Bone Development
Epiphyses
Tibia
Cartilage
Bone Plates
Metatarsal Bones
Collagen Type X
Chondrogenesis
Calcification, Physiologic
Bone and Bones
Thiram
Growth Differentiation Factor 10
Hypertrophy
Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein
Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3
Skeleton
Dwarfism
Hedgehog Proteins
Ribs
SOXD Transcription Factors
Achondroplasia
Cell Differentiation
Receptor, Parathyroid Hormone, Type 1
Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary
Cartilage, Articular
In Situ Hybridization
Bone Matrix
Collagen Type II
Neural Plate
Periosteum
Rickets
Growth Disorders
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
Aggrecans
Osteoblasts
Collagen
Alkaline Phosphatase
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
Femur Head
Extracellular Matrix Proteins
Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit
Matrilin Proteins
SOX9 Transcription Factor
Immunohistochemistry
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Cells, Cultured
Mice, Knockout
Skull Base
Cell Division
Spatiotemporal expression of alternatively spliced IGF-I mRNA in the rat costochondral growth plate. (1/822)
IGF-I acts as a local proliferation and maturation factor for chondrocytes in the growth plate. However, the expression of different alternative IGF-I mRNA classes in the growth plate has not been characterized. Using quantitative reverse transcription PCR, the abundance of each alternative IGF-I mRNA class in resting, proliferative and hypertrophic chondrocytes was measured in rat costochondral growth plates. Class 1Ea mRNA was the most abundant IGF-I transcript overall and was highly expressed in proliferative chondrocytes at 2 and 4 weeks of age; by 6 weeks, the majority of 1Ea mRNA expression had shifted to hypertrophic chondrocytes. Class 1Eb mRNA was the second most abundant transcript and its distribution was uniform across all the cell types at 2 weeks of age. The expression pattern changed with increasing age such that at 6 weeks a gradient existed with hypertrophic chondrocytes expressing higher levels of 1Eb than resting chondrocytes. Class 2Ea mRNA was constitutively expressed at low levels across the growth plate at all ages, while class 2Eb mRNA expression was negligible. The distribution of total IGF-I mRNA also shifted across growth plate cell types as the animals aged from 2 to 6 weeks. These findings suggest that IGF-I class 1 mRNA plays the predominant role in the maturation of the growth plate. (+info)The bcl-2 knockout mouse exhibits marked changes in osteoblast phenotype and collagen deposition in bone as well as a mild growth plate phenotype. (2/822)
Histological examination of long bones from 1-day-old bcl-2 knockout and age-matched control mice revealed no obvious differences in length of bone, growth plate architecture or stage of endochondral ossification. In 35-day-old bcl-2 knockout mice that are growth retarded or 'dwarfed'. the proliferative zone of the growth plate appeared slightly thinner and the secondary centres of ossification less well developed than their age-matched wild-type controls. The most marked histological effects of bcl-2 ablation were on osteoblasts and bone. 35-day-old knockout mouse bones exhibited far greater numbers of osteoblasts than controls and the osteoblasts had a cuboidal phenotype in comparison with the normal flattened cell appearance. In addition, the collagen deposited by the osteoblasts in the bcl-2 knockout mouse bone was disorganized in comparison with control tissue and had a pseudo-woven appearance. The results suggest an important role for Bcl-2 in controlling osteoblast phenotype and bone deposition in vivo. (+info)A mouse model for achondroplasia produced by targeting fibroblast growth factor receptor 3. (3/822)
Achondroplasia, the most common form of dwarfism in man, is a dominant genetic disorder caused by a point mutation (G380R) in the transmembrane region of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3). We used gene targeting to introduce the human achondroplasia mutation into the murine FGFR3 gene. Heterozygotes for this point mutation that carried the neo cassette were normal whereas neo+ homozygotes had a phenotype similar to FGFR3-deficient mice, exhibiting bone overgrowth. This was because of interference with mRNA processing in the presence of the neo cassette. Removal of the neo selection marker by Cre/loxP recombination yielded a dominant dwarf phenotype. These mice are distinguished by their small size, shortened craniofacial area, hypoplasia of the midface with protruding incisors, distorted brain case with anteriorly shifted foramen magnum, kyphosis, and narrowed and distorted growth plates in the long bones, vertebrae, and ribs. These experiments demonstrate that achondroplasia results from a gain-of-FGFR3-function leading to inhibition of chondrocyte proliferation. These achondroplastic dwarf mice represent a reliable and useful model for developing drugs for potential treatment of the human disease. (+info)Aberrant death in dark chondrocytes of the avian growth plate. (4/822)
Growth plate chondrocytes of embryonic chick femurs were examined by electron microscopy, cytophotometry and autoradiography. Apart from the well-described 'light' chondrocyte, a different 'dark' type of chondrocyte was present, comprising 10 - 35% of the cell population. They were found at all stages of chondrocyte differentiation and in all ages of the femurs studied. Well developed rough endoplasmatic reticulum and Golgi complex, many secretory vesicles, energetically active mitochondria and a lot of glycogen, indicating high activity of the cytoplasm, were combined with low RNA synthesis, gentle margination and scattered compaction of the chromatin. DNA cytometry revealed that most of dark cells were diploid, but 15 - 30% were tetraploid, with the absence of an S-phase. Substantial loss of DNA was found in about 10% of dark chondrocytes. The TUNEL reaction demonstrated a limited number of DNA strand breaks. Advanced dark cells possessed the nuclear features of both apoptosis and necrosis. Besides chromomeric-chromonemic compaction, a chromatin arrangement similar to that of prometaphase and metaphase, as well as amitotic nuclear segregation, all of them degenerative, were found. Our interpretation is that the dark chondrocytes undergo an aberrant type of cell death which may be combined with aberrant cell cycle. Cell death of dark chondrocytes is preceded by a pre-mortal burst of secretion. (+info)Growth plate cartilage formation and resorption are differentially depressed in growth retarded uremic rats. (5/822)
To characterize the modifications of growth plate in individuals with growth impairment secondary to chronic renal failure, young rats were made uremic by subtotal nephrectomy (NX) and, after 14 d, their tibial growth plates were studied and compared with those of sham-operated rats fed ad libitum (SAL) or pair-fed with NX (SPF). NX rats were growth retarded and severely uremic. Growth plate height (mean +/- SD) was much greater (P<0.05) in NX (868.4+/-85.4 microm) than SAL (570.1+/-93.5 microm) and SPF (551.9+/-99.7 microm) rats as a result of a higher (P<0.05) hypertrophic zone (661.0+/-89.7 versus 362.8+/-71.6 and 353.0+/-93.9 microm, respectively). The increased size of the growth plate was associated with a greater number of chondrocytes and modifications in their structure, particularly in the hypertrophic zone adjacent to bone. In this zone, chondrocytes of NX animals were significantly (P<0.05) smaller (12080.4+/-1158.3 microm3) and shorter (34.1+/-2.5 microm) than those of SAL (16302.8+/-1483.4 microm3 and 37.8+/-2.0 microm) and SPF (14465.8+/-1521.0 microm3 and 36.3+/-1.8 microm). The interface between the growth plate cartilage and the metaphyseal bone appeared markedly irregular in NX rats. Kinetics of chondrocytes was also modified (P<0.05) in the NX rats, which had lower cell turnover per column per day (5.4+/-0.9), longer duration of hypertrophic phase (89.0+/-15.2 h), and reduced cellular advance velocity (7.4+/-2.2 microm/h) compared with SAL (8.0+/-1.6, 32.1+/-6.7 h, and 11.3+/-2.7 microm/h) and SPF (7.2+/-1.1, 34.8+/-5.1 h, and 10.1+/-2.5 microm/h). Cell proliferation was no different among the three groups. Because the growth plates of SPF and SAL rats were substantially not different, modifications observed in the NX rats cannot be attributed to the nutritional deficit associated with renal failure. These findings indicate that chronic renal failure depresses both the activity of the growth plate cartilage by altering chondrocyte hypertrophy and the replacement of cartilage by bone at the metaphyseal end. The two processes are differentially depressed since cartilage resorption is more severely lowered than cartilage enlargement and this leads to an accumulation of cartilage at the hypertrophic zone. (+info)Measurement of biological activity of somatotropin in hypophysectomized rats. (6/822)
AIM: To develop a method for measurement of biological activity of recombinant DNA-derived somatotropin (rhGH). METHODS: The effects of varying the route, frequency and period of administration of GH, the sex of test animals on the biological responses, body weight gain (BWG), and tibial epiphyseal width (TEW), of hypophysectomized (Hypox) rats were compared, respectively. 4-d BWG, 6-d BWG, and 6-d TEW tests were carried out simultaneously in the same group of Hypox rats to determine the biopotency of GH preparations according to a parallel line bioassay (6-point assay). The final result was chosen from the test which had smaller values for the index of precision (lambda) and the average rate of fiducial limits (ARFL) than other tests. RESULTS: No significant differences in the responses between male and female rats, between sc and im, once daily and twice daily injections of bGH were found. But the BWG and TEW of Hypox rats injected with 0.045 and 0.135 IU.d-1 of bGH for 6 d were significantly greater than that for 4 d. Both 4-d BWG test and 6-d BWG test in the range from 0.020 to 0.500 IU.d-1 had values for lambda = 0.0660 and 0.1747, and for r = 0.9000 and 0.9237, respectively. Three estimates of rhGH preparation compared with the International Standard for somatotropin (IShGH), 4.6132, 3.9829, and 4.8023 IU/ampoule, were obtained separately from 4-d BWG test, 6-d BWG test and 6-d TEW test. And the result from 6-d BWG test was reported finally because it had smaller values for lambda and ARFL (0.0608 and 37.907%) than other two tests. CONCLUSION: Both BWG test and TEW test can be carried out simultaneously in the same group of Hypox rats. 6-d BWG test seemed to be more suitable for potency determination of GH preparations than 4-d BWG test and 6-d TEW test. (+info)Immunohistochemical observations on the initial disorders of the epiphyseal growth plate in rats induced by high dose of vitamin A. (7/822)
The initial disorders of the epiphyseal growth plate cartilage were immunohistochemically examined in the proximal tibia of rats administered a high dose of vitamin A. Male Wistar rats were given 100,000 IU/100 g body weight/day of vitamin A for administration periods of 1 to 5 days (Day 1 to 5) from 4 weeks after birth or were given deionized water and used as control. They were sacrificed after 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) injection on Day 1 to Day 5 to remove the tibiae. The tibiae were processed for immunohistochemical examinations using antibodies against type I, II, X collagens and BrdU. BrdU-incorporated chondrocytes and type X collagen-negative area were reduced since Day 2 and type X collagen-positive area was reduced since Day 4. The cartilage matrix partially lost type II collagen and deposited type I collagen in the epiphyseal growth plate near the periosteum on Day 5. These findings suggest that a high dose of vitamin A initially disturbed the differentiation from resting to proliferating chondrocytes, subsequently inhibited the differentiation from proliferating to hypertrophic chondrocytes, caused the chondrocytes to deviate from the process of normal differentiation, and finally resulted in the deformation of the epiphyseal growth plate. (+info)Cathepsin expression during skeletal development. (8/822)
Cysteine proteinases, cathepsins B, H, K, L and S, have been implicated in several proteolytic processes during development, growth, remodeling and aging, as well as in a variety of pathological processes. For systematic analysis of cathepsin gene expression we have produced cDNA clones for mouse and human cysteine cathepsins. Northern analysis of a panel of total RNAs isolated from 16-19 different human and mouse tissues revealed the presence of mRNAs for cathepsin B, H, K, L and S in most tissues, but each with a distinct profile. Of the different cathepsin mRNAs, those for cathepsin K were clearly the highest in bone and cartilage. However, relatively high mRNA levels for the other cathepsins were also present in these tissues. To better understand the roles of different cathepsins during endochondral ossification in mouse long bones, cathepsin mRNAs were localized by in situ hybridization. Cathepsin K mRNAs were predominantly seen in multinucleated chondroclastic and osteoclastic cells at the osteochondral junction and on the surface of bone spicules. The other cathepsin mRNAs were also seen in osteoclasts, and in hypertrophic and proliferating chondrocytes. These observations were confirmed by immunohistochemistry and suggest that all cysteine cathepsins are involved in matrix degradation during endochondral ossification. (+info)The term "Osteochondrodysplasias" comes from the Greek words "osteo," meaning bone; "chondro," meaning cartilage; and "dysplasia," meaning abnormal growth or development. These disorders can affect people of all ages, but are most commonly seen in children and young adults.
There are many different types of OCDs, each with its own unique set of symptoms and characteristics. Some of the most common types include:
* Brittle bone disease (osteogenesis imperfecta): This is a condition in which the bones are prone to fractures, often without any obvious cause.
* Camptodactyly-arthropathy-coxa vara-pericarditis (CACP) syndrome: This is a rare condition that affects the hands, feet, and joints, causing stiffness, pain, and limited mobility.
* Diaphyseal dysplasia: This is a condition in which the bones in the arms and legs are abnormally short and brittle.
* Epiphyseal dysplasia: This is a condition in which the growth plates at the ends of the long bones are abnormal, leading to short stature and other skeletal deformities.
There is no cure for OCDs, but treatment options are available to manage symptoms and improve quality of life. These may include physical therapy, braces or orthotics, medications to manage pain and inflammation, and in some cases, surgery. Early diagnosis and intervention are important to help manage the condition and prevent complications.
There are several types of hypertrophy, including:
1. Muscle hypertrophy: The enlargement of muscle fibers due to increased protein synthesis and cell growth, often seen in individuals who engage in resistance training exercises.
2. Cardiac hypertrophy: The enlargement of the heart due to an increase in cardiac workload, often seen in individuals with high blood pressure or other cardiovascular conditions.
3. Adipose tissue hypertrophy: The excessive growth of fat cells, often seen in individuals who are obese or have insulin resistance.
4. Neurological hypertrophy: The enlargement of neural structures such as brain or spinal cord due to an increase in the number of neurons or glial cells, often seen in individuals with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's.
5. Hepatic hypertrophy: The enlargement of the liver due to an increase in the number of liver cells, often seen in individuals with liver disease or cirrhosis.
6. Renal hypertrophy: The enlargement of the kidneys due to an increase in blood flow and filtration, often seen in individuals with kidney disease or hypertension.
7. Ovarian hypertrophy: The enlargement of the ovaries due to an increase in the number of follicles or hormonal imbalances, often seen in individuals with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Hypertrophy can be diagnosed through various medical tests such as imaging studies (e.g., CT scans, MRI), biopsies, and blood tests. Treatment options for hypertrophy depend on the underlying cause and may include medications, lifestyle changes, and surgery.
In conclusion, hypertrophy is a growth or enlargement of cells, tissues, or organs in response to an excessive stimulus. It can occur in various parts of the body, including the brain, liver, kidneys, heart, muscles, and ovaries. Understanding the underlying causes and diagnosis of hypertrophy is crucial for effective treatment and management of related health conditions.
1. Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI): This is a genetic disorder that affects the formation of collagen, which is essential for bone strength and density. People with OI have brittle bones that are prone to fractures, often from minimal trauma.
2. Achondroplasia: This is the most common form of short-limbed dwarfism, caused by a genetic mutation that affects the development of cartilage and bone. People with achondroplasia have short stature, short limbs, and characteristic facial features.
3. Cleidocranial dysostosis: This is a rare genetic disorder that affects the development of the skull and collarbones. People with cleidocranial dysostosis may have misshapen or absent collarbones, as well as other skeletal abnormalities.
4. Fibrous dysplasia: This is a benign bone tumor that can affect any bone in the body. It is caused by a genetic mutation that causes an overgrowth of fibrous tissue in the bone, leading to deformity and weakness.
5. Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED): This is a group of disorders that affect the growth plates at the ends of long bones, leading to irregular bone growth and deformity. MED can be caused by genetic mutations or environmental factors.
These are just a few examples of developmental bone diseases. There are many other conditions that can affect the formation and development of bones during fetal life or childhood, each with its own unique set of symptoms and characteristics.
1. Medical Definition: In medicine, dwarfism is defined as a condition where an individual's height is significantly below the average range for their age and gender. The term "dwarfism" is often used interchangeably with "growth hormone deficiency," but the two conditions are not the same. Growth hormone deficiency is a specific cause of dwarfism, but there can be other causes as well, such as genetic mutations or chromosomal abnormalities.
2. Genetic Definition: From a genetic perspective, dwarfism can be defined as a condition caused by a genetic mutation or variation that results in short stature. There are many different genetic causes of dwarfism, including those caused by mutations in the growth hormone receptor gene, the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) gene, and other genes involved in growth and development.
3. Anthropological Definition: In anthropology, dwarfism is defined as a physical characteristic that is considered to be outside the normal range for a particular population or culture. This can include individuals who are short-statured due to various causes, including genetics, nutrition, or environmental factors.
4. Social Definition: From a social perspective, dwarfism can be defined as a condition that is perceived to be different or abnormal by society. Individuals with dwarfism may face social stigma, discrimination, and other forms of prejudice due to their physical appearance.
5. Legal Definition: In some jurisdictions, dwarfism may be defined as a disability or a medical condition that is protected by anti-discrimination laws. This can provide legal protections for individuals with dwarfism and ensure that they have access to the same rights and opportunities as others.
In summary, the definition of dwarfism can vary depending on the context in which it is used, and it may be defined differently by different disciplines and communities. It is important to recognize and respect the diversity of individuals with dwarfism and to provide support and accommodations as needed to ensure their well-being and inclusion in society.
The diagnosis of achondroplasia is typically made based on physical examination, medical history, and imaging studies such as X-rays or CT scans. There is no cure for achondroplasia, but treatment may include physical therapy, occupational therapy, and surgery to correct associated health problems such as spinal curvature or bowed legs.
The prognosis for individuals with achondroplasia varies depending on the severity of the condition and the presence of any associated health problems. With proper medical care and support, many individuals with achondroplasia can lead active and fulfilling lives. However, they may face challenges related to social stigma, access to education and employment, and other aspects of daily life.
The prevalence of achondroplasia is estimated to be about 1 in 25,000 to 1 in 40,000 births. It affects both males and females equally, and there is no known ethnic or racial predilection. There is a high risk of recurrence in families, with a 50% chance that an affected parent will pass the mutated gene to each child.
In conclusion, achondroplasia is a rare genetic disorder that affects the development of cartilage and bone, leading to short stature and characteristic physical features. While there is no cure for the condition, proper medical care and support can help individuals with achondroplasia lead fulfilling lives. With increased awareness and understanding of the condition, more individuals with achondroplasia are able to access education, employment, and other resources that support their well-being and independence.
The condition is caused by mutations in genes that are involved in the formation of bones. It is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, meaning that a single copy of the mutated gene is enough to cause the condition. However, some cases may be caused by spontaneous mutations and not inherited from either parent.
The symptoms of multiple hereditary exostoses can vary in severity and may include:
* Painful bone growths
* Limited mobility
* Deformity of affected limbs
* Short stature
* Difficulty walking or standing
There is no cure for multiple hereditary exostoses, but treatment options are available to manage the symptoms. These may include:
* Pain medication
* Physical therapy
* Orthotics or assistive devices
* Surgery to remove or reshape the bone growths
If you suspect that you or your child may have multiple hereditary exostoses, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment. A geneticist or orthopedic specialist can perform tests such as imaging studies (X-rays, CT scans) and blood tests to confirm the diagnosis and determine the severity of the condition.
This condition typically occurs in the joints of children and adolescents, although it can also affect adults. It is caused by a variety of factors, including injury, overuse, or genetics.
Osteochondritis can cause symptoms such as pain, stiffness, limited mobility, and locking or catching sensations within the affected joint. Treatment options may include rest, physical therapy, and medication, as well as surgery in severe cases.
There are different types of hyperostosis, including:
1. Hyperostosis fibrosa: This is a condition where there is excessive bone growth in the thickening of the cortical bone, leading to a hard and firm consistency. It can occur in various parts of the body, such as the skull, spine, or long bones.
2. Hyperostosis iritis: This is a condition where there is excessive bone growth in the iris of the eye, leading to symptoms such as vision loss, pain, and light sensitivity.
3. Hyperostosis mediastinitis: This is a rare condition where there is excessive bone growth in the mediastinum, a region between the lungs and the spine. It can cause compression of nearby structures and lead to symptoms such as difficulty swallowing, chest pain, and shortness of breath.
4. Hyperostosis of the sacrum: This is a condition where there is excessive bone growth in the sacrum, a triangular bone at the base of the spine. It can cause compression of nearby structures and lead to symptoms such as lower back pain, sciatica, and difficulty walking.
Hyperostosis can be diagnosed through imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI scans. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause and may include medications to manage symptoms, physical therapy, or surgery to remove excess bone growth.
Rickets is caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, usually due to inadequate sunlight exposure, breastfeeding, or a diet that is low in calcium and vitamin D. It can also be caused by certain medical conditions, such as kidney disease, or by taking certain medications that interfere with vitamin D production.
Symptoms of rickets may include:
* Bowed legs or other deformities of the bones
* Pain in the bones and joints
* Softening of the bones (osteomalacia)
* Difficulty walking or standing
* delayed tooth development
* Frequent infections
If rickets is suspected, a doctor may perform a physical examination, take a medical history, and order diagnostic tests such as X-rays or blood tests to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment typically involves correcting any underlying nutritional deficiencies and managing any related health issues. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to repair damaged bones.
Prevention is key in avoiding rickets, so it's important for parents to ensure their children are getting enough vitamin D and calcium through a balanced diet and adequate sunlight exposure. In regions with limited sunlight, fortified foods such as milk and cereal can be helpful. Breastfeeding mothers may need to supplement their diets with vitamin D to ensure their babies are getting enough.
Some common types of growth disorders include:
1. Growth hormone deficiency (GHD): A condition in which the body does not produce enough growth hormone, leading to short stature and slow growth.
2. Turner syndrome: A genetic disorder that affects females, causing short stature, incomplete sexual development, and other health problems.
3. Prader-Willi syndrome: A rare genetic disorder that causes excessive hunger, obesity, and other physical and behavioral abnormalities.
4. Chronic kidney disease (CKD): A condition in which the kidneys gradually lose function over time, leading to growth retardation and other health problems.
5. Thalassemia: A genetic disorder that affects the production of hemoglobin, leading to anemia, fatigue, and other health problems.
6. Hypothyroidism: A condition in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones, leading to slow growth and other health problems.
7. Cushing's syndrome: A rare hormonal disorder that can cause rapid growth and obesity.
8. Marfan syndrome: A genetic disorder that affects the body's connective tissue, causing tall stature, long limbs, and other physical abnormalities.
9. Noonan syndrome: A genetic disorder that affects the development of the heart, lungs, and other organs, leading to short stature and other health problems.
10. Williams syndrome: A rare genetic disorder that causes growth delays, cardiovascular problems, and other health issues.
Growth disorders can be diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and laboratory tests such as hormone level assessments or genetic testing. Treatment depends on the specific condition and may include medication, hormone therapy, surgery, or other interventions. Early diagnosis and treatment can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life for individuals with growth disorders.
Heterotopic ossification can cause a range of symptoms depending on its location and severity, including pain, stiffness, limited mobility, and difficulty moving the affected limb or joint. Treatment options for heterotopic ossification include medications to reduce inflammation and pain, physical therapy to maintain range of motion, and in severe cases, surgical removal of the abnormal bone growth.
In medical imaging, heterotopic ossification is often diagnosed using X-rays or other imaging techniques such as CT or MRI scans. These tests can help identify the presence of bone growth in an abnormal location and determine the extent of the condition.
Overall, heterotopic ossification is a relatively rare condition that can have a significant impact on a person's quality of life if left untreated. Prompt medical attention and appropriate treatment can help manage symptoms and prevent long-term complications.
Epiphyseal plate
Urban Plates
Vehicle registration plates of the Northern Territory
Neural plate
Child bone fracture
Sp7 transcription factor
Salter-Harris fracture
Agar plate
Collagen receptor
Heterophragma sulfureum
Osgood-Schlatter disease
Chondroblastoma
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
OSBPL8
Paracrine signaling
Bat wing development
Rickets
Lipid bilayer
Streaking (microbiology)
Endochondral ossification
Emmanuel Gdoutos
Perlecan
MDA-MB-453
FGF3
Conservation and restoration of photographic plates
Fire coral
Broth microdilution
Gabby Douglas
Tibial dyschondroplasia
Frostbite
Arnold Zimmerman
Phage display
Iron Stone Strategic Capital Partners
Hampton Court branch line
Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2
American cockroach
Development of the reproductive system
Benjamin Franklin
Donald Kennedy
History of the Jews in Poland
Sterigmatocystin
Taipei 101
CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing 5
Prostitution in Hong Kong
Sylvia Solochek Walters
History of Hartford City, Indiana
Transport in Hong Kong
Congestion pricing
Geography of Madagascar
Uranium mining in the Bancroft area
Lenny Dykstra
History of Bali
Submarine landslide
Herbert Boyer
Esthesioneuroblastoma
Rheinmetall Rh-120
Billie Eilish
Bad Oeynhausen
Euronext Dublin
Stonewall riots
Fractures across a growth plate: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Image
Growth Plate Fractures (Physeal Fractures) Differential Diagnoses
Growth Plate Injuries: For More Information
Growth plate gene involment and isolated short stature - PubMed
Growth Plate Injuries Basics | NIAMS Catalog
The role of the resting zone in growth plate chondrogenesis - PubMed
Decreased chondrocyte proliferation and dysregulated apoptosis in the cartilage growth plate are key features of a murine model...
Quick Facts: Growth Plate Fractures - MSD Manual Consumer Version
Conference Report - Sports Injuries in Children
Growth Plate Fractures (Physeal Fractures): Practice Essentials, Anatomy, Pathophysiology
Monoclonal Antibody Fragments for Targeting Therapeutics to Growth Plate Cartilage | Technology Transfer
MEDLINE Data Changes - 2017. NLM Technical Bulletin. 2016 Nov-Dec
Research - Jeffrey Baron Lab | NICHD - Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
MEDLINE Data Changes - 2017. NLM Technical Bulletin. 2016 Nov-Dec
Clear Health from NIH | National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Lead Exposure Inhibits Fracture Healing and Is Associated with Increased Chondrogenesis, Delay in Cartilage Mineralization, and...
NIH Guide: RESEARCH ON SKELETAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Publications - Weiping Chen, Ph.D. - NIDDK
Boron - Health Professional Fact Sheet
Publication Detail
Recommendations for Protecting Workers From Histoplasma capsulatum
ATSDR Hair Analysis Panel Discussion: Section 7.0
Hip Joint Anatomy: Overview, Gross Anatomy
Biomarkers Search
Cartilage17
- Growth plates are made up of cartilage that has the potential to become new bone growth. (familyeducation.com)
- A fracture involving a growth plate (the cartilage plate near the end of the bone of a growing child where growth occurs) can lead to disturbances in growth of the bone, even if treated properly. (medlineplus.gov)
- Growth plates are areas of developing cartilage tissue near the ends of long bones. (breyerlaw.com)
- Growth plates, also known as epiphyseal plates, are specialized regions of cartilage at the ends of long bones found in children and adolescents. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
- The growth plates consist of cartilage and divide the ends of the bones into two parts, allowing for growth in length. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
- Growth plates, also known as epiphyseal plates, are areas of cartilage found near the end of long bones. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
- Growth plates are made up of a specialized cartilage that contains progenitor cells, which divide and grow to form new bone. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
- A child's growth is dependent on the proper functioning of the growth plate, a specialized cartilage structure located at the ends of long bones and within the vertebrae. (nih.gov)
- The primary function of the growth plate is to generate new cartilage, which is then converted into bone tissue and results in the lengthening of bones. (nih.gov)
- Researchers at the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute on Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Section on Growth and Development , collaborating with the NCI Laboratory of Experimental Immunology , created human monoclonal antibody fragments that bind to matrilin-3, a protein specifically expressed in cartilage tissue. (nih.gov)
- Coupling these cartilage-binding antibodies to growth-stimulating endocrine factors, such as growth hormone and IGF-I, and paracrine factors, such as CNP, could allow therapy targeted specifically to growth plate, and also articular cartilage, thereby opening up broad new pharmacological approaches to treat skeletal dysplasias and short stature. (nih.gov)
- This growth plate (called the physis) is made of cartilage, which is weaker than bone. (kidshealth.org)
- It is expressed both in growth plate, providing an explanation for the short stature and advanced bone age, and also in articular and vertebral disc cartilage, providing an explanation for the joint disease. (nih.gov)
- Applications are encouraged to study skeletal growth and development from the perspectives of mechanisms of pattern formation, cartilage induction, endochondral ossification, intramembranous bone formation, biomechanics, and the clinical treatment of the resulting disorders. (nih.gov)
- With age, growth plate cartilage undergoes programmed senescence, eventually causing cessation of bone elongation and epiphyseal fusion. (nih.gov)
- 7. Association of cartilage-specific deletion of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ with abnormal endochondral ossification and impaired cartilage growth and development in a murine model. (nih.gov)
- 17. The Effects of Indian Hedgehog Deletion on Mesenchyme Cells: Inducing Intermediate Cartilage Scaffold Ossification to Cause Growth Plate and Phalange Joint Absence, Short Limb, and Dwarfish Phenotypes. (nih.gov)
Epiphysis11
- Fracture through the growth plate: The epiphysis is completely separated from the end of the bone or the metaphysis, through the deep layer of the growth plate. (smartdraw.com)
- The growth plate remains attached to the epiphysis. (smartdraw.com)
- It runs through the growth plate and the metaphysis, but the epiphysis is not involved in the injury. (smartdraw.com)
- Fracture through growth plate and epiphysis: This fracture occurs only rarely, usually at the lower end of the tibia, one of the long bones of the lower leg. (smartdraw.com)
- It happens when a fracture runs completely through the epiphysis and separates part of the epiphysis and growth plate from the metaphysis. (smartdraw.com)
- The outlook or prognosis for growth is good if the blood supply to the separated portion of the epiphysis is still intact and if the joint surface heals in a normal position. (smartdraw.com)
- Fracture through growth plate, metaphysis, and epiphysis: This fracture runs through the epiphysis, across the growth plate, and into the metaphysis. (smartdraw.com)
- Type 3 injury breaks through the growth plate of the epiphysis, the tail end of the bone. (breyerlaw.com)
- Type 4 injury fractures the growth plate, the metaphysis, and the epiphysis. (breyerlaw.com)
- In slipped capital femoral epiphysis (ih-PIF-eh-siss), the ball slips off the back through the growth plate, almost the way a scoop of ice cream might slip off a cone. (kidshealth.org)
- Rare adverse effects of overtreatment can include slipped capital femoral epiphysis (a fracture to the growth plate) and pseudotumor cerebri (idiopathic intracranial hypertension). (medscape.com)
Types of growth plate injuries3
- Understanding the anatomy of long bones can help you understand the types of growth plate injuries. (nih.gov)
- Create healthcare diagrams like this example called Types of Growth Plate Injuries in minutes with SmartDraw. (smartdraw.com)
- There are various types of growth plate injuries (fractures) and almost all of them require a form of knee surgery to repair. (silverorthopedics.com)
Child's8
- Once your child's growth is complete - sometime during adolescence - the growth plates close and are replaced by solid bone. (nih.gov)
- The growth plates are weak areas of your child's growing skeleton. (nih.gov)
- If your child's pediatrician sees growth plates on an X-ray, whether it's of their wrist, their leg, or any bone, they can assume that your kid still has some growing to do. (familyeducation.com)
- But a child's bones are also at risk for a unique injury called a growth plate fracture. (breyerlaw.com)
- The growth plates are weak areas of your child's growing skeleton, making it easier to injure them. (nih.gov)
- Thus, any injury to a child's or adolescent's growth plate should be taken seriously as it can affect their long-term growth. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
- They play a vital role in a child's growth and development. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
- Therefore, it's important to protect a child's growth plates by avoiding excessive stress on them, such as through activities that involve running, jumping, and high-impact sports. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
Skeletal growth6
- Current treatments for severe short stature and skeletal growth disorders are limited. (nih.gov)
- The goal of our research is to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms governing skeletal growth. (nih.gov)
- The purpose of this Skeletal Growth and Development Program Announcement (PA) is to inform the scientific community of our interests, and to stimulate and foster a wide range of basic, translational and patient-oriented clinical studies, in skeletal growth and development. (nih.gov)
- This PA, Research on Skeletal Growth and Development, is related to the priority area of chronic disabling conditions. (nih.gov)
- RESEARCH OBJECTIVES Background Disturbances in skeletal growth and development cause a wide variety of clinical disorders. (nih.gov)
- The current PA indicates our continued interest in skeletal growth and development, and is the direct outgrowth of a NIAMS, NICHD, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, and Orthopaedic Research and Education Foundation-sponsored workshop on the status and future research directions on Skeletal Growth and Development, held in May 1997. (nih.gov)
Physis3
- Physis: the growth plate. (nih.gov)
- Type I happens when the fracture passes through the physis but does not involve the area of bone around the growth plate. (nih.gov)
- Also known as the physis , a growth plate is a place near the end of children's bones where cells are rapidly produced to make the bone longer and bigger. (athensorthopedicclinic.com)
Injuries15
- Injuries to the growth plate (fractures) can result from a single traumatic event, such as a fall or automobile accident, or from chronic stress and overuse. (nih.gov)
- Children and teens with growth plate injuries often need immediate treatment to prevent problems with bone growth. (nih.gov)
- Who Gets Growth Plate Injuries? (nih.gov)
- Because the growth plate is the last area of bone to harden during growth, children and teens are vulnerable to growth plate fractures or injuries. (nih.gov)
- Specializing in one sport and overusing certain limbs or areas of the body before puberty finishes can lead to growth plate injuries. (nih.gov)
- Doctors use a classification system called the Salter-Harris to divide most growth plate injuries and fractures into five types. (nih.gov)
- Sometimes, doctors include the Peterson classification when describing growth plate injuries. (nih.gov)
- Growth plate injuries can happen for many reasons. (nih.gov)
- A sudden accident can cause growth plate injuries. (nih.gov)
- Sometimes, growth plate injuries happen when your child overuses a certain part of the body. (nih.gov)
- Type I injuries generally require a cast to protect the plate as it heals. (smartdraw.com)
- Growth Plate Injuries Surgery is sometimes necessary to restore the joint surface to normal. (smartdraw.com)
- Common knee surgeries to repair growth plate injuries include open reduction (putting the bones back in proper place), and internal fixation, with threaded large pins. (silverorthopedics.com)
- Even though the ligaments surrounding the knee are stronger than the growth plates, young athletes can still suffer injuries to the knee ligaments. (silverorthopedics.com)
- Older teenagers tend to have more ligament injuries than growth plate fractures due to the increased strength of the bone and growth plate, which occurs with age. (silverorthopedics.com)
Fractures occur2
- Growth plate fractures occur more often in boys than in girls. (nih.gov)
- Growth plate fractures occur twice as often in boys as in girls. (breyerlaw.com)
Children's growth plates2
- Unlike adult bones, which have hardened, children's growth plates are actually weaker than the tendons that attach muscle to bone and the ligaments that attach the bones together. (athensorthopedicclinic.com)
- Gigantism occurs when excess GH begins before the end of puberty, when children's growth plates fuse or close. (nih.gov)
Epiphyseal2
- Growth plates - also called epiphyseal plates - are small areas where bone tissue is stored, near the ends of long bones, such as the tibia, the fibula, or the femur. (familyeducation.com)
- Growth plates are also known as epiphyseal plates, physes, or epiphysial plates. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
Puberty5
- Puberty is a confusing time, so we answer all your questions about growth plates, puberty and height with input from Shari Nethersole , a physician at Children's Hospital, Boston, and an instructor in Pediatrics at Harvard Medical School. (familyeducation.com)
- The main factor that determines when the growth plates fuse is the rise in various hormones that takes place with puberty. (familyeducation.com)
- For boys, the growth spurt occurs fairly late in puberty, after there is already a fair amount of pubic hair and the penis and testes have enlarged to almost their full size. (familyeducation.com)
- However, there are some factors that can increase or reduce growth during childhood and puberty. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Testosterone and estrogen are very important for growth during puberty. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Bone growth1
- This knowledge will then be applied to improve medical treatment in disorders of bone growth and in disorders of bone structure. (nih.gov)
Hormone13
- Testosterone, which is the major hormone in boys, promotes growth as well as maturation of bone, eventually causing the growth plates to fuse. (familyeducation.com)
- GNAS mutations on maternally inherited alleles (PHP-1a and PHP-1c) manifest resistance to parathyroid hormone (PTH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), and gonadotropins, as well as the the phenotypic features of Albright hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO). (medscape.com)
- Recombinant human growth hormone (GH) is typically used, but the results are often less than optimal and growth hormone has potential adverse effects. (nih.gov)
- These are made in the pituitary gland and are the most important hormone for growth. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- For instance, children with a rare genetic condition called congenital growth hormone deficiency will grow at a much slower rate than other children. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Can Growth Hormone Therapy Help Kids Reach Their Potential? (medscape.com)
- We're here to get growth hormone. (medscape.com)
- Growth hormone (GH) often makes the news for controversial reasons - most commonly for its abuse by elite athletes hoping to exploit its anabolic effects - causing parents to have varied opinions about its possible use in their children. (medscape.com)
- Growth hormone therapy has been denied by her insurer. (medscape.com)
- Acromegaly is a disorder that occurs when your body makes too much growth hormone (GH). (nih.gov)
- In children, too much growth hormone causes a condition called gigantism rather than acromegaly. (nih.gov)
- When GH enters the blood, this signals the liver to produce another hormone, called insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). IGF-I is the hormone that actually causes bones and body tissue to grow. (nih.gov)
- Some pituitary tumors that create growth hormone can also increase the levels of other hormones in the body. (nih.gov)
Bones24
- The growth plate is the area of tissue near the ends of long bones in children and teens that determines the future length and shape of the mature bone. (nih.gov)
- Because they are even weaker than the nearby ligaments and tendons that connect bones to other bones and muscles, growth plates are vulnerable to injury. (nih.gov)
- As a result, girls' bones finish growing sooner, and the growth plate is replaced with stronger, solid bone at an earlier age. (nih.gov)
- Some bones, like the small bones of the wrist and feet, might fuse while other bones in the body still have open growth plates. (familyeducation.com)
- Height will be determined primarily by the growth in the bones of the legs and the spine at this time. (familyeducation.com)
- It is quite possible that the small bones in the wrist have closed while the growth plates in the legs are still open, and that would allow for continued increases in height. (familyeducation.com)
- But, if they don't see any dark lines at the ends of the bones, this indicates that the growth plates are closed and your child has reached their full adult height. (familyeducation.com)
- If your child is still growing, the long bones in their body will have growth plates on their ends. (familyeducation.com)
- If the growth plates are not visible on an X-ray, these bones are done growing. (familyeducation.com)
- For example, closed growth plates on the wrist cannot guarantee that the leg bones are done growing. (familyeducation.com)
- Because growth plates are the last portion of bones to harden, they are vulnerable to fracture. (breyerlaw.com)
- Each long bone- the thigh bone, the bones in the forearm, and the bones in the hands and fingers-has at least two growth plates, one at each end. (nih.gov)
- They act as a template for the growth of bones, allowing the foot to increase in size and develop properly. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
- Growth plates are the areas of growing tissue at the end of bones in children and adolescents. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
- They are responsible for controlling the growth of bones and are found at the ends of long bones, such as those in the arms and legs. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
- Growth plates provide for the longitudinal growth of bones, allowing them to get longer as a child grows. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
- If a fracture is suspected, an X-ray should be taken to make sure that no damage was done to the growth plate or nearby bones. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
- Growth plates are located at the ends of the bones in children and adolescents. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
- As the child grows, their bones develop and lengthen due to growth plates. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
- Therefore, if one growth plate is damaged early in life, it can have an effect on the development of other bones that are still growing. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
- Failure of the growth plate to function properly can result in short stature or sometimes a skeletal dysplasia, such as achondroplasia, in which the bones are not just short but also malformed. (nih.gov)
- This is due to changes in the growth plates in the long bones of their arms and legs. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- As the growth plates make new bone, the long bones get longer, and the child gets taller. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Many genetic disorders, including chondrodysplasias, and acquired disorders impair growth plate function, resulting in short and sometimes malformed bones. (nih.gov)
Harden1
- As children and adolescents age, the growth plates gradually harden, eventually becoming solid bone. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
Endocrine1
- There are multiple endocrine and paracrine factors that promote chondrogenesis at the growth plate, which could potentially be used to treat these disorders. (nih.gov)
Agar5
- BHIA VA agar screen plate (6 µg/ ml). (cdc.gov)
- Write your initials on the bottom of the agar plate. (nih.gov)
- hand, all over the palm and fingers, with the sterile swab and then rub the swab gently over the agar surface of your agar plate labeled #1. (nih.gov)
- We instructed participants to take a maximal inspiration and cough twice on each of 2 different agar plates, Sabouraud dextrose agar and Columbia blood agar, held at a 5-cm distance from the participant's mouth. (cdc.gov)
- We incubated Sabouraud dextrose agar cough plates at 28°C and Columbia blood agar cough plates at 36°C for 3 weeks and inspected daily for bacterial and fungal growth. (cdc.gov)
Occurs3
- Compression fracture through growth plate: This uncommon injury occurs when the end of the bone is crushed and the growth plate is compressed. (smartdraw.com)
- If the force is great enough, a complete separation (fracture) of the growth plate occurs in the knee. (silverorthopedics.com)
- When a non-growth plate knee injury occurs, most of the time the knee ligaments (ACL or MCL) are sprained or partially torn. (silverorthopedics.com)
Vulnerable to injury1
- Growth plates are especially vulnerable to injury during childhood and adolescence because they are softer than mature bone. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
Solid bone2
- Growth plates that have not yet formed into solid bone appear as a dark line on an X-ray. (familyeducation.com)
- Once your child has finished growing, the growth plates close and are replaced by solid bone. (nih.gov)
Hormones5
- Growth plates can be affected by hormones and nutrition, as well as genetics, trauma, and other factors. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
- Some of these genes affect the growth plates, and others affect the production of growth hormones. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- The body produces hormones that instruct the growth plates to make new bone. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Some health conditions can restrict the amount of growth hormones the body makes, and this can impact height. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- The thyroid gland makes hormones that influence growth. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Regulates3
- The growth plate regulates and helps determine the length and shape of the mature bone. (breyerlaw.com)
- 1. SHP2 Regulates the Osteogenic Fate of Growth Plate Hypertrophic Chondrocytes. (nih.gov)
- 2. SHP2 regulates chondrocyte terminal differentiation, growth plate architecture and skeletal cell fates. (nih.gov)
Screws11
- This may involve surgical plates, screws, or wires to secure the bone as it heals. (breyerlaw.com)
- Plates and Screws " market report 2022 provides a survey of the industry's current and future situation by estimating the market by share, geography, and size in terms of volume and value. (ivnt.com)
- The Plates and Screws market report includes industry classifications, applications, key supply chains, product demand, sub-segments, base year and forecast period results, and significant issues faced by market players. (ivnt.com)
- The report offers a comprehensive and broad perspective on the global Plates and Screws Market. (ivnt.com)
- The market statistics represented in different Plates and Screws Market segments offer a complete industry picture. (ivnt.com)
- Market growth drivers and challenges affecting the development of the Plates and Screws Market are analyzed in detail. (ivnt.com)
- The report will help in the analysis of major competitive market scenarios, and market dynamics of the Plates and Screws Market. (ivnt.com)
- Major stakeholders, key companies Plates and Screws Market, investment feasibility, and new market entrants study is offered. (ivnt.com)
- The development scope of the Plates and Screws Market in each market segment is covered in this report. (ivnt.com)
- The upstream and downstream components of the Plates and Screws Market and a comprehensive value chain are explained. (ivnt.com)
- Occasionally, surgery is needed to put the bone back together with the help of pins, screws, rods and plates. (athensorthopedicclinic.com)
Occur2
- Unless perfect alignment is achieved and maintained during healing, prognosis for growth is poor, and angulation (bending) of the bone may occur. (smartdraw.com)
- Growth plate fractures can occur as a result of a traumatic event like a car crash. (breyerlaw.com)
Fuse1
- While it is true that once a growth plate has fused there will be no lengthening of that bone, not all the growth plates in the body fuse at the same time. (familyeducation.com)
Spurt2
- It usually affects kids 11 to 16 years old who are going through a growth spurt. (kidshealth.org)
- Doctors do know SCFE mostly happens in people between the ages of 11 and 16 who are going through a growth spurt. (kidshealth.org)
Weaker1
- Because they are weaker than the knee ligaments, it is the growth plates that are most affected by the force (the hit from the other player). (silverorthopedics.com)
Impair1
- Not getting enough sleep over a long period of time may interfere with healthy growth, cause other health problems, and impair the ability of the child to focus, learn, and participate in life. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Short stature1
- Our findings indicate that ACAN mutations, can present as autosomal-dominant short stature with advanced bone age and early growth cessation (Nilsson et al, 2014) . (nih.gov)
Ankle2
- The usual progression of fusion of growth plates is elbow first, then foot and ankle, then hand and wrist, then knee, then hip and pelvis, and last the shoulder and clavicle. (familyeducation.com)
- For example, if a growth plate in the ankle or foot is injured, it can cause a discrepancy in leg length. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
Pituitary gland1
- Produced mainly in the pituitary gland , GH controls the physical growth of the body. (nih.gov)
ABSTRACT1
- abstract = "Qualitative characteristics of biomass production in ultrahigh density algal bioreactors with a small optical path (specifically, thin flat-plate reactors) are analyzed and explained in terms of models, which combine the random motion of cells across the optical path with simple models for the photosynthetic process. (bgu.ac.il)
Genes3
- To address this knowledge gap, we developed a new analytic approach to identify causative genes within these GWAS loci, based on the hypothesis that many of the causative genes within these loci influence height because they are expressed in and function in the growth plate. (nih.gov)
- This analysis strongly implicated a large number of novel genes that regulate human growth plate chondrogenesis and thereby contribute to the normal variations in human adult height ( Lui et al, 2012 ). (nih.gov)
- Recently, there have been significant scientific advances defining the sequential expression of genes responsible for the synthesis of matrix molecules and formation and growth of the musculoskeletal system. (nih.gov)
Pediatric1
- We use pediatric-specific surgical methods to treat your child without affecting his or her growth. (childrensnational.org)
Maturation2
- 14. Chondrocyte-specific knockout of Cbfβ reveals the indispensable function of Cbfβ in chondrocyte maturation, growth plate development and trabecular bone formation in mice. (nih.gov)
- 16. Sox9 directs hypertrophic maturation and blocks osteoblast differentiation of growth plate chondrocytes. (nih.gov)
Traumatic event1
- This puts a large amount of the force from a traumatic event (such as a sporting injury or an automobile accident) into the growth plate resulting in a fracture. (athensorthopedicclinic.com)
Dwarfism1
- 12. Persistent expression of Twist1 in chondrocytes causes growth plate abnormalities and dwarfism in mice. (nih.gov)
Adolescents1
- It is important to note that growth plates are not present in adults and are only found in children and adolescents. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
Optimal1
- it has a mycelial form at lower growth temperatures (optimal 25 degrees C) and a yeast form when incubated at 35 degrees C on enriched media. (cdc.gov)
Childhood1
- Approximately 15% to 30% of all childhood fractures are growth plate fractures . (breyerlaw.com)
Femur2
- In athletes under age 17 or 18, the growth plates of the tibia and femur are still quite weak. (silverorthopedics.com)
- Kids and teens also have a growth plate at the top of the thighbone (femur), just under the "ball" portion of the joint. (kidshealth.org)
Adult height1
- These plates close as the child reaches their adult height. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
Ossification1
- Expression of matrix metalloproteinases during vascularization and ossification of normal and impaired avian growth plate. (nih.gov)
Children7
- However, the growth plate fracture heals a great deal, especially in younger children. (smartdraw.com)
- All children who are still growing are at risk for a growth plate injury. (breyerlaw.com)
- Sleep promotes growth and development in children and teenagers. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Growth is one of the most important indicators of health in children. (medscape.com)
- In my clinic, I've diagnosed severe hypothyroidism in a marathon runner, a brain tumor, celiac disease in a teenager with no gastrointestinal complaints, autoimmune hepatitis, and several other diseases needing treatment in children who show no symptoms other than poor growth. (medscape.com)
- Sometimes, the die is cast for children to have barriers to normal growth. (medscape.com)
- Children who are small for their gestational age may be GH-resistant, and those who do not catch up to their growth curve by the age of 2 years may require GH treatment to reach their height potential. (medscape.com)
Surgery4
- Surgery is frequently needed to restore the joint surface to normal and to perfectly align the growth plate. (smartdraw.com)
- Patients with achondroplasia with genu varum who underwent TBP surgery for growth modulation were studied. (bvsalud.org)
- Growth modulation by TBP surgery is a reliable and simple technique to correct genu varum in achondroplasia . (bvsalud.org)
- SCFE is always treated with surgery to stabilize the growth plate that slipped. (kidshealth.org)
Tissue1
- This tissue indicates that there is still growth potential. (familyeducation.com)
Muscles1
- During this process, if the growth plate is damaged, it can affect the shape of the bone, the position of the joints, and the strength of the muscles that support it. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
Normal1
- Additionally, the growth plates may be disrupted by illness or the use of certain medications, leading to disruptions in normal growth. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
Child4
- And what happens if your child injures or fractures one of their growth plates? (familyeducation.com)
- If your child was injured in a fall or car accident, they may require extensive medical care to prevent a growth plate injury that could result in long-term severe pain, or an inability to move or put pressure on a limb. (breyerlaw.com)
- If a child experiences an injury that affects the growth plate, it can cause stunted growth and skeletal deformities. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
- These techniques, along with a conservative approach, help us protect special bone segments (growth plates) so your child is able to achieve his or her full growth potential. (childrensnational.org)
Heal2
- However, with proper treatment, most growth plate fractures heal without any lasting effect. (nih.gov)
- Growth plate fractures are among the quickest fractures to heal due to the rich blood supply and healing factors to the area. (athensorthopedicclinic.com)
Injury3
- Type 2 injury breaks through the growth plate and the metaphysis, which contains a spongy interior. (breyerlaw.com)
- Type 5 is a crush injury compressing the growth plate. (breyerlaw.com)
- Running, weight work, stretching, power skating, and practicing the specific sport are my recommendations for success and to lower the risks of growth plate injury or ligament injury to the knee. (silverorthopedics.com)
Development6
- To ensure proper development, it is important to understand the role of growth plates in the development of your foot. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
- In this blog post, we will discuss the importance of growth plates in the development of your foot. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
- How Do Growth Plates Affect Foot Development? (littlelovebugcompany.com)
- Growth plates are important for healthy foot development. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
- In addition, an important factor to keep in mind is that different growth plates mature at different times during development. (littlelovebugcompany.com)
- 15. Chondrocytes transdifferentiate into osteoblasts in endochondral bone during development, postnatal growth and fracture healing in mice. (nih.gov)