Hospital costs. Medical search

The expenses incurred by a hospital in providing care. The hospital costs attributed to a particular patient care episode include the direct costs plus an appropriate proportion of the overhead for administration, personnel, building maintenance, equipment, etc. Hospital costs are one of the factors which determine HOSPITAL CHARGES (the price the hospital sets for its services).

Absolute, comparative, or differential costs pertaining to services, institutions, resources, etc., or the analysis and study of these costs.

The actual costs of providing services related to the delivery of health care, including the costs of procedures, therapies, and medications. It is differentiated from HEALTH EXPENDITURES, which refers to the amount of money paid for the services, and from fees, which refers to the amount charged, regardless of cost.

Economic aspects related to the management and operation of a hospital.

The period of confinement of a patient to a hospital or other health facility.

The assignment, to each of several particular cost-centers, of an equitable proportion of the costs of activities that serve all of them. Cost-center usually refers to institutional departments or services.

The prices a hospital sets for its services. HOSPITAL COSTS (the direct and indirect expenses incurred by the hospital in providing the services) are one factor in the determination of hospital charges. Other factors may include, for example, profits, competition, and the necessity of recouping the costs of uncompensated care.

The containment, regulation, or restraint of costs. Costs are said to be contained when the value of resources committed to an activity is not considered excessive. This determination is frequently subjective and dependent upon the specific geographic area of the activity being measured. (From Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

Hospitals maintained by a university for the teaching of medical students, postgraduate training programs, and clinical research.

The personal cost of acute or chronic disease. The cost to the patient may be an economic, social, or psychological cost or personal loss to self, family, or immediate community. The cost of illness may be reflected in absenteeism, productivity, response to treatment, peace of mind, or QUALITY OF LIFE. It differs from HEALTH CARE COSTS, meaning the societal cost of providing services related to the delivery of health care, rather than personal impact on individuals.

Hospitals engaged in educational and research programs, as well as providing medical care to the patients.

The amount that a health care institution or organization pays for its drugs. It is one component of the final price that is charged to the consumer (FEES, PHARMACEUTICAL or PRESCRIPTION FEES).

A method of comparing the cost of a program with its expected benefits in dollars (or other currency). The benefit-to-cost ratio is a measure of total return expected per unit of money spent. This analysis generally excludes consideration of factors that are not measured ultimately in economic terms. Cost effectiveness compares alternative ways to achieve a specific set of results.

A system for classifying patient care by relating common characteristics such as diagnosis, treatment, and age to an expected consumption of hospital resources and length of stay. Its purpose is to provide a framework for specifying case mix and to reduce hospital costs and reimbursements and it forms the cornerstone of the prospective payment system.

The number of beds which a hospital has been designed and constructed to contain. It may also refer to the number of beds set up and staffed for use.

Areawide planning for hospitals or planning of a particular hospital unit on the basis of projected consumer need. This does not include hospital design and construction or architectural plans.

The confinement of a patient in a hospital.

Reductions in all or any portion of the costs of providing goods or services. Savings may be incurred by the provider or the consumer.

Payment by a third-party payer in a sum equal to the amount expended by a health care provider or facility for health services rendered to an insured or program beneficiary. (From Facts on File Dictionary of Health Care Management, 1988)

Hospitals located in metropolitan areas.

Costs which are directly identifiable with a particular service.

Large hospitals with a resident medical staff which provides continuous care to maternity, surgical and medical patients.

The obtaining and management of funds for hospital needs and responsibility for fiscal affairs.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Health insurance providing benefits to cover or partly cover hospital expenses.

Statistical models of the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, as well as of financial considerations. For the application of statistics to the testing and quantifying of economic theories MODELS, ECONOMETRIC is available.

Institutions which provide health-related care and services to individuals who do not require the degree of care which hospitals or skilled nursing facilities provide, but because of their physical or mental condition require care and services above the level of room and board.

Hospitals owned and operated by a corporation or an individual that operate on a for-profit basis, also referred to as investor-owned hospitals.

Federal program, created by Public Law 89-97, Title XVIII-Health Insurance for the Aged, a 1965 amendment to the Social Security Act, that provides health insurance benefits to persons over the age of 65 and others eligible for Social Security benefits. It consists of two separate but coordinated programs: hospital insurance (MEDICARE PART A) and supplementary medical insurance (MEDICARE PART B). (Hospital Administration Terminology, AHA, 2d ed and A Discursive Dictionary of Health Care, US House of Representatives, 1976)

Personnel who provide nursing service to patients in a hospital.

System of recording financial transactions.

Physicians who are employed to work exclusively in hospital settings, primarily for managed care organizations. They are the attending or primary responsible physician for the patient during hospitalization.

The process of accepting patients. The concept includes patients accepted for medical and nursing care in a hospital or other health care institution.

Those support services other than room, board, and medical and nursing services that are provided to hospital patients in the course of care. They include such services as laboratory, radiology, pharmacy, and physical therapy services.

Special hospitals which provide care for ill children.

The effort of two or more parties to secure the business of a third party by offering, usually under fair or equitable rules of business practice, the most favorable terms.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

Government-controlled hospitals which represent the major health facility for a designated geographic area.

Subsequent admissions of a patient to a hospital or other health care institution for treatment.

Hospitals which provide care for a single category of illness with facilities and staff directed toward a specific service.

Institutional systems consisting of more than one health facility which have cooperative administrative arrangements through merger, affiliation, shared services, or other collective ventures.

Schedules of medical and nursing procedures, including diagnostic tests, medications, and consultations designed to effect an efficient, coordinated program of treatment. (From Mosby's Medical, Nursing & Allied Health Dictionary, 4th ed)

Hospital unit providing continuous monitoring of the patient following anesthesia.

Facilities equipped for performing surgery.

Available manpower, facilities, revenue, equipment, and supplies to produce requisite health care and services.

Persons admitted to health facilities which provide board and room, for the purpose of observation, care, diagnosis or treatment.

The legal relation between an entity (individual, group, corporation, or-profit, secular, government) and an object. The object may be corporeal, such as equipment, or completely a creature of law, such as a patent; it may be movable, such as an animal, or immovable, such as a building.

Economic aspects of the field of medicine, the medical profession, and health care. It includes the economic and financial impact of disease in general on the patient, the physician, society, or government.

A measure of inpatient health facility use based upon the average number or proportion of beds occupied for a given period of time.

Surgery which could be postponed or not done at all without danger to the patient. Elective surgery includes procedures to correct non-life-threatening medical problems as well as to alleviate conditions causing psychological stress or other potential risk to patients, e.g., cosmetic or contraceptive surgery.

The closing of any health facility, e.g., health centers, residential facilities, and hospitals.

A class of hospitals that includes profit or not-for-profit hospitals that are controlled by a legal entity other than a government agency. (Hospital Administration Terminology, AHA, 2d ed)

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

The administrative process of discharging the patient, alive or dead, from hospitals or other health facilities.

Hospital department responsible for the administration and provision of immediate medical or surgical care to the emergency patient.

The application of mathematical formulas and statistical techniques to the testing and quantifying of economic theories and the solution of economic problems.

A system wherein reimbursement rates are set, for a given period of time, prior to the circumstances giving rise to actual reimbursement claims.

The amounts spent by individuals, groups, nations, or private or public organizations for total health care and/or its various components. These amounts may or may not be equivalent to the actual costs (HEALTH CARE COSTS) and may or may not be shared among the patient, insurers, and/or employers.

Hospital units providing continuous surveillance and care to acutely ill patients.

Medical complexes consisting of medical school, hospitals, clinics, libraries, administrative facilities, etc.

Research aimed at assessing the quality and effectiveness of health care as measured by the attainment of a specified end result or outcome. Measures include parameters such as improved health, lowered morbidity or mortality, and improvement of abnormal states (such as elevated blood pressure).

Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.

Institutions with permanent facilities and organized medical staff which provide the full range of hospital services primarily to a neighborhood area.

Provisions of an insurance policy that require the insured to pay some portion of covered expenses. Several forms of sharing are in use, e.g., deductibles, coinsurance, and copayments. Cost sharing does not refer to or include amounts paid in premiums for the coverage. (From Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

An organized procedure carried out through committees to review admissions, duration of stay, professional services furnished, and to evaluate the medical necessity of those services and promote their most efficient use.

Any infection which a patient contracts in a health-care institution.

Major administrative divisions of the hospital.

The integration of epidemiologic, sociological, economic, and other analytic sciences in the study of health services. Health services research is usually concerned with relationships between need, demand, supply, use, and outcome of health services. The aim of the research is evaluation, particularly in terms of structure, process, output, and outcome. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

The levels of excellence which characterize the health service or health care provided based on accepted standards of quality.

Special hospitals which provide care to the mentally ill patient.

Surgery performed on an outpatient basis. It may be hospital-based or performed in an office or surgicenter.

Those areas of the hospital organization not considered departments which provide specialized patient care. They include various hospital special care wards.

Compilations of data on hospital activities and programs; excludes patient medical records.

Operations carried out for the correction of deformities and defects, repair of injuries, and diagnosis and cure of certain diseases. (Taber, 18th ed.)

An infant during the first month after birth.

Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Pathological processes involving any part of the LARYNX which coordinates many functions such as voice production, breathing, swallowing, and coughing.

A measurement index derived from a modification of standard life-table procedures and designed to take account of the quality as well as the duration of survival. This index can be used in assessing the outcome of health care procedures or services. (BIOETHICS Thesaurus, 1994)

Any materials used in providing care specifically in the hospital.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

Extensive collections, reputedly complete, of facts and data garnered from material of a specialized subject area and made available for analysis and application. The collection can be automated by various contemporary methods for retrieval. The concept should be differentiated from DATABASES, BIBLIOGRAPHIC which is restricted to collections of bibliographic references.

The capacity of an organization, institution, or business to produce desired results with a minimum expenditure of energy, time, money, personnel, materiel, etc.

Information centers primarily serving the needs of hospital medical staff and sometimes also providing patient education and other services.

Health insurance plans intended to reduce unnecessary health care costs through a variety of mechanisms, including: economic incentives for physicians and patients to select less costly forms of care; programs for reviewing the medical necessity of specific services; increased beneficiary cost sharing; controls on inpatient admissions and lengths of stay; the establishment of cost-sharing incentives for outpatient surgery; selective contracting with health care providers; and the intensive management of high-cost health care cases. The programs may be provided in a variety of settings, such as HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS and PREFERRED PROVIDER ORGANIZATIONS.

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

Operative procedures for the treatment of vascular disorders.

The use of severity-of-illness measures, such as age, to estimate the risk (measurable or predictable chance of loss, injury or death) to which a patient is subject before receiving some health care intervention. This adjustment allows comparison of performance and quality across organizations, practitioners, and communities. (from JCAHO, Lexikon, 1994)

Organized services in a hospital which provide medical care on an outpatient basis.

Hospital department which administers all departmental functions and the provision of surgical diagnostic and therapeutic services.

Health care services provided to patients on an ambulatory basis, rather than by admission to a hospital or other health care facility. The services may be a part of a hospital, augmenting its inpatient services, or may be provided at a free-standing facility.

Federal program, created by Public Law 89-97, Title XIX, a 1965 amendment to the Social Security Act, administered by the states, that provides health care benefits to indigent and medically indigent persons.

A set of techniques used when variation in several variables has to be studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

Hospitals controlled by the county government.

Institutions with an organized medical staff which provide medical care to patients.

Insurance providing coverage of medical, surgical, or hospital care in general or for which there is no specific heading.

The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.

Programs of disease surveillance, generally within health care facilities, designed to investigate, prevent, and control the spread of infections and their causative microorganisms.

Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.

A distribution in which a variable is distributed like the sum of the squares of any given independent random variable, each of which has a normal distribution with mean of zero and variance of one. The chi-square test is a statistical test based on comparison of a test statistic to a chi-square distribution. The oldest of these tests are used to detect whether two or more population distributions differ from one another.

Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.

Management of the internal organization of the hospital.

A professional society in the United States whose membership is composed of hospitals.

Integrated, computer-assisted systems designed to store, manipulate, and retrieve information concerned with the administrative and clinical aspects of providing medical services within the hospital.

Hospital department that manages and supervises the dietary program in accordance with the patients' requirements.

Hospitals controlled by the city government.

Organized collections of computer records, standardized in format and content, that are stored in any of a variety of computer-readable modes. They are the basic sets of data from which computer-readable files are created. (from ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)

A vital statistic measuring or recording the rate of death from any cause in hospitalized populations.

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)

The time periods immediately before, during and following a surgical operation.

Hospital department responsible for the administration and management of services provided for obstetric and gynecologic patients.

Care of patients by a multidisciplinary team usually organized under the leadership of a physician; each member of the team has specific responsibilities and the whole team contributes to the care of the patient.

Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.

Infection occurring at the site of a surgical incision.

Evaluation procedures that focus on both the outcome or status (OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT) of the patient at the end of an episode of care - presence of symptoms, level of activity, and mortality; and the process (ASSESSMENT, PROCESS) - what is done for the patient diagnostically and therapeutically.

Surgery performed on the heart.

Private hospitals that are owned or sponsored by religious organizations.

Organized systems for providing comprehensive prepaid health care that have five basic attributes: (1) provide care in a defined geographic area; (2) provide or ensure delivery of an agreed-upon set of basic and supplemental health maintenance and treatment services; (3) provide care to a voluntarily enrolled group of persons; (4) require their enrollees to use the services of designated providers; and (5) receive reimbursement through a predetermined, fixed, periodic prepayment made by the enrollee without regard to the degree of services provided. (From Facts on File Dictionary of Health Care Management, 1988)

Total or partial excision of the larynx.

The presence of co-existing or additional diseases with reference to an initial diagnosis or with reference to the index condition that is the subject of study. Comorbidity may affect the ability of affected individuals to function and also their survival; it may be used as a prognostic indicator for length of hospital stay, cost factors, and outcome or survival.

Special hospitals which provide care to women during pregnancy and parturition.

The hospital department which is responsible for the organization and administration of nursing activities.

Hospital facilities equipped to carry out investigative procedures.

Excision of a portion of the colon or of the whole colon. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Cooperation among hospitals for the purpose of sharing various departmental services, e.g., pharmacy, laundry, data processing, etc.

An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of the ABDOMINAL AORTA which gives rise to the visceral, the parietal, and the terminal (iliac) branches below the aortic hiatus at the diaphragm.

The hospital department responsible for the administration and provision of diagnostic and therapeutic services for the cardiac patient.

The presence of viable bacteria circulating in the blood. Fever, chills, tachycardia, and tachypnea are common acute manifestations of bacteremia. The majority of cases are seen in already hospitalized patients, most of whom have underlying diseases or procedures which render their bloodstreams susceptible to invasion.

A class of statistical methods applicable to a large set of probability distributions used to test for correlation, location, independence, etc. In most nonparametric statistical tests, the original scores or observations are replaced by another variable containing less information. An important class of nonparametric tests employs the ordinal properties of the data. Another class of tests uses information about whether an observation is above or below some fixed value such as the median, and a third class is based on the frequency of the occurrence of runs in the data. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1284; Corsini, Concise Encyclopedia of Psychology, 1987, p764-5)

A procedure in which a laparoscope (LAPAROSCOPES) is inserted through a small incision near the navel to examine the abdominal and pelvic organs in the PERITONEAL CAVITY. If appropriate, biopsy or surgery can be performed during laparoscopy.

Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.

Injuries to tissues caused by contact with heat, steam, chemicals (BURNS, CHEMICAL), electricity (BURNS, ELECTRIC), or the like.

A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)

Hospitals which provide care for the military personnel and usually for their dependents.

Hospitals providing medical care to veterans of wars.

Statistical models in which the value of a parameter for a given value of a factor is assumed to be equal to a + bx, where a and b are constants. The models predict a linear regression.

A class of statistical procedures for estimating the survival function (function of time, starting with a population 100% well at a given time and providing the percentage of the population still well at later times). The survival analysis is then used for making inferences about the effects of treatments, prognostic factors, exposures, and other covariates on the function.

A generic concept reflecting concern with the modification and enhancement of life attributes, e.g., physical, political, moral and social environment; the overall condition of a human life.

That portion of total HEALTH CARE COSTS borne by an individual's or group's employing organization.

The physical space or dimensions of a facility. Size may be indicated by bed capacity.

Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.

Statistical measures of utilization and other aspects of the provision of health care services including hospitalization and ambulatory care.

A detailed review and evaluation of selected clinical records by qualified professional personnel for evaluating quality of medical care.

Surgical therapy of ischemic coronary artery disease achieved by grafting a section of saphenous vein, internal mammary artery, or other substitute between the aorta and the obstructed coronary artery distal to the obstructive lesion.

A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.

The practice of sending a patient to another program or practitioner for services or advice which the referring source is not prepared to provide.

Interfacility or intrahospital transfer of patients. Intrahospital transfer is usually to obtain a specific kind of care and interfacility transfer is usually for economic reasons as well as for the type of care provided.

A medical facility which provides a high degree of subspecialty expertise for patients from centers where they received SECONDARY CARE.

Hospital department responsible for the purchasing of supplies and equipment.

Hospital facilities which provide care for newborn infants.

Norms, criteria, standards, and other direct qualitative and quantitative measures used in determining the quality of health care.

Hospital department responsible for the organization and administration of psychiatric services.

The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.

Systematic gathering of data for a particular purpose from various sources, including questionnaires, interviews, observation, existing records, and electronic devices. The process is usually preliminary to statistical analysis of the data.

Services specifically designed, staffed, and equipped for the emergency care of patients.

Formularies concerned with pharmaceuticals prescribed in hospitals.

Activities and programs intended to assure or improve the quality of care in either a defined medical setting or a program. The concept includes the assessment or evaluation of the quality of care; identification of problems or shortcomings in the delivery of care; designing activities to overcome these deficiencies; and follow-up monitoring to ensure effectiveness of corrective steps.

The hospital department responsible for the administration and provision of diagnostic and therapeutic services for the cancer patient.

Surgical insertion of BLOOD VESSEL PROSTHESES to repair injured or diseased blood vessels.

Recording of pertinent information concerning patient's illness or illnesses.

A system of medical care regulated, controlled and financed by the government, in which the government assumes responsibility for the health needs of the population.

Hospital department which manages and provides the required housekeeping functions in all areas of the hospital.

The degree to which the individual regards the health care service or product or the manner in which it is delivered by the provider as useful, effective, or beneficial.

The combining of administrative and organizational resources of two or more health care facilities.

A geographic area defined and served by a health program or institution.

Practice patterns, case mix, Medicare payment policy, and dialysis facility costs. (1/1002)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of case mix, practice patterns, features of the payment system, and facility characteristics on the cost of dialysis. DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING: The nationally representative sample of dialysis units in the 1991 U.S. Renal Data System's Case Mix Adequacy (CMA) Study. The CMA data were merged with data from Medicare Cost Reports, HCFA facility surveys, and HCFA's end-stage renal disease patient registry. STUDY DESIGN: We estimated a statistical cost function to examine the determinants of costs at the dialysis unit level. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The relationship between case mix and costs was generally weak. However, dialysis practices (type of dialysis membrane, membrane reuse policy, and treatment duration) did have a significant effect on costs. Further, facilities whose payment was constrained by HCFA's ceiling on the adjustment for area wage rates incurred higher costs than unconstrained facilities. The costs of hospital-based units were considerably higher than those of freestanding units. Among chain units, only members of one of the largest national chains exhibited significant cost savings relative to independent facilities. CONCLUSIONS: Little evidence showed that adjusting dialysis payment to account for differences in case mix across facilities would be necessary to ensure access to care for high-cost patients or to reimburse facilities equitably for their costs. However, current efforts to increase dose of dialysis may require higher payments. Longer treatments appear to be the most economical method of increasing the dose of dialysis. Switching to more expensive types of dialysis membranes was a more costly means of increasing dose and hence must be justified by benefits beyond those of higher dose. Reusing membranes saved money, but the savings were insufficient to offset the costs associated with using more expensive membranes. Most, but not all, of the higher costs observed in hospital-based units appear to reflect overhead cost allocation rather than a difference in real resources devoted to treatment. The economies experienced by the largest chains may provide an explanation for their recent growth in market share. The heterogeneity of results by chain size implies that characterizing units using a simple chain status indicator variable is inadequate. Cost differences by facility type and the effects of the ongoing growth of large chains are worthy of continued monitoring to inform both payment policy and antitrust enforcement. (+info)

The economic impact of Staphylococcus aureus infection in New York City hospitals. (2/1002)

We modeled estimates of the incidence, deaths, and direct medical costs of Staphylococcus aureus infections in hospitalized patients in the New York City metropolitan area in 1995 by using hospital discharge data collected by the New York State Department of Health and standard sources for the costs of health care. We also examined the relative impact of methicillin-resistant versus -sensitive strains of S. aureus and of community-acquired versus nosocomial infections. S. aureus-associated hospitalizations resulted in approximately twice the length of stay, deaths, and medical costs of typical hospitalizations; methicillin-resistant and -sensitive infections had similar direct medical costs, but resistant infections caused more deaths (21% versus 8%). Community-acquired and nosocomial infections had similar death rates, but community-acquired infections appeared to have increased direct medical costs per patient ($35,300 versus $28,800). The results of our study indicate that reducing the incidence of methicillin-resistant and -sensitive nosocomial infections would reduce the societal costs of S. aureus infection. (+info)

Total joint replacement: implication of cancelled operations for hospital costs and waiting list management. (3/1002)

OBJECTIVE: To identify aspects of provision of total joint replacements which could be improved. DESIGN: 10 month prospective study of hospital admissions and hospital costs for patients whose total joint replacement was cancelled. SETTING: Information and Waiting List Unit, Musgrave Park Regional Orthopaedic Service, Belfast. PATIENTS: 284 consecutive patients called for admission for total joint replacement. MAIN MEASURES: Costs of cancellation of operation after admission in terms of hotel and opportunity costs. RESULTS: 28(10%) planned operations were cancelled, 27 of which were avoidable cancellations. Five replacement patients were substituted on the theatre list, leaving 22(8%) of 232 operating theatre opportunities unused. Patients seen at assessment clinics within two months before admission had a significantly higher operation rate than those admitted from a routine waiting list (224/232(97%) v 32/52(62%), x2 = 58.6, df = 1; p < 0.005). Mean duration of hospital stay in 28 patients with cancelled operations was 1.92 days. Operating theatre opportunity costs were 73% of the total costs of cancelled total joint replacements. CONCLUSION: Patients on long waiting lists for surgery should be reassessed before admission to avoid wasting theatre opportunities, whose cost is the largest component of the total costs of cancelled operations. (+info)

Resource allocation for public hospitals in Andhra Pradesh, India. (4/1002)

The composition of the hospital sector has important implications for cost effectiveness accessibility and coverage. The classification of acute general hospitals is reviewed here with particular reference to India and Andhra Pradesh. Approaches to arrive at a norm for allocation of hospital expenditure among secondary and tertiary hospitals are discussed. The actual allocation of public sector hospital expenditures is analyzed with data from Andhra Pradesh. The shift in allocative emphasis away from hospitals and in favour of primary health care during the 1980s was found to have been equally shared by secondary and tertiary hospitals. The shares of recurrent (non-plan) expenditure to secondary and tertiary hospitals were 51% and 49% respectively. This can be compared to a derived norm of 66% and 33%. The opportunity that new investment funds (plan schemes) could have provided to rectify the expenditure bias against secondary level hospitals was missed as two-thirds of plan expenditure were also spent on tertiary level hospitals. The share of secondary hospital bed capacity was 45.5% against India's Planning Commission norm of 70%. Public spending strategies should explicitly consider what mix of hospital services is being financed as well as the balance between hospital and primary health care expenditures. (+info)

The influence of day of life in predicting the inpatient costs for providing care to very low birth weight infants. (5/1002)

The purpose of this study was to test, refine, and extend a statistical model that adjusts neonatal intensive care costs for a very low birth weight infant's day of life and birth weight category. Subjects were 62 infants with birth weights below 1,501 g who were born and cared for in a university hospital until discharged home alive. Subjects were stratified into 250-g birth weight categories. Clinical and actual daily room and ancillary-resource costs for each day of care of each infant were tabulated. Data were analyzed by using a nonlinear regression procedure specifying two separate for modeling. The modeling was performed with data sets that both included and excluded room costs. The former set of data were used for generating a model applicable for comparing interhospital performances and the latter for comparing interphysician performances. The results confirm the existence of a strong statistical relationship between an infant's day of life and both total hospital costs and the isolated costs for ancillary-resource alone (P < 0.0001). A refined series of statistical models have been generated that are applicable to the assessment of either interhospital or interphysician costs associated with providing inpatient care to very low birth weight infants. (+info)

Short-term continuous infusion thrombolytic therapy for occluded central nervous venous dialysis catheters. (6/1002)

The necessity of maintaining a strict schedule of dialysis treatments in patients with chronic renal failure dictates that occluded access catheters be restored to full function in a timely and cost-effective manner. The records of 22 consecutive patients receiving outpatient treatment for occluded hemodialysis catheters at Osteopathic Medical Center of Texas were reviewed by the authors. Each patient had 100,000 units of urokinase in 50 ml normal saline instilled over 30 minutes through the occluded catheter. In most instances the dose was divided to allow 35 ml to the proximal port and 15 ml to the distal port. The maximum sustained blood flow rate on dialysis was recorded for each patient. The mean maximum sustained blood flow rate improved from 150 ml/min +/- 79 ml to 261 ml/min +/- 62 ml. Following infusion, improvement was obtained in 19 of 22 patients, with 14 catheters delivering blood flow greater than 250 ml/min. The total cost per treatment was $316. No adverse events were experienced. Thrombotic occlusion of extended use hemodialysis catheters can be rapidly and safely relieved in a cost-effective manner with little delay in scheduled dialysis treatments. (+info)

Effects of a computerised protocol management system on ordering of clinical tests. (7/1002)

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of a computerised protocol management system on the number, cost, and appropriateness of laboratory investigations requested. DESIGN: A before and after intervention. SETTING: A supraregional liver unit in a teaching hospital. PATIENTS: 1487 consecutive patients admitted during 1990 and 1991 (one year before and one year after introduction of the system). INTERVENTION: Introduction of a computerised protocol management system on 1 January 1991. MAIN MEASURES: The number and cost of clinical chemistry tests requested per patient day. RESULTS: The total number of clinical chemistry tests requested per patient day by the unit declined 17% (p < 0.001, Student's t test) and of out of hours tests requested per patient day from 0.31 to 0.16, 48% (p < 0.001; Mann-Whitney U test), resulting in a 28% reduction (p < 0.001) in direct laboratory expenditure per patient-day. Overall, the number of tests per admission decreased by 24% (p < 0.001; Mann-Whitney U test). CONCLUSION: Use of the computerised protocol management system resulted in closer compliance with the protocols and a significant reduction in the overall level of requesting. IMPLICATIONS: Although similar systems need to be tested in other clinical settings, computerised protocol management systems may be important in providing appropriate and cost effective health care. (+info)

Developments in total quality management in the United States: the Intermountain Health Care perspective. (8/1002)

In summary our purpose has been to evaluate quality in the following terms. Best process of care--narrowing the variation of care decisions, working towards the best method. Best clinical outcome--decreased morbidity ond mortality. Best patient satisfaction--both for clinical outcome and the process of care. Best value--best value at the lowest cost. At Intermountain Health Care we believe that the best way to achieve the best quality improvement in a health care system is to involve all of the participants--patients, providers, and systems--in employing the principles of total quality management. Patient involvement--in prevention; participating in best care process through education and utilisation; in evaluating functional status before, during, and after intervention; in satisfaction; in clinical outcome and follow up with providers. Provider involvement--in planning, implementing, analysing, and educating; in defining guidelines; in reassessing and defining guidelines; in reassessing and continually modifying the care map, always striving for "best care." System involvement--in providing structure and mechanisms, support staff, and information systems and being willing to focus on quality as a part of its mission. An American philosopher, George Santayana, once said: "What we call the contagious force of an idea is really the force of the people who have embraced it." It will be up to all of us collectively to become the force behind moving quality management principles into the forefront of patient care methodology and ensuring that quality remains as the guiding principle of health care delivery in the future. (+info)

1. Infection: Bacterial or viral infections can develop after surgery, potentially leading to sepsis or organ failure.
2. Adhesions: Scar tissue can form during the healing process, which can cause bowel obstruction, chronic pain, or other complications.
3. Wound complications: Incisional hernias, wound dehiscence (separation of the wound edges), and wound infections can occur.
4. Respiratory problems: Pneumonia, respiratory failure, and atelectasis (collapsed lung) can develop after surgery, particularly in older adults or those with pre-existing respiratory conditions.
5. Cardiovascular complications: Myocardial infarction (heart attack), cardiac arrhythmias, and cardiac failure can occur after surgery, especially in high-risk patients.
6. Renal (kidney) problems: Acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease can develop postoperatively, particularly in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
7. Neurological complications: Stroke, seizures, and neuropraxia (nerve damage) can occur after surgery, especially in patients with pre-existing neurological conditions.
8. Pulmonary embolism: Blood clots can form in the legs or lungs after surgery, potentially causing pulmonary embolism.
9. Anesthesia-related complications: Respiratory and cardiac complications can occur during anesthesia, including respiratory and cardiac arrest.
10. delayed healing: Wound healing may be delayed or impaired after surgery, particularly in patients with pre-existing medical conditions.

It is important for patients to be aware of these potential complications and to discuss any concerns with their surgeon and healthcare team before undergoing surgery.

In medicine, cross-infection refers to the transmission of an infectious agent from one individual or source to another, often through direct contact or indirect exposure. This type of transmission can occur in various settings, such as hospitals, clinics, and long-term care facilities, where patients with compromised immune systems are more susceptible to infection.

Cross-infection can occur through a variety of means, including:

1. Person-to-person contact: Direct contact with an infected individual, such as touching, hugging, or shaking hands.
2. Contaminated surfaces and objects: Touching contaminated surfaces or objects that have been touched by an infected individual, such as doorknobs, furniture, or medical equipment.
3. Airborne transmission: Inhaling droplets or aerosolized particles that contain the infectious agent, such as during coughing or sneezing.
4. Contaminated food and water: Consuming food or drinks that have been handled by an infected individual or contaminated with the infectious agent.
5. Insect vectors: Mosquitoes, ticks, or other insects can transmit infections through their bites.

Cross-infection is a significant concern in healthcare settings, as it can lead to outbreaks of nosocomial infections (infections acquired in hospitals) and can spread rapidly among patients, healthcare workers, and visitors. To prevent cross-infection, healthcare providers use strict infection control measures, such as wearing personal protective equipment (PPE), thoroughly cleaning and disinfecting surfaces, and implementing isolation precautions for infected individuals.

In summary, cross-infection refers to the transmission of an infectious agent from one individual or source to another, often through direct contact or indirect exposure in healthcare settings. Preventing cross-infection is essential to maintaining a safe and healthy environment for patients, healthcare workers, and visitors.

Some common types of laryngeal diseases include:

1. Laryngitis: Inflammation of the vocal cords, often caused by overuse, acid reflux, or viral infections.
2. Vocal cord nodules or polyps: Growths on the vocal cords that can cause hoarseness and difficulty speaking.
3. Laryngeal cancer: Cancer of the larynx, which can be caused by smoking, heavy drinking, or exposure to carcinogens.
4. Spasmodic dysphonia: A neurological disorder that causes involuntary spasms of the vocal cords, leading to hoarseness and difficulty speaking.
5. Laryngeal webs: Thin strands of tissue that can form in the larynx and cause breathing difficulties.
6. Trauma to the larynx: Injury to the voice box can cause a range of symptoms, including hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, and breathing difficulties.
7. Laryngeal cysts: Fluid-filled sacs that can form in the larynx and cause breathing difficulties.
8. Laryngeal granulomas: Inflammation of the larynx due to infection or irritation, which can cause hoarseness and difficulty speaking.

Diagnosis of laryngeal diseases typically involves a physical examination of the throat and voice box, as well as imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, or endoscopy. Treatment options vary depending on the specific type of disease and can include medications, surgery, or speech therapy.

Surgical wound infections can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

1. Poor surgical technique: If the surgeon does not follow proper surgical techniques, such as properly cleaning and closing the incision, the risk of infection increases.
2. Contamination of the wound site: If the wound site is contaminated with bacteria or other microorganisms during the surgery, this can lead to an infection.
3. Use of contaminated instruments: If the instruments used during the surgery are contaminated with bacteria or other microorganisms, this can also lead to an infection.
4. Poor post-operative care: If the patient does not receive proper post-operative care, such as timely changing of dressings and adequate pain management, the risk of infection increases.

There are several types of surgical wound infections, including:

1. Superficial wound infections: These infections occur only in the skin and subcutaneous tissues and can be treated with antibiotics.
2. Deep wound infections: These infections occur in the deeper tissues, such as muscle or bone, and can be more difficult to treat.
3. Wound hernias: These occur when the intestine bulges through the incision site, creating a hernia.
4. Abscesses: These occur when pus collects in the wound site, creating a pocket of infection.

Surgical wound infections can be diagnosed using a variety of tests, including:

1. Cultures: These are used to identify the type of bacteria or other microorganisms causing the infection.
2. Imaging studies: These can help to determine the extent of the infection and whether it has spread to other areas of the body.
3. Physical examination: The surgeon will typically perform a physical examination of the wound site to look for signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, or drainage.

Treatment of surgical wound infections typically involves a combination of antibiotics and wound care. In some cases, additional surgery may be necessary to remove infected tissue or repair damaged structures.

Prevention is key when it comes to surgical wound infections. To reduce the risk of infection, surgeons and healthcare providers can take several steps, including:

1. Proper sterilization and disinfection of equipment and the surgical site.
2. Use of antibiotic prophylaxis, which is the use of antibiotics to prevent infections in high-risk patients.
3. Closure of the incision site with sutures or staples to reduce the risk of bacterial entry.
4. Monitoring for signs of infection and prompt treatment if an infection develops.
5. Proper wound care, including keeping the wound clean and dry, and changing dressings as needed.
6. Avoiding unnecessary delays in surgical procedure, which can increase the risk of infection.
7. Proper patient education on wound care and signs of infection.
8. Use of biological dressings such as antimicrobial impregnated dressings, which can help reduce the risk of infection.
9. Use of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) which can help to promote wound healing and reduce the risk of infection.
10. Proper handling and disposal of sharps and other medical waste to reduce the risk of infection.

It is important for patients to follow their healthcare provider's instructions for wound care and to seek medical attention if they notice any signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, or increased pain. By taking these precautions, the risk of surgical wound infections can be significantly reduced, leading to better outcomes for patients.

An abdominal aortic aneurysm can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, back pain, and difficulty breathing if it ruptures. It can also be diagnosed through imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI. Treatment options for an abdominal aortic aneurysm include watchful waiting (monitoring the aneurysm for signs of growth or rupture), endovascular repair (using a catheter to repair the aneurysm from within the blood vessel), or surgical repair (open surgery to repair the aneurysm).

Word Origin and History

The word 'aneurysm' comes from the Greek words 'aneurysma', meaning 'dilation' and 'sma', meaning 'a vessel'. The term 'abdominal aortic aneurysm' was first used in the medical literature in the late 19th century to describe this specific type of aneurysm.

Prevalence and Incidence

Abdominal aortic aneurysms are relatively common, especially among older adults. According to the Society for Vascular Surgery, approximately 2% of people over the age of 65 have an abdominal aortic aneurysm. The prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysms increases with age, and men are more likely to be affected than women.

Risk Factors

Several risk factors can increase the likelihood of developing an abdominal aortic aneurysm, including:

* High blood pressure
* Atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries)
* Smoking
* Family history of aneurysms
* Previous heart attack or stroke
* Marfan syndrome or other connective tissue disorders.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Abdominal aortic aneurysms can be asymptomatic, meaning they do not cause any noticeable symptoms. However, some people may experience symptoms such as:

* Abdominal pain or discomfort
* Back pain
* Weakness or fatigue
* Palpitations
* Shortness of breath

If an abdominal aortic aneurysm is suspected, several diagnostic tests may be ordered, including:

* Ultrasound
* Computed tomography (CT) scan
* Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
* Angiography

Treatment and Management

The treatment of choice for an abdominal aortic aneurysm depends on several factors, including the size and location of the aneurysm, as well as the patient's overall health. Treatment options may include:

* Watchful waiting (for small aneurysms that are not causing any symptoms)
* Endovascular repair (using a stent or other device to repair the aneurysm from within the blood vessel)
* Open surgical repair (where the surgeon makes an incision in the abdomen to repair the aneurysm)

In some cases, emergency surgery may be necessary if the aneurysm ruptures or shows signs of impending rupture.

Complications and Risks

Abdominal aortic aneurysms can lead to several complications and risks, including:

* Rupture (which can be life-threatening)
* Infection
* Blood clots or blockages in the blood vessels
* Kidney damage
* Heart problems

Prevention

There is no guaranteed way to prevent an abdominal aortic aneurysm, but several factors may reduce the risk of developing one. These include:

* Maintaining a healthy lifestyle (including a balanced diet and regular exercise)
* Not smoking
* Managing high blood pressure and other medical conditions
* Getting regular check-ups with your healthcare provider

Prognosis and Life Expectancy

The prognosis for abdominal aortic aneurysms depends on several factors, including the size of the aneurysm, its location, and whether it has ruptured. In general, the larger the aneurysm, the poorer the prognosis. If treated before rupture, many people with abdominal aortic aneurysms can expect a good outcome and a normal life expectancy. However, if the aneurysm ruptures, the survival rate is much lower.

In conclusion, abdominal aortic aneurysms are a serious medical condition that can be life-threatening if left untreated. It is important to be aware of the risk factors and symptoms of an aneurysm, and to seek medical attention immediately if any are present. With proper treatment, many people with abdominal aortic aneurysms can expect a good outcome and a normal life expectancy.

Bacteremia can occur when bacteria enter the bloodstream through various means, such as:

* Infected wounds or surgical sites
* Injecting drug use
* Skin infections
* Respiratory tract infections
* Urinary tract infections
* Endocarditis (infection of the heart valves)

The symptoms of bacteremia can vary depending on the type of bacteria and the severity of the infection. Some common symptoms include:

* Fever
* Chills
* Headache
* Muscle aches
* Weakness
* Confusion
* Shortness of breath

Bacteremia is diagnosed by blood cultures, which involve collecting blood samples and inserting them into a specialized container to grow the bacteria. Treatment typically involves antibiotics and supportive care, such as intravenous fluids and oxygen therapy. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary to monitor and treat the infection.

Prevention measures for bacteremia include:

* Practicing good hygiene, such as washing hands regularly
* Avoiding sharing personal items like toothbrushes or razors
* Properly cleaning and covering wounds
* Getting vaccinated against infections that can lead to bacteremia
* Following proper sterilization techniques during medical procedures

Overall, bacteremia is a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention to prevent complications and ensure effective treatment.

First-degree burns are the mildest form of burn and affect only the outer layer of the skin. They are characterized by redness, swelling, and pain but do not blister or scar. Examples of first-degree burns include sunburns and minor scalds from hot liquids.

Second-degree burns are more severe and affect both the outer and inner layers of the skin. They can cause blisters, redness, swelling, and pain, and may lead to infection. Second-degree burns can be further classified into two subtypes: partial thickness burns (where the skin is damaged but not completely destroyed) and full thickness burns (where the skin is completely destroyed).

Third-degree burns are the most severe and affect all layers of the skin and underlying tissues. They can cause charring of the skin, loss of function, and may lead to infection or even death.

There are several ways to treat burns, including:

1. Cooling the burn with cool water or a cold compress to reduce heat and prevent further damage.
2. Keeping the burn clean and dry to prevent infection.
3. Applying topical creams or ointments to help soothe and heal the burn.
4. Taking pain medication to manage discomfort.
5. In severe cases, undergoing surgery to remove damaged tissue and promote healing.

Prevention is key when it comes to burns. Some ways to prevent burns include:

1. Being cautious when handling hot objects or substances.
2. Keeping a safe distance from open flames or sparks.
3. Wearing protective clothing, such as gloves and long sleeves, when working with hot materials.
4. Keeping children away from hot surfaces and substances.
5. Installing smoke detectors and fire extinguishers in the home to reduce the risk of fires.

Overall, burns can be a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention. By understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatments for burns, individuals can take steps to prevent them and seek help if they do occur.

1. Ischemic stroke: This is the most common type of stroke, accounting for about 87% of all strokes. It occurs when a blood vessel in the brain becomes blocked, reducing blood flow to the brain.
2. Hemorrhagic stroke: This type of stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures, causing bleeding in the brain. High blood pressure, aneurysms, and blood vessel malformations can all cause hemorrhagic strokes.
3. Transient ischemic attack (TIA): Also known as a "mini-stroke," a TIA is a temporary interruption of blood flow to the brain that lasts for a short period of time, usually less than 24 hours. TIAs are often a warning sign for a future stroke and should be taken seriously.

Stroke can cause a wide range of symptoms depending on the location and severity of the damage to the brain. Some common symptoms include:

* Weakness or numbness in the face, arm, or leg
* Difficulty speaking or understanding speech
* Sudden vision loss or double vision
* Dizziness, loss of balance, or sudden falls
* Severe headache
* Confusion, disorientation, or difficulty with memory

Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability and can have a significant impact on the quality of life for survivors. However, with prompt medical treatment and rehabilitation, many people are able to recover some or all of their lost functions and lead active lives.

The medical community has made significant progress in understanding stroke and developing effective treatments. Some of the most important advances include:

* Development of clot-busting drugs and mechanical thrombectomy devices to treat ischemic strokes
* Improved imaging techniques, such as CT and MRI scans, to diagnose stroke and determine its cause
* Advances in surgical techniques for hemorrhagic stroke
* Development of new medications to prevent blood clots and reduce the risk of stroke

Despite these advances, stroke remains a significant public health problem. According to the American Heart Association, stroke is the fifth leading cause of death in the United States and the leading cause of long-term disability. In 2017, there were over 795,000 strokes in the United States alone.

There are several risk factors for stroke that can be controlled or modified. These include:

* High blood pressure
* Diabetes mellitus
* High cholesterol levels
* Smoking
* Obesity
* Lack of physical activity
* Poor diet

In addition to these modifiable risk factors, there are also several non-modifiable risk factors for stroke, such as age (stroke risk increases with age), family history of stroke, and previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA).

The medical community has made significant progress in understanding the causes and risk factors for stroke, as well as developing effective treatments and prevention strategies. However, more research is needed to improve outcomes for stroke survivors and reduce the overall burden of this disease.

"Healthcare Travel Costs Scheme (HTCS)". nhs.uk. NHS England. Retrieved 20 November 2019. Hospital Travel Costs Scheme:Current ... The benefit system changes but hospitals may not keep up with the changes. National Health Service hospital parking "The ... From 1988 Health Authorities met the cost of expenditure. Subsequently costs were transferred to NHS trusts. New regulations ... could get help with the cost of travel to hospital appointments. It does not apply to primary care or community services and it ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_Travel_Costs_Scheme

"Labor Productivity and Costs: Private Community Hospitals". Bureau of Labor Statistics. June 11, 2021. Archived from the ... This demonstrates the cost aspect of the Baumol effect (the "cost disease"). While costs in sectors with productivity growth- ... The cost per unit output is the total cost divided by the amount of output, so with C 1 t {\displaystyle C_{1t}} representing ... These higher labor costs in the retail sector, despite little increase in productivity, are an example of Baumol's cost disease ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baumol's_cost_disease

However cost-shifting need not be dollar per dollar, as hospitals can absorb some degree of cost-shifting pressure through ... Hospitals need to balance their costs and incomes. Problem begins in communication between hospitals and insurers, who want to ... "Cost-Shifting and Cost-Cutting as Joint and Mutually Reinforcing Strategies in the Financial Management of Hospitals and ... they would seek care in some other hospital, therefore the hospital would only lose money. The problem of cost shifting in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost-shifting

"Premier healthcare alliance , Reducing healthcare costs , Improving healthcare quality". Premierinc.com. Retrieved 2013-07-11 ... Only six percent of hospitals in the United States are recognized as Magnet hospitals. 1973 Becomes teaching hospital in ... Summa Akron City Hospital, part of Summa Health System, was founded in 1892 in Akron, Ohio, United States as The City Hospital ... Designated a Magnet Hospital. Summa Akron City Hospital is known for advancements in geriatric medicine, hospice and palliative ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summa_Akron_City_Hospital

Part Two: Most visited hospitals and their specialties. An overview of 150 hospitals in 22 countries offering international ... Data on international patient flow and comparative costs of medical procedures have been cited by research, news and reference ... comparative treatment costs. Part One: What medical travelers should know; how to vet international doctors, surgeons and ... internationally accredited hospitals and corresponding medical specialties, subspecialties and procedures. Patients Beyond ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patients_Beyond_Borders

Dallas: HLH Products (1960s) Articles "From H. L. Hunt." American [Odessa, Texas] (February 2, 1967). "Reducing Hospital Costs ... After several months at Baylor Hospital in Dallas, Hunt died at age 85, and was buried in Sparkman-Hillcrest Memorial Park ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H._L._Hunt

Costs Skyrocket; Specialists' Incomes Soar". The New York Times. citing https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/finance/ ... Becker's Hospital Review, June 16, 2020 "Becker's Hospital Review notes that 65 percent of physicians are overworked and 58 ... Becker's Hospital Review is a medical industry trade magazine that does its own research, supplementing this with government- ... It covers its field from the prospective of those involved: doctors, hospitals, and those who pay: patients and the general ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Becker's_Hospital_Review

The Bermuda Hospitals Board operates the King Edward VII Memorial Hospital, located in Paget Parish, and the Mid-Atlantic ... Despite the high cost of living, the high salaries offer expatriates several benefits by moving to Bermuda and working for a ... The Bermuda Hospitals Board said in 2018 that they were not vital in Bermuda because of its small size. Nurse practitioners on ... "Bermuda's Healthcare costs for residents and visitors". www.bermuda-online.org. Archived from the original on 31 March 2022. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bermuda

"Hospital Costs Rise Sharply". The Advertiser (Adelaide). South Australia. 27 October 1949. p. 7. Retrieved 20 May 2021 - via ... The hospital was damaged in the 1954 Adelaide earthquake. The hospital was known as the Wakefield Memorial Hospital from ... After the acquisition, the hospital was renamed Calvary Wakefield Hospital. The hospital was superseded in 2020 by the 344-bed ... Association in the hospital reception area in her memory. Under Tibbits, the hospital became the first training hospital for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvary_Wakefield_Hospital

"Tim Shadbolt recovering in hospital after car accident". The New Zealand Herald. 4 April 2006. "Crash costs Shadbolt $600". The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Shadbolt

In 1974 the location opened with 124 beds, at a cost of $7.5 million. In the same year, the hospital was investigated ... Hospitals in Winnipeg, Hospital buildings completed in 1931, Hospital buildings completed in 1974, Hospitals established in ... By 1938, the hospital had 50 beds and 12 staff. The hospital expanded in 1953 and 1958. In 1957, the hospital added eight cribs ... In 1964, the hospital purchased the land which became the current location of the hospital. By 1971, the hospital had 79 beds ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concordia_Hospital

Cherry Hospital Dams. The Quaker Neck Dam was removed in May 1998. The work cost $222,000. The result was to restore access for ... Bowman 2001, p. 2. Dam Removal Costs - CRMC. Ferreri 2011, p. 18. Gleick 2000, p. 126. Wildman 2015, p. 32. Quaker Neck and ... The Cherry Hospital Dam was also removed, which restored another 76 miles (122 km) of streams for use by anadromous fish in ... retrieved 2018-06-23 Quaker Neck and Cherry Hospital Dam Removal, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 5 July 2016, retrieved 2018- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.F._Lee_Energy_Complex

The operation costs $30,000. Artyom does not have this much money, and neither does the doctor. Artyom had been like a son to ... Artem ends up in a hospital; the doctor, who has fallen in love with him, visits him and tells him the diagnosis: Retinal ... Valiyev says: "You're not in a hospital." They are going to torture Artyom to learn where the money is, and then continue to ... Artyom is badly wounded, arrested and taken to a hospital. Next day the FSB arrests Valiyev. After some years have passed, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadowboxing_(2005_film)

Hospital market definitions were based on hospital locations, and in some cases, patient ZIP Codes. Hospital locations were ... outpatient surgeries in U.S. hospitals, neonatal hospital stays related to substance use, and characteristics of hospital stays ... National variation in urethroplasty cost and predictors of extreme cost: a cost analysis with policy implications. Urology 2016 ... are hospital-level files designed to convert the hospital total charge data to total cost estimates for services when merged ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_Cost_and_Utilization_Project

Kolata, Gina (September 7, 2015). "What Are a Hospital's Costs? Utah System Is Trying to Learn". The New York Times. ISSN 0362- ... "Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA". Massgeneral.org. Retrieved ... "Huntsman: Firing nearly cost University of Utah $250 million". Deseretnews.com. Retrieved April 27, 2017. "U. Health Care CEO ... She is also a member of the advisory boards of the Massachusetts General Hospital, the University of Pennsylvania's Center for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vivian_Lee

Conversely, retrospective cost sharing allows for possible supply induced demand, minimizing the hospital's incentive to ... Lower costs equaled lower reimbursement; however, higher costs led to higher reimbursements only if the costs were driven by a ... hospital inpatient prospective payment systems for acute care hospitals and the long-term care hospital prospective payment ... Higher generosity is usually associated with greater retrospective limits on cost sharing. In the 1990s, high-tech hospitals ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_McClellan

In 2010, gun violence cost U.S. taxpayers about $516 million in direct hospital costs. In 2021, gun violence was estimated to ... "The Hospital Costs of Firearm Assaults". Urban Institute. Archived from the original on September 18, 2015. Retrieved September ... In 2000, the costs of gun violence in the United States were estimated to be on the order of $100 billion per year, plus the ... "The Economic Cost of Gun Violence". Everytown Research. Everytown Research. Retrieved June 7, 2021. Gienapp, William E (2002). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gun_violence_in_the_United_States

Each probe costs about £100. It secured approval from the NHS Supply Chain in 2012 after a tender process, to sell cardiac ... In November 2016 an NHS hospital bought six, the largest order since 2014. The cash crisis affecting the NHS has meant that few ... The company claims that it has been shown to reduce postoperative complications and reduce length of hospital stay. According ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deltex_Medical_Group

"Inquiry into safety issues at flagship hospitals". 17 September 2019. "Public inquiry into hospital sites". Scottish Government ... "Covid costs Multiplex £149m". www.theconstructionindex.co.uk. Retrieved 30 April 2021. "About us". Multiplex. Retrieved 7 ... "High Court judge appointed to head public inquiry into Edinburgh's Sick Kids hospital and Glasgow's Queen Elizabeth hospital". ... A public inquiry was also launched in 2019, looking at the QEUH and the delayed Royal Hospital for Children and Young People. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplex_(company)

The cost-effectiveness of ACT was relatively easy to demonstrate in the early days, when psychiatric hospital beds were more ... Weisbrod, B. A., Test, M. A., & Stein, L. I. (1980). Alternative to mental hospital treatment. II. Economic benefit-cost ... Test, M. A., & Stein, L. I. (1980). Alternative to mental hospital treatment. III. Social cost. Archives of General Psychiatry ... Stein, L. I., & Test, M. A. (1976). Retraining hospital staff for work in a community program in Wisconsin. Hospital and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assertive_community_treatment

However, medical robots can increase costs. The market was valued at $1,781 million in 2013. Hospital and pharmacy robots ... Medical robots can be categorized in five segments: surgery, rehabilitation, non-invasive radiosurgery, hospital and pharmacy ... A cost-minimisation analysis". BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 121 (12): 1546-53. doi:10.1111/1471- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robot_economics

This was confirmed on 26 September 2018, with completion of the hospital in 2020 likely to cost an additional £120m, due to ... Hospitals in Liverpool, Hospital buildings completed in 1978, NHS hospitals in England, Teaching hospitals in England, ... Alongside Broadgreen Hospital and Liverpool University Dental Hospital, the hospital is managed by the Liverpool University ... The old hospital had 685 beds. The new hospital has 640 beds and there are 21 'transfer of care' beds opening at the nearby ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Liverpool_University_Hospital

"Cancer Issue Costs Doctor State License". The New York Times. John L. Hess (February 21, 1976). "Records of Day Schools Sought ... Whitestone Hospital was a 103-bed general hospital (births, deaths, in-between) with notable patients. It was located in the ... at Whitestone General Hospital "2 Nursing Homes in State And 2 Hospitals Draw Fines". The New York Times. April 27, 1976. " ... The hospital was also known as Whitestone General Hospital. Whitestone was initially operated by one partnership and, beginning ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitestone_Hospital

Later that year, Chiang and fellow legislator Lee Chen-nan accused Taipei Veterans General Hospital superintendent Chang Mau- ... Low, Stephanie (19 October 2002). "Legislators look to cut personnel costs". Taipei Times. Retrieved 26 March 2017. " ... Chuang, Jimmy (19 May 2003). "Allegations haunt hospital manager". Taipei Times. Retrieved 26 March 2017. Ko, Shu-ling (21 June ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Chiang

... Adventist Hospital - A 110-bed community hospital affiliated with the Seventh-day Adventist Church A branch of Stanbic ... Adengo, Jonathan; Wesaka, Anthony (4 March 2016). "Banks merge branches to cut costs". Daily Monitor. Kampala. Retrieved 23 May ... Bushenyi Kabwohe List of hospitals in Uganda Bushenyi District "The Population of The Regions of the Republic of Uganda And All ... "About Ishaka Adventist Hospital". Electives.net. 23 May 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2016. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishaka

Additionally, it lowers hospital admissions costs. However, needs for palliative care are often unmet whether due to lack of ... Smith, Samantha; Brick, Aoife; O'Hara, Sinéad; Normand, Charles (1 February 2014). "Evidence on the cost and cost-effectiveness ... The cost of healthcare for end-of-life patients is 13% of annual healthcare spending in the U.S. However, of the group of ... While hospitals focus on treating the disease, hospices focus on improving patient quality-of-life until death. A common ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_illness

Carillion's joint venture, the Hospital Company, was to build it at a capital cost of £297m and provide hard facilities ... In March 2018, Skanska negotiated to take over the hospital's construction, with the project 18 months late and likely to cost ... Price, David (26 March 2018). "Carillion understated hospital costs by £70m". Construction News. Retrieved 26 March 2018. Morby ... Morby, Aaron (20 April 2018). "Carillion's Midlands Pf2 hospital to cost extra £125m". Construction Enquirer. Retrieved 20 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandwell_and_West_Birmingham_Hospitals_NHS_Trust

The new hospital will have 670 beds and 15 operating theatre suites. The total capital cost was forecast to be £297 million of ... NHS hospitals in England, Hospitals in the West Midlands (county), Teaching hospitals in England). ... In March 2018, Skanska negotiated to take over the hospital's construction, with the project 18 months late and likely to cost ... Morby, Aaron (9 January 2019). "Trust to split cost savings on Midland Met hospital job". Construction Enquirer. Retrieved 10 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midland_Metropolitan_University_Hospital

Kreling, D. H., Mott, D. A., & Wiederholt, J. B. (1997). Why are prescription drug costs rising. Hospital, 1994(1995), 1996. ... Cost utilization consists of techniques that attempt to reduce insurer costs. The three main cost utilization measures are ... The amount of cost-sharing an enrollee pays depends on the retail cost of the filled drug, the rules of their plan, and whether ... After accounting for these offsets, the net federal cost of Part D was about 70 billion dollars. Medicare Part D Cost ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicare_Part_D

This was confirmed on 26 September 2018, with completion of the hospital in 2020 (later delayed to autumn 2022) likely to cost ... Oakville-Trafalgar Memorial Hospital, Brampton Civic Hospital and Sault Area Hospital. The Alberta government made $8.9m ... Aaron, Morby (20 April 2018). "Carillion's Midlands Pf2 hospital to cost extra £125m". Construction Enquirer. Archived from the ... Morby, Aaron (17 January 2020). "NAO raises alarm over cost of finishing Carillion hospitals". Construction Enquirer. Archived ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carillion

... invest in low-cost index funds and exchange-traded funds. The investor should be very watchful of costs as some indices are ... Swensen died from kidney cancer at Yale New Haven Hospital on May 5, 2021, aged 67. In February 2009, Swensen was named to a ... the Yale-New Haven Hospital, The Investment Fund for Foundations (TIFF), the Edna McConnell Clark Foundation, and the States of ... long-term gains it may have produced for colleges and universities in the past must now be weighed more fully against its costs ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_F._Swensen

Kamal angrily asks if the cost of hundreds of lives (at Nirmal building) justified the bribe. Kamal finally arrests Kimtilal. ... Kimtilal says that had he not bribed the doctor at the government hospital, his wife would have succumbed to pregnancy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kala_Bazaar

A local hospital is named after him. In 1894, Chekhov began writing his play The Seagull in a lodge he had built in the orchard ... Chekhov's expenditure on drugs was considerable, but the greatest cost was making journeys of several hours to visit the sick, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton_Chekhov

New Sinai MDI Hospital and Medical Center, Marian Hospital, Balibago Polyclinic and Hospital, St. James Hospital in Dita, Sta. ... is increasing due to the low cost of calls and text messaging. Globe Telecom, Smart Communications (PLDT), and Dito ... The Santa Rosa Community Hospital is the primary public hospital of Santa Rosa. The city also hosts at least seven other ... Rosa Hospital and Medical Center along RSBS Boulevard in Balibago, The Medical City South Luzon in Greenfield City, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Rosa,_Laguna

"Transferimi 'low cost', Sadiku huazohet te Vaduzi" ['Low cost' transfer, Sadiku loaned to Vaduz] (in Albanian). Top Channel. 12 ... "Espanyol goalkeeper Lopez taken to hospital". FourFourTwo. 4 March 2018. Archived from the original on 5 March 2018. Retrieved ... "Blick: Sadiku kushtoi 1.5 milionë, Panathinaikosi hoqi dorë nga videoja" [Blick: Sadiku costed €1.5 million, Panathinaikos quit ... he was replaced at half time while López was sent to hospital. Sadiku then underwent surgery on his nose. He concluded the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armando_Sadiku

The Industrial Therapy Building was implemented in 1963 with a total cost of $505,000. Patients were assigned for instruction ... Hospitals in British Columbia, Psychiatric hospitals in Canada, Hospitals established in 1913, Arboreta in Canada, Defunct ... The hospital itself is now called the Provincial Mental Hospital, Essondale. In 1983 the West Lawn building was closed. In 1984 ... At one time Riverview Hospital was known as Essondale Hospital, for Dr. Henry Esson Young (1862-1939) who played an important ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riverview_Hospital_(Coquitlam)

The GMERS Medical college with an 800-bed hospital was also set up in Valsad in 2014. Many colleges offer various courses in ... The museum was developed by Valsad municipality at a cost of Rs. 4 crores. The museum was inaugurated by former Chief Minister ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valsad_district

This sum did not include any financing cost. The government assured a consortium for both construction purposes and operation. ... Several other services are also to be in operation, including hospitals, frequent-flyer and VIP lounges, prayer rooms, ... Garner-Purkis, Zac; Hurst, Will (10 October 2019). "Investigation: the human cost of building the world's biggest airport". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul_Airport

The Negroes have been working since 1925 to get a hospital of their own, but Whit wouldn't agree. 'Lynchburg Hospital belongs ... As a cost-saving measure, secondary elevations are laid in five-course American bond. Like the building at 612 Fifth Street, ... Many casualties from the hospitals throughout town were sent to what is now known as the Old City Cemetery (118-0027) at Fourth ... He was the first African American to be allowed to practice at Lynchburg General Hospital, and became a well-known tennis coach ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_Street_Historic_District

Before Anita and her sisters return to Hong Kong, she returns the book to Richard, who is recuperating in the hospital. After ... no matter the human cost. At the end of the TV Series, he is seen recovering from a comatose state after being "force-fed" part ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R.O.D_the_TV

The high cost of this vaccine has been a cause for concern. Several countries have considered (or are considering) programs to ... A radical abdominal trachelectomy with lymphadenectomy usually only requires a two- to three-day hospital stay, and most women ... Other concerns is the cost of doing Pap tests, which make them unaffordable in many areas of the world. Confirmation of the ... However, the vaccine is still available at no cost to Japanese women who choose to accept the vaccination. Vitamin A is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer

Pennsylvania Hospital was the first hospital in the colonies. In 1752, Franklin organized the Philadelphia Contributionship, ... One line of argument in Parliament was that Americans should pay a share of the costs of the French and Indian War and ... "IN THE BEGINNING - The Story of the Creation of the Nation's First Hospital". Penn Medicine. Archived from the original on ... In 1751, Franklin and Thomas Bond obtained a charter from the Pennsylvania legislature to establish a hospital. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin

The designated public hospital is Lyndon B. Johnson Hospital in northeast Houston. Harris County operates a tax office at 701 ... The median cost without a mortgage was $422. Baytown had a median gross rent of $938. In 2010 the American Community Survey ... The median value of owner-occupied housing units was $133,900 in 2019 and the median monthly cost with a mortgage was $1,360. ... "A Proud History of Caring for More Than 45 Years." Harris County Hospital District. Retrieved on February 9, 2012. "Clinic/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baytown,_Texas

El Paso's newest hospital, The Hospitals of Providence Transmountain Campus opened in Northwest El Paso on January 27, 2017. ... "City Looking at Cost of Installing Restrooms in all Parks". KVIA. February 3, 2015. Archived from the original on February 6, ... The 106-bed teaching hospital is a collaboration between Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso and The Hospitals ... El Paso Children's Hospital, and Providence Memorial Hospital. University Medical Center is the only level I trauma center in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas

While in Paris, he was happy to continue seeing Scott, who had enlisted as a nurse and worked at a hospital in France. Baker ... The plane was generally easy to crash-land if necessary, something he had done previously at the cost of a few broken ribs. ... Hobart Amory Hare, who was the obstetrician at his birth and president of the Jefferson Medical Hospital in Philadelphia. At ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hobey_Baker

... none were awarded and the idea was abandoned in 1923 on the grounds of excessive cost. The British War Medal was awarded to all ... for eligibility were applied to members of the Women's Auxiliary Forces and staff of officially recognised military hospitals ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_War_Medal

In 1994, Carlos was scheduled to undergo a minor testicular operation in a hospital in Sudan. Two days after the operation, ... Ramírez Sánchez was awarded €10,000 for costs and expenses, having made no claim for compensation for damage. In 2006, he was ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_the_Jackal

But now, the production house wants to bring down the cost further to make up for the losses as a result of the lockdown. But ... A week-long shoot was held at a memorial home near Government General Hospital in Chennai, before the team also shot scenes at ... "A crane accident on set of Indian 2 costs three lives and raises questions on safety measures". The Times of India. Archived ... However, Raju backed out producing the film, citing the high production costs involved, and later Allirajah Subaskaran of Lyca ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_2

King James VI Hospital now occupies the Priory's former location. The Carthusian Order has its origin in the 11th century at La ... Of the Priory buildings, said to be 'of wondrous cost and greatness', nothing survives above ground. Excavations have failed to ... By 1434, the priory had control of the Hospital of St Mary Magdalene and the house of Augustinian canonesses of St Leonard, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perth_Charterhouse

Savundra was eventually placed in the prison hospital, where he became addicted to drugs to control persistent pain. Whilst he ... Savundra committed bribery and fraud on an international scale before settling in the UK to sell low-cost insurance in the fast ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emil_Savundra

"Wentworth-Douglass reduces costs following Mass General merger". Foster's Daily Democrat. Retrieved January 17, 2022.{{cite ... allowing the hospital to be designated a Class A Hospital by the American Hospital Association. In 1954, the hospital changed ... a health care system founded by Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital. The hospital offers a range of ... In 1961 the hospital changed its name to what it is today, Wentworth-Douglass Hospital, in honor of the Douglass's donations. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wentworth-Douglass_Hospital

On 19 November 2012 O'Sullivan and his wife, Tracy, set up the low-cost health clinic "Te Kohanga Whakaora" (The Nest of ... Wellness). The clinic was based in the Kaitaia Hospital. The aim was to make basic healthcare accessible for people in the Far ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lance_O'Sullivan_(doctor)

Medical Health Association of the Child and Women Odesa City Hospital №1 Odesa City Hospital №2 Health Code Health Center ... that British students looking to return to their home country following graduation avoid this university at all costs. At ... The university is affiliated with following hospitals & clinical centres in Odesa. Perinatal Odesa Center Odesa Territory. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa_International_Medical_University

He died in St Elizabeth Hospital, Dayton, Ohio in 1902 having been a TB patient there, for some months, in the care of the ... to his great cost. Without knowing it, he was a "Revolutionary Priest" although, a believer in non-violence. Scollen's ... Unfortunately, he died in 1911, still at the hospital and the seminary now has no record of what happened to them. To date, no- ... During his three years in St Elizabeth hospital, Dayton, it is possible that the seminary would have placed his papers in safe ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantine_Scollen

If, however, the RHC is owned by a hospital with more than fifty beds the cost-based reimbursement is capped at $83.45 per ... This methodology required that RHCs submit cost reports in order for states to determine reasonable costs for personnel, ... If an RHC is owned by a hospital with fewer than fifty beds, there is no cap for the cost-based reimbursement. ... This is different from most medical providers in the United States, which are paid based on the cost of the services provided ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rural_health_clinic

Colonel Grimailo's succeeded in tying up the panzers in the woods southeast of Miasoedovo it came at a cost. By dawn on July 11 ... In the process they captured the ruins of two hospitals forcing the defending 44th and 371st Infantry Divisions to withdraw up ... at the cost of between 20-34 armored vehicles. Once this was accomplished the German division moved a company of tanks to its ... 4th Guards Field Bakery 12th Guards Divisional Veterinary Hospital 112th Field Postal Station 368th Field Office of the State ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_Guards_Rifle_Division

Hospitals and schools were opened in Poland by the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee and ORT to provide service to ... The majority of Jewish claimants could not afford the restitution process without financial help, due to the filing costs, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Poland

For 2001 the series had a new set of reduced-cost rules, fewer big-name drivers as a result, and Vauxhall had by far the best ... including Stoke Mandeville Hospital's specialist burns unit, Plato was able to compete in the following weekend's final race in ... He was taken from the scene by former BTCC driver Phil Bennett and after treatment at three hospitals, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jason_Plato

The state would have had to pay preliminary engineering costs, but Kay said that these and other upfront costs would be ... Green Line - a proposed rail line in Baltimore from Johns Hopkins Hospital to Morgan State University. Yellow Line - a proposed ... Heavy rail was dismissed by Flanagan as an alternative, due to an estimated cost of $2.2 billion to $2.6 billion. With ... During his 2014 campaign, Hogan had complained about the cost of the proposed Red Line for Baltimore and a proposed Purple Line ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Line_(Baltimore)

... regardless of days spent in the hospital. Additionally, length of stay in hospital can be linked to additional quality metrics ... While the mean length of stay is useful from the point of view of costs, it may be a poor statistic in terms of representing a ... The prospective payment system in U.S. Medicare for reimbursing hospital care promotes shorter length of stay by paying the ... Discharge planning processes can be effective in reducing a patients length of stay in hospital. For example, for older people ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Length_of_stay

By setting separate spending maximums for each hospital, his small staff has been able to spread the cost of uncompensated care ... By setting separate spending maximums for each hospital, his small staff has been able to spread the cost of uncompensated care ... One States Hospital Cost Solution: Regulated Prices. by Christine Vestal, Stateline March 29, 2011 ... One States Hospital Cost Solution: Regulated Prices. by Christine Vestal, Stateline March 29, 2011 ...

https://stateline.org/2011/03/29/one-states-hospital-cost-solution-regulated-prices/

Can the nations hospitals go green and save money in the process? According to a new study, the adoption of a range of ... S. Kaplan, B. Sadler, K. Little, C. Franz et al., Can Sustainable Hospitals Help Bend the Health Care Cost Curve?, The ... After standardizing metrics across the hospitals studied and generalizing results to hospitals nationwide, the analysis finds ... As policymakers seek to rein in the nations escalating health care costs, one area deserving attention is the health systems ...

https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2012/nov/can-sustainable-hospitals-help-bend-health-care-cost-curve

"It is important to state that there is no one cost for a hospital bed. The cost is dependent on the nature of the bed (day, ... "If a new hospital was to be built with the average case mix of work and cost of the existing system, the annual daily running ... The capital cost of new hospital build is estimated at €1 million per bed," the HSE said in answer to a parliamentary question. ... Extra 2,500 hospital beds could cost €1m each, HSE warns. Body says new building would be needed to absorb the necessary ...

https://www.irishtimes.com/news/health/extra-2-500-hospital-beds-could-cost-1m-each-hse-warns-1.3351253

... the hospitals might simply shift the costs to patients who pay charges, which would force up commercial insurers rates ... commercial insurance companies worried that if the government tried to solve its fiscal problems simply by tightening up cost- ... the hospitals might simply shift the costs to patients who pay charges, which would force up commercial insurers rates and ... Hospital Financing: Public Accountability-The Case of Rates Prospectively Determined by State Agencies for All Patients. ...

https://theincidentaleconomist.com/wordpress/early-concerns-of-hospital-cost-shifting/

There is little agreement on how hospitals should address operating room wastefulness. Each hospital or hospital system handles ... One such sponge can cost close to $4,000.. The researchers projected that wasted supplies could cost $2.9 million a year in ... As health care costs continue to skyrocket, it is important to look for ways to contain them, said Dr. Michael Lawton, a ... This allows hospitals to save money and cut down on the volume of disposable supplies that end up in landfill. ...

https://www.healthleadersmedia.com/finance/tossing-unused-surgical-supplies-wastes-millions-dollars?page=0%2C2

Explore a comprehensive list of world-class accredited hospitals for Cornea Transplant treatment in India. Request for Free ... Apollo Hospital ,Bangalore. Bangalore, India. 1956 reviews. *Apollo hospital in Bangalore is a 250 bed hospital which is spread ... The hospital accommodates 37 hospital centers for 20 different specialties.. *The hospital is equipped with recent technology. ... Apollo Hospital Bangalore was ranked the 2nd best multispecialty hospital.. *One of the centers in Apollo Hospital Bangalore is ...

https://www.tourmyindia.com/medical-tourism/hospitals/ophthalmology/cornea-transplant/india/all/jci

... ... 2000)‎. Analysis of hospital costs : a manual for managers / Donald S. Shepard, Dominic Hodgkin, Yvonne Anthony. https:// ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/42197

Learn more about how our cost estimator tool can help you understand/prepare for medical services you or a loved one may ... Cost Estimator. Our Cost Estimator is a convenient way for you to estimate your out-of-pocket costs for a procedure or service ... Your cost estimate is, as its title states, only an estimate of your final cost. Final out-of-pocket cost is dependent on ... Cost Estimator Disclaimer. The costs contained in the Cost Estimator are not necessarily equivalent to your actual final ...

https://www.centralcarolinahosp.com/cost-estimator

Adoption of virtual reality technology may be delayed due to high up-front costs with unknown returns on that investment. In ... Comparative Cost of Virtual.... Comparative Cost of Virtual Reality Training and Live Exercises for Training Hospital Workers ... Initially, virtual reality is more expensive, with a cost of $229.79 per participant (total cost $18 617.54 per exercise) for ... the virtual exercise becomes less expensive with a cost of $115.43 per participant, while the cost of live exercises remains ...

https://www.nursingcenter.com/journalarticle?Article_ID=5857743&Journal_ID=54020&Issue_ID=5857686

Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Hospital Infection Control Response to an Epidemic Respiratory Virus Threat Yock Young Dan, Paul ... Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Hospital Infection Control Response to an Epidemic Respiratory Virus Threat. ... Cost based on alert policy, direct and indirect. Once Daily recurring. Activation: US$110,000 Green: US$4,000 Yellow: US$76,000 ... persons exposed in 1 day in hospital per index case (nonlinear). 15 (average for 2 days) 6 (average for 5 days). 2-30. ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/content/15/12/1909-t2.htm

It seems we cant find what youre looking for. Perhaps searching can help.. ...

https://newstodaynet.com/tag/meenakshi-hospital-cost-effective-purifying-respirator-system/

This report is the first to allow meaningful comparisons of costs for acute admitted patients in public hospitals. Through ... Hospitals Hospital Performance: Costs of acute admitted patients in public hospitals in 2011-12 ... These hospitals represent approximately 80% of the cost of Australian public hospitals.1 Of the 429 public hospitals, 124 were ... National Hospital Cost Data Collection. The NHCDC is a voluntary collection of public hospital costs, collected by financial ...

https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/hospitals/hospital-performance-costs-acute-patients-2011-12/contents/technical-supplement/data-sources

... and reimbursement has not kept pace with costs. Rising implant prices are a major driver of hospital spending on these ... Orthopedic hospital uses price point strategy to lower implant costs. By: OR Manager ... The Joint Commission seeking comments on proposed new infection control requirements for hospitals, critical access hospitals ... Rising implant prices are a major driver of hospital spending on these procedures. As the aging US population creates growing ...

https://www.ormanager.com/orthopedic-hospital-uses-price-point-strategy-to-lower-implant-costs/

... which may result in cost-shifting between payers and increased costs. This policy brief ... Dual eligibiles-persons enrolled in both Medicare and Medicaid-are among the highest cost beneficiaries of publicly funded ... which may result in cost-shifting between payers and increased costs. This policy brief focuses on implications of care ... We document the cost shifting from Medicaid to Medicare resulting from rehospitalization of dual eligible nursing facility ...

https://www.dshs.wa.gov/ffa/rda/research-reports/patterns-hospital-readmissions-and-nursing-facility-utilization-among-washington-state-dual-eligibles-opportunities-improved-outcomes-and-cost-savings

Check costs, get second opinion at Max Hospital, best robotic surgery hospital. ... Book online appointment with the best robotic surgery doctor in Max Hospital, India for today, tomorrow or future dates. ... Hospitals in Delhi / NCR Hospitals in Punjab Hospitals in Uttarakhand Hospitals in Mumbai ... Our Hospital Network Back Delhi NCR Back Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket ...

https://www.maxhealthcare.in/procedure/india/robotic-surgery-doctors-in-india

... hospitals response to the Ebola crisis in 2014 cost, conservatively, some $360 million. The study, published … ... A national study by doctors at Rhode Island Hospital estimates U.S. ...

https://www.providencejournal.com/story/news/2017/03/15/study-by-ri-doctors-says-ebola-response-cost-us-hospitals-some-360-million/21964811007/

Find your city and choose the procedure you need to review facility options and help you compare procedure costs! ... assumes no responsibility or liability for any advice, price, cost, treatment, debts, or services performed or obtained by any ... Idaho offers a number of leading medical facilities, including hospitals and stand alone medical facilities, and New Choice ... obtains its information from proprietary cost analysis algorithms and third party independent sources which it believes are ...

https://www.newchoicehealth.com/places/idaho

When a patient arrives at Bayonne Hospital Center in New Jersey requiring treatment for the respiratory ailment known as COPD, ... or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, she faces hospital prices of $99,690. ... Hospital Prices No Longer Secret As New Data Reveals Bewildering System, Staggering Cost Differences. May 8, 2013. /0 Comments/ ... 52Hospital Prices No Longer Secret As New Data Reveals Bewildering System, Staggering Cost Differences. ...

https://joemiller.us/2013/05/hospital-prices-no-longer-secret-as-new-data-reveals-bewildering-system-staggering-cost-differences/

This content is solely intended as general information and an education resource. This information should not be used to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease or injury, and is not intended to substitute for timely, direct medical care and treatment from a licensed health care provider. © 2023 Holland Hospital.. ...

https://www.hollandhospital.org/patients-visitors/cost-estimates/request

Find a cost comparison to other providers in Boston, MA and see your potential savings. ... Anna Jaques Hospital procedure pricing information for an Angioplasty (PTCA) can be found listed below. ... Newton-Wellesley Hospital. Newton. Acute Care Hospital. Free Quote. NSMC Union Hospital. Lynn. Acute Care Hospital. Free Quote ... Brigham and Womens Hospital. Boston. Acute Care Hospital. Free Quote. Brockton Hospital. Brockton. Acute Care Hospital. Free ...

https://newchoicehealth.com/f/220029/anna-jaques-hospital/angioplasty-ptca

Payment source and the cost of hospital care: evidence from a multiproduct cost function with multiple payers. J Health Econ. ... Top-scoring hospitals received an accreditation status of A; class A hospitals tended to be the large teaching hospitals, while ... A total of 24 hospitals, representing 31.6% of the hospital beds in Lebanon, provided information for the study; 18 hospitals ... Teaching hospitals were associated with higher costs compared with non-teaching hospitals (b = 2.1115, P = 0.001). In addition ...

http://www.emro.who.int/ar/emhj-volume-21-2015/volume-21-issue-6/association-between-payer-mix-and-costs-revenues-and-profitability-a-cross-sectional-study-of-lebanese-hospitals.html

Study Assesses Excess Cost Associated with Post-Operative Complications among Veterans in VA Hospitals. BACKGROUND:. Post- ... Among the 16 complications that were significantly related to cost, the estimated excess costs ranged from $8,234 for " ... excess cost associated with the complication was calculated as the difference between the predicted cost with the complication ... Costs Associated with Surgical Site Infections. (05/21/2014). * Veterans Living Greater Distance from VA or Any Transplant ...

https://www.hsrd.research.va.gov/research/citations/PubBriefs/articles.cfm?RecordID=376

Hospital Bill Shocker: U.S. Releases Thousands Of Records Showing Huge, Wildly Differing Prices ... Hospitals used to base prices on health care costs and on the need for profit that would, among other things, enable them to ... At two hospitals in the Los Angeles area, the cost of the same treatment for pneumonia varies by $100,000, according to the ... Thats almost 12 times what the same treatment costs at Russell Hospital about an hour away in Alexander City, Ala., and about ...

https://www.huffpost.com/entry/hospital-prices-cost-differences_n_3232678?utm_hp_ref=politics&ir=Politics

Knowledge of hospital acquisition costs of antibiotics among physicians in a community hospital. Hospital Pharmacy. 2002 Aug;37 ... Knowledge of hospital acquisition costs of antibiotics among physicians in a community hospital. In: Hospital Pharmacy. 2002 ; ... Knowledge of hospital acquisition costs of antibiotics among physicians in a community hospital. Hospital Pharmacy, 37(8), 833- ... Knowledge of hospital acquisition costs of antibiotics among physicians in a community hospital, Hospital Pharmacy, vol. 37, ...

https://experts.nebraska.edu/en/publications/knowledge-of-hospital-acquisition-costs-of-antibiotics-among-phys

... treatment and Leave Ratings for North Vista Hospital Inc in North Las Vegas, Nevada 89030 on Find Rehab Centers. ... Mental Health & Hospitals *Outpatient Rehab Centers *How to Choose a Rehab *Inpatient vs. Outpatient *Intervention * ... North Vista Hospital Inc goes a step further by supplying Special Language Services for example:. You can find special programs ... Offering Hospital inpatient treatment services, each customer gets in to individualized treatment program unique for their ...

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The Hospital Materials Management process deals with the coordination of all activities related to material ordering, holding, ... Cost savings in hospital materials management: Look-back versus look-ahead inventory policies. International Summit on ... The Hospital Materials Management process deals with the coordination of all activities related to material ordering, holding, ... It is usually treated with a lookback approach, by which materials are pushed into the hospital on the basis of a demand ...

https://www.hilarispublisher.com/proceedings/cost-savings-in-hospital-materials-management-lookback-versus-lookahead-inventory-policies-2710.html

Today, after nearly 3 decades, Apollo Hospitals, Hyderabad has emerged as the most renowned and trusted integrated Health City ... Senior Consultant Neonatologist Apollo Hospitals & Apollo Cradle Hospitals Jubilee hills from 1999 to till date ... A treatment plan includes detailed information about Cost Estimates for treatment, Profile of Doctor who will be treating you, ... This is a hospital visit by a suspected allergy patient like asthmatics or request for review by allergy specialists. It is ...

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Consult Cardiologist Doctors for Second Opinion , Video/Email/Chat ...

http://healthkonnect.com/en/doctors/cardiologist

Number of hospital admissions for pneumonia and acute bronchitis doubled since 1981. The number of hospital admissions for ... Midwifery practices: more costs, more revenues. 25/11/2002 10:00. Articles ... Short hospital stays, few smokers: the Netherlands versus the EU. Compared with other countries in Europe, in the Netherlands ... Development of a survival model for unexpectedly long hospital stays. Survival model for the indicator for unexpectedly long ...

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Our objective was to provide a national estimate across all payers of the distribution and cost of selected chronic conditions for hospitalized adults in 2009, stratified by demographic characteristics. (cdc.gov)
The hospital costs represent the hospital's costs to produce the services-not the amount paid for services by payers-and they do not include the physician fees associated with the hospitalization. (nih.gov)
We are unable to "price match" another facility's or provider's cost estimate as our estimates are based on contractual agreements with third party payers like health insurance companies. (centralcarolinahosp.com)
Healthcare costs are based on contractual agreements with third party payers, like health insurance companies, and other factors, and thus are subject to potential fluctuations. (centralcarolinahosp.com)
They are currently served through a fragmented delivery system in which health care providers have conflicting incentives and incomplete information, which may result in cost-shifting between payers and increased costs. (wa.gov)
This should initiate/inform discussions between public and private payers and hospitals about the level of payment and its association with hospital sector financial viability. (who.int)

As more and more doctors set up outside operations such as ambulatory surgery centers, medical imaging and diagnostic testing in smaller facilities, regulated hospitals stand to lose business to these less-expensive providers. (stateline.org)
The hospital accommodates 37 hospital centers for 20 different specialties. (tourmyindia.com)
The Cost Estimator includes 70 pre-determined services designated by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), as well as at least 230 of the most commonly accessed services at our facilities. (centralcarolinahosp.com)
Separate cost centers must be established for each discrete bed unit for purposes of allocating or distributing allowable routine costs to the discrete unit. (nih.gov)
For hospital facilities, costs obtained from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP NIS) (Appendix 2) were converted from total charges using cost-to-charge ratios based on hospital accounting reports from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. (nih.gov)

In order to improve price transparency and the patient experience, University Hospitals offers a price estimator tool for various hospital and lab tests and procedures. (uhhospitals.org)
To use our estimator tool, you will need to supply your insurance policy information, including insurance company, member ID, and date of birth, so we can accurately calculate the costs you may be responsible for. (uhhospitals.org)
We recommend that all patients utilize the Cost Estimator tool to determine an estimate for their out-of-pocket costs, refer to the additional information on this page and then reach out to their health insurer or a patient services representative at 919-708-4660 with any further questions specific to their individual situation. (centralcarolinahosp.com)

Since then, however, state and federal health officials have opted for letting the market regulate prices, banking on increased competition among managed care and health maintenance organizations to keep costs down. (stateline.org)
The availability of substitutive Hospital at Home care was associated with apparently lower costs for the care of patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or with exacerbation of congestive heart failure in 3 Medicare managed care settings and at a Department of Veterans Affairs medical center. (ajmc.com)

Utilization in the 8 weeks following discharge were no different when Hospital at Home care was available. (ajmc.com)
The data source for this study is the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), the largest all-payer inpatient database in the United States (4). (cdc.gov)
This Statistical Brief presents data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) on costs of hospital inpatient stays in the United States in 2013. (nih.gov)
We find that: 1) Medicare-paid nursing facility utilization has increased while Medicaid-paid nursing facility utilization has declined for dual eligibles in Washington State, 2) hospitalizations frequently restart Medicare payments for nursing facility stays, and 3) identifying dual beneficiaries at high risk of hospital readmission and nursing facilities with persistently low or high hospital readmission rates appears feasible. (wa.gov)

The NIS is designed to approximate a 20% sample of US community hospitals, defined by the American Hospital Association as "all nonfederal, short-term, general, and other specialty hospitals, excluding hospital units of institutions. (cdc.gov)
The cost is dependent on the nature of the bed (day, critical care etc), the specialty and where the bed will be delivered (existing hospital, extension, new development). (irishtimes.com)
It is a 710 bedded multi-specialty tertiary acute care hospital along with 50 specialty institutes. (tourmyindia.com)

In the decade that followed, hospital expenditures in those places declined. (stateline.org)
Nationwide, expenses for hospital inpatient care remain the largest component of total health care expenditures. (cdc.gov)

First, the Institute of Medicine found that the emergency medicine system is in crisis in part because emergency departments are unable to find inpatient hospital beds to send acutely ill patients. (ajmc.com)
This universe of US community hospitals is divided into strata by 5 hospital characteristics: ownership/control, number of beds, teaching status, urban/rural location, and US region. (cdc.gov)
The 2,500 extra hospital beds envisaged under the Government's new plan for tackling overcrowding could cost €1 million per bed to provide, the HSE has estimated. (irishtimes.com)
The department suggested at the time that the construction and capital cost of each new bed would be about €325,000, although some sources suggested this could have been based on providing additional beds in existing facilities. (irishtimes.com)
The HSE has signalled, however, that existing hospital infrastructure could not absorb the provision of hundreds or thousands of additional beds, highlighting the need for new building work. (irishtimes.com)
The Irish Times reported on Saturday that the review would recommend the provision of an additional 2,000- 2,500 hospital beds if the Sláintecare reforms were implemented and up to 9,000 additional beds if the health system remained unchanged. (irishtimes.com)
Some months ago the HSE told Fianna Fáil health spokesman Billy Kelleher that the existing hospital infrastructure could not accommodate the provision of up to 2,000 additional acute beds. (irishtimes.com)
The HSE forecast that providing an additional 500 beds would cost €500 million in capital costs with an additional bill of €153million each year to operate them. (irishtimes.com)
The additional running costs for 2,000 extra hospital beds would be €613 million each year as well as €2 billion in capital costs. (irishtimes.com)
9 acre sized hospital with 400 beds. (tourmyindia.com)
The hospital has more than 1250 number of beds in its hospital premises. (tourmyindia.com)
The researchers used a University of North Carolina database to identify rural U.S. hospitals with more than 25 beds that closed between 2005 and 2016. (nih.gov)

To compare the cost of substitutive Hospital at Home care versus traditional inpatient care for older patients with community-acquired pneumonia, exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, exacerbation of congestive heart failure, or cellulitis. (ajmc.com)
Total costs seem to be lower when substitutive Hospital at Home care is available for patients with congestive heart failure or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (ajmc.com)
Costs were lower for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or congestive heart failure but not for patients with community-acquired pneumonia. (ajmc.com)

Hospital facility costs and physician charges for hospital and ambulatory care include only non-Federal hospitals and physicians, and, therefore, underestimate the total costs of hospital care and ambulatory care for digestive diseases in the United States. (nih.gov)
Federal hospitals and physicians include those of the armed services, Department of Veterans Affairs, and the Indian Health Service. (nih.gov)
Approximately 10 percent of care in the United States is provided by non-reported hospitals and physicians. (nih.gov)

One such procedure involves providing caseworkers for patients who are discharged from the hospital to help them plan their care after leaving so they are less likely to be readmitted for preventable reasons. (stateline.org)
Self Service/on-line estimates provide hospital costs for care and do not include the professional services associated with their procedure. (uhhospitals.org)
Laboratory and procedure costs were lower with Hospital at Home care. (ajmc.com)
A "feedback system," Lawton explained, would allow them to compare where they stand relative to their peers in terms of cost per procedure. (healthleadersmedia.com)
Our Cost Estimator is a convenient way for you to estimate your out-of-pocket costs for a procedure or service. (centralcarolinahosp.com)
One patient's needs may be vastly different from another's, even though they come to the hospital for the same procedure. (centralcarolinahosp.com)

PRINCETON, N.J. , March 22, 2017 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- New Jersey's hospitals and health systems averted 77,342 cases of patient harm and saved $641 million in healthcare costs between 2012 and 2016, thanks to their participation in a national quality improvement program. (prnewswire.com)
The initiative continues in 2017, with NJHA selected last year to remain as one of just 16 "hospital improvement innovation networks," now moved under the umbrella of the Medicare program to focus on improved care for the program's beneficiaries. (prnewswire.com)

The 2009 NIS includes all discharge data from 1,050 hospitals that were selected for the sample, a total of 7,810,762 unweighted discharges. (cdc.gov)

This exercise requires valid estimates of the change in costs and benefits from additional prevention programs ( 6 , 7 ). (cdc.gov)
Monetary estimates of all costs were made by multiplying frequency with a cost vector for the item of service ( 9 - 12 ). (cdc.gov)
Additionally, cost estimates may not include some specific services, like physician/provider services and pathology services, that are not provided by the hospital and may be billed separately, as well as any unforeseen charges based on ultimate length of stay and any unexpected complications that may arise. (centralcarolinahosp.com)
Where possible, an attempt was made to provide cost estimates by ICD codes for each digestive disease with a substantial economic impact. (nih.gov)
The methodology used to derive cost estimates for digestive diseases is briefly described here. (nih.gov)

In addition, the state's Medicaid program has not suffered the same kind of spiraling cost increases other states have experienced. (stateline.org)
Dual eligibiles-persons enrolled in both Medicare and Medicaid-are among the highest cost beneficiaries of publicly funded medical care. (wa.gov)
This policy brief focuses on implications of care transitions between hospital and nursing facility settings, in the context of a nursing facility benefit currently fragmented between Medicare and Medicaid. (wa.gov)
We document the cost shifting from Medicaid to Medicare resulting from rehospitalization of dual eligible nursing facility residents, and the net increase in costs from these events. (wa.gov)

The New Jersey Hospital Association, based in Princeton , is a nonprofit trade association representing hospitals, health systems and post-acute care providers across the state. (prnewswire.com)
Hospital at Home is a model of care that provides hospital-level care to a patient in his or her home and substitutes entirely for an acute hospital admission. (ajmc.com)
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2015) Hospital Performance: Costs of acute admitted patients in public hospitals in 2011-12 , AIHW, Australian Government, accessed 03 June 2023. (aihw.gov.au)
This report is the first to allow meaningful comparisons of costs for acute admitted patients in public hospitals. (aihw.gov.au)

Hospital facility costs (Table 2, column 2) were taken from the 2004 HCUP NIS, a representative sample of hospital discharges from non-Federal hospitals in the United States (Appendix 2). (nih.gov)
Data on number of hospital discharges with a diagnosis of each digestive disease, as well as length of stay and procedures performed at those visits, were taken from the 2004 HCUP NIS. (nih.gov)

As policymakers seek to rein in the nation's escalating health care costs, one area deserving attention is the health system's costly environmental footprint. (commonwealthfund.org)

In the early 1970s], the commercial insurance companies worried that if the government tried to solve its fiscal problems simply by tightening up cost-based reimbursement, the hospitals might simply shift the costs to patients who pay charges, which would force up commercial insurers' rates and make them less competitive with Blue Cross. (theincidentaleconomist.com)
Research patient care costs, whether expressed as a rate or an amount, shall be computed in an amount consistent with the principles and procedures used by the Medicare program for determining the portion of Medicare reimbursement based on reasonable costs. (nih.gov)

The researchers used the model to predict benefit-to-cost (B/C) ratios for single-family homes in 12 American cities in five different climate zones. (nih.gov)

A regulatory approach works in Maryland partly because all stakeholders - hospitals, doctors and patients - have bought into it. (stateline.org)

The urban hospitals that serve large numbers of uninsured Maryland patients are financially strong, instead of nearly bankrupt like most inner-city hospitals. (stateline.org)
Working Together to Make Healthcare Better: Partnership for Patients-NJ 2012-2016 is a progress report released by NJHA today that details five years of data documenting the improvements in care and the resulting healthcare cost savings. (prnewswire.com)
Patients with health insurance who contact Financial Counseling will be quoted an estimated amount that includes costs for UH hospital and UH professional services including unmet deductible, as well as co-pay or co-insurance amounts due as established by the health insurance plan. (uhhospitals.org)
Costs were analyzed across all patients, within each of the separate health systems, and by condition. (ajmc.com)
Patients with complex illness, defined as 3 or more chronic conditions, were found to have a disproportionately large association with hospital cost per year (2). (cdc.gov)
The primary objective of this study is to describe the distribution of multiple chronic conditions among patients hospitalized in US community hospitals in 2009. (cdc.gov)
Mr O'Brien made his comments to RTÉ radio after new figures compiled by nurses revealed there were 551 patients on trolleys in emergency departments or on wards awaiting admission to a hospital bed. (irishtimes.com)
Hospital Financing: Public Accountability-The Case of Rates Prospectively Determined by State Agencies for All Patients. (theincidentaleconomist.com)
Data were collected from surgical patients in the hospital and on 4 occasions postdischarge. (cdc.gov)
Little is known of the costs of postdischarge SSI, but 2studies suggest that they are large ( 3 - 5 ) with health services and patients incurring costs and subsequent production losses. (cdc.gov)
Four infection-control research nurses recruited participants and collected data during the hospital admission process and on 4 separate occasions after surgery by visiting the patients in their homes (data collection is illustrated in the Figure ). (cdc.gov)
The hospital has recently launched FemtoLasik surgery technique for the patients. (tourmyindia.com)
We do encourage all patients to contact their insurer or our business office to discuss their individual situations and determine the potential out-of-pocket costs of care they or a loved one may need. (centralcarolinahosp.com)
Our hospital offers our patients a reduced cost vaccine clinic. (vcahospitals.com)
New research reveals that rural hospital closures nationwide are compromising the ability of nearby hospitals to care for the resulting increase in patients while maintaining their financial well-being. (nih.gov)
The aim of this study was to estimate the direct financial costs of tooth avulsion in children based on stage of root maturity and the occurrence of ankylosis and to report patients ' characteristics and outcomes of treatment . (bvsalud.org)
This includes patients for whom some third-party payer, such as a city, county, or State government, might pay hospitalization expenses in some other hospital but has no responsibility to pay in the hospital in which the approved clinical research is being conducted. (nih.gov)
The investigator has a special responsibility in making the decision to include patients in this group with full charges to the grant, since NIH expects the patient and/or third party to pay the total costs of usual care. (nih.gov)

In 2016, Caldwell Memorial Hospital in North Carolina, for instance, reported that it saved $2.62 million over two months with a lean strategy. (afflink.com)

When the research extends the period of hospitalization beyond that ordinarily required for usual care, or imposes procedures, tests or services beyond usual care, whether in an inpatient or outpatient setting, the grant may pay the additional costs. (nih.gov)

In 13 different categories, reflecting concerns such as post-surgical infections, patient falls, adverse drug events and hospital readmissions, New Jersey hospitals have achieved double-digit improvement in occurrence rates. (prnewswire.com)

The specific cost outcomes we seek to explain are listed in Table A1 . (cdc.gov)
Characteristics, treatment outcomes and direct costs of tooth avulsion in children treated at a major hospital. (bvsalud.org)

Proper hospital inventory management can be tricky: administrators and healthcare supply chain professionals must make sure their facilities have enough product to meet demand from doctors and nurses, but not too much that it negatively impacts the hospital's budget or takes up. (afflink.com)

Each separation for the purposes of this report represents an admission to hospital. (aihw.gov.au)

Physician and other hospital services not included. (uhhospitals.org)
Physician hospital charges (Table 2, column 3) include those for performing procedures and those for patient visits (rounds). (nih.gov)

According to a Survey by Nielsen for best hospitals in 2013, Apollo Hospital Bangalore was ranked the 2nd best multispecialty hospital. (tourmyindia.com)

Even today, hospital services account for only one-third of all health care costs. (stateline.org)
Determining the out-of-pocket costs of health care can be difficult. (uhhospitals.org)
Can Sustainable Hospitals Help Bend the Health Care Cost Curve? (commonwealthfund.org)
As health care costs continue to skyrocket, it is important to look for ways to contain them, said Dr. Michael Lawton, a neurosurgeon at UCSF and one of the study's authors. (healthleadersmedia.com)
In a study funded by NCATS' Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) Program , researchers at Penn State University measured how closures affect surrounding hospitals that fill the health care gaps for rural communities. (nih.gov)

As-treated analysis results were consistent with Hospital at Home costs being lower. (ajmc.com)
This descriptive analysis of multipayer inpatient data provides a robust national view of the substantial use and costs among adults hospitalized with MCC. (cdc.gov)
After standardizing metrics across the hospitals studied and generalizing results to hospitals nationwide, the analysis finds that savings achievable through these interventions could exceed $5.4 billion over five years and $15 billion over 10 years. (commonwealthfund.org)
In this article, we present a cost analysis of using virtual reality as a training tool. (nursingcenter.com)
The information on this report and the New Choice Health, Inc. website is the property of New Choice Health, Inc. and may not be reproduced in any manner without the express written permission of New Choice Health, Inc. New Choice Health, Inc. obtains its information from proprietary cost analysis algorithms and third party independent sources which it believes are credible and reliable sources. (newchoicehealth.com)
Of those, 157 teeth were included in the cost analysis . (bvsalud.org)
This cost-benefit analysis developed a model to evaluate the potential costs and benefits of using activated carbon filtration of indoor air to reduce ozone exposures. (nih.gov)
This chapter provides the estimated costs of digestive diseases in the United States for 2004, the last year for which data were available from all sources used in this analysis. (nih.gov)

It is the first MNC hospital in India, which is committed to advanced medical care that increases the value of human life. (tourmyindia.com)

A previous study of hospitalizations using a national all-payer database demonstrated that the number of chronic conditions independently influences hospital costs. (cdc.gov)
It describes the distribution of costs by expected primary payer and illustrates the conditions accounting for the largest percentage of each payer's hospital costs. (nih.gov)
ABSTRACT This study aimed to examine the association between the payer mix and the financial performance of public and private hospitals in Lebanon. (who.int)
The study provides evidence that payer mix is associated with hospital costs, revenues and profitability. (who.int)

The combination of high frequency and high cost suggests that programs that reduce the risks of postdischarge SSI should be adopted, but decision makers should assess the cost-effectiveness of additional prevention efforts. (cdc.gov)
Also, any charges that a patient incurs are dependent on a variety of factors such as how long he or she has to stay in the hospital, any unexpected complications that may arise, specific supplies and items needed for care, and additional testing required or recommended to assess a patient's condition. (centralcarolinahosp.com)
Through innovative development work by the National Health Performance Authority, two measures have been used to assess the relative efficiency of Australia's largest public hospitals: Cost per National Weighted Activity Unit (NWAU) and Comparable Cost of Care. (aihw.gov.au)
These assess the overall relative efficiency of Australian public hospitals by reporting costs against units of activity, which allow different treatments and operations to be compared fairly. (aihw.gov.au)
Few studies have been carried out to assess how many hospitals keep adequate stocks of atropine on hand for cholinesterase poisoning. (cdc.gov)

The sample comprised 24 hospitals, representing the variety of hospital characteristics in Lebanon. (who.int)

University Hospitals is committed to providing each patient a personalized experience, including as it relates to the billing and collections process for services received by the patient. (uhhospitals.org)
The HSE also estimated that the average cost of running an in-patient bed was €839 per day to take account of issues such as clinical and nonclinical staffing, theatres, laboratories and cleaning and maintenance. (irishtimes.com)
In fiscal year 2011-12, UCSF hospitals diverted 14,000 pounds of would-be waste from landfill by reprocessing both surgery and patient care devices. (healthleadersmedia.com)
Types of data collected from patient hospital records available from author on request. (cdc.gov)
If you are unable to locate a service in the Cost Estimator, you may speak to a patient services representative at 919-708-4660 . (centralcarolinahosp.com)
Final out-of-pocket cost is dependent on several factors, including your individual health insurance coverage, as well as patient-specific financial needs and other considerations. (centralcarolinahosp.com)
Data outputs used for the report were prepared by IHPA using specifications that were developed between the two agencies, using data from the National Hospital Cost Data Collection (NHCDC) and the Admitted Patient Care National Minimum Data Set (APC NMDS). (aihw.gov.au)
Hospitals allocated their costs for 2011-12 to individual patient records according to the Australian Hospital Patient Costing Standards (AHPCS), version 2.0. (aihw.gov.au)
The type of patient and services received are the determining factors for allowing research patient care costs as charges to NIH grants. (nih.gov)
If the patient is receiving service or care that neither differs from usual patient care nor results in expenses greater than those that would have been incurred if the study had not existed, then the patient is considered to be hospitalized for usual care purposes and the grant will generally not support the costs. (nih.gov)
Patient care costs for individuals who are receiving accepted treatment according to standard regimens would not ordinarily be acceptable charges to an NIH grant. (nih.gov)
Similarly, in certain kinds of clinical trials where accepted treatments are compared against new therapies, research patient care costs generally may be charged to a grant only insofar as they are measurements or services above and beyond those that constitute usual patient care and are specified by the study protocol. (nih.gov)
To calculate direct costs, billed charges are used as an imperfect surrogate for the sum of all the resource payments used in the production of patient services for which data are unavailable. (nih.gov)
The high cost of current patient monitors forces hospitals in low-income and developing areas to largely depend on outside donations for new devices, an infrequent and unreliable source of critical equipment. (nih.gov)
Numerous studies have documented the failure of hospitals to stock enough 2-PAM to treat one patient, much less to handle a mass casualty event. (cdc.gov)

Robert Murray, who as head of Maryland's health services cost review commission is the state's chief regulator, admits that Maryland's "macro" regulation is not perfect. (stateline.org)
The biggest problem is that Maryland's federal charter allows it to regulate only those services provided within a hospital building or campus. (stateline.org)
Effective cost regulation eventually would have to expand to cover these services, he says. (stateline.org)
These services are designed to assist you with obtaining coverage, financial assistance , a Good Faith Estimate , payment plans and other options to help you with your cost of care. (uhhospitals.org)
A higher number of MCC was associated with higher mortality, use of services, and average cost. (cdc.gov)
We adopted a societal perspective and included the costs incurred by healthcare services, private costs, and production losses. (cdc.gov)
We are committed to helping you understand and prepare for any medical services you or a loved one may receive at our hospital, including the ability to estimate your out-of-pocket costs for the care you receive. (centralcarolinahosp.com)
This user-friendly tool allows you to search from hundreds of our most commonly accessed services to find out what your estimated out-of-pocket cost is, based on your health insurance coverage. (centralcarolinahosp.com)
How did you determine which services to include in the Cost Estimator? (centralcarolinahosp.com)
Does my estimate from the Cost Estimator for a particular service include any additional procedures or services I will need as a result of that service? (centralcarolinahosp.com)
Primary services in the Cost Estimator are "bundled" with ancillary services that typically correspond with that primary service so that you can get as complete of an estimate of your out-of-pocket costs as possible. (centralcarolinahosp.com)
Idaho offers a number of leading medical facilities, including hospitals and stand alone medical facilities, and New Choice Health can assist you with comparing and shopping for various medical procedures in Idaho to include diagnostic imaging services, surgical procedures, colonoscopy's, echocardiograms, and more. (newchoicehealth.com)
/education (ED, /educ) Used for education and training programs in health services administration, including hospital and public health administration, and for training specialties, persons, populations, and health personnel. (nih.gov)
NIH funds may be used to pay all costs (whether usual care costs or research care costs) for the entire period of hospitalization or research tests or services for individuals who would not have been hospitalized or received such tests or services except for their participation in the research study. (nih.gov)

18 years of age) admitted to 3 Australian hospitals in 2004 for knee or hip prostheses, cardiovascular procedures, femoropopliteal bypass grafts, or abdominal procedures, including abdominal hysterectomies and lower segment caesarean sections. (cdc.gov)
These hospitals represent approximately 80% of the cost of Australian public hospitals. (aihw.gov.au)
For more information about the NHCDC see the National Hospital Cost Data Collection Australian Public Hospitals Report 2011-12 . (aihw.gov.au)

This web-based tool will give you an estimate of your out-of-pocket costs based on your individual insurance plan. (uhhospitals.org)
Choose either the hospital or lab estimate option and provide the requested information to get started on your estimate. (uhhospitals.org)
Does the estimate I receive in the Cost Estimator include everything I will pay for? (centralcarolinahosp.com)
Your cost estimate is, as its title states, only an estimate of your final cost. (centralcarolinahosp.com)

This has ensured that every hospital maintained profitability, although at relatively low margins. (stateline.org)
An inverse association was noted between increased revenue from private insurance and profitability, attributed to increased costs. (who.int)
Increased percentage of out-of-pocket payments was associated with lower costs and higher profitability. (who.int)

We all have that closet in our facility that slips through the cracks, but a messy hospital supply area can be a serious hindrance to healthcare inventory management. (afflink.com)
A state of the art modern facility hospital spread across 15-acre land with a buildup area of around 600,000 square feet. (tourmyindia.com)
Jessie remained under observation at the pain facility for about 1½ hours, at which point she was taken by ambulance to nearby Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital. (medscape.com)
Some hospital facility costs were assumed to be associated with problems other than the first-listed diagnosis. (nih.gov)
Total hospital facility costs were $40.6 billion. (nih.gov)
Facility charges for first-listed diagnoses were 86 percent of the total hospital charges. (nih.gov)

Speaking to reporters, he said there was always an expectation that costs on the main campus would rise as a result of construction inflation. (ehealthweek2010.org)

Still, says Murray, "Maryland has bent the cost curve over the last 30 years" without micromanaging. (stateline.org)

This study examines data from selected hospitals that have implemented programs to reduce energy use and waste and achieve operating room supply efficiencies. (commonwealthfund.org)
James Yoon, one of the principal UCSF researchers on the study, said they weren't only looking at costs but also at the environmental impact of wasted supplies. (healthleadersmedia.com)
Our study assessed the costs of postdischarge SSI. (cdc.gov)
The study authors compared inpatient admissions and emergency department (ED) visits at surrounding hospitals 2 years before and after nearby hospital closures. (nih.gov)
The study included 53 rural hospitals that closed and 93 nearby hospitals that remained open. (nih.gov)
The average direct cost of tooth avulsion within the limits of this study was $1619 USD. (bvsalud.org)
The objective of the current study was to determine the cost incurred by caregivers of under-five children with community -acquired pneumonia admitted to the paediatric ward of Jimma University Specialized Hospital , south-western Ethiopia . (bvsalud.org)
Among the 120 caregivers in the study, a median total cost of 304.5 Ethiopian birr (13.22 USD) was reported. (bvsalud.org)
2003) Another study of 38 hospitals reported that atropine was one of the "conspicuously under stocked items," although the actual amounts of the antidote stocked were not given. (cdc.gov)

The department said last night the bed capacity review did not set out the cost of its proposals as this was not required under its terms of reference. (irishtimes.com)
He added the current level of hospital overcrowding would "look like a picnic" compared to what would happen in the future unless capacity was increased. (irishtimes.com)
Classifying hospitals by their bed capacity. (nih.gov)

Instead, use this data to determine if your inventory management is as cost-effective as it could be. (afflink.com)
In 2011-12, 429 public hospitals submitted data to the NHCDC. (aihw.gov.au)
Data on costs incurred before hospital visit, direct medical and non-medical costs , and indirect costs incurred by caregivers of the children were collected. (bvsalud.org)
Currently, data on hospital stocking of atropine are lacking. (cdc.gov)

Increases in the percentage of revenue from public sources were associated with lower total costs and revenues, but not profit margins. (who.int)
They also looked at overall cost increases at surrounding hospitals. (nih.gov)

Relative Value Units (RVUs) were used to calculate the estimated cost of dental trauma care over the 2-year post- injury period for five different scenarios of avulsed teeth based on the stage of root maturity, the occurrence of ankylosis and whether the tooth was replanted. (bvsalud.org)

A conservative approach was taken toward estimation of economic costs. (nih.gov)

Given the return on investment, the authors recommend that all hospitals adopt such programs and, in cases where capital investments could be financially burdensome, that public funds be used to provide loans or grants, particularly to safety-net hospitals. (commonwealthfund.org)

Ask a member of our staff what days and times we hold our reduced cost vaccine clinic. (vcahospitals.com)

Average costs per year rose by $1.4 million at for-profit hospitals, $2.1 million at government hospitals and $7.3 million at nonprofit hospitals. (nih.gov)

By setting separate spending maximums for each hospital, his small staff has been able to spread the cost of uncompensated care across the state's billion hospital industry. (stateline.org)

The research, published in May in the Journal of Neurosurgery, examined 58 neurosurgeries performed by 14 different surgeons at UCSF Medical Center, a leading academic hospital. (healthleadersmedia.com)
Some medical devices, whether used or unused during surgery, can be reprocessed by an FDA-approved third party company and sold back to the hospital for about half the original sales price, Lee explained. (healthleadersmedia.com)
28, 29 Costs under the human capital method include the value of resources used for medical care (direct costs) and those forgone due to time lost from work and leisure (indirect costs). (nih.gov)
A limitation of this approach is an underestimate of indirect costs related to work loss from digestive diseases not related to medical care (discussion follows). (nih.gov)

The question we address is whether postdischarge SSIs independently affect costs. (cdc.gov)

The NIS hospital sample is drawn from states participating in HCUP. (cdc.gov)

and sick people brought to the hospital solely for studies when they otherwise would not require hospitalization. (nih.gov)

Robotic surgeries are performed in this hospital. (tourmyindia.com)

Already, ten of the state's 46 hospitals have volunteered for a program in which the state sets a flat, three-year budget based on current spending levels, and hospitals have the opportunity to use cost-cutting procedures to improve their bottom lines and reap higher profits. (stateline.org)
For procedures offered at our hospitals. (uhhospitals.org)
The HSE said the daily cost was an average that amalgamated all different types of procedures carried out in the hospital, from the most simple and inexpensive to the most complex and expensive. (irishtimes.com)
Welcome to the Parkersburg Healthcare Community on NewChoiceHealth where you will be able to locate providers in your market and view cost information for procedures that you may need. (newchoicehealth.com)

Maryland has the lowest price in the country for average hospital cases - a little more than ,000, compared to a national average of ,500. (stateline.org)
If a new hospital was to be built with the average case mix of work and cost of the existing system, the annual daily running cost would be €839 per bed. (irishtimes.com)
Overall, the average direct dental cost of avulsion was 46.4 RVUs equal to $1619 USD based on the 2021 conversion rate ($34.89 per RVU). (bvsalud.org)

Initially, virtual reality is more expensive, with a cost of $229.79 per participant (total cost $18 617.54 per exercise) for the live drill versus $327.78 (total cost $106 951.14) for virtual reality. (nursingcenter.com)
Using such an approach, a single pharmacist can reconstitute one hundred 6 mg syringes of atropine within about a half-hour, at a cost of as little as $11 (versus $5,000 for prefilled syringes). (cdc.gov)

It's "equitable and predictable," she says, and it ensures that everyone has access to high quality hospitals. (stateline.org)
Adoption of virtual reality technology may be delayed due to high up-front costs with unknown returns on that investment. (nursingcenter.com)
We also explore the feasibility of developing processes to identify dual eligibles who may be at high risk of hospital readmission, nursing facilities with persistently low hospital readmission rates who may exemplify best practices, and nursing facilities with persistently high hospital readmission rates that may be appropriate to engage in quality improvement efforts. (wa.gov)

The capital cost of new hospital build is estimated at €1 million per bed," the HSE said in answer to a parliamentary question. (irishtimes.com)
The researchers projected that wasted supplies could cost $2.9 million a year in UCSF's neurosurgery department alone. (healthleadersmedia.com)
This strategy saved UCSF hospitals about $1.1 million over the past year, Lee said. (healthleadersmedia.com)

Any attempt to invoke cost regulation relies heavily on the people involved and the voluntary cooperation of the state's hospitals. (stateline.org)
The NHCDC is a voluntary collection of public hospital costs, collected by financial year. (aihw.gov.au)

The stage of root maturity, the occurrence of ankylosis and whether the tooth was replanted or not were not significantly associated with the direct cost of dental care . (bvsalud.org)

The emergency laminectomy itself it wasn't started until more than 5 hours after Adams had been admitted to the ED. This was a direct violation of hospital protocol, which required that emergency surgeries be performed within 1 hour of admittance in the first available surgical suite. (medscape.com)

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs1

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment47

Phenomena and Processes2

Disciplines and Occupations3

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Humanities1

Information Science13

Named Groups4

Health Care143

Geographicals7

Practice patterns, case mix, Medicare payment policy, and dialysis facility costs. (1/1002)

The economic impact of Staphylococcus aureus infection in New York City hospitals. (2/1002)

Total joint replacement: implication of cancelled operations for hospital costs and waiting list management. (3/1002)

Resource allocation for public hospitals in Andhra Pradesh, India. (4/1002)

The influence of day of life in predicting the inpatient costs for providing care to very low birth weight infants. (5/1002)

Short-term continuous infusion thrombolytic therapy for occluded central nervous venous dialysis catheters. (6/1002)

Effects of a computerised protocol management system on ordering of clinical tests. (7/1002)

Developments in total quality management in the United States: the Intermountain Health Care perspective. (8/1002)

Hospital Costs

Costs and Cost Analysis

Health Care Costs

Economics, Hospital

Length of Stay

Cost Allocation

Hospital Charges

Cost Control

Hospitals, University

Cost of Illness

Hospitals, Teaching

Drug Costs

Cost-Benefit Analysis

Diagnosis-Related Groups

Hospital Bed Capacity, 500 and over

Hospital Bed Capacity

Hospital Planning

Hospitalization

Cost Savings

Insurance, Health, Reimbursement

Hospitals, Urban

Direct Service Costs

Hospitals, General

Financial Management, Hospital

Retrospective Studies

United States

Insurance, Hospitalization

Models, Economic

Intermediate Care Facilities

Hospitals, Proprietary

Medicare

Nursing Staff, Hospital

Accounting

Hospitalists

Patient Admission

Ancillary Services, Hospital

Hospitals, Pediatric

Economic Competition

Prospective Studies

Hospitals, District

Patient Readmission

Hospitals, Special

Multi-Institutional Systems

Critical Pathways

Recovery Room

Operating Rooms

Health Resources

Inpatients

Ownership

Economics, Medical

Bed Occupancy

Surgical Procedures, Elective

Health Facility Closure

Hospitals, Private

Time Factors

Patient Discharge

Emergency Service, Hospital

Models, Econometric

Prospective Payment System

Health Expenditures

Intensive Care Units

Academic Medical Centers

Outcome Assessment (Health Care)

Postoperative Complications

Hospitals, Community

Cost Sharing

Utilization Review

Cross Infection

Hospital Departments

Health Services Research

Quality of Health Care

Hospitals, Psychiatric

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures

Hospital Units

Hospital Records

Surgical Procedures, Operative

Infant, Newborn

Regression Analysis

Risk Factors

Laryngeal Diseases