High sensitivity cardiac troponins in acute cardiac. Medical search

Troponin I: One of the three polypeptide chains that make up the TROPONIN complex. It inhibits F-actin-myosin interactions.Troponin T: One of the three polypeptide chains that make up the TROPONIN complex. It is a cardiac-specific protein that binds to TROPOMYOSIN. It is released from damaged or injured heart muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Defects in the gene encoding troponin T result in FAMILIAL HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY.Troponin: One of the minor protein components of skeletal muscle. Its function is to serve as the calcium-binding component in the troponin-tropomyosin B-actin-myosin complex by conferring calcium sensitivity to the cross-linked actin and myosin filaments.Creatine Kinase: A transferase that catalyzes formation of PHOSPHOCREATINE from ATP + CREATINE. The reaction stores ATP energy as phosphocreatine. Three cytoplasmic ISOENZYMES have been identified in human tissues: the MM type from SKELETAL MUSCLE, the MB type from myocardial tissue and the BB type from nervous tissue as well as a mitochondrial isoenzyme. Macro-creatine kinase refers to creatine kinase complexed with other serum proteins.Biological Markers: Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.Creatine Kinase, MB Form: An isoenzyme of creatine kinase found in the CARDIAC MUSCLE.Troponin C: One of the three polypeptide chains that make up the TROPONIN complex of skeletal muscle. It is a calcium-binding protein.Sensitivity and Specificity: Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)Myocardium: The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.Myocardial Infarction: NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).Myocytes, Cardiac: Striated muscle cells found in the heart. They are derived from cardiac myoblasts (MYOBLASTS, CARDIAC).Heart Transplantation: The transference of a heart from one human or animal to another.Cardiac Tamponade: Compression of the heart by accumulated fluid (PERICARDIAL EFFUSION) or blood (HEMOPERICARDIUM) in the PERICARDIUM surrounding the heart. The affected cardiac functions and CARDIAC OUTPUT can range from minimal to total hemodynamic collapse.Heart Diseases: Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.Heart: The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.Acute Disease: Disease having a short and relatively severe course.Cardiac Output: The volume of BLOOD passing through the HEART per unit of time. It is usually expressed as liters (volume) per minute so as not to be confused with STROKE VOLUME (volume per beat).Isoenzymes: Structurally related forms of an enzyme. Each isoenzyme has the same mechanism and classification, but differs in its chemical, physical, or immunological characteristics.Graft Rejection: An immune response with both cellular and humoral components, directed against an allogeneic transplant, whose tissue antigens are not compatible with those of the recipient.Electrocardiography: Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.Prognosis: A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.Time Factors: Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.Arrhythmias, Cardiac: Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.Cardiac Surgical Procedures: Surgery performed on the heart.Transplantation, Heterotopic: Transplantation of tissue typical of one area to a different recipient site. The tissue may be autologous, heterologous, or homologous.Death, Sudden, Cardiac: Unexpected rapid natural death due to cardiovascular collapse within one hour of initial symptoms. It is usually caused by the worsening of existing heart diseases. The sudden onset of symptoms, such as CHEST PAIN and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS, particularly VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA, can lead to the loss of consciousness and cardiac arrest followed by biological death. (from Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, 7th ed., 2005)Rats, Inbred WFProspective Studies: Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.Heart Failure: A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.Chest Pain: Pressure, burning, or numbness in the chest.Predictive Value of Tests: In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.Cardiomyopathies: A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS).Transplantation, Homologous: Transplantation between individuals of the same species. Usually refers to genetically disparate individuals in contradistinction to isogeneic transplantation for genetically identical individuals.Myocarditis: Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the cardiac muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Manifestations range from subclinical to sudden death (DEATH, SUDDEN). Myocarditis in association with cardiac dysfunction is classified as inflammatory CARDIOMYOPATHY usually caused by INFECTION, autoimmune diseases, or responses to toxic substances. Myocarditis is also a common cause of DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY and other cardiomyopathies.Autonomic Nerve Block: Interruption of sympathetic pathways, by local injection of an anesthetic agent, at any of four levels: peripheral nerve block, sympathetic ganglion block, extradural block, and subarachnoid block.Tropomyosin: A protein found in the thin filaments of muscle fibers. It inhibits contraction of the muscle unless its position is modified by TROPONIN.Echocardiography: Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues. The standard approach is transthoracic.Natriuretic Peptide, Brain: A PEPTIDE that is secreted by the BRAIN and the HEART ATRIA, stored mainly in cardiac ventricular MYOCARDIUM. It can cause NATRIURESIS; DIURESIS; VASODILATION; and inhibits secretion of RENIN and ALDOSTERONE. It improves heart function. It contains 32 AMINO ACIDS.Heart Rate: The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.Hemodynamics: The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.Myocardial Ischemia: A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).Angina, Unstable: Precordial pain at rest, which may precede a MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.Cardiomegaly: Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES.Cardiac Pacing, Artificial: Regulation of the rate of contraction of the heart muscles by an artificial pacemaker.Dogs: The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)Ventricular Function, Left: The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the left HEART VENTRICLE. Its measurement is an important aspect of the clinical evaluation of patients with heart disease to determine the effects of the disease on cardiac performance.Myocardial Contraction: Contractile activity of the MYOCARDIUM.Cardiac Catheterization: Procedures in which placement of CARDIAC CATHETERS is performed for therapeutic or diagnostic procedures.Immunoassay: A technique using antibodies for identifying or quantifying a substance. Usually the substance being studied serves as antigen both in antibody production and in measurement of antibody by the test substance.Reproducibility of Results: The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.Rats, Inbred Lew Heart Ventricles: The lower right and left chambers of the heart. The right ventricle pumps venous BLOOD into the LUNGS and the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic arterial circulation.Blood Pressure: PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.Heart Arrest: Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most cases to normal cardiac rhythm and effective circulation.Treatment Outcome: Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.Disease Models, Animal: Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.Risk Factors: An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.Mice, Inbred C57BL Myoblasts, Cardiac: Precursor cells destined to differentiate into cardiac myocytes (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC).Cardiac Myosins: Myosin type II isoforms found in cardiac muscle.Cardiac Imaging Techniques: Visualization of the heart structure and cardiac blood flow for diagnostic evaluation or to guide cardiac procedures via techniques including ENDOSCOPY (cardiac endoscopy, sometimes refered to as cardioscopy), RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; TOMOGRAPHY; or ULTRASONOGRAPHY.Cardiac Glycosides: Cyclopentanophenanthrenes with a 5- or 6-membered lactone ring attached at the 17-position and SUGARS attached at the 3-position. Plants they come from have long been used in congestive heart failure. They increase the force of cardiac contraction without significantly affecting other parameters, but are very toxic at larger doses. Their mechanism of action usually involves inhibition of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE and they are often used in cell biological studies for that purpose.Cardiac Output, Low: A state of subnormal or depressed cardiac output at rest or during stress. It is a characteristic of CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, including congenital, valvular, rheumatic, hypertensive, coronary, and cardiomyopathic. The serious form of low cardiac output is characterized by marked reduction in STROKE VOLUME, and systemic vasoconstriction resulting in cold, pale, and sometimes cyanotic extremities.Coronary Disease: An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Occurrence of heart arrest in an individual when there is no immediate access to medical personnel or equipment.Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II: A CALCIUM-independent subtype of nitric oxide synthase that may play a role in immune function. It is an inducible enzyme whose expression is transcriptionally regulated by a variety of CYTOKINES.Cardiac Volume: The volume of the HEART, usually relating to the volume of BLOOD contained within it at various periods of the cardiac cycle. The amount of blood ejected from a ventricle at each beat is STROKE VOLUME.Ventricular Remodeling: The geometric and structural changes that the HEART VENTRICLES undergo, usually following MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. It comprises expansion of the infarct and dilatation of the healthy ventricle segments. While most prevalent in the left ventricle, it can also occur in the right ventricle.ROC Curve: A graphic means for assessing the ability of a screening test to discriminate between healthy and diseased persons; may also be used in other studies, e.g., distinguishing stimuli responses as to a faint stimuli or nonstimuli.Calcium: A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.Rats, Sprague-Dawley: A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.Heart Defects, Congenital: Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be discovered later in life.Cells, Cultured: Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.Nitric Oxide Synthase: An NADPH-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-ARGININE and OXYGEN to produce CITRULLINE and NITRIC OXIDE.Stroke Volume: The amount of BLOOD pumped out of the HEART per beat, not to be confused with cardiac output (volume/time). It is calculated as the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume.Graft Survival: The survival of a graft in a host, the factors responsible for the survival and the changes occurring within the graft during growth in the host.Heart Function Tests: Examinations used to diagnose and treat heart conditions.Algorithms: A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task.Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: The restoration of the sequential order of contraction and relaxation of the HEART ATRIA and HEART VENTRICLES by atrio-biventricular pacing.Biosensing Techniques: Any of a variety of procedures which use biomolecular probes to measure the presence or concentration of biological molecules, biological structures, microorganisms, etc., by translating a biochemical interaction at the probe surface into a quantifiable physical signal.Heart Conduction System: An impulse-conducting system composed of modified cardiac muscle, having the power of spontaneous rhythmicity and conduction more highly developed than the rest of the heart.Retrospective Studies: Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.Cardiotonic Agents: Agents that have a strengthening effect on the heart or that can increase cardiac output. They may be CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES; SYMPATHOMIMETICS; or other drugs. They are used after MYOCARDIAL INFARCT; CARDIAC SURGICAL PROCEDURES; in SHOCK; or in congestive heart failure (HEART FAILURE).Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: The artificial substitution of heart and lung action as indicated for HEART ARREST resulting from electric shock, DROWNING, respiratory arrest, or other causes. The two major components of cardiopulmonary resuscitation are artificial ventilation (RESPIRATION, ARTIFICIAL) and closed-chest CARDIAC MASSAGE.Ventricular Dysfunction, Left: A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left ventricular wall.Heart Neoplasms: Tumors in any part of the heart. They include primary cardiac tumors and metastatic tumors to the heart. Their interference with normal cardiac functions can cause a wide variety of symptoms including HEART FAILURE; CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS; or EMBOLISM.Cardiomyopathy, Dilated: A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease that is characterized by ventricular dilation, VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION, and HEART FAILURE. Risk factors include SMOKING; ALCOHOL DRINKING; HYPERTENSION; INFECTION; PREGNANCY; and mutations in the LMNA gene encoding LAMIN TYPE A, a NUCLEAR LAMINA protein.Cardiac Care Facilities: Institutions specializing in the care of patients with heart disorders.Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.Dose-Response Relationship, Drug: The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.Polymerase Chain Reaction: In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.Follow-Up Studies: Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.Models, Cardiovascular: Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of the cardiovascular system, processes, or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers and other electronic equipment.Cardiac Electrophysiology: The study of the electrical activity and characteristics of the HEART; MYOCARDIUM; and CARDIOMYOCYTES.Mutation: Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.Fibrosis: Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.Fetal Heart: The heart of the fetus of any viviparous animal. It refers to the heart in the postembryonic period and is differentiated from the embryonic heart (HEART/embryology) only on the basis of time.Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.Heart Atria: The chambers of the heart, to which the BLOOD returns from the circulation.Rats, Wistar: A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.C-Reactive Protein: A plasma protein that circulates in increased amounts during inflammation and after tissue damage.Mice, Transgenic: Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.Ventricular Function: The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the HEART VENTRICLES.Signal Transduction: The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.RNA, Messenger: RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.Rabbits: The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.Equipment Design: Methods of creating machines and devices.Heart Injuries: General or unspecified injuries to the heart.Mice, Knockout: Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.Risk Assessment: The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)Kinetics: The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.Animals, Newborn: Refers to animals in the period of time just after birth.Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Diversion of the flow of blood from the entrance of the right atrium directly to the aorta (or femoral artery) via an oxygenator thus bypassing both the heart and lungs.Contrast Sensitivity: The ability to detect sharp boundaries (stimuli) and to detect slight changes in luminance at regions without distinct contours. Psychophysical measurements of this visual function are used to evaluate visual acuity and to detect eye disease.Sarcomeres: The repeating contractile units of the MYOFIBRIL, delimited by Z bands along its length.Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay: An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular: Enlargement of the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart. This increase in ventricular mass is attributed to sustained abnormal pressure or volume loads and is a contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.Muscle Proteins: The protein constituents of muscle, the major ones being ACTINS and MYOSINS. More than a dozen accessory proteins exist including TROPONIN; TROPOMYOSIN; and DYSTROPHIN.Tomography, X-Ray Computed: Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.Action Potentials: Abrupt changes in the membrane potential that sweep along the CELL MEMBRANE of excitable cells in response to excitation stimuli.Reagent Kits, Diagnostic: Commercially prepared reagent sets, with accessory devices, containing all of the major components and literature necessary to perform one or more designated diagnostic tests or procedures. They may be for laboratory or personal use.Base Sequence: The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.False Positive Reactions: Positive test results in subjects who do not possess the attribute for which the test is conducted. The labeling of healthy persons as diseased when screening in the detection of disease. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)Atrial Natriuretic Factor: A potent natriuretic and vasodilatory peptide or mixture of different-sized low molecular weight PEPTIDES derived from a common precursor and secreted mainly by the HEART ATRIUM. All these peptides share a sequence of about 20 AMINO ACIDS.Coronary Circulation: The circulation of blood through the CORONARY VESSELS of the HEART.Models, Biological: Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.Coronary Artery Disease: Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause.Amino Acid Sequence: The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.Analysis of Variance: A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.Mitochondria, Heart: The mitochondria of the myocardium.Heart Valves: Flaps of tissue that prevent regurgitation of BLOOD from the HEART VENTRICLES to the HEART ATRIA or from the PULMONARY ARTERIES or AORTA to the ventricles.Pericardium: A conical fibro-serous sac surrounding the HEART and the roots of the great vessels (AORTA; VENAE CAVAE; PULMONARY ARTERY). Pericardium consists of two sacs: the outer fibrous pericardium and the inner serous pericardium. The latter consists of an outer parietal layer facing the fibrous pericardium, and an inner visceral layer (epicardium) resting next to the heart, and a pericardial cavity between these two layers.Reference Values: The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.Severity of Illness Index: Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.Phenotype: The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.Electrophysiology: The study of the generation and behavior of electrical charges in living organisms particularly the nervous system and the effects of electricity on living organisms.Pacemaker, Artificial: A device designed to stimulate, by electric impulses, contraction of the heart muscles. It may be temporary (external) or permanent (internal or internal-external).Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon: A method of computed tomography that uses radionuclides which emit a single photon of a given energy. The camera is rotated 180 or 360 degrees around the patient to capture images at multiple positions along the arc. The computer is then used to reconstruct the transaxial, sagittal, and coronal images from the 3-dimensional distribution of radionuclides in the organ. The advantages of SPECT are that it can be used to observe biochemical and physiological processes as well as size and volume of the organ. The disadvantage is that, unlike positron-emission tomography where the positron-electron annihilation results in the emission of 2 photons at 180 degrees from each other, SPECT requires physical collimation to line up the photons, which results in the loss of many available photons and hence degrades the image.Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction: A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.Case-Control Studies: Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.Edema, Cardiac: Abnormal fluid retention by the body due to impaired cardiac function or heart failure. It is usually characterized by increase in venous and capillary pressure, and swollen legs when standing. It is different from the generalized edema caused by renal dysfunction (NEPHROTIC SYNDROME).Postoperative Complications: Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.Coronary Vessels: The veins and arteries of the HEART.Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine: A type of imaging technique used primarily in the field of cardiology. By coordinating the fast gradient-echo MRI sequence with retrospective ECG-gating, numerous short time frames evenly spaced in the cardiac cycle are produced. These images are laced together in a cinematic display so that wall motion of the ventricles, valve motion, and blood flow patterns in the heart and great vessels can be visualized.Coronary Angiography: Radiography of the vascular system of the heart muscle after injection of a contrast medium.Exercise Test: Controlled physical activity which is performed in order to allow assessment of physiological functions, particularly cardiovascular and pulmonary, but also aerobic capacity. Maximal (most intense) exercise is usually required but submaximal exercise is also used.Gene Expression Regulation: Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.Evaluation Studies as Topic: Studies determining the effectiveness or value of processes, personnel, and equipment, or the material on conducting such studies. For drugs and devices, CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; DRUG EVALUATION; and DRUG EVALUATION, PRECLINICAL are available.Ventricular Fibrillation: A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia that is characterized by uncoordinated extremely rapid firing of electrical impulses (400-600/min) in HEART VENTRICLES. Such asynchronous ventricular quivering or fibrillation prevents any effective cardiac output and results in unconsciousness (SYNCOPE). It is one of the major electrocardiographic patterns seen with CARDIAC ARREST.Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic: A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease, characterized by left and/or right ventricular hypertrophy (HYPERTROPHY, LEFT VENTRICULAR; HYPERTROPHY, RIGHT VENTRICULAR), frequent asymmetrical involvement of the HEART SEPTUM, and normal or reduced left ventricular volume. Risk factors include HYPERTENSION; AORTIC STENOSIS; and gene MUTATION; (FAMILIAL HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY).Guinea Pigs: A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.Blotting, Western: Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.Radiopharmaceuticals: Compounds that are used in medicine as sources of radiation for radiotherapy and for diagnostic purposes. They have numerous uses in research and industry. (Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1161)Myocardial Reperfusion Injury: Damage to the MYOCARDIUM resulting from MYOCARDIAL REPERFUSION (restoration of blood flow to ischemic areas of the HEART.) Reperfusion takes place when there is spontaneous thrombolysis, THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY, collateral flow from other coronary vascular beds, or reversal of vasospasm.Hypertension: Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.Membrane Potentials: The voltage differences across a membrane. For cellular membranes they are computed by subtracting the voltage measured outside the membrane from the voltage measured inside the membrane. They result from differences of inside versus outside concentration of potassium, sodium, chloride, and other ions across cells' or ORGANELLES membranes. For excitable cells, the resting membrane potentials range between -30 and -100 millivolts. Physical, chemical, or electrical stimuli can make a membrane potential more negative (hyperpolarization), or less negative (depolarization).Ventricular Pressure: The pressure within a CARDIAC VENTRICLE. Ventricular pressure waveforms can be measured in the beating heart by catheterization or estimated using imaging techniques (e.g., DOPPLER ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY). The information is useful in evaluating the function of the MYOCARDIUM; CARDIAC VALVES; and PERICARDIUM, particularly with simultaneous measurement of other (e.g., aortic or atrial) pressures.Sarcolemma: The excitable plasma membrane of a muscle cell. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990)Gene Expression: The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.Molecular Diagnostic Techniques: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY techniques used in the diagnosis of disease.Cell Line: Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.Coronary Artery Bypass: Surgical therapy of ischemic coronary artery disease achieved by grafting a section of saphenous vein, internal mammary artery, or other substitute between the aorta and the obstructed coronary artery distal to the obstructive lesion.Autonomic Nervous System: The ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; and SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM taken together. Generally speaking, the autonomic nervous system regulates the internal environment during both peaceful activity and physical or emotional stress. Autonomic activity is controlled and integrated by the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, especially the HYPOTHALAMUS and the SOLITARY NUCLEUS, which receive information relayed from VISCERAL AFFERENTS.Diastole: Post-systolic relaxation of the HEART, especially the HEART VENTRICLES.Fluorescent Dyes: Agents that emit light after excitation by light. The wave length of the emitted light is usually longer than that of the incident light. Fluorochromes are substances that cause fluorescence in other substances, i.e., dyes used to mark or label other compounds with fluorescent tags.Oxygen Consumption: The rate at which oxygen is used by a tissue; microliters of oxygen STPD used per milligram of tissue per hour; the rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas, equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body. (Stedman, 25th ed, p346)Image Processing, Computer-Assisted: A technique of inputting two-dimensional images into a computer and then enhancing or analyzing the imagery into a form that is more useful to the human observer.Myosin Heavy Chains: The larger subunits of MYOSINS. The heavy chains have a molecular weight of about 230 kDa and each heavy chain is usually associated with a dissimilar pair of MYOSIN LIGHT CHAINS. The heavy chains possess actin-binding and ATPase activity.Echocardiography, Doppler: Measurement of intracardiac blood flow using an M-mode and/or two-dimensional (2-D) echocardiogram while simultaneously recording the spectrum of the audible Doppler signal (e.g., velocity, direction, amplitude, intensity, timing) reflected from the moving column of red blood cells.Phosphorylation: The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.Apoptosis: One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.Myofibrils: The long cylindrical contractile organelles of STRIATED MUSCLE cells composed of ACTIN FILAMENTS; MYOSIN filaments; and other proteins organized in arrays of repeating units called SARCOMERES .Systole: Period of contraction of the HEART, especially of the HEART VENTRICLES.Contrast Media: Substances used to allow enhanced visualization of tissues.Limit of Detection: Concentration or quantity that is derived from the smallest measure that can be detected with reasonable certainty for a given analytical procedure.Patch-Clamp Techniques: An electrophysiologic technique for studying cells, cell membranes, and occasionally isolated organelles. All patch-clamp methods rely on a very high-resistance seal between a micropipette and a membrane; the seal is usually attained by gentle suction. The four most common variants include on-cell patch, inside-out patch, outside-out patch, and whole-cell clamp. Patch-clamp methods are commonly used to voltage clamp, that is control the voltage across the membrane and measure current flow, but current-clamp methods, in which the current is controlled and the voltage is measured, are also used.DNA Primers: Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.Ventricular Dysfunction: A condition in which HEART VENTRICLES exhibit impaired function.Vascular Resistance: The force that opposes the flow of BLOOD through a vascular bed. It is equal to the difference in BLOOD PRESSURE across the vascular bed divided by the CARDIAC OUTPUT.Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted: Methods developed to aid in the interpretation of ultrasound, radiographic images, etc., for diagnosis of disease.Swine: Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).Cohort Studies: Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.Vagus Nerve: The 10th cranial nerve. The vagus is a mixed nerve which contains somatic afferents (from skin in back of the ear and the external auditory meatus), visceral afferents (from the pharynx, larynx, thorax, and abdomen), parasympathetic efferents (to the thorax and abdomen), and efferents to striated muscle (of the larynx and pharynx).Conductometry: Determination of the quantity of a material present in a mixture by measurement of its effect on the electrical conductivity of the mixture. (Webster, 3d ed)Adrenergic beta-Antagonists: Drugs that bind to but do not activate beta-adrenergic receptors thereby blocking the actions of beta-adrenergic agonists. Adrenergic beta-antagonists are used for treatment of hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris, glaucoma, migraine headaches, and anxiety.Insulin Resistance: Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.Pericardial Effusion: Fluid accumulation within the PERICARDIUM. Serous effusions are associated with pericardial diseases. Hemopericardium is associated with trauma. Lipid-containing effusion (chylopericardium) results from leakage of THORACIC DUCT. Severe cases can lead to CARDIAC TAMPONADE.Adrenergic beta-Agonists: Drugs that selectively bind to and activate beta-adrenergic receptors.Thermodilution: Measurement of blood flow based on induction at one point of the circulation of a known change in the intravascular heat content of flowing blood and detection of the resultant change in temperature at a point downstream.Pregnancy: The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.False Negative Reactions: Negative test results in subjects who possess the attribute for which the test is conducted. The labeling of diseased persons as healthy when screening in the detection of disease. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)Organ Size: The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.Immunohistochemistry: Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.Image Enhancement: Improvement of the quality of a picture by various techniques, including computer processing, digital filtering, echocardiographic techniques, light and ultrastructural MICROSCOPY, fluorescence spectrometry and microscopy, scintigraphy, and in vitro image processing at the molecular level.Muscle Cells: Mature contractile cells, commonly known as myocytes, that form one of three kinds of muscle. The three types of muscle cells are skeletal (MUSCLE FIBERS, SKELETAL), cardiac (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC), and smooth (MYOCYTES, SMOOTH MUSCLE). They are derived from embryonic (precursor) muscle cells called MYOBLASTS.Muscle, Skeletal: A subtype of striated muscle, attached by TENDONS to the SKELETON. Skeletal muscles are innervated and their movement can be consciously controlled. They are also called voluntary muscles.GATA4 Transcription Factor: A GATA transcription factor that is expressed in the MYOCARDIUM of developing heart and has been implicated in the differentiation of CARDIAC MYOCYTES. GATA4 is activated by PHOSPHORYLATION and regulates transcription of cardiac-specific genes.Thoracic Surgery: A surgical specialty concerned with diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the heart, lungs, and esophagus. Two major types of thoracic surgery are classified as pulmonary and cardiovascular.NAV1.5 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel: A voltage-gated sodium channel subtype that mediates the sodium ion PERMEABILITY of CARDIOMYOCYTES. Defects in the SCN5A gene, which codes for the alpha subunit of this sodium channel, are associated with a variety of CARDIAC DISEASES that result from loss of sodium channel function.Bradycardia: Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. They can be classified broadly into SINOATRIAL NODE dysfunction and ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK.

Myocardial infarction

"Association of High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I Concentration With Cardiac Outcomes in Patients With Suspected Acute ... "Rapid Rule-out of Acute Myocardial Infarction With a Single High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T Measurement Below the Limit of ... and the diagnostic accuracy of troponin testing is improving over time. One high-sensitivity cardiac troponin is able to rule ... CK-MB is not as specific as troponins for acute myocardial injury, and may be elevated with past cardiac surgery, inflammation ...

Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists

Cardiac troponin testing in the acute care setting: Ordering, reporting and high sensitivity assays - An update from the ... and position papers on current issues such as cardiac troponin testing. The organization's members meet with governments, both ...

Pulmonary embolism

"Predictive value of the high-sensitivity troponin T assay and the simplified Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index in ... Kucher N, Goldhaber SZ (2003). "Cardiac biomarkers for risk stratification of patients with acute pulmonary embolism". ... This phenomenon has a 77% sensitivity and a 94% specificity for the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism in the setting of ... Not every person with a (suspected) pulmonary embolism requires an echocardiogram, but elevations in cardiac troponins or brain ...

Heart-type fatty acid binding protein

... over troponin at 3-6 hours following chest pain onset. This sensitivity may be explained by the high concentration of H-FABP in ... "Novel biomarkers in early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction compared with cardiac troponin T". European Heart Journal. ... "Cloning and characterization of a novel cardiac-specific kinase that interacts specifically with cardiac troponin I". Journal ... "Cloning and characterization of a novel cardiac-specific kinase that interacts specifically with cardiac troponin I". Journal ...

Nanowire

This approach proved useful for dramatically enhancing the sensitivity of cardiac biomarkers (e.g. Troponin) detection directly ... Because of their high aspect ratio, nanowires are also uniquely suited to dielectrophoretic manipulation,[36][37][38] which ... from serum for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.[47] See also[edit]. *. Nanotechnology portal ... Due to the high aspect ratio, if the gate dielectric is wrapped around the nanowire channel, we can get good control of channel ...

Renal angina

Goldstein, Stuart L (Dec 2011). "Acute kidney injury biomarkers: renal angina and the need for a renal troponin I". BMC Med. 9 ... very high risk), 3 (high risk), and 1 (moderate risk). Clinical signs of injury are based on changes in estimated creatinine ... and the associated threshold for clinical signs of kidney dysfunction are akin to the cardiac angina paradigm to guide troponin ... After assessment for optimal sensitivity and specificity (Youden's J statistic), the renal angina index level derived as ...

Myocardial infarction diagnosis

The cardiac troponins T and I which are released within 4-6 hours of an attack of MI and remain elevated for up to 2 weeks, ... "Implications of the failure to identify high-risk electrocardiogram findings for the quality of care of patients with acute ... The use of additional ECG leads like right-sided leads V3R and V4R and posterior leads V7, V8, and V9 may improve sensitivity ... ECG and cardiac biomarkers suggest the likelihood of a problem. Cardiac markers or cardiac enzymes are proteins that leak out ...

Acute coronary syndrome

Troponin is a late cardiac marker of ACS The aim of prognostic markers is to reflect different components of pathophysiology of ... Cardiac chest pain can also be precipitated by anemia, bradycardias (excessively slow heart rate), low or high blood pressure ... In this study, the sensitivity was 65.2% and specificity was 44%. This particular study had an 8.4% prevalence of acute ... A blood test is generally performed for cardiac troponins twelve hours after onset of the pain. If this is positive, coronary ...

Outcomes Research Consortium

"Routine monitoring of cardiac biomarkers in high-risk patients after major surgery is therefore recommended." Although how ... What causes acute surgical pain to become persistent remains unclear. However, it seems likely to result from some combination ... In non-human species, there are distinct genetic characteristics that clearly influence anesthetic sensitivity. But until ... "Association between postoperative troponin levels and 30-day mortality among patients undergoing noncardiac surgery". JAMA. 307 ...

Heart failure

... whether the abnormality is due to low cardiac output with high systemic vascular resistance or high cardiac output with low ... Acute decompensated heart failure is a worsening of chronic heart failure symptoms which can result in acute respiratory ... In groups of symptomatic patients, a diagnostic odds ratio of 27 for BNP compares with a sensitivity of 85% and specificity of ... In those with heart failure who worsen both a BNP and a troponin are recommended to help determine likely outcomes. ...

TNNT2

Jin JP, Huang QQ, Yeh HI, Lin JJ (Oct 1992). "Complete nucleotide sequence and structural organization of rat cardiac troponin ... Embryonic cTnT with more negative charge at the N-terminal region exerts higher calcium sensitivity of actomyosin ATPase ... This proteolytic modification of cTnT occurs in cardiac muscle in acute ischemia-reperfusion or pressure overload. The ... Cardiac TnT is the largest of the three troponin subunits (cTnT, troponin I (TnI), troponin C (TnC)) on the actin thin filament ...

Lipocalin-2

Goldstein SL (2011). "Acute kidney injury biomarkers: renal angina and the need for a renal troponin I". BMC Med. 9: 135. doi: ... In the case of acute kidney injury (AKI), NGAL is secreted in high levels into the blood and urine within 2 hours of injury. ... "Urine NGAL predicts severity of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: a prospective study". Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 3 (3): ... "Lipocalin 2-deficient mice exhibit increased sensitivity to Escherichia coli infection but not to ischemia-reperfusion injury ...

ST2 cardiac biomarker

In patients presenting with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), those in the highest quartile (above 35 ng/ml) have more than 3 ... "High-sensitivity ST2 for prediction of adverse outcomes in chronic heart failure". Circ Heart Fail. 4 (2): 180-7. doi:10.1161/ ... highly sensitive troponin, GDF-15, and galectin-3. One study indicated that discrimination is independent of age, body mass ... The ST2 cardiac biomarker is a protein biomarker of cardiac stress encoded by the IL1RL1 gene. ST2 signals the presence and ...

S100A1

... is a member of the S100 family of proteins expressed in cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle and brain, with highest density ... as well as reduced calcium sensitivity. However, S100A1-/- did not show the eventual cardiac hypertrophy or chamber dilation in ... Kiewitz, R; Acklin, C; Minder, E; Huber, PR; Schäfer, BW; Heizmann, CW (11 August 2000). "S100A1, a new marker for acute ... CKMB and troponin I. This injury-released, extracellular pool of S100A1 was investigated in neonatal murine cardiomyocytes and ...

Amyloidosis

More specifically, AL amyloidosis can be classified as stage I, II or III based on cardiac biomarkers like troponin and BNP. ... Treatment with high dose melphalan, a chemotherapy agent, followed by stem cell transplantation has showed promise in early ... By comparison, rectal biopsy has sensitivity of 74-94%. The type of the amyloid protein can be determined in various ways: the ... or with continuous overproduction of acute phase proteins in chronic inflammation (which can lead to AA amyloidosis). About 60 ...

Sepsis

... higher cardiac output, and dysfunctions of blood coagulation (where clotting may lead to organ failure). The drop in blood ... 46: Sepsis with Acute Organ Dysfunction". In Hall, Jesse B.; Schmidt, Gregory A.; Wood, Lawrence D.H. Principles of Critical ... The same review found the sensitivity of the test to be 77% and the specificity to be 79%. The authors suggested that ... manifest as a troponin leak (although not necessarily ischemic in nature) More specific definitions of end-organ dysfunction ...

Physical exercise

Specifically, high cardiac output has been shown to cause enlargement of the left and right ventricle volumes, increased ... Immune cell functions are impaired following acute sessions of prolonged, high-intensity exercise, and some studies have found ... During these processes, the protein troponin increases in the bloodstream, indicating cardiac muscle cell death and increased ... It increases HDL cholesterol, insulin sensitivity, and exercise tolerance. Although there have been hundreds of studies on ...

Telethonin

"Protein kinase D is a novel mediator of cardiac troponin I phosphorylation and regulates myofilament function". Circulation ... and this leads to a reduction in calcium sensitivity of myofilaments, as well as accelerated crossbridge kinetics. Bis- ... suggesting that Telethonin may be involved in the mechanism underlying Coxsackievirus B3 infection in acute and chronic ... indicate that the C-terminus of Telethonin is critical for the dimerization of two Telethonin/Titin complexes into a higher ...

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

... from an unusually high starting rate. As of 2010, however, studies have shown that the incidence of sudden cardiac death, among ... "Long-term outcomes in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy caused by mutations in the cardiac troponin T gene". Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 5 ... Frequently the first signs that a cat has HCM are tachypnea/dyspnea due to heart failure or acute pain and paralysis due to ... This ensures that the test is not wasted on detecting other causes of ventricular hypertrophy (due to its low sensitivity), and ...

TNNI3

Lee YJ, Lee H, Park JS, Kim SJ, Cho YJ, Yoon HI, Lee JH, Lee CT, Park JS (Apr 2015). "Cardiac troponin I as a prognostic factor ... phosphorylation of Ser42/Ser44 by PKC increases Ca2+ sensitivity and decreases cardiac muscle relaxation. Ser5/Ser6, Tyr26, ... An increased level of serum cTnI also independently predicts poor prognosis of critically ill patients in the absence of acute ... "Binding of cardiac troponin-I147-163 induces a structural opening in human cardiac troponin-C". Biochemistry. 38 (26): 8289-98 ...

Blood sugar level

"Acute effects on insulin sensitivity and diurnal metabolic profiles of a high-sucrose compared with a high-starch diet" (PDF). ... Cardiac marker *Troponin test. *CPK-MB test. *Lactate dehydrogenase. *Myoglobin. *Glycogen phosphorylase isoenzyme BB ... High blood sugar[edit]. Main article: hyperglycemia. If blood sugar levels remain too high the body suppresses appetite over ... Because red blood cells (erythrocytes) have a higher concentration of protein (e.g., hemoglobin) than serum, serum has a higher ...

Exercise physiology

Cardiac biomarkersEdit. Prolonged exercise such as marathons can increase cardiac biomarkers such as troponin, B-type ... higher heart rates, lower stroke volumes and cardiac outputs, reduced skin blood flow, and higher systemic vascular resistance ... Rossen R, Kabat H, Anderson JP (1943). "Acute arrest of cerebral circulation in man". Arch Neurol Psychiat. 50 (5): 510-28. doi ... Likely due to this connection, weight loss from both exercise and diet tends to increase insulin sensitivity in the majority of ...

Ageing

"The association between cortisol response to mental stress and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T plasma concentration in ... Avoidance of chronic stress (as opposed to acute stress) is associated with a slower loss of telomeres in most but not all ... A chronically high cortisol level compromises the immune system, causes cardiac damage/arterosclerosis and is associated with ... Positive self-perception of health has been correlated with higher well-being and reduced mortality in the elderly.[197][198] ...

Ageing

"The association between cortisol response to mental stress and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T plasma concentration in ... Avoidance of chronic stress (as opposed to acute stress) is associated with a slower loss of telomeres in most but not all ... A chronically high cortisol level compromises the immune system, causes cardiac damage/arterosclerosis and is associated with ... The cause is lens hardening by decreasing levels of α-crystallin, a process which may be sped up by higher temperatures. Around ...

Sepsis

... higher cardiac output, and disorders in blood-clotting that may lead to organ failure.[15] ... Lungs: acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (PaO2/FiO2 ratio, 300), different ratio in pediatric acute respiratory ... These factors include local patterns of bacterial sensitivity to antibiotics, whether the infection is thought to be a hospital ... manifest as a troponin leak (although not necessarily ischemic in nature) ...

Troponin I

... is a cardiac and skeletal muscle protein useful in the laboratory diagnosis of heart attack. It occurs in different plasma concentration but the same circumstances as troponin T - either test can be performed for confirmation of cardiac muscle damage and laboratories usually offer one test or the other. Troponin I is a part of the troponin protein complex, where it binds to actin in thin myofilaments to hold the actin-tropomyosin complex in place. Because of it, myosin cannot bind actin in relaxed muscle. When calcium binds to the troponin C it causes conformational changes which lead to dislocation of troponin I and finally tropomyosin leaves the binding site for myosin on actin leading to contraction of muscle. The letter I is given due to its inhibitory character. The tissue specific subtypes are: Slow-twitch skeletal muscle isoform troponin I, TNNI1 (1q31.3, 191042) Fast-twitch skeletal muscle isoform troponin I, TNNI2 (11p15.5, ...

TNNI1

Troponin I, slow skeletal muscle is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNNI1 gene. It is a tissue-specific subtype of troponin I, which in turn is a part of the troponin complex. Gene TNNI1, troponin I type 1 (skeletal muscle, slow), also known as TNN1 and SSTNI, is located at 1q31.3 in the human chromosomal genome, encoding the slow twitch skeletal muscle isoform of troponin I (ssTnI), the inhibitory subunit of the troponin complex in striated muscle myofilaments. Human TNNI1 spans 12.5 kilobases in the genomic DNA and contains 9 exons and 8 introns. Exon 2 to exon 8 contain the coding sequences, encoding a protein of 21.7 kDa consisting of 187 amino acids including the first methionine with an isoelectric point (pI) of 9.59. Three homologous genes have evolved in vertebrates, encoding three muscle type-specific isoforms of TnI. In mammals, the amino acid sequence of ssTnI is highly conserved. Mouse and bovine ssTnI each differs from human ssTnI in only four amino acids, and rhesus ...

TNNI3

Troponin I, cardiac muscle is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNNI3 gene. It is a tissue-specific subtype of troponin I, which in turn is a part of the troponin complex. The TNNI3 gene encoding cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is located at 19q13.4 in the human chromosomal genome. Human cTnI is a 24 kDa protein consisting of 210 amino acids with isoelectric point (pI) of 9.87. cTnI is exclusively expressed in adult cardiac muscle. cTnI has diverged from the skeletal muscle isoforms of TnI (slow TnI and fast TnI) mainly with a unique N-terminal extension. The amino acid sequence of cTnI is strongly conserved among mammalian species (Fig. 1). On the other hand, the N-terminal extension of cTnI has significantly different structures among mammal, amphibian and fish. TNNI3 is expressed as a heart specific gene. Early embryonic heart expresses solely slow skeletal muscle TnI. cTnI begins to express in mouse ...

ST2 cardiac biomarker

The ST2 cardiac biomarker is a protein biomarker of cardiac stress encoded by the IL1RL1 gene. ST2 signals the presence and severity of adverse cardiac remodeling and tissue fibrosis, which occurs in response to myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, or worsening heart failure. ST2 provides prognostic information that is independent of other cardiac biomarkers such as BNP, NT-proBNP, highly sensitive troponin, GDF-15, and galectin-3. One study indicated that discrimination is independent of age, body mass index, history of heart failure, anemia and impaired renal failure or sex. ST2 is a member of the interleukin 1 receptor family. The ST2 protein has two isoforms and is directly implicated in the progression of cardiac disease: a soluble form (referred to as soluble ST2 or sST2) and a ...

Cardiac marker

... s are biomarkers measured to evaluate heart function. They are often discussed in the context of myocardial infarction, but other conditions can lead to an elevation in cardiac marker level. Most of the early markers identified were enzymes, and as a result, the term "cardiac enzymes" is sometimes used. However, not all of the markers currently used are enzymes. For example, in formal usage, troponin would not be listed as a cardiac enzyme. Measuring cardiac biomarkers can be a step toward making a diagnosis for a condition. Whereas cardiac imaging often confirms a diagnosis, simpler and less expensive cardiac biomarker measurements can advise a physician whether more complicated or invasive procedures are warranted. In many cases medical societies advise doctors to make biomarker measurements an initial ...

Troponin C type 1

Troponin C, also known as TN-C or TnC, is a protein that resides in the troponin complex on actin thin filaments of striated muscle (cardiac, fast-twitch skeletal, or slow-twitch skeletal) and is responsible for binding calcium to activate muscle contraction. Troponin C is encoded by the TNNC1 gene in humans for both cardiac and slow skeletal muscle. Cardiac troponin C (cTnC) is a 161-amino acid protein organized into two domains: the regulatory N-terminal domain (cNTnC, residues 1-86), the structural C-terminal domain (cCTnC, residues 93-161), and a flexible linker connecting the two domains (residues 87-92). Each domain contains two EF-hands, Ca2+-binding helix-loop-helix motifs exemplified by proteins like parvalbumin. and calmodulin. In cCTnC the two EF-hand motifs constitute two high affinity Ca2+-binding sites. that are occupied at all physiologically relevant calcium concentrations. ...

Troponin I

Troponin C type 1

Heart-type fatty acid binding protein

... (hFABP) also known as mammary-derived growth inhibitor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FABP3 gene. The HADHB gene is located on chromosome 1, with its specific location being 1p33-p32. The gene contains 5 exons. HADHB encodes a 51.2 kDa protein that is composed of 133 amino acids; 124 peptides have been observed through mass spectrometry data. Heart-type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein (H-FABP) is a small cytoplasmic protein (15 kDa) released from cardiac myocytes following an ischemic episode. Like the nine other distinct FABPs that have been identified, H-FABP is involved in active fatty acid metabolism where it transports fatty acids from the cell membrane to mitochondria for oxidation. See FABP3 for biochemical details. The intracellular fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) belongs to a multigene family. FABPs are divided into at least three distinct types, namely the hepatic-, intestinal- and cardiac-type. They form 14-15 ...

ST2 cardiac biomarker

TNNI1

TNNI3

LCP1

Plastin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LCP1 gene. Plastins are a family of actin-binding proteins that are conserved throughout eukaryote evolution and expressed in most tissues of higher eukaryotes. In humans, two ubiquitous plastin isoforms (L and T) have been identified. Plastin 1 (otherwise known as fimbrin) is a third distinct plastin isoform which is specifically expressed at high levels in the small intestine. The L isoform is expressed only in hemopoietic cell lineages, while the T isoform has been found in all other normal cells of solid tissues that have replicative potential (fibroblasts, endothelial cells, epithelial cells, melanocytes, etc.). However, L-plastin has been found in many types of malignant human cells of non-hemopoietic origin suggesting that its expression is induced accompanying tumorigenesis in solid tissues. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000136167 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000021998 - Ensembl, ...

How to Use High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponins in Acute Cardiac Care?

2. Analytical Characteristics of High Sensitivity Troponin Assays. The high sensitivity troponin T assay has a sensitivity of 3 ... How to Use High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponins in Acute Cardiac Care?. H. Katus,1 J. Searle,2 and E. Giannitsis1 ... K. Thygesen, J. Mair, E. Giannitsis et al., "How to use high-sensitivity cardiac troponins in acute cardiac care," European ... high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T in acute coronary syndrome and in patients with increased troponin in the absence of acute ...

hindawi.com

The clinical need for high-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays for acute coronary syndromes and the role for serial testing. -...

The clinical need for high-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays for acute coronary syndromes and the role for serial testing.. ... However, use of a high-sensitivity troponin assay will also result in detection of more patients who have cardiac necrosis due ... Cardiac troponin is the biomarker of choice for the serologic diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes. International cardiology ... Therefore, there is a need to develop troponin assays with higher sensitivity, which cannot be achieved while also improving ...

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Novel high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I assay in patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome | Heart

High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I assay. The Siemens Atellica IM High Sensitivity Troponin I assay (Siemens Healthineers) is ... How to use high-sensitivity cardiac troponins in acute cardiac care. Eur Heart J 2012;33:2252-7.doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehs154 ... Association of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin i concentration with cardiac outcomes in patients with suspected acute ... Here, we evaluate the diagnostic performance of a novel high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I assay (Atellica IM high-sensitivity ...

heart.bmj.com

Risk Stratification in Patients With Acute Chest Pain Using Three High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin Assays - American College...

Risk Stratification in Patients With Acute Chest Pain Using Three High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin Assays. Jul 08, 2013 Share ... Risk Stratification in Patients With Acute Chest Pain Using Three High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin Assays ... What is the early and long-term prognostic accuracy of three novel high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) assays in ... in a blinded fashion in 1,117 unselected patients with acute chest pain. Patients were followed up at 2 years regarding ...

acc.org

Impact Of Markedly Elevated Initial High -Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T On Prediction Of Acute Myocardial Infarction In Chest...

Impact Of Markedly Elevated Initial High -Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T On Prediction Of Acute Myocardial Infarction In Chest ... Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems Identifiers. URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-307044DOI: 10.1016/S0735-1097(15)60133-4ISI: ...

uu.diva-portal.org

Serial high sensitivity cardiac troponin T measurement in acute heart failure: insights from the RELAX-AHF study

Keywords: high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T ; acute heart failure Cite As: Felker, G. M., Mentz, R. J., Teerlink, J. R., ... Serial high sensitivity cardiac troponin T measurement in acute heart failure: insights from the RELAX-AHF study. Felker, G. ... Serial high sensitivity cardiac troponin T measurement in acute heart failure: insights from the RELAX-AHF study. Login ... Serial high sensitivity cardiac troponin T measurement in acute heart failure: insights from the RELAX-AHF study. European ...

scholarworks.iupui.edu

Ninety-Minute vs 3-h Performance of High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin Assays for Predicting Hospitalization for Acute Coronary...

Ninety-Minute vs 3-h Performance of High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin Assays for Predicting Hospitalization for Acute Coronary ... Ninety-Minute vs 3-h Performance of High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin Assays for Predicting Hospitalization for Acute Coronary ... Home News Scientific Publications Ninety-Minute vs 3-h Performance of High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin Assays for Predicting ...

lifelabs.com

Use of High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin in Suspected MI

ACS = acute coronary syndrome; ADP = accelerated diagnostic pathway; cTn = cardiac troponin; ECG = electrocardiogram; ED = ... High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT). hs-cTnT ,5 ng/l. hs-cTnT 0 h ,12 ng/lAND1-h change ,3 ng/l. n.a.. hs-cTnT 0 h ... High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI). hs-cTnI 0 h ,2-5 ng/l. hs-cTnI 0 h ,5 ng/lAND1-h change ,2 ng/l. hs-cTnI 0 h ≤6 ... High-sensitivity Cardiac Troponin The clinical assessment, even combined with an electrocardiogram (ECG), is not sufficient to ...

medscape.com

Single High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I to Rule Out Acute Myocardial Infarction | The American Journal of Medicine Blog

Single High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I to Rule Out Acute Myocardial Infarction. December 23, 2017 Comments Off ... This study examined the performance of single high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) measurement strategies to rule out ... The goals of the study were to determine 1) negative predictive value (NPV) and sensitivity for the diagnosis of acute ... For hs-cTnI,LoD (27%), the NPV and sensitivity for acute myocardial infarction were 99.6% (95% confidence interval 98.9%-100%) ...

amjmed.org

Determinants of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T during acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a...

... is common during Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (AECOPD) and associated with increased mortality. ... A high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) concentration above the 99th percentile (i.e. 14 ng/L) ... Distribution of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T. The distribution of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT, left ... A high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) concentration above the 99th percentile (i.e. 14 ng/L) is common during Acute ...

bmcpulmmed.biomedcentral.com

Serial Sampling of High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T May Not Be Required for Prediction of Acute Myocardial Infarction...

high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T; TRAPID-AMI, High Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T Assay for Rapid Rule-out of Acute ... How to use high-sensitivity cardiac troponins in acute cardiac care. Eur Heart J 2012;33:2252-7. ... high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T in acute coronary syndrome and in patients with increased troponin in the absence of acute ... One-hour rule-out and rule-in of acute myocardial infarction using high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T. Arch Intern Med 2012; ...

clinchem.aaccjnls.org

Acute effects of conventional and extended hemodialysis and hemodiafiltration on high-sensitivity cardiac troponins<...

Acute effects of conventional and extended hemodialysis and hemodiafiltration on high-sensitivity cardiac troponins. E.P. ... Acute effects of conventional and extended hemodialysis and hemodiafiltration on high-sensitivity cardiac troponins. Clinical ... Acute effects of conventional and extended hemodialysis and hemodiafiltration on high-sensitivity cardiac troponins. / ... title = "Acute effects of conventional and extended hemodialysis and hemodiafiltration on high-sensitivity cardiac troponins", ...

cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl

The GRACE score's performance in predicting in-hospital and 1-year outcome in the era of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin...

The GRACE scores performance in predicting in-hospital and 1-year outcome in the era of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin ... The GRACE scores performance in predicting in-hospital and 1-year outcome in the era of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin ... The GRACE scores performance in predicting in-hospital and 1-year outcome in the era of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin ...

heart.bmj.com

Implementing High Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin Assays - AACC.org

... assays promise better diagnostic accuracy for acute myocardial infarction, allowing earlier and more effective treatment for ... Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovas Care 2014;3:313-6.. 8. Shah ASV, Anand A, Sandoval Y, et al. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin at ... High-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) assays promise better diagnostic accuracy for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), ... Home // ... // Clinical Laboratory News // CLN Articles // Implementing High Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin Assays ...

aacc.org

Patient selection for high sensitivity cardiac troponin testing and diagnosis of myocardial infarction: prospective cohort...

High-STEACS investigators. . High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I at presentation in patients with suspected acute coronary ... Single High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I to Rule Out Acute Myocardial Infarction. Am J Med2017;130:1076-1083.e1. doi:doi: ... Rapid Rule-Out of Acute Myocardial Injury Using a Single High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I Measurement. Clin Chem2017;63:369- ... Early dynamic change in high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T in the investigation of acute myocardial infarction. Clin Chem2011; ...

bmj.com

Search Results

Myocardial infarction (acute): Early rule out using high-sensitivity troponin tests (Elecsys Troponin T high-sensitive, ... New generation cardiac CT scanners (Aquilion ONE, Brilliance iCT, Discovery CT750 HD and Somatom Definition Flash) for cardiac ... Early rule out using high-sensitivity troponin tests (Elecsys Troponin T high-sensitive, ARCHITECT STAT High Sensitive Troponin ... High-sensitivity troponin for the early rule out of acute myocardial infarction In development [GID-DG10035] Expected ...

nice.org.uk

Determinants of high sensitivity cardiac troponin T elevation in acute ischemic stroke | BMC Neurology | Full Text

The aims of this study were to assess the frequency of high sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) elevation, to identify ... Acute MI is likely underdiagnosed in acute ischemic stroke patients. Dynamic changes in troponin levels seem to be related to ... Patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction (MI) within the last 7 days before admission or during hospitalization were ... Both dynamic relative change (p = 0.026) and absolute change (p = 0.032) in hs-cTnT were significantly associated with higher ...

0-bmcneurol-biomedcentral-com.brum.beds.ac.uk

TACIT (High Sensitivity Troponin T Rules Out Acute Cardiac Insufficiency Trial)<...

High Sensitivity Troponin T Rules Out Acute Cardiac Insufficiency Trial)",. abstract = "BACKGROUND: Identifying low-risk acute ... TACIT (High Sensitivity Troponin T Rules Out Acute Cardiac Insufficiency Trial). Peter S. Pang, Gregory J. Fermann, Benton R. ... TACIT (High Sensitivity Troponin T Rules Out Acute Cardiac Insufficiency Trial). / Pang, Peter S.; Fermann, Gregory J.; Hunter ... TACIT (High Sensitivity Troponin T Rules Out Acute Cardiac Insufficiency Trial). Circulation. Heart failure. 2019 Jul 1;12(7): ...

indiana.pure.elsevier.com

How does the sensitivity, specificity, and precision cardiac troponin assays vary?

... and precision of the different commercially available troponin assays vary considerably. These differences are related to a ... Novel high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I assay in patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome. Heart. 2018 Nov 15. [ ... The clinical need for high-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays for acute coronary syndromes and the role for serial testing. Am ... acute MI cutoffs. (The WHO cutoffs define acute MI using CK-MB and report troponin levels as either a higher "acute MI level" ...

medscape.com

High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T Concentrations below the Limit of Detection to Exclude Acute Myocardial Infarction: A...

... high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T in acute coronary syndrome and in patients with increased troponin in the absence of acute ... acute myocardial infarction; LoB, limit of blank; hs-cTnT, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T; LoD, limit of detection; ECG, ... High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T Concentrations below the Limit of Detection to Exclude Acute Myocardial Infarction: A ... Combining presentation high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I and glucose measurements to rule-out an acute myocardial infarction ...

clinchem.aaccjnls.org

Combining presentation high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I and glucose measurements to rule-out an acute myocardial infarction...

Combining presentation high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I and glucose measurements to rule-out an acute myocardial infarction ...

experts.mcmaster.ca

Prospective validation of a 1-hour algorithm to rule-out and rule-in acute myocardial infarction using a high-sensitivity...

High-sensitivity cardiac troponin in the distinction of acute myocardial infarction from acute cardiac noncoronary artery ... 15 High-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays, which allow measurement of even low concentrations of cardiac troponin with high ... How to use high-sensitivity cardiac troponins in acute cardiac care. Eur Heart J 2012; 33:2252-7. ... Measurement of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T. Blood samples for determination of cardiac troponin T levels were collected ...

cmaj.ca

MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Ischemic Heart Disease | SpringerLink

How to use high-sensitivity cardiac troponins in acute cardiac care. European Heart Journal, 33(18), 2252-2257. doi: 10.1093/ ... Comparing the diagnostic values of circulating microRNAs and cardiac troponin T in patients with acute myocardial infarction. ... High levels of circulating endothelial microparticles in patients with acute coronary syndromes. American Heart Journal, 145(6 ... A subset of circulating microRNAs are predictive for cardiac death after discharge for acute myocardial infarction. Biochemical ...

link.springer.com

Collins S[au] - PubMed - NCBI

TACIT (High Sensitivity Troponin T Rules Out Acute Cardiac Insufficiency Trial).. Pang PS, Fermann GJ, Hunter BR, Levy PD, Lane ... Acute penoscrotal and soft tissue swelling with cutaneous plaques.. Kearney N, Harnett C, Keohane J, Thorne J, Feighery C, ... Is plasma renin activity associated with worse outcomes in acute heart failure? A secondary analysis from the BLAST-AHF trial. ... Effectiveness of oral rotavirus vaccination in England against rotavirus-confirmed and all-cause acute gastroenteritis. ...

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Coronary Risk Stratification of Chest Pain - Trip Database

Risk stratification in patients with acute chest pain using three high-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays. Several high- ... Risk stratification in patients with acute chest pain using three high-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays. Full Text available ... High-sensitivity cardiac Troponin I (hs-cTnI) Additional relevant MeSH terms: Layout table for MeSH terms Heart Failure Acute ... Early Discharge of Chest Pain Patients Guidelines recommend a 0-hour/1-hour high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) ...

tripdatabase.com

Methods In 1920 patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome, cardiac troponin was measured using the Siemens Atellica high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I assay (99th centile: 34 ng/L women, 53 ng/L men). (bmj.com)
We evaluated three pathways which use either low risk-stratification thresholds of cardiac troponin ( High-S ensitivity T roponin in the E valuation of patients with A cute C oronary S yndrome (High-STEACS) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) 1 hour pathway) or the 99th centile diagnostic threshold (ESC 3 hour pathway) to rule out myocardial infarction. (bmj.com)
Diagnostic pathways that use low cardiac troponin concentrations for risk stratification miss fewer events than those that rely on the 99th centile to rule out myocardial infarction. (bmj.com)
High-sensitivity assays enable quantification of low concentrations of cardiac troponin in healthy men and women, and permit accurate identification of the normal reference range and the 99th centile threshold recommended for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. (bmj.com)
In 1074 patients, the median baseline troponin was 0.033 µg/L, and 90% of patients were above the 99th upper reference limit (URL). (iupui.edu)
A high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) concentration above the 99th percentile (i.e. 14 ng/L) is common during Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (AECOPD) and associated with increased mortality. (biomedcentral.com)
In a similar reanalysis of the TACTICS-TIMI 18 trial, 3 different TnI cutoffs were compared on 1821 patients to evaluate the 30-day risk of death or MI: the 99th percentile, 10% CV, and the World Health Organization (WHO) acute MI cutoffs. (medscape.com)
The 99th percentile cutoff identified an additional 10% of cases relative to the 10% CV cutoff, as well as a 22% increase in the number of cases over the WHO acute MI cutoff. (medscape.com)
The National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry (NACB) working with the ACC/ESC guidelines has recommended adoption of the 99th percentile upper reference limit as the recommended cutoff for a positive troponin result. (medscape.com)
[ 18 ] Some have therefore recommended that the cutoff level be raised to the slightly higher 10% CV level instead of the 99th percentile reference limit to ensure adequate assay precision. (medscape.com)
In addition, studies have shown that populations within the 99th percentile reference limit include patients with low troponin levels who nevertheless have an elevated cardiac risk, and that the true 99th percentile cutoff for a healthy patient population is actually a factor of 10-50 lower. (medscape.com)
However, even with high-sensitivity assays, use of the traditional diagnostic cutoff set at the 99th percentile yields a diagnostic sensitivity of only approximately 90% at the time of presentation, and many studies used less-sensitive gold standards as a comparator, possibly leading to inflated estimates of diagnostic sensitivity by this approach ( 3 ). (aaccjnls.org)
It is known that patients with troponin concentrations that are detectable but below the 99th percentile have a worse cardiovascular prognosis than those with undetectable troponin, suggesting that cardiac comorbidities lead to minor increases in high-sensitivity cardiac troponin values even within the reference range ( 5 ). (aaccjnls.org)
Assays are defined as high sensitivity if they fulfill the following two conditions: 1) a coefficient of variance less than 10% at the 99th percentile value of the reference healthy population and 2) concentrations above the assay's limit of detection are measurable in greater than 50% of healthy individuals. (acc.org)
A troponin value is considered to be elevated if the measured value is noted to be higher than the 99th percentile upper reference value for a specific assay within a normal reference population. (acc.org)
If the reference value is younger and with fewer comorbidities compared with the typical population that develops MI, the 99th percentile value may be inappropriately low, resulting in misleading increases in sensitivity and decreases in specificity for the high-sensitivity assay. (acc.org)
For example, the recommended cut-off for 99th percentile is 14 ng/L for the high-sensitivity cardiac troponin assay. (acc.org)
9 In a recent study involving 3 large community-based cohorts and more than 12,000 participants, we found that the 99th percentile upper reference limit for this assay varied across different age, sex, and racial groups 10 and was notably higher than 14 ng/L, particularly in older men. (acc.org)
The 2012 Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction requires not only the presence of elevated troponin (above the 99th percentile cutpoint) but also a rise and fall in levels over serial measurement along with supportive evidence of ischemia from the history, electrocardiogram, or imaging studies. (acc.org)
The 99th percentile high-sensitivity troponin T concentration was 19 ng/L, which was then used as an upper reference level to evaluate diagnostic performance. (healio.com)
By two hours after presentation, the high-sensitivity troponin T assay at the cut-off point of the 99th percentile of the general population (14 ng/L) had a sensitivity of 92.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 88.1%-95.0%) and a specificity of 79.7% (95% CI 78.6%-80.5%) for the diagnosis of non-ST-segment myocardial infarction. (cmaj.ca)
The high-sensitivity troponin T assay at the cut-off point of the 99th percentile was highly sensitive for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction by two hours after presentation and had prognostic utility beyond that of the conventional assay. (cmaj.ca)
Background: Whereas elevated cardiac troponin (cTn) concentrations i.e. above the 99th percentile of healthy reference population (recommended cutoff for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction) are well-documented in healthy individuals after prolonged and/or intensive exercises such as marathons, data on less-strenuous sports are scarce. (diva-portal.org)
Incidence of undetectable, measureable, and increased cardiac troponin I concentrations above the 99th percentile using a high-sensitivity vs a contemporary assay in patients presenting to the emergency department," Clinical Chemistry , vol. 62, no. 8, pp. 1115-1119, 2016. (hindawi.com)
Due to the high-sensitivity assays (hs-cTn), lower cTn levels (and 99th percentile upper reference limits) were observed in women as compared with men. (springer.com)
Apple FS, Ler R, Murakami MM. Determination of 19 cardiac troponin I and T assay 99th percentile values from a common presumably healthy population. (springer.com)
Is it time to do away with the 99th percentile for cardiac troponin in the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome and the assessment of cardiac risk? (thefreedictionary.com)
Hypertroponinemia was defined as elevation in cardiac troponin above the standard 99th percentile. (ahajournals.org)
monitor the safety of the early rule-out strategy using combined testing of copeptin and troponin at admission of patients with signs and symptoms suggestive of ACS and a low- to intermediate risk profile, who are discharged or moved to another hospital after testing copeptin and troponin negative (defined as copeptin below 10 pmol/l and cardiac troponin below 99th percentile URL). (bioportfolio.com)
Background: The implementation of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) assays and a cutoff based on the 99th cTnT percentile in the evaluation of patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome has not been uniform due to uncertain effects on health benefits and utilization of limited resources. (viamedica.pl)
Translation of the medical protocol that was implemented when high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) cutoff was lowered to the 99th percentile. (viamedica.pl)
In a porcine model of brief ischemia leading to reversible stunning in the absence of myocardial tissue necrosis, Brian R. Weil, PhD, and colleagues demonstrated delayed release of cardiac troponin I that exceeded the 99th percentile for normal animals 60 minutes after reperfusion and rose to readily detectable levels 24 hours later. (medicalxpress.com)
The Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction recommends that any increase in troponin above the 99th centile of a healthy reference population should be used as one of the diagnostic criteria. (news-medical.net)
The High-STEACS trial is the first randomized trial to evaluate whether the introduction of a high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I assay with a 99th centile diagnostic threshold would reduce subsequent myocardial infarction or cardiovascular death at one year in patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome. (news-medical.net)
Hospitals were then randomly allocated to early or late implementation of the high-sensitivity assay to guide clinical decisions using the 99th centile. (news-medical.net)
The rate of the primary outcome was compared in patients reclassified using the high-sensitivity assay (above the 99th centile but below the contemporary assay threshold) before and after implementation of the high-sensitivity assay for clinical decision making. (news-medical.net)
22%) had high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I concentrations above the 99th centile. (news-medical.net)
Professor Mills said: 'The trial found that implementation of a high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I assay using the 99th centile as the diagnostic threshold increased the frequency of diagnosing myocardial injury or infarction. (news-medical.net)

How does the sensitivity, specificity, and precision cardiac troponin assays vary? (medscape.com)
The sensitivity, specificity, and precision of the different commercially available troponin assays vary considerably. (medscape.com)
Nevertheless, the odds ratios for the adverse cardiac event rates of death or MI at 30 days were similar for all 3 cutoffs, suggesting that the lower cutoffs detected more patients with cardiovascular risk without sacrificing specificity. (medscape.com)
Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values were calculated to assess the accuracy of the MACS and T-MACS rules. (bmj.com)
1 There is no single test with adequate sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of ACS and so clinicians use a variety of clinical information to assess risk in this sizeable cohort. (bmj.com)
This explains why the specificity for AMI with this protocol is only approximately 75% because patients can have elevated high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) values due to myocardial injury that is the result of another condition not involving ischemia. (onlinejacc.org)
The high cardiac tissue specificity of TnI and TnT compared with TnC and other cardiac biochemical markers is well established. (thefreelibrary.com)
We understand the concerns of Drs. Correia and Noya about the specificity of our proposed use of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) ( 1 ). (onlinejacc.org)
Some patients will have acute myocardial infarction (AMI) ruled out immediately, whereas others still require serial testing to establish a diagnosis, as per current practice ( Fig. 1 ).This will maintain overall specificity while avoiding serial testing in a large group, reducing emergency department crowding and its negative consequences while facilitating accurate patient evaluation and care. (onlinejacc.org)
Troponins are preferred markers for myocardial injury due to its high specificity and sensitivity what makes them superior than traditional cardiac enzymes as CK or CK-MB. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Enzymes lacked good sensitivity for damage and there was a lack of specificity because these enzymes were not absolutely cardiac-restricted. (rgare.com)

High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T levels and secondary events in outpatients with coronary heart disease from the Heart and Soul Study. (sma.org)

The introduction of high sensitivity troponin assays has made the interpretation of troponin results in clinical practice much more challenging. (hindawi.com)
As a consequence, patients with very small myocardial injuries, independent of the underlying cause, have measurable troponin levels, and interpretation of troponin results in the context of the clinical setting is now more important than ever. (hindawi.com)
The clinical need for high-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays for acute coronary syndromes and the role for serial testing. (nih.gov)
Serial troponin testing will be necessary to determine the clinical significance of low levels of troponin release with use of high-sensitivity assays. (nih.gov)
This group, all members of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) Task Force on Clinical Applications of Cardiac Bio-Markers, also collaborated with representatives from in vitro diagnostics companies who have expertise in hs-cTn troponin immunoassays. (aacc.org)
In this retrospective study, all patients aged 18 and above, discharged from Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, with a diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke (ICD-10 I63.x [International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision]) between June 1, 2009 and May 31, 2010, were identified by a systematic search in our clinical database. (beds.ac.uk)
11 Thus, elevated troponins require integration and interpretation of all of the clinical data and, as a consequence, potentially increase clinical workload for practicing cardiologists. (acc.org)
Patients were assigned a probability of ACS based on the MACS and T-MACS rules, incorporating high-sensitivity troponin T, heart-type fatty acid-binding protein, ECG results and clinical symptoms. (bmj.com)
There are numerous potential benefits to clinical use of [single high-sensitivity troponin] tests. (healio.com)
High-sensitivity troponin assays are now available for clinical use. (cmaj.ca)
Recent improvement in the performance of troponin assays to comply with current guidelines for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction 1 has resulted in a new generation of assays with enhanced clinical sensitivity that are now available for use in clinical care. (cmaj.ca)
High sensitivity cardiac troponin assays in the clinical laboratories. (biomedsearch.com)
2 They must be accompanied by evidence of ischaemia (clinical or electrocardiographic) and cardiac imaging suggestive of myocardial damage. (bjcardio.co.uk)
In 2011 David moved specialty from respiratory medicine to public health medicine, and took up a post as a Clinical Lecturer in Epidemiology and Public Health in the University of Edinburgh, where he published a number of high-impact influential articles in the fields of in cardiovascular, respiratory and diabetes epidemiology. (gla.ac.uk)
Immediate rule-out of acute myocardial infarction using electrocardiogram and baseline high-sensitivity troponin I," Clinical Chemistry , vol. 63, no. 1, pp. 394-402, 2017. (hindawi.com)
Impact of sex on the prognostic value of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I in the general population: the HUNT study," Clinical Chemistry , vol. 61, no. 4, pp. 646-656, 2015. (hindawi.com)
Cardiac troponin assays: guide to understanding analytical characteristics and their impact on clinical care. (springer.com)
It is possible that compliance with AHA recommendations is less than perfect because routine cardiac testing in this population can lead to results that are nonspecific and of questionable clinical utility. (ahajournals.org)
Since their introduction into clinical practice, several generations of commercial cardiac troponin assays have been validated in analytical and clinical trials. (dovepress.com)
This retrospective study was carried out on pooled data from five clinical trials of STEMI patients (TIMI blood flow 0/1) studies where repeated blood samples were collected within 72 h after admission to assess creatine kinase (CK), cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and muscle-brain CK (CK-MB). (nature.com)
The evolution of technology has led to the development of high sensitivity troponin assays that have greater precision at clinical decision points and enable lower limits of detection. (brighttalk.com)
Understanding the clinical utility and differences in high sensitivity cardiac troponin assays, compared to previous generation products, is vital to their implementation in the healthcare system. (brighttalk.com)
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), formerly referred to as ischemic heart disease, refers to a large spectrum of clinical conditions, including unstable angina and myocardial infarction (MI). (arupconsult.com)
Clinical implications of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin measurements in hospitalized medical patients. (jove.com)
Clinical Features and Outcomes of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Women With Previous Pregnancy Complications. (amedeo.com)
4 ] also reported the same sensitivity) and a 99.8% value in a cohort from clinical practice. (onlinejacc.org)
Several clinical studies have shown benefits from CoQ10 supplementation in heart failure, including lower risk of adverse cardiac events or death. (lifeextension.com)
Publications include the scientific journal Clinical Biochemistry, a member newsletter CSCC News, and position papers on current issues such as cardiac troponin testing. (wikipedia.org)
Cardiac troponin testing in the acute care setting: Ordering, reporting and high sensitivity assays - An update from the Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists (CSCC). (wikipedia.org)
It is diagnosed with a combination of clinical history, electrocardiogram and a rise or fall in the concentration of cardiac troponin, a protein released into the blood when the heart muscle is injured. (news-medical.net)

This study examined the performance of single high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) measurement strategies to rule out acute myocardial infarction. (amjmed.org)
Cardiac troponin (cTn) measurement is useful for diagnosing myocardial infarction (MI), particularly in the inpatient setting. (sma.org)
We investigated whether early measurement with such an assay is superior to a conventional assay in the evaluation of acute coronary syndromes. (cmaj.ca)
Samples were also obtained at presentation and two hours later for measurement of troponin T levels using a high-sensitivity assay. (cmaj.ca)
We conducted a study to assess whether early measurement (at presentation and two hours later) with a high-sensitivity troponin T assay could (a) effectively rule out myocardial infarction without the need for later measurement of troponin levels and (b) identify more patients at risk of adverse cardiac events within one year follow-up compared with a conventional troponin assay. (cmaj.ca)
11 In our study, we evaluated the performance of early measurement with a high-sensitivity troponin T assay in all patients recruited irrespective of their pretest risk. (cmaj.ca)
What constitutes a relevant change in high-sensitivity troponin values over serial measurement? (thefreedictionary.com)
The MP Bio Cardiac Troponin I Enzyme Immunoassay (ELISA) provides a rapid, sensitive and reliable assay for the quantitative measurement of cardiac-specific Troponin I. (mpbio.com)
For the quantitative measurement of CKMB, Myoglobin, and Troponin-I in human serum. (bio-medicine.org)
Discuss the utilization of CK-MB, myoglobin, and CK-isoform measurement in diagnosis of an acute myocardial infarction. (medialabinc.net)

Dynamic changes in troponin levels seem to be related to poor short-term prognosis. (beds.ac.uk)
Moreover, the study serves as a reminder of the critical importance of serial changes in troponin for the diagnosis of MI. (acc.org)

What's not clear are the mechanisms driving the increased troponin levels in our cohort. (medpagetoday.com)

A proportion of patients with acute ischemic stroke have elevated cardiac troponin levels and ECG changes suggestive of cardiac injury, but the etiology is unclear. (beds.ac.uk)

The Manchester Acute Coronary Syndromes (MACS) and Troponin-only MACS (T-MACS) rules accurately identify patients at low risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in cohorts from the UK. (bmj.com)

Because of the heterogeneity of patients with acute pulmonary embolism with regard to disease severity and early prognosis, current guidelines [ 1 , 2 ] recommend risk stratification to help physicians in their treatment decisions. (ersjournals.com)
Prognosis Impact of Frailty Assessed by the Edmonton Frail Scale in the Setting of Acute Coronary Syndrome in the Elderly. (amedeo.com)

Despite these challenges, troponin is a unique marker, which allows for the specific detection of myocardial cell necrosis and the new high sensitivity assays are a great chance to identify more patients at risk and improve their management and care. (hindawi.com)
However, use of a high-sensitivity troponin assay will also result in detection of more patients who have cardiac necrosis due to a nonischemic etiology. (nih.gov)
Detection of troponins in the blood per se is not sufficient for a diagnosis of AMI because elevated levels only indicate myocardial damage without regard to the underlying etiology. (acc.org)
Enhanced sensitivity measurements of CRP can be useful for the detection and evaluation of infection, tissue. (mpbio.com)
Sabatine MS, Morrow DA, de Lemos JA, Jarolim P, Braunwald E. Detection of acute changes in circulating troponin in the setting of transient stress test-induced myocardial ischaemia using an ultrasensitive assay: results from TIMI 35. (harvard.edu)
In 1979, WHO published a revision that allowed the detection of elevated cardiac enzymes in the circulation to be included as a third criterion although elevated enzymes were not mandated for a diagnosis. (rgare.com)
Although the study may not immediately stop the unnecessary testing that follows the incidental detection of an elevated troponin level, it should focus future research efforts on understanding how and why troponin is released from the heart, so that we have a better understanding of what to say to patients when they have an elevated troponin level detected on a routine laboratory test. (medicalxpress.com)

For novel cardiac markers to be clinically useful in diagnosing acute coronary syndromes, they need to show their incremental utility beyond that of existing markers, with therapeutic implications designed to improve patient care. (cmaj.ca)

FRIDAY, March 29, 2019 (HealthDay News) -- Higher disease activity, disability, comorbidity, and poor quality of life contribute to reductions in alcohol use among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), according to a study published online March 20 in Arthritis Care & Research . (doctorslounge.com)

Especially patients with non-ACS-related troponin elevations have an adverse outcome and require careful patient management. (hindawi.com)
Strategies using a single hs-cTnI alone or in combination with a normal ECG allow the immediate identification of patients unlikely to have acute myocardial infarction and who are at very low risk for adverse events at 30 days. (amjmed.org)
High-sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT) helps in identifying pulmonary embolism patients at low risk of an adverse outcome. (ersjournals.com)
A three-step approach based on the sPESI, hsTnT and echocardiography identified 16.6% of all patients as being at higher risk (12.4% adverse outcome). (ersjournals.com)
A three-step approach helped identify patients at higher risk of an adverse outcome who might benefit from advanced therapy. (ersjournals.com)
High-sensitivity troponin T measurements identified patients with suspected ACS who were at low risk for acute MI and 30-day adverse cardiac events, according to a study published in JAMA Cardiology . (healio.com)
Those with serial high-sensitivity troponin T measurements that was less than the upper reference level (77.1%) had a negative predictive value of 99.3% for 30-day adverse cardiac events (95% CI, 99.1-99.6). (healio.com)
Assays with high sensitivity have been shown to detect myocardial injury earlier 2 - 8 and identify more patients at risk of future adverse outcomes 8 - 10 than conventional assays. (cmaj.ca)
We envisage that the high sensitivity assays will become important tools for predicting each patient's risk of future adverse events and for guiding and monitoring corresponding adjustments of preventative therapeutic interventions. (biomedsearch.com)

6 Moreover, there have been a number of encouraging studies suggesting that very low values of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin can effectively rule out myocardial infarction (MI) with a single blood draw (i.e., without a requirement for serial measurements). (acc.org)

OBJECTIVE: Point-of-care testing (POCT) cardiac troponin (cTn) measurements are being used increasingly, despite the fact that evidence on the safety of their use is outdated, not taking into account current 'gold standard' high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) assays. (rug.nl)
The measurements of VEGF, HGF, PDGF, troponin I, hsCRP, CK-MB and NT-proBNP are assessed twice i.e. as soon as possible after admission to hospital and 24h after the first measurements. (clinicaltrials.gov)
All patients had measurements of cardiac troponin I using a contemporary assay as the standard of care and a high-sensitivity assay at presentation and six or 12 hours afterwards. (news-medical.net)

median were more likely to be men with ischaemic heart disease, worse renal function, and higher N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide. (iupui.edu)
The metamorphosis of acute renal failure to acute kidney injury. (otago.ac.nz)
Cardiac troponins and renal function in nondialysis patients with chronic kidney disease. (springer.com)
The prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy is estimated to be as high as 80% among patients receiving renal replacement therapy. (renalandurologynews.com)
Serelaxin is a recombinant form of the pregnancy hormone relaxin, which regulates maternal adaptations to improve arterial compliance, cardiac output, and renal blood flow. (medpagetoday.com)

Patients with a single high-sensitivity troponin T level of less than 6 ng/L had a negative predictive value of 99.4% for acute MI (95% CI, 98.6-99.8). (healio.com)
The long-awaited FDA approval of [single high-sensitivity troponin] assays is now here," Frederick K. Korley, MD, PhD, assistant professor of emergency medicine at University of Michigan Medical School in Ann Arbor, wrote in a related editorial. (healio.com)

These results demonstrate that cardiac troponin I elevations occur after cardiac injury that is not severe enough to produce classic myocyte necrosis that is observed following heart attack and that elevated troponin levels may reflect myocyte injury in the absence of pathological evidence of infarction. (medicalxpress.com)
This study by Weil and colleagues clearly shows that troponin elevations can occur in the absence of a classic myocardial infarction , but can occur from a different form of cell death, called apoptosis. (medicalxpress.com)

Serial changes in highly sensitive troponin I assay and early diagnosis of myocardial infarction," Journal of the American Medical Association , vol. 306, no. 24, pp. 2684-2693, 2011. (hindawi.com)

High sensitivity Tn assays can detect very small but prognostically significant troponin increases, but the underlying diagnoses are diverse. (hindawi.com)
Unfortunately, most commercial troponin assays do not have the sensitivity and precision to reliably detect troponin in sera of healthy subjects. (nih.gov)
The high-sensitivity cardiac troponin test can detect very small levels of troponin T in the bloodstream. (medicinenet.com)

Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB. (wikipedia.org)
Measuring cMyBP-C in uniplex or together with creatine kinase MB and cardiac troponin I showed comparable sensitivity. (jove.com)

Patients who have experienced cerebral ischaemic events are at high risk for recurrent ischaemia 1 and other cardiovascular events. (bmj.com)
Troponin I and cardiovascular risk prediction in the general population: the BiomarCaRE consortium. (springer.com)
There's a recognition that we need to develop better ways of identifying inflammatory patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease," Skeoch said in presenting the results at the annual meeting of the British Society for Rheumatology . (medpagetoday.com)
In addition, patients in the highest tertile of hs-TnI had a sixfold increased risk for cardiovascular death compared with the lowest tertile (HR 6.19, 95% CI 2.39 to 16.01). (medpagetoday.com)
In this analysis we've shown that baseline troponin levels do predict cardiovascular death in inflammatory arthritis, and this association was independent of traditional risk factors," Skeoch said. (medpagetoday.com)
The chronic-phase TMAO level independently predicted future cardiovascular events (adjusted hazard ratio for 0.1 increase in log chronic-phase TMAO level: 1.343, 95% confidence interval 1.122-1.636, P = 0.001), but the acute-phase TMAO level did not. (nature.com)
We hypothesized that TMAO levels change after secondary preventive therapies for STEMI and that chronic-phase TMAO levels are more important than acute-phase levels in preventing secondary cardiovascular events. (nature.com)
The second aim was to compare the impact of the acute-phase and chronic-phase TMAO levels on coronary plaque progression and cardiovascular events in patients after STEMI. (nature.com)

Validity of a novel point-of-care troponin assay for single-test rule-out of acute myocardial infarction. (otago.ac.nz)

Guidelines for diagnosing acute myocardial infarction (AMI) recommend adding kinetic changes to the initial cardiac troponin (cTn) blood concentration to improve AMI diagnosis. (aaccjnls.org)
Main outcome measures Positive predictive value of an elevated cardiac troponin concentration for a diagnosis of type 1 myocardial infarction. (bmj.com)

The use of LEA with general anesthesia in high risk patients with ischemic heart disease undergoing major non-cardiac surgery is associated with less perioperative acute inflammatory response, less post-operative pain and can reduce the perioperative myocardial damage. (omicsonline.org)
Allelic polymorphism of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene in patients with acute or stable presentation of ischemic heart disease. (medscape.com)
Acute Coronary Syndrome - Ischemic Heart Disease. (arupconsult.com)

Cardiac troponins are sensitive and specific markers of myocardial necrosis, and are measured routinely in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (MI). (beds.ac.uk)
1,2 Both troponin T (TnT) and troponin I (TnI) are cardio-specific structural subunits and highly sensitive and specific markers of myocardial injury. (bjcardio.co.uk)

Whether baseline troponin status affected the treatment effect of serelaxin was assessed using interactions terms. (iupui.edu)
The treatment effect of serelaxin did not differ by baseline troponin levels. (iupui.edu)
The high prevalence of baseline ECG abnormalities may limit sensitivity for identifying acute coronary syndrome (ACS). (renalandurologynews.com)
This cutoff for the "normal" level of troponin T was determined by looking at several studies of patients who were "apparently healthy" (no heart complaints) and had this level of troponin T in the bloodstream as a baseline. (medicinenet.com)

Assessment of disease severity and outcome in patients with systemic light-chain amyloidosis by the high-sensitivity troponin T assay. (sma.org)
This observational study sought to validate and compare the MACS and T-MACS rules for assessment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). (bmj.com)
A failure to undertake further ischaemia assessment suggests a lack of initial conviction of a cardiac diagnosis. (bjcardio.co.uk)
Current practice also recommends that a further ischaemia assessment be undertaken in troponin-negative patients to evaluate for unstable angina. (bjcardio.co.uk)
A risk assessment score and initial high-sensitivity troponin combine to identify low risk of acute myocardial infarction in the emergency department. (otago.ac.nz)
The gold standard of IS assessment is the quantification of late gadolinium enhancement in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (nature.com)
Role of Doppler echocardiography for cardiac output assessment in Fontan patients. (amedeo.com)

More importantly, hs troponin assays enable us to exclude acute myocardial infarction much earlier than conventional troponin assays. (hindawi.com)

The WHO cutoffs define acute MI using CK-MB and report troponin levels as either a higher "acute MI level" or a lower "intermediate level" that is correlated with "leak" or "minor myocardial injury. (medscape.com)
[ 17 ] The advantage of ultrasensitive troponins is based on the premise that lower cutoff levels achieve higher sensitivity that will allow earlier diagnosis, often within 90 minutes of presentation. (medscape.com)
Advancements in technology have led to the development of high-sensitivity assays detecting troponin at levels 10- to 100-fold lower than levels measured by contemporary troponin assays. (acc.org)
Cardiac troponin T levels were measured with a high-sensitivity assay at presentation and two hours later. (cmaj.ca)
CK levels were only significantly higher in those who died versus those who were alive (WMD 0.47 95% CI 0.09-0.84, p=0.014). (physiciansweekly.com)
In recognition of this strong association, the American Heart Association (AHA) has published guidelines that recommend emergent noninvasive cardiac testing of all patients admitted with AIS, including cardiac enzyme levels. (ahajournals.org)
Plasma TMAO levels significantly increased from the acute phase to the chronic phase of STEMI (median: 5.63 to 6.76 μM, P = 0.048). (nature.com)
Thus, the first aim of the current study was to assess sequential changes in TMAO levels between the acute phase of STEMI and 10 months after the implementation of secondary preventive treatments. (nature.com)
Levels of MR-proADM and CT-proET-1 were significantly higher among patients with myocardial injury and were correlated with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. (biomedcentral.com)
The main use of testing troponin levels is to diagnose a heart attack. (medicinenet.com)
Blood tests for troponin I and T have been developed to measure the levels of troponin proteins when doctors suspect damage to the heart muscle from a heart attack. (medicinenet.com)
What are normal levels of troponin in the blood? (medicinenet.com)
Thus, when the high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T test detects levels above 14 ng/l, heart damage or heart attack is likely. (medicinenet.com)
As the high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T test becomes more widely used, further refinement in the cutoff levels for normal troponin T is expected based on patient's age, sex, underlying medical conditions, and ethnicity. (medicinenet.com)
Maternal lipid levels (total cholesterol, high-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides) collected from fasting blood samples collected at less than 20 and 24-29 weeks' gestation and child weight status at age 3 were examined prospectively among 183 mother-child dyads enrolled in the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition. (readbyqxmd.com)

More recently, high-sensitivity assays have been developed that can predict events in asymptomatic individuals in the general population. (medpagetoday.com)

In patients with unstable AP, pathological postmortem investigations have documented that unstable AP leading to MI or cardiac death frequently is preceded by microinfarctions (2). (thefreelibrary.com)
1 The most common serious underlying causes for this symptom are acute coronary syndromes (ACS), incorporating acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina pectoris. (mja.com.au)
Which patients with unstable angina or non-Q-wave myocardial infarction should have immediate cardiac catheterization? (essentialevidenceplus.com)

This enhances clinicians' ability to rule in or rule out acute myocardial infarction for timely intervention. (brighttalk.com)

Anatomy 25

Organisms 12

Diseases 44

Chemicals and Drugs 48

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment 81

Psychiatry and Psychology 1

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Disciplines and Occupations 4

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