A closely related group of antigens found in the plasma only during the infective phase of hepatitis B or in virulent chronic hepatitis B, probably indicating active virus replication; there are three subtypes which may exist in a complex with immunoglobulins G.
The type species of the genus ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS which causes human HEPATITIS B and is also apparently a causal agent in human HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA. The Dane particle is an intact hepatitis virion, named after its discoverer. Non-infectious spherical and tubular particles are also seen in the serum.
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS genus, HEPATITIS B VIRUS. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS B VIRUS lasting six months or more. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.
Those hepatitis B antigens found on the surface of the Dane particle and on the 20 nm spherical and tubular particles. Several subspecificities of the surface antigen are known. These were formerly called the Australia antigen.
Antigens of the virion of the HEPATITIS B VIRUS or the Dane particle, its surface (HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGENS), core (HEPATITIS B CORE ANTIGENS), and other associated antigens, including the HEPATITIS B E ANTIGENS.
The hepatitis B antigen within the core of the Dane particle, the infectious hepatitis virion.
Antibodies to the HEPATITIS B ANTIGENS, including antibodies to the surface (Australia) and core of the Dane particle and those to the "e" antigens.
A reverse transcriptase inhibitor and ZALCITABINE analog in which a sulfur atom replaces the 3' carbon of the pentose ring. It is used to treat HIV disease.
Vaccines or candidate vaccines containing inactivated hepatitis B or some of its component antigens and designed to prevent hepatitis B. Some vaccines may be recombinantly produced.
Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.
Agents used in the prophylaxis or therapy of VIRUS DISEASES. Some of the ways they may act include preventing viral replication by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; binding to specific cell-surface receptors and inhibiting viral penetration or uncoating; inhibiting viral protein synthesis; or blocking late stages of virus assembly.
An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to pyruvate and L-glutamate. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.6.1.2.
The condition of harboring an infective organism without manifesting symptoms of infection. The organism must be readily transmissible to another susceptible host.
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER with ongoing hepatocellular injury for 6 months or more, characterized by NECROSIS of HEPATOCYTES and inflammatory cell (LEUKOCYTES) infiltration. Chronic hepatitis can be caused by viruses, medications, autoimmune diseases, and other unknown factors.
Carbon-containing phosphonic acid compounds. Included under this heading are compounds that have carbon bound to either OXYGEN atom or the PHOSPHOROUS atom of the (P=O)O2 structure.
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS, a single-stranded RNA virus. Its incubation period is 30-90 days. Hepatitis C is transmitted primarily by contaminated blood parenterally, and is often associated with transfusion and intravenous drug abuse. However, in a significant number of cases, the source of hepatitis C infection is unknown.
A purine base and a fundamental unit of ADENINE NUCLEOTIDES.
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the HEPATOVIRUS genus, HUMAN HEPATITIS A VIRUS. It can be transmitted through fecal contamination of food or water.
One of the type I interferons produced by peripheral blood leukocytes or lymphoblastoid cells. In addition to antiviral activity, it activates NATURAL KILLER CELLS and B-LYMPHOCYTES, and down-regulates VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR expression through PI-3 KINASE and MAPK KINASES signaling pathways.
The quantity of measurable virus in a body fluid. Change in viral load, measured in plasma, is sometimes used as a SURROGATE MARKER in disease progression.
Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.
A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.
The transmission of infectious disease or pathogens from one generation to another. It includes transmission in utero or intrapartum by exposure to blood and secretions, and postpartum exposure via breastfeeding.
Substances that are recognized by the immune system and induce an immune reaction.
The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.
Inhibitors of reverse transcriptase (RNA-DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE), an enzyme that synthesizes DNA on an RNA template.
The ability of viruses to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents or antiviral agents. This resistance is acquired through gene mutation.
Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER.
The co-occurrence of pregnancy and an INFECTION. The infection may precede or follow FERTILIZATION.
Purine or pyrimidine bases attached to a ribose or deoxyribose. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans due to infection by VIRUSES. There are several significant types of human viral hepatitis with infection caused by enteric-transmission (HEPATITIS A; HEPATITIS E) or blood transfusion (HEPATITIS B; HEPATITIS C; and HEPATITIS D).
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans that is caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS lasting six months or more. Chronic hepatitis C can lead to LIVER CIRRHOSIS.
The process of intracellular viral multiplication, consisting of the synthesis of PROTEINS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; and sometimes LIPIDS, and their assembly into a new infectious particle.
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Polymers of ETHYLENE OXIDE and water, and their ethers. They vary in consistency from liquid to solid depending on the molecular weight indicated by a number following the name. They are used as SURFACTANTS, dispersing agents, solvents, ointment and suppository bases, vehicles, and tablet excipients. Some specific groups are NONOXYNOLS, OCTOXYNOLS, and POLOXAMERS.
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.
A species in the genus HEPATOVIRUS containing one serotype and two strains: HUMAN HEPATITIS A VIRUS and Simian hepatitis A virus causing hepatitis in humans (HEPATITIS A) and primates, respectively.
A DNA virus that closely resembles human hepatitis B virus. It has been recovered from naturally infected ducks.
Any of the viruses that cause inflammation of the liver. They include both DNA and RNA viruses as well viruses from humans and animals.
Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.
Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.
Immunoglobulins raised by any form of viral hepatitis; some of these antibodies are used to diagnose the specific kind of hepatitis.
Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity.
A genus of FLAVIVIRIDAE causing parenterally-transmitted HEPATITIS C which is associated with transfusions and drug abuse. Hepatitis C virus is the type species.
The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.
Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with hepatitis A virus (HEPATOVIRUS).
Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care. (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)
A country spanning from central Asia to the Pacific Ocean.
Antibodies to the HEPATITIS C ANTIGENS including antibodies to envelope, core, and non-structural proteins.
Proteins, glycoprotein, or lipoprotein moieties on surfaces of tumor cells that are usually identified by monoclonal antibodies. Many of these are of either embryonic or viral origin.
Therapy with two or more separate preparations given for a combined effect.
In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in animals due to viral infection.
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS DELTA VIRUS, a defective RNA virus that can only infect HEPATITIS B patients. For its viral coating, hepatitis delta virus requires the HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGENS produced by these patients. Hepatitis D can occur either concomitantly with (coinfection) or subsequent to (superinfection) hepatitis B infection. Similar to hepatitis B, it is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.
Antigens on surfaces of cells, including infectious or foreign cells or viruses. They are usually protein-containing groups on cell membranes or walls and may be isolated.
Any vaccine raised against any virus or viral derivative that causes hepatitis.
Substances elaborated by viruses that have antigenic activity.
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.
A defective virus, containing particles of RNA nucleoprotein in virion-like form, present in patients with acute hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis. It requires the presence of a hepadnavirus for full replication. This is the lone species in the genus Deltavirus.
Acute INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans; caused by HEPATITIS E VIRUS, a non-enveloped single-stranded RNA virus. Similar to HEPATITIS A, its incubation period is 15-60 days and is enterically transmitted, usually by fecal-oral transmission.
Antibodies to the HEPATITIS A ANTIGENS including antibodies to envelope, core, and non-structural proteins.
A positive-stranded RNA virus species in the genus HEPEVIRUS, causing enterically-transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis (HEPATITIS E).
A chronic self-perpetuating hepatocellular INFLAMMATION of unknown cause, usually with HYPERGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA and serum AUTOANTIBODIES.
EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES based on the detection through serological testing of characteristic change in the serum level of specific ANTIBODIES. Latent subclinical infections and carrier states can thus be detected in addition to clinically overt cases.
Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.
Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.
A strain of HEPATITIS A VIRUS which causes hepatitis in humans. The virus replicates in hepatocytes and is presumed to reach the intestine via the bile duct. Transmission occurs by the fecal-oral route.
Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.
The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.
Ribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in non-human animals.
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
Proteins found mainly in icosahedral DNA and RNA viruses. They consist of proteins directly associated with the nucleic acid inside the NUCLEOCAPSID.
An ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS causing chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma in woodchucks. It closely resembles the human hepatitis B virus.
Antigens produced by various strains of HEPATITIS D VIRUS.
Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.
Antigens of the virions of HEPACIVIRUS, their surface, core, or other associated antigens.

Core promoter mutations and genotypes in relation to viral replication and liver damage in East Asian hepatitis B virus carriers. (1/743)

Virus load and liver damage, as measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and histology activity index, were related to genotype and core promoter mutations in 43 chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers of East Asian origin. T-1762 mutants were more frequent in genotype C strains and were associated with more inflammation (P=.0036) and fibrosis (P=.0088) of the liver but not with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) status or virus load. Conversely, precore mutations were associated with less liver inflammation (P=. 08), which was linked to HBeAg negativity and lower viral replication. Carriers with genotype C were more often HBeAg positive (P=.03) with precore wild type strains and more-severe liver inflammation (P=.009) than were those with genotype B. These findings suggest that pathogenic differences between genotypes may exist and that the T-1762 mutation may be useful as a marker for progressive liver damage but seem to contradict that down-regulation of HBeAg production is the major effect of this mutation.  (+info)

Hepatitis B vaccination in high-risk infants: 10-year follow-up. (2/743)

The long-term efficacy of hepatitis B vaccination among high-risk infants was determined in 805 vaccine responders, immunized at birth in Taiwan during 1981-1984 and followed to age 10 years, via life table survival and Cox multivariate analyses. At 10 years, cumulative persistence of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) was 85%, and cumulative incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was 15%. Three children became carriers. Twelve-month anti-HBs titer was the strongest predictor of efficacy. The higher the initial titer, the lower the risk of anti-HBs loss (relative risk [RR], 0.26 for titer of 100-999 mIU/mL; RR, 0.08 for titer >1000 mIU/mL; P<.001) and HBV infection (RR, 0.55 and 0.27; P<.05). Maternal hepatitis B e antigen positivity but not hepatitis B immunoglobulin dose or gender predicted greater antibody persistence to age 10 years. Because the level of antibody persistence remained high and few became carriers, booster revaccination within 10 years seems unnecessary.  (+info)

Quantitative analysis of hepatitis B virus precore mutant in hepatitis type B. (3/743)

Active liver disease has been detected in chronic hepatitis B after seroconversion from positive HBe antigen to positive anti-HBe antibody. Active replication of HB virus (HBV) containing a precore stop-codon mutation has been implicated in this condition. The usual methods, such as direct sequencing, to characterize the responsible mutant of HBV are not suitable for routine clinical use. Here we employed the competitive mutation site specific assay (CMSSA) to detect precore mutant HBV-DNA in patients with positive HB surface antigen. In patients with HBe antigen, precore mutant HBV-DNA was significantly higher than in patients with HBe antibody. The level of precore mutant HBV-DNA in patients with elevated serum ALT was significantly higher than in patients with normal serum ALT. Sex, age and the level of serum HBV-associated DNA polymerase levels were not correlated with levels of precore mutant HBV-DNA. Ten of 11 negative patients for the precore mutant by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism assay (PCRRFLP) were positive for the precore mutant by CMSSA. These results suggest that the precore mutant has already emerged in the HBeAg-positive phase as determined by CMSSA, which is more sensitive than PCR-RFLP and is useful for evaluating the clinical course of patients with chronic hepatitis B.  (+info)

Hepatitis B surface antigen disappearance and hepatitis B surface antigen subtype: a prospective, long-term, follow-up study of Japanese residents of Okinawa, Japan with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. (4/743)

To determine the natural course of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) disappearance in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the factors related to its disappearance, 946 HBsAg carriers in Okinawa, Japan were prospectively followed for up to 19 years (mean = 9.2 years). The disappearance of HBsAg, as determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA), was observed in 62 (6.6%) and the overall annual disappearance rate was 0.79%/year. Its disappearance was more frequent in 60 (7.4%) of 815 serum samples negative for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) by RIA at entry compared with only two (1.5%) of 131 serum samples that were HBeAg positive by RIA at entry (P < 0.05). Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that age and HBsAg subtype were significantly associated with HBsAg disappearance (both P < 0.05), and that carriers with subtype adr (odds ratio = 2.87) had an increased probability of clearing HBsAg compared with carriers with subtype adw. Conversely, HBeAg disappearance was earlier in those with the adw subtype than in those with adr. Hepatitis B virus DNA was not detected by the polymerase chain reaction after HBsAg disappearance in any of the 62 from whom it had disappeared. The HBsAg titer, as measured by reverse passive hemagglutination, was related to the time to its disappearance; the higher the titer, the longer the time to disappearance. These findings suggest that HBeAg negativity, a more advanced age, and low titers of HBsAg are favorable factors for HBsAg disappearance in the natural course of chronic HBV infection. Moreover, HBsAg subtype adr was a predictive factor for HBsAg disappearance, whereas subtype adw was predictive of early HBeAg disappearance.  (+info)

Specific vaccine therapy in chronic hepatitis B: induction of T cell proliferative responses specific for envelope antigens. (5/743)

In a pilot study, it was established that specific therapy by standard anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination may be effective in reducing HBV replication and canceling the immune tolerance to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) particles in about 50% of persons with chronic active HBV replication. In the present study, the vaccine-induced immune responses were analyzed during an ongoing controlled multicenter vaccine trial. Vaccination elicited peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferative responses specific for envelope antigen in 7 of 27 subjects given HBsAg. The responses induced by the vaccines were mediated by CD4+ T lymphocytes, and at least three different epitopes were recognized. HBV-specific CD4+ T lymphocytes produced high levels of interferon-gamma [corrected] and belonged to a T helper 1 subset. Reduction of serum HBV DNA in some of these persons suggests that induction of CD4+ T cell responses could be important in controlling viremia during vaccine therapy of chronic HBV carriers.  (+info)

Combinatorial screening and intracellular antiviral activity of hairpin ribozymes directed against hepatitis B virus. (6/743)

A combinatorial screening method has been used to identify hairpin ribozymes that inhibit hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication in transfected human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. A hairpin ribozyme library (5 x 10(5) variants) containing a randomized substrate-binding domain was used to identify accessible target sites within 3.3 kb of full-length in vitro-transcribed HBV pregenomic RNA. Forty potential target sites were found within the HBV pregenomic RNA, and 17 sites conserved in all four subtypes of HBV were chosen for intracellular inhibition experiments. Polymerase II and III promoter expression constructs for corresponding hairpin ribozymes were generated and cotransfected into HCC cells together with a replication-competent dimer of HBV DNA. Four ribozymes inhibited HBV replication by 80, 69, 66, and 49%, respectively, while catalytically inactive mutant forms of these ribozymes affected HBV replication by 36, 28, 0, and 0%. These findings indicate that the inhibitory effects on HBV replication were largely mediated by the catalytic activity of the ribozymes. In conclusion, we have identified catalytically active RNAs by combinatorial screening that mediate intracellular antiviral effects on HBV.  (+info)

Markedly high seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in comparison to hepatitis C virus and human T lymphotropic virus type-1 infections in selected Solomon Islands populations. (7/743)

To determine the prevalences of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human T lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) infections in residents of the Solomon Islands, we surveyed 1,610 serum samples from 1,113 outpatients and 497 healthy volunteer blood donors at the Central Hospital in Honiara, the Solomon Islands. The prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) by radioimmunoassay (RIA) (n = 315, 19.6%) was significantly different from that of antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) by a second-generation enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (n = 4, 0.2%) and antibody to HTLV-1 (anti-HTLV-1) by an ELISA with Western blot analysis to verify the positivity (n = 49, 3.0%) (P < 0.0001, respectively). There were no significant differences in the prevalences of these markers between outpatients and blood donors. Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) was detected by RIA in 130 (41.3%) of 315 HBsAg-positive samples. The distribution of HBsAg subtypes by EIA was 190 adr (60.3%), 111 ayw (35.2%), and 14 (0.4%) other subtypes. The HBeAg prevalence decreased with age in all groups for each subtype. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of HBeAg among HBsAg subtypes. We conclude that HBV infection is highly endemic in selected Solomon Islands populations, and that the high prevalence of HBeAg may be associated with the spread of HBV infection there.  (+info)

Dual efficacy of lamivudine treatment in human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis B virus-coinfected persons in a randomized, controlled study (CAESAR). The CAESAR Coordinating Committee. (8/743)

The efficacy and safety of lamivudine in persons coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 and hepatitis B virus (HBV) were examined in the CAESAR study, a randomized placebo-controlled trial assessing the addition of lamivudine (150 mg 2x/day) or lamivudine (150 mg 2x/day) plus loviride (100 mg 3x/day) to zidovudine-containing background antiretroviral treatment. Baseline hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) results were available for 1790 study subjects, of whom 122 (6.8%) tested positive. Retrospective analyses for serial HBV DNA, HBsAg, and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) were performed on stored sera from 118 HBsAg-positive subjects. HBV DNA and HBeAg were present in 83% and 63%, respectively. At weeks 12 and 52, median log10 HBV DNA change was -2.0 and -2.7, respectively, in the lamivudine arms, compared with no reduction among placebo recipients (P<.001). A trend to lower alanine transferase level, and delayed progression of HIV-1 disease (relative hazard, 0.26; 95% confidence interval, 0.08-0.80) were also seen in the lamivudine arms, compared with the placebo group.  (+info)

We read with great interest the recent chronic hepatitis B (CHB) (AASLD) practice guideline written eminently by 2 of the most experienced hepatologists in CHB.1 Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative CHB is characterized by increased levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT)/ aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA , 2,000 IU/mL, and moderate/severe necroinflammation, whereas the inactive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier state is defined as persistently normal ALT/AST on ≥3-4 determinations made every 3 months (then every 6-12 months) and HBV-DNA , 2,000 IU/mL.1. According to our unpublished, recent, prospective cohort of 150 HBeAg-negative chronic HBV patients with a close biochemical and virological follow-up, a substantial proportion (22% of cases or 28% of 228 serum samples tested) of 85 patients with persistently normal ALT/AST levels have HBV-DNA , 2,000 IU/mL (15% at 2,000-5,000 IU/mL and 7% at 5,000-20,000 IU/mL). Such patients are excluded from ...
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BioAssay record AID 378283 submitted by ChEMBL: Inhibition of Hepatitis B virus E antigen activity in human MS-G2 cells at 10 ug/mL.
TY - JOUR. T1 - Outcome of anti-HBe positive chronic hepatitis B in alpha-interferon treated and untreated patients. T2 - A long term cohort study. AU - Brunetto, Maurizia Rossana. AU - Oliveri, Filippo. AU - Coco, Barbara. AU - Leandro, Gioacchino. AU - Colombatto, Piero. AU - Gorin, Juliana Monti. AU - Bonino, Ferruccio. PY - 2002. Y1 - 2002. N2 - Background/Aims: We studied the influence of biochemical and virologic patterns and interferon on the outcome of anti-HBe positive chronic hepatitis B in 164 (103 treated) consecutive patients, followed-up prospectively for a mean of 6 years (21 months-12 years). Methods: Histology, biochemical and virologic profiles were characterized by monthly monitoring during the first 12 months of follow-up. Thereafter patients underwent blood and clinical controls every 4 and 6 months, respectively. Cirrhosis at follow-up histology or end stage complications of cirrhosis served as end points for the analysis of factors influencing disease progression in ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Retroviral-mediated transfer and expression of hepatitis B e antigen in human primary skin fibroblasts and Esptein-Barr virus-transformed B lymphocytes. AU - Raney, A. K.. AU - Milich, D. R.. AU - Hughes, J. L.. AU - Sorge, J.. AU - Chisari, F. V.. AU - Mondelli, M. U.. AU - McLachlan, A.. PY - 1989. Y1 - 1989. N2 - Previously, an amphotropic retroviral expression system coding for the neomycin resistance gene was developed and used to synthesize hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and hepatitis B core/e antigen (HBc/eAg) in transfected mouse NIH 3T3 fibroblasts (A. McLachlan et al., 1987, J. Virol. 61, 683-692). In the present study, these transfected cell lines were infected with a helper amphotropic murine leukemia virus resulting in the production of infectious recombinant retrovirus. The recombinant retrovirus was examined for its capacity to transmit resistance to the antibiotic, G418, and to express hepatitis B virus antigens in mouse NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, human primary skin ...
The underlying mechanisms for earlier hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype B when compared with genotype C are unknown. We aimed to determine whether there were any differences in the T helper (Th) responses during hepatitis flares in HBeAg-positive patients with genotypes B and C. Proliferative response measured by 3H-thymidine uptake and Th responses measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Spot assays for interleukin (IL)-2, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 were performed in 10 patients with genotype B and 10 with genotype C with hepatitis flares. HBV genotypes, core promoter, precore mutations, sequence of HBV core region and HBV DNA levels were determined. There was no difference in the HBV DNA levels during hepatitis flares between patients with genotypes B and C. Patients with genotype B had a significantly higher number of IFN-γ producing cells [with hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) stimulation] and lower ...
Intravenous administration of 1.0 mg/kg ARC-520 once every 4 weeks for 3 total doses, plus entecavir (0.5 or 1.0 mg/day) or tenofovir (300 mg/day), taken throughout the study.. Pretreatment with diphenhydramine 50 mg 2 hours (±30 minutes) prior to administration of study drug.. ...
Intravenous administration of 1.0 mg/kg ARC-520 once every 4 weeks for 3 total doses, plus entecavir (0.5 or 1.0 mg/day) or tenofovir (300 mg/day), taken throughout the study.. Pretreatment with diphenhydramine 50 mg 2 hours (±30 minutes) prior to administration of study drug.. ...
Hepatitis b e antigen definition at Dictionary.com, a free online dictionary with pronunciation, synonyms and translation. Look it up now!
Tseng, T.-C., Liu, C.-J., Yang, H.-C., Su, T.-H., Wang, C.-C., Chen, C.-L., Fang-Tzu Kuo, S., Liu, C.-H., Chen, P.-J., Chen, D.-S. and Kao, J.-H. (2012), Determinants of spontaneous surface antigen loss in hepatitis B e antigen-negative patients with a low viral load. Hepatology, 55: 68-76. doi: 10.1002/hep.24615 ...
臺大位居世界頂尖大學之列,為永久珍藏及向國際展現本校豐碩的研究成果及學術能量,圖書館整合機構典藏(NTUR)與學術庫(AH)不同功能平台,成為臺大學術典藏NTU scholars。期能整合研究能量、促進交流合作、保存學術產出、推廣研究成果。. To permanently archive and promote researcher profiles and scholarly works, Library integrates the services of NTU Repository with Academic Hub to form NTU Scholars.. ...
Background & Aims: A previous 4-week trial of telbivudine in patients with chronic hepatitis B indicated marked antiviral effects with good tolerability, leading to the present 1-year phase 2b trial. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of telbivudine 400 or 600 mg/day and telbivudine 400 or 600 mg/day plus lamivudine 100 mg/day (Comb400 and Comb600) compared with lamivudine 100 mg/day in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive adults with compensated chronic hepatitis B. Results: A total of 104 patients were randomized 1:1:1:1:1 among the 5 groups. Median reductions in serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels at week 52 (log 10 copies/mL) were as follows: lamivudine, 4.66; telbivudine 400 mg, 6.43; telbivudine 600 mg, 6.09; Comb400, 6.40; and Comb600, 6.05. At week 52, telbivudine monotherapy showed a significantly greater mean reduction in HBV DNA levels (6.01 vs 4.57 log 10 copies/mL; P < .05), clearance of polymerase chain ...
Hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B e antigen, hepatitis B virus DNA, alanine aminotransferase, liver histology, quantification
International Journal of Hepatology is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies related to the medical, surgical, pathological, biochemical, and physiological aspects of hepatology, as well as the management of disorders affecting the liver, gallbladder, biliary tree, and pancreas.
Mouse monoclonal antibody raised against recombinant hepatitis B virus e antigen. Recombinant protein corresponding to hepatitis B virus e antigen. (MAB0466) - Products - Abnova
Hepatitis B E Antigen (HBeAg) is a protein found in hepatitis B virus. It is tested in patients suspected of having active hepatitis B infection.
Result 184 patients (mean age 53.9 years, 67.9% male) were recruited. The cumulative rate of virologic relapse at 24 and 48 weeks was 74.2% and 91.4%, respectively. The median HBV DNA level at virologic relapse was 11 000 (range 2115 to ,1.98×108) IU/mL. 42 (25.8%) patients had elevated alanine aminotransferase (median level 97 U/L, range 37-1058 U/L) during virologic relapse. Mean rate of off-treatment HBsAg decline was 0.018 (±0.456) log IU/mL/year. No patients cleared HBsAg. There was no correlation between off-treatment serial HBsAg and HBV DNA levels (r=−0.026, p=0.541). HBsAg levels at the time of entecavir commencement, entecavir cessation and the subsequent rate of HBsAg reduction were not associated with virologic relapse (all p,0.05).. ...
Different guidelines exist for the management of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected healthcare workers (HCWs). Various HBV DNA levels are used as a cutoff level to determine whether an HBV-infected healthcare worker is allowed to perform exposure-prone procedures (EPPs) or not. OSAP member and Arthur A. Dugoni Pacific School of Dentistry faculty member, Eve Cuny MS, has done extensive research on this topic. The Board of OSAP thanks Ms. Cuny for her generosity in sharing articles, a sample policy and a copy of a presentation she made on this topic at the 2009 OSAP Annual Symposium.. If readers have additional materials they wish to contribute to this toolkit, please click HERE ...
Objective: To assess risk factors for liver-related death, we re-evaluated, after a median follow-up of 25 years, a cohort of 70 Caucasian patients with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive chronic hepatitis (CH) at presentation.. Methods: Follow-up studies included clinical and ultrasound examinations, biochemical and virological tests, and cause of death.. Results: Sixty-one (87%) patients underwent spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion. During a median period of 22.8 years after HBeAg seroclearance, 40 (66%) patients became inactive carriers, whereas the remaining 21 (34%) showed alanine aminotransferase elevation: one (1%) had HBeAg reversion, nine (15%) detectable serum HBV DNA but were negative for HBeAg, eight (13%) concurrent virus(es) infection and three (5%) concurrent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Liver-related death occurred in 11 (15.7%) patients, caused by hepatocellular carcinoma in five and liver failure in six. The 25-year survival probability was 40% in patients persistently ...
T cell proliferative responses to hepatitis B virus-encoded envelope antigen (S + preS2 + preS1), recombinant core antigen (HBcAg), and natural hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) were examined in 22 HBeAg-positive patients with chronic type B hepatitis and 17 healthy hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers. The results showed that HBeAg-positive patients had (a) higher levels of T cell responses to HBcAg/HBeAg than those of healthy HBsAg carriers (P less than 0.001 and P less than 0.01, respectively); (b) a further increase in these T cell responses during acute exacerbations (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.05, respectively); (c) subsidence in the T cell responses to HBcAg/HBeAg after recovery from acute exacerbations and HBeAg seroconversion, whereas the responses would persist at high levels if the patients did not enter a clinical remission; and (d) low levels of T cell responses to S + preS2 + preS1 either before or after HBeAg seroconversion. The appearance of increasing T cell ...
When a patient with hepatitis B e antigen positive infection undergoes treatment, we like to see the patient lose their e antigen and gain e antibody. That tells us the patient has \
High baseline serum levels of interleukin (IL)-23 can help to identify hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B patients who are likely to respond to pegylated interferon (PegIFN) treatment, a Chinese study indicates. Baseline serum levels of the cytokines … Continue reading →. ...
Hepatitis B virus (HBV), a small and economically packaged double-stranded DNA virus, represents an enormous global health care burden. In spite of an effective vaccine, HBV is endemic in many countries. Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) results in the development of significant clinical outcomes such as liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which are associated with high mortality rates. HBV is a non-cytopathic virus, with the hosts immune response responsible for the associated liver damage. Indeed, HBV appears to be a master of manipulating and modulating the immune response to achieve persistent and chronic infection. The HBV precore protein or hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) is a key viral protein involved in these processes, for instance though the down-regulation of the innate immune response. The development of new therapies that target viral proteins, such as HBeAg, which regulates of the immune system, may offer a new wave of potential therapeutics to circumvent progression to CHB ...
Objective To examine viral evolutionary changes and their relationship to hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion. Design A matched case-control study of HBeAg seroconverters (n=8) and non-seroconverters (n=7) with adequate stored sera before seroconversion was performed. Nested PCR, cloning and sequencing of hepatitis B virus (HBV) precore/core gene was performed. Sequences were aligned using Clustal X2.0, followed by construction of phylogenetic trees using Pebble 1.0. Viral diversity, evolutionary rates and positive selection were then analysed. Results Baseline HBV quasispecies viral diversity was identical in seroconverters and non-seroconverters 10 years before seroconversion but started to increase approximately 3 years later. Concurrently, precore stop codon (PSC) mutations appeared. Some 2 years later, HBV-DNA declined, together with a dramatic reduction in HBeAg titres. Just before HBeAg seroconversion, seroconverters had HBV-DNA levels 2 log lower (p=0.008), HBeAg titres 310-fold smaller
The long-term goal of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) treatment is improvement of liver disease and prevention of cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to assess whether prolonged telbivudine treatment improves liver inflammation and fibrosis. The primary objective was to evaluate the proportion of patients with absence/minimal inflammation (Knodell necroinflammatory score a parts per thousand currency sign3) on liver biopsy at Year 5.. Fifty-seven patients aged 16-70 years with a clinical history of CHB and active viral replication (38 hepatitis B e antigen [HBeAg] positive and 19 HBeAg negative) were followed for 6 years: 33 received telbivudine 600 mg/day continuously for 5 years; 24 received lamivudine 100 mg/day for 2 years and then telbivudine for 3 years. Liver biopsies were taken pre-treatment and after 5 years of treatment.. At baseline, mean (standard deviation) serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA load was 8.5 (1.7) log(10) copies/mL, Knodell necroinflammatory score was 7.6 (2.9), and Ishak ...
Factors that Predict Response of Patients With Hepatitis B e Antigen-Positive Chronic Hepatitis B to Peginterferon-Alfa Erik. H.C.J. Buster, Bettina E. Hansen, George K.K. Lau , Teerha Piratvisuth, Stefan Zeuzem, Ewout W. Steyerberg and Harry L.A. Janssen Gastroenterology 2009; 137(6): 2002-2009. ...
Our previous OSST study shows that switching to pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN)-α2a results in higher rates of response hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss at the end of treatment, compared with nucleot(s)ide analogues (NAs) monotherapy in long term NA-treated chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. In order to characterize the correlation between Peg-IFN-α antiviral effect and IFN-inducing signaling in CHB patients who switched to Peg-IFN from long time entecavir (ETV) treatment, we investigated the dynamic expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), including STAT1, MX, and a negative regulatory factor, suppressor of cytokine signaling 3(SOCS3), which negatively regulate IFN JAK-STAT signaling pathway by interacting with STAT1 and STAT2, in peripheral blood and paired liver samples, obtained from 54 CHB patients enrolled in a clinical trial, OSST study ...
Hepatitis B e (Envelop) Antigen (HbeAg): View interpretation of results, purpose, procedure, answers to patient concerns/FAQs and book at lowest prices from labs and diagnostic centers in your city on 1mg.com.
Book Hepatitis B e (Envelope) Antibody In New Delhi online from Prednalytics Laboratory. View test prices, normal range, sample results and user reviews about labs only on 1mg
The data reported to the FDA via FAERS frequently have many gaps, as demonstrated in this report. These data bear no resemblance to those of the clinical trials, and the FDA has a difficult job in determining whether a previously unrecognized safety event is occurring. In addition, much of the data clinicians require to understand an events effect on clinical management are unavailable. The HCV guidelines of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (AASLD-IDSA) now recommend that patients receive testing for HBsAg, HBsAb, and HBcAb before beginning HCV treatment (9). These guidelines recommend that patients who have positive results on HBsAg testing undergo a full evaluation of their HBV status (including hepatitis B e antigen status and HBV DNA levels). If a patient meets the criteria for HBV treatment, he or she should receive it before beginning HCV therapy. Otherwise, HBV DNA should be monitored during HCV treatment; if, while ...
In May 1995 a dentist practising in central Scotland was discovered to be hepatitis B e antigen seropositive and therefore highly infectious. The dentist ceased clinical practice immediately and an incident team was convened.. The 6,753 patients treated by the dentist during his professional career were identified and cross-matched with the records of notifications and laboratory diagnoses of hepatitis B since 1988. No patients were shown to have developed clinical hepatitis B subsequent to treatment by the dentist.. The incident group then debated whether there should be any further action. One view expressed was that since routine data sources had identified no clinical cases of hepatitis B amongst the dentists patients, the probability of undetected transmission was very low. A look back exercise notifying the dentists former patients would therefore cause them unnecessary anxiety with little health benefit. The contrasting view was that patients had the right to know that they had been ...
During Malaria Treatment I was tested for HbSAg and which was found reactive and hence we gone for HBeAg and ANTI HBcAg-IgM Which was found negative .. So what is its meaning and should I go for Vaccin...
This study is to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of nivolumab treatment with or without GS-4774 in adults with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis
I would want to know what the HBV DNA result is -- if it is suppressed that would be great news. If so, I would check the HBe Antibody as well. If that is positive, then that would be additional...
A close friend was recently diagnosed as having Hep B. After a 2nd test the results have come back HBeag cutoff marker 1.00, score 0.157 - non reactive Anti HBeag cutoff marker 1.00, score 0.344 -...
I look like an adult. I feel like an adult. I certainly have the bills of an adult. But for some reason, my dad still thinks Im a child. What gives?
I s s u e 1 7 , O c t o b e r - D e c e m b e r 2 0 0 5 Goto www.wddty.com. And cal me for the info sheet I Hope you al had a beautiful summer; we have had a very busy summer and look forward to the winter, staying warm indoors and sharing with you al . We are in the process of setting up a formal complementary health practice at home. We wil be giving Jin Shin In the last newsletter I wr ...
A precore mutant is a variety of hepatitis B virus that does not produce hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBeAg). These mutants are important because infections caused by these viruses are difficult to treat, and can cause infections of prolonged duration and with a higher risk of liver cirrhosis. The mutations are changes in DNA bases from guanine to adenine at base position 1896 (G1896A), and from cytosine to thymine at position 1858 (C1858T) in the precore region of the viral genome. The HBV has four genes: S, P, C, and X. The S gene codes for the major envelope protein (HBsAg). The largest gene is P. It codes for DNA polymerase. The C gene codes for HBeAg and HBcAg. The C gene has a precore and a core region. If translation is initiated at the precore region, the protein product is HBeAg. If translation begins with the core region, HBcAg is the protein product. HBeAg is a marker of HBV replication and infectivity. The precore region is not necessary for viral replication. Precore mutants can ...
Definition of hepatitis B e antigen. Provided by Stedmans medical dictionary and Drugs.com. Includes medical terms and definitions.
This exploratory study investigated nivolumab with or without GS-4774 in patients with HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B infection
Background & aims Virological breakthrough (VBT) could be a manifestation of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in patients treated with long-term nucleot(s)ide analogues. We aimed to determine the association of on-treatment serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA with VBT in HBeAg-positive CHB patients receiving entecavir (ETV) treatment. Methods A retrospective cohort study, including 162 consecutive patients (95 men and 67 women; mean age, 43.1±13.4 years) with HBeAg-positive CHB treated with ETV for at least 48 weeks between August 2008 and May 2015, was conducted. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis were used to identify associations with VBT and clinical factors, including HBV DNA and HBeAg serum status. Results Among the 162 ETV-treated HBeAg-positive CHB patients, eighteen patients (11.1%) experienced VBT (VBT group), whereas the other 144 patients were without VBT (non-VBT group). The cumulative rate of HBV DNA | 100 IU/mL in the VBT group and the non-VBT group at week 48 were 44.44% and
TY - JOUR. T1 - Twenty-four-week clevudine therapy showed potent and sustained antiviral activity in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B. AU - Byung, Chul Yoo. AU - Ju, Hyun Kim. AU - Chung, Young Hwa. AU - Kwan, Sik Lee. AU - Seung, Woon Paik. AU - Soo, Hyung Ryu. AU - Byung, Hoon Han. AU - Han, Joon Yeol. AU - Kwan, Soo Byun. AU - Cho, Mong. AU - Lee, Heon Ju. AU - Kim, Tae Hun. AU - Cho, Se Hyun. AU - Park, Joong Won. AU - Um, Soon Ho. AU - Seong, Gyu Hwang. AU - Young, Soo Kim. AU - Lee, Youn Jae. AU - Chae, Yoon Chon. AU - Kim, Byung Ik. AU - Lee, Young Suk. AU - Yang, Jin Mo. AU - Haak, Cheoul Kim. AU - Jae, Seok Hwang. AU - Choi, Sung Kyu. AU - Kweon, Young Oh. AU - Jeong, Sook Hyang. AU - Lee, Myung Seok. AU - Choi, Jong Young. AU - Kim, Dae Ghon. AU - Yun, Soo Kim. AU - Heon, Young Lee. AU - Yoo, Kwon. AU - Yoo, Hee Won. AU - Lee, Hyo Suk. PY - 2007/5. Y1 - 2007/5. N2 - Clevudine is a pyrimidine analogue with potent and sustained antiviral activity against HBV. The present study ...
2011) Viruses 3, 83-101.. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genomes are small, semi-double-stranded DNA circular genomes that contain alternating overlapping reading frames and replicate through an RNA intermediary phase. This complex biology has presented a challenge to estimating an evolutionary rate for HBV, leading to difficulties resolving the evolutionary and epidemiological history of the virus. Here, we re-examine rates of HBV evolution using a novel data set of 112 within-host, transmission history (pedigree) and among-host genomes isolated over 20 years from the indigenous peoples of the South Pacific, combined with 248 previously published HBV genomes. We employ Bayesian phylogenetic approaches to examine several potential causes and consequences of evolutionary rate variation in HBV. Our results reveal rate variation both between genotypes and across the genome, as well as strikingly slower rates when genomes are sampled in the Hepatitis B e antigen positive state, compared to the e antigen ...
It is estimated that there are 350 million world wide carriers of the hepatitis B virus, mostly coming from Asia (Lai et al., 2005). With immigration of Chinese into Western countries, hepatitis B is now becoming established in countries where it was previously uncommon. Chronic hepatitis B infection is a prevalent disease especially in the Toronto and Vancouver areas where most Asians live. Fortunately, over the past decade effective anti-viral treatments have become available. Chronic hepatitis B is mostly an asymptomatic disease, therefore, serological and imaging tests should be used to identify, follow and treat those considered high risk ...
PubMedID: 26100697 | Prolonged Entecavir Therapy Is Not Effective for HBeAg Seroconversion in Treatment-Naive Chronic Hepatitis B Patients with a Partial Virological Response. | Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy | 9/1/2015
In patients with chronic hepatitis B infection, treatment with pegylated interferon has effected a fast and significant decline in hepatitis B virus RNA.
To assess the role of hepatitis B e antigen HBeAg and its interaction with hepatitis B surface antigen HBsAg on the development of hepatocellular carcinoma HCC, this case-control study included 361 age-and sex-matched pairs of patients with histologically proven HCC and healthy control subjects. HBsAg, HBeAg and antibody to HBeAg anti-HBe were...
The SR-domain protein kinase (SRPK) 1 and 2 are two important kinases, which can bind to the hepatitis B virus (HBV) core protein and may be responsible for the phosphorylation of the core protein. The HBV precore protein contains core protein sequence plus an additional 29 amino acids in the N-terminus. The HBV e antigen is formed after processing of the precore to the p22e protein. Here, the role of SRPK1 and SRPK2 in the processing of the precore was determined. SRPK1 and SRPK2 can affect the precore processing in a kinase activity dependent manner; however, they have no significant effect on HBeAg secretion. Using confocal microscopy, I show that precore protein and SRPK2 colocalized, suggesting their physical interaction. Thus, these findings indicate that SRPK1 and SRPK2 can bind and phosphorylate the precore in the cytoplasm and affect the processing of the precore without affecting the HBeAg secretion ...
In approximately 9 years after initiating NA administration, 44 % (17/39) of HBeAg-negative patients and 15 % (8/55) of HBeAg-positive patients were under control without NA. In other words, more than half of HBeAg-negative and most of HBeAg-positive patients still need NA therapy, suggesting difficulty in stopping NA therapy.. In this study we adopted the APASL stopping recommendation [12]. Most of the HBeAg-negative patients (95 %) satisfied this stopping criteria, whereas only one forth of the HBeAg-positive patients (27 %) did. These results are in agreement with a study [15] reporting that seroconversion from HBeAg-positive to HBeAb-positive occurred only in 38 % of HBeAg-positive patients through 4 year-treatment of ETV. Multivariate analysis revealed that patients with lower serum HBV-DNA levels were more likely to meet the stopping criteria in concordance with the previous study [15]. Thus, patients with higher serum HBV-DNA will have difficulty to cease NA treatment once it ...
Looking for online definition of CD49e antigen in the Medical Dictionary? CD49e antigen explanation free. What is CD49e antigen? Meaning of CD49e antigen medical term. What does CD49e antigen mean?
Aims: The aim was to test the efficacy of a pre-S2-containing vaccine (Genhevac-B) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Twenty-five naive patients (22 male, three female; median age 35; range: 6-69 years) with CHB were recruited. The inclusion criteria were: hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive or HBV-DNA detectable with liquid hybridization; alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is at least 1.5-fold the upper normal limit and histological evidence of chronic hepatitis. ...
To date no network meta-analysis (NMA) has accounted for baseline variations in viral load when assessing the relative efficacy of interventions for chronic hepatitis B (CHB). We undertook baseline-adjusted and unadjusted analyses using the same data to explore the impact of baseline viral load (BVL) on CHB treatment response. We searched Embase, Medline, Medline in Process and the Cochrane CENTRAL databases for randomised clinical trials (RCTs) of monotherapy interventions at licensed doses for use in CHB. Search strategies comprised CHB disease and drug terms (a combination of controlled vocabulary and free text terms) and also a bespoke RCT filter. The NMA was undertaken in WinBUGs using fixed and random effects methods, using data obtained from a systematic review. Individual patient data (IPD) from an entecavir clinical trial were used to quantify the impact of different baseline characteristics (in particular undetectable viral load (UVL) at 1 year) on relative treatment effect. Study level mean
Background. Cost and clinically significant adverse effects are the major limiting factors of interferon (IFN) use in therapy for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. A clinical trial was conducted in China to study the efficiency and clinical relevance of low-dose regimen of IFN treatment for chronic HBV infection and to reveal factors predicting sustained combined response.. Methods. During a randomized, open-label control study, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive patients with chronic HBV infection (n = 230) were assigned to receive pegylated IFN-α-2b (1.0 µg/kg) (n = 115) or IFN-α-2b (3 MIU; n = 115) for a 24-week period. Sustained combined response was assessed 24 weeks after the completion of treatment.. Results. The greater rate of HBeAg loss in the pegylated IFN-group (23%) was the only statistically significant difference between the 2 treatment arms observed at the end of follow-up. The results of the multivariate statistical analysis revealed that HBV genotype B and ...
After patients completed 96 weeks of treatment and emtricitabine was stopped, patients were followed off treatment for 6 months. Treatment-free follow-up data showed continued virologic response for 19 of 69 patients (28% with HBV DNA levels ≦4700copies/mL), serologic response for 20 of 50 patients (40% seroconversion to anti-HBe), and normal ALT for 38 of 66 patients (58%). Similar relapse rates were observed for both HBeAg positive and HBeAg negative patients for both HBV DNA and ALT, i.e. HBV DNA >LOD and/or ALT abnormal at follow-up week 24 for patients with HBV DNA < LOD and/or ALT normal at week 96. Of the patients who had seroconverted to anti-HBe by week 96 (n=22), four patients reverted to HBeAg positive and one patient lost anti-HBe but remained HBeAg negative at the end of the treatment-free follow-up; the other 17 patients (77%) had stable seroconversion. Of the 78 patients with at least 1 day of follow-up, 15 patients (19%) experienced exacerbation of hepatitis. Generally, ...
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) has demonstrated high antiviral efficacy in treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection but experience in nucleoside/nucleotide analogue (NA)-experienced patients is limited. In this retrospective multicenter study we therefore assessed the long-term efficacy of TDF monotherapy in patients with prior failure or resistance to different NA treatments. Criteria for inclusion were HBV DNA levels ,4.0 log10copies/mL at the start and aminimum period of TDF therapy for at least 6 months. In all, 131 patients (mean age 42 ± 12 years, 95 male, 65% hepatitis B e antigen [HBeAg]-positive) were eligible. Pretreatment consisted of either monotherapy with lamivudine (LAM; n = 18), adefovir (ADV; n = 8), and sequential LAM-ADV therapy (n = 73), or add-on combination therapy with both drugs (n = 29). Three patients had failed entecavir therapy. Resistance analysis in 113 of the 131 patients revealed genotypic LAM and ADV resistance in 62% and 19% ...
WLL has a patient with hepatitis C that was contracted during a blood transfusion over 10 years ago. The infection was associated with a slowly increasing alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level over the past two years. Liver biopsy showed mild to moderate inflammation with no cirrhosis. WLLs patient had read about using vitamin E, 400 IU per day, to reduce levels of ALT, hepatitis B e antigen and hepatitis B e antibody in patients with hepatitis B virus (Ann Intern Med 1998;128:156-7). In addition, he had heard of using the hepatoprotective botanical milk thistle (Silybum marianum) for reducing transaminase levels in patients with chronic active hepatitis (Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 1993;31:456-60) and alcoholic cirrhosis (J Hepatol 1989;9:105-13). The patient wanted to try them. So, he and WLL discussed the risks (which appeared to be few according to the literature) and benefits (which were only anecdotal for treatment of hepatitis C) and decided on a trial-of-one. WLL performed a ...
Background: In chronic hepatitis B (CHB), the presence of hepatic steatosis (HS) seems to be associated with known host and viral factors which may influence the long-term prognosis of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), probably leading to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Different from chronic hepatitis C (CHC), factors associated with HS in CHB are not clearly explored. Materials and Methods: 160 CHB patients were divided into two groups depending on the results of liver biopsy. Group I consisted of 71 patients with confirmed steatosis. Group II comprised 89 patients without steatosis. The groups were compared in terms of basal characteristics, body mass index (BMI), liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP), serum fasting blood sugar (FBS) and lipids, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), viral load, and histological findings. Results: In terms of host factors, male gender, older age, BMI, high serum FBS and lipid levels were associated with HS. On the other hand, ALT levels, the HAI scores of ...
Specifications HBeAg mAb2: Antibody against E Antigen of Hepatitis B Virus Catalogue # Immunogen Source Host Clone Applications MD-A28-Ab2 Mouse Monoclonal ELISA, Lateral flow immunoassay Grade Ion-exchange purified >95% Storage & Stability Store at 2-8°C. The product is stable in the unopened vial until the expiry date given. For long-term storage, freeze at -20°C. Avoid repetitive freezing and thawing. Concentration Format Specificity Recognizes e antigen of hepatitis B. Isotype IgG1 Affinity Constant Titer Hazards Intended for laboratory and manufacturing use only. Not for drug, food or household use. Standard laboratory practices should be followed when handling.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections represent a global health problem, since these account for 350 million chronic infections worldwide that result in 500 000-700 000 deaths each year. Control of viral replication and HBV-related disease and mortality are of utmost importance. Because the currently available antiviral therapies all have major limitations, new strategies to treat chronic HBV infection are eagerly awaited. Six single-domain antibodies (VHHs) targeting the core antigen of HBV (HBcAg) have been generated and three of these bound strongly to HBcAg of both subtype ayw and adw. These three VHHs were studied as intrabodies directed towards the nucleus or the cytoplasm of a hepatoma cell line that was co-transfected with HBV. A speckled staining of HBcAg was observed in the cytoplasm of cells transfected with nucleotropic VHH intrabodies. Moreover, an increased intracellular accumulation of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and a complete disappearance of intracellular HBcAg signal were observed with
Adult patients (18-69 years of age) with HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B (HBsAg positive for more than 6 months) with serum HBV DNA ,10 to the 6 copies /mL, ALT levels ,2 x ULN and less than or equal to 10x ULN and a Knodell necroinflammatory score of greater than or equal to 3 and a Knodell fibrosis score , 4. However, up to 96 patients with cirrhosis, i.e. knodell fibrosis score equal to 4, will be eligible for enrollment. Patients who have not had a bopisy within 6 months at baseline must agree to undergo a liver biopsy prior to randomisation. No evidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ie. fetoptotein 50 ng/mL at screening. Patients are wligible if they are treatment naive, ie less than 12 weeks of prior nucleoside or nucleotide (adefovir, dipivoxil or tenofovir DF) treatment. Any previous treatment with nucleosides and nucleotides (eg up to 12 weeks) and interferon (pegylated or not) must have ended at least 6 months prior to the pre-treatment biopsy. ...
Chronic carriers of hepatitis B infection often harbour virus strains with mutations in the precore region. These mutations are temporally associated with the development of HBeAg loss and seroconversion to anti-HBe. The most common precore mutation is a stop codon at position 1896, but other mutations leading to abolished HBeAg secretion have been described. Here, a novel precore mutation introducing a lysine in the precore position 28, a sequence shared by non-human primates but not by other human isolates, is described. However, the insertion causes a frame-shift preventing the expression of HBeAg by introducing a stop codon 5 aa downstream of the mutation. Analysis of the predicted RNA secondary structure indicates that the insertion could occur without fatally affecting the stability of the stem-loop encapsidation signal.
To determine which baseline factors of chronic hepatitis B patients are predictive of virological response to Peginterferon alpha-2b therapy. A total of 21 HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients treated with Peginterferon alpha-2b were recruited. They were treated with Peginterferon alpha-2b (0.5-1.0 microg/kg per week) for 24 wk and followed ...
Objective: To investigate the optimal treatment regimen for patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) after suboptimal response to 24 weeks of pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN) α-2a. Methods: A total of 188 patients with HBeAg-positive CHB who had suboptimal response to 24 weeks of Peg-IFN α-2a were randomly divided into entecavir group (n = 93) and telbivudine group (n = 95). The two groups received entecavir 0.5 mg/d and telbivudine 0.6 g/d, respectively, for 208 weeks. After 208 weeks of treatment, the following indices were assessed: HBeAg clearance rate and seroconversion rate, hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA clearance rate (HBV DNA , 500 IU/ml), safety, and drug resistance rate ...
52-Week Efficacy and Safety of Telbivudine with Conditional Tenofovir Intensification at Week 24 in HBeAg-Positive Chronic Hepatitis B. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.
Antiretroviral Drugs with Dual Activities against HBV and HIV. Among the ARV drugs, 3TC, FTC, TAF, and TDF all have activity against HBV. Entecavir is an HBV nucleoside analog which also has weak HIV activity. TAF is a tenofovir prodrug with HBV activity and potentially less renal and bone toxicities than TDF. The efficacy of TDF versus TAF in patients with HBV monoinfection was evaluated in a randomized controlled trial of HBV treatment-naive and treatment-experienced HBeAg-negative patients. In this study, TAF was noninferior to TDF based on the percentage of patients with HBV DNA levels ,29 IU/mL at 48 weeks of therapy (94% for TAF vs. 93% for TDF; P = .47).18 TAF was also noninferior to TDF in HBeAg-positive patients with chronic HBV monoinfection with a similar percentage of patients achieving HBV DNA levels ,29 IU/mL at 48 weeks of therapy (64% for TAF vs. 67% for TDF; P = .25).19 In both studies, patients on TAF experienced significantly smaller mean percentage decreases from baseline in ...
Determine if the E (RH3) antigen is expressed on the patients red blood cells. To determine if the patient is heterozygous or homozygous for the E antigen, Little e Antigen Typing - Patient (2007943) should also be ordered.. ...
Lamivudine was previously the only oral medication for chronic hepatitis B infection and had problems with rapid induction of viral resistance, which led to severe hepatitis flares in some affected patients. Tailoring therapy to those patients at increased risk of disease progression has been important, given the known risks of treatment. The presence or absence of hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg) provides some important prognostic information. Those patients who are initially HBeAg-positive but then seroconvert to a negative antigen status with positive envelope antibody and suppressed viral load are known to have decreased progression of liver disease. In contrast, infected patients who have ongoing viral replication in the presence of negative HBeAg and positive envelope antibody appear to have more risk for severe and progressive liver injury. Marcellin and colleagues from Adefovir Study Group 437 (use of adefovir in HBeAg-positive patients) and Hadziyannis and colleagues from Adefovir ...
RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 68 months, HBsAg loss occurred in 32 patients, including 16 (8%) of 196 untreated patients (mean annual incidence 0.8%), 8 (10%) of 82 interferon (IFN) alpha-treated patients and eight patients who had been treated with other antivirals or steroids. The 5-yr probability of HBsAg loss was 4% and 16% for untreated and IFN-treated patients, respectively (p = 0.0001). Coxs regression analysis identified hepatitis B e antigen-positivity at entry as the sole independent prognostic factor for HBsAg loss. Of the 32 patients who lost HBsAg, one (3%) subsequently developed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and died, whereas, among the patients who remained HBsAg-positive, 11% developed HCC and 20% had died. The probability of HCC appearance was lower (p = 0.0137) and survival was longer (p = 0.0006) in patients who cleared HBsAg compared with patients with HBsAg persistence ...
HBeAg, the hepatitis B e-antigen, is a protein that circulates in the blood during active infection with the virus, but it may clear in recovery.
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Coleman, Paul F. (2017-02-17). "Detecting Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Mutants". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 12 (2): 198-203. ... Breakthrough cases of Hepatitis B are primarily attributed to mutations in the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) that make HBV surface ... Breakthrough infections of Hepatitis B and mumps are partially attributed to antigenic drift. Vaccines may fail to provide ... If B cell receptors bind to the antigen and Fc receptor simultaneously bind to the maternal antibody, the Fc receptors send a ...
Hepatitis B virus surface antigens have not been detected. Hep G2 will respond to stimulation with human growth hormone.[ ... Sigma Aldrich Sales Page for Hep G2 ATCC Sales Page for Hep G2 Cellosaurus entry for Hep G2 Hep G2 is a hepatoblastoma-derived ... Hep G2 (or HepG2) is a human liver cancer cell line. Hep G2 is an immortal cell line which was derived in 1975 from the liver ... Hep G2, American Type Culture Collection Ihrke G, Neufeld EB, Meads T, Shanks MR, Cassio D, Laurent M, et al. (December 1993 ...
In 1964, while studying "yellow jaundice" (hepatitis), he discovered a surface antigen for hepatitis B in the blood of an ... 3. The age of antigens and electronic microscopy" [History of hepatitis. 3. The age of antigens and electronic microscopy]. La ... a nonprofit organization dedicated to finding a cure for hepatitis B and improving the lives of those affected by hepatitis B ... Blumberg and his team were able to develop a screening test for the hepatitis B virus, to prevent its spread in blood donations ...
... has been found to have homology to hepatitis delta virus antigen (HDAg). DIPA interacts with the viral antigen, HDAg, and can ... Long M, de Souza SJ, Gilbert W (May 1997). "Delta-interacting protein A and the origin of hepatitis delta antigen". Science. ... Brazas R, Ganem D (Oct 1996). "A cellular homolog of hepatitis delta antigen: implications for viral replication and evolution ... Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a pathogenic human virus whose RNA genome and replication cycle resemble those of plant viroids ...
Alipour, Elias (23 June 2013). "Gold nanoparticle based capacitive immunosensor for detection of hepatitis B surface antigen". ... Hepatitis B Prepared AuNPs-Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA gene probes could be used to detect HBV DNA directly. The detection- ...
... (core antigen) is a hepatitis B viral protein. It is an indicator of active viral replication; this means the person ... May 2003). "New enzyme immunoassay for detection of hepatitis B virus core antigen (HBcAg) and relation between levels of HBcAg ... HBcAg is an antigen that can be found on the surface of the nucleocapsid core (the inner most layer of the hepatitis B virus). ... "In vivo inhibition of anti-hepatitis B virus core antigen (HBcAg) immunoglobulin G production by HBcAg-specific CD4(+) Th1-type ...
"Stimulation of RNA polymerase II elongation by hepatitis delta antigen". Science. 293 (5527): 124-7. doi:10.1126/science. ...
The coating, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), is not infectious; however, HBsAG can provoke an immune response. In order to ... Donald G. McNeil, Jr., April 26, 2012, Irving Millman Dies at 88; Worked to Stop Hepatitis B, The New York Times. His Hepatitis ... Millman's work with Baruch Blumberg helped lead to the creation of a test to detect hepatitis B. The test allowed blood banks ... helped develop hepatitis B vaccine". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. ISSN 0190-8286. OCLC 1330888409. v t e (Articles ...
The appearance is classically associated with abundant hepatitis B antigen in the endoplasmic reticulum, but may also be drug- ... Hadziyannis, S; Gerber, MA; Vissoulis, C; Popper, H (Nov 1973). "Cytoplasmic hepatitis B antigen in "ground-glass" hepatocytes ... In the context of hepatitis B, GGHs are only seen in chronic infections, i.e. they are not seen in acute hepatitis B. GGHs were ... Chronic hepatitis - pathconsultddx.com. v t e (Histopathology, All stub articles, Pathology stubs). ...
Kumar GB, Ganapathi TR, Revathi CJ, Srinivas L, Bapat VA (October 2005). "Expression of hepatitis B surface antigen in ... Dendritic cell vaccines combine dendritic cells with antigens to present the antigens to the body's white blood cells, thus ... such as the hepatitis B surface antigen). They can generate TH and antibody responses, but not killer T cell responses.[ ... This presents the antigen in such a way as to produce a greater action than the simple aqueous tetanus toxoid. People who have ...
Hepatitis Weekly, Autoimmune Diseases, "Cytotoxic Antigen Induces Hypophysitis in Cancer Patients," 2006-1-9; see also, Weston ... "Cancer regression and autoimmunity induced by cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 blockade in patients with metastatic ...
"Fibronectin and asialoglyprotein receptor mediate hepatitis B surface antigen binding to the cell surface". Arch. Virol. 155 (6 ... The asialoglycoprotein receptor may facilitate hepatic infection by multiple viruses including hepatitis B, and is also a ... "Asialoglycoprotein receptor interacts with the preS1 domain of hepatitis B virus in vivo and in vitro". Arch. Virol. 156 (4): ...
"Identification of target antigen for SLA/LP autoantibodies in autoimmune hepatitis". Lancet. 355 (9214): 1510-5. doi:10.1016/ ... "Entrez Gene: SLA/LP soluble liver antigen/liver pancreas antigen". Herkel J, Heidrich B, Nieraad N, Wies I, Rother M, Lohse AW ... Volkmann M, Martin L, Bäurle A, Heid H, Strassburg CP, Trautwein C, Fiehn W, Manns MP (2001). "Soluble liver antigen: isolation ... SECp43 and soluble liver antigen, in the selenoprotein synthesis machinery". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (50): 41568-75. doi:10.1074/jbc ...
West, D. J.; Calandra, G. B. (1996). "Vaccine induced immunologic memory for hepatitis B surface antigen: implications for ...
... certain antigens present during hepatitis can accumulate in the kidneys and damage them. Sjögren's syndrome: this autoimmune ... HIV: the virus's antigens provoke an obstruction in the glomerular capillary's lumen that alters normal kidney function. ... Syphilis: kidney damage can occur during the secondary stage of this disease (between 2 and 8 weeks from onset). Hepatitis B: ... Liver failure caused by cirrhosis, hepatitis and other conditions such as alcoholism, IV drug use or some hereditary diseases ...
"Australian Product Information - Vivaxim (Salmonella typhi Vi polysaccharide and hepatitis A virus antigen) Vaccine" (PDF). ... Hepatitis A and typhoid vaccine is a combination vaccine to protect against the infectious diseases hepatitis A and typhoid. It ... Hepatitis vaccines, Combination vaccines, Hepatitis A, Typhoid fever, GSK plc brands, Sanofi, All stub articles, Vaccine stubs) ... Active substance(s): hepatitis a (inactivated) / typhoid polysaccharide vaccine (adsorbed) (PDF) (Report). European Medicines ...
December 1993). "Human leukocyte antigen A1-B8-DR3-DQ2-DPB1*0401 extended haplotype in autoimmune hepatitis". Hepatology. 18 (6 ... September 2006). "Genetic association of autoimmune hepatitis and human leucocyte antigen in German patients". World J. ... human leukocyte antigens DR4 and A1-B8-DR3 are independent risk factors". Hepatology. 13 (4): 701-6. doi:10.1002/hep.1840130415 ... "HLA-C genes and susceptibility to type 1 autoimmune hepatitis". Hepatology. 26 (4): 1023-6. doi:10.1002/hep.510260434. PMID ...
Hraber P, Kuiken C, Yusim K (December 2007). "Evidence for human leukocyte antigen heterozygote advantage against hepatitis C ... doi:10.1002/hep.21889. PMID 17935228. Rikowski A, Grammer K (May 1999). "Human body odour, symmetry and attractiveness". Proc. ...
"Suppression of La antigen exerts potential antiviral effects against hepatitis A virus". PLOS ONE. 9 (7): e101993. Bibcode: ... Page for Hepatitis A virus internal ribosome entry site (IRES) at Rfam (GO template errors, Cis-regulatory RNA elements, ... HAV IRES is a 450 nucleotide long sequence located in the 735 nt long 5' UTR (untranslated region) of Hepatitis A viral RNA ... Glass MJ, Jia XY, Summers DF (April 1993). "Identification of the hepatitis A virus internal ribosome entry site: in vivo and ...
... but hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) is absent. The X gene codes for HBxAg. The product of the X gene is hepatitis B x antigen ( ... A precore mutant is a variety of hepatitis B virus that does not produce hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBeAg). These mutants are ... doi:10.1002/hep.25636. PMID 22307831. Cleveland Clinic CME hepatitis B Retrieved 15 March 2013 Tacke F, Gehrke C, Luedde T, ... core promoter mutants limits the probability of response to peginterferon in hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B ...
"An evaluation of low voltage counterimmuno-electrophoresis for the detection of hepatitis-B antigen (HB Ag)". Journal of ... In 1971, the company launched Hapindex Diagnostic Test, a rapid Hepatitis B test for blood donors. The test was developed to ... prevent the spread of Hepatitis B through blood transfusions. In 1973, Richard Sellars became Chairman and CEO of Johnson & ...
... (also known as the Australia antigen) is the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Its presence in blood ... Today, these antigen-proteins can be genetically manufactured (e.g. transgene E. coli) to produce material for a simple antigen ... "Positive hepatitis B surface antigen tests due to recent vaccination: a persistent problem". BMC Clinical Pathology. 12 (1): 15 ... The viral envelope of an enveloped virus has different surface proteins from the rest of the virus which act as antigens. These ...
Walewski JL, Keller TR, Stump DD, Branch AD (2001). "Evidence for a new hepatitis C virus antigen encoded in an overlapping ... The hepatitis C virus is the cause of hepatitis C and some cancers such as liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma, abbreviated ... doi:10.1002/hep.20819. PMID 16149085. S2CID 21393716. Yu ML, Chuang WL (2009). "Treatment of chronic hepatitis C in Asia: when ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hepatitis C virus. Wikispecies has information related to Hepatitis C virus. Academic ...
Immunologic properties of Human Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen mimotopes displayed on filamentous phage". The Journal of ... 2002). "The human scavenger receptor class B type I is a novel candidate receptor for the hepatitis C virus". The EMBO Journal ... 2004). "Discovery of alpha,gamma-diketo acids as potent selective and reversible inhibitors of hepatitis C virus NS5b RNA- ... 1996). "Identification and properties of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of hepatitis C virus". The EMBO Journal. 15 (1): 12- ...
Inactivated hepatitis A virus produced in MRC-5 cells. An adult dose contains 50 U of antigen adsorbed onto 0.45 mg of ... Hepatitis A and B vaccine is a vaccine against hepatitis A and hepatitis B. Hepatitis A and typhoid vaccine is a vaccine ... Inactivated hepatitis A virus produced in MRC-5 cells. Each adult dose contains 1440 ELISA units of viral antigen adsorbed on ... Inactivated hepatitis A virus produced in MRC-5 cells. Each dose contains 160 U of antigen adsorbed on aluminium hydroxide (0.3 ...
... there is cross-reactivity between influenza virus-specific CD8+ T cells and hepatitis C virus antigens. Cross reactivity may ... In immunology, cross-reactivity has a more narrow meaning of the reaction between an antibody and an antigen that differs from ... There can be cross-reactivity between the immune system and the antigens of two different pathogens, or between one pathogen ... For example, the tetanus toxin is a single protein macromolecular antigen but will stimulate many immune responses due to the ...
"Chronic liver disease and primary liver-cell cancer with hepatitis-associated (Australia) antigen in serum". Lancet. 1 (7659): ... In this post she worked on hepatitis, which she was able to continue from 1943 to 1947 with funding from the Medical Research ... Davidson, C. S. (1969). "Discussions of the paper by Sheila Sherlock: "The treatment of hepatitis"". Bulletin of the New York ... Eisenmenger, W. (1969). "Discussions of the paper by Sheila Sherlock: "The treatment of hepatitis"". Bulletin of the New York ...
"HLA antigens in Japanese patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune hepatitis". Digestion. 26 (4): 213-7. doi: ... HLA-DR2 (DR2) of the HLA-DR serotype system, is a broad antigen serotype that is now preferentially covered by HLA-DR15 and HLA ... Tissue Antigens. 69 Suppl 1: 228-30. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.77311.x. PMID 17445206. Asakura H, Tsuchiya M, Aiso S, ... primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune hepatitis. DR2 is also found in all patients that test positive for anti-anti-Asn-RNA- ...
"Hepatitis B small surface antigen particles are octahedral". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United ... Cited in PMC Wieland, S. F.; Chisari, F. V. (2005). "Stealth and cunning: Hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses". Journal of ... known for his research on virus-host interactions of hepatitis B and hepatitis C. Chisari graduated in 1963 with a bachelor's ... "Contributions of transgenic mouse studies on the research of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus-induced ...
Petersen NJ, Barrett DH, Bond WW, Berquist KR, Favero MS, Bender TR, Maynard JE (1976). "Hepatitis B surface antigen in saliva ... 44 (3): 521-6. doi:10.1002/hep.21347. PMID 16941687. WHO , Hepatitis B FAQ about Hepatitis B Archived 2009-02-09 at the Wayback ... The 2009 Gujarat hepatitis B outbreak was a cluster of hepatitis B cases that appeared in Modasa, northern Gujarat, India in ... "Doctors held over hepatitis deaths". Press Association. 2009-02-22. Retrieved 2009-02-22. "Hepatitis outbreak: 2 doctors booked ...
Patients with chronic hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus infection who harbor a HSPA1B-1267 single nucleotide polymorphism have a ... Gupta N, Jagadish N, Surolia A, Suri A (2017). "Heat shock protein 70-2 (HSP70-2) a novel cancer testis antigen that promotes ...
Both hepatitis B and hepatitis C are treated with IFN-α, often in combination with other antiviral drugs. Some of those treated ... and EBV nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA-2) from Epstein-Barr virus, the large T antigen of Polyomavirus, the E7 protein of Human ... Overall, IFN-α can be used to treat hepatitis B and C infections, while IFN-β can be used to treat multiple sclerosis. ... The most harmful strain-hepatitis C genotype I virus-can be treated with a 60-80% success rate with the current standard-of- ...
... is a chimeric monoclonal antibody targeted against CD20 which is a surface antigen present on B cells. Therefore, it ... Severe side effects include reactivation of hepatitis B in those previously infected, progressive multifocal ... as pathogenic B cells while sparing plasma cells and hematopoietic stem cells as they do not express the CD20 surface antigen. ...
All patients also suffered from hepatitis. Following outbreaks of aflatoxin contamination in maize reaching 4,400 ppb in the ... Impairment of the cell-mediated response to vaccine antigen and modulation of cytokine expression". Toxicology and Applied ... Prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma in individuals exposed to aflatoxin, increases with co-infection of hepatitis B virus. ... Ngindu Augustine (1982). "Outbreak of Acute Hepatitis Caused by Aflatoxin Poisoning in Kenya". The Lancet. 319 (8285): 1346- ...
Research on retroviruses led to the development of a vaccine for hepatitis B, which has led to major decreases in rates of ... where he showed a correlation between a spike in cases and the preparation of antigens in yolk sacs, and he prepared another ...
As of 2017[update], the drug had not been tested in people with active infections (including any HIV, hepatitis B or hepatitis ... in microsatellite instability allowing the tumor to generate numerous mutant proteins that could serve as tumor antigens, ...
At Monash, he established the microbiology curriculum for medical students while researching Mycoplasma antigens and hepatitis ... Shortly after he arrived in Edinburgh, he was involved in investigating an outbreak of hepatitis B in the local dialysis unit; ... he discovered that the high mortality was due to concurrent hepatitis C infection. This investigation laid the groundwork for ...
April 2010). "New genetic associations detected in a host response study to hepatitis B vaccine". Genes and Immunity. 11 (3): ... It may also function in antigen presentation[citation needed]. Alternative splicing occurs at this locus and two transcript ... It may also function in antigen presentation. Alternative splicing generates multiple transcript variants encoding distinct ... "Enhanced ADCC activity of affinity maturated and Fc-engineered mini-antibodies directed against the AML stem cell antigen CD96 ...
A potential pathway for CD8+ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity in oral LP is described as follows: Antigens presented on MHC 1 ... Hepatitis C virus-associated diseases, Lichenoid eruptions, Oral mucosal pathology). ... An immune-mediated mechanism where basal keratinocytes are being targeted as foreign antigens by activated T cells, especially ... Autoimmune response to epithelial self-antigens remains a possibility. A single study of cutaneous LP reported evidence in ...
doi:10.1002/hep.20195. PMID 15122770. Mundt, A; Puhl, G; Müller, A; Sauer, I; Müller, C; Richard, R; Fotopoulou, C; Doll, R; ... of antibodies to supermacroporous cryogel adsorbents with immobilized protein A for removal of anthrax toxin protective antigen ... doi:10.1002/hep.20562. PMID 15690476. Sauer IM, Goetz M, Steffen I, et al. (May 2004). "In vitro comparison of the molecular ... doi:10.1002/hep.21930. PMID 17975845. Kramer, L; Gendo, A; Madl, C; Mullen, KD; Kaminski-Russ, K; Sunder-Plassmann, G; Schaffer ...
Consistent with patterns found in the tropics, a 1974 study investigating hepatitis B prevalence found that 12% of the Turkana ... people in Lokori tested positive for the HB ag antigen. Lokitaung Kalokol Western, David (1974). "The distribution, density and ... Mutanda, Labius; Mufson, Maurice (1974). "Hepatitis B Antigenemia in Remote Tribes of Northern Kenya, Northern Liberia, and ...
Hepatitis B (not C) virus tests positive (for surface antigen or antibody) Arteriogram (angiogram) showing the arteries that ... PAN is sometimes associated with infection by the hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus. The condition may be present in infants. ... Infection with the hepatitis C virus and HIV are occasionally discovered in people affected by PAN. PAN has also been ... When present, underlying hepatitis B virus infection should be immediately treated. In some cases, methotrexate or leflunomide ...
Antigen receptors on CTL can bind to a 9-10 amino acid chain that is presented by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) as ... doi:10.1002/hep.25787. PMID 22504828. S2CID 25965027. Harris SE, Martin-Ruiz C, von Zglinicki T, Starr JM, Deary IJ (July 2012 ... Humans have two major antigen identifying lymphocytes: CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) and CD4+ helper T-lymphocytes that ... Patel KP, Vonderheide RH (June 2004). "Telomerase as a tumor-associated antigen for cancer immunotherapy". Cytotechnology. 45 ( ...
"Alkaline phosphatase: Liver Function Test - Viral Hepatitis". www.hepatitis.va.gov. Retrieved 2016-05-02. Delmas PD (December ... along with prostate specific antigen) during, and after six months of hormone treated metastatic prostate cancer was shown to ... Some diseases do not affect the levels of alkaline phosphatase, for example, hepatitis C. A high level of this enzyme does not ... its concentration in the bloodstream is used by diagnosticians as a biomarker in helping determine diagnoses such as hepatitis ...
... with PEL that is associated with cirrosis due to hepatitis evidence positive serum tests for the hepatitis virus B antigen ( ... HBsAg) or one of the various tests for hepatitis C antigen. Extracavitary PEL is diagnosed based on findings that their mass ... hepatitis complicated by cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B or C viral infection, or of old age. PEL occurring in the elderly ... the presence of hepatitis C virus infection. Type II PEL also tends to involve malignant plasmablasts, anaplastic cells, and/or ...
... helper dependent ssRNA virus because it requires Hepatitis B virus (HBV) to provide HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) for the ... Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is an example of a replication defective, ...
... often fatal hepatitis), and Norwalk group of viruses (gastroenteritis). Caliciviruses naturally infect vertebrates, and have ... a process that involves looking directly at antibody-antigen complexes. The classification of this one Norwalk virus strain ...
Indeed, a vaccine that provides accessible antigens in the absence of these other proteins may allow us to control the response ... Dubious claims about vaccines against hepatitis B, HPV and other diseases have been propagated based on misuse of data from ... A study published in 2013 found no correlation between autism and the antigen number in the vaccines the children were ... Elwood, JM; Ameratunga, R (September 2018). "Autoimmune diseases after hepatitis B immunization in adults: Literature review ...
1990 Oct;47(10):1134-7. Zammarchi E, Donati MA, Filippi L, Resti M: Cryptogenic hepatitis masking the diagnosis of ornithine ... Homocitrulline has been suggested as a confounding antigen for rheumatoid arthritis antibodies targeting citrullinated proteins ...
... some tests measure the level of HIV antibodies in the blood and/or saliva or the level of both HIV antigens and antibodies in ... For an individual to be diagnosed with HCV, they must first take the hepatitis C antibody (HCV Ab) screening test. This test is ... Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) co-infection is a multi-faceted, chronic condition that ... and passage of the Hepatitis C virus from mother to infant during childbirth. Infection with HCV can be asymptomatic, resolve ...
Other causes of DPGN are endocarditis, Hepatitis B, and Hepatis C.[citation needed] The etiology plays a role in the specific ... Usually the deposition of immune-complexes (antigen-antibody complex) that activates the complement system are involved. The ...
He is a specialist in HIV vaccine design and the sequence evolution and diversity of HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV). More ... including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapy and gene editing approaches capable of protecting against HIV ... His laboratory at the Ragon Institute is focused on identifying protective immunity to HIV and Hepatitis C virus (HCV). He is a ...
His areas of research while in Washington included serologic testing methods and hepatitis screening. He was a clinical ... Greenwalt, T.J. (2005). "Antibodies, antigens, and anticoagulants: a historical review of a lifetime in transfusion medicine- ...
At least 90% of cases having cryoglobulins in body, hepatitis C is to blame, reflecting the importance of preclusion of ... D-L antibodies, typically IgG, are characterized by targeting against red blood cells' on-surface antigens called "P". The ... Cold agglutinins are antibodies, typically immunoglobulin M (IgM), that are acquainted with and then binding the antigens on ... Donath-Landsteiner antibodies share similarities with cold agglutinin disease in recognition and connection of the antigens on ...
doi:10.1002/hep.24748. PMID 22006563. S2CID 39002609. Hirschfield GM, Liu X, Xu C, Lu Y, Xie G, Lu Y, et al. (June 2009). " ... The monoclonal antibody Rituximab targets the CD20 antigen on the B cells, and is already used in a wide array of other ... doi:10.1002/hep.28932. PMID 27906472. S2CID 20776738. Assis DN, Abdelghany O, Cai SY, Gossard AA, Eaton JE, Keach JC, et al. ( ... doi:10.1002/hep.21480. PMID 17187426. S2CID 206643. Guglielmi FW, Regano N, Mazzuoli S, Fregnan S, Leogrande G, Guglielmi A, et ...
Assessment of IgM antibodies to viral capsid antigen (a rising titer) is indicated to confirm Epstein-Barr virus or ... "Hepatic splenosis mimicking HCC in a patient with hepatitis C liver cirrhosis and mildly raised alpha feto protein; the ...
doi:10.1002/hep.26029. PMID 22911555. S2CID 9787730. McManus S, Ebert A, Salvagiotto G, Medvedovic J, Sun Q, Tamir I, Jaritz M ... in a cytoskeleton-dependent signaling pathway initiated by ligation of integrin or antigen receptor on human B cells". J. Biol ... "Association of the Cas-like molecule HEF1 with CrkL following integrin and antigen receptor signaling in human B-cells: ...
As a target antigen for ELISA BVDV detection, NS3 is a multifunctional protein with serine protease activity, helicase activity ... "Palmitoylation of Hepatitis C Virus NS2 Regulates Its Subcellular Localization and NS2-NS3 Autocleavage". Journal of Virology. ... "Hepatitis C virus sequence divergence preserves p7 viroporin structural and dynamic features". Scientific Reports. 9 (1): 8383 ...
Hepatitis virica : informe de una reunión de la OMS [‎se reunió en Ginebra del 8 al 11 de octubre de 1974]‎  ... Reunion de la OMS sobre Hepatitis Virica (‎1974: Ginebra)‎; World Health Organization (‎Organización Mundial de la Salud, ... Viral hepatitis : report of a WHO meeting [‎held in Geneva from 8 to 11 October 1974]‎  ... WHO Meeting on Viral Hepatitis (‎1974: Geneva)‎; World Health Organization (‎World Health OrganizationWorld Health Organization ...
Identification and Management of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg)--Positive Persons. Persons with chronic hepatitis B virus ... obtain vaccination against hepatitis A if chronic liver disease is present (2). *When seeking medical or dental care, HBsAg- ... Prevention of hepatitis A through active or passive immunization: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization ... Hepatitis B virus transmission between children in day care. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1989;8:870--5. ...
Collaborative study to establish the first WHO international standard for detection of hepatitis C virus Core Antigen  ... Hepatitis C rapid diagnostic tests for professional use and/or self-testing  ...
LBDHBG - Hepatitis B surface antigen. Variable Name: LBDHBG SAS Label: Hepatitis B surface antigen. English Text: Hepatitis B ... LBDHD - Hepatitis D (anti-HDV). Variable Name: LBDHD SAS Label: Hepatitis D (anti-HDV). English Text: Hepatitis D (anti-HDV). ... Hepatitis B: Core Antibody, Surface Antigen; Hepatitis D Antibody (HEPBD_G) Data File: HEPBD_G.xpt First Published: September ... The Hepatitis B surface antigen is tested only when the Hepatitis B core antibody test is positive. Participant results are ...
Detecting Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Mutants On This Page Mechanism of HBV Mutant Generation Surface Antigen Structure Surface ... Carman W, van Deursen F, Mimms L, Hardie D, Coppola R, Decker R, The prevalence of surface antigen variants of hepatitis B ... Koyanagi T, Nakamuta M, Sakai H, Sugimoto R, Enjoji M, Koto K, Analysis of HBs antigen negative variant of hepatitis B virus: ... of hepatitis B surface antigen epitopes present on variants and specifically recognized by anti-hepatitis B surface antigen ...
"Australia antigen", later renamed HBsAg (for hepatitis B surface antigen), in patient blood [6]. HBeAg (hepatitis B e antigen) ... Milich D, Liang J. Exploring the biological basis of hepatitis B e antigen in hepatitis B virus infection. Hepatology. 2003 ;38 ... Antigenic determinants and functional domains in core antigen and e antigen from hepatitis B virus. J. Virol. 1989 ;63:798-808 ... Mutation preventing formation of the hepatitis B e antigen in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection. Lancet. 1989 ;2:588- ...
CEL-SCIs Cel-1000 Shown to Significantly Enhance Immune Response Against Hepatitis B Antigen in Animals - read this article ... CEL-SCIs Cel-1000 Shown to Significantly Enhance Immune Response Against Hepatitis B Antigen in Animals. Published: May 01, ... It also has application for antigen sparing (reducing the amount/dose of antigen) required for protective immunity, and ... CEL-SCI CORPORATION announces that CEL-1000 alone increased the immune response against hepatitis B antigen, and that the ...
... physician-initiated compassionate use of VBIs 3-antigen hepatitis B vaccine in four adults chronically infected with hepatitis ... VBIs vaccine is the only 3-antigen hepatitis B vaccine, comprised of the three hepatitis B surface antigens of the hepatitis B ... About Hepatitis B. Hepatitis B is one of the worlds most significant infectious disease threats with more than 290 million ... VBI Vaccines Announces Presentation of Physician-Initiated Compassionate Use Data of its 3-Antigen Hepatitis B Vaccine at the ...
If you wish to reuse any or all of this article please use the link below which will take you to the Copyright Clearance Centers RightsLink service. You will be able to get a quick price and instant permission to reuse the content in many different ways.. ...
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Occurrence of e antigen in acute hepatitis B. Message subject: (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from Journal of Clinical ...
Serum level of anti-hepatitis B surface antigen 10-12 years after hepatitis B vaccine at birth. Eastern Mediterranean Health ... Combined hepatitis B vaccines. Proceedings of the Viral Hepatitis Prevention Board meeting. St Julians, Malta, Viral Hepatitis ... Serum levels of hepatitis B surface antigen were determined in 277 randomly selected children aged 1-12 years. The response to ... Tissue Antigens, 1998, 51:593-604.. *Ramezani A et al. Is Any factor influence on hepatitis B vaccination response in ...
Detection of hepatitis B surface antigen and transforming growth factor alpha in oval cells of nontumorous liver in patients ... Expression of hepatitis B surface and core antigens and transforming growth factor-alpha in oval cells of the liver in ... Co expression of transforming growth factor alpha and hepatitis b surface antigen in the same hepatocytes of human liver tissue ... Relationship of hepatitis B surface antigen to serum alpha-fetoprotein in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic ...
Youre reviewing:Hepatitis B Core Antigen (HBcAg) Antibody. Your Rating. 1 star 2 stars 3 stars 4 stars 5 stars ...
Recombinant Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) pre-S2 (,95%, 55-aa, ~4. 7kda). ... Hepatitis B Vaccine, Sci-B Reagents and ELISA kits *Recombinant Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) pre-S2 (>95%, 55-aa, ~4. ... Recombinant Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) pre-S2 (>95%, 55-aa, ~4. 7kda). Antigen. Purified Protein. ... Recombinant (E.Coli) Hepatitis B Surface Antigen pre-S1 (HBsAg) (119-aa, >95%, ~13 kda) ...
Understanding early serum hepatitis D virus and hepatitis B surface antigen kinetics during pegylated interferon-alpha therapy ... Understanding early serum hepatitis D virus and hepatitis B surface antigen kinetics during pegylated interferon-alpha therapy ... Understanding early serum hepatitis D virus and hepatitis B surface antigen kinetics during pegylated interferon-alpha therapy ... Understanding early serum hepatitis D virus and hepatitis B surface antigen kinetics during pegylated interferon-alpha therapy ...
Dive into the research topics of A recombinant measles virus expressing hepatitis B virus surface antigen induces humoral ... A recombinant measles virus expressing hepatitis B virus surface antigen induces humoral immune responses in genetically ...
... Dig Dis Sci. ... Aim: We aimed to study role of FMT in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive CHB patients in terms of its effect on HBeAg, ... Background: Intestinal flora plays a critical role in immunity against hepatitis B virus (HBV). Fecal Microbiota ... Transplantation (FMT) may be a potential immunomodulatory therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). ...
Hepatitis B Antibodies Hepatitis B Surface Antigens Humans Institutionalization Intellectual Disability Liver Function Tests ... Hepatitis-B surface antigen and antibody: prevalence and persistence in institutionalized and noninstitutionalized persons.. ... A total of 426 persons were studied in an attempt to more clearly define the high prevalence of hepatitis-B surface antigen ( ... Hepatitis-B surface antigen and antibody: prevalence and persistence in institutionalized and noninstitutionalized persons. ...
... infection is characterised by the persistence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Expanding HBV diagnosis and treatment ... accuracy of available diagnostic tests to detect HBsAg to inform recommendations on testing strategies in 2017 WHO hepatitis ... Hepatitis B virus surface antigen and anti-hepatitis C virus rapid tests underestimate hepatitis prevalence among HIV-infected ... Evaluation of a new rapid test for the combined detection of hepatitis B virus surface antigen and hepatitis B virus e antigen ...
Subtypes of hepatitis B antigen. Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 1974 Jul; 41(318): 261-2. ...
Viral hepatitis : report of a WHO meeting [held in Geneva from 8 to 11 October 1974] by WHO Meeting on Viral Hepatitis (1974: ... Hepatitis virica : informe de una reunion de la OMS [se reunio en Ginebra del 8 al 11 de octubre de 1974] by Reunion de la ... OMS sobre Hepatitis Virica (1974: Ginebra) , World Health Organization.. Series: Organizacion Mundial de la Salud. Serie de ...
T1 - A delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin reaction to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and intradermal hepatitis B ... title = "A delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin reaction to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and intradermal hepatitis B ... A delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin reaction to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and intradermal hepatitis B ... A delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin reaction to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and intradermal hepatitis B ...
... test is an additional test to determine whether the chronic hepatitis B infection is active or inactive. ... What is Hepatitis B Envelope Antigen (HBeAg) Test ?. Hepatitis B Envelope Antigen (HBeAg) test is an additional test to ... Hepatitis B Envelope Antigen can be first detected at the initial phase of hepatitis B viral infection, soon after the ... appearance of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg). The levels of both these antigens rise rapidly during the viral replication ...
The basic blood test for hepatitis B consists of three screening tests: a hepatitis B surface antigen test, which determines ... WCMS provides antigen testing that determines the presence of the Hepatitis B antigen in your body. For more information, read ... The screening test for hepatitis B surface antigens detects the presence of HBV in the blood. The antigens are detectable 4-10 ... Most adults who acquire HBV clear the virus within a few months, and their hepatitis B surface antigen test result will be ...
Assay is a qualitative enzyme immunoassay for the detection of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) in human serum and plasma.. ... Assay is a chemiluminescent immunoassay for the qualitative detection of hepatitis B surface antigen in human serum and plasma. ...
TextPublication details: Geneva : World Health Organization, 1985. Description: 6 pSubject(s): Hepatitis B surface antigens , ... Proposed international reference preparation for hepatitis B surface antigen / by Morag Ferguson, Valerie Seagroatt and G. C. ...
TextPublication details: Geneva : World Health Organization, 1985. Description: 6 pSubject(s): Hepatitis B surface antigens , ... Proposed international reference preparation for hepatitis B surface antigen / by Morag Ferguson, Valerie Seagroatt and G. C. ...
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Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Test. A hepatitis B surface antigen test shows if youre contagious. A positive result means you ... What Is Hepatitis B. Hepatitis B is a serious liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus . For some people, hepatitis B ... What Does Hepatitis B Envelope Antigen Mean. HbsAg Test , What is Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ... Does Hepatitis B Show Up In Routine Blood Tests. Hepatitis B Serology: Surface Antigen (HBsAg), Surface Antibody (anti-HBs), ...
  • Mutations that occur within the immunodominant epitopes of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) allow mutant virus to propagate in the presence of a neutralizing immune response, while wild-type virus is reduced to undetectable levels. (cdc.gov)
  • An understanding of immunoassay reactivity with HBsAg mutants is key to establishing an appropriate testing algorithm for hepatitis B virus detection programs. (cdc.gov)
  • This article addresses recent information concerning the emergence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) mutants, their impact on viral antigen presentation, latest prevalence data, and discussion of the issues associated with detection of mutants in healthcare settings. (cdc.gov)
  • The virus was first discovered as "Australia antigen", later renamed HBsAg (for hepatitis B surface antigen), in patient blood [ 6 ]. (medsci.org)
  • Hepatitis B patients also contain circulating antibodies against HBcAg (hepatitis B core antigen), and will develop antibodies against HBeAg and HBsAg (anti-HBe and anti-HBs) at later stages of infection. (medsci.org)
  • Recombinant Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) pre-S2 (>95%, 55-aa, ~4. (4adi.com)
  • There is little information on the early kinetics of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) during interferon-α therapy. (elsevier.com)
  • We aimed to study role of FMT in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive CHB patients in terms of its effect on HBeAg, HBsAg, and HBV DNA. (nih.gov)
  • Chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection is characterised by the persistence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The purpose of this review is to assess the clinical accuracy of available diagnostic tests to detect HBsAg to inform recommendations on testing strategies in 2017 WHO hepatitis testing guidelines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Chronic HBV infection is defined as persistence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBSAg) for at least six months, and the testing strategy involves an initial serological test to detect HBsAg followed by nucleic-acid amplification test (NAT) for detection of HBV DNA viral load to help guide treatment decisions [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin reaction to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and intradermal hepatitis B vaccination. (elsevier.com)
  • The significance of a delayed type hypersensitivity skin reaction to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) (HBs-DTH) in type B viral hepatitis (VHB) and in intradermal hepatitis B (HB) vaccination is reviewed. (elsevier.com)
  • Hepatitis B Envelope Antigen can be first detected at the initial phase of hepatitis B viral infection , soon after the appearance of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg). (thyrocare.com)
  • Hepatitis B vaccine is made with the antigen HBsAg. (ganeshdiagnostic.com)
  • This means that the best diagnostic tests for acute hepatitis B infection would be to look for both HBsAg and anti-HBc IgM. (ganeshdiagnostic.com)
  • An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor has been prepared using an immunofunctionalized zirconium (Zr)-based metal-organic framework (MOF) with gold (Au) decoration [email protected](NH2) composite-coated glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the determination of infectious hepatitis B surface antigen ( HBsAg ). (bvsalud.org)
  • The HBsAg electrochemical immunosensing assay had good selectivity and excellent reproducibility, thereby indicating its significant potential in the super-fast diagnosis of hepatitis B . (bvsalud.org)
  • Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was employed as a model protein biomarker to demonstrate the analytical performance of the sensor in this study. (cdc.gov)
  • To assess infection status, blood samples were obtained for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), core antibody, and surface antibody testing. (cdc.gov)
  • HBV carriage status was determined by the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). (envirobiotechjournals.com)
  • Repeated reactive samples were confirmed by Enzyme linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA) kit (Span Diagnostic Ltd, India).Maternal HBV infectivity status was determined by testing all HBsAg positive samples for the presence of hepatitis Be Ag. (envirobiotechjournals.com)
  • In these investigations, a case of acute HBV infection was defined as seroconversion from hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative to HBsAg-positive in a hemodialysis patient during the exposure period defined in each investigation. (cdc.gov)
  • A susceptible patient was defined as a hemodialysis patient who was negative for HBsAg, antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs), and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc). (cdc.gov)
  • Besides the levels of serum HBV DNA and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) quantification is an emerging serological marker for viral replication. (e-cmh.org)
  • Unlike HBV DNA and HBsAg, HBcrAg is a covalently closed circular DNA-derived protein marker, consisting of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), p22cr, and hepatitis B core antigen. (e-cmh.org)
  • Recent data estimated that more than 257 million individuals worldwide are positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) [ 1 ]. (e-cmh.org)
  • So far, there are several serum quantitative markers for viral replication, including HBV DNA, HBsAg, and hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg). (e-cmh.org)
  • BUY Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg) Aluminium hydroxide gel (Bevac) 1 ml by Biological E limited at best price available. (gnhindia.com)
  • GNH India is WHO GDP and ISO 9001 2015 Certified Pharmaceutical Wholesaler/ Supplier/ Exporters/ Importer from India of Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg) Aluminium hydroxide gel (Bevac) which is also known as Bevac and Manufactured by Biological E limited . (gnhindia.com)
  • Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg) Aluminium hydroxide gel (Bevac) is supplied for Tenders/ Emergency imports/ Un - licensed, Specials, Orphan drug/ Name patient line/ RLD supplies/ Reference listed drugs/ Comparator Drug/ Bio-Similar/ Innovator samples For Clinical trials. (gnhindia.com)
  • Description: CD anti-HBs ELISA (Quantitative) kit is an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for in vitro quantitative determination of antibodies to hepatitis B virus surface antigen (anti-HBs) in human serum or plasma for clinical purposes and assessing antibody response levels to HBsAg-vaccine. (gentaurtop.com)
  • Infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers should receive hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine within 12 hours of birth, followed by the second and third doses of vaccine at 1 and 6 months of age, respectively. (cdc.gov)
  • The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among the general population and the risk factors associated with HBV infection in Anhui province, China. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The 2010 targets of the China Hepatitis B Prevention Programme were a prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) less than 1.0% for children less than five years old and less than 6.0% for the total population. (who.int)
  • However, given the limited effect on covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), NA therapy rarely leads to a functional cure (defined as hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] loss with undetectable HBV DNA)[1-3]. (researchsquare.com)
  • Several HBV biomarkers, including HBV DNA, HBsAg titer, and hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg), have been used to monitor HBV chronic infection and antiviral therapy[6-10]. (researchsquare.com)
  • The core promoter mutants express less HBe antigen (HBeAg) through transcriptional down regulation, while precore mutants express truncated products. (medsci.org)
  • HBeAg (hepatitis B e antigen) was identified several years later as a marker for patients at high risk for transmission of the disease [ 20 ]. (medsci.org)
  • Molecular cloning and sequencing of the HBV genome led to the redefinition of the three HBV antigens as viral gene products endowed with specific functions in viral life cycle [for an in-depth review on the molecular biology of HBV, see ref. 13].The HBcAg and HBeAg are alternative translation products of the core gene, with HBeAg translation requiring an upstream precore region ATG codon (Fig. 2 ). (medsci.org)
  • Hepatitis B Envelope Antigen (HBeAg) test is an additional test to determine whether the chronic hepatitis B infection is active or inactive. (thyrocare.com)
  • The presence of HBeAg correlates with the increased number of Hepatitis B viruses in the blood. (thyrocare.com)
  • Methods: This retrospective post hoc analysis included nucleoside/nucleotide-naive, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive patients receiving entecavir (0.5 mg daily) in ETV-022 who had samples available for qHBsAg analysis through week 48. (eur.nl)
  • The study objective was to determine the sero-prevalence of HBs antigen (Ag) and HBeAg among pregnant women in the Ho municipality. (publichealthinafrica.org)
  • HBV has developed numerous mechanisms to escape these responses, including the production of the secreted hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), which has been shown to regulate antiviral toll-like receptor (TLR) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) signaling. (elsevier.com)
  • Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) is an important serological marker of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and is associated with higher levels of viremia, increased risk of infectivity to others and increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. (ghapp.org)
  • We analyzed HBeAg status in a large cohort of adults and children enrolled in Cohort Studies of the Hepatitis B Research Network, long-term natural history studies of chronic HBV infection. (ghapp.org)
  • Serum HBV RNA level has the potential to monitor antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B. This study aimed to explore serum HBV RNA dynamic change pattern and its predict value on the efficacy of 96 weeks nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) treatment in HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). (researchsquare.com)
  • In this work, we aimed to determine the early kinetics of serum HBV RNA in HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative patients and evaluate the performance of early-stage serum HBV RNA for monitoring NA therapy patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). (researchsquare.com)
  • Unvaccinated sex partners and household and needle-sharing contacts should be tested for susceptibility to HBV infection (see Appendix A, Prevaccination Serologic Testing for Susceptibility) and should receive the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine immediately after collection of blood for serologic testing. (cdc.gov)
  • VBI's vaccine is the only 3-antigen hepatitis B vaccine, comprised of the three hepatitis B surface antigens of the hepatitis B virus - S, pre-S1, and pre-S2. (yahoo.com)
  • This is because these antigens are not in the vaccine. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
  • The FDA approved the first three-antigen hepatitis B vaccine (PreHevbrio) to prevent infection from all known subtypes in adults, VBI Vaccines announced on Wednesday . (medpagetoday.com)
  • Approval for the recombinant vaccine -- which contains the S, pre-S1, and pre-S2 hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigens -- was based on data from two phase III trials that compared the safety and immunogenicity against the single-antigen Engerix-B vaccine. (medpagetoday.com)
  • As we work to implement the ACIP's new universal hepatitis B vaccine recommendation for all adults ages 19-59, as voted on in November, we benefit from having more tools, including this newly approved three-antigen hepatitis B vaccine," said Chari Cohen, DrPH, MPH, of the Hepatitis B Foundation, in a statement from VBI Vaccines's announcement. (medpagetoday.com)
  • Having more vaccine options will help us effectively expand vaccine uptake, ensure more people are protected from hepatitis B infection, and reach the 2030 goal of eliminating hepatitis B in the U.S.," she added. (medpagetoday.com)
  • Common adverse events with the three-antigen vaccine include injection site pain and tenderness, as well as systemic reactions such as fatigue, headache, and myalgia, "all which generally resolved without intervention in 1-2 days," VBI Vaccines stated. (medpagetoday.com)
  • There is a safe and effective hepatitis B vaccine that helps a person build immunity against HBV infection. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Learn more about hepatitis B, including what it means to have immunity and how the hepatitis B vaccine can provide immunity to some people. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The hepatitis B vaccine is a safe and effective way of helping to prevent hepatitis B infection. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • People exposed to the virus may also receive the hepatitis B vaccine within 24 hours, which can prevent infection in some cases. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • If adults did not receive hepatitis B vaccination at birth, the schedule consists of two, three, or four doses depending on their health and the vaccine type. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Learn more about the hepatitis B vaccine schedule here. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The hepatitis B vaccine is safe and well-studied. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • In some rare cases, an individual may experience a severe allergic reaction to the hepatitis B vaccine. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Learn more about the safety considerations and side effects of the hepatitis B vaccine. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • According to the Hepatitis B Foundation , if someone has HBV, their newborn must immediately receive the first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) within 12 hours of birth. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Pregnant people unsure of their vaccination status can safely receive the hepatitis B vaccine during pregnancy and breastfeeding or chestfeeding. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a global challenge, although there is currently a safe and effective vaccine available. (publichealthinafrica.org)
  • This vaccine is used for active immunization against Hepatitis B. (gnhindia.com)
  • Hepatitis A infection is a vaccine-preventable illness. (cdc.gov)
  • The best way to prevent hepatitis A infection is through vaccination with the hepatitis A vaccine. (cdc.gov)
  • However, both CDC and vaccine manufacturers continue to closely monitor ongoing demand for adult hepatitis A vaccine in the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • In the current study, we investigated how adjuvant frozen in the absence of antigen affects vaccine immunogenicity and whether preventing damage to the freeze-sensitive recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen (rHBsAg) was sufficient for maintaining vaccine potency. (elsevier.com)
  • This data provides evidence that protecting a freeze-labile antigen from subzero exposure is insufficient to maintain vaccine potency. (elsevier.com)
  • The vaccine used to treat hepatitis A is completely different from the immune globulin (IG) that most of you receive after an outbreak. (healthwatchcenter.com)
  • This vaccine provides protection for very long period and is generally given before you are exposed to hepatitis A. Often it is suggested for people who are at risk for infection and if you want to obtain immunity to hepatitis A. After taking the first dose of the vaccine, the protection against hepatitis A begins. (healthwatchcenter.com)
  • Hepatitis A vaccine is safe for those who suffer from the condition. (healthwatchcenter.com)
  • This vaccine protects against hepatitis A for 25 years in adults and at least 14-20 years in children. (healthwatchcenter.com)
  • If you have any chronic health conditions or you are a pregnant woman , then you should consult your doctor before getting the hepatitis vaccine. (healthwatchcenter.com)
  • Doctor's advice is must for everyone who is taking hepatitis A vaccine. (healthwatchcenter.com)
  • Till now there is no cure discovered for chronic hepatitis C nor there is any approved vaccine for this virus. (healthwatchcenter.com)
  • In spite of a vaccine available in 1982, the hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a serious global public health problem. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Since 2000, there have been at least 728 deaths reported to VAERS associated with the hepatitis B vaccine. (raisinghealthychildren.net)
  • With no other data, it is clear that unless the mother was infected with hepatitis B at the time of delivery, children face a greater risk from the hepatitis B vaccine than they do from contracting and dying from hepatitis B itself. (raisinghealthychildren.net)
  • The problem with this calculation, however, is that we simply do not know the true number of deaths attributable to the hepatitis B vaccine due to our faulty reporting system. (raisinghealthychildren.net)
  • It should be noted that hepatitis B vaccine includes high levels of aluminum adjuvants . (raisinghealthychildren.net)
  • According to the China Children Immunization Programme, a child must be vaccinated with three doses of the hepatitis B vaccine before reaching 12 months of age. (who.int)
  • By 2010, Lianyungang had completed the catch-up immunization of hepatitis B vaccine for children less than 15 years old. (who.int)
  • hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) decreases effects of BCG vaccine live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. (medscape.com)
  • hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) decreases effects of measles (rubeola) vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. (medscape.com)
  • If a person who has been exposed to hepatitis B virus gets the hepatitis B vaccine and/or a shot called "HBIG" (hepatitis B immune globulin) within 24 hours, then hepatitis B infection may be prevented. (cdc.gov)
  • To identify the age of presentation for the birth dose vaccines, vaccine antigens received and factors associated with vaccination presentation by day one in Northern Nigeria. (annalsofglobalhealth.org)
  • Data was collected using a questionnaire including the socio-demographic, antenatal care (ANC), delivery details, birth dates, vaccination presentation and birth vaccine antigens received. (annalsofglobalhealth.org)
  • The most frequently received antigen was theBacille-Calmette-Guerinby 1 781 infants (91.2%), oral polio vaccine 1 703 (87.2%), and hepatitis B vaccine birth dose the lowest at 75.1% (1 565). (annalsofglobalhealth.org)
  • An example of an existing subunit vaccine is the hepatitis B vaccine. (gavi.org)
  • Serum levels of hepatitis B surface antigen were determined in 277 randomly selected children aged 1-12 years. (who.int)
  • Hepatitis-B surface antigen and antibody: prevalence and persistence in institutionalized and noninstitutionalized persons. (cdc.gov)
  • Assay is a chemiluminescent immunoassay for the qualitative detection of hepatitis B surface antigen in human serum and plasma. (bloodworksnw.org)
  • The hepatitis B surface antibody is the antibody that is produced in response to hepatitis B surface antigen , a protein present on the surface of the hepatitis B virus. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
  • Normal results are negative or nonreactive, meaning that no hepatitis B surface antigen was found. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
  • Rabbit anti hepatitis B surface antigen antibody ( OBT0990 ) used for the evaluation of hepatitis B surface antigen in infected cell cultures by western blotting. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
  • Rabbit anti hepatitis B surface antigen antibody ( OBT0990 ) used for the detection of hepatitis b surface antigen in infected mouse liver by immunohistochemistry on formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
  • Proposed international reference preparation for hepatitis B surface antigen / by Morag Ferguson, Valerie Seagroatt and G. C. Schild. (who.int)
  • The objective of this study was to know the frequency of the surface antigen of hepatitis B and determine the post-vaccination antibodies against hepatitis in women of reproductive age, hospitalized in a psychiatric hospital of the Ministry of Public Health and Social Welfare of Asunción, Paraguay. (una.py)
  • Serum Level of Anti-Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Among Students in Guilan, Iran', International Journal of School Health , 2(4), pp. 42-44. (ac.ir)
  • Hepatitis B virus surface protein can be found in high concentrations in serum after acute or chronic hepatitis B virus infection. (ganeshdiagnostic.com)
  • [email protected] metal-organic framework composite as an immunosensing platform for determination of hepatitis B virus surface antigen. (bvsalud.org)
  • Antigenicity of the preS2 region of hepatitis B surface antigen was characterized by site-directed mutagenesis. (kribb.re.kr)
  • Rheumatologists should treat RA patients positive for hepatitis B surface (HBs) antigen in collaboration with a hepatologist. (medscape.com)
  • Vietnam veterans had higher prevalences of stool occult blood, left ventricular hypertrophy, hepatitis-B surface antigen, and hearing loss than nonVietnam veterans. (cdc.gov)
  • Antigens from any of the hepatitis viruses including surface, core, and other associated antigens. (bvsalud.org)
  • Hepatitis B surface antigen is produced in tobacco, rabies virus glycoprotein is produced in tomato, cholera toxin P-subunit is being produced in potato and tobacco. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • The with hepatitis B virus, and between 130 and 150 million prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen is reported to be people globally have chronic hepatitis C infection (1 , 2) . (who.int)
  • In Pakistan, every year, the overwhelming majority as a result of the 2.2% and 4.2% of blood donors are reported to be positive consequences of chronic infection: cirrhosis and primary for hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C antibodies liver cancer (3 , 4) . (who.int)
  • C antibodies and 3.5% for hepatitis B surface antigen in complications (5) . (who.int)
  • 5.6% had positive findings for both antibodies, 5.6% had findings for antibody to hepatitis B surface antigens alone, and 1.3% had positive findings for antibody to hepatitis B core antigens alone. (wustl.edu)
  • The group with positive findings for antibody to hepatitis B surface antigens alone did not have traditional risk factors for HBV infection, suggesting that this serologic finding may not be a reliable indicator of past HBV infection. (wustl.edu)
  • Antibodies perform their function by recognizing antigens on the surface of the microbe which identifies it as a foreign object. (kaberaglobal.com)
  • In the case of COVID-19, the antigen is typically the characteristic spike protein found on the surface of the virus, which it normally uses to help it invade human cells. (gavi.org)
  • Purification and molecular cloning of the APO-1 cell surface antigen, a member of the tumor necrosis factor/nerve growth factor receptor superfamily. (smpdb.ca)
  • 8%). During delivery of recommended hepatitis B vaccination services (e.g. (cdc.gov)
  • ABSTRACT The hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination schedule in Libya follows international recommendations (1st dose at birth, 2nd after 1 month and 3rd after 6 months). (who.int)
  • RÉSUMÉ Le calendrier de vaccination contre le virus de l'hépatite B en Libye suit les recommandations internationales (première dose à la naissance, deuxième dose un mois après et troisième dose six mois après). (who.int)
  • It can also be produced in response to hepatitis B vaccination. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
  • Other hepatitis B antibodies are not produced in response to vaccination. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
  • These tests allow the healthcare provider to know whether you could benefit from vaccination, or if you have active or chronic hepatitis B and need counseling, care, or treatment. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
  • However, some individuals can build immunity to hepatitis B through vaccination. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • All infants, children, and adults should receive hepatitis B vaccination. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • 20% of all hepatitis A cases reported to CDC, but no large outbreaks have occurred among persons who use drugs since adoption of the recommendation for hepatitis A vaccination of persons who use injection and non-injection drugs was made in 1996. (cdc.gov)
  • In order to prevent hepatitis A, vaccination is an important method. (healthwatchcenter.com)
  • En conséquence, un programme de vaccination pourrait s'imposer comme une nouvelle stratégie de lutte contre la maladie dans la wilaya de Sétif. (bvsalud.org)
  • By then, China had fully integrated hepatitis B vaccination as part of its routine immunization for infants. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To evaluate whether the impact of the hepatitis B vaccination program since 1992 in Anhui province is similar to the rest of the country, this paper examined an updated Hepatitis B serosurvey to (1) measure the prevalence of hepatitis B among the general population and (2) determine the ongoing risk factors for hepatitis B infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • According to the CDC , only 90-95% of people develop antibodies to hepatitis B post-vaccination (full series) and have positive antibody titers for 30+ years. (raisinghealthychildren.net)
  • free hepatitis B vaccination for newborn infants was carried out in 2001. (who.int)
  • The target groups were those who had not completed a three-dose vaccination series or who had never received hepatitis B immunization. (who.int)
  • Hepatitis A/B antigen and antibody report issued in last 3 months must be presented prior to Hepatitis A/HepatitisB/Hepatitis A&B vaccination. (esdlife.com)
  • efgartigimod alfa will decrease the level or effect of hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) by receptor binding competition. (medscape.com)
  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) chronically infects 300 million people worldwide, and increases their risk to develop hepatocellular carcinoma by a hundred fold [ 3 ]. (medsci.org)
  • Patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are at risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and serum markers reflecting viral replication are potential predictors for HCC development. (e-cmh.org)
  • Long-term nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) treatment can improve liver inflammation, ameliorate the development of liver fibrosis, and reduce the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through efficient suppression of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication. (researchsquare.com)
  • Co-infection with hepatitis D virus (HDV) in persons with acute or chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can lead to fulminant hepatitis. (cdc.gov)
  • The core promoter mutants have been associated with the development of fulminant hepatitis during acute infection and liver cancer during chronic infection. (medsci.org)
  • 2 Severe infections can result in cholestatic hepatitis, relapsing hepatitis, and fulminant hepatitis leading to death. (cdc.gov)
  • Perinatal hepatitis B in the newborn may range from asymptomatic to fulminant hepatitis. (cdc.gov)
  • It also has application for antigen sparing (reducing the amount/dose of antigen) required for protective immunity, and application to biodefense and pandemic settings for anti-infectious vaccines. (biospace.com)
  • Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection continues to be a major public health issue worldwide, although safe and effective vaccines are available for more than 3 decades. (e-cmh.org)
  • The vaccines were characterized for antigen adsorption, rHBsAg tertiary structure, particle size and charge, adjuvant elemental content and in-vivo potency. (elsevier.com)
  • Antigens for use in vaccines to protect against. (appliedbiotech.org)
  • Nucleic acid vaccines use genetic material - either RNA or DNA - to provide cells with the instructions to make the antigen. (gavi.org)
  • Viral vector vaccines also work by giving cells genetic instructions to produce antigens. (gavi.org)
  • As with nucleic acid vaccines, our own cellular machinery is hijacked to produce the antigen from those instructions, in order to trigger an immune response. (gavi.org)
  • Hepatitis viruses constitute a major public health problem because of the morbidity and mortality associated with the acute and chronic consequences of these infections. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition, NHANES provides the means to better define the epidemiology of other hepatitis viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • NHANES testing for markers of infection with hepatitis viruses will be used to determine secular trends in infection rates across most age and racial/ethnic groups, and will provide a national picture of the epidemiologic determinants of these infections. (cdc.gov)
  • Different hepatitis viruses have been given different names, such as A, B, and C. (va.gov)
  • HCV is one of the three viruses that causes hepatitis. (dnafamilycheck.com)
  • Types of Hepatitis Viruses And How They Affect On Your Liver Tissues! (healthwatchcenter.com)
  • The main reason for this disease is group of hepatitis viruses which cause liver damage. (healthwatchcenter.com)
  • Hepatitis viruses are from A to G and some other viruses include cytomegalovirus, Epstein - Barr virus, yellow fever, etc. (healthwatchcenter.com)
  • Yet, the burden of disease as a consequence of hepatitis B and C infections in the blood donor populations infection with hepatitis B and C viruses is preventable. (who.int)
  • States of the World Health Organization to develop and donations are screened for hepatitis B and C viruses implement national strategies for preventing, diagnosing, using enzyme-linked immunoassays. (who.int)
  • pylori protocol than the the following "A lot of these viruses and to develop a fungal exposed to hepatitis A and have not been it might be ringworm, at where To Order Generic Xifaxan New York risk of to undergo a corneal. (impelits.com)
  • Chronic hepatitis B virus infection is a long-term illness that occurs when the virus remains in a person's body. (va.gov)
  • ABSTRACT Hepatitis virus B is transmitted by various routes including blood, vertical and sexual routes. (una.py)
  • abstract = "Background: Entecavir is a potent nucleoside analogue for treating chronic hepatitis B (CHB). (eur.nl)
  • abstract = "The mechanisms by which hepatitis B virus (HBV) establishes and maintains chronic hepatitis B infection (CHB) are poorly defined. (elsevier.com)
  • Blood London have been providing Hepatitis Delta Antigen on a self-referral basis to patients in Central and Greater London for over 20 years. (blood.london)
  • Nuclear export signal-interacting protein forms complexes with lamin A/C-Nups to mediate the CRM1-independent nuclear export of large hepatitis delta antigen. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Persons with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are at high risk for chronic liver disease and are a major reservoir of HBV infection. (cdc.gov)
  • The hepatitis B virus infects the liver (HBV). (ganeshdiagnostic.com)
  • The hepatitis D virus can cause liver disease, although infection is rare and requires co-infection with a related virus called hepatitis B. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A hepatitis virus is one that lives in liver cells and causes inflammation. (va.gov)
  • Hepatitis B medications are recommended for patients with detected HBV virus (also known as hepatitis B viral load) on a blood test and evidence of liver damage. (va.gov)
  • Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is life threatening and may lead to acute and chronic liver diseases (1) including cancer and cirrhosis (2). (cdc.gov)
  • Hepatitis B is a liver infection caused by HBV. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • However, hepatitis B infection can become long term for others and lead to serious health problems, such as liver cirrhosis and cancer. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Hepatitis B is a viral infection that attack liver and its is transmitted through blood and other body fluids. (gnhindia.com)
  • however, when this disease affects populations with already poor health (e.g., hepatitis B and C infections, chronic liver disease), infection can lead to serious outcomes, including death. (cdc.gov)
  • Hepatitis results in inflammation and damage to the liver. (dnafamilycheck.com)
  • Hepatitis is a liver disease which occurs due to the presence of inflammatory cells in your liver tissue. (healthwatchcenter.com)
  • Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) that affects the liver. (raisinghealthychildren.net)
  • Hepatitis B is a contagious liver disease that ranges in severity from a mild illness lasting a few weeks to a serious, lifelong illness. (cdc.gov)
  • Rat liver sections and the human epithelial cell line HEp-2 were compared as substrates for the detection of canine ANA using the indirect immunofluorescence (HF) technique. (slu.se)
  • The HEp-2 cell substrate was found to be superior to rat liver cryostate sections as ANA substrate for canine sera because of their low reactivity with normal sera and the ease of discernment of ANA fluorescence patterns in positive samples. (slu.se)
  • This involves the reaction of anti-HBc in the sample with hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) coated wells. (cdc.gov)
  • This protein interacts with a region called the nuclear export signal (NES) of a protein that forms a piece of the hepatitis D virus. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Once this genetic material gets into human cells, it uses our cells' protein factories to make the antigen that will trigger an immune response. (gavi.org)
  • This Health Alert Network (HAN) Advisory alerts public health departments, healthcare facilities, and programs providing services to affected populations about these outbreaks of hepatitis A infections and provides guidance to assist in identifying and preventing new infections. (cdc.gov)
  • From January 2017 to April 2018, CDC has received more than 2,500 reports of hepatitis A infections associated with person-to-person transmission from multiple states. (cdc.gov)
  • 12,13 Outbreaks of hepatitis A infections among homeless persons have occurred in other countries, but large outbreaks among the homeless have not been described previously in the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • The burden of hepatitis infection in Death and disability from hepatitis B or C infections the Region among blood donors is not limited to Egypt are preventable through prevention of new infections and Pakistan. (who.int)
  • The use of unsafe blood and blood products is one of from low-risk populations, and quality assured testing the ways hepatitis B and C infections are transmitted. (who.int)
  • It can be used at home, by healthcare professionals at the point-of-care and or at home using a virtually guided service for the detection of antigens that form in the early stage of active infections. (abbott.com)
  • We demonstrated that virologic markers of HBV disease activity (hepatitis B e antigen status or HBV DNA level) are associated with HLA-A genotype. (ox.ac.uk)
  • 5 As the reported incidence of hepatitis B does not represent the prevalence for positive hepatitis B markers, it was necessary to conduct a sero-epidemiological study to assess the prevalence of positive hepatitis B markers among residents of Lianyungang. (who.int)
  • This study aimed to determine the prevalence of positive hepatitis B markers in Lianyungang and assessed whether the national targets for 2010 were achieved. (who.int)
  • Most also indicated a higher prevalence of these markers in people with hepatitis C can be cured with direct-acting replacement and/or directed donors as compared to the prevalence in voluntary, unpaid blood donors (17) . (who.int)
  • antibodies against hepatitis B. (una.py)
  • This test looks for the presence or absence of antibodies against hepatitis C (anti-HCV) in your blood. (dnafamilycheck.com)
  • Some of them try to smuggle the antigen into the body, others use the body's own cells to make the viral antigen. (gavi.org)
  • They reside in tissues to activate both T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes that recognize foreign antigens. (kaberaglobal.com)
  • We now assess this strategy in humans, using chimpanzee adenovirus 3 and modified vaccinia Ankara vectors encoding human Ii fused to the nonstructural (NS) antigens of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in a heterologous prime/boost regimen. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Hepatitis B is one of the world's most significant infectious disease threats with more than 290 million people infected globally. (yahoo.com)
  • VBI is committed to targeting and overcoming significant infectious diseases, including hepatitis B, coronaviruses, and cytomegalovirus (CMV), as well as aggressive cancers including glioblastoma (GBM). (yahoo.com)
  • The hepatitis B virus is 10 times more widespread and 100 times more infectious than AIDS. (healthwatchcenter.com)
  • Hepatitis B is one of the most common infectious diseases in China. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection, a common cause of acute infectious hepatitis with acute cholestasis, has been associated with renal manifestations such as acute tubular necrosis (ATN) and glomerulonephritis, but the current literature is scant on acute HEV infection causing cholemic nephrosis with AKI. (indianjnephrol.org)
  • Outcomes of chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) are varied, with increased morbidity reported in the context of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Antigen specificity of antineutrophil antibodies in ulcerative colitis, primary sclerosing and autoimmune hepatitis. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The CDC states that around 90% of babies with hepatitis B can develop chronic infection, while 2-6% of adults become chronically infected. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • There are approved drugs for adults and children that help control the hepatitis B virus, such as antivirals. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • HLA-A is a Predictor of Hepatitis B e Antigen Status in HIV-Positive African Adults. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Immunization programs should continue to focus on adults, and interventions should be taken to reduce risk factors associated with being infected with Hepatitis B. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although a majority of adults develop symptoms from acute hepatitis B virus infection, many young children do not. (cdc.gov)
  • Symptoms of hepatitis B may not appear for 3 months after exposure. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
  • This at-home test is suitable for individuals who suspect an exposure to the hepatitis C virus (HCV). (dnafamilycheck.com)
  • Hepatitis C antibodies are generally detectable 8-11 weeks after an exposure to the virus. (dnafamilycheck.com)
  • Only for short-term, IG can be used and it helps in boosting your immune system to keep you away from getting sick and with hepatitis A after exposure. (healthwatchcenter.com)
  • Over the past decade, the importance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) mutants has made a transition from an academic phenomenon of unknown prevalence to a factor for consideration during disease diagnosis. (cdc.gov)
  • We assessed the performance of a novel immunoassay, HBV core-related antigen (HBcrAg), as a low-cost (less than US $15/assay) alternative to nucleic acid testing to indicate clinically important high viremia in chronic HBV patients infected with different genotypes. (elsevier.com)
  • The hepatitis B core antigen (IgM anti-HBc) Test cost varies by region and facility. (ganeshdiagnostic.com)
  • Hepatitis B can be transmitted from a birthing parent to a newborn infant. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
  • In fact, 90% of mothers with an acute hepatitis B infection and 10% to 20% of mothers with chronic hepatitis B will transmit the virus to their newborn, estimates the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists . (hepatitisprohelp.com)
  • New immunization strategies have been developed to eliminate the spread of HBV and hepatitis A virus (HAV) in the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • The seroprevalence of anti-hepatitis A antibodies (corresponding to the immunization rate) was 100% in Sétif, in people aged between 10 and 14 years in 1986. (bvsalud.org)
  • 1992 was also the year that the Ministry of Health recommended a nationwide hepatitis B routine immunization [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • China launched a hepatitis B catch-up immunization programme among children less than 15 years old in 2009. (who.int)
  • More than 300 million people worldwide are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). (medsci.org)
  • An estimated 257 million individuals worldwide are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), of whom 2.7 million are co-infected with HIV [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The younger a person is when infected with hepatitis B virus, the greater his or her chance of developing chronic hepatitis B. Approximately 90 percent of infected infants will develop chronic infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Many people with chronic hepatitis B virus infection do not know they are infected since they do not feel or look sick. (cdc.gov)
  • Priority and potential strategy for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) dual infection. (medscape.com)
  • 19. Trevelyan MR. The prosthetic treatment of hepatitis B antigen positive patients. (bvsalud.org)
  • The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) carrier and infectivity status among 762 pregnant women in Krishnagiri district, TamilNadu, were determined through random testing of volunteers antenatal clinics through different hospitals with in the krishnagiri district. (envirobiotechjournals.com)
  • This survey assessed the prevalence of Hepatitis B infection in Lianyungang, Jiangsu province, China in 2009-2010. (who.int)
  • Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) may be a potential immunomodulatory therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). (nih.gov)
  • Should all patients with chronic hepatitis B be on treatment? (va.gov)