Appetite
Feeding Behavior
Ghrelin
Strikes, Employee
Peptide YY
Dissent and Disputes
Peptide Hormones
Bulimia
Validation of measures of food insecurity and hunger. (1/485)
The most recent survey effort to determine the extent of food insecurity and hunger in the United States, the Food Security Supplement, included a series of questions to assess this complex phenomenon. The primary measure developed from this Food Security Supplement was based on measurement concepts, methods and items from two previously developed measures. This paper presents the evidence available that questionnaire-based measures, in particular the national food security measure, provide valid measurement of food insecurity and hunger for population and individual uses. The paper discusses basic ideas about measurement and criteria for establishing validity of measures and then uses these criteria to structure an examination of the research results available to establish the validity of food security measures. The results show that the construction of the national food security measure is well grounded in our understanding of food insecurity and hunger, its performance is consistent with that understanding, it is precise within usual performance standards, dependable, accurate at both group and individual levels within reasonable performance standards, and its accuracy is attributable to the well-grounded understanding. These results provide strong evidence that the Food Security Supplement provides valid measurement of food insecurity and hunger for population and individual uses. Further validation research is required for subgroups of the population, not yet studied for validation purposes, to establish validity for monitoring population changes in prevalence and to develop and validate robust and contextually sensitive measures in a variety of countries that reflect how people experience and think about food insecurity and hunger. (+info)Measuring food insecurity and hunger in the United States: development of a national benchmark measure and prevalence estimates. (2/485)
Since 1992, the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) has led a collaborative effort to develop a comprehensive benchmark measure of the severity and prevalence of food insecurity and hunger in the United States. Based on prior research and wide consultation, a survey instrument specifically relevant to U.S. conditions was designed and tested. Through its Current Population Survey (CPS), the U.S. Bureau of the Census has fielded this instrument each year since 1995. A measurement scale was derived from the data through fitting, testing and validating a Rasch scale. The unidimensional Rasch model corresponds to the form of the phenomenon being measured, i.e., the severity of food insufficiency due to inadequate resources as directly experienced and reported in U.S. households. A categorical measure reflecting designated ranges of severity on the scale was constructed for consistent comparison of prevalence estimates over time and across population groups. The technical basis and initial results of the new measure were reported in September 1997. For the 12 months ending April 1995, an estimated 11.9% of U.S. households (35 million persons) were food insecure. Among these, 4.1% of households (with 6.9 million adults and 4.3 million children) showed a recurring pattern of hunger due to inadequate resources for one or more of their adult and/or child members sometime during the period. The new measure has been incorporated into other federal surveys and is being used by researchers throughout the U.S. and Canada. (+info)Economic determinants and dietary consequences of food insecurity in the United States. (3/485)
This paper reviews recent research on the economic determinants and dietary consequences of food insecurity and hunger in the United States. The new Current Population Study (CPS) food insecurity and hunger measure shows that hunger rates decline sharply with rising incomes. Despite this strong relationship, confirmed in other national datasets, a one-to-one correspondence between poverty-level incomes and hunger does not exist. In 1995, 13.1% of those in poverty experienced hunger and half of those experiencing hunger had incomes above the poverty level. Panel data indicate that those who are often food insufficient are much more likely than food-sufficient households to have experienced recent events that stress household budgets, such as losing a job, gaining a household member or losing food stamps. Cross-sectional work also demonstrates the importance of food stamps because benefit levels are inversely related to food insufficiency. Concern for the dietary consequences of domestic food insufficiency is well placed; recent research shows that the odds of consuming intakes <50% of the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) are higher for adult women and elderly individuals from food-insufficient households. Preschoolers from food-insufficient households do not consume significantly lower amounts than those from food-sufficient households, but mean intakes for the rest of members in those very same households are significantly lower for the food insufficient. This research highlights the importance of food insecurity and hunger indicators, further validates the use of self-reported measures and points to areas of need for future research and interventions. (+info)Nutrition and health outcomes associated with food insecurity and hunger. (4/485)
This paper explores how food insecurity and hunger relate to health and nutrition outcomes in food-rich countries such as the United States. It focuses on two subgroups of the population for whom data are available: women of childbearing age and school-age children. Special consideration is given to examining how food insecurity relates to these outcomes independently of socioeconomic status and poverty. In a population-based sample of women of childbearing age, the least severe level of food insecurity (household food insecurity) was correlated with higher body mass index (BMI), controlling for other available and known influences on obesity including income level. In low income school-age children from two large urban areas of the U.S., risk of hunger and hunger were associated with compromised psychosocial functioning, controlling for maternal education and estimated household income. The nutrition and health consequences of food insecurity comprise a potentially rich area for future, socially relevant research in the field of nutritional sciences. (+info)Food insecurity: consequences for the household and broader social implications. (5/485)
A conceptual framework showing the household and social implications of food insecurity was elicited from a qualitative and quantitative study of 98 households from a heterogeneous low income population of Quebec city and rural surroundings; the study was designed to increase understanding of the experience of food insecurity in order to contribute to its prevention. According to the respondents' description, the experience of food insecurity is characterized by two categories of manifestations, i.e., the core characteristics of the phenomenon and a related set of actions and reactions by the household. This second category of manifestations is considered here as a first level of consequences of food insecurity. These consequences at the household level often interact with the larger environment to which the household belongs. On a chronic basis, the resulting interactions have certain implications that are tentatively labeled "social implications" in this paper. Their examination suggests that important aspects of human development depend on food security. It also raises questions concerning the nature of socially acceptable practices of food acquisition and food management, and how such acceptability can be assessed. Guidelines to that effect are proposed. Findings underline the relevance and urgency of working toward the realization of the right to food. (+info)Women's dietary intakes in the context of household food insecurity. (6/485)
A study of food insecurity and nutritional adequacy was conducted with a sample of 153 women in families receiving emergency food assistance in Toronto, Canada. Contemporaneous data on dietary intake and household food security over the past 30 d were available for 145 of the women. Analyses of these data revealed that women who reported hunger in their households during the past 30 d also reported systematically lower intakes of energy and a number of nutrients. The effect of household-level hunger on intake persisted even when other economic, socio-cultural, and behavioral influences on reported dietary intake were considered. Estimated prevalences of inadequacy in excess of 15% were noted for Vitamin A, folate, iron, and magnesium in this sample, suggesting that the low levels of intake associated with severe household food insecurity are in a range that could put women at risk of nutrient deficiencies. (+info)Abbreviated measures of food sufficiency validly estimate the food security level of poor households: measuring household food security. (7/485)
This study was designed to develop an abbreviated method that captures both the qualitative and quantitative dimensions of household food security (HFS). Women in poor and very poor households (n = 238) in a peri-urban barrio in Caracas, Venezuela, provided data on food availability and their perception of food resource constraints and hunger experiences within the home. Socioeconomic data and food-related behavior that may predict HFS levels were gathered. On average, the top 12 food contributors of energy provided 81% and predicted more than 90% of the variation in households' total energy availability using stepwise regression analysis. On the other hand, a 4-point 12-item scale was shown to have face, content and construct validity with reiterative testing, factor analysis and a Chronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.92. Assessing predictors of energy availability together with a self-perceived HFS scale may provide a valid and reliable method for identifying and monitoring food security levels among poor urban households. (+info)Neuroanatomical correlates of hunger and satiation in humans using positron emission tomography. (8/485)
The central role of the hypothalamus in the origination and/or processing of feeding-related stimuli may be modulated by the activity of other functional areas of the brain including the insular cortex (involved in enteroceptive monitoring) and the prefrontal cortex (involved in the inhibition of inappropriate response tendencies). Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), a marker of neuronal activity, was measured in 11 healthy, normal-weight men by using positron emission tomography in a state of hunger (after 36-h fast) and a state of satiation (after a liquid meal). Hunger was associated with significantly increased rCBF in the vicinity of the hypothalamus and insular cortex and in additional paralimbic and limbic areas (orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and parahippocampal and hippocampal formation), thalamus, caudate, precuneus, putamen, and cerebellum. Satiation was associated with increased rCBF in the vicinity of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and inferior parietal lobule. Changes in plasma insulin concentrations in response to the meal were negatively correlated with changes in rCBF in the insular and orbitofrontal cortex. Changes in plasma free fatty acid concentrations in response to the meal were negatively correlated with changes in rCBF in the anterior cingulate and positively correlated with changes in rCBF in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. In conclusion, these findings raise the possibility that several regions of the brain participate in the regulation of hunger and satiation and that insulin and free fatty acids may be metabolic modulators of postprandial brain neuronal events. Although exploratory, the present study provides a foundation for investigating the human brain regions and cognitive operations that respond to nutritional stimuli. (+info)In medical terms, "hunger" is not specifically defined as a clinical condition. However, it generally refers to the physiological need or desire for food and calories, driven by mechanisms in the brain and body that regulate energy balance. This sensation often arises when the body's energy stores are depleted, or when there has been a prolonged period without food intake.
Hunger is primarily mediated by hormones such as ghrelin, which stimulates appetite, and leptin, which signals satiety. The hypothalamus in the brain plays a crucial role in integrating these hormonal signals to regulate hunger and energy balance. Additionally, other factors like sleep deprivation, stress, and certain medical conditions can also influence feelings of hunger.
Satiety response is a term used in the field of nutrition and physiology to describe the feeling of fullness or satisfaction that follows food consumption. It is a complex process regulated by several factors, including the mechanical and chemical signals generated during digestion, hormonal responses, and psychological factors. The satiety response helps control food intake and energy balance by inhibiting further eating until the body has had enough time to metabolize and absorb the nutrients from the meal.
The satiety response can be influenced by various factors such as the type, volume, and texture of food consumed, as well as individual differences in appetite regulation and metabolism. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the satiety response is important for developing strategies to promote healthy eating behaviors and prevent overeating, which can contribute to obesity and other health problems.
Appetite is the desire to eat or drink something, which is often driven by feelings of hunger or thirst. It is a complex process that involves both physiological and psychological factors. Physiologically, appetite is influenced by the body's need for energy and nutrients, as well as various hormones and neurotransmitters that regulate hunger and satiety signals in the brain. Psychologically, appetite can be affected by emotions, mood, stress levels, and social factors such as the sight or smell of food.
In medical terms, a loss of appetite is often referred to as anorexia, which can be caused by various factors such as illness, medication, infection, or psychological conditions like depression. On the other hand, an excessive or abnormal appetite is known as polyphagia and can be a symptom of certain medical conditions such as diabetes or hyperthyroidism.
It's important to note that while "anorexia" is a medical term used to describe loss of appetite, it should not be confused with the eating disorder anorexia nervosa, which is a serious mental health condition characterized by restrictive eating, distorted body image, and fear of gaining weight.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Food Supply" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. It is a more general term related to the availability and distribution of food. However, in a broader public health context, "food supply" can refer to the overall system and infrastructure that provides food to a population, including agricultural practices, food processing, distribution, and accessibility. Ensuring a safe and adequate food supply is an important aspect of public health and preventive medicine.
Feeding behavior refers to the various actions and mechanisms involved in the intake of food and nutrition for the purpose of sustaining life, growth, and health. This complex process encompasses a coordinated series of activities, including:
1. Food selection: The identification, pursuit, and acquisition of appropriate food sources based on sensory cues (smell, taste, appearance) and individual preferences.
2. Preparation: The manipulation and processing of food to make it suitable for consumption, such as chewing, grinding, or chopping.
3. Ingestion: The act of transferring food from the oral cavity into the digestive system through swallowing.
4. Digestion: The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food within the gastrointestinal tract to facilitate nutrient absorption and eliminate waste products.
5. Assimilation: The uptake and utilization of absorbed nutrients by cells and tissues for energy production, growth, repair, and maintenance.
6. Elimination: The removal of undigested material and waste products from the body through defecation.
Feeding behavior is regulated by a complex interplay between neural, hormonal, and psychological factors that help maintain energy balance and ensure adequate nutrient intake. Disruptions in feeding behavior can lead to various medical conditions, such as malnutrition, obesity, eating disorders, and gastrointestinal motility disorders.
Appetite regulation refers to the physiological and psychological processes that control and influence the desire to eat food. This complex system involves a variety of hormones, neurotransmitters, and neural pathways that work together to help maintain energy balance and regulate body weight. The hypothalamus in the brain plays a key role in appetite regulation by integrating signals from the digestive system, fat cells, and other organs to adjust feelings of hunger and fullness.
The hormones leptin and ghrelin are also important regulators of appetite. Leptin is released from fat cells and acts on the hypothalamus to suppress appetite and promote weight loss, while ghrelin is produced in the stomach and stimulates appetite and promotes weight gain. Other factors that can influence appetite regulation include stress, emotions, sleep patterns, and cultural influences.
Abnormalities in appetite regulation can contribute to the development of eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder, as well as obesity and other health problems. Understanding the mechanisms of appetite regulation is an important area of research for developing effective treatments for these conditions.
The medical definition of "eating" refers to the process of consuming and ingesting food or nutrients into the body. This process typically involves several steps, including:
1. Food preparation: This may involve cleaning, chopping, cooking, or combining ingredients to make them ready for consumption.
2. Ingestion: The act of taking food or nutrients into the mouth and swallowing it.
3. Digestion: Once food is ingested, it travels down the esophagus and enters the stomach, where it is broken down by enzymes and acids to facilitate absorption of nutrients.
4. Absorption: Nutrients are absorbed through the walls of the small intestine and transported to cells throughout the body for use as energy or building blocks for growth and repair.
5. Elimination: Undigested food and waste products are eliminated from the body through the large intestine (colon) and rectum.
Eating is an essential function that provides the body with the nutrients it needs to maintain health, grow, and repair itself. Disorders of eating, such as anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa, can have serious consequences for physical and mental health.
Ghrelin is a hormone primarily produced and released by the stomach with some production in the small intestine, pancreas, and brain. It is often referred to as the "hunger hormone" because it stimulates appetite, promotes food intake, and contributes to the regulation of energy balance.
Ghrelin levels increase before meals and decrease after eating. In addition to its role in regulating appetite and meal initiation, ghrelin also has other functions, such as modulating glucose metabolism, insulin secretion, gastric motility, and cardiovascular function. Its receptor, the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R), is found in various tissues throughout the body, indicating its wide range of physiological roles.
"Energy intake" is a medical term that refers to the amount of energy or calories consumed through food and drink. It is an important concept in the study of nutrition, metabolism, and energy balance, and is often used in research and clinical settings to assess an individual's dietary habits and health status.
Energy intake is typically measured in kilocalories (kcal) or joules (J), with one kcal equivalent to approximately 4.184 J. The recommended daily energy intake varies depending on factors such as age, sex, weight, height, physical activity level, and overall health status.
It's important to note that excessive energy intake, particularly when combined with a sedentary lifestyle, can lead to weight gain and an increased risk of chronic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. On the other hand, inadequate energy intake can lead to malnutrition, decreased immune function, and other health problems. Therefore, it's essential to maintain a balanced energy intake that meets individual nutritional needs while promoting overall health and well-being.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "meals" is a term that refers to food or drink consumed at regular intervals as part of a person's daily diet, rather than a medical term. It is not typically defined in a medical context. However, in a nutritional or healthcare setting, meals are often discussed in terms of their timing, composition, and impact on factors such as medication administration, blood sugar control, and overall health.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Strikes, Employee" is not a medical term or concept. It refers to a labor action in which employees refuse to work, often as a form of protest or negotiation tactic in disputes with their employers. The term "strike" is more commonly found in the realm of labor relations and industrial psychology rather than medicine. If you have any questions related to medical terminology or concepts, I would be happy to help!
A medical definition of 'food' would be:
"Substances consumed by living organisms, usually in the form of meals, which contain necessary nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water. These substances are broken down during digestion to provide energy, build and repair tissues, and regulate bodily functions."
It's important to note that while this is a medical definition, it also aligns with common understanding of what food is.
Peptide YY (PYY) is a small peptide hormone consisting of 36 amino acids, that is released by the L cells in the intestinal epithelium in response to feeding. It is a member of the neuropeptide Y (NPY) family and plays a crucial role in regulating appetite and energy balance.
After eating, PYY is released into the circulation and acts on specific receptors in the hypothalamus to inhibit food intake. This anorexigenic effect of PYY is mediated by its ability to decrease gastric emptying, reduce intestinal motility, and increase satiety.
PYY has also been shown to have effects on glucose homeostasis, insulin secretion, and inflammation, making it a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity, diabetes, and other metabolic disorders.
Thirst, also known as dry mouth or polydipsia, is a physiological need or desire to drink fluids to maintain fluid balance and hydration in the body. It is primarily regulated by the hypothalamus in response to changes in osmolality and volume of bodily fluids, particularly blood. Thirst can be triggered by various factors such as dehydration, excessive sweating, diarrhea, vomiting, fever, burns, certain medications, and medical conditions affecting the kidneys, adrenal glands, or other organs. It is a vital homeostatic mechanism to ensure adequate hydration and proper functioning of various bodily systems.
"Dissent and disputes" in a medical context generally refer to disagreements or differences of opinion among healthcare professionals, researchers, or patients regarding medical diagnoses, treatments, policies, or ethical issues. These disputes can arise from various factors such as differing clinical experiences, conflicting scientific evidence, differing values and beliefs, or lack of clear guidelines. Dissent and disputes can be resolved through open communication, evidence-based decision making, consensus building, and, when necessary, mediation or arbitration. It is essential to address dissent and disputes in a respectful and constructive manner to ensure the best possible outcomes for patients and to advance medical knowledge and practice.
"Food assistance" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. However, in general, it refers to various programs and initiatives designed to help individuals and families access and afford nutritious food. These programs may be run by government agencies, non-profit organizations, or community groups and can include things like:
* Food banks and pantries, which provide free or low-cost groceries to those in need
* Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly known as food stamps), which provides financial assistance to eligible low-income individuals and families to purchase food
* Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program, which provides nutrition education, healthy food, and breastfeeding support to low-income pregnant and postpartum women, infants, and children up to age five
* School meal programs, which provide free or reduced-price meals to eligible school-aged children
* Senior nutrition programs, which provide meals and nutrition assistance to older adults.
Medical professionals may refer patients to food assistance resources as part of a comprehensive approach to addressing social determinants of health, such as food insecurity, which can have significant impacts on physical and mental health outcomes.
Hyperphagia is a medical term that describes excessive eating or increased appetite, often to the point of compulsive overeating. It's more than just a simple increase in hunger or appetite; it's characterized by consuming large amounts of food beyond what is needed for normal growth and health.
This condition can be associated with several medical conditions. For instance, it's a common symptom in Prader-Willi syndrome, a genetic disorder that affects appetite, growth, and cognitive development. It can also occur in certain types of brain injuries or disorders affecting the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that regulates hunger and fullness signals.
However, it's important to note that hyperphagia should not be confused with binge eating disorder, another eating disorder characterized by consuming large amounts of food in a short period of time, but without the feeling of loss of control that is typical of binge eating.
As always, if you or someone else is experiencing symptoms of hyperphagia, it's important to seek medical advice to identify and treat any underlying conditions.
Peptide hormones are a type of hormone consisting of short chains of amino acids known as peptides. They are produced and released by various endocrine glands and play crucial roles in regulating many physiological processes in the body, including growth and development, metabolism, stress response, and reproductive functions.
Peptide hormones exert their effects by binding to specific receptors on the surface of target cells, which triggers a series of intracellular signaling events that ultimately lead to changes in cell behavior or function. Some examples of peptide hormones include insulin, glucagon, growth hormone, prolactin, oxytocin, and vasopressin.
Peptide hormones are synthesized as larger precursor proteins called prohormones, which are cleaved by enzymes to release the active peptide hormone. They are water-soluble and cannot pass through the cell membrane, so they exert their effects through autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine mechanisms. Autocrine signaling occurs when a cell releases a hormone that binds to receptors on the same cell, while paracrine signaling involves the release of a hormone that acts on nearby cells. Endocrine signaling, on the other hand, involves the release of a hormone into the bloodstream, which then travels to distant target cells to exert its effects.
Bulimia nervosa is a mental health disorder that is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain. These compensatory behaviors may include self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives or diuretics, fasting, or excessive exercise.
Individuals with bulimia nervosa often have a fear of gaining weight and a distorted body image, which can lead to a cycle of binge eating and purging that can be difficult to break. The disorder can have serious medical consequences, including electrolyte imbalances, dehydration, dental problems, and damage to the digestive system.
Bulimia nervosa typically begins in late adolescence or early adulthood and affects women more often than men. Treatment for bulimia nervosa may include cognitive-behavioral therapy, medication, and nutritional counseling. If left untreated, bulimia nervosa can lead to serious health complications and negatively impact a person's quality of life.
The postprandial period is the time frame following a meal, during which the body is engaged in the process of digestion, absorption, and assimilation of nutrients. In a medical context, this term generally refers to the few hours after eating when the body is responding to the ingested food, particularly in terms of changes in metabolism and insulin levels.
The postprandial period can be of specific interest in the study and management of conditions such as diabetes, where understanding how the body handles glucose during this time can inform treatment decisions and strategies for maintaining healthy blood sugar levels.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "pleasure" is not typically defined in medical terms. It is more commonly understood in psychological or philosophical contexts. Pleasure is often described as a positive emotional response associated with satisfying needs and desires, or enjoying certain experiences. However, in a medical context, the term might be used to describe the positive feelings some people may associate with certain health-related behaviors or experiences. For example, a person might derive pleasure from engaging in regular exercise, which can have positive effects on their physical and mental health.
Aspartame is a synthetic, low-calorie sweetener that is commonly used as a sugar substitute in foods and beverages. It is composed of two amino acids, aspartic acid and phenylalanine, and a methanol molecule. Aspartame is approximately 200 times sweeter than sugar, so only a small amount is needed to provide the same level of sweetness.
In the body, aspartame is broken down into its component parts during digestion. The aspartic acid and phenylalanine are absorbed and used for normal bodily functions, while the methanol is converted into formaldehyde and then formic acid, which are eliminated from the body.
Aspartame is approved for use in foods and beverages by many health authorities, including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). However, it has been the subject of some controversy, with some studies suggesting that it may be associated with health problems such as headaches, dizziness, and seizures. These claims have not been consistently supported by scientific research, and the FDA and EFSA consider aspartame to be safe for the general population when used in moderation.
It is important to note that people with a rare genetic disorder called phenylketonuria (PKU) must avoid aspartame because they are unable to metabolize phenylalanine, which can build up to toxic levels in their bodies. Foods and beverages containing aspartame must carry a warning label indicating its presence for this reason.
Gastric emptying is the process by which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. In medical terms, it refers to the rate and amount of food that leaves the stomach and enters the duodenum, which is the first part of the small intestine. This process is regulated by several factors, including the volume and composition of the meal, hormonal signals, and neural mechanisms. Abnormalities in gastric emptying can lead to various gastrointestinal symptoms and disorders, such as gastroparesis, where the stomach's ability to empty food is delayed.
"Public assistance" is a term used in the field of social welfare and public health to refer to government programs that provide financial aid, food, housing, or other necessary resources to individuals and families who are experiencing economic hardship or have limited means to meet their basic needs. These programs are funded by taxpayers' dollars and are administered at the federal, state, or local level. Examples of public assistance programs include Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), Medicaid, and Section 8 housing vouchers. The goal of public assistance is to help individuals and families achieve self-sufficiency and improve their overall well-being.
Hunger
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Free school meals to alleviate global hunger
Hunger & Housing
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Dyett High School hunger strike ends
Hussein, Co-Defendants On Hunger Strike
What exactly is 'Hunger Games'? | CNN
Global hunger crisis intensified by coronavirus pandemic
Petition · Hunger Games Fan Club · Change.org
Jailed Iranian Rights Lawyer Starts Hunger Strike
Artificial Sweeteners Increase Hunger - AskMen
Hunger Action Month | KXAN Austin
India's most popular swami to lead mass hunger strike
Swipe Out Hunger
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Increasingly isolated, Palestinians fight hunger - CSMonitor.com
Prisoner Hunger Strike: Emergency Action! : Indybay
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World Hunger Archives | Countercurrents
Hunger - Words Without Borders
Hunger Games | Tag Archive
Sex offenders at Moose Lake launch hunger strike
Opinion: Let's End Chronic Hunger | Inter Press Service
Halving Hunger: Still Possible? | Oxfam International
The Hunger Games Tickets & Showtimes | Fandango
Fishing to Fix Hunger
World Food Programme tackles Ukraine hunger crisis - CBS News
Report Recommends New Approaches For Fighting World Hunger | KFF
Zero Hunger7
- At the global level, much of the world's hunger relief efforts are coordinated by the UN and geared towards achieving SDG 2 of Zero Hunger by 2030. (wikipedia.org)
- We span a broad range of activities, bringing life-saving assistance in emergencies and supporting sustainable and resilient livelihoods to achieve a world with zero hunger. (wfp.org)
- At his inauguration, he launched a major new initiative to tackle the problem, known as Fome Zero (Zero Hunger). (nih.gov)
- Zero Hunger promotes local collective labor practices-known as mutirão- in communities. (nih.gov)
- A pilot program for Zero Hunger was first tested in Acauã and Guaribas, small rural areas within the northeastern state of Piauí. (nih.gov)
- Before Zero Hunger built this water tower in Guaribas in 2004 the town had no running water. (nih.gov)
- Zero Hunger has been praised by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Bank and has inspired similar efforts elsewhere. (nih.gov)
Congressional Hunger Center4
- WASHINGTON, D.C. - Today the Congressional Hunger Center announces three bold commitments to expand our work of developing, inspiring, and connecting leaders in the movement to end hunger. (hungercenter.org)
- Patrick Gruban WASHINGTON, D.C. - The Congressional Hunger Center applauds the Administration's announcement of $2.9 billion to address the growing global food security crisis, while urging leaders to commit to transformational change to prevent future crises. (hungercenter.org)
- WASHINGTON, April 21, 2021 - The Congressional Hunger Center is gratified to learn that justice has been served in the murder of George Floyd by Minneapolis Police Officer Derek Chauvin. (hungercenter.org)
- The Congressional Hunger Center is saddened and angered to learn of the shootings in Georgia this Tuesday. (hungercenter.org)
America6
- While most of the world's people continue to live in Asia, much of the increase in hunger since 2015 occurred in Africa and South America. (wikipedia.org)
- Feeding America - The national nonprofit network of food banks and food rescue organizations, that also serves as a major public advocate for hunger relief in the United States. (cityharvest.org)
- Donald S. Shepard, Elizabeth Setren, and Donna Cooper discuss the cost of hunger and food insecurity in America. (americanprogress.org)
- Yet hunger is not readily seen in America. (americanprogress.org)
- We then argue that any policy solutions to address the consequences of hunger in America should consider these economic calculations. (americanprogress.org)
- Nearly 17 million children in America face hunger. (nih.gov)
Caused by the COVID-19 pandemic1
- The 2021 report reported a sharp jump in hunger caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. (wikipedia.org)
Malnutrition3
- The most extreme form of hunger, when malnutrition is widespread, and when people have started dying of starvation through lack of access to sufficient, nutritious food, leads to a declaration of famine. (wikipedia.org)
- The FAO definitions differentiate hunger from malnutrition and food insecurity: Malnutrition results from "deficiencies, excesses or imbalances in the consumption of macro- and/or micro-nutrients. (wikipedia.org)
- To be fair, no one is blaming the rapid price increases solely on biofuels-hunger and malnutrition were widespread before the biofuels boom began. (nih.gov)
20201
- The 2020 edition instead looked at the prospects of achieving the hunger related Sustainable Development Goal (SDG). (wikipedia.org)
Ending World Hunger2
- One popular tweet (with more than 50,000 shares) provided a "friendly reminder" about Musk's previous comments on ending world hunger. (snopes.com)
- Did Musk Decide to Buy Twitter Instead of Ending World Hunger? (snopes.com)
20181
- The 2018 edition focused on extreme weather as a primary driver of the increase in hunger, finding rising rates to be especially severe in countries where agricultural systems were most sensitive to extreme weather variations. (wikipedia.org)
Widespread2
- The hunger strikes have widespread support among Palestinians who have staged regular demonstrations in solidarity with the prisoners. (ynetnews.com)
- While hunger is a widespread issue, North Carolina has an exceptional resource in libraries and branches of libraries in every corner of the state. (nnlm.gov)
Africa2
- but will they liberate Africa from the scourge of hunger, famine, starvation and poverty? (ethiopianreview.com)
- The Cost of Hunger in Africa study estimates the social and economic impacts of child undernutrition and provides evidence supporting investments in human capital for sustainable development in African countries. (wfp.org)
20231
- Thanks for voting and helping Hunger Games Simulation (Daedalus) on it's quest to become the 2023 Indie of the Year . (moddb.com)
America's3
- SNAP has long been America's most effective and efficient anti-hunger initiative, and currently provides benefits to 41 million Americans. (hungercenter.org)
- We call this $167.5 billion America's hunger bill. (americanprogress.org)
- The 2007 report estimated America's hunger bill to be $90 billion in 2005, sharply lower than the $167.5 billion bill in 2010. (americanprogress.org)
Insecurity13
- In the FAO definition, all hungry people are food insecure, but not all food-insecure people are hungry (though there is a very strong overlap between hunger and severe food insecurity. (wikipedia.org)
- Specifically, we examined household food insecurity, individual hunger, and obesity among caregivers compared with noncaregivers. (cdc.gov)
- Caregivers had significantly greater odds of reporting household food insecurity (odds ratio [OR] = 2.10, P = .003) and personal hunger (OR = 2.89, P = .002), even after controlling for income and other correlates of food insecurity. (cdc.gov)
- Caregiving is associated with increased risk of food insecurity and hunger in Oregon, suggesting that careful attention to the nutritional profile of households with family caregivers is needed in this population. (cdc.gov)
- Financial strain in caregiver households may lead to food insecurity and hunger. (cdc.gov)
- However, some policy groups have continued to use the term hunger because it is more understandable by the general public (10), and some data sources assess both household food insecurity and personal hunger. (cdc.gov)
- This study sought to examine the relationship between caregiver status, household food insecurity, individual hunger, and obesity in Oregon State. (cdc.gov)
- The Great Recession and the currently tepid economic recovery swelled the ranks of American households confronting hunger and food insecurity by 30 percent. (americanprogress.org)
- And because our $167.5 billion estimate is based on a cautious methodology, the actual cost of hunger and food insecurity to our nation is probably higher. (americanprogress.org)
- NOT-OD-21-183: Request for Information (RFI): Research Opportunities to End Hunger, Food and Nutrition Insecurity. (nih.gov)
- This Request for Information (RFI) invites input on the approaches NIH can take to address hunger, food insecurity and nutrition insecurity through innovative and multidisciplinary research. (nih.gov)
- The result is a rising incidence of nutrition insecurity, which like hunger, stems from many factors beyond food and aligns with lack of access to life-enhancing resources. (nih.gov)
- NIH is seeking broad input on a roadmap to end hunger, food insecurity, and nutrition insecurity through innovative and multidisciplinary research spanning the investigational spectrum from cells to selves to societies. (nih.gov)
Cost of Hunger1
- The sharpest increases in the cost of hunger are estimated to have occurred in Florida (61.9 percent), California (47.2 percent), and Maryland (44.2 percent). (americanprogress.org)
20301
- It warned that if nothing was done to counter the adverse trends of the past six years, the number of people suffering from chronic hunger could rise by over 150 million by 2030. (wikipedia.org)
Catching Fire8
- The Hunger Games: Catching Fire- #3 TV Spot 19. (blog.cz)
- Hunger Games: Catching Fire- stills 17. (blog.cz)
- The Hunger Games: Catching Fire- PREMIÉRY + photocalls 17. (blog.cz)
- The Hunger Games: Catching Fire- Official Second Clip 16. (blog.cz)
- The Hunger Games: Catching Fire- world premiere in London 10. (blog.cz)
- The Hunger Games: Catching Fire- EXCLUSIVE clip with Haymitch 7. (blog.cz)
- The Hunger Games: Catching Fire- 'We Remain' TV SPOT 6. (blog.cz)
- Hunger Games: Catching Fire - FINAL TRAILER 28. (blog.cz)
20212
- According to the FAO's 2021 The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World (SOFI) report, the number of people suffering from chronic hunger began to rise gradually between 2014 and 2019. (wikipedia.org)
- CNN, https://www.cnn.com/2021/10/26/economy/musk-world-hunger-wfp-intl/index.html. (snopes.com)
24th1
- A group protesting old-growth logging in British Columbia says one of its members has been hospitalized on the 24th day of a hunger strike. (globalnews.ca)
Games17
- A new version of the Hunger Games Simulation has been released, featuring new landscapes (such as island, city, and custom arenas), events (such as deaths. (moddb.com)
- A new version of the Hunger Games Simulation has been released, featuring new landscapes (such as clock arenas), actions (such as destroying items), gear. (moddb.com)
- A new version of the Hunger Games Simulation has been released, featuring new landscapes (such as mountains and swamps), actions (such as climbing trees. (moddb.com)
- The command line in the Hunger Games Simulation can be used to change settings beyond that allowed in the standard interface, allowing pre-game alliances. (moddb.com)
- see my commentary, African Hunger Games at Camp David ), blame droughts and natural forces and endlessly supply food handouts. (ethiopianreview.com)
- Could The Hunger Games Really Happen? (tor.com)
- The eponymous competition at the heart of The Hunger Games is a brutal event, which means death for all but one of the competitors. (tor.com)
- Of course, the premise behind The Hunger Games is much closer to gladiatorial events than public executions. (tor.com)
- It's an important question, because at the end of the day, the chances of a real-life Hunger Games won't depend on whether or not television channels will air it, or if companies will buy advertising on it. (tor.com)
- So the real question is, would Americans be willing-eager even-to watch a real-life Hunger Games? (tor.com)
- The Hunger Games: The Ballad of Songbirds & Snakes" and "Trolls Brand Together" debuted on top this weekend. (wbng.com)
- The Hunger Games Trivia: Daily Giveaways of Exclusive Jewelry, Clothing & Stationary Start Tomorrow! (hollywoodvideo.com)
- To celebrate this Saturday's Blu-Ray/DVD release of The Hunger Games, starting tomorrow - Wednesday, August 15 - and running for the next week until August 22, we'll be hosting daily Hunger Games movie trivia! (hollywoodvideo.com)
- The Hunger Games Movie Products Now Available! (hollywoodvideo.com)
- With the huge premiere of the movie right around the corner, we know that fans have been patiently craving any kind of information that involves The Hunger Games. (hollywoodvideo.com)
- Hunger Games: Mockingjay - je dotočeno! (blog.cz)
- The Hunger Games- Obálky EW a nové soundtracky 1. (blog.cz)
People12
- In the decades following World War II, technological progress and enhanced political cooperation suggested it might be possible to substantially reduce the number of people suffering from hunger. (wikipedia.org)
- We're not seeing the same level of people applying for SNAP as we saw applying for unemployment," said Salaam Bhatti, director of Virginia Hunger Solutions. (connectionnewspapers.com)
- In a new report, the UN says one in eight people suffers from chronic hunger. (rferl.org)
- The main goals are to raise awareness of hunger and homelessness on our campus and in our community, educate individuals on resources available assist those in need, and encourage people to get involved to help overcome these social issues. (ucf.edu)
- When you join Drive Away Hunger, you're helping people in your community. (fcc-fac.ca)
- There is a variety of ways in which people can support WFP's mission to eliminate hunger, from making a donation to bringing your expertise to our work on the frontlines. (wfp.org)
- After all, nearly 800 million people worldwide suffer from hunger. (nationalgeographic.com)
- The final on SNAP Requirements for Able-Bodied Adults Without Dependents issued by the White House will take nutrition assistance away from people who need it and make our country more vulnerable to hunger in times of recession. (hungercenter.org)
- That's 12 million more people than faced hunger in 2007, before the recession, and represents 16.1 percent of the U.S. population. (americanprogress.org)
- In North Carolina, more than 2 million people, including 1 in 4 86, face hunger on a daily basis, due to where they live. (nnlm.gov)
- Researchers found that a hormone called LCN2 suppressed hunger after eating and that levels were depressed in people with obesity. (nih.gov)
- According to the UN World Food Programme, 854 million people were undernourished in 2001-2003, and about 10 million people die of hunger and hunger-related diseases in an average year. (nih.gov)
Tweet2
- In anticipation of the 90th day of his hunger strike, we encourage everyone to tweet about Oleg Sentsov asking for his immediate release. (pen.org)
- The tweet reads: "Friendly reminder that Elon Musk told the UN that if they gave him a budgeted breakdown of how $6Bil could end world hunger, he would do it. (snopes.com)
Centers1
- Hunger Ward" centers on two women, Dr. Aida Alsadeeq and nurse Mekkia Mahdi, as they struggle to save young lives in the midst of a devastating famine and a society whose very foundations have collapsed. (latimes.com)
Term hunger1
- In the field of hunger relief, the term hunger is used in a sense that goes beyond the common desire for food that all humans experience, also known as an appetite. (wikipedia.org)
Chronic hunger1
- This is the United Nation's FAO measurement, which is typically referred to as chronic undernourishment (or in older publications, as 'food deprivation,' 'chronic hunger,' or just plain 'hunger. (wikipedia.org)
20172
- The FAO's 2017 report discussed three principal reasons for the recent increase in hunger: climate, conflict, and economic slowdowns. (wikipedia.org)
- UCF faculty, staff members and students are invited to participate in National Hunger and Homelessness Awareness Week, November 13- 19, 2017. (ucf.edu)
Households1
- In 2006, the US Department of Agriculture adopted the term "very low food security" instead of hunger to describe households whose members have reduced food intake because they cannot afford to eat more (11). (cdc.gov)
World15
- The UN says most world hunger is concentrated in Southern Asia. (rferl.org)
- Did Elon Musk Say He Would End World Hunger? (snopes.com)
- As social media users discussed the potential impact Musk's ownership would have on the social network, some criticized Musk for spending so much money on a website when he could have used a portion of that to benefit society or end world hunger. (snopes.com)
- Did Musk Say He'd End World Hunger If Given a Proper Plan? (snopes.com)
- A small group of ultra-wealthy individuals could help solve world hunger with just a fraction of their net worth, says the director of the United Nations' World Food Programme. (snopes.com)
- When this article was shared on Twitter, Musk responded on one thread saying that he would sell Tesla stock if the WFP could provide a plan to end world hunger for $6 billion. (snopes.com)
- First off, the WFP did not say that a $6 billion donation would end world hunger. (snopes.com)
- The group said that $6 billion would help solve world hunger. (snopes.com)
- One of the big talking points on social media after Musk's purchase of Twitter was that the SpaceX CEO had chosen to make a social media purchase instead of helping the world end hunger. (snopes.com)
- While it's true that Musk purchased Twitter, and while it's true that Musk hasn't ended world hunger, these two items aren't related. (snopes.com)
- In other words, Musk's purchase of Twitter does not preclude him from donating $6 billion to help end world hunger. (snopes.com)
- 2% of Elon Musk's Wealth Could Help Solve World Hunger, Says Director of UN Food Scarcity Organization. (snopes.com)
- Elon Musk Gave a Mysterious $5.7 Billion Donation Weeks after He Dared the UN to Show Him Its Plan for Solving World Hunger. (snopes.com)
- Imagine a world without hunger, in which all individuals, families, and communities have ready access to enough affordable, nutritious food to sustain a happy and healthy life. (nih.gov)
- World hunger : extent, causes, and cures / Thomas T. Poleman. (who.int)
Sentsov1
- WASHINGTON -- Secretary of State Mike Pompeo has repeated U.S. calls for Russia to "immediately release" jailed Ukrainian writer and filmmaker Oleh Sentsov, who has been on hunger strike for more than 100 days and is reported to be critically ill. (rferl.org)
Increases1
- The 2019 SOFI report found a strong correlation between increases in hunger and countries that had suffered an economic slowdown. (wikipedia.org)
Hormone1
- Hunger Hormone Protective Against MCI, Alzheimer's? (medscape.com)
Poverty1
- With the support of the Taiwan International Cooperation and Development Fund (ICDF), the charity established the Rio Baqui Tilapia Farm Project as a way to battle poverty and hunger in the area. (foodforthepoor.org)
Prisoners3
- Many PA prisoners are on hunger strike in protest of Israel's policy of using administrative detention. (israelnationalnews.com)
- In addition, dozens of Egyptian prisoners have announced a hunger strike following the cancelation of a prisoner exchange in which they were to be freed. (israelnationalnews.com)
- Prisoners in solitary confinement at the Maine State Prison ended their 3-day hunger strike Wednesday night after meeting with officials about their concerns. (bangordailynews.com)
Strike8
- He and other Grup Yorum members should not have to resort to a hunger strike in the first place to be able to share their music. (pen.org)
- The 42-year-old has been on a hunger strike at a penal colony in Labytnangi in Russia's northern region of Yamalo-Nenets since May. (rferl.org)
- On August 21, the State Department marked Sentsov's 100th day on hunger strike by saying it was "deeply concerned" by his detention and renewed calls for his immediate release. (rferl.org)
- Did Israel Cave to Terrorists' Hunger Strike? (israelnationalnews.com)
- Hamas has threatened Israel with increased violence if a hunger strike prisoner dies. (israelnationalnews.com)
- Terence MacSwiney , Lord Mayor of Cork, began his hunger strike on his arrest on August 12th 1920 . (rte.ie)
- The story drew global and multi-lingual newspaper coverage, and is one of the earliest examples of an extended, medically-documented hunger strike. (rte.ie)
- From the outset, MacSwiney's 74-day hunger strike differed in tenor from that of prior Republican effort. (rte.ie)
Donation2
- The event will include a week long donation drive, interactive educational events, powerful speakers, community resources and impactful service projects focused on hunger and homelessness issues. (ucf.edu)
- Help us fight hunger right now with a financial donation to support Canadian food banks. (fcc-fac.ca)
Calories3
- They may get sufficient raw calories to avoid hunger but lack essential micronutrients, or they may even consume an excess of raw calories and hence suffer from obesity. (wikipedia.org)
- The more in touch you are with your hunger, the less you need to count calories. (oprah.com)
- The flies on the low-BCAA diet showed behaviors of hunger, such as eating more food and consuming more calories but lived longer than the high-BCAA food group. (nih.gov)
Organizations5
- Many thousands of organizations are engaged in the field of hunger relief, operating at local, national, regional, or international levels. (wikipedia.org)
- Some of these organizations are dedicated to hunger relief, while others may work in several different fields. (wikipedia.org)
- Many participate in umbrella networks that connect thousands of different hunger relief organizations. (wikipedia.org)
- The following statement was adopted by the National Anti-Hunger Organizations in response to the announcement of the upcoming White House Conference on Health, Nutrition, and Hunger. (hungercenter.org)
- The National Anti-Hunger Organizations (NAHO) denounces the persistent structural racism that continues to plague our society. (hungercenter.org)
Health7
- WHO calls on the Israeli authorities to ensure immediate and adequate access to appropriate ongoing health care for the hunger-strikers," it said in a statement from its Jerusalem office. (ynetnews.com)
- Hunger Prevention and Nutrition Assistance Program (HPNAP) - Administered by the New York State Department of Health, these funds are dedicated to improving the health and nutrition of residents in need of food assistance. (cityharvest.org)
- What's more, the research in this paper shows that hunger costs our nation at least $167.5 billion due to the combination of lost economic productivity per year, more expensive public education because of the rising costs of poor education outcomes, avoidable health care costs, and the cost of charity to keep families fed. (americanprogress.org)
- That initial report, "The Economic Costs of Domestic Hunger," was the first to calculate the direct and indirect cost of adverse health, education, and economic productivity outcomes associated with hunger. (americanprogress.org)
- therefore, hunger predisposes these children to adverse health risk and poor health outcomes. (nih.gov)
- The purpose of this symposium is to examine the relationship between hunger and health and to illuminate opportunities for future research. (nih.gov)
- Hunger and health : focus on childhood hunger / event sponsored by the Division of Nutrition Research Coordination. (nih.gov)
Diet4
- Diet affects lifespan but hunger itself also can increase longevity. (nih.gov)
- Additionally, the researchers found that hunger activated through the low-BCAA diet caused epigenetic changes to DNA in the brain. (nih.gov)
- They found that the low-BCAA diet modified the histones in "hunger neurons. (nih.gov)
- If you've ever skipped meals for a whole day or gone on a strict, low-calorie diet, you know just how powerful the feeling of hunger can be. (nih.gov)
Yemen1
- With his latest film, "Hunger Ward" - the final installment in what he calls his Humanitarian Trilogy - Fitzgerald takes viewers inside two clinics in war-torn Yemen that treat malnourished children. (latimes.com)
Describe1
- In the pages that follow, we will describe how we calculated our nation's annual hunger bill. (americanprogress.org)
Researchers2
- For this study, researchers from the University of Michigan promoted hunger in Drosophila in two different ways. (nih.gov)
- In a study published in the journal Nature Neuroscience, the researchers used a variety of innovative techniques to control activity in the brains of living mice, and identified one particular circuit that appears to switch hunger off and on [2]. (nih.gov)
News1
- Israel has reached a deal with Hamas regarding hunger striking terrorists in Israeli prisons, Channel 2 news reported Sunday night. (israelnationalnews.com)
Year1
- Six-year-old Abeer Otham Thaneb in the documentary "Hunger Ward. (latimes.com)
Fight3
- The Kraft Fight Hunger Bowl was known as the Emerald Bowl from 2004-09 and the Diamond Walnut San Francisco Bowl from 2002-03. (ncaa.com)
- The Fight Hunger Bowl will host the Pac-12's sixth-place team through 2013 season. (ncaa.com)
- We're glad that you're with us in the fight to end hunger! (hungercenter.org)
Appetite1
- These results suggest that the brain circuits that link hunger to aging may reset appetite levels and that this process is observed in other life-extending diets, such as low protein and intermittent fasting. (nih.gov)
Estimates1
- This report also estimates the state-by-state impact of the rising hunger bill from 2007 through 2010. (americanprogress.org)
Control3
- this neurotransmitter is linked to control of body temperature, sleep, learning, and hunger, among other functions in humans. (nih.gov)
- Overall, the study provides new insights into the mechanisms that drive hunger and control longevity in fruit flies and, potentially, in other species. (nih.gov)
- The aim of the present study was to explore possible underlying mechanisms by assessing possible associations with (1) ability to experience the typical post-stress reduction of hunger and (2) inhibitory control. (nih.gov)
Increase1
- In both flies and mammals, decreasing BCAA in food is known to increase hunger. (nih.gov)
Raise1
- Fellowship Place has joined the Connecticut Food Bank in their efforts to raise awareness about hunger in our community. (fellowshipplace.org)
Program1
- Kraft Foods began sponosring the bowl in 2010 as part of its broader hunger relief program. (ncaa.com)