Bacteremia: The presence of viable bacteria circulating in the blood. Fever, chills, tachycardia, and tachypnea are common acute manifestations of bacteremia. The majority of cases are seen in already hospitalized patients, most of whom have underlying diseases or procedures which render their bloodstreams susceptible to invasion.Health Status: The level of health of the individual, group, or population as subjectively assessed by the individual or by more objective measures.Public Health: Branch of medicine concerned with the prevention and control of disease and disability, and the promotion of physical and mental health of the population on the international, national, state, or municipal level.Delivery of Health Care: The concept concerned with all aspects of providing and distributing health services to a patient population.Health Policy: Decisions, usually developed by government policymakers, for determining present and future objectives pertaining to the health care system.Health Surveys: A systematic collection of factual data pertaining to health and disease in a human population within a given geographic area.Health Care Reform: Innovation and improvement of the health care system by reappraisal, amendment of services, and removal of faults and abuses in providing and distributing health services to patients. It includes a re-alignment of health services and health insurance to maximum demographic elements (the unemployed, indigent, uninsured, elderly, inner cities, rural areas) with reference to coverage, hospitalization, pricing and cost containment, insurers' and employers' costs, pre-existing medical conditions, prescribed drugs, equipment, and services.Health Promotion: Encouraging consumer behaviors most likely to optimize health potentials (physical and psychosocial) through health information, preventive programs, and access to medical care.Mental Health: The state wherein the person is well adjusted.Health: The state of the organism when it functions optimally without evidence of disease.Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections: Infections caused by bacteria that show up as pink (negative) when treated by the gram-staining method.Sepsis: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK.Attitude to Health: Public attitudes toward health, disease, and the medical care system.Health Care Surveys: Statistical measures of utilization and other aspects of the provision of health care services including hospitalization and ambulatory care.Health Planning: Planning for needed health and/or welfare services and facilities.Health Services Accessibility: The degree to which individuals are inhibited or facilitated in their ability to gain entry to and to receive care and services from the health care system. Factors influencing this ability include geographic, architectural, transportational, and financial considerations, among others.Anti-Bacterial Agents: Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.Staphylococcal Infections: Infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.Primary Health Care: Care which provides integrated, accessible health care services by clinicians who are accountable for addressing a large majority of personal health care needs, developing a sustained partnership with patients, and practicing in the context of family and community. (JAMA 1995;273(3):192)Health Behavior: Behaviors expressed by individuals to protect, maintain or promote their health status. For example, proper diet, and appropriate exercise are activities perceived to influence health status. Life style is closely associated with health behavior and factors influencing life style are socioeconomic, educational, and cultural.Quality of Health Care: The levels of excellence which characterize the health service or health care provided based on accepted standards of quality.Health Services: Services for the diagnosis and treatment of disease and the maintenance of health.Insurance, Health: Insurance providing coverage of medical, surgical, or hospital care in general or for which there is no specific heading.World Health: The concept pertaining to the health status of inhabitants of the world.Health Personnel: Men and women working in the provision of health services, whether as individual practitioners or employees of health institutions and programs, whether or not professionally trained, and whether or not subject to public regulation. (From A Discursive Dictionary of Health Care, 1976)Oral Health: The optimal state of the mouth and normal functioning of the organs of the mouth without evidence of disease.Health Services Needs and Demand: Health services required by a population or community as well as the health services that the population or community is able and willing to pay for.Health Education: Education that increases the awareness and favorably influences the attitudes and knowledge relating to the improvement of health on a personal or community basis.Health Services Research: The integration of epidemiologic, sociological, economic, and other analytic sciences in the study of health services. Health services research is usually concerned with relationships between need, demand, supply, use, and outcome of health services. The aim of the research is evaluation, particularly in terms of structure, process, output, and outcome. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)Health Expenditures: The amounts spent by individuals, groups, nations, or private or public organizations for total health care and/or its various components. These amounts may or may not be equivalent to the actual costs (HEALTH CARE COSTS) and may or may not be shared among the patient, insurers, and/or employers.Public Health Administration: Management of public health organizations or agencies.Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice: Knowledge, attitudes, and associated behaviors which pertain to health-related topics such as PATHOLOGIC PROCESSES or diseases, their prevention, and treatment. This term refers to non-health workers and health workers (HEALTH PERSONNEL).Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections: Infections caused by bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain (positive) when treated by the gram-staining method.Environmental Health: The science of controlling or modifying those conditions, influences, or forces surrounding man which relate to promoting, establishing, and maintaining health.Health Status Disparities: Variation in rates of disease occurrence and disabilities between population groups defined by socioeconomic characteristics such as age, ethnicity, economic resources, or gender and populations identified geographically or similar measures.Occupational Health: The promotion and maintenance of physical and mental health in the work environment.Cross Infection: Any infection which a patient contracts in a health-care institution.Patient Acceptance of Health Care: The seeking and acceptance by patients of health service.Health Care Rationing: Planning for the equitable allocation, apportionment, or distribution of available health resources.Blood: The body fluid that circulates in the vascular system (BLOOD VESSELS). Whole blood includes PLASMA and BLOOD CELLS.Public Health Practice: The activities and endeavors of the public health services in a community on any level.Health Priorities: Preferentially rated health-related activities or functions to be used in establishing health planning goals. This may refer specifically to PL93-641.National Health Programs: Components of a national health care system which administer specific services, e.g., national health insurance.Mental Health Services: Organized services to provide mental health care.Delivery of Health Care, Integrated: A health care system which combines physicians, hospitals, and other medical services with a health plan to provide the complete spectrum of medical care for its customers. In a fully integrated system, the three key elements - physicians, hospital, and health plan membership - are in balance in terms of matching medical resources with the needs of purchasers and patients. (Coddington et al., Integrated Health Care: Reorganizing the Physician, Hospital and Health Plan Relationship, 1994, p7)Women's Health: The concept covering the physical and mental conditions of women.Health Care Sector: Economic sector concerned with the provision, distribution, and consumption of health care services and related products.Rural Health: The status of health in rural populations.Health Literacy: Degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions.Community Health Services: Diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive health services provided for individuals in the community.Urban Health: The status of health in urban populations.Staphylococcus aureus: Potentially pathogenic bacteria found in nasal membranes, skin, hair follicles, and perineum of warm-blooded animals. They may cause a wide range of infections and intoxications.Outcome Assessment (Health Care): Research aimed at assessing the quality and effectiveness of health care as measured by the attainment of a specified end result or outcome. Measures include parameters such as improved health, lowered morbidity or mortality, and improvement of abnormal states (such as elevated blood pressure).Attitude of Health Personnel: Attitudes of personnel toward their patients, other professionals, toward the medical care system, etc.Child Health Services: Organized services to provide health care for children.World Health Organization: A specialized agency of the United Nations designed as a coordinating authority on international health work; its aim is to promote the attainment of the highest possible level of health by all peoples.Catheters, Indwelling: Catheters designed to be left within an organ or passage for an extended period of time.Catheterization, Central Venous: Placement of an intravenous CATHETER in the subclavian, jugular, or other central vein.Community Health Planning: Planning that has the goals of improving health, improving accessibility to health services, and promoting efficiency in the provision of services and resources on a comprehensive basis for a whole community. (From Facts on File Dictionary of Health Care Management, 1988, p299)Rural Health Services: Health services, public or private, in rural areas. The services include the promotion of health and the delivery of health care.Retrospective Studies: Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.Health Facilities: Institutions which provide medical or health-related services.Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.Regional Health Planning: Planning for health resources at a regional or multi-state level.Health Manpower: The availability of HEALTH PERSONNEL. It includes the demand and recruitment of both professional and allied health personnel, their present and future supply and distribution, and their assignment and utilization.Socioeconomic Factors: Social and economic factors that characterize the individual or group within the social structure.Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A strain of Staphylococcus aureus that is non-susceptible to the action of METHICILLIN. The mechanism of resistance usually involves modification of normal or the presence of acquired PENICILLIN BINDING PROTEINS.Streptococcal Infections: Infections with bacteria of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS.Infant, Newborn: An infant during the first month after birth.Health Resources: Available manpower, facilities, revenue, equipment, and supplies to produce requisite health care and services.Cross-Sectional Studies: Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.Microbial Sensitivity Tests: Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses).Quality Assurance, Health Care: Activities and programs intended to assure or improve the quality of care in either a defined medical setting or a program. The concept includes the assessment or evaluation of the quality of care; identification of problems or shortcomings in the delivery of care; designing activities to overcome these deficiencies; and follow-up monitoring to ensure effectiveness of corrective steps.Prospective Studies: Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.Community Health Centers: Facilities which administer the delivery of health care services to people living in a community or neighborhood.Endocarditis, Bacterial: Inflammation of the ENDOCARDIUM caused by BACTERIA that entered the bloodstream. The strains of bacteria vary with predisposing factors, such as CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; HEART VALVE DISEASES; HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; or intravenous drug use.Escherichia coli Infections: Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI.Catheter-Related Infections: Infections resulting from the use of catheters. Proper aseptic technique, site of catheter placement, material composition, and virulence of the organism are all factors that can influence possible infection.Cohort Studies: Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.Gram-Negative Bacteria: Bacteria which lose crystal violet stain but are stained pink when treated by Gram's method.Preventive Health Services: Services designed for HEALTH PROMOTION and prevention of disease.Treatment Outcome: Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.Public Health Nursing: A nursing specialty concerned with promoting and protecting the health of populations, using knowledge from nursing, social, and public health sciences to develop local, regional, state, and national health policy and research. It is population-focused and community-oriented, aimed at health promotion and disease prevention through educational, diagnostic, and preventive programs.Health Occupations: Professions or other business activities directed to the cure and prevention of disease. For occupations of medical personnel who are not physicians but who are working in the fields of medical technology, physical therapy, etc., ALLIED HEALTH OCCUPATIONS is available.Pneumococcal Infections: Infections with bacteria of the species STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE.Reproductive Health: The physical condition of human reproductive systems.Prevalence: The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.Electronic Health Records: Media that facilitate transportability of pertinent information concerning patient's illness across varied providers and geographic locations. Some versions include direct linkages to online consumer health information that is relevant to the health conditions and treatments related to a specific patient.Incidence: The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.Maternal Health Services: Organized services to provide health care to expectant and nursing mothers.Methicillin Resistance: Non-susceptibility of a microbe to the action of METHICILLIN, a semi-synthetic penicillin derivative.Health Benefit Plans, Employee: Health insurance plans for employees, and generally including their dependents, usually on a cost-sharing basis with the employer paying a percentage of the premium.Enterobacteriaceae Infections: Infections with bacteria of the family ENTEROBACTERIACEAE.Klebsiella Infections: Infections with bacteria of the genus KLEBSIELLA.Community-Acquired Infections: Any infection acquired in the community, that is, contrasted with those acquired in a health care facility (CROSS INFECTION). An infection would be classified as community-acquired if the patient had not recently been in a health care facility or been in contact with someone who had been recently in a health care facility.Actinomycetales Infections: Infections with bacteria of the order ACTINOMYCETALES.Enterococcus: A genus of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria consisting of organisms causing variable hemolysis that are normal flora of the intestinal tract. Previously thought to be a member of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS, it is now recognized as a separate genus.Vancomycin Resistance: Nonsusceptibility of bacteria to the action of VANCOMYCIN, an inhibitor of cell wall synthesis.Time Factors: Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.Pseudomonas Infections: Infections with bacteria of the genus PSEUDOMONAS.Drug Resistance, Bacterial: The ability of bacteria to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).Occupational Health Services: Health services for employees, usually provided by the employer at the place of work.Logistic Models: Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.Fever: An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.Health Services for the Aged: Services for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in the aged and the maintenance of health in the elderly.Public Health Informatics: The systematic application of information and computer sciences to public health practice, research, and learning.Health Services Administration: The organization and administration of health services dedicated to the delivery of health care.Great BritainPopulation Surveillance: Ongoing scrutiny of a population (general population, study population, target population, etc.), generally using methods distinguished by their practicability, uniformity, and frequently their rapidity, rather than by complete accuracy.National Institutes of Health (U.S.): An operating division of the US Department of Health and Human Services. It is concerned with the overall planning, promoting, and administering of programs pertaining to health and medical research. Until 1995, it was an agency of the United States PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE.Bacteriological Techniques: Techniques used in studying bacteria.State Health Plans: State plans prepared by the State Health Planning and Development Agencies which are made up from plans submitted by the Health Systems Agencies and subject to review and revision by the Statewide Health Coordinating Council.Age Factors: Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.Health Plan Implementation: Those actions designed to carry out recommendations pertaining to health plans or programs.Politics: Activities concerned with governmental policies, functions, etc.Interviews as Topic: Conversations with an individual or individuals held in order to obtain information about their background and other personal biographical data, their attitudes and opinions, etc. It includes school admission or job interviews.Cellulitis: An acute, diffuse, and suppurative inflammation of loose connective tissue, particularly the deep subcutaneous tissues, and sometimes muscle, which is most commonly seen as a result of infection of a wound, ulcer, or other skin lesions.Quality Indicators, Health Care: Norms, criteria, standards, and other direct qualitative and quantitative measures used in determining the quality of health care.Catchment Area (Health): A geographic area defined and served by a health program or institution.Salmonella Infections: Infections with bacteria of the genus SALMONELLA.Reproductive Health Services: Health care services related to human REPRODUCTION and diseases of the reproductive system. Services are provided to both sexes and usually by physicians in the medical or the surgical specialties such as REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE; ANDROLOGY; GYNECOLOGY; OBSTETRICS; and PERINATOLOGY.Women's Health Services: Organized services to provide health care to women. It excludes maternal care services for which MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES is available.Health Care Coalitions: Voluntary groups of people representing diverse interests in the community such as hospitals, businesses, physicians, and insurers, with the principal objective to improve health care cost effectiveness.Health Services, Indigenous: Health care provided to specific cultural or tribal peoples which incorporates local customs, beliefs, and taboos.Health Records, Personal: Longitudinal patient-maintained records of individual health history and tools that allow individual control of access.Men's Health: The concept covering the physical and mental conditions of men.Health Planning Guidelines: Recommendations for directing health planning functions and policies. These may be mandated by PL93-641 and issued by the Department of Health and Human Services for use by state and local planning agencies.Gram-Positive Bacteria: Bacteria which retain the crystal violet stain when treated by Gram's method.Family Health: The health status of the family as a unit including the impact of the health of one member of the family on the family as a unit and on individual family members; also, the impact of family organization or disorganization on the health status of its members.Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care): Evaluation procedures that focus on both the outcome or status (OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT) of the patient at the end of an episode of care - presence of symptoms, level of activity, and mortality; and the process (ASSESSMENT, PROCESS) - what is done for the patient diagnostically and therapeutically.Acinetobacter Infections: Infections with bacteria of the genus ACINETOBACTER.Multivariate Analysis: A set of techniques used when variation in several variables has to be studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables.Health Maintenance Organizations: Organized systems for providing comprehensive prepaid health care that have five basic attributes: (1) provide care in a defined geographic area; (2) provide or ensure delivery of an agreed-upon set of basic and supplemental health maintenance and treatment services; (3) provide care to a voluntarily enrolled group of persons; (4) require their enrollees to use the services of designated providers; and (5) receive reimbursement through a predetermined, fixed, periodic prepayment made by the enrollee without regard to the degree of services provided. (From Facts on File Dictionary of Health Care Management, 1988)Urban Health Services: Health services, public or private, in urban areas. The services include the promotion of health and the delivery of health care.Mental Disorders: Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function.Bartonella Infections: Infections by the genus BARTONELLA. Bartonella bacilliformis can cause acute febrile anemia, designated Oroya fever, and a benign skin eruption, called verruga peruana. BARTONELLA QUINTANA causes TRENCH FEVER, while BARTONELLA HENSELAE is the etiologic agent of bacillary angiomatosis (ANGIOMATOSIS, BACILLARY) and is also one of the causes of CAT-SCRATCH DISEASE in immunocompetent patients.Health Planning Support: Financial resources provided for activities related to health planning and development.Rural Population: The inhabitants of rural areas or of small towns classified as rural.Poverty: A situation in which the level of living of an individual, family, or group is below the standard of the community. It is often related to a specific income level.Equipment Contamination: The presence of an infectious agent on instruments, prostheses, or other inanimate articles.Streptococcus pneumoniae: A gram-positive organism found in the upper respiratory tract, inflammatory exudates, and various body fluids of normal and/or diseased humans and, rarely, domestic animals.Adolescent Health Services: Organized services to provide health care to adolescents, ages ranging from 13 through 18 years.Klebsiella pneumoniae: Gram-negative, non-motile, capsulated, gas-producing rods found widely in nature and associated with urinary and respiratory infections in humans.Schools, Public Health: Educational institutions for individuals specializing in the field of public health.Bartonella quintana: A species of gram-negative bacteria in which man is the primary host and the human body louse, Pediculus humanus, the principal vector. It is the etiological agent of TRENCH FEVER.Program Evaluation: Studies designed to assess the efficacy of programs. They may include the evaluation of cost-effectiveness, the extent to which objectives are met, or impact.Bacterial Typing Techniques: Procedures for identifying types and strains of bacteria. The most frequently employed typing systems are BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING and SEROTYPING as well as bacteriocin typing and biotyping.Hospitals, University: Hospitals maintained by a university for the teaching of medical students, postgraduate training programs, and clinical research.Social Justice: An interactive process whereby members of a community are concerned for the equality and rights of all.Allied Health Personnel: Health care workers specially trained and licensed to assist and support the work of health professionals. Often used synonymously with paramedical personnel, the term generally refers to all health care workers who perform tasks which must otherwise be performed by a physician or other health professional.Quality of Life: A generic concept reflecting concern with the modification and enhancement of life attributes, e.g., physical, political, moral and social environment; the overall condition of a human life.Viridans Streptococci: A large heterogeneous group of mostly alpha-hemolytic streptococci. They colonize the respiratory tract at birth and generally have a low degree of pathogenicity. This group of species includes STREPTOCOCCUS MITIS; STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS; STREPTOCOCCUS ORALIS; STREPTOCOCCUS SANGUIS; STREPTOCOCCUS SOBRINUS; and the STREPTOCOCCUS MILLERI GROUP. The latter are often beta-hemolytic and commonly produce invasive pyogenic infections including brain and abdominal abscesses.TaiwanDaptomycin: A cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic that inhibits GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA.Community Mental Health Services: Diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive mental health services provided for individuals in the community.School Health Services: Preventive health services provided for students. It excludes college or university students.Antibiotic Prophylaxis: Use of antibiotics before, during, or after a diagnostic, therapeutic, or surgical procedure to prevent infectious complications.DNA, Bacterial: Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.Sex Factors: Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.Healthcare Disparities: Differences in access to or availability of medical facilities and services.Trench Fever: An intermittent fever characterized by intervals of chills, fever, and splenomegaly each of which may last as long as 40 hours. It is caused by BARTONELLA QUINTANA and transmitted by the human louse.Bacteria: One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.Policy Making: The decision process by which individuals, groups or institutions establish policies pertaining to plans, programs or procedures.Consumer Participation: Community or individual involvement in the decision-making process.Bacterial Infections: Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified.Hospitalization: The confinement of a patient in a hospital.Comprehensive Health Care: Providing for the full range of personal health services for diagnosis, treatment, follow-up and rehabilitation of patients.Staphylococcus: A genus of gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, coccoid bacteria. Its organisms occur singly, in pairs, and in tetrads and characteristically divide in more than one plane to form irregular clusters. Natural populations of Staphylococcus are found on the skin and mucous membranes of warm-blooded animals. Some species are opportunistic pathogens of humans and animals.United States Dept. of Health and Human Services: A cabinet department in the Executive Branch of the United States Government concerned with administering those agencies and offices having programs pertaining to health and human services.Chronic Disease: Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care. (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)Questionnaires: Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.RNA, Ribosomal, 16S: Constituent of 30S subunit prokaryotic ribosomes containing 1600 nucleotides and 21 proteins. 16S rRNA is involved in initiation of polypeptide synthesis.Health Fairs: Community health education events focused on prevention of disease and promotion of health through audiovisual exhibits.Endocarditis: Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart (ENDOCARDIUM), the continuous membrane lining the four chambers and HEART VALVES. It is often caused by microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and rickettsiae. Left untreated, endocarditis can damage heart valves and become life-threatening.Risk Factors: An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.Immunocompromised Host: A human or animal whose immunologic mechanism is deficient because of an immunodeficiency disorder or other disease or as the result of the administration of immunosuppressive drugs or radiation.Health Food: A non-medical term defined by the lay public as a food that has little or no preservatives, which has not undergone major processing, enrichment or refinement and which may be grown without pesticides. (from Segen, The Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)Qualitative Research: Any type of research that employs nonnumeric information to explore individual or group characteristics, producing findings not arrived at by statistical procedures or other quantitative means. (Qualitative Inquiry: A Dictionary of Terms Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1997)Neutropenia: A decrease in the number of NEUTROPHILS found in the blood.EnglandStreptococcus: A genus of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria whose organisms occur in pairs or chains. No endospores are produced. Many species exist as commensals or parasites on man or animals with some being highly pathogenic. A few species are saprophytes and occur in the natural environment.Health Communication: The transfer of information from experts in the medical and public health fields to patients and the public. The study and use of communication strategies to inform and influence individual and community decisions that enhance health.Marketing of Health Services: Application of marketing principles and techniques to maximize the use of health care resources.Longitudinal Studies: Studies in which variables relating to an individual or group of individuals are assessed over a period of time.Needs Assessment: Systematic identification of a population's needs or the assessment of individuals to determine the proper level of services needed.Financing, Government: Federal, state, or local government organized methods of financial assistance.Coagulase: Enzymes that cause coagulation in plasma by forming a complex with human PROTHROMBIN. Coagulases are produced by certain STAPHYLOCOCCUS and YERSINIA PESTIS. Staphylococci produce two types of coagulase: Staphylocoagulase, a free coagulase that produces true clotting of plasma, and Staphylococcal clumping factor, a bound coagulase in the cell wall that induces clumping of cells in the presence of fibrinogen.Educational Status: Educational attainment or level of education of individuals.Pneumonia, Bacterial: Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by bacterial infections.Haemophilus Infections: Infections with bacteria of the genus HAEMOPHILUS.Regression Analysis: Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.Social Class: A stratum of people with similar position and prestige; includes social stratification. Social class is measured by criteria such as education, occupation, and income.United States Public Health Service: A constituent organization of the DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES concerned with protecting and improving the health of the nation.Pregnancy: The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.Infection Control: Programs of disease surveillance, generally within health care facilities, designed to investigate, prevent, and control the spread of infections and their causative microorganisms.Dental Health Services: Services designed to promote, maintain, or restore dental health.Insurance Coverage: Generally refers to the amount of protection available and the kind of loss which would be paid for under an insurance contract with an insurer. (Slee & Slee, Health Care Terms, 2d ed)Australia: The smallest continent and an independent country, comprising six states and two territories. Its capital is Canberra.Intensive Care Units: Hospital units providing continuous surveillance and care to acutely ill patients.Urinary Tract Infections: Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA.Prepaid Health Plans: Contracts between an insurer and a subscriber or a group of subscribers whereby a specified set of health benefits is provided in return for a periodic premium.
"Results from the mandatory surveillance of MRSA bacteraemia". Health Protection Agency. 3 August 2011. Retrieved 12 October ... It was named by the Health Service Journal as one of the top hundred NHS trusts to work for in 2015. At that time it had 3852 ... MRSA bacteraemia rate per 100,000 bed days (year RUH:national average): 2008/9 6.8:4.3, 2009/10 2.6:2.7, 2010/11 0.9:1.8 " ... It also received a critical Commission for Health Improvement report and zero-star rating in 2002 after a determination of " ...
... and subsequent bacteremia, which can cause adverse health consequences. Some people, such as those with immune compromise, ... In certain cases there is a risk of bacteremia when probiotics are used. Currently, the probiotic strain, frequency, dose and ... Although probiotics are considered safe, they may cause bacteria-host interactions and adverse health consequences. ...
These infections can remain localized or become systemic (i.e. bacteremia). The severity of infection varies depending on the ... due to manipulation by health care workers. In either scenario, a high probability exists that the microbe will form a biofilm ...
Primary bacteraemia, infection without identifiable focal origin, comprises approximately 20% of the reported cases. Recently, ... Zoonoses and Public Health. 56 (4): 206-208. doi:10.1111/j.1863-2378.2008.01213.x. ISSN 1863-1959. PMID 19309483. Chirico, J.; ... These properties may explain the tendency of recurrent bacteraemia observed in human SDSE-cases. In order to establish ... Sylvetsky, N; Raveh, D; Schlesinger, Y; Rudensky, B; Yinnon, AM (1 June 2002). "Bacteremia due to beta-hemolytic Streptococcus ...
Health Protection Report Vol. 5 No. 46 - 18 November 2011 ·. "Pyogenic and non-pyogenic streptococcal bacteraemia, England, ... Developed by the Women's Health Specialist Library (part of the National Library for Health), the learning package is based ... Bacteremia without a focus occurs in 80-85%, pneumonia in 10-15%, and meningitis in 5-10% of cases. The initial clinical ... In the UK, this is the method described by the Health Protection Agency After incubation, the enrichment broth can also be ...
The health care provider may need to use topical anesthetic before accessing the port. Ports can be used for medications, ... Infections resulting in bacteremia from Staphylococcus aureus require removal of the catheter and antibiotics. If the catheter ... They cause a great deal of morbidity (harm) and deaths, and increase health care costs. Historically, a few CVC infections were ... National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (September 2002). "Technology appraisal: the clinical effectiveness and ...
World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 2012-05-23. World Health Organization: Streptococcus pneumoniae ... Fabrizio K, Groner A, Boes M, Pirofski L (2007). "A Human Monoclonal Immunoglobulin M Reduces Bacteremia and Inflammation in a ... The World Health Organization recommends the use of the conjugate vaccine in the routine immunizations given to children. This ... They are on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a ...
Public Health Agency of Canada, 2011. Web "Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety". Retrieved 8 April 2016. Ryan, ... In particular, S. aureus is one of the most common causes of bacteremia and infective endocarditis. Additionally, it can cause ... Some believe health-care workers' dogs should be considered a significant source of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus, especially ... Adjunctive rifampicin has been historically used in the management of S aureus bacteraemia, but randomised controlled trial ...
Marriott D, Stark D, Harkness J (February 2007). "Veillonella parvula discitis and secondary bacteremia: a rare infection ... International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 11 (7): 6979-7000. doi:10.3390/ijerph110706979. ISSN 1660- ...
1999). "Mycoplasma penetrans bacteremia and primary antiphospholipid syndrome". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 5 (1): 164-7. doi ... Pathogens with an Impact on Human Reproductive Healthogens with an Impact on Human Reproductive Health". Journal of Pathogens. ... Pathogens with an Impact on Human Reproductive Health". Journal of Pathogens. 2014 (183167): 1-15. doi:10.1155/2014/183167. PMC ...
... and bacteremia. In addition, infection of GAS may lead to further complications and health conditions, namely acute rheumatic ... Health Canada and the US CDC recommend close contacts see their doctor for full evaluation and may require antibiotics; current ... Public Health policies internationally reflect differing views of how the close contacts of people affected by severe Group A ... Health Protection Agency, Group A Streptococcus Working Group (2004). "Interim UK guidelines for management of close community ...
Everyday tooth brushing and flossing will similarly cause bacteremia, so a high standard of oral health should be adhered to at ... In the past, 1 in 8 cases of infective endocarditis were because of bacteremia caused by dental procedures (in most cases due ... In contrast, Staphylococcus blood stream infections are frequently acquired in a health care setting where they can enter the ... Risk factors for infective endocarditis are based on the premise that in a healthy individual, bacteremia (bacteria entering ...
The majority of Cronobacter cases occur in adults, most often bacteraemia and have not been studied in detail. However the ... Two cases of infants infected with Cronobacter sakazakii were reported to the Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services ... are associated as causative agents of neonatal bacteraemia, meningitis and necrotising enterocolitis. However, multilocus ...
Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 8. ISBN 0702039748. Grunau BE, Wiens MO, Brubacher JR (September 2010). "Dantrolene in the ... "Predictors of mortality in beta-hemolytic streptococcal bacteremia: a population-based study". The Journal of infection. 58 (4 ... "Fever". National Institute of Health. Archived from the original on 30 April 2016. Guppy, MP; Mar, CB, Thorning, S, Rack, A; ... Craven, R and Hirnle, C. (2006). Fundamentals of nursing: Human health and function. Fourth edition. p. 1044 Lewis, SM, ...
"Living With MRSA" (PDF). Group Health Cooperative/Tacoma-Pierce County Health Dept./Washington State Dept. of Health. Retrieved ... concluded that MRSA bacteremia is associated with increased mortality as compared with MSSA bacteremia (odds ratio= 1.93; 95% ... Health, Safety and Welfare) Approved Code of Practice and Guidance L24, available from Health and Safety Executive Books. But ... Health Departments recommend that preventing the spread of MRSA in the home can be to: launder materials that have come into ...
In 2015, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommended piperacillin-tazobactam as first line therapy for ... "Carbapenems versus alternative antibiotics for the treatment of bacteraemia due to Enterobacteriaceae producing extended- ... Am J Health Syst Pharm. 67 (23): 2015-24. doi:10.2146/ajhp090672. PMID 21098373. Pei G, Yin W, Zhang Y, Wang T, Mao Y, Sun Y ( ... Health Sciences Centre. 2016. Retrieved May 19, 2017. PRIMAXIN (Brand Name Drug) FDA Application No. (NDA) 050587 Drug Details ...
Slemons conducted research and published in the area of pregnancy and prenatal health. His most widely-known work, "The ... Slemons, J. Morris, M.D. (1915) Bacteremia. Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol LXV, No. 15: 1265-1268. Slemons, J ... designed to answer common questions and provide practical health information. In addition, he published a number of research ...
... are born with bacteremia caused by genital Mycoplasmas". American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 198 (1): 1-3. doi: ... Value Health. 10 (5): 358-66. doi:10.1111/j.1524-4733.2007.00189.x. PMID 17888100. "Prevention - STD Information from CDC". ... endometritis chorioamnionitis surgical and nonsurgical wound infections bacteremia pneumonia meningitis salpingitis urethritis ...
Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 1416065016. Vandamme, P.; Hommez, J.; Snauwaert, C.; Hoste, B.; Cleenwerck, I.; Lefebvre, K.; ... Lau, S K P (1 March 2006). "Globicatella bacteraemia identified by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing". Journal of Clinical ...
Health care facilities routinely track their infection rates according to the guidelines issued by the Joint Commission. The ... MRSA Bacteremia, and C.difficile laboratory-identified events. The public reporting of these data is an effort by the ... Utah Department of Health. 2017. Retrieved 2017-01-09. "Group A Streptococcus Calculator". Centers for Disease Control and ... Department of Health and Human Services. For meaningful comparisons of infection rates, populations must be very similar ...
Bacteremia Candidiasis Mycosis Finding the "Missing 50%" of Invasive Candidiasis: How Nonculture Diagnostics Will Improve ... 2013-04-04 Oxford Journals, Medicine & Health, Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 56, Issue 9 Pp. 1284-1292 see online: http ...
London: Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 1-4557-1210-8. Neilson, Alasdair H.; Allard, Ann-Sofie (2013). Organic chemicals in the ... "Bacteremia Due to Dietzia maris in an Immunocompromised Patient". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 29 (5): 1338-1340. doi:10.1086/ ...
Thirty-fourth World Health Assembly, Agenda item 23.2. World Health Organization. World Health Organization(Organisation ... bacteremia, bacterial meningitis, botulism, urinary tract infection and necrotizing enterocolitis. Breastfeeding may protect ... Ministry of Health Health Promotion Council. "Guideline for Management of Child Screening in Primary Care Settings and ... World Health Organization. (2003). Global strategy for infant and young child feeding (PDF). Geneva, Switzerland: World Health ...
Bacteraemia is a condition in which bacteria are present in the blood and may cause disease, including systemic disease such as ... Elsevier Health Sciences APAC. 2014. p. 173. ISBN 978-81-312-3800-4. "Teeth whitening". bowriverdental.ca. 10 February 2014. ... If the bacteria involved in the bacteraemia reach the cardiac tissue, infective (or bacterial) endocarditis can develop, with ... Some dental treatments may cause bacteraemia, such as tooth extractions, subgingival scaling or even simple aggressive tooth ...
... occult febrile bacteremia, meningitis, epiglottitis, septic arthritis, cellulitis, otitis media, purulent pericarditis, and ... The Yukon-Kuskokwim Health Corporation (YKHC), administers a health care delivery system for over 50 rural communities in the ... Additionally, the Community Health Aide Program (CHAP) provides village-based primary health care in 47 village clinics in the ... the Yukon-Kuskokwim Health Corporation was born from a vision of retaining more control over the provision of health care ...
Infectious Disease Epidemiology Section Office of Public Health, Louisiana Dept of Health & Hospitals. 8 September 2008.. ... Chewning JH (July 2011). "Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium bacteremia successfully treated with high-dose ampicillin- ... whether the body fluids are excreted and how frequently health care providers touch these body sites. Patients infected or ...
... DENTAL NEWSLETTER A publication of the Dental Prof… ... in collaboration with the IHSmassive bacteremia, prostaglandins, and other inflammatory Maternal and Child Health and Health ... United States Public Health Service * 1. United States Public Health Service DENTAL NEWSLETTER A publication of the Dental ... "Dental public health is the science and art of preventing and controlling dental diseases and promoting dental health through ...
... has provided the following bacteremias and sepsis information. ... The Antimicrobial Stewardship Team at UW Health in Madison, ... Bacteremias and Sepsis. The Antimicrobial Stewardship Team at UW Health in Madison, Wisconsin, has provided the following ... All UW Health Clinical Practice Guidelines. Current guidelines at UW Health include: ... Bacteremias and Catheter Related Infections. *Mermel LA, Allon M, Bouza E, et al. Clinical Practice Guidelines for the ...
Australian public hospitals reported 1,502 cases of hospital-associated Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) at a rate of ... Australias health 2020 Australias health 2020 is the AIHWs 17th biennial report on the health of Australians. ... Australias health performance The latest on Australias health and health system performance ... Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2017. Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in Australian hospitals 2016-17. Cat. no. ...
The present study was designed to provide preliminary information on the outcomes of S. aureus bacteraemia in ... Bacteraemia had its onset in the community in 59.6% (865/1,449) of cases (Table 2). Of these, 30.9% were health-care associated ... Bacteraemia had a community onset in 60% of cases, although 31% of these were health-care associated. Overall, 57% of episodes ... J Paediatr Child Health 2002;38:290-294.. 18. Denniston S, Riordan FA. Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in children and ...
Australias health 2018 Australias health 2018 is the AIHWs 16th biennial report on the health of Australians. It… ... Building the evidence on primary health care The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare is developing a National Primary ... Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander nKPI and OSR Review The AIHW has been funded by the Department of Health to undertake a ... Australias welfare 2017 Australias welfare 2017 is the 13th biennial welfare report of the Australian Institute of Health… ...
Published article number: 1463 - Injections that kill: nosocomial bacteraemia and degedege in Tanzania ... Public Health 1980; 94: 229-234.. 21. Van de Wetering M, Poole J, Friedland I, Caron H. Bacteremia in a paediatric oncology ... Reid S. Injections that kill: nosocomial bacteraemia and degedege in Tanzania. Rural and Remote Health 2010; 10: 1463. ... A follow-up study at public health facilities in the same region found that of sick children given chloroquine at the health ...
This guide is for district health boards in New Zealand to use so that they can report on HA-SAB consistently, contributing to ... Implementation guide for the surveillance of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB). 28 Aug 2017 , Infection Prevention & ... Implementation guide for the surveillance of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) (3 MB, pdf) ... Whakapai i ngā mahi hauora hinengaro waranga hoki Mental Health & Addiction Quality Improvement ...
A seven-day course of antibiotic treatment for Gram-negative bacteraemia (GNB), a serious infection that occurs when bacteria ... More in Medicine & Health. * A Trojan Horse delivery for treating a rare, potentially deadly, blood-clotting disorder ... Seven-day antibiotic course delivers similar outcomes to 14-days for Gram-negative bacteraemia. European Society of Clinical ... Seven-day antibiotic course delivers similar outcomes to 14-days for Gram-negative bacteraemia Research presented at 28th ...
Bacteraemia associated with health care. In the US, the association between previous health care and admission bacteraemia with ... The Department of Health requires reductions in MRSA bacteraemia rates in hospital by 60%.6 To decide where to target ... Thus, we believe that acquisition associated with health care remains critical for MRSA bacteraemia on arrival. ... "Admission S aureus bacteraemia" was defined as those cases of S aureus bacteraemia detected in the first two days after ...
2010-2019 Health Improvement and Innovation Resource Centre. Terms and Conditions • Privacy • Contact ... The role of echocardiography in Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia at Auckland City Hospital. NZ Literature Abstract. posted by ...
Provide basic health services in remote villages to eliminate malaria * Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health ... Bacteremia in Pregnant Women, Thailand-Myanmar Border, 2011 Turner P., Willemse C., Phakaudom K., Zin TW., Nosten F., McGready ... Medicine Quality & Public Health Conference * New age-based regimen for single low-dose primaquine to block malaria ... Pioneering Medicine Quality & Public Health Conference coming to Oxford * Quick test can predict anaemia in malaria patients ...
Epidemiology of Bacteremia in Young Hospitalized Infants in Vientiane, Laos, 2000-2011 ... Epidemiology of Bacteremia in Young Hospitalized Infants in Vientiane, Laos, 2000-2011 ...
Gram-negative bacteraemia and C. difficile infection bi-annually reported by independent sector organisations, with ... Public health Collection *Staphylococcus aureus: guidance, data and analysis. *Klebsiella species: guidance, data and analysis ... counts of E. coli bacteraemia (table 4). *[P. aeruginosa] Pseudomonas aeruginosa *[Klebsiella spp.] Klebsiella species *[HCAI ... counts of P. aeruginosa bacteraemia (table 6). April 2014. Healthcare associated infection (HCAI) surveillance data on ...
... of a 56-year-old man with a history of splenectomy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura who developed persistent bacteremia ... Ethics and Best Practice Guidelines for Training Experiences in Global Health John A. Crump, Jeremy Sugarman and the Working ... f REPORT OF AN UNUSUAL CASE OF PERSISTENT BACTEREMIA BY BARTONELLA BACILLIFORMIS IN A SPLENECTOMIZED PATIENT * CÉSAR HENRÍQUEZ1 ... REPORT OF AN UNUSUAL CASE OF PERSISTENT BACTEREMIA BY BARTONELLA BACILLIFORMIS IN A SPLENECTOMIZED PATIENT ...
... or lapses in public health. We report the first case of seroconversion to R. prowazekii in a homeless person of Marseilles, ... This was associated with B. quintana bacteremia. Although no outbreaks of typhus have been notified yet in the homeless ... Ethics and Best Practice Guidelines for Training Experiences in Global Health John A. Crump, Jeremy Sugarman and the Working ... Bartonella quintana Bacteremia among homeless people. Clin Infect Dis 35 : 684-689.. [Google Scholar] ...
US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health Search database. All Databases. Assembly. Biocollections. ... Enterobacter bacteremia: clinical features and emergence of antibiotic resistance during therapy.. Chow JW1, Fine MJ, Shlaes DM ... Prospective, observational study of consecutive patients with Enterobacter bacteremia.. SETTING: Three university tertiary care ... which in turn may result in a lower mortality for Enterobacter bacteremia. When Enterobacter organisms are isolated from blood ...
Keywords provided by Mohamed O Othman, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso: ... Prospective Study of the Risk of Bacteremia in Directed Cholangioscopic Examination of the CBD. The safety and scientific ... the frequency of bacteremia after ERCP with direct cholangioscopic examination of the CBD [ Time Frame: 5 minutes and 30 ... To measure the frequency of bacteremia after ERCP with direct cholangioscopic examination of the CBD by obtaining blood culture ...
Objectives Enterococcal bacteremia can be complicated by infective endocarditis (IE) and when suspected, transesophageal ... Community and health-care site of acquisition was defined as previously described [10], whereas nosocomial acquisition was ... Enterococcal bacteremia is a relatively common condition and has a mortality rate of around 20% [2, 3]. A substantial ... Bacteremia with enterococci is a condition which can be complicated by IE, and tools to aid clinicians, to decide whether ...
On July 14, 1989, CDC notified state and territorial health officials of a possible increase in severe group A streptococcal ... While a direct comparison of the GABHS bacteremia incidence rate in Denver for 1989 and for previous years is not possible ... The descriptive epidemiology of GABHS bacteremia in the Denver patients is similar to that in previous reports (9,10). Even ... Factors contributing to the apparent recent increase in GABHS bacteremia are unclear. No single serotype, to suggest a common ...
Transient bacteremia can result after dental procedures or brushing of teeth. Bacteremia can have several important health ... Bacteremia (also bacteraemia) is the presence of bacteria in the blood. Blood is normally a sterile environment, so the ... Bacteremia is typically transient and is quickly removed from the blood by the immune system. Bacteremia frequently evokes a ... Bacteremia is defined as either a primary or secondary process. In primary bacteremia, bacteria have been directly introduced ...
US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health Search database. All Databases. Assembly. Biocollections. ... and monitored them for development of bacteraemia. Nosocomial S aureus bacteraemia was three times more frequent in S aureus ... Risk and outcome of nosocomial Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in nasal carriers versus non-carriers.. Wertheim HF1, Vos MC, ... Genotyping revealed that 80% of strains causing bacteraemia in carriers were endogenous. ...
... of 1,130 patients with bacteremia, 198 (17.5%) were positive for S. aureus. S. aureus bacteremia incidence was 78 (95% CI 67-91 ... The case-fatality ratio was 14.1% (95% CI 9.6%-19.8%). Interventions are needed to reduce the S. aureus bacteremia burden in ... Using a population-based surveillance system for pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis, we estimated S. aureus bacteremia incidence ... Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia is a substantial cause of childhood disease and death, but few studies have described its ...
We examined 699 episodes of MRSA bacteremia involving 603 patients admitted to an academic medical center in New York City ... We found that older age, residence in a nursing home, severe bacteremia, and organ impairment were independently associated ... bacteremia is often fatal. To determine predictors of risk for death, we conducted a retrospective cohort study. ... We divided health care-associated MRSA cases into community onset or hospital onset. Cases were health care-associated ...
World Health Organization. (1975). STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS BACTERAEMIA = BACTÉRIÉMIE À STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS. Weekly ...
Know the risks and potential benefits of clinical studies and talk to your health care provider before participating. Read our ... Duration of Antibiotics for the Treatment of Gram-negative Bacilli Bacteremia. The safety and scientific validity of this study ... Gram Negative Bacteremia Drug: short-course antibiotic treatment Drug: accepted prolonged antibiotic treatment ... Relapse: a recurrent bacteraemia due to the same microorganism occurring from day of randomization and until day 9013 ...
OralPublic healthInfectionMortalityClinicalAureus bacteraemiaIncidenceSepsisEscherichiaMSSAPatientsEndocarditisPneumonia2016Community-acquiredAcuteMethicillin-resistant StaphylInfectionsAntibiotic treatmentOutcomeOutcomesPrimary bacteremiaPersistentSerotyped strainsRetrospective studyHealthcare associatedPresence of bacteria in the bGram-negative bacteremiaFeverSevereColiIsolatesDiagnosisBacteriaKlebsiellaAntimicrobial ResistanceVancomycinTransient bacteremiaNosocomial bacteremiaHospitals2017AntibioticsProphylaxisCatheterPolymicrobialCases
- for us theSenior Dental Spotlight 10 importance and value of oral health to general health and well-being is secondJunior Dental Spotlight 12 nature. (slideshare.net)
- However, ourSpecial Articles 17 efforts are amplified a thousand times over by the personal involvement and commitment of the Surgeon General of the US Public Health Service to theAssociate Recruiting Program 19 nation's oral health. (slideshare.net)
- When you step up to the podium and highlight the criticalUpcoming Events 23 role of oral health, there is a fresh and revitalized visibility and importance givenEditor CAPT Stephen P. Torna to oral health and to dentistry's role in overall health promotion and diseaseEditor CAPT Suzanne Saville prevention. (slideshare.net)
- We appreciate your readiness to open new venues for oral health. (slideshare.net)
- Call to Action to Promote Oral Health represented the first Call to Action under your tenure. (slideshare.net)
- We have had the good fortune toThe USPHS Dental Newsletter is published 3-4 be part of your public health priority areas: prevention, preparedness, healthtimes annually, and is distributed electronically literacy and health disparities. (slideshare.net)
- S. aureus bacteraemia is a common community and hospital infection with a significant mortality. (health.gov.au)
- Demographic data (age and sex), disease data (date of admission, onset in community or hospital, health-care association, source of infection and mortality) were collected prospectively. (health.gov.au)
- Intravenous injections carry a 0.2% risk of acute bacteremia when given with unsterile equipment, while unsafe infusions carry a 3.7% risk of infection, much greater than the risk from intramuscular injections of vaccine. (rrh.org.au)
- Madrid, Spain: A seven-day course of antibiotic treatment for Gram-negative bacteraemia (GNB), a serious infection that occurs when bacteria get into the bloodstream, was shown to offer similar patient outcomes as a 14-day course, according to research presented at the 28th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) . (eurekalert.org)
- 3 The national surveillance scheme for infection of the blood stream with MRSA counts MRSA bacteraemia by trust 4 but does not yet contain the detail included in earlier schemes. (bmj.com)
- 6 To decide where to target interventions for infection control, we surveyed the epidemiology of MRSA and methicillin sensitive S aureus (MSSA) bacteraemia in two Oxfordshire hospitals over a seven year period. (bmj.com)
- Counts of MRSA, MSSA, Gram-negative bacteraemia and C. difficile infection bi-annually reported by independent sector organisations, with accompanying commentary. (www.gov.uk)
- 12 patients had presenting manifestations consistent with bacteremia or sepsis (primarily fever, chills, rigors, and a focus of infection). (cdc.gov)
- Two of the seven without identified sources of infection developed GABHS bacteremia following major trauma in motor vehicle crashes. (cdc.gov)
- Intermittent bacteremia is characterized by periodic seeding of the same bacteria into the bloodstream by an existing infection elsewhere in the body, such as an abscess, pneumonia, or bone infection, followed by clearing of that bacteria from the bloodstream. (wikipedia.org)
- Persistent bacteremia can also occur as part of the infection process of typhoid fever, brucellosis, and bacterial meningitis. (wikipedia.org)
- Bacteremia is clinically distinct from sepsis, which is a condition where the blood stream infection is associated with an inflammatory response from the body, often causing abnormalities in body temperature, heart rate, breathing rate, blood pressure, and white blood cell count. (wikipedia.org)
- Bacteremia can travel through the blood stream to distant sites in the body and cause infection (hematogenous spread). (wikipedia.org)
- Prosthetic cardiac implants (for example artificial heart valves) are especially vulnerable to infection from bacteremia. (wikipedia.org)
- We studied 699 episodes of blood infection from 603 patients who had had MRSA bacteremia during 2002-2007. (cdc.gov)
- S taphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) is an important hospital-acquired infection often associated with indwelling devices. (doctorportal.com.au)
- Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia is associated with substantial mortality and complications, including endocarditis and metastatic infection requiring specific investigations and treatment. (cmaj.ca)
- Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (meticillin resistant (MRSA) and meticillin sensitive (MSSA)) and Clostridium difficile infection for each trust. (bmj.com)
- Rates fell for MRSA bacteraemia (1.88 to 0.91 cases per 10 000 bed days) and C difficile infection (16.75 to 9.49 cases). (bmj.com)
- Here, we reported a case of urinary tract infection caused by Chromobacterium violaceum in a 84-year-old male, who was a kidney patient, and another case of bacteremia caused by the same bacterium in a road traffic accident patient (22-year-old male), both of which were managed with the timely suitable treatment. (hindawi.com)
- Data suggests that two thirds of UK MSSA bacteraemias are healthcare associated, predominantly relating to central venous catheters or surgical site infection [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Of the 1366 episodes of bloodstream infection, 55.3% were community-acquired and 44.7% were health-care associated. (academicjournals.org)
- In our patient the immunosuppressive therapy, chemotherapy for lymphoma and CMV infection had made the patient susceptible to bacteremia with this infrequently found bacterium. (elsevier.com)
- Univariate analysis revealed a significantly shorter TTP in persistent bacteremia, endovascular source of infection, catheter-related infection and in community-acquired SAB. (omicsonline.org)
- This report demonstrates TDC management in a patient with TDC-related MRSA bacteremia and the importance of investigating a metastatic infection to a calcified artery if bacteremia persists. (springer.com)
- BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia is a common and frequently fatal infection. (whiterose.ac.uk)
- Secondary outcomes were 90-day mortality, recurrent infection at 6 months, duration of bacteremia and hospital length-of-stay. (biomedcentral.com)
- We assessed if empiric β-lactam compared to vancomycin was associated with differences in survival, recurrent infection and microbiological cure in patients with MSSA bacteremia who received definitive therapy with cloxacillin or cefazolin. (biomedcentral.com)
- Intravascular infections (e.g. thrombus infection, aneurysm ), infective endocarditis (heart valve infections), and systemic bacterial infections (e.g. typhoid) are examples of persistent bacteremia. (medindia.net)
- Secondary bacteremia occurs secondary to infection in other sites (e.g. skin and soft tissues), pneumonia , and infection in wounds. (medindia.net)
- The effectiveness of the body s immune system determines the severity of the bacteremia infection. (medindia.net)
- There was a higher tendency for bacteremia to occur during the early phases of the disease, in the febrile episodes, during the granulocytopenia states, especially of the severe degrees and when an overt focus of infection was present. (who.int)
- 1-3 Although it is still primarily a nososcomial infection, the number of cases of community-acquired bacteraemia caused by this organism has increased, notably affecting patients with AIDS 4,5 and neutropenic patients treated for neoplastic disease who received outpatient management. (scielo.org.za)
- A staphylococcal blood stream infection carries a high risk of endocarditis and 12-15% of patients can develop bacteraemia after the removal of a colonised CVC (Munoz et al. (thefreedictionary.com)
- aureus bacteraemia is a serious infection with significant associated mortality. (thefreedictionary.com)
- We hypothesise that adjunctive rifampicin will enhance killing of Staphylococcus aureus early in the course of antibiotic treatment of bacteraemia, sterilise infected foci and blood faster, and thereby reduce the risk of dissemination, metastatic infection and death. (ox.ac.uk)
- Clinical cure: complete resolution of infection symptoms (bacteremia) present at the day on which the assessment is done and patient is alive. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Septicemia and bacteremia in dogs happen when a bacterial infection in the bloodstream causes inflammation and illness in the body. (dogtime.com)
- Although the terms are sometimes used to describe the same thing, bacteremia refers to the bloodstream infection, while septicemia, also known as sepsis or blood poisoning, refers to the illness caused by the inflammatory response to the bacterial infection. (dogtime.com)
- Bacteremia is fairly common, but most healthy dogs' immune systems are able to fight off the infection before symptoms can develop. (dogtime.com)
- Reducing inflammation by treating periodontal disease can have profound impact on a dog's health because "it decreases the amount of work the body has to do to fight this infection," says Dr. Kris Bannon, a board-certified veterinary dentist at Veterinary Dentistry and Oral Surgery of New Mexico in Algodones. (petmd.com)
- Staphylococcus aureus is a frequent cause of bacteraemia, and the risk of S aureus bacteraemia (SAB) increases with HIV infection. (bmj.com)
- We hypothesized that in cases of S. aureus bacteremia, a score based on patient level factors and MRSA colonization could predict the risk of MRSA infection and inform the need for empiric coverage. (biomedcentral.com)
- In an era of community acquired MRSA, colonization status appears to be the only independent and reliable predictor of MRSA infection in cases of S. aureus bacteremia. (biomedcentral.com)
- Our group and others have previously demonstrated that MRSA screening swab results can be helpful in determining the probability of MRSA bacteremia in patients presenting with staphylococcal bloodstream infection [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Clinical and laboratory characteristics concerning bacteremia and SLE status, as well as comorbidities at the time of infection, were retrospectively collected. (jrheum.org)
- Patients with catheter-associated S. aureus bacteremia on native heart valves without intravenous drug use or clinically apparent metastatic infection, immunosuppression, or indwelling prosthetic devices. (annals.org)
- To study the effect of previously administered antibiotics on the antibiotic susceptibility profile of Enterobacter, the factors affecting mortality, and the emergence of antibiotic resistance during therapy for Enterobacter bacteremia. (nih.gov)
- which in turn may result in a lower mortality for Enterobacter bacteremia. (nih.gov)
- Relationship between time to positivity of blood culture with clinical characteristics and hospital mortality in patients with Escherichia coli bacteremia. (eurosurveillance.org)
- Central line-associated bacteraemia (CLAB) in intensive care units (ICUs) is associated with a mortality rate of between 10% and 50% and a significant burden of morbidity. (nzma.org.nz)
- 0.0005).The highest mortality occurred in patients with bacteremia due to Acinetobacter (41%) in HA episodes, and in patients with bacteremia due to S. aureus (34.0%) in CA incidents. (academicjournals.org)
- Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) is a common cause of bacteremia, which leads to significant morbidity and mortality. (springer.com)
- This study evaluates the TTP of blood cultures in patients with Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia (SAB) and assesses the relationship between TTP and mortality, Methods: We performed a retrospective study involving adults who had SAB between May 2007 and May 2010 in a tertiary hospital. (omicsonline.org)
- Adoption of a closed infusion system resulted in major reductions in the incidence of catheter-associated bacteremia, related mortality, and cost. (nih.gov)
- The overall mortality rate was 33.3% and deaths were considered related to the GBS bacteremia in 25.5% of the cases. (nih.gov)
- Which factor increases the risk of mortality from Enterobacter bacteremia? (medscape.com)
- In patients with Enterobacter bacteremia, the most important factor in determining the risk of mortality is the severity of the underlying disease. (medscape.com)
- Higher 30-day mortality rates were noted in patients presenting with septic shock and increasing Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores. (medscape.com)
- The current standard for MRSA bacteremia is daptomycin ( Cubicin ) or vancomycin ( Vancocin ) monotherapy on both sides of the Atlantic, but mortality rates are way too high, more than 30% in some reviews. (the-hospitalist.org)
- 3,4) In our previous studies which evaluated the outcome of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli and MDR Acinetobacter baumannii bacteraemia in a group of patients with several immunocompromised conditions including haematological malignancies, we were not able to show the impact of MDR on mortality. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Background: Around 12,500 cases of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia occur each year in the United Kingdom, with an associated mortality of about 30%, yet the evidence guiding optimum management is poor. (ox.ac.uk)
- Reported mortality rates for patients with GGS bacteremia also vary, ranging from 5% to 30% (1-3). (thefreelibrary.com)
- S. aureus bacteremia (SAB) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, even with appropriate therapy. (uptodate.com)
- The 30-day all-cause mortality of S. aureus bacteremia is 20 percent [ 4-6 ]. (uptodate.com)
- Pneumonia as a predominant primary source, a high body temperature, abnormal blood pressure, and decreased platelets, which occurred in the early period after liver transplantation, as well as high morbidity and mortality, were the main characteristics of S. aureus bacteremias. (dovepress.com)
- The association between bacteraemia and mortality is controversial and has been studied mainly for S. pneumoniae . (ersjournals.com)
- Recent studies did not consistently find an association between pneumococcal bacteraemia and mortality [ 4 ]. (ersjournals.com)
- Each case of bacteremia was cross-referenced with our electronic medical record to identify associated patient comorbidities in order to calculate the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), a validated scoring system used to assess disease burden and mortality risk [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- The bacteremia-related mortality was 14% and bacteremia was recurrent in 27.2% of cases. (jrheum.org)
- Bacteremia and fungemia can cause life-threatening illness with high mortality rates, which increase with delays in antimicrobial therapy. (cdc.gov)
- Enterobacter bacteremia: clinical features and emergence of antibiotic resistance during therapy. (nih.gov)
- We therefore aimed to improve the NOVA score using easy accessible clinical parameters in a population-based cohort of patients with monomicrobial E. faecalis bacteremia (MEFsB) from southern Sweden and to externally validate the NOVA score and the improved score in another cohort of patients from a tertiary referral center in another part of Sweden. (springer.com)
- To determine predictors of risk for death among patients with MRSA bacteremia, we conducted a retrospective study that compared demographic and clinical characteristics of adult patients with MRSA bacteremia. (cdc.gov)
- Know the risks and potential benefits of clinical studies and talk to your health care provider before participating. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- We prospectively collected 82 SA isolates with associated clinical data from bacteraemias over a 12 month period from the Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust. (biomedcentral.com)
- We investigated the relationship between time to positivity (TTP) and clinical outcomes in children with S.aureus bacteremia in the China. (springer.com)
- These results have important implications in the assessments and management of pediatric S. aureus bacteremia in a clinical setting. (springer.com)
- In this article, we report the largest cohort of patients with E. lenta bacteremia to date and describe in detail their clinical features, microbiologic characteristics, treatment, and outcomes. (asm.org)
- Only a few studies have described the relationship between TTP and clinical outcome in S. aureus Bacteremia (SAB) [ 3 , 11 - 13 ]. (omicsonline.org)
- There was no direct evidence that manipulation-induced bacteremia caused clinical harm. (utmb.edu)
- We assessed whether empiric therapy with β-lactams compared to vancomycin was associated with differences in clinical outcomes in patients with MSSA bacteremia. (biomedcentral.com)
- The aim of the study was to determine the clinical manifestations, outcome of and prognostic factors associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteraemia at Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, during the period 1998 -1999, to describe and quantify resistance to antipseudomonal drugs, to characterise bacteraemic isolates, and to investigate the clustering and genotype distribution of drug-susceptible and multiply-resistant strains in the hospital. (scielo.org.za)
- It has as its aim to respond to the challenges currently posed by everything associated with infectious diseases, from a clinical, microbiological and public health perspective. (elsevier.es)
- Clinical characteristics and risk factors for shock and death from E. coli bacteremia in pediatric hematological patients. (bioportfolio.com)
- Investigators propose a 'real clinical practice-based' randomized trial to compare the efficacy and safety of continuing with an antipseudomonal agents vs. de-escalation according to a pre-specified rule, in patients with bacteraemia due to Enterobacteriaceae. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Methods From December 2012 to November 2013, demographic, clinical and microbiological data were prospectively collected on all patients with bacteraemia at the Royal London Hospital in East London, UK. (bmj.com)
- To supplement the limited clinical information about bacteremia caused by GGS strains identified to the species level (2-4), we conducted a retrospective observational study. (thefreelibrary.com)
- See 'Clinical approach to Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in adults' . (uptodate.com)
- To describe the incidence, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia after liver transplantation and investigate the drug resistance of S. aureus to frequently used antibiotics to provide evidence for clinical prevention and therapy. (dovepress.com)
- This aims to study the clinical features and outcomes of Community-Acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteraemia (CAPAB) in children. (alliedacademies.org)
- Community-acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteraemia (Community-Acquired Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Bacteraemia (CAPAB)) in healthy children is even less common, so the current clinical reports in China and abroad are rare [ 7 - 9 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
- This study collected 14 cases of Community-Acquired Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Bacteraemia (CAPAB) in children admitted into the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, from April 2009 to May 2015, and summarized and analysed their clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes. (alliedacademies.org)
- We hypothesized that by combining individual patient comorbidities and risk factors along with MRSA screening swab results we could better discriminate between MRSA and MSSA bacteremia using statistical algorithms to develop a clinical prediction rule. (biomedcentral.com)
- To describe the incidence of bacteremia in a large multicentric cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and their clinical characteristics and to identify risk factors. (jrheum.org)
- Few studies described the clinical manifestations and outcomes of NTS bacteremia in previously healthy children. (semanticscholar.org)
- Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2017, Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in Australian hospitals 2016-17 , AIHW, Canberra. (aihw.gov.au)
- In 2016-17, Australian public hospitals reported 1,502 cases of hospital-associated Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) at a rate of 0.76 cases per 10,000 days of patient care. (aihw.gov.au)
- The present study was designed to provide preliminary information on the outcomes of S. aureus bacteraemia in Australia. (health.gov.au)
- Seventeen hospital-based laboratories collected basic demographic, susceptibility and patient outcome data on all cases of S. aureus bacteraemia for 5 to 24 months during the study period. (health.gov.au)
- As members of the Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance, 17 hospital laboratories from each state and territory of Australia participated in the collection of anonymous data on cases of S. aureus bacteraemia from January 2005 to December 2006 over periods ranging from 5 to 24 months. (health.gov.au)
- Cases of S. aureus bacteraemia were identified with the first positive blood culture from a patient with a compatible illness. (health.gov.au)
- What is Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia? (aihw.gov.au)
- Risk and outcome of nosocomial Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in nasal carriers versus non-carriers. (nih.gov)
- Additionally, S aureus bacteraemia-related death was significantly higher in non-carriers than in carriers (13/41 [32%] vs three/40 [8%], p=0.006). (nih.gov)
- This report presents national information on cases of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) associated with care provided by public hospitals for the period 1 July 2012 to 30 June 2013. (apo.org.au)
- Evaluation of the costs and health-related quality-of-life impacts revealed that an episode of S. aureus bacteraemia costs an average of £12,197 over 12 weeks. (whiterose.ac.uk)
- CONCLUSIONS: Adjunctive rifampicin provided no overall benefit over standard antibiotic therapy in adults with S. aureus bacteraemia. (whiterose.ac.uk)
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia associated with Lemierre's syndrome: case report and literature review. (biomedsearch.com)
- The patient was diagnosed with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia associated with Lemierre's syndrome. (biomedsearch.com)
- Conclusion: Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia can lead to pulmonary sequelae. (biomedsearch.com)
- Objectives Individuals infected with HIV-1 are at an increased risk of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB). (bmj.com)
- The age-matched controls were only able to be matched within a decade due to the relatively young age of patients infected with HIV at Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia diagnosis. (bmj.com)
- Objective To describe the incidence and determinants of methicillin resistant and methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA and MSSA) bacteraemia in patients presenting to acute hospitals. (bmj.com)
- Editorial Note: During the last half century, the incidence of severe infections with group A Streptococcus (including bacteremia, puerperal sepsis, and scarlet fever) and nonsuppurative sequelae (such as rheumatic fever) has decreased markedly in the United States. (cdc.gov)
- While a direct comparison of the GABHS bacteremia incidence rate in Denver for 1989 and for previous years is not possible because of incomplete laboratory records, the 1989 rate is more than double the most recent population-based estimate of three cases per 100,000 persons per year from Charleston County, South Carolina (1985-1987) (CDC, unpublished data). (cdc.gov)
- In the 2010s, the incidence of S. aureus bacteremia remained stable ( 11 ) or decreased ( 10 ). (cdc.gov)
- We determined the incidence, risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility associated with Escherichia coli bacteraemia in England over a 24 month period. (eurosurveillance.org)
- Interventions to reduce the incidence of E. coli bacteraemia will have to target the community setting and UTIs if substantial reductions are to be realised. (eurosurveillance.org)
- early TTP, need for vasoactive agent and APACHE II score ≥ 15 were independent risk factors of septic shock incidence in S. aureus bacteremia children. (springer.com)
- Incidence and outcome of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in hemodialysis patients. (springer.com)
- The incidence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteraemia (PAB) has remained stable over the last few decades. (scielo.org.za)
- Incidence of bacteremias related to endodontic procedures. (elsevier.com)
- The incidence of bacteremias produced by these procedures was determined. (elsevier.com)
- Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Incidence of bacteremias related to endodontic procedures. (elsevier.com)
- Community- Acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteraemia (CAPAB) incidence in children was low and was more associated with fever and digestive symptoms. (alliedacademies.org)
- Methods: Bacteremia incidence proportion data were extracted from component (control and intervention) groups decanted from studies investigating antibiotic (SDD) or non-antibiotic methods of VAP prevention and summarized using random effects meta-analysis of study and group level data. (bhs.org.au)
- The Antimicrobial Stewardship Team at UW Health in Madison, Wisconsin, has provided the following bacteremias and sepsis information. (uwhealth.org)
- The intensity of malaria treatment in rural areas and frequent recourse to informal sector health care presented a significant challenge for the prevention of adverse events including sepsis and HIV transmission. (rrh.org.au)
- Bacteremia frequently evokes a response from the immune system called Sepsis, which consists of symptoms such as fever, chills, and hypotension. (wikipedia.org)
- In high-income countries, S. aureus bacteremia is the second most common cause of neonatal sepsis, after group B Streptococcus ( 9 ). (cdc.gov)
- Bou-Antoun Sabine , Davies John , Guy Rebecca , Johnson Alan P , Sheridan Elizabeth A , Hope Russell J . Descriptive epidemiology of Escherichia coli bacteraemia in England, April 2012 to March 2014. (eurosurveillance.org)
- Health Protection Report: Voluntary surveillance of Escherichia coli bacteraemia in England, Wales and Northern Ireland: 2009-2013. (eurosurveillance.org)
- (www.gov.uk)
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli) are responsible for 30% of the bacteremia cases. (medindia.net)
- Phenotypic analysis of Escherichia coli strains causing bacteremia in cancer patients suggests that they possess specific virulence properties. (asm.org)
- Escherichia coli is the most common gram-negative species isolated from cancer patients with bacteremia ( 1 , 55 ). (asm.org)
- Background and aim In 2017, National Health Service Improvement set a 10% reduction target for Escherichia coli bacteraemia by 2018, followed by a 50% reduction in healthcare-associated Gram-negative bacteraemias by 2022. (bmj.com)
- Results In the teaching hospital, there were 479 patients with MSSA and 116 with MRSA bacteraemia admitted from the community. (bmj.com)
- MSSA bacteraemia rates did not fall. (bmj.com)
- Since 2007, England has seen a rapid decline in MRSA bacteraemias by more than 75% which has not been matched by an equivalent decline in MSSA bacteraemias [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Prior studies suggested that vancomycin may be inferior to β-lactams for the empiric treatment of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) bacteremia. (biomedcentral.com)
- We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult inpatients with their first episode of MSSA bacteremia at two tertiary care hospitals in Vancouver, Canada, between 2007 and 2014. (biomedcentral.com)
- Vancomycin monotherapy may be appropriate for the empiric treatment of MSSA bacteremia if definitive therapy with cloxacillin or cefazolin can be initiated within 3 days. (biomedcentral.com)
- Chronic Bartonella quintana bacteremia in homeless patients. (ajtmh.org)
- Prospective, observational study of consecutive patients with Enterobacter bacteremia. (nih.gov)
- The previously published NOVA score can identify patients with enterococcal bacteremia at risk for IE and we aimed to improve the score. (springer.com)
- Factors associated with IE were studied retrospectively in a population-based cohort of patients with monomicrobial Enterococcus faecalis bacteremia (MEFsB). (springer.com)
- The Colorado Department of Health was notified of this increase, and in August, the department reviewed these patients' medical charts to describe GABHS bacteremia cases and to determine whether they represented community-acquired disease, nosocomial acquisition, or laboratory artifact. (cdc.gov)
- In only three patients was bacteremia first documented greater than 48 hours after hospitalization. (cdc.gov)
- We screened 14008 non-bacteraemic, non-surgical patients for S aureus nasal carriage at admission, and monitored them for development of bacteraemia. (nih.gov)
- of 1,130 patients with bacteremia, 198 (17.5%) were positive for S. aureus . (cdc.gov)
- We examined 699 episodes of MRSA bacteremia involving 603 patients admitted to an academic medical center in New York City during 2002-2007. (cdc.gov)
- We analyzed a 5-year trend of vancomycin MICs among adult patients with MRSA bacteremia. (cdc.gov)
- The investigators will include hospitalized patients with gram-negative bacteremia. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- In observational and quasi-experimental studies, consultation with infectious disease specialists improved the quality of care in patients with S. aureus bacteremia, including early source control, follow-up blood culture, echocardiography, and appropriate choice and duration of antibiotic therapy. (cmaj.ca)
- About 10%-20% of patients with S. aureus bacteremia have infective endocarditis. (cmaj.ca)
- 4 All patients with S. aureus bacteremia should undergo echocardiography, because the presence of endocarditis has therapeutic and diagnostic implications including consideration for surgery. (cmaj.ca)
- According to consensus guidelines, patients with uncomplicated S. aureus bacteremia ( Box 1 ) may be treated with 2 weeks of antibiotic therapy. (cmaj.ca)
- Rates of E. coli bacteraemia varied with patient age and sex, with 70.5% (46,883/66,512) of cases seen in patients aged ≥ 65 years and 52.4% (33,969/64,846) of cases in females. (eurosurveillance.org)
- Bartonella henselae and B. koehlerae bacteremia was documented in two epithelioid hemangioendothelioma patients and B. koehlerae bacteremia in an asymptomatic partner of one of the patients. (asm.org)
- Twenty‐five episodes of bacteremia were documented before the initiation of antimicrobial therapy in patients who were granulocytopenic and febrile. (elsevier.com)
- Only two bacteremias occurred while patients were receiving parenteral antimicrobials. (elsevier.com)
- Antimicrobial therapy was terminated 30 times in the presence of granulocytopenia and fever, and subsequent bacteremia occurred in 14 patients within 4 days. (elsevier.com)
- Bacteremia due to C. fetus is rare, occurring mainly in immunocompromised patients. (elsevier.com)
- In this study, we investigated the prevalence of HLGR enterococci and their genetic relatedness in blood culture isolates from patients with bacteraemia admitted to the 3 hospitals in Östergötland, a county in the south east of Sweden, during 1994-2001. (diva-portal.org)
- In all, 17 patients with catheter-associated bacteremia died during the period when the open system was in use (2.8%), versus only 1 (0.2%) during use of the closed system (relative risk 0.09, P=.003). (nih.gov)
- Only 2 patients did not have any underlying condition and no patient with the human immunodeficiency virus had GBS bacteremia in our series. (nih.gov)
- Group B streptococcus is a rising cause of bacteremia in elderly patients with severe underlying conditions. (nih.gov)
- Group B streptococcal bacteremia in a major teaching hospital in Malaysia: a case series of eighteen patients. (nih.gov)
- They randomized 74 MRSA bacteremia patients to the combination, daptomycin 10mg/kg IV daily plus fosfomycin 2g IV q 6h. (the-hospitalist.org)
- Patients probably need the combination [at least] initially, especially if they have complicated bacteremia" or fail monotherapy, he said at ID week, an annual scientific meeting on infectious diseases. (the-hospitalist.org)
- Mohamed M. Zeitoun , Bacteraemia in acute leukemic patients, Bull. (who.int)
- Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in the Veterans Health Administration had a more than five times higher risk for in-hospital death and increased risk for 17 respiratory and nonrespiratory complications than did hospitalized patients with influenza. (cdc.gov)
- To assess complications of COVID-19 and influenza, electronic health records (EHRs) from 3,948 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (March 1-May 31, 2020) and 5,453 hospitalized patients with influenza (October 1, 2018-February 1, 2020) from the national Veterans Health Administration (VHA), the largest integrated health care system in the United States,* were analyzed. (cdc.gov)
- Impact of carbapenem resistance on the outcome of patients' hospital-acquired bacteraemia caused by Klebsiellapneumoniae. (thefreedictionary.com)
- To investigate this hypothesis, we compared the frequency of the virulence-related genes cnf1 , cnf2 , papC , hlyC , and iut in 155 E. coli strains isolated from hospitalized cancer patients with epidemiologically unrelated cases of bacteremia to their frequency in 70 E. coli strains isolated from the feces of healthy unrelated volunteers. (asm.org)
- Identification of a major cluster including 96.4% of the strains carrying the cnf1 , papC , and hlyC genes and ECOR subgroup B2 strains suggested that the virulent E. coli strains causing bacteremia in cancer patients are closely related to ECOR B2 strains. (asm.org)
- and pap , hly , aero , and sfa , the operon which encode S fimbria adhesins, were found in patients with bacteremia ( 35 , 43 ). (asm.org)
- There were 10 patients with E. coli bacteraemia caused by procedures, seven genitourinary or biliary tract instrumentation and three postgastrointestinal surgery. (bmj.com)
- Receiver operating characteristic analysis of significant variables derived from the logistic regression model in their capacity to predict patients with bacteraemia caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens. (ersjournals.com)
- Major underlying illnesses in patients with GGS bacteremia are malignancy, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, bone and joint diseases, and cirrhosis (1,2). (thefreelibrary.com)
- bacteremia was nosocomial for 7 patients and polymicrobial for 5. (thefreelibrary.com)
- All 3 patients who died had a diagnosis of the primary bacteremia caused by S. dysgalactiae subsp, equisimilis. (thefreelibrary.com)
- Among the 9 patients with recurrent bacteremia, the causative agent was S. dysgalactiae subsp, equisimilis for 8 and S. canis for 1. (thefreelibrary.com)
- Identifying patients at risk of ARP bacteraemia would help in deciding appropriate empiric antimicrobial therapy. (ersjournals.com)
- The study included 114 episodes of bacteremia in 83 patients. (jrheum.org)
- At the time of bacteremia, the median age was 40.5 (range: 8-90) years, and 88.6% of patients were female. (jrheum.org)
- Bacteremia occurred mostly in patients with active SLE and was frequently associated with severe flares and corticosteroid use. (jrheum.org)
- Within the limitations of existing empirical data, this study suggests that for patients with clinically uncomplicated catheter-associated S. aureus bacteremia, the use of TEE to determine therapy duration is a cost-effective alternative to 2- or 4-week empirical therapy. (annals.org)
- Background: Among methods for preventing pneumonia and possibly also bacteremia in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, Selective Digestive Decontamination (SDD) appears most effective within randomized concurrent controlled trials (RCCT's) although more recent trials have been cluster randomized. (bhs.org.au)
- Enterococcal bacteremia can be complicated by infective endocarditis (IE) and when suspected, transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) should be performed. (springer.com)
- The sensitivity of blood cultures in the diagnosis of bacteraemia for community-acquired pneumonia is low. (ersjournals.com)
- Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization is common in North America [ 1 ] and is an important cause of infections including skin and soft tissue, bone and joint, pneumonia and bacteremia. (biomedcentral.com)
- Data on preferences and willingness to pay to reduce risk of illness were collected for 6 illnesses that are preventable by pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (simple otitis media, complex otitis media, moderate pneumonia, severe pneumonia, bacteremia, and meningitis) and 1 vaccine-related adverse event (fever and fussiness after vaccine). (aappublications.org)
- 0.1 CEU provided with this option This program is sponsored by the North Dakota Society of Health-System Pharmacists and was initially released December 13, 2016. (ndshp.org)
- This program is sponsored by the North Dakota Society of Health-System Pharmacists and was initially released December 13, 2016. (ndshp.org)
- Gram negative bacteria are more commonly implicated in community acquired bacteremia. (medindia.net)
- Background: Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a growing health concern. (biomedsearch.com)
- There were 7 boys and 7 girls among the 14 Community-Acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteraemia (CAPAB) children with an average age of 21.8 months. (alliedacademies.org)
- Community-Acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteraemia (CAPAB) occurred mainly in spring and winter, and all participants exhibited fever symptoms with an average course of 6.1 days. (alliedacademies.org)
- Community-acquired bacteremia in Paediatrics: Epidemiology, aetiology and patterns of antimicrobial resistance in a tertiary care centre, Malaysia. (semanticscholar.org)
- We report a case of a 56-year-old man with a history of splenectomy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura who developed persistent bacteremia in the acute phase of human bartonellosis. (ajtmh.org)
- 2011) Dy- namics of procalcitonin and bacteremia in neutropenic adults with acute myeloid leukemia. (scirp.org)
- Matsui S, Hatta T. Mycotic abdominal aortic aneurysm in a dialysis patient with catheter-related methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. (springer.com)
- SAN FRANCISCO - Daptomycin plus fosfomycin is more effective than daptomycin alone for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia, according to a multicenter, randomized trial from Spain. (the-hospitalist.org)
- Recently, however, group A streptococcal infections have re-emerged as a public health problem. (cdc.gov)
- Staphylococcus aureus (SA) is a recognized cause of nosocomial infections with 8,767 SA bacteraemia (SAB) cases reported in England only in 2012. (biomedcentral.com)
- Bacteremia can result either from surgical procedures, such as dental surgeries, or activities like brushing teeth, or due to infections. (medindia.net)
- Gram-negative bacteremia occurs most often due to infections reaching the bloodstream from respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary tract and liver and biliary tree infections. (medindia.net)
- Central line associated bacteraemia (CLAB) has emerged as the unified term to describe these infections. (thefreedictionary.com)
- The hospital has achieved large reductions in healthcare associated infections in recent years, including reporting only one case of healthcare associated MRSA bloodstream bacteraemia in two years and managing to come under its C diff targets for the 2011/12 financial year. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Objectives: Objective was to describe the characteristics of healthcare-associated bacteremia and urinary tract infections in medical wards of CNHU-HKM of Cotonou, describe the distribution of germs identified according to admission wards and identify factors associated with onset of healthcare-associated infections. (scirp.org)
- Conclusion: Healthcare-associated infections are a real public health issue in CNHU-HKM Medicine Department. (scirp.org)
- This study which is part of this quality approach, aims at the followings: Determine the characteristics of healthcare-associated bacteremia and urinary tract infections in wards A and B of CNHU-HKM Medicine department, describe the distribution of germs identified according to admission wards and identify factors associated with onset of healthcare-associated infections. (scirp.org)
- Infections in and around the teeth do cause increases in inflammatory mediators and can cause bacteremia (a state in which bacteria appears in the blood), which likely does cause damage to distant parts of the body or distant infections. (petmd.com)
- In multivariate analyses, pleuritic pain, C-reactive protein ≥21.6 mg·dL −1 and intensive care unit admissions were independently associated with bacteraemia, while prior antibiotic treatment and pneumococcal vaccine were protective factors. (ersjournals.com)
- Bacteraemia can be a cause of febrile illness in children and can have a fatal outcome if untreated. (who.int)
- See 'Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in children: Management and outcome' . (uptodate.com)
- Overall, TTP of ≤17 h appeared to correlate with the worse outcomes for S. aureus bacteremia children. (springer.com)
- Their lab work showed that daptomycin and fosfomycin ( Monurol ) were synergistic and rapidly bactericidal against MRSA, and anecdotal experience in Spain suggested the drugs improved bacteremia outcomes, so they decided to put the combination to the test. (the-hospitalist.org)
- In primary bacteremia, bacteria have been directly introduced into the bloodstream. (wikipedia.org)
- Injection drug use may lead to primary bacteremia. (wikipedia.org)
- In the hospital setting, use of blood vessel catheters contaminated with bacteria may also lead to primary bacteremia. (wikipedia.org)
- Primary bacteremia is caused by direct contact with an infected needle that releases drugs directly into the bloodstream or due to an infected internal catheter in the body. (medindia.net)
- The most common diagnosis was cellulitis (48 cases), followed by primary bacteremia (34 cases). (thefreelibrary.com)
- Bacteremia may also be defined by the timing of bacteria presence in the bloodstream: transient, intermittent, or persistent. (wikipedia.org)
- Persistent bacteremia is characterized by the continuous presence of bacteria in the bloodstream. (wikipedia.org)
- Left untreated, conditions causing persistent bacteremia can be potentially fatal. (wikipedia.org)
- Persistent Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. (springer.com)
- In addition, during 1989, CDC received an increased number of reports of GABHS bacteremia from other areas in the United States and serotyped strains from several Scandinavian countries that have increased rates of GABHS bacteremia. (cdc.gov)
- A retrospective study of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia inpatient was performed in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University in China between 29 January 2014 and 29 August 2017. (springer.com)
- A healthcare associated (HCA) SAB was defined as any SA bacteraemia positive 48 hours after admission, OR related to a device or procedure (central venous catheter, urinary catheter, surgery, etc. (biomedcentral.com)
- Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of both community- and healthcare-associated bacteremia. (uptodate.com)
- Bacteremia (also bacteraemia) is the presence of bacteria in the blood. (wikipedia.org)
- Gram-negative bacteremia is one of its most common manifestations that occur from intestinal mucosa damage secondary to filariform larvae invasion. (omicsonline.org)
- No bacteremia occurred in the absence of fever. (elsevier.com)
- There was no significant relationship between the magnitude of fever and bacteraemia (p0.050).Conclusion. (who.int)
- Twenty-six weeks after being discharged without antibiotic therapy, he had no fever or other evidence of bacteremia, and he had no back-pain complaints. (scielo.br)
- Severe immune responses to bacteremia may result in septic shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, which are potentially fatal. (wikipedia.org)
- Severe granulocytopenia was present at the time blood cultures were positive in 27 of 31 episodes of bacteremia. (elsevier.com)
- Our observation showed that hypocalcaemic children more often presented with severe form of wasting and bacteraemia compared to those without hypocalcaemia. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Between April 2012 and March 2014, 66,512 E. coli bacteraemia cases were reported. (eurosurveillance.org)
- coli bacteremia among children and adolescents with hematological disorders. (bioportfolio.com)
- E. coli is one of the main microorganism involved, responsible for 30% to 45% of bacteremia. (bioportfolio.com)
- We analysed consecutive cases of E. coli bacteraemia and devised a strategy to achieve these targets. (bmj.com)
- There were 44 medical device-associated E. coli bacteraemias, and 22 (50%) were urinary catheter associated. (bmj.com)
- Conclusion E. coli bacteraemias related to urosepsis could have been prevented by better empirical treatment and targeted prophylaxis. (bmj.com)
- PFGE performed with all 13 available isolates from recurrent cases showed that 10 were identical to that of the initial episode, including 1 in a patient with recurrence of S. canis bacteremia. (thefreelibrary.com)
- The objective here is to compare the bacteremia rates and patterns of isolates in SDD-RCCT's versus the broader evidence base. (bhs.org.au)
- There is a selective increase in coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) but not in Pseudomonas aeruginosa among bacteremia isolates within control groups of SDD-RCCT's versus benchmark groups with data available. (bhs.org.au)
- Differential TTP is used for the diagnosis of catheterrelated bacteremia [ 2 , 4 , 5 - 7 ] and TTP is used for predicting the presence of Staphylococcus spp. (omicsonline.org)
- The information should not be used for either diagnosis or treatment or both for any health related problem or disease. (medindia.net)
- it is important to identify factors associated with bacteraemia in febrile children in order to aid its early diagnosis and prompt treatment. (who.int)
- Bacteremia is the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream that are alive and capable of reproducing. (wikipedia.org)
- Secondary bacteremia occurs when bacteria have entered the body at another site, such as the cuts in the skin, or the mucous membranes of the lungs (respiratory tract), mouth or intestines (gastrointestinal tract), bladder (urinary tract), or genitals. (wikipedia.org)
- In transient bacteremia, bacteria are present in the bloodstream for minutes to a few hours before being cleared from the body, and the result is typically harmless in healthy people. (wikipedia.org)
- However, for each major classification of bacteria (gram negative, gram positive, or anaerobic) there are characteristic sources or routes of entry into the bloodstream that lead to bacteremia. (wikipedia.org)
- As the name suggests, bacteremia is a condition where viable bacteria are present in the bloodstream of an individual. (medindia.net)
- The physical location, age and health of the individual, the surrounding environment, and the type of bacteria involved, influence how bacteremia is caused. (medindia.net)
- Which Klebsiella pathogen may cause neonatal bacteremia? (medscape.com)
- 2,3 The Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance has been monitoring resistance in S. aureus since 1986, 4,5 and has recently presented information on the large burden of bacteraemia in Australia. (health.gov.au)
- Key words: Bacteraemia, pathogens, antimicrobial resistance. (academicjournals.org)
- Despite removal of the catheter and initiation of vancomycin treatment, MRSA bacteremia persisted. (springer.com)
- Transient bacteremia can result after dental procedures or brushing of teeth. (wikipedia.org)
- We report a case of Helicobacter pylori transient bacteremia in a woman with ulcerated antral gastric cancer. (elsevier.com)
- In summary, H. pylori transient bacteremia may occur as a rare complication after stomach surgery. (elsevier.com)
- Because most Latin American hospitals still use externally vented fluid containers, switching to nonvented bags could substantially reduce rates of nosocomial bacteremia. (nih.gov)
- In Tanzania, bacteremia is sometimes associated with more deaths in hospitals than malaria. (rrh.org.au)
- 5 In particular, so far it has not addressed whether MRSA bacteraemia is being imported into hospitals from the community. (bmj.com)
- In December 2008, Australian health ministers endorsed the reporting of SAB by all hospitals to form a national data collection. (apo.org.au)
- Final report of the National Health and Hospitals Reform Commission: will we get the health care governance reform we need? (mja.com.au)
- Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2017. (aihw.gov.au)
- Treatment for bacteremia is with antibiotics, and prevention with antibiotic prophylaxis can be given in high risk situations. (wikipedia.org)
- Ballarat Health Services Digital Repository: Topical antibiotics as a major contextual hazard toward bacteremia within selective digestive decontamination studies: a meta-analysis. (bhs.org.au)
- Allon M. Dialysis catheter-related bacteremia: treatment and prophylaxis. (springer.com)
- A prospective observational study was carried out in which all hospital admissions during 2011 for bacteraemia related to the haemodialysis catheter were analysed. (thefreedictionary.com)
- The appropriate duration of therapy for catheter-associated Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia is controversial. (annals.org)
- Polymicrobial bacteremia was detected in 2.2% of cases. (academicjournals.org)
- Clinicians should be aware of this complication and consider strongyloides hyperinfection in every patient with HIV that presents with polymicrobial bacteremia. (omicsonline.org)
- There were 1,511 cases of bacteraemia documented, of which 66% occurred in males and 32% originated from vascular access devices. (health.gov.au)
- Bacteraemia had a community onset in 60% of cases, although 31% of these were health-care associated. (health.gov.au)
- Retrospective surveys of this and 17 other metropolitan Denver hospital microbiology laboratories identified 73 cases of GABHS bacteremia between January and August--a rate of seven cases per 100,000 per year in the general population of the Denver metropolitan area. (cdc.gov)
- Bacteremia which lasted longer than 15 minutes was identified in four cases. (utmb.edu)
- We report the largest series of group B streptococcal (GBS) bacteremia cases reported at a single institution. (nih.gov)
- During a 10-year period (1985-1994), 90 GBS bacteremia cases (0.95% of significant bacteremic episodes) were detected. (nih.gov)
- Based on an analysis of bacteremia cases, it has been observed that bacteremia is a result of numerous microorganisms that invade the body. (medindia.net)