Immunoglobulin G
Immunoglobulins
Multi-subunit proteins which function in IMMUNITY. They are produced by B LYMPHOCYTES from the IMMUNOGLOBULIN GENES. They are comprised of two heavy (IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAINS) and two light chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) with additional ancillary polypeptide chains depending on their isoforms. The variety of isoforms include monomeric or polymeric forms, and transmembrane forms (B-CELL ANTIGEN RECEPTORS) or secreted forms (ANTIBODIES). They are divided by the amino acid sequence of their heavy chains into five classes (IMMUNOGLOBULIN A; IMMUNOGLOBULIN D; IMMUNOGLOBULIN E; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G; IMMUNOGLOBULIN M) and various subclasses.
Immunoglobulin M
Immunoglobulin A
Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains
Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
Immunoglobulin preparations used in intravenous infusion, containing primarily IMMUNOGLOBULIN G. They are used to treat a variety of diseases associated with decreased or abnormal immunoglobulin levels including pediatric AIDS; primary HYPERGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA; SCID; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS infections in transplant recipients, LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA, CHRONIC; Kawasaki syndrome, infection in neonates, and IDIOPATHIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA.
Genes, Immunoglobulin
Genes encoding the different subunits of the IMMUNOGLOBULINS, for example the IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAIN GENES and the IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAIN GENES. The heavy and light immunoglobulin genes are present as gene segments in the germline cells. The completed genes are created when the segments are shuffled and assembled (B-LYMPHOCYTE GENE REARRANGEMENT) during B-LYMPHOCYTE maturation. The gene segments of the human light and heavy chain germline genes are symbolized V (variable), J (joining) and C (constant). The heavy chain germline genes have an additional segment D (diversity).
Immunoglobulin Light Chains
Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains
Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments
Crystallizable fragments composed of the carboxy-terminal halves of both IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAINS linked to each other by disulfide bonds. Fc fragments contain the carboxy-terminal parts of the heavy chain constant regions that are responsible for the effector functions of an immunoglobulin (COMPLEMENT fixation, binding to the cell membrane via FC RECEPTORS, and placental transport). This fragment can be obtained by digestion of immunoglobulins with the proteolytic enzyme PAPAIN.
Immunoglobulin Isotypes
Immunoglobulin E
Immunoglobulin A, Secretory
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.
Immunoglobulin Variable Region
That region of the immunoglobulin molecule that varies in its amino acid sequence and composition, and comprises the binding site for a specific antigen. It is located at the N-terminus of the Fab fragment of the immunoglobulin. It includes hypervariable regions (COMPLEMENTARITY DETERMINING REGIONS) and framework regions.
Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments
Univalent antigen-binding fragments composed of one entire IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAIN and the amino terminal end of one of the IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAINS from the hinge region, linked to each other by disulfide bonds. Fab contains the IMMUNOGLOBULIN VARIABLE REGIONS, which are part of the antigen-binding site, and the first IMMUNOGLOBULIN CONSTANT REGIONS. This fragment can be obtained by digestion of immunoglobulins with the proteolytic enzyme PAPAIN.
Immunoglobulin mu-Chains
Antibody Specificity
Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains
B-Lymphocytes
Immunoglobulin D
Immunoglobulin Constant Regions
The domains of the immunoglobulin molecules that are invariable in their amino acid sequence within any class or subclass of immunoglobulin. They confer biological as well as structural functions to immunoglobulins. One each on both the light chains and the heavy chains comprises the C-terminus half of the IMMUNOGLOBULIN FAB FRAGMENT and two or three of them make up the rest of the heavy chains (all of the IMMUNOGLOBULIN FC FRAGMENT)
Immunoglobulin gamma-Chains
Heavy chains of IMMUNOGLOBULIN G having a molecular weight of approximately 51 kDa. They contain about 450 amino acid residues arranged in four domains and an oligosaccharide component covalently bound to the Fc fragment constant region. The gamma heavy chain subclasses (for example, gamma 1, gamma 2a, and gamma 2b) of the IMMUNOGLOBULIN G isotype subclasses (IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B) resemble each other more closely than the heavy chains of the other IMMUNOGLOBULIN ISOTYPES.
Immunoglobulin Fragments
Immunoglobulin Class Switching
Gene rearrangement of the B-lymphocyte which results in a substitution in the type of heavy-chain constant region that is expressed. This allows the effector response to change while the antigen binding specificity (variable region) remains the same. The majority of class switching occurs by a DNA recombination event but it also can take place at the level of RNA processing.
Staphylococcal Protein A
A protein present in the cell wall of most Staphylococcus aureus strains. The protein selectively binds to the Fc region of human normal and myeloma-derived IMMUNOGLOBULIN G. It elicits antibody activity and may cause hypersensitivity reactions due to histamine release; has also been used as cell surface antigen marker and in the clinical assessment of B lymphocyte function.
Immunoglobulin Allotypes
Receptors, Fc
Receptors, IgG
Specific molecular sites on the surface of various cells, including B-lymphocytes and macrophages, that combine with IMMUNOGLOBULIN Gs. Three subclasses exist: Fc gamma RI (the CD64 antigen, a low affinity receptor), Fc gamma RII (the CD32 antigen, a high affinity receptor), and Fc gamma RIII (the CD16 antigen, a low affinity receptor).
Immunoglobulin J-Chains
A 15 kD "joining" peptide that forms one of the linkages between monomers of IMMUNOGLOBULIN A or IMMUNOGLOBULIN M in the formation of polymeric immunoglobulins. There is one J chain per one IgA dimer or one IgM pentamer. It is also involved in binding the polymeric immunoglobulins to POLYMERIC IMMUNOGLOBULIN RECEPTOR which is necessary for their transcytosis to the lumen. It is distinguished from the IMMUNOGLOBULIN JOINING REGION which is part of the IMMUNOGLOBULIN VARIABLE REGION of the immunoglobulin light and heavy chains.
Antibody Affinity
A measure of the binding strength between antibody and a simple hapten or antigen determinant. It depends on the closeness of stereochemical fit between antibody combining sites and antigen determinants, on the size of the area of contact between them, and on the distribution of charged and hydrophobic groups. It includes the concept of "avidity," which refers to the strength of the antigen-antibody bond after formation of reversible complexes.
Antibody Formation
Colostrum
Antigen-Antibody Complex
Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic
Immunization
Deliberate stimulation of the host's immune response. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of ANTIGENS or IMMUNOLOGIC ADJUVANTS. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of IMMUNE SERA or LYMPHOCYTES or their extracts (e.g., transfer factor, immune RNA) or transplantation of immunocompetent cell producing tissue (thymus or bone marrow).
Receptors, Polymeric Immunoglobulin
Specialized Fc receptors (RECEPTORS, FC) for polymeric immunoglobulins, which mediate transcytosis of polymeric IMMUNOGLOBULIN A and IMMUNOGLOBULIN M into external secretions. They are found on the surfaces of epithelial cells and hepatocytes. After binding to IMMUNOGLOBULIN A, the receptor-ligand complex undergoes endocytosis, transport by vesicle, and secretion into the lumen by exocytosis. Before release, the part of the receptor (SECRETORY COMPONENT) that is bound to IMMUNOGLOBULIN A is proteolytically cleaved from its transmembrane tail. (From Rosen et al., The Dictionary of Immunology, 1989)
Immune Sera
Immunization, Passive
Cross Reactions
Immunoglobulin Joining Region
A segment of the immunoglobulin heavy chains, encoded by the IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAIN GENES in the J segment where, during the maturation of B-LYMPHOCYTES; the gene segment for the variable region upstream is joined to a constant region gene segment downstream. The exact position of joining of the two gene segments is variable and contributes to ANTIBODY DIVERSITY. It is distinguished from the IMMUNOGLOBULIN J CHAINS; a separate polypeptide that serves as a linkage piece in polymeric IGA or IGM.
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Rabbits
Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell
gamma-Globulins
Serum globulins that migrate to the gamma region (most positively charged) upon ELECTROPHORESIS. At one time, gamma-globulins came to be used as a synonym for immunoglobulins since most immunoglobulins are gamma globulins and conversely most gamma globulins are immunoglobulins. But since some immunoglobulins exhibit an alpha or beta electrophoretic mobility, that usage is in decline.
Binding Sites, Antibody
Bacterial Vaccines
Plasmacytoma
Opsonin Proteins
Immunodiffusion
Immunoelectrophoresis
A technique that combines protein electrophoresis and double immunodiffusion. In this procedure proteins are first separated by gel electrophoresis (usually agarose), then made visible by immunodiffusion of specific antibodies. A distinct elliptical precipitin arc results for each protein detectable by the antisera.
Fluorescent Antibody Technique
Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.
Autoantibodies
Amino Acid Sequence
Immunoglobulin Idiotypes
Unique genetically-controlled determinants present on ANTIBODIES whose specificity is limited to a single group of proteins (e.g., another antibody molecule or an individual myeloma protein). The idiotype appears to represent the antigenicity of the antigen-binding site of the antibody and to be genetically codetermined with it. The idiotypic determinants have been precisely located to the IMMUNOGLOBULIN VARIABLE REGION of both immunoglobin polypeptide chains.
Immunoenzyme Techniques
Genes, Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain
Somatic Hypermutation, Immunoglobulin
Agammaglobulinemia
Complement System Proteins
Serum glycoproteins participating in the host defense mechanism of COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION that creates the COMPLEMENT MEMBRANE ATTACK COMPLEX. Included are glycoproteins in the various pathways of complement activation (CLASSICAL COMPLEMENT PATHWAY; ALTERNATIVE COMPLEMENT PATHWAY; and LECTIN COMPLEMENT PATHWAY).
Rubella virus
Antibodies
Antigen-Antibody Reactions
Base Sequence
Immunoglobulin delta-Chains
Antigens, Protozoan
Immunoglobulin Switch Region
A site located in the INTRONS at the 5' end of each constant region segment of a immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene where recombination (or rearrangement) occur during IMMUNOGLOBULIN CLASS SWITCHING. Ig switch regions are found on genes encoding all five classes (IMMUNOGLOBULIN ISOTYPES) of IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAINS.
Immunoassay
Immunoglobulin alpha-Chains
Sensitivity and Specificity
Complement Fixation Tests
Serologic tests based on inactivation of complement by the antigen-antibody complex (stage 1). Binding of free complement can be visualized by addition of a second antigen-antibody system such as red cells and appropriate red cell antibody (hemolysin) requiring complement for its completion (stage 2). Failure of the red cells to lyse indicates that a specific antigen-antibody reaction has taken place in stage 1. If red cells lyse, free complement is present indicating no antigen-antibody reaction occurred in stage 1.
Neutralization Tests
The measurement of infection-blocking titer of ANTISERA by testing a series of dilutions for a given virus-antiserum interaction end-point, which is generally the dilution at which tissue cultures inoculated with the serum-virus mixtures demonstrate cytopathology (CPE) or the dilution at which 50% of test animals injected with serum-virus mixtures show infectivity (ID50) or die (LD50).
Immunity, Maternally-Acquired
Immunoglobulin Gm Allotypes
Hybridomas
Toxoplasma
Secretory Component
The extracellular moiety of the POLYMERIC IMMUNOGLOBULIN RECEPTOR found alone or complexed with IGA or IGM, in a variety of external secretions (tears, bile, colostrum.) Secretory component is derived by proteolytic cleavage of the receptor during transcytosis. When immunoglobulins IgA and IgM are bound to the receptor, during their transcytosis secretory component becomes covalently attached to them generating SECRETORY IMMUNOGLOBULIN A or secretory IMMUNOGLOBULIN M.
Complement C3
A glycoprotein that is central in both the classical and the alternative pathway of COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION. C3 can be cleaved into COMPLEMENT C3A and COMPLEMENT C3B, spontaneously at low level or by C3 CONVERTASE at high level. The smaller fragment C3a is an ANAPHYLATOXIN and mediator of local inflammatory process. The larger fragment C3b binds with C3 convertase to form C5 convertase.
Phagocytosis
Lymphocytes
White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.
Plasma Cells
Specialized forms of antibody-producing B-LYMPHOCYTES. They synthesize and secrete immunoglobulin. They are found only in lymphoid organs and at sites of immune responses and normally do not circulate in the blood or lymph. (Rosen et al., Dictionary of Immunology, 1989, p169 & Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 2d ed, p20)
Saliva
Vaccination
T-Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.
Rheumatoid Factor
Evaluation Studies as Topic
Hemagglutination Tests
Rubella
Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Heavy Chain
Antigens, Surface
Immunity, Mucosal
Nonsusceptibility to the pathogenic effects of foreign microorganisms or antigenic substances as a result of antibody secretions of the mucous membranes. Mucosal epithelia in the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and reproductive tracts produce a form of IgA (IMMUNOGLOBULIN A, SECRETORY) that serves to protect these ports of entry into the body.
Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte
Lymphocyte Activation
Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.
Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic
Radioimmunoassay
Classic quantitative assay for detection of antigen-antibody reactions using a radioactively labeled substance (radioligand) either directly or indirectly to measure the binding of the unlabeled substance to a specific antibody or other receptor system. Non-immunogenic substances (e.g., haptens) can be measured if coupled to larger carrier proteins (e.g., bovine gamma-globulin or human serum albumin) capable of inducing antibody formation.
Hypergammaglobulinemia
Adjuvants, Immunologic
Substances that augment, stimulate, activate, potentiate, or modulate the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. The classical agents (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contain bacterial antigens. Some are endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Their mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy of many biological response modifiers is related to their antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity.
Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests
Paraproteinemias
Goats
Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating
Cells, Cultured
Seroepidemiologic Studies
Vaccines, Synthetic
Cattle
Antibody-Producing Cells
Pokeweed Mitogens
Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins
Dysgammaglobulinemia
Immunoblotting
Agglutinins
Recombinant Fusion Proteins
Immunosorbent Techniques
Genes, Immunoglobulin Light Chain
Immunoglobulin epsilon-Chains
The class of heavy chains found in IMMUNOGLOBULIN E. They have a molecular weight of approximately 72 kDa and they contain about 550 amino acid residues arranged in five domains and about three times more carbohydrate than the heavy chains of IMMUNOGLOBULIN A; IMMUNOGLOBULIN D; and IMMUNOGLOBULIN G.
Multiple Myeloma
A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.
Blood Bactericidal Activity
The natural bactericidal property of BLOOD due to normally occurring antibacterial substances such as beta lysin, leukin, etc. This activity needs to be distinguished from the bactericidal activity contained in a patient's serum as a result of antimicrobial therapy, which is measured by a SERUM BACTERICIDAL TEST.
Lipopolysaccharides
Lipid-containing polysaccharides which are endotoxins and important group-specific antigens. They are often derived from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and induce immunoglobulin secretion. The lipopolysaccharide molecule consists of three parts: LIPID A, core polysaccharide, and O-specific chains (O ANTIGENS). When derived from Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharides serve as polyclonal B-cell mitogens commonly used in laboratory immunology. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
Pregnancy
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
Gene Rearrangement
Interleukin-4
Bence Jones Protein
Erythrocytes
Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Light Chain
Autoimmune Diseases
Flow Cytometry
Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.
Antigens, Helminth
Antigens, CD
Differentiation antigens residing on mammalian leukocytes. CD stands for cluster of differentiation, which refers to groups of monoclonal antibodies that show similar reactivity with certain subpopulations of antigens of a particular lineage or differentiation stage. The subpopulations of antigens are also known by the same CD designation.
Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
Species Specificity
The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.
Immunologic Techniques
Vaccines, Conjugate
Semisynthetic vaccines consisting of polysaccharide antigens from microorganisms attached to protein carrier molecules. The carrier protein is recognized by macrophages and T-cells thus enhancing immunity. Conjugate vaccines induce antibody formation in people not responsive to polysaccharide alone, induce higher levels of antibody, and show a booster response on repeated injection.
Polymerase Chain Reaction
In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Protein Binding
Complement Activation
Interferon-gamma
The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.
Cloning, Molecular
Common Variable Immunodeficiency
Rosette Formation
The in vitro formation of clusters consisting of a cell (usually a lymphocyte) surrounded by antigenic cells or antigen-bearing particles (usually erythrocytes, which may or may not be coated with antibody or antibody and complement). The rosette-forming cell may be an antibody-forming cell, a memory cell, a T-cell, a cell bearing surface cytophilic antibodies, or a monocyte possessing Fc receptors. Rosette formation can be used to identify specific populations of these cells.
Agglutination Tests
Antitoxins
Antibody Diversity
The phenomenon of immense variability characteristic of ANTIBODIES. It enables the IMMUNE SYSTEM to react specifically against the essentially unlimited kinds of ANTIGENS it encounters. Antibody diversity is accounted for by three main theories: (1) the Germ Line Theory, which holds that each antibody-producing cell has genes coding for all possible antibody specificities, but expresses only the one stimulated by antigen; (2) the Somatic Mutation Theory, which holds that antibody-producing cells contain only a few genes, which produce antibody diversity by mutation; and (3) the Gene Rearrangement Theory, which holds that antibody diversity is generated by the rearrangement of IMMUNOGLOBULIN VARIABLE REGION gene segments during the differentiation of the ANTIBODY-PRODUCING CELLS.
Mice, Inbred Strains
Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation.
Periodontitis
Inflammation and loss of connective tissues supporting or surrounding the teeth. This may involve any part of the PERIODONTIUM. Periodontitis is currently classified by disease progression (CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS; AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS) instead of age of onset. (From 1999 International Workshop for a Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions, American Academy of Periodontology)
Nephelometry and Turbidimetry
Chemical analysis based on the phenomenon whereby light, passing through a medium with dispersed particles of a different refractive index from that of the medium, is attenuated in intensity by scattering. In turbidimetry, the intensity of light transmitted through the medium, the unscattered light, is measured. In nephelometry, the intensity of the scattered light is measured, usually, but not necessarily, at right angles to the incident light beam.
Complement C1q
A subcomponent of complement C1, composed of six copies of three polypeptide chains (A, B, and C), each encoded by a separate gene (C1QA; C1QB; C1QC). This complex is arranged in nine subunits (six disulfide-linked dimers of A and B, and three disulfide-linked homodimers of C). C1q has binding sites for antibodies (the heavy chain of IMMUNOGLOBULIN G or IMMUNOGLOBULIN M). The interaction of C1q and immunoglobulin activates the two proenzymes COMPLEMENT C1R and COMPLEMENT C1S, thus initiating the cascade of COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION via the CLASSICAL COMPLEMENT PATHWAY.
Cytomegalovirus
A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily BETAHERPESVIRINAE, infecting the salivary glands, liver, spleen, lungs, eyes, and other organs, in which they produce characteristically enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusions. Infection with Cytomegalovirus is also seen as an opportunistic infection in AIDS.
Papain
Antibodies, Antinuclear
Autoantibodies directed against various nuclear antigens including DNA, RNA, histones, acidic nuclear proteins, or complexes of these molecular elements. Antinuclear antibodies are found in systemic autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome, scleroderma, polymyositis, and mixed connective tissue disease.
Chromatography, Gel
Immunity, Cellular
Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia
A lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by pleomorphic B-LYMPHOCYTES including PLASMA CELLS, with increased levels of monoclonal serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN M. There is lymphoplasmacytic cells infiltration into bone marrow and often other tissues, also known as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Clinical features include ANEMIA; HEMORRHAGES; and hyperviscosity.
Iodine Radioisotopes
Immunoglobulin Km Allotypes
Pepsin A
Formed from pig pepsinogen by cleavage of one peptide bond. The enzyme is a single polypeptide chain and is inhibited by methyl 2-diaazoacetamidohexanoate. It cleaves peptides preferentially at the carbonyl linkages of phenylalanine or leucine and acts as the principal digestive enzyme of gastric juice.
Blood Proteins
Serum Albumin
Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic
Cytokines
Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.
Blotting, Western
DNA
A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).
Disease Models, Animal
Helicobacter Infections
Infections with organisms of the genus HELICOBACTER, particularly, in humans, HELICOBACTER PYLORI. The clinical manifestations are focused in the stomach, usually the gastric mucosa and antrum, and the upper duodenum. This infection plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type B gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.
Glycoproteins
Bacterial Toxins
CD4 Immunoadhesins
Chimeric molecules resulting from the fusion of recombinant soluble CD4 to the Fc portion of immunoglobulins. These have potential use in the therapy of AIDS since they possess both the gp120-binding and HIV-blocking properties of rCD4 as well as the long plasma half-life and Fc receptor-binding functions of immunoglobulin.
Helicobacter pylori
A spiral bacterium active as a human gastric pathogen. It is a gram-negative, urease-positive, curved or slightly spiral organism initially isolated in 1982 from patients with lesions of gastritis or peptic ulcers in Western Australia. Helicobacter pylori was originally classified in the genus CAMPYLOBACTER, but RNA sequencing, cellular fatty acid profiles, growth patterns, and other taxonomic characteristics indicate that the micro-organism should be included in the genus HELICOBACTER. It has been officially transferred to Helicobacter gen. nov. (see Int J Syst Bacteriol 1989 Oct;39(4):297-405).
The role of colorstrum on the occurrence of immunoglobulin G subclasses and antibody production in neonatal goats. (1/23942)
Quantitative determinations of IgG1 and IgG2, in one group of colostrum-fed and one group of colostrum-deprived neonatal goats revealed that the occurrence of the IgG1 subclass preceeded that of the IgG2 in both cases. In the colostrum-fed animals the IgG2 appeared, on an average, in the fourth week of life whereas in the colostrum-deprived animals the IgG2 was detected as early as three weeks after birth. At the age of twelve weeks the mean concentrations for IgG, and IgG2 were higher in the animals deprived of colostrum. The immune response to human gamma globulin was studied in colostrum-fed and colostrum-deprived neonatal goats which were immunized at birth and again after four and eight weeks. Following the first two antigen administrations a significantly higher response was obtained in the colostrum-fed neonates. However, the third injection determined a similar response in both groups. A marked suppressive effect on the immune response was observed in colostrum-fed neonatal goats when specific antibodies were present in the colostrum after preimmunization of the mothers with human gamma globulin. (+info)Features of the immune response to DNA in mice. I. Genetic control. (2/23942)
The genetic control of the immune response to DNA was studied in various strains of mice F1 hybrids and corresponding back-crosses immunized with single stranded DNA complexed to methylated bovine serum albumin. Anti-DNA antibody response was measured by radioimmuno-logical technique. High responder, low responder, and intermediate responder strains were found and the ability to respond to DNA was characterized as a dominant genetic trait which is not linked to the major locus of histocompatibility. Studies in back-crosses suggested that this immune response is under multigenic control. High responder mice produce both anti-double stranded DNA and anti-single stranded DNA 7S and 19S antibodies, while low responder mice produce mainly anti-single stranded DNA 19S antibodies. (+info)VEGF is required for growth and survival in neonatal mice. (3/23942)
We employed two independent approaches to inactivate the angiogenic protein VEGF in newborn mice: inducible, Cre-loxP- mediated gene targeting, or administration of mFlt(1-3)-IgG, a soluble VEGF receptor chimeric protein. Partial inhibition of VEGF achieved by inducible gene targeting resulted in increased mortality, stunted body growth and impaired organ development, most notably of the liver. Administration of mFlt(1-3)-IgG, which achieves a higher degree of VEGF inhibition, resulted in nearly complete growth arrest and lethality. Ultrastructural analysis documented alterations in endothelial and other cell types. Histological and biochemical changes consistent with liver and renal failure were observed. Endothelial cells isolated from the liver of mFlt(1-3)-IgG-treated neonates demonstrated an increased apoptotic index, indicating that VEGF is required not only for proliferation but also for survival of endothelial cells. However, such treatment resulted in less significant alterations as the animal matured, and the dependence on VEGF was eventually lost some time after the fourth postnatal week. Administration of mFlt(1-3)-IgG to juvenile mice failed to induce apoptosis in liver endothelial cells. Thus, VEGF is essential for growth and survival in early postnatal life. However, in the fully developed animal, VEGF is likely to be involved primarily in active angiogenesis processes such as corpus luteum development. (+info)Interaction of inflammatory cells and oral microorganisms. III. Modulation of rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocyte hydrolase release response to Actinomyces viscosus and Streptococcus mutans by immunoglobulins and complement. (4/23942)
In the absence of antiserum, rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) released lysosomal enzymes in response to Actinomyces viscosus (19246) but not to Streptococcus mutans (6715). Antibodies had a marked modulating influence on these reactions. PMN hydrolase release was significantly enhanced to both organisms when specific rabbit antiserum and isolated immunoglobulin G (IgG) were included in the incubations. Immune complex F(ab')2 fragments of IgG directed against S. mutans agglutinated bacteria. Immune complexes consisting of S. mutans and F(ab')2 fragments of IgG directed against this organism were not effective as bacteria-IgG complexes in stimulating PMN release. The intensity of the release response to bacteria-IgG complexes was also diminished when PMNs were preincubated with isolated Fc fragments derived from IgG. Fresh serum as a source of complement components had no demonstrable effect on PMN release either alone or in conjuction with antiserum in these experiments. These data may be relevant to the mechanisms and consequences of the interaction of PMNs and plaque bacteria in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. (+info)Prevention of collagen-induced arthritis by gene delivery of soluble p75 tumour necrosis factor receptor. (5/23942)
Collagen type II-induced arthritis (CIA) in DBA/1 mice can be passively transferred to SCID mice with spleen B- and T-lymphocytes. In the present study, we show that infection ex vivo of splenocytes from arthritic DBA/1 mice with a retroviral vector, containing cDNA for the soluble form of human p75 receptor of tumour necrosis factor (TNF-R) before transfer, prevents the development of arthritis, bone erosion and joint inflammation in the SCID recipients. Assessment of IgG subclass levels and studies of synovial histology suggest that down-regulating the effector functions of T helper-type 1 (Th1) cells may, at least in part, explain the inhibition of arthritis in the SCID recipients. In contrast, the transfer of splenocytes infected with mouse TNF-alpha gene construct resulted in exacerbated arthritis and enhancement of IgG2a antibody levels. Intriguingly, infection of splenocytes from arthritic DBA/1 mice with a construct for mouse IL-10 had no modulating effect on the transfer of arthritis. The data suggest that manipulation of the immune system with cytokines, or cytokine inhibitors using gene transfer protocols can be an effective approach to ameliorate arthritis. (+info)Variable domain-linked oligosaccharides of a human monoclonal IgG: structure and influence on antigen binding. (6/23942)
The variable-domain-attached oligosaccharide side chains of a human IgG produced by a human-human-mouse heterohybridoma were analysed. In addition to the conserved N-glycosylation site at Asn-297, an N-glycosylation consensus sequence (Asn-Asn-Ser) is located at position 75 in the variable region of its heavy chain. The antibody was cleaved into its antigen-binding (Fab) and crystallizing fragments. The oligosaccharides of the Fab fragment were released by digestion with various endo- and exoglycosidases and analysed by anion-exchange chromatography and fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis. The predominant components were disialyl- bi-antennary and tetra-sialyl tetra-antennary complex carbohydrates. Of note is the presence in this human IgG of oligosaccharides containing N-glycolylneuraminic acid and N-acetylneuraminic acid in the ratio of 94:6. Furthermore, we determined N-acetylgalactosamine in the Fab fragment of this antibody, suggesting the presence of O-linked carbohydrates. A three-dimensional structure of the glycosylated variable (Fv) fragment was suggested using computer-assisted modelling. In addition, the influence of the Fv-associated oligosaccharides of the CBGA1 antibody on antigen binding was tested in several ELISA systems. Deglycosylation resulted in a decreased antigen-binding activity. (+info)Zonula occludens toxin is a powerful mucosal adjuvant for intranasally delivered antigens. (7/23942)
Zonula occludens toxin (Zot) is produced by toxigenic strains of Vibrio cholerae and has the ability to reversibly alter intestinal epithelial tight junctions, allowing the passage of macromolecules through the mucosal barrier. In the present study, we investigated whether Zot could be exploited to deliver soluble antigens through the nasal mucosa for the induction of antigen-specific systemic and mucosal immune responses. Intranasal immunization of mice with ovalbumin (Ova) and recombinant Zot, either fused to the maltose-binding protein (MBP-Zot) or with a hexahistidine tag (His-Zot), induced anti-Ova serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers that were approximately 40-fold higher than those induced by immunization with antigen alone. Interestingly, Zot also stimulated high anti-Ova IgA titers in serum, as well as in vaginal and intestinal secretions. A comparison with Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) revealed that the adjuvant activity of Zot was only sevenfold lower than that of LT. Moreover, Zot and LT induced similar patterns of Ova-specific IgG subclasses. The subtypes IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b were all stimulated, with a predominance of IgG1 and IgG2b. In conclusion, our results highlight Zot as a novel potent mucosal adjuvant of microbial origin. (+info)The levels and bactericidal capacity of antibodies directed against the UspA1 and UspA2 outer membrane proteins of Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis in adults and children. (8/23942)
The UspA1 and UspA2 proteins from Moraxella catarrhalis share antigenic epitopes and are promising vaccine candidates. In this study, the levels and bactericidal activities of antibodies in sera from healthy adults and children toward UspA1 and UspA2 from the O35E strain were measured. Human sera contained antibodies to both proteins, and the levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies were age dependent. Adult sera had significantly higher titers of IgG than child sera (P < 0.01). The IgG3 titers to the UspA proteins were higher than the IgG1 titers in the adults' sera, while the IgG1 titers were higher than the IgG3 titers in the children's sera (P < 0.05). The IgG antibodies in the sera from 2-month-old children appeared to be maternally derived, since the mean titer was significantly higher than that in sera from 6- to 7-month-old children (P < 0.05). Serum IgA antibodies to both UspA1 and UspA2 were low during the first 7 months of age but thereafter gradually increased along with the IgG titers. Analysis of sera absorbed with UspA1 or UspA2 showed that the antibodies to UspA1 and UspA2 were cross-reactive with each other and associated with serum bactericidal activity. Examination of affinity-purified human antibodies confirmed that naturally acquired antibodies to UspA1 and UspA2 were bactericidal and cross-reactive. These results support using UspA1 and UspA2 in a vaccine to prevent M. catarrhalis infections. (+info)
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Immunoglobulin E - Wikipedia
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a type of antibody (or immunoglobulin (Ig) "isotype") that has only been found in mammals. IgE is ... Presence of a unique immunoglobulin as a carrier of reaginic activity". J. Immunol. 97 (1): 75-85. PMID 4162440.. ... Winter WE, Hardt NS, Fuhrman S (2000). "Immunoglobulin E: importance in parasitic infections and hypersensitivity responses". ... Johansson SG, Bennich H. Immunological studies of an atypical (myeloma) immunoglobulin. Immunology 1967; 13:381-94. ...
Immunoglobulin therapy - Wikipedia
Immunoglobulin therapy, also known as normal human immunoglobulin (NHIG), is the use of a mixture of antibodies ( ... Some believe that immunoglobulin therapy may work via a multi-step model where the injected immunoglobulin first forms a type ... Although immunoglobulin is frequently used for long periods of time and is generally considered safe, immunoglobulin therapy ... an immunoglobulin infusion may pass a virus to its recipient.[16] Some immunoglobulin solutions also contain isohemagglutinins ...
Immunoglobulin A
... one of the most common immunoglobulins, it is mainly present in body secretions and is the chief antibody in the mucous ... One of the five classes of immunoglobulins; one of the most common immunoglobulins, it is mainly present in body secretions and ... One of the five classes of immunoglobulins; ... Immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM) * Immunophenotyping by Flow ...
Immunoglobulin D
The Immunoglobulin a System | SpringerLink
The International Symposium on the Immunoglobulin A System was organized in observance of the twenty-fifth anni- versary of the ... Immunoglobulin A was chosen as the sub- ject of the Symposium because of its broad scope in relation to all biologic sciences, ... antibody antigen bacteria dentistry genetics immune system immunity immunization immunoglobulin infection planning prevention ... The International Symposium on the Immunoglobulin A System was organized in observance of the twenty-fifth anni- versary of the ...
Blood Test: Immunoglobulin A (IgA)
Antibody Immunoglobulin Diversity
The plasma cells switch from producing IgM to IgG or to another immunoglobulin class. The switch involves a change in the H ... The genes coding for these diverse range of immunoglobulins however are limited and do not number similar to the variety of ... The variable region of each immunoglobulin heavy or light chain is encoded in several pieces on the genes. These are called ... This process results in an immunoglobulin gene that encodes an antibody of a different isotype. ...
Immunoglobulin d Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
Immunoglobulin d definition at Dictionary.com, a free online dictionary with pronunciation, synonyms and translation. Look it ... immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin D, immunoglobulin E, immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M, immunohematology, ... Words nearby immunoglobulin D. immunogenetics, immunogenic, immunogenicity, immunoglobulin, ...
Definition: Immunoglobulin (IgE) (for Parents) - Nemours
Immunoglobulin genes (eBook, 1989) [WorldCat.org]
Immunoglobulin genes. [T Honjo; Frederick W Alt; T H Rabbitts;] -- Immunoglobin Genes is the first comprehensive book on the ... Immunoglobulin a schema:Intangible ;. schema:name "Genes, Immunoglobulin"@en ;. . ... Immunoglobulin genes. Author:. T Honjo; Frederick W Alt; T H Rabbitts. Publisher:. London ; San Diego : Academic Press, ©1989. ... Immunoglobulin genes/T Honjo; Frederick W Alt; T H Rabbitts;; London ; San Diego : Academic Press, ©1989. ...
Definition: Immunoglobulin (IgE) (for Teens) - Nemours
What is immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy?
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy is characterized by predominant IgA deposition in the glomerular mesangium.{ref1} It is one ... What is immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy?. Updated: Feb 15, 2018 * Author: Sohail Abdul Salim, MD, FASN, FACP; Chief Editor: ... Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy is characterized by predominant IgA deposition in the glomerular mesangium. [1] It is one of ... Guideline] Chapter 10: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy. Kidney Int Suppl (2011). 2012 Jun. 2 (2):209-217. [Medline]. [Full Text]. ...
Global Immunoglobulin Therapeutics Market
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) holds the highest share (44%) in the global blood plasma market, with a revenue of $9.24 billion. ... Immunoglobulin (Ig) therapies are among the oldest therapeutic moieties employed in a broad range of pathological conditions. ... Immunoglobulin G (IgG) holds the highest share (44%) in the global blood plasma market, with a revenue of $9.24 billion. ... Immunoglobulin (Ig) therapies are among the oldest therapeutic moieties employed in a broad range of pathological conditions. ...
Immunoglobulin Deficiency - symptoms of deficiency?
... immunoglobulin deficiency - Answer: Most people with selective IgA (immunoglobulin) deficiency have no ... ... Home › Q & A › Questions › Immunoglobulin Deficiency -.... Immunoglobulin Deficiency - symptoms of deficiency?. Asked. 29 Nov ... Immunoglobulin Deficiency - Is ivig safe and how long do I have to use it?. Posted 23 Oct 2011 • 2 answers ... Most people with selective IgA (immunoglobulin) deficiency have no symptoms.. Some people with this condition have chronic ...
Immunoglobulins: Chemical Typing of Immunoglobulins | Nature
IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G, SERUM
Thyroid Stimulating Immunoglobulin
Antenatal prophylaxis with anti-D immunoglobulin | The BMJ
Antenatal prophylaxis with anti-D immunoglobulin | The BMJ
Adhesion molecule, immunoglobulin-like (IPR015169) | InterPro | EMBL-EBI
The structure of immunoglobulin superfamily domains 1 and 2 of MAdCAM-1 reveals novel features important for integrin ... The structure of immunoglobulin superfamily domains 1 and 2 of MAdCAM-1 reveals novel features important for integrin ... MAdCAM-1 belongs to a subclass of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), the members of which are ligands for integrins [PMID: ... 9655832]. The crystal structure of this domain has been reported; it adopts an immunoglobulin-like beta-sandwich structure, ...
CSF Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Index: MedlinePlus Medical Test
IgG stands for immunoglobulin G, a type of antibody. Antibodies are proteins made by the immune system to fight viruses, ... URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/csf-immunoglobulin-g-igg-index/ CSF Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Index. ... Other names: cerebrospinal fluid IgG level, cerebrospinal fluid IgG measurement, CSF IgG level, IgG (Immunoglobulin G) spinal ... www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/medicaltest/immunoglobulins/hw41342.html#hw41354 ...
Immunoglobulin D Deficiency: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology
... deficiency is a defect of humoral immunity that is characterized by abnormally low serum levels of IgD immunoglobulins. Little ... encoded search term (Immunoglobulin%20D%20Deficiency) and Immunoglobulin D Deficiency What to Read Next on Medscape. Medscape ... Immunoglobulin D Deficiency. Updated: Sep 13, 2016 * Author: Camellia L Hernandez, MD; Chief Editor: Michael A Kaliner, MD more ... Immunoglobulin D (IgD) deficiency is a defect of humoral immunity that is characterized by abnormally low serum levels of IgD ...
Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) | OncoLink
IVIG combines immunoglobulin from the blood of many people to boost, this is used to boost the patients immune system to fight ... About Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) What is immunoglobulin?. An immunoglobulin is also known as an antibody. It is a ... Immunoglobulin can be collected from the plasma of donated blood. It takes the plasma from thousands of people to make a dose ... There are some immunoglobulin products that are given by an injection into the muscle (called IM) or under the skin (called ...
immunoglobulin facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about immunoglobulin
Make research projects and school reports about immunoglobulin easy with credible articles from our FREE, online encyclopedia ... The main immunoglobulin of blood, lymph, and tissue fluid is immunoglobulin G (IgG). It binds to microorganisms, promoting ... immunoglobulin Protein found in the blood that plays a role in the immune system. Immunoglobulins act as antibodies for ... immunoglobulin An antibody secreted by B cells.. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography ...
Immunoglobulin A Deficiency Medication: Vaccines, inactivated bacteria
Total immunoglobulin A deficiency (IgAD) is defined as an undetectable serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) level at a value < 5 mg/dL ... Selective immunoglobulin A deficiency (SIgAD) is a primary immunodeficiency disease and is the most common of the primary ... encoded search term (Immunoglobulin A Deficiency) and Immunoglobulin A Deficiency What to Read Next on Medscape. Related ... Immunoglobulin A Deficiency Medication. Updated: May 15, 2018 * Author: Marina Y Dolina, MD; Chief Editor: Michael A Kaliner, ...
RCSB PDB - 1BRE: IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAIN PROTEIN
An immunoglobulin light chain protein was isolated from the urine of an individual (BRE) with systemic amyloidosis. Complete ... An immunoglobulin light chain protein was isolated from the urine of an individual (BRE) with systemic amyloidosis. Complete ... Tertiary structure of an amyloid immunoglobulin light chain protein: a proposed model for amyloid fibril formation.. Schormann ...
Immunoglobulins Blood Test: MedlinePlus Medical Test
An immunoglobulins test measures the levels of certain antibodies in your blood. Abnormal levels can indicate a serious health ... What is an immunoglobulins blood test?. This test measures the amount of immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, in your ... An immunoglobulins test usually measures three specific types of immunoglobulins. They are called igG, igM, and IgA. If your ... Why do I need an immunoglobulins blood test?. You may need this test if your health care provider thinks your immunoglobulin ...
001776: Immunoglobulin G, Quantitative | LabCorp
Immunoglobulin G, Qn, Serum. 2465-3. 001776. Immunoglobulin G, Qn, Serum. mg/dL. 2465-3. ... Immunoglobulin G is the major antibody containing protein fraction of blood. With significant decreases in IgG level, on either ... patients with repeated infection should have their immunoglobulins, and specifically IgG, measured. Therapy with exogenous γ- ...
AntibodiesAntibodyIVIGProteinsGenesLight chainsHigh-Dose Intravenous ImmunoglobulinDeficiency2018ChainsReceptorLevel of immunoglobulinLevels of immunoglobulinStructure of immunoglobulinDefinition of immunoglobulinHumansIndicationsSerum immunoglobulinQuantitativeSuperfamily memberMouse immunoglobulinNormal immunoglobulinTotal immunoglobulinsMonoclonal immunoglobulinIntravenous immunoglobulins2017IsotypesDiseasesInfectionSubstancesTherapyPolymericLymphocytesGlycoproteinsDiseaseMyasthenia GravisBloodMiceFLCsHumanPatientsNephropathyBacteriaTherapeuticEncodesTreatmentFetusMammalsInfusionInjection
Antibodies22
- An IgA test measures the blood level of immunoglobulin A, one of the most common types of antibodies in the body. (kidshealth.org)
- Antibodies (also called immunoglobulins) are proteins the immune system makes to recognize and get rid of germs . (kidshealth.org)
- Immunoglobulin therapy , also known as normal human immunoglobulin ( NHIG ), is the use of a mixture of antibodies (immunoglobulins) to treat a number of health conditions. (wikipedia.org)
- The genes coding for these diverse range of immunoglobulins however are limited and do not number similar to the variety of antibodies. (news-medical.net)
- immunoglobulin One of a group of proteins ( globulins ) in the body that act as antibodies . (encyclopedia.com)
- This test measures the amount of immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, in your blood. (medlineplus.gov)
- Immunoglobulin G antibodies are the only antibodies that pass from mother to fetus through the placenta. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Elevated immunoglobulin levels mean that the body's immune system has produced antibodies in response to a threat, such as bacteria, viruses, fungus, animal dander or cancer cells. (reference.com)
- Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, attach themselves to foreign objects so that the immune system can destroy them, notes WebMD. (reference.com)
- Produced by the body's immune system, antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are Y-shaped proteins that help identify and remove antigens and other for. (reference.com)
- amysamp - I see your thinking, that you may need to replenish the IgA if it is high and therefore chronically fighting the infection therefore you might need new immunoglobulin antibodies to continue the fight. (wisegeek.com)
- How great are these immunoglobulin antibodies? (wisegeek.com)
- Here, we describe a method for rapid and consistent global characterization of leachable metal- or peroxide-stressed immunoglobulin (lg) G1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). (genengnews.com)
- An immunoglobulins test is done to measure the level of immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies , in your blood. (cigna.com)
- PhysOrg.com) -- Like a blood-borne army, immunoglobulin G belongs to a class of antibodies that binds to viruses, fungi, bacteria and other foreign particles to initiate their destruction. (phys.org)
- Immunoglobulins are commonly known as antibodies . (chegg.com)
- Immunoglobulin A is one class of a group of immunoglobulin proteins known as antibodies. (embracepetinsurance.com)
- IgA (shorthand for Immunoglobulin A) is a class of antibodies that works to protect the surfaces of the body from the most immediate, superficial kind of invaders. (embracepetinsurance.com)
- Stimulation of resting B lymphocytes with antibodies to surface immunoglobulin (sIgD or sIgM) induces protein tyrosine phosphorylation, implicating one or more B-cell protein-tyrosine kinases (PTKs) in sIg signal transduction. (pnas.org)
- When you are given an immunoglobulin, your body uses antibodies from other people's blood plasma to help prevent illness. (wellspan.org)
- Treatments for some cancers can cause the body to stop producing its own antibodies, making immunoglobulin treatment necessary. (wellspan.org)
- Zoster Immunoglobulin-VF contains protein substances called antibodies which can provide protection against the virus causing chickenpox and shingles. (nps.org.au)
Antibody27
- Immunoglobulin E ( IgE ) is a type of antibody (or immunoglobulin (Ig) " isotype ") that has only been found in mammals . (wikipedia.org)
- one of the most common immunoglobulins, it is mainly present in body secretions and is the chief antibody in the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tract and in saliva and tears. (labtestsonline.org)
- This process results in an immunoglobulin gene that encodes an antibody of a different isotype. (news-medical.net)
- Retrieved on May 22, 2019 from https://www.news-medical.net/health/Antibody-Immunoglobulin-Diversity.aspx. (news-medical.net)
- Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a type of protein in the body called an antibody. (kidshealth.org)
- These people have high levels of an allergy-causing antibody (a type of immune protein in the body) called immunoglobulin E (IgE). (kidshealth.org)
- IgG stands for immunoglobulin G, a type of antibody. (medlineplus.gov)
- An immunoglobulin is also known as an antibody. (oncolink.org)
- Immunoglobulin M ( IgM ) is the first antibody to be produced following immunization or infection. (encyclopedia.com)
- Immunoglobulin D ( IgD ) is present in serum in very low concentrations, but occurs on the surface of antibody-secreting B cells, whose activity it may regulate. (encyclopedia.com)
- Anti-D immunoglobulin treatment for thrombocytopenia associated with primary antibody deficiency. (medscape.com)
- Immunoglobulin G is the major antibody containing protein fraction of blood. (labcorp.com)
- Immunoglobulin A ( IgA , also referred to as sIgA in its secretory form) is an antibody that plays a crucial role in the immune function of mucous membranes . (wikipedia.org)
- Immunoglobulin, abbreviated at Ig, is also referred to as antibody. (wisegeek.com)
- Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is one of several isotypes of antibody (also known as immunoglobulin) that are produced by vertebrates. (wikipedia.org)
- Immunoglobulin M , or IgM for short, is a basic antibody that is present on B cells . (bionity.com)
- It is also the first immunoglobulin expressed in the fetus (around 20 weeks) and also phylogenetically the earliest antibody to develop. (bionity.com)
- An antibody , also known as an immunoglobulin , is a large Y-shaped protein used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as bacteria and viruses. (phys.org)
- the terms antibody and immunoglobulin are often used interchangeably. (phys.org)
- The gut characteristically produces gram quantities of immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody, which is presumed to protect the gut from pathogen attack. (sciencemag.org)
- 9. The composition of claim 1, wherein said immunoglobulins exhibit increased antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity. (freepatentsonline.com)
- 17. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 14, wherein said immunoglobulins comprise an antibody which binds to an antigen selected from the group consisting of growth factors, FGFR, EGFR, VEGF, leukocyte antigens, CD20, CD33, cytokines, TNF-α and TNF-β. (freepatentsonline.com)
- Immunoglobulin is a blood/plasma product, which is prepared from the serum of multiple of donors, used to treat patients with antibody deficiency. (medgadget.com)
- Prevalence of various antibody deficiency disorders such as common variable immune deficiency (CVID), specific antibody deficiency, and hypogammaglobulinemia, increase in immunoglobulin indications, improved production & purification processes, growth in awareness towards antibody deficiency, and rare immune disorders among patient population drive the growth of the Immunoglobulin market. (medgadget.com)
- A monoclonal anti-immunoglobulin E antibody used in the treatment of severe asthma and chronic idiopathic urticaria. (drugbank.ca)
- Immunoglobulin D ( IgD ) is an antibody isotype that makes up about 1% of proteins in the plasma membranes of immature B-lymphocytes where it is usually coexpressed with another cell surface antibody called IgM . (wikidoc.org)
- Allergic (extrinsic) asthma is associated with immunoglobulin E (IgE)-an antibody generated by the immune system, in this case, in response to a normally harmless substance. (verywellhealth.com)
IVIG11
- Immunoglobulin Deficiency - Is ivig safe and how long do I have to use it? (drugs.com)
- IVIG (Intravenous immunoglobulin)? (drugs.com)
- OKLAHOMA CITY , Sept. 12, 2018 /PRNewswire/ -- A subset of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), who have an immune abnormality, may benefit from intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) treatment, according to new research from Richard E. Frye , MD, PhD, Chief of Neurodevelopmental Disorders at the Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital. (prnewswire.com)
- Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is beneficial in other autoimmune diseases. (nih.gov)
- To review the literature on the use and efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in glomerulonephritis and to evaluate the nephrotoxic effect of IVIG. (nih.gov)
- What are the "off-label" uses of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in neurology? (medscape.com)
- To determine whether high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is more effective than placebo in restoring lost visual function (visual acuity) in optic neuritis (ON). (clinicaltrials.gov)
- The TGA has become aware of reports of a markedly increased incidence of serious adverse reactions associated with Octagam, an intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) preparation, manufactured by Octapharma in Europe. (tga.gov.au)
- Brooklyn, NY -- ( SBWIRE ) -- 11/01/2017 -- QYResearchReports.com has announced the addition of a report titled, "Global Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIg) Market Research Report 2017" to its depository. (sbwire.com)
- The improvement in the production of IVIg on account of technological advancements is another key catalyst of the market for intravenous immunoglobulin. (sbwire.com)
- The exorbitant costs of IVIg technology might also emerge as another restraint of the market for intravenous immunoglobulin. (sbwire.com)
Proteins4
- A preparation containing immunoglobulin proteins, especially immune globulin. (yourdictionary.com)
- The new vaccine worked well whether it contained interleukin-2 and immunoglobulin G proteins or the genes encoding these proteins. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Proteins in this superfamily contain varying numbers of immunoglobulin-like domains and are thought to participate in the regulation of interactions between cells. (nih.gov)
- A purified form of human immunoglobulin G and other proteins used to treat immunodeficiency and a wide variety of autoimmune disorders. (drugbank.ca)
Genes5
- The variable region of each immunoglobulin heavy or light chain is encoded in several pieces on the genes. (news-medical.net)
- More recently, expression of engineered immunoglobulin genes in tissue culture can be used to produce IgM with specific alternations and thus to identify the molecular requirements for features of interest. (wikipedia.org)
- The technique should also lead to the cloning of antigen-binding specificities directly from immunoglobulin genes. (pnas.org)
- Predicting the onset of AL is highly challenging, as each patient carries a different pathogenic LC sequence resulting from a unique rearrangement of variable (V) and joining (J) immunoglobulin genes and a unique set of somatic mutations (SMs) acquired during B cell affinity maturation 9 (Fig. 1a ). (nature.com)
- The bovine x mouse hybrid cells can be expected to provide bovine monoclonal immunoglobulins for sequencing studies and for use as serological standards as well as to provide messenger RNA for cloning bovine immunoglobulin genes. (sciencemag.org)
Light chains8
- Immunoglobulins include light chains and heavy chains. (wikipedia.org)
- Because of the less-than-robust response to therapy and impact on choice of optimal chemotherapy and prognosis, chronic kidney disease has drawn attention in the treatment of multiple myeloma, a malignant hematologic disorder that can produce significant amounts of monoclonal immunoglobulin free light chains (FLCs). (jci.org)
- Serological levels of free immunoglobulin light chains (FLCs), produced in excess of heavy chains during synthesis of immunoglobulins by plasma cells, can be considered a direct marker of B cell activity in different systemic inflammatory-autoimmune conditions and may represent a useful predictor of rituximab (RTX) therapeutic efficacy, as reported for rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. (hindawi.com)
- In systemic light chain amyloidosis (AL), pathogenic monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains (LC) form toxic aggregates and amyloid fibrils in target organs. (nature.com)
- Systemic light-chain amyloidosis (AL) is a monoclonal gammopathy characterized by the abnormal proliferation of a plasma cell clone producing large amounts of pathogenic immunoglobulin free light chains (LCs) 1 . (nature.com)
- Structural elements of immunoglobulin light chains are depicted on top of the sequences (FR1 = framework 1, CDR1 = complementary determining region 1, FR2 = framework 2, CDR2 = complementary determining region 2, FR3 = framework 3, CDR3 = complementary determining region 3, FR4 = framework 4). (nature.com)
- Structural elements of immunoglobulin light chains are shown on the left. (nature.com)
- They are comprised of two heavy (IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAINS) and two light chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) with additional ancillary polypeptide chains depending on their isoforms. (drugbank.ca)
High-Dose Intravenous Immunoglobulin1
- Favorable Outcome of Severe, Extensive, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor-Induced, Corticosteroid-Resistant Sweet's Syndrome Treated With High-Dose Intravenous Immunoglobulin. (medscape.com)
Deficiency8
- Immunoglobulin Deficiency - symptoms of deficiency? (drugs.com)
- Most people with selective IgA (immunoglobulin) deficiency have no symptoms. (drugs.com)
- Immunoglobulin D (IgD) deficiency is a defect of humoral immunity that is characterized by abnormally low serum levels of IgD immunoglobulins. (medscape.com)
- Immunoglobulin A deficiency (IgAD) has no specific treatment. (medscape.com)
- Favre O, Leimgruber A, Nicole A, Spertini F. Intravenous immunoglobulin replacement prevents severe and lower respiratory tract infections, but not upper respiratory tract and non-respiratory infections in common variable immune deficiency. (medscape.com)
- Immunoglobulin A Deficiency is a topic covered in the Select 5-Minute Pediatrics Topics . (unboundmedicine.com)
- 5minute , www.unboundmedicine.com/5minute/view/Select-5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/14162/all/Immunoglobulin_A_Deficiency. (unboundmedicine.com)
- When IgA is determined to be deficient in dogs, the condition may be diagnosed as "selective immunoglobulin A deficiency. (embracepetinsurance.com)
20181
- The immunoglobulin market size accounted for $9,972.9 million in 2017, and is projected to reach $16,694.7 million by 2025, registering a CAGR of 6.6% from 2018 to 2025. (medgadget.com)
Chains3
- as such, the molecular weight of slgA is 385,000D. One of these is the J chain (joining chain), which is a polypeptide of molecular mass 15kD, rich with cysteine and structurally completely different from other immunoglobulin chains. (wikipedia.org)
- Immunoglobulins are made of four protein chains. (chegg.com)
- There is provided an isolated immunoglobulin comprising two heavy polypeptide chains sufficient for the formation of a complete antigen binding site or several antigen binding sites, wherein the immunoglobulin is further devoid of light polypeptide chains. (freepatentsonline.com)
Receptor4
- The high prevalence of IgA in mucosal areas is a result of a cooperation between plasma cells that produce polymeric IgA (pIgA), and mucosal epithelial cells that express an immunoglobulin receptor called the polymeric Ig receptor (pIgR). (wikipedia.org)
- 5. The composition of claim 1, wherein said immunoglobulins exhibit decreased binding affinity for an FcγRIIb receptor. (freepatentsonline.com)
- 6. The composition of claim 1, wherein said immunoglobulins exhibit increased binding affinity for an FcγRIII receptor. (freepatentsonline.com)
- again this FeRn receptor, is taking that immunoglobulin from the lumenside. (coursera.org)
Level of immunoglobulin1
- The IgG test is used to measure the level of immunoglobulin G in the body. (healthtestingcenters.com)
Levels of immunoglobulin2
- After bone marrow transplant, it may be given to patients that have low levels of immunoglobulin. (oncolink.org)
- For adults, elevated levels of immunoglobulin E or IgE are above 423 international units per milliliter of blood, according to WebMD. (reference.com)
Structure of immunoglobulin2
- The structure of immunoglobulin superfamily domains 1 and 2 of MAdCAM-1 reveals novel features important for integrin recognition. (ebi.ac.uk)
- this (µL)2 structure is often referred to as the IgM "monomer", as it is analogous in some ways to the structure of immunoglobulin G (IgG). (wikipedia.org)
Definition of immunoglobulin1
- The definition of immunoglobulin is a protein that fights against disease. (yourdictionary.com)
Humans1
- Represents 15-20% of the human serum immunoglobulins, mostly as the 4-chain polymer in humans or dimer in other mammals. (jove.com)
Indications1
- Overall, 2% of patients who had received IV immunoglobulin for various indications were affected, compared with 4.1% of controls who had not received the treatment ( P =0.002), Howard Fillit, MD, of Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York, and colleagues reported in the July 21 issue of Neurology . (medpagetoday.com)
Serum immunoglobulin3
- Loh RK, Vale S, Maclean-Tooke A. Quantitative serum immunoglobulin tests. (medlineplus.gov)
- See the table of normal serum immunoglobulin ranges. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- Serum immunoglobulin profiles of septicemic versus healthy neonates. (biomedsearch.com)
Quantitative1
- The Immunoglobulin E (IgE) ELISA Kit is for the quantitative determination of IgE in human serum. (mpbio.com)
Superfamily member1
- Your search returned 4 immunoglobulin superfamily, member 10 Biomolecules across 2 suppliers. (biocompare.com)
Mouse immunoglobulin1
- We have designed a set of oligonucleotide primers to amplify the cDNA of mouse immunoglobulin heavy and light chain variable domains by the polymerase chain reaction. (pnas.org)
Normal immunoglobulin2
- Normal immunoglobulin E, or IgE, levels in children are 10 international units per milliliter for 1-year-olds. (reference.com)
- The V domains of normal immunoglobulin are highly heterogeneous, reflecting their role in protecting against the great variety of infectious microbes, and this heterogeneity impeded detailed structural analysis of IgM. (wikipedia.org)
Total immunoglobulins1
- [4] This represents up to 15% of total immunoglobulins produced throughout the body. (wikipedia.org)
Monoclonal immunoglobulin1
- To the extent that the experiments reflect the human condition, these studies offer insights into the pathogenesis of progressive kidney failure in the setting of lymphoproliferative disorders, such as multiple myeloma, that feature increased circulating levels of monoclonal immunoglobulin fragments that require metabolism by the kidney. (jci.org)
Intravenous immunoglobulins4
- Dantal J. Intravenous immunoglobulins: in-depth review of excipients and acute kidney injury risk. (medscape.com)
- High-dose intravenous immunoglobulins: an approach to treat severe immune-mediated and autoimmune diseases of the skin. (medscape.com)
- Intravenous immunoglobulins improve survival in monoclonal gammopathy-associated systemic capillary-leak syndrome. (medscape.com)
- The aim of this study is to study the efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulins for inducing remission in patients relapsing of systemic vasculitides. (clinicaltrials.gov)
20172
- Global Immunoglobulin Market Size 2017 Industry Trend and Forecast. (mynewsdesk.com)
- The Global And China Immunoglobulin Industry 2017 Market Research Report is a professional and in-depth study on the current state of the Immunoglobulin industry. (mynewsdesk.com)
Isotypes1
- In the 1960s, methods were developed for inducing immunoglobulin-producing tumors (plasmacytomas) in mice, thus also providing a source of homogeneous immunoglobulins of various isotypes, including IgM (reviewed in). (wikipedia.org)
Diseases8
- Immunoglobulin therapy is also used in some treatment protocols for secondary immunodeficiencies such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), some autoimmune disorders (such as immune thrombocytopenia and Kawasaki disease ), some neurological diseases ( multifocal motor neuropathy , stiff person syndrome , multiple sclerosis and myasthenia gravis ) some acute infections and some complications of organ transplantation. (wikipedia.org)
- The Chinese company added that the bovine immunoglobulin G (IgG) kits helps to prevent and treat blue ear disease, respiratory pneumonia, pseudorabies, swine fever and foot and mouth disease, which are common diseases affecting pig in the farming industry. (thefreedictionary.com)
- IV immunoglobulin has been used safely for more than 20 years to treat other diseases but is thought to have an indirect effect on Alzheimer's disease by targeting beta-amyloid," Dr. Fillit said. (medpagetoday.com)
- And if I remember correctly these diseases occur with low immunoglobulin counts so the immunoglobulin being administered via IV may be to increase the levels as opposed to replenish the levels. (wisegeek.com)
- Intramuscular immunoglobulin for recalcitrant suppurative diseases of the skin: a retrospective review of 63 cases. (medscape.com)
- And even though immunoglobulins are obtained from blood, they are purified so that they can't pass on diseases to the person who receives them. (wellspan.org)
- You may be given an immunoglobulin if you are exposed to certain infectious diseases, such as hepatitis A , rubella , or measles. (wellspan.org)
- As the number of patients suffering from pathological conditions and autoimmune diseases has been escalating by the day, the global demand for intravenous immunoglobulin is expected to multiply. (sbwire.com)
Infection7
- [2] A number of specific immunoglobulin formulations are also available including for hepatitis B , rabies , tetanus , varicella infection , and Rh positive blood exposure . (wikipedia.org)
- In these situations, immunoglobulin infusions confer passive resistance to infection on their recipients by increasing the quantity/quality of IgG they possess. (wikipedia.org)
- Immunoglobulin therapy is especially useful in some acute infection cases such as pediatric HIV infection and is also considered the standard of treatment for some autoimmune disorders such as Guillain-Barré syndrome . (wikipedia.org)
- While researchers have known for years that immunoglobulin A (IgA) is important for gut health, it has remained unclear exactly what role it plays in preventing infection and disease. (news-medical.net)
- If your immunoglobulin levels are too high, it may be a sign of an autoimmune disease, a chronic illness, an infection, or a type of cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
- One hundred and three patients (90 nonatopics and 13 atopics) with respiratory infections to various viral agents were studied retrospectively with respect to IgE immunoglobulin levels during acute (1 to 7 days) and convalescent (8 to 30 days) phases of infection. (nih.gov)
- Accordingly, a novel approach in prevention and reduction of H. pylori infection has been reported based on production of urease-specific immunoglobulin that can suppress the bacterial colonization through urease-binding by anti- H. pylori urease IgY (IgY-urease). (scirp.org)
Substances1
- Your body makes different types of immunoglobulins to fight different types of these substances. (medlineplus.gov)
Therapy7
- Human immunoglobulin therapy first occurred in the 1930s and a formulation for injection into a vein was approved for medical use in the United States in 1981. (wikipedia.org)
- Immunoglobulin therapy is also used for a number of other conditions, including in many autoimmune disorders such as dermatomyositis in an attempt to decrease the severity of symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
- Different national bodies and medical associations have established varying standards for the use of immunoglobulin therapy. (wikipedia.org)
- The National Advisory Committee on Blood and Blood Products of Canada (NAC) and Canadian Blood Services have also developed their own separate set of guidelines for the appropriate use of immunoglobulin therapy, which strongly support the use of immunoglobulin therapy in primary immunodeficiencies and some complications of HIV, while remaining silent on the issues of sepsis, multiple sclerosis, and chronic fatigue syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
- Replacement therapy is not practical for IgAD because of the short half-life of IgA and the relative paucity of IgA in commercial immunoglobulin preparations. (medscape.com)
- In November 2011, the IDF Medical Advisory Committee wrote a resolution regarding formulary changes that limit a physician's ability to determine the most appropriate immunoglobulin replacement therapy. (primaryimmune.org)
- Review of intravenous immunoglobulin replacement therapy trials for primary humoral immunodeficiency patients. (medscape.com)
Polymeric1
- It was initially expected that J chain would be important for forming the polymeric immunoglobulins, and indeed polymerization of IgA depends strongly (but not absolutely) on J chain. (wikipedia.org)
Lymphocytes3
- Genetic rearrangements occur during the maturation of B lymphocytes, eventually resulting in the surface expression of both immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgD on mature B cells. (medscape.com)
- Anti-immunoglobulin stimulation of B lymphocytes activates src-related protein-tyrosine kinases. (pnas.org)
- The interspecific fusion of normal bovine lymphocytes with a nonsecreting mouse hybridoma produced stable cell lines secreting bovine immunoglobulins. (sciencemag.org)
Glycoproteins1
- Immunoglobulins (Igs) are glycoproteins. (chegg.com)
Disease17
- [1] [2] These conditions include primary immunodeficiency , immune thrombocytopenic purpura , chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy , Kawasaki disease , certain cases of HIV/AIDS and measles , Guillain-Barré syndrome , and certain other infections when a more specific immunoglobulin is not available. (wikipedia.org)
- Explain to interested patients that this study identified an association between previous IV immunoglobulin use and a lower risk of Alzheimer's disease, but as a retrospective study subject to residual confounding, it could not prove causality. (medpagetoday.com)
- Point out that a clinical trial is underway to evaluate the use of IV immunoglobulin in patients with Alzheimer's disease. (medpagetoday.com)
- LITTLE FALLS, N.J., July 20 -- Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment was associated with a 42% reduced risk of developing Alzheimer's disease and similar disorders, a case-control study showed. (medpagetoday.com)
- He cautioned, however, that "these findings do not constitute an endorsement of IV immunoglobulin treatment for Alzheimer's disease. (medpagetoday.com)
- Small, preliminary studies of IV immunoglobulin treatment for patients with Alzheimer's disease have yielded positive results. (medpagetoday.com)
- These patients were matched by age, gender, and risk factors for Alzheimer's disease and related disorders with 84,700 controls who had not received IV immunoglobulin. (medpagetoday.com)
- Overall, through about four years of follow-up, 2% of patients treated with IV immunoglobulin developed Alzheimer's disease or a similar disorder, compared with 4.1% of the controls. (medpagetoday.com)
- Our study provides evidence that previous IV immunoglobulin treatments may protect against Alzheimer's disease," Dr. Fillit said. (medpagetoday.com)
- The researchers concluded, "These promising preliminary findings encourage additional research involving adequate, well-controlled, randomized clinical trials in order to more thoroughly evaluate the effects of IV immunoglobulin in Alzheimer's disease. (medpagetoday.com)
- Immunoglobulin is a type of protein that helps the body fight disease. (wisegeek.com)
- It is still possible to get the disease after the immunoglobulin has worn off. (wellspan.org)
- Celiac disease, eosinophilic esophagitis, and immediate-type immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergy. (greenmedinfo.com)
- Lupus, celiac disease, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis are some autoimmune conditions that are diagnosed via intravenous immunoglobulin tests. (sbwire.com)
- Based on application, the global intravenous immunoglobulin market has been segmented into disease treatment, disease prevention, and disease research. (sbwire.com)
- Patients with immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-related disease) can present to any clinical specialty. (cmaj.ca)
- Immunoglobulin G4-related disease is a systemic immune-mediated fibroinflammatory disease that presents as organ dysfunction or mass lesions with lymphoplasmacytic infiltration in single or multiple organs. (cmaj.ca)
Myasthenia Gravis2
- Barnett C, Wilson G, Barth D, Katzberg HD, Bril V. Changes in quality of life scores with intravenous immunoglobulin or plasmapheresis in patients with myasthenia gravis. (medscape.com)
- Sorgun MH, Sener HO, Yucesan C, Yucemen N. Intravenous immunoglobulin for prophylaxis of acute exacerbation in Myasthenia Gravis. (medscape.com)
Blood18
- [1] Human immunoglobulin is made from human blood plasma . (wikipedia.org)
- Immunoglobulin G (IgG) holds the highest share (44%) in the global blood plasma market, with a revenue of $9.24 billion. (frost.com)
- Immunoglobulin can be collected from the plasma of donated blood. (oncolink.org)
- The main immunoglobulin of blood, lymph, and tissue fluid is immunoglobulin G ( IgG ). (encyclopedia.com)
- Immunoglobulin E ( IgE ) also normally has very low concentrations in blood and connective tissues, but it plays a crucial role in allergic reactions. (encyclopedia.com)
- Precautions must be used in the administration of IV immunoglobulin and other blood products in patients with IgAD because IV immunoglobulin preparations and other blood products contain at least small amounts of IgA. (medscape.com)
- What is an immunoglobulins blood test? (medlineplus.gov)
- Why do I need an immunoglobulins blood test? (medlineplus.gov)
- You don't need any special preparations for an immunoglobulins blood test. (medlineplus.gov)
- Tenders are invited for reagents for the determination of TORCH infections, hepatitis, parasites ELISA: A set of reagents for the detection of immunoglobulin G antigens opistorhysiv, Trichinella, Echinococcus and toxocara serum (plasma) of human blood by ELISA. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Immunoglobulin (also called gamma globulin or immune globulin) is a substance made from human blood plasma. (wellspan.org)
- Immunoglobulin is sometimes used to treat immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), an immune disorder in which the body attacks the cells responsible for blood clotting (platelets), resulting in bleeding. (wellspan.org)
- An intravenous (IV) infusion of a substance made from human blood plasma (immunoglobulin) may be given. (wellspan.org)
- As one of the 5 immunoglobulins found in the blood, it is a long-lasting defense against most antigens. (healthtestingcenters.com)
- As one of the 5 immunoglobulins found in the blood ,it is the first or primary immunoglobulin produced following exposure to an antigen. (healthtestingcenters.com)
- Egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) can successfully compete with immunoglobulin (IgG) produced in the blood of mammals. (scirp.org)
- Cultures of blood were done and serum immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA) were estimated in all the subjects. (biomedsearch.com)
- Zoster Immunoglobulin-VF is prepared from blood obtained from voluntary donors. (nps.org.au)
Mice1
- We found that a regulatory system in the prominent human commensal Bacteroides fragilis modulates its surface architecture to invite binding of immunoglobulin A (IgA) in mice. (sciencemag.org)
FLCs1
- The present study demonstrated that during the process of metabolism of immunoglobulin FLCs, ROS activated the STAT1 pathway in proximal tubule epithelium. (jci.org)
Human3
- Antithymocyte Globulin (ATG) is a concentrated anti-human T-lymphocyte immunoglobulin preparation derived from rabbits after immunization with a T-lympoblast cell line. (drugbank.ca)
- however, other immunoglobulins are distributed into human milk. (drugbank.ca)
- A wide range of human and animal immunoglobulins (Igs) for use in immunological and biochemical applications have been isolated from normal or myeloma sources. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Patients3
- Restricting access of subscribers to only one or two product/formulations of replacement immunoglobulin regardless of the particular product the patient may currently be receiving poses an unjustified safety risk for patients. (primaryimmune.org)
- Doctors should cease using Octagam intravenous immunoglobulin solutions immediately, and switch their patients to the most appropriate alternative treatment. (tga.gov.au)
- Patients and health care providers should report any adverse events that have occurred following administration of Octagam intravenous immunoglobulin solution to the TGA via the Adverse Medicine Events Line (1300 134 237), online via ' Report a problem with a medicine ', or using the 'Blue Card' Prepaid Reporting Form . (tga.gov.au)
Nephropathy5
- What is immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy? (medscape.com)
- Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy is characterized by predominant IgA deposition in the glomerular mesangium. (medscape.com)
- Light microscopy of a glomerulus from a patient with immunoglobulin A nephropathy showing increased mesangial matrix and cellularity. (medscape.com)
- Immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrating large mesangial immunoglobulin A (IgA) deposits diagnostic of IgA nephropathy. (medscape.com)
- Immunoglobulin A nephropathy: a pathophysiology view. (medscape.com)
Bacteria1
- Immunoglobulin A ( IgA ) is found in saliva, tears, breast milk, and mucous secretions, where its role is to neutralize viruses and bacteria as they enter the body. (encyclopedia.com)
Therapeutic3
- Immunoglobulin (Ig) therapies are among the oldest therapeutic moieties employed in a broad range of pathological conditions. (frost.com)
- Is dosing of therapeutic immunoglobulins optimal? (medscape.com)
- The Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) advises that Octapharma Australia Pty Ltd has agreed to a precautionary voluntary recall of all batches of Octagam intravenous immunoglobulin solutions from the Australian market, due to safety concerns regarding an increased incidence of thromboembolic complications associated with the use of this product in Europe and the USA. (tga.gov.au)
Encodes1
- This gene encodes a member of the immunoglobulin-like domain-containing superfamily. (nih.gov)
Treatment2
- The aim of this study will assess the effects of intravenous immunoglobulin in ANCA+ vasculitides (Microscopic Polyangiitis, Wegener's granulomatosis and Churg-Strauss syndrome) who relapse under corticosteroid and immunosuppressant therapies or after one year post treatment. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Large patient population, lack of effective substitute treatment, and early adoption of immunoglobulin for the treatment of hypogammaglobulinemia are expected to boost the growth of this segment. (medgadget.com)
Fetus1
- Some placental trophoblasts also bind to immunoglobulins, in order for them to be carried across to the fetus for providing immunity for the growing child. (chegg.com)
Mammals1
- Although lymphocyte-like cells secreting somatically-recombining receptors have been identified in the jawless fishes (hagfish and lamprey), the cartilaginous fishes (sharks, skates, rays and chimaera) are the most phylogenetically distant group relative to mammals in which bona fide immunoglobulins (Igs) have been found. (mdpi.com)
Infusion1
- If you are suffering from cirrhosis of the liver or rheumatoid arthritis and therefore you have high levels of IgA, will you ever need to replace or get any more immunoglobulin via intravenously (more often said as receiving immunoglobulin via iv) or maybe have an immunoglobulin infusion? (wisegeek.com)
Injection3
- There are some immunoglobulin products that are given by an injection into the muscle (called IM) or under the skin (called subQ). (oncolink.org)
- To prevent Rh sensitization during pregnancy, you must have an Rh immunoglobulin injection if you are Rh-negative. (wellspan.org)
- Please read this leaflet carefully before you start using Zoster Immunoglobulin-VF Solution for injection. (nps.org.au)