Heart failure. Medical search

A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.

The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.

The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.

A state of subnormal or depressed cardiac output at rest or during stress. It is a characteristic of CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, including congenital, valvular, rheumatic, hypertensive, coronary, and cardiomyopathic. The serious form of low cardiac output is characterized by marked reduction in STROKE VOLUME, and systemic vasoconstriction resulting in cold, pale, and sometimes cyanotic extremities.

Heart failure caused by abnormal myocardial contraction during SYSTOLE leading to defective cardiac emptying.

Heart failure caused by abnormal myocardial relaxation during DIASTOLE leading to defective cardiac filling.

The amount of BLOOD pumped out of the HEART per beat, not to be confused with cardiac output (volume/time). It is calculated as the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume.

The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.

Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.

The transference of a heart from one human or animal to another.

A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease that is characterized by ventricular dilation, VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION, and HEART FAILURE. Risk factors include SMOKING; ALCOHOL DRINKING; HYPERTENSION; INFECTION; PREGNANCY; and mutations in the LMNA gene encoding LAMIN TYPE A, a NUCLEAR LAMINA protein.

A PEPTIDE that is secreted by the BRAIN and the HEART ATRIA, stored mainly in cardiac ventricular MYOCARDIUM. It can cause NATRIURESIS; DIURESIS; VASODILATION; and inhibits secretion of RENIN and ALDOSTERONE. It improves heart function. It contains 32 AMINO ACIDS.

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the left HEART VENTRICLE. Its measurement is an important aspect of the clinical evaluation of patients with heart disease to determine the effects of the disease on cardiac performance.

A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left ventricular wall.

The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

A measure of the quality of health care by assessment of unsuccessful results of management and procedures used in combating disease, in individual cases or series.

Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care. (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

Drugs that bind to but do not activate beta-adrenergic receptors thereby blocking the actions of beta-adrenergic agonists. Adrenergic beta-antagonists are used for treatment of hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris, glaucoma, migraine headaches, and anxiety.

The geometric and structural changes that the HEART VENTRICLES undergo, usually following MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. It comprises expansion of the infarct and dilatation of the healthy ventricle segments. While most prevalent in the left ventricle, it can also occur in the right ventricle.

Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be discovered later in life.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues. The standard approach is transthoracic.

Agents that have a strengthening effect on the heart or that can increase cardiac output. They may be CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES; SYMPATHOMIMETICS; or other drugs. They are used after MYOCARDIAL INFARCT; CARDIAC SURGICAL PROCEDURES; in SHOCK; or in congestive heart failure (HEART FAILURE).

Contractile activity of the MYOCARDIUM.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Regulation of the rate of contraction of the heart muscles by an artificial pacemaker.

Examinations used to diagnose and treat heart conditions.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS).

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES.

NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).

Striated muscle cells found in the heart. They are derived from cardiac myoblasts (MYOBLASTS, CARDIAC).

Agents that promote the excretion of urine through their effects on kidney function.

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

A class of drugs whose main indications are the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. They exert their hemodynamic effect mainly by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system. They also modulate sympathetic nervous system activity and increase prostaglandin synthesis. They cause mainly vasodilation and mild natriuresis without affecting heart rate and contractility.

The chambers of the heart, to which the BLOOD returns from the circulation.

Small pumps, often implantable, designed for temporarily assisting the heart, usually the LEFT VENTRICLE, to pump blood. They consist of a pumping chamber and a power source, which may be partially or totally external to the body and activated by electromagnetic motors.

The confinement of a patient in a hospital.

The heart of the fetus of any viviparous animal. It refers to the heart in the postembryonic period and is differentiated from the embryonic heart (HEART/embryology) only on the basis of time.

AMINO ALCOHOLS containing the propanolamine (NH2CH2CHOHCH2) group and its derivatives.

A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).

Controlled physical activity which is performed in order to allow assessment of physiological functions, particularly cardiovascular and pulmonary, but also aerobic capacity. Maximal (most intense) exercise is usually required but submaximal exercise is also used.

Period of contraction of the HEART, especially of the HEART VENTRICLES.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

Flaps of tissue that prevent regurgitation of BLOOD from the HEART VENTRICLES to the HEART ATRIA or from the PULMONARY ARTERIES or AORTA to the ventricles.

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

The lower right and left chambers of the heart. The right ventricle pumps venous BLOOD into the LUNGS and the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic arterial circulation.

Post-systolic relaxation of the HEART, especially the HEART VENTRICLES.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

The exercise capacity of an individual as measured by endurance (maximal exercise duration and/or maximal attained work load) during an EXERCISE TEST.

A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666)

The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.

A potent natriuretic and vasodilatory peptide or mixture of different-sized low molecular weight PEPTIDES derived from a common precursor and secreted mainly by the HEART ATRIUM. All these peptides share a sequence of about 20 AMINO ACIDS.

A condition in which HEART VENTRICLES exhibit impaired function.

Benzo-indoles similar to CARBOLINES which are pyrido-indoles. In plants, carbazoles are derived from indole and form some of the INDOLE ALKALOIDS.

The thoracolumbar division of the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic preganglionic fibers originate in neurons of the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord and project to the paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia, which in turn project to target organs. The sympathetic nervous system mediates the body's response to stressful situations, i.e., the fight or flight reactions. It often acts reciprocally to the parasympathetic system.

The rate at which oxygen is used by a tissue; microliters of oxygen STPD used per milligram of tissue per hour; the rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas, equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body. (Stedman, 25th ed, p346)

Subsequent admissions of a patient to a hospital or other health care institution for treatment.

Measurement of intracardiac blood flow using an M-mode and/or two-dimensional (2-D) echocardiogram while simultaneously recording the spectrum of the audible Doppler signal (e.g., velocity, direction, amplitude, intensity, timing) reflected from the moving column of red blood cells.

Impaired conduction of cardiac impulse that can occur anywhere along the conduction pathway, such as between the SINOATRIAL NODE and the right atrium (SA block) or between atria and ventricles (AV block). Heart blocks can be classified by the duration, frequency, or completeness of conduction block. Reversibility depends on the degree of structural or functional defects.

The pressure within a CARDIAC VENTRICLE. Ventricular pressure waveforms can be measured in the beating heart by catheterization or estimated using imaging techniques (e.g., DOPPLER ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY). The information is useful in evaluating the function of the MYOCARDIUM; CARDIAC VALVES; and PERICARDIUM, particularly with simultaneous measurement of other (e.g., aortic or atrial) pressures.

The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)

Statistical models used in survival analysis that assert that the effect of the study factors on the hazard rate in the study population is multiplicative and does not change over time.

Agents that affect the rate or intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameter, or blood volume.

The blood pressure as recorded after wedging a CATHETER in a small PULMONARY ARTERY; believed to reflect the PRESSURE in the pulmonary CAPILLARIES.

A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.

Drugs that bind to and block the activation of MINERALOCORTICOID RECEPTORS by MINERALOCORTICOIDS such as ALDOSTERONE.

A class of statistical procedures for estimating the survival function (function of time, starting with a population 100% well at a given time and providing the percentage of the population still well at later times). The survival analysis is then used for making inferences about the effects of treatments, prognostic factors, exposures, and other covariates on the function.

A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.

A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827)

A condition of substandard growth or diminished capacity to maintain normal function.

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

The proportion of survivors in a group, e.g., of patients, studied and followed over a period, or the proportion of persons in a specified group alive at the beginning of a time interval who survive to the end of the interval. It is often studied using life table methods.

A device designed to stimulate, by electric impulses, contraction of the heart muscles. It may be temporary (external) or permanent (internal or internal-external).

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

The restoration of the sequential order of contraction and relaxation of the HEART ATRIA and HEART VENTRICLES by atrio-biventricular pacing.

An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.

Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.

Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers and of the diffuse projection system in the brain arising from the locus ceruleus. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.

Disease having a short and relatively severe course.

Drugs used to cause dilation of the blood vessels.

Abnormal cardiac rhythm that is characterized by rapid, uncoordinated firing of electrical impulses in the upper chambers of the heart (HEART ATRIA). In such case, blood cannot be effectively pumped into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES). It is caused by abnormal impulse generation.

Unexpected rapid natural death due to cardiovascular collapse within one hour of initial symptoms. It is usually caused by the worsening of existing heart diseases. The sudden onset of symptoms, such as CHEST PAIN and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS, particularly VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA, can lead to the loss of consciousness and cardiac arrest followed by biological death. (from Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, 7th ed., 2005)

The worsening of a disease over time. This concept is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases where the stage of the disease is an important determinant of therapy and prognosis.

Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.

Condition where a primary dysfunction of either heart or kidney results in failure of the other organ (e.g., HEART FAILURE with worsening RENAL INSUFFICIENCY).

Enlargement of the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart. This increase in ventricular mass is attributed to sustained abnormal pressure or volume loads and is a contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.

A nonparametric method of compiling LIFE TABLES or survival tables. It combines calculated probabilities of survival and estimates to allow for observations occurring beyond a measurement threshold, which are assumed to occur randomly. Time intervals are defined as ending each time an event occurs and are therefore unequal. (From Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1995)

A form of rapid-onset LIVER FAILURE, also known as fulminant hepatic failure, caused by severe liver injury or massive loss of HEPATOCYTES. It is characterized by sudden development of liver dysfunction and JAUNDICE. Acute liver failure may progress to exhibit cerebral dysfunction even HEPATIC COMA depending on the etiology that includes hepatic ISCHEMIA, drug toxicity, malignant infiltration, and viral hepatitis such as post-transfusion HEPATITIS B and HEPATITIS C.

Calcium-transporting ATPases that catalyze the active transport of CALCIUM into the SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM vesicles from the CYTOPLASM. They are primarily found in MUSCLE CELLS and play a role in the relaxation of MUSCLES.

Difficult or labored breathing.

Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the cardiac muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Manifestations range from subclinical to sudden death (DEATH, SUDDEN). Myocarditis in association with cardiac dysfunction is classified as inflammatory CARDIOMYOPATHY usually caused by INFECTION, autoimmune diseases, or responses to toxic substances. Myocarditis is also a common cause of DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY and other cardiomyopathies.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

Endogenous or exogenous chemicals that regulate the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in the body. They consist of peptides and non-peptide compounds.

The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.

Agents used for the treatment or prevention of cardiac arrhythmias. They may affect the polarization-repolarization phase of the action potential, its excitability or refractoriness, or impulse conduction or membrane responsiveness within cardiac fibers. Anti-arrhythmia agents are often classed into four main groups according to their mechanism of action: sodium channel blockade, beta-adrenergic blockade, repolarization prolongation, or calcium channel blockade.

Compounds of the general formula R:N.NR2, as resulting from the action of hydrazines with aldehydes or ketones. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

An abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by alternating periods of apnea and deep, rapid breathing. The cycle begins with slow, shallow breaths that gradually increase in depth and rate and is then followed by a period of apnea. The period of apnea can last 5 to 30 seconds, then the cycle repeats every 45 seconds to 3 minutes.

Peptides that regulate the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in the body, also known as natriuretic peptide hormones. Several have been sequenced (ATRIAL NATRIURETIC FACTOR; BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE; C-TYPE NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE).

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

One of two major pharmacologically defined classes of adrenergic receptors. The beta adrenergic receptors play an important role in regulating CARDIAC MUSCLE contraction, SMOOTH MUSCLE relaxation, and GLYCOGENOLYSIS.

A procedure to stop the contraction of MYOCARDIUM during HEART SURGERY. It is usually achieved with the use of chemicals (CARDIOPLEGIC SOLUTIONS) or cold temperature (such as chilled perfusate).

The volume of BLOOD passing through the HEART per unit of time. It is usually expressed as liters (volume) per minute so as not to be confused with STROKE VOLUME (volume per beat).

The presence of co-existing or additional diseases with reference to an initial diagnosis or with reference to the index condition that is the subject of study. Comorbidity may affect the ability of affected individuals to function and also their survival; it may be used as a prognostic indicator for length of hospital stay, cost factors, and outcome or survival.

Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.

The study of the heart, its physiology, and its functions.

The force that opposes the flow of BLOOD through a vascular bed. It is equal to the difference in BLOOD PRESSURE across the vascular bed divided by the CARDIAC OUTPUT.

Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE.

Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.

Implantable devices which continuously monitor the electrical activity of the heart and automatically detect and terminate ventricular tachycardia (TACHYCARDIA, VENTRICULAR) and VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION. They consist of an impulse generator, batteries, and electrodes.

Agents that antagonize ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR. Included are ANGIOTENSIN II analogs such as SARALASIN and biphenylimidazoles such as LOSARTAN. Some are used as ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS.

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.

Procedures in which placement of CARDIAC CATHETERS is performed for therapeutic or diagnostic procedures.

A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker. It is effective in the management of HYPERTENSION and ANGINA PECTORIS.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of the cardiovascular system, processes, or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers and other electronic equipment.

A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

A progressive condition usually characterized by combined failure of several organs such as the lungs, liver, kidney, along with some clotting mechanisms, usually postinjury or postoperative.

Severe inability of the LIVER to perform its normal metabolic functions, as evidenced by severe JAUNDICE and abnormal serum levels of AMMONIA; BILIRUBIN; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; LACTATE DEHYDROGENASES; and albumin/globulin ratio. (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed)

Backflow of blood from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the LEFT ATRIUM due to imperfect closure of the MITRAL VALVE. This can lead to mitral valve regurgitation.

Drugs that selectively bind to and activate beta-adrenergic receptors.

A set of techniques used when variation in several variables has to be studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables.

An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is used to treat HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.

Drugs used in the treatment of acute or chronic vascular HYPERTENSION regardless of pharmacological mechanism. Among the antihypertensive agents are DIURETICS; (especially DIURETICS, THIAZIDE); ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS; ADRENERGIC ALPHA-ANTAGONISTS; ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS; GANGLIONIC BLOCKERS; and VASODILATOR AGENTS.

Physical activity which is usually regular and done with the intention of improving or maintaining PHYSICAL FITNESS or HEALTH. Contrast with PHYSICAL EXERTION which is concerned largely with the physiologic and metabolic response to energy expenditure.

Failure of equipment to perform to standard. The failure may be due to defects or improper use.

A vasodilator used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS. Its actions are similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a slower onset of action.

Method in which prolonged electrocardiographic recordings are made on a portable tape recorder (Holter-type system) or solid-state device ("real-time" system), while the patient undergoes normal daily activities. It is useful in the diagnosis and management of intermittent cardiac arrhythmias and transient myocardial ischemia.

A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.

The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.

Partial proteins formed by partial hydrolysis of complete proteins or generated through PROTEIN ENGINEERING techniques.

Works about clinical trials that involve at least one test treatment and one control treatment, concurrent enrollment and follow-up of the test- and control-treated groups, and in which the treatments to be administered are selected by a random process, such as the use of a random-numbers table.

A generic concept reflecting concern with the modification and enhancement of life attributes, e.g., physical, political, moral and social environment; the overall condition of a human life.

Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.

A condition in which the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE or MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the right ventricular wall.

A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.

A pumping mechanism that duplicates the output, rate, and blood pressure of the natural heart. It may replace the function of the entire heart or a portion of it, and may be an intracorporeal, extracorporeal, or paracorporeal heart. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Agents that antagonize ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTORS. Many drugs in this class specifically target the ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR.

The volume of the HEART, usually relating to the volume of BLOOD contained within it at various periods of the cardiac cycle. The amount of blood ejected from a ventricle at each beat is STROKE VOLUME.

A device that substitutes for a heart valve. It may be composed of biological material (BIOPROSTHESIS) and/or synthetic material.

The ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; and SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM taken together. Generally speaking, the autonomic nervous system regulates the internal environment during both peaceful activity and physical or emotional stress. Autonomic activity is controlled and integrated by the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, especially the HYPOTHALAMUS and the SOLITARY NUCLEUS, which receive information relayed from VISCERAL AFFERENTS.

A distribution in which a variable is distributed like the sum of the squares of any given independent random variable, each of which has a normal distribution with mean of zero and variance of one. The chi-square test is a statistical test based on comparison of a test statistic to a chi-square distribution. The oldest of these tests are used to detect whether two or more population distributions differ from one another.

A positive inotropic cardiotonic agent with vasodilator properties. It inhibits cAMP phosphodiesterase type 3 activity in myocardium and vascular smooth muscle. Milrinone is a derivative of amrinone and has 20-30 times the inotropic potency of amrinone.

A condition associated with multiple episodes of sleep apnea which are distinguished from obstructive sleep apnea (SLEEP APNEA, OBSTRUCTIVE) by the complete cessation of efforts to breathe. This disorder is associated with dysfunction of central nervous system centers that regulate respiration.

Cardiac manifestation of systemic rheumatological conditions, such as RHEUMATIC FEVER. Rheumatic heart disease can involve any part the heart, most often the HEART VALVES and the ENDOCARDIUM.

A type of impedance plethysmography in which bioelectrical impedance is measured between electrodes positioned around the neck and around the lower thorax. It is used principally to calculate stroke volume and cardiac volume, but it is also related to myocardial contractility, thoracic fluid content, and circulation to the extremities.

Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions.

A condition characterized by the thickening of the ventricular ENDOCARDIUM and subendocardium (MYOCARDIUM), seen mostly in children and young adults in the TROPICAL CLIMATE. The fibrous tissue extends from the apex toward and often involves the HEART VALVES causing restrictive blood flow into the respective ventricles (CARDIOMYOPATHY, RESTRICTIVE).

The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.

A BLOOD PRESSURE regulating system of interacting components that include RENIN; ANGIOTENSINOGEN; ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME; ANGIOTENSIN I; ANGIOTENSIN II; and angiotensinase. Renin, an enzyme produced in the kidney, acts on angiotensinogen, an alpha-2 globulin produced by the liver, forming ANGIOTENSIN I. Angiotensin-converting enzyme, contained in the lung, acts on angiotensin I in the plasma converting it to ANGIOTENSIN II, an extremely powerful vasoconstrictor. Angiotensin II causes contraction of the arteriolar and renal VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE, leading to retention of salt and water in the KIDNEY and increased arterial blood pressure. In addition, angiotensin II stimulates the release of ALDOSTERONE from the ADRENAL CORTEX, which in turn also increases salt and water retention in the kidney. Angiotensin-converting enzyme also breaks down BRADYKININ, a powerful vasodilator and component of the KALLIKREIN-KININ SYSTEM.

A vital statistic measuring or recording the rate of death from any cause in hospitalized populations.

A voluntary organization concerned with the prevention and treatment of heart and vascular diseases.

Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.

A subtype of striated muscle, attached by TENDONS to the SKELETON. Skeletal muscles are innervated and their movement can be consciously controlled. They are also called voluntary muscles.

Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a HEART RATE above 100 beats per minute for adults. Tachycardia accompanied by disturbance in the cardiac depolarization (cardiac arrhythmia) is called tachyarrhythmia.

A response by the BARORECEPTORS to increased BLOOD PRESSURE. Increased pressure stretches BLOOD VESSELS which activates the baroreceptors in the vessel walls. The net response of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM is a reduction of central sympathetic outflow. This reduces blood pressure both by decreasing peripheral VASCULAR RESISTANCE and by lowering CARDIAC OUTPUT. Because the baroreceptors are tonically active, the baroreflex can compensate rapidly for both increases and decreases in blood pressure.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Factors which produce cessation of all vital bodily functions. They can be analyzed from an epidemiologic viewpoint.

Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.

A hormone secreted by the ADRENAL CORTEX that regulates electrolyte and water balance by increasing the renal retention of sodium and the excretion of potassium.

A guanidine analog with specific affinity for tissues of the sympathetic nervous system and related tumors. The radiolabeled forms are used as antineoplastic agents and radioactive imaging agents. (Merck Index, 12th ed) MIBG serves as a neuron-blocking agent which has a strong affinity for, and retention in, the adrenal medulla and also inhibits ADP-ribosyltransferase.

Failure to adequately provide oxygen to cells of the body and to remove excess carbon dioxide from them. (Stedman, 25th ed)

A phenoxypropanolamine derivative that is a selective beta-1-adrenergic agonist.

This structure includes the thin muscular atrial septum between the two HEART ATRIA, and the thick muscular ventricular septum between the two HEART VENTRICLES.

Agents that inhibit SODIUM-POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS which are concentrated in the thick ascending limb at the junction of the LOOP OF HENLE and KIDNEY TUBULES, DISTAL. They act as DIURETICS. Excess use is associated with HYPOKALEMIA and HYPERGLYCEMIA.

Therapy with two or more separate preparations given for a combined effect.

Damage to the MYOCARDIUM resulting from MYOCARDIAL REPERFUSION (restoration of blood flow to ischemic areas of the HEART.) Reperfusion takes place when there is spontaneous thrombolysis, THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY, collateral flow from other coronary vascular beds, or reversal of vasospasm.

An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting POTASSIUM CHANNELS and VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. There is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance.

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the right HEART VENTRICLE.

A network of tubules and sacs in the cytoplasm of SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBERS that assist with muscle contraction and relaxation by releasing and storing calcium ions.

Treatment process involving the injection of fluid into an organ or tissue.

A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most cases to normal cardiac rhythm and effective circulation.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

General or unspecified injuries to the heart.

A subclass of beta-adrenergic receptors (RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC, BETA). The adrenergic beta-1 receptors are equally sensitive to EPINEPHRINE and NOREPINEPHRINE and bind the agonist DOBUTAMINE and the antagonist METOPROLOL with high affinity. They are found in the HEART, juxtaglomerular cells, and in the central and peripheral nervous systems.

Surgery performed on the heart.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

The volume of water filtered out of plasma through glomerular capillary walls into Bowman's capsules per unit of time. It is considered to be equivalent to INULIN clearance.

A 21-amino acid peptide produced in a variety of tissues including endothelial and vascular smooth-muscle cells, neurons and astrocytes in the central nervous system, and endometrial cells. It acts as a modulator of vasomotor tone, cell proliferation, and hormone production. (N Eng J Med 1995;333(6):356-63)

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

Glycosides from plants of the genus DIGITALIS. Some of these are useful as cardiotonic and anti-arrhythmia agents. Included also are semi-synthetic derivatives of the naturally occurring glycosides. The term has sometimes been used more broadly to include all CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES, but here is restricted to those related to Digitalis.

The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.

An abnormally rapid ventricular rhythm usually in excess of 150 beats per minute. It is generated within the ventricle below the BUNDLE OF HIS, either as autonomic impulse formation or reentrant impulse conduction. Depending on the etiology, onset of ventricular tachycardia can be paroxysmal (sudden) or nonparoxysmal, its wide QRS complexes can be uniform or polymorphic, and the ventricular beating may be independent of the atrial beating (AV dissociation).

A disturbance in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in favor of the former, leading to potential damage. Indicators of oxidative stress include damaged DNA bases, protein oxidation products, and lipid peroxidation products (Sies, Oxidative Stress, 1991, pxv-xvi).

Inbred rats derived from Sprague-Dawley rats and used for the study of salt-dependent hypertension. Salt-sensitive and salt-resistant strains have been selectively bred to show the opposite genetically determined blood pressure responses to excess sodium chloride ingestion.

Myocardial osteopontin expression coincides with the development of heart failure. (1/12919)

To identify genes that are differentially expressed during the transition from compensated hypertrophy to failure, myocardial mRNA from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with heart failure (SHR-F) was compared with that from age-matched SHR with compensated hypertrophy (SHR-NF) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) by differential display reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Characterization of a transcript differentially expressed in SHR-F yielded a cDNA with homology to the extracellular matrix protein osteopontin. Northern analysis showed low levels of osteopontin mRNA in left ventricular myocardium from WKY and SHR-NF but a markedly increased (approximately 10-fold) level in SHR-F. In myocardium from WKY and SHR-NF, in situ hybridization showed only scant osteopontin mRNA, primarily in arteriolar cells. In SHR-F, in situ hybridization revealed abundant expression of osteopontin mRNA, primarily in nonmyocytes in the interstitial and perivascular space. Similar findings for osteopontin protein were observed in the midwall region of myocardium from the SHR-F group. Consistent with the findings in SHR, osteopontin mRNA was minimally increased (approximately 1.9-fold) in left ventricular myocardium from nonfailing aortic-banded rats with pressure-overload hypertrophy but was markedly increased (approximately 8-fold) in banded rats with failure. Treatment with captopril starting before or after the onset of failure in the SHR reduced the increase in left ventricular osteopontin mRNA levels. Thus, osteopontin expression is markedly increased in the heart coincident with the development of heart failure. The source of osteopontin in SHR-F is primarily nonmyocytes, and its induction is inhibited by an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, suggesting a role for angiotensin II. Given the known biological activities of osteopontin, including cell adhesion and regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression, these data suggest that it could play a role in the pathophysiology of heart failure. (+info)

Effects of amlodipine on sympathetic nerve traffic and baroreflex control of circulation in heart failure. (2/12919)

Short-acting calcium antagonists exert a sympathoexcitation that in heart failure further enhances an already elevated sympathetic activity. Whether this is also the case for long-acting formulations is not yet established, despite the prognostic importance of sympathetic activation in heart failure. It is also undetermined whether in this condition long-acting calcium antagonists favorably affect a mechanism potentially responsible for the sympathetic activation, ie, the baroreflex impairment. In 28 heart failure patients (NYHA functional class II) under conventional treatment we measured plasma norepinephrine and efferent postganglionic muscle sympathetic nerve activity (microneurography) at rest and during arterial baroreceptor stimulation and deactivation induced by stepwise intravenous infusions of phenylephrine and nitroprusside, respectively. Measurements were performed at baseline and after 8 weeks of daily oral amlodipine administration (10 mg/d, 14 patients) or before and after an 8-week period without calcium antagonist administration (14 patients). Amlodipine caused a small and insignificant blood pressure reduction. Heart rate, left ventricular ejection fraction, and plasma renin and aldosterone concentrations were not affected. This was the case also for plasma norepinephrine (from 2.43+/-0.41 to 2.50+/-0.34 nmol/L, mean+/-SEM), muscle sympathetic nerve activity (from 54.4+/-5.9 to 51.0+/-4.3 bursts/min), and arterial baroreflex responses. No change in the above-mentioned variables was seen in the control group. Thus, in mild heart failure amlodipine treatment does not adversely affect sympathetic activity and baroreflex control of the heart and sympathetic tone. This implies that in this condition long-acting calcium antagonists can be administered without untoward neurohumoral effects anytime conventional treatment needs to be complemented by drugs causing additional vasodilatation. (+info)

Gender-related differences in myocyte remodeling in progression to heart failure. (3/12919)

Gender-related differences responsible for the better prognosis of females with heart failure have not been clearly established. To address this issue, we investigated potential gender-related differences in myocyte remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive heart failure rats. Echocardiograms and myocyte growth were compared between males and females at compensated (2, 4, and 6 months) and decompensated (18 months in males and 24 months in females) stages of cardiac hypertrophy. Although left ventricular diastolic dimensions did not differ significantly between failing male and female rats, fractional shortening declined significantly only in failing males. Myocyte cross-sectional area did not change after 4 months of age in both genders, which is likely to be responsible for the absence of a change in left ventricular wall thickness during the progression to heart failure. Myocyte volume and cross-sectional area were significantly larger in males than females at 2, 4, and 6 months of age, although there were no significant differences at the failing stage. Reduced adaptive hypertrophic reserve was observed in males, which is likely to contribute to the higher morbidity and mortality of males with chronic heart failure. (+info)

Hereditary juvenile haemochromatosis: a genetically heterogeneous life-threatening iron-storage disease. (4/12919)

Juvenile haemochromatosis is a rare inborn error of iron metabolism with clinical manifestations before 30 years of age. Unlike adult haemochromatosis which principally affects men, juvenile haemochromatosis affects the sexes equally; it causes early endocrine failure, dilated cardiomyopathy and joint disease. We report four patients (two of each sex) from three pedigrees affected by juvenile haemochromatosis with a mean onset at 22 years (range 14-30). All had endocrine deficiency with postpubertal gonadal failure secondary to pituitary disease; two suffered near-fatal cardiomyopathy with heart failure. Mean time to diagnosis from the first clinical signs of disease was 9.8 years (range 0.5-20) but general health and parameters of iron storage responded favourably to iron-depletion therapy. A 24-year-old man listed for heart transplantation because of cardiomyopathy [left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction 16%] responded to intravenous iron chelation with desferrioxamine combined with phlebotomy (ejection fraction 31%). A 27-year-old woman with subacute biventricular heart failure refractory to medication required orthotopic cardiac transplantation before the diagnosis was established (LV ejection fraction 25%). Genetic studies showed that these two patients with cardiomyopathy from unrelated families were heterozygous for the HFE 845G-->A (C282Y) mutation and wild-type at the H63D locus: complete sequencing of the intron-exon boundaries and entire coding sequence of the HFE gene failed to identify additional lesions. Two siblings in a pedigree without cardiomyopathy were wild-type at the HFE C282Y locus; although the brother harboured a single copy of the 187C-->G (H63D) allele, segregation analysis showed that in neither sibling was the iron-storage disease linked to MHC Class I markers on chromosome 6p. Juvenile haemochromatosis is thus a genetically heterogenous disorder distinct from the common adult variant. (+info)

Sympathetic nerve alterations assessed with 123I-MIBG in the failing human heart. (5/12919)

Norepinephrine (NE) reuptake function is impaired in heart failure and this may participate in myocyte hyperstimulation by the neurotransmitter. This alteration can be assessed by 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy. METHODS: To determine whether the impairment of neuronal NE reuptake was reversible after metoprolol therapy, we studied 18 patients (43+/-7 y) with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy who were stabilized at least for 3 mo with captopril and diuretics. Patients underwent, before and after 6 mo of therapy with metoprolol, measurements of radionuclide left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), maximal oxygen consumption and plasma NE concentration. The cardiac adrenergic innervation function was scintigraphically assessed with MIBG uptake and release measurements on the planar images obtained 20 min and 4 h after tracer injection. To evaluate whether metoprolol had a direct interaction with cardiac MIBG uptake and release, six normal subjects were studied before and after a 1-mo metoprolol intake. RESULTS: In controls, neither cardiac MIBG uptake and release nor circulating NE concentration changed after the 1-mo metoprolol intake. Conversely, after a 6-mo therapy with metoprolol, patients showed increased cardiac MIBG uptake (129%+/-10% versus 138%+/-17%; P = 0.009), unchanged cardiac MIBG release and decreased plasma NE concentration (0.930+/-412 versus 0.721+/-0.370 ng/mL; P = 0.02). In parallel, patients showed improved New York Heart Association class (2.44+/-0.51 versus 2.05+/-0.23; P = 0.004) and increased LVEF (20%+/-8% versus 27%+/-8%; P = 0.0005), whereas maximal oxygen uptake remained unchanged. CONCLUSION: Thus, a parallel improvement of myocardial NE reuptake and of hemodynamics was observed after a 6-mo metoprolol therapy, suggesting that such agents may be beneficial in heart failure by directly protecting the myocardium against excessive NE stimulation. (+info)

Premature morbidity from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. (6/12919)

OBJECTIVE: To determine rates of morbidity due to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: I used the California Hospital Discharge Database, which contains information on all discharges from acute care hospitals in California, to identify women with SLE who had been hospitalized for treatment of either acute myocardial infarction (AMI), congestive heart failure (CHF), or cerebrovascular accident (CVA) from 1991 to 1994. I compared the proportions of hospitalizations for each cause among women with SLE with those in a group of women without SLE, for 3 age strata (18-44 years, 45-64 years, and > or =65 years). RESULTS: Compared with young women without SLE, young women with SLE were 2.27 times more likely to be hospitalized because of AMI (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.08-3.46), 3.80 times more likely to be hospitalized because of CHF (95% CI 2.41-5.19), and 2.05 times more likely to be hospitalized because of CVA (95% CI 1.17-2.93). Among middle-aged women with SLE, the frequencies of hospitalization for AMI and CVA did not differ from those of the comparison group, but the risk of hospitalization for CHF was higher (odds ratio [OR] 1.39, 95% CI 1.05-1.73). Among elderly women with SLE, the risk of hospitalization for AMI was significantly lower (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.51-0.89), the risk of hospitalization for CHF was higher (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.01-1.49), and the risk of hospitalization for CVA was not significantly different from those in the comparison group. CONCLUSION: Young women with SLE are at substantially increased risk of AMI, CHF, and CVA. The relative odds of these conditions decrease with age among women with SLE. (+info)

QT dispersion in patients with chronic heart failure: beta blockers are associated with a reduction in QT dispersion. (7/12919)

OBJECTIVE: To compare QT dispersion in patients with impaired left ventricular systolic function and in matched control patients with normal left ventricular systolic function. DESIGN: A retrospective, case-control study with controls matched 4:1 for age, sex, previous myocardial infarction, and diuretic and beta blocker treatment. SETTING: A regional cardiology centre and a university teaching hospital. PATIENTS: 25 patients with impaired left ventricular systolic function and 100 patients with normal left ventricular systolic function. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: QT and QTc dispersion measured by three methods: the difference between maximum and minimum QT and QTc intervals, the standard deviation of QT and QTc intervals, and the "lead adjusted" QT and QTc dispersion. RESULTS: All measures of QT/QTc dispersion were closely interrelated (r values 0.86 to 0.99; all p < 0.001). All measures of QT and QTc dispersion were significantly increased in the patients with impaired left ventricular systolic function v controls (p < 0.001): 71.9 (6.5) (mean (SEM)) v 46.9 (1.7) ms for QT dispersion, and 83.6 (7.6) v 54.3 (2.1) ms(-1-2) for QTc dispersion. All six dispersion parameters were reduced in patients taking beta blockers (p < 0.05), regardless of whether left ventricular function was normal or impaired-by 9.4 (4.6) ms for QT dispersion (p < 0.05) and by 13.8 (6. 5) ms(-1-2) for QTc dispersion (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: QT and QTc dispersion are increased in patients with systolic heart failure in comparison with matched controls, regardless of the method of measurement and independently of possible confounding factors. beta Blockers are associated with a reduction in both QT and QTc dispersion, raising the possibility that a reduction in dispersion of ventricular repolarisation may be an important antiarrhythmic mechanism of beta blockade. (+info)

Expression of skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium-ATPase is reduced in rats with postinfarction heart failure. (8/12919)

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether heart failure in rats is associated with altered expression of the skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA). METHODS: SERCA protein and mRNA were examined in the soleus muscles of eight female rats with heart failure induced by coronary artery ligation, six weeks after the procedure (mean (SEM) left ventricular end diastolic pressure 20.4 (2.2) mm Hg) and in six sham operated controls by western and northern analyses, respectively. RESULTS: SERCA-2a isoform protein was reduced by 16% (112 000 (4000) v 134 000 (2000) arbitrary units, p < 0.001), and SERCA-2a messenger RNA was reduced by 59% (0.24 (0. 06) v 0.58 (0.02) arbitrary units, p < 0.001). Although rats with heart failure had smaller muscles (0.54 mg/g v 0.66 mg/g body weight), no difference in locomotor activity was observed. CONCLUSIONS: These results may explain the previously documented abnormalities in calcium handling in skeletal muscle from animals with the same model of congestive heart failure, and could be responsible for the accelerated muscle fatigue characteristic of patients with heart failure. (+info)

... heart failure/systemic hypertension, heart failure/pulmonary hypertension, heart failure/diabetes, heart failure/kidney failure ... Heart failure, American Heart Association - information and resources for treating and living with heart failure Heart Failure ... There are different types of heart failure: right-sided heart failure, which affects the right heart, left-sided heart failure ... One historical method of categorizing heart failure is by the side of the heart involved (left heart failure versus right heart ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_failure

However, the main mechanism by which left-sided heart failure causes right-sided heart failure is actually not well understood ... Over time these increases in workload will produce changes to the heart itself: The heart of a person with heart failure may ... pulmonary edema in left heart failure, peripheral edema in right heart failure).[citation needed] Diastolic dysfunction can be ... In heart failure, this mechanism fails, as the ventricle is loaded with blood to the point where heart muscle contraction ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathophysiology_of_heart_failure

When severe heart failure is present and medicines or other heart procedures are not effective, the diseased heart needs to be ... Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is a sudden worsening of the signs and symptoms of heart failure, which typically ... Heart failure due to acute aortic regurgitation is a surgical emergency associated with high mortality. Heart failure may occur ... Heart Failure Society Of America (February 2006). "Evaluation and management of patients with acute decompensated heart failure ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_decompensated_heart_failure

Chronic heart failure: management of chronic heart failure in adults in primary and secondary care. Clinical Guideline 5. ... January 2014). "New devices in heart failure: an European Heart Rhythm Association report: developed by the European Heart ... Krum H, National Heart Foundation of Australia and Cardiac Society of Australia & New Zealand Chronic Heart Failure Clinical ... Tønnessen T, Knudsen CW (August 2005). "Surgical left ventricular remodeling in heart failure". Eur. J. Heart Fail. 7 (5): 704- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_of_heart_failure

The Alliance for Heart Failure's mission is to achieve better outcomes for people with heart failure by ensuring timely ... British Heart Failure Nurses Forum and British Society for Heart Failure) and Joel Rose from Cardiomyopathy UK. They have a 12- ... Focus on Heart Failure' report and makes ten new recommendations to improve heart failure care and patient outcomes. The report ... Heart Failure: A call to action was developed with input from heart failure specialists, patient groups, and professional ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance_for_Heart_Failure

... is a heart condition that occurs when the cardiac output is higher than normal due to increased ... These individuals usually have a normal systolic function but symptoms are those of heart failure. With time, this overload ... PMID 11242561 Causes of High-Output Heart Failure Healthwise Staff of WebMD. Last updated: August 2010. Accessed 10/19/2012. ( ... O'Rouke, R.A., Fuster, V. (2001). Hurst's The Heart (10 (International edition) ed.). McGraw-Hill. p. 661. ISBN 978-0-07-116296 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-output_heart_failure

The Heart Failure Society of America is an American organization of heart failure experts who have an interest in heart ... It has produced advice on categorizing heart failure and it produces guidelines including the 2010 comprehensive heart failure ... Founded in 1995, it provides a forum for experts and patients with the aim of reducing the burden of heart failure. ... In 2018, a forum was created with people of various stages of advanced heart failure and specialists in cardiology. Past ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_Failure_Society_of_America

... (HFpEF) is a form of heart failure in which the ejection fraction - the ... Segura AM, Frazier OH, Buja LM (March 2014). "Fibrosis and heart failure". Heart Failure Reviews. 19 (2): 173-85. doi:10.1007/ ... Zile MR (May 2003). "Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: is this diastolic heart failure?". Journal of the American ... Neither of these situations constitutes a diastolic heart failure. Stiffening of the left ventricle contributes heart failure ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_failure_with_preserved_ejection_fraction

Menon, G; Poskitt, E M (December 1985). "Why does congenital heart disease cause failure to thrive?". Archives of Disease in ... Failure to thrive is more common in developing countries and is mostly driven by malnutrition due to poverty. In an example of ... Failure to thrive is not a specific disease, but a sign of inadequate weight gain. In veterinary medicine, FTT is also referred ... Failure to thrive is most commonly diagnosed before two years of age, when growth rates are highest, though FTT can present ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Failure_to_thrive

Complications of chronic failure also include heart disease, high blood pressure, and anemia. Causes of acute kidney failure ... Kidney failure can be divided into two categories: acute kidney failure or chronic kidney failure. The type of renal failure is ... Kidney failure is classified as either acute kidney failure, which develops rapidly and may resolve; and chronic kidney failure ... Stages of kidney failure Chronic kidney failure is measured in five stages, which are calculated using the person's GFR, or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_failure

... heart failure. Daniel Johnston, 58, American singer-songwriter ("Walking the Cow") and visual artist, heart attack. Annette ... Robert Boyd, 91, American journalist (Knight Ridder) and bureau chief, Pulitzer Prize winner (1973), heart failure. Wayne Brown ... heart failure. Sid Haig, 80, American actor (The Devil's Rejects, Jason of Star Command, THX 1138), complications from a lung ... heart failure. Olav Skjevesland, 77, Norwegian Lutheran prelate, Bishop of Agder og Telemark (1998-2012). Carlos Squeo, 71, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_September_2019

Braunwald E (February 2013). "Heart failure". JACC. Heart Failure. 1 (1): 1-20. doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2012.10.002. PMID 24621794. ... "Characteristics of the novel interleukin family biomarker ST2 in patients with acute heart failure". Journal of the American ... "Identification of serum soluble ST2 receptor as a novel heart failure biomarker". Circulation. 107 (5): 721-6. doi:10.1161/01. ... As a result, the heart is subjected to greater stress in the presence of high levels of soluble ST2. The gene is found on the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IL1RL1

Thomas N. Schroth, 88, American editor (Congressional Quarterly), founder of The National Journal, heart failure. José Carlos ... Mollie Sugden, 86, British actress (Are You Being Served?), heart failure. Rupert Thorneloe, 39, British soldier, Commanding ... Marcey Jacobson, 97, American photographer of indigenous peoples in Mexico, heart failure. James E. King, 69, American ... John Keel, 79, American ufologist and writer (The Mothman Prophecies), heart failure. Barbara Margolis, 79, American prisoners ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_July_2009

Nina Cassian, 89, Romanian poet, heart attack. Joe Curl, 59, American basketball coach (University of Houston), heart failure. ... Hal Cooper, 91, American television director and producer (I Dream of Jeannie, Maude, Gimme a Break!), heart failure. Edna Doré ... Wayne Henderson, 74, American jazz trombonist (The Jazz Crusaders) and record producer, heart failure. Rhondda Alder Kelly, 87 ... Stanislaus Okurut, 84, Ugandan politician, Minister of Labour, Sports and Transport, heart failure. John Pinette, 50, American ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_April_2014

Donald Bain, 82, American writer (Coffee, Tea or Me?), heart failure. Rosaura Barahona, 75, Mexican journalist and feminist ... heart attack. Jim Patterson, 67, American politician, member of the Alabama House of Representatives (since 2010), heart attack ... heart attack. Mary Reveley, 77, British racehorse trainer. M. V. Sridhar, 51, Indian cricketer (Hyderabad), heart attack. ... Bill Puterbaugh, 81, American racing driver (USAC). M. V. S. Haranatha Rao, 70, Indian playwright and actor, heart attack. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_October_2017

"Heart Failure". Pathobiology of Human Disease. Academic Press. pp. 971-994. ISBN 978-0-12-386457-4. Retrieved 2 November 2021. ... Sarcomeres are added in parallel, as for example occurs in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.[citation needed] In the heart, ... The consequence is a decrease in ventricular compliance and diastolic dysfunction, followed eventually by ventricular failure ... concentric hypertrophy is related to increased pressure overload of the heart, often due to hypertension and/or aortic stenosis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentric_hypertrophy

Ken Yuasa, 95, Japanese World War II surgeon, heart failure. Petros Hanna Issa Al-Harboli, 64, Iraqi Chaldean Catholic Bishop ... Jerry Bock, 81, American musical theater composer (Fiddler on the Roof, Fiorello!), heart failure. Kenneth Brown, 77, American ... Smaro Stefanidou, 97, Greek actress, heart failure. Hedy Stenuf, 88, Austrian Olympic figure skater. András Ádám-Stolpa, 89, ... Shirley Verrett, 79, American operatic mezzo-soprano, heart failure. Fernando Bastos de Ávila, 92, Brazilian Roman Catholic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_November_2010

... heart failure. September 15 - Roberto Leal, 67, Portuguese-Brazilian singer, skin cancer. September 19 - María Rivas, 59, ... August 21 - Celso Piña, 66, Mexican cumbia singer, composer and accordionist, heart attack. September 4 - Elton Medeiros [pt], ... heart attack) June 22 - Paulo Pagni [pt], 61, Brazilian drummer (RPM), pulmonary fibrosis. July 6 - João Gilberto, 88, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_in_Latin_music

... heart attack. 29 March - Antonio Caro, 71, conceptual artist; heart failure. 11 April - Guillermo Berrio, 53, footballer; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_in_Colombia

Eijirō Tōno, 86, Japanese actor (Seven Samurai, Tokyo Story, Tora! Tora! Tora!), heart failure. Robert Austerlitz, 70, Romanian ... Arthur Siegel, 70, American songwriter, heart failure. John Stevens, 54, English drummer. Woodie Wilson, 68, American stock car ... Patrick O'Neal, 66, American actor (The Way We Were, The Stepford Wives, Under Siege), respiratory failure. Frank Broome, 79, ... Harry Saltzman, 78, Canadian theatre and film producer, heart attack. Robert L. F. Sikes, 88, American politician. K. A. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_September_1994

Robert W. McNitt, 97, American U.S. Navy rear admiral, dean of admissions at the U.S. Naval Academy, heart failure. Édgar ... Claire Malis, 69, American actress (One Life to Live, From Here to Eternity, The Facts of Life), heart failure and pneumonia. ... Von Freeman, 88, American hard bop jazz tenor saxophonist, heart failure. Lucy Gallardo, 82, Argentine-born Mexican film and ... William Windom, 88, American actor (Murder She Wrote, To Kill a Mockingbird, Star Trek), heart failure. Katsumi Yamauchi, 100, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_August_2012

July 26: Alfredo del Águila (83), soccer player (b. 1935). July 30: Claudia Heinze, model; heart failure. July 31: Rafael ... November 18: Héctor Beltrán Leyva 53, Mexican drug lord, died of a heart attack (b. 1965) November 19: Isidro Olace (83), actor ... May 15 José Lavat, 69, Mexican voice actor, renal failure. May 16: Alejandro Caballero Vértiz, lawyer and judge. May 17: Hernán ... March 21: Saúl Montoya Beltrán (66), baseball player; heart attack (b. 1951). March 22: Jaime Puga, actor and singer. Adela ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_in_Mexico

... heart failure. March 29 - Sarah Onyango Obama, 99, Kenyan educator and philanthropist, grandmother of former U.S. President ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_in_East_Africa

... heart failure. Dame Zaha Hadid, 65, Iraqi-born British architect, heart attack. Imre Kertész, 86, Hungarian writer, laureate of ... Gavin Christopher, 66, American R&B/hip-hop musician, songwriter and producer, heart failure. Martin Crowe, 53, New Zealand ... Ge Cunzhuang, 87, Chinese actor, heart failure. Adriana Innocenti, 89, Italian actress (Eye of the Cat, Lobster for Breakfast, ... heart failure. Masanobu Deme, 83, Japanese film director (Station to Heaven, Baruto no Gakuen). Darryl Hunt, 50, American ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_March_2016

"Heart Failure". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved November 16, 2019. "Isaac M. Scott". USGenNet Great ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_shipwrecks_in_the_Thunder_Bay_National_Marine_Sanctuary

"Habitual coffee consumption and risk of heart failure: a dose-response meta-analysis". Circulation. Heart Failure. 5 (4): 401- ... A 2012 meta-analysis concluded that people who drank moderate amounts of coffee had a lower rate of heart failure, with the ... Wu JN, Ho SC, Zhou C, Ling WH, Chen WQ, Wang CL, Chen YM (November 2009). "Coffee consumption and risk of coronary heart ... September 2021). "2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice". European Heart Journal. 42 ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee

NSAIDs and the Development of Congestive Heart Failure in Elderly Patients NSAIDs May Increase Risk for Worsening Heart Failure ... heart failure; after coronary artery bypass surgery; and during the third trimester of pregnancy. Known mild side effects of ... Symptoms of overdosing include kidney failure, gastrointestinal problems, bleeding, rashes, confusion, hallucinations, vertigo ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mefenamic_acid

... heart failure. Archie Campbell, 65, Canadian jurist. James B. Davis, 90, American founder of The Dixie Hummingbirds, heart ... heart failure. Audrey Santo, 23, American brain-injured girl claimed to have performed miracles, cardio-respiratory failure. ... heart failure. Kevin Crease, 70, Australian television newsreader, cancer. Walter Hendl, 90, American conductor, heart and lung ... Kitty Carlisle, 96, American actress (A Night at the Opera), TV personality (To Tell the Truth) and singer, heart failure. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_April_2007

... heart failure. Charles E. Silberman, 86, American journalist and author (Criminal Violence, Criminal Justice), heart attack. ... Ching Arellano, 50, Filipino actor and comedian, heart failure. Kevin Barry, Sr., 74, New Zealand boxing coach, after long ... David F. Friedman, 87, American film producer (Blood Feast), heart failure. Cecil Kaiser, 94, American Negro league baseball ... Tura Satana, 72, American actress (Faster, Pussycat! Kill! Kill!), heart failure. Earl Irvin West, 90, American church ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_February_2011

Starr had known that heart disease could precede congestive heart failure by several years, but at the time heart disease was ... Albert Lasker Award of the American Heart Association (1957) "for fundamental contributions to knowledge of the heart and the ... Heart Failure. Washington: Hemisphere Pub. Corp. ISBN 978-0-07-021118-6. LCCN 78059673. Starr, Isaac; Alfred Newton Richards ( ... where he later became a heart disease specialist, motivated by the heart disease-related death of his mother. After returning ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Starr

... and died from heart failure on January 18, 1986, in Buenos Aires. In February 2011 it was reported that many artifacts germane ... At the same time, the themes of tango lyrics evolved from light-hearted ribaldry into more complex stories delving on love and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmundo_Rivero

... heart failure. Carlos Mamery, 54, Puerto Rican music producer and television personality (Idol Puerto Rico), heart attack. A. J ... Norman Bridwell, 86, American author and cartoonist (Clifford the Big Red Dog), heart failure. James Clarke, 91, English ... Horacio Ferrer, 81, Uruguayan poet, broadcaster and tango lyricist, heart failure. Chris Hall, 64, Canadian lacrosse coach ( ... Raymond M. Durkin, 78, American politician, complications related to heart failure and emphysema. Mike Elliott, 68, British ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_December_2014

Desperate for money, she recovers her first fugitive, delivering her nudist neighbor to the police for failure to appear. In ... right where Heigl's heart should be." Andrew Barker from Variety wrote about Heigl having "an almost standoffish lack of ... a feeling which is only reinforced by its late-January release and failure to be screened for critics." Jeff Otto from ... 2012 and was both a critical and commercial failure. The film received extremely negative reviews from critics, with many ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_for_the_Money_(film)

He blames the assertedly disastrous result on the Federal Circuit's failure to "consider the claim as a whole," instead of ... he panel's decision striking down Sequenom's noninvasive prenatal test strikes at the very heart of the patent system. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ariosa_v._Sequenom

... died of congestive heart failure at Laurel Regional Hospital in Laurel, Maryland, on August 9, 2011, at the age of 91 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimi_Lee

Heart failure was given as the cause of death. On Boxing Day 1949 the "Gwyn Nicholls Memorial Gates" were officially opened at ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwyn_Nicholls

The game is an action role-playing game with a battle system similar to those from the Kingdom Hearts series and Type-0. The ... RPG Site's Chelsi Laire called the subseries "a series of successes and failures, but mostly the latter" due to its troubled ... Versus XIII's development was headed by the team behind the console Kingdom Hearts games. Like XIII, the game was a PS3 ... Etro gives humans pieces of chaos that become their "hearts". Because humans held chaos within them, they maintained the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabula_Nova_Crystallis_Final_Fantasy

... "real failure," and to the work he did as, "political hackery." He said that if he had taken a job offer with Deloitte, ... www.timescolonist.com/news/local/how-a-victoria-kid-ended-up-at-heart-of-facebook-data-mining-story-1.23206550 Archived 2019-01 ... Jack Knox, 'How a Victoria kid ended up at heart of Facebook data-mining story', The Times Colonist, 20 March 2018 https:// ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Wylie

... such as heart failure, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Studies with human pharmacology and genetics, genetically manipulated ... It sticks platelets together and promotes clotting; inhibiting this helps prevent heart disease. On the other hand, PTGS2 (COX- ... Low-dose aspirin protects against heart attacks and strokes by blocking PTGS1 (COX-1) from forming a prostaglandin called ... Mechanisms of COX-2 inhibitor risk to heart disease". Life Sciences. 88 (1-2): 24-30. doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2010.10.017. PMC ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostaglandin-endoperoxide_synthase_2

I want to say in the most forceful way I can: I certainly hope so." In the wake of the Lincoln failure, former FHLBB chair Gray ... A delay was also caused when Pryor suffered a heart attack in April 1991, and was replaced on the committee by Jeff Bingaman. ... The U.S. savings and loan crisis of the 1980s and early 1990s was the failure of 747 savings and loan associations in the ... Gonzalez held 50 hours of hearings into the Lincoln failure and associated events. By November 1989, the estimated cost of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keating_Five

23-24 ISBN 978-0-415-35385-4. Johnson, Walter, 1967- (14 April 2020). The broken heart of America : St. Louis and the violent ... looked to the US for guidance and were not willing to arm the enemies of the US with more propaganda about its failures in ... Self 2012, p. 79 Bibby, Michael (1996). Hearts and Minds: Bodies, Poetry, and Resistance in the Vietnam Era. Perspectives on ... The Broken Heart of America, Harvard professor Walter Johnson wrote that on many occasions throughout the history of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_genocide

His lack of influential allies in Whitehall led to the failure of this mission.[citation needed] At this time, many members of ... ISBN 978-1-137-45242-9. The question at the heart of this volume is the reliability, indeed, the fundamental honesty, of Donald ... such as parts of the Italian grammar to be learned by heart, to be performed by the loser before their next meeting. Franklin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin

... acute 428.2 Systolic heart failure 428.3 Diastolic heart failure 428.4 Heart failure, combined, unspec. 429 Ill-defined ... dysrhythmia unspecified Gallop rhythm 428 Heart failure 428.0 Congestive heart failure unspecified 428.1 Left heart failure ... 390 Rheumatic fever without mention of heart involvement 391 Rheumatic fever with heart involvement 391.9 Rheumatic heart ... chronic ischemic heart disease 414.0 Coronary atherosclerosis 414.1 Aneurysm and dissection of heart 414.10 Aneurysm of heart ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ICD-9_codes_390–459:_diseases_of_the_circulatory_system

As the sole official representative of East German youth, the FDJ's main objective was to win over the hearts and minds of ... "failure of the organisation" because "the concentrated presence of former full-time officials" prevented a "radical break with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_German_Youth

If we fail in Iraq-and I don't think we will-it won't be because the American people lack heart, but because leaders and ... The Anatomy of Failure in War, Free Press, 1990, ISBN 0-02-906060-5. With Thomas A. Keaney, Gulf War Air Power Survey Summary ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliot_A._Cohen

In May 1966, after a heart attack, the 42-year-old Savundra sold his FAM shares to his FAM directors. Led by Stuart de Quincy ... His only criminal offence in Ceylon was the failure to pay an Inland Revenue bill based on earnings from some of his economic ... victims of the insurance-company failure) as "peasants" and claimed "no moral responsibility" for what had happened. Frost (who ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emil_Savundra

It has the distinction of being the work Johnson considered his greatest failure. Since his death, the critical consensus has ... "the heart begins after a while to sink except in the most resolute Johnsonian, and sometimes even then." Boswell 1980, p. 1068 ... and that Irene was a failure because Johnson's best poetry (such as The Vanity of Human Wishes) was "a poetry of statement, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irene_(play)

On July 11, 2008 in Alexandria, Virginia of respiratory failure. He was preceded in death by his first wife, Barbara in 1980. ... the Navy Commendation Medal and the Purple Heart. Kerwin's service awards include the American Defense Service Medal, European ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_T._Kerwin_Jr.

Despite the failures of his Bolivian post, Appleton continued his interest in international relations by taking up a position ... Industrialized Lowell is criticized for commercialism, as "not in such places are republican spirits and Spartan hearts best ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Appleton

Cauchon died abruptly of heart failure at the age of 71 on 15 December 1442 in Rouen. He was buried in Lisieux Cathedral ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Cauchon

... died in Bergamo on 25 March 2000, due to heart failure. His work as planetary scientist changed the view of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paolo_Farinella

According to his brother Paul, the cause of death was heart failure. Also according to Paul, Joe was never healthy again after ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Tofflemire

He was appalled by the attitude of the Canadian government towards the native peoples and its failure to adhere to its ... at heart, and made him an honorary member of the order. In 1883, he wrote a Blackfoot dictionary and grammar for Oblate Fathers ... Scollen took great care to avoid politics but following the failure of the Dominion government to fulfill its treaty ... obligations under the various treaties.(These failures contributed to the 1885 North-West Rebellion/Resistance) He had seen the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantine_Scollen

Martínez died on 1 December 2009 of heart failure, at the age of 59. Martínez held Austrian citizenship. His son is the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberto_Martínez_(footballer,_born_1950)

Onishi died on September 23, 2022, reportedly of acute heart failure. Hirwani, Peony (2022-09-25). "Founder of world's first ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuki_Onishi_(chef)

... which recognises the failure within oneself, not even as much in the sin committed, as in the very being. I was trained even ... to the work of the heart and of the mind'. They were then joined by Sister Katharine. Shortly before the Monastery moved from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_Thekla

"VR and The Failure of Self Help Technology". Canadian Art. Canadian Art. Retrieved 2018-10-24. "Current Members (18-19)". Locus ... As part of her work, Gee has become a self-taught robotics specialist, measuring "actors' sweat production, heart rate, blood ... for example creating music and moving machinery inspired by recordings of heart rate and anxiety. Her works have been shown and ... with an oculus headset and a biosensor connected to the user's hand would measure changes in their skin conductance and heart ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erin_Gee_(artist)

The blonde young man also takes refuge there, down at heart both by the failure to win Frances and the fact that, in order to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobody_Home_(film)

Zhang submitted a report on the failures of the campaign, and as a result Wang was removed from his office. Zhang was ... Why should there be defensive bulwarks to allow soldiers to have fearful hearts? It was only later when another general, Chang ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhang_Renyuan

But after the failure of the Rising and the subsequent executions of the leading revolutionaries the tricolour and 'The ... Keenan, Dan (9 January 2014). "Loyalists line up to learn cúpla focail at language classes in heart of east Belfast". Irish ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Ireland

... which explored the effects of two different therapies on heart failure outcomes, were featured during the first ... Director of Heart Failure Research, Cardiovascular Medicine; Co-Director Heart & Vascular Center Clinical Research, Heart & ... The results of the TRANSFORM-HF study, which explored the effects of two different therapies on heart failure outcomes, were ... Nevertheless, the current guidelines for diuretic agents which are a mainstay of therapy for heart failure have remained ...

https://medicine.yale.edu/news-article/transform-hf-loop-diuretics-show-no-difference-in-mortality-and-hospitalizations-for-heart-failure/

... a serious condition when the heart cannot pump enough blood and oxygen to support other organs in your body. ... medicines to treat heart failure, and missed days of work.. Deaths from Heart Failure Vary by Geography. Heart failure is more ... Heart failure happens when the heart cannot pump enough blood and oxygen to support other organs in your body. Heart failure is ... Facts About Heart Failure in the United States. *About 6.2 million adults in the United States have heart failure.1 ...

https://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/heart_failure.htm

Heart failure develops when the heart, via an abnormality of cardiac function (detectable or not), fails to pump blood at a ... At high risk for heart failure but without structural heart disease or symptoms of heart failure ... Diastolic heart failure may be the most common form of heart failure in the US population. [25] Alterations in ventricular- ... In heart failure, a history of an acute cardiac event or of progressive symptoms of heart failure is usually present. The ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/163062-86242/how-is-heart-failure-differentiated-from-pulmonary-edema

Heart failure is a condition in which the heart is no longer able to pump oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body efficiently ... Congestive heart failure; Left-sided heart failure; Right-sided heart failure - cor pulmonale; Cardiomyopathy - heart failure; ... Heart failure is present when:. *Your heart muscle cannot contract very well. This is called systolic heart failure, or heart ... New, abnormal heart rhythms Most of the time, heart failure is a chronic illness. Some people develop severe heart failure. At ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000158.htm

El Bindary, E.M. & Darwish, A.Z. (‎2001)‎. New biochemical markers in chronic heart failure. EMHJ - Eastern Mediterranean ... We conclude that cytokine neuroendocrine activation may form part of advanced stage heart failure. It may also be responsible ... and TNF-alpha and BMI and leptin and BMI were negatively correlated in stages III and IV of heart failure. ... in 80 male patients who presented with chronic heart failure [‎mean age: 47 +/- 4 years]‎ at Tanta University Hospital. Plasma ...

https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/119077

Also, women who never gave birth seemed at increased risk for a type of heart failure in which the left side of the heart fails ... Having more children was not associated with heart failure risk, according to the study published May 15 in the Journal of the ... Timing of Menopause May Affect Heart Failure Risk Women whose periods end early and those who never give birth seem at added ... In the study, earlier menopause was associated with increased risk of heart failure, and this link was stronger in women who ...

https://www.webmd.com/menopause/news/20170515/timing-of-menopause-may-affect-heart-failure-risk?src=RSS_PUBLIC

JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?authority=Heart+Failure&type=mesh

Heart failure-also known as congestive heart failure, or CHF-is a chronic but manageable condition that affects nearly 6 ... Heart failure-also known as congestive heart failure, or CHF-is a chronic but manageable condition that affects nearly 6 ... director of the Johns Hopkins Bayview Comprehensive Heart Failure Program, offers these guidelines to help heart failure ... Watch for signs that your heart failure is getting worse, such as shortness of breath, or swelling in the legs or abdomen. ...

https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/news/publications/johns_hopkins_health/spring_2012/heart_failure_care_checklist

... An overview of what Congestive Heart Failure is. This page covers topics such as causes, who is at ... You just viewed Congestive Heart Failure. Please take a moment to rate this material. ... CHF, Congestive Heart Failure, heart failure Disciplines:. * Science and Technology / Health Sciences / Geriatrics ...

https://merlot.org/merlot/viewMaterial.htm?id=417327

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is when blood backs up in the heart. ... Heart failure is when the heart cant pump blood the way it should. ... Treatment can help with heart failure and sometimes control it.. What Is Congestive Heart Failure?. Congestive heart failure ( ... What Is Heart Failure?. Heart failure is when the heart cant deliver as much blood to the body as it should. If that happens, ...

https://www.kidshealth.org/Hackensack/en/parents/congestive-heart-failure.html?WT.ac=p-ra

Heart Failure is a big deal and often misunderstood. Learn what heart failure is, how its projected to get bigger in the ... Heart Failure Explained , WIRED Brand Lab. *About. BRANDED CONTENT , Produced by WIRED Brand Lab with Novartis , Heart Failure ... Learn what heart failure is, how its projected to get bigger in the coming years and how you can treat it. ... that results in one kind of heart failure, known as. heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, or HFrEF. ...

https://www.wired.com/video/watch/heart-failure-explained

Heart failure Our main research interest in acquired heart disease is to develop, validate, and translate improved imaging ...

https://www.kcl.ac.uk/bmeis/our-departments/research-specialisms/cardiovascular-imaging/heart-failure

Anyone here with congestive or diastolic heart failure? ... Was diagnosed with heart failure last year. I am struggling ... I was told in October of 2021 that I had dyastolic heart failure and at last cardiologist visit in Jan, I was told it has ... I was told in October of 2021 that I had dyastolic heart failure and at last cardiologist visit in Jan, I was told it has ... I guess CHF is more common, and different than diastolic heart failure and the two really cant be lumped together.. And I ...

https://www.diabetesdaily.com/forum/threads/heart-failure.138552/

Decompensated heart failure is severe heart failure that requires immediate medical attention. Symptoms include breathlessness ... Acute decompensated heart failure. Acute decompensated heart failure is the most common form of acute heart failure and occurs ... Can heart failure cause swollen feet?. Heart failure can cause a buildup of fluid in the body, resulting in swollen feet, ... adults with heart failure in the United States. The organization also states that heart failure was responsible for more than ...

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/decompensated-heart-failure

... people without heart failure, people with heart failure who also had diabetes and people with heart failure who did not have ... more in diabetic heart failure patients than it does in people who either dont have heart failure or have heart failure ... The cells work in concert to make the heart contract and relax with each beat. In patients suffering from heart failure, heart ... diabetes can cause heart failure. The findings could lead to medications to treat and perhaps prevent heart failure in diabetes ...

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/822363

Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation Fellowship. Overview. The Stollery Childrens Hospital is currently the institution ... heart failure consults and transplant assessments. *outpatient transplant clinic once weekly and additional ad hoc clinics for ... Since 2013, an independent service for heart failure and cardiomyopathy was initialized. We are working in close continuous ... Western Canadian transplant tele-health rounds weekly and heart failure rounds every second weekly (fellow presenting the local ...

https://www.ualberta.ca/pediatrics/pediatric-education-programs/fellowship-training/cardiology-fellowships/advanced-heart-failure-and-transplantation-fellowship.html

Should congestive heart failure be thought to be caused by atherosclerotic heart disease, risk factors for heart disease may be ... Explore heart disease diagnosis, treatment, and preventing heart failure. Read more: Heart Disease: Symptoms, Signs, and Causes ... Listening to the heart sounds may uncover abnormal beats called gallops that are heard in heart failure. Murmurs may help ... Heart Disease: Symptoms, Signs, and Causes. What is heart disease (coronary artery disease)? Symptoms of heart disease include ...

https://www.medicinenet.com/how_do_you_check_for_congestive_heart_failure/ask.htm

... called left ventricular heart failure, or left-sided heart failure), a series of compensatory reactions are initiated that may ... One mechanism of compensation associated with left ventricular failure is left ventricular enlargement, which can increase the ... blood to the lungs and body means that even a slight decrease in ventricular efficiency can have a significant impact on heart ... Right ventricular heart failure (sometimes called right-sided heart failure) results in right-sided alterations in the ...

https://www.britannica.com/science/cardiovascular-disease/Ventricular-dysfunction-in-heart-failure

Learn about the symptoms, causes, risk factors, and treatments for heart failure. ... Heart failure is a condition that occurs when your heart cant pump enough blood for your bodys needs. ... The term "heart failure" does not mean that your heart has stopped. However, heart failure is a serious condition that needs ... Heart failure, also known as congestive heart failure, is a condition that develops when your heart doesnt pump enough blood ...

https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/heart-failure

... Am Heart J. 2010 Dec;160(6):1149-55. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj. ... Background: Although hypoalbuminemia has been associated with decreased survival in chronic systolic heart failure (HF), its ... role for prognosticating outcomes in those with acutely decompensated heart failure (ADHF) has not been established. ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21146671/?dopt=Abstract

Ask questions and get answers from people sharing their experience with Congestive Heart Failure. ... Displaying 38 questions associated with Congestive Heart Failure.. Metoprolol Succinate vs Tartrate - Whats the difference ... I have been diagnosed with congestive heart failure. This of course causes retention of fluids in my body when I ingest ... Join the Congestive Heart Failure group to help and get support from people like you. ...

https://www.drugs.com/answers/support-group/congestive-heart-failure/questions/

... for evaluating agencies against the American Heart Associations science-based guidelines and standards for heart failure ... The American Heart Association will be launching a certification for palliative/hospice heart failure. This certification ... The agency is recognized by the AHA, based on professional evaluation criteria designed by heart failure and palliative/hospice ... Confidence their heart failure treatment is coordinated from admission and throughout palliative/hospice care ...

https://www.heart.org/en/professional/quality-improvement/healthcare-certification/certified-care/palliative-and-hospice-heart-failure-care

Find out what makes us such a unique institution and discover the vibrant student life that is at the heart of our community. ...

https://www.sgul.ac.uk/for-students/your-academic-life/term-dates/postgraduate-term-dates/msc-heart-failure

Comparing CABG to medical therapy groups, the authors note that CABG reduced all cause, cardiovascular, and heart failure ... This was due to fewer total cardiovascular hospitalizations, the majority due to heart failure. ... growth and replication of cardiomyocytes derived from stem cells is insufficient to permit regeneration of functioning heart ...

https://www.ctsnet.org/taxonomy2018/heart-failure?page=6

... : Read clinically focused news coverage of key ... Presentation: Hyperkalemia: Implication for heart failure management. Date: September 18, 2016. Presentation: Case discussion- ... Heart Failure Society of America (HFSA) 20th Annual Scientific Meeting September 17 - 20, 2016; Orlando, Florida ... Undiagnosed AF, Subclinical Strokes May Be Common in Preserved-EF Heart Failure: ARIC Subclinical strokes in HFpEF could have ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewcollection/33834

Diabetes can increase ones risk of chronic heart diseases such as heart failure. Heres what leads to an increased risk. ... People with heart failure and diabetes may have worse clinical results than those with heart failure alone, there are ... Here are some lifestyle changes that can significantly lower your risk of heart failure and other heart diseases:. *Regularly ... World Diabetes Day 2022: Diabetes can increase ones risk of chronic heart diseases such as heart failure. Heres what leads to ...

https://www.ndtv.com/health/diabetes-complications-can-diabetes-lead-to-heart-failure-3454049

Mitochondrial Ca2+ and the development of heart failure. Dysregulation of Ca2+ homeostasis is a hallmark of heart failure. ... Mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation in heart failure. Heart failure is associated with heightened inflammatory response ... precursors in heart failure patients is required before its efficacy on heart failure progression can be determined. ... Improvement in cardiac energetics by perhexiline in heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy. JACC Heart Fail. 2015;3(3):202 ...

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/120849

Types of heart failure affect the left side of the heart: systolic and diastolic. Learn more about the differences between them ... Types of heart failure. (2017).. heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-failure/what-is-heart-failure/types-of-heart-failure. ... Ejection fraction heart failure measurement. (2017).. heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-failure/diagnosing-heart-failure/ ... Both types of left-sided heart failure can lead to right-sided heart failure. Right-sided heart failure happens when the right ...

https://www.healthline.com/health/heart-failure/systolic-vs-diastolic

Common Causes of Dog Congestive Heart Failure. There are two common cause of congestive heart failure in dogs: degenerative ... Symptoms of Canine Congestive Heart Failure. Regardless of the cause of your dogs congestive heart failure, the symptoms will ... to heart failure. Understanding the Anatomy of Your Dogs Heart. Your dogs heart has four chambers, a left and right atrium ( ... Canine congestive heart failure happens when your dogs heart is no longer able to pump blood to the rest of his body as ...

https://www.vetinfo.com/symptoms-canine-congestive-heart-failure.html

Anatomy18

Organisms7

Diseases58

Chemicals and Drugs57

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment78

Phenomena and Processes37

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena3

Humanities1

Information Science7

Named Groups1

Health Care45

Geographicals1

Myocardial osteopontin expression coincides with the development of heart failure. (1/12919)

Effects of amlodipine on sympathetic nerve traffic and baroreflex control of circulation in heart failure. (2/12919)

Gender-related differences in myocyte remodeling in progression to heart failure. (3/12919)

Hereditary juvenile haemochromatosis: a genetically heterogeneous life-threatening iron-storage disease. (4/12919)

Sympathetic nerve alterations assessed with 123I-MIBG in the failing human heart. (5/12919)

Premature morbidity from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. (6/12919)

QT dispersion in patients with chronic heart failure: beta blockers are associated with a reduction in QT dispersion. (7/12919)

Expression of skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium-ATPase is reduced in rats with postinfarction heart failure. (8/12919)

No FAQ available that match "heart failure"

Heart Failure

Heart

Heart Rate

Cardiac Output, Low

Heart Failure, Systolic

Heart Failure, Diastolic

Stroke Volume

Myocardium

Heart Diseases

Heart Transplantation

Cardiomyopathy, Dilated

Natriuretic Peptide, Brain

Ventricular Function, Left

Ventricular Dysfunction, Left

Hemodynamics

Treatment Failure

Chronic Disease

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists

Ventricular Remodeling

Heart Defects, Congenital

Treatment Outcome

Echocardiography

Cardiotonic Agents

Myocardial Contraction

Time Factors

Cardiac Pacing, Artificial

Heart Function Tests

Follow-Up Studies

Cardiomyopathies

Prospective Studies

Cardiomegaly

Myocardial Infarction

Myocytes, Cardiac

Diuretics

Prognosis

Risk Factors

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Heart Atria

Heart-Assist Devices

Hospitalization

Fetal Heart

Propanolamines

Myocardial Ischemia

Exercise Test

Systole

Disease Models, Animal

Biological Markers

Heart Valves

Severity of Illness Index

Heart Ventricles

Diastole

Retrospective Studies

Dogs

Predictive Value of Tests

Exercise Tolerance

Digoxin

Kidney Failure, Chronic

Atrial Natriuretic Factor

Ventricular Dysfunction

Carbazoles

Sympathetic Nervous System

Oxygen Consumption

Patient Readmission

Echocardiography, Doppler

Heart Block

Ventricular Pressure

Risk Assessment

Proportional Hazards Models

Cardiovascular Agents

Pulmonary Wedge Pressure

Double-Blind Method

Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists

Survival Analysis

Metoprolol

Spironolactone

Failure to Thrive

Cohort Studies

Survival Rate

Pacemaker, Artificial

Blood Pressure