OrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, Agriculture
HydroquinonesBenzeneArbutinBenzoquinonesPhenolSkin Lightening PreparationsNAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone)FlavodoxinCatecholsBleaching AgentsHyperpigmentationHydroxocobalaminOxidation-ReductionPhenolsQuinonesMelanosisDicumarolPhotiniaMutagensOchronosisPyronineSorbic AcidCarbon-Carbon LigasesParabensDysideaPleurotusChlorophenolsVitamin K 1SphingomonasNaphthoquinonesDesulfitobacteriumPentachlorophenolVeillonellaceaeBiotransformationRifabutinAnisolesFacial DermatosesVitamin KBromatesMaleatesQuinone ReductasesMolecular StructureMixed Function OxygenasesElectron-Transferring Flavoproteins
Hydroquinones
Benzene
Toxic, volatile, flammable liquid hydrocarbon byproduct of coal distillation. It is used as an industrial solvent in paints, varnishes, lacquer thinners, gasoline, etc. Benzene causes central nervous system damage acutely and bone marrow damage chronically and is carcinogenic. It was formerly used as parasiticide.
Arbutin
Benzoquinones
Benzene rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.
Phenol
An antiseptic and disinfectant aromatic alcohol.
Skin Lightening Preparations
Substances used to obtain a lighter skin complexion or to treat HYPERPIGMENTATION disorders.
NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone)
A flavoprotein that reversibly catalyzes the oxidation of NADH or NADPH by various quinones and oxidation-reduction dyes. The enzyme is inhibited by dicoumarol, capsaicin, and caffeine.
Flavodoxin
A low-molecular-weight (16,000) iron-free flavoprotein containing one molecule of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and isolated from bacteria grown on an iron-deficient medium. It can replace ferredoxin in all the electron-transfer functions in which the latter is known to serve in bacterial cells.
Catechols
A group of 1,2-benzenediols that contain the general formula R-C6H5O2.
Bleaching Agents
Chemicals that are used to oxidize pigments and thus effect whitening.
Hyperpigmentation
Excessive pigmentation of the skin, usually as a result of increased epidermal or dermal melanin pigmentation, hypermelanosis. Hyperpigmentation can be localized or generalized. The condition may arise from exposure to light, chemicals or other substances, or from a primary metabolic imbalance.
Hydroxocobalamin
Injectable form of VITAMIN B 12 that has been used therapeutically to treat VITAMIN B 12 DEFICIENCY.
Oxidation-Reduction
A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).
Phenols
Benzene derivatives that include one or more hydroxyl groups attached to the ring structure.
Quinones
Hydrocarbon rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.
Melanosis
Disorders of increased melanin pigmentation that develop without preceding inflammatory disease.
Dicumarol
An oral anticoagulant that interferes with the metabolism of vitamin K. It is also used in biochemical experiments as an inhibitor of reductases.
Photinia
A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE. The common names of chokeberry or chokecherry are also used for some species of PRUNUS.
Mutagens
Chemical agents that increase the rate of genetic mutation by interfering with the function of nucleic acids. A clastogen is a specific mutagen that causes breaks in chromosomes.
Ochronosis
The yellowish discoloration of connective tissue due to deposition of HOMOGENTISIC ACID (a brown-black pigment). This is due to defects in the metabolism of PHENYLALANINE and TYROSINE. Ochronosis occurs in ALKAPTONURIA, but has also been associated with exposure to certain chemicals (e.g., PHENOL, trinitrophenol, BENZENE DERIVATIVES).
Pyronine
Xanthene dye used as a bacterial and biological stain. Synonyms: Pyronin; Pyronine G; Pyronine Y. Use also for Pyronine B. which is diethyl-rather than dimethylamino-.
Sorbic Acid
Mold and yeast inhibitor. Used as a fungistatic agent for foods, especially cheeses.
Carbon-Carbon Ligases
Enzymes that catalyze the joining of two molecules by the formation of a carbon-carbon bond. These are the carboxylating enzymes and are mostly biotinyl-proteins. EC 6.4.
Parabens
Methyl, propyl, butyl, and ethyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They have been approved by the FDA as antimicrobial agents for foods and pharmaceuticals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed, p872)
Dysidea
A genus of SPONGES in the family Dysideidae, in which all skeletal fibers are filled with detritus.
Pleurotus
A genus of basidiomycetous fungi, family POLYPORACEAE, order POLYPORALES, that grows on logs or tree stumps in shelflike layers. The species P. ostreatus, the oyster mushroom, is a choice edible species and is the most frequently encountered member of the genus in eastern North America. (Alexopoulos et al., Introductory Mycology, 4th ed, p531)
Chlorophenols
Phenols substituted with one or more chlorine atoms in any position.
Vitamin K 1
A family of phylloquinones that contains a ring of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone and an isoprenoid side chain. Members of this group of vitamin K 1 have only one double bond on the proximal isoprene unit. Rich sources of vitamin K 1 include green plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria. Vitamin K1 has antihemorrhagic and prothrombogenic activity.
Sphingomonas
A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria characterized by an outer membrane that contains glycosphingolipids but lacks lipopolysaccharide. They have the ability to degrade a broad range of substituted aromatic compounds.
Naphthoquinones
Naphthalene rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.
Desulfitobacterium
A genus of anaerobic, gram-positive bacteria in the family Peptococcaceae, that reductively dechlorinates CHLOROPHENOLS.
Pentachlorophenol
An insecticide and herbicide that has also been used as a wood preservative. Pentachlorphenol is a widespread environmental pollutant. Both chronic and acute pentachlorophenol poisoning are medical concerns. The range of its biological actions is still being actively explored, but it is clearly a potent enzyme inhibitor and has been used as such as an experimental tool.
Veillonellaceae
A family of gram-negative bacteria, in the phylum FIRMICUTES.
Biotransformation
The chemical alteration of an exogenous substance by or in a biological system. The alteration may inactivate the compound or it may result in the production of an active metabolite of an inactive parent compound. The alterations may be divided into METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE I and METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE II.
Rifabutin
A broad-spectrum antibiotic that is being used as prophylaxis against disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection in HIV-positive patients.
Anisoles
A group of compounds that are derivatives of methoxybenzene and contain the general formula R-C7H7O.
Facial Dermatoses
Vitamin K
A lipid cofactor that is required for normal blood clotting. Several forms of vitamin K have been identified: VITAMIN K 1 (phytomenadione) derived from plants, VITAMIN K 2 (menaquinone) from bacteria, and synthetic naphthoquinone provitamins, VITAMIN K 3 (menadione). Vitamin K 3 provitamins, after being alkylated in vivo, exhibit the antifibrinolytic activity of vitamin K. Green leafy vegetables, liver, cheese, butter, and egg yolk are good sources of vitamin K.
Bromates
Negative ions or salts derived from bromic acid, HBrO3.
Maleates
Quinone Reductases
NAD(P)H:(quinone acceptor) oxidoreductases. A family that includes three enzymes which are distinguished by their sensitivity to various inhibitors. EC 1.6.99.2 (NAD(P)H DEHYDROGENASE (QUINONE);) is a flavoprotein which reduces various quinones in the presence of NADH or NADPH and is inhibited by dicoumarol. EC 1.6.99.5 (NADH dehydrogenase (quinone)) requires NADH, is inhibited by AMP and 2,4-dinitrophenol but not by dicoumarol or folic acid derivatives. EC 1.6.99.6 (NADPH dehydrogenase (quinone)) requires NADPH and is inhibited by dicoumarol and folic acid derivatives but not by 2,4-dinitrophenol.
Molecular Structure
The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.
Mixed Function Oxygenases
Widely distributed enzymes that carry out oxidation-reduction reactions in which one atom of the oxygen molecule is incorporated into the organic substrate; the other oxygen atom is reduced and combined with hydrogen ions to form water. They are also known as monooxygenases or hydroxylases. These reactions require two substrates as reductants for each of the two oxygen atoms. There are different classes of monooxygenases depending on the type of hydrogen-providing cosubstrate (COENZYMES) required in the mixed-function oxidation.
Electron-Transferring Flavoproteins
Flavoproteins that serve as specific electron acceptors for a variety of DEHYDROGENASES. They participate in the transfer of electrons to a variety of redox acceptors that occur in the respiratory chain.

Multiple oligodeoxyribonucleotide syntheseson a reusable solid-phase CPG support via the hydroquinone-O,O'-diacetic acid (Q-Linker) linker arm. (1/775)

A strategy for oligodeoxyribonucleotide synthesis on a reusable CPG solid-phase support, derivatized with hydroxyl groups instead of amino groups, has been developed. Ester linkages, through a base labile hydroquinone- O, O '-diacetic acid ( Q-Linker ) linker arm, were used to couple the first nucleoside to the hydroxyl groups on the support. This coupling was rapidly accomplished (10 min) using O -benzotriazol-1-yl- N, N, N ', N '-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate (HBTU) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole as the activating reagents. Oligodeoxyribonucleotide synthesis was performed using existing procedures and reagents, except a more labile capping reagent, such as chloro-acetic anhydride, methoxyacetic anhydride or t-butylphenoxyacetic anhydride, was used instead of acetic anhydride. After each oligodeoxyribonucleotide synthesis, the product was cleaved from the support with ammonium hydroxide (3 min) and deprotected as usual. Residual linker arms or capping groups were removed by treatment with ammonium hydroxide/methylamine reagent and the regenerated support was capable of reuse. Up to six different oligodeoxyribonucleotide syntheses or up to 25 cycles of nucleoside derivatization and cleavage were consecutively performed on the reusable support. This method may provide a significant cost advantage over conventional single-use solid supports currently used for the manufacture of antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotides.  (+info)

Effects of pyrogallol, hydroquinone and duroquinone on responses to nitrergic nerve stimulation and NO in the rat anococcygeus muscle. (2/775)

1. The hypothesis that endogenous superoxide dismutase (SOD) protects the nitrergic transmitter from inactivation by superoxide and that this explains the lack of sensitivity of the transmitter to superoxide generators was tested in the rat isolated anococcygeus muscle. 2. Responses to nitrergic nerve stimulation or to NO were not significantly affected by exogenous SOD or by the Cu/Zn SOD inhibitor diethyldithiocarbamic acid (DETCA). 3. Hydroquinone produced a concentration-dependent reduction of responses to NO with an IC50 of 27 microM, and higher concentrations reduced relaxant responses to nitrergic nerve stimulation with an IC50 of 612 microM. The effects of hydroquinone were only slightly reversed by SOD, so it does not appear to be acting as a superoxide generator. 4. Pyrogallol produced a concentration-dependent reduction in responses to NO with an IC50 value of 39 microM and this effect was reversed by SOD (100-1000 u ml(-1)). Pyrogallol did not affect responses to nitrergic nerve stimulation. Treatment with DETCA did not alter the differentiating action of pyrogallol. 5. Duroquinone produced a concentration-dependent reduction of relaxations to NO with an IC50 value of 240 microM and 100 microM slightly decreased nitrergic relaxations. After treatment with DETCA, duroquinone produced greater reductions of relaxant responses to NO and to nitrergic stimulation, the IC50 values being 8.5 microM for NO and 40 microM for nitrergic nerve stimulation: these reductions were reversed by SOD. 6. The findings do not support the hypothesis that the presence of Cu/Zn SOD explains the greater susceptibility of NO than the nitrergic transmitter to the superoxide generator pyrogallol, but suggest that it may play a role in the effects of duroquinone.  (+info)

8-(N,N-diethylamino)-n-octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate actions on calcium dynamics in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells. (3/775)

AIM: To study 8-(N,N-Diethylamino)n-octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate (TMB), a potent Ca(2+)-antagonist, actions on cellular calcium dynamics in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) cultures. METHODS: A7r5 VSMC were cultured with Fura-2 measurements of intracellular Ca2+ concentration, [Ca2+]i. RESULTS: TMB reduced [Ca2+]i from control levels and blocked [Ca2+]i increase caused by norepinephrine (NE) and 2,5-di (t-butyl)-1,4-benzohydroquinone (BHQ). [Ca2+]i reduction by TMB was further enhanced by ryanodine. CONCLUSION: TMB is an effective agent for blocking the [Ca2+]i increase caused by NE and BHQ and for enhancing the [Ca2+]i reduction caused by ryanodine.  (+info)

Biodegradative mechanism of the brown rot basidiomycete Gloeophyllum trabeum: evidence for an extracellular hydroquinone-driven fenton reaction. (4/775)

We have identified key components of the extracellular oxidative system that the brown rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum uses to degrade a recalcitrant polymer, polyethylene glycol, via hydrogen abstraction reactions. G. trabeum produced an extracellular metabolite, 2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone, and reduced it to 2,5-dimethoxyhydroquinone. In the presence of 2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone, the fungus also reduced extracellular Fe3+ to Fe2+ and produced extracellular H2O2. Fe3+ reduction and H2O2 formation both resulted from a direct, non-enzymatic reaction between 2,5-dimethoxyhydroquinone and Fe3+. Polyethylene glycol depolymerization by G. trabeum required both 2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone and Fe3+ and was completely inhibited by catalase. These results provide evidence that G. trabeum uses a hydroquinone-driven Fenton reaction to cleave polyethylene glycol. We propose that similar reactions account for the ability of G. trabeum to attack lignocellulose.  (+info)

Bioavailability and metabolism of hydroquinone after intratracheal instillation in male rats. (5/775)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the rate and extent of hydroquinone (HQ) absorption and first pass metabolism in the lungs of male rats in vivo. [14C]HQ in physiological saline was administered intratracheally via an indwelling endotracheal tube to simulate inhalation exposure to HQ dust. The bioavailability of HQ was determined by blood sampling simultaneously at arterial and venous sites beginning immediately after administration to conscious rats. Pulmonary absorption and metabolism, and systemic metabolism and elimination were determined by chromatographic analysis of parent compound and metabolites in blood samples after intratracheal administration of [14C]HQ at 0.1, 1.0, and 10 mg/kg. Pulmonary absorption of HQ was found to be very rapid with [14C]HQ detectable in arterial blood, and to a lesser extent in venous blood, within 5 to 10 s after dose administration. Only [14C]HQ was detected in the initial (5-10 s) arterial blood samples at all dose levels, indicating that pulmonary metabolism of HQ was not extensive. However, later blood samples (45-720 s) indicated rapid metabolism and elimination of the parent compound and metabolites after intratracheal absorption. The elimination half-life from the 0.1 mg/kg dose was allometrically scaled to human proportions and used to estimate the steady-state (maximum) human blood concentrations of HQ resulting from presupposed workplace exposures. The estimates indicated minimal levels of HQ in human blood after respiratory exposures of greater than 1 h at 0.1 or 2.0 mg/m3; these levels were less than background concentrations of HQ detected in human blood in previous studies.  (+info)

Antioxidants reversibly inhibit the spontaneous resumption of meiosis. (6/775)

We previously showed that the cell-permeant antioxidant 2(3)-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA) inhibited germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) in oocyte-cumulus complexes (OCC) of the rat. The objective of the present studies was to assess other antioxidants and whether such inhibition was reversible. Spontaneous GVBD in OCC incubated for 2 h was significantly inhibited (P < 0.005) by nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA; GVBD = 19.4%), BHA (GVBD = 25.7%), octyl gallate (OG; GVBD = 52.2%), ethoxyquin (EQ; GVBD = 58.8%), 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-hydroxymethyl phenol (TBHMP; GVBD = 59%), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT; GVBD = 59.5%), and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP; GVBD = 60.0%). Other antioxidants that produced lower but significant (P < 0.05) inhibition of oocyte maturation included propyl gallate (PG; GVBD = 70.3%), 2,4,5-trihydroxybutrophenone (THBP; GVBD = 71.4%), and lauryl gallate (LG; GVBD = 71.4%). Antioxidants that had no effect on oocyte maturation at the same concentration (100 microM) included ascorbic acid, vitamin E, and Trolox. Inhibition of GVBD was evident for up to 8 h of incubation of OCC and denuded oocytes (DO) with BHA or NDGA and was reversed by washing. NDGA was less potent than BHA for inhibition of GVBD in DO, unlike that seen with OCC. Oocyte maturation was induced by incubation of follicles for 3 h with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and this response was inhibited by BHA or NDGA. These findings support the conclusion that cell-permeant antioxidants inhibit spontaneous resumption of meiosis, which may implicate a role of oxygen radicals in oocyte maturation.  (+info)

Determination of hydroquinone in air by high performance liquid chromatography. (7/775)

A method for measuring hydroquinone in air was evaluated, both in the laboratory and in the workplace. The method involved sampling the inhalable fraction onto a filter contained in a multi-holed sampler with a back-up of Tenax TA, followed by desorption into acetonitrile and analysis by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. It was shown to be effective at measuring hydroquinone over the range 0.1 to 2 times a concentration of 0.5 mg/m3 for 8 h.  (+info)

Induction of human UDP glucuronosyltransferases (UGT1A6, UGT1A9, and UGT2B7) by t-butylhydroquinone and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in Caco-2 cells. (8/775)

Human colon carcinoma Caco-2 cells were used to study the induction of UDP glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoforms UGT1A6, UGT1A9, and UGT2B7 by aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists and by antioxidant-type inducers with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and t-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), respectively. Early- (PF11) and late-passage clones (TC7) of Caco-2 cells, which show low and high constitutive UGT1A6 expression, respectively, were selected. The following results were obtained: 1) In Caco-2 cells UGT activity (4-methylumbelliferone as substrate) was significantly enhanced by 10 nM TCDD or 40 to 80 microM TBHQ and 2) duplex reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed for the first time that the expression of human UGT1A6, UGT1A9, and UGT2B7 was enhanced by 40 to 80 microM TBHQ; both UGT1A6 and UGT1A9 were induced by 10 nM TCDD, whereas UGT2B7 was not induced by TCDD. The results suggest that at least two human UGTs (UGT1A6 and UGT1A9) are inducible by aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists and even more isoforms (UGT1A6, UGT1A9, and UGT2B7) are inducible by antioxidant-type inducers in Caco-2 cells.  (+info)

HydroquinoneCream.us - Page 19 - Hydroquinone Cream, 2%, 4%, 8%, Side Effects, Reviews, Over the Counter, Best Hydroquinone...
Hydroquinone is a chemical product in the form of complex crystalline. It is basically used in the skin care products. Pigmentation can be removed with the help of a cream with hydroquinone. Quinol is another name used for hydroquinone. It has a scent base in it. 2% of hydroquinone is used in the skin lightening cream. If the user needs to use a cream with more than 2% concentration, then it is advised to have a prescription.. It is generally used for lightening cream, age spots, freckles, Discoloration of the skin, birth control pills, therapy of hormone replacement. Hydroquinone is a skin bleaching products that is mainly used for skin lightening. The enzyme present in the hydroquinone causes reaction with the skin cell in order to lighten the skin.. ...
http://hydroquinonecream.us/page/19/
hydroquinone usp 4 skin bleaching cream with sunscreens - HydroquinoneCream.us
Hydroquinone usp 4 skin bleaching cream is applicable for the people with the normal skin. People with other skin type may have allergic reaction with the use of hydroquinone cream. It should not be used in the sensitive skins. Children and pregnant ladies should not use hydroquinone creams. However the problems related to hydroquinone during these issues has not been established yet.. Sodium metabisulfite is used in the hydroquinone cream. It is the reason behind causing allergic reaction in the skin. It can transform in to a life threatening situation as well. People may become prone to asthma attack due to use of hydroquinone cream for skin lightening. It mainly happens with the asthmatic people.. It is important to add a protective layer of sunscreen in the hydroquinone cream to avoid exposure to the sun after bleaching. You should cover the bleached area with protective clothing in order to avoid re-pigmentation in the bleached area.. Blackening of the area can happen due to use of ...
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tert-Butylhydroquinone | 1948-33-0tert-Butylhydroquinone | 1948-33-0
Visit ChemicalBook To find more tert-Butylhydroquinone(1948-33-0) information like chemical properties,Structure,melting point,boiling point,density,molecular formula,molecular weight, physical properties,toxicity information,customs codes. You can also browse global suppliers,vendor,prices,Price,manufacturers of tert-Butylhydroquinone(1948-33-0). At last,tert-Butylhydroquinone(1948-33-0) safety, risk, hazard and MSDS, CAS,cas number,Use,cas no may also be you need.
http://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB0415105.htm
ECMDB: Hydroquinone (ECMDB02434) (M2MDB000459)
Hydroquinone, also benzene-1,4-diol, is an aromatic organic compound which is a type of phenol, having the chemical formula C6H4(OH)2. Its chemical structure has two hydroxyl groups bonded to a benzene ring in a para position. Hydroquinone is a white granular solid at room temperature and pressure. The hydroxyl groups of hydroquinone are quite weakly acidic. Hydroquinone can lose an H+ from one of the hydroxyls to form a monophenolate ion or lose an H+ from both to form a diphenolate ion. Hydroquinone has a variety of uses principally associated with its action as a reducing agent which is soluble in water. The presence of hydroquinone in E. coli arises from the catabolism of tyrosine and other similar aromatic substrates ...
http://ecmdb.ca/compounds/M2MDB000459
Inhibition of T Cell Receptor-mediated Signal Transduction by Erbstatin<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Inhibition of T Cell Receptor-mediated Signal Transduction by Erbstatin. AU - Imoto, Masaya. AU - Nakamura, Takeshi. AU - Tanaka, Shin Ichiro. AU - Umezawa, Kazuo. PY - 1994. Y1 - 1994. N2 - Erbstatin, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, inhibited p59fyn- and p56lck-kinases in vitrowith IC50s of 0.21 and 0.18μg/ml, respectively. Inositol phosphates formation, enhanced by anti-CD3, was also inhibited by erbstatin. Moreover, erbstatin treatment prevented anti-CD3-induced interleukin 2 (IL-2) production, but phorbol ester-induced IL-2 production was not affected by erbstatin.. AB - Erbstatin, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, inhibited p59fyn- and p56lck-kinases in vitrowith IC50s of 0.21 and 0.18μg/ml, respectively. Inositol phosphates formation, enhanced by anti-CD3, was also inhibited by erbstatin. Moreover, erbstatin treatment prevented anti-CD3-induced interleukin 2 (IL-2) production, but phorbol ester-induced IL-2 production was not affected by erbstatin.. UR - ...
https://keio.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/inhibition-of-t-cell-receptor-mediated-signal-transduction-by-erb-2
Qualitative and Quantitative Estimation of Hydroquinone in Skin Whitening CosmeticsQualitative and Quantitative Estimation of Hydroquinone in Skin Whitening Cosmetics
Hydroquinone has been used for decades as a skin lightening agent. Its use in cosmetics has been banned as a result of skin problems including contact dermatitis and ochronosis. A total of 22 samples of different skin whitening cosmetics were collected from local market. They were analyzed by using thin layer chromatography and HPLC for qualitative and quantitative determination of their hydroquinone contents. The hydroquinone was extracted from samples by using 96% ethanol and was subjected to TLC analysis. Eleven out of 22 samples were found to contain hydroquinone. The HPLC analysis showed the concentration of hydroquinone ranged from 0.002% to 0.092% in the cosmetic samples.
https://file.scirp.org/Html/22406.html
GLYCEROL MONO PARA AMINO BENZOATE+HYDROQUINONE: Learn About GLYCEROL MONO PARA AMINO BENZOATE+HYDROQUINONE Uses, Dosage, Side...GLYCEROL MONO PARA AMINO BENZOATE+HYDROQUINONE: Learn About GLYCEROL MONO PARA AMINO BENZOATE+HYDROQUINONE Uses, Dosage, Side...
GLYCEROL MONO PARA AMINO BENZOATE+HYDROQUINONE - Learn about GLYCEROL MONO PARA AMINO BENZOATE+HYDROQUINONE including its uses, composition, side-effects, dosage, precautions & FAQs. Read about its interactions, intake instructions and how GLYCEROL MONO PARA AMINO BENZOATE+HYDROQUINONE works only on Pharmasy. ✓Fast Home Delivery with COD ✓No Minimum Order ✓Flat 18% OFF* on all medicines ✓Indias Most Trusted Medical Store
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Marine Drugs | Free Full-Text | Synthetic Strategies to Terpene Quinones/HydroquinonesMarine Drugs | Free Full-Text | Synthetic Strategies to Terpene Quinones/Hydroquinones
The cytotoxic and antiproliferative properties of many natural sesquiterpene-quinones and -hydroquinones from sponges offer promising opportunities for the development of new drugs. A review dealing with different strategies for obtaining bioactive terpenyl quinones/hydroquinones is presented. The different synthetic approches for the preparation of the most relevant quinones/hydroquinones are described.
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/10/2/358/xml
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Hydroquinone monobenzylether | Chemotechnique DiagnosticsHydroquinone monobenzylether | Chemotechnique Diagnostics
Agerite alba; Monobenzone; 4-(Phenylmethoxy)phenol; p-(Benzyloxy)phenol; Hydroquinone benzyl ether; p-Hydroxypehnyl benzyl ether; Benzyl hydroquinone; Monobenzyl hydroquinone; Depigman; Pigmex; Benzoquin; PBP; Benoquin. ...
https://www.chemotechnique.se/products/haptens/hydroquinone-monobenzylether/
Once more, the use of illegal skin lightening creams highlights the dangers of Hydroquinone - nuniiOnce more, the use of illegal skin lightening creams highlights the dangers of Hydroquinone - nunii
A recent study conducted by researchers working at the Medicines and Consumer Safety division of the Scientific Institute of Public Health and the Department of Toxicology and The Dermato-Cosmetology and Centre for Pharmaceutical Research in Brussels, Belgium, entitled In vitro Dermal Absorption of Hydroquinone: Protocol Validation and Applicability on Illegal Skin-Whitening Cosmetics, which was published in the Journal of Skin Pharmacology and Physiology in 2016, has highlighted the serious dangers of hydroquinone penetrating the blood stream by skin absorption with a cumulative toxic effect with daily applications.. Hydroquinone is classified as a drug and is banned for the use in cosmetic products in Europe and in many countries such as Japan, Australia and several African states. Nevertheless, it is still too often found in formulations of depigmenting creams sold online all over the world. The main reason being, that sale of such creams represents a multi-billion dollar market. Sadly ...
https://www.nunii-laboratoire.com/use-illegal-skin-lightening-creams-highlights-dangers-hydroquinone
Plus itPlus it
Within the functional group of transcriptional regulation, we find the transcription factor Fosl2 (also known as Fra2), a Fos family member, among the most prominently up-regulated by both chemopreventive compounds. Interestingly, an antitumor promoter, the phenolic antioxidant tert-butylhydroquinone, was reported to induce expression of Fra2 (Fosl2) as well as Fra1. Furthermore, the authors concluded that inhibitory activator protein-1 complexes composed of Jun-Fra heterodimers, induced by tert-butylhydroquinone, antagonize the transcriptional effects of the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, which are mediated by Jun-Fos heterodimers (21). Similarly, inhibition of interleukin-6-stimulated cell growth of human myeloma and mouse hybridoma cells was shown to be associated with increased expression of Fra2 protein (22). Fra2 has also been associated with differentiation in epidermis, and exogenous expression of Fra-2 (Fosl2) repressed activator protein-1 transcriptional activity ...
http://cancerpreventionresearch.aacrjournals.org/content/2/2/175
Hydroquinone (para-dihydroxybenzene, benzene-1,4-diol, quinol) - Buy on www.bizator.comHydroquinone (para-dihydroxybenzene, benzene-1,4-diol, quinol) - Buy on www.bizator.com
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TDMS Study 05217-99 Pathology TablesTDMS Study 05217-99 Pathology Tables
NTP STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF PRIMARY TUMORS REPORT: PEIRPT08 LAB: SOUTHERN RESEARCH INST T-BUTYLHYDROQUINONE DATE: 04/11/95 EXPERIMENT: 05217 TEST: 99 TIME: 13:15:05 TEST TYPE: CHRONIC CAGES FROM 0000 TO LAST CAGE PAGE: 1 CONT: N01-ES-85219 ROUTE: DOSED FEED NTP C#: C62157 PATHOLOGIST: J. E. HEATH CAS: 1948-33-0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 05217/03 -VS- 05217/04 COMPARISON REASONS FOR REMOVAL: 25019 Moribund Sacrifice 25020 Natural Death 25021 Terminal Sacrifice REMOVAL DATE RANGE: ALL TREATMENT GROUPS: INCLUDE 001 UNTREATD CONTROL INCLUDE 002 UNTREATD CONTROL INCLUDE 005 RTD UNTRCONTROL INCLUDE 006 RTD UNTRCONTROL NTP STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF PRIMARY TUMORS REPORT: PEIRPT08 LAB: SOUTHERN RESEARCH INST T-BUTYLHYDROQUINONE DATE: 04/11/95 EXPERIMENT: 05217 TEST: 99 TIME: 13:15:05 TEST TYPE: CHRONIC CAGES FROM 0000 TO LAST CAGE CONT: N01-ES-85219 ROUTE: DOSED FEED NTP C#: C62157 PATHOLOGIST: J. E. ...
https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/results/path/tablelistings/unorgpath/feedrestr/05217drrp08/index.html
Sciencemadness Discussion Board - What exactl is ortho-chloranil? - Powered by XMB 1.9.11Sciencemadness Discussion Board - What exactl is ortho-chloranil? - Powered by XMB 1.9.11
dividing said total amount of hydroquinone into space-time yield-improving portions and introducing a first portion of the hydroquinone into said aqueous medium; introducing 1.5 to 2.0 times the molar amount, based on said total amount hydroquinone, of chlorine as a gas into the aqueous medium at a temperature of from 20.degree. to 90.degree. C. in a first chlorine addition; adding the remaining portion of hydroquinone; introducing 1.5 to 2.0 times the molar amount, based on said total amount of hydroquinone, of chlorine as a gas in a second chlorine addition; holding the concentration of the hydrochloric acid in the aqueous medium at 23-25% by addition of water; raising the temperature to 100.degree. to 107.degree. C. while introducing additional chlorine gas at 1.7 to 2.5 times the total molar amount of hydroquinone in a third chlorine addition; and diluting the aqueous medium with water to a hydrochloric acid concentration of from 20 to 22 ...
http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=11120
skin bleaching cream hydroquinone | beautylore.com
What does hydroquinone do to your skin? If you drastically want to change your skin color overnight, this is the chemical for you. However, be warned about the drastic effects this chemical hold. What does hydroquinone do to your skin? … Continue reading →. ...
http://beautylore.com/tag/skin-bleaching-cream-hydroquinone/
Products by Skin Concern | Obagi.comProducts by Skin Concern | Obagi.com
Treatment should be limited to relatively small areas of the body at one time since some patients experience a transient skin reddening and a mild burning sensation, which does not preclude treatment.. Pregnancy Category C: Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with topical hydroquinone. It is also not known whether hydroquinone can cause fetal harm when used topically on a pregnant woman or affect reproductive capacity. It is not known to what degree, if any, topical hydroquinone is absorbed systemically. Topical hydroquinone should be used on pregnant women only when clearly indicated.. Nursing Mothers: It is not known whether topical hydroquinone is absorbed or excreted in human milk. Caution is advised when topical hydroquinone is used by a nursing mother.. Pediatric Usage: Safety and effectiveness in children below the age of 12 years have not been established.. Use of the product should be discontinued if hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients is noted.. Please see full ...
http://www.obagi.com/patients/product-line/condition/184
Products by Skin Concern | Obagi.comProducts by Skin Concern | Obagi.com
Treatment should be limited to relatively small areas of the body at one time since some patients experience a transient skin reddening and a mild burning sensation, which does not preclude treatment.. Pregnancy Category C: Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with topical hydroquinone. It is also not known whether hydroquinone can cause fetal harm when used topically on a pregnant woman or affect reproductive capacity. It is not known to what degree, if any, topical hydroquinone is absorbed systemically. Topical hydroquinone should be used on pregnant women only when clearly indicated.. Nursing Mothers: It is not known whether topical hydroquinone is absorbed or excreted in human milk. Caution is advised when topical hydroquinone is used by a nursing mother.. Pediatric Usage: Safety and effectiveness in children below the age of 12 years have not been established.. Use of the product should be discontinued if hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients is noted.. Please see full ...
http://www.obagi.com/patients/product-line/condition/106
Hydroquinone Products - Best Cream For Skin Lightening?
hydroquinone products - Hydroquinone is widely used as a treatment for skin conditions such as hyper-pigmentation and uneven skin.
https://www.underarm-whitening.com/hydroquinone-products/
Hydroquinone - Safe CosmeticsHydroquinone - Safe Cosmetics
VULNERABLE POPULATIONS: Anyone is vulnerable to the effects of hydroquinone, but skin lighteners are marketed to women of color.. REGULATIONS: Banned from cosmetics in the European Union; restricted use in Canadian cosmetics. The U.S. Cosmetics Ingredients Review Panel indicates that hydroquinone is unsafe for use in products that are left on the skin, but because of lax enforcement, directions for skin-lightening products containing hydroquinone encourage frequent and consistent use on the skin.[7],[8],[9] It has been recommended to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) for further studies. The FDA continues to allow the availability of products containing hydroquinone in OTC drugs.. HOW TO AVOID: Consumers should avoid products that list hydroquinone. Consumers should check with companies to confirm the purity of tocopheryl acetate, due to concerns about hydroquinone contamination.. References. [1] Bracchi, P. (2007, January 12). Dying to be whiter: The black women who risk their lives for ...
https://www.safecosmetics.org/get-the-facts/chemicals-of-concern/hydroquinone/
Tretinoin and hydroquinone together / Valacyclovir treatment for cold sores
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Allantoin + hydroquinone + tretinoin topical : usage, side effects, expert advice and allantoin + hydroquinone + tretinoin...Allantoin + hydroquinone + tretinoin topical : usage, side effects, expert advice and allantoin + hydroquinone + tretinoin...
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2% Hydroquinone + Azelaic Acid 4% + Niacinamide 4% Serum - Dark Spot C - Cos De BAHA2% Hydroquinone + Azelaic Acid 4% + Niacinamide 4% Serum - Dark Spot C - Cos De BAHA
HB SERUM of Cos De BAHA What is Cos De BAHA 2% Hydroquinone + Azelaic Acid Serum? Hydroquinone is a skin-lightening agent. It bleaches the skin, which can be helpful when treating different forms of hyperpigmentation. Historically, theres been some back-and-forth on the safety of hydroquinone. In 1982, the U.S. Food a
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Hydroquinone - Registration Dossier - ECHAHydroquinone - Registration Dossier - ECHA
Based on the low octanol water partition coefficient (log Kow 0.59) a low bioaccumulation of hydroquinone is expected. A bioaccumulation factor BCF of 3.162 L/kg is calculated from EPISUITE 4.00 (BCFBAF v3.00). The low potential for bioaccumulation is confirmed by the study using of 14C-labelled Hydroquinone and the fresh water fish Leuciscus idus melanotus. After 3 days, a BCF of 40 L/kg was determined. Radioactivity determination of the BCF includes possibly formed metabolites. Due to low bioaccumulation potential, the fast biodegradability and the low adsorptive potential (Koc 9 L/kg), the bioaccumulation of hydroquinone in sediment species does not need to be investigated. ...
https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/14417/5/4/2
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Order Hydrocortisone Acetate/Hydroquinone/Tretinoin - cream Canadian Pharmacies Hydrocortisone Acetate/Hydroquinone/Tretinoin...Order Hydrocortisone Acetate/Hydroquinone/Tretinoin - cream Canadian Pharmacies Hydrocortisone Acetate/Hydroquinone/Tretinoin...
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hydroquinone kojic acid and vitamin c
The dangers of hydroquinone far outweigh the benefits. Fortunately, there are skin whitening products today that are equally effective and clinically-proven safe. You want a skin whitening product that is natural and has minimal or no side effects at all. The best all-natural alternatives to hydroquinone are Kojic Acid, Vitamin C, and Arbutin. Know that the very first thing you should look for when buying a ...
http://tevredenheidsnorm.nl/29853_hydroquinone-kojic-acid-and-vitamin-c.html
Compounding HotlineCompounding Hotline
Q: A physician wrote a prescription for 8% hydroquinone cream. No antioxidants were specified. Please help!. A: Hydroquinone (dihydroxybenzone) is a hydroxyphenolic compound with a structure similar to melanin precursors. It prevents formation of melanosomes and causes necrosis of existing melanocytes. These properties make it useful in the treatment of skin hyperpigmentation disorders.. Hydroquinone is an oxidizing agent and can turn preparations from bright white to brown ipn a short time; the resulting hydroquinone degradation inactivates it. Hydroquinone concentrations for hyperpigmentation disorders range from 2% to 5%; concentrations greater than that can present stability issues and also may increase the potential for carcinogenicity and dermal toxicity, among other postulated adverse effects.. A literature search revealed no formulations for hydroquinone concentrations greater than 5% in topical preparations. As noted above, hydroquinone presents a particular stability challenge to the ...
http://www.pharmacytimes.com/publications/issue/2011/november2011/compounding-hotline-1111
P-Benzoquinone CAS 106-51-4 Benzoquinone p-Benzoquinone P-quinone PBQ Quinone from China manufacturer - MOSINTER GROUP LIMITED
Product Details of P-Benzoquinone CAS 106-51-4 Benzoquinone p-Benzoquinone P-quinone PBQ Quinone, P-Benzoquinone CAS 106-51-4 Benzoquinone p-Benzoquinone P-quinone PBQ Quinone from China manufacturer on Hisupplier.com.
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2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone - Substance Information - ECHA2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone - Substance Information - ECHA
About this substance This section provides an overview of the calculated volume at which the substance is manufactured or imported to the European Economic Area (EU28 + Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway). Additionally, if available, information on the use of the substance and how consumers and workers are likely to be exposed to it can also be displayed here.. The use information is displayed per substance life cycle stage (consumer use, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites or in manufacturing). The information is aggregated from the data coming from REACH substance registrations provided by industry.. For a detailed overview on identified uses and environmental releases, please consult the registered substance factsheet.. Use descriptors are adapted from ECHA guidance to improve readability and may not correspond textually to descriptor codes described in Chapter R.12: Use Descriptor system of ECHA Guidance on information ...
https://www.echa.europa.eu/cs/web/guest/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.001.674
2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone - Substance Information - ECHA2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone - Substance Information - ECHA
About this substance This section provides an overview of the calculated volume at which the substance is manufactured or imported to the European Economic Area (EU28 + Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway). Additionally, if available, information on the use of the substance and how consumers and workers are likely to be exposed to it can also be displayed here.. The use information is displayed per substance life cycle stage (consumer use, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites or in manufacturing). The information is aggregated from the data coming from REACH substance registrations provided by industry.. For a detailed overview on identified uses and environmental releases, please consult the registered substance factsheet.. Use descriptors are adapted from ECHA guidance to improve readability and may not correspond textually to descriptor codes described in Chapter R.12: Use Descriptor system of ECHA Guidance on information ...
https://echa.europa.eu/et/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.001.674
where to buy hydroquinone toner
Jun 03, 2014· Of the skin-lightening and age spot-brightening agents out there, 4% hydroquinone is the most effective. Overall, it is considered to be safe, but it is important not to use hydroquinone in conjunction with any creams containing peroxides or resorcinol, to avoid the eye area completely, and to switch off with other agents every four months to lower the risk of ochronosis (skin darkening from ...
https://steunmijnclub.nl/839_where-to-buy-hydroquinone-toner.html
Electrochemical Synthesis of Binary and Ternary Niobium-Containing Oxide Electrodes Using the p-Benzoquinone/Hydroquinone Redox...Electrochemical Synthesis of Binary and Ternary Niobium-Containing Oxide Electrodes Using the p-Benzoquinone/Hydroquinone Redox...
Electrochemical Synthesis of Binary and Ternary Niobium-Containing Oxide Electrodes Using the p-Benzoquinone/Hydroquinone Redox ...
http://www.chem.wisc.edu/content/electrochemical-synthesis-binary-and-ternary-niobium-containing-oxide-electrodes-using-p
fluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical | Cignafluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical | Cigna
Fluocinolone is a steroid. It reduces inflammation or swelling. Hydroquinone topical is a skin bleaching agent. Tretinoin topical is a form of vitamin A. It helps the skin to renew itself more quickly. The combination of fluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical is used to treat melasma (dark skin patches) of...
https://www.cigna.com/healthwellness/hw/medications/fluocinolone-hydroquinone-and-tretinoin-topical-d04791a1
Warfield Weekly Update - Using a Hydroquinone/Tretinoin-Based Skin Health System Before and After Electrodessication &...
By David Pariser, M.D., James Spencer, M.D., Kenneth Gross, M.D., Suzanne Bruce, M.D., Robert Loss, M.D. Introduction A common treatment to treat superficial basal cell carcinomas (BCC) is electrodessication and curettage (EDC). A main drawback to this treatment is the unsightly scars it leaves on skin. This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of a hydroquinone/tretinoin skin care system used before and after EDC to improve the cosmetic appearance of the skin. Sample Population This study utilized 51 adult patients with 1-3 biopsy-proven superficial basal cell carcinomas on the trunk. All patients were Caucasian and had Fitzpatrick skin types I, II, III or IV. Overall, 59 lesions were treated. Patients were instructed to avoid using any non-study topical products and to protect the wounds from sun exposure. Methods Patients were randomly assigned to receive either a version of the hydroquinone/tretinoin system or a standard treatment of cleanser and healing ointment. Patients used ...
https://www.multibriefs.com/briefs/sdss/pci103108.htm
FLUOCINOLONE/TRETINOIN/HYDROQUINONE - TOPICAL (Tri-Luma) side effects, medical uses, and drug interactions.FLUOCINOLONE/TRETINOIN/HYDROQUINONE - TOPICAL (Tri-Luma) side effects, medical uses, and drug interactions.
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https://www.medicinenet.com/fluocinolonetretinoinhydroquinone-topical/article.htm
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Cell proliferation is insufficient, but loss of tuberin is necessary, for chemically induced nephrocarcinogenicity<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Cell proliferation is insufficient, but loss of tuberin is necessary, for chemically induced nephrocarcinogenicity. AU - Yoon, Hae Seong. AU - Monks, Terrence J.. AU - Everitt, Jeffrey I.. AU - Walker, Cheryl L.. AU - Lau, Serrine S.. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2002. Y1 - 2002. N2 - Although 2,3,5-tris-(glutathion-S-yl)hydroquinone (TGHQ; 2.5 μmol/kg ip) markedly increased cell proliferation within the outer stripe of the outer medulla (OSOM) of the kidney in both wild-type (Tsc2+/+) and mutant Eker rats (Tsc2EK/+), only TGHQ-treated Tsc2EK/+ rats developed renal tumors, indicating that cell proliferation per se was not sufficient for tumor development. Tuberin expression was initially induced within the OSOM after TGHQ treatment but was lost within TGHQ-induced renal tumors. High extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activity occurred in the OSOM of Tsc2EK/+ rats at 4 mo and in TGHQ-induced renal tumors. Cyclin D1 was also ...
https://arizona.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/cell-proliferation-is-insufficient-but-loss-of-tuberin-is-necessa
Berkongsi Pendapat Pemakanan Sihat & Daging Segar: April 2009Berkongsi Pendapat Pemakanan Sihat & Daging Segar: April 2009
Hydroquinone is a popular product that is used to bleach and lightening the skin. Despite its effectiveness, there is a call to have the product banned. Currently in Europe it has been removed from shelves, but in the United States it can be found in a host of over-the-counter medications.. Hydroquinone has been used to bleach the skin and this often lightens the color of the skin. This practice is common across the globe and according the psychologists the reason why people do this is that white or lighter skinned individuals are more desirable. The use of these products is very common in African, Asian and African-Caribbean communities.. Over the past couple of years, there has been an increase in the amount of skin creams that contain hydroquinone on the marketplace. This increase is believed to be the media focusing on the celebrities who have lighter skin. This is translated into the lighter skinned individuals coming across as being more pretty and successful. Many women in countries in ...
http://dagingsegar.blogspot.com/2009/04/
AAD eNewsletter
There are several treatment options for postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and melasma. Products that contain hydroquinone (pronounced hy-dro-QUIN-own) are the most common treatment option for eliminating dark spots and patches. While prescription-strength products that contain hydroquinone tend to be more effective, several products containing hydroquinone are available at local drug stores without a prescription. This availability may soon change. For more information about the proposal that would remove many of these products from the market, read the facing article in this newsletter, Favored Skin-Lightening Products May Soon Vanish ...
http://test.neton-line.com/EMAIL/eNewsletters/Public/0207.html
hydroquinone + acides alpha-hydroxyhydroquinone + acides alpha-hydroxy
Hydroquinone (HQ) is the most widely used skin depigmenting agent. This agent has a moderate skin depigmenting effect and acts by reducing the number of melanin synthesizing cells in the epidermis. Formulations containing up to 2% HQ are allowed by FDA to be used for skin whitening in normal individuals. These formulations can be purchased ...
https://www.globale-dermatologie.com/en/tag/hydroquinone-acides-alpha-hydroxy
Melashine cream with 4% hydroquinone buy, hyperpigmentation treatment, original, high quality | Great PharmaMelashine cream with 4% hydroquinone buy, hyperpigmentation treatment, original, high quality | Great Pharma
Melashine® cream, contains 4% hydroquinone, which blocks the synthesis of melanin and eliminates the dark spots on the skin, fast & free ship worldwide
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Divine Derriere Skin Lightening 2% Hydroquinone Bleaching Cream with 6% AHA Glycolic Acid and Lactic Acid - Fade Dark Spots,...
Divine Derriere Skin Bleaching 6% AHA Cream is professionally formulated to visibly fade hyperpigmentation, melasma, dark spots / brown spots, freckles, sun spots, and uneven skin tone. Within approximately one month of continued use, you will begin to see noticeable fading in stubborn dark spots. Developed with numerous ingredients that provide a synergistic effect, exfoliate and penetrate your skin more effectively than hydroquinone alone. Our new sophisticated airless jars are designed with a vacuum delivery system that minimizes oxidation from exposure to air. With just a single press, you can dispense a small amount of the product onto the surface of jar to apply and eliminates the need to directly place fingers into the entire product. Wastage is reduced - allowing to use the last drop of the cream ...
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TRI-LUMA (Tretinoin,Hydroquinone,Fluocinolone) dosage, indication, interactions, side effects | EMPR - ONATRI-LUMA (Tretinoin,Hydroquinone,Fluocinolone) dosage, indication, interactions, side effects | EMPR - ONA
TRI-LUMA (Tretinoin,Hydroquinone,Fluocinolone) drug information & product resources from MPR including dosage information, educational materials, & patient assistance.
http://www.oncologynurseadvisor.com/tri-luma/drug/876/
White spots on cheeks. Using Retinoic acid and Hydroquinone. Which laser method I have to opt for?White spots on cheeks. Using Retinoic acid and Hydroquinone. Which laser method I have to opt for?
Question - White spots on cheeks. Using Retinoic acid and Hydroquinone. Which laser method I have to opt for?. Ask a Doctor about Skin whitening, Ask a Dermatologist
http://www.healthcaremagic.com/premiumquestions/White-spots-on-cheeks-Using-Retinoic-acid-and-Hydroquinone-Which-laser-method-I-have-to-opt-for/20003
I have used hydroquinone 10% + Kojic acid 4% + retin a 0.5%I have used hydroquinone 10% + Kojic acid 4% + retin a 0.5%
Question - I have used hydroquinone 10% + Kojic acid 4% + retin a 0.5% - AQ. Find the answer to this and other Dermatology questions on JustAnswer
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Fluocinolone, Hydroquinone, and Tretinoin Information - Drugs.comFluocinolone, Hydroquinone, and Tretinoin Information - Drugs.com
Easy to read patient leaflet for Fluocinolone, Hydroquinone, and Tretinoin. Includes indications, proper use, special instructions, precautions, and possible side effects.
https://www.drugs.com/cdi/fluocinolone-hydroquinone-and-tretinoin.html
Asian Science Citation Index - Articles written by C. M McHaleAsian Science Citation Index - Articles written by C. M McHale
Both occupational exposure to the leukemogen benzene and in vitro exposure to its metabolite hydroquinone (HQ) lead to the induction of numerical and structural chromosome changes. Several studies have shown that HQ can form DNA adducts, disrupt microtubule assembly and inhibit DNA topoisomerase II (topo II) activity. As these are potential mechanisms underlying endoreduplication (END), a phenomenon that involves DNA amplification without corresponding cell division, we hypothesized that HQ could cause END. We measured END in the human lymphoblastoid cell line, TK6, treated with HQ (0-20 µM) and etoposide (0-0.2 µM) for 48 h. Etoposide was used as a positive control as it is a topo II poison and established human leukemogen that has previously been shown to induce END in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Both HQ and etoposide significantly induced END in a dose-dependent manner (Ptrend , 0.0001 and Ptrend = 0.0003, respectively). Since END may underlie the acquisition of high chromosome numbers by ...
https://scialert.net/asci/author.php?ascicat=ALL&author=C.%20M&last=McHale
Poly-vinylidene-fluoride/p-benzoquinone gel polymer electrolyte with good performance by redox mediator effect for Li-Air...Poly-vinylidene-fluoride/p-benzoquinone gel polymer electrolyte with good performance by redox mediator effect for Li-Air...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Poly-vinylidene-fluoride/p-benzoquinone gel polymer electrolyte with good performance by redox mediator effect for Li-Air battery. AU - Kim, Young Bok. AU - Kim, Il To. AU - Song, Myeong Jun. AU - Shin, Moo Whan. PY - 2016/8/20. Y1 - 2016/8/20. N2 - In this study, the poly-vinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/p-benzoquinone (pBQ) gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) is synthesized well with LiTFSI/TEGDME for Li-Air battery (LAB) applications. The PVDF/pBQ GPEs are characterized by electrochemical analysis and compared to the PVDF GPE. We confirm that pBQ molecule in PVDF GPE shows redox mediate behavior during charge-discharge process. Employing PVDF/pBQ GPE for LAB leads to an improved cycleability from 2 to over 30. In addition it results in a charge voltage decrease from around 4.2 V to around 3.3 V. The energy cycle efficiency (ECE) is improved about 15%. The pBQ accelerates to the formation of an amorphous phase on synthesized PVDF GPE matrix by acting inhibitor for polymerization. It leads ...
https://yonsei.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/poly-vinylidene-fluoridep-benzoquinone-gel-polymer-electrolyte-wi
P-Benzoquinone at Best Price in Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra | SHILPA INTERNATIONAL SPECIALTIESP-Benzoquinone at Best Price in Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra | SHILPA INTERNATIONAL SPECIALTIES
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PLOS ONE: accelerating the publication of peer-reviewed sciencePLOS ONE: accelerating the publication of peer-reviewed science
The interrelationship between genetic susceptibility and carcinogenic exposure is important in cancer development. Polymorphisms in detoxification enzymes of the glutathione-S-transferases (GST) family are associated with an increased incidence of lymphoma. Here we investigated the molecular connection of the genetic polymorphism of GSTT1 to the response of lymphocytes to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). In neoplastic situation, GSTT1 deletions were more frequently observed in lymphoma patients (54.9%) than in normal controls (42.0%, P = 0.009), resulting in an increased risk for lymphoma in individuals with GSTT1-null genotype (Odds ratio = 1.698, 95% confidence interval = 1.145-2.518). GSTT1 gene and protein expression were accordingly decreased in GSTT1-deleting patients, consistent with activated profile of cell cycle regulation genes. Mimicking environmental exposure using long-term repeat culture with low-dose PAH metabolite Hydroquinone, malignant B- and T-lymphocytes presented increased
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/citation?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0089302
Skin Care Chronicle: April 2015Skin Care Chronicle: April 2015
Beta-Thujaplicin inhibits the formation of pigment through the blockage of the enzyme tyrosinase, thus acting as a biological whitening agent. While the most common chemical whitening agent, hydroquinone, also uses this mechanism of action, thujaplicin as a biological agent (naturally occurring) can do this without causing major health concerns. As hydroquinone has been derived from a phenol compound, there is a concern for potential carcinogenic effects along with the paradoxical effect of skin darkening when this product is used at high concentrations. For these reasons, hydroquinone has been banned for use as a lightening agent in several countries around the world ...
http://skincarechronicle.blogspot.ca/2015/04/
Brown Spots on Penis Glans(glands) - Urology - MedHelpBrown Spots on Penis Glans(glands) - Urology - MedHelp
Hi All, I just wanted to know if anyone used hydroquinone on their penis glans (head) to treat brown discoloration. I do not have any STDs or any other health issue, I just have this brown pigmen...
https://www.medhelp.org/posts/Urology/Brown-Spots-on-Penis-Glans/show/1411610
Browse WishlistBrowse Wishlist
TERT-BUTYLHYDROQUINONE is a white to light tan crystalline powder or a fine beige powder .TBHQ is a phenolic antioxidant, frequently used as a food preservative.
https://www.eximcan.com/product/tertiary-butylhydroquinonetbhq/
Global Skin Atlas - Diagnosis DetailGlobal Skin Atlas - Diagnosis Detail
History: Young Hispanic-American who developed melasma during pregnancy. She then applied 10% hydroquinone (obtained outside the United States) twice daily. At first, there was some improvement. Then, she noted the areas started becoming paradoxically darker. The darker the skin became, the more hydroquinone she applied! Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of exogenous ochronosis.. ...
http://www.globalskinatlas.com/imagedetail.cfm?TopLevelid=2296&ImageID=5117&did=218
Obagi Nu-Derm Blender - RenewSkinSolutionsObagi Nu-Derm Blender - RenewSkinSolutions
A unique formula containing prescription 4% hydroquinone for the gradual lightening of hyperpigmentation, such as dark spots, sun spots, age spots, melasma, and other types of discoloration. Valid prescription required. BENEFITS - Lightens and brightens hyperpigmentation. FORMULATED WITH - Hydroquinone: Diminishes the
https://www.renewskinsolutions.com/products/obagi-nu-derm-blender
modernaesthetics.com2
When confronted with complaints of localized evidence to prove carcinogenicity. Importantly, unsuper- pigmentary alterations, first and foremost, it vised use of hydroquinone and use of unapproved formula- is essential to identify and treat any underly- tions is reportedly linked to ochronosis and unwanted side ing dermatoses and stress the importance effects. Therefore, patient education is crucial. Take time of sun protection. Patients must use sunscreens-prefer- to assure patients of the safety of the prescription agent ably containing physical blockers like titanium dioxide you recommend-when used as you direct-and describe or zinc oxide-on all sun-exposed skin on a daily basis. clearly the intended duration of therapy. Ideally, patients Additionally, patients should practice UV avoidance will not fear the use of hydroquinone, but they will have a through the use of physical barriers like hats and clothing healthy respect for the agent, reducing the risk for abuse In the case of melasma or ...
http://pharmapdf.com/m/modernaesthetics.com2.html
Lustra , Lustra-AF and AlustraLustra , Lustra-AF and Alustra
Hydroquinone has been successfully used to treat hyperpigmentation disorders for many years. Recently, new formulations containing hydroquinone have become available, including Lustra and Lustra-AF (Medicis). These products also contain glycolic acid 2%, an active antioxidant system...
http://www.skintherapyletter.com/2003/8.5/1.html
HydroquinoneHydroquinone
... is thought to be the active toxin in Agaricus hondensis mushrooms. Hydroquinone has been shown to be one of the ... The name "hydroquinone" was coined by Friedrich Wöhler in 1843. Hydroquinone is produced industrially in two main ways. The ... under the name of colorless hydroquinone, further below in more detail.) [Note: Wöhler's empirical formula for hydroquinone (p ... The useful dye quinizarin is produced by diacylation of hydroquinone with phthalic anhydride. Hydroquinone undergoes oxidation ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroquinone
Hydroquinone glucosyltransferaseHydroquinone glucosyltransferase
... hydroquinone-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-glucose and hydroquinone, whereas its two ... In enzymology, a hydroquinone glucosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.218) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction UDP-glucose ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-glucose:hydroquinone-O-beta-D-glucosyltransferase. Other names in common use ... Arend J, Warzecha H, Stockigt J (2000). "Hydroquinone: O-glucosyltransferase from cultivated Rauvolfia cells: enrichment and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroquinone_glucosyltransferase
Hydroquinone 1,2-dioxygenaseHydroquinone 1,2-dioxygenase
... (EC 1.13.11.66, hydroquinone dioxygenase) is an enzyme with systematic name benzene-1,4-diol: ... Hydroquinone+1,2-dioxygenase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Portal: Biology (EC 1.13.11 ... "Hydroquinone dioxygenase from pseudomonas fluorescens ACB: a novel member of the family of nonheme-iron(II)-dependent ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroquinone_1,2-dioxygenase
4-Butylresorcinol4-Butylresorcinol
"Hydroquinones". Phenols-Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition. Scholastic. 2013. p. 76. (Articles without InChI ... Among several chemicals known to inhibit tyrosinase production, such as hydroquinone, arbutin, and kojic acid, 4- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4-Butylresorcinol
1,4-Benzoquinone1,4-Benzoquinone
H2O Both hydroquinone and catechol are produced. Subsequent oxidation of the hydroquinone gives the quinone. Quinone was ... Oxidation of hydroquinone is facile. One such method makes use of hydrogen peroxide as the oxidizer and iodine or an iodine ... Quinone is mainly used as a precursor to hydroquinone, which is used in photography and rubber manufacture as a reducing agent ... It is excreted in its original form and also as variations of its own metabolite, hydroquinone. 1,4-Benzoquinone is able to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,4-Benzoquinone
Tin(II) chlorideTin(II) chloride
SnCl2 also reduces quinones to hydroquinones. Stannous chloride is also added as a food additive with E number E512 to some ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tin(II)_chloride
UreaseUrease
Phosphoramidates, the most commonly used in agriculture (see above). Hydroquinone and quinones. In medicine, the most ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urease
MequinolMequinol
"Hydroquinone". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a13_499. Komen L, ... US 4933504, Correale M, Panseri P, Romano U, Minisci F, "Process for the preparation of mono-ethers of hydroquinones" "4- ... Gambarotti C, Melone L, Punta C, Shisodia SU (2013). "Selective Monoetherification of 1,4-Hydroquinone Promoted by NaNO2". ... Monobenzone (benzyloxyphenol) Hydroquinone Guaiacol 2-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde Stiefel Laboratories, Inc. "Full ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mequinol
Photographic developerPhotographic developer
Hydroquinone is superadditive with metol, meaning that it acts to "recharge" the metol after it has been oxidised in the ... Hydroquinone can also be toxic to the human operator as well as environment; some modern developers replace it with ascorbic ... Developers for high contrast work have higher concentrations of hydroquinone and lower concentrations of metol and tend to use ... However, the staining effect only appears in solutions with very little sulfite, and most hydroquinone developers contain ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photographic_developer
Clathrate compoundClathrate compound
Clathrates are formed when hydroquinone (PQ) solutions crystallize under pressure of some noble gases (G). They have the ... Other hydrogen-bonded networks are derived from hydroquinone, urea, and thiourea. A much studied host molecule is Dianin's ... Birchall, T.; Frampton, C. S.; Schrobilgen, G. J.; Valsdóttir, J. (1989). "Β-Hydroquinone xenon clathrate". Acta ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clathrate_compound
Mercury poisoningMercury poisoning
"FDA Proposes Hydroquinone Ban". Archived from the original on 2007-07-03.FDA bans hydroquinone in skin whitening products "NYC ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury_poisoning
William de Wiveleslie AbneyWilliam de Wiveleslie Abney
In 1880, he introduced hydroquinone. Abney also introduced new and useful types of photographic paper, including in 1882 a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_de_Wiveleslie_Abney
HyperpigmentationHyperpigmentation
In the EU hydroquinone was banned from cosmetic applications. Oral medication with procyanidin plus vitamins A, C, and E also ... Hydroquinone was the most commonly prescribed hyperpigmentation treatment before the long-term safety concerns were raised, and ... Several are prescription only in the US, especially in high doses, such as hydroquinone, azelaic acid, and kojic acid. Some are ... "Hydroquinone - Substance evaluation - CoRAP - ECHA". echa.europa.eu. Retrieved 2017-02-12. Handog, Evangeline (2009-07-20). "A ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperpigmentation
AcneAcne
Hydroquinone is generally well-tolerated; side effects are typically mild (e.g., skin irritation) and occur with the use of a ... Hydroquinone is ineffective for hyperpigmentation affecting deeper layers of skin such as the dermis. The use of a sunscreen ... Hydroquinone lightens the skin when applied topically by inhibiting tyrosinase, the enzyme responsible for converting the amino ... In extremely rare cases, the frequent and improper application of high-dose hydroquinone has been associated with a systemic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acne
Cystoseira elegansCystoseira elegans
Hydroxylated diterpenoid-hydroquinones can be isolated from C. elegans. Hydroxylated diterpenoid-hydroquinones from cystoseira ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cystoseira_elegans
Dakin oxidationDakin oxidation
Other synthetically useful products of the Dakin oxidation include guaiacol, a precursor of several flavorants; hydroquinone, a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakin_oxidation
PyrogallolPyrogallol
Hydroquinone is more commonly used today. It is also used in isolation of inert gases from a mixture of gases, which requires ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrogallol
PhenolsPhenols
... are oxidized to hydroquinones in the Elbs persulfate oxidation. Reaction of naphtols and hydrazines and sodium ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenols
Agaricus hondensisAgaricus hondensis
Jovel E, Kroeger P, Towers N (1996). "Hydroquinone: the toxic compound of Agaricus hondensis". Planta Medica. 62 (2): 195. doi: ... Relatively high levels of the chemical hydroquinone are present in fruit bodies. Fungi portal List of Agaricus species Zeller ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agaricus_hondensis
Georges BalagnyGeorges Balagny
Hydroquinone et potasse, nouvelle méthode de développement... Paris: Gauthier-Villars, 1889. Traité de photographie par les ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Balagny
1,6-Hexanediol diacrylate1,6-Hexanediol diacrylate
with 90ppm hydroquinone - HDODA - 43203 - Alfa Aesar". www.alfa.com. Retrieved 2020-02-27. Ohara, Takashi; Sato, Takahisa; ... Like other acrylate monomers it is usually supplied with a radical inhibitor such as hydroquinone added. The material is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,6-Hexanediol_diacrylate
Azelaic acidAzelaic acid
A 1996 review claimed 20% AzA is as potent as 4% hydroquinone after a period of application of three months without the ... It has been recommended as an alternative to hydroquinone. As a tyrosinase inhibitor, azelaic acid reduces synthesis of melanin ... Draelos, Z. (Sep-Oct 2007). "Skin lightening preparations and the hydroquinone controversy". Dermatologic Therapy. 20 (5): 308- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azelaic_acid
NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone 1)NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone 1)
Vitamin K hydroquinone serves as a cofactor for vitamin K γ‐carboxylase that catalyzes γ‐carboxylation of specific glutamic ... NQO1 catalyzes the reduction of vitamin K1, K2 and K3 into their hydroquinone form, but it only has a high affinity for Vitamin ... A possible explanation is the accumulation of phenols and hydroquinone in the target organ-the bone marrow-and subsequent ... This enzyme facilitates the two electron reduction of quinone to hydroquinone. NQO1-mediated two electron reduction of quinone ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NAD(P)H_dehydrogenase_(quinone_1)
CatalaseCatalase
The larger of the pair, the storage chamber or reservoir, contains hydroquinones and hydrogen peroxide, while the smaller, the ... The oxygen oxidizes the hydroquinones and also acts as the propellant. The oxidation reaction is very exothermic (ΔH = −202.8 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalase
CatecholCatechol
ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4. Lander, John J.; Svirbely, W. J. (1945). "The Dipole Moments of Catechol, Resorcinol and Hydroquinone ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catechol
BenzeneBenzene
... phenol to hydroquinone, and hydroquinone to both benzenetriol and catechol. Hydroquinone, benzenetriol and catechol are ... hydroquinone and 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene. Most of these metabolites have some value as biomarkers of human exposure, since they ... hyperdiploidy and chromosome breakage in interphase human lymphocytes following exposure to the benzene metabolite hydroquinone ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzene
Gentisic acidGentisic acid
... is produced by carboxylation of hydroquinone. C6H4(OH)2 + CO2 → C6H3(CO2H)(OH)2 This conversion is an example of ... maleylpyruvate As a hydroquinone, gentisic acid is readily oxidised and is used as an antioxidant excipient in some ... "Hydroquinone" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. 2005 Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi: ... Hydroquinones, Salicylic acids, Dihydroxybenzoic acids, Phenolic human metabolites, Human drug metabolites). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gentisic_acid
EurocentrismEurocentrism
The common products used were hydroquinone and corticosteroids. 75% of women who used these creams showed cutaneous adverse ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurocentrism
Stain removalStain removal
Bleach Traditional bleach contains chlorine and/or hydroquinone. Chlorine can irritate and burn skin, as can skin-bleaching ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stain_removal
MenadiolMenadiol
... is an organic compound with the formula C6H4(COH)2(CH)(CH3). It is formally a derivative of p-hydroquinone. It is an ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menadiol
Hydroquinone | NIOSH | CDCHydroquinone | NIOSH | CDC
Exposure to hydroquinone may cause irritation to the eyes and central nervous system. Workers may be harmed from exposure to ... hydroquinone. The level of exposure depends upon the dose, duration, and work being done ... Hydroquinone (C₆H₄(OH)₂) is a light-tan, light-gray, or colorless crystal. ... Hydroquinone (C₆H₄(OH)₂) is a light-tan, light-gray, or colorless crystal. Exposure to hydroquinone may cause irritation to the ...
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/hydroquinone/default.html
Hydroquinone - Canada.caHydroquinone - Canada.ca
Questions and answers regarding the uses of Hydroquinone and actions taken to protect the public and the environment. ... Hydroquinone. CAS Registry Number 123-31-9. The Final Screening Assessment for Hydroquinone was published on July 5, 2008 as ... While hydroquinone occurs naturally in some foods, there is no evidence to show that the natural presence of hydroquinone in ... Hydroquinone is used in the production of other chemicals. It is also used in a variety of industrial and consumer adhesives, ...
https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/chemical-substances/challenge/batch-1/hydroquinone.html
Browsing by Subject HydroquinonesBrowsing by Subject "Hydroquinones"
Hydroquinone : health and safety guide  World Health Organization; International Programme on Chemical Safety; United Nations ... Hydroquinone / published under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour ... Evaluates the risks to human health and the environment posed by exposure to hydroquinone, a chemical found, in natural form, ...
https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?authority=Hydroquinones&type=mesh
DailyMed - HYDROQUINONE creamDailyMed - HYDROQUINONE cream
Hydroquinone (UNII: XV74C1N1AE) (Hydroquinone - UNII:XV74C1N1AE) Hydroquinone. 40 mg in 1 g. ... Each gram of Hydroquinone USP, 4% Skin Bleaching Cream contains 40 mg hydroquinone USP, in a vanishing cream base of aqua ( ... Published studies have demonstrated that hydroquinone is a mutagen and a clastogen. Treatment with hydroquinone has resulted in ... Chemically, hydroquinone is C6H6O2 and has a molecular weight of 110.11. The chemical name is 1,4 dihydroxybenzene, and the ...
https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=d4edbeca-d6ca-42c0-86b7-a7130ba3b963
Nomination Summary for Hydroquinone (N79382)Nomination Summary for Hydroquinone (N79382)
Nomination Summary for Nomination Summary for Hydroquinone (N79382). Nomination Summary for Hydroquinone (N79382). Nominated ...
https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/getinvolved/nominate/summary/nm-n79382.html
Process for the production of ditertiary butyl hydroquinone - Patent US-2511193-A - PubChemProcess for the production of ditertiary butyl hydroquinone - Patent US-2511193-A - PubChem
US-2511193-A chemical patent summary.
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/patent/US-2511193-A
hydroquinone topical Uses, Side Effects, Dosage & Interactionshydroquinone topical Uses, Side Effects, Dosage & Interactions
Drug Information on hydroquinone topical includes side effects, uses, drug interactions, dosage, drug pictures, overdose ... Generic Name: hydroquinone topical. *What is hydroquinone topical?. *What are the possible side effects of hydroquinone topical ... Hydroquinone may cause numbness in these areas. Avoid exposure to sunlight or tanning beds. Hydroquinone topical can make you ... Do not use hydroquinone topical on open wounds or on sunburned, windburned, dry, chapped, or irritated skin. ...
https://www.emedicinehealth.com/drug-hydroquinone_topical/article_em.htm
fluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical | Michigan Medicinefluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical | Michigan Medicine
... hydroquinone, and tretinoin topicalPronunciation: FLOO oh SIN oh lone, HYE droe KWIN one, TRET in oinBrand: Tri-LumaWhat is the ... most important information I should know about fluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical?Avoid exposure to sunlight or ... Fluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical is for use only on the skin. If this medicine gets in your eyes or mouth, ... Fluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical (for use on the skin) is a combination medicine used to treat melasma (dark ...
https://www.uofmhealth.org/health-library/d04791a1
Pigmentation & HydroquinonePigmentation & Hydroquinone
Hydroquinone is used as a treatment for darkened skin areas such as freckles, age spots, brown spots and melasma. It is also ... Hydroquinone is a chemical found in many cream treatments for pigmentation problems. It is used to whiten the skin as a ... Pigmentation & Hydroquinone. adminsos 13th August 2011 Pigmentation & Hydroquinone. Hydroquinone is a chemical found in many ... While hydroquinone is an effective lightening agent, it is also potentially harmful. The use of hydroquinone is banned in some ...
https://www.ag3derm.com/pigmentation-hydroquinone/
Frontiers | Hydroquinone; A Novel Bioactive Compound from Plant-Derived Smoke Can Cue Seed Germination of LettuceFrontiers | Hydroquinone; A Novel Bioactive Compound from Plant-Derived Smoke Can Cue Seed Germination of Lettuce
This compound was identified as hydroquinone using 1D and 2D NMR techniques. At low concentrations (5, 10, and 20 ppm), ... This compound was identified as hydroquinone using 1D and 2D NMR techniques. At low concentrations (5, 10 and 20 ppm), compound ... Hydroquinone; A Novel Bioactive Compound from Plant-Derived Smoke Can Cue Seed Germination of Lettuce. Muhammad Kamran1†, Abdul ... 2009) identified hydroquinone from Podophyllum hexandrum, which was found to enhance wheat seedling growth (Li et al., 2009). A ...
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2017.00030/full
No Hydroquinone, Means No Worries For Modus - RushPR NewsNo Hydroquinone, Means No Worries For Modus - RushPR News
NEWS RELEASE No Hydroquinone, Means No Worries for Modus. Dr.’s Applaud Europe’s New Import To Fight Signs of Aging ... in the benefit of medical grade skin care regimens but was forced to find alternatives to hydroquinone due to its ban in the EU ... nor do they want to incorporate hydroquinone with the FDA still undecided on its fate. The beauty of MODUS is that the system ... physicians seeking alternatives to hydroquinone (HQ) for their patients requesting anti-aging skincare and skin health. ...
https://www.rushprnews.com/2009/08/19/no-hydroquinone-means-no-worries-for-modus/
A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial of Niacinamide 4% versus Hydroquinone 4% in the Treatment of MelasmaA Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial of Niacinamide 4% versus Hydroquinone 4% in the Treatment of Melasma
i,Objective,/i,. To evaluate the therapeutic effect of topical niacinamide versus hydroquinone (HQ) in melasma patients. ,i, ... To evaluate the therapeutic effect of topical niacinamide versus hydroquinone (HQ) in melasma patients. Patients and Methods. ... Diverse modalities in drug therapy have been used such as hydroquinone (HQ), which inhibits the tyrosinase enzyme activity. In ... A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial of Niacinamide 4% versus Hydroquinone 4% in the Treatment of Melasma. Josefina ...
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/drp/2011/379173/
FDA Funds Safety Monitoring and Expects Hydroquinone Monograph | Cosmetics & ToiletriesFDA Funds Safety Monitoring and Expects Hydroquinone Monograph | Cosmetics & Toiletries
Hydroquinone is recognized as a potential carcinogen and cause of ochronosis, and has subsequently been banned in several ... Rules pertaining to skin bleaching cream are expected in May 2009 and will address the safety of hydroquinone in skin bleaching ... The products reportedly contain mercury and hydroquinone compounds, which according to the Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS), ...
https://www.cosmeticsandtoiletries.com/regulations/regional/news/21846147/fda-funds-safety-monitoring-and-expects-hydroquinone-monograph
Cellulose organic acid ester plastics containing hydroquinone monosalicylate - Patent US-2839418-A - PubChemCellulose organic acid ester plastics containing hydroquinone monosalicylate - Patent US-2839418-A - PubChem
US-2839418-A chemical patent summary.
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/patent/US-2839418-A
4-Methoxyphenol Hydroquinone Monomethyl Ether - Carbomer4-Methoxyphenol Hydroquinone Monomethyl Ether - Carbomer
Be the first to review "4-Methoxyphenol Hydroquinone Monomethyl Ether" Cancel reply. Your rating *. Rate…. Perfect. Good. ...
https://carbomer.com/product/4-methoxyphenol-hydroquinone-monomethyl-ether/
Ban On Hydroquinone/ Unsafe Skin Lightening - Fair & Flawless
Flawless products DO NOT contain hydroquinone, mercury or any other dangerous or banned ingredients. Our unique formulations ... Ban on Skin Bleaching Creams containing Hydroquinone Safe Skin Lightening Fair & ... Studies on rodents show only "some evidence" that hydroquinone may cause cancer. However, the drugs link to a disfiguring ... The creams typically contain a drug called hydroquinone, a possible carcinogen also linked to a skin-disfiguring condition, the ...
https://fairandflawlessskin.com/pages/ban-on-hydropquinoine
Skin Therapeutic Ultra Jessners plus 2% Hydroquinone 4 ozSkin Therapeutic Ultra Jessner's plus 2% Hydroquinone 4 oz
Ultra Jessners Peel formula with plus 2% Hydroquinone. Self neutralizing chemical peel.
https://www.delasco.com/skin-therapeutic-ultra-jessners-4-oz/
Hydroquinone - Side Effects, Uses, Dosage, Overdose, Pregnancy, Alcohol | RxWikiHydroquinone - Side Effects, Uses, Dosage, Overdose, Pregnancy, Alcohol | RxWiki
Get up-to-date information on Hydroquinone side effects, uses, dosage, overdose, pregnancy, alcohol and more. Learn more about ... Hydroquinone Topical 4% Topical Cream*Hydroquinone Topical 4% Topical Emulsion*Hydroquinone Topical 4% Topical Gel*Hydroquinone ... Fluocinolone/hydroquinone/tretinoin Topical 0.01%-4%-0.05% Topical Cream*Hydroquinone Topical 2% Topical Cream*Hydroquinone ... How was your experience with Hydroquinone?. First, a little about yourself. Male Female ...
https://www.rxwiki.com/hydroquinone/
Inquiry for HYDROQUINONE 123-31-9 of China HYDROQUINONE 123-31-9 Suppliers
Inquiry for China HYDROQUINONE 123-31-9 of Anhui Tianrun Chemical Industry Stock Co., Ltd. , China HYDROQUINONE 123-31-9 ...
https://chemnet.com/ChinaSuppliers/16574/HYDROQUINONE--enquiry--568021.html
Hydroquinone - Mechanism, Indication, Contraindications, Dosing, Adverse Effect, Interaction, Hepatic Dose | Drug Index |...Hydroquinone - Mechanism, Indication, Contraindications, Dosing, Adverse Effect, Interaction, Hepatic Dose | Drug Index |...
Medical information for Hydroquinone on Pediatric Oncall including Mechanism, Indication, Contraindications, Dosing, Adverse ... Hydroquinone. Mechanism : Topical application of hydroquinone produces a reversible depigmentation of the skin by inhibition of ... Prior history of sensitivity or allergic reaction to hydroquinone or to any of the ingredients of the product. The safety of ... topical hydroquinone use during pregnancy or in children below 12 years has not been established. ...
https://www.pediatriconcall.com/drugs/hydroquinone/649
Polyphenols; hydroquinone (quinol) and its salts imports from United States |2021Polyphenols; hydroquinone (quinol) and its salts imports from United States |2021
Polyphenols; hydroquinone (quinol) and its salts. 2021. United States. 0.09. Nepal. Import. 290722. Polyphenols; hydroquinone ( ... In 2021, Top importers of Polyphenols; hydroquinone (quinol) and its salts from United States were China ($17,355.24K , ... Polyphenols; hydroquinone (quinol) and its salts. 2021. United States. 60.71. Switzerland. Import. 290722. Polyphenols; ... HS Code 290722: Polyphenols; hydroquinone (quinol) and its salts. Please note: Exports is gross exports and Imports is gross ...
https://wits.worldbank.org/trade/comtrade/en/country/All/year/2021/tradeflow/Imports/partner/USA/product/290722
Tretinoin Hydroquinone Maxi Peel Exfoliant Solution - Tretinoin 0.05 ReviewsTretinoin Hydroquinone Maxi Peel Exfoliant Solution - Tretinoin 0.05 Reviews
Tretinoin Hydroquinone Maxi Peel Exfoliant Solution. SEARCH BY NAME:ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPRSTUVWXYZ ... Weezer mykel and carli b side new music downloads hold me undone the sweater song (tretinoin hydroquinone maxi peel exfoliant ... super of hydroquinone tretinoin and fluocinolone acetonide cream india tadalafil such, response. The recommended starting dose ...
http://wfcresources.com/tretinoin-hydroquinone-maxi-peel-exfoliant-solution-mnjk
Magnalyte Plus Cream (Flucinolone Acetonide/Hydroquinone/Tretinoin) - PowpillsMagnalyte Plus Cream (Flucinolone Acetonide/Hydroquinone/Tretinoin) - Powpills
Magnalyte Plus Cream (Flucinolone Acetonide/Hydroquinone/Tretinoin). $8.00. - $40.00. Active Ingredient (Generic Name):. ... Magnalyte Plus Cream (Flucinolone Acetonide/Hydroquinone/Tretinoin) - 15 Gm. Pack Size. Price:. Price/unit. Quantity. Add To ... Be the first to review "Magnalyte Plus Cream (Flucinolone Acetonide/Hydroquinone/Tretinoin)" Cancel reply. Your email address ... Categories: Skin Care, Acne, Melasma Tag: Magnalyte Plus Cream (Flucinolone Acetonide/Hydroquinone/Tretinoin) ...
https://www.powpills.com/product/magnalyte-plus-cream-flucinolone-acetonide-hydroquinone-tretinoin/
Skin Lightening Soap Without Hydroquinone | Isis.gold (Shopping - Other Shopping Ads)Skin Lightening Soap Without Hydroquinone | Isis.gold (Shopping - Other Shopping Ads)
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Determination of hydroquinone content in skin-lightening creams in Lagos, NigeriaDetermination of hydroquinone content in skin-lightening creams in Lagos, Nigeria
The study was aimed at investigating the concentration of hydroquinone content, if any, in various skin lightening cosmetics ... with label value of hydroquinone failed the USP specification for percentage purity of hydroquinone. In conclusion, the ... Determination of hydroquinone content in skin-lightening creams in Lagos, Nigeria. Author(s):. L Siyaka, AE Joda, HB Yesufu and ... Hydroquinone reference standard was used to prepare calibration curve. From the results obtained, Only 7 of the creams had ...
https://www.thepharmajournal.com/archives/?year=2016&vol=5&issue=9&ArticleId=868
Hydroquinone 5% Cream Vitaquin 15g Skin Bleaching Agent, For Hyperpigm - LatestockHydroquinone 5% Cream Vitaquin 15g Skin Bleaching Agent, For Hyperpigm - Latestock
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Hydroquinone CreamHydroquinone Cream
... is used to remove dark spots on the skin (hyperpigmentation, melasma and age spots) that are caused by ... Contraindications to hydroquinone cream. *Note the expiration date of Hydroquinone Cream and do not take it if your medicine ... Hydroquinone Cream Drug Information. Hydroquinone cream is used to remove dark spots on the skin (hyperpigmentation, melasma ... Amount and method of using hydroquinone cream. Read the package leaflet carefully before starting treatment with hydroquinone ...
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Hydroquinones | Profiles RNS
"Hydroquinones" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject ... This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Hydroquinones" by people in this website by year, and whether ... Fungal hydroquinones contribute to brown rot of wood. Environ Microbiol. 2006 Dec; 8(12):2214-23. ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Hydroquinones" by people in Profiles. ...
https://profiles.ouhsc.edu/display/8386
TretinoinMelasmaHyperpigmentationCreamLimited the concentration of hydroquinoneBenzoyl peroxideSafety of hydroquinoneEffective than hydroquinoneLightenAlternativesDoctor or pharmacistGlycolicMonomethyl EtherContain hydroquinoneContains hydroquinoneIngredientsRetinoic acidRecommend hydroquinoneLustraExogenous ochronosisSunscreenIngredientMelaninEtherOchronosisNiacinamideArbutinIrritationOxidationSouth AfricaDark spotsTopical is usually appliedExposureDoseSkincareHydrocortisoneOverdoseMercuryKojicPregnancySensitivityChemicalsProductsCompoundsSkin bleac
Tretinoin24
  • What is the most important information I should know about fluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical? (uofmhealth.org)
  • Fluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical (for use on the skin) is a combination medicine used to treat melasma (dark skin patches) on the face. (uofmhealth.org)
  • Fluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. (uofmhealth.org)
  • What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before using fluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical? (uofmhealth.org)
  • You should not use this medicine if you are allergic to fluocinolone, hydroquinone, or tretinoin. (uofmhealth.org)
  • Using fluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical during pregnancy could harm the unborn baby. (uofmhealth.org)
  • Although your skin does not absorb as much tretinoin as if you were taking the medicine by mouth, it may be best not to use fluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical if you are pregnant. (uofmhealth.org)
  • It is not known whether fluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. (uofmhealth.org)
  • How should I use fluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical? (uofmhealth.org)
  • Fluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical is for use only on the skin. (uofmhealth.org)
  • Fluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical is usually applied once per day, at least 30 minutes before bedtime. (uofmhealth.org)
  • Fluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical is for short-term use only until you get the desired results. (uofmhealth.org)
  • Fluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical should be used as part of a complete skin care program that includes avoiding sunlight, using an effective sunscreen (minimum SPF of 30), and wearing protective clothing. (uofmhealth.org)
  • What should I avoid while using fluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical? (uofmhealth.org)
  • Fluocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin topical can make you sunburn more easily. (uofmhealth.org)
  • Weezer mykel and carli b side new music downloads hold me undone the sweater song ( tretinoin hydroquinone maxi peel exfoliant solution ) alternate take. (wfcresources.com)
  • super of hydroquinone tretinoin and fluocinolone acetonide cream india tadalafil such, response. (wfcresources.com)
  • The combination of tretinoin and hydroquinone can be used as a skin lightening agent. (medscape.com)
  • Tretinoin may help lighten lentigines, particularly when used in combination with hydroquinone. (medscape.com)
  • top exporter said onWednesday, with a self-imposed slowdown in shipments set to bemaintained until hydroquinone tretinoin babyface solution mid-November. (thefinehealth.com)
  • towards how to use hydroquinone tretinoin and mometasone furoate cream their priority health goals, log participation in health classes and events, generate personal. (thefinehealth.com)
  • We compound Hydroquinone by itself or with Tretinoin . (cfspharmacy.pharmacy)
  • View cart "A Ret HC Creams (Hydroquinone/Tretinoin/Hydrocortisone)" has been added to your cart. (hotmedz.com)
  • Description This all-in-one Brilliant Skin Essentials® Brilliant Rejuv Set - Hydroquinone Tretinoin - is your partner to achieve your dream to have that lustrous, glass skin. (clicknbuy.qa)
Melasma18
  • Hydroquinone USP, 4% Skin Bleaching Cream is indicated for the gradual bleaching of hyperpigmented skin conditions such as chloasma, melasma, freckles, senile lentigines, and other unwanted areas of melanin hyperpigmentation. (nih.gov)
  • Hydroquinone topical (for the skin) is used to lighten areas of darkened skin such as freckles , age spots, melasma (sun damage), or chloasma (darkened skin caused by hormonal changes). (emedicinehealth.com)
  • Hydroquinone is used as a treatment for darkened skin areas such as freckles, age spots, brown spots and melasma. (ag3derm.com)
  • To evaluate the therapeutic effect of topical niacinamide versus hydroquinone (HQ) in melasma patients. (hindawi.com)
  • Hydroquinone cream is used to remove dark spots on the skin ('hyperpigmentation', 'melasma' and 'age spots') that are caused by pregnancy, taking birth control pills or hormonal pills, or due to damage to the skin. (marsoclinic.com)
  • Until the ban of hydroquinone, OTC products with this compound were widely sought by many individuals with darker skin tones to self-treat melasma and other forms of hyperpigmentation, according to Woolery-Lloyd. (medscape.com)
  • Of the several controlled studies she cited, one double-blind randomized trial found niacinamide to be equivalent to hydroquinone for melasma on the basis of colorimetric measures. (medscape.com)
  • The study compared 4% niacinamide cream applied on one side of the face with 4% hydroquinone cream applied on the other side in 27 patients with melasma. (medscape.com)
  • In the study, 5% ascorbic acid cream on one side of the face was compared with 4% hydroquinone cream, applied on the other side, in 16 women with melasma. (medscape.com)
  • In two older studies in medical journals published in Pakistan, both the 2% and 4% strengths of liquiritin cream outperformed hydroquinone on the basis of a Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI) rating. (medscape.com)
  • OTC products containing azelaic acid are also effective for hyperpigmentation based on published trials in which they were compared with hydroquinone for treating melasma. (medscape.com)
  • In one study of 29 women with melasma cited by Woolery-Lloyd, 20% azelaic acid cream was more effective than hydroquinone 4% cream after 2 months of treatment on the basis of the mean MASI score (6.2 vs. 3.8). (medscape.com)
  • In the case of tranexamic acid, Woolery-Lloyd cited a relatively recent study of 60 patients with melasma, comparing two strategies for applying tranexamic acid to treatment with hydroquinone over 12 weeks. (medscape.com)
  • Hydroquinone (Lustra) cream is prescribed to lighten darkened areas of the skin such as freckles, melasma, liver spots, and other areas of hyperpigmentation. (canadianprescriptiondrugstore.com)
  • A powerful 2% hydroquinone bleaching crème (formerly known as Melamin) that helps lighten hyperpigmented skin associated with conditions such as melasma, chloasma and severe sun damage. (myskinshop.com)
  • Researchers on the Makati Medical Middle in Manila, Philippines in contrast a 20% azelaic acid therapy to a 2% hydroquinone therapy for melasma. (politikomreal.com)
  • Over a interval of 24 weeks, 73% of the azelaic acid sufferers, in contrast with 19% of the buy hydroquinone cream sufferers, skilled good to glorious outcomes, primarily based on the discount of melasma colour depth and blemish dimension. (politikomreal.com)
  • Hydroquinone is used for hyperpigmentation, melasma, dark spots and freckles. (cfspharmacy.pharmacy)
Hyperpigmentation5
  • The most commonly used topical treatments for treating hyperpigmentation are usually hydroquinone or retinoids, which are quite irritating to the skin. (labmuffin.com)
  • It's supposed to be less irritating than hydroquinone, but can sometimes cause temporary postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. (labmuffin.com)
  • Hydroquinone should not be used for longer than 5 months at a time in order to prevent inflammation, resistance, and hyperpigmentation rebound. (myskinshop.com)
  • To ease up under-eye hyperpigmentation, a dermatologist could recommend a skin-easing up cream with azelaic acid, kojic acid, glycolic acid, or hydroquinone. (biwell.site)
  • Darker skin colors may need pre-treatment with hydroquinone to prevent hyperpigmentation. (magnoliaderm.org)
Cream19
  • Hydroquinone is a chemical found in many cream treatments for pigmentation problems. (ag3derm.com)
  • If you choose to apply an over-the-counter bleaching cream containing hydroquinone to your pigmentation problem areas, ensure you use it only as directed. (ag3derm.com)
  • Despite concerns for the safety of hydroquinone in the use of pigmentation disorders, recent clinical studies have found that using a hydroquinone based cream alongside a broad spectrum SPF sunblock daily can be a very effective, non-irritating method for effectively treating pigmentation disorders. (ag3derm.com)
  • Rules pertaining to skin bleaching cream are expected in May 2009 and will address the safety of hydroquinone in skin bleaching products. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
  • Vitaquin Cream is a face cream that contains hydroquinone. (latestock.com)
  • Read the package leaflet carefully before starting treatment with hydroquinone cream. (marsoclinic.com)
  • In the first 24 hours of using hydroquinone cream, pay close attention to its side effects and if you experience itching and redness, do not use the cream. (marsoclinic.com)
  • Using hydroquinone cream may increase skin sensitivity, use a suitable sunscreen with this cream. (marsoclinic.com)
  • Try to use hydroquinone cream regularly to get the best results from using it. (marsoclinic.com)
  • Note the expiration date of Hydroquinone Cream and do not take it if your medicine has expired. (marsoclinic.com)
  • Never give hydroquinone cream to another person, even if you have the same symptoms. (marsoclinic.com)
  • Check for drug interactions with hydroquinone cream, and if you are taking a drug that interacts with this drug, talk to your doctor about using your medications. (marsoclinic.com)
  • Consult your doctor if you have any other symptoms that you feel are due to the use of hydroquinone cream. (marsoclinic.com)
  • Hydroquinone is a 4% cream available in 30g tubes. (canadianprescriptiondrugstore.com)
  • Then apply hydroquinone cream on top. (ibuildacademy.com)
  • Nandrolone hydroquinone cream, nandrolone hydroquinone cream Retinol serum nadinola cream, price buy steroids online gain muscle. (ibuildacademy.com)
  • It's popular in Scandinavian and Asian traditional medicine for its restorative properties, nandrolone hydroquinone cream. (ibuildacademy.com)
  • This condition was also reported after treatment with a hydroquinone containing bleaching cream [7]. (who.int)
  • Although different creams rate differently on effectiveness, a hydroquinone-based cream has proven the most effective in tattoo removal. (suehawthorne.com)
Limited the concentration of hydroquinone1
  • Since 1983, South Africa has limited the concentration of hydroquinone in skin-lightening products to 2 percent to combat ochronosis. (fairandflawlessskin.com)
Benzoyl peroxide3
  • Using hydroquinone topical together with benzoyl peroxide, hydrogen peroxide, or other peroxide products may stain your skin. (emedicinehealth.com)
  • 2 oil-based + water-based skincare · #3 benzoyl peroxide + hydroquinone · #4 salicylic acid + glycolic acid · #5 sunscreen. (ibuildacademy.com)
  • Some of the most common (yet drying) products include benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, retinol, and hydroquinone, which can irritate darker, sensitive skin types when used in excess. (lionpose.com)
Safety of hydroquinone1
  • However, the uncertainty as to the safety of hydroquinone has prompted an exploration of the use of other ingredients in skin lightening creams. (ag3derm.com)
Effective than hydroquinone1
  • These soaps are less effective than hydroquinone soap but are gentler on the skin. (usadrugguide.com)
Lighten2
  • Hydroquinone is used to lighten dark areas of the skin. (rxwiki.com)
  • hydroquinone is a skin bleaching agent that is supposed to lighten up these spots. (thehustlinhomemaker.com)
Alternatives9
  • CHATTANOOGA, TN Via Palermo, Sicily,(rushprnews)May 30, 2007… MODUS’ sales continue to climb as this unique, multi-step regimen being embraced by U.S. physicians seeking alternatives to hydroquinone (HQ) for their patients requesting anti-aging skincare and skin health. (rushprnews.com)
  • in the benefit of medical grade skin care regimens but was forced to find alternatives to hydroquinone due to its ban in the EU. (rushprnews.com)
  • Cosmeceutical alternatives to hydroquinone, which is now restricted in the United States from inclusion in over-the-counter (OTC) products, are proliferating, along with new strategies to improve their efficacy, according to a report at the Skin of Color Update 2021. (medscape.com)
  • Ten or 15 years ago, I was showing a slide with five [alternatives to hydroquinone]. (medscape.com)
  • The growth in alternatives to hydroquinone is timely. (medscape.com)
  • Hydroquinone is still available in prescription products, but she is often asked for OTC alternatives, and she says the list is long and getting longer. (medscape.com)
  • What are the skin lightening alternatives to hydroquinone? (labmuffin.com)
  • Safe alternatives to Hydroquinone. (visionsofvogue.com)
  • We opt for safe and healthy alternatives that are four times more effective than outdated Hydroquinone. (amairaskincare.com)
Doctor or pharmacist1
Glycolic3
  • sephora.com) , which contains 2 percent hydroquinone as well as glycolic acid. (realsimple.com)
  • Commonly these will incorporate glycolic acid, retinoic acid or hydroquinone. (biwell.site)
  • This contains 7% AHA, glycolic acid, and most importantly Hydroquinone. (thehustlinhomemaker.com)
Monomethyl Ether1
  • It's also known as methoxyphenol, hydroquinone monomethyl ether, and p-hydroxyanisole. (labmuffin.com)
Contain hydroquinone2
  • Fair & Flawless products DO NOT contain hydroquinone, mercury or any other dangerous or banned ingredients. (fairandflawlessskin.com)
  • An estimated 65 companies in the United States sell roughly 130 different skin-bleaching creams and other products that contain hydroquinone, the FDA said. (fairandflawlessskin.com)
Contains hydroquinone2
  • Forget about using a brightening serum that contains hydroquinone. (ibuildacademy.com)
  • This is a small yet effective brightening serum that contains Hydroquinone, one of the best lightening skincare ingredients in the industry. (dailyvanity.com)
Ingredients2
  • Prior history of sensitivity or allergic reaction to hydroquinone or to any of the ingredients of the product. (nih.gov)
  • Besides Vitamin C, other ingredients that are often seen as great ingredients in dark spot correctors include Azelaic Acid, Retinol, and Hydroquinone, and they are ideal for medium to dark skin tones. (dailyvanity.com)
Retinoic acid1
  • Hydroquinone, Retinoic acid and Mercury compounds are restricted for their use in acne-melasmacosmetics, according to Ministry of Public Health Regulation announcement, B.E. 2551. (who.int)
Recommend hydroquinone2
  • However, some physicians do not recommend hydroquinone products to their patients. (ag3derm.com)
  • How likely would you be to recommend Hydroquinone to a friend? (rxwiki.com)
Lustra1
  • Bleaching creams with a higher percentage of hydroquinone such as Glyquin, Lustra and Melanex are available in the USA with a prescription. (ag3derm.com)
Exogenous ochronosis2
  • Hydroquinone may produce exogenous ochronosis, a gradual blue-black darkening of the skin. (nih.gov)
  • Potential side effects of the use of hydroquinone include exogenous ochronosis, in which blue-black pigmentation occurs to the skin. (ag3derm.com)
Sunscreen3
  • Sunscreen use is an essential aspect of hydroquinone therapy because even minimal sunlight sustains melanocytic activity. (nih.gov)
  • Some hydroquinone products may contain sunscreen. (emedicinehealth.com)
  • I recommend applying hydroquinone at night, and wearing sunscreen in the morning is a must. (realsimple.com)
Ingredient4
  • Proposing to include hydroquinone as a prohibited or restricted ingredient on Health Canada's Cosmetic Ingredient Hotlist . (canada.ca)
  • Ingredient of the Week: What is Hydroquinone and Does it Cause Cancer? (visionsofvogue.com)
  • For this week's Ingredient of the Week post I'm talking about hydroquinone. (visionsofvogue.com)
  • This pioneering ingredient is a safe alternative to harsh skin-brightening chemicals and is clinically proven to have a skin lightening effect four times stronger than outdated Hydroquinone. (amairaskincare.com)
Melanin5
  • Hydroquinone works by decreasing the production of melanin pigment in the skin cells. (ag3derm.com)
  • Hydroquinone whitens facial skin by inhibiting the enzyme responsible for the conversion of tyrosine to dihydroxyphenylalanine so that melanin production is reduced and the skin tissue formed is brighter. (latestock.com)
  • It's not entirely clear how mequinol works, but it seems that it's similar to hydroquinone in that it mimics tyrosine and decreases tyrosinase's ability to make melanin pigment. (labmuffin.com)
  • Hydroquinone is a chemical that works to decrease pigment and degrade melanin in the skin. (visionsofvogue.com)
  • Like hydroquinone, arbutin disrupts the reactions that result in the formation of melanin. (politikomreal.com)
Ether1
  • Oral PUVA is usually reserved for patients with vitiligo affecting more than 20% of their skin surface area, laser therapy is used when less than 30% of the skin is involved, and monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone is used to treat selected patients with extensive vitiligo affecting more than 50% of their skin, as it will depigment normal, unaffected skin. (medscape.com)
Ochronosis2
  • Hydroquinone is recognized as a potential carcinogen and cause of ochronosis, and has subsequently been banned in several European countries. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
  • Hydroquinone is also linked to ochronosis which results in thickened skin that turns a blue-grey color. (visionsofvogue.com)
Niacinamide2
  • Like niacinamide, topical vitamin C has also been compared with hydroquinone in a double-blind, randomized trial . (medscape.com)
  • Although the niacinamide trial and this study were performed 10 or more years ago, these data have new relevance with the ban of OTC hydroquinone. (medscape.com)
Arbutin1
  • Whereas not a vitamin, arbutin is a naturally occurring hydroquinone present in crops. (politikomreal.com)
Irritation2
  • Exposure to hydroquinone may cause irritation to the eyes and central nervous system. (cdc.gov)
  • However, hydroquinone soap can also be dangerous if not used correctly, as it can cause adverse side effects such as skin irritation, browning of the skin, and even cancer. (usadrugguide.com)
Oxidation3
  • Topical application of hydroquinone produces a reversible depigmentation of the skin by inhibition of the enzymatic oxidation of tyrosine to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa) (Denton, C. et al. (nih.gov)
  • Hydroquinone lightens hyperpigmented skin by inhibiting enzymatic oxidation of tyrosine and suppressing other melanocyte metabolic processes, thereby further inhibiting melanogenesis. (medscape.com)
  • Two meso-substituted chlorin-quinones, linked via the chlorin-positions 5 and 10, and a bacteriochlorin-quinone were obtained by reduction of a porphyrin- hydroquinone with diimine, followed by selective oxidation of the hydroquinone moiety with p--benzoquinone. (fu-berlin.de)
South Africa1
  • The use of hydroquinone is banned in some countries, including South Africa, Japan and the member states of the European Union. (ag3derm.com)
Dark spots2
  • Hydroquinone is an agent that works by physically lightening dark spots on the skin. (realsimple.com)
  • If a product claims to brighten, whiten, remove dark spots, or even your skin, it's best to check the label for hydroquinone. (visionsofvogue.com)
Topical is usually applied1
Exposure8
  • Workers may be harmed from exposure to hydroquinone. (cdc.gov)
  • The following resources provide information about occupational exposure to hydroquinone. (cdc.gov)
  • Criteria for a Recommended Standard: Occupational Exposure to Hydroquinone pdf icon -DHHS (NIOSH) No. 78-155. (cdc.gov)
  • Presents a standard to prevent the adverse effects of exposure to hydroquinone over a working lifetime. (cdc.gov)
  • Evaluates the risks to human health and the environment posed by exposure to hydroquinone, a chemical found, in natural form, in a number of plants and animals. (who.int)
  • Tumors, leukemia, and kidney cancer all occur with heightened exposure to hydroquinone. (visionsofvogue.com)
  • Studies have shown that people with increased exposure to hydroquinone have lower lung capacity and experience coughing. (visionsofvogue.com)
  • occupational exposure to hydroquinone. (cdc.gov)
Dose1
  • Before you start using hydroquinone topical, use a "test dose" to see if you have an allergic reaction to this medicine. (emedicinehealth.com)
Skincare1
  • Hydroquinone does not have the same tendency so it is more widely used in skincare products. (visionsofvogue.com)
Hydrocortisone1
  • Firm and fade creams, hydrocortisone capsules, and hydroquinone creams. (ibuildacademy.com)
Overdose1
Mercury1
  • The products reportedly contain mercury and hydroquinone compounds, which according to the Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS), can only be used with a physician's oversight. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
Kojic1
  • While many different types of whitening soaps are available on the market, some of the most effective include those using hydroquinone or kojic acid. (usadrugguide.com)
Pregnancy1
  • The safety of topical hydroquinone use during pregnancy or for children (12 years and under) has not been established. (nih.gov)
Sensitivity1
  • Hydroquinone can cause skin sensitivity and can thin the skin. (ag3derm.com)
Chemicals3
  • The Final Screening Assessment for Hydroquinone was published on July 5, 2008 as part of Batch 1 of the Challenge initiative of the Chemicals Management Plan (CMP). (canada.ca)
  • Hydroquinone is used in the production of other chemicals. (canada.ca)
  • The most common chemicals in these creams are TCA or trifluoroacetic acid and hydroquinone. (suehawthorne.com)
Products7
  • Hydroquinone (also known as 1,4-Benzenediol) is a chemical used by industry in the manufacture of certain products. (canada.ca)
  • Hydroquinone is used in certain cosmetic products, such as manicure preparations and hair dyes. (canada.ca)
  • Hydroquinone is also used in some health products, such as skin lightening preparations. (canada.ca)
  • Proposing to regulate hydroquinone-containing health products as a prescription drug, rather than allowing products containing it to be sold over the counter (such as skin lightening products). (canada.ca)
  • Companies are now investing in research and development of new products that even pigmentation without the use of hydroquinone. (ag3derm.com)
  • Three of the four products (01, 07 & 08) with label value of hydroquinone failed the USP specification for percentage purity of hydroquinone. (thepharmajournal.com)
  • After threats to do so for more than a decade, the Food and Drug Administration finally banned hydroquinone from OTC products in 2020. (medscape.com)
Compounds1
  • Hydroquinone is one of the most common ant-melanocyte compounds found in prescription-strength skin lightening treatments. (bellaallnatural.com)
Skin bleac2
  • Hydroquinone is a skin bleaching agent which may produce unwanted cosmetic effects if not used as directed. (nih.gov)
  • Hydroquinone is a skin bleaching agent. (uofmhealth.org)
RTECS:MX3500000 - Hydroquinone - The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances | CDC/NIOSH
RTECS:MX3500000 - Hydroquinone - The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances | CDC/NIOSH (cdc.gov)
Hydroquinone | NIOSH | CDC
Hydroquinone | NIOSH | CDC (cdc.gov)
Hydroquinone Photo Grade,Hydroquinone Cosmetic Grade-TNJ Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.
Hydroquinone Photo Grade,Hydroquinone Cosmetic Grade-TNJ Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd. (tnjchem.com)
Hydroquinone Photo Grade,Hydroquinone Cosmetic Grade-TNJ Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.
Hydroquinone Photo Grade,Hydroquinone Cosmetic Grade-TNJ Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd. (tnjchem.com)
Hydroquinone Photo Grade,Hydroquinone Cosmetic Grade-TNJ Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.
Hydroquinone Photo Grade,Hydroquinone Cosmetic Grade-TNJ Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd. (tnjchem.com)
Hydroquinone Photo Grade,Hydroquinone Cosmetic Grade-TNJ Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.
Hydroquinone Photo Grade,Hydroquinone Cosmetic Grade-TNJ Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd. (tnjchem.com)
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How to Get Rid of Hyperpigmentation and Dark Spots, According to Experts
How to Get Rid of Hyperpigmentation and Dark Spots, According to Experts (realsimple.com)
Frontiers | Hydroquinone; A Novel Bioactive Compound from Plant-Derived Smoke Can Cue Seed Germination of Lettuce
Frontiers | Hydroquinone; A Novel Bioactive Compound from Plant-Derived Smoke Can Cue Seed Germination of Lettuce (frontiersin.org)
EWG Skin Deep® | Tygaz Lumina Luxe Anti-Aging Cream & Facial Moisturizer Rating
EWG Skin Deep® | Tygaz Lumina Luxe Anti-Aging Cream & Facial Moisturizer Rating (ewg.org)
Hydroquinone Photo Grade,Hydroquinone Cosmetic Grade-TNJ Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.
Hydroquinone Photo Grade,Hydroquinone Cosmetic Grade-TNJ Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd. (tnjchem.com)
Melasma: Causes, symptoms, pictures & treatment
Melasma: Causes, symptoms, pictures & treatment (medicalnewstoday.com)
Alphabetical Method Listing - H - NMAM 4th Edition | NIOSH | CDC
Alphabetical Method Listing - H - NMAM 4th Edition | NIOSH | CDC (cdc.gov)
Photographic fixative poisoning: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Photographic fixative poisoning: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia (medlineplus.gov)
Browsing by Subject Hydroquinones
Browsing by Subject "Hydroquinones" (extranet.who.int)
Hydroquinone Photo Grade,Hydroquinone Cosmetic Grade-TNJ Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.
Hydroquinone Photo Grade,Hydroquinone Cosmetic Grade-TNJ Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd. (tnjchem.com)
Hydroquinone Photo Grade,Hydroquinone Cosmetic Grade-TNJ Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.
Hydroquinone Photo Grade,Hydroquinone Cosmetic Grade-TNJ Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd. (tnjchem.com)
DailyMed - HYDROQUINONE cream
DailyMed - HYDROQUINONE cream (dailymed.nlm.nih.gov)
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العربية
العربية (extranet.who.int)
العربية
العربية (extranet.who.int)
Dark inner thighs: Treatments and home remedies
Dark inner thighs: Treatments and home remedies (medicalnewstoday.com)
Melasma Medication: Depigmenting agents, Antibiotic agents, Retinoids, Antifibrinolytic Agents
Melasma Medication: Depigmenting agents, Antibiotic agents, Retinoids, Antifibrinolytic Agents (medscape.com)
(emedicine.medscape.com)
Berloque Dermatitis Medication: Depigmenting agents
Berloque Dermatitis Medication: Depigmenting agents (medscape.com)
Berloque Dermatitis Medication: Depigmenting agents
Berloque Dermatitis Medication: Depigmenting agents (medscape.com)
Lentigo Medication: Retinoids, Bleaching creams
Lentigo Medication: Retinoids, Bleaching creams (medscape.com)
(emedicine.medscape.com)