Heart Ventricles
Myocardium
Cerebral Ventricles
Third Ventricle
Fourth Ventricle
Heart Failure
Lateral Ventricles
Heart Defects, Congenital
Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms
Heart Diseases
Fetal Heart
Heart Valves
Ventricular Function, Left
Heart Block
Echocardiography
Hemodynamics
Dogs
Myocytes, Cardiac
Heart Septum
Cardiomegaly
Ventricular Function, Right
Stroke Volume
Myocardial Ischemia
Phasic right coronary artery blood flow in conscious dogs with normal and elevated right ventricular pressures. (1/10358)
We studied phasic right coronary blood flow in well trained normal dogs and dogs with pulmonic stenosis. We installed electromagnetic flow transducers and pressure tubes under anesthesia to monitor right coronary blood flow, cardiac output, central aortic blood pressure, and right ventribular pressure. In normotensive dogs, systolic flow amplitude equaled early diastolic flow levels. The ratio of systolic to diastolic flow at rest was substantially greater in the right coronary bed (36+/-1.3%) than in the left circumflex bed (13+/-3.6%). Right diastolid flow runoff, including the cove late in diastole, resembled left circumflex runoff. Blood flow to the normotensive right (37+/-1.1 ml/min 100(-1) g) and the left (35+/-1.0 ml/min(-1) g) ventricular myocardium indicated equal perfusion of both cardiac walls. Throttling of systolic flow was related directly to the right ventricular systolic pressure level in the dogs with pulmonic stenosis. Retrograde systolic flow occurred in severe right ventricular hypertension. The late diastolic runoff pattern in dogs with pulmonic stenosis appeared the same as for the normotensive dogs. We obtained systolic to diastolic flow ratios of 1/3 the value of normotensive hearts in high and severe pulmonic hypertension. Electrocardiograms and studies of pathology suggested restricted blood flow to the inner layers of the right myocardium in the dogs with severe and high right ventricular hypertension. Normotensive and hypertensive peak hyperemic flow responses were similar, except for an increased magnitude of diastolic flow, with proportionately less systolic flow in hypertensive states. (+info)Regulation of chamber-specific gene expression in the developing heart by Irx4. (2/10358)
The vertebrate heart consists of two types of chambers, the atria and the ventricles, which differ in their contractile and electrophysiological properties. Little is known of the molecular mechanisms by which these chambers are specified during embryogenesis. Here a chicken iroquois-related homeobox gene, Irx4, was identified that has a ventricle-restricted expression pattern at all stages of heart development. Irx4 protein was shown to regulate the chamber-specific expression of myosin isoforms by activating the expression of the ventricle myosin heavy chain-1 (VMHC1) and suppressing the expression of the atrial myosin heavy chain-1 (AMHC1) in the ventricles. Thus, Irx4 may play a critical role in establishing chamber-specific gene expression in the developing heart. (+info)Insulin-like growth factor-1 induces Mdm2 and down-regulates p53, attenuating the myocyte renin-angiotensin system and stretch-mediated apoptosis. (3/10358)
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 inhibits apoptosis, but its mechanism is unknown. Myocyte stretching activates p53 and p53-dependent genes, leading to the formation of angiotensin II (Ang II) and apoptosis. Therefore, this in vitro system was used to determine whether IGF-1 interfered with p53 function and the local renin-angiotensin system (RAS), decreasing stretch-induced cell death. A single dose of 200 ng/ml IGF-1 at the time of stretching decreased myocyte apoptosis 43% and 61% at 6 and 20 hours. Ang II concentration was reduced 52% at 20 hours. Additionally, p53 DNA binding to angiotensinogen (Aogen), AT1 receptor, and Bax was markedly down-regulated by IGF-1 via the induction of Mdm2 and the formation of Mdm2-p53 complexes. Concurrently, the quantity of p53, Aogen, renin, AT1 receptor, and Bax was reduced in stretched myocytes exposed to IGF-1. Conversely, Bcl-2 and the Bcl-2-to-Bax protein ratio increased. The effects of IGF-1 on cell death, Ang II synthesis, and Bax protein were the consequence of Mdm2-induced down-regulation of p53 function. In conclusion, the anti-apoptotic impact of IGF-1 on stretched myocytes was mediated by its capacity to depress p53 transcriptional activity, which limited Ang II formation and attenuated the susceptibility of myocytes to trigger their endogenous cell death pathway. (+info)Adenoviral gene transfer of the human V2 vasopressin receptor improves contractile force of rat cardiomyocytes. (4/10358)
BACKGROUND: In congestive heart failure, high systemic levels of the hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP) result in vasoconstriction and reduced cardiac contractility. These effects are mediated by the V1 vasopressin receptor (V1R) coupled to phospholipase C beta-isoforms. The V2 vasopressin receptor (V2R), which promotes activation of the Gs/adenylyl cyclase system, is physiologically expressed in the kidney but not in the myocardium. Expression of a recombinant V2R (rV2R) in the myocardium could result in a positive inotropic effect via the endogenous high concentrations of AVP in heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS: A recombinant adenovirus encoding the human V2R (Ad-V2R) was tested for its ability to modulate the cardiac Gs/adenylyl cyclase system and to potentiate contractile force in rat ventricular cardiomyocytes and in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Ad-V2R infection resulted in a virus concentration-dependent expression of the transgene and led to a marked increase in cAMP formation in rV2R-expressing cardiomyocytes after exposure to AVP. Single-cell shortening measurements showed a significant agonist-induced contraction amplitude enhancement, which was blocked by the V2R antagonist, SR 121463A. Pretreatment of Ad-V2R-infected cardiomyocytes with AVP led to desensitization of the rV2R after short-term agonist exposure but did not lead to further loss of receptor function or density after long-term agonist incubation, thus demonstrating resistance of the rV2R to downregulation. CONCLUSIONS: Adenoviral gene transfer of the V2R in cardiomyocytes can modulate the endogenous adenylyl cyclase-signal transduction cascade and can potentiate contraction amplitude in cardiomyocytes. Heterologous expression of cAMP-forming receptors in the myocardium could lead to novel strategies in congestive heart failure by bypassing the desensitized beta-adrenergic receptor signaling. (+info)An inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase protects neonatal cardiac myocytes from ischemia. (5/10358)
Cellular ischemia results in activation of a number of kinases, including p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK); however, it is not yet clear whether p38 MAPK activation plays a role in cellular damage or is part of a protective response against ischemia. We have developed a model to study ischemia in cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. In this model, two distinct phases of p38 MAPK activation were observed during ischemia. The first phase began within 10 min and lasted less than 1 h, and the second began after 2 h and lasted throughout the ischemic period. Similar to previous studies using in vivo models, the nonspecific activator of p38 MAPK and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, anisomycin, protected cardiac myocytes from ischemic injury, decreasing the release of cytosolic lactate dehydrogenase by approximately 25%. We demonstrated, however, that a selective inhibitor of p38 MAPK, SB 203580, also protected cardiac myocytes against extended ischemia in a dose-dependent manner. The protective effect was seen even when the inhibitor was present during only the second, sustained phase of p38 MAPK activation. We found that ischemia induced apoptosis in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes and that SB 203580 reduced activation of caspase-3, a key event in apoptosis. These results suggest that p38 MAPK induces apoptosis during ischemia in cardiac myocytes and that selective inhibition of p38 MAPK could be developed as a potential therapy for ischemic heart disease. (+info)Taurine modulates I(Kr) but I(Ks) in guinea-pig ventricular cardiomyocytes. (6/10358)
1. Effects of taurine on the delayed rectifier K+ current (I(K)) in isolated guinea-pig ventricular cardiomyocytes were examined at different intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), using whole-cell voltage and current clamp techniques. Experiments were performed at 36 degrees C. 2. Addition of taurine (10-20 mM) decreased the action potential duration (APD) at pCa 8, but increased the APD at pCa 6. Taurine (20 mM) enhanced I(K) at 70 mV by 22.4 +/- 3.1% (n = 6, P < 0.01) at pCa 8, whereas taurine inhibited the I(K) by 27.1 +/- 2.7% (n = 6, P < 0.01) at pCa 6. These responses behaved in a concentration-dependent manner. 3. The I(K) is composed of the rapid and slow components (I(Kr) and I(Ks)). When [Ca2+]i was pCa 6, taurine at 20 mM reduced the tail current of I(Kr) at 70 mV by 16.5 +/- 2.7% (n = 5, P < 0.05) and that of I(Ks) at 70 mV by 27.1 +/- 2.8% (n = 6, P < 0.01). In contrast, at pCa 8, the tail currents of I(Kr) and I(Ks) at 70 mV were enhanced by 13.4 +/- 3.2% (n = 7, P < 0.05) and by 22.4 +/- 3.1% (n = 7, P < 0.01), respectively. The voltages of half-maximum activation (V1/2) for I(Kr) and I(Ks) were not modified by taurine. 4. Addition of E-4031 (5 microM) to taurine had a complete blockade of the tail current of I(Kr), but not I(Ks). The remained tail current (I(Ks)) in the presence of E-4031 (5 microM) was not affected by taurine (20 mM), but was blocked by 293B (30 microM). 5. These results indicate that taurine modulates I(Kr) but not I(Ks), depending on [Ca2+]i, resulting in regulation of the APD. (+info)A comparison of an A1 adenosine receptor agonist (CVT-510) with diltiazem for slowing of AV nodal conduction in guinea-pig. (7/10358)
1. The purpose of this study was to compare the pharmacological properties (i.e. the AV nodal depressant, vasodilator, and inotropic effects) of two AV nodal blocking agents belonging to different drug classes; a novel A1 adenosine receptor (A1 receptor) agonist, N-(3(R)-tetrahydrofuranyl)-6-aminopurine riboside (CVT-510), and the prototypical calcium channel blocker diltiazem. 2. In the atrial-paced isolated heart, CVT-510 was approximately 5 fold more potent to prolong the stimulus-to-His bundle (S-H interval), a measure of slowing AV nodal conduction (EC50 = 41 nM) than to increase coronary conductance (EC50 = 200 nM). At concentrations of CVT-510 (40 nM) and diltiazem (1 microM) that caused equal prolongation of S-H interval (approximately 10 ms), diltiazem, but not CVT-510, significantly reduced left ventricular developed pressure (LVP) and markedly increased coronary conductance. CVT-510 shortened atrial (EC50 = 73 nM) but not the ventricular monophasic action potentials (MAP). 3. In atrial-paced anaesthetized guinea-pigs, intravenous infusions of CVT-510 and diltiazem caused nearly equal prolongations of P-R interval. However, diltiazem, but not CVT-510, significantly reduced mean arterial blood pressure. 4. Both CVT-510 and diltiazem prolonged S-H interval, i.e., slowed AV nodal conduction. However, the A1 receptor-selective agonist CVT-510 did so without causing the negative inotropic, vasodilator, and hypotensive effects associated with diltiazem. Because CVT-510 did not affect the ventricular action potential, it is unlikely that this agonist will have a proarrythmic action in ventricular myocardium. (+info)Effects of tumour necrosis factor-alpha on left ventricular function in the rat isolated perfused heart: possible mechanisms for a decline in cardiac function. (8/10358)
1. The cardiac depressant actions of TNF were investigated in the isolated perfused rat heart under constant flow (10 ml min(-1)) and constant pressure (70 mmHg) conditions, using a recirculating (50 ml) mode of perfusion. 2. Under constant flow conditions TNF (20 ng ml(-1)) caused an early (< 25 min) decrease in left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), which was maintained for 90 min (LVDP after 90 min: control vs TNF; 110 +/- 4 vs 82 +/- 10 mmHg, P < 0.01). 3. The depression in cardiac function seen with TNF under constant flow conditions, was blocked by the ceramidase inhibitor N-oleoylethanolamine (NOE), 1 microM, (LVDP after 90 min: TNF vs TNF with NOE; 82 +/- 10 vs 11 +/- 5 mmHg, P < 0.05). 4. In hearts perfused at constant pressure, TNF caused a decrease in coronary flow rate (change in flow 20 min after TNF: control vs TNF; -3.0 +/- 0.9 vs -8.7 +/- 1.2 ml min(-1), P < 0.01). This was paralleled by a negative inotropic effect (change in LVDP 20 min after TNF: control vs TNF; -17 +/- 7 vs -46 +/- 6 mmHg, P < 0.01). The decline in function was more rapid and more severe than that seen under conditions of constant flow. 5. These data indicate that cardiac function can be disrupted by TNF on two levels, firstly via a direct, ceramidase dependant negative inotropic effect, and secondly via an indirect coronary vasoconstriction. (+info)Cerebral ventricles are the cavities within the brain that are filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). They are responsible for producing and circulating CSF, which serves as a cushion and lubricant for the brain and spinal cord, and helps to protect them from injury. The cerebral ventricles are divided into four main parts: the lateral ventricles, the third ventricle, the fourth ventricle, and the cerebellar ventricles. Disorders of the cerebral ventricles can lead to a variety of neurological symptoms, including headaches, seizures, and cognitive impairment.
Heart failure, also known as congestive heart failure, is a medical condition in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. This can lead to a buildup of fluid in the lungs, liver, and other organs, causing symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling in the legs and ankles. Heart failure can be caused by a variety of factors, including damage to the heart muscle from a heart attack, high blood pressure, or long-term damage from conditions such as diabetes or coronary artery disease. It can also be caused by certain genetic disorders or infections. Treatment for heart failure typically involves medications to improve heart function and reduce fluid buildup, as well as lifestyle changes such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. In some cases, surgery or other medical procedures may be necessary to treat the underlying cause of the heart failure or to improve heart function.
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are structural abnormalities in the heart that are present at birth. These defects can affect the heart's structure, function, or both, and can range from minor to severe. CHDs are the most common type of birth defect and affect approximately 1 in 100 live births. CHDs can occur in any part of the heart, including the valves, arteries, veins, and chambers. Some common types of CHDs include: - Atrial septal defect (ASD): A hole in the wall between the two upper chambers of the heart. - Ventricular septal defect (VSD): A hole in the wall between the two lower chambers of the heart. - Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA): A blood vessel that remains open between the pulmonary artery and the aorta. - Coarctation of the aorta: A narrowing of the aorta, the main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body. - Tetralogy of Fallot: A combination of four heart defects that affect the flow of blood through the heart. CHDs can cause a range of symptoms, including shortness of breath, fatigue, chest pain, and heart palpitations. Treatment for CHDs depends on the type and severity of the defect, and may include medications, surgery, or other interventions. Early diagnosis and treatment are important for improving outcomes and reducing the risk of complications.
Cerebral ventricle neoplasms, also known as ventricular neoplasms or neoplasms of the cerebral ventricles, are tumors that develop within the ventricles of the brain. The ventricles are fluid-filled cavities that are responsible for producing and circulating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) throughout the brain and spinal cord. Cerebral ventricle neoplasms can be either benign or malignant, and they can arise from a variety of different cell types. Some common types of ventricular neoplasms include astrocytomas, ependymomas, and choroid plexus papillomas. Symptoms of cerebral ventricle neoplasms can vary depending on the location and size of the tumor, as well as the extent to which it is affecting the surrounding brain tissue. Common symptoms may include headaches, nausea and vomiting, changes in vision or hearing, difficulty with balance or coordination, and seizures. Diagnosis of a cerebral ventricle neoplasm typically involves a combination of imaging studies, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans, and a biopsy to confirm the presence of cancer cells. Treatment options for ventricular neoplasms may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches, depending on the specific type and stage of the tumor.
Heart diseases refer to a group of medical conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels. These conditions can range from minor to severe and can affect the heart's ability to pump blood effectively, leading to a variety of symptoms and complications. Some common types of heart diseases include: 1. Coronary artery disease: This is the most common type of heart disease, which occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked due to the buildup of plaque. 2. Heart failure: This occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. 3. Arrhythmias: These are abnormal heart rhythms that can cause the heart to beat too fast, too slow, or irregularly. 4. Valvular heart disease: This occurs when the heart valves become damaged or diseased, leading to problems with blood flow. 5. Congenital heart disease: This refers to heart defects that are present at birth. 6. Inflammatory heart disease: This includes conditions such as pericarditis and myocarditis, which cause inflammation of the heart. 7. Heart infections: These include conditions such as endocarditis and myocarditis, which can cause damage to the heart muscle and valves. Treatment for heart diseases depends on the specific condition and may include medications, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, surgery. Early detection and treatment are important for improving outcomes and reducing the risk of complications.
Heart block is a condition in which the electrical signals that regulate the heartbeat are slowed or blocked as they travel through the heart's conduction system. This can cause the heart to beat too slowly (bradycardia) or irregularly, which can lead to symptoms such as dizziness, fainting, and shortness of breath. There are three main types of heart block: first-degree, second-degree, and third-degree. First-degree heart block is the mildest form and usually does not cause any symptoms. Second-degree heart block is more serious and can cause symptoms, especially if it is caused by an underlying heart condition. Third-degree heart block is the most serious form and can lead to life-threatening complications if not treated promptly. Heart block can be caused by a variety of factors, including damage to the heart muscle, certain medications, and inherited conditions. Treatment options depend on the severity of the heart block and the underlying cause. In some cases, a pacemaker may be necessary to regulate the heartbeat.
Cardiomegaly is a medical condition characterized by an enlarged heart. The term "cardiomegaly" comes from the Greek words "kardia," meaning heart, and "mega," meaning large. Cardiomegaly can be caused by a variety of factors, including hypertension, valvular heart disease, myocardial infarction (heart attack), cardiomyopathy (disease of the heart muscle), and certain genetic disorders. The diagnosis of cardiomegaly is typically made through imaging tests such as echocardiography, chest X-rays, or computed tomography (CT) scans. Cardiomegaly can lead to a variety of complications, including heart failure, arrhythmias, and increased risk of stroke. Treatment depends on the underlying cause of the cardiomegaly and may include medications, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, surgery.
Myocardial ischemia is a medical condition that occurs when the blood flow to the heart muscle is reduced or blocked, leading to a lack of oxygen and nutrients to the heart cells. This can cause chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, and other symptoms. Myocardial ischemia is often caused by atherosclerosis, a condition in which plaque builds up in the arteries, narrowing or blocking the flow of blood. It can also be caused by other factors, such as heart valve problems or blood clots. Myocardial ischemia can be a serious condition and requires prompt medical attention to prevent heart attack or other complications.
Ventricle (heart)
Single ventricle
Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect
Insecta in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae
Vermes in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae
Aves in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae
Ventricular flutter
Human body
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Trastuzumab emtansine
Amphibia in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae
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Revivent
Fetal circulation
Franklin P. Mall
Clifford Kwan-Gett
Morton Mower
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T wave
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Papillary muscle
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Turtle
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Primitive ventricle
Ibn al-Nafis
Cardiac muscle
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Situs ambiguus
Ventricle (heart) - Wikipedia
Mitochondria of the heart left ventricle in hypokinetic rats
heart ventricle weight - Ontology Report - Rat Genome Database
PhD ceremony Mr. H.G. Freling: Imaging of the right ventricle in congenital heart disease | News | University of Groningen
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Single Ventricle Disease Research Awards Program | Maternal & Child Health Research Institute | Stanford Medicine
Normalization strategy for selection of reference genes for RT-qPCR analysis in left ventricles of failing human hearts | BMC...
Fatty acid transporters in the hypertrophied human heart: Differences between atria and ventricles - Oxford Stem Cell Institute
Double Outlet Right Ventricle With Normally Related Great Arteries: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology
left ventricle - Articles - Scientific Research Publishing
Double inlet left ventricle: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Image
2019 Heart Valve Summit- Managing the Dysfuntional Ventricle During Percutaneous and Catheter Interventions | Mitral Valve...
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valsartan oral: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing - WebMD
Tachycardia - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic
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The Athlete Grey Zone: Distinguishing Pathologic From Physiologic Left Ventricular Hypertrophy - American College of Cardiology
Cardiomyopathy | cdc.gov
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What happens when automation comes for highly paid doctors
Cardiovascular Physiology, 11th Edition - 9780323594844
Heart's6
- Each beat of the heart is triggered by an electrical impulse, causing a rhythmic cycle of contraction and relaxation that pumps blood through the heart's four chambers. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- PVCs are irregular heartbeats in the heart's lower chambers, or "ventricles. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- The heart's pumping chambers (ventricles) make BNP. (uhhospitals.org)
- Dr. Kusumoto says atrial fibrillation decreases the heart's blood pumping efficiency and puts a patient at higher risk for blood clots, heart failure, and stroke. (mayoclinic.org)
- Once the image patterns were learned, the AI system could estimate the size and pumping efficiency of the left ventricle, one of the heart's four chambers, from retinal scans alone. (leeds.ac.uk)
- Note focal myocardial hemorrhage in the superior region of the heart's right ventricle. (cdc.gov)
Chambers10
- A ventricle is one of two large chambers toward the bottom of the heart that collect and expel blood towards the peripheral beds within the body and lungs. (wikipedia.org)
- The heaviness of one or both ventricles of the heart, that is, the lower chambers of the heart that pump blood away from the heart either to the lungs to be oxygenated or, once oxygenated, to the rest of the body, or the degree to which one or both ventricles of the heart are drawn toward the earth by gravity. (mcw.edu)
- In double inlet left ventricle only the left lower heart chamber (left ventricle) is developed, and both upper chambers carry blood into this ventricle. (medlineplus.gov)
- The characteristic sound of the heartbeat comes from the valves between the chambers opening and closing as blood circulates through the heart. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- The heart consists of four chambers: two on the top, called atria , and two on the bottom, called ventricles . (medicalnewstoday.com)
- In tachycardia, an irregular electrical signal (impulse) starting in the upper or lower chambers of the heart causes the heart to beat faster. (mayoclinic.org)
- Chaotic, irregular electrical signals in the upper chambers of the heart (atria) cause a fast heartbeat. (mayoclinic.org)
- This type of arrhythmia starts in the lower heart chambers (ventricles). (mayoclinic.org)
- where one of the pumping chambers (ventricles) of the heart is enlarged. (cdc.gov)
- An opening between the 2 lower chambers (ventricles) of your child's heart stays open. (drugs.com)
Systolic3
- Likewise in the systolic phase, the left ventricle must contract rapidly and forcibly to pump this blood into the aorta, overcoming the much higher aortic pressure. (wikipedia.org)
- In these patients it is important to determine the end-systolic phase independently for the right and left ventricle. (rug.nl)
- Systolic pressures are equal in both ventricles and in the aorta. (medscape.com)
Aorta8
- In a four-chambered heart, such as that in humans, there are two ventricles that operate in a double circulatory system: the right ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary circulation to the lungs, and the left ventricle pumps blood into the systemic circulation through the aorta. (wikipedia.org)
- The left ventricle receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium via the mitral valve and pumps it through the aorta via the aortic valve, into the systemic circulation. (wikipedia.org)
- For example, some researchers require that the aorta and the pulmonary artery arise entirely from the right ventricle. (medscape.com)
- Double outlet right ventricle, with a large variability in anatomy, represents a continuum of congenital heart defects (CHDs) that includes ventricular septal defect (VSD) with significant override of the aorta, origin of both great arteries from the right ventricle, and transposition of the great arteries with pulmonary override of the VSD. (medscape.com)
- The resulting physiology is similar to tetralogy of Fallot , in which the aorta completely overrides the right ventricle. (medscape.com)
- In double outlet right ventricle, both the aorta and pulmonary valve connect to the right ventricle. (msdmanuals.com)
- Normally the pulmonary valve connects to the right ventricle, and the aorta connects to the left ventricle. (msdmanuals.com)
- In double outlet right ventricle, both the aorta and the pulmonary artery are connected to the right ventricle and no artery attaches to the left ventricle. (msdmanuals.com)
Hypoplastic1
- There are many types of single ventricles including double inlet left ventricle, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, mitral atresia, tricuspid atresia, and common AV valves with only one well-developed ventricle. (stanford.edu)
Defects6
- The Additional Ventures Innovation Fund Single Ventricle Disease Research Program aims to accelerate scientific discoveries and development of treatments for single ventricle heart defects (SVDs). (stanford.edu)
- The goal of each Additional Ventures Innovation Funds is to spark innovative and unique research ideas, to engage new members into the single ventricle and Fontan community, and to accelerate progress towards 1) understanding the underlying etiology of single ventricle heart defects and 2) developing functional cures for SVDS or for those with the Fontan circulation. (stanford.edu)
- Double inlet left ventricle is one of several heart defects known as single (or common) ventricle defects, as there is essentially only one pumping chamber in the heart. (medlineplus.gov)
- These tests may be used to find chromosome problems linked to congenital heart defects. (uhhospitals.org)
- Overview of Heart Defects About one in 100 babies is born with a heart defect. (msdmanuals.com)
- Atrial and Ventricular Septal Defects Atrial and ventricular septal defects are holes in the walls (septa) that separate the heart into the left and right sides. (msdmanuals.com)
Ventricular septal2
- A ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a common kind of heart defect. (drugs.com)
- A ventricular septal defect is virtually always present and provides the only outlet of blood flow from the left ventricle. (msdmanuals.com)
Atria and ventricles1
- Both the atria and ventricles have values that open and close in a synchronized way that helps to control blood flow throughout the body. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Lungs7
- The physiological load on the ventricles requiring pumping of blood throughout the body and lungs is much greater than the pressure generated by the atria to fill the ventricles. (wikipedia.org)
- Further, the left ventricle has thicker walls than the right because it needs to pump blood to most of the body while the right ventricle fills only the lungs. (wikipedia.org)
- BNP testing can tell if your child has a problem with the heart or lungs. (uhhospitals.org)
- As a result, the heart muscle's ability to pump blood is reduced, which can lead to irregular heartbeats, the backup of blood into the lungs or rest of the body, and heart failure. (cdc.gov)
- Smoke can also harm his or her lungs and heart. (drugs.com)
- If too much blood flows through the pulmonary artery to the lungs, heart failure may develop. (msdmanuals.com)
- If too much blood flows to the lungs, medications are needed to improve heart function and treat the resulting heart failure. (msdmanuals.com)
Arrhythmia1
- Ablation is a catheterization procedure that uses heat or cold to repair the heart tissue causing the arrhythmia. (chla.org)
Left atrium1
- Dilated endocardial fibroelastosis is characterized by a markedly enlarged globular heart, mainly involving the left ventricle (LV) and left atrium (LA). The LV endocardium is opaque, glistening, milky white, and diffusely thickened to about 1-2 mm. (medscape.com)
Atrium5
- The blood pumped by a ventricle is supplied by an atrium, an adjacent chamber in the upper heart that is smaller than a ventricle. (wikipedia.org)
- The right ventricle is triangular in shape and extends from the tricuspid valve in the right atrium to near the apex of the heart. (wikipedia.org)
- Bigeminy can occur as a result of a heartbeat irregularity involving either the atrium or ventricles. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Bigeminy involving a heartbeat irregularity in the atrium is due to premature atrial contractions (PACs), while bigeminy involving the ventricles is due to premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Endocardial thickening extends to the LA, right ventricle, and right atrium. (medscape.com)
Patient's3
- In some cases, atrial fibrillation can be corrected with medication or by administering a shock to a sedated patient's heart. (mayoclinic.org)
- The AI system identified associations between pathology in the retina and changes in the patient's heart. (leeds.ac.uk)
- Currently, details about the size and pumping efficiency of a patient's left ventricle can only be determined if they have diagnostic tests such as echocardiography or magnetic resonance imaging of the heart. (leeds.ac.uk)
Physiology1
- However, in the absence of pulmonary obstruction or stenosis, patients with double outlet right ventricle and subpulmonary VSD have physiology similar to transposition of the great arteries and VSD. (medscape.com)
Symptoms1
- Atorvastatin is also used to reduce the risk of heart attack for people with high blood pressure who have at least 3 additional risk factors for heart disease but are not experiencing symptoms associated with heart disease. (medbroadcast.com)
Patients with congenital heart d3
- In adulthood many patients with congenital heart disease develop complications of the right ventricle. (rug.nl)
- Measured blood volumes may significantly deviate from the true blood volume in patients with congenital heart disease. (rug.nl)
- These are also considered of pivotal importance for groups which care for patients with congenital heart disease as well as for policymakers. (who.int)
Microscopic1
- Morphometric light microscopic analysis of cardiomyocytes of the left ventricle revealed an increase of the area of cell cross sections, whereas the number of capillaries remained the same in the normal heart, which was suggested to be a weak adaptive response. (nih.gov)
Artery4
- [ 1 ] He described 4 hearts with 2 varieties of "complete aortic transposition with the pulmonary artery in normal position. (medscape.com)
- In double outlet right ventricle with subpulmonary VSD (Taussig-Bing anomaly), the left ventricular outflow is directed toward the pulmonary artery. (medscape.com)
- The doctor threads the catheter into an artery and guides it up to the heart. (chla.org)
- Careful assessment of the heart for any associated congenital heart disease including coronary artery anomalies is essential before making a diagnosis of primary endocardial fibroelastosis. (medscape.com)
Trabeculae2
- citation needed] On the inner walls of the ventricles are irregular muscular columns called trabeculae carneae which cover all of the inner ventricular surfaces except that of the conus arteriosus, in the right ventricle. (wikipedia.org)
- Papillary muscles and trabeculae, which are the muscles connected to the heart valves and small muscles on the inside of the heart, are often considered to be part of the blood volume because it is difficult to separate these muscles from blood when measuring right ventricular volumes. (rug.nl)
Infants1
- Endocardial fibroelastosis (EFE) refers to a pronounced, diffuse thickening of the ventricular endocardium and presents as unexplained heart failure in infants and children. (medscape.com)
Atrial2
- Mayo Clinic electrophysiologist Fred Kusumoto, M.D., explains what happens in the heart to create atrial fibrillation and what can be done to fix it. (mayoclinic.org)
- HEART BEATING] Atrial fibrillation interrupts this regular beat. (mayoclinic.org)
Pressures1
- Ventricles have thicker walls than atria and generate higher blood pressures. (wikipedia.org)
Pulmonary3
- Associated pulmonary stenosis is present in as many as 50% of patients with double outlet right ventricle. (medscape.com)
- Systemic and pulmonary saturations are also affected by the degree of mixing in the right ventricle. (medscape.com)
- This anatomy may result in congestive heart failure (CHF) and pulmonary vascular disease. (medscape.com)
Squeeze2
- The rapid heart rate doesn't allow the ventricles to fill and squeeze (contract) to pump enough blood to the body. (mayoclinic.org)
- The left ventricle is just not that efficient and the right ventricle doesn't squeeze that hard, generally. (medscape.com)
Disease22
- New semi-automatic software that can separate these muscles from blood helped us to show that the magnitude of this deviation is dependent on the underlying heart disease. (rug.nl)
- The Stanford Maternal and Child Health Research Institute (MCHRI) Additional Ventures Single Ventricle Innovation Research Program aims to promote truly innovative research to treat and functionally cure single ventricle heart disease. (stanford.edu)
- The Additional Ventures Innovation Fund Single Ventricle Disease Research Program supports a wide range of scientific approaches from basic, clinical, translational, engineering, information and other biomedical sciences to better understand the root causes of SVDs and to develop functional cures for those living with this condition. (stanford.edu)
- Reduction of cholesterol levels in the blood has been shown to reduce the risks associated with heart disease, such as heart attack. (medbroadcast.com)
- Atorvastatin may be used in addition to diet to reduce cholesterol for adolescents between 10 and 17 years of age with increased cholesterol levels and family history of early heart disease or 2 or more risk factors for cardiovascular disease. (medbroadcast.com)
- Most people who have ventricular fibrillation have an underlying heart disease or have experienced serious trauma, such as being struck by lightning. (mayoclinic.org)
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is thought to be the most common inherited or genetic heart disease. (cdc.gov)
- Coronary heart disease or a heart attack. (cdc.gov)
- Doctors have recognised that changes to the tiny blood vessels in the retina are indicators of broader vascular disease, including problems with the heart. (leeds.ac.uk)
- The use of deep learning in the analysis of retinal scans could revolutionise the way patients are regularly screened for signs of heart disease. (leeds.ac.uk)
- The system could also be used to track early signs of heart disease. (leeds.ac.uk)
- An enlarged ventricle is linked with an increased risk of heart disease. (leeds.ac.uk)
- Helps doctors diagnose and treat a range of diseases, including cancer and heart disease. (upmc.com)
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) investigators concluded that the sympathetic nervous system activation associated with the alarm response likely triggered a heart attack in an individual with underlying cardiovascular disease. (cdc.gov)
- ABSTRACT To provide an overview of the epidemiology of congenital heart disease, the results of epidemiological studies done in 4 regions of Saudi Arabia (August 1988-February 2000) and 2604 individuals with congenital heart disease were evaluated. (who.int)
- Of 2269 (59%) presenting in the first year of life, 566 (24.9%) had neonatal congenital heart disease. (who.int)
- The epidemiology of congenital heart disease in Saudi Arabia has not been determined, nor has it received the attention it warrants. (who.int)
- This study aimed at utilizing the results of these studies to establish the epidemiology of congenital heart disease in Saudi Arabia. (who.int)
- Several previous reports suggest a changing pattern and incidence of congenital heart disease in various geographic locations [1,2]. (who.int)
- Knowledge of the epidemiology of congenital heart disease is the basis on which investigative efforts will emerge to identify the causes of cardiac dysmorphogenesis and afford opportunities to prevent them [3]. (who.int)
- Future projections, thought to be critical for the comprehensive and optimum care of congenital heart disease population in Saudi Arabia, are also discussed. (who.int)
- The studies were implemented in 4 related institutes, which are the only referral centres in those regions to which children suspected of having congenital heart disease are referred from both government and private hospitals and primary health care centres. (who.int)
Congenital heart diseases2
- This thesis investigated the influence of several methods to measure right ventricular volumes, as well as how to interpret right ventricular volumes and function in patients with different congenital heart diseases. (rug.nl)
- Secondary endocardial fibroelastosis is associated with other congenital heart diseases. (medscape.com)
Mitral valve1
- The mitral valve is one of four valves in the heart that make sure blood flows in the right direction. (mitralvalverepair.org)
Diagnosis1
- Conversely, an incorrect diagnosis of an athlete's heart may put a young life in harm's way and waive further risk stratification and evaluation of family members for this genetic condition. (acc.org)
Imaging5
- The mass of the left ventricle, as estimated by magnetic resonance imaging, averages 143 g ± 38.4 g, with a range of 87-224 g. (wikipedia.org)
- Our Interventional Catheterization Program has ultra-low radiation capabilities, rotational imaging and the ability to create 3-D images of the heart and vessels. (chla.org)
- Sven Plein, British Heart Foundation Professor of Cardiovascular Imaging at the University of Leeds and one of the authors of the research paper, said: "The AI system is an excellent tool for unravelling the complex patterns that exist in nature, and that is what we have found - the intricate pattern of changes in the retina linked to changes in the heart. (leeds.ac.uk)
- Arterys, a medical imaging startup, reads MRIs of the heart and measures blood flow through its ventricles. (cnn.com)
- Ventricular pressure waveforms can be measured in the beating heart by catheterization or estimated using imaging techniques (e.g. (bvsalud.org)
Conus1
- The right ventricle is made of two components: the sinus and the conus. (wikipedia.org)
Failure7
- Valsartan is used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure . (webmd.com)
- In people with heart failure, it may also lower the chance of having to go to the hospital for heart failure. (webmd.com)
- But if left untreated, some forms of tachycardia can lead to serious health problems, including heart failure, stroke or sudden cardiac death. (mayoclinic.org)
- Children with heart failure and those who get a heart transplant need regular monitoring. (chla.org)
- A family history of cardiomyopathy, heart failure or sudden cardiac arrest. (cdc.gov)
- Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare form of heart failure that can occur near the end of pregnancy or up to a year after giving birth. (cdc.gov)
- Once regarded as a common cause of unexplained heart failure, endocardial fibroelastosis is now considered rare. (medscape.com)
Irregular2
- Many types of irregular heart rhythms (arrhythmias) can cause tachycardia. (mayoclinic.org)
- Irregular heart beat or palpitations. (cdc.gov)
Double6
- Double outlet right ventricle (DORV) was first pathologically described in the late 19th century as partial transposition. (medscape.com)
- In 1957, Witham first used the term double outlet right ventricle to describe a partial transposition of the great arteries. (medscape.com)
- Double outlet right ventricle is defined as a form of ventriculoarterial connection in which both great arteries arise completely or predominantly from the morphologic right ventricle. (medscape.com)
- The VSD in double outlet right ventricle can be subaortic, subpulmonary, noncommitted, or doubly committed. (medscape.com)
- The most common type of VSD found in double outlet right ventricle is a subaortic type. (medscape.com)
- This type of double outlet right ventricle is frequently associated withsubaortic stenosis and arch obstruction. (medscape.com)
Palpitations1
- People may experience bigeminy as heart palpitations or fluttering. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Morphological1
- The term "athlete's heart" is used to define the pattern of morphological, functional and electrical changes that result from intensive training including left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). (acc.org)
Blood12
- The left ventricle is thicker and more muscular than the right ventricle because it pumps blood at a higher pressure. (wikipedia.org)
- During systole, the ventricles contract, pumping blood through the body. (wikipedia.org)
- During diastole, the ventricles relax and fill with blood again. (wikipedia.org)
- RGD is funded by grant HL64541 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute on behalf of the NIH. (mcw.edu)
- When the heart is working well, there are low levels of BNP in the blood. (uhhospitals.org)
- Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks , and kidney problems. (webmd.com)
- When the heart beats too fast, it may not pump enough blood to the rest of the body. (mayoclinic.org)
- It is a frequent cause of sudden cardiac arrest in the young, according to the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. (cdc.gov)
- A VSD can cause blood to flow back into the right side of the heart instead of to the rest of your child's body. (drugs.com)
- A VSD can lead to heart or lung problems or to low oxygen levels in your child's blood. (drugs.com)
- Finds abnormal blood flow to the heart, measures heart function, or shows the extent of damage after a heart attack. (upmc.com)
- Stress tests measure your blood flow and the function of the heart muscle. (upmc.com)
20231
- Babak Nazer, MD, an associate professor of medicine at the University of Washington in Seattle will present findings from this experimental device at the upcoming American Heart Association (AHA) 2023 Scientific Sessions in Philadelphia. (medscape.com)
Chest1
- In some cases people feel their heart palpitating or beating very, very fast or a flip-flop in their heart or chest area. (mayoclinic.org)
Pump1
- When the heart has to pump harder than usual, BNP levels are higher. (uhhospitals.org)
Cardiovascular1
- He said: "Cardiovascular diseases, including heart attacks, are the leading cause of early death worldwide and the second-largest killer in the UK. (leeds.ac.uk)
Echocardiography1
- Ultrasonography of the heart (echocardiography) is one of. (msdmanuals.com)
Pacemaker2
- Other arrhythmias can be treated with placement of a pacemaker or implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) to regulate your child's heart rhythm. (chla.org)
- Removing a leadless pacemaker, which is inside the heart, may be difficult, so it may be necessary to implant new pacemakers alongside the previous ones that have lost their battery charge. (medscape.com)
Describe1
- They may describe the sensation as the heart skipping a beat. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Anomaly1
- Primary endocardial fibroelastosis is not associated with any significant structural anomaly of the heart. (medscape.com)
Child's6
- Cardiac, or heart, catheterization uses a thin tube called a catheter to access your child's heart. (chla.org)
- This procedure allows the doctor to see your child's heart structure and measure heart function. (chla.org)
- Catheterization lets the doctor see inside your child's heart. (chla.org)
- During EP studies, the doctor looks at your child's heart to find the source of the abnormal heart rhythm. (chla.org)
- Catheterization lets doctors get a close look at your child's heart function. (chla.org)
- Medicines may be needed to help your child's heart beat more strongly or more regularly. (drugs.com)
Catheterization4
- Doctors who specialize in heart catheterization procedures are called interventional cardiologists. (chla.org)
- Learn more about heart catheterization . (chla.org)
- Catheterization can also measure things in different parts of the heart. (chla.org)
- Doctors use catheterization to diagnose and treat heart rhythm problems ( arrhythmias ). (chla.org)
Common1
- A common arterial trunk may also arise completely from the right ventricle. (medscape.com)
Abnormal1
- A single ventricle is a congenital heart defect that occurs due to abnormal development of the fetal heart during the first eight weeks of pregnancy. (stanford.edu)
Cardiac2
- Key Recommendations - NIOSH offers the following recommendations to reduce the likelihood of heart attacks and sudden cardiac arrest among firefighters at this and other fire departments across the country. (cdc.gov)
- The pressure within a CARDIAC VENTRICLE. (bvsalud.org)
Diseases1
- Diseases that can damage the heart, such as hemochromatosis, sarcoidosis or amyloidosis. (cdc.gov)
Myocardium1
- The endocardial thickening is believed to be caused by persistent and increased wall tension in the ventricles, possibly secondary to damaged myocardium, mitral regurgitation, or both. (medscape.com)
Walls2
- By early maturity, the walls of the left ventricle have thickened from three to six times greater than that of the right ventricle. (wikipedia.org)
- Holes can be present in the walls of the heart between the upper heart. (msdmanuals.com)
Partial1
- In electron microscopy, along with normal cardiomyocytes, cells with the swollen sarcoplasm and degrading myofibers were observed, which indicated a partial atrophy of the heart muscle. (nih.gov)
Function2
- Potassium levels are especially important for healthy heart function. (uhhospitals.org)
- Shows the function of the left ventricle of the heart. (upmc.com)
Sinus1
- Sinus tachycardia refers to a typical increase in the heart rate often caused by exercise or stress. (mayoclinic.org)
Myocardial1
- The autopsy found a large portion of the left ventricle wall was damaged due to a heart attack (myocardial infarction). (cdc.gov)