Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Acid-Base Equilibrium
Carbon Dioxide
Bicarbonates
Hydrogen
The first chemical element in the periodic table. It has the atomic symbol H, atomic number 1, and atomic weight [1.00784; 1.00811]. It exists, under normal conditions, as a colorless, odorless, tasteless, diatomic gas. Hydrogen ions are PROTONS. Besides the common H1 isotope, hydrogen exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM and the unstable, radioactive isotope TRITIUM.
Hydrogen Bonding
Hydrogen Peroxide
Potassium
An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
Sodium
Hydrogen Sulfide
Protons
Calcium
A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.
Buffers
Acidosis
Ions
Ion Channels
Hydrochloric Acid
Osmolar Concentration
Gastric Juice
Magnesium
Membrane Potentials
The voltage differences across a membrane. For cellular membranes they are computed by subtracting the voltage measured outside the membrane from the voltage measured inside the membrane. They result from differences of inside versus outside concentration of potassium, sodium, chloride, and other ions across cells' or ORGANELLES membranes. For excitable cells, the resting membrane potentials range between -30 and -100 millivolts. Physical, chemical, or electrical stimuli can make a membrane potential more negative (hyperpolarization), or less negative (depolarization).
Acetazolamide
One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)
Acidosis, Renal Tubular
A group of genetic disorders of the KIDNEY TUBULES characterized by the accumulation of metabolically produced acids with elevated plasma chloride, hyperchloremic metabolic ACIDOSIS. Defective renal acidification of URINE (proximal tubules) or low renal acid excretion (distal tubules) can lead to complications such as HYPOKALEMIA, hypercalcinuria with NEPHROLITHIASIS and NEPHROCALCINOSIS, and RICKETS.
Alkalosis, Respiratory
Ion Transport
Partial Pressure
Ammonium Chloride
Biological Transport, Active
Cell Membrane Permeability
Secretory Rate
The amount of a substance secreted by cells or by a specific organ or organism over a given period of time; usually applies to those substances which are formed by glandular tissues and are released by them into biological fluids, e.g., secretory rate of corticosteroids by the adrenal cortex, secretory rate of gastric acid by the gastric mucosa.
Extracellular Space
Water
Helix (Snails)
Potassium Chloride
Sodium Bicarbonate
Temperature
Electrophysiology
Metals
Models, Biological
Cations, Monovalent
Oxygen
Models, Chemical
Ion Channel Gating
The opening and closing of ion channels due to a stimulus. The stimulus can be a change in membrane potential (voltage-gated), drugs or chemical transmitters (ligand-gated), or a mechanical deformation. Gating is thought to involve conformational changes of the ion channel which alters selective permeability.
Models, Molecular
Cations
Acids
Chemical compounds which yield hydrogen ions or protons when dissolved in water, whose hydrogen can be replaced by metals or basic radicals, or which react with bases to form salts and water (neutralization). An extension of the term includes substances dissolved in media other than water. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Hypercapnia
Ion-Selective Electrodes
Dogs
Sodium-Hydrogen Antiporter
Amiloride
A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705)
Cobalt
Cations, Divalent
Aequorin
Gastric Mucosa
Lining of the STOMACH, consisting of an inner EPITHELIUM, a middle LAMINA PROPRIA, and an outer MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE. The surface cells produce MUCUS that protects the stomach from attack by digestive acid and enzymes. When the epithelium invaginates into the LAMINA PROPRIA at various region of the stomach (CARDIA; GASTRIC FUNDUS; and PYLORUS), different tubular gastric glands are formed. These glands consist of cells that secrete mucus, enzymes, HYDROCHLORIC ACID, or hormones.
Pentagastrin
Biological Transport
Ionophores
Chemical agents that increase the permeability of biological or artificial lipid membranes to specific ions. Most ionophores are relatively small organic molecules that act as mobile carriers within membranes or coalesce to form ion permeable channels across membranes. Many are antibiotics, and many act as uncoupling agents by short-circuiting the proton gradient across mitochondrial membranes.
Binding Sites
Solutions
Thermodynamics
A rigorously mathematical analysis of energy relationships (heat, work, temperature, and equilibrium). It describes systems whose states are determined by thermal parameters, such as temperature, in addition to mechanical and electromagnetic parameters. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed)
Manganese
A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035)
Endolymph
Mathematics
Lasalocid
Zinc
A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with ANEMIA, short stature, HYPOGONADISM, impaired WOUND HEALING, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn.
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
Electrochemistry
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Protein Conformation
The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).
Gramicidin
Hydrogen Cyanide
Depression, Chemical
The decrease in a measurable parameter of a PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS, including cellular, microbial, and plant; immunological, cardiovascular, respiratory, reproductive, urinary, digestive, neural, musculoskeletal, ocular, and skin physiological processes; or METABOLIC PROCESS, including enzymatic and other pharmacological processes, by a drug or other chemical.
Chromium
Oxidation-Reduction
A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).
Strontium
Neurons
Enzymes
Absorption
Osmosis
Cats
The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801)
Calcium Chloride
Potassium Isotopes
Rats, Inbred Strains
Air Ionization
Chelating Agents
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Heavy Ions
Copper
Urinary Bladder
Nucleic Acid Conformation
Anura
Nickel
Fluorescent Dyes
Permeability
Ouabain
Fura-2
Protein Binding
Electrolytes
Salinity
Physicochemical Phenomena
Amino Acid Sequence
Adenosine Triphosphate
Escherichia coli
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.
Chemistry, Physical
Carbonates
Salts
Cattle
The chemical ecology of Biomphalaria glabrata: the effects of ammonia on the growth rate of juvenile snails. (1/46035)
When juvenile specimens of Biomphalaria glabrata were subjected to concentrations of ammonia ranging from 1-100 mug/ml in various media the following effects were observed: the addition of ammonia to borate buffered media caused mortality. Both borate and tris-buffered media caused a decrease in the growth rate of snails when compared with controls in SSW. The growth rates of the snails could be enhanced by increasing the concentration of ammonia to critical thresholds, but further increases beyond these thresholds resulted in growth inhibition. The toxicity of ammonia in ambient water was augmented by an an increase in pH. The possible causation and ecological significance of these effects are discussed. There are indications that the snails are physiologically well-adapted to utilize ammonia when required and also to control its excretion and uptake from the medium. (+info)Does gill boundary layer carbonic anhydrase contribute to carbon dioxide excretion: a comparison between dogfish (Squalus acanthias) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). (2/46035)
In vivo experiments were conducted on spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in sea water to determine the potential role of externally oriented or gill boundary layer carbonic anhydrase in carbon dioxide excretion. This was accomplished by assessing pH changes in expired water using a stopped-flow apparatus. In dogfish, expired water was in acid-base disequilibrium as indicated by a pronounced acidification (delta pH=-0.11+/-0.01; N=22; mean +/- s.e.m.) during the period of stopped flow; inspired water, however, was in acid-base equilibrium (delta pH=-0.002+/-0.01; N=22). The acid-base disequilibrium in expired water was abolished (delta pH=-0.005+/-0.01; N=6) by the addition of bovine carbonic anhydrase (5 mg l-1) to the external medium. Addition of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide (1 mmol l-1) to the water significantly reduced the magnitude of the pH disequilibrium (from -0.133+/-0.03 to -0.063+/-0.02; N=4). However, after correcting for the increased buffering capacity of the water caused by acetazolamide, the acid-base disequilibrium during stopped flow was unaffected by this treatment (control delta [H+]=99.8+/-22.8 micromol l-1; acetazolamide delta [H+]=81.3+/-21.5 micromol l-1). In rainbow trout, expired water displayed an acid-base disequilibrium (delta pH=0.09+/-0.01; N=6) that also was abolished by the application of external carbonic anhydrase (delta pH=0.02+/-0.01). The origin of the expired water acid-base disequilibrium was investigated further in dogfish. Intravascular injection of acetazolamide (40 mg kg-1) to inhibit internal carbonic anhydrase activity non-specifically and thus CO2 excretion significantly diminished the extent of the expired water disequilibrium pH after 30 min (from -0.123+/-0.01 to -0.065+/-0.01; N=6). Selective inhibition of extracellular carbonic anhydrase activity using a low intravascular dose (1.3 mg kg-1) of the inhibitor benzolamide caused a significant reduction in the acid-base disequilibrium after 5 min (from -0.11+/-0.01 to -0.07+/-0. 01; N=14). These results demonstrate that the expired water acid-base disequilibrium originates, at least in part, from excretory CO2 and that extracellular carbonic anhydrase in dogfish may have a significant role in carbon dioxide excretion. However, externally oriented carbonic anhydrase (if present in dogfish) plays no role in catalysing the hydration of the excretory CO2 in water flowing over the gills and thus is unlikely to facilitate CO2 excretion. (+info)Inward rectification in KATP channels: a pH switch in the pore. (3/46035)
Inward-rectifier potassium channels (Kir channels) stabilize the resting membrane potential and set a threshold for excitation in many types of cell. This function arises from voltage-dependent rectification of these channels due to blockage by intracellular polyamines. In all Kir channels studied to date, the voltage-dependence of rectification is either strong or weak. Here we show that in cardiac as well as in cloned KATP channels (Kir6.2 + sulfonylurea receptor) polyamine-mediated rectification is not fixed but changes with intracellular pH in the physiological range: inward-rectification is prominent at basic pH, while at acidic pH rectification is very weak. The pH-dependence of polyamine block is specific for KATP as shown in experiments with other Kir channels. Systematic mutagenesis revealed a titratable C-terminal histidine residue (H216) in Kir6.2 to be the structural determinant, and electrostatic interaction between this residue and polyamines was shown to be the molecular mechanism underlying pH-dependent rectification. This pH-dependent block of KATP channels may represent a novel and direct link between excitation and intracellular pH. (+info)The disulfide-bonded loop of chromogranin B mediates membrane binding and directs sorting from the trans-Golgi network to secretory granules. (4/46035)
The disulfide-bonded loop of chromogranin B (CgB), a regulated secretory protein with widespread distribution in neuroendocrine cells, is known to be essential for the sorting of CgB from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to immature secretory granules. Here we show that this loop, when fused to the constitutively secreted protein alpha1-antitrypsin (AT), is sufficient to direct the fusion protein to secretory granules. Importantly, the sorting efficiency of the AT reporter protein bearing two loops (E2/3-AT-E2/3) is much higher compared with that of AT with a single disulfide-bonded loop. In contrast to endogenous CgB, E2/3-AT-E2/3 does not undergo Ca2+/pH-dependent aggregation in the TGN. Furthermore, the disulfide-bonded loop of CgB mediates membrane binding in the TGN and does so with 5-fold higher efficiency if two loops are present on the reporter protein. The latter finding supports the concept that under physiological conditions, aggregates of CgB are the sorted units of cargo which have multiple loops on their surface leading to high membrane binding and sorting efficiency of CgB in the TGN. (+info)Calorimetric studies on the stability of the ribosome-inactivating protein abrin II: effects of pH and ligand binding. (5/46035)
The effects of pH and ligand binding on the stability of abrin II, a heterodimeric ribosome-inactivating protein, and its subunits have been studied using high-sensitivity differential scanning calorimetry. At pH7.2, the calorimetric scan consists of two transitions, which correspond to the B-subunit [transition temperature (Tm) 319.2K] and the A-subunit (Tm 324.6K) of abrin II, as also confirmed by studies on the isolated A-subunit. The calorimetric enthalpy of the isolated A-subunit of abrin II is similar to that of the higher-temperature transition. However, its Tm is 2.4K lower than that of the higher-temperature peak of intact abrin II. This indicates that there is some interaction between the two subunits. Abrin II displays increased stability as the pH is decreased to 4.5. Lactose increases the Tm values as well as the enthalpies of both transitions. This effect is more pronounced at pH7.2 than at pH4.5. This suggests that ligand binding stabilizes the native conformation of abrin II. Analysis of the B-subunit transition temperature as a function of lactose concentration suggests that two lactose molecules bind to one molecule of abrin II at pH7.2. The presence of two binding sites for lactose on the abrin II molecule is also indicated by isothermal titration calorimetry. Plotting DeltaHm (the molar transition enthalpy at Tm) against Tm yielded values for DeltaCp (change in excess heat capacity) of 27+/-2 kJ.mol-1.K-1 for the B-subunit and 20+/-1 kJ.mol-1.K-1 for the A-subunit. These values have been used to calculate the thermal stability of abrin II and to surmise the mechanism of its transmembrane translocation. (+info)A new alkali-resistant hemoglobin alpha2J Oxford gammaF2 in a Sicilian baby girl with homozygous beta0 thalassemia. (6/46035)
A 10-mo-old baby girl with homozygous beta0 thalassemia and alphaJOxford, presenting the clinical picture of homozygous beta thalassemia is described. Hemoglobin electrophoresis showed three bands: the first two with the mobilities of hemoglobin Hb A2 (1%) and Hb F (69%), respectively, the third migrating a little faster than Hb A (30%). About 30% of her alpha chains were J Oxford which, bound to her gamma chains, produced a new alkali-resistant hemoglobin, alpha2 J Oxford gamma F2, which has not been described previously. Hemoglobin synthesis in vitro showed the absence of beta chain synthesis and an alpha/non-alpha ratio of 2. The patient's father was heterozygous for both the Hb J Oxford and beta0 thalassemia genes, the mother a carrier of beta0 thalassemia; four other relatives were carriers of Hb J Oxford, and one was a carrier of beta thalassemia. (+info)Phe161 and Arg166 variants of p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase. Implications for NADPH recognition and structural stability. (7/46035)
Phe161 and Arg166 of p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase from Pseudomonas fluorescens belong to a newly discovered sequence motif in flavoprotein hydroxylases with a putative dual function in FAD and NADPH binding [1]. To study their role in more detail, Phe161 and Arg166 were selectively changed by site-directed mutagenesis. F161A and F161G are catalytically competent enzymes having a rather poor affinity for NADPH. The catalytic properties of R166K are similar to those of the native enzyme. R166S and R166E show impaired NADPH binding and R166E has lost the ability to bind FAD. The crystal structure of substrate complexed F161A at 2.2 A is indistinguishable from the native enzyme, except for small changes at the site of mutation. The crystal structure of substrate complexed R166S at 2.0 A revealed that Arg166 is important for providing an intimate contact between the FAD binding domain and a long excursion of the substrate binding domain. It is proposed that this interaction is essential for structural stability and for the recognition of the pyrophosphate moiety of NADPH. (+info)Insulin-like growth factors I and II are unable to form and maintain their native disulfides under in vivo redox conditions. (8/46035)
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I does not quantitatively form its three native disulfide bonds in the presence of 10 mM reduced and 1 mM oxidized glutathione in vitro [Hober, S. et al. (1992) Biochemistry 31, 1749-1756]. In this paper, we show (i) that both IGF-I and IGF-II are unable to form and maintain their native disulfide bonds at redox conditions that are similar to the situation in the secretory vesicles in vivo and (ii) that the presence of protein disulfide isomerase does not overcome this problem. The results indicate that the previously described thermodynamic disulfide exchange folding problem of IGF-I in vitro is also present in vivo. Speculatively, we suggest that the thermodynamic disulfide exchange properties of IGF-I and II are biologically significant for inactivation of the unbound growth factors by disulfide exchange reactions to generate variants destined for rapid clearance. (+info)
Electrostatic energy calculation on the pH-induced conformational change of influenza virus hemagglutinin<...
Academic Journals
Effects of increasing extracellular pH on protein synthesis and protein degradation in the perfused working rat heart |...
Surprising new insights about the acid pH levels required for anthrax toxin
Protein folding and amyloid formation in various environments
Remarkable enhancement of bacterial inactivation in wastewater through promotion of solar photo-Fenton at near-neutral pH by...
Buffer solution - Wikipedia
Rapid acid treatment of Escherichia coli : transcriptomic response and recovery | BMC Microbiology | Full Text
A new technique for measurement of pharyngeal pH: Normal values and discriminating pH threshold<...
Cytoplasmic pH Response to Acid Stress in Individual Cells of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis Observed by Fluorescence...
Proteomic analysis reflects an environmental alkalinization-coupled pH-dependent mechanism of regulating lignocellulases in...
THE PERMEABILITY OF LIVING CELLS TO DYES AS AFFECTED BY HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION | Journal of General Physiology |...
Cancer Cells Thrive in an Acidic, Low oxygen, Low pH Environment - Here is How to Check Your pH Balance | Humans Are Free
Ionization Constants of Acids and Bases
Comparative evaluation of magnesium bisulfite pretreatment under different pH values for enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stover :...
A Brief Note on Hydrogen Ion Concentration and the Role of Buffers
Every Single Person Who Has Cancer Has a pH That Is Too Acidic. Here Is The Easiest Way To Check Your pH Balance - Mr. Space To...
Ethanol Oxidation on Pt Single-Crystal Electrodes: Surface-Structure Effects in Alkaline Medium - Busó-Rogero - 2014 -...
JCI -
Quorum sensing and biofilm formation in Streptococcal infections
The PH Effect
Osmolytes Contribute to pH Homeostasis of Escherichia coli by Joan Slonczewski, Ryan Kitko et al.
Na+/H+ antiport and buffering capacity in human polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leucocytes. - Oxford Neuroscience
Why is it important for me to know my saliva pH? | OraWellness
Alkaline haematin and nitrogenous ligands | Biochemical Journal
Blood and Urine Determination of Drugs: An Application to the Control of the
Presence of Illegal Substances in Drivers
Kinetic study of methanol oxidation on Pt2Ru3/C catalyst in the alkaline media
Media pH and EC Effects - Greenhouse Product News
Mechanistic studies of ruthenium(III)-catalyzed oxidation ofDL-methionine by hexacyanoferrate(III) in an alkaline medium
Polymers | Free Full-Text | pH-Triggered Sheddable Shielding System for Polycationic Gene Carriers
Developing Hybrid Approaches to Predict pKa Values of Ionizable Groups by Shawn Witham, Kemper Talley et al.
Random mutagenesis screening indicates the absence of a separate H+-sensor in the pH-sensitive Kir channels - Oxford...
Ph Treatment News on Environmental XPRT
Thermodynamic analysis of the chemotactic protein from Escherichia coli, CheY | Meta
Patent US6310199 - pH dependent ion exchange matrix and method of use in the isolation of ... - Google Patents
Urine PH Measurement Device PHS-2F for Sale, View digital urine ph meter, OEM Product Details from Guangzhou Allfine Medlab Co....
Why does pH affect enzyme activity? | Reference.com
Hydrodehalogenation of Halogenated Aryl Ketones under Multiphase Conditions. 6. pH Effect on the Chemoselectivity and...
I had cancer :: El Libertario
Phenomenex HPLC Application #16098: Non-Polar Acids at pH 2.5 using Onyx C18 3.0mm ID
Plant nitrogen uptake and assimilation: regulation of cellular pH homeostasis. | John Innes Centre
Biliverdin-copper complex at physiological pH<...
Chemical Analysis: An Advanced Text and Reference by Herbert August Laitinen, Walter E. Harris - GO JAPAN Books
Following the Dynamics of pH in Endosomes of Live Cells with SERS Nanosensors - DTU Orbit
Chemical mechanism of glycerol 3-phosphate phosphatase: pH-dependent changes in the rate-limiting step. - Dimensions
Supplementary MaterialsSupplementary data 1 mmc1 - overexpression of PPARD may regulate ten proteins or molecules
Temperature effects in pH measurement - METTLER TOLEDO
Effect of Intraluminal pH on the Absorption of Pteroylmonoglut...
Diabetes 60 Day Challenge ‹ Travel Water Alkaline and Antioxidant Water
At normal pH, penicillin remains in
Stabilization of human rhinovirus serotype 2 against pH-induced conformational change by antiviral compounds | Microbiology...
HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION IN EXUDATES OF PNEUMOCOCCUS INFECTION | JEM
中国科学院大连化学物理研究所机构知识库(DICP OpenIR): Comparative study of methanol adsorption and electro-oxidation on carbon-supported platinum...
Mechanistic investigations of oxidation of isatins by sodium N-chlorobenzenesulfonamide in alkaline medium: A kinetic study
JAIRO | Acid-Treated Nickel-Rich Platinum-Nickel Alloys for Oxygen Reduction and Methanol Oxidation Reactions in Alkaline Media
A near-neutral chloride electrolyte for electrically rechargeable zinc-air batteries | [email protected]
How Do I Test My Waters pH Level? - RainSoft
Direct measurement of intracellular pH changes in Xenopus eggs at fertilization and cleavage. | Journal of Cell Biology |...
SID - Hyperchloremic acidosis
Water | Free Full-Text | Environmental pH, O2 and Capsular Effects on the Geochemical Composition of Statoliths of Embryonic...
Conformational and molecular responses to pH variation of the purified membrane adenosine triphosphatase of Micrococcus...
Nonfermentative Thermoalkaliphilic Growth Is Restricted to Alkaline Environments | Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Methods for accelerating nitrate reduction using zerovalent iron at near-neutral pH: Effects of H2-reducing pretreatment and...
Alkali Resistance in a Strain of Bacillus cereus Pathoǵenic for the Larch Sawfly Pristiphora erichsonii | Microbiology Society
Proteins and Wave Functions: Computing apparent pKa values using QM energies of isodesmic reactions
Proteins and Wave Functions: Computing apparent pKa values using QM energies of isodesmic reactions
Blood and erythrocyte hydrogen ion concentrations in acid-base imbalance from respiratory disorders. - Semantic Scholar
The Secret Life of pH Electrodes » Modeling and Control
Temperature and pH effects on the kinetics of 2-aminophenol auto-oxidation in aqueous solution - Open Chemistry - Tom 1, Numer...
Ion trap pH electrode -...
Respiration gating and Bloch fitting improve pH measurements with acidoCEST MRI in an ovarian orthotopic tumor model<...
Enzyme Action: Testing Catalase Activity | Experiment #17B from Agricultural Science with Vernier
API Freshwater/Saltwater High Range pH Test Kit, Test kit of 250 tests - Marine Depot
How does the pH affect the activity of amylase - A-Level Science - Marked by Teachers.com
Pigments Present in Vegetables
Intracellular pH Regulation in Primary Rat Astrocytes and C6 Glioma Ce by Lamara D. Shrode and Robert W. Putnam
The Effect of GDL-induced pH Decrease on the Formation of Biogenic Amines in Meat | Journal of Food Protection
Search
Effects of Fluorinated and Hydrogenated Surfactants on Human Serum Albumin at Different pHs
Table 1 | N-Terminal Region of GbIspH1, Ginkgo biloba IspH Type 1, May Be Involved in the pH-Dependent Regulation of Enzyme...
Administration and <sup>1</sup>H MRS, detection of histidine in human brain: Application to in vivo pH...
E+h Ph Meter, E+h Ph Meter Suppliers and Manufacturers at Alibaba.com
Working Principle of pH Meter | pH Meter Principle
Inter Research » DAO » v39 » n2 » p135-141
Health and Science Portal: Cancer acidity and its potential as therapeutic target
Ph Meter, Ph Meter Suppliers and Manufacturers at Alibaba.com
Nanofiltration of mine water: Impact of feed pH and membrane charge on resource recovery and water discharge - Murdoch...
NOPR: Production and eco friendly application of alkaline protease from <em>Bacillus amyloliquifaciens ...
alkaline water pain | ionized alkaline water with molecular hydrogen & BEST WATER IONIZERS
FAQ Page | Climetal heat exchanger manufacturer
THE COLLOIDAL BEHAVIOR OF PROTEINS | JGP
In Silico Modeling of Nonspecific Binding to Human Liver Microsomes | Drug Metabolism & Disposition
Interactions of proteins with other polyelectrolytes in a two-phase system containing phenol and aqueous buffers at various pH...
Dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane - Registration Dossier - ECHA
2020 Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference
2020 Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference
AgResearch
DONNAN EQUILIBRIUM AND THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PROTEINS | JGP
Carsten Olsen
The influence of hydrogen ion concentration. Physiologia Plantarum, 6, 848-858. Olsen, C. (1954) Hvilke betingelser må være ... 2] Olsen, C. (1923) Studies on the hydrogen ion concentration of the soil and its significance to the vegetation, especially to ... Olsen, C. & Linderstrøm-Lang, K. (1927) On the accuracy of the various methods of measuring concentration of Hydrogen ions in ... Olsen, C. (1921) The concentration of hydrogen ions in the soil. Science 54 (1405), 539-541. [1] Olsen, C. (1921) The ecology ...
Respiratory alkalosis
This causes decreased circulating hydrogen ion concentration, and increased pH (alkalosis).[9][10] ... Circulating hydrogen ions and bicarbonate are shifted through the carbonic acid (H2CO3) intermediate to make more CO2 via the ... The Davenport diagram allows clinicians or investigators to outline blood bicarbonate concentrations (and blood pH) after a ...
Agnes J. Quirk
Quirk, A.J. & Fawcett, E. H. (1923). Hydrogen-ion concentration vs. titratable acidity in culture mediums. Quirk, A.J. & Smith ... Agnes J. Quirk (1923). Hydrogen-ion concentration vs. titratable acidity in culture mediums. Retrieved 30 March 2012. "Norwich ...
Intracellular pH
Brandis K. "2.6 Regulation of Intracellular Hydrogen Ion Concentration". Acid-Base Physiology. Anaesthesia Education Website. ... Since the microelectrode has fluid with a high H+ concentration inside, relative to the outside of the electrode, there is a ... Intracellular pH is typically lower than extracellular pH due to lower concentrations of HCO3−. A rise of extracellular (e.g., ... Based on the ratio between the concentrations of protonated, compared to deprotonated, forms of phosphate compounds in a given ...
Hydrofluoric acid
With increasing concentration of HF the concentration of the hydrogen difluoride ion also increases.[24] The reaction ... The acidity of hydrofluoric acid solutions varies with concentration owing to hydrogen-bond interactions of the fluoride ion. ... anions to form clusters.[20] At high concentrations, HF molecules undergo homoassociation to form polyatomic ions (such as ... have shown by infrared spectroscopy that the predominant solute species in dilute solution is the hydrogen-bonded ion pair H. 3 ...
Ranitidine
This results in decreased gastric acid secretion and gastric volume, and reduced hydrogen ion concentration. ... Ranitidine enters breast milk, with peak concentrations seen at 5.5 hours after the dose in breast milk. Caution should be ...
Jesse Francis McClendon
McClendon J. F. New hydrogen electrodes and rapid methods of determining hydrogen ion concentrations. Amer. J. Physiol., 1915, ... The hydrogen ion concentrations of the contents of the small intestine. J. of Biological Chemistry, Feb 19, 1918. XXXIV, No 1. ... McClendon J. F. A direct reading potenciometer for measuring hydrogen ion concentration. Amer. J. Physiol., 1915, 38, 2, 186. ... stomachs and duodenums of adults and infants plotted with the acid of imported methods of measuring hydrogen ion concentration ...
Maud Menten
Menten, M.L.; Crile, G.W. (1915). "Studies on the hydrogen-ion concentration in blood under various abnormal conditions". Am. J ... This relationship between reaction rate and enzyme-substrate concentration is known as the Michaelis-Menten equation. After ... but also that the rate of reaction rate increases to saturation as the substrate concentration increases. The constant K m {\ ... in terms of the substrate concentration a {\displaystyle a} and constants V {\displaystyle V} and K m {\displaystyle K_{\mathrm ...
Arthur W. Thomas
Thomas, A. W., & Kelly, M. W. (1923). The influence of hydrogen-ion concentration in the fixation of vegetable tannins by hide ... Thomas, A. W. (1920). Tabulation of hydrogen and hydroxyl ion concentrations of some acids and bases. Journal of the American ... Influence of hydrogen-ion concentration upon enzymatic activity of three typical amylases. Journal of the American Chemical ... Contrasting effects of chlorides and sulfates on the hydrogen-ion concentration of acid solutions. Journal of the American ...
S. P. L. Sørensen
The sudden change of the indicator during a typical titration means, as is known, that the concentration of hydrogen ions in ... "hydrogen ion exponent" and the notation p H {\displaystyle p_{\mathrm {H} }} ). By the hydrogen ion exponent ( p H {\ ... die colorimetrische Methode genannt." (There are still two procedures by which the hydrogen or hydroxyl ion concentration of a ... On the measurement and the importance of hydrogen ion concentration during enzymatic processes]. Biochemische Zeitschrift (in ...
Oxyhydrogen
Poel, L. W. (April 1949). "Germination and Development of Heather and the Hydrogen Ion Concentration of the Medium". Nature. ... However, it is well known that hydrogen ions form the basis of pH balance in any solution, which can explain why this form of ... "Hydrogen in air: 2,400 K, Hydrogen in Oxygen: 3,080 K" Tilden, William Augustus (1926). Chemical Discovery and Invention in the ... An oxyhydrogen torch (also known as hydrogen torch) is an oxy-gas torch that burns hydrogen (the fuel) with oxygen (the ...
Acidic oxide
For instance, carbon dioxide increases the hydrogen ion concentration of rain water (pH = 5.6) by a factor of 25 compared to ... they are Arrhenius acids because they increase the hydrogen ion concentration of water. ... oxide is the anhydride of the aqueous ferrous ion: [ Fe ( H 2 O ) 6 ] 2 + ⟶ FeO + 2 H + + 5 H 2 O {\displaystyle {\ce {[Fe(H2O) ...
Soil
More precisely, it is a measure of hydrogen ion concentration in an aqueous solution and ranges in values from 0 to 14 (acidic ... Hydrogen ions have a single charge and one-thousandth of a gram of hydrogen ions per 100 grams dry soil gives a measure of one ... Arnon, Daniel I.; Johnson, Clarence M. (1942). "Influence of hydrogen ion concentration on the growth of higher plants under ... since the two concentrations are equal, they are said to neutralise each other. A pH of 9.5 has 10−9.5 moles hydrogen ions per ...
Hydrology of Fishing Creek (North Branch Susquehanna River tributary)
The average concentration of hydrogen ions was 0.0001 milligrams per liter. The total concentration of nitrogen in the waters ... The concentration of hydrogen ions in the waters of Fishing Creek near Bloomsburg between 2002 and 2012 ranged from 0.00001 to ... The date of the lowest concentration of hydrogen ions at that location was on March 1 and July 16, 2003. The date of the ... highest concentration of hydrogen ions at the location on the creek was December 17, 2003. ...
Benjamin Karpman
The hydrogen ion concentrations of the contents of the small intestine. Journal of Biological Chemistry, Feb 19, 1918. XXXIV, ...
Hypocapnia
Chemoreceptors in the body sense a change in partial pressures and pH (hydrogen ion concentration) in the blood. Chemoreceptors ... leading to lowered plasma calcium ions and increased nerve and muscle excitability. This explains the other common symptoms of ...
Guar
... hydrogen ion concentration) of the solution. Crosslinking of guar with borate occurs at high pH (approximately 9-10) of the ... The crosslinking of guar with metal ions results in a gel that does not block the formation and helps efficiently in formation ... Guar and its derivatives make gel complexes with ions of Aluminium, Zirconium, Titanium, Chromium and Boron.[19] The borate- ... PHGG as sold commercially is completely soluble, acid and heat stable, unaffected by ions, and will not gel at high ...
pH - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Alkaline substances have, instead of hydrogen ions, a concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-). ... H+] indicates the concentration of H+ ions (also written [H3O+],[1] the equal concentration of hydronium ions), measured in ... The p stands for the German potenz, meaning power or concentration, and the H for the hydrogen ion (H+). ... The pH indicator is a chemical detector for hydronium ions (H3O+) or hydrogen ions (H+).[1] Normally, the indicator causes the ...
Jane Ingham
"The Absorption of Water by Plant Tissue in Relation to External Hydrogen-Ion Concentration" (PDF). The Journal of Experimental ...
Dennis Robert Hoagland
1924 The Electrical Charge on a Clay Colloid as Influenced by Hydrogen-Ion Concentration and by Different Salts. With W. C. ... 1917 The Effect of Hydrogen and Hydroxyl Ion Concentration on the Growth of Barley Seedlings. Soil Sci., 3(6) :547-560. 1918 ... Hydrogen-Ion Effects and the Accumulation of Salt by Barley Roots as Influenced by Metabolism. With T. C. Broyer. Am. J. Bot., ... Relation of the Concentration and Reaction of the Nutrient Medium to the Growth and Absorption of the Plant. J. Agr. Res., 18(2 ...
Equilibrium constant
In aqueous solution the concentration of the hydroxide ion is related to the concentration of the hydrogen ion by ... If the electrode is calibrated in terms of known hydrogen ion concentrations it would be better to write p[H] rather than pH, ... The concentration quotient K. c. {\displaystyle K^{c}}. has the dimension 1/concentration, but the thermodynamic equilibrium ... Replace each concentration term [. X. ]. {\displaystyle [X]}. by the dimensionless quotient [. X. ]. [. X. 0. ]. {\displaystyle ...
Acid-base homeostasis
pH is the negative logarithm (or cologarithm) of molar concentration of hydrogen ions in the ECF. It indicates the acidity in ... bicarbonate ions are excreted into the urine, and hydrogen ions into the plasma. These combine with the bicarbonate ions in the ... pH is the negative logarithm of molar concentration of hydrogen ions in the ECF, as before. ... 3 ions are simultaneously secreted into the blood plasma, thus raising the bicarbonate ion concentration in the plasma, ...
Determination of equilibrium constants
When the pH (or equivalent e.m.f., E).is measured, the free concentration of hydrogen ions, [H], is obtained from the measured ... Constant-boiling hydrochloric acid may also be used as a primary standard for hydrogen ion concentration. The most widely used ... A solution of known hydrogen ion concentration may be prepared by standardization of a strong acid against borax. ... With aqueous solutions the concentrations of proton (hydronium ion) and hydroxide ion are constrained by the self-dissociation ...
Radio Malt
Redman, Thirza (1929). "The hydrogen ion concentration and the calcium and phosphorus content of the faeces of rachitic ...
Alkalosis
... is the result of a process reducing hydrogen ion concentration of arterial blood plasma (alkalemia). In contrast to ... mechanisms for this would include increased dissociation of the carbonic acid buffering intermediate into hydrogen ions, and ... Metabolic alkalosis is usually accompanied by low blood potassium concentration, causing, e.g., muscular weakness, muscle pain ... It may also cause low blood calcium concentration. As the blood pH increases, blood transport proteins, such as albumin, become ...
Stability constants of complexes
In water the concentration of hydroxide is related to the concentration of hydrogen ions by the self-ionization constant, Kw. K ... The concentration, or activity, of the hydrogen ion is monitored by means of a glass electrode. The data set used for the ... Hence by following the hydrogen ion concentration during a titration of a mixture of M and HL with base, and knowing the acid ... Under conditions of equal copper concentrations and when then concentration of methylamine is twice the concentration of ...
Neutrophile
... s are adapted to live in an environment where the hydrogen ion concentration is at equilibrium. They are sensitive ... to the concentration, and when the pH become too basic or acidic, the cell's proteins can denature. Depending on the microbe ...
Osteoclast
Hydrogen ions are pumped against a high concentration gradient by proton pumps, specifically a unique vacuolar-ATPase. This ... The osteoclast releases hydrogen ions through the action of carbonic anhydrase (H2O + CO2 → HCO3− + H+) through the ruffled ... This appearance is due to a high concentration of vesicles and vacuoles. These vacuoles include lysosomes filled with acid ... With the isolation of the ruffled border, ion transport across it was studied directly in biochemical detail. Energy-dependent ...
Hammett acidity function
However beyond this pH range, the effective hydrogen-ion activity changes much more rapidly than the concentration. This is ... concentration of 1012 mol/L, as measured by its ability to protonate weak bases. Although the Hammett acidity function is the ... which would imply an impossibly high H3O+ concentration of 10+12 mol/L in ideal solution). Instead it means that the acid ... 15.1 Hydrogen fluoride: −15.1 Triflic acid (1940): −14.1 Perchloric acid: −13 Chlorosulfuric acid: -13.8; −12.78 Sulfuric acid ...
Ketone
... s are hydrogen-bond acceptors. Ketones are not usually hydrogen-bond donors and cannot hydrogen-bond to themselves. ... Ketonium ions (i.e., protonated ketones) are strong acids, with pKa values estimated to be somewhere between -5 and -7.[6][7] ... the formation of equilibrium concentrations of protonated ketones is nevertheless an important step in the mechanisms of many ... In aldehydes, the carbonyl is bonded to one carbon and one hydrogen and are located at the ends of carbon chains. Ketones are ...
Group 3 element
In this variant, the number of f electrons in the most common (trivalent) ions of the f-block elements consistently matches ... Yttrium can be found in edible plants in concentrations between 20 ppm and 100 ppm (fresh weight), with cabbage having the ... Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus ... Pyykkö, Pekka (2011). "A suggested periodic table up to Z ≤ 172, based on Dirac-Fock calculations on atoms and ions". Physical ...
Alkali metal
... the hydrogen ion is very small (radius around 150 fm compared to the 50-220 pm size of most other atoms and ions) and so is ... At low concentrations (below 3 M), the solution is dark blue and has ten times the conductivity of aqueous sodium chloride; at ... 4 ions.[66] The chemistry of alkali metal germanides, involving the germanide ion Ge4− and other cluster (Zintl) ions such as ... they generate hydroxide ions and hydrogen gas. This reaction is vigorous and highly exothermic and the hydrogen resulted may ...
Ultra-high-temperature ceramics
1998). "Microstructure and nanohardness of hafnium diboride after ion irradiations". Journal of Nuclear Materials. 256 (2-3): ... These coating materials exhibit uniform distribution of fine particles and porous microstructures, which increased hydrogen ... or the defect concentration can be increased. SiC can react with the surface oxide layer in order to provide diboride surfaces ...
GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulator
Upon binding, it triggers the GABAA receptor to open its chloride channel to allow chloride ions into the neuron, making the ... The four steroid rings form a rigid framework for positioning these hydrogen groups in three-dimensional space.[32] Analogues 5 ... The mice also had increased corticosterone concentration which is a symptom in major depression in humans. The y2 subunit is ... The earliest compounds were ions, such as bromide. Barbiturates[edit]. In 1903, the first psychoactive derivative of barbituric ...
അലൂമിനിയം ക്ലോറൈഡ് - വിക്കിപീഡിയ
soluble in hydrogen chloride, ethanol, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride slightly soluble in benzene ... ions. Wells, A. F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry, Oxford Press, Oxford, United Kingdom. ISBN 0198553706. ... Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): LD50 (median dose). anhydrous: 380 mg/kg, rat (oral) hexahydrate: 3311 mg/kg, rat (oral ...
Super-Kamiokande
The concentration of radon gases is miniaturized by realtime detectors. In June, 2001 typical radon concentrations in water ... The Sun and about 80% of the visible stars produce their energy by the conversion of hydrogen to helium via ... A cartridge polisher (CP) eliminates heavy ions which also reduce water transparency and include radioactive species. The CP ... Typical radon concentration in the dome air is measured to be 40 Bq m−3. Radon levels in the mine tunnel air, near the tank ...
Methanol fuel
... halide ions such as chloride ions, have a large effect on the corrosivity of alcohol fuels. Halide ions increase corrosion in ... At concentrations greater than 2,000 ppm (0.2%) it is generally quite noticeable, however lower concentrations may remain ... Ethanol, natural gas, hydrogen, and other existing fuels offer similar fire-safety challenges, and standard safety and ... Methanol occurs naturally in the human body and in some fruits, but is poisonous in high concentration. Ingestion of 10 ml can ...
Materials science
Their electrical conductivities are very sensitive to impurity concentrations, and this allows for the use of doping to achieve ... ions and molecules are arranged and bonded to each other. This involves the study and use of quantum chemistry or quantum ... storing hydrogen for fuel cell powered cars, filtration systems, longer-lasting and faster-charging batteries, sensors to ... ion implantation, crystal growth, thin-film deposition, sintering, glassblowing, etc.), and analytic methods (characterization ...
Mineral (nutrient)
Blood concentrations of minerals[edit]. Minerals are present in a healthy human being's blood at certain mass and molar ... Sigel, Astrid; Sigel, Helmut; Sigel, Roland K. O. (27 January 2014). Interrelations between Essential Metal Ions and Human ... including hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen) are suggested to be used by mammals, as inferred by biochemical and uptake ... Depending on the concentrations, some are in upper part of the picture, while others are in the lower part. The figure includes ...
Archaea
... to the oxidation of hydrogen sulfide or elemental sulfur by species of Sulfolobus, using either oxygen or metal ions as ... structures that are resistant to osmotic shock and allow the archaea to survive in water at low salt concentrations, but these ... In the Halobacteria, light-activated ion pumps like bacteriorhodopsin and halorhodopsin generate ion gradients by pumping ions ... This process releases hydrogen as a waste product, but high levels of hydrogen reduce energy production. When methanogens ...
Biofuel
The methanol economy is an alternative to the hydrogen economy, compared to today's hydrogen production from natural gas. ... Atmospheric alcohols and aldehydes concentrations measured in Osaka, Japan and in São Paulo, Brazil ... Research in lithium-ion batteries. *Silicon-air battery. *Thermal energy storage. *Ultracapacitor ... Syngas can be used to produce methanol, DME and hydrogen, or converted via the Fischer-Tropsch process to produce a diesel ...
කොලෙස්ටරෝල් - විකිපීඩියා, නිදහස් විශ්වකෝෂය
It also reduces the permeability of the plasma membrane to protons (positive hydrogen ions) and sodium ions.[6] ... higher concentrations of LDL and lower concentrations of functional HDL are strongly associated with cardiovascular disease ... Increased concentrations of HDL correlate with lower rates of atheroma progressions and even regression. A 2007 study pooling ... Conditions with elevated concentrations of oxidized LDL particles, especially "small dense LDL" (sdLDL) particles, are ...
Ionic liquid
... separated ions,[18] but was later proven that the vapors formed consisted of ion-pairs.[19] Some ionic liquids (such as 1-butyl ... Carbon monoxide is less soluble in ionic liquids than in many popular organic solvents, and hydrogen is only slightly soluble ( ... as sub-lethal concentrations change organisms' life histories in meaningful ways. Balancing VOC reductions against waterway ... ionic liquids are largely made of ions and short-lived ion pairs. These substances are variously called liquid electrolytes, ...
Flux (metallurgy)
Argon-hydrogen gas compositions with hydrogen concentration below the low flammable limit can be used, eliminating the safety ... Flux residues also tend to outgas in vacuum and space applications, and traces of water, ions and organic compounds may ... Atomic hydrogen is much more reactive than molecular hydrogen. In contact with surface oxides it forms hydroxides, water, or ... The addition of hydrogen to the plasma[which?] augments the removal efficiency by chemical mechanisms.[citation needed] ...
Artemis 1
Lunar Polar Hydrogen Mapper (LunaH-Map), a lunar orbiter designed at the Arizona State University,[35] will map hydrogen within ... Lunar Flashlight is a lunar orbiter that will seek exposed water ice, and map its concentration at the 1-2 km (0.62-1.24 mi) ... distance communications while in heliocentric orbit and show low-thrust trajectory control techniques by employing a hybrid ion ... the inside of the anthropomorphic phantoms at precise locations of sensitive tissues and high stem cell concentrations.[24][25] ...
Water cooling
The concentration of ionized hydrogen (as protonated water) in a cooling water system is expressed as pH.[16] Low pH values ... Water can accelerate corrosion of machinery being cooled as both an electrical conductor and solvent for metal ions and oxygen ... Concentrations of polyphosphates or phosphonates with zinc and chromates or similar compounds have been maintained in cooling ... Temperature increases initially favor a population shift from species requiring the high-oxygen concentration of cold water to ...
Silane
First, silicon is treated with hydrogen chloride at about 300 °C to produce trichlorosilane, HSiCl3, along with hydrogen gas, ... Unlike methane, silane is fairly toxic: the lethal concentration in air for rats (LC50) is 0.96% (9,600 ppm) over a 4-hour ... ion in the Mg2Si antifluorite structure can serve as a Brønsted-Lowry base capable of accepting four protons. It can be written ... They called the compound siliciuretted hydrogen.[8] For classroom demonstrations, silane can be produced by heating sand with ...
Acute inhalation injury
... hydrogen chloride, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and ammonia are among the most important irritant gases. Hydrogen ... In low concentrations, phosgene's odor resembles freshly cut hay or grass. Because of this, the gas may not be noticed and ... Type 2 pneumocytes are more resistant to damage, which is important as these cells produce surfactant, transport ions and ... Smoke, chlorine, phosgene, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and ammonia are common ...
Pepper spray
By regulation, OC products with a maximum OC concentration of 10% and weight range of oleoresin of capsicum and inert ... and use OC sprays with a maximum concentration of 5%. *CS is considered a weapon and is not permitted. *Police carry OC sprays ... and a maximum concentration of capsaicin and capsaicinoid substances not exceeding 2,5%; ... Hydrogen peroxide. *Icilin. *Isothiocyanate. *Ligustilide (celery, Angelica acutiloba). *Linalool (Sichuan pepper, thyme) ...
Chemical polarity
The hydrogen fluoride, HF, molecule is polar by virtue of polar covalent bonds - in the covalent bond electrons are displaced ... Concentration. and related quantities. *Molar concentration. *Mass concentration. *Number concentration. *Volume concentration ... One common form of polar interaction is the hydrogen bond, which is also known as the H-bond. For example, water forms H-bonds ... In a molecule of hydrogen fluoride (HF), the more electronegative atom (fluorine) is shown in yellow. Because the electrons ...
Superoxide dismutase
... even at the subnanomolar concentrations achieved by the high concentrations of SOD within cells, superoxide inactivates the ... The superoxide anion radical (O2−) spontaneously dismutes to O2 and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) quite rapidly (~105 M−1s−1 at pH 7 ... The ligands of the manganese ions are 3 histidine side-chains, an aspartate side-chain and a water molecule or hydroxy ligand, ... Thus, the half-life of superoxide, although very short at high concentrations (e.g., 0.05 seconds at 0.1mM) is actually quite ...
Chemistry
That is, substances with a higher Ka are more likely to donate hydrogen ions in chemical reactions than those with lower Ka ... Thus, solutions that have a low pH have a high hydronium ion concentration and can be said to be more acidic. The other ... Main article: Ion. An ion is a charged species, an atom or a molecule, that has lost or gained one or more electrons. When an ... According to Brønsted-Lowry acid-base theory, acids are substances that donate a positive hydrogen ion to another substance in ...
Proteasome
... s are part of a major mechanism by which cells regulate the concentration of particular proteins and degrade ... as peptides bind by hydrogen bonding and by close contacts with a region called the "B pocket" on the MHC surface. Many MHC ... cells expressing these proteasomes show enhanced resistance to toxicity induced by metallic ions such as cadmium.[23][25] ...
Spectrophotometry
in order to determine various relationships between transmittance and concentration, and absorbance and concentration.[3]:21- ... hydrogen lamp with ultraviolent continuum and a better monochromator.[8] It was produced from 1941 to 1976 where the price for ... The concentration of a protein can be estimated by measuring the OD at 280 nm due to the presence of tryptophan, tyrosine and ... Bial's test for concentration of pentoses. Experimental application[edit]. As described in the applications section, ...
Glossary of biology
It is roughly the negative of the logarithm to base 10 of the concentration, measured in units of moles per liter, of hydrogen ... ion. An atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.. ionic bond. A type of ... An organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon atoms. Hydrocarbons from which one hydrogen atom has been ... This is brought about by positively charged sodium ions rapidly passing into the axon.. desmosome. Also called the macula ...
Mineral
As a result, it is possible for one element to be substituted for another.[51] Chemical substitution will occur between ions of ... The sheets are weakly bound by van der Waals forces or hydrogen bonds, which causes a crystallographic weakness, in turn ... Ores are minerals that have a high concentration of a certain element, typically a metal. Examples are cinnabar (HgS), an ore ... In all minerals, one aluminium ion is always in six-fold coordination with oxygen. Silicon, as a general rule, is in four-fold ...
Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor
... reach underlying vascular smooth muscle cells at a concentration sufficient to activate ion channels, and initiate smooth ... In addition, in some cases hydrogen peroxide has been suggested to function as an EDHF in some vascular beds;[3] although the ... It has been suggested that EDHF is potassium ions (K+), as the activation of endothelial K-Ca+ channels causes an efflux of K+ ... However, the involvement of K+ ions in EDHF-mediated relaxation does not necessarily involve the activation Na+-K+-ATPase ...
Solar cell
Useful ions are most commonly found in the trivalent state. Er+. ions have been the most used. Er3+. ions absorb solar ... They assumed no carriers were collected at the IB and that the device was under full concentration. They found the maximum ... from silane gas and hydrogen gas. Depending on the deposition parameters, this can yield amorphous silicon (a-Si or a-Si:H), ... ions that have absorbed this radiation can interact with each other through an upconversion process. The excited ion emits ...
Flow measurement
Hydrogen sensor. *Hydrogen sulfide sensor. *Infrared point sensor. *Ion selective electrode. *ISFET ... For very large flows, tracer methods may be used to deduce the flow rate from the change in concentration of a dye or ... A solution with a known tracer concentration is injected at a constant known velocity into the channel flow. Downstream the ... After complete mixing, the concentration is measured. The dilution rate equals the flow rate. ...
For each hydrogen or hydroxide ion concentration | bartleby
The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution determines the acidity of a solution. If concentration of hydrogen ion is more ... The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution determines the acidity of a solution. If concentration of hydrogen ion is more ... The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution determines the acidity of a solution. If concentration of hydrogen ion is more ... The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution determines the acidity of a solution. If concentration of hydrogen ion is more ...
Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration, in moles | bartleby
The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution determines the acidity of a solution. If concentration of hydrogen ion is more ... The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution determines the acidity of a solution. If concentration of hydrogen ion is more ... The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution determines the acidity of a solution. If concentration of hydrogen ion is more ... The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution determines the acidity of a solution. If concentration of hydrogen ion is more ...
Hydrogen-ion Concentration | Definition of Hydrogen-ion Concentration by Merriam-Webster
How to use hydrogen-ion concentration in a sentence. ... the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution expressed ... Learn More about hydrogen-ion concentration. Share hydrogen-ion concentration Post the Definition of hydrogen-ion concentration ... Dictionary Entries near hydrogen-ion concentration. hydrogenide hydrogen iodide hydrogen ion hydrogen-ion concentration ... Comments on hydrogen-ion concentration What made you want to look up hydrogen-ion concentration? Please tell us where you read ...
Concentration of Hydrogen Ions
Actually, it is determined by the concentration of hydrogen ions, the percentage of hydrogen ions contained in the solution.. ... that a hydrogen-ion concentration of a solution with a pH of 4 is 10-4mol/l, meaning it contains 0.0001 mol of hydrogen ions in ... a solution with a pH of 5 contains 10-5mol/l of hydrogen ions, a solution with a pH of 6 contains 10-6mol/l of hydrogen ions, ... and hydroxide ions, (OH-), as illustrated in the figure.. Actually, this balance of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions determines ...
HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION IN EXUDATES OF PNEUMOCOCCUS INFECTION | JEM
HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION IN EXUDATES OF PNEUMOCOCCUS INFECTION. William H. Kelley, E. N. Scadron, B. M. Shinners ... While these hydrogen ion concentrations are similar to those attained in the pneumonic exudate from dogs, they are of lesser ... The hydrogen ion concentrations in exudate from dermal pneumococcus infection in rabbits varied between pH 6.87 and 6.66 but ... The hydrogen ion concentration in the lesions of experimental pneumococcus infection has been estimated directly by pH ...
PH and molar concentration of hydrogen ion
2.Given the molar concentration of hydroxide ion [OH -] = 4.6 X 10 -13, calculate the concentration of hydrogen. ... 1.Given the molar concentration of hydrogen ion [H+] = 6.2 x 10 -7, calculate the concentration of hydroxide ion. ... 1.Given the molar concentration of hydrogen ion [H+] = 6.2 x 10 -7, calculate the concentration of hydroxide ion. ... 2.Given the molar concentration of hydroxide ion [OH -] = 4.6 X 10 -13, calculate the concentration of hydrogen ion. ...
JCI -
Hydrogen ion concentration is not the sole determinant of muscle metaboreceptor responses in humans.
Experts and Doctors on hydrogen ion concentration in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Research Topics about Experts and Doctors on hydrogen ion concentration in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia ... Experts and Doctors on hydrogen ion concentration in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Summary. Locale: Sydney, New South ... You are here: Locale , Australia , New South Wales , Experts and Doctors on hydrogen ion concentration in Sydney, New South ... Posterino G, Fryer M. Effects of high myoplasmic L-lactate concentration on E-C coupling in mammalian skeletal muscle. J Appl ...
In vivo determination of the hydrogen ion concentration of the vaginas of domestic animals
Massive Blood Replacement: Correlation of Ionized Calcium, Citrate, and Hydrogen Ion Concentration
Electrostatics of soft charged interfaces with pH-dependent charge density: effect of consideration of appropriate hydrogen ion...
... in order to address this hydrogen ion concentration jump and at the same time ensure zero hydrogen ion flux at the PEL-rigid- ... Our theory considers for the first time the explicit variation of the hydrogen ion concentration inside and outside the PEL and ... Such uniformity causes unphysical hydrogen ion concentration jump across the PEL-electrolyte interface. In fact we demonstrate ... effect of consideration of appropriate hydrogen ion concentration distribution G. Chen and S. Das, RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 4493 DOI ...
Find the hydrogen ion concentration of a saturated solution of calcium hydroxide whose pH
... the hydrogen ion concentration in the resulting mixture is a. always equal than the concentration of the hydroxide ions b. ... Show that the hydroxide-ion concentration in an aqueous solution is 1x10-4 M when the hydronium-ion concentration is 1x10-10 M ... Find the hydrogen ion concentration of a saturated solution of calcium hydroxide whose pH is 13.3. (If you enter your answer in ... pure water has a hydrogen ion concentration of 1 x 10-7 m and a ph of 7. a student measures a basic solution and finds that it ...
Bio Exams 1-3 - Bio Exams 1-3 Exam#1 1 What is the H(hydrogen ion concentration of an aqueous solution that has a pH of 2 0.01...
The effect of hydrogen ion concentration on the precipitating and protective actions of mixtures of two proteins on colloidal...
The effect of hydrogen ion concentration on the precipitating and protective actions of mixtures of two proteins on colloidal ... The effect of hydrogen ion concentration on the precipitating and protective actions of mixtures of two proteins on colloidal ... The effect of hydrogen ion concentration on the precipitating and protective actions of mixtures of two proteins on colloidal ... The effect of hydrogen ion concentration on the precipitating and protective actions of mixtures of two proteins on colloidal ...
REGULATION OF THE HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION AND ITS RELATION TO METABOLISM AND RESPIRATION IN THE STARFISH | JGP
REGULATION OF THE HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION AND ITS RELATION TO METABOLISM AND RESPIRATION IN THE STARFISH. Laurence Irving ... The optimum pH found for carbon dioxide production is a true one for the effect of hydrogen ion concentration on the tissue. It ... REGULATION OF THE HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION AND ITS RELATION TO METABOLISM AND RESPIRATION IN THE STARFISH ... Because the normal excised cæca maintain a definite hydrogen ion concentration and change their internal environment toward ...
Article | Trends in cation, nitrogen, sulfate and hydrogen ion concentrations in precipitation in the United States and Europe...
A Brief Note on Hydrogen Ion Concentration and the Role of Buffers
The hydrogen ion concentration is extremely important to the structural and functional integrity of living systems. Even slight ... Hydrogen ion concentration is expressed in terms of PH units, representing a measure of the acidity or the alkalinity of a ... The hydrogen ion concentration is extremely important to the structural and functional integrity of living systems. Even slight ... A Brief Note on Hydrogen Ion Concentration and the Role of Buffers Akhila Mol ...
THE RELATION OF THE PNEUMOCOCCUS TO HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION, ACID DEATH-POINT, AND DISSOLUTION OF THE ORGANISM | Journal of...
3. At a hydrogen ion concentration of about 5.1 or higher, the pneumococcus does not survive longer than a few hours. ... THE RELATION OF THE PNEUMOCOCCUS TO HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION, ACID DEATH-POINT, AND DISSOLUTION OF THE ORGANISM Frederick T. ... 4. In hydrogen ion concentrations of about 6.8 to 7.4 the pneumococcus may live for at least many days. ... Frederick T. Lord, Robert N. Nye; THE RELATION OF THE PNEUMOCOCCUS TO HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION, ACID DEATH-POINT, AND ...
THE USE OF THE FINAL HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION IN DIFFERENTIATION OF STREPTOCOCCUS HÆMOLYTICUS OF HUMAN AND BOVINE TYPES |...
THE USE OF THE FINAL HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION IN DIFFERENTIATION OF STREPTOCOCCUS HÆMOLYTICUS OF HUMAN AND BOVINE TYPES ... 2. Of 124 strains of Streptococcus hæmolyticus from known human origin, 116 reached a final hydrogen ion concentration of from ... Oswald T. Avery, Glenn E. Cullen; THE USE OF THE FINAL HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION IN DIFFERENTIATION OF STREPTOCOCCUS ... 40 reached a final hydrogen ion concentration of pH 4.3 to 4.5. Of the remaining 5 which reached a pH of 5.0 to 5.2, two were ...
Blood and erythrocyte hydrogen ion concentrations in acid-base imbalance from respiratory disorders. - Semantic Scholar
Blood and erythrocyte hydrogen ion concentrations in acid-base imbalance from respiratory disorders. by A. Rizzo et al. ... Blood and erythrocyte hydrogen ion concentrations in acid-base imbalance from respiratory disorders.. *. A. Rizzo, Giuseppe ... article{Rizzo1981BloodAE, title={Blood and erythrocyte hydrogen ion concentrations in acid-base imbalance from respiratory ...
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration | ISHAR Online
Part of the product was aliquoted into two CLX bags, 60 ml into each, on day 0. L-carnitine (LC) to a final concentration of 5 ... A concentrated aqueous extract was prepared from the fruit of T. chebula . A mouth rinse of 10% concentration was prepared by ... First, D-optimal design was used to evaluate the effects of variables, including concentrations of substrate (chebulic ...
Effects of ischemic interval and temperature on renal surface hydrogen ion concentration.
aqueous solution - Concentration of Hydrogen Ions - Chemistry Stack Exchange
It is obvious that $\ce{HCl}$ and organic acid cannot have such concentration of hydrogen ions. Both ammonia and natrium ... Is the concentration of negative ions always equal to that of positive ions? ... The equilibrium concentrations for an unknown $x$ reacted amount (in concentration units) would be ... How do we know the concentration of hydroxide ions in this derivation? ...
March 1928 - Scientific American
What Is The Hydrogen Ion Concentration Of Stomach Acid Ph=2 | Stomach Acid or Gerd
1. What are Hydrogen Ions - Definition, Properties 2.. Hydrogen Ion Concentration is the composition of hydrogen ions in a ... In this way, pH is determined by hydrogen-ion concentration.. Key Concepts Concentration of hydrogen ions in an aqueous ... It is defined by the negative of the logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration: The higher the hydrogen ion concentration the ... the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution decreases. As the pH decreases, the concentration of hydrogen ions in the ...
Methyl alcohol (Methanol) (2005-110) | NIOSH | CDC
Acrylonitrile (2005-110) | NIOSH | CDC
eCFR - Code of Federal Regulations
Indwelling blood hydrogen ion concentration (pH) analyzer.. (a) Identification. An indwelling blood hydrogen ion concentration ... 868.1170 Indwelling blood hydrogen ion concentration (pH) analyzer.. §868.1200 Indwelling blood oxygen partial pressure (PO2) ... the hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in blood to aid in determining the patients acid-base balance. ... a) Identification. An argon gas analyzer is a device intended to measure the concentration of argon in a gas mixture to aid in ...
EUR-Lex - 31998L0083 - EN - EUR-Lex
For hydrogen ion concentration the specified performance characteristics are that the method of analysis used must be capable ... a) is free from any micro-organisms and parasites and from any substances which, in numbers or concentrations, constitute a ... three times the relative within batch standard deviation of a natural sample containing a low concentration of the parameter, ... that a parameter is not likely to be present in a given supply in concentrations which could lead to the risk of a breach of ...
Hydrogen ion - definition of hydrogen ion by The Free Dictionary
hydrogen ion synonyms, hydrogen ion pronunciation, hydrogen ion translation, English dictionary definition of hydrogen ion. n. ... The positively charged ion of hydrogen, H+, formed by removal of the electron from atomic hydrogen and found in the form of ... Related to hydrogen ion: hydrogen ion concentration. hydrogen ion. n.. The positively charged ion of hydrogen, H+, formed by ... Hydrogen ion - definition of hydrogen ion by The Free Dictionary https://www.thefreedictionary.com/hydrogen+ion ...
AcidicHydroxylAmount of hydrogen ionsAlkalinityAqueousCationAcidAtomsAlkalineBicarbonate ionsPlasma hydrogen ion concentraHydroxide ion concentrationHigher the hydrogen ion concentraSodiumPeroxideLogarithmNaOHCationsMoleculesChlorideChemistryCalcium hydroxideElectrodeMolar concentrationBody fluidsMeasures hydrogenAcidsSolutionHydronium-ionInverseAbsorbsAcidosisDissociationAlkalosisCarbon dioxideExcessElectrodesDissolutionMolesProteinDeterminesParticlesNitrogenNitrateMeasure the concentrationPneumococcusKidneysHigh concentrationMixtureOxygenSeawaterWastewater
Acidic9
- If concentration of hydrogen ion is more than the solution is more acetic, if it is low, solution is less acidic. (bartleby.com)
- When the hydrogen ions outnumber the hydroxide ions, the solution is acidic. (horiba.com)
- The acidic, basic and neutral character of a solution can be found out by the Hydrogen Ion Concentration. (livingnlimbo.com)
- An acidic environment is enriched in hydrogen ions, whereas a basic environment is relatively depleted of hydrogen ions. (encyclopedia.com)
- These microorganisms can actively pump hydrogen ions out of the cell into the environment, creating more acidic conditions. (encyclopedia.com)
- A solution with a high concentration of hydrogen ions is acidic. (wikihow.com)
- The pH scale, which measures the concentration of hydrogen, runs from 1, the most acidic and highest concentration of ions, to 14, the most alkaline, with almost no ions. (nytimes.com)
- An acid-forming food contributes hydrogen ions to the body, making it more acidic. (angelfire.com)
- The hydrogen ion concentration of an alkaline solution, which experiences a lowering of p H, moves in the direction of acidity, but does not become acidic until neutrality is first reached and then passed. (wattsupwiththat.com)
Hydroxyl9
- Since this is where hydrogen and hydroxyl ions are equal in number, a pH of 7 represents neutrality, that is, a midpoint between acidity and alkalinity. (preservearticles.com)
- Solutions with pH values of less than 7 have more hydrogen ions in the solution than hydroxyl ions, and those with pH values greater than 7 have more hydroxyl ions in solution than hydrogen ions. (preservearticles.com)
- Basicity refers to the ratio of hydrogen and hydroxyl (OH - ) ions in solution, and is directly related to pH. (epa.gov)
- Effect of soil pH (Hydrogen and hydroxyl ions concentration) on the lifecycle of the Tunga penetrans. (ac.ke)
- Keivoro P, Oyieke F, Ochanda H, Ngunjiri J. "Effect of soil pH (Hydrogen and hydroxyl ions concentration) on the lifecycle of the Tunga penetrans. (ac.ke)
- The pH of growth media is kept relatively constant by the inclusion of compounds that can absorb excess hydrogen or hydroxyl ions. (encyclopedia.com)
- Some of the water molecules in pure water will naturally dissociate into hydrogen (hydronium) ions (cation) and hydroxyl ions (anion) in equal amounts. (wattsupwiththat.com)
- The use of the hydrogen ion concentration alone is a convenience that implies that the hydroxyl ion is also present in inverse proportion to the hydrogen ion. (wattsupwiththat.com)
- The important point, which is usually overlooked in discussions of the chemistry of seawater, when talking about the hydrogen ion concentration, is that it is the ratio of hydrogen ions to hydroxyl ions that determines the chemical behavior. (wattsupwiththat.com)
Amount of hydrogen ions2
- Aug 04, 2017 · The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution is the amount of hydrogen ions (in the units of mol) present in a liter of solution. (livingnlimbo.com)
- A solution with a low amount of hydrogen ions is basic, or also known as alkaline. (wikihow.com)
Alkalinity4
- Hydrogen ion concentration is expressed in terms of PH units, representing a measure of the acidity or the alkalinity of a solution. (preservearticles.com)
- Soil pH (potential Hydrogen ions) is an indicator for relative soil alkalinity or acidity. (proflowers.com)
- Acidity and alkalinity are measured in pH (potential of hydrogen). (angelfire.com)
- Keeping our acidity and alkalinity balanced means regulating the hydrogen ion concentration in our body fluids. (angelfire.com)
Aqueous3
- Show that the hydroxide-ion concentration in an aqueous solution is 1x10-4 M when the hydronium-ion concentration is 1x10-10 M. (jiskha.com)
- Bio Exams 1-3 Exam #1 1) What is the H+ (hydrogen ion) concentration of an aqueous solution that has a pH of 2? (coursehero.com)
- The positively charged ion of hydrogen, H + , formed by removal of the electron from atomic hydrogen and found in the form of hydronium ion in all aqueous solutions of acids. (thefreedictionary.com)
Cation1
- The results showed that SSA combined with green manuring decreased bulk density, pH, salinity, and exchangeable sodium percentage of the topsoil (0-20 cm soil layer) and increased aggregate stability, cation exchange capacity, and N and P concentration of the topsoil. (hindawi.com)
Acid31
- It will be noted that the hydrogen ions released by the ionization of hydrochloric acid are used to form carbonic acid, which ionizes only to a slight degree. (preservearticles.com)
- Blood and erythrocyte hydrogen ion concentrations in acid-base imbalance from respiratory disorders. (semanticscholar.org)
- It is obvious that $\ce{HCl}$ and organic acid cannot have such concentration of hydrogen ions. (stackexchange.com)
- Mar 13, 2018 · Use the original concentration of the acid as the hydrogen ion concentration for a strong acid in solution: all of the acid ionizes. (livingnlimbo.com)
- Jun 13, 2019 · Usually, you aren't given the hydrogen ion concentration in a problem but have to find it from a chemical reaction or acid concentration. (livingnlimbo.com)
- Whether this is easy or not depends on whether you're dealing with a strong acid or a weak acid.Most problems asking for pH are for strong acids because they completely dissociate into their ions in water. (livingnlimbo.com)
- An acid is a substance that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions (H +) in a solution, usually by dissociating one of its hydrogen atoms. (livingnlimbo.com)
- One is the acid equilibrium of water and the other is the hydrogen bond between water molecules. (livingnlimbo.com)
- formation of ions by dissociation of an acid. (livingnlimbo.com)
- Because these ions are capable of combining with and neutralizing excess hydrogen ions (H+) upon addition of acid to a body of water, they can help maintain a relatively constant hydrogen ion concentration, and therefore a consistent pH. (thefreedictionary.com)
- That molecule, a salt of cyanoform, has the same structure as the acid except it has lost the positive hydrogen ion , resulting in a negative molecule that is paired with a positive sodium ion. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Lactic acid bacteria haveantagonistic properties which make them particularly useful as biopreservatives.When LABs compete for nutrients, their metabolites often include activeantimicrobials such as lactic and acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and peptidebacteriocins. (slideshare.net)
- Acid rain mobilizes and leaches metals (e.g., aluminum) into groundwater and streams, resulting in higher dissolved metal concentrations combined with low pH. (epa.gov)
- Drug release from HME tablets was dependent upon the concentration of TEC, the presence of citric acid, PVP K30, and Carbopol 971P in the matrix, and pH of the dissolution media. (biomedsearch.com)
- Recipes containing a larger quantity of a very acid fruit juice may need a higher concentration of gelatin to produce a texture desired for serving. (chestofbooks.com)
- A pH of 0 corresponds to 10 million more hydrogen ions per unit volume, and is the pH of battery acid. (encyclopedia.com)
- Acid releases hydrogen ions. (brainscape.com)
- Hydrofluoric acid is a solution of hydrogen fluoride (HF) in water . (wikipedia.org)
- Digestion of the mineral with sulfuric acid at elevated temperatures releases a mixture of gases, including hydrogen fluoride, which may be recovered. (wikipedia.org)
- Hydrogen ions are considered acid cations. (proflowers.com)
- This study aimed at evaluating the concentration of erythrocyte purine nucleotides (ATP, ADP, AMP, IMP) in trained and sedentary subjects before and after maximal physical exercise together with measuring the activity of purine metabolism enzymes as well as the concentration of purine (hypoxanthine, xanthine, uric acid) and pyrimidine (uridine) degradation products in blood. (springer.com)
- The concentrations of hypoxanthine, xanthine, uric acid and uridine were determined in the whole blood before exercise, after exercise, and 30 min after exercise testing. (springer.com)
- Maximal physical exercise in the group of trained subjects results not only in a lower post-exercise increase in the concentration of hypoxanthine, xanthine and uric acid but also in that of uridine. (springer.com)
- An acid is a molecule or ion (an ion is an atom that carries a positive or negative electric charge) that can contribute a hydrogen ion to a solution. (angelfire.com)
- Since acetic acid is a weak acid there will be a lot of the acetate ion tied up as undissociated acetic acid. (yarchive.net)
- My opinion not backed by any research is that the 5% concentration of acetic acid in vinegar probably isn't the optimum concentration. (yarchive.net)
- I ran through some equations below to show why increasing the acetic acid concentration doesn't increase the hydrogen ion concentration at the same rate as occurs with hydrochloric acid. (yarchive.net)
- At 5% acetic acid I doubt if the hydrogen ion concentration is high enough to dissolve iron. (yarchive.net)
- If a quantity of an acid, such as hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added, there will be an increase in the concentration of hydrogen ions. (wattsupwiththat.com)
- It is disingenuous to cite an equivalent change of 30% in the untransformed active hydrogen ion concentration ( http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/alex-mifflin/oceans-co2-seafood_b_7286392.html ) without noting the percentage change required to reach even neutrality, let alone an actual significant acid condition. (wattsupwiththat.com)
- McClendon J. F. Acidity curves in the stomachs and duodenums of adults and infants plotted with the acid of imported methods of measuring hydrogen ion concentration. (wikipedia.org)
Atoms5
- During the dawn of Big Bang, when the temperature of the young universe had cooled down, the first molecular bond of HeH+ was created through the association of the H+ ( hydrogen ion or proton) and helium atoms due to radiation, scientists proposed. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Heating increases the kinetic (translational, rotational, and vibrational) energy of the atoms composing elements and the molecules or ions composing compounds. (explorelearning.com)
- As the kinetic (translational) energy of the atoms, molecules, or ions increases, the temperature of the matter increases. (explorelearning.com)
- Heating a sample of a crystalline solid increases the kinetic (vibrational) energy of the atoms, molecules, or ions. (explorelearning.com)
- Oxygen & hydrogen atoms. (brainscape.com)
Alkaline1
- An alkalizing food removes hydrogen ions from the body, making it more alkaline. (angelfire.com)
Bicarbonate ions1
- The kidneys help maintain the blood Ph mainly by excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate ions as needed. (wikibooks.org)
Plasma hydrogen ion concentra1
- Regulation of plasma hydrogen ion concentration (pH). (wikibooks.org)
Hydroxide ion concentration2
- For each hydrogen or hydroxide ion concentration listed. (bartleby.com)
- what are the hydronium-ion and the hydroxide ion concentration of a solution at 25 C that is 0.0050 M strontium hydroxide, Sr(OH)2? (jiskha.com)
Higher the hydrogen ion concentra1
- It is defined by the negative of the logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration: The higher the hydrogen ion concentration the lower the pH value. (livingnlimbo.com)
Sodium9
- The concentration of a certain sodium hydroxide solution was determined by using the solution to titrate a sample of potassium hydrogen phthalate (abbreviated KHP). (jiskha.com)
- If 0.10 mo of sodium hydroxide is added to 1 L of 0.0001 M Ca(OH)2, what is the final concentration of the calcium ion? (jiskha.com)
- Because increased sodium in the tubules increases hydrogen ion loss at the same time as potassium, diuretics may also induce a hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Carbon dioxide tension (PaCO 2 ) and concentrations of sodium, potassium, chloride, [H + ], bicarbonate and haemoglobin were measured and strong ion difference calculated. (biomedcentral.com)
- Calcium chloride was included to prevent dissociation of the heavy and light chains of r-VIII SQ. Sodium chloride was chosen as the primary bulking agent since the concentration of sodium chloride necessary for dissolution of r-VIII SQ in the buffer will inhibit the crystallization of many potential cake formers. (nih.gov)
- Aldosterone promotes the kidneys to reabsorb the sodium (Na+) ions. (wikibooks.org)
- In the monomer state, sodium transport is blocked, the orange pore does not permit ion. (eurekalert.org)
- KR2 was shown to selectively transport a particular kind of particles -- sodium ions -- outside the cell. (eurekalert.org)
- These conditions are a prerequisite for the protein to do what researchers expect it to do -- that is, pump sodium ions, while also forming pentamers in the cell membrane. (eurekalert.org)
Peroxide2
- We examined ROS production in suspensions of isolated rat heart and liver mitochondria, using fluorescent probes that are sensitive to hydrogen peroxide. (mendeley.com)
- The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different hydrogen peroxide concentrations (HP) on mercury and other metal ions release from admixed and spherical dental amalgam . (bvsalud.org)
Logarithm4
- Danish biochemist S.P.L. Sorensen was the first to use the pH system we know today, which defines inverse numbers of hydrogen-ion concentration shown in common logarithm as pH. (horiba.com)
- In summary, the pH of a solution is the negative logarithm of its hydrogen ion concentration. (preservearticles.com)
- Expression of the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion (H + ) concentration. (medscape.com)
- Mathematically, pH is calculated as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration. (encyclopedia.com)
NaOH1
- I am not sure how to find the concentration of hydroxide in $\ce{NH3}$ and $\ce{NaOH}$ properly. (stackexchange.com)
Cations1
- Roots of high-yielding grain and forage crops remove basic cations from the soil and release hydrogen into soil solution to maintain an ionic charge balance within the tissue. (osu.edu)
Molecules2
- However, a very tiny percentage of those molecules have broken up into hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions, (OH-), as illustrated in the figure. (horiba.com)
- In this system, both molecules are hydrogen sources, yielding a theoretical weight efficiency of 8.4% assuming one equivalent of water and one equivalent of formaldehyde. (livingnlimbo.com)
Chloride3
- Chloride (Cl −) and hydrogen (H +) ions are secreted separately in the stomach fundus region at the top of the stomach by parietal cells of the gastric mucosa into a secretory network called canaliculi before it enters the stomach lumen. (livingnlimbo.com)
- The chloride ion forms a stable complex with trivalent iron. (yarchive.net)
- The chloride and/or the acetate ions form stable complexes with iron ions which aids in the dissolution of rust. (yarchive.net)
Chemistry1
- If you're taking a science or chemistry class, you may need to know how to calculate pH based off concentration instead. (wikihow.com)
Calcium hydroxide1
- The purpose of this in vitro study was to measure the concentration of hydrogen ions ( pH ) of calcium hydroxide [(Ca(OH)2] pastes combined with different vehicles over 7 periods of time . (bvsalud.org)
Electrode3
- hence, the hydrogen electrode potential measures [H + ] or pH. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Tenders are invited for Supply of Low hydrogen electrode size 4 mm x 350 mm , uts 52 to 55 kgf/sq. (thefreedictionary.com)
- The rubber tube is connected at K with a tube, L, leading from a hydrogen generator, and a slow stream of H2 passes down the rubber tube and out at G, thus converting the platinum wire from H to F into a hydrogen electrode. (wikipedia.org)
Molar concentration2
- [2] X Research source For pH, you have to use molar concentration for the formula to work out. (wikihow.com)
- Molar concentration, which is also called molarity, denotes the number of moles of dissolved compound per liter of solution. (wikihow.com)
Body fluids1
- Other aspects of its function include regulating the concentrations of various electrolytes in the body fluids and maintaining normal pH of the blood. (wikibooks.org)
Measures hydrogen1
- Soil pH measures hydrogen ion concentration in soil water. (proflowers.com)
Acids5
- This may be have been the result of greater haemodilution in the on- compared to the off-pump group, compensating for change in SID by reducing the concentration of weak acids. (biomedcentral.com)
- Compounds that contribute hydrogen ions to a solution are called acids. (encyclopedia.com)
- Students will understand the properties that describe solutions in terms of concentration, solutes, solvents, and the behavior of acids and bases. (uen.org)
- Differentiate between acids and bases in terms of hydrogen ion concentration. (uen.org)
- An alkalizing substance is one that contains a molecule or ion that combines with hydrogen ions to remove them from a solution_it neutralizes acids and acts as a buffer. (angelfire.com)
Solution25
- calculate the concentration of the complementary ion and the pH and pOH of the solution. (bartleby.com)
- The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution determines the acidity of a solution. (bartleby.com)
- Actually, it is determined by the concentration of hydrogen ions, the percentage of hydrogen ions contained in the solution. (horiba.com)
- The concentration of hydrogen ions in any solution we are likely to encounter will range from 1 mol to 0.000001 mol per liter of solution. (horiba.com)
- This means, for example, that a hydrogen-ion concentration of a solution with a pH of 4 is 10-4mol/l, meaning it contains 0.0001 mol of hydrogen ions in a solution of 1 liter. (horiba.com)
- In the same way, a solution with a pH of 5 contains 10-5mol/l of hydrogen ions, a solution with a pH of 6 contains 10-6mol/l of hydrogen ions, while the solution with a pH of 7 contains 10-7mol/l of hydrogen ions. (horiba.com)
- What is the pH of a solution having a hydrogen ion concentration of 1x10^-5 M? (jiskha.com)
- a student measures a basic solution and finds that it has a hydrogen ion (H+) concentration of 1 x 10-3. (jiskha.com)
- A solution with pH off 7 would contain _____ times the number of hydrogen ions as a solution with a pH of 8. (livingnlimbo.com)
- A solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of 1.0 x 10-1 per liter would have a pH of: C. 1. (livingnlimbo.com)
- Hydrogen Ion Concentration is the composition of hydrogen ions in a solution. (livingnlimbo.com)
- A base provides either hydroxide ions (OH - ) or other negatively-charged ions that react with hydrogen ions in solution, thereby reducing the concentration of H + and raising the pH. (livingnlimbo.com)
- SOLUTION: What is the concentration of hydrogen ions in moles per liter of the solution? (studypool.com)
- As the concentration of H + ions in solution increases, acidity increases and pH gets lower, below 7 (see Figure 1). (epa.gov)
- Courtesy of USGS Biology, Contaminant Biology Program Because pH is a logarithmic function, one unit change in pH (e.g., 7 to 6) indicates a 10x change in H + concentration in that solution. (epa.gov)
- The term pH refers to the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution. (encyclopedia.com)
- In science, pH is a measure of ions within a solution. (wikihow.com)
- The pH is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. (wikihow.com)
- Concentration is the number of particles of a compound in a solution relative to the volume of the same solution. (wikihow.com)
- pH is a measure of the hydrogen (H + ) ion concentration in solution. (osu.edu)
- High concentrations of hydrogen in soil solution (low soil pH) may cause the release of soluble aluminum from soil minerals. (osu.edu)
- Soil pH measurement reveals the amount of active acidity (free hydrogen ions) in the soil solution and whether or not lime should be applied. (osu.edu)
- The acetate ion forms soluble complexes with iron in solution which aids in the dissolution. (yarchive.net)
- It's based on the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution. (swpp.co.uk)
- Either ion could be used to characterize the chemical activity of the solution. (wattsupwiththat.com)
Hydronium-ion1
- What is the hydronium-ion at 25 C? (jiskha.com)
Inverse1
- pH is the logarithmic value of the inverse of the hydrogen ion concentration. (livingnlimbo.com)
Absorbs1
- Base absorbs hydrogen ions. (brainscape.com)
Acidosis2
- Acidosis during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has been related to the strong ion difference (SID) and the composition of intravascular fluids that are administered. (biomedcentral.com)
- This study aimed to explore the role of CPB in the development of acidosis by comparing changes in hydrogen ion concentration ([H + ]) and electrolytes in patients undergoing on- and off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. (biomedcentral.com)
Dissociation1
- Kw is called the ion product of water or dissociation constant of water. (horiba.com)
Alkalosis1
- This causes decreased circulating hydrogen ion concentration, and increased pH (alkalosis). (wikipedia.org)
Carbon dioxide3
- The optimum pH found for carbon dioxide production is a true one for the effect of hydrogen ion concentration on the tissue. (rupress.org)
- During times of intense activity, the cells produce higher amounts of carbon dioxide so the concentration of carbon dioxide inside the cell is higher than normal. (enotes.com)
- Diffusion of carbon dioxide from the cell to the blood stream will occur at a higher rate than when the concentration of carbon dioxide is at more normal levels. (enotes.com)
Excess1
- Those sewer users who discharge wastewater with concentrations in excess of domestic strength wastewater as identified in the current user charge system. (ecode360.com)
Electrodes1
- McClendon J. F. New hydrogen electrodes and rapid methods of determining hydrogen ion concentrations. (wikipedia.org)
Dissolution2
- 6. Cloudy suspensions of washed pneumococci in hydrogen ion concentrations varying from 8.0 to 4.0 show, after incubation, dissolution of organisms in lower hydrogen ion concentrations than about 5.0. (rupress.org)
- Other than that the hydrogen ion does not participate in the dissolution of the rust. (yarchive.net)
Moles1
- Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration, in moles per liter, for solutions with each of the following pOH values. (bartleby.com)
Protein3
- Baseline concentrations of total calcium (Ca), ionized calcium (Ca2+), albumin, total protein, and hydrogen ion concentration [H+] were measured prior to transfusion, at intervals during transfusion of 2500 ml of blood, and at the end of transfusion. (ovid.com)
- The concentration of the tetrodotoxin receptor in crustacean membranes is about 10 pmol/mg of membrane protein, 7 times less than the acetylcholinesterase, 30 times less than the Na+, K+-ATPase, and 30 times less than the nicotine binding component in the lobster membrane. (nih.gov)
- Rather than allow the passage of these ions in both directions, the protein performs active transport, serving as a "pump. (eurekalert.org)
Determines2
- Actually, this balance of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions determines the pH of the water. (horiba.com)
- The hydrogen ion concentration in water determines the pH level. (gov.mb.ca)
Particles1
- Driven by light, such proteins can facilitate the translocation of charged particles such as ions across the cell membrane. (eurekalert.org)
Nitrogen2
- There, he worked on plant uptake of ions, especially iron, nitrogen fixation and calcicolous plants. (wikipedia.org)
- Olsen, C. (1928) On the significance of hydrogen-ion concentration for the cycle of nitrogen transformation in the soil. (wikipedia.org)
Nitrate1
- Ammonium-based fertilizers release hydrogen when oxidized to form nitrate, contibuting to soil acidity. (osu.edu)
Measure the concentration1
- An argon gas analyzer is a device intended to measure the concentration of argon in a gas mixture to aid in determining the patient's ventilatory status. (ecfr.gov)
Pneumococcus7
- The hydrogen ion concentration in the lesions of experimental pneumococcus infection has been estimated directly by pH determinations on exudates from living animals. (rupress.org)
- For indirect evidence of an increase in hydrogen ion concentration within the lesions, the difference in sugar content between exudate and blood from animals with pneumococcus infection has been measured. (rupress.org)
- With sanguinous exudate from the consolidated lungs of dogs with experimental pneumococcus pneumonia, the findings were not always consistent, but usually there was either direct or indirect evidence of increased hydrogen ion concentration. (rupress.org)
- The hydrogen ion concentrations in exudate from dermal pneumococcus infection in rabbits varied between pH 6.87 and 6.66 but were not always proportional to the difference in sugar concentrations between the exudate and blood. (rupress.org)
- While these hydrogen ion concentrations are similar to those attained in the pneumonic exudate from dogs, they are of lesser magnitude than those which Takahashi (3) has described in the pus of secondary empyema due to the pneumococcus. (rupress.org)
- 3. At a hydrogen ion concentration of about 5.1 or higher, the pneumococcus does not survive longer than a few hours. (rupress.org)
- 4. In hydrogen ion concentrations of about 6.8 to 7.4 the pneumococcus may live for at least many days. (rupress.org)
Kidneys1
- The kidneys regulate osmolarity because they have direct control over how many ions and how much water a person excretes. (wikibooks.org)
High concentration1
- This is still just diffusion because during diffusion a substance is moving from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration, so by measuring the rate at which a substance is becoming concentrated in the area of low concentration, you are measuring the rate of diffusion. (enotes.com)
Mixture1
- When the quantity of lemon juice added was just sufficient to bring the hydrogen-ion concentration of the mixture to about pH 4.7, the isoelectric point of gelatin, the jelly formed was cloudy and more turbid than when the pH of the mixture was lower than 4.7. (chestofbooks.com)
Oxygen2
- An indwelling blood oxyhemoglobin concentration analyzer is a photoelectric device used to measure, in vivo, the oxygen-carrying capacity of hemoglobin in blood to aid in determining the patient's physiological status. (ecfr.gov)
- Those sanitary sewer users who discharge normal domestic strength wastewater with concentrations of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), suspended solids (SS) and phosphorus (P) no greater than the concentrations identified in the current user charge system. (ecode360.com)
Seawater1
- The pH of seawater has decreased by 0.1 since the beginning of the industrial era, corresponding to a 26 per cent increase in hydrogen ion concentration. (thefreedictionary.com)
Wastewater3
- Users whose wastewater exceeds the concentrations for any one of these parameters shall be in Category B. (ecode360.com)
- Wastewater with concentrations of BOD no greater than 250 mg/l, total suspended solids (TSS) no greater than 200 mg/l, and phosphorus (P) no greater than eight milligrams per liter (mg/l). (ecode360.com)
- Wastewater which has a pollutant concentration greater than that defined for domestic strength waste and not otherwise classified as an incompatible waste. (ecode360.com)