Hepatitis b vaccines. Medical search

Vaccines or candidate vaccines containing inactivated hepatitis B or some of its component antigens and designed to prevent hepatitis B. Some vaccines may be recombinantly produced.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS genus, HEPATITIS B VIRUS. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.

Antibodies to the HEPATITIS B ANTIGENS, including antibodies to the surface (Australia) and core of the Dane particle and those to the "e" antigens.

The type species of the genus ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS which causes human HEPATITIS B and is also apparently a causal agent in human HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA. The Dane particle is an intact hepatitis virion, named after its discoverer. Non-infectious spherical and tubular particles are also seen in the serum.

Those hepatitis B antigens found on the surface of the Dane particle and on the 20 nm spherical and tubular particles. Several subspecificities of the surface antigen are known. These were formerly called the Australia antigen.

Any vaccine raised against any virus or viral derivative that causes hepatitis.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS B VIRUS lasting six months or more. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.

The hepatitis B antigen within the core of the Dane particle, the infectious hepatitis virion.

Schedule giving optimum times usually for primary and/or secondary immunization.

Two or more vaccines in a single dosage form.

Small synthetic peptides that mimic surface antigens of pathogens and are immunogenic, or vaccines manufactured with the aid of recombinant DNA techniques. The latter vaccines may also be whole viruses whose nucleic acids have been modified.

Administration of vaccines to stimulate the host's immune response. This includes any preparation intended for active immunological prophylaxis.

Suspensions of killed or attenuated microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa), antigenic proteins, synthetic constructs, or other bio-molecular derivatives, administered for the prevention, amelioration, or treatment of infectious and other diseases.

A closely related group of antigens found in the plasma only during the infective phase of hepatitis B or in virulent chronic hepatitis B, probably indicating active virus replication; there are three subtypes which may exist in a complex with immunoglobulins G.

Antigens of the virion of the HEPATITIS B VIRUS or the Dane particle, its surface (HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGENS), core (HEPATITIS B CORE ANTIGENS), and other associated antigens, including the HEPATITIS B E ANTIGENS.

Days commemorating events. Holidays also include vacation periods.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the HEPATOVIRUS genus, HUMAN HEPATITIS A VIRUS. It can be transmitted through fecal contamination of food or water.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with hepatitis A virus (HEPATOVIRUS).

Any immunization following a primary immunization and involving exposure to the same or a closely related antigen.

Organized services to administer immunization procedures in the prevention of various diseases. The programs are made available over a wide range of sites: schools, hospitals, public health agencies, voluntary health agencies, etc. They are administered to an equally wide range of population groups or on various administrative levels: community, municipal, state, national, international.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines containing antigenic polysaccharides from Haemophilus influenzae and designed to prevent infection. The vaccine can contain the polysaccharides alone or more frequently polysaccharides conjugated to carrier molecules. It is also seen as a combined vaccine with diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine.

A vaccine consisting of DIPHTHERIA TOXOID; TETANUS TOXOID; and whole-cell PERTUSSIS VACCINE. The vaccine protects against diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough.

A suspension of formalin-inactivated poliovirus grown in monkey kidney cell tissue culture and used to prevent POLIOMYELITIS.

Suspensions of attenuated or killed viruses administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious viral disease.

Vaccines in which the infectious microbial nucleic acid components have been destroyed by chemical or physical treatment (e.g., formalin, beta-propiolactone, gamma radiation) without affecting the antigenicity or immunogenicity of the viral coat or bacterial outer membrane proteins.

Antibodies to the HEPATITIS A ANTIGENS including antibodies to envelope, core, and non-structural proteins.

Semisynthetic vaccines consisting of polysaccharide antigens from microorganisms attached to protein carrier molecules. The carrier protein is recognized by macrophages and T-cells thus enhancing immunity. Conjugate vaccines induce antibody formation in people not responsive to polysaccharide alone, induce higher levels of antibody, and show a booster response on repeated injection.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER.

Suspensions of attenuated or killed bacteria administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious bacterial disease.

An ethylmercury-sulfidobenzoate that has been used as a preservative in VACCINES; ANTIVENINS; and OINTMENTS. It was formerly used as a topical antiseptic. It degrades to ethylmercury and thiosalicylate.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans due to infection by VIRUSES. There are several significant types of human viral hepatitis with infection caused by enteric-transmission (HEPATITIS A; HEPATITIS E) or blood transfusion (HEPATITIS B; HEPATITIS C; and HEPATITIS D).

Recombinant DNA vectors encoding antigens administered for the prevention or treatment of disease. The host cells take up the DNA, express the antigen, and present it to the immune system in a manner similar to that which would occur during natural infection. This induces humoral and cellular immune responses against the encoded antigens. The vector is called naked DNA because there is no need for complex formulations or delivery agents; the plasmid is injected in saline or other buffers.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans that is caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS lasting six months or more. Chronic hepatitis C can lead to LIVER CIRRHOSIS.

Forceful administration into a muscle of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle piercing the muscle and any tissue covering it.

The condition of harboring an infective organism without manifesting symptoms of infection. The organism must be readily transmissible to another susceptible host.

A species in the genus HEPATOVIRUS containing one serotype and two strains: HUMAN HEPATITIS A VIRUS and Simian hepatitis A virus causing hepatitis in humans (HEPATITIS A) and primates, respectively.

A DNA virus that closely resembles human hepatitis B virus. It has been recovered from naturally infected ducks.

Substances added to pharmaceutical preparations to protect them from chemical change or microbial action. They include ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS and antioxidants.

An infant during the first month after birth.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER with ongoing hepatocellular injury for 6 months or more, characterized by NECROSIS of HEPATOCYTES and inflammatory cell (LEUKOCYTES) infiltration. Chronic hepatitis can be caused by viruses, medications, autoimmune diseases, and other unknown factors.

Educational institutions for individuals specializing in the field of nursing.

The formaldehyde-inactivated toxin of Corynebacterium diphtheriae. It is generally used in mixtures with TETANUS TOXOID and PERTUSSIS VACCINE; (DTP); or with tetanus toxoid alone (DT for pediatric use and Td, which contains 5- to 10-fold less diphtheria toxoid, for other use). Diphtheria toxoid is used for the prevention of diphtheria; DIPHTHERIA ANTITOXIN is for treatment.

Vaccines used to prevent infection by MUMPS VIRUS. Best known is the live attenuated virus vaccine of chick embryo origin, used for routine immunization of children and for immunization of adolescents and adults who have not had mumps or been immunized with live mumps vaccine. Children are usually immunized with measles-mumps-rubella combination vaccine.

The forcing into the skin of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle, piercing the top skin layer.

Immunoglobulins raised by any form of viral hepatitis; some of these antibodies are used to diagnose the specific kind of hepatitis.

Agents used in the prophylaxis or therapy of VIRUS DISEASES. Some of the ways they may act include preventing viral replication by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; binding to specific cell-surface receptors and inhibiting viral penetration or uncoating; inhibiting viral protein synthesis; or blocking late stages of virus assembly.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines containing inactivated HIV or some of its component antigens and designed to prevent or treat AIDS. Some vaccines containing antigens are recombinantly produced.

A combined vaccine used to prevent MEASLES; MUMPS; and RUBELLA.

Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.

A type of H. influenzae isolated most frequently from biotype I. Prior to vaccine availability, it was a leading cause of childhood meningitis.

A genus of FLAVIVIRIDAE causing parenterally-transmitted HEPATITIS C which is associated with transfusions and drug abuse. Hepatitis C virus is the type species.

Substances that augment, stimulate, activate, potentiate, or modulate the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. The classical agents (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contain bacterial antigens. Some are endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Their mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy of many biological response modifiers is related to their antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity.

Antibodies to the HEPATITIS C ANTIGENS including antibodies to envelope, core, and non-structural proteins.

A compound with many biomedical applications: as a gastric antacid, an antiperspirant, in dentifrices, as an emulsifier, as an adjuvant in bacterins and vaccines, in water purification, etc.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.

The individuals employed by the hospital.

The process of keeping pharmaceutical products in an appropriate location.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS.

Deliberate stimulation of the host's immune response. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of ANTIGENS or IMMUNOLOGIC ADJUVANTS. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of IMMUNE SERA or LYMPHOCYTES or their extracts (e.g., transfer factor, immune RNA) or transplantation of immunocompetent cell producing tissue (thymus or bone marrow).

Vaccines consisting of one or more antigens that stimulate a strong immune response. They are purified from microorganisms or produced by recombinant DNA techniques, or they can be chemically synthesized peptides.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in animals due to viral infection.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS DELTA VIRUS, a defective RNA virus that can only infect HEPATITIS B patients. For its viral coating, hepatitis delta virus requires the HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGENS produced by these patients. Hepatitis D can occur either concomitantly with (coinfection) or subsequent to (superinfection) hepatitis B infection. Similar to hepatitis B, it is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.

The transmission of infectious disease or pathogens from one generation to another. It includes transmission in utero or intrapartum by exposure to blood and secretions, and postpartum exposure via breastfeeding.

Any of the viruses that cause inflammation of the liver. They include both DNA and RNA viruses as well viruses from humans and animals.

Aluminum metal sulfate compounds used medically as astringents and for many industrial purposes. They are used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of ulcerative stomatitis, leukorrhea, conjunctivitis, pharyngitis, metritis, and minor wounds.

The production of ANTIBODIES by proliferating and differentiated B-LYMPHOCYTES under stimulation by ANTIGENS.

A reverse transcriptase inhibitor and ZALCITABINE analog in which a sulfur atom replaces the 3' carbon of the pentose ring. It is used to treat HIV disease.

Acute INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans; caused by HEPATITIS E VIRUS, a non-enveloped single-stranded RNA virus. Similar to HEPATITIS A, its incubation period is 15-60 days and is enterically transmitted, usually by fecal-oral transmission.

A defective virus, containing particles of RNA nucleoprotein in virion-like form, present in patients with acute hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis. It requires the presence of a hepadnavirus for full replication. This is the lone species in the genus Deltavirus.

A positive-stranded RNA virus species in the genus HEPEVIRUS, causing enterically-transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis (HEPATITIS E).

EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES based on the detection through serological testing of characteristic change in the serum level of specific ANTIBODIES. Latent subclinical infections and carrier states can thus be detected in addition to clinically overt cases.

A strain of HEPATITIS A VIRUS which causes hepatitis in humans. The virus replicates in hepatocytes and is presumed to reach the intestine via the bile duct. Transmission occurs by the fecal-oral route.

A chronic self-perpetuating hepatocellular INFLAMMATION of unknown cause, usually with HYPERGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA and serum AUTOANTIBODIES.

A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.

Vaccines made from antigens arising from any of the four strains of Plasmodium which cause malaria in humans, or from P. berghei which causes malaria in rodents.

Immunoglobulins produced in a response to BACTERIAL ANTIGENS.

The co-occurrence of pregnancy and an INFECTION. The infection may precede or follow FERTILIZATION.

A circumstance where a substance or organism takes fire and burns without an exogenous source. Spontaneous human combustion differs from preternatural human combustibility in that in the latter, some spark or trivial flame sets the fire and the body tissues, which have a greatly enhanced inflammability, continue to undergo incineration without any external heat source or combustible materials. (Bergman NA. Spontaneous human combustion: its role in literature and science. Pharos 1988;Fall;51(4):18-21)

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTIONS. Human vaccines are intended to reduce the incidence of UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS, so they are sometimes considered a type of CANCER VACCINES. They are often composed of CAPSID PROTEINS, especially L1 protein, from various types of ALPHAPAPILLOMAVIRUS.

Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.

Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in non-human animals.

The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.

A live attenuated virus vaccine of chick embryo origin, used for routine immunization of children and for immunization of adolescents and adults who have not had measles or been immunized with live measles vaccine and have no serum antibodies against measles. Children are usually immunized with measles-mumps-rubella combination vaccine. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to pyruvate and L-glutamate. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.6.1.2.

Strains of Neisseria meningitidis which are the most common ones causing infections or disease in infants. Serogroup B strains are isolated most frequently in sporadic cases, and are less common in outbreaks and epidemics.

Vaccines used to prevent TYPHOID FEVER and/or PARATYPHOID FEVER which are caused by various species of SALMONELLA. Attenuated, subunit, and inactivated forms of the vaccines exist.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Ribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.

Men and women working in the provision of health services, whether as individual practitioners or employees of health institutions and programs, whether or not professionally trained, and whether or not subject to public regulation. (From A Discursive Dictionary of Health Care, 1976)

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with CYTOMEGALOVIRUS.

Formerly known as Siam, this is a Southeast Asian nation at the center of the Indochina peninsula. Bangkok is the capital city.

An AT-hook-containing (AT-HOOK MOTIFS) nuclear protein that is expressed predominantly in proliferating and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells.

The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.

The process of intracellular viral multiplication, consisting of the synthesis of PROTEINS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; and sometimes LIPIDS, and their assembly into a new infectious particle.

A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.

One of the type I interferons produced by peripheral blood leukocytes or lymphoblastoid cells. In addition to antiviral activity, it activates NATURAL KILLER CELLS and B-LYMPHOCYTES, and down-regulates VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR expression through PI-3 KINASE and MAPK KINASES signaling pathways.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

A genus of PICORNAVIRIDAE causing infectious hepatitis naturally in humans and experimentally in other primates. It is transmitted through fecal contamination of food or water. HEPATITIS A VIRUS is the type species.

A specific immune response elicited by a specific dose of an immunologically active substance or cell in an organism, tissue, or cell.

A suspension of killed Bordetella pertussis organisms, used for immunization against pertussis (WHOOPING COUGH). It is generally used in a mixture with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (DTP). There is an acellular pertussis vaccine prepared from the purified antigenic components of Bordetella pertussis, which causes fewer adverse reactions than whole-cell vaccine and, like the whole-cell vaccine, is generally used in a mixture with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

Antigens of the virions of HEPACIVIRUS, their surface, core, or other associated antigens.

An active immunizing agent and a viable avirulent attenuated strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, var. bovis, which confers immunity to mycobacterial infections. It is used also in immunotherapy of neoplasms due to its stimulation of antibodies and non-specific immunity.

Combined vaccines consisting of DIPHTHERIA TOXOID; TETANUS TOXOID; and an acellular form of PERTUSSIS VACCINE. At least five different purified antigens of B. pertussis have been used in various combinations in these vaccines.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent and treat RABIES. The inactivated virus vaccine is used for preexposure immunization to persons at high risk of exposure, and in conjunction with rabies immunoglobulin, for postexposure prophylaxis.

A species of the CORONAVIRUS genus causing hepatitis in mice. Four strains have been identified as MHV 1, MHV 2, MHV 3, and MHV 4 (also known as MHV-JHM, which is neurotropic and causes disseminated encephalomyelitis with demyelination as well as focal liver necrosis).

Antigens from any of the hepatitis viruses including surface, core, and other associated antigens.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Carbon-containing phosphonic acid compounds. Included under this heading are compounds that have carbon bound to either OXYGEN atom or the PHOSPHOROUS atom of the (P=O)O2 structure.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with ROTAVIRUS.

Antigens produced by various strains of HEPATITIS D VIRUS.

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with VIBRIO CHOLERAE. The original cholera vaccine consisted of killed bacteria, but other kinds of vaccines now exist.

Transmembrane proteins that form the beta subunits of the HLA-DQ antigens.

The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Proteins found mainly in icosahedral DNA and RNA viruses. They consist of proteins directly associated with the nucleic acid inside the NUCLEOCAPSID.

Antigens produced by various strains of HEPATITIS A VIRUS such as the human hepatitis A virus (HEPATITIS A VIRUS, HUMAN).

The quantity of measurable virus in a body fluid. Change in viral load, measured in plasma, is sometimes used as a SURROGATE MARKER in disease progression.

A live VACCINIA VIRUS vaccine of calf lymph or chick embryo origin, used for immunization against smallpox. It is now recommended only for laboratory workers exposed to smallpox virus. Certain countries continue to vaccinate those in the military service. Complications that result from smallpox vaccination include vaccinia, secondary bacterial infections, and encephalomyelitis. (Dorland, 28th ed)

A live, attenuated varicella virus vaccine used for immunization against chickenpox. It is recommended for children between the ages of 12 months and 13 years.

A genus of Sciuridae consisting of 14 species. They are shortlegged, burrowing rodents which hibernate in winter.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent or treat TUBERCULOSIS.

The complete genetic complement contained in a DNA or RNA molecule in a virus.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

A case-control study of risk factors for Haemophilus influenzae type B disease in Navajo children. (1/1003)

To understand the potential risk factors and protective factors for invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease, we conducted a case-control study among Navajo children less than two years of age resident on the Navajo Nation. We analyzed household interview data for 60 cases that occurred between August 1988 and February 1991, and for 116 controls matched by age, gender, and geographic location. The Hib vaccine recipients were excluded from the analyses. Conditional logistic regression models were fit to examine many variables relating to social and environmental conditions. Risk factors determined to be important were never breast fed (odds ratio [OR] = 3.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.52, 8.26), shared care with more than one child less than two years of age (OR = 2.32, 95% CI = 0.91, 5.96); wood heating (OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 0.91, 5.05); rodents in the home (OR = 8.18, 95% CI = 0.83, 80.7); and any livestock near the home (OR = 2.18, 95% CI = 0.94, 5.04). (+info)

Altered helper T lymphocyte function associated with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and its role in response to therapeutic vaccination in humans. (2/1003)

Theradigm-hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an experimental lipopeptide vaccine designed to stimulate induction of HBV-specific CTL responses in HLA-A2 individuals. Previous studies had demonstrated high immunogenicity in healthy volunteers, but comparatively weak CTL responses in chronically infected HBV patients. Herein, we examined helper T lymphocyte (HTL) responses in chronically infected patients. Despite normal proliferation and IL-2 secretion, IL-12 and IFN-gamma secretion in vitro in response to the vaccine was reduced compared with healthy volunteers. A similar pattern of cytokine secretion was observed following mitogen stimulation, suggesting a general altered balance of Th1/Th2 responses. Further analysis indicated that HTL recall responses to whole tetanus toxoid protein were reduced in chronically infected subjects, and reduced responsiveness correlated with the outcome of Theradigm-HBV immunization. Finally, experiments in HBV transgenic mice indicated that the nonnatural Pan DR HTL epitope, PADRE, is capable of inducing high levels of IFN-gamma secretion and that its inclusion in a lipopeptide incorporating an immunodominant Ld-restricted CTL epitope resulted in breaking tolerance at the CTL level. Overall, our results demonstrate an alteration in the quality of HTL responses induced in chronically infected HBV patients and suggest that use of a potent HTL epitope may be important to overcome CTL tolerance against specific HBV Ags. (+info)

Home delivery of heat-stable vaccines in Indonesia: outreach immunization with a prefilled, single-use injection device. (3/1003)

Extending immunization coverage to underserved populations will require innovative immunization strategies. This study evaluated one such strategy: the use of a prefilled, single-use injection device for outreach immunization by village midwives. The device, UniJect, is designed to prevent refilling or reuse. Stored at ambient temperatures for up to 1 month in midwives' homes, vaccine-filled UniJect devices were immediately available for outreach. Between July 1995 and April 1996, 110 midwives on the Indonesia islands of Lombok and Bali visited the homes of newborn infants to deliver hepatitis B vaccine to the infants and tetanus toxoid to their mothers. Observations and interviews showed that the midwives used the device properly and safely to administer approximately 10,000 sterile injections in home settings. There were no problems with excessive heat exposure during the storage or delivery of vaccine. Injection recipients and midwives expressed a strong preference for the UniJect device over a standard syringe. Use of the prefilled device outside the cold chain simplified the logistics and facilitated the speed and efficiency of home visits, while the single-dose format minimized vaccine wastage. (+info)

Update on diagnosis, management, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection. (4/1003)

Acute and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a leading cause of liver disease worldwide. It is estimated that approximately 350 million people worldwide have chronic HBV infection and that 1 million persons die each year from HBV-related chronic liver disease. In the past decade, significant progress in the understanding of the molecular virology and pathogenesis of HBV infection has been made. In addition, effective treatment modalities have been developed for persons with chronic infection. Worldwide, prevention of HBV transmission has become a high priority. In 1992, the Global Advisory Group to the World Health Organization recommended that all countries integrate hepatitis B vaccine into national immunization programs by 1997. Currently, 80 countries have done so and several others are planning to. Many countries have reported dramatic reductions in the prevalence of chronic HBV infection among children born since the hepatitis B vaccine was introduced into infant immunization schedules. Recent reports from Taiwan indicate a reduction in the incidence of liver cancer among children as a result of widespread hepatitis B vaccination programs. (+info)

Immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine in preterm infants. (5/1003)

AIM: To assess the immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine in preterm and term infants, given in a sequence of three doses beginning soon after birth. METHOD: The immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine was assessed in 176 preterm infants (< 35 weeks of gestation), immunised soon after birth, and compared with that in 46 term infants. Titres of hepatitis B antibodies were determined one to two months after the third vaccine. The significance of the differences between the term and preterm groups was determined using Student's t test. RESULTS: A similar proportion of infants in both preterm and term groups attained protective titres of hepatitis B antibodies (88.7% vs 93.4%, respectively; p = NS). However, the term infants had a higher geometric mean titre of antibodies after the third vaccine than did the preterm infants (701.2 (745.0) vs 469.1 (486.2) mU/ml, respectively; p < 0.03). CONCLUSION: Hepatitis B vaccine is effective in most preterm infants when given soon after birth. It may be advisable to determine the immune response at 12-24 months of age to booster the non-responders. (+info)

Intracellular retention of hepatitis B virus surface proteins reduces interleukin-2 augmentation after genetic immunizations. (6/1003)

We have previously shown that hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigens (HBsAgs) are highly immunogenic after genetic immunization. Compared to the secreted middle HBV surface proteins (MHBs) or small HBV surface proteins (SHBs), the nonsecreted large HBV surface protein (LHBs), however, induced significantly weaker humoral and cellular immune responses that could not be augmented by genetic coimmunizations with cytokine expression plasmids. In order to understand the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, we examined the effect of coimmunizations with an interleukin-2 (IL-2) DNA expression plasmid on the immunogenicity at the B- and T-cell level of nonsecreted wild-type LHBs, a secreted mutant LHBs, wild-type SHBs, and a nonsecreted mutant SHBs. Coimmunizations of mice with plasmids encoding wild-type SHBs or the secreted mutant LHBs and IL-2 increased anti-HBs responses, helper T-cell proliferative activity and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte killing. By contrast, coimmunizations of plasmids encoding wild-type LHBs or nonsecreted mutant SHBs and IL-2 had no significant effects on immune responses. Interestingly, mice immunized with cytokine expression plasmids 14 days after the injection of the wild-type LHBs plasmid showed augmented immune responses compared to animals simultaneously injected with both expression constructs. Anti-HBs responses in mice injected with plasmids encoding secreted forms of HBsAgs were detectable about 10 days earlier than those in mice immunized with plasmids encoding nonsecreted forms of HBsAgs. Based on these observations, we conclude that cytokines produced by DNA plasmids at the initial site of antigen presentation cannot augment LHBs specific immune responses because LHBs is not produced at high enough levels or is not accessible for uptake by antigen-presenting cells. (+info)

A mathematical model predicting anti-hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBs) decay after vaccination against hepatitis B. (7/1003)

The determination of serum levels of antibodies against hepatitis B virus surface antigen (anti-HBs) after hepatitis B vaccination is currently the only simple test available to predict the decay of protection and to plan the administration of booster doses. A total of 3085 vaccine recipients of plasma-derived and recombinant vaccine have been followed for 10 years to determine the kinetics of anti-HBs production and to construct a mathematical model which could efficiently predict the anti-HBs level decline. The anti-HBs peak level was reached 68 days after the last dose of recombinant vaccine and 138 days after the last dose of plasma-derived vaccines. The age of vaccinees negatively influenced the anti-HBs levels and also the time necessary to reach the anti-HBs peak. A bilogarithmic mathematical model (log10 level, log10 time) of anti-HBs decay has been constructed on a sample of recombinant vaccine recipients and subsequently validated on different samples of recombinant or plasma-derived vaccine recipients. Age, gender, type of vaccine (recombinant or plasma-derived), number of vaccine doses (three or four) did not influence the mathematical model of antibody decay. The program can be downloaded at the site: http:@www2.stat.unibo.it/palareti/vaccine.htm . Introducing an anti-HBs determination obtained after the peak, the program calculates a prediction of individual anti-HBs decline and allows planning of an efficient booster policy. (+info)

Hepatitis B vaccination in high-risk infants: 10-year follow-up. (8/1003)

The long-term efficacy of hepatitis B vaccination among high-risk infants was determined in 805 vaccine responders, immunized at birth in Taiwan during 1981-1984 and followed to age 10 years, via life table survival and Cox multivariate analyses. At 10 years, cumulative persistence of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) was 85%, and cumulative incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was 15%. Three children became carriers. Twelve-month anti-HBs titer was the strongest predictor of efficacy. The higher the initial titer, the lower the risk of anti-HBs loss (relative risk [RR], 0.26 for titer of 100-999 mIU/mL; RR, 0.08 for titer >1000 mIU/mL; P<.001) and HBV infection (RR, 0.55 and 0.27; P<.05). Maternal hepatitis B e antigen positivity but not hepatitis B immunoglobulin dose or gender predicted greater antibody persistence to age 10 years. Because the level of antibody persistence remained high and few became carriers, booster revaccination within 10 years seems unnecessary. (+info)

... hepatitis B (recombinant) and inactivated poliovirus vaccine or DTaP-IPV-Hep B.[1] It protects against the infectious diseases ... DTaP-IPV-HepB vaccine is a combination vaccine whose generic name is diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis ... "Diphtheria, Tetanus Toxoids, Acellular Pertussis, Hepatitis B (Recombinant), and Poliovirus (Inactivated) Vaccine". Drugs.com. ... This vaccine article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.. *v ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DTaP-IPV-HepB

HEPATITIS B. VACCINE 240. HYALURONIDASE 241. HYDROCORISONE 17-BUTYRATE 242. HYDROTALCITE 243. HYDROXIZINE ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schedule_H

Engerix-B (hepatitis B vaccine). *Floxapen (flucloxacillin). *granisetron. *Havrix (hepatitis A vaccine) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beecham_

As someone formerly affected by Hepatitis C, he appeared on BBC Oxford on 28 July 2008 to promote a vaccine trial for the ... Hepatitis 'C' Vaccine Trials". youtube.com. BBC News. 28 February 2008. Retrieved 17 February 2010. CS1 maint: discouraged ... Phil has started a patient support group called Hep C Positive in Swindon and works with the charity Liver4Life to raise ... parameter (link) Toyah-The Changeling tour programme (1982). Hepatitis "C" Vaccine Trials. BBC TV. 28 July 2008 v t e. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phil_Spalding

"Hepatitis E: an overview and recent advances in vaccine research". World J Gastroenterol. 10 (15): 2157-62. doi:10.3748/wjg. ... eds.). Hepatitis Viruses in: Baron's Medical Microbiology (4th ed.). Univ of Texas Medical Branch. ISBN 978-0-9631172-1-2. . ( ... Diseases caused by fecal-oral transmission include diarrhea, typhoid, cholera, polio and hepatitis. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fecal–oral_route

"Intercell Hepatitis C Vaccine Meets Primary Endpoints". FDA News. 2007-08-22. Retrieved 2008-08-15.. ... therapeutic vaccine against hepatitis C[6] References[edit]. *^ "Valneva SE company profile, wiener börse". Retrieved 2017-09- ... Marketed vaccines generated by Valneva include Ixiaro, a vaccine against Japanese encephalitis (approved in Europe, America and ... "Dukoral, cholera vaccine (inactivated, oral)". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 2009-04-30. Retrieved 2017-04-25.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valneva_SE

Hepatitis B vaccine should be considered[1]. Causes. Factor VIII deficiency[1]. ... hepatitis B and hepatitis C. In the latest study which followed patients from 1992 to 2001, the male life expectancy was 59 ... 26% of the cases died from AIDS and 22% from hepatitis C.[24] However, these statistics for prognosis are unreliable as there ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemophilia_A

Diseases such as measles and hepatitis lead to deaths in countries where the people cannot afford the high costs of vaccines, ... Biotech potato provides hepatitis vaccine. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. February 15, 2005. Pg. 3A. Biotechnology Venture ... cholera, anthrax, and plague vaccines, albumin, interferon for liver diseases including hepatitis C, elastin, 4HB, and insulin- ... Maintaining a temperature controlled supply chain of vaccines is often difficult when delivering vaccines to developing ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharming_(genetics)

Exposure to vaccines: The only vaccine proven related to ADEM is the Semple form of the rabies vaccine, but hepatitis B, ... Karaali-Savrun F, Altintaş A, Saip S, Siva A (November 2001). "Hepatitis B vaccine related-myelitis?". Eur. J. Neurol. 8 (6): ... of MMR vaccine or smallpox vaccine) do not show increased risk of ADEM following vaccination. An upper bound for the risk of ... Some early vaccines, later shown to have been contaminated with host animal CNS tissue, had ADEM incident rates as high as 1 in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_disseminated_encephalomyelitis

Hepatitis B virus); Jonas Salk and Albert Sabin (developers of the Polio vaccines); Paul Ehrlich (discovery of the Blood-brain ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_culture

CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) Sentementes, Gus G. (1 February 2002). "Hepatitis vaccine recall stuns Passport Health ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sara_Radcliffe

"Tech professor searches for hepatitis vaccine". Roanoke Times. Mar 12, 2008. Retrieved 2020-06-08. "Professor develops vaccine ... Meng's group discovered the swine hepatitis E virus from pigs and avian hepatitis E virus from chickens, which eventually lead ... Meng is an inventor of more than 20 U.S. patent awards on viral vaccines and diagnostics. 2018: The Inaugural Lorraine J. ... The U-rich untranslated regions (UTR) of the hepatitis E virus induces differential type I and type III interferon responses in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiang-Jin_Meng

Vaccine trials for JE, KFD, measles, hepatitis etc. Bangalore unit has been accredited as National Laboratory for Karnataka ... Technology ready for transfer to Industry). Epidemiology and characterization of Hepatitis viruses, development of vaccines and ... Hepatitis A, B, E, Rota, Measles and Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) viruses First visualization of Hepatitis E virus ... NIV is also the National Centre for Hepatitis and Influenza. The field unit of NIV at Bengaluru is one of the centres under ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Institute_of_Virology

Yu, Chun I.; Chiang, Bor-Luen (2010). "A New Insight into Hepatitis C Vaccine Development". Journal of Biomedicine and ... Cynaropicrin inhibits the entry of pan-genomic Hepatitis C virus into cells and inhibits cell-cell transmission. Cynaropicrin ... "Pan-genotypic Hepatitis C Virus Inhibition by Natural Products Derived from the Wild Egyptian Artichoke". Journal of Virology. ... hepatitis C virus agent". Frontiers in Pharmacology. 7: 472. doi:10.3389/fphar.2016.00472. ISSN 1663-9812. PMC 5143615. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cynaropicrin

Examples: androgenic, anabolic, oestrogenic and progestational substances; Alprazolam (Xanax), Hepatitis B vaccine, Ibuprofen, ... Schedule F-I: This contains regulations and standards for vaccines. Schedule F-II: This contains regulations and standards for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drugs_and_Cosmetics_Rules,_1945

Hepatitis B (Hep B) is a liver infection which can be passed from mother to baby at birth and can often be passed to children ... BCG vaccine is used against tuberculosis and is contraindicated in pregnancy. Inactivated bacterial vaccine is used during ... Healthy adults who catch Hep B often recover but babies and children are much more likely to develop chronic (life-long) Hep B ... Such agents are considered in pregnant women exposed to hepatitis B, rabies, tetanus, varicella, and hepatitis A. Up-to-date ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunization_during_pregnancy

In 2013, Houghton's team at the University of Alberta showed that a vaccine derived from a single strain of Hepatitis C was ... Houghton, M; Law, J; Tyrrell, DL (2013). "An inactivated hepatitis C virus vaccine on the horizon?". Gastroenterology. 145 (2 ... He also co-discovered the Hepatitis D genome in 1986. The discovery of the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) led to the rapid development ... "A hepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccine comprising envelope glycoproteins gpE1/gpE2 derived from a single isolate elicits broad cross ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Houghton_(virologist)

Jahani, M (2003). "Hepatitis B carriers in large vehicle drivers of Iran". Vaccine. 21 (17-18): 1948-1951. doi:10.1016/S0264- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_rankings_of_Iran

Rogerson, S J; Nye, F J (1990). "Hepatitis B vaccine associated with erythema nodosum and polyarthritis". BMJ. 301 (6747): 345 ... Behçet's disease Sarcoidosis Pregnancy Medications, including Sulfonamides Penicillins Bromides Hepatitis B vaccination Cancer ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythema_nodosum

Hepatitis B vaccine is an example of this type of vaccine. These vaccines are safer because they can never cause the disease. ... Vaccines may consist of either live or killed viruses. Live vaccines contain weakened forms of the virus, but these vaccines ... This is common in hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections. People chronically infected with a virus are known as ... hepatitis B and hepatitis C are often transmitted by unprotected sex or contaminated hypodermic needles. To prevent infections ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to_viruses

Another extraintestinal avastrovirus is avian hepatitis virus which infects ducks. Hepatitis in ducks caused by this duck ... Inactivated vaccines are in use for certain strains of Chicken Astrovirus (CastV).[citation needed] In a study by Bjorkholm et ... This unique structure was found to be similar to the protein projections found on the capsid of the hepatitis E virus. The ... Kelly AG, Netzler NE, White PA (October 2016). "Ancient recombination events and the origins of hepatitis E virus". BMC ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrovirus

... the Rubella and Hepatitis B vaccines were developed at Penn; the discovery of cancer's link with genes, cognitive therapy, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania

Saul Krugman (1911-1995), inventor of the Hepatitis B vaccine. Krugman as a middle name: Irene Krugman Rudnick (1929-2019), ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krugman_(surname)

Nalin's work with Hepatitis A vaccine. Mumps, measles, and rubella vaccination and encephalitis. Nalin DR. BMJ. 1989 Nov 11;299 ... Worldwide experience with the CR326F-derived inactivated hepatitis A virus vaccine in pediatric and adult populations: an ... later Director of Vaccine Scientific Affairs at Merck's Vaccine Division. 2002 - Dr. Nalin received the first ever Pollin Prize ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Nalin

"New genetic associations detected in a host response study to hepatitis B vaccine". Genes and Immunity. 11 (3): 232-8. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLEC5A

... tetapi juga hepatitis B dan hepatitis C. Berbagi penggunaan jarum suntik merupakan penyebab sepertiga dari semua infeksi baru ... Cohen, J. (2000). "Vaccine Theory of AIDS Origins Disputed at Royal Society". Science. 289 (5486): 1850-1851. PubMed.. ... Laurence J. (2006). "Hepatitis A and B virus immunization in HIV-infected persons". AIDS Reader. 16 (1): 15-17. PubMed.. ... Vaksinasi atas hepatitis A dan B disarankan untuk pasien yang belum terinfeksi virus ini dan dalam berisiko terinfeksi.[93] ...

https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIDS

This discovery was crucial for the invention of vaccine against Hepatitis. Dr. Bayer has won the Japanese Society for the ... CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) "Hepatitis B vaccine production using yeast". Exclusive Papers. Retrieved 19 August ... CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) Bloomberg, Baruch (2000). Hepatitis B and the Prevention of Primary Cancer of the Liver ... CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) "The Hepatitis B story". National Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 19 August 2012. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manfred_Bayer

A characteristic example is the subunit vaccine against Hepatitis B virus. Two future vaccinations: DNA vaccines: DNA vaccines ... Examples are vaccines against flu, cholera, plague, and hepatitis A. Most vaccines of this type are likely to require booster ... Recombinant vector vaccines (platform-based vaccines): These vaccines are harmless live viruses that encode a one/or a few ... "Vaccine Types Vaccines". www.vaccines.gov. Retrieved 2020-08-07. Bull JJ, Nuismer SL, Antia R (July 2019). "Recombinant vector ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunity_(medical)

Kennedy has also helped to develop hepatitis B vaccines for chimpanzees and proposed their use in humans in a 1986 study. His ... Kennedy, R.; Eichberg, J.; Lanford, R.; Dreesman, G. (1986). "Anti-idiotypic antibody vaccine for type B viral hepatitis in ... Kennedy was active in the search for an HIV vaccine for almost as long as the disease has existed. Kennedy has stated, "I first ... Some of Kennedy's other research focused on the immune response to viral hepatitis. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_C._Kennedy

Vaccines. Main article: Ebola vaccine. An Ebola vaccine, rVSV-ZEBOV, was approved in the United States in December 2019.[8] It ... and viral hepatitis among others.[104] ... "First FDA-approved vaccine for the prevention of Ebola virus ... The DRC Ministry of Public Health approved the use of an experimental vaccine.[207][208][209] On 13 May 2018, WHO Director- ... Weingartl HM, Nfon C, Kobinger G (May 2013). "Review of Ebola virus infections in domestic animals". Vaccines and Diagnostics ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola_virus_disease

Vaccines[edit]. Tomatoes (along with potatoes, bananas and other plants) are being investigated as vehicles for delivering ... hepatitis B, rabies, HIV, anthrax and respiratory syncytial virus.[41] Korean scientists are looking at using the tomato to ... express a vaccine against Alzheimer's disease.[42] Hilary Koprowski, who was involved in the development of the polio vaccine, ... Goyal, R.; Ramachandran, R.; Goyal, P.; Sharma, V. (2007). "Edible vaccines: Current status and future". Indian Journal of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_tomato

Fisher-Hoch SP, McCormick JB (2004). "Lassa fever vaccine". Expert review of vaccines. 3 (2): 189-97. doi:10.1586/14760584.3.4. ... have a promising vaccine candidate.[17] They have developed a replication-competent vaccine against Lassa virus based on ... There is no vaccine.[3] Prevention requires isolating those who are infected and decreasing contact with the rats.[1] Other ... "WHO Target Product Profiles for Lassa virus Vaccine" (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2017. Retrieved 11 September 2017. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lassa_fever

Since this vaccine was associated with a higher incidence of encephalitis, FNV was not recommended after 1961. Vaccine 17D is ... Mitchell misdiagnosed the disease that he observed and treated, and the disease was probably Weil's disease or hepatitis. See: ... Little research has been done to develop new vaccines. Some researchers worry that the 60-year-old technology for vaccine ... Vaccine 2017;35(43):5751-52. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.06.087 [published Online First: 2017/07/12] ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_fever

This risk can be mitigated with vaccination when there is a vaccine available, like with hepatitis B.[20] In epidemic ... Health professionals are also at risk for contracting blood-borne diseases like hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV/AIDS through ... "Does your workplace culture help protect you from hepatitis?". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Archived ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_professional

Verma R, Khanna P «Development of Toxoplasma gondii vaccine: A global challenge» (en anglès). Hum Vaccin Immunother, 2013 Feb; ... Acute Seronegative Toxoplasma gondii Hepatitis Allergic to First-Line Treatment» (en anglès). Case Reports in Infectious ... Li ZY, Lu J, Zhang NZ, Chen J, Zhu XQ «Immune Responses Induced by HSP60 DNA Vaccine against Toxoplasma gondii Infection in ... Foroutan M, Zaki L, Ghaffarifar F «Recent progress in microneme-based vaccines development against Toxoplasma gondii» (en ...

https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxoplasma_gondii

Cuba vaccine deal breaks embargo, BBC, July 29, 1999 *^ William Ventres (February 2012). "Book Review: Caring for Them From ... hepatitis and chicken pox. Other campaigns included a program to reduce the infant mortality rate in 1970 directed at maternal ... Cuba also successfully exports many medical products, such as vaccines.[63] Health tourism[edit]. Cuba attracts about 20,000[64 ... The Cuban vaccine is used throughout Latin America. After outbreaks of meningitis B in the United States, the U.S. Treasury ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_of_Cuba

Vaccines - a Biography edited by Andrew W. Artenstein ISBN 978-1-4419-1107-0[page needed] ... Use of 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine and 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine (Report). Centers for Disease ... Main articles: Smallpox vaccine and Edward Jenner. In 1796, Edward Jenner, a doctor and scientist who had practiced variolation ... He then derived a vaccine by altering the infectious agent so as to make it harmless and then introducing this inactivated form ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_induction_of_immunity

... hepatitis - hepatitis C and HIV coinfection - hepatomegaly - herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) - herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) - ... AIDS Vaccine 200 - AIDS Vaccine Advocacy Coalition - AIDS wasting syndrome - AIDS-related cancer - AIDS-related complex (ARC ... V3 loop - vaccination - vaccine - vaccinia - vaginal candidiasis - valley fever - variable region - varicella zoster virus (VZV ... HIV vaccine trials network (HVTN) - HIV-1 - HIV-2 - HIV-associated dementia - HIV-related tuberculosis - HLA - Hodgkin's ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_AIDS-related_topics

MMR vaccine. *Thiomersal (Chelation). Diagnostic scales. *Gilliam Asperger's disorder scale. *Autism Diagnostic Observation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICD-10_Chapter_F

Family Nackednaviridae - e.g. African cichlid nackednavirus (ACNDV), formerly named African cichlid hepatitis B virus (ACHBV).[ ... and impedes the development of effective vaccines and inhibitors for the retrovirus.[9] ... "Deciphering the Origin and Evolution of Hepatitis B Viruses by Means of a Family of Non-enveloped Fish Viruses". Cell Host & ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SsRNA-RT_virus

In 1985, the first human vaccine obtained by genetic engineering from animal cells, the vaccine against hepatitis B, was ... produced a genetically engineered vaccine against hepatitis B and a rapid diagnostic test for the detection of the Helicobacter ... Chantemesse's typhoid vaccineEdit. During the summer of 1900, the extremely hot weather and scarcity of the water supply in ... Vaccines and Diagnostic ProductsEdit. Production and marketing of diagnostic tests developed in the Institute laboratories are ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasteur_Institute

The scientific approach to food and nutrition arose with attention to agricultural chemistry in the works of J. G. Wallerius, Humphry Davy, and others. For example, Davy published Elements of Agricultural Chemistry, in a Course of Lectures for the Board of Agriculture (1813) in the United Kingdom which would serve as a foundation for the profession worldwide, going into a fifth edition. Earlier work included that by Carl Wilhelm Scheele who isolated malic acid from apples in 1785. In 1874 the Society of Public Analysts was formed, with the aim of applying analytical methods to the benefit of the public.[3] Its early experiments were based on bread, milk and wine. It was also out of concern for the quality of the food supply, mainly food adulteration and contamination issues that would first stem from intentional contamination to later with chemical food additives by the 1950s. The development of colleges and universities worldwide, most notably in the United States, would expand food chemistry ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry_of_food

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.10.038. பப்மெட் 15705467. *↑ "Oral Polio Vaccine and HIV / AIDS: Questions and Answers". Centers for ... Laurence J (2006). "Hepatitis A and B virus immunization in HIV-infected persons". AIDS Reader 16 (1): 15-17. பப்மெட் 16433468. ... 2004). "Origin of AIDS: contaminated polio vaccine theory refuted". Nature 428 (6985): 820. doi:10.1038/428820a. பப்மெட் ... 2005). "Mitochondrial DNA and retroviral RNA analyses of archival oral polio vaccine (OPV CHAT) materials: evidence of macaque ...

https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/எய்ட்சு

Laurence J (2006). "Hepatitis A and B virus immunization in HIV-infected persons". AIDS Reader 16 (1): 15-17. PMID 16433468.. ... Reynell, L; Trkola, A (2012-03-02). "HIV vaccines: an attainable goal?". Swiss medical weekly 142: w13535. PMID 22389197. doi: ... Walker, BD (2007 Aug-Sep). "Elite control of HIV Infection: implications for vaccines and treatment.". Topics in HIV medicine ... "HIV Vaccine Trial in Thai Adults". ClinicalTrials.gov. Consultado o June 28, 2011 ...

https://gl.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Síndrome_de_inmunodeficiencia_adquirida

... which was produced in 1979 using recombinant DNA and the first genetically engineered vaccine was created in 1986 for hepatitis ... "Hepatitis C". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 2011-07-12. Retrieved 2013-04-25.. ... Following on from this, in 1857 Louis Pasteur also designed vaccines against several diseases such as anthrax, fowl cholera and ... The same principles are used for developing vaccines today. ... caused a rapid change the development of vaccines, medical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_microbiology

Clayton, E (2012). Adverse Effects of Vaccines: Evidence and Causality. Institute of Medicine. p. 65. ISBN 978-0-309-21435-3. . ... An Institute of Medicine report says that food proteins contained in vaccines, such as gelatin, milk, or egg can cause ... sensitization (development of allergy) in vaccine recipients, to those food items.[32] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_allergy

... the bacterium to randomly change its characteristics into six alternative states that could pave the way to improved vaccines. ... The Human Epigenome Project (HEP). *The Epigenome Network of Excellence (NoE). *Canadian Epigenetics, Environment and Health ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetic

Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance For providing sustained access to childhood vaccines around the globe, saving millions of lives, and ... For development of a system to study the replication of the virus that causes hepatitis C and for use of this system to ... Discovery of the virus that causes hepatitis C and the development of screening methods that reduced the risk of blood ... For technological advances that enabled development of HPV vaccines for prevention of cervical cancer and other tumors caused ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lasker_Foundation

Connor BA (2005). "Hepatitis A vaccine in the last-minute traveler". Am. J. Med. 118 (Suppl 10A): 58S-62S. PMID 16271543. doi: ... Hepatitis A (tidligere kendt som smitsom leverbetændelse) er en akut infektiøs sygdom i leveren forårsaget af hepatitis A- ... Irving, GJ.; Holden, J.; Yang, R.; Pope, D. (2012). "Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A ... Verdens Hepatitis-Dag, som falder hvert år den 28. juli, har til formål at øge bevidstheden om viral hepatitis.[7] ...

https://da.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_A

"Biochemical and genetic evidence for the hepatitis B virus replication strategy". Science. 232: 477-484. doi:10.1126/science. ... including a new Clinical Center and a Vaccine Research Center at the NIH.[20] ... elucidation of aspects of the replication cycle of hepatitis B virus (with Donald Ganem[15]); discovery of ribosomal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Varmus

... the first known hepatitis with a viral etiological agent was Hepatitis A, in the picornaviridae family. Hepatis B Virus (HBV) ... was identified as an infection distinct from Hepatitis A through its contamination of measles, mumps, and yellow fever vaccines ... Endogenous hepatitis B virus genomes have been described in crocodilian, snake and turtle genomes.[7] This suggests that these ... Hepatitis viruses have been described in fish and amphibians also.[4] This suggests that this family has co evolved with the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepadnaviridae

Nasal: the vaccine is sprayed into the nose and absorbed through the nasal passage. Oral: the vaccine is swallowed and ingested ... 10 bacteria cells Hepatitis A: 10-100 virus particles Norovirus (commonly called 'a stomach bug'): 10-100 virus particles ... Most vaccines require multiple doses for full immunity, given in recommended intervals depending on the vaccine. There are ... Vaccinations (see Vaccine) are typically dosed in milliliters because most are administered as liquids. Each individual vaccine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dose_(biochemistry)

2015). Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases. U.S. Dept. of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_Eye

... and the creation of vaccines against hepatitis, Haemophilus influenzae (HIB), and human papillomavirus (HPV).[7] ... Coronavirus vaccine[edit]. The NIH partnered with Moderna in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic to develop a vaccine. The final ... "COVID-19 Vaccine Candidate Heads To Widespread Testing In U.S." NPR.. ... 1960s - Developed the first licensed rubella vaccine and the first test for rubella antibodies for large scale testing. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Institute_of_Health

The current types of vaccines which are in research are particle-based vaccines, attenuated vaccines, protein subunit vaccines ... A respiratory syncytial virus vaccine (RSV vaccine) is a vaccine which prevents infection by respiratory syncytial virus. No ... or vector-based vaccines.[3] References[edit]. *^ a b Dudas, RA; Karron, RA (July 1998). "Respiratory syncytial virus vaccines" ... A 2019 paper claimed that research toward developing a vaccine has advanced greatly over the past 10 years.[2] The same study ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_syncytial_virus_vaccine

Examples of inactivated vaccines include vaccines for pertussis (whooping cough), rabies, and hepatitis B. ... There are many different types of vaccines.[2] One common type of vaccine is a "live vaccine." This type of vaccine contains a ... Additional components in vaccines[change , change source]. Vaccines often contain other things besides the active vaccine (the ... Nowadays, vaccines are given to people of all ages.[20][21]. *Combinations of vaccines are becoming more common. Vaccines ...

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine

"Vaccine. 32 (14): 1579-87. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.08.067. PMC 4682887. PMID 24016806.. ... Hepatitis B (Hepatitis B virus). *Herpes simplex *HSV-1 & HSV-2. *Molluscum contagiosum (MCV) ... A vaccine for gonorrhea has been developed that is effective in mice.[77] It will not be available for human use until further ... Development of a vaccine has been complicated by the ongoing evolution of resistant strains and antigenic variation (the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonorrhea

Vaxjo: Comprehensive vaccine adjuvant database.. References[edit]. *^ "Guideline on Adjuvants in Vaccines for Human Use" (PDF) ... Baylor NW, Egan W, Richman P (May 2002). "Aluminum salts in vaccines--US perspective". Vaccine. 20 Suppl 3 (Suppl 3): S18-23. ... In the early days of vaccine manufacture, significant variations in the efficacy of different batches of the same vaccine were ... Clements CJ, Griffiths E (May 2002). "The global impact of vaccines containing aluminium adjuvants". Vaccine. 20 Suppl 3 ( ): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunologic_adjuvant

Hepatitis B vaccine can prevent hepatitis B. Hepatitis B is a liver disease that can cause mild illness lasting a few weeks, or ... Tell your vaccine provider if the person getting the vaccine:. *Has had an allergic reaction after a previous dose of hepatitis ... Vaccine Information Statement (Interim). Hepatitis B Vaccine (8/15/19). 42 U.S.C. §300aa-26 ... Hepatitis B is also included in the combination vaccine VIS, Your Childs First Vaccines ...

https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statements/hep-b.html

Hepatitis B vaccines.. Br Med J 1980; 280 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.280.6209.203 (Published 26 January 1980) Cite this ...

http://www.bmj.com/content/280/6209/203

2009)‎. Hepatitis B vaccines. Weekly Epidemiological Record = Relevé épidémiologique hebdomadaire, 84 (‎40)‎, 405 - 420. http ...

http://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/241436

A hepatitis C vaccine, a vaccine capable of protecting against hepatitis C, is not available. Although vaccines exist for ... hepatitis A and hepatitis B, development of a hepatitis C vaccine has presented challenges.[1] No vaccine is currently ... Specific vaccines[edit]. One effort involved using hepatitis B core antigen modified to carry a hepatitis C protein.[8] In a ... "Development of hepatitis C virus vaccine using hepatitis B core antigen as immuno-carrier". World Journal of Gastroenterology. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_C_vaccine

The latest safety information from CDC on the Hepatitis B vaccines: safety studies, common side effects, vaccine package ... 3 single antigen vaccines and 2 combination vaccines.. Who Should Get Hepatitis B Vaccine. Hepatitis B vaccine is given as a ... Combination vaccines with hepatitis B: These shots contain hepatitis B vaccine plus other vaccines, combined into a single dose ... Hepatitis B vaccine is safe and effective at preventing hepatitis B infections. Vaccines, like any medicine, can have side ...

https://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/vaccines/hepatitis-b-vaccine.html

... how the vaccine helps and how to get vaccinated against hepatitis B. ... Find out who is eligible for hepatitis B vaccine on the NHS, ... Flu vaccine. * Flu vaccine Shingles vaccine. * Shingles vaccine ... The current cost of the vaccine is around £50 a dose.. How safe is the hepatitis B vaccine?. The hepatitis B vaccine is very ... Hepatitis B vaccine on the NHS. A hepatitis B-containing vaccine is provided for all babies born in the UK on or after 1 August ...

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vaccinations/hepatitis-b-vaccine/

Hepatitis B Hepatitis B Vaccine. What is Hepatitis B?. Hepatitis B is a serious virus that causes inflammation of the liver. ... The Hepatitis B vaccine is recommended, but not required, for students attending NIU. The Preventive Medicine department offers ... How is Hepatitis B Transmitted?. Some common ways of getting Hepatitis B include contact with infected blood/body fluids ... Additional information on Hepatitis can be obtained from the Center for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) at: CDC Hepatitis ...

http://www.niu.edu/healthservices/immunizations/hepb.shtml

Hepatitis A is common in much of Asia, Africa and the Americas. It … ... The first effective vaccine against hepatitis A was launched last week in Switzerland. For visitors to developing countries, ... Travellers gain hepatitis A vaccine. 25 January 1992 The first effective vaccine against hepatitis A was launched last week. in ... Until now, it has been impossible to grow enough hepatitis. A virus in culture to produce a vaccine, and the only way to ...

https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg13318050-800-travellers-gain-hepatitis-a-vaccine/

Hepatitis B Vaccine: learn about side effects, dosage, special precautions, and more on MedlinePlus ... Hepatitis B vaccine is made from parts of the hepatitis B virus. It cannot cause hepatitis B infection. The vaccine is usually ... Hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for unvaccinated adults who are at risk for hepatitis B virus infection, including:. *people ... anyone who wants to be protected from hepatitis B. There are no known risks to getting hepatitis B vaccine at the same time as ...

https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a607014.html

Hepatitis A Vaccine: learn about side effects, dosage, special precautions, and more on MedlinePlus ... Hepatitis A vaccine can prevent hepatitis A. Hepatitis A vaccines were recommended in the United States beginning in 1996. ... Hepatitis A vaccine is an inactivated (killed) vaccine. You will need 2 doses for long-lasting protection. These doses should ... You should get the hepatitis A vaccine in the following circumstances: *You are traveling to countries where hepatitis A is ...

https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a695003.html

While vaccines have not yet been developed for the rest of the alphabet of infectious hepatitis, it is fortunate that safe ... and effective vaccinations are available against both the hepatitis A and hepatitis B viruses. ... Hepatitis A is a virus known to infect the liver, and infection can result in a monthlong illness featuring fever, vomiting and ... Hepatitis A vaccines are inactivated, not live, and cannot cause disease. Vaccine side effects in children can include one to ...

http://www.dailyherald.com/article/20120730/entlife/707309989/

Now scientists have found monoclonal antibodies which may make a successful vaccine a reality, researchers heard today, Sept. 4 ... Hepatitis C virus infects up to 500,000 people in the UK alone, many of the infections going undiagnosed. It is the single ... Possible Hepatitis C vaccine. Microbiology Society. Meeting. Society for General Microbiology 161st Meeting. Keywords. *BIOLOGY ... Dr Tarr is presenting the paper Human antibodies to Hepatitis C virus - potential for vaccine design at 1615 on Tuesday 04 ...

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2007-09/sfgm-phc082807.php

Treatment and hepatitis A vaccine options are provided. ... Hepatitis A symptoms may include fever, nausea, vomiting, loss ... Hepatitis A is an infection of the liver. ... Hepatitis B. The hepatitis B virus (HBV, hep B) is a unique, ... Hepatitis A. Hepatitis means inflammation of the liver. Hepatitis A (HAV, Hep A) is one type of liver disease caused by a virus ... Hepatitis C can be cured with medications in most people. There is no vaccine against the hepatitis C virus. ...

https://www.medicinenet.com/is_hepatitis_a_contagious/article.htm

Who should get Hepatitis B vaccine?. Hepatitis B vaccine is given to all babies as part of the 6 in 1 vaccine that is given at ... Hepatitis B: Adult Vaccines What is Hepatitis B? Hepatitis B is a viral disease that attacks the liver and may cause jaundice ( ... What to expect after hepatitis B vaccine?. Hepatitis B vaccine is very safe. The commonest reactions are soreness and redness ... How can Hepatitis B be prevented?. There is a safe and effective vaccine available to prevent Hepatitis B and this should be ...

https://www.hse.ie/eng/health/immunisation/pubinfo/adult/hepb/hepb.html

... everyone who needs to know the facts about vaccines and immunization. ... Hepatitis A Vaccine. Articles. Cost Effectiveness of Hepatitis A Immunization. This study evaluated the costs and benefits of ... Impact of Hepatitis A Vaccination on American Indians and Alaska Natives. In the past, the incidence of hepatitis A has been ... What has been the effect of hepatitis A vaccination on the incidence of the disease among AIAN in the US? ...

http://www.immunizationinfo.org/taxonomy/term/31/all/

... everyone who needs to know the facts about vaccines and immunization. ... Hepatitis B Vaccine and the Risk of Multiple Sclerosis. It has been suggested that the hepatitis B vaccine could cause ... Impact of Hepatitis B Vaccine. This Canadian study shows that immunization of preadolescents with hepatitis B vaccine ... Hepatitis B Vaccine. Articles. Effects of the Joint Statement on Thimerosal on Hepatitis B Immunization. Misinterpretation of ...

http://www.immunizationinfo.org/science/hepatitis-b-vaccine/

... : Why get vaccinated?. Hepatitis B vaccine can prevent hepatitis B, and the serious consequences of ... Who should get hepatitis B vaccine and when?. Children and Adolescents:. Babies normally get 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine:* ... What are the risks from hepatitis B vaccine?. Hepatitis B is a very safe vaccine. Most people do not have any problems with it. ... Twinrix®(as a combination product containing Hepatitis A Vaccine, Hepatitis B Vaccine) ...

https://www.empowher.com/media/reference/hepatitis-b-vaccine

1 ratio of reported vaccine injuries/deaths associated with hepatitis B vaccines compared to cases of hepatitis B infection. ... Other hepatitis B vaccine ingredients (including aluminum adjuvants and yeast) as well as the vaccines use of recombinant DNA ... The Flawed Logic of Hepatitis B Vaccines for Newborns. Infants least likely human beings on planet at risk of getting Hep B. ... In the decade from 1991 to 2001 (when hepatitis B vaccines contained the mercury-based preservative thimerosal), vaccine ...

https://www.infowars.com/the-flawed-logic-of-hepatitis-b-vaccines-for-newborns/

hepatitis b vaccine is recommended for adults seeking protection from hepatitis b exposure. any adult working in high-risk ... Why should adults get the hepatitis B vaccine?. ANSWER Hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for adults seeking protection from ... and sexual partners of persons with chronic hepatitis B should also receive the hepatitis B vaccine. ... More Answers On Adult Vaccines. *What is the link between autism spectrum disorders and the flu vaccine preservative thimerosal ...

https://www.webmd.com/vaccines/qa/why-should-adults-get-the-hepatitis-b-vaccine

Nanotechnology delivers hepatitis B vaccine X-ray imaging shows that nanostructured silica acts as a protective vehicle to ... Nanotechnology delivers hepatitis B vaccine. Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo ... However, a vaccine that contains a protein, as in this case, is destroyed by high acidity and its own proteases in passing ... In animal trials, the formulation proved to be as effective as the injected vaccine, if not more so, in delivering the antigen ...

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-07/fda-ndh071119.php

... used to prevent hepatitis A. Side effects, drug interactions, dosing, storage, and pregnancy and breastfeeding information is ... Consumer information about the hepatitis A vaccine (Havrix, Vaqta) ... hepatitis A vaccine. *What is hepatitis A vaccine? What are the uses for hepatitis A vaccine? ... Hepatitis C, B, and A are viruses that cause liver inflammation. Hepatitis B vaccines and hepatitis A vaccines are available ...

https://www.medicinenet.com/hepatitis_a_vaccine-injection/article.htm

... as well as occasional reports of safety problems linked to vaccines -- many parents understandably feel confused. ... Hepatitis B Vaccine Linked to Onset of Diabetes. From the WebMD Archives June 13, 2000 (San Antonio) -- Faced with an ever- ... The hepatitis B vaccine is now required in Italy, says Pozzilli, a professor of pediatrics at the University of Rome. Further, ... No doubt adding to that confusion are reports that the vaccine against hepatitis B, a blood-borne illness that can cause liver ...

https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/news/20000613/hepatitis-b-vaccine-linked-to-onset-of-diabetes

Chapter Two Hepatitis A Vaccine International and China Market Analysis Chapter Three Hepatitis A Vaccine Technical Data and ... Chapter Four Hepatitis A Vaccine Production by Regions By Technology By Applications Chapter Five Hepatitis A Vaccine ... Chapter Eleven Hepatitis A Vaccine Supply Chain Relationship Analysis Chapter Twelve Hepatitis A Vaccine New Project Investment ... Chapter Nine Hepatitis A Vaccine Marketing Channels Analysis Chapter Ten 2015-2020 Hepatitis A Vaccine Industry Development ...

http://www.prweb.com/releases/hepatitis-a-and-b-vaccine/market-research-report/prweb12662042.htm

However, due to what others have said, Ill ask my doc about getting the hep a vaccine before tx for my hep c 2b. Hope everyone ... I got my hep b shots when I was in middle school but docs say to get vaccinated for Hep A too. After youre done with treatment ... Hubby got the Hep A back in November after he was diagnosed. But we opted to wait on the Hep B because he really didnt fall ... I got my hep b vaccine as a teenager, so I dont know about getting one now. ...

https://www.dailystrength.org/group/hepatitis-c/discussion/hep-b-vaccine

... so getting the vaccine is the best way to protect yourself. The vaccine is safe and effective at preventing hep B. ... You CANT get hepatitis from the hepatitis vaccine.. If I already have hepatitis B, can the vaccine treat it?. No. The ... How does the hepatitis B vaccine series work?. The vaccine protects you from the hepatitis B virus by getting your bodys ... Where can I get a hepatitis B vaccine?. You can get the hepatitis B vaccine at your doctors office, a community health clinic ...

https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/stds-hiv-safer-sex/hepatitis-b/should-i-get-hepatitis-b-vaccine

... including hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). ... discovered this when OSHA cited the company for safety and health violations including not providing a hepatitis B vaccine to ... including hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This standard applies primarily to workers such as ... The employer was fined $20,000 for not providing the vaccine to workers with potential exposure within 10 working days of the ...

https://www.shrm.org/resourcesandtools/hr-topics/risk-management/pages/company-failure-provide-hep-b-vaccines.aspx

... and chronic arthritis are among the 60 conditions associated with the hepatitis B vaccine. ... and chronic arthritis are among the 60 conditions associated with the hepatitis B vaccine. ... Why is the Hepatitis B Vaccine Recommended?. Hepatitis B is a viral infection that affects your liver, and spreads the same way ... Vaccine exemptions: Although hepatitis B vaccines may be "mandated" for your child to attend school, each state offers ...

https://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2011/07/07/60-things-that-can-go-terribly-wrong-with-hepatitis-b-vaccination.aspx

Researchers at Nottingham University have identified antibodies that may one day be used in a vaccine against the Hepatitis C ... Researchers at Nottingham University have identified antibodies that may one day be used in a vaccine against the Hepatitis C ... which will have distinct healthcare benefits for hepatitis sufferers, and could also help us design vaccines for other chronic ... Historically, successful vaccines against viruses have required the production of antibodies, and this is likely to be the case ...

https://www.netdoctor.co.uk/healthy-living/news/a15689/scientists-step-closer-to-hepatitis-c-vaccine/

Easy-to-read patient leaflet for Hepatitis B Vaccine (Recombinant [Adjuvanted]). Includes indications, proper use, special ... Hepatitis B Vaccine (Recombinant [Adjuvanted]). Generic Name: Hepatitis B Vaccine (Recombinant [Adjuvanted]) (hep a TYE tis bee ... What do I need to tell my doctor BEFORE I take Hepatitis B Vaccine?. *If you have an allergy to any part of hepatitis B vaccine ... How do I store and/or throw out Hepatitis B Vaccine?. *If you need to store hepatitis B vaccine (recombinant [adjuvanted]) at ...

https://www.drugs.com/cdi/hepatitis-b-vaccine-recombinant-adjuvanted.html

Primary care physicians are failing to meet guidelines for hepatitis A virus and hepatitis B virus vaccination in patients with ... chronic hepatitis C infection, according to US research. ... Hepatitis B, Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C, Hepatitis E, HIV, ... Primary care physicians are failing to meet guidelines for hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in ... Altering genetic mutation could enhance FluMist vaccines protective effect. *Worlds first vaccine relieves grass pollen ...

https://www.news-medical.net/news/20121022/Primary-care-physicians-miss-hepatitis-vaccine-targets.aspx

Vaccination Surface antigen Antigen Recombinant Antibodies Cirrhosis Adults Infants Symptoms Exposed to the hepatitis B vir Recombivax HB HBsAg Virus vaccine Acute Havrix Infected with hepatitis B vir Infections Doses of the hepatitis B vacci Dose of hepatitis Effective vaccine Cases of hepatitis 1995 Outbreak Exposure Immunization Schedule Viruses 1991 Infection with hepatitis Vaccinations Rates of hepatitis Injection Allergic reaction Chronically infected People Efficacy Routine Combination vaccine Twinrix Caused by the hepatitis B vir Prevention Chronic hepatitis Adult Pregnant women Antibody levels Parts of the hepatitis C vir Protective Risks Immunoglobulin Risk for hepatitis Outbreaks Incidence of hepatitis Adolescents Viral infection Infectious Diseases Soreness Contract hepatitis Health Centers Oral hepatitis B vacci Free Hepatitis A vaccines Liver disease Receive the hepatitis 2018 Immune system Prevent Childhood Inflammation of the liver Mild

In some cases, your health care provider may decide to postpone hepatitis B vaccination to a future visit. (cdc.gov)
Hepatitis B vaccination is routinely available as part of the NHS vaccination schedule . (www.nhs.uk)
During autumn 2017, this vaccine became available in the NHS vaccination schedule for all babies as part of the 6-in-1 vaccine. (www.nhs.uk)
All babies in the UK born on or after 1 August 2017 are given 3 doses of hepatitis B-containing vaccine as part of the NHS routine vaccination schedule. (www.nhs.uk)
If your job places you at risk of hepatitis B infection, it's your employer's responsibility to arrange vaccination for you, rather than your GP. (www.nhs.uk)
Babies of mothers identified by the blood test as particularly infectious might also be given an injection of HBIG at birth on top of the hepatitis B vaccination to give them rapid protection against infection. (www.nhs.uk)
Such reactions from a vaccine are very rare, estimated at about 1 in a million doses, and would happen within a few minutes to a few hours after the vaccination.As with any medicine, there is a very remote chance of a vaccine causing a serious injury or death.The safety of vaccines is always being monitored. (medlineplus.gov)
HBsAG (qualitative) negative so i want to know can i get vaccination for hepatitus B now or should i wait until 3 month to be sure and then take vaccine please help? (medhelp.org)
She had a test on hbsag and the result is negative, so i advised her to have vaccine 1st vaccine Dec.2011, 2nd vaccine Jan.2011 and her upcoming vaccination will be on june 2011. (medhelp.org)
As a toddler, the girl had been given two hepatitis A shots as part of the revised vaccination schedule introduced in 2007. (dailyherald.com)
Childhood vaccination was initially aimed at protecting kids who lived in areas of the country with the highest rates of hepatitis A disease. (dailyherald.com)
AAP researchers find that an impressive 97 percent of children and 95 percent of adults develop protective antibodies within one month of their first hepatitis A vaccination, and "virtually 100 percent" of patients are protected after the second dose of the vaccine. (dailyherald.com)
International travelers should strongly consider vaccination against the hepatitis A virus. (dailyherald.com)
What has been the effect of hepatitis A vaccination on the incidence of the disease among AIAN in the US? (immunizationinfo.org)
This study examines the risk of developing MS after hepatitis B vaccination. (immunizationinfo.org)
Routine hepatitis B vaccination was recommended for some U.S. adults and children beginning in 1982, and for all children in 1991. (empowher.com)
Vaccination gives long-term protection from hepatitis B infection, possibly lifelong. (empowher.com)
Hepatitis B vaccination mandates fail to honor young children's liberty, equal protection, and health. (infowars.com)
Although the CDC first began recommending hepatitis B vaccination on a limited basis in 1982 for the small population of at-risk adults (and infants of infected mothers), the agency attributes the decline in hepatitis B cases during the 1980s and early 1990s to " reduction of transmission among men who have sex with men and injection-drug users, as a result of HIV prevention efforts. (infowars.com)
With a stark shift in policy emphasis toward universal vaccination for all newborns (1991), adolescents (1995) and children through age 18 (1999), "a vaccine with a limited initial target population [came] to be accepted as compulsory for every child in the country. (infowars.com)
From the beginning, hepatitis B vaccines have had their critics, who question the public health logic of across-the-board hepatitis B vaccination for infants and children. (infowars.com)
by 2006 , the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) had received over 23,000 reports of adverse events related to hepatitis B vaccination in the 0-14 age group, including nearly 800 deaths. (infowars.com)
The CDC recommends that the hepatitis B vaccine be a part of routine vaccination schedules for U.S. infants. (webmd.com)
To assess the risk of developing type 1 diabetes in children who got the vaccine later, after vaccination became mandatory in Italy, 400,000 children who were vaccinated at age 12 were compared with children who had not been vaccinated. (webmd.com)
The website Green Med Info has assembled 44 articles which together list 60 diseases or adverse unintended consequences associated with hepatitis B vaccination. (mercola.com)
Just one vaccination, hepatitis B, has been linked to all of the above and more, yet continues to be part of the standard government-recommended childhood vaccination schedule , with the first dose given at 12 hours of age in the newborn nursery of most hospitals. (mercola.com)
Further, 781 people were reported to have DIED following hepatitis B vaccination -- and this is likely an underestimate because only a fraction of the serious health problems, including deaths, following vaccination are ever acknowledged. (mercola.com)
The expert added that control of Hepatitis C may be possible if the antibodies can be reproduced by vaccination. (netdoctor.co.uk)
Primary care physicians are failing to meet guidelines for hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in patients with chronic hepatitis C (HCV) infection, according to US research. (news-medical.net)
My 5-week old daughter, Lyla Rose died within 16 hours of her hepatitis B vaccination, which she received because of the universal vaccination policy this Committee instituted in 1991. (nvic.org)
I hold each one of you who participated in the promulgation or perpetuation of that mandated newborn vaccination policy personally responsible for my daughter's death and the deaths and injuries of all the other beautiful, healthy infants who are victims of the hepatitis B vaccine. (nvic.org)
At the NVIC, we are overwhelmed following up constant new reports of deaths, seizures and autoimmune reactions following hepatitis B vaccination. (nvic.org)
Studies indicated protection for at least 30 years among healthy vaccinated individuals who started the hepatitis B vaccination before they were six months old. (healthline.com)
Q I want to train as a midwife, but don't want to take the required hepatitis B vaccination. (healthy.net)
Regular testing of medical staff for hepatitis B rather than universal vaccination would seem to be a more logical way to go. (healthy.net)
The RCM recommends that midwives who decide against, or don't respond to, vaccination be regularly screened (see Hepatitis B: A Serious Hazard, RCM Position Paper 9a, March 1999). (healthy.net)
4 In a Korean study in adult males, vaccination against hepatitis B virus has been shown to decrease the incidence of, and risk of, developing hepatocellular carcinoma in adults. (nih.gov)
1 Because a vaccination strategy limited to high-risk individuals has failed to substantially lower the overall incidence of hepatitis B infection, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends vaccination of all persons from birth to age 18. (nih.gov)
A second employee at a Contoocook restaurant has tested positive for Hepatitis A, prompting state health officials to open vaccination clinics. (nhpr.org)
Universal hepatitis B vaccination in Taiwan and the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in children. (medscape.com)
While vaccination provides the best protection from Hepatitis A, frequent hand-washing with soap and water after using the bathroom, changing a diaper, and before preparing food can help prevent the spread of the illness. (prnewswire.com)
A copy of Vaccine Information Statements will be given before each vaccination. (nationwidechildrens.org)
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination is recommended for all individuals with renal failure. (nih.gov)
ACIP adopted the recommendations for vaccination after reviewing data on HBV infection-related morbidity and mortality, available vaccines, age at diagnosis of diabetes, cost-effectiveness, and the effectiveness of implementing infection prevention and control measures. (medpagetoday.com)
The recommendations regarding male vaccination replace the 2009 incarnation , which advised against routine use in boys but stated that the vaccine could be given to males ages 9 to 26 to reduce the risk of genital warts. (medpagetoday.com)
While everybody may benefit from hepatitis B vaccines, there are certain situations in which vaccination is especially important. (canada.com)
People who have already been infected with hepatitis B, or those who have become immune to hepatitis B from a previous vaccination, do not need to be vaccinated. (canada.com)
HAV infection is a vaccine preventable disease that can produce the lifelong immunity seen in many developed countries with the vaccination schedule administered to. (ebscohost.com)
The article reports on the efforts of the government of India to achieve complete immunization by expanding the Universal Immunization Programme, introducing second dose of measles, hepatitis B and pentavalent vaccination. (ebscohost.com)
Dr. Do Si Hien, Chairman of Vietnam's National Vaccination Programme, said that between April 23 and May 7, a total of four infants went into shock after being given the vaccine. (medindia.net)
According to Hien, children under 12 months of age have been vaccinated against Hepatitis B under the national vaccination programme since 1997, with the programme expanding to all regions of the country by 2003. (medindia.net)
My partner has been diagnosed with hepatitis B. Can transmission be prevented by vaccination? (hepb.org)
Preventive measures such as using condoms can help prevent hepatitis B transmission, but without vaccination, there can still be some risk. (hepb.org)
Hepatitis B vaccine "non-responders" to vaccination who test positive for hepatitis B infection should be counseled regarding how to prevent transmitting the hepatitis B virus to others and the need for regular medical care and monitoring for their chronic infection. (hepb.org)
The need to complete the proper vaccination schedules is critical, particularly in the immunocompromised population, to prevent the emergence of vaccine-escaping variants. (cdc.gov)
What is the Hepatitis A vaccination? (holidayextras.co.uk)
The hepatitis A vaccination is the vaccine used to prevent Hepatitis A. They are given to children in at-risk areas, but is not universally mandatory. (holidayextras.co.uk)
How long before you travel do you need a Hepatitis A vaccination? (holidayextras.co.uk)
Having this vaccination can help protect you while abroad, and alongside comprehensive travel insurance , should be considered an absolute must if you are travelling to an area where hepatitis A is common. (holidayextras.co.uk)
While it is relatively rare for restaurant patrons to become infected with hepatitis A virus due to an infected food handler, anyone who consumed food or drink at Buffalo Wild Wings in Bloomington during these dates is recommended to receive a hepatitis A vaccination within 14 days of exposure as further protection from becoming ill," the health department said in a statement. (indystar.com)
Side effects related to the hepatitis B vaccination are mild, including slight soreness where the shot is given or mild fever, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (reference.com)
The hepatitis B vaccination is not an infectious agent, meaning recipients cannot contract hepatitis from the vaccination. (reference.com)
The risks for a person who does not get the hepatitis B vaccination are much more serious in nature, as people who contract hepatitis often develop liver cancer or cirrhosis of the liver. (reference.com)
Many countries now routinely vaccinate infants against hepatitis B. In countries with high rates of hepatitis B infection, vaccination of newborns has not only reduced the risk of infection, but has also led to a marked reduction in liver cancer. (wikipedia.org)
This was reported in Taiwan where the implementation of a nationwide hepatitis B vaccination program in 1984 was associated with a decline in the incidence of childhood hepatocellular carcinoma. (wikipedia.org)
In many areas, vaccination against hepatitis B is also required for all health-care and laboratory staff. (wikipedia.org)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued recommendations for vaccination against hepatitis B among patients with diabetes mellitus. (wikipedia.org)
Hepatitis B vaccination, hepatitis B immunoglobulin, and the combination of hepatitis B vaccine plus hepatitis B immunoglobulin, all are considered as preventive for babies born to mothers infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). (wikipedia.org)
Those who still do not respond to a second course of vaccination may respond to intradermal administration or to a high dose vaccine or to a double dose of a combined hepatitis A and B vaccine. (wikipedia.org)
Protection against hepatitis A begins approximately two to four weeks after the initial vaccination. (wikipedia.org)

A compound of nanostructured SBA-15 silica and HBsAg, the hepatitis B surface antigen, was submitted to different types of X-ray imaging in European laboratories. (eurekalert.org)
Twenty-eight percent of children born to HBV-infected mothers were found to have an "occult" hepatitis B infection (with HBV DNA in the bloodstream, but undetectable hepatitis B surface antigen-HBsAg) despite having been immunized shortly after birth, according to a study published in the Journal of Hepatology. (medhelp.org)
It contains purified surface antigen of the virus obtained by culturing genetically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, which carry the surface antigen gene of the hepatitis B virus. (nih.gov)
Each 0.5-mL dose contains 10 mcg of hepatitis B surface antigen adsorbed on 0.25 mg aluminum as aluminum hydroxide. (nih.gov)
Yu MC, Yuan JM, Ross RK, Govindarajan S. Presence of antibodies to the hepatitis B surface antigen is associated with an excess risk for hepatocellular carcinoma among non-Asians in Los Angeles County, California. (medscape.com)
The researchers, who were from Brazil and Europe, showed that the nanotechnology-based delivery system, which are particles containing silica and the HBsAg, the hepatitis B surface antigen, reach the intestines without being destroyed by the stomach's acidity. (news-medical.net)
Heplisav combines hepatitis B surface antigen produced in yeast cells with a novel agonist to enhance the immune response. (medpagetoday.com)
The doctor should perform the Hepatitis B Panel test - a simple blood draw that shows hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb or anti-HBs), and hepatitis B core antibody total (HBcAb or anti-HBc). (hepb.org)
It is also possible that a person who does not respond to the vaccine may already be infected with hepatitis B. Therefore, testing for the presence of the hepatitis B virus ( hepatitis B surface antigen or HBsAg ) is recommended before diagnosing a person as a "vaccine non-responder. (hepb.org)
Seroresponsiveness to hepatitis B surface antigen greater than or equal to 10 mIU/mL. (clinicaltrials.gov)
each 0.5 mL dose contains 5 mcg of hepatitis B surface antigen. (rxlist.com)
each 1 mL dose contains 40 mcg of hepatitis B surface antigen. (rxlist.com)
In each formulation, hepatitis B surface antigen is adsorbed onto approximately 0.5 mg of aluminum (provided as amorphous aluminum hydroxyphosphate sulfate) per mL of vaccine. (rxlist.com)
The main method used to diagnose hepatitis B is a blood test, known as the Hepatitis B Surface Antigen test (HbsAg). (womens-health.co.uk)
Following the primary course of three vaccinations, a blood test may be taken after an interval of 1-4 months to establish if there has been an adequate response, which is defined as an anti-hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-Hbs) antibody level above 100 mIU/ml. (wikipedia.org)

One effort involved using hepatitis B core antigen modified to carry a hepatitis C protein. (wikipedia.org)
Inovio is developing a synthetic multi-antigen DNA vaccine covering hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes 1a and 1b and targeting the HCV antigens nonstructural protein 3 ( NS3 ) and 4A ( NS4A ), as well as NS4B and NS5A proteins. (wikipedia.org)
However, a vaccine that contains a protein, as in this case, is destroyed by high acidity and its own proteases in passing through the stomach, so it doesn't reach the immune system, particularly the small intestine," said Osvaldo Augusto Sant'Anna , Scientific Leader at Butantan Institute and responsible for development of the HbsAg antigen. (eurekalert.org)
In animal trials, the formulation proved to be as effective as the injected vaccine, if not more so, in delivering the antigen to the intestine, where the immune system can detect it and produce antibodies against the virus. (eurekalert.org)
Nanostructured silica helps to deliver hepatitis B vaccine containing antigen or protein effectively, bypassing the effect of acidity and proteases in the stomach, making it reach small intestinal to elicit an immune response. (medindia.net)
Mothers infected with hepatitis B virus can infect their infants at, or shortly after, birth if they are carriers of the HBsAg antigen or develop an active infection during the third trimester of pregnancy. (nih.gov)
Australia antigen and the biology of hepatitis B. Science . (medscape.com)
To conclude, the results obtained with HBsAg encapsulated antigen are the first to demonstrate how SBA-15 protects the antigen for oral administration of the hepatitis B vaccine. (news-medical.net)
Analyzed patients were HBV antibody and antigen negative and hepatitis C virus antibody negative at the start of HD, who received HBV recombinant vaccine. (nih.gov)
Presence of precore and core promoter mutants limits the probability of response to peginterferon in hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology . (medscape.com)
Pipeline candidates fall under major classes such as single antigen vaccine, combinational vaccine and others. (sbwire.com)
The definition of (U)nits varies among manufacturers depending on how hepatitis A antigen is measured in their products. (wikipedia.org)
Also sold under the brand names HAVpur and VIROHEP-A. This vaccine consists of virosomes, artificial particles composed of synthetic lipids and influenza proteins in addition to the hepatitis A antigen. (wikipedia.org)

Other hepatitis B vaccine ingredients (including aluminum adjuvants and yeast ) as well as the vaccines' use of recombinant DNA technology have been linked to a variety of adverse outcomes. (infowars.com)
You must check to make sure that it is safe for you to take hepatitis B vaccine (recombinant [adjuvanted]) with all of your drugs and health problems. (drugs.com)
You will need to talk about the benefits and risks of using hepatitis B vaccine (recombinant [adjuvanted]) while you are pregnant. (drugs.com)
Use hepatitis B vaccine (recombinant [adjuvanted]) as ordered by your doctor. (drugs.com)
If you need to store hepatitis B vaccine (recombinant [adjuvanted]) at home, talk with your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist about how to store it. (drugs.com)
ENGERIX-B [Hepatitis B Vaccine (Recombinant)] is a noninfectious recombinant DNA hepatitis B vaccine developed and manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals. (nih.gov)
Hepatitis B vaccine recombinant is made without any human blood or blood products or any other substances of human origin. (mayoclinic.org)
RECOMBIVAX HB Hepatitis B Vaccine (Recombinant) is a sterile suspension of non-infectious subunit viral vaccine derived from HBsAg produced in yeast cells. (rxlist.com)
A portion of the hepatitis B virus gene, coding for HBsAg, is cloned into yeast, and the vaccine for hepatitis B is produced from cultures of this recombinant yeast strain according to methods developed in the Merck Research Laboratories. (rxlist.com)
The vaccine against hepatitis B, prepared from recombinant yeast cultures, is free of association with human blood or blood products. (rxlist.com)
RECOMBIVAX HB Hepatitis B Vaccine (Recombinant) is supplied in three formulations. (rxlist.com)
What are the precautions when taking hepatitis b vaccine (recombinant) (Recombivax)? (rxlist.com)
RECOMBIVAX HB® [Hepatitis B Vaccine, Recombinant] is indicated for prevention of infection caused by all known subtypes of hepatitis B virus . (rxlist.com)
The vaccine, developed by drug companies Merck and Co. and SmithKline Beecham, was the first recombinant DNA vaccine put on the market in the United States. (vaccineinfo.net)
TG4040 is a recombinant vaccinia poxvirus (MVA) vaccine containing sequences encoding the NS3, NS4 and NS5B proteins from genotype 1b HCV. (aidsmap.com)
The hepatitis B vaccines are produced with recombinant DNA techniques. (wikipedia.org)
Both types of the vaccine, the plasma-derived vaccine (PDV) and recombinant vaccine (RV), seems to be able to elicit similar protective anti-HBs levels. (wikipedia.org)

In some situations, you may also need to have an injection of antibodies, called specific hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG), along with the hepatitis B vaccine. (www.nhs.uk)
A virus in culture to produce a vaccine, and the only way to protect people has been to give them antibodies to the virus. (newscientist.com)
Protective hepatitis A antibodies have been shown to persist for at least five to 12 years and mathematical models predict that protection will last for at least 20 years following completion of the hepatitis A vaccine series. (dailyherald.com)
Now scientists have found monoclonal antibodies which may make a successful vaccine a reality, researchers heard today (Tuesday 4 September 2007) at the Society for General Microbiology's 161st Meeting at the University of Edinburgh, UK, which runs from 3-6 September 2007. (eurekalert.org)
In a collaborative effort with groups across Europe and the USA, scientists from Nottingham University have recently identified antibodies that can successfully prevent infection with many diverse strains of Hepatitis C virus in laboratory models. (eurekalert.org)
Historically, successful vaccines against viruses have required the production of antibodies, and this is likely to be the case for Hepatitis C virus", says Dr Alexander Tarr from the Virus Research Group at the University of Nottingham. (eurekalert.org)
Dr Tarr is presenting the paper 'Human antibodies to Hepatitis C virus - potential for vaccine design' at 1615 on Tuesday 04 September 2007 in the Young Microbiologist of the Year Competition of the 161st Meeting of the Society for General Microbiology at the University of Edinburgh, 03 - 06 September 2007. (eurekalert.org)
The vaccine works by stimulating the body to produce antibodies, which are proteins that will fight and kill the virus and prevent hepatitis A infection. (medicinenet.com)
The vaccine protects you from the hepatitis B virus by getting your body's immune system to make antibodies. (plannedparenthood.org)
Researchers at Nottingham University have identified antibodies that may one day be used in a vaccine against the Hepatitis C virus (HCV). (netdoctor.co.uk)
The antibodies are capable of preventing infection with a number of different strains of Hepatitis C virus in laboratory models and, if they prove effective as a vaccine, could prevent many patients from requiring a liver transplant. (netdoctor.co.uk)
The vaccine works by causing your body to produce its own protection (antibodies) against the disease. (mayoclinic.org)
Approximately 5-10% of people do not develop protective antibodies following the completion of the hepatitis B vaccine series. (hepb.org)
Prior to the development and licensure of a vaccine, immune globulin, a sterile solution of antibodies collected and purified from a large group of donors, was used to prevent hepatitis A in those likely to be exposed or recently exposed to the virus (Fiore et al. (nap.edu)

Most people who go on to develop chronic hepatitis B do not have symptoms, but it is still very serious and can lead to liver damage (cirrhosis), liver cancer, and death. (cdc.gov)
The vaccine gives protection against the hepatitis B virus, which is a major cause of serious liver disease, including scarring of the liver (cirrhosis) and liver cancer . (www.nhs.uk)
Hepatitis B vaccine can prevent hepatitis B and its consequences, including liver cancer and cirrhosis. (medlineplus.gov)
But some people (about one in ten of those who get hepatitis B as an adult) remain infectious and may go on to develop cirrhosis or cancer of the liver over a period of years. (hse.ie)
Each year about 2,000 to 4,000 people die in the United States from cirrhosis or liver cancer caused by hepatitis B. (empowher.com)
Hepatitis C is a blood-borne viral disease which can cause liver inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis and liver cancer. (dailystrength.org)
1 Hepatitis B infection can have serious consequences including acute massive hepatic necrosis, chronic active hepatitis, and cirrhosis of the liver. (nih.gov)
Hepatitis can lead to liver cancer, cirrhosis, or death. (rexhealth.com)
Occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma and decompensation in western European patients with cirrhosis type B. The EUROHEP Study Group on Hepatitis B Virus and Cirrhosis. (medscape.com)
HBV infection is a major cause of serious liver diseases, such as hepatitis and cirrhosis, and a type of liver cancer called primary hepatocellular carcinoma. (mayoclinic.org)
The market would also be driven by birth population growth and the need for therapeutic vaccines in cases of cirrhosis, liver disease, and primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma or HCC). (sbwire.com)
In fact, chronic hepatitis B can lead to liver disease, cirrhosis of the liver, liver failure, and even death. (womens-health.co.uk)
Scarring of the liver is called cirrhosis , a condition traditionally associated with alcoholism but one that is also caused by chronic active hepatitis B infection as well as other conditions. (emedicinehealth.com)
Hepatitis B infections can lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer in a small number of people. (infectioncontroltoday.com)

Although the risk of hepatitis B is low in the UK, children and adults in high-risk groups are offered the vaccine. (www.nhs.uk)
Adults who have not been vaccinated previously and want to be protected against hepatitis A can also get the vaccine. (medlineplus.gov)
AAP infectious disease experts report that most hepatitis A-infected children under the age of 6 show no symptoms of the disease, while more than two-thirds of affected older kids and adults will develop jaundice. (dailyherald.com)
A series of three combination hepatitis A-hepatitis B shots (Twinrix) is also available for use in adults 18 years and older. (dailyherald.com)
The vaccine is effective in adults and children. (medicinenet.com)
All unvaccinated adults at risk for hepatitis B infection should be vaccinated. (empowher.com)
Adults getting hepatitis B vaccine should get 3 doses, with the second dose given 4 weeks after the first and the third dose 5 months after the second. (empowher.com)
Why should adults get the hepatitis B vaccine? (webmd.com)
Hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for adults seeking protection from hepatitis B exposure. (webmd.com)
What adults should get the chickenpox vaccine? (webmd.com)
Most babies, kids, and adults have no problems at all when they get the vaccine. (plannedparenthood.org)
Even adults with medical insurance and regular access to doctors are not adequately screened for hepatitis B or C, according to a U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention study published in the journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases. (medhelp.org)
They studied 866,886 uninfected adults enrolled in health care plans in Pennsylvania, Michigan, the Pacific Northwest, and Hawaii over several years to determine who and how many were screened for viral hepatitis. (medhelp.org)
Many children who get acute hepatitis B don't have any symptoms, but most adults do. (vaccines.gov)
All children need to get the hepatitis B vaccine - and some adults may need it, too. (vaccines.gov)
Adults who are at risk for hepatitis B can also get vaccinated. (vaccines.gov)
The hepatitis B vaccine provides greater than 90 percent protection to infants, children, and adults immunized with all three doses before being exposed to the virus. (healthline.com)
Up to 90% of neonates and 6% to 10% of adults who are infected in the United States will become hepatitis B virus carriers. (nih.gov)
The incidence of hepatitis A in adults in immunizing states has decreased significantly, suggesting a strong herd-immunity effect associated with immunization. (aappublications.org)
Immunization against hepatitis A disease is also recommended for adults and children 12 months of age and older who live in areas that have a high rate of hepatitis A disease or who may be at increased risk of infection from hepatitis A virus. (mayoclinic.org)
MinuteClinic providers can provide the Hepatitis A vaccine to children 24 months and older and to adults. (prnewswire.com)
These encouraging results prompted scientists to conduct a larger clinical trial involving nearly 2,000 healthy adults in Nepal, where hepatitis E is widespread. (nih.gov)
What are the hepatitis B (HBV) (Hep B) vaccine options for adults? (medscape.com)
Diabetic adults should be vaccinated against hepatitis B virus as soon as possible after the diabetes diagnosis is made, according to the CDC. (medpagetoday.com)
Based upon these data, the CDC has recommended that all previously unvaccinated adults ages 19 through 59 years with diabetes mellitus (type 1 and type 2) be vaccinated against hepatitis B as soon as possible after a diagnosis of diabetes is made. (medpagetoday.com)
At a meeting in November 2012, the FDA's Vaccines and Related Biologics Advisory Committee voted 5-8, with one abstention , against the idea that Heplisav had been shown to be safe among adults ages 18 to 70. (medpagetoday.com)
The hepatitis A and B vaccine is used to help prevent these diseases in adults. (rexhealth.com)
The new vaccine is expected to increase immunization rates for adults in the United States and is administered over a one-month period. (hepb.org)
The vaccine provides greater seroprotection, which can mean a greater antibody response especially in adults who may be older, obese or live with type 2 diabetes making it an effective vaccine option. (hepb.org)
About 25 percent of hepatitis A cases occur in children, but many adults get the disease from infected youngsters, health officials said. (sunjournal.com)
Also on Wednesday, the panel unanimously recommended that pertussis vaccine be added to the tetanus-diphtheria booster shot for adults. (sunjournal.com)
Outbreaks of hepatitis C have been reported in recent years among young adults. (healthline.com)
There is a vaccine against hepatitis B, which is available for everyone under the age of 18, and for those adults who are considered high risk. (womens-health.co.uk)
Young adults and adolescents also should receive the vaccine if they did not as infants. (rchsd.org)
In the United States, hepatitis B is largely a disease of young adults aged 20-50 years. (emedicinehealth.com)

Infants should get their first dose of hepatitis B vaccine at birth and will usually complete the series at 6 months of age (sometimes it will take longer than 6 months to complete the series). (cdc.gov)
All infants should be vaccinated to protect against hepatitis B infection. (www.nhs.uk)
About 90% of infants who get hepatitis B become chronically infected, and about 1 out of 4 of them dies. (medlineplus.gov)
Misinterpretation of the recommendations in the 1999 joint statement by US PHS and AAP on thimerosal in vaccines resulted in a significant decline of hepatitis B vaccine coverage for infants born to unscreened women. (immunizationinfo.org)
So why not screen ALL pregnant women for the disease and only give the vaccine to those infants whose mothers actually test positive for hepatitis B? (mercola.com)
Most infants who get the HepB series are protected from hepatitis B infection beyond childhood, into their adult years. (kidshealth.org)
MDs resist hepatitis B vaccine mandate for infants as safety questions surface about immunization. (ebscohost.com)
Discusses the resistance of a majority of pediatricians to administer hepatitis B vaccine to infants as question of safety arises regarding immunizations. (ebscohost.com)
The Health Ministry has immediately halted the use of the vaccine nation-wide while they ascertain the causes of the infants' deaths. (medindia.net)
The vaccine panel encourages women of childbearing age, in particular, and people who expect to spend time around infants to get vaccinated. (sunjournal.com)
Immunization against hepatitis B disease is recommended for all newborn babies, infants, children, and adolescents up to 19 years of age. (mayoclinic.org)
Infants have little chance of catching the virus except from their mothers, and she doesn't have hepatitis B. (vaccineinfo.net)
Because of their weakened immune systems, infants are much more likely to develop chronic hepatitis B infections, making liver damage a real possibility. (womens-health.co.uk)
Infants who receive the HBV series should be protected from hepatitis B infection not only throughout their childhood but also into their adult years. (rchsd.org)

If you have recently been exposed to a source of HAV and are unsure if you are vaccinated, contact your health-care professional, as it is possible to get vaccine or even immunoglobulin treatment to prevent the disease and/or its symptoms. (medicinenet.com)
What symptoms did you have with hepatitis A infection? (medicinenet.com)
What are the symptoms of Hepatitis B? (hse.ie)
Some people who have acute hepatitis B have no symptoms at all and others may have a severe illness that requires hospitalisation. (hse.ie)
Hepatitis A infection can be mild with no symptoms or a serious illness that can rarely cause liver failure and death. (medicinenet.com)
This serious underreporting is due to an unwillingness of many doctors and vaccine providers to report vaccine-related injuries and deaths and also due to a lack of public awareness about how to recognize signs and symptoms of vaccine reactions. (mercola.com)
Acute hepatitis B symptoms usually last a few weeks - but they can last as long as 6 months. (vaccines.gov)
Most people who have chronic hepatitis B don't have symptoms at first. (vaccines.gov)
At her death, Lyla had four of the eight highest-reported symptoms in the VAERS hepatitis B vaccine adverse reaction data. (nvic.org)
WASHINGTON - One of the newer vaccines, the shot to protect against Hepatitis B, is coming under heavy criticism from parent groups, lawyers and some scientists who claim it causes dangerous reactions and symptoms of chronic illness. (nvic.org)
A Although hepatitis B is highly infectious (with few warning symptoms), its prevalence is low - less than 0.5 per cent in North America and Western Europe, and 2-7 per cent in South America, the Middle East and Eastern Europe. (healthy.net)
This vaccine will not protect against hepatitis B if your child is already infected with the virus, even if he or she does not yet show symptoms. (rexhealth.com)
Symptoms of Hepatitis A infection usually appear two to six weeks after exposure and include fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, abdominal discomfort, dark urine, diarrhea, and yellow skin and eyes. (prnewswire.com)
This vaccine will not protect against hepatitis B if you are already infected with the virus, even if you do not yet show symptoms. (cigna.com)
After a follow-up period of about 2 years, the researchers found that the 3-dose vaccine was nearly 96% effective in preventing hepatitis E. Of the 69 volunteers who developed symptoms and were confirmed to have hepatitis E, only three were in the vaccine group. (nih.gov)
The researchers tested for viral infection only in volunteers who had symptoms of hepatitis, however, so it's possible that subclinical infections remained undetected. (nih.gov)
Cases of hepatitis A (symptoms, alanine aminotransferase levels of 45 U/L or higher, and IgM to hepatitis A virus) were identified by evaluating school absences of 2 or more days. (nih.gov)
Since hepatitis B often has no symptoms for decades, testing is the only way to know your status. (hepb.org)
People can be infected with hepatitis C for decades and not exhibit symptoms. (healthline.com)
Hepatitis B is often known as the "silent disease" because so few sufferers experience symptoms of the disease. (womens-health.co.uk)
In fact, more than 69% of men and women who have hepatitis B never experience any symptoms associated with the illness. (womens-health.co.uk)
In most people with acute hepatitis, symptoms resolve over weeks to months and they are cured of the infection. (emedicinehealth.com)
2010). In most cases of hepatitis A infection, all symptoms and the infection resolve completely (Gordon et al. (nap.edu)
Monitor their health for symptoms of hepatitis A infection up to 50 days after exposure. (indystar.com)
Stay at home and contact their healthcare provider immediately if symptoms of hepatitis A infection develop. (indystar.com)

If you've been exposed to the hepatitis B virus and have not been vaccinated before, you should get immediate medical advice, as you may benefit from the hepatitis B vaccine. (www.nhs.uk)
Acute hepatitis B virus infection is a short-term illness that occurs within the first 6 months after someone is exposed to the hepatitis B virus. (medlineplus.gov)
However, if you recently got exposed to the hepatitis B virus and you haven't had the vaccine yet, tell your doctor right away. (plannedparenthood.org)
The CDC has recommendations online for what to do in case a susceptible person is possibly exposed to the hepatitis B virus. (hepb.org)
In those who have been exposed to the hepatitis B virus (HBV) but not immunized, hepatitis B immune globulin should be given in addition to the vaccine. (wikipedia.org)
Those who still fail to respond will require hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) if later exposed to the hepatitis B virus. (wikipedia.org)

The hepatitis B vaccine - sometimes known by the trade name Recombivax HB - is used to prevent this infection. (healthline.com)
Table 1 summarizes the dose and formulation of RECOMBIVAX HB for specific populations, regardless of the risk of infection with hepatitis B virus. (rxlist.com)

In states that do not have a law that specifically mandates the reporting of maternal HBsAg status, notifiable disease reporting laws mandate reporting of hepatitis B. (cdc.gov)
Our study is the first report on the prevalence of (occult hepatitis B) among a selected high-risk group of children born to HBsAg-positive mothers, particularly from a region with low-to-intermediate prevalence of HBV," the researchers wrote. (medhelp.org)
If you test negative for HBsAg, HBsAb, and HBcAb, you are not protected from hepatitis B and are considered to have a high risk of contracting the virus from your partner or other means. (hepb.org)
10 mIU/mL) should complete a second 3-dose vaccine series or be evaluated to determine if they are HBsAg-positive. (hepb.org)
Persons exposed to HBsAg-positive blood or body fluids who are known not to have responded to a primary vaccine series should receive a single dose of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and restart the hepatitis B vaccine series with the first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine as soon as possible after exposure. (hepb.org)

Hepatitis B virus vaccine response in hemodialysis: baseline patient characteristics. (nih.gov)
A killed virus vaccine for immunization against hepatitis A has recently been approved by the Food and Drug Administration. (ebscohost.com)
Development of a hepatitis C virus vaccine. (biomedsearch.com)

Hepatitis B virus infection can be either acute or chronic. (medlineplus.gov)
Because of the vaccine, cases of acute (short-term) hepatitis B have decreased by a lot in the United States. (vaccines.gov)
If the acute hepatitis B infection does not go away after 6 months, it's considered a chronic hepatitis B infection. (vaccines.gov)
A CDC Work Group found that persons ages 23 through 59 years with diabetes had approximately twice the likelihood of developing acute hepatitis B as those without diabetes. (medpagetoday.com)
At one of ACIP's regular meetings in October, committee members saw data from the Emerging Infections Program, which showed that patients ages 23 to 59 with diabetes were about twice as likely to develop acute hepatitis B compared with individuals without diabetes (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.6 to 2.8). (medpagetoday.com)
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection is one of the most common causes of acute hepatitis and it is a serious health problem worldwide. (ebscohost.com)
It is a form of the hepatitis virus that can be contracted through food or drink, and can result in high fevers, jaundice, and eventually cause acute liver disease. (holidayextras.co.uk)
Acute hepatitis B refers to newly acquired infections. (emedicinehealth.com)
However, a small number of people develop a very severe, life-threatening form of acute hepatitis called fulminant hepatitis. (emedicinehealth.com)

Hepatitis A vaccines (Havrix or Vaqta) can be administered to children as young as 1 year of age, with a larger adult dose given to patients 19 years of age and up. (dailyherald.com)
Hepatitis A vaccine (Havrix, Vaqta) is used to prevent hepatitis A , a type of liver disease that is caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV). (medicinenet.com)
Hepatitis a vaccine (Havrix, Vaqta) is used to prevent hepatitis A. Side effects, drug interactions, dosing and storage information, and pregnancy safety should be reviewed prior to taking this medication. (medicinenet.com)
1 The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) licensed the first inactivated hepatitis A vaccine (Havrix [GlaxoSmithKline, Rixensart, Belgium]) in 1995 and a second product (Vaqta [Merck & Co Inc, Whitehouse Station, NJ]) in 1996. (aappublications.org)

1 It has been estimated that 200 to 300 million people in the world today are persistently infected with hepatitis B virus. (nih.gov)
McMahon BJ, Holck P, Bulkow L, Snowball M. Serologic and clinical outcomes of 1536 Alaska Natives chronically infected with hepatitis B virus. (medscape.com)

The first approved vaccine will likely only target genotypes 1a and 1b, which account for over 60% of chronic HCV infections worldwide. (wikipedia.org)
The AAP estimates that there were approximately 300,000 cases of hepatitis A infections per year in the United States prior to vaccine licensure. (dailyherald.com)
In the 2012 Yellow Book on travelers' health, Umid M. Sharapov of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that hepatitis A is often seen in the developing world and is "one of the most common vaccine-preventable infections acquired during travel. (dailyherald.com)
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infects up to 500,000 people in the UK alone, many of the infections going undiagnosed. (eurekalert.org)
This Canadian study shows that immunization of preadolescents with hepatitis B vaccine eliminated infections in adolescents in British Columbia. (immunizationinfo.org)
Since 1990, new hepatitis B infections among children and adolescents have dropped by more than 95%, and by 75% in other age groups. (empowher.com)
The screening rates were shockingly low, missing an estimated 20% of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections and half of all hepatitis C infections in this insured patient population. (medhelp.org)
Nationwide, experts estimate that 65% of people infected with HBV and 75% of those with hepatitis C are unaware of their infections due to poor access to health care and screening. (medhelp.org)
CDC researchers estimated that at least 21.1% of HBV infections (and 43.1% of hepatitis C infections) in this patient group remained undiagnosed. (medhelp.org)
Bottom line, doctors identified 1,604 hepatitis B infections in their patients, but missed 616 infections due to adequate screening. (medhelp.org)
Elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, which can indicate liver damage from liver infections, often failed to trigger screening for hepatitis B or C. Fewer than 45% of patients who had twice the level of ALT that they should were screened for hepatitis B or C. Providers may have thought the liver damage resulted from alcohol abuse or medications instead of viral hepatitis. (medhelp.org)
Even in this population with access to care and lengthy follow-up, only a fraction of expected viral hepatitis infections were identified," researchers wrote. (medhelp.org)
Hepatitis is a general term for inflammation of the liver which can be caused by bacterial or viral infections, toxins, drugs, or heavy alcohol use. (nhpr.org)
Public health officials say six more Exeter Hospital patients have tested positive for Hepatitis C. That brings the total number of infections to 27. (nhpr.org)
For the 15 years before availability of hepatitis A vaccines (1980-1995), approximately 30000 cases of symptomatic hepatitis A infections (disease) were reported annually in the United States. (aappublications.org)
With the availability of a hepatitis A vaccine, the infection became one of the most common vaccine-preventable infections in the United States. (aappublications.org)
The two hepatitis A vaccine recipients who had symptomatic infections (257 and 267 days after dose 1) appeared to have been partially protected since their illnesses were brief and associated with only slight increases in alanine aminotransferase. (nih.gov)
Treatments are available for hepatitis B and infections are being curbed through the use of a vaccine now available in most countries. (womens-health.co.uk)
Use of the vaccine has resulted in a large decrease in the number of new infections reported in the United States each year. (emedicinehealth.com)

Babies at high risk of developing hepatitis B infection from infected mothers are given additional doses of the hepatitis B vaccine at birth, 4 weeks and 1 year of age. (www.nhs.uk)

For more information, read What to do if you have to wait for a dose of hepatitis B vaccine (PDF, 159kb) . (www.nhs.uk)
If you ever had a life-threatening allergic reaction after a dose of hepatitis B vaccine, or have a severe allergy to any part of this vaccine, you may be advised not to get vaccinated. (medlineplus.gov)
Anyone who has had a life-threatening allergic reaction to a previous dose of hepatitis B vaccine should not get another dose. (empowher.com)
Hepatitis A vaccine is contraindicated in people with a history of severe allergic reaction to a previous dose of hepatitis A vaccine or to a vaccine component. (aappublications.org)
The Public Health Agency of Canada now strongly recommends that all newborns of infected mothers receive immune globulin and a dose of hepatitis B vaccine within 12 hours of birth with additional doses of hepatitis vaccines within 6 months of birth (the number of doses may vary depending on whether the baby is pre mature). (canada.com)
Hepatitis B vaccine "non-responders" who test negative for hepatitis B infection are at risk for being infected and should be counseled regarding how to prevent a hepatitis B infection and to seek immediate medical care to receive a dose of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) if they have been exposed to potentially infected blood. (hepb.org)

However the Hepatitis C virus is highly variable among strains and rapidly mutating, making an effective vaccine very difficult. (wikipedia.org)
The first effective vaccine against hepatitis A was launched last week in Switzerland. (newscientist.com)
there is an effective vaccine against HAV. (medicinenet.com)
Hepatitis B is preventable by using a safe and effective vaccine. (hse.ie)
There is a safe and effective vaccine available to prevent Hepatitis B and this should be given to anyone at risk of infection. (hse.ie)
Hopes for an effective vaccine and treatment against the potentially fatal hepatitis C virus (HCV) have received a major boost following the discovery of two 'Achilles' heels' within the virus. (innovations-report.com)
The good news is that infection with HBV is usually preventable because there is an effective vaccine. (emedicinehealth.com)
There is a safe and effective vaccine to immunize people against Hepatitis B, but HBF suggests that vaccine-induced "escape mutants" are emerging to threaten current worldwide control strategy. (loc.gov)

In the U.S., 85 percent of travel-related cases of hepatitis A occur following travel to Mexico, Central America or South America. (dailyherald.com)
In the 0-1 age group, there is at least a 20:1 ratio of reported vaccine injuries/deaths associated with hepatitis B vaccines compared to cases of hepatitis B infection. (infowars.com)
In congressional testimony in 1999, the father of a five-week-old who died immediately following a hepatitis B shot described a 20:1 ratio of VAERS reports compared to cases of hepatitis B infection in the 0-1 age group (likely an underestimate due to VAERS underreporting). (infowars.com)
Locally, only a few cases of hepatitis B in children are reported each year. (vaccineinfo.net)

The first inactivated hepatitis A vaccine was licensed for use in 1995. (dailyherald.com)
However, the numbers of individuals diagnosed with hepatitis A has been decreasing since the vaccine against HAV was introduced in 1995. (medicinenet.com)
Since licensure in 1995 of a hepatitis A vaccine, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Academy of Pediatrics have been implementing an incremental hepatitis A immunization strategy for children. (aappublications.org)
Hepatitis A vaccines were first licensed in 1995, but it was only recently that the government approved their use in children as young as age 1. (sunjournal.com)
1995). A very rare occurrence is type I autoimmune chronic hepatitis (Tong et al. (nap.edu)
1995). Very rarely fulminant hepatitis associated with coma and occasionally death may occur (Wasley et al. (nap.edu)
From 1980 through 1995, reports of hepatitis A to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) numbered between 22 and 36 thousand cases per year (CDC, 2006). (nap.edu)
The first hepatitis A vaccine was approved in Europe in 1991, and the United States in 1995. (wikipedia.org)
1] Within the U.S., the vaccine "Vaqta" developed by Maurice Hilleman and his team at Merck & Co. was licensed in 1995. (wikipedia.org)

For this reason, the group notes that jaundice in an adult child care worker or parent is often the first clue that a hepatitis A outbreak is unfolding in a day care setting. (dailyherald.com)
Persons living in a community experiencing an outbreak of hepatitis A. (mayoclinic.org)
A Hillcrest church offered free Hepatitis A vaccines on Sunday to help curb the outbreak that's killed 18 people since last November. (nbcsandiego.com)
During a hepatitis E outbreak, or for travellers to an endemic area, protection can be quickly obtained by two vaccine doses given within one month. (worldbulletin.net)
But in 2003, nearly 600 people were sickened by hepatitis and three died in the nation's largest outbreak. (sunjournal.com)

In the decade from 1991 to 2001 (when hepatitis B vaccines contained the mercury-based preservative thimerosal), vaccine exposure in early infancy resulted in an estimated 0.5-1 million U.S. children being diagnosed with learning disabilities, representing lifetime costs in excess of $1 trillion. (infowars.com)
Given that the vaccine has been shown-by the CDC itself-to wear off well before the age of any likely exposure to hepatitis B virus, the father concluded that hepatitis B mandates for newborns represented a " teaming up " of "ravenous corporate greed and mindless bureaucracy" against "common sense. (infowars.com)
Recent public interest in Ebola could serve as a reminder that the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulates exposure to bloodborne pathogens, including hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (shrm.org)
The employer was fined $20,000 for not providing the vaccine to workers with potential exposure within 10 working days of the initial assignment. (shrm.org)
Nevertheless, since 1993, the Department of Health has recommended that all healthcare workers who do 'exposure-prone' procedures be immunised against hepatitis B. Staff who decline the jab are treated as though they have tested positive for the disease, and not allowed to carry out procedures where there is a risk that injury to themselves will result in their blood contaminating a patient's open tissues or vice versa. (healthy.net)
Considering the serious consequences of infection, immunization should be considered for all persons at potential risk of exposure to the hepatitis B virus. (nih.gov)
Hepatitis A vaccine may provide protection against the disease if given within two weeks after exposure. (prnewswire.com)
A blood test can determine if the vaccine has 'taken' in people who have experienced specific exposure to hepatitis B. This would include someone who is a sexual partner of a hepatitis B carrier or household members who have been living with a carrier. (canada.com)
In the case of possible exposures to HBV infected blood or body fluids, it is recommended that non-responders receive 2 doses of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) - the first dose should be given within 24 hours of the exposure, and the second dose should be given 1 month later. (hepb.org)
The vaccine must be administered within two weeks after the last day of exposure. (indystar.com)

In 2005, the US Food and Drug Administration changed the youngest approved age of administration of hepatitis A vaccine from 24 to 12 months of age, which facilitated incorporation of the vaccine into the recommended childhood immunization schedule. (aappublications.org)
As the next step in the implementation of the incremental vaccine immunization strategy, the American Academy of Pediatrics now recommends routine administration of a Food and Drug Administration-licensed hepatitis A vaccine to all children 12 to 23 months of age in all states according to a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-approved immunization schedule. (aappublications.org)

Most vaccines work through inducing an antibody response that targets the outer surfaces of viruses. (wikipedia.org)
While vaccines have not yet been developed for the rest of the "alphabet" of infectious hepatitis, it is fortunate that safe and effective vaccinations are available against both the hepatitis A and hepatitis B viruses. (dailyherald.com)
The present Competitive Intelligence report about Hepatitis Vaccines provides a competitor evaluation in the field of marketed and novel prophylactic vaccines against hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis A and B, hepatitis C and hepatitis E viruses. (marketpublishers.com)
Several hepatitis viruses are known to cause a systemic infection resulting in major pathologic changes in the liver (e.g. (nih.gov)
Hepatitis B vaccine will not protect against infection with hepatitis A, C, and E, or other viruses that affect the liver. (rexhealth.com)
hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. The most common hepatitis viruses are A, B, and C. Vaccines for hepatitis A and B have been part of routine childhood vaccinations since the mid 1990s. (nhpr.org)
Epidemiology of hepatitis B and C viruses: a global overview. (medscape.com)
Hepatitis viruses seen by an electron microscope U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (nih.gov)
Like four other known hepatitis viruses - named A, B, C and D - hepatitis E infects and damages the liver, causing a yellowing of the skin, abdominal cramps, nausea and fever. (nih.gov)
Hepatitis A is the most benign of the hepatitis viruses and usually has no long term side effects. (medindia.net)
In addition, like HIV, the hepatitis C virus mutates very rapidly and exists as a complex family of mutated viruses within every infected individual, meaning the virus can avoid efforts by the immune system to keep it under control," Professor Lloyd said. (innovations-report.com)
Professor Lloyd said work is now underway to identify the key immunological features of the founder viruses in order to guide new vaccines. (innovations-report.com)
Hepatitis A and B vaccine will not protect you against infection with hepatitis C or E, or other viruses that affect the liver. (rexhealth.com)
The researchers used chimpanzee viruses as vaccine vectors in the trial. (healthline.com)
The Twinrix vaccine will protect those 18 years of age and older from the threatening viruses. (infectioncontroltoday.com)

Routine use of the hepatitis B vaccine for all newborns began in 1991, and according to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) , operated jointly by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), there were 36,788 officially reported adverse reactions to hepatitis B vaccines between 1992 and 2005. (mercola.com)
Participants received hepatitis A vaccine or control hepatitis B vaccine starting January 7, 1991 (doses in months 0, 1, and 12), and crossed over to the alternate vaccine 18 months later. (nih.gov)

Among other factors, infection with hepatitis B may be the single most important factor for development of this carcinoma. (nih.gov)
However, if you are at a high risk for infection with hepatitis B during pregnancy, your doctor should determine whether you need this vaccine. (rexhealth.com)
Your doctor will decide whether you should receive this vaccine, especially if you have a high risk of infection with hepatitis. (rexhealth.com)

The two-dose hepatitis A series was then "rolled out" to other high risk populations, and in a 2007 policy statement, the AAP began recommended routine hepatitis A vaccinations for all children aged 12 to 23 months living in all 50 states. (dailyherald.com)
June 13, 2000 (San Antonio) -- Faced with an ever-growing list of required and recommended vaccinations for children -- as well as occasional reports of safety problems linked to vaccines -- many parents understandably feel confused. (webmd.com)
For instance, when babies die after hep B vaccinations, most of the time their deaths are automatically attributed to SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) without investigation into whether the vaccine caused the baby's sudden death. (mercola.com)
Vaccinations for hepatitis B were discovered in the 1970s and are now very safe, sophisticated, and effective. (canada.com)
they may provide free vaccinations or testing for hepatitis B! (hepb.org)
Since 1999, the government has recommended Hepatitis A vaccinations for children in 17 states where rates of the disease were highest. (sunjournal.com)
Vaccinations include a series of two injections that are six months apart, however even one hepatitis A injection can provide up to 95 percent protection from the disease, according to the health department. (indystar.com)
People who fail to respond (anti-Hbs antibody level below 10 mIU/ml) should be tested to exclude current or past Hepatitis B infection, and given a repeat course of three vaccinations, followed by further retesting 1-4 months after the second course. (wikipedia.org)

But Asian-Americans were screened at a lower rate by doctors than African-Americans, even though they have higher rates of hepatitis B infection. (medhelp.org)
In 1996, children living in populations with the highest rates of disease were targeted for immunization, and in 1999 the program was expanded to immunization of children 2 years and older living in states and counties with rates of hepatitis A that historically have been higher than the national average. (aappublications.org)

Vaccine side effects in children can include one to two days of redness, swelling and pain at the injection site, decreased appetite or headache. (dailyherald.com)
Hepatitis A vaccine is administered by injection into the muscle of the upper arm. (medicinenet.com)
The hepatitis B vaccine is usually given through intramuscular injection upon birth, at least one month after the initial shot, and at least 2 months after the 2nd shot. (news-medical.net)
This vaccine is for injection into a muscle. (nationwidechildrens.org)
You will not have protection from the hepatitis A virus for at least 8 to 10 days after your first injection. (nationwidechildrens.org)
This vaccine is given as an injection (shot) into a muscle. (cigna.com)
The article offers the author's insight on having vaccine for Hepatitis B, in which he underwent a Hepatitis B booster injection to build immunity against the disease at the 56 Dean Street Sexual Health Clinic in Soho, London, England. (ebscohost.com)
In a post-HIV scare era, groups at risk for hepatitis C, whether it be through sex or injection drug use, have thrown caution out the window, Herrera said. (healthline.com)
Approximately 33 percent of reported cases were in children less than 15 years old (CDC, 2008), and outbreaks of hepatitis A were reported among injection and noninjection drug users and men who have sex with men (Cotter et al. (nap.edu)
About one in three people who get the shingles vaccine develops a minor side effect, such as redness, itching, soreness or swelling near the injection site. (reference.com)
The vaccine is given by injection into a muscle. (wikipedia.org)

As with any medicine, there is a very remote chance of a vaccine causing a severe allergic reaction, other serious injury, or death. (cdc.gov)
There's an extremely small risk of having an allergic reaction to the vaccine. (plannedparenthood.org)
Your child should not receive this vaccine if he or she ever had a life-threatening allergic reaction to any vaccine containing hepatitis B. Hepatitis B pediatric vaccine should not be given to a child who is allergic to yeast. (rexhealth.com)
You should not receive this vaccine if you have ever had a life-threatening allergic reaction to any vaccine containing hepatitis B, or if you are allergic to baker's yeast. (cigna.com)
There is a very small chance of an allergic reaction with any vaccine. (rchsd.org)

Chronically-infected people can spread hepatitis B virus to others, even if they do not feel or look sick themselves. (cdc.gov)
Although the number of people chronically infected with Hepatitis B worldwide (300 million) is not challenged, HBF has suggested that the number of people in the United States who are chronically infected has been significantly underestimated. (loc.gov)

Most people who are vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine are immune for life. (cdc.gov)
People who are moderately or severely ill should usually wait until they recover before getting hepatitis B vaccine. (cdc.gov)
People who are at risk of getting hepatitis B or developing serious complications from it should consider being vaccinated. (www.nhs.uk)
The vaccine has been tested on 25 000 people in 30 countries. (newscientist.com)
Up to 1.4 million people in the United States may have chronic hepatitis B infection. (medlineplus.gov)
Each year about 2,000 people in the United States die from hepatitis B-related liver disease. (medlineplus.gov)
Most people who get hepatitis B vaccine do not have any problems with it. (medlineplus.gov)
Hepatitis C virus infects 180 million people worldwide. (eurekalert.org)
How do people get Hepatitis B? (hse.ie)
people travelling to parts of the world where hepatitis B is very common. (hse.ie)
People who are infected with hepatitis B should wear condoms for sex and should not share razors, toothbrushes, or any object that has been contaminated with blood. (hse.ie)
In 2009, about 38,000 people became infected with hepatitis B. (empowher.com)
Some people go on to develop chronic hepatitis B infection. (empowher.com)
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 257 million people currently live with hepatitis B worldwide. (eurekalert.org)
Aug. 5 - Israeli drug company SciVac has developed a third-generation vaccine for Hepatitis B, a virus that kills more than half a million people each year. (reuters.com)
People with a weak immune system may not fully benefit from the vaccine. (medicinenet.com)
Hepatitis C infects an estimated 150-200 million people worldwide. (dailystrength.org)
It's worked really well to lower the number of people who get hepatitis B every year. (plannedparenthood.org)
The hepatitis B vaccine is totally safe for most people. (plannedparenthood.org)
In fact, more than 100 million people in the U.S. have gotten the hepatitis B vaccine. (plannedparenthood.org)
Researchers decided to see how many "missed" hepatitis diagnoses occurred in insured people who enjoyed regular access to quality care. (medhelp.org)
The good news is that the hepatitis B vaccine gives more than 90% protection to people who get the vaccine. (vaccines.gov)
But chronic (long-term) hepatitis B is still common - up to 2.2 million people in the United States have it. (vaccines.gov)
Some people should not get the hepatitis B vaccine - or may need to wait to get it. (vaccines.gov)
People who don't know they're infected can spread the hepatitis B virus. (kidshealth.org)
Since the vaccine became available in 1982, more than 100 million people have received the HBV vaccine in the United States. (healthline.com)
If your doctor recommends you receive the HBV vaccine, they feel that any risks with the vaccine are far outweighed by the risks of contracting hepatitis B. Although some people experience serious side effects, it's most likely that you'll have few - if any - side effects at all. (healthline.com)
Even though an effective injectable hepatitis B vaccine was developed more than 30 years ago, high infection rates still persist in areas of the world where people cannot afford the vaccine or do not have reliable refrigeration," said John Howard, Ph.D., president of Applied Biotechnology Institute, which is developing the new vaccine. (newswise.com)
In the U.S., approximately 1.2 million people have chronic hepatitis B, with an estimated 40,000 new cases each year. (newswise.com)
Worldwide, hepatitis B has infected nearly 2 billion people. (newswise.com)
About 100 people between Friday and Saturday turned up at Bow High School for Hepatitis-A vaccines. (nhpr.org)
New Hampshire's Exeter Hospital has temporarily closed its cardiac catheterization lab after four patients contracted hepatitis C, and officials are asking 651 other people who've been treated at the lab since August to get tested for the liver-destroying virus. (nhpr.org)
Because the hepatitis A vaccine is an inactivated product, no special precautions are needed for administration to people who are immunocompromised. (aappublications.org)
What's more, they plan to formulate a polyvaccine that can also help immunize people against poliomyelitis, whooping cough , and Haemophilus influenza type B (Hib), a vaccine that protects people from pneumonia, and meningitis. (news-medical.net)
All 64 MinuteClinic locations in Ohio have the Hepatitis A vaccine available for people who have not yet been vaccinated. (prnewswire.com)
People who have had Hepatitis A disease or previously received two doses of the Hepatitis A vaccine do not need to be immunized for Hepatitis A again. (prnewswire.com)
This vaccine is also used with immunoglobulin to prevent infection in people who have been exposed to hepatitis A. (nationwidechildrens.org)
Most people recover within a few weeks, but hepatitis E poses a particular threat to pregnant women, who have a mortality rate of about 20% if infected during their third trimester. (nih.gov)
University Christian Church collaborated with County health officials to give the vaccines to churchgoers, homeless people and anyone else who wanted a vaccine. (nbcsandiego.com)
In the past 5 days, 543 people in Hillsborough County have taken advantage of free hepatitis shots. (abcactionnews.com)
In the past five days, 543 people in Hillsborough County have taken advantage of free hepatitis shots. (abcactionnews.com)
When people do get sick, they can get very sick," explained Dr. Bob Wallace who just treated a patient for Hepatitis A in St. Pete. (abcactionnews.com)
Hillsborough County still has plenty of free vaccines available, specifically for people who ate or drank at Hamburger Mary's between October 4 - 20 and/or qualify due to being at high risk, at their Sulphur Springs clinic. (abcactionnews.com)
This vaccine regimen works in most people, providing them with long-term protection and, for some, even life-long protection. (canada.com)
People using the vaccine for general risk reduction do not normally need to have the blood test after the shots are completed. (canada.com)
People at high risk include household and sexual contacts of an infected person, gay or bisexual men, IV drug users, newborns of infected mothers, those who handle blood or blood products, hemodialysis patients, and travelers to countries where there's a high incidence of hepatitis B in the community. (canada.com)
Hepatitis A is a serious liver disease that can be spread to people who have not been vaccinated against the virus, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (latimes.com)
About 100 people in the U.S. die each year from liver failure caused by hepatitis A, the Center also noted. (latimes.com)
According to statistics, usually only one case of Hepatitis B vaccine shock is found for every one million people vaccinated against the disease, he added. (medindia.net)
Hepatitis C virus infection is a global pandemic with more than 120 million people infected worldwide, including some 200,000 Australians. (innovations-report.com)
An experimental vaccine appears to be safe and effective in protecting people against hepatitis E infection, a trial in China has found. (worldbulletin.net)
Further studies are needed to assess the safety and to support the benefits of the vaccine for pregnant women and for people younger than 15 years or older than 65 years,' the researchers wrote in a statement. (worldbulletin.net)
Hepatitis E infection puts people with chronic liver illnesses at added risk and the authors recommended that such people be vaccinated against hepatitis E. (worldbulletin.net)
However, they said that because the study excluded people with chronic liver disease, more research would be needed to assess the benefits of such a vaccine for these people. (worldbulletin.net)
About 15 to 25 percent of people who become infected with hepatitis C clear the virus spontaneously, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (healthline.com)
About 3 million people in America have hepatitis C, most of them baby boomers, according to the CDC. (healthline.com)
In Texas, the state Health Department receives at least 50 to 60 reports each year from people who have suffered health problems after being immunized for hepatitis B, ranging in seriousness from headaches to deaths. (vaccineinfo.net)
But since watching two people suffer neurological failures after taking the hepatitis B vaccine, she has spoken out against its further use. (vaccineinfo.net)
Interferon-based therapy and new direct-acting antiviral agents are not able to cure all patients with chronic hepatitis C. But the fact that some people respond very well to therapy - and that some are able to spontaneously clear HCV without treatment - suggests it may be possible to further boost the natural immune response to the virus. (aidsmap.com)
About 15% to 25% percent of people with chronic hepatitis B die of liver disease . (emedicinehealth.com)
The vaccine, developed by Chinese scientists, has been tried on 130 million people in China and shown to be effective in bringing down incident rates of the disease by 20% every year in the past decade. (bio-medicine.org)
People who are immunosuppressed or on dialysis may not respond as well and require larger or more frequent doses of vaccine. (wikipedia.org)
Hepatitis A is the most common vaccine-preventable virus acquired during travel, so people traveling to places where the virus is common like the Indian subcontinent, Africa, Central America, South America, Asia, and Eastern Europe should be vaccinated. (wikipedia.org)

Processing affects the structure of the virus-like particles that are formed, as well as the efficacy of the vaccine. (newswise.com)
Efficacy was measured by adequate hepatitis B antibody concentration. (medpagetoday.com)
The FDA advisory committee voted 13-1 in support of the efficacy of the hepatitis B vaccine. (medpagetoday.com)
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a new inactivated hepatitis A vaccine. (nih.gov)
But we won't know if it really works - if it is able to prevent hepatitis C infection - until we have the results of the efficacy studies in the U.S. (healthline.com)
The vaccine produced by the Merck method has been shown to be comparable to the plasma-derived vaccine in terms of animal potency (mouse, monkey, and chimpanzee) and protective efficacy (chimpanzee and human). (rxlist.com)

Pregnant women have a routine blood test for hepatitis B as part of their antenatal care . (www.nhs.uk)
All children need to get the hepatitis B vaccine as part of their routine vaccine schedule. (vaccines.gov)

Some babies might get 4 doses, for example, if a combination vaccine containing hepatitis B is used. (empowher.com)
If you're age 18 and older and at risk for both hepatitis B and hepatitis A, you may be able to get a combination vaccine that protects against both diseases. (vaccines.gov)
PHILADELPHIA, Pa-SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals will being making and distributing a new combination vaccine that fights both hepatitis A and hepatitis B. (infectioncontroltoday.com)

In clinical trials, the Twinrix vaccine was given in a three dose series during a six-month period. (infectioncontroltoday.com)

It is caused by the hepatitis B virus. (medlineplus.gov)
Hepatitis B is an infection of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus . (kidshealth.org)
Hepatitis B is a highly contagious liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). (healthline.com)
Hepatitis B is an infectious hepatitis caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). (emedicinehealth.com)

These questions and answers are intended to provide guidance to health care providers and public health agencies about the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) Privacy Rule and how it impacts perinatal hepatitis B prevention. (cdc.gov)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend that newborn babies receive the hepatitis B vaccine on their first day of life. (infowars.com)
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ) and the American Academy of Pediatrics ( AAP ) strongly recommend that newborn babies get the hepatitis B vaccine on their first day of life. (infowars.com)
The hepatitis A vaccine is used for the prevention of disease caused by hepatitis A virus in persons 12 months of age and older. (medicinenet.com)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that children should get their first hepatitis B vaccine at birth and complete the doses by 6 to 18 months of age. (healthline.com)
1 The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that there are approximately 1 to 1.25 million chronic carriers of hepatitis B virus in the United States. (nih.gov)
In 1996, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and American Academy of Pediatrics provided guidance for the use of hepatitis A vaccine. (aappublications.org)
In an accompanying comment, Scott Holmberg of the National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, TB and STD Prevention at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said such a vaccine would be crucial in areas where sanitation was inadequate to prevent hepatitis E outbreaks. (worldbulletin.net)
Better to immunize them while they're young and receiving other vaccines, the logic goes, and it's an argument supported by the American Academy of Pediatrics, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization. (vaccineinfo.net)
As of 2015, there is no vaccine that protects against the viral infection hepatitis C, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (reference.com)

Chronic hepatitis B infection is a long-term illness that occurs when the hepatitis B virus remains in a person's body. (cdc.gov)
Any adult working in high-risk environments like STD clinics or drug rehab centers, should be vaccinated for Hepatitis B. Health care workers, public safety workers, household contacts, and sexual partners of persons with chronic hepatitis B should also receive the hepatitis B vaccine. (webmd.com)
Chronic hepatitis B can lead to serious liver problems - and even death. (vaccines.gov)
A clear link has been demonstrated between chronic hepatitis B infection and the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. (nih.gov)
Hepatic histological findings after transplantation for chronic hepatitis B virus infection, including a unique pattern of fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis. (medscape.com)
Gish RG, Locarnini S. Chronic hepatitis B viral infection. (medscape.com)
Kuo A, Gish R. Chronic hepatitis B infection. (medscape.com)
Chronic hepatitis B is an infection with HBV that lasts longer than 6 months. (emedicinehealth.com)
Chronic hepatitis B also can lead to a type of liver cancer known as hepatocellular carcinoma . (emedicinehealth.com)
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was defined by persistent viremia over a period of 6 months after initial detection of primary infection. (clinicaltrials.gov)

The FDA wants more safety data on an investigational adult hepatitis B vaccine before granting approval, the vaccine's manufacturer said Monday. (medpagetoday.com)
An adult dose of a hepatitis A vaccine was given to about 250 immigrant children at a Texan detention facility, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials said. (latimes.com)
In our trial, we found the vaccine well tolerated and efficacious for a general adult population. (worldbulletin.net)
The lengthy and ongoing shortage of adult hepatitis B vaccine has baffled some public health doctors. (cmaj.ca)
We do not anticipate availability of the adult formulation of our Hepatitis B vaccine for the rest of 2010 and will provide an update on availability of the adult formulation when more information is available," Jennifer Allen Woodruff, a spokeswoman for Merck, writes in an email. (cmaj.ca)
Though the adult version of the hepatitis B vaccine is in short supply in Canada, there is sufficient supply of the pediatric version. (cmaj.ca)
Heplisav is being evaluated to treat hepatitis B in adult patients 18 and older. (benzinga.com)

There are no adequate or well-controlled trials of hepatitis A vaccine use in pregnant women. (medicinenet.com)
So why, they ask, subject babies to a possibly reactive vaccine when they technology already exists to screen HepB in pregnant women? (nvic.org)
The HBV vaccine is even safe to administer to pregnant women. (healthline.com)
Therefore, screening of pregnant women for hepatitis B is recommended. (nih.gov)
No data exist about administration of the hepatitis A vaccine to pregnant women, but because it is not a live vaccine, the risk to mother and fetus should be extremely low to nonexistent. (aappublications.org)
Because nearly all of the study participants were healthy men over 18 years old, it's not yet clear if the vaccine is safe and effective in other at-risk groups, such as pregnant women or children. (nih.gov)
Pregnant women who have hepatitis B infection or are carriers of hepatitis B virus can give the disease to their babies when they are born. (mayoclinic.org)
It is important that all pregnant women undergo screening for the hepatitis B virus. (womens-health.co.uk)

The widely used hepatitis B vaccine is likewise protective even after antibody levels drop. (nih.gov)
At least 90% of subjects maintained antibody levels against hepatitis B almost a year after two doses. (medpagetoday.com)
Co-administration of immune-globulin and hepatitis A vaccine lowers ultimate antibody levels 50% compared with vaccine alone. (ebscohost.com)
If you are a hemodialysis patient, you may not respond as well to the vaccine and will need to have hepatitis B antibody levels checked yearly. (rxlist.com)

A range of different T-cells are produced targeting different parts of the hepatitis C virus," Barnes said. (healthline.com)

Also, an antibody level greater than 10 is already protective from the vaccine. (thebody.com)
Six hepatitis A virus antigenic variants that likely escaped the protective effect of available vaccines were isolated, mostly from men who have sex with men. (cdc.gov)

There are no known risks to getting hepatitis B vaccine at the same time as other vaccines. (medlineplus.gov)
What are the risks from hepatitis B vaccine? (medlineplus.gov)
Caution is necessary when the potential of vaccine-related risks is studied," Rewers tells WebMD. (webmd.com)
Because the CDC refuses to acknowledge this large number of serious adverse reactions, hospitals and doctors who have been misled about the risks continue to administer the vaccine and then deny any vaccine connection when children die, get ill or have seizures within hours or days. (nvic.org)
According to the CDC , the potential risks associated with the hepatitis B virus are much greater than the risks the vaccine poses. (healthline.com)
In deciding to use a vaccine, the risks of taking the vaccine must be weighed against the good it will do. (mayoclinic.org)
She said she fears the vaccine carries more risks than benefits. (vaccineinfo.net)
The effort did not come about because hepatitis B poses great risks to children. (vaccineinfo.net)

Hepatitis B immunoglobulin before birth has not been well studied. (wikipedia.org)

The Department stresses the transmission risk for Hepatitis-A is low, and the vaccines were a preventive measure. (nhpr.org)
Who's At Risk For Hepatitis B? (womens-health.co.uk)

Childcare centers are a common site of hepatitis A outbreaks. (kidshealth.org)
Men who have sex with men (MSM) comprise a high-risk group for hepatitis A, and several outbreaks affecting this group have been reported across Europe ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)

In the past, the incidence of hepatitis A has been much higher among American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIAN) than in the overall population in the United States. (immunizationinfo.org)
Regional, ethnic, and racial differences in the incidence of hepatitis A have been eliminated. (aappublications.org)

Children and adolescents younger than 19 years of age who have not yet gotten the vaccine should also be vaccinated. (cdc.gov)
Older children and adolescents can get the vaccine after 23 months. (medlineplus.gov)
8 The AAP further recommends that providers administer hepatitis B vaccine to all previously unvaccinated adolescents. (nih.gov)

Hepatitis is a viral infection that attacks the liver. (medindia.net)
Hepatitis B is a viral infection that affects your liver. (womens-health.co.uk)
Hepatitis A is a viral infection of the liver that can cause loss of appetite, nausea, tiredness, fever, stomach pain, brown colored urine, and light colored stools. (indystar.com)

6 The Committee on Infectious Diseases of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has also endorsed universal infant immunization as part of a comprehensive strategy for the control of hepatitis B infection. (nih.gov)
The genetically engineered vaccine was originally created and tested over the past two decades by scientists at NIH's National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). (nih.gov)
Reduction of vaccine-preventable infectious diseases. (ebscohost.com)
The researchers were led by Ning-Shao Xia at the Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases in Xiamen University in southern Fujian province. (worldbulletin.net)

Soreness where the shot is given or fever can happen after hepatitis B vaccine. (cdc.gov)
Like all medications, the hepatitis B vaccine may have some mild side effects: soreness, redness, swelling, or itching around where you get the shot, or a slight fever. (plannedparenthood.org)
The vaccine may cause mild fever and soreness or redness in the area where the shot was given. (rchsd.org)
Soreness or redness where the shot is given, fever, headache, tiredness, or loss of appetite can happen after hepatitis A vaccine. (wikipedia.org)

If known, how did you contract hepatitis A? (medicinenet.com)
Any man, woman, or child can contract hepatitis B, however, there are certain factors that will increase your chances of getting the disease. (womens-health.co.uk)

In the United States, Federally Qualified Health Centers provide the hepatitis B vaccine at low- or no cost to individuals without insurance or with limited plans. (hepb.org)
MPHD will be offering free hepatitis A vaccines beginning Tuesday at all three Health Centers to those three at-risk groups. (wxyz.com)

The approach could lead to an oral hepatitis B vaccine that requires no refrigeration and costs less than $1 per dose to manufacture. (newswise.com)

The Lexington Herald-Leader reported that Catholic Action Center co-founder Ginny Ramsey says the shelter will offer free Hepatitis A vaccines for those who don't have health insurance. (lex18.com)

Hepatitis B vaccine can prevent hepatitis B . Hepatitis B is a liver disease that can cause mild illness lasting a few weeks, or it can lead to a serious, lifelong illness. (cdc.gov)
Hepatitis A is a serious liver disease. (medlineplus.gov)
You have a chronic liver disease such as hepatitis B or hepatitis C. (medlineplus.gov)
Hepatitis B can cause long term infection that leads to liver disease. (hse.ie)
Hepatitis B is a liver disease caused by a virus. (vaccines.gov)

Who should receive the hepatitis B vaccine and when? (medlineplus.gov)
CVS ), is encouraging unvaccinated Ohio residents to receive the Hepatitis A vaccine following an increase in confirmed cases of the virus. (prnewswire.com)

If no problems arise, a commercial version of the vaccine could be available as early as 2018. (newswise.com)
According to the Ohio Department of Health, more than 80 Hepatitis A cases have been confirmed across the state since the start of 2018. (prnewswire.com)
GlobalData estimated the global hepatitis b vaccines market at $997.0m in 2010, and forecast it to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.1% for the next eight years, to reach $1,376.1m by 2018. (sbwire.com)
Annualized seven key markets (the US, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the UK and Japan) hepatitis b vaccines market revenues data from 2005 to 2010, forecast for eight years to 2018. (sbwire.com)

Brazilian and European researchers have demonstrated exactly how a nanotechnology-based compound delivers an oral vaccine against hepatitis B to the immune system. (eurekalert.org)
Vaccines work by exposing a person to a harmless version of a pathogen that primes the immune system to recognize and eliminate the pathogen if the person is later exposed to its more dangerous form. (newswise.com)
It was hypothesized that because HLA II binds antigens, different haplotypes may alter the way in which vaccine peptides activate the immune system. (medscape.com)
A team of researchers demonstrated how the oral delivery vehicle SBA-15, one such nanotechnology-based compound can deliver an oral vaccine against hepatitis B to the immune system. (news-medical.net)
The vaccine also provoked strong immune system responses after each dose. (nih.gov)
Using "helper" T-cells instead of B-cells that target specific intruders, the new vaccine provokes the immune system to go after the virus with its own defenses. (healthline.com)

Hepatitis A vaccine can prevent hepatitis A. Hepatitis A vaccines were recommended in the United States beginning in 1996. (medlineplus.gov)
Getting vaccinated against the hepatitis A virus is the best way to prevent these problems. (medicinenet.com)
It is used to prevent hepatitis B infection. (drugs.com)
Getting vaccinated is the best way to prevent hepatitis B. (vaccines.gov)
The best way to prevent this infection is to get the hepatitis B vaccine. (healthline.com)
According to the CDC, the hepatitis B vaccine is recognized as the first anti-cancer vaccine because it can prevent primary liver cancer. (nih.gov)
The hepatitis B pediatric vaccine is used to help prevent this disease in children and teenagers. (rexhealth.com)
Hepatitis A vaccine is used to prevent infection caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV). (mayoclinic.org)
Hepatitis B vaccine is available for all age groups to prevent hepatitis B virus infection. (medindia.net)
However, not vaccinating the mother could be harmful to the baby if the mother becomes infected with a disease that this vaccine could prevent. (rexhealth.com)
If your partner is pregnant and was diagnosed with hepatitis B, extra precautions need to be taken to prevent transmission to the child. (hepb.org)
Non-responders" who test negative for hepatitis B infection as well as friends and family members should practice ways to prevent the spread of hepatitis B , including washing hands, using condoms during sex, avoid direct contact with blood and bodily fluids, and more . (hepb.org)
If you are pregnant and found to have hepatitis B, there are treatments that can be offered to help prevent you from passing the virus on to your baby. (womens-health.co.uk)

There are more reports of serious adverse reactions in children than there are cases of childhood hepatitis B reported in the United States! (mercola.com)
In a Taiwanese study, the institution of universal childhood immunization against hepatitis B virus has been shown to decrease the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma among children. (nih.gov)
being an adolescent who has never received a hepatitis B vaccine during childhood. (rexhealth.com)
Available data suggest that hepatitis A vaccine can be coadministered with other childhood vaccines without decreasing immunogenicity. (aappublications.org)

Hepatitis B is a serious virus that causes inflammation of the liver. (niu.edu)
Hepatitis B is inflammation of the liver due to infection with the hepatitis B virus. (medindia.net)
Hepatitis B causes inflammation of the liver, vomiting, and jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes). (rexhealth.com)
Neonatal hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver that usually occurs in early infancy and is typically transmitted to the baby by the infected mother. (medindia.net)

If you have a mild illness, such as a cold, you can probably get the vaccine today. (medlineplus.gov)

Anatomy1

Organisms16

Diseases18

Chemicals and Drugs64

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment16

Phenomena and Processes9

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science3

Named Groups3

Health Care14

Geographicals4

A case-control study of risk factors for Haemophilus influenzae type B disease in Navajo children. (1/1003)

Altered helper T lymphocyte function associated with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and its role in response to therapeutic vaccination in humans. (2/1003)

Home delivery of heat-stable vaccines in Indonesia: outreach immunization with a prefilled, single-use injection device. (3/1003)

Update on diagnosis, management, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection. (4/1003)

Immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine in preterm infants. (5/1003)

Intracellular retention of hepatitis B virus surface proteins reduces interleukin-2 augmentation after genetic immunizations. (6/1003)

A mathematical model predicting anti-hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBs) decay after vaccination against hepatitis B. (7/1003)

Hepatitis B vaccination in high-risk infants: 10-year follow-up. (8/1003)

Hepatitis B Vaccines

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B Antibodies

Hepatitis B virus

Hepatitis B Surface Antigens

Viral Hepatitis Vaccines

Hepatitis B, Chronic

Hepatitis B Core Antigens

Immunization Schedule

Vaccines, Combined

Vaccines, Synthetic

Vaccination

Vaccines

Hepatitis B e Antigens

Hepatitis B Antigens

Holidays

Hepatitis A

Hepatitis A Vaccines

Immunization, Secondary

Immunization Programs

Haemophilus Vaccines

Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine

Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated

Viral Vaccines

Vaccines, Inactivated

Hepatitis A Antibodies

Vaccines, Conjugate

Hepatitis

Bacterial Vaccines

Thimerosal

Hepatitis, Viral, Human

Vaccines, DNA

Hepatitis C, Chronic

Injections, Intramuscular

Carrier State

Hepatitis A virus

Hepatitis B Virus, Duck

Preservatives, Pharmaceutical

Infant, Newborn

Hepatitis, Chronic

Schools, Nursing

Diphtheria Toxoid

Mumps Vaccine

Injections, Intradermal

Hepatitis Antibodies

Antiviral Agents

AIDS Vaccines

Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine

Antibodies, Viral

Haemophilus influenzae type b

Hepacivirus

Tetanus Toxoid

Adjuvants, Immunologic

Hepatitis C Antibodies

Aluminum Hydroxide

DNA, Viral

Personnel, Hospital

Drug Storage

Meningococcal Vaccines

Immunization

Vaccines, Subunit

Hepatitis, Viral, Animal

Hepatitis D

Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical

Hepatitis Viruses

Alum Compounds

Antibody Formation

Lamivudine

Hepatitis E

Hepatitis Delta Virus

Hepatitis E virus

Seroepidemiologic Studies

Hepatitis A Virus, Human

Hepatitis, Autoimmune

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular

Malaria Vaccines

Alaska

Antibodies, Bacterial

Pregnancy Complications, Infectious

Spontaneous Combustion