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HypertensionHypertension, PulmonaryHypertension, RenalHypertension, PortalBlood PressureHypertension, RenovascularAntihypertensive AgentsHypertension, MalignantHypertension, Pregnancy-InducedOcular HypertensionRisk FactorsPulmonary ArteryRats, Inbred SHRReninIntracranial HypertensionBlood Pressure DeterminationRats, Inbred WKYKidneyDesoxycorticosteroneHypertrophy, Right VentricularSodium Chloride, DietaryBlood Pressure Monitoring, AmbulatoryVascular ResistanceMonocrotalinePregnancy Complications, CardiovascularHemodynamicsPrevalenceAngiotensin IIRenin-Angiotensin SystemAldosteroneHyperaldosteronismHeart RatePseudotumor CerebriHypertrophy, Left VentricularCardiovascular DiseasesSodium, DietaryTime FactorsFollow-Up StudiesSystoleDiet, Sodium-RestrictedVasodilator AgentsDiureticsDisease Models, AnimalProspective StudiesRats, Inbred DahlHydrochlorothiazidePulmonary CirculationTreatment OutcomeRenal Artery ObstructionRats, Sprague-DawleyPersistent Fetal Circulation SyndromeCross-Sectional StudiesDiabetes MellitusMasked HypertensionAge FactorsAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsObesityPrehypertensionCohort StudiesAngiotensinogenNitric OxideChronic DiseaseAnoxiaSodium ChlorideRenal ArteryAfrican Continental Ancestry GroupRetrospective StudiesSympathetic Nervous SystemPre-EclampsiaEndothelin-1AlbuminuriaKidney DiseasesSex FactorsSodiumSodium Chloride Symporter InhibitorsBody WeightIncidenceCase-Control StudiesAngiotensin II Type 1 Receptor BlockersVasodilationEndothelium, VascularBone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type IIVasoconstrictionRisk AssessmentBody Mass IndexCaptoprilArterial PressureSulfonesDiastoleEchocardiographyAmlodipineVasoconstrictor AgentsDiabetes ComplicationsPregnancyEpoprostenolAtenololNorepinephrineTetrazolesLosartanNephrectomyRenal CirculationSeverity of Illness IndexAortaArteriesHydralazineMuscle, Smooth, VascularProteinuriaReceptor, Angiotensin, Type 1ChlorthalidoneIloprostGlomerular Filtration RateLogistic ModelsPulmonary Wedge PressureReceptors, EndothelinCalcium Channel BlockersUnited StatesComorbidityMultivariate AnalysisCardiomegalyAnalysis of VarianceReference ValuesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Peptidyl-Dipeptidase AKidney Failure, ChronicEsophageal and Gastric VaricesLungOrgan SizeVentricular Function, RightRegression AnalysisJapanCreatinineAdrenergic beta-AntagonistsEuropean Continental Ancestry GroupPurinesDrug Therapy, CombinationRats, WistarPhosphodiesterase 5 InhibitorsNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIIVascular DiseasesMineralocorticoidsOdds RatioSpironolactoneVentricular Dysfunction, RightNatriuresisReceptor, Endothelin AStrokeVenous PressureDouble-Blind MethodNitric Oxide SynthasePortal PressureCerebrovascular DisordersPulmonary EmbolismSex DistributionDose-Response Relationship, DrugPulseEnalaprilUric AcidBendroflumethiazideNephrosclerosisPredictive Value of TestsHyperlipidemiasHeart VentriclesPrognosisIntra-Abdominal HypertensionMethyldopaGenotypeLabetalolSympathectomyPapilledemaDyslipidemiasCardiovascular SystemNG-Nitroarginine Methyl EsterMetabolic Syndrome XAgingAge DistributionCardiac CatheterizationCardiac OutputSmokingPolymorphism, GeneticRegional Blood FlowLife StyleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseBiological MarkersDisease ProgressionHypertrophyNitroprussidePortal VeinEndothelinsArteriolesChinaRats, Inbred StrainsAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsAfrican AmericansSulfonamidesRiskOxidative StressAldosterone SynthaseComplianceMesenteric ArteriesAtrial Natriuretic FactorAsian Continental Ancestry Group
Hypertension: Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.Hypertension, Pulmonary: Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG DISEASES.Hypertension, Renal: Persistent high BLOOD PRESSURE due to KIDNEY DISEASES, such as those involving the renal parenchyma, the renal vasculature, or tumors that secrete RENIN.Hypertension, Portal: Abnormal increase of resistance to blood flow within the hepatic PORTAL SYSTEM, frequently seen in LIVER CIRRHOSIS and conditions with obstruction of the PORTAL VEIN.Blood Pressure: PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.Hypertension, Renovascular: Hypertension due to RENAL ARTERY OBSTRUCTION or compression.Antihypertensive Agents: Drugs used in the treatment of acute or chronic vascular HYPERTENSION regardless of pharmacological mechanism. Among the antihypertensive agents are DIURETICS; (especially DIURETICS, THIAZIDE); ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS; ADRENERGIC ALPHA-ANTAGONISTS; ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS; GANGLIONIC BLOCKERS; and VASODILATOR AGENTS.Hypertension, Malignant: A condition of markedly elevated BLOOD PRESSURE with DIASTOLIC PRESSURE usually greater than 120 mm Hg. Malignant hypertension is characterized by widespread vascular damage, PAPILLEDEMA, retinopathy, HYPERTENSIVE ENCEPHALOPATHY, and renal dysfunction.Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced: A condition in pregnant women with elevated systolic (>140 mm Hg) and diastolic (>90 mm Hg) blood pressure on at least two occasions 6 h apart. HYPERTENSION complicates 8-10% of all pregnancies, generally after 20 weeks of gestation. Gestational hypertension can be divided into several broad categories according to the complexity and associated symptoms, such as EDEMA; PROTEINURIA; SEIZURES; abnormalities in BLOOD COAGULATION and liver functions.Ocular Hypertension: A condition in which the intraocular pressure is elevated above normal and which may lead to glaucoma.Risk Factors: An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.Pulmonary Artery: The short wide vessel arising from the conus arteriosus of the right ventricle and conveying unaerated blood to the lungs.Rats, Inbred SHR: A strain of Rattus norvegicus with elevated blood pressure used as a model for studying hypertension and stroke.Renin: A highly specific (Leu-Leu) endopeptidase that generates ANGIOTENSIN I from its precursor ANGIOTENSINOGEN, leading to a cascade of reactions which elevate BLOOD PRESSURE and increase sodium retention by the kidney in the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM. The enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.99.19.Intracranial Hypertension: Increased pressure within the cranial vault. This may result from several conditions, including HYDROCEPHALUS; BRAIN EDEMA; intracranial masses; severe systemic HYPERTENSION; PSEUDOTUMOR CEREBRI; and other disorders.Blood Pressure Determination: Techniques for measuring blood pressure.Rats, Inbred WKY: A strain of Rattus norvegicus used as a normotensive control for the spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR).Kidney: Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.Desoxycorticosterone: A steroid metabolite that is the 11-deoxy derivative of CORTICOSTERONE and the 21-hydroxy derivative of PROGESTERONE.Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular: Enlargement of the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart. This increase in ventricular mass is often attributed to PULMONARY HYPERTENSION and is a contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.Sodium Chloride, Dietary: Sodium chloride used in foods.Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory: Method in which repeated blood pressure readings are made while the patient undergoes normal daily activities. It allows quantitative analysis of the high blood pressure load over time, can help distinguish between types of HYPERTENSION, and can assess the effectiveness of antihypertensive therapy.Vascular Resistance: The force that opposes the flow of BLOOD through a vascular bed. It is equal to the difference in BLOOD PRESSURE across the vascular bed divided by the CARDIAC OUTPUT.Monocrotaline: A pyrrolizidine alkaloid and a toxic plant constituent that poisons livestock and humans through the ingestion of contaminated grains and other foods. The alkaloid causes pulmonary artery hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pathological changes in the pulmonary vasculature. Significant attenuation of the cardiopulmonary changes are noted after oral magnesium treatment.Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular: The co-occurrence of pregnancy and a cardiovascular disease. The disease may precede or follow FERTILIZATION and it may or may not have a deleterious effect on the pregnant woman or FETUS.Hemodynamics: The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.Prevalence: The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.Angiotensin II: An octapeptide that is a potent but labile vasoconstrictor. It is produced from angiotensin I after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME. The amino acid in position 5 varies in different species. To block VASOCONSTRICTION and HYPERTENSION effect of angiotensin II, patients are often treated with ACE INHIBITORS or with ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKERS.Renin-Angiotensin System: A BLOOD PRESSURE regulating system of interacting components that include RENIN; ANGIOTENSINOGEN; ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME; ANGIOTENSIN I; ANGIOTENSIN II; and angiotensinase. Renin, an enzyme produced in the kidney, acts on angiotensinogen, an alpha-2 globulin produced by the liver, forming ANGIOTENSIN I. Angiotensin-converting enzyme, contained in the lung, acts on angiotensin I in the plasma converting it to ANGIOTENSIN II, an extremely powerful vasoconstrictor. Angiotensin II causes contraction of the arteriolar and renal VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE, leading to retention of salt and water in the KIDNEY and increased arterial blood pressure. In addition, angiotensin II stimulates the release of ALDOSTERONE from the ADRENAL CORTEX, which in turn also increases salt and water retention in the kidney. Angiotensin-converting enzyme also breaks down BRADYKININ, a powerful vasodilator and component of the KALLIKREIN-KININ SYSTEM.Aldosterone: A hormone secreted by the ADRENAL CORTEX that regulates electrolyte and water balance by increasing the renal retention of sodium and the excretion of potassium.Hyperaldosteronism: A condition caused by the overproduction of ALDOSTERONE. It is characterized by sodium retention and potassium excretion with resultant HYPERTENSION and HYPOKALEMIA.Heart Rate: The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.Pseudotumor Cerebri: A condition marked by raised intracranial pressure and characterized clinically by HEADACHES; NAUSEA; PAPILLEDEMA, peripheral constriction of the visual fields, transient visual obscurations, and pulsatile TINNITUS. OBESITY is frequently associated with this condition, which primarily affects women between 20 and 44 years of age. Chronic PAPILLEDEMA may lead to optic nerve injury (see OPTIC NERVE DISEASES) and visual loss (see BLINDNESS).Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular: Enlargement of the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart. This increase in ventricular mass is attributed to sustained abnormal pressure or volume loads and is a contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.Cardiovascular Diseases: Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.Sodium, Dietary: Sodium or sodium compounds used in foods or as a food. The most frequently used compounds are sodium chloride or sodium glutamate.Time Factors: Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.Follow-Up Studies: Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.Systole: Period of contraction of the HEART, especially of the HEART VENTRICLES.Diet, Sodium-Restricted: A diet which contains very little sodium chloride. It is prescribed by some for hypertension and for edematous states. (Dorland, 27th ed)Vasodilator Agents: Drugs used to cause dilation of the blood vessels.Diuretics: Agents that promote the excretion of urine through their effects on kidney function.Disease Models, Animal: Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.Prospective Studies: Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.Rats, Inbred Dahl: Inbred rats derived from Sprague-Dawley rats and used for the study of salt-dependent hypertension. Salt-sensitive and salt-resistant strains have been selectively bred to show the opposite genetically determined blood pressure responses to excess sodium chloride ingestion.Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.Pulmonary Circulation: The circulation of the BLOOD through the LUNGS.Treatment Outcome: Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.Renal Artery Obstruction: Narrowing or occlusion of the RENAL ARTERY or arteries. It is due usually to ATHEROSCLEROSIS; FIBROMUSCULAR DYSPLASIA; THROMBOSIS; EMBOLISM, or external pressure. The reduced renal perfusion can lead to renovascular hypertension (HYPERTENSION, RENOVASCULAR).Rats, Sprague-Dawley: A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome: A syndrome of persistent PULMONARY HYPERTENSION in the newborn infant (INFANT, NEWBORN) without demonstrable HEART DISEASES. This neonatal condition can be caused by severe pulmonary vasoconstriction (reactive type), hypertrophy of pulmonary arterial muscle (hypertrophic type), or abnormally developed pulmonary arterioles (hypoplastic type). The newborn patient exhibits CYANOSIS and ACIDOSIS due to the persistence of fetal circulatory pattern of right-to-left shunting of blood through a patent ductus arteriosus (DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS, PATENT) and at times a patent foramen ovale (FORAMEN OVALE, PATENT).Cross-Sectional Studies: Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.Diabetes Mellitus: A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.Masked Hypertension: Phenomenon where increased BLOOD PRESSURE readings taken in non-clinical settings (e.g., HOME BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING) do not replicate in clinical settings.Age Factors: Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors: A class of drugs whose main indications are the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. They exert their hemodynamic effect mainly by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system. They also modulate sympathetic nervous system activity and increase prostaglandin synthesis. They cause mainly vasodilation and mild natriuresis without affecting heart rate and contractility.Obesity: A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the acceptable or desirable weight, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).Prehypertension: Blood pressure levels that are between normotension and hypertension. Individuals with prehypertension are at a higher risk for developing cardiovascular diseases. Generally, prehypertension is defined as SYSTOLIC PRESSURE of 131-139 mm Hg and/or DIASTOLIC PRESSURE of 81-89 when the optimal is 120/80 mm Hg. For diabetics and other metabolism diseases the prehypertension is around 110-129/70-79 mm Hg.Cohort Studies: Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.Angiotensinogen: An alpha-globulin of about 453 amino acids, depending on the species. It is produced by the liver and secreted into blood circulation. Angiotensinogen is the inactive precursor of natural angiotensins. Upon successive enzyme cleavages, angiotensinogen yields angiotensin I, II, and III with amino acids numbered at 10, 8, and 7, respectively.Nitric Oxide: A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Nitric oxide is one of the ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXING FACTORS released by the vascular endothelium and mediates VASODILATION. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Nitric oxide activates cytosolic GUANYLATE CYCLASE and thus elevates intracellular levels of CYCLIC GMP.Chronic Disease: Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care. (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)Anoxia: Relatively complete absence of oxygen in one or more tissues.Sodium Chloride: A ubiquitous sodium salt that is commonly used to season food.Renal Artery: A branch of the abdominal aorta which supplies the kidneys, adrenal glands and ureters.African Continental Ancestry Group: Individuals whose ancestral origins are in the continent of Africa.Retrospective Studies: Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.Sympathetic Nervous System: The thoracolumbar division of the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic preganglionic fibers originate in neurons of the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord and project to the paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia, which in turn project to target organs. The sympathetic nervous system mediates the body's response to stressful situations, i.e., the fight or flight reactions. It often acts reciprocally to the parasympathetic system.Pre-Eclampsia: A complication of PREGNANCY, characterized by a complex of symptoms including maternal HYPERTENSION and PROTEINURIA with or without pathological EDEMA. Symptoms may range between mild and severe. Pre-eclampsia usually occurs after the 20th week of gestation, but may develop before this time in the presence of trophoblastic disease.Endothelin-1: A 21-amino acid peptide produced in a variety of tissues including endothelial and vascular smooth-muscle cells, neurons and astrocytes in the central nervous system, and endometrial cells. It acts as a modulator of vasomotor tone, cell proliferation, and hormone production. (N Eng J Med 1995;333(6):356-63)Albuminuria: The presence of albumin in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.Kidney Diseases: Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.Sex Factors: Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.Sodium: A member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23.Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors: Agents that inhibit SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS. They act as DIURETICS. Excess use is associated with HYPOKALEMIA.Body Weight: The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.Incidence: The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.Case-Control Studies: Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers: Agents that antagonize ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR. Included are ANGIOTENSIN II analogs such as SARALASIN and biphenylimidazoles such as LOSARTAN. Some are used as ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS.Vasodilation: The physiological widening of BLOOD VESSELS by relaxing the underlying VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE.Endothelium, Vascular: Single pavement layer of cells which line the luminal surface of the entire vascular system and regulate the transport of macromolecules and blood components.Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type II: A subtype of bone morphogenetic protein receptors with low affinity for BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEINS. They are constitutively active PROTEIN-SERINE-THREONINE KINASES that can interact with and phosphorylate TYPE I BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN RECEPTORS.Vasoconstriction: The physiological narrowing of BLOOD VESSELS by contraction of the VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE.Risk Assessment: The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)Body Mass Index: An indicator of body density as determined by the relationship of BODY WEIGHT to BODY HEIGHT. BMI=weight (kg)/height squared (m2). BMI correlates with body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE). Their relationship varies with age and gender. For adults, BMI falls into these categories: below 18.5 (underweight); 18.5-24.9 (normal); 25.0-29.9 (overweight); 30.0 and above (obese). (National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.Arterial Pressure: The blood pressure in the ARTERIES. It is commonly measured with a SPHYGMOMANOMETER on the upper arm which represents the arterial pressure in the BRACHIAL ARTERY.SulfonesDiastole: Post-systolic relaxation of the HEART, especially the HEART VENTRICLES.Echocardiography: Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues. The standard approach is transthoracic.Amlodipine: A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.Vasoconstrictor Agents: Drugs used to cause constriction of the blood vessels.Diabetes Complications: Conditions or pathological processes associated with the disease of diabetes mellitus. Due to the impaired control of BLOOD GLUCOSE level in diabetic patients, pathological processes develop in numerous tissues and organs including the EYE, the KIDNEY, the BLOOD VESSELS, and the NERVE TISSUE.Pregnancy: The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.Epoprostenol: A prostaglandin that is a powerful vasodilator and inhibits platelet aggregation. It is biosynthesized enzymatically from PROSTAGLANDIN ENDOPEROXIDES in human vascular tissue. The sodium salt has been also used to treat primary pulmonary hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PULMONARY).Atenolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.Norepinephrine: Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers and of the diffuse projection system in the brain arising from the locus ceruleus. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.TetrazolesLosartan: An antagonist of ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR with antihypertensive activity due to the reduced pressor effect of ANGIOTENSIN II.Nephrectomy: Excision of kidney.Renal Circulation: The circulation of the BLOOD through the vessels of the KIDNEY.Severity of Illness Index: Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.Aorta: The main trunk of the systemic arteries.Arteries: The vessels carrying blood away from the heart.Hydralazine: A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.Muscle, Smooth, Vascular: The nonstriated involuntary muscle tissue of blood vessels.Proteinuria: The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1: An angiotensin receptor subtype that is expressed at high levels in a variety of adult tissues including the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM, the KIDNEY, the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM and the NERVOUS SYSTEM. Activation of the type 1 angiotensin receptor causes VASOCONSTRICTION and sodium retention.Chlorthalidone: A benzenesulfonamide-phthalimidine that tautomerizes to a BENZOPHENONES form. It is considered a thiazide-like diuretic.Iloprost: An eicosanoid, derived from the cyclooxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism. It is a stable and synthetic analog of EPOPROSTENOL, but with a longer half-life than the parent compound. Its actions are similar to prostacyclin. Iloprost produces vasodilation and inhibits platelet aggregation.Glomerular Filtration Rate: The volume of water filtered out of plasma through glomerular capillary walls into Bowman's capsules per unit of time. It is considered to be equivalent to INULIN clearance.Logistic Models: Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.Pulmonary Wedge Pressure: The blood pressure as recorded after wedging a CATHETER in a small PULMONARY ARTERY; believed to reflect the PRESSURE in the pulmonary CAPILLARIES.Receptors, Endothelin: Cell surface proteins that bind ENDOTHELINS with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behavior of cells.Calcium Channel Blockers: A class of drugs that act by selective inhibition of calcium influx through cellular membranes.United StatesComorbidity: The presence of co-existing or additional diseases with reference to an initial diagnosis or with reference to the index condition that is the subject of study. Comorbidity may affect the ability of affected individuals to function and also their survival; it may be used as a prognostic indicator for length of hospital stay, cost factors, and outcome or survival.Multivariate Analysis: A set of techniques used when variation in several variables has to be studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables.Cardiomegaly: Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES.Analysis of Variance: A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.Reference Values: The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2: A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A: A peptidyl-dipeptidase that catalyzes the release of a C-terminal dipeptide, -Xaa-*-Xbb-Xcc, when neither Xaa nor Xbb is Pro. It is a Cl(-)-dependent, zinc glycoprotein that is generally membrane-bound and active at neutral pH. It may also have endopeptidase activity on some substrates. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 3.4.15.1.Kidney Failure, Chronic: The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.Esophageal and Gastric Varices: Dilated blood vessels in the ESOPHAGUS or GASTRIC FUNDUS that shunt blood from the portal circulation (PORTAL SYSTEM) to the systemic venous circulation. Often they are observed in individuals with portal hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL).Lung: Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.Organ Size: The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.Ventricular Function, Right: The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the right HEART VENTRICLE.Regression Analysis: Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.JapanCreatinineAdrenergic beta-Antagonists: Drugs that bind to but do not activate beta-adrenergic receptors thereby blocking the actions of beta-adrenergic agonists. Adrenergic beta-antagonists are used for treatment of hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris, glaucoma, migraine headaches, and anxiety.European Continental Ancestry Group: Individuals whose ancestral origins are in the continent of Europe.Purines: A series of heterocyclic compounds that are variously substituted in nature and are known also as purine bases. They include ADENINE and GUANINE, constituents of nucleic acids, as well as many alkaloids such as CAFFEINE and THEOPHYLLINE. Uric acid is the metabolic end product of purine metabolism.Drug Therapy, Combination: Therapy with two or more separate preparations given for a combined effect.Rats, Wistar: A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors: Compounds that specifically inhibit PHOSPHODIESTERASE 5.Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III: A CALCIUM-dependent, constitutively-expressed form of nitric oxide synthase found primarily in ENDOTHELIAL CELLS.Vascular Diseases: Pathological processes involving any of the BLOOD VESSELS in the cardiac or peripheral circulation. They include diseases of ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body.Mineralocorticoids: A group of CORTICOSTEROIDS primarily associated with water and electrolyte balance. This is accomplished through the effect on ION TRANSPORT in renal tubules, resulting in retention of sodium and loss of potassium. Mineralocorticoid secretion is itself regulated by PLASMA VOLUME, serum potassium, and ANGIOTENSIN II.Odds Ratio: The ratio of two odds. The exposure-odds ratio for case control data is the ratio of the odds in favor of exposure among cases to the odds in favor of exposure among noncases. The disease-odds ratio for a cohort or cross section is the ratio of the odds in favor of disease among the exposed to the odds in favor of disease among the unexposed. The prevalence-odds ratio refers to an odds ratio derived cross-sectionally from studies of prevalent cases.Spironolactone: A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827)Ventricular Dysfunction, Right: A condition in which the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE or MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the right ventricular wall.Natriuresis: Sodium excretion by URINATION.Receptor, Endothelin A: A subtype of endothelin receptor found predominantly in the VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. It has a high affinity for ENDOTHELIN-1 and ENDOTHELIN-2.Stroke: A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)Venous Pressure: The blood pressure in the VEINS. It is usually measured to assess the filling PRESSURE to the HEART VENTRICLE.Double-Blind Method: A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.Nitric Oxide Synthase: An NADPH-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-ARGININE and OXYGEN to produce CITRULLINE and NITRIC OXIDE.Portal Pressure: The venous pressure measured in the PORTAL VEIN.Cerebrovascular Disorders: A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES or VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others.Pulmonary Embolism: Blocking of the PULMONARY ARTERY or one of its branches by an EMBOLUS.Sex Distribution: The number of males and females in a given population. The distribution may refer to how many men or women or what proportion of either in the group. The population is usually patients with a specific disease but the concept is not restricted to humans and is not restricted to medicine.Dose-Response Relationship, Drug: The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.Pulse: The rhythmical expansion and contraction of an ARTERY produced by waves of pressure caused by the ejection of BLOOD from the left ventricle of the HEART as it contracts.Enalapril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is used to treat HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.Uric Acid: An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN.Bendroflumethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. It has been used in the treatment of familial hyperkalemia, hypertension, edema, and urinary tract disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p810)Nephrosclerosis: Hardening of the KIDNEY due to infiltration by fibrous connective tissue (FIBROSIS), usually caused by renovascular diseases or chronic HYPERTENSION. Nephrosclerosis leads to renal ISCHEMIA.Predictive Value of Tests: In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.Hyperlipidemias: Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood.Heart Ventricles: The lower right and left chambers of the heart. The right ventricle pumps venous BLOOD into the LUNGS and the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic arterial circulation.Prognosis: A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.Intra-Abdominal Hypertension: Pathological elevation of intra-abdominal pressure (>12 mm Hg). It may develop as a result of SEPSIS; PANCREATITIS; capillary leaks, burns, or surgery. When the pressure is higher than 20 mm Hg, often with end-organ dysfunction, it is referred to as abdominal compartment syndrome.Methyldopa: An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has both central and peripheral nervous system effects. Its primary clinical use is as an antihypertensive agent.Genotype: The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.Labetalol: A salicylamide derivative that is a non-cardioselective blocker of BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and ALPHA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS.Sympathectomy: The removal or interruption of some part of the sympathetic nervous system for therapeutic or research purposes.Papilledema: Swelling of the OPTIC DISK, usually in association with increased intracranial pressure, characterized by hyperemia, blurring of the disk margins, microhemorrhages, blind spot enlargement, and engorgement of retinal veins. Chronic papilledema may cause OPTIC ATROPHY and visual loss. (Miller et al., Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, p175)Dyslipidemias: Abnormalities in the serum levels of LIPIDS, including overproduction or deficiency. Abnormal serum lipid profiles may include high total CHOLESTEROL, high TRIGLYCERIDES, low HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL, and elevated LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL.Cardiovascular System: The HEART and the BLOOD VESSELS by which BLOOD is pumped and circulated through the body.NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester: A non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. It has been used experimentally to induce hypertension.Metabolic Syndrome X: A cluster of metabolic risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components of metabolic syndrome X include excess ABDOMINAL FAT; atherogenic DYSLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; a proinflammatory state; and a prothrombotic (THROMBOSIS) state. (from AHA/NHLBI/ADA Conference Proceedings, Circulation 2004; 109:551-556)Aging: The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.Age Distribution: The frequency of different ages or age groups in a given population. The distribution may refer to either how many or what proportion of the group. The population is usually patients with a specific disease but the concept is not restricted to humans and is not restricted to medicine.Cardiac Catheterization: Procedures in which placement of CARDIAC CATHETERS is performed for therapeutic or diagnostic procedures.Cardiac Output: The volume of BLOOD passing through the HEART per unit of time. It is usually expressed as liters (volume) per minute so as not to be confused with STROKE VOLUME (volume per beat).Smoking: Inhaling and exhaling the smoke of burning TOBACCO.Polymorphism, Genetic: The regular and simultaneous occurrence in a single interbreeding population of two or more discontinuous genotypes. The concept includes differences in genotypes ranging in size from a single nucleotide site (POLYMORPHISM, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE) to large nucleotide sequences visible at a chromosomal level.Regional Blood Flow: The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.Life Style: Typical way of life or manner of living characteristic of an individual or group. (From APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 8th ed)Genetic Predisposition to Disease: A latent susceptibility to disease at the genetic level, which may be activated under certain conditions.Biological Markers: Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.Disease Progression: The worsening of a disease over time. This concept is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases where the stage of the disease is an important determinant of therapy and prognosis.Hypertrophy: General increase in bulk of a part or organ due to CELL ENLARGEMENT and accumulation of FLUIDS AND SECRETIONS, not due to tumor formation, nor to an increase in the number of cells (HYPERPLASIA).Nitroprusside: A powerful vasodilator used in emergencies to lower blood pressure or to improve cardiac function. It is also an indicator for free sulfhydryl groups in proteins.Portal Vein: A short thick vein formed by union of the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein.Endothelins: 21-Amino-acid peptides produced by vascular endothelial cells and functioning as potent vasoconstrictors. The endothelin family consists of three members, ENDOTHELIN-1; ENDOTHELIN-2; and ENDOTHELIN-3. All three peptides contain 21 amino acids, but vary in amino acid composition. The three peptides produce vasoconstrictor and pressor responses in various parts of the body. However, the quantitative profiles of the pharmacological activities are considerably different among the three isopeptides.Arterioles: The smallest divisions of the arteries located between the muscular arteries and the capillaries.China: A country spanning from central Asia to the Pacific Ocean.Rats, Inbred Strains: Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists: Agents that antagonize ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTORS. Many drugs in this class specifically target the ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR.African Americans: Persons living in the United States having origins in any of the black groups of Africa.Sulfonamides: A group of compounds that contain the structure SO2NH2.Risk: The probability that an event will occur. It encompasses a variety of measures of the probability of a generally unfavorable outcome.Oxidative Stress: A disturbance in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in favor of the former, leading to potential damage. Indicators of oxidative stress include damaged DNA bases, protein oxidation products, and lipid peroxidation products (Sies, Oxidative Stress, 1991, pxv-xvi).Aldosterone Synthase: A mitochondrial cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the 18-hydroxylation of steroids in the presence of molecular oxygen and NADPH-specific flavoprotein. This enzyme, encoded by CYP11B2 gene, is important in the conversion of CORTICOSTERONE to 18-hydroxycorticosterone and the subsequent conversion to ALDOSTERONE.Compliance: Distensibility measure of a chamber such as the lungs (LUNG COMPLIANCE) or bladder. Compliance is expressed as a change in volume per unit change in pressure.Mesenteric Arteries: Arteries which arise from the abdominal aorta and distribute to most of the intestines.Atrial Natriuretic Factor: A potent natriuretic and vasodilatory peptide or mixture of different-sized low molecular weight PEPTIDES derived from a common precursor and secreted mainly by the HEART ATRIUM. All these peptides share a sequence of about 20 AMINO ACIDS.Asian Continental Ancestry Group: Individuals whose ancestral origins are in the southeastern and eastern areas of the Asian continent.

Effects of long-term administration of clonidine on plasma renin activity. (1/23689)

Plasma renin activity (PRA) was studied before and during long-term treatment with moderate oral doses (0.2 or 0.3 mg/d) of clonidine. Nine outpatients with essential hypertension received clonidine for 12 weeks; a significant decrease in blood pressure was evident in all patients. Except for a nonsignificant increase after 12 weeks of treatment, PRA values were not notably changed by clonidine therapy. No correlation was found between individual blood pressure changes and PRA variation during the study. The absence of a net effect on PRA in this study does not exclude more complex interactions of clonidine with the renin-angiotensin system. Nonetheless, clonidine cannot generally be classified as a "renin-inhibiting" drug.  (+info)

Phasic right coronary artery blood flow in conscious dogs with normal and elevated right ventricular pressures. (2/23689)

We studied phasic right coronary blood flow in well trained normal dogs and dogs with pulmonic stenosis. We installed electromagnetic flow transducers and pressure tubes under anesthesia to monitor right coronary blood flow, cardiac output, central aortic blood pressure, and right ventribular pressure. In normotensive dogs, systolic flow amplitude equaled early diastolic flow levels. The ratio of systolic to diastolic flow at rest was substantially greater in the right coronary bed (36+/-1.3%) than in the left circumflex bed (13+/-3.6%). Right diastolid flow runoff, including the cove late in diastole, resembled left circumflex runoff. Blood flow to the normotensive right (37+/-1.1 ml/min 100(-1) g) and the left (35+/-1.0 ml/min(-1) g) ventricular myocardium indicated equal perfusion of both cardiac walls. Throttling of systolic flow was related directly to the right ventricular systolic pressure level in the dogs with pulmonic stenosis. Retrograde systolic flow occurred in severe right ventricular hypertension. The late diastolic runoff pattern in dogs with pulmonic stenosis appeared the same as for the normotensive dogs. We obtained systolic to diastolic flow ratios of 1/3 the value of normotensive hearts in high and severe pulmonic hypertension. Electrocardiograms and studies of pathology suggested restricted blood flow to the inner layers of the right myocardium in the dogs with severe and high right ventricular hypertension. Normotensive and hypertensive peak hyperemic flow responses were similar, except for an increased magnitude of diastolic flow, with proportionately less systolic flow in hypertensive states.  (+info)

Quantification of baroreceptor influence on arterial pressure changes seen in primary angiotension-induced hypertension in dogs. (3/23689)

We studied the role of the sino-aortic baroreceptors in the gradual development of hypertension induced by prolonged administration of small amounts of angiotensin II (A II) in intact dogs and dogs with denervated sino-aortic baroreceptors. Short-term 1-hour infusions of A II(1.0-100 ng/kg per min) showed that conscious denervated dogs had twice the pressor sensitivity of intact dogs. Long-term infusions of A II at 5.0 ng/kg per min (2-3 weeks) with continuous 24-hour recordings of arterial pressure showed that intact dogs required 28 hours to reach the same level of pressure attained by denervated dogs during the 1st hour of infusion. At the 28th hour the pressure in both groups was 70% of the maximum value attained by the 7th day of infusion. Both intact and denervated dogs reached nearly the same plateau level of pressure, the magnitude being directly related both the the A II infusion rate and the daily sodium intake. Cardiac output in intact dogs initially decreased after the onset of A II infusion, but by the 5th day of infusion it was 38% above control, whereas blood volume was unchanged. Heart rate returned to normal after a reduction during the 1st day of infusion in intact dogs. Plasma renin activity could not be detected after 24 hours of A II infusion in either intact or denervated dogs. The data indicate that about 35% of the hypertensive effect of A II results from its acute pressor action, and an additional 35% of the gradual increase in arterial pressure is in large measure a result of baroreceptor resetting. We conclude that the final 30% increase in pressure seems to result from increased cardiac output, the cause of which may be decreased vascular compliance. since the blood volume remains unaltered.  (+info)

Acute and chronic dose-response relationships for angiotensin, aldosterone, and arterial pressure at varying levels of sodium intake. (4/23689)

We examined the acute and chronic dose-response relationships between intravenously infused angiotensin II (A II) and the resulting changes in arterial pressure and plasma aldosterone concentration at varying levels of sodium intake. Sequential analysis of plasma aldosterone at each A II infusion rate resulted in an acute dose-related increase in plasma aldosterone which was markedly attenuated after the first 24 hours of infusion, the final level being directly related to the dose of A II and inversely related to sodium intake. A II infused at 5,15, and 23 ng/kg per min was associated with an initial increase (2nd to 8th hour) in plasma aldosterone to 2,6, and 9 times control values, respectively, in dogs receiving 40 mEq Na+/day. But, after the 1st day, aldosterone averaged only 1, 1.7, and 3 times control values for the next 2 weeks at the same rates of A II infusion. Dogs receiving 120 mEq Na+/day during A II infusion exhibited only a transient increase in plasma aldosterone during the 1st day. Sustained hypertension developed over a period of a week at all doses of A II at normal and high sodium intake, but did not occur at any dose of A II in sodium-depleted dogs. Increasing sodium intake from 40 to 120 mEq/day resulted in higher levels of hypertension, 125% compared to 140% of ocntrol values for dogs infused with A II, 5.0 ng/kg per min. We conclude that primary angiotensin-induced hypertension need not be associated with increased levels of plasma aldosterone, which appears to remain elevated only with amounts of A II greater than those required to sustain a significant degree of hypertension.  (+info)

Dietary intake and practices in the Hong Kong Chinese population. (5/23689)

OBJECTIVES: To examine dietary intake and practices of the adult Hong Kong Chinese population to provide a basis for future public health recommendations with regard to prevention of certain chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and osteoporosis. PARTICIPANTS: Age and sex stratified random sample of the Hong Kong Chinese population aged 25 to 74 years (500 men, 510 women). METHOD: A food frequency method over a one week period was used for nutrient quantification, and a separate questionnaire was used for assessment of dietary habits. Information was obtained by interview. RESULTS: Men had higher intakes of energy and higher nutrient density of vitamin D, monounsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol, but lower nutrient density of protein, many vitamins, calcium, iron, copper, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. There was an age related decrease in energy intake and other nutrients except for vitamin C, sodium, potassium, and percentage of total calorie from carbohydrate, which all increased with age. Approximately 50% of the population had a cholesterol intake of < or = 300 mg; 60% had a fat intake < or = 30% of total energy; and 85% had a percentage of energy from saturated fats < or = 10%; criteria considered desirable for cardiovascular health. Seventy eight per cent of the population had sodium intake values in the range shown to be associated with the age related rise in blood pressure with age. Mean calcium intake was lower than the FAO/WHO recommendations. The awareness of the value of wholemeal bread and polyunsaturated fat spreads was lower in this population compared with that in Australia. There was a marked difference in types of cooking oil compared with Singaporeans, the latter using more coconut/palm/mixed vegetable oils. CONCLUSION: Although the current intake pattern for cardiovascular health for fat, saturated fatty acid, and cholesterol fall within the recommended range for over 50% of the population, follow up surveys to monitor the pattern would be needed. Decreasing salt consumption, increasing calcium intake, and increasing the awareness of the health value of fibre may all be beneficial in the context of chronic disease prevention.  (+info)

Low calorie diet enhances renal, hemodynamic, and humoral effects of exogenous atrial natriuretic peptide in obese hypertensives. (6/23689)

The expression of the natriuretic peptide clearance receptor is abundant in human and rat adipose tissue, where it is specifically inhibited by fasting. In obese hypertensives, plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) levels were found to be lower than in obese normotensives. Therefore, the increased adipose mass might influence ANP levels and/or its biological activity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the humoral, hemodynamic, and renal effects of exogenous ANP in obese hypertensives might be enhanced by a very low calorie diet. Eight obese hypertensives received a bolus injection of ANP (0.6 mg/kg) after 2 weeks of a normal calorie/normal sodium diet, and blood pressure (BP), heart rate, ANP, cGMP, plasma renin activity, and aldosterone were evaluated for 2 hours before and after the injection. Diuresis and natriuresis were measured every 30 minutes. The patients then started a low calorie/normal sodium diet (510 kcal/150 mmol/d) for 4 days, and then the ANP injection protocol was repeated. The low calorie diet induced a slight weight loss (from 90.6+/-1.1 to 87. 7+/-1.2 kg; P<0.01), which was accompanied by increase of cGMP excretion (from 146.0+/-10.1 to 154.5+/-9.5 nmol/24 h; P<0.05) together with a reduction of BP (P<0.01 versus basal levels). ANP injection after diet was followed by an increase of ANP levels similar to that observed before diet, but plasma cGMP, diuresis, and natriuresis increased significantly only after diet. Similarly, the decrease of BP after ANP administration was significantly higher after diet (change in mean arterial pressure, -6.4+/-0.7 versus -4. 0+/-0.6 mm Hg; P<0.05) as well as that of aldosterone (P<0.01). These data show that a low calorie diet enhances the humoral, renal, and hemodynamic effects of ANP in obese hypertensives and confirm the importance of caloric intake in modulating the biological activity of ANP, suggesting that the natriuretic peptide system can play a role in the acute changes of natriuresis and diuresis associated with caloric restriction.  (+info)

Myocardial osteopontin expression coincides with the development of heart failure. (7/23689)

To identify genes that are differentially expressed during the transition from compensated hypertrophy to failure, myocardial mRNA from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with heart failure (SHR-F) was compared with that from age-matched SHR with compensated hypertrophy (SHR-NF) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) by differential display reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Characterization of a transcript differentially expressed in SHR-F yielded a cDNA with homology to the extracellular matrix protein osteopontin. Northern analysis showed low levels of osteopontin mRNA in left ventricular myocardium from WKY and SHR-NF but a markedly increased (approximately 10-fold) level in SHR-F. In myocardium from WKY and SHR-NF, in situ hybridization showed only scant osteopontin mRNA, primarily in arteriolar cells. In SHR-F, in situ hybridization revealed abundant expression of osteopontin mRNA, primarily in nonmyocytes in the interstitial and perivascular space. Similar findings for osteopontin protein were observed in the midwall region of myocardium from the SHR-F group. Consistent with the findings in SHR, osteopontin mRNA was minimally increased (approximately 1.9-fold) in left ventricular myocardium from nonfailing aortic-banded rats with pressure-overload hypertrophy but was markedly increased (approximately 8-fold) in banded rats with failure. Treatment with captopril starting before or after the onset of failure in the SHR reduced the increase in left ventricular osteopontin mRNA levels. Thus, osteopontin expression is markedly increased in the heart coincident with the development of heart failure. The source of osteopontin in SHR-F is primarily nonmyocytes, and its induction is inhibited by an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, suggesting a role for angiotensin II. Given the known biological activities of osteopontin, including cell adhesion and regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression, these data suggest that it could play a role in the pathophysiology of heart failure.  (+info)

Gender-related differences in myocyte remodeling in progression to heart failure. (8/23689)

Gender-related differences responsible for the better prognosis of females with heart failure have not been clearly established. To address this issue, we investigated potential gender-related differences in myocyte remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive heart failure rats. Echocardiograms and myocyte growth were compared between males and females at compensated (2, 4, and 6 months) and decompensated (18 months in males and 24 months in females) stages of cardiac hypertrophy. Although left ventricular diastolic dimensions did not differ significantly between failing male and female rats, fractional shortening declined significantly only in failing males. Myocyte cross-sectional area did not change after 4 months of age in both genders, which is likely to be responsible for the absence of a change in left ventricular wall thickness during the progression to heart failure. Myocyte volume and cross-sectional area were significantly larger in males than females at 2, 4, and 6 months of age, although there were no significant differences at the failing stage. Reduced adaptive hypertrophic reserve was observed in males, which is likely to contribute to the higher morbidity and mortality of males with chronic heart failure.  (+info)

Frontiers | Prevalence of Target Organ Damage in Chinese Hypertensive Children and Adolescents | PediatricsFrontiers | Prevalence of Target Organ Damage in Chinese Hypertensive Children and Adolescents | Pediatrics
Background: Subclinical target organ damage (TOD) has been common in hypertensive children, but there is limited data in the Chinese pediatric population. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of subclinical TOD in the Chinese hypertensive children and adolescents.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in children and adolescents from four schools in Jinan, China between September 2012 and September 2014. The hypertensive status was confirmed based on elevated blood pressure across three different occasions. Those with hypertension were invited to participate in the evaluation of TOD (including heart, arteries, and kidney) and metabolic disorders. A total of 7,840 children and adolescents aged 6-17 years were recruited at baseline, of whom 373 were diagnosed as hypertensive after three separate visits, and 333 (89%) participated in evaluation of TOD.Results: Among 333 hypertensive children, 47.4% had elevated carotid intima-media thickness, 32.4% had left ventricular hypertrophy, 29.2%
Hypertension Clinic | Renal Medicine AssociateHypertension Clinic | Renal Medicine Associate
The kidneys are of the main organs that intervene in blood pressure control and most of kidney diseases can lead to high blood pressure. Uncontrolled hypertension will undoubted lead to chronic kidney disease progression.. With the addition of Dr. Fidel Barrantes, board certified hypertension specialist, Renal Medicine Associates has started a hypertension clinic to focus on care of patients who have difficult to control hypertension (patients who are in 3 medications without achieving adequate blood pressure control), white-coat hypertension, masked-hypertension, poorly controlled hypertension, stress-related hypertension, all secondary and hormonal causes of hypertension, and hypertension complicating pregnancy.. Our hypertension clinic focus is to provide a multidisciplinary approach. Our Hypertension clinic is currently receiving new patients.. ...
Psychosomatic factors in borderline hypertensive subjects and offspring of hypertensive parents. | HypertensionPsychosomatic factors in borderline hypertensive subjects and offspring of hypertensive parents. | Hypertension
Psychosomatic factors, sympathoneural and sympathoadrenal as well as cardiovascular mechanisms, were studied in 24 patients 18-24 years of age with borderline hypertension, 50 age-matched normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents, and 49 controls with no family history of hypertension. They were compared by projective and questionnaire-based psychological tests and their circulatory and neurohormonal reactivity to mental (Stroop color-word conflict test and arithmetic test) and physical stressors (orthostasis and bicycle ergometry test) were measured. Borderline hypertensive subjects externalized aggression less (p less than 0.05) but internalized it more (p less than 0.05) and were more submissive (p less than 0.05) when compared with controls. Offspring of hypertensive parents showed a similar but weaker pattern. Both risk groups reported more positive interactions with their parents (genetic risk subjects versus controls, p less than 0.05; borderline hypertensive patients versus ...
Dyslipoproteinemic changes in borderline hypertension. | HypertensionDyslipoproteinemic changes in borderline hypertension. | Hypertension
The present study examined plasma lipoprotein, lipoprotein lipase, hepatic lipase, and insulin levels in men with borderline hypertension (diastolic blood pressure 85 to 94 mm Hg) compared with age-matched normotensive control subjects (diastolic blood pressure less than or equal to 80 mm Hg, n = 75 + 75). High-density lipoprotein (HDL) subclasses were determined in a subset (n = 45 + 45). While total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were similar, levels of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol and triglycerides (0.46 versus 0.41 mmol/L, P = .027, and 1.0 versus 0.85 mmol/L, P = .031) and total triglycerides (1.53 versus 1.33 mmol/L, P = .009) were elevated and HDL cholesterol was reduced in the borderline group compared with the normotensive group (1.17 versus 1.26 mmol/L, P = .043). The HDL subclass HDL2b concentration was lower (0.16 versus 0.24 mmol/L, P = .006), while HDL3b and HDL3c concentrations were higher in the borderline group (0.38 versus 0.32 mmol/L, P = ...
KNUSTSpace: Dietary Pattern and prevalence of metabolic syndrome in hypertensive outpatients and associated effect on target...KNUSTSpace: Dietary Pattern and prevalence of metabolic syndrome in hypertensive outpatients and associated effect on target...
Hypertension is a major global public health problem due to its related high morbidity and mortality especially in developing countries, with a prevalence of 46% in the adult population. The study was aimed at investigating the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among hypertensive outpatients and its associated effect on target organs. Questionnaire was administered to 150 hypertensive outpatients and 50 non-hypertensives. Anthropometrics such as body mass index, waist circumference, body fat, visceral fat, blood pressure and biochemical parameters including lipid profile, urea, AST, ALT, and coronary risk were determined using standard procedures. Dietary pattern of hypertensives was not different from non-hypertensives. Metabolic syndrome was found to be significantly prevalent among hypertensive group than non-hypertensive group. Among cardiovascular disease markers, high coronary disease risk was significantly higher among participants with metabolic syndrome compared to those without ...
bizark003: Discover How To Find Information On High Blood Pressurebizark003: Discover How To Find Information On High Blood Pressure
According to recent studies about 1 in 3 American adults have high blood pressure. But unfortunately as they rarely show any symptoms about 1/3 of these do not even know that they have it. So where will people like this go to get information on high blood pressure to understand the condition better and find methods to regulate blood pressure levels?. High blood pressure has become known as the "silent killer". Many people do not show any symptoms until the condition has reached a much later stage of development.. In fact the only real way a person can ever tell if they have high blood pressure is by getting a blood pressure reading, generally from a doctor or health professional. Normally, if a docto fashion jackets r thinks that a patient may have high blood pressure then they may ask them to return to the surgery potentially a few times to have the reading checked again. This is so that an accurate baseline can be established. There are a number of factors that can temporarily increase blood ...
HypertensionHypertension
... is a chapter in the book, Cardiovascular Medicine, containing the following 19 pages: Hypertension, Isolated Systolic Hypertension, Hypertension Causes, Hypertension Criteria, Hypertension Evaluation, Hypertension Evaluation Exam, Hypertension Evaluation History, Hypertension Evaluation Labs, Hypertension Management, Hypertension Risk Stratification, Antihypertensive Selection, Resistant Hypertension, Hypertension Management for Specific Comorbid Diseases, Hypertension Management for Specific Populations, Hypertension Management for Specific Emergencies, Hypertension Resources, Pseudohypertension, Hypertensive Encephalopathy, Severe Asymptomatic Hypertension.
Update on the ocular manifestations of systemic arterial hypertension. - Semantic ScholarUpdate on the ocular manifestations of systemic arterial hypertension. - Semantic Scholar
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In a society with a steadily increasing population of patients with hypertension, a significant mortality risk factor, it is important that clinicians be cognizant of the changes seen in ophthalmic examination. This paper demonstrates both the acute and chronic stages of the disease. RECENT FINDINGS This paper first presents the history of classifying different stages of hypertensive retinopathy, a condition associated with systemic arterial hypertension, as defined by Keith-Wagener-Barker. The most recent recommendations published in the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee (JNC) on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure are also described; this report defines the current status and classification of hypertension in the United States, as well as recommendations for its treatment and management. Finally, disease management strategies and currently accepted treatment options are presented. SUMMARY Since systemic arterial hypertension is a
Home blood pressure measurement and its relationship with blood pressure control in a large selected hypertensive population |...Home blood pressure measurement and its relationship with blood pressure control in a large selected hypertensive population |...
Despite the impressive increase of home blood pressure monitoring (BPM) among hypertensive patients over the last few years, a limited number of studies have analysed the rate of home BPM and its relationship with target blood pressure (BP) control, in representative samples of the hypertensive population. The objectives of the study were first to evaluate the prevalence of home BPM in a large selected group of treated hypertensive patients referred to our outpatient hypertension hospital clinic. Second, to assess the rate of satisfactory clinic BP control in patients with or without familiarity with home BPM. In all, 1350 consecutive hypertensive patients who attended our hypertension centre during a period of 12 months and were regularly followed up by the same medical team were included in the study. After informed consent all patients underwent the following procedures: (1) accurate medical history (implemented by a structured questionnaire on demographic and clinical characteristics, ...
Essential hypertension - WikipediaEssential hypertension - Wikipedia
Essential hypertension (also called primary hypertension or idiopathic hypertension) is the form of hypertension that by definition has no identifiable cause. It is the most common type of hypertension, affecting 95% of hypertensive patients, it tends to be familial and is likely to be the consequence of an interaction between environmental and genetic factors. Prevalence of essential hypertension increases with age, and individuals with relatively high blood pressure at younger ages are at increased risk for the subsequent development of hypertension. Hypertension can increase the risk of cerebral, cardiac, and renal events. A recent classification recommends blood pressure criteria for defining normal blood pressure, prehypertension, hypertension (stages I and II), and isolated systolic hypertension, which is a common occurrence among the elderly. These readings are based on the average of seated blood pressure readings that were properly measured during 2 or more office visits. In individuals ...
HYPERTENSION SEVERE - HYPERTENSION SEVERE Hypertension is defined by the 1992 Joint National Committee on Detection Evaluation...HYPERTENSION SEVERE - HYPERTENSION SEVERE Hypertension is defined by the 1992 Joint National Committee on Detection Evaluation...
View Notes - HYPERTENSION_SEVERE from PNR 182 at Orangeburg-Calhoun Technical College. HYPERTENSION: SEVERE Hypertension is defined by the 1992 Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and
High Blood Pressure, Hypertension Treatment, High Blood Pressure Alternative Medicine, High Blood Pressure Alternative...High Blood Pressure, Hypertension Treatment, High Blood Pressure Alternative Medicine, High Blood Pressure Alternative...
High Blood Pressure, Hypertension Treatment of Alternative High Blood Pressure Alternative Neuro Acupuncture Treatment and High Blood Pressure Herbal Herbs Alternative Medicine Treatment on High Blood Pressure Treatment Medical Center High Blood Pressure Remedies
The Childhood Role in Development of Primary Hypertension. by Bonita Falkner"The Childhood Role in Development of Primary Hypertension." by Bonita Falkner
Primary hypertension is not just an adult disorder. Current US population data on children and adolescents demonstrate a prevalence of elevated blood pressure (BP) and hypertension combined of over 10%. Recent reports from prospective cohort studies describe an association of high BP in childhood with hypertension in young adulthood. Excess adiposity is strongly associated with higher BP in childhood and increases risk for hypertension in adulthood. In addition to overweight/obesity, other exposures that raise the risk for high BP include low birthweight, dietary sodium, and stress. Using intermediate markers of cardiovascular injury, studies on hypertensive children report findings of cardiac hypertrophy, vascular stiffness, and early atherosclerotic changes. Impaired cognitive function has also been demonstrated in hypertensive children. Recent advances in clinical and translational research support the concept that the evolution of primary hypertension begins in childhood.
Does cbd oil affect blood pressure medication [2020]Does cbd oil affect blood pressure medication [2020]
It helped so much that he had to go to the doctor to have his blood pressure meds lowered in order to be more in line with the benefits of the CBD oil. CBD oil can help with so many ailments from anxiety and depression to lowering blood sugar and blood pressure. The science of CBD oil for blood pressure control is compelling, but a word of warning is required. For anyone already taking blood pressure medications, its inadvisable to take CBD alongside these medicines without speaking to a doctor first. Using CBD Oil to Reduce Blood Pressure to Normal. All the studies seem to agree that CBD reduces high blood pressure. The product, CBD oil, is, therefore, a more natural remedy for people with cardiovascular related problems which sometimes lead to death. Remember: hypertension affects one in every three adults. CBD Effects on Blood Pressure, and Hypertension. Many people use the terms "hypertension" and "high blood pressure" synonymously. This happens so frequently that many believe that they ...
Neurohumoral Response to Hospitalization in Hypertensive Patients | Clinical Science | Portland PressNeurohumoral Response to Hospitalization in Hypertensive Patients | Clinical Science | Portland Press
1. To investigate whether reduced activity of pressor systems could explain the spontaneous drop in pressure upon hospitalization, 51 subjects with uncomplicated essential hypertension were admitted to hospital. Sodium intake was fixed at 55 mmol/day.. 2. Blood samples for noradrenaline, adrenaline, active renin, angiotensin II and aldosterone were drawn on each morning of the first 3 days of hospitalization; blood pressure was measured at 2 h intervals and values were averaged for each day.. 3. Subjects were divided in two groups depending on whether they became normotensive (group 1; n = 12) or remained hypertensive (group 2; n = 39). This distinction was thought to reflect mild and more severe hypertensive groups respectively.. 4. Although both groups showed a comparable fall in blood pressure during hospitalization, noradrenaline levels fell more consistently in group 1, whereas adrenaline levels fell only in group 2. The components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system rose, but more ...
Blood Pressure Status in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Report from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study | Cancer...Blood Pressure Status in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Report from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study | Cancer...
Background: Hypertension potentiates cardiovascular risk in survivors of childhood cancer previously exposed to cardiotoxic therapies, so it is important to determine the prevalence and risk factors for hypertensive blood pressure in this high-risk group.. Methods: Participants included 3,016 adult 10-year survivors of childhood cancer who had resting blood pressure measurements performed at St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital (Memphis, TN). We characterized the blood pressure status of participants, calculated standardized prevalence ratios based on U.S. population rates, and examined demographic and treatment factors associated with hypertensive blood pressure using logistic regression.. Results: The age-specific cumulative prevalence of hypertension in survivors increased sharply with age, exceeding 70% by age 50, and was substantially higher in all diagnosis groups than expected on the basis of age-, sex-, race/ethnicity-, and BMI-specific population rates. Specific cancer treatments were ...
Systolic blood pressure targets | proLékaře.czSystolic blood pressure targets | proLékaře.cz
1. Franklin SS, Jacobs MJ, Wong ND et al. Predominance of isolated systolic hypertension among middle-aged and elderly US hypertensives: analysis based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III. Hypertension 2001; 37(3): 869-874. 2. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR et al. The seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: the JNC 7 Report. JAMA 2003; 289(19): 2560-2572. 3. Hsu CY, McCulloch CE, Darbinian J et al. Elevated blood pressure and risk of end-stage renal disease in subjects without baseline kidney disease. Arch Intern Med 2005; 165(8): 923-928. 4. Sundström J, Arima H, Jackson R et al. Effects of blood pressure reduction in mild hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 2015; 162(3): 184-191. 5. Neal B, MacMahon S, Chapman N et al. Effects of ACE inhibitors, calcium antagonists, and other blood - pressure - lowering drugs: results of prospectively designed ...
Validation of diabetes mellitus and hypertension diagnosis in computerized medical records in primary health care | BMC Medical...Validation of diabetes mellitus and hypertension diagnosis in computerized medical records in primary health care | BMC Medical...
Computerized Clinical Records, which are incorporated in primary health care practice, have great potential for research. In order to use this information, data quality and reliability must be assessed to prevent compromising the validity of the results. The aim of this study is to validate the diagnosis of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in the computerized clinical records of primary health care, taking the diagnosis criteria established in the most prominently used clinical guidelines as the gold standard against which what measure the sensitivity, specificity, and determine the predictive values. The gold standard for diabetes mellitus was the diagnostic criteria established in 2003 American Diabetes Association Consensus Statement for diabetic subjects. The gold standard for hypertension was the diagnostic criteria established in the Joint National Committee published in 2003. A cross-sectional multicentre validation study of diabetes mellitus and hypertension diagnoses in computerized clinical
Hypertension Blood Pressure and Br Essay - 722 WordsHypertension Blood Pressure and Br Essay - 722 Words
Hypertension is the medical term for high blood pressure. A normal blood pressure is 120/80. A blood pressure reading higher or equal to 140/90 is considered abnormally high. Elevated blood pressure means your heart is working harder than normal, putting both your heart and arteries under great strain. High blood pressure is serious business. On average, people with uncontrolled hypertension are:Seven times more likely to have a stroke. Six times more likely to develop congestive heart failure. Three times more likely to have a heart attack.Different types of hypertensionFrom my research, I didnt find any other types of hypertension.What are some causes?In 90% of cases, the cause of hypertension is unknown. This is called "essential hypertension". The other 10% of cases is called "secondary hypertension". Secondary hypertension is caused by kidney disease, severe narrowing of the aorta, tumors in the adrenal gland, or hardening of the arteries. There are many factors associated with high blood ...
Observational Study to Investigate Resistant Hypertension Prevalence in Korean General Hospitals - Full Text View -...Observational Study to Investigate Resistant Hypertension Prevalence in Korean General Hospitals - Full Text View -...
Diagnosis of resistant hypertension: In case of clinic blood pressure exceeding the boundary of systolic blood pressure at 140mmHg and diastolic blood pressure at 90mmHg (hereinafter refer to as 140/90mmHg) (130/80mmHg for patients with diabetes mellitus or chronic renal disease) despite triple antihypertensive therapy at optimal dose may be diagnosed as resistant hypertension. Antihypertensive medications used include diuretics. Resistant hypertension may also be diagnosed when clinic blood pressure has reached the target value but quadruple or more of antihypertensives are used ...
Renal Dynamics Commences TREAT-HTN Clinical Study for the Treatment of Uncontrolled Hypertension - ReDy - Third-Generation...Renal Dynamics Commences TREAT-HTN Clinical Study for the Treatment of Uncontrolled Hypertension - ReDy - Third-Generation...
About hypertension. Hypertension is a chronic medical condition in which blood pressure in the arteries is elevated. Blood pressure is expressed by two measurements, systolic and diastolic pressures, which are the maximum and minimum pressures, respectively, in the arterial system. Normal blood pressure at rest is within the range of 100-140 mmHg systolic and 60-90 mmHg diastolic. Hypertension is present if the blood pressure is persistently at or above 140/90 mmHg for adults. Sustained hypertension over time is a major risk factor for heart disease, coronary artery disease, stroke, aortic aneurysm, peripheral artery disease and chronic kidney disease. Hypertension affects over 1 billion people worldwide.. About renal denervation. Renal denervation is an interventional approach for the treatment of high blood pressure. A minimally-invasive, endovascular-catheter-based procedure, it uses radiofrequency or ultrasound ablation to treat resistant hypertension. Nerves in the wall of the renal artery ...
Association between coronary heart disease and the C3F-gene in essential hypertension. | CirculationAssociation between coronary heart disease and the C3F-gene in essential hypertension. | Circulation
The occurrence of the C3F allele was investigated in the following three groups: 69 consecutive referred patients with untreated essential hypertension, including borderline hypertension; 70 patients with established and treated essential hypertension, already attending the same outpatient clinic, and 62 age- and sex-matched normotensive healthy subjects without clinical signs of atherosclerosis or familial predisposition to hypertension. In the three groups the C3F allele was found in 38.2%, 29% and 20%, respectively. Among the treated hypertensive patients with C3F gene, 40% had coronary heart disease (CHD) compared to 6.1% among the C3F negative (P less than 0.005), and the relative risk of CHD among the treated hypertensive patients with this allele was found to be 10.2 (P less than 0.002). The C3F gene was present in 72.7% of the treated patients with CHD. In the untreated patients the occurrence of CHD was low, and no differences between C3F positive and negative patients could be ...
Progress in Chronic Disease Prevention Treatment and Perceived Blood Pressure Control Among Self-Reported Hypertensives -- ...Progress in Chronic Disease Prevention Treatment and Perceived Blood Pressure Control Among Self-Reported Hypertensives -- ...
Survey data show that awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension have increased dramatically since 1974. In 1974, only 51% of hypertensive persons were aware that their blood pressure was high. Thirty-six percent of these persons were under treatment, and 16% of those being treated had their blood pressure under control (160 mm Hg systolic or 95 mm Hg diastolic). By 1984, 85% were aware of their condition, and 74% were under treatment (1). In 1984, however, the definition of high blood pressure was changed from 160/95 mm Hg to 140/90 mm Hg. Because of this new definition, surveys conducted during 1982-1984 showed that only 24% of hypertensive patients on medication had their blood pressure under control (2). Because most hypertensive persons have been told that their blood pressure is high, surveys using self-reported blood pressure status have been used to assess awareness, treatment, and perceived control of high blood pressure (3). The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) ...
Hypertension; The Silent Killer - Nature and HealthHypertension; The Silent Killer - Nature and Health
There is no cure for primary hypertension, but blood pressure can almost always be lower with the correct treatment. The goal of treatment is to lower blood pressure to levels that will prevent heart disease and other complications of hypertension. In secondary hypertension, the disease that is responsible for the hypertension is treated in addition to the hypertension itself.Successful treatment of the underlying disorders may cure the secondary hypertension. Treatment to lower blood pressure may include changes in diet, getting regular exercise,and taking antihypertensive medications. Patients falling into the pre-hypertension range who dont have damage to the heart or kidneys often are advised to make needed lifestyle changes only.Eat more fruit and vegetables ...
Trvanie účinku, dôležitá vlastnosť antihypertenzívnych liekov | proLékaře.czTrvanie účinku, dôležitá vlastnosť antihypertenzívnych liekov | proLékaře.cz
1. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR et al (for the National High Blood Pressure Education Program Coordinating Committee). Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2003; 42(6): 1206-1252. 2. Mancia G, De BG, Dominiczak A, Cifkova R et al. 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension: The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens 2007; 25(6): 1105-1187. 3. Mancia G, Laurent S, Agabiti-Rosei E et al. Reappraisal of European guidelines on hypertension management: a European Society of Hypertension Task Force document. J Hypertens 2009; 27(11): 2121-2158. 4. Oh BH, Mitchell J, Herron JR et al. Aliskiren, an oral renin inhibitor, provides dose-dependent efficacy and sustained 24-hour blood pressure control in patients with hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007; 49(11): ...
Can hypertension affect pregnancy | www.QACollections.comCan hypertension affect pregnancy | www.QACollections.com
On One Hand: Chronic Hypertension Can Affect PregnancyWhen a woman has high blood pressure before becoming pregnant, it is referred to as chronic hypertension. According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, expectant mothers with chronic hypertension are more likely to experience complications, such as low birth weight, preterm delivery and preeclampsia. However, carefully monitoring chronic hypertension can prevent serious problems from occurring during pregnancy.On the Other: Gestational Hypertension Is More SeriousGestational hypertension (also called pregnancy induced hypertension, toxemia or preeclampsia) is a condition t...
Age-race subgroup compared with renin profile as predictors of blood pressure response to antihypertensive therapy<...Age-race subgroup compared with renin profile as predictors of blood pressure response to antihypertensive therapy<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Age-race subgroup compared with renin profile as predictors of blood pressure response to antihypertensive therapy. AU - Preston, Richard A.. AU - Materson, Barry J.. AU - Reda, Domenic J.. AU - Williams, David W.. AU - Hamburger, Robert J.. AU - Cushman, William C.. AU - Anderson, Robert J.. PY - 1998/10/7. Y1 - 1998/10/7. N2 - Context. - Renin profiling and age-race subgroup may help select single- drug therapy for stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension. Objective. - To compare the plasma renin profiling and age-race subgroup methods as predictors of response to single-drug therapy in men with stage 1 and 2 hypertension as defined by the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Design. - The Veterans Affairs Cooperative on Single-Drug Therapy of Hypertension, a randomized controlled trial. Setting. - Fifteen Veterans Affairs hypertension centers. Patients. - A total of 1105 ambulatory men with entry diastolic blood pressure ...
Optimizing blood pressure control in the obese patient | MDC BerlinOptimizing blood pressure control in the obese patient | MDC Berlin
Obesity is a major public health issue, and hypertension is one of the most common associated comorbidities. Current guidelines for optimal blood pressure levels in obese patients or for the treatment of obesity-hypertension do not provide specific recommendations that go beyond the rather general recommendation to lose weight. Based on the strong ties between obesity, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes, and the similarity of complications that occur in obesity-related hypertension and in hypertension associated with type 2 diabetes, it seems appropriate to explore the optimal blood pressure levels for obese hypertensive patients. Recently published studies underline the importance of weight reduction to reach this goal. Several lines of reasoning support the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers as the appropriate first-line therapy in obese patients with uncomplicated hypertension. Nondihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, {alpha}-blockers, or ...
How To Cure High Blood Pressure Food High Blood Pressure Hypertension Diet | High Blood Pressure Diet Natural Remedies How To...How To Cure High Blood Pressure Food High Blood Pressure Hypertension Diet | High Blood Pressure Diet Natural Remedies How To...
The World Health Organization has identified hypertension, or high blood pressure, as the leading cause of cardiovascular mortality.[162] The World Hypertension League (WHL), an umbrella organization of 85 national hypertension societies and leagues, recognized that more than 50% of the hypertensive population worldwide are unaware of their condition.[162] To address this problem, the WHL initiated a global awareness campaign on hypertension in 2005 and dedicated May 17 of each year as World Hypertension Day (WHD). Over the past three years, more national societies have been engaging in WHD and have been innovative in their activities to get the message to the public. In 2007, there was record participation from 47 member countries of the WHL. During the week of WHD, all these countries - in partnership with their local governments, professional societies, nongovernmental organizations and private industries - promoted hypertension awareness among the public through several media and public ...
Essential hypertension diagnosis: Costs for treatment #105475 in Germany | BookingHealthEssential hypertension diagnosis: Costs for treatment #105475 in Germany | BookingHealth
Essential hypertension diagnosis (costs for program #105475) ✔ University Hospital RWTH Aachen ✔ Department of Cardiology, Pneumology, Angiology and Internal Intensive Medicine ✔ BookingHealth.com
Essential hypertension diagnosis: Costs for treatment #221967 in Germany | BookingHealthEssential hypertension diagnosis: Costs for treatment #221967 in Germany | BookingHealth
Essential hypertension diagnosis (costs for program #221967) ✔ Asklepios Academic City Hospital Bad Wildungen ✔ Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology ✔ BookingHealth.com
How To Lower Blood Pressure, Prevent High Blood Pressure -Hypertension -Fast Home RemediesHow To Lower Blood Pressure, Prevent High Blood Pressure -Hypertension -Fast Home Remedies
Controlling High Blood Pressure is very crucial, especially when you are aging. Hypertension is a condition which should be prevented because it can be the reason for your frequent illness. According to a Harvard University Research, more than 15% of Americans die because of hypertension and related health problems. It shows no indications, but hypertension increases the risks of killer disease like kidney failure, cognitive decline, heart attack, etc. American Heart Association (A.H.A) research says, more than 25% of the US population has hypertension, but they arent aware of it. In case you didnt have yourself checked up in the last 2 years, do it at the earliest.. You can get relief from High Blood pressure, if you take medicines. But even the medicines have side effects like sleep disorders, Leg Cramps, etc. But usually people are able to bring down the High Blood Pressure without taking any medicines.. Below are the some tips to lower your high blood pressure. 1. Start Power ...
Review: care assisted by nurses or pharmacists provides better blood pressure control | Evidence-Based MedicineReview: care assisted by nurses or pharmacists provides better blood pressure control | Evidence-Based Medicine
randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared interventions aimed at improving BP with no intervention or usual care in patients with treated or untreated essential hypertension and assessed mean systolic (SBP) or diastolic BP (DBP), control of BP, or proportion of patients followed up at clinic. Studies of interventions not intended to increase BP control by organisational or educational means (eg, drug trials) were … ...
Antihypertensive treatments in obese patients: the Antihype... : Journal of HypertensionAntihypertensive treatments in obese patients: the Antihype... : Journal of Hypertension
The majority of hypertensive patients are overweight or obese [1]. The issue is clinically relevant for several reasons. First, obesity and arterial hypertension can be additive in terms of cardiovascular and metabolic risk. For example, obesity and arterial hypertension predispose a person to left ventricular hypertrophy. The risk is increased further in patients burdened by both risk factors. Second, obesity can cause or exacerbate arterial hypertension. In the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey hypertension risk was increased in overweight and more so in obese individuals [2]. Third, blood pressure control is more difficult to achieve, and treatment-resistant arterial hypertension is an important problem in obese patients. The latter topic has been the focus of a recent joint scientific statement by the European Society of Hypertension and the European Association for the Study of Obesity in this Journal [3]. Indeed, the average BMI in the recently published controlled ...
Obesity and Hypertension | Annals of Internal Medicine | American College of PhysiciansObesity and Hypertension | Annals of Internal Medicine | American College of Physicians
Obesity and hypertension are closely associated. Hypertension occurs frequently in industrialized populations that gain weight with advancing age, and is infrequent in primitive populations that are not obese. There are two reasons for concern about the relationship of obesity to hypertension. Weight gain in young adult life is a potent risk factor for later development of hypertension. Weight reduction in obese hypertensive persons often reduces arterial pressure. Mechanisms of obesity hypertension are as yet unidentified; an earlier hypothesis that it is related to salt intake has not been supported by recent studies. Hemodynamic studies have shown that obesity is associated with an elevated cardiac output and expanded blood volume; in normotensive obese persons peripheral vascular resistance is reduced, and in hypertensive persons it is normal or elevated. Studies of hormonal and neural factors have failed to explain the presence of hypertension in some obese persons and its absence in others. ...
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in the elderly: rational use of aliskiren in managing hypertension - Hirsla - Landspítali...Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in the elderly: rational use of aliskiren in managing hypertension - Hirsla - Landspítali...
The overall purpose of hypertension treatment is 2-fold. First, patients often have symptoms that are related to their high blood pressure and although subtle in many instances may be improved dramatically by blood pressure control. The main reason for blood pressure treatment, however, is to reduce the burden of cardiovascular complications and end organ damage related to the condition. This may be considered the ultimate goal of blood pressure treatment. In this respect, actual blood pressure measurements may be seen as surrogate end points as the organ protective effects of two antihypertensive agents may differ significantly even though their blood pressure lowering effects are similar. Thus beta-blockers, once seen as first-line treatment of hypertension for most patients, now are considered as third- or fourthline agents according to the latest NICE guidelines (National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, www.nice.org.uk/CG034). On the other hand, agents that inhibit the activity ...
Implications of Nocturnal Hypertension in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes | Diabetes CareImplications of Nocturnal Hypertension in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes | Diabetes Care
RESULTS Forty-three (52%) subjects were hypertensive, and 30 subjects were classified as having nocturnal hypertension. cIMT was higher in the nocturnal hypertensive group than in the normotensive group (0.44 ± 0.03 vs. 0.42 ± 0.04 mm, P = 0.026). Among children and adolescents with nonhypertensive blood pressure levels in clinic blood pressure monitoring, cIMT and daytime blood pressure were higher in the nocturnal hypertensive group. All ABPM parameters were significantly related to cIMT in multiple linear regression analysis. ...
DailyMed - PRAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE- prazosin hydrochloride capsuleDailyMed - PRAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE- prazosin hydrochloride capsule
Prazosin hydrochloride capsules USP are indicated for the treatment of hypertension, to lower blood pressure. Lowering blood pressure reduces the risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events, primarily strokes and myocardial infarctions. These benefits have been seen in controlled trials of antihypertensive drugs from a wide variety of pharmacologic classes, including this drug. Control of high blood pressure should be part of comprehensive cardiovascular risk management, including, as appropriate, lipid control, diabetes management, antithrombotic therapy, smoking cessation, exercise, and limited sodium intake. Many patients will require more than one drug to achieve blood pressure goals. For specific advice on goals and management, see published guidelines, such as those of the National High Blood Pressure Education Programs Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC). Numerous antihypertensive drugs, from a variety of ...
High normal levels of albuminuria and risk of hypertension in Indo-Asi by Saleem Jessani, Andrew S. Levey et al."High normal levels of albuminuria and risk of hypertension in Indo-Asi" by Saleem Jessani, Andrew S. Levey et al.
BACKGROUND: Urine albumin excretion in the high normal range [urine albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) 10-29 mg/g)] predicts hypertension in European-origin populations. However, the prognostic significance of UACR in the high normal range for incident hypertension is unclear in Indo-Asians. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship of normal to high normal levels of UACR and incident hypertension. METHODS: We conducted a nested cohort study within a cluster randomized controlled trial in Pakistan on 1272 normotensive non-diabetic adults aged ≥ 40 years with UACR/g. Incident hypertension was defined as new onset of systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic ≥ 90 mmHg or initiation of antihypertensive therapy. RESULTS: A total of 920 (72.3%) participants completed the 2-year final follow-up. During this time, 105 (11.4%) developed incident hypertension. In the multivariable model, the odds [95% confidence interval (CI)] for incident hypertension were 2.45(1.21-4.98)
Hypertension in chronic kidney disease and dialysis: Pathophysiology and management<...Hypertension in chronic kidney disease and dialysis: Pathophysiology and management<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Hypertension in chronic kidney disease and dialysis. T2 - Pathophysiology and management. AU - Agarwal, Rajiv. PY - 2005/8. Y1 - 2005/8. N2 - Hypertension affects 24% of the adult US population. In the United States, 3% of the adult population has an elevated serum creatinine level, and 70% of these patients have hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension in chronic kidney disease (CKD) depends on the patients age and the severity of renal failure, proteinuria, and underlying renal disease. As patients with CKD progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), 86% are diagnosed with hypertension. It has long been recognized that kidney function affects and is affected by hypertension. This article discusses the pathophysiology and management of hypertension in patients with CKD.. AB - Hypertension affects 24% of the adult US population. In the United States, 3% of the adult population has an elevated serum creatinine level, and 70% of these patients have hypertension. The prevalence ...
Potassium and Sodium to Control Blood Pressure in Hypertensives - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govPotassium and Sodium to Control Blood Pressure in Hypertensives - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
BACKGROUND:. Appropriately increased interest and concern about high blood pressure as a major public health problem coincided with the indication that the risks of hypertension-related morbidity and mortality could be reduced by reduction of blood pressure. Consensus suggestions that individualized approaches be used in treating patients with mild hypertension stimulated further investigations of non-pharmacological methods. Such investigations were also of considerable interest in relation to understanding the physiology of blood pressure control as well as the development of less costly non-drug therapies. Interest was heightened by information suggesting that there might be distinctly harmful side effects related to antihypertensive drug therapy, particularly thiazide diuretics, in some settings. Studies of non-drug therapies included dietary modifications primarily involving weight reduction and sodium restriction with increasing recent concern about other factors such as alcohol intake, ...
Home Blood Pressure Monitoring Results in Better Blood Pressure Control, Saves CostsHome Blood Pressure Monitoring Results in Better Blood Pressure Control, Saves Costs
Among high BP patients who used home blood pressure monitoring, approximately 86 percent of those patients had their hypertension under control and saved on medical costs
High Blood Pressure Diet Coke High Blood Pressure Diet Chart In Hindi Pdf | High Blood Pressure Diet Juice High Blood Pressure...High Blood Pressure Diet Coke High Blood Pressure Diet Chart In Hindi Pdf | High Blood Pressure Diet Juice High Blood Pressure...
The World Health Organization has identified hypertension, or high blood pressure, as the leading cause of cardiovascular mortality.[162] The World Hypertension League (WHL), an umbrella organization of 85 national hypertension societies and leagues, recognized that more than 50% of the hypertensive population worldwide are unaware of their condition.[162] To address this problem, the WHL initiated a global awareness campaign on hypertension in 2005 and dedicated May 17 of each year as World Hypertension Day (WHD). Over the past three years, more national societies have been engaging in WHD and have been innovative in their activities to get the message to the public. In 2007, there was record participation from 47 member countries of the WHL. During the week of WHD, all these countries - in partnership with their local governments, professional societies, nongovernmental organizations and private industries - promoted hypertension awareness among the public through several media and public ...
Chronic hypertensive disease | definition of chronic hypertensive disease by Medical dictionaryChronic hypertensive disease | definition of chronic hypertensive disease by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of chronic hypertensive disease in the Medical Dictionary? chronic hypertensive disease explanation free. What is chronic hypertensive disease? Meaning of chronic hypertensive disease medical term. What does chronic hypertensive disease mean?
The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure:...The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure:...
The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure provides a new guideline for hypertension prevention and management. The following are the key messages(1) In persons older than 50 years, systolic blood pressure (BP) of m …
Can You Drink Alcohol When Taking High Blood Pressure MedicationCan You Drink Alcohol When Taking High Blood Pressure Medication
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... is a serious condition. Learn about Is It Possible To Get Off High Blood Pressure Medication or are you at risk for Is It Possible To Get Off High Blood Pressure Medication. But if you treat it carefully you can provent Is It Possible To Get Off High Blood Pressure Medication. But bont worry about Is It Possible To Get Off High Blood Pressure Medication? Youve come to the right place. This quick guidence for Is It Possible To Get Off High Blood Pressure Medication. These information will get you started.
Treatment of High Blood Pressure, Hypertension, High Blood Pressure Definition, Causes, Risk Factors, Symptoms, Diagnosis &...Treatment of High Blood Pressure, Hypertension, High Blood Pressure Definition, Causes, Risk Factors, Symptoms, Diagnosis &...
Treatment of High blood pressure is abnormally high blood pressure with no known cause. Blood pressure measurements are read as two numbers. The higher number is called the systolic pressure. The lower number is called the diastolic pressure. Normal systolic pressure is 120 or less, and normal diastolic blood pressure is 80 or less, High blood pressure is defined as systolic pressure greater than 140 and/or diastolic pressure greater than 90. People with systolic blood pressures between 120 and 139, or diastolic pressures of 80 to 89 are considered pre-hypertensive and need medical monitoring and lifestyle changes, High blood pressure puts stress on the heart, lungs, brain, kidneys, and blood vessels. Over time, high blood pressure can damage these organs and tissues, High Blood Pressure, Hypertension, High Blood Pressure Causes, High Blood Pressure Symptoms, High Blood Pressure Treatment, Hypertension Definition, Chronic Hypertension, Effects Of High Blood Pressure, High Blood Pressure Cures, High
Initial therapy for uncomplicated hypertension: Insights from the alphabetic maze of recent studies<...Initial therapy for uncomplicated hypertension: Insights from the alphabetic maze of recent studies<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Initial therapy for uncomplicated hypertension. T2 - Insights from the alphabetic maze of recent studies. AU - Stewart, J. R.. AU - Yeun, Jane Y. PY - 2003/8. Y1 - 2003/8. N2 - Some hypertension treatment guidelines published in the late 1990s recommended that diuretics and β-blockers be used as 1st line drugs for treating uncomplicated hypertension, reserving new antihypertensive drugs for special indications. This recommendation is predicated on the fact that large trials showing cardiovascular protection with antihypertensive drugs used β-blockers and diuretics. Other guidelines suggested all antihypertensives are equal and that drug selection should be individualized. These disparate guidelines arise from the controversy over "are all antihypertensives created equal?" Since these guidelines, many large hypertension trials have been conducted. This paper will review the recent hypertension trials, the meta-analyses of some of these trials, highlight some of the flaws ...
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High blood pressure (Hypertension) can cause serious vision loss: baseline blood pressure as well as spiking blood pressures...High blood pressure (Hypertension) can cause serious vision loss: baseline blood pressure as well as spiking blood pressures...
Many adults have high blood pressure and by the age of 55, more than half of all adults have high blood pressure. Less than half of Americans have their blood pressure under control. The consequences of uncontrolled blood pressure are many throughout the body, and can include damage to almost any organ, including the brain, heart, kidneys, and eyes. An extremely high blood pressure can result in serious damage in a relatively short period of time, even hours. It is important to understand, however, that even a moderately high blood pressure over time can result in serious organ disease as well.. The retina is perfused by a very fine vasculature, that is very fine arteries and veins, which are particulary susceptible to damage from high blood pressure. In many instances, a retinal specialist can note vascular changes consistent with chronic high blood pressure. Prevention of hypertensive disease by early diagnosis and treatment of high blood pressure is essential in avoiding unnecessary disease ...
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Metabolic Syndrome, Proteinuria, and the Risk of Progressive CKD in Hypertensive African Americans<...Metabolic Syndrome, Proteinuria, and the Risk of Progressive CKD in Hypertensive African Americans<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Metabolic Syndrome, Proteinuria, and the Risk of Progressive CKD in Hypertensive African Americans. AU - Lea, Janice. AU - Cheek, Deanna. AU - Thornley-Brown, Denise. AU - Appel, Lawrence. AU - Agodoa, Lawrence. AU - Contreras, Gabriel. AU - Gassman, Jennifer. AU - Lash, Jim. AU - Miller, Edgar R.. AU - Randall, Otelio. AU - Wang, Xuelei. AU - McClellan, William. PY - 2008/5/1. Y1 - 2008/5/1. N2 - Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is more likely to progress to kidney failure (end-stage renal disease) in African Americans, although the reasons for this are unclear. Metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for the development of diabetes and cardiovascular disease and recently was linked to incident CKD. The purpose of this study is to examine whether metabolic syndrome is associated with kidney disease progression in hypertensive African Americans. Design & Participants: The current study design is a secondary analysis of the African-American Study of Hypertension and Kidney ...
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1. Kearney PM, Whelton M, Reynolds K, Muntner P, Whelton PK, He J. Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data. Lancet 2005;365:217-223. 2. Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics - 2014 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2014;129:e28-292. 3. Franklin SS. Cardiovascular risks related to increased diastolic, systolic and pulse pressure: an epidemiologists point of view. Pathol Biol (Paris) 1999;47:594-603. 4. Franklin SS, Jacobs MJ, Wong ND, LItalien GJ, Lapuerta P. Predominance of isolated systolic hypertension among middle-aged and elderly US hypertensives: analysis based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III. Hypertension 2001;37:869-874. 5. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, et al. The seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: the JNC 7 Report. JAMA 2003;289:2560-2572. 6. Collins R, Peto R, MacMahon S, et ...
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Cost-effectiveness of the lower treatment goal (of JNC VI) for diabetic hypertensive patients. Joint National Committee on...Cost-effectiveness of the lower treatment goal (of JNC VI) for diabetic hypertensive patients. Joint National Committee on...
BACKGROUND: The recommendation of the Sixth Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC VI) to lower blood pressure (BP) in diabetic patients to less than 130/85 mm Hg may hav
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Controversies in Cardiology Blood Pressure Targets in Hypertension | University HospitalsControversies in Cardiology Blood Pressure Targets in Hypertension | University Hospitals
DR. WRIGHT: The results of SPRINT are very exciting. This study shows that intensive blood pressure management can prevent the cardiovascular complications of hypertension and save lives. As the NHLBI reported, treating high-risk hypertensive adults age 50 and older reduced cardiovascular events by 30 percent and reduced all-cause mortality by nearly 25 percent when compared with patients treated to a systolic target of 140 mm Hg. SPRINT was designed as a target-based study, which gave physicians flexibility in selecting antihypertensive medications to achieve the assigned blood pressure target. Hypertensive patients with a 10-year Framingham General cardiovascular risk ?15%, age ,75 years of age or pre-existing kidney disease were randomized to intensive blood pressure control (less than 120 mm Hg) or standard blood pressure control (less than 140 mm Hg). In the intensive-therapy arm, patients were treated with three or more antihypertensive medications, including diuretics, calcium channel ...
Hypertension Management Strategies Using Integrative MedicineHypertension Management Strategies Using Integrative Medicine
In light of the new Hypertension guidelines released this month, I wanted to write a post about Naturopathic approaches for blood pressure management. Hypertension, commonly referred to as, High Blood Pressure is a common health condition worldwide. There a variety of causes of hypertension, having to do with the heart, kidneys, liver, endocrine organs and the mind (stress and anxiety). Hypertension can cause symptoms such as palpitations, dizziness, fatigue, and vision changes, depending on how severe it is. Over the past few decades, we have come up with marvelous drugs that manage hypertension quite well. But did you know that most cases of primary essential hypertension are actually due to diet and lifestyle? Similar to many other non-communicable diseases, hypertension can be managed beautifully instead of or in addition to pharmaceutical medications! ...
The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure ...The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure ...
The decision to appoint a committee for JNC 7 was based on four factors: the publication of many new hypertension observational studies and clinical trials since the last report was published in 1997; the need for a new, clear, and concise guideline that would be useful to clinicians; the need to simplify the classification of BP; and a clear recognition that the JNC reports did not result in maximum benefit to the public. This JNC report is presented in two separate publications. The initial "Express" version, a succinct practical guide, was published in the May 21, 2003 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association. The current, more comprehensive report provides a broader discussion and justification for the recommendations made by the committee. As with prior JNC reports, the committee recognizes that the responsible physicians judgment is paramount in managing his or her patients.. Since the publication of the JNC 6 report, the NHBPEP Coordinating Committee, chaired by the ...
Lower blood pressure goal benefits African-Americans with chronic kidney disease, protein in the urineLower blood pressure goal benefits African-Americans with chronic kidney disease, protein in the urine
On average, a lower blood pressure goal was no better than the standard blood pressure goal at slowing progression of kidney disease among African-Americans who had chronic kidney disease resulting from high blood pressure, according to results of the African-American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK), the largest and longest study of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in African-Americans. However, the blood pressure goal did benefit people who also had protein in the urine, which is a sign of kidney damage. The study, funded by the National Institutes of Health, appears in the Sept. 2 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.. Find good dental insurance - BestDentalPlans.com. ...
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The efficacy and tolerability of nebivolol in hypertensive African American patients. - Semantic ScholarThe efficacy and tolerability of nebivolol in hypertensive African American patients. - Semantic Scholar
Hypertensive African Americans often respond poorly to beta-blocker monotherapy, compared with whites. There is evidence, however, that suggests that this response may be different if beta-blockers with vasodilating effects are used. This 12-week, multi-center, double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled study assessed the antihypertensive efficacy and safety of nebivolol, a cardioselective, vasodilating beta1-blocker, at doses of 2.5, 5, 10, 20, or 40 mg once daily in 300 African American patients with stage I or II hypertension (mean sitting diastolic blood pressure [SiDBP] | or =95 mm Hg and | or =109 mm Hg). The primary efficacy end point was the baseline-adjusted change in trough mean SiDBP. After 12 weeks, nebivolol significantly reduced least squares mean SiDBP (P| or =.004) at all doses of 5 mg and higher and sitting systolic blood pressure (P| or =.044) at all doses 10 mg and higher, compared with placebo. The drug was safe and well-tolerated, with no significant difference in the incidence of
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Abstract P349: Dietary Sodium Intake according to the Hypertension Management Status: The Fourth Korea National Health and...Abstract P349: Dietary Sodium Intake according to the Hypertension Management Status: The Fourth Korea National Health and...
Introduction: High sodium intake is an established risk factor for hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. The average sodium intake in Koreans was estimated at 4,645mg/day, which was more than two times compared to the recommended amount, 2000mg/day. We assessed whether people who diagnosed with hypertension or treated for hypertension consume less sodium than those without hypertension.. Methods: The present study analyzed data from a total of 6,577 Koreans (3,816 women and 2,761 men) aged 40 years and older, participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV, 2007-2008). Participants were classified into five groups as follows: normal blood pressure, pre-hypertension, hypertension without treatment, hypertension with treatment, and hypertension with complications. The association between sodium intake and hypertension management status was estimated using exponential regression coefficient, adjusted for potential confounders including age, energy intake, ...
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New recommendations for the use of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in the diagnosis of hypertension | CMAJNew recommendations for the use of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in the diagnosis of hypertension | CMAJ
Increased blood pressure is a leading risk for premature death and disability.1 It is estimated that hypertension is the most costly cardiovascular disease, with overall direct costs to health similar to that for stroke, myocardial infarction and other ischemic heart diseases combined.2 Therefore, efforts to detect and control hypertension are of great importance for public health.. Recently, the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence in the United Kingdom updated their recommendations for the management of hypertension.3 One of the most substantive changes to their recommendations includes the incorporation of home and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring into the diagnosis of hypertension. These guidelines recommend ambulatory blood pressure monitoring if a patient has had two elevated blood pressure readings (≥ 140/90 mm Hg) during an office visit. If ambulatory monitoring is not available or tolerated, home monitoring should be used. The guidelines recommend pharmacotherapy ...
The functional medicine approach to high blood pressureThe functional medicine approach to high blood pressure
The most commonly diagnosed medical condition in the United States is high blood pressure, or hypertension, and blood pressure medications are among the top 10 most commonly prescribed drugs. However, these medications can cause undesirable side effects. Its better to address the underlying causes of high blood pressure-research shows diet and lifestyle changes are just as effective or even better than medications in lowering high blood pressure.. Why should you be concerned about high blood pressure? High blood pressure increases the risk of heart attack, heart failure, kidney failure, diabetes and peripheral vascular disease. Thirty percent of the population has high blood pressure, and another 30 percent has pre-hypertension, or somewhat elevated high blood pressure. Men are more likely than women to have high blood pressure before the age of 45, but after 65 the ratio reverses. African Americans and Mexican-Americans are at an increased risk.. ...
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... , or hypertension, is a condition in which blood pressure levels are measured above the normal ranges. Blood pressure is the force of blood in your arteries. Your blood pressure is high if it is 140/90 or higher. If you have diabetes or chronic kidney disease, 130/80 or higher is considered high blood pressure. High blood pressure increases the risk for heart attack, angina, stroke, kidney failure, and peripheral artery disease. High blood pressure can also cause arteries to age and lose elasticity faster that normal. High blood pressure may also increase the risk of developing fatty deposit in arteries (known as atherosclerosis). The risk of heart failure also increases due to the increased workload that high blood pressure places on the heart.. ...
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Studies of aldosterone renin ratio and genetic variation at the CYP11B1/CYP11B2 locus in human essential hypertension -...Studies of aldosterone renin ratio and genetic variation at the CYP11B1/CYP11B2 locus in human essential hypertension -...
Essential hypertension is seen as a contemporary public health challenge not only because of its high prevalence and variable treatment response but also because it represents a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the regulation of blood pressure, thus making the study of hypertension difficult and complex. Over recent years, with the advent of new molecular technologies, there has been an increasing interest in its genetic component. Alterations in the rate and pattern of adrenal steroid biosynthesis can contribute to blood pressure changes and its heritable component. In humans, mutations in the genes encoding aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) and 11β-hydroxylase (CYP11B1), responsible for the final stages of aldosterone and cortisol production respectively, lead to rare monogenic disorders. Both, glucocorticoid remediable aldosteronism and 11β-hydroxylase deficiency are associated with mineralocorticoid hypertension. More subtle ...
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Notice to Readers: National High Blood Pressure Education Month, May 2007, and World Hypertension Day, May 17Notice to Readers: National High Blood Pressure Education Month, May 2007, and World Hypertension Day, May 17
May is National High Blood Pressure Education Month in the United States, and May 17 is World Hypertension Day. Approximately 72 million persons in the United States aged ,20 years have high blood pressure (i.e., systolic blood pressure ,140 mm Hg or diastolic pressure ,90 mm Hg, are taking antihypertensive medication, or have been told on two or more visits to a physician or other health professional that they have high blood pressure) (1). High blood pressure increases the risk for heart disease and stroke, the first and third leading causes of death, respectively, in the United States. Lowering high blood pressure, which can prevent deaths and reduce adverse effects from heart disease and stroke, can be achieved through lifestyle modifications alone or in combination with drug therapy (2). Lifestyle changes include reducing body weight, adopting a diet high in fruits and vegetables but low in fat, reducing dietary sodium, increasing physical activity, and moderating alcohol consumption. In ...
The Dangers of High Blood Pressure & 6 Signs You Shouldnt Ignore | MedicAlert FoundationThe Dangers of High Blood Pressure & 6 Signs You Shouldn't Ignore | MedicAlert Foundation
Anyone can develop high blood pressure, but various risk factors can dramatically increase your risk for developing high blood pressure including:. Family History- raises the risk of developing high blood pressure. In addition, some have a high sensitivity to sodium and salt, which may increase their risk for high blood pressure and may run in families.. Race/Ethnicity- High blood pressure is more common in African American adults than in Caucasian or Hispanic American adults.. Age- As we age, blood pressure levels tend to rise. About 65 percent of Americans age 60 or older have high blood pressure. However, the risk for prehypertension and high blood pressure is increasing for children and teens, possibly due to the rise in the number of overweight children and teens.. Gender- Before age 55, men are more likely than women to develop high blood pressure. After age 55, women are more likely than men to develop high blood pressure.. Lifestyle Habits-Unhealthy lifestyle habits can raise your risk ...
High Systolic Blood Pressure Increases Heart Risk in Young AdultsHigh Systolic Blood Pressure Increases Heart Risk in Young Adults
Having a high systolic blood pressure increases risk of heart disease and death in young adults, even when diastolic blood pressure is normal, according to a study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.. Doctors typically use an inflatable arm cuff to measure blood pressure, which is recorded in millimeters of mercury (abbreviated as "mmHg") and has two numbers. The top number, called systolic blood pressure, measures pressure in the arteries when the heart beats. The bottom number, called diastolic blood pressure, refers to blood pressure when the heart is at rest. When patients have a blood pressure above normal (120/80 mmHg), they are considered to have prehypertension or hypertension. However, its possible to have a high systolic blood pressure and a normal diastolic blood pressure, or vice versa. Having a high systolic blood pressure and normal diastolic blood pressure, referred to as isolated systolic hypertension, is actually common among older adults and can ...
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Hypertension Center TeamHypertension Center Team
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth CareGeographicals
HypertensionHypertension, PulmonaryHypertension, RenalHypertension, PortalBlood PressureHypertension, RenovascularAntihypertensive AgentsHypertension, MalignantHypertension, Pregnancy-InducedOcular HypertensionRisk FactorsPulmonary ArteryRats, Inbred SHRReninIntracranial HypertensionBlood Pressure DeterminationRats, Inbred WKYKidneyDesoxycorticosteroneHypertrophy, Right VentricularSodium Chloride, DietaryBlood Pressure Monitoring, AmbulatoryVascular ResistanceMonocrotalinePregnancy Complications, CardiovascularHemodynamicsPrevalenceAngiotensin IIRenin-Angiotensin SystemAldosteroneHyperaldosteronismHeart RatePseudotumor CerebriHypertrophy, Left VentricularCardiovascular DiseasesSodium, DietaryTime FactorsFollow-Up StudiesSystoleDiet, Sodium-RestrictedVasodilator AgentsDiureticsDisease Models, AnimalProspective StudiesRats, Inbred DahlHydrochlorothiazidePulmonary CirculationTreatment OutcomeRenal Artery ObstructionRats, Sprague-DawleyPersistent Fetal Circulation SyndromeCross-Sectional StudiesDiabetes MellitusMasked HypertensionAge FactorsAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsObesityPrehypertensionCohort StudiesAngiotensinogenNitric OxideChronic DiseaseAnoxiaSodium ChlorideRenal ArteryAfrican Continental Ancestry GroupRetrospective StudiesSympathetic Nervous SystemPre-EclampsiaEndothelin-1AlbuminuriaKidney DiseasesSex FactorsSodiumSodium Chloride Symporter InhibitorsBody WeightIncidenceCase-Control StudiesAngiotensin II Type 1 Receptor BlockersVasodilationEndothelium, VascularBone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type IIVasoconstrictionRisk AssessmentBody Mass IndexCaptoprilArterial PressureSulfonesDiastoleEchocardiographyAmlodipineVasoconstrictor AgentsDiabetes ComplicationsPregnancyEpoprostenolAtenololNorepinephrineTetrazolesLosartanNephrectomyRenal CirculationSeverity of Illness IndexAortaArteriesHydralazineMuscle, Smooth, VascularProteinuriaReceptor, Angiotensin, Type 1ChlorthalidoneIloprostGlomerular Filtration RateLogistic ModelsPulmonary Wedge PressureReceptors, EndothelinCalcium Channel BlockersUnited StatesComorbidityMultivariate AnalysisCardiomegalyAnalysis of VarianceReference ValuesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Peptidyl-Dipeptidase AKidney Failure, ChronicEsophageal and Gastric VaricesLungOrgan SizeVentricular Function, RightRegression AnalysisJapanCreatinineAdrenergic beta-AntagonistsEuropean Continental Ancestry GroupPurinesDrug Therapy, CombinationRats, WistarPhosphodiesterase 5 InhibitorsNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIIVascular DiseasesMineralocorticoidsOdds RatioSpironolactoneVentricular Dysfunction, RightNatriuresisReceptor, Endothelin AStrokeVenous PressureDouble-Blind MethodNitric Oxide SynthasePortal PressureCerebrovascular DisordersPulmonary EmbolismSex DistributionDose-Response Relationship, DrugPulseEnalaprilUric AcidBendroflumethiazideNephrosclerosisPredictive Value of TestsHyperlipidemiasHeart VentriclesPrognosisIntra-Abdominal HypertensionMethyldopaGenotypeLabetalolSympathectomyPapilledemaDyslipidemiasCardiovascular SystemNG-Nitroarginine Methyl EsterMetabolic Syndrome XAgingAge DistributionCardiac CatheterizationCardiac OutputSmokingPolymorphism, GeneticRegional Blood FlowLife StyleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseBiological MarkersDisease ProgressionHypertrophyNitroprussidePortal VeinEndothelinsArteriolesChinaRats, Inbred StrainsAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsAfrican AmericansSulfonamidesRiskOxidative StressAldosterone SynthaseComplianceMesenteric ArteriesAtrial Natriuretic FactorAsian Continental Ancestry Group
SecondaryJournal of HypertensionKidneyHigh blood prManagement of hypertensionTreat hypertensionSymptomsPathophysiologyClinicalPreventionPrimary hypertensionIncreases2020Essential Hypertension2021Portal hypertension2016Resistant hypertensionOcular hypertensionDietary Approach to Stop HypertensionSymptoms of hypertensionSystolicCardiovascular diseasesPediatric HypertensionClinicalSearchChronicObesityPeople with hypertensionInternational Society of HypertensionComplicationsSecondaryDiagnoseHighGuidelinesPregnancy-induced hypeSevereOnsetLeft untreatedMalignant hypertensionShortness of breRiskPrimaryMedicationsSuffer from hypertensionTreatment for hypertensionHealthDrugsAffectsMild to moderateIndiaOccurs
Secondary1
  • Hypertension is categorized as primary/essential (approximately 90% of all cases) or secondary, which occurs as a result of an identifiable, sometimes correctable pathological condition, such as renal disease or primary aldosteronism. (coursehero.com)
Journal of Hypertension1
Kidney2
High blood pr2
  • High blood pressure (Hypertension) is a common condition in which the long-term force of the blood against your artery walls is high enough that it may eventually cause health problems, such as heart disease. (gumroad.com)
  • HYPERTENSION: SEVERE Hypertension is defined by the 1992 Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure as pressure greater than 140/90 mm Hg and is classified according to the degree of severity. (coursehero.com)
Management of hypertension1
Treat hypertension1
  • Because the majority of Africa is affected by poor health infrastructure and low numbers of health workers, attempts to prevent and treat hypertension are nearly non-existent. (grandchallenges.ca)
Symptoms1
  • CARE SETTING Although hypertension is usually treated in a community setting, management of stages III and IV with symptoms of complications/compromise may require inpatient care, especially when TOD is present. (coursehero.com)
Pathophysiology1
Clinical2
Prevention2
  • Given the urgency in scaling up resources to inform how hypertension prevention and treatment should be implemented, it is important to recognize where rapid scale-up of health infrastructure has previously occurred and work with effective infrastructure to reach the target populations. (grandchallenges.ca)
  • By utilizing the lessons learned in HIV/ AIDS, we can effectively reach out to large populations for hypertension screening, prevention, treatment, and retention. (grandchallenges.ca)
Primary hypertension2
  • The Childhood Role in Development of Primary Hypertension. (jefferson.edu)
  • Primary hypertension is not just an adult disorder. (jefferson.edu)
Increases1
20205
Essential Hypertension7
20211
  • PARIS and NEW YORK, Jan. 18, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Quantum Genomics (Euronext Growth - FR0011648971 - ALQGC) , a biopharmaceutical company specializing in developing a new drug class that directly targets the brain to treat difficult-to-treat and resistant hypertension and heart failure today announced the launch of its Phase III REFRESH study in difficult-to-treat ( 1) or resistant (2) hypertension. (yahoo.com)
Portal hypertension16
20162
  • Orlando, FL - An oral, genetically-modified strain of the probiotic Lactobacillus was used to treat rats with high blood pressure in the lungs, which resulted in reduced blood pressure, improved heart contractility, and reduced heart wall thickness, according to a study presented at the American Heart Association's Council on Hypertension 2016 Scientific Sessions. (clarksvilleonline.com)
  • According to data from the GBD (Global Burden of Disease) study of 2016, hypertension led to 1.63 million deaths in India in the year 2016 alone 11 . (eris.co.in)
Resistant hypertension9
Ocular hypertension2
Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension1
Symptoms of hypertension2
Systolic14
Cardiovascular diseases3
Pediatric Hypertension5
Clinical5
  • The Symplicity renal denervation system may someday be an attractive alternative for patients in the U.S. who have uncontrolled hypertension despite treatment with many medications," says Dr. Samuel J. Mann, a leading hypertension specialist at NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell and professor of clinical medicine at Weill Cornell Medical College, who is leading the study at NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell. (medicalxpress.com)
  • CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: RAAS activation occurs in hyperthyroid cats, but is not associated with the development of hypertension. (avmi.net)
  • Translate the clinical implications of hypertension-related treatment development into practice. (scahec.net)
  • We will discuss further details of SPRINT laterin this brief commentary, but it was evident as soon asthese results were announced and publicized in the laymedia that the practice of clinical hypertension and thewriting of formal hypertension practice guidelines wouldbe influenced by this authoritative study. (johtn.com)
  • Textor, SC 2014, ' Attending rounds: A patient with accelerated hypertension and an atrophic kidney ', Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology , vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 1117-1123. (elsevier.com)
Search1
Chronic3
Obesity5
  • Although insulin resistance and/or compensatory hyperinsulinemia are considered to be involved with hypertension in obese humans, the relationship between plasma adiponectin level and obesity-related hypertension has not been fully clarified. (researchmap.jp)
  • This trend is most likely related to increases in primary hypertension associated with increasing obesity rates in children. (northwestern.edu)
  • Purpose of ReviewThe purpose of this review is to summarize the evidence supporting a role of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as messengers facilitating cross talk between the host and gut microbiota and discuss the effects of altered SCFA signaling in obesity and hypertension.Recent FindingsRecent evidence suggests there to be a significant contri. (mysciencework.com)
  • Management includes treatment of hypertension along with targeting other comorbidities such as dyslipidemia, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and smoking. (johtn.com)
  • 2. It has been observed that obesity is a risk factor to Hypertension. (lazoi.com)
People with hypertension7
International Society of Hypertension1
  • The International Society of Hypertension (ISH) is aware of concern raised by speculation, which was amplified by the media and which suggested that hypertension (raised blood pressure) increases susceptibility to infection with COVID-19. (ish-world.com)
Complications8
Secondary3
Diagnose4
  • The benefit of this trial is that it provides a structured program to not only diagnose hypertension, but to manage it according to American Heart Association guidelines," said Michael Adcock, executive director of the Center for Telehealth. (umc.edu)
  • It allows us the ability not just to measure and diagnose from home, but to create a comprehensive management program for patients with hypertension. (umc.edu)
  • Is hypertension difficult to diagnose? (eris.co.in)
  • Hypertension is harder to diagnose in children than you think. (childrenshospital.org)
High23
Guidelines1
Pregnancy-induced hype1
  • Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) is a condition wherein vasospasm occurs during pregnancy in both the small and large arteries in the body. (nurseslabs.com)
Severe5
  • Headaches associated with hypertension can be mild, moderate, or severe   and can be of a throbbing nature. (verywellhealth.com)
  • Nausea associated with severe hypertension can develop suddenly and may be associated with dizziness. (verywellhealth.com)
  • The goal of Quantum Genomics is to develop innovative treatments for complicated, or even resistant, cases of hypertension (around 30% of patients have poor control of their condition or receive ineffective treatment) and for heart failure (one in two patients diagnosed with severe heart failure dies within five years). (yahoo.com)
  • This condition appears suddenly and is usually more severe than primary hypertension. (cardiology-doctors.com)
  • If left untreated, hypertension can lead to a number of severe health issues . (cardiology-doctors.com)
Onset2
Left untreated1
Malignant hypertension2
  • Less commonly, a condition called hypertensive emergency, which may also be called hypertensive crisis or malignant hypertension can occur. (verywellhealth.com)
  • My father had malignant hypertension, it is a very serious problem. (lazoi.com)
Shortness of bre1
  • Hypertension can cause shortness of breath as a result of the effect on the heart and lung function. (verywellhealth.com)
Risk8
Primary5
  • Herein I highlight 7 significant changes in the initial screening and management of pediatric patients with hypertension that are important to primary care pediatricians. (aappublications.org)
  • OBJECTIVE To determine primary care physician screening, treatment, and control rates for hypertension and to examine whether type of physician payment model affected these rates. (cfp.ca)
  • Hypertension and elevated blood pressures have been a major consideration of primary care for the past 7 decades. (scahec.net)
  • Lifestyle as well as genetics play a significant role in the development of primary hypertension. (northwestern.edu)
  • Last month, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) published its finding that there is not enough evidence to recommend for or against routine screening for primary hypertension in asymptomatic children and teens, repeating its suggestions from 2003. (childrenshospital.org)
Medications3
Suffer from hypertension1
  • The Southwest Louisiana Center for Health Services will receive roughly $200,000 that will be used to treat patients who suffer from hypertension. (kplctv.com)
Treatment for hypertension1
Health11
  • Home » Frequently asked Questions on Health » Can I take oral contraceptives safely with hypertension? (ndtv.com)
  • But what does that translate to for each person for whom hypertension is an ongoing health issue? (disability-benefits-help.org)
  • The Society welcomes applications from trainees, junior and established scientists, clinicians, health care providers and allied health care workers, all with a common interest in hypertension research. (ish-world.com)
  • The benefits of yoga for health are already proven and studies have shown that yoga is a natural cure for hypertension. (naaree.com)
  • Do all the mothers' use, insecurity, the health data collection, her eggs again among desyrel hypertension the interviews. (clubdeportivoguijuelo.com)
  • Hypertension is a growing problem in India and causes significant burden on the health system. (eris.co.in)
  • We developed especially for you the Hypertension & Diabetes Corner , a scientifically structured health portal! (hdcorner.gr)
  • The only way to detect hypertension is to have a health professional measure blood pressure. (healthyliverinitiative.org)
  • By incorporating acupuncture and TCM into your treatment plan, you can treat your hypertension and improve your overall health and well-being. (acupuncture-rx.com)
  • By working together with your practitioner, you'll be on your way to successfully treating your hypertension and improving your health, for today and the days ahead. (acupuncture-rx.com)
  • Beat hypertension- Lower your blood pressure with simple lifestyle changes to protect yourself from this hidden health problem. (professionalsupplementcenter.com)
Drugs12
Affects2
Mild to moderate2
India4
  • Nearly, 10.8% of all deaths in India are attributed to hypertension 9 . (eris.co.in)
  • The hypertension epidemic in India is further complicated by the fact that a large proportion of individuals is unaware of their hypertension status. (eris.co.in)
  • Hypertension has been the principal driver of cardiovascular disease in India. (johtn.com)
  • Hypertension lead to 1.6 million deaths and 33.9 million disability-adjusted life years in 2015 in India. (johtn.com)
Occurs1
Hypertension - User Journals
Hypertension - User Journals (medhelp.org)
Hypertension: Symptoms and Treatment
Hypertension: Symptoms and Treatment (livescience.com)
Journal of Hypertension
Journal of Hypertension (journals.lww.com)
Stages of hypertension (video) | Khan Academy
Stages of hypertension (video) | Khan Academy (khanacademy.org)
Some Hypertension Drugs Linked to Higher Breast Cancer Risk | Live Science
Some Hypertension Drugs Linked to Higher Breast Cancer Risk | Live Science (livescience.com)
A Comprehensive Review of Hypertension in Pregnancy : Figure 2
A Comprehensive Review of Hypertension in Pregnancy : Figure 2 (hindawi.com)
Hypertension Checklist
Hypertension Checklist (sh.lsuhsc.edu)
Neuroendocrine Mechanisms of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Hypertension : Figure 1
Neuroendocrine Mechanisms of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Hypertension : Figure 1 (hindawi.com)
4 lifestyle changes to help manage hypertension (video) | Khan Academy
4 lifestyle changes to help manage hypertension (video) | Khan Academy (khanacademy.org)
Other Health Conditions
Other Health Conditions (cancertutor.com)
Stem Cell Transplants for Pulmonary Hypertension
Stem Cell Transplants for Pulmonary Hypertension (sclero.org)
Brazil's VP hospitalized for signs of hypertension after chemotherapy treatment
Brazil's VP hospitalized for signs of hypertension after chemotherapy treatment (guelphmercury.com)
Primary Hypertension: Basic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications, Book by Werner Kaufmann (Paperback) | chapters.indigo.ca
Primary Hypertension: Basic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications, Book by Werner Kaufmann (Paperback) | chapters.indigo.ca (chapters.indigo.ca)
High-Intensity Intermittent Swimming Improves Cardiovascular Health Status for Women with Mild Hypertension : Figure 4
High-Intensity Intermittent Swimming Improves Cardiovascular Health Status for Women with Mild Hypertension : Figure 4 (hindawi.com)
Pearls For The Neurologist Treating Hypertension | Audio Digest
Pearls For The Neurologist Treating Hypertension | Audio Digest (audio-digest.org)
Parent-Offspring Conflict and the Persistence of Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension in Modern Humans
Parent-Offspring Conflict and the Persistence of Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension in Modern Humans (journals.plos.org)
PHCC - Pulmonary and Sleep Center of the Valley - Pulmonary Hypertension Association
PHCC - Pulmonary and Sleep Center of the Valley - Pulmonary Hypertension Association (phassociation.org)
Portal Hypertension: Diagnostic Imaging and Imaging-Guided Therapy, Book by Plinio Rossi (Paperback) | chapters.indigo.ca
Portal Hypertension: Diagnostic Imaging and Imaging-Guided Therapy, Book by Plinio Rossi (Paperback) | chapters.indigo.ca (chapters.indigo.ca)
The 9th International Symposium On Diabetes, Hypertension, Metabolic Syndrome and Pregnancy (DIP)
The 9th International Symposium On Diabetes, Hypertension, Metabolic Syndrome and Pregnancy (DIP) (comtecmed.com)
The 2017 Hypertension Guidelines
The 2017 Hypertension Guidelines (verywellhealth.com)
Automated 3D Volumetry of the Pulmonary Arteries based on Magnetic Resonance Angiography Has Potential for Predicting Pulmonary...
Automated 3D Volumetry of the Pulmonary Arteries based on Magnetic Resonance Angiography Has Potential for Predicting Pulmonary... (journals.plos.org)
Hypertension Archives | Dr. William Davis
Hypertension Archives | Dr. William Davis (wheatbellyblog.com)
Purchase Generic Aldactazide 25 mg/25 mg for Hypertension 1877.223.9977
Purchase Generic Aldactazide 25 mg/25 mg for Hypertension 1877.223.9977 (bigmountaindrugs.com)
Hypertension Drug Manufacturing in the US - Industry Data, Trends, Stats | IBISWorld
Hypertension Drug Manufacturing in the US - Industry Data, Trends, Stats | IBISWorld (ibisworld.com)
PLOS ONE: Risk Factors of Pulmonary Hypertension in Brazilian Patients with Sickle Cell Anemia
PLOS ONE: Risk Factors of Pulmonary Hypertension in Brazilian Patients with Sickle Cell Anemia (journals.plos.org)
Best 25+ Reversing heart disease ideas on Pinterest | Hypertension blood pressure, Diet to reduce cholesterol and Lower blood...
Best 25+ Reversing heart disease ideas on Pinterest | Hypertension blood pressure, Diet to reduce cholesterol and Lower blood... (pinterest.com)
Diastolic Heart Failure = Failure to relax and fill normally, has a normal ejection fraction Causes: Chronic hypertension,...
Diastolic Heart Failure = Failure to relax and fill normally, has a normal ejection fraction Causes: Chronic hypertension,... (pinterest.com)
The PPARβ/δAgonist GW0742 Relaxes Pulmonary Vessels and Limits Right Heart Hypertrophy in Rats with Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary...
The PPARβ/δAgonist GW0742 Relaxes Pulmonary Vessels and Limits Right Heart Hypertrophy in Rats with Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary... (journals.plos.org)
The incidence of pregnancy hypertension in India, Pakistan, Mozambique, and Nigeria: A prospective population-level analysis
The incidence of pregnancy hypertension in India, Pakistan, Mozambique, and Nigeria: A prospective population-level analysis (journals.plos.org)
Pulmonary Hypertension Studies Now Recruiting Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension & Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary...
Pulmonary Hypertension Studies Now Recruiting Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension & Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary... (clotcare.com)