Hepatitis b e antigens. Medical search

A closely related group of antigens found in the plasma only during the infective phase of hepatitis B or in virulent chronic hepatitis B, probably indicating active virus replication; there are three subtypes which may exist in a complex with immunoglobulins G.

The type species of the genus ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS which causes human HEPATITIS B and is also apparently a causal agent in human HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA. The Dane particle is an intact hepatitis virion, named after its discoverer. Non-infectious spherical and tubular particles are also seen in the serum.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS genus, HEPATITIS B VIRUS. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS B VIRUS lasting six months or more. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.

Those hepatitis B antigens found on the surface of the Dane particle and on the 20 nm spherical and tubular particles. Several subspecificities of the surface antigen are known. These were formerly called the Australia antigen.

Antigens of the virion of the HEPATITIS B VIRUS or the Dane particle, its surface (HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGENS), core (HEPATITIS B CORE ANTIGENS), and other associated antigens, including the HEPATITIS B E ANTIGENS.

The hepatitis B antigen within the core of the Dane particle, the infectious hepatitis virion.

Antibodies to the HEPATITIS B ANTIGENS, including antibodies to the surface (Australia) and core of the Dane particle and those to the "e" antigens.

A reverse transcriptase inhibitor and ZALCITABINE analog in which a sulfur atom replaces the 3' carbon of the pentose ring. It is used to treat HIV disease.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines containing inactivated hepatitis B or some of its component antigens and designed to prevent hepatitis B. Some vaccines may be recombinantly produced.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.

Agents used in the prophylaxis or therapy of VIRUS DISEASES. Some of the ways they may act include preventing viral replication by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; binding to specific cell-surface receptors and inhibiting viral penetration or uncoating; inhibiting viral protein synthesis; or blocking late stages of virus assembly.

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to pyruvate and L-glutamate. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.6.1.2.

The condition of harboring an infective organism without manifesting symptoms of infection. The organism must be readily transmissible to another susceptible host.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER with ongoing hepatocellular injury for 6 months or more, characterized by NECROSIS of HEPATOCYTES and inflammatory cell (LEUKOCYTES) infiltration. Chronic hepatitis can be caused by viruses, medications, autoimmune diseases, and other unknown factors.

Carbon-containing phosphonic acid compounds. Included under this heading are compounds that have carbon bound to either OXYGEN atom or the PHOSPHOROUS atom of the (P=O)O2 structure.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS, a single-stranded RNA virus. Its incubation period is 30-90 days. Hepatitis C is transmitted primarily by contaminated blood parenterally, and is often associated with transfusion and intravenous drug abuse. However, in a significant number of cases, the source of hepatitis C infection is unknown.

A purine base and a fundamental unit of ADENINE NUCLEOTIDES.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the HEPATOVIRUS genus, HUMAN HEPATITIS A VIRUS. It can be transmitted through fecal contamination of food or water.

One of the type I interferons produced by peripheral blood leukocytes or lymphoblastoid cells. In addition to antiviral activity, it activates NATURAL KILLER CELLS and B-LYMPHOCYTES, and down-regulates VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR expression through PI-3 KINASE and MAPK KINASES signaling pathways.

The quantity of measurable virus in a body fluid. Change in viral load, measured in plasma, is sometimes used as a SURROGATE MARKER in disease progression.

Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.

A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.

The transmission of infectious disease or pathogens from one generation to another. It includes transmission in utero or intrapartum by exposure to blood and secretions, and postpartum exposure via breastfeeding.

Substances that are recognized by the immune system and induce an immune reaction.

The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.

Inhibitors of reverse transcriptase (RNA-DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE), an enzyme that synthesizes DNA on an RNA template.

The ability of viruses to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents or antiviral agents. This resistance is acquired through gene mutation.

Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER.

The co-occurrence of pregnancy and an INFECTION. The infection may precede or follow FERTILIZATION.

Purine or pyrimidine bases attached to a ribose or deoxyribose. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans due to infection by VIRUSES. There are several significant types of human viral hepatitis with infection caused by enteric-transmission (HEPATITIS A; HEPATITIS E) or blood transfusion (HEPATITIS B; HEPATITIS C; and HEPATITIS D).

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans that is caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS lasting six months or more. Chronic hepatitis C can lead to LIVER CIRRHOSIS.

The process of intracellular viral multiplication, consisting of the synthesis of PROTEINS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; and sometimes LIPIDS, and their assembly into a new infectious particle.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Polymers of ETHYLENE OXIDE and water, and their ethers. They vary in consistency from liquid to solid depending on the molecular weight indicated by a number following the name. They are used as SURFACTANTS, dispersing agents, solvents, ointment and suppository bases, vehicles, and tablet excipients. Some specific groups are NONOXYNOLS, OCTOXYNOLS, and POLOXAMERS.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

A species in the genus HEPATOVIRUS containing one serotype and two strains: HUMAN HEPATITIS A VIRUS and Simian hepatitis A virus causing hepatitis in humans (HEPATITIS A) and primates, respectively.

A DNA virus that closely resembles human hepatitis B virus. It has been recovered from naturally infected ducks.

Any of the viruses that cause inflammation of the liver. They include both DNA and RNA viruses as well viruses from humans and animals.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Immunoglobulins raised by any form of viral hepatitis; some of these antibodies are used to diagnose the specific kind of hepatitis.

Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity.

A genus of FLAVIVIRIDAE causing parenterally-transmitted HEPATITIS C which is associated with transfusions and drug abuse. Hepatitis C virus is the type species.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with hepatitis A virus (HEPATOVIRUS).

Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care. (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

A country spanning from central Asia to the Pacific Ocean.

Antibodies to the HEPATITIS C ANTIGENS including antibodies to envelope, core, and non-structural proteins.

Proteins, glycoprotein, or lipoprotein moieties on surfaces of tumor cells that are usually identified by monoclonal antibodies. Many of these are of either embryonic or viral origin.

Therapy with two or more separate preparations given for a combined effect.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in animals due to viral infection.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS DELTA VIRUS, a defective RNA virus that can only infect HEPATITIS B patients. For its viral coating, hepatitis delta virus requires the HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGENS produced by these patients. Hepatitis D can occur either concomitantly with (coinfection) or subsequent to (superinfection) hepatitis B infection. Similar to hepatitis B, it is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.

Antigens on surfaces of cells, including infectious or foreign cells or viruses. They are usually protein-containing groups on cell membranes or walls and may be isolated.

Any vaccine raised against any virus or viral derivative that causes hepatitis.

Substances elaborated by viruses that have antigenic activity.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

A defective virus, containing particles of RNA nucleoprotein in virion-like form, present in patients with acute hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis. It requires the presence of a hepadnavirus for full replication. This is the lone species in the genus Deltavirus.

Acute INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans; caused by HEPATITIS E VIRUS, a non-enveloped single-stranded RNA virus. Similar to HEPATITIS A, its incubation period is 15-60 days and is enterically transmitted, usually by fecal-oral transmission.

Antibodies to the HEPATITIS A ANTIGENS including antibodies to envelope, core, and non-structural proteins.

A positive-stranded RNA virus species in the genus HEPEVIRUS, causing enterically-transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis (HEPATITIS E).

A chronic self-perpetuating hepatocellular INFLAMMATION of unknown cause, usually with HYPERGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA and serum AUTOANTIBODIES.

EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES based on the detection through serological testing of characteristic change in the serum level of specific ANTIBODIES. Latent subclinical infections and carrier states can thus be detected in addition to clinically overt cases.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

A strain of HEPATITIS A VIRUS which causes hepatitis in humans. The virus replicates in hepatocytes and is presumed to reach the intestine via the bile duct. Transmission occurs by the fecal-oral route.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

Ribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in non-human animals.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Proteins found mainly in icosahedral DNA and RNA viruses. They consist of proteins directly associated with the nucleic acid inside the NUCLEOCAPSID.

An ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS causing chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma in woodchucks. It closely resembles the human hepatitis B virus.

Antigens produced by various strains of HEPATITIS D VIRUS.

Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.

Antigens of the virions of HEPACIVIRUS, their surface, core, or other associated antigens.

Core promoter mutations and genotypes in relation to viral replication and liver damage in East Asian hepatitis B virus carriers. (1/743)

Virus load and liver damage, as measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and histology activity index, were related to genotype and core promoter mutations in 43 chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers of East Asian origin. T-1762 mutants were more frequent in genotype C strains and were associated with more inflammation (P=.0036) and fibrosis (P=.0088) of the liver but not with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) status or virus load. Conversely, precore mutations were associated with less liver inflammation (P=. 08), which was linked to HBeAg negativity and lower viral replication. Carriers with genotype C were more often HBeAg positive (P=.03) with precore wild type strains and more-severe liver inflammation (P=.009) than were those with genotype B. These findings suggest that pathogenic differences between genotypes may exist and that the T-1762 mutation may be useful as a marker for progressive liver damage but seem to contradict that down-regulation of HBeAg production is the major effect of this mutation. (+info)

Hepatitis B vaccination in high-risk infants: 10-year follow-up. (2/743)

The long-term efficacy of hepatitis B vaccination among high-risk infants was determined in 805 vaccine responders, immunized at birth in Taiwan during 1981-1984 and followed to age 10 years, via life table survival and Cox multivariate analyses. At 10 years, cumulative persistence of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) was 85%, and cumulative incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was 15%. Three children became carriers. Twelve-month anti-HBs titer was the strongest predictor of efficacy. The higher the initial titer, the lower the risk of anti-HBs loss (relative risk [RR], 0.26 for titer of 100-999 mIU/mL; RR, 0.08 for titer >1000 mIU/mL; P<.001) and HBV infection (RR, 0.55 and 0.27; P<.05). Maternal hepatitis B e antigen positivity but not hepatitis B immunoglobulin dose or gender predicted greater antibody persistence to age 10 years. Because the level of antibody persistence remained high and few became carriers, booster revaccination within 10 years seems unnecessary. (+info)

Quantitative analysis of hepatitis B virus precore mutant in hepatitis type B. (3/743)

Active liver disease has been detected in chronic hepatitis B after seroconversion from positive HBe antigen to positive anti-HBe antibody. Active replication of HB virus (HBV) containing a precore stop-codon mutation has been implicated in this condition. The usual methods, such as direct sequencing, to characterize the responsible mutant of HBV are not suitable for routine clinical use. Here we employed the competitive mutation site specific assay (CMSSA) to detect precore mutant HBV-DNA in patients with positive HB surface antigen. In patients with HBe antigen, precore mutant HBV-DNA was significantly higher than in patients with HBe antibody. The level of precore mutant HBV-DNA in patients with elevated serum ALT was significantly higher than in patients with normal serum ALT. Sex, age and the level of serum HBV-associated DNA polymerase levels were not correlated with levels of precore mutant HBV-DNA. Ten of 11 negative patients for the precore mutant by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism assay (PCRRFLP) were positive for the precore mutant by CMSSA. These results suggest that the precore mutant has already emerged in the HBeAg-positive phase as determined by CMSSA, which is more sensitive than PCR-RFLP and is useful for evaluating the clinical course of patients with chronic hepatitis B. (+info)

Hepatitis B surface antigen disappearance and hepatitis B surface antigen subtype: a prospective, long-term, follow-up study of Japanese residents of Okinawa, Japan with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. (4/743)

To determine the natural course of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) disappearance in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the factors related to its disappearance, 946 HBsAg carriers in Okinawa, Japan were prospectively followed for up to 19 years (mean = 9.2 years). The disappearance of HBsAg, as determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA), was observed in 62 (6.6%) and the overall annual disappearance rate was 0.79%/year. Its disappearance was more frequent in 60 (7.4%) of 815 serum samples negative for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) by RIA at entry compared with only two (1.5%) of 131 serum samples that were HBeAg positive by RIA at entry (P < 0.05). Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that age and HBsAg subtype were significantly associated with HBsAg disappearance (both P < 0.05), and that carriers with subtype adr (odds ratio = 2.87) had an increased probability of clearing HBsAg compared with carriers with subtype adw. Conversely, HBeAg disappearance was earlier in those with the adw subtype than in those with adr. Hepatitis B virus DNA was not detected by the polymerase chain reaction after HBsAg disappearance in any of the 62 from whom it had disappeared. The HBsAg titer, as measured by reverse passive hemagglutination, was related to the time to its disappearance; the higher the titer, the longer the time to disappearance. These findings suggest that HBeAg negativity, a more advanced age, and low titers of HBsAg are favorable factors for HBsAg disappearance in the natural course of chronic HBV infection. Moreover, HBsAg subtype adr was a predictive factor for HBsAg disappearance, whereas subtype adw was predictive of early HBeAg disappearance. (+info)

Specific vaccine therapy in chronic hepatitis B: induction of T cell proliferative responses specific for envelope antigens. (5/743)

In a pilot study, it was established that specific therapy by standard anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination may be effective in reducing HBV replication and canceling the immune tolerance to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) particles in about 50% of persons with chronic active HBV replication. In the present study, the vaccine-induced immune responses were analyzed during an ongoing controlled multicenter vaccine trial. Vaccination elicited peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferative responses specific for envelope antigen in 7 of 27 subjects given HBsAg. The responses induced by the vaccines were mediated by CD4+ T lymphocytes, and at least three different epitopes were recognized. HBV-specific CD4+ T lymphocytes produced high levels of interferon-gamma [corrected] and belonged to a T helper 1 subset. Reduction of serum HBV DNA in some of these persons suggests that induction of CD4+ T cell responses could be important in controlling viremia during vaccine therapy of chronic HBV carriers. (+info)

Combinatorial screening and intracellular antiviral activity of hairpin ribozymes directed against hepatitis B virus. (6/743)

A combinatorial screening method has been used to identify hairpin ribozymes that inhibit hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication in transfected human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. A hairpin ribozyme library (5 x 10(5) variants) containing a randomized substrate-binding domain was used to identify accessible target sites within 3.3 kb of full-length in vitro-transcribed HBV pregenomic RNA. Forty potential target sites were found within the HBV pregenomic RNA, and 17 sites conserved in all four subtypes of HBV were chosen for intracellular inhibition experiments. Polymerase II and III promoter expression constructs for corresponding hairpin ribozymes were generated and cotransfected into HCC cells together with a replication-competent dimer of HBV DNA. Four ribozymes inhibited HBV replication by 80, 69, 66, and 49%, respectively, while catalytically inactive mutant forms of these ribozymes affected HBV replication by 36, 28, 0, and 0%. These findings indicate that the inhibitory effects on HBV replication were largely mediated by the catalytic activity of the ribozymes. In conclusion, we have identified catalytically active RNAs by combinatorial screening that mediate intracellular antiviral effects on HBV. (+info)

Markedly high seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in comparison to hepatitis C virus and human T lymphotropic virus type-1 infections in selected Solomon Islands populations. (7/743)

To determine the prevalences of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human T lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) infections in residents of the Solomon Islands, we surveyed 1,610 serum samples from 1,113 outpatients and 497 healthy volunteer blood donors at the Central Hospital in Honiara, the Solomon Islands. The prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) by radioimmunoassay (RIA) (n = 315, 19.6%) was significantly different from that of antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) by a second-generation enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (n = 4, 0.2%) and antibody to HTLV-1 (anti-HTLV-1) by an ELISA with Western blot analysis to verify the positivity (n = 49, 3.0%) (P < 0.0001, respectively). There were no significant differences in the prevalences of these markers between outpatients and blood donors. Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) was detected by RIA in 130 (41.3%) of 315 HBsAg-positive samples. The distribution of HBsAg subtypes by EIA was 190 adr (60.3%), 111 ayw (35.2%), and 14 (0.4%) other subtypes. The HBeAg prevalence decreased with age in all groups for each subtype. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of HBeAg among HBsAg subtypes. We conclude that HBV infection is highly endemic in selected Solomon Islands populations, and that the high prevalence of HBeAg may be associated with the spread of HBV infection there. (+info)

Dual efficacy of lamivudine treatment in human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis B virus-coinfected persons in a randomized, controlled study (CAESAR). The CAESAR Coordinating Committee. (8/743)

The efficacy and safety of lamivudine in persons coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 and hepatitis B virus (HBV) were examined in the CAESAR study, a randomized placebo-controlled trial assessing the addition of lamivudine (150 mg 2x/day) or lamivudine (150 mg 2x/day) plus loviride (100 mg 3x/day) to zidovudine-containing background antiretroviral treatment. Baseline hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) results were available for 1790 study subjects, of whom 122 (6.8%) tested positive. Retrospective analyses for serial HBV DNA, HBsAg, and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) were performed on stored sera from 118 HBsAg-positive subjects. HBV DNA and HBeAg were present in 83% and 63%, respectively. At weeks 12 and 52, median log10 HBV DNA change was -2.0 and -2.7, respectively, in the lamivudine arms, compared with no reduction among placebo recipients (P<.001). A trend to lower alanine transferase level, and delayed progression of HIV-1 disease (relative hazard, 0.26; 95% confidence interval, 0.08-0.80) were also seen in the lamivudine arms, compared with the placebo group. (+info)

Coleman, Paul F. (2017-02-17). "Detecting Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Mutants". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 12 (2): 198-203. ... Breakthrough cases of Hepatitis B are primarily attributed to mutations in the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) that make HBV surface ... Breakthrough infections of Hepatitis B and mumps are partially attributed to antigenic drift. Vaccines may fail to provide ... If B cell receptors bind to the antigen and Fc receptor simultaneously bind to the maternal antibody, the Fc receptors send a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakthrough_infection

Hepatitis B virus surface antigens have not been detected. Hep G2 will respond to stimulation with human growth hormone.[ ... Sigma Aldrich Sales Page for Hep G2 ATCC Sales Page for Hep G2 Cellosaurus entry for Hep G2 Hep G2 is a hepatoblastoma-derived ... Hep G2 (or HepG2) is a human liver cancer cell line. Hep G2 is an immortal cell line which was derived in 1975 from the liver ... Hep G2, American Type Culture Collection Ihrke G, Neufeld EB, Meads T, Shanks MR, Cassio D, Laurent M, et al. (December 1993 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hep_G2

In 1964, while studying "yellow jaundice" (hepatitis), he discovered a surface antigen for hepatitis B in the blood of an ... 3. The age of antigens and electronic microscopy" [History of hepatitis. 3. The age of antigens and electronic microscopy]. La ... a nonprofit organization dedicated to finding a cure for hepatitis B and improving the lives of those affected by hepatitis B ... Blumberg and his team were able to develop a screening test for the hepatitis B virus, to prevent its spread in blood donations ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg

... has been found to have homology to hepatitis delta virus antigen (HDAg). DIPA interacts with the viral antigen, HDAg, and can ... Long M, de Souza SJ, Gilbert W (May 1997). "Delta-interacting protein A and the origin of hepatitis delta antigen". Science. ... Brazas R, Ganem D (Oct 1996). "A cellular homolog of hepatitis delta antigen: implications for viral replication and evolution ... Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a pathogenic human virus whose RNA genome and replication cycle resemble those of plant viroids ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCDC85B

Alipour, Elias (23 June 2013). "Gold nanoparticle based capacitive immunosensor for detection of hepatitis B surface antigen". ... Hepatitis B Prepared AuNPs-Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA gene probes could be used to detect HBV DNA directly. The detection- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_nanoparticles_in_chemotherapy

... (core antigen) is a hepatitis B viral protein. It is an indicator of active viral replication; this means the person ... May 2003). "New enzyme immunoassay for detection of hepatitis B virus core antigen (HBcAg) and relation between levels of HBcAg ... HBcAg is an antigen that can be found on the surface of the nucleocapsid core (the inner most layer of the hepatitis B virus). ... "In vivo inhibition of anti-hepatitis B virus core antigen (HBcAg) immunoglobulin G production by HBcAg-specific CD4(+) Th1-type ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HBcAg

"Stimulation of RNA polymerase II elongation by hepatitis delta antigen". Science. 293 (5527): 124-7. doi:10.1126/science. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WHSC2

The coating, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), is not infectious; however, HBsAG can provoke an immune response. In order to ... Donald G. McNeil, Jr., April 26, 2012, Irving Millman Dies at 88; Worked to Stop Hepatitis B, The New York Times. His Hepatitis ... Millman's work with Baruch Blumberg helped lead to the creation of a test to detect hepatitis B. The test allowed blood banks ... helped develop hepatitis B vaccine". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. ISSN 0190-8286. OCLC 1330888409. v t e (Articles ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irving_Millman

The appearance is classically associated with abundant hepatitis B antigen in the endoplasmic reticulum, but may also be drug- ... Hadziyannis, S; Gerber, MA; Vissoulis, C; Popper, H (Nov 1973). "Cytoplasmic hepatitis B antigen in "ground-glass" hepatocytes ... In the context of hepatitis B, GGHs are only seen in chronic infections, i.e. they are not seen in acute hepatitis B. GGHs were ... Chronic hepatitis - pathconsultddx.com. v t e (Histopathology, All stub articles, Pathology stubs). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_glass_hepatocyte

Kumar GB, Ganapathi TR, Revathi CJ, Srinivas L, Bapat VA (October 2005). "Expression of hepatitis B surface antigen in ... Dendritic cell vaccines combine dendritic cells with antigens to present the antigens to the body's white blood cells, thus ... such as the hepatitis B surface antigen). They can generate TH and antibody responses, but not killer T cell responses.[ ... This presents the antigen in such a way as to produce a greater action than the simple aqueous tetanus toxoid. People who have ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine

Hepatitis Weekly, Autoimmune Diseases, "Cytotoxic Antigen Induces Hypophysitis in Cancer Patients," 2006-1-9; see also, Weston ... "Cancer regression and autoimmunity induced by cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 blockade in patients with metastatic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_hypophysitis

"Fibronectin and asialoglyprotein receptor mediate hepatitis B surface antigen binding to the cell surface". Arch. Virol. 155 (6 ... The asialoglycoprotein receptor may facilitate hepatic infection by multiple viruses including hepatitis B, and is also a ... "Asialoglycoprotein receptor interacts with the preS1 domain of hepatitis B virus in vivo and in vitro". Arch. Virol. 156 (4): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asialoglycoprotein_receptor_1

"Identification of target antigen for SLA/LP autoantibodies in autoimmune hepatitis". Lancet. 355 (9214): 1510-5. doi:10.1016/ ... "Entrez Gene: SLA/LP soluble liver antigen/liver pancreas antigen". Herkel J, Heidrich B, Nieraad N, Wies I, Rother M, Lohse AW ... Volkmann M, Martin L, Bäurle A, Heid H, Strassburg CP, Trautwein C, Fiehn W, Manns MP (2001). "Soluble liver antigen: isolation ... SECp43 and soluble liver antigen, in the selenoprotein synthesis machinery". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (50): 41568-75. doi:10.1074/jbc ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SEPSECS

West, D. J.; Calandra, G. B. (1996). "Vaccine induced immunologic memory for hepatitis B surface antigen: implications for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine-naive

... certain antigens present during hepatitis can accumulate in the kidneys and damage them. Sjögren's syndrome: this autoimmune ... HIV: the virus's antigens provoke an obstruction in the glomerular capillary's lumen that alters normal kidney function. ... Syphilis: kidney damage can occur during the secondary stage of this disease (between 2 and 8 weeks from onset). Hepatitis B: ... Liver failure caused by cirrhosis, hepatitis and other conditions such as alcoholism, IV drug use or some hereditary diseases ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephrotic_syndrome

"Australian Product Information - Vivaxim (Salmonella typhi Vi polysaccharide and hepatitis A virus antigen) Vaccine" (PDF). ... Hepatitis A and typhoid vaccine is a combination vaccine to protect against the infectious diseases hepatitis A and typhoid. It ... Hepatitis vaccines, Combination vaccines, Hepatitis A, Typhoid fever, GSK plc brands, Sanofi, All stub articles, Vaccine stubs) ... Active substance(s): hepatitis a (inactivated) / typhoid polysaccharide vaccine (adsorbed) (PDF) (Report). European Medicines ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_A_and_typhoid_vaccine

December 1993). "Human leukocyte antigen A1-B8-DR3-DQ2-DPB1*0401 extended haplotype in autoimmune hepatitis". Hepatology. 18 (6 ... September 2006). "Genetic association of autoimmune hepatitis and human leucocyte antigen in German patients". World J. ... human leukocyte antigens DR4 and A1-B8-DR3 are independent risk factors". Hepatology. 13 (4): 701-6. doi:10.1002/hep.1840130415 ... "HLA-C genes and susceptibility to type 1 autoimmune hepatitis". Hepatology. 26 (4): 1023-6. doi:10.1002/hep.510260434. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HLA_A1-B8-DR3-DQ2

Hraber P, Kuiken C, Yusim K (December 2007). "Evidence for human leukocyte antigen heterozygote advantage against hepatitis C ... doi:10.1002/hep.21889. PMID 17935228. Rikowski A, Grammer K (May 1999). "Human body odour, symmetry and attractiveness". Proc. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterozygote_advantage

"Suppression of La antigen exerts potential antiviral effects against hepatitis A virus". PLOS ONE. 9 (7): e101993. Bibcode: ... Page for Hepatitis A virus internal ribosome entry site (IRES) at Rfam (GO template errors, Cis-regulatory RNA elements, ... HAV IRES is a 450 nucleotide long sequence located in the 735 nt long 5' UTR (untranslated region) of Hepatitis A viral RNA ... Glass MJ, Jia XY, Summers DF (April 1993). "Identification of the hepatitis A virus internal ribosome entry site: in vivo and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_A_virus_internal_ribosome_entry_site_(IRES)

... but hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) is absent. The X gene codes for HBxAg. The product of the X gene is hepatitis B x antigen ( ... A precore mutant is a variety of hepatitis B virus that does not produce hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBeAg). These mutants are ... doi:10.1002/hep.25636. PMID 22307831. Cleveland Clinic CME hepatitis B Retrieved 15 March 2013 Tacke F, Gehrke C, Luedde T, ... core promoter mutants limits the probability of response to peginterferon in hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_B_virus_precore_mutant

"An evaluation of low voltage counterimmuno-electrophoresis for the detection of hepatitis-B antigen (HB Ag)". Journal of ... In 1971, the company launched Hapindex Diagnostic Test, a rapid Hepatitis B test for blood donors. The test was developed to ... prevent the spread of Hepatitis B through blood transfusions. In 1973, Richard Sellars became Chairman and CEO of Johnson & ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnson_&_Johnson

... (also known as the Australia antigen) is the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Its presence in blood ... Today, these antigen-proteins can be genetically manufactured (e.g. transgene E. coli) to produce material for a simple antigen ... "Positive hepatitis B surface antigen tests due to recent vaccination: a persistent problem". BMC Clinical Pathology. 12 (1): 15 ... The viral envelope of an enveloped virus has different surface proteins from the rest of the virus which act as antigens. These ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HBsAg

Walewski JL, Keller TR, Stump DD, Branch AD (2001). "Evidence for a new hepatitis C virus antigen encoded in an overlapping ... The hepatitis C virus is the cause of hepatitis C and some cancers such as liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma, abbreviated ... doi:10.1002/hep.20819. PMID 16149085. S2CID 21393716. Yu ML, Chuang WL (2009). "Treatment of chronic hepatitis C in Asia: when ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hepatitis C virus. Wikispecies has information related to Hepatitis C virus. Academic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_C_virus

Immunologic properties of Human Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen mimotopes displayed on filamentous phage". The Journal of ... 2002). "The human scavenger receptor class B type I is a novel candidate receptor for the hepatitis C virus". The EMBO Journal ... 2004). "Discovery of alpha,gamma-diketo acids as potent selective and reversible inhibitors of hepatitis C virus NS5b RNA- ... 1996). "Identification and properties of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of hepatitis C virus". The EMBO Journal. 15 (1): 12- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riccardo_Cortese

Inactivated hepatitis A virus produced in MRC-5 cells. An adult dose contains 50 U of antigen adsorbed onto 0.45 mg of ... Hepatitis A and B vaccine is a vaccine against hepatitis A and hepatitis B. Hepatitis A and typhoid vaccine is a vaccine ... Inactivated hepatitis A virus produced in MRC-5 cells. Each adult dose contains 1440 ELISA units of viral antigen adsorbed on ... Inactivated hepatitis A virus produced in MRC-5 cells. Each dose contains 160 U of antigen adsorbed on aluminium hydroxide (0.3 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_A_vaccine

... there is cross-reactivity between influenza virus-specific CD8+ T cells and hepatitis C virus antigens. Cross reactivity may ... In immunology, cross-reactivity has a more narrow meaning of the reaction between an antibody and an antigen that differs from ... There can be cross-reactivity between the immune system and the antigens of two different pathogens, or between one pathogen ... For example, the tetanus toxin is a single protein macromolecular antigen but will stimulate many immune responses due to the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-reactivity

"Chronic liver disease and primary liver-cell cancer with hepatitis-associated (Australia) antigen in serum". Lancet. 1 (7659): ... In this post she worked on hepatitis, which she was able to continue from 1943 to 1947 with funding from the Medical Research ... Davidson, C. S. (1969). "Discussions of the paper by Sheila Sherlock: "The treatment of hepatitis"". Bulletin of the New York ... Eisenmenger, W. (1969). "Discussions of the paper by Sheila Sherlock: "The treatment of hepatitis"". Bulletin of the New York ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheila_Sherlock

"HLA antigens in Japanese patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune hepatitis". Digestion. 26 (4): 213-7. doi: ... HLA-DR2 (DR2) of the HLA-DR serotype system, is a broad antigen serotype that is now preferentially covered by HLA-DR15 and HLA ... Tissue Antigens. 69 Suppl 1: 228-30. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.77311.x. PMID 17445206. Asakura H, Tsuchiya M, Aiso S, ... primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune hepatitis. DR2 is also found in all patients that test positive for anti-anti-Asn-RNA- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HLA-DR2

"Hepatitis B small surface antigen particles are octahedral". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United ... Cited in PMC Wieland, S. F.; Chisari, F. V. (2005). "Stealth and cunning: Hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses". Journal of ... known for his research on virus-host interactions of hepatitis B and hepatitis C. Chisari graduated in 1963 with a bachelor's ... "Contributions of transgenic mouse studies on the research of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus-induced ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_V._Chisari

Petersen NJ, Barrett DH, Bond WW, Berquist KR, Favero MS, Bender TR, Maynard JE (1976). "Hepatitis B surface antigen in saliva ... 44 (3): 521-6. doi:10.1002/hep.21347. PMID 16941687. WHO , Hepatitis B FAQ about Hepatitis B Archived 2009-02-09 at the Wayback ... The 2009 Gujarat hepatitis B outbreak was a cluster of hepatitis B cases that appeared in Modasa, northern Gujarat, India in ... "Doctors held over hepatitis deaths". Press Association. 2009-02-22. Retrieved 2009-02-22. "Hepatitis outbreak: 2 doctors booked ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_Gujarat_hepatitis_outbreak

Patients with chronic hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus infection who harbor a HSPA1B-1267 single nucleotide polymorphism have a ... Gupta N, Jagadish N, Surolia A, Suri A (2017). "Heat shock protein 70-2 (HSP70-2) a novel cancer testis antigen that promotes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSPA1B

Both hepatitis B and hepatitis C are treated with IFN-α, often in combination with other antiviral drugs. Some of those treated ... and EBV nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA-2) from Epstein-Barr virus, the large T antigen of Polyomavirus, the E7 protein of Human ... Overall, IFN-α can be used to treat hepatitis B and C infections, while IFN-β can be used to treat multiple sclerosis. ... The most harmful strain-hepatitis C genotype I virus-can be treated with a 60-80% success rate with the current standard-of- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interferon

... is a chimeric monoclonal antibody targeted against CD20 which is a surface antigen present on B cells. Therefore, it ... Severe side effects include reactivation of hepatitis B in those previously infected, progressive multifocal ... as pathogenic B cells while sparing plasma cells and hematopoietic stem cells as they do not express the CD20 surface antigen. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rituximab

All patients also suffered from hepatitis. Following outbreaks of aflatoxin contamination in maize reaching 4,400 ppb in the ... Impairment of the cell-mediated response to vaccine antigen and modulation of cytokine expression". Toxicology and Applied ... Prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma in individuals exposed to aflatoxin, increases with co-infection of hepatitis B virus. ... Ngindu Augustine (1982). "Outbreak of Acute Hepatitis Caused by Aflatoxin Poisoning in Kenya". The Lancet. 319 (8285): 1346- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aflatoxin_B1

Research on retroviruses led to the development of a vaccine for hepatitis B, which has led to major decreases in rates of ... where he showed a correlation between a spike in cases and the preparation of antigens in yolk sacs, and he prepared another ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Huebner

As of 2017[update], the drug had not been tested in people with active infections (including any HIV, hepatitis B or hepatitis ... in microsatellite instability allowing the tumor to generate numerous mutant proteins that could serve as tumor antigens, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pembrolizumab

At Monash, he established the microbiology curriculum for medical students while researching Mycoplasma antigens and hepatitis ... Shortly after he arrived in Edinburgh, he was involved in investigating an outbreak of hepatitis B in the local dialysis unit; ... he discovered that the high mortality was due to concurrent hepatitis C infection. This investigation laid the groundwork for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrie_Marmion

April 2010). "New genetic associations detected in a host response study to hepatitis B vaccine". Genes and Immunity. 11 (3): ... It may also function in antigen presentation[citation needed]. Alternative splicing occurs at this locus and two transcript ... It may also function in antigen presentation. Alternative splicing generates multiple transcript variants encoding distinct ... "Enhanced ADCC activity of affinity maturated and Fc-engineered mini-antibodies directed against the AML stem cell antigen CD96 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD96

A potential pathway for CD8+ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity in oral LP is described as follows: Antigens presented on MHC 1 ... Hepatitis C virus-associated diseases, Lichenoid eruptions, Oral mucosal pathology). ... An immune-mediated mechanism where basal keratinocytes are being targeted as foreign antigens by activated T cells, especially ... Autoimmune response to epithelial self-antigens remains a possibility. A single study of cutaneous LP reported evidence in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lichen_planus

doi:10.1002/hep.20195. PMID 15122770. Mundt, A; Puhl, G; Müller, A; Sauer, I; Müller, C; Richard, R; Fotopoulou, C; Doll, R; ... of antibodies to supermacroporous cryogel adsorbents with immobilized protein A for removal of anthrax toxin protective antigen ... doi:10.1002/hep.20562. PMID 15690476. Sauer IM, Goetz M, Steffen I, et al. (May 2004). "In vitro comparison of the molecular ... doi:10.1002/hep.21930. PMID 17975845. Kramer, L; Gendo, A; Madl, C; Mullen, KD; Kaminski-Russ, K; Sunder-Plassmann, G; Schaffer ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_support_system

Consistent with patterns found in the tropics, a 1974 study investigating hepatitis B prevalence found that 12% of the Turkana ... people in Lokori tested positive for the HB ag antigen. Lokitaung Kalokol Western, David (1974). "The distribution, density and ... Mutanda, Labius; Mufson, Maurice (1974). "Hepatitis B Antigenemia in Remote Tribes of Northern Kenya, Northern Liberia, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lokori

Hepatitis B (not C) virus tests positive (for surface antigen or antibody) Arteriogram (angiogram) showing the arteries that ... PAN is sometimes associated with infection by the hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus. The condition may be present in infants. ... Infection with the hepatitis C virus and HIV are occasionally discovered in people affected by PAN. PAN has also been ... When present, underlying hepatitis B virus infection should be immediately treated. In some cases, methotrexate or leflunomide ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyarteritis_nodosa

Antigen receptors on CTL can bind to a 9-10 amino acid chain that is presented by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) as ... doi:10.1002/hep.25787. PMID 22504828. S2CID 25965027. Harris SE, Martin-Ruiz C, von Zglinicki T, Starr JM, Deary IJ (July 2012 ... Humans have two major antigen identifying lymphocytes: CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) and CD4+ helper T-lymphocytes that ... Patel KP, Vonderheide RH (June 2004). "Telomerase as a tumor-associated antigen for cancer immunotherapy". Cytotechnology. 45 ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telomerase

"Alkaline phosphatase: Liver Function Test - Viral Hepatitis". www.hepatitis.va.gov. Retrieved 2016-05-02. Delmas PD (December ... along with prostate specific antigen) during, and after six months of hormone treated metastatic prostate cancer was shown to ... Some diseases do not affect the levels of alkaline phosphatase, for example, hepatitis C. A high level of this enzyme does not ... its concentration in the bloodstream is used by diagnosticians as a biomarker in helping determine diagnoses such as hepatitis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkaline_phosphatase

... with PEL that is associated with cirrosis due to hepatitis evidence positive serum tests for the hepatitis virus B antigen ( ... HBsAg) or one of the various tests for hepatitis C antigen. Extracavitary PEL is diagnosed based on findings that their mass ... hepatitis complicated by cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B or C viral infection, or of old age. PEL occurring in the elderly ... the presence of hepatitis C virus infection. Type II PEL also tends to involve malignant plasmablasts, anaplastic cells, and/or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_effusion_lymphoma

... helper dependent ssRNA virus because it requires Hepatitis B virus (HBV) to provide HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) for the ... Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is an example of a replication defective, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helper_dependent_virus

... often fatal hepatitis), and Norwalk group of viruses (gastroenteritis). Caliciviruses naturally infect vertebrates, and have ... a process that involves looking directly at antibody-antigen complexes. The classification of this one Norwalk virus strain ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliciviridae

Indeed, a vaccine that provides accessible antigens in the absence of these other proteins may allow us to control the response ... Dubious claims about vaccines against hepatitis B, HPV and other diseases have been propagated based on misuse of data from ... A study published in 2013 found no correlation between autism and the antigen number in the vaccines the children were ... Elwood, JM; Ameratunga, R (September 2018). "Autoimmune diseases after hepatitis B immunization in adults: Literature review ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine_hesitancy

1990 Oct;47(10):1134-7. Zammarchi E, Donati MA, Filippi L, Resti M: Cryptogenic hepatitis masking the diagnosis of ornithine ... Homocitrulline has been suggested as a confounding antigen for rheumatoid arthritis antibodies targeting citrullinated proteins ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homocitrulline

... some tests measure the level of HIV antibodies in the blood and/or saliva or the level of both HIV antigens and antibodies in ... For an individual to be diagnosed with HCV, they must first take the hepatitis C antibody (HCV Ab) screening test. This test is ... Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) co-infection is a multi-faceted, chronic condition that ... and passage of the Hepatitis C virus from mother to infant during childbirth. Infection with HCV can be asymptomatic, resolve ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_C_and_HIV_coinfection

Other causes of DPGN are endocarditis, Hepatitis B, and Hepatis C.[citation needed] The etiology plays a role in the specific ... Usually the deposition of immune-complexes (antigen-antibody complex) that activates the complement system are involved. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_proliferative_nephritis

He is a specialist in HIV vaccine design and the sequence evolution and diversity of HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV). More ... including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapy and gene editing approaches capable of protecting against HIV ... His laboratory at the Ragon Institute is focused on identifying protective immunity to HIV and Hepatitis C virus (HCV). He is a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Todd_M._Allen

His areas of research while in Washington included serologic testing methods and hepatitis screening. He was a clinical ... Greenwalt, T.J. (2005). "Antibodies, antigens, and anticoagulants: a historical review of a lifetime in transfusion medicine- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibor_J._Greenwalt

At least 90% of cases having cryoglobulins in body, hepatitis C is to blame, reflecting the importance of preclusion of ... D-L antibodies, typically IgG, are characterized by targeting against red blood cells' on-surface antigens called "P". The ... Cold agglutinins are antibodies, typically immunoglobulin M (IgM), that are acquainted with and then binding the antigens on ... Donath-Landsteiner antibodies share similarities with cold agglutinin disease in recognition and connection of the antigens on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_sensitive_antibodies

doi:10.1002/hep.24748. PMID 22006563. S2CID 39002609. Hirschfield GM, Liu X, Xu C, Lu Y, Xie G, Lu Y, et al. (June 2009). " ... The monoclonal antibody Rituximab targets the CD20 antigen on the B cells, and is already used in a wide array of other ... doi:10.1002/hep.28932. PMID 27906472. S2CID 20776738. Assis DN, Abdelghany O, Cai SY, Gossard AA, Eaton JE, Keach JC, et al. ( ... doi:10.1002/hep.21480. PMID 17187426. S2CID 206643. Guglielmi FW, Regano N, Mazzuoli S, Fregnan S, Leogrande G, Guglielmi A, et ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholestasis

Assessment of IgM antibodies to viral capsid antigen (a rising titer) is indicated to confirm Epstein-Barr virus or ... "Hepatic splenosis mimicking HCC in a patient with hepatitis C liver cirrhosis and mildly raised alpha feto protein; the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spleen

doi:10.1002/hep.26029. PMID 22911555. S2CID 9787730. McManus S, Ebert A, Salvagiotto G, Medvedovic J, Sun Q, Tamir I, Jaritz M ... in a cytoskeleton-dependent signaling pathway initiated by ligation of integrin or antigen receptor on human B cells". J. Biol ... "Association of the Cas-like molecule HEF1 with CrkL following integrin and antigen receptor signaling in human B-cells: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NEDD9

As a target antigen for ELISA BVDV detection, NS3 is a multifunctional protein with serine protease activity, helicase activity ... "Palmitoylation of Hepatitis C Virus NS2 Regulates Its Subcellular Localization and NS2-NS3 Autocleavage". Journal of Virology. ... "Hepatitis C virus sequence divergence preserves p7 viroporin structural and dynamic features". Scientific Reports. 9 (1): 8383 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pestivirus

Hepatitis virica : informe de una reunión de la OMS [‎se reunió en Ginebra del 8 al 11 de octubre de 1974]‎ ... Reunion de la OMS sobre Hepatitis Virica (‎1974: Ginebra)‎; World Health Organization (‎Organización Mundial de la Salud, ... Viral hepatitis : report of a WHO meeting [‎held in Geneva from 8 to 11 October 1974]‎ ... WHO Meeting on Viral Hepatitis (‎1974: Geneva)‎; World Health Organization (‎World Health OrganizationWorld Health Organization ...

https://apps.who.int:80/iris/browse?authority=Hepatitis+B+Antigens&type=mesh

Identification and Management of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg)--Positive Persons. Persons with chronic hepatitis B virus ... obtain vaccination against hepatitis A if chronic liver disease is present (2). *When seeking medical or dental care, HBsAg- ... Prevention of hepatitis A through active or passive immunization: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization ... Hepatitis B virus transmission between children in day care. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1989;8:870--5. ...

https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5516a4.htm

Collaborative study to establish the first WHO international standard for detection of hepatitis C virus Core Antigen ... Hepatitis C rapid diagnostic tests for professional use and/or self-testing ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?authority=Hepatitis+C+Antigens&type=mesh

LBDHBG - Hepatitis B surface antigen. Variable Name: LBDHBG SAS Label: Hepatitis B surface antigen. English Text: Hepatitis B ... LBDHD - Hepatitis D (anti-HDV). Variable Name: LBDHD SAS Label: Hepatitis D (anti-HDV). English Text: Hepatitis D (anti-HDV). ... Hepatitis B: Core Antibody, Surface Antigen; Hepatitis D Antibody (HEPBD_G) Data File: HEPBD_G.xpt First Published: September ... The Hepatitis B surface antigen is tested only when the Hepatitis B core antibody test is positive. Participant results are ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/Nchs/Nhanes/2011-2012/HEPBD_G.htm

Detecting Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Mutants On This Page Mechanism of HBV Mutant Generation Surface Antigen Structure Surface ... Carman W, van Deursen F, Mimms L, Hardie D, Coppola R, Decker R, The prevalence of surface antigen variants of hepatitis B ... Koyanagi T, Nakamuta M, Sakai H, Sugimoto R, Enjoji M, Koto K, Analysis of HBs antigen negative variant of hepatitis B virus: ... of hepatitis B surface antigen epitopes present on variants and specifically recognized by anti-hepatitis B surface antigen ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/12/2/05-0038_article

"Australia antigen", later renamed HBsAg (for hepatitis B surface antigen), in patient blood [6]. HBeAg (hepatitis B e antigen) ... Milich D, Liang J. Exploring the biological basis of hepatitis B e antigen in hepatitis B virus infection. Hepatology. 2003 ;38 ... Antigenic determinants and functional domains in core antigen and e antigen from hepatitis B virus. J. Virol. 1989 ;63:798-808 ... Mutation preventing formation of the hepatitis B e antigen in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection. Lancet. 1989 ;2:588- ...

https://medsci.org/v02p0002.htm

CEL-SCIs Cel-1000 Shown to Significantly Enhance Immune Response Against Hepatitis B Antigen in Animals - read this article ... CEL-SCIs Cel-1000 Shown to Significantly Enhance Immune Response Against Hepatitis B Antigen in Animals. Published: May 01, ... It also has application for antigen sparing (reducing the amount/dose of antigen) required for protective immunity, and ... CEL-SCI CORPORATION announces that CEL-1000 alone increased the immune response against hepatitis B antigen, and that the ...

https://www.biospace.com/article/cel-sci-s-cel-1000-shown-to-significantly-enhance-immune-response-against-hepatitis-b-antigen-in-animals-/

... physician-initiated compassionate use of VBIs 3-antigen hepatitis B vaccine in four adults chronically infected with hepatitis ... VBIs vaccine is the only 3-antigen hepatitis B vaccine, comprised of the three hepatitis B surface antigens of the hepatitis B ... About Hepatitis B. Hepatitis B is one of the worlds most significant infectious disease threats with more than 290 million ... VBI Vaccines Announces Presentation of Physician-Initiated Compassionate Use Data of its 3-Antigen Hepatitis B Vaccine at the ...

https://finance.yahoo.com/news/vbi-vaccines-announces-presentation-physician-120000158.html

If you wish to reuse any or all of this article please use the link below which will take you to the Copyright Clearance Centers RightsLink service. You will be able to get a quick price and instant permission to reuse the content in many different ways.. ...

https://pmj.bmj.com/content/50/584/334.info

|p|肝炎是指肝脏的炎症状态。它通常由五种不相关的嗜肝病毒中的一种引起:甲型肝炎(

https://www.meridianbioscience.com/cn/lifescience/products/antibodies-antigens/viral-hepatitis/?country=US/

Occurrence of e antigen in acute hepatitis B. Message subject: (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from Journal of Clinical ...

https://jcp.bmj.com/content/31/5/501.2.share

Serum level of anti-hepatitis B surface antigen 10-12 years after hepatitis B vaccine at birth. Eastern Mediterranean Health ... Combined hepatitis B vaccines. Proceedings of the Viral Hepatitis Prevention Board meeting. St Julians, Malta, Viral Hepatitis ... Serum levels of hepatitis B surface antigen were determined in 277 randomly selected children aged 1-12 years. The response to ... Tissue Antigens, 1998, 51:593-604.. *Ramezani A et al. Is Any factor influence on hepatitis B vaccination response in ...

http://www.emro.who.int/fr/emhj-vol-19-2013/volume-19-numero-12/serum-level-of-anti-hepatitis-b-surface-antigen-after-vaccination-in-libya.html

Detection of hepatitis B surface antigen and transforming growth factor alpha in oval cells of nontumorous liver in patients ... Expression of hepatitis B surface and core antigens and transforming growth factor-alpha in oval cells of the liver in ... Co expression of transforming growth factor alpha and hepatitis b surface antigen in the same hepatocytes of human liver tissue ... Relationship of hepatitis B surface antigen to serum alpha-fetoprotein in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic ...

https://eurekamag.com/research/030/852/030852538.php

Youre reviewing:Hepatitis B Core Antigen (HBcAg) Antibody. Your Rating. 1 star 2 stars 3 stars 4 stars 5 stars ...

https://www.medixbiochemica.com/hepatitis-b-core-hm415.html

Recombinant Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) pre-S2 (,95%, 55-aa, ~4. 7kda). ... Hepatitis B Vaccine, Sci-B Reagents and ELISA kits *Recombinant Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) pre-S2 (>95%, 55-aa, ~4. ... Recombinant Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) pre-S2 (>95%, 55-aa, ~4. 7kda). Antigen. Purified Protein. ... Recombinant (E.Coli) Hepatitis B Surface Antigen pre-S1 (HBsAg) (119-aa, >95%, ~13 kda) ...

https://4adi.com/4adi/recombinant-hepatitis-b-surface-antigen-hbsag-pre-s2-95-55-aa-4-7kda-22649-p.html

Understanding early serum hepatitis D virus and hepatitis B surface antigen kinetics during pegylated interferon-alpha therapy ... Understanding early serum hepatitis D virus and hepatitis B surface antigen kinetics during pegylated interferon-alpha therapy ... Understanding early serum hepatitis D virus and hepatitis B surface antigen kinetics during pegylated interferon-alpha therapy ... Understanding early serum hepatitis D virus and hepatitis B surface antigen kinetics during pegylated interferon-alpha therapy ...

https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/understanding-early-serum-hepatitis-d-virus-and-hepatitis-b-surfa-3

Dive into the research topics of A recombinant measles virus expressing hepatitis B virus surface antigen induces humoral ... A recombinant measles virus expressing hepatitis B virus surface antigen induces humoral immune responses in genetically ...

https://mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/a-recombinant-measles-virus-expressing-hepatitis-b-virus-surface-/fingerprints/

... Dig Dis Sci. ... Aim: We aimed to study role of FMT in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive CHB patients in terms of its effect on HBeAg, ... Background: Intestinal flora plays a critical role in immunity against hepatitis B virus (HBV). Fecal Microbiota ... Transplantation (FMT) may be a potential immunomodulatory therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32279172/

Hepatitis B Antibodies Hepatitis B Surface Antigens Humans Institutionalization Intellectual Disability Liver Function Tests ... Hepatitis-B surface antigen and antibody: prevalence and persistence in institutionalized and noninstitutionalized persons.. ... A total of 426 persons were studied in an attempt to more clearly define the high prevalence of hepatitis-B surface antigen ( ... Hepatitis-B surface antigen and antibody: prevalence and persistence in institutionalized and noninstitutionalized persons. ...

https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/65540

... infection is characterised by the persistence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Expanding HBV diagnosis and treatment ... accuracy of available diagnostic tests to detect HBsAg to inform recommendations on testing strategies in 2017 WHO hepatitis ... Hepatitis B virus surface antigen and anti-hepatitis C virus rapid tests underestimate hepatitis prevalence among HIV-infected ... Evaluation of a new rapid test for the combined detection of hepatitis B virus surface antigen and hepatitis B virus e antigen ...

https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12879-017-2772-3

Subtypes of hepatitis B antigen. Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 1974 Jul; 41(318): 261-2. ...

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/80195

Viral hepatitis : report of a WHO meeting [held in Geneva from 8 to 11 October 1974] by WHO Meeting on Viral Hepatitis (1974: ... Hepatitis virica : informe de una reunion de la OMS [se reunio en Ginebra del 8 al 11 de octubre de 1974] by Reunion de la ... OMS sobre Hepatitis Virica (1974: Ginebra) , World Health Organization.. Series: Organizacion Mundial de la Salud. Serie de ...

https://kohahq.searo.who.int/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?q=su:%7BHepatitis%20B%20antigens.%7D

T1 - A delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin reaction to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and intradermal hepatitis B ... title = "A delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin reaction to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and intradermal hepatitis B ... A delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin reaction to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and intradermal hepatitis B ... A delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin reaction to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and intradermal hepatitis B ...

https://kyushu-u.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/a-delayed-type-hypersensitivity-dth-skin-reaction-to-hepatitis-b-

... test is an additional test to determine whether the chronic hepatitis B infection is active or inactive. ... What is Hepatitis B Envelope Antigen (HBeAg) Test ?. Hepatitis B Envelope Antigen (HBeAg) test is an additional test to ... Hepatitis B Envelope Antigen can be first detected at the initial phase of hepatitis B viral infection, soon after the ... appearance of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg). The levels of both these antigens rise rapidly during the viral replication ...

https://blog.thyrocare.com/hepatitis-b-envelope-antigen-hbeag/

The basic blood test for hepatitis B consists of three screening tests: a hepatitis B surface antigen test, which determines ... WCMS provides antigen testing that determines the presence of the Hepatitis B antigen in your body. For more information, read ... The screening test for hepatitis B surface antigens detects the presence of HBV in the blood. The antigens are detectable 4-10 ... Most adults who acquire HBV clear the virus within a few months, and their hepatitis B surface antigen test result will be ...

https://www.workcompms.net/product-page/hepatitis-b-surface-antigen

Assay is a qualitative enzyme immunoassay for the detection of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) in human serum and plasma.. ... Assay is a chemiluminescent immunoassay for the qualitative detection of hepatitis B surface antigen in human serum and plasma. ...

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TextPublication details: Geneva : World Health Organization, 1985. Description: 6 pSubject(s): Hepatitis B surface antigens , ... Proposed international reference preparation for hepatitis B surface antigen / by Morag Ferguson, Valerie Seagroatt and G. C. ...

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Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Test. A hepatitis B surface antigen test shows if youre contagious. A positive result means you ... What Is Hepatitis B. Hepatitis B is a serious liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus . For some people, hepatitis B ... What Does Hepatitis B Envelope Antigen Mean. HbsAg Test , What is Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ... Does Hepatitis B Show Up In Routine Blood Tests. Hepatitis B Serology: Surface Antigen (HBsAg), Surface Antibody (anti-HBs), ...

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Mutations that occur within the immunodominant epitopes of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) allow mutant virus to propagate in the presence of a neutralizing immune response, while wild-type virus is reduced to undetectable levels. (cdc.gov)
An understanding of immunoassay reactivity with HBsAg mutants is key to establishing an appropriate testing algorithm for hepatitis B virus detection programs. (cdc.gov)
This article addresses recent information concerning the emergence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) mutants, their impact on viral antigen presentation, latest prevalence data, and discussion of the issues associated with detection of mutants in healthcare settings. (cdc.gov)
The virus was first discovered as "Australia antigen", later renamed HBsAg (for hepatitis B surface antigen), in patient blood [ 6 ]. (medsci.org)
Hepatitis B patients also contain circulating antibodies against HBcAg (hepatitis B core antigen), and will develop antibodies against HBeAg and HBsAg (anti-HBe and anti-HBs) at later stages of infection. (medsci.org)
Recombinant Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) pre-S2 (>95%, 55-aa, ~4. (4adi.com)
There is little information on the early kinetics of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) during interferon-α therapy. (elsevier.com)
We aimed to study role of FMT in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive CHB patients in terms of its effect on HBeAg, HBsAg, and HBV DNA. (nih.gov)
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection is characterised by the persistence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). (biomedcentral.com)
The purpose of this review is to assess the clinical accuracy of available diagnostic tests to detect HBsAg to inform recommendations on testing strategies in 2017 WHO hepatitis testing guidelines. (biomedcentral.com)
Chronic HBV infection is defined as persistence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBSAg) for at least six months, and the testing strategy involves an initial serological test to detect HBsAg followed by nucleic-acid amplification test (NAT) for detection of HBV DNA viral load to help guide treatment decisions [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
A delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin reaction to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and intradermal hepatitis B vaccination. (elsevier.com)
The significance of a delayed type hypersensitivity skin reaction to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) (HBs-DTH) in type B viral hepatitis (VHB) and in intradermal hepatitis B (HB) vaccination is reviewed. (elsevier.com)
Hepatitis B Envelope Antigen can be first detected at the initial phase of hepatitis B viral infection , soon after the appearance of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg). (thyrocare.com)
Hepatitis B vaccine is made with the antigen HBsAg. (ganeshdiagnostic.com)
This means that the best diagnostic tests for acute hepatitis B infection would be to look for both HBsAg and anti-HBc IgM. (ganeshdiagnostic.com)
An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor has been prepared using an immunofunctionalized zirconium (Zr)-based metal-organic framework (MOF) with gold (Au) decoration [email protected](NH2) composite-coated glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the determination of infectious hepatitis B surface antigen ( HBsAg ). (bvsalud.org)
The HBsAg electrochemical immunosensing assay had good selectivity and excellent reproducibility, thereby indicating its significant potential in the super-fast diagnosis of hepatitis B . (bvsalud.org)
Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was employed as a model protein biomarker to demonstrate the analytical performance of the sensor in this study. (cdc.gov)
To assess infection status, blood samples were obtained for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), core antibody, and surface antibody testing. (cdc.gov)
HBV carriage status was determined by the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). (envirobiotechjournals.com)
Repeated reactive samples were confirmed by Enzyme linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA) kit (Span Diagnostic Ltd, India).Maternal HBV infectivity status was determined by testing all HBsAg positive samples for the presence of hepatitis Be Ag. (envirobiotechjournals.com)
In these investigations, a case of acute HBV infection was defined as seroconversion from hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative to HBsAg-positive in a hemodialysis patient during the exposure period defined in each investigation. (cdc.gov)
A susceptible patient was defined as a hemodialysis patient who was negative for HBsAg, antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs), and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc). (cdc.gov)
Besides the levels of serum HBV DNA and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) quantification is an emerging serological marker for viral replication. (e-cmh.org)
Unlike HBV DNA and HBsAg, HBcrAg is a covalently closed circular DNA-derived protein marker, consisting of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), p22cr, and hepatitis B core antigen. (e-cmh.org)
Recent data estimated that more than 257 million individuals worldwide are positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) [ 1 ]. (e-cmh.org)
So far, there are several serum quantitative markers for viral replication, including HBV DNA, HBsAg, and hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg). (e-cmh.org)
BUY Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg) Aluminium hydroxide gel (Bevac) 1 ml by Biological E limited at best price available. (gnhindia.com)
GNH India is WHO GDP and ISO 9001 2015 Certified Pharmaceutical Wholesaler/ Supplier/ Exporters/ Importer from India of Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg) Aluminium hydroxide gel (Bevac) which is also known as Bevac and Manufactured by Biological E limited . (gnhindia.com)
Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg) Aluminium hydroxide gel (Bevac) is supplied for Tenders/ Emergency imports/ Un - licensed, Specials, Orphan drug/ Name patient line/ RLD supplies/ Reference listed drugs/ Comparator Drug/ Bio-Similar/ Innovator samples For Clinical trials. (gnhindia.com)
Description: CD anti-HBs ELISA (Quantitative) kit is an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for in vitro quantitative determination of antibodies to hepatitis B virus surface antigen (anti-HBs) in human serum or plasma for clinical purposes and assessing antibody response levels to HBsAg-vaccine. (gentaurtop.com)
Infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers should receive hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine within 12 hours of birth, followed by the second and third doses of vaccine at 1 and 6 months of age, respectively. (cdc.gov)
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among the general population and the risk factors associated with HBV infection in Anhui province, China. (biomedcentral.com)
The 2010 targets of the China Hepatitis B Prevention Programme were a prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) less than 1.0% for children less than five years old and less than 6.0% for the total population. (who.int)
However, given the limited effect on covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), NA therapy rarely leads to a functional cure (defined as hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] loss with undetectable HBV DNA)[1-3]. (researchsquare.com)
Several HBV biomarkers, including HBV DNA, HBsAg titer, and hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg), have been used to monitor HBV chronic infection and antiviral therapy[6-10]. (researchsquare.com)

The core promoter mutants express less HBe antigen (HBeAg) through transcriptional down regulation, while precore mutants express truncated products. (medsci.org)
HBeAg (hepatitis B e antigen) was identified several years later as a marker for patients at high risk for transmission of the disease [ 20 ]. (medsci.org)
Molecular cloning and sequencing of the HBV genome led to the redefinition of the three HBV antigens as viral gene products endowed with specific functions in viral life cycle [for an in-depth review on the molecular biology of HBV, see ref. 13].The HBcAg and HBeAg are alternative translation products of the core gene, with HBeAg translation requiring an upstream precore region ATG codon (Fig. 2 ). (medsci.org)
Hepatitis B Envelope Antigen (HBeAg) test is an additional test to determine whether the chronic hepatitis B infection is active or inactive. (thyrocare.com)
The presence of HBeAg correlates with the increased number of Hepatitis B viruses in the blood. (thyrocare.com)
Methods: This retrospective post hoc analysis included nucleoside/nucleotide-naive, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive patients receiving entecavir (0.5 mg daily) in ETV-022 who had samples available for qHBsAg analysis through week 48. (eur.nl)
The study objective was to determine the sero-prevalence of HBs antigen (Ag) and HBeAg among pregnant women in the Ho municipality. (publichealthinafrica.org)
HBV has developed numerous mechanisms to escape these responses, including the production of the secreted hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), which has been shown to regulate antiviral toll-like receptor (TLR) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) signaling. (elsevier.com)
Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) is an important serological marker of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and is associated with higher levels of viremia, increased risk of infectivity to others and increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. (ghapp.org)
We analyzed HBeAg status in a large cohort of adults and children enrolled in Cohort Studies of the Hepatitis B Research Network, long-term natural history studies of chronic HBV infection. (ghapp.org)
Serum HBV RNA level has the potential to monitor antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B. This study aimed to explore serum HBV RNA dynamic change pattern and its predict value on the efficacy of 96 weeks nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) treatment in HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). (researchsquare.com)
In this work, we aimed to determine the early kinetics of serum HBV RNA in HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative patients and evaluate the performance of early-stage serum HBV RNA for monitoring NA therapy patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). (researchsquare.com)

Unvaccinated sex partners and household and needle-sharing contacts should be tested for susceptibility to HBV infection (see Appendix A, Prevaccination Serologic Testing for Susceptibility) and should receive the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine immediately after collection of blood for serologic testing. (cdc.gov)
VBI's vaccine is the only 3-antigen hepatitis B vaccine, comprised of the three hepatitis B surface antigens of the hepatitis B virus - S, pre-S1, and pre-S2. (yahoo.com)
This is because these antigens are not in the vaccine. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
The FDA approved the first three-antigen hepatitis B vaccine (PreHevbrio) to prevent infection from all known subtypes in adults, VBI Vaccines announced on Wednesday . (medpagetoday.com)
Approval for the recombinant vaccine -- which contains the S, pre-S1, and pre-S2 hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigens -- was based on data from two phase III trials that compared the safety and immunogenicity against the single-antigen Engerix-B vaccine. (medpagetoday.com)
As we work to implement the ACIP's new universal hepatitis B vaccine recommendation for all adults ages 19-59, as voted on in November, we benefit from having more tools, including this newly approved three-antigen hepatitis B vaccine," said Chari Cohen, DrPH, MPH, of the Hepatitis B Foundation, in a statement from VBI Vaccines's announcement. (medpagetoday.com)
Having more vaccine options will help us effectively expand vaccine uptake, ensure more people are protected from hepatitis B infection, and reach the 2030 goal of eliminating hepatitis B in the U.S.," she added. (medpagetoday.com)
Common adverse events with the three-antigen vaccine include injection site pain and tenderness, as well as systemic reactions such as fatigue, headache, and myalgia, "all which generally resolved without intervention in 1-2 days," VBI Vaccines stated. (medpagetoday.com)
There is a safe and effective hepatitis B vaccine that helps a person build immunity against HBV infection. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Learn more about hepatitis B, including what it means to have immunity and how the hepatitis B vaccine can provide immunity to some people. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The hepatitis B vaccine is a safe and effective way of helping to prevent hepatitis B infection. (medicalnewstoday.com)
People exposed to the virus may also receive the hepatitis B vaccine within 24 hours, which can prevent infection in some cases. (medicalnewstoday.com)
If adults did not receive hepatitis B vaccination at birth, the schedule consists of two, three, or four doses depending on their health and the vaccine type. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Learn more about the hepatitis B vaccine schedule here. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The hepatitis B vaccine is safe and well-studied. (medicalnewstoday.com)
In some rare cases, an individual may experience a severe allergic reaction to the hepatitis B vaccine. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Learn more about the safety considerations and side effects of the hepatitis B vaccine. (medicalnewstoday.com)
According to the Hepatitis B Foundation , if someone has HBV, their newborn must immediately receive the first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) within 12 hours of birth. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Pregnant people unsure of their vaccination status can safely receive the hepatitis B vaccine during pregnancy and breastfeeding or chestfeeding. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a global challenge, although there is currently a safe and effective vaccine available. (publichealthinafrica.org)
This vaccine is used for active immunization against Hepatitis B. (gnhindia.com)
Hepatitis A infection is a vaccine-preventable illness. (cdc.gov)
The best way to prevent hepatitis A infection is through vaccination with the hepatitis A vaccine. (cdc.gov)
However, both CDC and vaccine manufacturers continue to closely monitor ongoing demand for adult hepatitis A vaccine in the United States. (cdc.gov)
In the current study, we investigated how adjuvant frozen in the absence of antigen affects vaccine immunogenicity and whether preventing damage to the freeze-sensitive recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen (rHBsAg) was sufficient for maintaining vaccine potency. (elsevier.com)
This data provides evidence that protecting a freeze-labile antigen from subzero exposure is insufficient to maintain vaccine potency. (elsevier.com)
The vaccine used to treat hepatitis A is completely different from the immune globulin (IG) that most of you receive after an outbreak. (healthwatchcenter.com)
This vaccine provides protection for very long period and is generally given before you are exposed to hepatitis A. Often it is suggested for people who are at risk for infection and if you want to obtain immunity to hepatitis A. After taking the first dose of the vaccine, the protection against hepatitis A begins. (healthwatchcenter.com)
Hepatitis A vaccine is safe for those who suffer from the condition. (healthwatchcenter.com)
This vaccine protects against hepatitis A for 25 years in adults and at least 14-20 years in children. (healthwatchcenter.com)
If you have any chronic health conditions or you are a pregnant woman , then you should consult your doctor before getting the hepatitis vaccine. (healthwatchcenter.com)
Doctor's advice is must for everyone who is taking hepatitis A vaccine. (healthwatchcenter.com)
Till now there is no cure discovered for chronic hepatitis C nor there is any approved vaccine for this virus. (healthwatchcenter.com)
In spite of a vaccine available in 1982, the hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a serious global public health problem. (biomedcentral.com)
Since 2000, there have been at least 728 deaths reported to VAERS associated with the hepatitis B vaccine. (raisinghealthychildren.net)
With no other data, it is clear that unless the mother was infected with hepatitis B at the time of delivery, children face a greater risk from the hepatitis B vaccine than they do from contracting and dying from hepatitis B itself. (raisinghealthychildren.net)
The problem with this calculation, however, is that we simply do not know the true number of deaths attributable to the hepatitis B vaccine due to our faulty reporting system. (raisinghealthychildren.net)
It should be noted that hepatitis B vaccine includes high levels of aluminum adjuvants . (raisinghealthychildren.net)
According to the China Children Immunization Programme, a child must be vaccinated with three doses of the hepatitis B vaccine before reaching 12 months of age. (who.int)
By 2010, Lianyungang had completed the catch-up immunization of hepatitis B vaccine for children less than 15 years old. (who.int)
hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) decreases effects of BCG vaccine live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. (medscape.com)
hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) decreases effects of measles (rubeola) vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. (medscape.com)
If a person who has been exposed to hepatitis B virus gets the hepatitis B vaccine and/or a shot called "HBIG" (hepatitis B immune globulin) within 24 hours, then hepatitis B infection may be prevented. (cdc.gov)
To identify the age of presentation for the birth dose vaccines, vaccine antigens received and factors associated with vaccination presentation by day one in Northern Nigeria. (annalsofglobalhealth.org)
Data was collected using a questionnaire including the socio-demographic, antenatal care (ANC), delivery details, birth dates, vaccination presentation and birth vaccine antigens received. (annalsofglobalhealth.org)
The most frequently received antigen was theBacille-Calmette-Guerinby 1 781 infants (91.2%), oral polio vaccine 1 703 (87.2%), and hepatitis B vaccine birth dose the lowest at 75.1% (1 565). (annalsofglobalhealth.org)
An example of an existing subunit vaccine is the hepatitis B vaccine. (gavi.org)

Serum levels of hepatitis B surface antigen were determined in 277 randomly selected children aged 1-12 years. (who.int)
Hepatitis-B surface antigen and antibody: prevalence and persistence in institutionalized and noninstitutionalized persons. (cdc.gov)
Assay is a chemiluminescent immunoassay for the qualitative detection of hepatitis B surface antigen in human serum and plasma. (bloodworksnw.org)
The hepatitis B surface antibody is the antibody that is produced in response to hepatitis B surface antigen , a protein present on the surface of the hepatitis B virus. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
Normal results are negative or nonreactive, meaning that no hepatitis B surface antigen was found. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
Rabbit anti hepatitis B surface antigen antibody ( OBT0990 ) used for the evaluation of hepatitis B surface antigen in infected cell cultures by western blotting. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
Rabbit anti hepatitis B surface antigen antibody ( OBT0990 ) used for the detection of hepatitis b surface antigen in infected mouse liver by immunohistochemistry on formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
Proposed international reference preparation for hepatitis B surface antigen / by Morag Ferguson, Valerie Seagroatt and G. C. Schild. (who.int)
The objective of this study was to know the frequency of the surface antigen of hepatitis B and determine the post-vaccination antibodies against hepatitis in women of reproductive age, hospitalized in a psychiatric hospital of the Ministry of Public Health and Social Welfare of Asunción, Paraguay. (una.py)
Serum Level of Anti-Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Among Students in Guilan, Iran', International Journal of School Health , 2(4), pp. 42-44. (ac.ir)
Hepatitis B virus surface protein can be found in high concentrations in serum after acute or chronic hepatitis B virus infection. (ganeshdiagnostic.com)
[email protected] metal-organic framework composite as an immunosensing platform for determination of hepatitis B virus surface antigen. (bvsalud.org)
Antigenicity of the preS2 region of hepatitis B surface antigen was characterized by site-directed mutagenesis. (kribb.re.kr)
Rheumatologists should treat RA patients positive for hepatitis B surface (HBs) antigen in collaboration with a hepatologist. (medscape.com)
Vietnam veterans had higher prevalences of stool occult blood, left ventricular hypertrophy, hepatitis-B surface antigen, and hearing loss than nonVietnam veterans. (cdc.gov)
Antigens from any of the hepatitis viruses including surface, core, and other associated antigens. (bvsalud.org)
Hepatitis B surface antigen is produced in tobacco, rabies virus glycoprotein is produced in tomato, cholera toxin P-subunit is being produced in potato and tobacco. (biologydiscussion.com)
The with hepatitis B virus, and between 130 and 150 million prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen is reported to be people globally have chronic hepatitis C infection (1 , 2) . (who.int)
In Pakistan, every year, the overwhelming majority as a result of the 2.2% and 4.2% of blood donors are reported to be positive consequences of chronic infection: cirrhosis and primary for hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C antibodies liver cancer (3 , 4) . (who.int)
C antibodies and 3.5% for hepatitis B surface antigen in complications (5) . (who.int)
5.6% had positive findings for both antibodies, 5.6% had findings for antibody to hepatitis B surface antigens alone, and 1.3% had positive findings for antibody to hepatitis B core antigens alone. (wustl.edu)
The group with positive findings for antibody to hepatitis B surface antigens alone did not have traditional risk factors for HBV infection, suggesting that this serologic finding may not be a reliable indicator of past HBV infection. (wustl.edu)
Antibodies perform their function by recognizing antigens on the surface of the microbe which identifies it as a foreign object. (kaberaglobal.com)
In the case of COVID-19, the antigen is typically the characteristic spike protein found on the surface of the virus, which it normally uses to help it invade human cells. (gavi.org)
Purification and molecular cloning of the APO-1 cell surface antigen, a member of the tumor necrosis factor/nerve growth factor receptor superfamily. (smpdb.ca)

8%). During delivery of recommended hepatitis B vaccination services (e.g. (cdc.gov)
ABSTRACT The hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination schedule in Libya follows international recommendations (1st dose at birth, 2nd after 1 month and 3rd after 6 months). (who.int)
RÉSUMÉ Le calendrier de vaccination contre le virus de l'hépatite B en Libye suit les recommandations internationales (première dose à la naissance, deuxième dose un mois après et troisième dose six mois après). (who.int)
It can also be produced in response to hepatitis B vaccination. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
Other hepatitis B antibodies are not produced in response to vaccination. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
These tests allow the healthcare provider to know whether you could benefit from vaccination, or if you have active or chronic hepatitis B and need counseling, care, or treatment. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
However, some individuals can build immunity to hepatitis B through vaccination. (medicalnewstoday.com)
All infants, children, and adults should receive hepatitis B vaccination. (medicalnewstoday.com)
20% of all hepatitis A cases reported to CDC, but no large outbreaks have occurred among persons who use drugs since adoption of the recommendation for hepatitis A vaccination of persons who use injection and non-injection drugs was made in 1996. (cdc.gov)
In order to prevent hepatitis A, vaccination is an important method. (healthwatchcenter.com)
En conséquence, un programme de vaccination pourrait s'imposer comme une nouvelle stratégie de lutte contre la maladie dans la wilaya de Sétif. (bvsalud.org)
By then, China had fully integrated hepatitis B vaccination as part of its routine immunization for infants. (biomedcentral.com)
To evaluate whether the impact of the hepatitis B vaccination program since 1992 in Anhui province is similar to the rest of the country, this paper examined an updated Hepatitis B serosurvey to (1) measure the prevalence of hepatitis B among the general population and (2) determine the ongoing risk factors for hepatitis B infection. (biomedcentral.com)
According to the CDC , only 90-95% of people develop antibodies to hepatitis B post-vaccination (full series) and have positive antibody titers for 30+ years. (raisinghealthychildren.net)
free hepatitis B vaccination for newborn infants was carried out in 2001. (who.int)
The target groups were those who had not completed a three-dose vaccination series or who had never received hepatitis B immunization. (who.int)
Hepatitis A/B antigen and antibody report issued in last 3 months must be presented prior to Hepatitis A/HepatitisB/Hepatitis A&B vaccination. (esdlife.com)

efgartigimod alfa will decrease the level or effect of hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) by receptor binding competition. (medscape.com)

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) chronically infects 300 million people worldwide, and increases their risk to develop hepatocellular carcinoma by a hundred fold [ 3 ]. (medsci.org)
Patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are at risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and serum markers reflecting viral replication are potential predictors for HCC development. (e-cmh.org)
Long-term nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) treatment can improve liver inflammation, ameliorate the development of liver fibrosis, and reduce the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through efficient suppression of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication. (researchsquare.com)

Co-infection with hepatitis D virus (HDV) in persons with acute or chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can lead to fulminant hepatitis. (cdc.gov)
The core promoter mutants have been associated with the development of fulminant hepatitis during acute infection and liver cancer during chronic infection. (medsci.org)
2 Severe infections can result in cholestatic hepatitis, relapsing hepatitis, and fulminant hepatitis leading to death. (cdc.gov)
Perinatal hepatitis B in the newborn may range from asymptomatic to fulminant hepatitis. (cdc.gov)

It also has application for antigen sparing (reducing the amount/dose of antigen) required for protective immunity, and application to biodefense and pandemic settings for anti-infectious vaccines. (biospace.com)
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection continues to be a major public health issue worldwide, although safe and effective vaccines are available for more than 3 decades. (e-cmh.org)
The vaccines were characterized for antigen adsorption, rHBsAg tertiary structure, particle size and charge, adjuvant elemental content and in-vivo potency. (elsevier.com)
Antigens for use in vaccines to protect against. (appliedbiotech.org)
Nucleic acid vaccines use genetic material - either RNA or DNA - to provide cells with the instructions to make the antigen. (gavi.org)
Viral vector vaccines also work by giving cells genetic instructions to produce antigens. (gavi.org)
As with nucleic acid vaccines, our own cellular machinery is hijacked to produce the antigen from those instructions, in order to trigger an immune response. (gavi.org)

Hepatitis viruses constitute a major public health problem because of the morbidity and mortality associated with the acute and chronic consequences of these infections. (cdc.gov)
In addition, NHANES provides the means to better define the epidemiology of other hepatitis viruses. (cdc.gov)
NHANES testing for markers of infection with hepatitis viruses will be used to determine secular trends in infection rates across most age and racial/ethnic groups, and will provide a national picture of the epidemiologic determinants of these infections. (cdc.gov)
Different hepatitis viruses have been given different names, such as A, B, and C. (va.gov)
HCV is one of the three viruses that causes hepatitis. (dnafamilycheck.com)
Types of Hepatitis Viruses And How They Affect On Your Liver Tissues! (healthwatchcenter.com)
The main reason for this disease is group of hepatitis viruses which cause liver damage. (healthwatchcenter.com)
Hepatitis viruses are from A to G and some other viruses include cytomegalovirus, Epstein - Barr virus, yellow fever, etc. (healthwatchcenter.com)
Yet, the burden of disease as a consequence of hepatitis B and C infections in the blood donor populations infection with hepatitis B and C viruses is preventable. (who.int)
States of the World Health Organization to develop and donations are screened for hepatitis B and C viruses implement national strategies for preventing, diagnosing, using enzyme-linked immunoassays. (who.int)
pylori protocol than the the following "A lot of these viruses and to develop a fungal exposed to hepatitis A and have not been it might be ringworm, at where To Order Generic Xifaxan New York risk of to undergo a corneal. (impelits.com)

Chronic hepatitis B virus infection is a long-term illness that occurs when the virus remains in a person's body. (va.gov)

ABSTRACT Hepatitis virus B is transmitted by various routes including blood, vertical and sexual routes. (una.py)
abstract = "Background: Entecavir is a potent nucleoside analogue for treating chronic hepatitis B (CHB). (eur.nl)
abstract = "The mechanisms by which hepatitis B virus (HBV) establishes and maintains chronic hepatitis B infection (CHB) are poorly defined. (elsevier.com)

Blood London have been providing Hepatitis Delta Antigen on a self-referral basis to patients in Central and Greater London for over 20 years. (blood.london)
Nuclear export signal-interacting protein forms complexes with lamin A/C-Nups to mediate the CRM1-independent nuclear export of large hepatitis delta antigen. (medlineplus.gov)

Persons with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are at high risk for chronic liver disease and are a major reservoir of HBV infection. (cdc.gov)
The hepatitis B virus infects the liver (HBV). (ganeshdiagnostic.com)
The hepatitis D virus can cause liver disease, although infection is rare and requires co-infection with a related virus called hepatitis B. (medlineplus.gov)
A hepatitis virus is one that lives in liver cells and causes inflammation. (va.gov)
Hepatitis B medications are recommended for patients with detected HBV virus (also known as hepatitis B viral load) on a blood test and evidence of liver damage. (va.gov)
Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is life threatening and may lead to acute and chronic liver diseases (1) including cancer and cirrhosis (2). (cdc.gov)
Hepatitis B is a liver infection caused by HBV. (medicalnewstoday.com)
However, hepatitis B infection can become long term for others and lead to serious health problems, such as liver cirrhosis and cancer. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Hepatitis B is a viral infection that attack liver and its is transmitted through blood and other body fluids. (gnhindia.com)
however, when this disease affects populations with already poor health (e.g., hepatitis B and C infections, chronic liver disease), infection can lead to serious outcomes, including death. (cdc.gov)
Hepatitis results in inflammation and damage to the liver. (dnafamilycheck.com)
Hepatitis is a liver disease which occurs due to the presence of inflammatory cells in your liver tissue. (healthwatchcenter.com)
Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) that affects the liver. (raisinghealthychildren.net)
Hepatitis B is a contagious liver disease that ranges in severity from a mild illness lasting a few weeks to a serious, lifelong illness. (cdc.gov)
Rat liver sections and the human epithelial cell line HEp-2 were compared as substrates for the detection of canine ANA using the indirect immunofluorescence (HF) technique. (slu.se)
The HEp-2 cell substrate was found to be superior to rat liver cryostate sections as ANA substrate for canine sera because of their low reactivity with normal sera and the ease of discernment of ANA fluorescence patterns in positive samples. (slu.se)

This involves the reaction of anti-HBc in the sample with hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) coated wells. (cdc.gov)

This protein interacts with a region called the nuclear export signal (NES) of a protein that forms a piece of the hepatitis D virus. (medlineplus.gov)
Once this genetic material gets into human cells, it uses our cells' protein factories to make the antigen that will trigger an immune response. (gavi.org)

This Health Alert Network (HAN) Advisory alerts public health departments, healthcare facilities, and programs providing services to affected populations about these outbreaks of hepatitis A infections and provides guidance to assist in identifying and preventing new infections. (cdc.gov)
From January 2017 to April 2018, CDC has received more than 2,500 reports of hepatitis A infections associated with person-to-person transmission from multiple states. (cdc.gov)
12,13 Outbreaks of hepatitis A infections among homeless persons have occurred in other countries, but large outbreaks among the homeless have not been described previously in the United States. (cdc.gov)
The burden of hepatitis infection in Death and disability from hepatitis B or C infections the Region among blood donors is not limited to Egypt are preventable through prevention of new infections and Pakistan. (who.int)
The use of unsafe blood and blood products is one of from low-risk populations, and quality assured testing the ways hepatitis B and C infections are transmitted. (who.int)
It can be used at home, by healthcare professionals at the point-of-care and or at home using a virtually guided service for the detection of antigens that form in the early stage of active infections. (abbott.com)

We demonstrated that virologic markers of HBV disease activity (hepatitis B e antigen status or HBV DNA level) are associated with HLA-A genotype. (ox.ac.uk)
5 As the reported incidence of hepatitis B does not represent the prevalence for positive hepatitis B markers, it was necessary to conduct a sero-epidemiological study to assess the prevalence of positive hepatitis B markers among residents of Lianyungang. (who.int)
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of positive hepatitis B markers in Lianyungang and assessed whether the national targets for 2010 were achieved. (who.int)
Most also indicated a higher prevalence of these markers in people with hepatitis C can be cured with direct-acting replacement and/or directed donors as compared to the prevalence in voluntary, unpaid blood donors (17) . (who.int)

antibodies against hepatitis B. (una.py)
This test looks for the presence or absence of antibodies against hepatitis C (anti-HCV) in your blood. (dnafamilycheck.com)

Some of them try to smuggle the antigen into the body, others use the body's own cells to make the viral antigen. (gavi.org)

They reside in tissues to activate both T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes that recognize foreign antigens. (kaberaglobal.com)

We now assess this strategy in humans, using chimpanzee adenovirus 3 and modified vaccinia Ankara vectors encoding human Ii fused to the nonstructural (NS) antigens of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in a heterologous prime/boost regimen. (ox.ac.uk)

Hepatitis B is one of the world's most significant infectious disease threats with more than 290 million people infected globally. (yahoo.com)
VBI is committed to targeting and overcoming significant infectious diseases, including hepatitis B, coronaviruses, and cytomegalovirus (CMV), as well as aggressive cancers including glioblastoma (GBM). (yahoo.com)
The hepatitis B virus is 10 times more widespread and 100 times more infectious than AIDS. (healthwatchcenter.com)
Hepatitis B is one of the most common infectious diseases in China. (biomedcentral.com)
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection, a common cause of acute infectious hepatitis with acute cholestasis, has been associated with renal manifestations such as acute tubular necrosis (ATN) and glomerulonephritis, but the current literature is scant on acute HEV infection causing cholemic nephrosis with AKI. (indianjnephrol.org)

Outcomes of chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) are varied, with increased morbidity reported in the context of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection. (ox.ac.uk)

Antigen specificity of antineutrophil antibodies in ulcerative colitis, primary sclerosing and autoimmune hepatitis. (ox.ac.uk)

The CDC states that around 90% of babies with hepatitis B can develop chronic infection, while 2-6% of adults become chronically infected. (medicalnewstoday.com)
There are approved drugs for adults and children that help control the hepatitis B virus, such as antivirals. (medicalnewstoday.com)
HLA-A is a Predictor of Hepatitis B e Antigen Status in HIV-Positive African Adults. (ox.ac.uk)
Immunization programs should continue to focus on adults, and interventions should be taken to reduce risk factors associated with being infected with Hepatitis B. (biomedcentral.com)
Although a majority of adults develop symptoms from acute hepatitis B virus infection, many young children do not. (cdc.gov)

Symptoms of hepatitis B may not appear for 3 months after exposure. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
This at-home test is suitable for individuals who suspect an exposure to the hepatitis C virus (HCV). (dnafamilycheck.com)
Hepatitis C antibodies are generally detectable 8-11 weeks after an exposure to the virus. (dnafamilycheck.com)
Only for short-term, IG can be used and it helps in boosting your immune system to keep you away from getting sick and with hepatitis A after exposure. (healthwatchcenter.com)

Over the past decade, the importance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) mutants has made a transition from an academic phenomenon of unknown prevalence to a factor for consideration during disease diagnosis. (cdc.gov)

We assessed the performance of a novel immunoassay, HBV core-related antigen (HBcrAg), as a low-cost (less than US $15/assay) alternative to nucleic acid testing to indicate clinically important high viremia in chronic HBV patients infected with different genotypes. (elsevier.com)
The hepatitis B core antigen (IgM anti-HBc) Test cost varies by region and facility. (ganeshdiagnostic.com)

Hepatitis B can be transmitted from a birthing parent to a newborn infant. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
In fact, 90% of mothers with an acute hepatitis B infection and 10% to 20% of mothers with chronic hepatitis B will transmit the virus to their newborn, estimates the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists . (hepatitisprohelp.com)

New immunization strategies have been developed to eliminate the spread of HBV and hepatitis A virus (HAV) in the United States. (cdc.gov)
The seroprevalence of anti-hepatitis A antibodies (corresponding to the immunization rate) was 100% in Sétif, in people aged between 10 and 14 years in 1986. (bvsalud.org)
1992 was also the year that the Ministry of Health recommended a nationwide hepatitis B routine immunization [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
China launched a hepatitis B catch-up immunization programme among children less than 15 years old in 2009. (who.int)

More than 300 million people worldwide are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). (medsci.org)
An estimated 257 million individuals worldwide are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), of whom 2.7 million are co-infected with HIV [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The younger a person is when infected with hepatitis B virus, the greater his or her chance of developing chronic hepatitis B. Approximately 90 percent of infected infants will develop chronic infection. (cdc.gov)

Many people with chronic hepatitis B virus infection do not know they are infected since they do not feel or look sick. (cdc.gov)

Priority and potential strategy for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) dual infection. (medscape.com)
19. Trevelyan MR. The prosthetic treatment of hepatitis B antigen positive patients. (bvsalud.org)

The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) carrier and infectivity status among 762 pregnant women in Krishnagiri district, TamilNadu, were determined through random testing of volunteers antenatal clinics through different hospitals with in the krishnagiri district. (envirobiotechjournals.com)
This survey assessed the prevalence of Hepatitis B infection in Lianyungang, Jiangsu province, China in 2009-2010. (who.int)

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) may be a potential immunomodulatory therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). (nih.gov)
Should all patients with chronic hepatitis B be on treatment? (va.gov)

Anatomy1

Organisms9

Diseases18

Chemicals and Drugs34

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Phenomena and Processes9

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Health Care7

Geographicals1

Core promoter mutations and genotypes in relation to viral replication and liver damage in East Asian hepatitis B virus carriers. (1/743)

Hepatitis B vaccination in high-risk infants: 10-year follow-up. (2/743)

Quantitative analysis of hepatitis B virus precore mutant in hepatitis type B. (3/743)

Hepatitis B surface antigen disappearance and hepatitis B surface antigen subtype: a prospective, long-term, follow-up study of Japanese residents of Okinawa, Japan with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. (4/743)

Specific vaccine therapy in chronic hepatitis B: induction of T cell proliferative responses specific for envelope antigens. (5/743)

Combinatorial screening and intracellular antiviral activity of hairpin ribozymes directed against hepatitis B virus. (6/743)

Markedly high seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in comparison to hepatitis C virus and human T lymphotropic virus type-1 infections in selected Solomon Islands populations. (7/743)

Dual efficacy of lamivudine treatment in human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis B virus-coinfected persons in a randomized, controlled study (CAESAR). The CAESAR Coordinating Committee. (8/743)

Hepatitis B e Antigens

Hepatitis B virus

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B, Chronic

Hepatitis B Surface Antigens

Hepatitis B Antigens

Hepatitis B Core Antigens

Hepatitis B Antibodies

Lamivudine

Hepatitis B Vaccines

DNA, Viral

Antiviral Agents

Alanine Transaminase

Carrier State

Hepatitis, Chronic

Organophosphonates

Hepatitis C

Adenine

Hepatitis A

Interferon-alpha

Viral Load

Liver Cirrhosis

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular

Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical

Antigens

Genotype

Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Drug Resistance, Viral

Liver Neoplasms

Hepatitis

Pregnancy Complications, Infectious

Nucleosides

Liver

Hepatitis, Viral, Human

Hepatitis C, Chronic

Virus Replication

Guanine

Molecular Sequence Data

Polyethylene Glycols

Mutation

Hepatitis A virus

Hepatitis B Virus, Duck

Hepatitis Viruses

Treatment Outcome

Recombinant Proteins

Hepatitis Antibodies

Antigens, Bacterial

Hepacivirus

Base Sequence

Hepatitis A Vaccines

Chronic Disease

China

Hepatitis C Antibodies

Antigens, Neoplasm

Drug Therapy, Combination

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Hepatitis, Viral, Animal

Hepatitis D

Antigens, Surface

Viral Hepatitis Vaccines

Antigens, Viral

Time Factors

Follow-Up Studies

Hepatitis Delta Virus

Hepatitis E

Hepatitis A Antibodies

Hepatitis E virus

Hepatitis, Autoimmune

Seroepidemiologic Studies

Prospective Studies

Retrospective Studies

Hepatitis A Virus, Human

Biological Markers

Pregnancy

RNA, Viral

Hepatitis, Animal

Amino Acid Sequence

Viral Core Proteins

Hepatitis B Virus, Woodchuck

Hepatitis delta Antigens