML444 and are potential donors of CR resistance alleles. (cgiar.org)
Estimates1
  • That figure differs significantly from other estimates of extreme inbreeding in England and Wales: one in 5,247. (allthatsinteresting.com)
Research4
  • New research has demonstrated that the majority of dogs are highly inbred. (firepaw.org)
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  • university document about "Inbreeding," our contracted research experts can begin helping today! (phd-dissertations.com)
  • Whether you need basic "Inbreeding" research at master-level, or complicated research at doctoral-level, we can begin assisting you right now! (phd-dissertations.com)
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  • If you don't mind, therefore, we'll restructure your question along slightly more scientific lines: Is southern Appalachia characterized by an unusually high incidence of (a) inbreeding and (b) mental retardation and genetic defects, and if so, has (a) led to (b)? (straightdope.com)
Level1
  • However, the level of inbreeding with the optimized mate selections remained zero until late in the years of selection. (icarda.org)
Researchers1
  • Researchers are finding that the mountains lions living in the Santa Monica Mountains are exhibiting some bizarre behavior-like heavy inbreeding and killing each other off. (laist.com)
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  • Tincher's numbers show that as late as 1950 inbreeding was well above what could be accounted for by chance - married couples on average were approximately third cousins. (straightdope.com)
Pedigree browser
Pedigree browser (www2.hu-berlin.de)
Snowfall Al Salmi Road - Kuwait - From our Archives - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS
Snowfall Al Salmi Road - Kuwait - From our Archives - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS (arabtimesonline.com)
Traditional dancing troupe spread joy at Kuwaiti Expo booth - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS
Traditional dancing troupe spread joy at Kuwaiti Expo booth - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS (arabtimesonline.com)
A genetic dissection of breed composition and performance enhancement in the Alaskan sled dog | SpringerLink
A genetic dissection of breed composition and performance enhancement in the Alaskan sled dog | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Inbred (2011) - IMDb
Inbred (2011) - IMDb (imdb.com)
Ants manage incest without inbreeding
Ants manage incest without inbreeding (sciencenews.org)
Albino Gorilla Was Result of Inbreeding
Albino Gorilla Was Result of Inbreeding (nationalgeographic.com)
Bicyclist goes on insane rant, calls Asian man 'yellow,' 'slant-eyed,' and a 'f*ggot' in vile video - Queerty
Bicyclist goes on insane rant, calls Asian man 'yellow,' 'slant-eyed,' and a 'f*ggot' in vile video - Queerty (queerty.com)
Rock & Heavy Metal | NAPALM RECORDS OFFICIAL SHOP Buy albums and official band merch directly from the record label.
Rock & Heavy Metal | NAPALM RECORDS OFFICIAL SHOP Buy albums and official band merch directly from the record label. (napalmrecords.com)
Fundraising and investor relations - DealCloud - Best-in-breed technology
Fundraising and investor relations - DealCloud - Best-in-breed technology (dealcloud.com)
Inbreeding and population/demographic shifts | EurekAlert!
Inbreeding and population/demographic shifts | EurekAlert! (eurekalert.org)
Most Dog Breeds Are Highly Inbred -- and Unhealthy | OU Health
Most Dog Breeds Are Highly Inbred -- and Unhealthy | OU Health (library.oumedicine.com)
Origins of Inbred Mice
Origins of Inbred Mice (informatics.jax.org)
S. Austad | Semantic Scholar
S. Austad | Semantic Scholar (semanticscholar.org)
Rabbi Shmuley Boteach runs for Congress
Rabbi Shmuley Boteach runs for Congress (isteve.blogspot.com)
Health Problems In Cloned Cats (and other mammals) - PoC
Health Problems In Cloned Cats (and other mammals) - PoC (pictures-of-cats.org)
Cooking and Eating Mutton - Similar Threads
Cooking and Eating Mutton - Similar Threads (permies.com)
Search Results - Eupedia Forum
Search Results - Eupedia Forum (eupedia.com)
Lawyer For Accused Killer Levi Aron Says Inbreeding Partially To Blame For Crime - CBS New York
Lawyer For Accused Killer Levi Aron Says Inbreeding Partially To Blame For Crime - CBS New York (cbsnews.com)
INBREEDING AND GENETIC DRIFT
INBREEDING AND GENETIC DRIFT (ucl.ac.uk/~ucbhdjm/)
Best Price on Polar 720i HRM? (nm) | Road Bike, Cycling Forums
Best Price on Polar 720i HRM? (nm) | Road Bike, Cycling Forums (roadbikereview.com)
Cops bust prostitution racket in Hawally, 5 arrested - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS
Cops bust prostitution racket in Hawally, 5 arrested - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS (arabtimesonline.com)
Iran arrests foreigners, including senior British diplomat, on espionage charges - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS
Iran arrests foreigners, including senior British diplomat, on espionage charges - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS (arabtimesonline.com)
Saudi sport plane crashes, pilot killed - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS
Saudi sport plane crashes, pilot killed - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS (arabtimesonline.com)
Asian maid raped by sponsor's brother - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS
Asian maid raped by sponsor's brother - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS (arabtimesonline.com)
Kuwaitis staying in exile to return back - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS
Kuwaitis staying in exile to return back - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS (arabtimesonline.com)
Drug dealer held with 1.2 million Captagon pills - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS
Drug dealer held with 1.2 million Captagon pills - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS (arabtimesonline.com)
602 recover from coronavirus in Kuwait, total 33,969 - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS
602 recover from coronavirus in Kuwait, total 33,969 - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS (arabtimesonline.com)
Alcohol and mobile phones - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS
Alcohol and mobile phones - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS (arabtimesonline.com)
Kuwait will not allow entry of any passengers without PCR test - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS
Kuwait will not allow entry of any passengers without PCR test - ARAB TIMES - KUWAIT NEWS (arabtimesonline.com)
Tiger cubs, photo ops at Denver Nuggets game - Big Cat Rescue
Tiger cubs, photo ops at Denver Nuggets game - Big Cat Rescue (bigcatrescue.org)
Small minded people
Small minded people (thelocal.se)