AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and Occupations
Growth PlateChondrocytesBone DevelopmentEpiphysesTibiaCartilageBone PlatesOsteochondrodysplasiasMetatarsal BonesCollagen Type XChondrogenesisCalcification, PhysiologicBone and BonesOsteogenesisThiramMetacarpusFemurGrowth Differentiation Factor 10HypertrophyParathyroid Hormone-Related ProteinBone Diseases, DevelopmentalReceptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3SkeletonDwarfismHedgehog ProteinsRibsSOXD Transcription FactorsAchondroplasiaCell DifferentiationReceptor, Parathyroid Hormone, Type 1Exostoses, Multiple HereditaryCartilage, ArticularOsteochondritisIn Situ HybridizationBone MatrixHumerusCollagen Type IINeural PlateHyperostosisPeriosteumRicketsGrowth DisordersGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalAggrecansOsteoblastsCollagenOssification, HeterotopicCell ProliferationAlkaline PhosphataseInsulin-Like Growth Factor IFemur HeadExtracellular Matrix ProteinsCore Binding Factor Alpha 1 SubunitMatrilin ProteinsSOX9 Transcription FactorImmunohistochemistryRats, Sprague-DawleyCells, CulturedMice, KnockoutSkull BaseMicrodissectionCell Division24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3
Growth Plate
The area between the EPIPHYSIS and the DIAPHYSIS within which bone growth occurs.
Chondrocytes
Polymorphic cells that form cartilage.
Bone Development
The growth and development of bones from fetus to adult. It includes two principal mechanisms of bone growth: growth in length of long bones at the epiphyseal cartilages and growth in thickness by depositing new bone (OSTEOGENESIS) with the actions of OSTEOBLASTS and OSTEOCLASTS.
Epiphyses
The head of a long bone that is separated from the shaft by the epiphyseal plate until bone growth stops. At that time, the plate disappears and the head and shaft are united.
Tibia
The second longest bone of the skeleton. It is located on the medial side of the lower leg, articulating with the FIBULA laterally, the TALUS distally, and the FEMUR proximally.
Cartilage
A non-vascular form of connective tissue composed of CHONDROCYTES embedded in a matrix that includes CHONDROITIN SULFATE and various types of FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN. There are three major types: HYALINE CARTILAGE; FIBROCARTILAGE; and ELASTIC CARTILAGE.
Bone Plates
Implantable fracture fixation devices attached to bone fragments with screws to bridge the fracture gap and shield the fracture site from stress as bone heals. (UMDNS, 1999)
Osteochondrodysplasias
Abnormal development of cartilage and bone.
Metatarsal Bones
The five long bones of the METATARSUS, articulating with the TARSAL BONES proximally and the PHALANGES OF TOES distally.
Collagen Type X
A non-fibrillar collagen found primarily in terminally differentiated hypertrophic CHONDROCYTES. It is a homotrimer of three identical alpha1(X) subunits.
Chondrogenesis
The formation of cartilage. This process is directed by CHONDROCYTES which continually divide and lay down matrix during development. It is sometimes a precursor to OSTEOGENESIS.
Calcification, Physiologic
Process by which organic tissue becomes hardened by the physiologic deposit of calcium salts.
Bone and Bones
A specialized CONNECTIVE TISSUE that is the main constituent of the SKELETON. The principle cellular component of bone is comprised of OSTEOBLASTS; OSTEOCYTES; and OSTEOCLASTS, while FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and hydroxyapatite crystals form the BONE MATRIX.
Osteogenesis
The process of bone formation. Histogenesis of bone including ossification.
Thiram
A dithiocarbamate chemical, used commercially in the rubber processing industry and as a fungicide. In vivo studies indicate that it inactivates the enzyme GLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE. It has mutagenic activity and may induce chromosomal aberrations.
Metacarpus
The region of the HAND between the WRIST and the FINGERS.
Femur
The longest and largest bone of the skeleton, it is situated between the hip and the knee.
Growth Differentiation Factor 10
A growth differentiation factor that is closely-related in structure to BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN 3. Growth differentiation factor 10 is found at high levels in BONE, however it plays an additional roles in regulating EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT.
Hypertrophy
General increase in bulk of a part or organ due to CELL ENLARGEMENT and accumulation of FLUIDS AND SECRETIONS, not due to tumor formation, nor to an increase in the number of cells (HYPERPLASIA).
Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein
A ubiquitously expressed, secreted protein with bone resorption and renal calcium reabsorption activities that are similar to PARATHYROID HORMONE. It does not circulate in appreciable amounts in normal subjects, but rather exerts its biological actions locally. Overexpression of parathyroid hormone-related protein by tumor cells results in humoral calcemia of malignancy.
Bone Diseases, Developmental
Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3
A fibroblast growth factor receptor that regulates CHONDROCYTE growth and CELL DIFFERENTIATION. Mutations in the gene for fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 have been associated with ACHONDROPLASIA; THANATOPHORIC DYSPLASIA and NEOPLASTIC CELL TRANSFORMATION.
Skeleton
The rigid framework of connected bones that gives form to the body, protects and supports its soft organs and tissues, and provides attachments for MUSCLES.
Dwarfism
A genetic or pathological condition that is characterized by short stature and undersize. Abnormal skeletal growth usually results in an adult who is significantly below the average height.
Hedgehog Proteins
A family of intercellular signaling proteins that play and important role in regulating the development of many TISSUES and organs. Their name derives from the observation of a hedgehog-like appearance in DROSOPHILA embryos with genetic mutations that block their action.
Ribs
A set of twelve curved bones which connect to the vertebral column posteriorly, and terminate anteriorly as costal cartilage. Together, they form a protective cage around the internal thoracic organs.
SOXD Transcription Factors
A subclass of closely-related SOX transcription factors. In addition to a conserved HMG-BOX DOMAIN, members of this group contain a leucine zipper motif which mediates protein DIMERIZATION.
Achondroplasia
An autosomal dominant disorder that is the most frequent form of short-limb dwarfism. Affected individuals exhibit short stature caused by rhizomelic shortening of the limbs, characteristic facies with frontal bossing and mid-face hypoplasia, exaggerated lumbar lordosis, limitation of elbow extension, GENU VARUM, and trident hand. (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim, MIM#100800, April 20, 2001)
Cell Differentiation
Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.
Receptor, Parathyroid Hormone, Type 1
A parathyroid hormone receptor subtype that recognizes both PARATHYROID HORMONE and PARATHYROID HORMONE-RELATED PROTEIN. It is a G-protein-coupled receptor that is expressed at high levels in BONE and in KIDNEY.
Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary
Hereditary disorder transmitted by an autosomal dominant gene and characterized by multiple exostoses (multiple osteochondromas) near the ends of long bones. The genetic abnormality results in a defect in the osteoclastic activity at the metaphyseal ends of the bone during the remodeling process in childhood or early adolescence. The metaphyses develop benign, bony outgrowths often capped by cartilage. A small number undergo neoplastic transformation.
Cartilage, Articular
A protective layer of firm, flexible cartilage over the articulating ends of bones. It provides a smooth surface for joint movement, protecting the ends of long bones from wear at points of contact.
Osteochondritis
Inflammation of a bone and its overlaying CARTILAGE.
In Situ Hybridization
A technique that localizes specific nucleic acid sequences within intact chromosomes, eukaryotic cells, or bacterial cells through the use of specific nucleic acid-labeled probes.
Bone Matrix
Extracellular substance of bone tissue consisting of COLLAGEN fibers, ground substance, and inorganic crystalline minerals and salts.
Humerus
Bone in humans and primates extending from the SHOULDER JOINT to the ELBOW JOINT.
Collagen Type II
A fibrillar collagen found predominantly in CARTILAGE and vitreous humor. It consists of three identical alpha1(II) chains.
Neural Plate
The region in the dorsal ECTODERM of a chordate embryo that gives rise to the future CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Tissue in the neural plate is called the neuroectoderm, often used as a synonym of neural plate.
Hyperostosis
Increase in the mass of bone per unit volume.
Periosteum
Thin outer membrane that surrounds a bone. It contains CONNECTIVE TISSUE, CAPILLARIES, nerves, and a number of cell types.
Rickets
Disorders caused by interruption of BONE MINERALIZATION manifesting as OSTEOMALACIA in adults and characteristic deformities in infancy and childhood due to disturbances in normal BONE FORMATION. The mineralization process may be interrupted by disruption of VITAMIN D; PHOSPHORUS; or CALCIUM homeostasis, resulting from dietary deficiencies, or acquired, or inherited metabolic, or hormonal disturbances.
Growth Disorders
Deviations from the average values for a specific age and sex in any or all of the following: height, weight, skeletal proportions, osseous development, or maturation of features. Included here are both acceleration and retardation of growth.
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism.
Aggrecans
Large HYALURONAN-containing proteoglycans found in articular cartilage (CARTILAGE, ARTICULAR). They form into aggregates that provide tissues with the capacity to resist high compressive and tensile forces.
Osteoblasts
Bone-forming cells which secrete an EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX. HYDROXYAPATITE crystals are then deposited into the matrix to form bone.
Collagen
A polypeptide substance comprising about one third of the total protein in mammalian organisms. It is the main constituent of SKIN; CONNECTIVE TISSUE; and the organic substance of bones (BONE AND BONES) and teeth (TOOTH).
Ossification, Heterotopic
The development of bony substance in normally soft structures.
Cell Proliferation
All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION.
Alkaline Phosphatase
An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.1.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
A well-characterized basic peptide believed to be secreted by the liver and to circulate in the blood. It has growth-regulating, insulin-like, and mitogenic activities. This growth factor has a major, but not absolute, dependence on GROWTH HORMONE. It is believed to be mainly active in adults in contrast to INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR II, which is a major fetal growth factor.
Femur Head
The hemispheric articular surface at the upper extremity of the thigh bone. (Stedman, 26th ed)
Extracellular Matrix Proteins
Macromolecular organic compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and usually, sulfur. These macromolecules (proteins) form an intricate meshwork in which cells are embedded to construct tissues. Variations in the relative types of macromolecules and their organization determine the type of extracellular matrix, each adapted to the functional requirements of the tissue. The two main classes of macromolecules that form the extracellular matrix are: glycosaminoglycans, usually linked to proteins (proteoglycans), and fibrous proteins (e.g., COLLAGEN; ELASTIN; FIBRONECTINS; and LAMININ).
Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit
A transcription factor that dimerizes with CORE BINDING FACTOR BETA SUBUNIT to form core binding factor. It contains a highly conserved DNA-binding domain known as the runt domain and is involved in genetic regulation of skeletal development and CELL DIFFERENTIATION.
Matrilin Proteins
PROTEOGLYCANS-associated proteins that are major components of EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX of various tissues including CARTILAGE; and INTERVERTEBRAL DISC structures. They bind COLLAGEN fibers and contain protein domains that enable oligomer formation and interaction with other extracellular matrix proteins such as CARTILAGE OLIGOMERIC MATRIX PROTEIN.
SOX9 Transcription Factor
A SOXE transcription factor that plays a critical role in regulating CHONDROGENESIS; OSTEOGENESIS; and male sex determination. Loss of function of the SOX9 transcription factor due to genetic mutations is a cause of CAMPOMELIC DYSPLASIA.
Immunohistochemistry
Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.
Cells, Cultured
Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.
Mice, Knockout
Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.
Skull Base
The inferior region of the skull consisting of an internal (cerebral), and an external (basilar) surface.
Microdissection
The performance of dissections with the aid of a microscope.
Cell Division
The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.
24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3
A physiologically active metabolite of VITAMIN D. The compound is involved in the regulation of calcium metabolism, alkaline phosphatase activity, and enhances the calcemic effect of CALCITRIOL.

Spatiotemporal expression of alternatively spliced IGF-I mRNA in the rat costochondral growth plate. (1/822)

IGF-I acts as a local proliferation and maturation factor for chondrocytes in the growth plate. However, the expression of different alternative IGF-I mRNA classes in the growth plate has not been characterized. Using quantitative reverse transcription PCR, the abundance of each alternative IGF-I mRNA class in resting, proliferative and hypertrophic chondrocytes was measured in rat costochondral growth plates. Class 1Ea mRNA was the most abundant IGF-I transcript overall and was highly expressed in proliferative chondrocytes at 2 and 4 weeks of age; by 6 weeks, the majority of 1Ea mRNA expression had shifted to hypertrophic chondrocytes. Class 1Eb mRNA was the second most abundant transcript and its distribution was uniform across all the cell types at 2 weeks of age. The expression pattern changed with increasing age such that at 6 weeks a gradient existed with hypertrophic chondrocytes expressing higher levels of 1Eb than resting chondrocytes. Class 2Ea mRNA was constitutively expressed at low levels across the growth plate at all ages, while class 2Eb mRNA expression was negligible. The distribution of total IGF-I mRNA also shifted across growth plate cell types as the animals aged from 2 to 6 weeks. These findings suggest that IGF-I class 1 mRNA plays the predominant role in the maturation of the growth plate.  (+info)

The bcl-2 knockout mouse exhibits marked changes in osteoblast phenotype and collagen deposition in bone as well as a mild growth plate phenotype. (2/822)

Histological examination of long bones from 1-day-old bcl-2 knockout and age-matched control mice revealed no obvious differences in length of bone, growth plate architecture or stage of endochondral ossification. In 35-day-old bcl-2 knockout mice that are growth retarded or 'dwarfed'. the proliferative zone of the growth plate appeared slightly thinner and the secondary centres of ossification less well developed than their age-matched wild-type controls. The most marked histological effects of bcl-2 ablation were on osteoblasts and bone. 35-day-old knockout mouse bones exhibited far greater numbers of osteoblasts than controls and the osteoblasts had a cuboidal phenotype in comparison with the normal flattened cell appearance. In addition, the collagen deposited by the osteoblasts in the bcl-2 knockout mouse bone was disorganized in comparison with control tissue and had a pseudo-woven appearance. The results suggest an important role for Bcl-2 in controlling osteoblast phenotype and bone deposition in vivo.  (+info)

A mouse model for achondroplasia produced by targeting fibroblast growth factor receptor 3. (3/822)

Achondroplasia, the most common form of dwarfism in man, is a dominant genetic disorder caused by a point mutation (G380R) in the transmembrane region of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3). We used gene targeting to introduce the human achondroplasia mutation into the murine FGFR3 gene. Heterozygotes for this point mutation that carried the neo cassette were normal whereas neo+ homozygotes had a phenotype similar to FGFR3-deficient mice, exhibiting bone overgrowth. This was because of interference with mRNA processing in the presence of the neo cassette. Removal of the neo selection marker by Cre/loxP recombination yielded a dominant dwarf phenotype. These mice are distinguished by their small size, shortened craniofacial area, hypoplasia of the midface with protruding incisors, distorted brain case with anteriorly shifted foramen magnum, kyphosis, and narrowed and distorted growth plates in the long bones, vertebrae, and ribs. These experiments demonstrate that achondroplasia results from a gain-of-FGFR3-function leading to inhibition of chondrocyte proliferation. These achondroplastic dwarf mice represent a reliable and useful model for developing drugs for potential treatment of the human disease.  (+info)

Aberrant death in dark chondrocytes of the avian growth plate. (4/822)

Growth plate chondrocytes of embryonic chick femurs were examined by electron microscopy, cytophotometry and autoradiography. Apart from the well-described 'light' chondrocyte, a different 'dark' type of chondrocyte was present, comprising 10 - 35% of the cell population. They were found at all stages of chondrocyte differentiation and in all ages of the femurs studied. Well developed rough endoplasmatic reticulum and Golgi complex, many secretory vesicles, energetically active mitochondria and a lot of glycogen, indicating high activity of the cytoplasm, were combined with low RNA synthesis, gentle margination and scattered compaction of the chromatin. DNA cytometry revealed that most of dark cells were diploid, but 15 - 30% were tetraploid, with the absence of an S-phase. Substantial loss of DNA was found in about 10% of dark chondrocytes. The TUNEL reaction demonstrated a limited number of DNA strand breaks. Advanced dark cells possessed the nuclear features of both apoptosis and necrosis. Besides chromomeric-chromonemic compaction, a chromatin arrangement similar to that of prometaphase and metaphase, as well as amitotic nuclear segregation, all of them degenerative, were found. Our interpretation is that the dark chondrocytes undergo an aberrant type of cell death which may be combined with aberrant cell cycle. Cell death of dark chondrocytes is preceded by a pre-mortal burst of secretion.  (+info)

Growth plate cartilage formation and resorption are differentially depressed in growth retarded uremic rats. (5/822)

To characterize the modifications of growth plate in individuals with growth impairment secondary to chronic renal failure, young rats were made uremic by subtotal nephrectomy (NX) and, after 14 d, their tibial growth plates were studied and compared with those of sham-operated rats fed ad libitum (SAL) or pair-fed with NX (SPF). NX rats were growth retarded and severely uremic. Growth plate height (mean +/- SD) was much greater (P<0.05) in NX (868.4+/-85.4 microm) than SAL (570.1+/-93.5 microm) and SPF (551.9+/-99.7 microm) rats as a result of a higher (P<0.05) hypertrophic zone (661.0+/-89.7 versus 362.8+/-71.6 and 353.0+/-93.9 microm, respectively). The increased size of the growth plate was associated with a greater number of chondrocytes and modifications in their structure, particularly in the hypertrophic zone adjacent to bone. In this zone, chondrocytes of NX animals were significantly (P<0.05) smaller (12080.4+/-1158.3 microm3) and shorter (34.1+/-2.5 microm) than those of SAL (16302.8+/-1483.4 microm3 and 37.8+/-2.0 microm) and SPF (14465.8+/-1521.0 microm3 and 36.3+/-1.8 microm). The interface between the growth plate cartilage and the metaphyseal bone appeared markedly irregular in NX rats. Kinetics of chondrocytes was also modified (P<0.05) in the NX rats, which had lower cell turnover per column per day (5.4+/-0.9), longer duration of hypertrophic phase (89.0+/-15.2 h), and reduced cellular advance velocity (7.4+/-2.2 microm/h) compared with SAL (8.0+/-1.6, 32.1+/-6.7 h, and 11.3+/-2.7 microm/h) and SPF (7.2+/-1.1, 34.8+/-5.1 h, and 10.1+/-2.5 microm/h). Cell proliferation was no different among the three groups. Because the growth plates of SPF and SAL rats were substantially not different, modifications observed in the NX rats cannot be attributed to the nutritional deficit associated with renal failure. These findings indicate that chronic renal failure depresses both the activity of the growth plate cartilage by altering chondrocyte hypertrophy and the replacement of cartilage by bone at the metaphyseal end. The two processes are differentially depressed since cartilage resorption is more severely lowered than cartilage enlargement and this leads to an accumulation of cartilage at the hypertrophic zone.  (+info)

Measurement of biological activity of somatotropin in hypophysectomized rats. (6/822)

AIM: To develop a method for measurement of biological activity of recombinant DNA-derived somatotropin (rhGH). METHODS: The effects of varying the route, frequency and period of administration of GH, the sex of test animals on the biological responses, body weight gain (BWG), and tibial epiphyseal width (TEW), of hypophysectomized (Hypox) rats were compared, respectively. 4-d BWG, 6-d BWG, and 6-d TEW tests were carried out simultaneously in the same group of Hypox rats to determine the biopotency of GH preparations according to a parallel line bioassay (6-point assay). The final result was chosen from the test which had smaller values for the index of precision (lambda) and the average rate of fiducial limits (ARFL) than other tests. RESULTS: No significant differences in the responses between male and female rats, between sc and im, once daily and twice daily injections of bGH were found. But the BWG and TEW of Hypox rats injected with 0.045 and 0.135 IU.d-1 of bGH for 6 d were significantly greater than that for 4 d. Both 4-d BWG test and 6-d BWG test in the range from 0.020 to 0.500 IU.d-1 had values for lambda = 0.0660 and 0.1747, and for r = 0.9000 and 0.9237, respectively. Three estimates of rhGH preparation compared with the International Standard for somatotropin (IShGH), 4.6132, 3.9829, and 4.8023 IU/ampoule, were obtained separately from 4-d BWG test, 6-d BWG test and 6-d TEW test. And the result from 6-d BWG test was reported finally because it had smaller values for lambda and ARFL (0.0608 and 37.907%) than other two tests. CONCLUSION: Both BWG test and TEW test can be carried out simultaneously in the same group of Hypox rats. 6-d BWG test seemed to be more suitable for potency determination of GH preparations than 4-d BWG test and 6-d TEW test.  (+info)

Immunohistochemical observations on the initial disorders of the epiphyseal growth plate in rats induced by high dose of vitamin A. (7/822)

The initial disorders of the epiphyseal growth plate cartilage were immunohistochemically examined in the proximal tibia of rats administered a high dose of vitamin A. Male Wistar rats were given 100,000 IU/100 g body weight/day of vitamin A for administration periods of 1 to 5 days (Day 1 to 5) from 4 weeks after birth or were given deionized water and used as control. They were sacrificed after 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) injection on Day 1 to Day 5 to remove the tibiae. The tibiae were processed for immunohistochemical examinations using antibodies against type I, II, X collagens and BrdU. BrdU-incorporated chondrocytes and type X collagen-negative area were reduced since Day 2 and type X collagen-positive area was reduced since Day 4. The cartilage matrix partially lost type II collagen and deposited type I collagen in the epiphyseal growth plate near the periosteum on Day 5. These findings suggest that a high dose of vitamin A initially disturbed the differentiation from resting to proliferating chondrocytes, subsequently inhibited the differentiation from proliferating to hypertrophic chondrocytes, caused the chondrocytes to deviate from the process of normal differentiation, and finally resulted in the deformation of the epiphyseal growth plate.  (+info)

Cathepsin expression during skeletal development. (8/822)

Cysteine proteinases, cathepsins B, H, K, L and S, have been implicated in several proteolytic processes during development, growth, remodeling and aging, as well as in a variety of pathological processes. For systematic analysis of cathepsin gene expression we have produced cDNA clones for mouse and human cysteine cathepsins. Northern analysis of a panel of total RNAs isolated from 16-19 different human and mouse tissues revealed the presence of mRNAs for cathepsin B, H, K, L and S in most tissues, but each with a distinct profile. Of the different cathepsin mRNAs, those for cathepsin K were clearly the highest in bone and cartilage. However, relatively high mRNA levels for the other cathepsins were also present in these tissues. To better understand the roles of different cathepsins during endochondral ossification in mouse long bones, cathepsin mRNAs were localized by in situ hybridization. Cathepsin K mRNAs were predominantly seen in multinucleated chondroclastic and osteoclastic cells at the osteochondral junction and on the surface of bone spicules. The other cathepsin mRNAs were also seen in osteoclasts, and in hypertrophic and proliferating chondrocytes. These observations were confirmed by immunohistochemistry and suggest that all cysteine cathepsins are involved in matrix degradation during endochondral ossification.  (+info)

canine growth plate closure average timecanine growth plate closure average time
Growth Plate Expression Profiling: Large and Small Breed Dogs Provide New Insights in Endochondral Bone Formation Michelle Teunissen,1 Frank M. Riemers,1 Dik van Leenen,2 Marian J. Figure 7. Caine Growth Plate Closure. Digital computer animation was used primarily to enhance the animals mouth movements. Again, this is â ¦ The closure time of all growth plates in the forelimbs in females was fond to be ended in the 13th month and in males in the 16th month were closed; closure time of growth plates for hind limbs in females was in the 15th month and in male was in the 18th month. Some people ... many breeders, trainers, and owners have said that puppies should not be exercised until the growth plates are closed. The following tables list the range and average closure times (in days after birth) reported by different authors worldwide. Chris Zinc DVM PhD DACVP said, …if the femur has achieved its genetically determined normal length at eight months when a dog gets spayed or neutered, but ...
https://www.saltirelles.com/joshua-gzhhb/canine-growth-plate-closure-average-time-029bbf
growth plate closure chart - Plot.vlta.cogrowth plate closure chart - Plot.vlta.co
welcome to kiokee mastiffs mastiff growth plate closure, limb length discrepancy musculoskeletal key, 3 answers when do the epiphyseal plates close and is there a way, determination of the closure time of growth plates of tibia fibula, growth plate fractures orthoinfo aaos
http://plot.vlta.co/growth-plate-closure-chart/
7. Regulation of growth plate chondrocytes and bone cells7. Regulation of growth plate chondrocytes and bone cells
7.1. Insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I & IGF-II). Of the growth factors, those with the most potent effects on growing skeletal tissue are the IGFs, previously known as somatomedins. IGFs are synthesised in the liver and circulate bound to carrier proteins (Froesch et al., 1985). The major factors regulating IGF concentrations in serum are growth hormone, nutritional intake and thyroid hormones, the latter being necessary for growth hormone secretion. The traditional view was that growth hormone acted indirectly on the growth plate via IGF-I, a potent mitogen for growth plate chondrocytes. However, there is increasing evidence that growth hormone has direct effects on the growth plate (Tripper et al., 1989). (This close relationship between circulating IGFs and growth hormone will be discussed in more detail in the chapter covering the hormonal regulation of growth.). In addition to having effects on the growth plate chondrocytes, locally synthesised and circulating IGFs retained in bone matrix ...
http://archive.unu.edu/unupress/food2/UID06E/UID06E0V.HTM
Growth Plate Injuries - knee, leg - World of Sports ScienceGrowth Plate Injuries - knee, leg - World of Sports Science
Every one of the long skeletal bones in the body has a growth plate that governs its rate of the bone growth and development. This growth plate, or physis, is located near the end of each long bone, adjoining the head of the bone, called the epiphysis. The release of growth hormone, somatotropin, interacts with the cells of the growth plate during periods of cellular creation. As a child grows, the growth plates harden by a process known as ossification of the bone cells, eventually disappearing when the body reaches maturity. Thus, growth plate injuries are, by definition, damage sustained by a child or an adolescent.. Bones such as the tibia and fibula (lower leg), the radius (forearm), and the femur (thigh) are structures that commonly sustain growth plate damage. The growth plate in a child or adolescent is often softer than the supporting ligaments and connective tissues, because bones form more slowly, rendering the growth plate more vulnerable to fracture.. The period in physical ...
http://www.faqs.org/sports-science/Fo-Ha/Growth-Plate-Injuries.html
24R,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [24R,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>] controls growth plate development by inhibiting apoptosis in...24R,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [24R,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>] controls growth plate development by inhibiting apoptosis in...
TY - JOUR. T1 - 24R,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [24R,25(OH)2D3] controls growth plate development by inhibiting apoptosis in the reserve zone and stimulating response to 1α,25(OH)2D3 in hypertrophic cells. AU - Boyan, B. D.. AU - Hurst-Kennedy, J.. AU - Denison, T. A.. AU - Schwartz, Z.. PY - 2010/7/1. Y1 - 2010/7/1. N2 - Previously we showed that costochondral growth plate resting zone (RC) chondrocytes response primarily to 24R,25(OH)2D3 whereas prehypertrophic and hypertrophic (GC) cells respond to 1α,25(OH)2D3. 24R,25(OH)2D3 increases RC cell proliferation and inhibits activity of matrix processing enzymes, suggesting it stabilizes cells in the reserve zone, possibly by inhibiting the matrix degradation characteristic of apoptotic hypertrophic GC cells. To test this, apoptosis was induced in rat RC cells by treatment with exogenous inorganic phosphate (Pi). 24R,25(OH)2D3 blocked apoptotic effects in a dose-dependent manner. Similarly, apoptosis was induced in ATDC5 cell cultures and ...
https://scholars.uthscsa.edu/en/publications/24r25-dihydroxyvitamin-d3-24r25ohsub2subdsub3sub-controls-growth-
Expression and production of stathmin in growth plate chondrocytes is cell-maturation dependent<...Expression and production of stathmin in growth plate chondrocytes is cell-maturation dependent<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Expression and production of stathmin in growth plate chondrocytes is cell-maturation dependent. AU - Hummert, Thomas W.. AU - Schwartz, Zvi. AU - Sylvia, Victor L.. AU - Dean, David D.. AU - Hardin, Robert R.. AU - Boyan, Barbara D.. PY - 2000. Y1 - 2000. N2 - Growth plate cartilage is comprised of linear columns of chondrocytes with the least differentiated cells at one end and the terminally differentiated cells at the other end. Rat costochondral chondrocytes can be divided into the resting cell zone (reserve cell zone), which contains relatively immature chondrocytes (RC cells), and the phenotypically more mature prehypertrophic and upper hypertrophic cell zones, which together may be termed the growth zone chondrocytes (GC cells). When grown separately in monolayer culture, they continue to express their zone-specific phenotype, providing a model for assessing cell-maturation-dependent expression of molecules associated with differentiation. Stathmin (also called prosolin, ...
https://scholars.uthscsa.edu/en/publications/expression-and-production-of-stathmin-in-growth-plate-chondrocyte
Deletion of Vhlh in chondrocytes reduces cell proliferation and increases matrix deposition during growth plate development. -...Deletion of Vhlh in chondrocytes reduces cell proliferation and increases matrix deposition during growth plate development. -...
The von Hippel Lindau tumor suppressor protein (pVHL) is a component of a ubiquitin ligase that promotes proteolysis of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible-factor 1alpha (HIF1alpha), the key molecule in the hypoxic response. We have used conditional inactivation of murine VHL (Vhlh) in all cartilaginous elements to investigate its role in endochondral bone development. Mice lacking Vhlh in cartilage are viable, but grow slower than control littermates and develop a severe dwarfism. Morphologically, Vhlh null growth plates display a significantly reduced chondrocyte proliferation rate, increased extracellular matrix, and presence of atypical large cells within the resting zone. Furthermore, stabilization of the transcription factor HIF1alpha leads to increased expression levels of HIF1alpha target genes in Vhlh null growth plates. Lastly, newborns lacking both Vhlh and Hif1a genes in growth plate chondrocytes display essentially the same phenotype as Hif1a null single mutant mice suggesting that
https://www.oncology.ox.ac.uk/publications/958583
A male child develops a complete closure of the proximal tibial growth plate as a result of whole bone osteomyelitis at the age...A male child develops a complete closure of the proximal tibial growth plate as a result of whole bone osteomyelitis at the age...
Question 5. (30 minutes). A 40 year old male has an uncomplicated partial discectomy for a fight sided L5/S1 disc prolapse. The surgery was undertaken in the knee chest position with a padded bar to support the buttocks. Positioning was undertaken while you were scrubbing up.. When you visit the patient in recovery one hour later he complains that he cannot move his left arm.. Examination confirms complete loss of active shoulder abduction and external rotation, elbow flexion and extension, and wrist extension. Finger flexion and extension and intrinsic function remain intact. Sensation to light touch and pin prick is diminished in a patchy fashion over the posterio lateral aspects of the left arm, forearm, and radial two digits.. Further examination also reveals a complete foot drop on the left side with numbness over the dorsum of the foot.. ...
https://nursingessaypapers.com/a-male-child-develops-a-complete-closure-of-the-proximal-tibial-growth-plate-as-a-result-of-whole-bone-osteomyelitis-at-the-age-of-six-years-at-the-age-of-eight-years-his-true-leg-length-discrepancy/
What are Growth Plates & When Do Growth Plates Close?What are Growth Plates & When Do Growth Plates Close?
The growth plate, which is also known by the name of epiphyseal plate, is an area of growing tissues along the end of the long bones in a child. The growth plate determines how the length and shape of the bone will be once the child attains puberty. Normally, the growth plate closes once the child has attained puberty. Thus for females, the normal age at which time the growth plate should close is between 12-14 years and for males it is between 14-16 years.
https://www.epainassist.com/bones/what-are-growth-plates-and-when-do-growth-plates-close
A radical switch in clonality reveals a stem cell niche in the epiphyseal growth plate.A radical switch in clonality reveals a stem cell niche in the epiphyseal growth plate.
Newton PT, Li L, Zhou B, Schweingruber C, Hovorakova M, Xie M, Sun X, Sandhow L, Artemov AV, Ivashkin E, Suter S, Dyachuk V, El Shahawy M, Gritli-Linde A, Bouderlique T, Petersen J, Mollbrink A, Lundeberg J, Enikolopov G, Qian H, Fried K, Kasper M, Hedlund E, Adameyko I, Sävendahl L, Chagin AS Nature 567 (7747) 234-238 [2019-03-00; online 2019-02-27] Longitudinal bone growth in children is sustained by growth plates, narrow discs of cartilage that provide a continuous supply of chondrocytes for endochondral ossification 1. However, it remains unknown how this supply is maintained throughout childhood growth. Chondroprogenitors in the resting zone are thought to be gradually consumed as they supply cells for longitudinal growth1,2, but this model has never been proved. Here, using clonal genetic tracing with multicolour reporters and functional perturbations, we demonstrate that longitudinal growth during the fetal and neonatal periods involves depletion of chondroprogenitors, whereas later in ...
https://publications.scilifelab.se/publication/119e2b2c180c420caed1f5ea104e8518
Role of G-proteins in the differentiation of epiphyseal chondrocytes. - Semantic ScholarRole of G-proteins in the differentiation of epiphyseal chondrocytes. - Semantic Scholar
Herein, we review the regulation of differentiation of the growth plate chondrocytes by G-proteins. In connection with this, we summarize the current knowledge regarding each family of G-protein α subunit, specifically, Gα(s), Gα(q/11), Gα(12/13), and Gα(i/o). We discuss different mechanisms involved in chondrocyte differentiation downstream of G-proteins and different G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) activating G-proteins in the epiphyseal chondrocytes. We conclude that among all G-proteins and GPCRs expressed by chondrocytes, Gα(s) has the most important role and prevents premature chondrocyte differentiation. Receptor for parathyroid hormone (PTHR1) appears to be the major activator of Gα(s) in chondrocytes and ablation of either one leads to accelerated chondrocyte differentiation, premature fusion of the postnatal growth plate, and ultimately short stature.
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Role-of-G-proteins-in-the-differentiation-of-epiph-Chagin-Kronenberg/ea2f04d0f9ac4d15ffc57364d9310e652de9d9c1
Growth Plate | Article about Growth Plate by The Free DictionaryGrowth Plate | Article about Growth Plate by The Free Dictionary
Looking for Growth Plate? Find out information about Growth Plate. The broad, articular surface on each end of a vertebral centrum. The thin layer of cartilage between the epiphysis and the shaft of a long bone. Explanation of Growth Plate
http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Growth+Plate
Fractures Involving Growth Plates - Animal Surgical Center of MichiganFractures Involving Growth Plates - Animal Surgical Center of Michigan
The growth plates are much softer than other regions of the bones, therefore are more prone to injury. Since most of the longitudinal growth of bones occurs up to eight months of age, growth plate injuries that occur after this point are not as devastating. A portion of the damaged growth plate may remain functional (open) and thus the bone and limb becomes twisted. Surgery is generally done as soon as possible after this type of injury occurs. Anatomy. ...
https://www.animalsurgicalcenter.com/conditions/fractures-involving-growth-plates/
Growth Plate Fractures - OrthoInfo - AAOSGrowth Plate Fractures - OrthoInfo - AAOS
Growth plates are areas of cartilage at the ends of the bodys long bones. Because the growth plates are the last portion of a childs bones to harden (ossify), they are particularly vulnerable to fracture.
https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/growth-plate-fractures/
Growth Plate Fractures - OrthoInfo - AAOSGrowth Plate Fractures - OrthoInfo - AAOS
Growth plates are areas of cartilage at the ends of the bodys long bones. Because the growth plates are the last portion of a childs bones to harden (ossify), they are particularly vulnerable to fracture.
https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/growth-plate-fractures
HIF-1 Regulation of Chondrocyte Apoptosis: Induction of the Autophagic by J. Bohensky, I. M. Shapiro et al.HIF-1 Regulation of Chondrocyte Apoptosis: Induction of the Autophagic by J. Bohensky, I. M. Shapiro et al.
The goal of our investigation was to explore the mechanism by which hypoxia regulates growth plate chondrocyte survival. At low O2 tension, chondrocytes were refractory to a staurosporine (i.e., apoptosis-inducing) challenge. To determine whether hypoxic survival was due to the expression of HIF-1, we evaluated the response of HIF silenced cells to staurosporine. Both, silenced cells and control chondrocytes were equally sensitive to the apoptogen challenge. To learn if resistance was mediated by the proteins of the autophagic pathway, we examined the expression of Beclin 1 and LC3. Both proteins were present in the growth plate as well as in N1511 chondrocytes. Moreover, silencing of Beclin 1 resulted in enhanced chondrocyte death. Thus, this gene served to maintain chondrocyte survival activity. Besides serving a cytoprotective role, it is known that autophagy can function in cell death. Accordingly, to ascertain if autophagy might also sensitize cells to apoptosis, we activated autophagy and examined
https://digitalcommons.pcom.edu/scholarly_papers/1555/
Regulation of Rapid Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-5 Phosphorylation in the Resting Cells of the Growth Plate...Regulation of Rapid Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-5 Phosphorylation in the Resting Cells of the Growth Plate...
GH has physiological functions in many tissues, but the cellular targets for direct effects of GH remain ill defined in complex tissues such as the growth plate in which the contribution of direct vs. indirect actions of GH remains controversial. The Janus kinase (Jak)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-5 pathway is activated by GH, so we developed a method to visualize nuclear Stat5b and phosphorylated Stat5 in single cells in response to a pulse of GH. Hep2 cells did not show a Stat5 phosphorylation (pY-Stat5) response to GH except in cells transfected to express GH receptors. ATDC5 cells express GH receptors and showed GH-induced pY-Stat5 responses, which varied with their state of chondrocyte differentiation. In vivo, Stat5b+ve nuclei were seen in the resting and prehypertrophic chondrocytes of the growth plate. After a single ip pulse of human GH or mouse GH, but not prolactin, pY-Stat5 responses were visible in cells in the resting zone and groove of Ranvier, 10-45 min ...
https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:180356
Growth Plates (for Parents) - Childrens Health System - AlabamaGrowth Plates (for Parents) - Childrens Health System - Alabama
Growth plates are the areas of new bone growth, usually near the ends of long bones. A growth plate is weaker than solid bone. This makes it more likely to get injured.
https://kidshealth.org/ChildrensAlabama/en/parents/growth-plates.html?WT.ac=ctg
TGFβ as a gatekeeper of BMP action in the developing growth plate.TGFβ as a gatekeeper of BMP action in the developing growth plate.
Author(s): Wang, Weiguang; Rigueur, Diana; Lyons, Karen M | Abstract: The ligands that comprise the Transforming Growth Factor β superfamily highly govern the development of the embryonic growth plate. Members of this superfamily activate canonical TGFβ and/or BMP (Bone Morphogenetic Protein) signaling pathways. How these pathways interact with one another is an area of active investigation. These two signaling pathways have been described to negatively regulate one another through crosstalk involving Smad proteins, the primary intracellular effectors of canonical signaling. More recently, a mechanism for regulation of the BMP pathway through TGFβ and BMP receptor interactions has been described. Here in this review, we demonstrate examples of how TGFβ is a gatekeeper of BMP action in the developing growth plate at both the receptor and transcriptional levels.
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/76j2g16z
Histone deacetylase 3 supports endochondral bone formation by controlling cytokine signaling and matrix remodeling | Science...Histone deacetylase 3 supports endochondral bone formation by controlling cytokine signaling and matrix remodeling | Science...
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are efficacious epigenetic-based therapies for some cancers and neurological disorders; however, each of these drugs inhibits multiple HDACs and has detrimental effects on the skeleton. To better understand how HDAC inhibitors affect endochondral bone formation, we conditionally deleted one of their targets, Hdac3, pre- and postnatally in type II collagen α1 (Col2α1)-expressing chondrocytes. Embryonic deletion was lethal, but postnatal deletion of Hdac3 delayed secondary ossification center formation, altered maturation of growth plate chondrocytes, and increased osteoclast activity in the primary spongiosa. HDAC3-deficient chondrocytes exhibited increased expression of cytokine and matrix-degrading genes (Il-6, Mmp3, Mmp13, and Saa3) and a reduced abundance of genes related to extracellular matrix production, bone development, and ossification (Acan, Col2a1, Ihh, and Col10a1). Histone acetylation increased at and near genes that had increased expression. ...
https://stke.sciencemag.org/content/9/440/ra79.abstract
Search | NIAMSSearch | NIAMS
What are growth plate injuries? The growth plate is the area of tissue near the ends of long bones in children and teens that determines what length and shape the bone will be once it is done growing. Each long bone- the thigh bone, the bones in the forearm, and the bones in the hands and fingers-has at least two growth plates, one at each end. Once your child has finished growing, the growth plates close and are replaced by solid bone. The growth plates are weak areas of your childs growing skeleton, making it easier to injure them. ...
https://www.niams.nih.gov/search?search=What%20is%20Raynaud%E2%80%99s%20Phenomenon%3F&type=All&media=All&f%5B0%5D=diseases_and_conditions%3A199&f%5B1%5D=diseases_and_conditions%3A201&f%5B2%5D=diseases_and_conditions%3A212&f%5B3%5D=diseases_and_conditions%3A288&f%5B4%5D=diseases_and_conditions%3A291&f%5B5%5D=diseases_and_conditions%3A310
Search | NIAMSSearch | NIAMS
What are growth plate injuries? The growth plate is the area of tissue near the ends of long bones in children and teens that determines what length and shape the bone will be once it is done growing. Each long bone- the thigh bone, the bones in the forearm, and the bones in the hands and fingers-has at least two growth plates, one at each end. Once your child has finished growing, the growth plates close and are replaced by solid bone. The growth plates are weak areas of your childs growing skeleton, making it easier to injure them. ...
https://www.niams.nih.gov/search?search=What%20is%20Raynaud%E2%80%99s%20Phenomenon%3F&type=All&media=All&f%5B0%5D=audience%3A50&f%5B1%5D=diseases_and_conditions%3A199&f%5B2%5D=diseases_and_conditions%3A215&f%5B3%5D=diseases_and_conditions%3A216&f%5B4%5D=diseases_and_conditions%3A248&f%5B5%5D=diseases_and_conditions%3A289&f%5B6%5D=language%3Aen
Expression of the Ellis-van Creveld (Evc) gene in the rat tibial growth plate<...Expression of the Ellis-van Creveld (Evc) gene in the rat tibial growth plate<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Expression of the Ellis-van Creveld (Evc) gene in the rat tibial growth plate. AU - Tsuji, Takehito. AU - Nakamura, Hiroaki. AU - Hirata, Azumi. AU - Yamamoto, Toshio. PY - 2004/8. Y1 - 2004/8. N2 - Ellis-van Creveld (EvC) syndrome is an autosomal recessive chondrodysplasia characterized by short limbs, postaxial polydactyly, natal teeth, and dysplastic nails. The Ellis-van Creveld (EVC) gene, which is mutated in patients with EvC syndrome, has been identified by positional cloning. However, the physiological roles of the EVC gene have not been elucidated. Histopathological analyses of EvC syndrome have shown disturbed chondrocytic phenotypes during cartilage development. We therefore postulated that the EVC gene is a critical factor for chondrocytes during endochondral ossification. The present study focuses on the relationship between the Evc gene and chondrocytes, and examines Evc gene expression in the rat tibial growth plate at the mRNA and protein levels. Evc mRNA in tibial ...
https://okayama.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/expression-of-the-ellis-van-creveld-evc-gene-in-the-rat-tibial-gr
Calcium deficiency rickets: extending the spectrum of nutritional rickets | Archives of Disease in ChildhoodCalcium deficiency rickets: extending the spectrum of nutritional rickets | Archives of Disease in Childhood
Rickets is a condition of growing children in which there is failure of normal mineralisation of the epiphyseal growth plate. Normal growth plate development is dependent upon a cascade of events that consists of resting chondrocytes becoming preproliferative, proliferative, hypertrophic and finally apoptotic, which is a signal for the invasion of the growth plate by bone-forming cell precursors that replace the apoptosed cartilage cells with bone cells that mineralise the epiphyseal growth plate into true bone. Eventually, the growth plate is obliterated as the metaphyseal and epiphyseal ends of the bones fuse. It is therefore evident that rickets can only occur in growing children in whom the growth plate is still not fused.. The final step of apoptosis is promoted by phosphate which has to be present in sufficient concentration to facilitate apoptosis1. In the absence of enough phosphate, apoptosis does not proceed correctly, the growth plate widens and there is failure of normal invasion of ...
http://adc.bmj.com/content/99/9/794
A cell shrinkage artefact in growth plate chondrocytes with common fixative solutions: importance of fixative osmolarity for...A cell shrinkage artefact in growth plate chondrocytes with common fixative solutions: importance of fixative osmolarity for...
TY - JOUR. T1 - A cell shrinkage artefact in growth plate chondrocytes with common fixative solutions: importance of fixative osmolarity for maintaining morphology. AU - Loqman, M.Y.. AU - Bush, Peter. AU - Farquharson, C.. AU - Hall, A.C.. N1 - With kind permission of full reproduction from eCM journal (www.ecmjournal.org). Founded by scientists for the benefit of Science rather than profit.. PY - 2010/5. Y1 - 2010/5. KW - Shrinkage. KW - artefact. KW - osmolarity. KW - glutaraldehyde. KW - para-formaldehyde. KW - growth plate. M3 - Article. VL - 14. SP - 214. EP - 227. JO - European Cells and Materials. JF - European Cells and Materials. SN - 1473-2262. IS - 19. ER - ...
https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/publications/a-cell-shrinkage-artefact-in-growth-plate-chondrocytes-with-commo
The Quest for Height: Grow Taller | Increase Height | Bone Size: Inhibiting growth plate ossification without inhibiting growthThe Quest for Height: Grow Taller | Increase Height | Bone Size: Inhibiting growth plate ossification without inhibiting growth
Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a metabolic cartilage disease of young poultry in which endochondral bone formation is disrupted leading to the retention of a non-calcified, avascular plug of cartilage in the tibial growth plate. Chicks aged 7 days were fed either a control diet or one containing thiram 100 ppm for 48 h to induce TD. Cell multiplication in the growth plate was determined thereafter with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labelling, and metabolic changes by measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and glutathione (GSH) activities. The effect on chondrocyte maturation was examined. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) and DNA fragmentation were used to determine the effects of thiram on cell survival. Thiram-induced TD was not due to the multiplication of cells in the post-proliferative zones. Thiram did not affect ALP activity, which would have indicated a loss of calcification potential, but it reduced both ...
http://www.heightquest.com/2013/06/inhibiting-growth-plate-ossification.html
The Quest for Height: Grow Taller | Increase Height | Bone Size: Cure Dwarfism with Alkaline Phosphatase ResearchThe Quest for Height: Grow Taller | Increase Height | Bone Size: Cure Dwarfism with Alkaline Phosphatase Research
Extracellular inorganic phosphate (P(i)) concentrations are the highest in the growth plate just before the onset of mineralization. P(i) not only is required for hydroxyapatite mineral formation but also modulates terminal differentiation and apoptosis of growth plate chondrocytes. Extracellular P(i) stimulated terminal differentiation marker gene expression, including the progressive ankylosis gene (ank), alkaline phosphatase (APase), matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), osteocalcin, and runx2, mineralization, and apoptosis of growth plate chondrocytes. The stimulatory effect of extracellular P(i) on terminal differentiation and apoptosis events of growth plate chondrocytes was dependent on the concentration, the expression levels of type III Na(+)/P(i) cotransporters, and ultimately P(i) uptake. A high extracellular P(i) concentration was required for the stimulation of apoptosis, whereas lower P(i) concentrations were required for the most effective stimulation of terminal differentiation ...
http://www.heightquest.com/2010/10/cure-dwarfism-with-alkaline-phosphatase.html
Editing Wikipedia Articles On Epiphyseal Growth Plates And Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound - Natural Height GrowthEditing Wikipedia Articles On Epiphyseal Growth Plates And Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound - Natural Height Growth
I was reading an article today about how a person was able to edit Wikipedia articles to help with his online niche websites and I wanted to try to test this idea.. I have been using Wikipedia as a resource to do research since I was in college and it has been amazingly helpful and useful. It seems that anyone in the world can edit the Wikipedia articles as long as they are really being helpful and trying to create a better resource.. So I created my own Wikipedia account under the username Height_Analyst and did a slight edit on the articles for Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound and Epiphyseal Plate. Right after the sentence where it states that Dr. Chen of the University of Alberta thinks that LIPUS can possibly lead to grow taller by stimulating bone growth I added the sentence However it has not been shown to be able to help in bone longitudinal growth when combined with bioengineered cartilage pellets for growth plate induced fractures. I referenced this study from a university in Hong ...
http://www.naturalheightgrowth.com/2013/06/28/editing-wikipedia-articles-on-epiphyseal-growth-plates-and-low-intensity-pulsed-ultrasound/
Hypertrophic chondrocytes contained the highest numerical abundance of peroxisomes compared to proliferative chondrocytes as...Hypertrophic chondrocytes contained the highest numerical abundance of peroxisomes compared to proliferative chondrocytes as...
Hypertrophic chondrocytes contained the highest numerical abundance of peroxisomes compared to proliferative chondrocytes as examples for endochondral ossification.
https://plos.figshare.com/articles/figure/_Hypertrophic_chondrocytes_contained_the_highest_numerical_abundance_of_peroxisomes_compared_to_proliferative_chondrocytes_as_examples_for_endochondral_ossification_/1616981
Regulation of articular chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation by indian hedgehog and parathyroid hormone-related...Regulation of articular chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation by indian hedgehog and parathyroid hormone-related...
Chondrocytes of the epiphyseal growth zone are regulated by the Indian hedgehog (IHH)-parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) axis. In weight-bearing joints, this growth zone comes to be subdivided by the secondary ossification center into distinct articular and growth cartilage structures. The purpose of this study was to explore the cells of origin, localization, regulation of expression, and putative functions of IHH and PTHrP in articular cartilage in the mouse. We assessed IHH and PTHrP expression in an allelic PTHrP-LacZ-knockin mouse and several versions of PTHrP-null mice. Selected joints were unloaded surgically to examine load-induction of PTHrP and IHH. The embryonic growth zone appears to serve as the source of PTHrP-expressing proliferative chondrocytes that populate both the forming articular cartilage and growth plate structures. In articular cartilage, these cells take the form of articular chondrocytes in the midzone. In PTHrP
https://www.scienceopen.com/document?vid=2494914a-36cf-421f-b8d3-f1ba59ae7278
Ununited Medial Humeral Condylar Ossification Centre in the Cat - VetfixUnunited Medial Humeral Condylar Ossification Centre in the Cat - Vetfix
Discussion. Pathologic conditions affecting growth plates can result in severe orthopaedic problems. This case report demonstrates traumatic displacement of an ununited medial condylar ossification centre of the distal humerus in a mature cat. The bilateral symmetry and precise location of the bone fragments suggest a failure of physeal closure of the medial aspect of the distal humeral epiphyseal growth plate with nonunion of the medial condylar ossification centre. ►Fig. 5 demonstrates the radiographic appearance of the medial condylar ossification centre in a normal 8-week-old kitten. The humeral condyle arises from two separate ossification centres. The lateral ossification centre is the first to form, and in the cat it is radiographically apparent from 2 weeks of age and themedial centre from3 weeks of age.12 Physeal closure with union of the lateral and medial condylar centres is expected by 18weeks of age.2 A failure of physeal closure and nonunion of the medial condylar ossification ...
https://www.vetfix.co.uk/journal-review/ununited-medial-humeral-condylar-ossification-centre-cat/
Foot and Ankle Problems By Dr. Richard Blake: Severs Disease: Growth Plate Injury in a Childs HeelFoot and Ankle Problems By Dr. Richard Blake: Severs Disease: Growth Plate Injury in a Childs Heel
The above photo is of the heel bone in a 12 year old boy. The heel bone is called the calcaneus and has an important growth plate at the base. Boys from 8 to 14 and Girls 7 to 13 can have pain develop in this area either from the pull of the achilles tendon, or the pull of the plantar fascia. After those ages, the growth plates fuse and there can no longer be a source of pain. With my 2 boys growing up, and playing tons of sports, both had this problem. Ice soaking (see separate post) for 20 minutes twice daily really minimizes the soreness, but you must start as soon as the soreness begins. At least they could just dip their heel into the ice water, not the entire foot. We always joked as they iced that they were now guaranteed to grow more ...
http://www.drblakeshealingsole.com/2011/11/severs-disease-growth-plate-injury-in.html?showComment=1351900215168
Chen, QianChen, Qian
Ongoing Research Support. P20GM104937 Chen (PI) 09/15/12-08/31/17. Center of Biomedical Research Excellence in Skeletal Health and Repair. The goal of this project is to establish a multi-disciplinary research center to treat cartilage joint diseases.. Role: PI. R01 AR 059142-01A1 Wei (PI) 04/01/11-01/31/16 Histone Deacetylation Regulates Growth Plate Development. The goal of this project is to understand how HDAC4 regulates growth plate development by CaMKIV, P38 MAPK, and miR-1.. Role: Co-Investigator. R01CA166089-01A1 Terek (PI) 09/25/13-07/31/18. Targeting CXCR4 and microRNA as Therapy. The goal of this project is to develop therapy to treat chondrosarcoma.. Role: Co-Investigator. R01AR066746-01A1 Yang (PI) 09/01/15-08/30/20. The goal of this project is to study how the property of cartilage stem cells is regulated by the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 under physiological and pathological conditions. Role: Co-Investigator. Completed Research Support. Rhode Island Research Alliance ...
https://vivo.brown.edu/display/qchen3
Reactive oxygen species induce chondrocyte hypertrophy in endochondral ossification | JEMReactive oxygen species induce chondrocyte hypertrophy in endochondral ossification | JEM
Chondrogenesis occurs via three steps: (a) commitment to chondrocyte differentiation by mesenchymal cells, seen as mesenchymal condensation; (b) chondrocyte proliferation in the growth plate to facilitate longitudinal development; and (c) differentiation of proliferating chondrocytes to hypertrophic chondrocytes (for review see references 1, 2). During endochondral ossification, chondrocyte hypertrophy is critical, because cells alter the extracellular matrix and induce vascular invasion. Extrinsic factors such as bone morphogenetic proteins, Indian hedgehog, and modulators such as Sox9, Runx2, Smads, and histone deacetylase 4 are reportedly essential for chondrogenesis (1, 2). Loss of histone deacetylase 4 causes early onset of hypertrophy, followed by growth retardation (6). Overexpression of Runx2 under the control of a type II collagen promoter/enhancer induces dwarfism because of precocious endochondral ossification and accelerated chondrocyte differentiation (4, 5). Thus, regulation of ...
http://jem.rupress.org/content/204/7/1613
Am I Able To Take Care Of Calcaneal Apophysitis In The Home? - austillAm I Able To Take Care Of Calcaneal Apophysitis In The Home? - austill
Treatment revolves around decreasing activity. Usual treatment has been putting children in a boot in slight equinus, or a cast with the foot in slight equinus, thereby decreasing the tension on the heel cord, which in turn pulls on the growth plate at the heel. As the pain resolves, children are allowed to go back to full activities. Complete resolution may be delayed until growth of the foot is complete (when the growth plate fuses to the rest of the bone of the heel). A soft cushioning heel raise is really important (this reduces the pull from the calf muscles on the growth plate and increases the shock absorption, so the growth plate is not knocked around as much). The use of an ice pack after activity for 20mins is often useful for calcaneal apophysitis, this should be repeated 2 to 3 times a day. As a pronated foot is common in children with this problem, a discussion regarding the use of long term foot orthotics may be important. If the symptoms are bad enough and are not responding to ...
https://austill.jimdo.com/2015/05/17/am-i-able-to-take-care-of-calcaneal-apophysitis-in-the-home/
Localization of estrogen receptor-alpha in human and rabbit skeletal tissues. - Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,...Localization of estrogen receptor-alpha in human and rabbit skeletal tissues. - Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,...
Estrogen is essential for the development and maintenance of optimal bone mass in women and men, and acts through activation of estrogen receptors (ER). We have examined the pathways of estrogen action on the skeleton by seeking to localize the classical estrogen receptor, ER alpha, to particular cells to test the hypotheses that 1) estrogen directly influences growth plate chondrocytes; and 2) estrogen has a principal action on bone tissue via osteoblasts. ER alpha messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) was localized by in situ hybridization in human specimens from five males (11-15 yr old), two females (9 and 11 yr old), and three growing rabbits. In all of the human material examined, ER alpha mRNA was consistently identified in chondrocytes. In all of the rabbit tissue studied, ER alpha mRNA was localized in chondrocytes of the growth plate and the subarticular epiphyseal growth center. ER alpha mRNA signals were readily observed in both active osteoblasts and lining cells on trabecular surfaces of all
https://www.ndorms.ox.ac.uk/publications/108319
A dynamic cell adhesion surface regulates tissue architecture in growth plate cartilage | Journal of Cell ScienceA dynamic cell adhesion surface regulates tissue architecture in growth plate cartilage | Journal of Cell Science
Marian Blanca Ramírez from the CSIC in Spain has been studying the effects of LRRK2, a protein associated with Parkinsons disease, on cell motility. A Travelling Fellowship from Journal of Cell Science allowed her to spend time in Prof Maddy Parsons lab at Kings College London, learning new cell migration assays and analysing fibroblasts cultured from individuals with Parkinsons. Read more on her story here. Where could your research take you? The deadline to apply for the current round of Travelling Fellowships is 23rd Feburary 2018. Apply now!. ...
http://jcs.biologists.org/content/127/11/e1.1
Growth plate extracellular matrix-derived scaffolds for large bone def by G M. Cunniffe, P J. Díaz-Payno et al.Growth plate extracellular matrix-derived scaffolds for large bone def by G M. Cunniffe, P J. Díaz-Payno et al.
Limitations associated with demineralised bone matrix and other grafting materials have motivated the development of alternative strategies to enhance the repair of large bone defects. The growth plate (GP) of developing limbs contain a plethora of growth factors and matrix cues which contribute to long bone growth, suggesting that biomaterials derived from its extracellular matrix (ECM) may be uniquely suited to promoting bone regeneration. The goal of this study was to generate porous scaffolds from decellularised GP ECM and to evaluate their ability to enhance host mediated bone regeneration following their implantation into critically-sized rat cranial defects. The scaffolds were first assessed by culturing with primary human macrophages, which demonstrated that decellularisation resulted in reduced IL-1β and IL-8 production. In vitro, GP derived scaffolds were found capable of supporting osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells via either an intramembranous or an endochondral pathway, demonstrating
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/anatart/98/
PlayBall.org: Health & Safety: Basic Arm Care: InjuriesPlayBall.org: Health & Safety: Basic Arm Care: Injuries
Medial Epicondyle Apophyseal Injuries: The growth plate in the bone on the inside aspect of the elbow (that is, the part of the elbow near the hip when your arm is by your side) can be a significant source of pain in the baseball thrower. The growth plate injury may involve isolated pain with no fracture (epiphysiolysis) or fracture with or without displacement.. Epiphysiolysis (i.e., Youth Throwing Elbow Syndrome): When the arm is overworked and/or over-stressed, the growth plate may become painful. This pain can be a warning sign for possible future fracture. In this situation, non-surgical treatment with rest from throwing and a guided physical therapy plan can be critical in preventing more significant injury and allow for eventual return to play.. Medial Epicondyle Avulsion Fracture: When the growth plate is overworked or overstressed, the growth plate may eventually fracture. Depending upon the displacement of the fracture, non-surgical or surgical treatment will be required.. Ulnar ...
http://web.usabaseball.com/playball/health-and-safety/basic-armcare/injuries/
Nitric oxide-nitric oxide synthase regulates key maturational events during chondrocyte terminal differentiation<...Nitric oxide-nitric oxide synthase regulates key maturational events during chondrocyte terminal differentiation<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Nitric oxide-nitric oxide synthase regulates key maturational events during chondrocyte terminal differentiation. AU - Teixeira, Cristina C.. AU - Ischiropoulos, Harry. AU - Leboy, Phoebe S.. AU - Adams, Sherrill L.. AU - Shapiro, Irving M.. PY - 2005/7. Y1 - 2005/7. N2 - The goal of this investigation was to explore the mechanism by which NOS and NO serve to regulate events linked to chondrocyte terminal differentiation. NOS isoform expression and NO adducts in chick growth cartilage were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. All NOS isoforms were expressed in chick growth plate chondrocytes with the highest levels present in the hypertrophic region. The enzymes were active since nitrosocysteine and nitrotyrosine residues were detected in regions of the epiphysis with the highest levels of NOS expression. Maturing chick sternal chondrocytes evidenced an increase in NO release and a rise in NOS protein levels. When treated with NOS inhibitors, there was a ...
https://nyuscholars.nyu.edu/en/publications/nitric-oxide-nitric-oxide-synthase-regulates-key-maturational-eve
Eusthenopteron - WikipediaEusthenopteron - Wikipedia
Anatomically, Eusthenopteron shares many unique features in common with the earliest known tetrapods. It shares a similar pattern of skull roofing bones with forms such as Ichthyostega and Acanthostega. Eusthenopteron, like other tetrapodomorph fishes, had internal nostrils, (or a choana) which are one of the defining traits of tetrapodomorphs (including tetrapods). It also had labyrinthodont teeth, characterized by infolded enamel, which characterizes all of the earliest known tetrapods as well. Like other fish-like sarcopterygians, Eusthenopteron possessed a two-part cranium, which hinged at mid-length along an intracranial joint. Eusthenopterons notoriety comes from the pattern of its fin endoskeleton, which bears a distinct humerus, ulna, and radius (in the fore-fin) and femur, tibia, and fibula (in the pelvic fin). These appendicular long bones had epiphyseal growth plates that allowed substantial longitudinal growth through endochondral ossification, as in tetrapod long bones.[4] These ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eusthenopteron
Chapter 3 - Bone, Specific DiseasesChapter 3 - Bone, Specific Diseases
2) microscopic appearance. Early microscopic lesions are those of acute inflammation in which the intertrabecular tissue of the primary spongiosa is infiltrated with large numbers of neutrophils (fig. Ic-45). Inflammation results in necrosis of osteoblast and osteoclasts lining trabeculae of the primary spongiosa, and necrosis of osteoblasts leads to failure of ossifications of mineralized cartilaginous trabeculae. Some of these mineralized cartilaginous trabeculae that are thin and elongated may fracture and cause an infraction (incomplete fracture) beneath the physeal plate (figs. Ic-46, Ic-47). Damage to the metaphyseal vessels prevents normal physeal plate cartilage resorption and leads to increased depth of the zone of mineralized hypertrophic cartilage. Inflammation of osteochondral junctions (osteochondritis) may be present despite the absence of gross or radiographic lesions. Osteomyelitis may be evident in the mandible, particularly in the dental sac, and the incisor and molar teeth may ...
http://www.cldavis.org/woodard_bone/text/3_2.htm
Growth Plate Fractures (for Parents) - Childrens Health System - Alabama (iFrame)Growth Plate Fractures (for Parents) - Childrens Health System - Alabama (iFrame)
Injuries to growth plates, which produce new bone tissue and determine the final length and shape of bones in adulthood, must be treated so that bones heal properly.
https://kidshealth.org/ChildrensAlabamaXML/en/parents/growth-plate-injuries.html
Growth Plate Fractures | Boston Childrens HospitalGrowth Plate Fractures | Boston Childrens Hospital
Learn more about Growth Plate Fractures symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments from experts at Boston Childrens, ranked best Childrens Hospital by US News.
http://evj3x.x.incapdns.net/conditions-and-treatments/conditions/g/growth-plate-fractures
Can One Treat Calcaneal Apophysitis From Home? - delisastefanikCan One Treat Calcaneal Apophysitis From Home? - delisastefanik
Although the name might sound pretty frightening, Severs disease is really a common heel injury that occurs in kids. It can be painful, but is only temporary and has no long-term effects. Severs disease, also called calcaneal apophysitis, is a painful bone disorder that results from inflammation (swelling) of the growth plate in the heel. A growth plate, also called an epiphyseal plate, is an area at the end of a developing bone where cartilage cells change over time into bone cells. As this occurs, the growth plates expand and unite, which is how bones grow. Severs disease is a common cause of heel pain in growing kids, especially those who are physically active. It usually occurs during the growth spurt of adolescence, the approximately 2-year period in early puberty when kids grow most rapidly. This growth spurt can begin any time between the ages of 8 and 13 for girls and 10 and 15 for boys. Severs disease rarely occurs in older teens because the back of the heel usually finishes growing ...
https://delisastefanik.jimdo.com/2015/05/19/can-one-treat-calcaneal-apophysitis-from-home/
Experimental microvascular growth plate transfers. Part 1 - Investigation of vascularity - Fingerprint - Macquarie...Experimental microvascular growth plate transfers. Part 1 - Investigation of vascularity - Fingerprint - Macquarie...
Dive into the research topics of Experimental microvascular growth plate transfers. Part 1 - Investigation of vascularity. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
https://researchers.mq.edu.au/en/publications/experimental-microvascular-growth-plate-transfers-part-1-investig/fingerprints/
This Non-Prescription Supplement Has Been Scientifically Proven To Make You Grow Taller Even With Closed Growth PlatesThis Non-Prescription Supplement Has Been Scientifically Proven To Make You Grow Taller Even With Closed Growth Plates
The only real non-prescription over the counter supplement pill which has been scientifically proven to increase height for people even with closed growth plates
http://www.naturalheightgrowth.com/2014/02/20/non-prescription-supplement-scientifically-proven-make-grow-taller-even-closed-growth-plates/?replytocom=137980
Why some kids are short & understanding linear growth | gutsandgrowthWhy some kids are short & understanding linear growth | gutsandgrowth
If you want to explore the biological basis for short stature, then an excellent review (YH Jee, J Bacon. J Pediatr 2016; 173: 32-7) is worthwhile. The article begins by explaining the reasons why linear growth is rapid in infancy, slows in childhood and accelerates in adolescence through a process of growth plate chondrogenesis. In addition,…
https://gutsandgrowth.wordpress.com/2016/06/15/why-some-kids-are-short/
www.drblakeshealingsole.com (Foot and Ankle Problems): August 2015www.drblakeshealingsole.com (Foot and Ankle Problems): August 2015
When I treat young ballet students, I will eventually get the question of when can pointe work begin. I must work with the advice of the dance instructor, or use one of the dance medicine instructors here at Saint Francis. The 2 criteria that our Golden Rules (unbreakable) are 3 years of experience and great biomechanical technique. The 3rd criteria is age. Typically the dancers should be 12 with growth plates closed. Some dancers are skeletally mature while still 11 (rare) and some 13 or 14 (not that uncommon). Taking x rays to see if growth plates are closed in the feet is reasonable, for making the wrong decision is very dangerous ...
http://www.drblakeshealingsole.com/2015_08_01_archive.html
Clinical Chemistry Blog Notes 07: June 2009Clinical Chemistry Blog Notes 07: June 2009
Growth hormone is secreted in pulses, with an average interpulse interval of 2-3 hours, with the most reproducible peak occurring at the onset of sleep. Complete absence of GH slows the rate of growth to only one third to one half of normal. Abnormally elevated levels lead to gigantism. In the adult patient with GH excess, no effects are seen in the long bones after the epiphyseal growth plates have fused. Instead, GH excess gradually produces acromegaly, a coarse thickening of the bones of the skull, hands and feet over the course of years to decades ...
http://kimandrew07.blogspot.com/2009/06/
musculoskeletal | Classifications, online calculators, and tables in radiologymusculoskeletal | Classifications, online calculators, and tables in radiology
Epiphyseal fractures are fractures that involve the epiphyseal growth plate in children and teenagers. Classificaton by Salter and Harris that was published in 1963 divides them into five types. It is a modification of previous classifications by Poland (1898) and Aitken (1936). Later, several other rare types of epiphyseal fractures were appended by other authors. Epiphyseal fractures may result in growth disturbances. A mnemonic SALTR can aid in memorizing the types for the purporses of examination.. ...
http://radclass.mudr.org/category/tags/musculoskeletal?page=4
New to bracing, and its not going well :(New to bracing, and its not going well :(
Im sorry if this thread is redundant, but theres so much info here that I cant zero in on my same situation. My daughter has an S curve, with the worst part being 33 degrees. She is 12 1/2 and her growth plates are still at 0. We just picked up her hard-shell brace Tuesday (I dont even know the proper term, but it comes up high under one arm, just under the chest, down to the hip bones, and has 3 velcro straps in the back). The appointment where she tried it on seemed to go okay (and
https://www.scoliosis.org/forum/showthread.php?12128-New-to-bracing-and-it-s-not-going-well-
Publication : USDA ARSPublication : USDA ARS
Citation: N/A Interpretive Summary: Technical Abstract: The effect of continuous vs pulsatile cGH administration on tissue IGF-1 protein and IGF-1 mRNA levels were examined in 8 wk old meat-type chickens. Birds were infused via infusion pumps with either cGH or saline. In both regimes the birds received 123 ug/kg bwt/day. IGF-1 protein concentration (pg/mg protein) were determined by RIA and the relative levels of IGF-1 mRNA by a solution hybridization nuclease protection assay in liver, kidney, spleen, heart, muscle (gastrocnemius and pectoralis major) and growth plate cartilage. Continuous infusion elicited a two fold increase in IGF-1 concentrations in the kidney, while all other tissue concentrations were not altered. Pulsatile infusion caused a two-fold increase in IGF-1 concentrations in the liver, gastrocnemius and pectoralis muscles. IGF-1 levels in other tissues surveyed remained unchanged. With continuous infusion there was a 2-fold increase in the levels of IGF-1 mRNA in the liver and ...
https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=31503
Pfizer) - Anabolic Agents, Hormone replacementPfizer) - Anabolic Agents, Hormone replacement
Used in the treatment of dwarfism and growth failure, growth hormone (hGH) stimulates skeletal growth in pediatric patients with growth failure due to a lack of adequate secretion of endogenous GH. Skeletal growth is accomplished at the epiphyseal plates at the ends of a growing bone. Growth and metabolism of epiphyseal plate cells are directly stimulated by GH and one of its mediators, IGF-I (insulin-like growth factor ...
http://pharmacycode.com/Pfizer%29.html
Protropin (Genentech Inc.) - Anabolic Agents, Hormone replacementProtropin (Genentech Inc.) - Anabolic Agents, Hormone replacement
Used in the treatment of dwarfism and growth failure, growth hormone (hGH) stimulates skeletal growth in pediatric patients with growth failure due to a lack of adequate secretion of endogenous GH. Skeletal growth is accomplished at the epiphyseal plates at the ends of a growing bone. Growth and metabolism of epiphyseal plate cells are directly stimulated by GH and one of its mediators, IGF-I (insulin-like growth factor ...
http://pharmacycode.com/Protropin_%28Genentech_Inc.%29.html
Plus itPlus it
To test the hypothesis that Lmx1 genes have overlapping functions in the development of the hindbrain roof plate, we compared the embryonic roof plate phenotypes of Lmx1a−/−, Lmx1b−/−, and Lmx1a−/−; Lmx1b−/− mice. We showed that roof plate development is largely normal in Lmx1b−/− mutants, indicating no unique role for Lmx1b in hindbrain roof plate development. However, we observed complete deletion of the hindbrain roof plate in Lmx1a−/−; Lmx1b−/− double-null mutants. This conclusion is based not only on loss of all roof plate markers in double-null embryos, but also our demonstration that there is complete loss of roof plate function in these embryos. No induction of Math1, a marker of rhombic lip, occurs. Our data therefore provides genetic proof that Lmx1b function is overlapping to Lmx1a in roof plate development.. Lmx1b is expressed in the IsO, where it is required to maintain the IsO, an important anterior-posterior signaling center at the mid/hindbrain ...
https://www.jneurosci.org/content/29/36/11377
Severs Disease in New Jersey | Proactive Foot and Ankle AssociatesSevers Disease in New Jersey | Proactive Foot and Ankle Associates
Severs Disease - Severs disease is the swelling and irritation of the growth plate in the heel. The growth plate is a layer of cartilage where most of the bone growth
https://www.proactivefootankle.com/severs-disease
Like My Testicle Dessert Plate? Created Using Real Human Tissues, These Bone China Histology Dessert Plates Are Availabl... - ...Like My Testicle Dessert Plate? Created Using Real Human Tissues, These Bone China Histology Dessert Plates Are Availabl... - ...
Like my testicle dessert plate? Created using real human tissues, these bone china histology dessert plates are available in 4 different human tissue designs: Testicle, Liver, Thyroid, and Esophagus. nice! #51571 problem! ...
http://www.notcot.org/post/51571/Like-my-testicle-dessert-plate-Created-using-real-human/
Angular limb deformity | OrthoVetSuperSiteAngular limb deformity | OrthoVetSuperSite
Introduction: Angular deformity in the growing skeleton of animals, especially in the radius and ulna, is occasionally seen in clinical practice. The mechanism of spontaneous correction of these angular deformities however remains to be elucidated. The purpose of our experiment was to explore the ability of a growth plate to correct an induced valgus deformity, and to study the mechanism of correction. Methods: Before beginning the study, valgus deformity of the distal radius had been induced in lambs by the application of a device that causes asymmetrical compression of the growth plate. ...
https://orthovet.org/large-animal/angular-limb-deformity
Angular limb deformity | OrthoVetSuperSiteAngular limb deformity | OrthoVetSuperSite
Introduction: Angular deformity in the growing skeleton of animals, especially in the radius and ulna, is occasionally seen in clinical practice. The mechanism of spontaneous correction of these angular deformities however remains to be elucidated. The purpose of our experiment was to explore the ability of a growth plate to correct an induced valgus deformity, and to study the mechanism of correction. Methods: Before beginning the study, valgus deformity of the distal radius had been induced in lambs by the application of a device that causes asymmetrical compression of the growth plate. ...
https://orthovetsupersite.com/large-animal/angular-limb-deformity
Bone, Growth Plate and Mineral Metabolism | 0092 | ESPE2019 | 58th Annual ESPE meeting | ESPE AbstractsBone, Growth Plate and Mineral Metabolism | 0092 | ESPE2019 | 58th Annual ESPE meeting | ESPE Abstracts
The theme of this years meeting is Variety and Variation in Paediatric Endocrinology. Join us in Vienna to explore the diversity we encounter in our discipline and the care that we have to exercise when using the term normality. Whilst gaining an update on the latest treatments, clinical best practice and cutting edge research in the field of paediatric endocrinology ...
https://abstracts.eurospe.org/hrp/0092/abstracts/poster-category-3/bone-growth-plate-and-mineral-metabolism/
ePrint Order Form | Bentham ScienceePrint Order Form | Bentham Science
Article Title : Double-Edged Sword of Novel Anti-Cancer Treatment: Proteasome Inhibition in the Growth Plate Causes Impairment of Longitudinal Bone ...
https://www.eurekaselect.com/eprint_order/N3x8mNHx88OD5g2NyDUTcVYf
Dispersion in Chromatography Columns - Effect of Mobile Phase Compressibility On the HETP Equation for a Packed GC Column |...Dispersion in Chromatography Columns - Effect of Mobile Phase Compressibility On the HETP Equation for a Packed GC Column |...
The resistance to the mass transfer term for the stationary phase must be considered in isolation. The experimentally observed plate height (variance per unit length) resulting from a particular dispersion process [e.g., (hs), the resistance to mass transfer in the stationary phase] will be the sum of the local plate height contributions (h); i.e.,. ...
http://chromatography-online.org/Compressibility-Effects-GC/rs_9_39.php
LB Agar Plate, Amp/Kan, - Growth Factors, Growth Hormones, Purified Proteins, Dominant Negative Clones, Constitutively Active...LB Agar Plate, Amp/Kan, - Growth Factors, Growth Hormones, Purified Proteins, Dominant Negative Clones, Constitutively Active...
LB(Luria-Bertani Medium) plates contain 1% Trypton, 0.5% yeast extract, 1.0% NaCl and 1.5% agar with a final pH of 7.0 unless otherwise specified. All plates are made of the highest quality ingredients available and tested for solubility, clarity, color, pH and the growth or inability to grow of appropriate recombinant strains of E. coli to demonstrate the efficacy of the antibiotics and indicator dyes. The plates are dated and guaranteed for 8 weeks from the date of shipment although many antibiotic plates can be stored at 4oC for longer. ...
https://lifeome.com/lb-agar-plate-ampkan-p-115.html
LB Agar Plate, Amp/Tet, - Growth Factors, Growth Hormones, Purified Proteins, Dominant Negative Clones, Constitutively Active...LB Agar Plate, Amp/Tet, - Growth Factors, Growth Hormones, Purified Proteins, Dominant Negative Clones, Constitutively Active...
LB(Luria-Bertani Medium) plates contain 1% Trypton, 0.5% yeast extract, 1.0% NaCl and 1.5% agar with a final pH of 7.0 unless otherwise specified. All plates are made of the highest quality ingredients available and tested for solubility, clarity, color, pH and the growth or inability to grow of appropriate recombinant strains of E. coli to demonstrate the efficacy of the antibiotics and indicator dyes. The plates are dated and guaranteed for 8 weeks from the date of shipment although many antibiotic plates can be stored at 4oC for longer. ...
https://lifeome.com/lb-agar-plate-amptet-p-117.html
Neural Network Based License Plate Recognition System - IEEE Conference PublicationNeural Network Based License Plate Recognition System - IEEE Conference Publication
The first aim of our methods developed in our structure is, to detect license plate zone from image of vehicle which has standard license plate. Second ste
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4371448/authors?reload=true
aluminum thin plates shishaaluminum thin plates shisha
2009-4-2 · Plates might be classified as very thin if Łt > 100, moderately thin if 20 < Łt < 100, thick if 3 < Łt < 20, and very thick if Łt < 3. The classical theory of plates is applicable to very thin and moderately thin plates, while higher order theories for thick plates are useful. For the very thick plates, however, it becomes more ... ...
https://b2b-content.pl/08/27+24452.html
Child bone fractureChild bone fracture
Growth plates are the areas in bones where the bones grow. In children the growth plates are open, which helps to manage a ... Most growth plate fractures heal without any lasting effects. Rarely, bridging bone may form across growth plates, causing ... A growth plate fracture may also stimulate growth, causing a longer bone than the corresponding bone on the other side. ... "Growth Plate Fractures". orthoinfo.aaos.org, by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Retrieved 2018-02-05. Last ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_bone_fracture
Fire coralFire coral
... plate, and encrusting. Branching adopts a calcareous structure which branches off, to rounded, finger-like tips. Plate growth ... In encrusting growth, the fire coral forms on the calcareous structure of other coral or gorgonian structures.[1] ... They appear in small brush-like growths on rocks and coral. Divers often mistake fire coral for seaweed, and accidental contact ... Fire coral has several common growth forms; these include branching, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_coral
Sp7 transcription factorSp7 transcription factor
Kronenberg HM (May 2003). "Developmental regulation of the growth plate". Nature. 423 (6937): 332-6. doi:10.1038/nature01657. ... highly irregular cartilage accumulation beneath the growth plate and defects in osteocyte maturation and functionality. Other ... Generally this disease is caused by mutations in Col1a1 or Col1a2 which are regulators of collagen growth. OI-causing mutations ... Disregulation of the TNF pathway blocking appropriate bone growth by osteoblasts is a partial cause of the abnormal degradation ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sp7_transcription_factor
Collagen receptorCollagen receptor
Involved in growth plate morphogenesis and function. Integrin α11β1 is expressed by mesenchymal cells in some parts of embryo ... Functions include: Chondrocyte proliferation and bone growth; regulation of cell proliferation, cell adhesion and induction of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen_receptor
Osgood-Schlatter diseaseOsgood-Schlatter disease
The underlying mechanism is repeated tension on the growth plate of the upper tibia.[3] It also occurs frequently in male pole ... The underlying mechanism is repeated tension on the growth plate of the upper tibia.[3] Diagnosis is typically based on the ... Typically symptoms resolve as the growth plate closes.[19] Physiotherapy is generally recommended once the initial symptoms ... Following an adolescent growth spurt, repeated stress from contraction of the quadriceps is transmitted through the patellar ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osgood–Schlatter_disease
RicketsRickets
The underlying mechanism involves insufficient calcification of the growth plate. Diagnosis is generally based on blood tests ... These changes are seen predominantly at sites of rapid growth, including the proximal humerus, distal radius, distal femur and ... Symptoms include bowed legs, stunted growth, bone pain, large forehead, and trouble sleeping. Complications may include bone ... Cupping, fraying, and splaying of metaphyses typically appears with growth and continued weight bearing. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rickets
ChondroblastomaChondroblastoma
In patients who are near the end of skeletal growth, complete curettage of the growth plate is an option. In addition to ... because of the spatial relationship of chondroblastoma with the growth plate and its typical occurrence before growth plate ... "Expression of cartilage growth plate signalling molecules in Chondroblastoma." Journal of Pathology 202 (2004): 113-120. Web. 6 ... important for development of the epiphyseal growth plate, are active in chondroblastoma leading to greater proliferation among ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chondroblastoma
Slipped capital femoral epiphysisSlipped capital femoral epiphysis
Stress around the hip causes a shear force to be applied at the growth plate. While trauma has a role in the manifestation of ... Abnormal movement along the growth plate results in the slip. The term slipped capital femoral epiphysis is actually a misnomer ... is a medical term referring to a fracture through the growth plate (physis), which results in slippage of the overlying end of ... The almost exclusive incidence of SCFE during the adolescent growth spurt indicates a hormonal role. Obesity is another key ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slipped_capital_femoral_epiphysis
OSBPL8OSBPL8
Pritchett JW (Mar 1992). "Longitudinal growth and growth-plate activity in the lower extremity". Clin Orthop Relat Res (275): ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSBPL8
Paracrine signalingParacrine signaling
Rib and limb bone growth plate cells are not transcribed. Thus, the inability of the rib cage to expand prevents the newborn's ... Ligands that bind to RTKs include fibroblast growth factors, epidermal growth factors, platelet-derived growth factors, and ... Growth and differentiation factors (GDFs) Growth factor and clotting factors are paracrine signaling agents. The local action ... Paracrine signaling of growth factors between nearby cells has been shown to exacerbate carcinogenesis. In fact, mutant forms ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paracrine_signaling
Bat wing developmentBat wing development
De Luca F, Barnes KM, Uyeda JA, De-Levi S, Abad V, Palese T, Mericq V, Baron J (2001). "Regulation of growth plate ... Eswarakumar V, Lax I, Schlessinger J (2005). "Cellular signaling by fibroblast growth factor receptors". Cytokine & Growth ... In mice, one gene known to regulate limb growth is prx1, which encodes a transcription factor. The expression patterns of prx1 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bat_wing_development
Growth mediumGrowth medium
An agar plate - an example of a bacterial growth medium*: Specifically, it is a streak plate; the orange lines and dots are ... A growth medium or culture medium is a solid, liquid or semi-solid designed to support the growth of microorganisms or cells,[1 ... The most common growth media for microorganisms are nutrient broths and agar plates; specialized media are sometimes required ... A good example of a growth medium is the wort used to make beer. The wort contains all the nutrients required for yeast growth ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective_medium
Lipid bilayerLipid bilayer
Anderson HC, Garimella R, Tague SE (January 2005). "The role of matrix vesicles in growth plate development and ... whereas PS in growth plate vesicles is necessary for the nucleation of hydroxyapatite crystals and subsequent bone ... Matching the in vivo unstirred water layer thickness by individual-well stirring in microtitre plates". European Journal of ... which can act as the local defect point to nucleate stalk growth between two bilayers. Lipid bilayers can be created ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_bilayer
Streaking (microbiology)Streaking (microbiology)
The plate should show the heaviest growth in the first section. The second section will have less growth and a few isolated ... The bacteria growth can be supported by this media greatly due in part to the high amounts of nutrients. Choice of which growth ... of the plate has been covered. The loop then is re-sterilized and the plate is turned 90 degrees. Starting in the previously ... Samples can then be taken from the resulting colonies and a microbiological culture can be grown on a new plate so that the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streaking_(microbiology)
Endochondral ossificationEndochondral ossification
Growth continues until the individual is about 20 years old or until the cartilage in the plate is replaced by bone. The point ... This is called interstitial growth. The process of appositional growth occurs when the cartilage model also grows in thickness ... Masson Goldner trichrome stain of growth plate in a rabbit tibia. Section of fetal bone of cat. ir. Irruption of the ... The growth in diameter of bones around the diaphysis occurs by deposition of bone beneath the periosteum. Osteoclasts in the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endochondral_ossification
Heterophragma sulfureumHeterophragma sulfureum
In Heterophragma sulfureum the following traits are present: diffuse solitary vessels; parenchyma marking growth rings; simple ... perforation plates; scanty paratracheal axial parenchyma; parenchyma are 3-4 cells per strand, 2-4-seriate short rays (. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterophragma_sulfureum
Ulnar nerve entrapmentUlnar nerve entrapment
Elbow: fractures, growth plate injuries, cubital tunnel syndrome, flexorpronator aponeurosis, arcade of Struthers[6] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubital_tunnel_syndrome
Physiology of dinosaursPhysiology of dinosaurs
"Growth and function of Stegosaurus plates: evidence from bone histology". Paleobiology. Paleontological Society. 12 (4): 459- ... But growth rings are found in polar bears and in mammals that hibernate. The relationship between LAGs and seasonal growth ... One common interpretation of the plates on stegosaurs' backs is as heat exchangers for thermoregulation, as the plates are ... "teenage growth spurt": ½ ton at age 10 very rapid growth to around 2 tons in the mid-teens (about ½ ton per year). negligible ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physiology_of_dinosaurs
PerlecanPerlecan
... binds to growth factors involved in growth plate development. Perlecan isolated from developing growth plates has been ... Perlecan in the growth plate of mouse long bones shows glycosylation changes in the chondrocyte progression from the resting ... Smith SM, West LA, Govindraj P, Zhang X, Ornitz DM, Hassell JR (April 2007). "Heparan and chondroitin sulfate on growth plate ... Smith SM, West LA, Hassell JR (December 2007). "The core protein of growth plate perlecan binds FGF-18 and alters its mitogenic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perlecan
Chihuahua (dog)Chihuahua (dog)
... causing the growth plate to close early. The ulna growth plate usually continues to grow, making the limb appear rotated. ... a condition that usually results from trauma to the distal radial growth plate during formative years, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chihuahua_(dog)
Broth microdilutionBroth microdilution
Following the allotted time, the plate is removed and checked for bacterial growth. If the broth became cloudy or a layer of ... Varying concentrations of the antibiotics and the bacteria to be tested are then added to the plate. The plate is then placed ... Other advantages include the commercial availability of plates, the ease of testing and storing the plates, and the ability for ... During testing, multiple microtiter plates are filled with a broth composed of Brucella and supplements of blood. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broth_microdilution
Gabby DouglasGabby Douglas
In 2009, Douglas suffered a fracture in the growth plate of her wrist. Due to this injury, she was not able to compete and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabby_Douglas
Anatomical terms of boneAnatomical terms of bone
epi- + physis, "on top of the growth part" physis (epiphyseal plate) Also known as the growth plate. In a long bone it is a ... In the long bones of humans, the epiphyseal plate disappears by twenty years of age. physis, "the growth part" ... The epiphyseal plate is the area in which bone growth occurs after birth through endochondral ossification. ... dia- + physis, "between the growth parts" epiphysis The end regions of a long bone; regions of secondary ossification. ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_bone
FrostbiteFrostbite
There can be longterm ulceration and damage to growth plates. In fourth degree frostbite, structures below the skin are ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frostbite
Medial epicondyle fracture of the humerusMedial epicondyle fracture of the humerus
Growth plates are particularly vulnerable to injury compared to bone. Children can have an open medial epicondyle growth plate ... The medial epicondyle is often the final growth plate (ossification center) to ossify in the elbow. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medial_epicondyle_fracture_of_the_humerus
Pathogenic bacteriaPathogenic bacteria
Stevenson TH, Castillo A, Lucia LM, Acuff GR (2000). "Growth of Helicobacter pylori in various liquid and plating media". Lett ... The growth is then visually or genomically identified. The cultured organism is then subjected to various assays to observe ... Iron is required for humans, as well as the growth of most bacteria. To obtain free iron, some pathogens secrete proteins ... Antibiotics are used both in treating human disease and in intensive farming to promote animal growth. Both uses may be ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_bacteria
GPERGPER
... and growth plate proliferative activity in male mice". J Bone Miner Res. 26 (2): 298-307. doi:10.1002/jbmr.209. PMC 3179349. ... and persistent growth plate activity resulting in longer bones.[38][39] Clinical significance[edit]. GPER plays a role in ... positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway. • positive regulation of insulin secretion. • ... Female GPER knockout mice display hyperglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance, reduced body growth, and increased blood ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPER
CraniosynostosisCraniosynostosis
Fibroblast growth factor and fibroblast growth factor receptors regulate fetal bone growth and are expressed in cranial sutures ... the plates have been observed to come into direct contact with the brain.[51][52] Absorbable plates are now used instead.[51][ ... Compensatory growth occurs in a parallel plane, as well as in a perpendicular plane.[10][11] An increase in growth at the ... In the very first years of life the sutures serve as the most important centers of growth in the skull.[3] The growth of the ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craniosynostosis
EatingEating
The feeling of hunger could be triggered by the smell and thought of food, the sight of a plate, or hearing someone talk about ... typically to provide a heterotrophic organism with energy and to allow for growth. Animals and other heterotrophs must eat in ... Half of plate to be filled with vegetables, according to Harvard School of Public Health ... thus half of the plate with vegetables,[6] 1/4 protein food as meat, ... and 1/4 carbohydrates as pasta, rice, ...) will then ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eat
Alternative medicineAlternative medicine
One of the few growth industries in contemporary Britain is alternative medicine. An apparently endless stream of books, ... was reported as showing that the medical profession had responded to the growth of CAM in three phases, and that in each phase ... there are several psychological issues that are critical to its growth, notably psychological effects, such as the will to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrative_medicine
MioceneMiocene
As the southern part of Nazca Plate and the Chile Rise became consumed by subduction the more northerly regions of the ... Further marked decreases in temperature during the Middle Miocene at 15 Ma probably reflect increased ice growth in Antarctica ... At first the Antarctic Plate subducted only in the southernmost tip of Patagonia, meaning that the Chile Triple Junction lay ... The Antarctic Plate started to subduct beneath South America 14 million years ago in the Miocene, forming the Chile Triple ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miocene
MandalaMandala
Persian "Shamseh" motif painted on a copper plate. The art of hand painting and enameling is called "Meenakari" in Farsi.[ ... Jung recognized that the urge to make mandalas emerges during moments of intense personal growth. Their appearance indicates a ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandala
AcneAcne
High levels of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) are also associated with worsened acne.[42] Both ... These reinforced the idea amongst dermatologists that bacterial growth on the skin plays an important role in causing acne.[179 ... The earliest pathologic change is the formation of a plug (a microcomedone), which is driven primarily by excessive growth, ... Another common factor is the excessive growth of the bacterium Cutibacterium acnes, which is present on the skin.[15] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acne_vulgaris
BarnacleBarnacle
... the apex of the ring of plates is covered by an operculum, which may be recessed into the carapace. The plates are held ... E. Bourget (1987). Barnacle shells: composition, structure, and growth. pp. 267-285.. In A. J. Southward (ed.), 1987. ... but in most they are part of a flat membrane or calcified plate. A ring of plates surrounds the body, homologous with the ... barnacles continue to grow by adding new material to their heavily calcified plates. These plates are not moulted; however, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirripedia
Kluyveromyces marxianusKluyveromyces marxianus
Growth and morphologyEdit. Colonies of K. marxianus are cream to brown in colour with the occasional pink pigmentation due to ... In a Dalmau plate culture containing cornmeal agar and Polysorbate 80, K. marxianus forms a rudimentary to branched ... Fonseca, Gustavo Graciano; de Carvalho, Nuno Miguel Barbosa; Gombert, Andreas Karoly (23 February 2013). "Growth of the yeast ... Löser, Christian; Urit, Thanet; Gruner, Erik; Bley, Thomas (17 January 2015). "Efficient growth of Kluyveromyces marxianus ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kluyveromyces_fragilis
Osteochondroprogenitor cellOsteochondroprogenitor cell
Loss of the regulator, Pten, of the Phophatidylinositol3' kinase pathway results in skeletal overgrowth and growth plate ... "Inactivation of Pten in Osteo-Chondroprogenitor Cells Leads to Epiphyseal Growth Plate Abnormalities and Skeletal Overgrowth". ... Main article: Transforming growth factor beta. During mandible development, most of it is formed through intramembranous ... Deletion of the Trsp gene in osteochondroprogenitor cells results in abnormal bone growth, delayed ossification, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteochondroprogenitor_cell
Short statureShort stature
... with the most obvious sign being a noticeable slowing of growth. The deficiency may be genetic. Among children without growth ... When the cause is unknown, it is called idiopathic short stature.[5] Short stature can also be caused by the bone plates fusing ... 2001). "Growth and Development in the Normal Infant and Child, Table 7.1". Principles and Practice of Endocrinology and ... It can also be due to one or more of many abnormal conditions, such as chronic (prolonged) growth hormone or thyroid hormone ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_stature
RadiographyRadiography
Röntgen discovered X-rays' medical use when he made a picture of his wife's hand on a photographic plate formed due to X-rays. ... Angiography is used to find aneurysms, leaks, blockages (thromboses), new vessel growth, and placement of catheters and stents ... The name refers to the fluorescence he saw while looking at a glowing plate bombarded with X-rays.[2] ... Detectors can be divided into two major categories: imaging detectors (such as photographic plates and X-ray film (photographic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_imaging
Corn silkCorn silk
The emergence of at least one strand of silk from a given ear of corn is defined as growth stage R1, and the emergence of silk ... link) Anthony Boutard (2012-09-25). "Beautiful Corn: America's Original Grain from Seed to Plate". New Society Publishers. Ken ... The silk lengthens from the basal ovules during the 10 to 14 days previous to growth stage R1; this is due to a change of shape ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corn_silk
DiamagnetismDiamagnetism
Recent experiments studying the growth of protein crystals have led to a technique using powerful magnets to allow growth in ... A simple homemade device for demonstration can be constructed out of bismuth plates and a few permanent magnets that levitate a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamagnetism
Activated carbonActivated carbon
Soluble ash content can be very important for aquarists, as ferric oxide can promote algal growths. A carbon with a low soluble ... For example, it is the main purification technique for removing organic impurities from bright nickel plating solutions. A ... Their excessive build up can adversely affect plating quality and physical properties of deposited metal. Activated carbon ... freshwater fish and reef tanks to avoid heavy metal poisoning and excess plant/algal growth. ASTM (D2866 Standard Method test) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activated_charcoal
Wat Phra DhammakayaWat Phra Dhammakaya
Exponential growth (1979-1996)[edit]. The temple gained great popularity during the 1980s (during the Asian economic boom).[18] ... This two-storey structure is made of gold-tinted plate glass. The lower floor is a museum with an exhibition, telling the ... Zehner, Edwin (1990), "Reform Symbolism of a Thai Middle-Class Sect: The Growth and Appeal of the Thammakai Movement", Journal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wat_Phra_Dhammakaya
WhaleWhale
They have a pair of blowholes side-by-side and lack teeth; instead they have baleen plates which form a sieve-like structure in ... Finally, sulfophilic bacteria reduce the bones releasing hydrogen sulfide enabling the growth of chemoautotrophic organisms, ... Baleen whales have no teeth; instead they have plates of baleen, a fringe-like structure used to expel water while retaining ... a streamlined body and the growth of flukes on the tail (Protocetus 43 mya), the migration of the nostrils toward the top of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whale
PleiotropyPleiotropy
After Plate's definition, Hans Gruneberg was the first to study the mechanisms of pleiotropy.[3] In 1938 Gruneberg published an ... This can cause symptoms such as mental retardation, abnormal gait and posture, and delayed growth. Because tyrosine is used by ... The term "pleiotropie" was first coined by Ludwig Plate in his Festschrift, which was published in 1910.[3] He originally ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleiotropic
Ultra-high-temperature ceramicsUltra-high-temperature ceramics
Grain growth is suppressed by rapid heating over the range 1500-1900 °C; this minimizes the time the material has to coarsen. ... 1990). "ZrB2 coated on copper plate by chemical vapour deposition, and its corrosion and oxidation stabilities". Thin Solid ... Exaggerated grain growth that hinders densification occurs during sintering due to the low-intrinsic sinterability and the ... and thermal conductivity of the surface will be lost with active material still remaining deeper within the electrode plate.[68 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra-high-temperature_ceramics
MineralogyMineralogy
The environments of mineral formation and growth are highly varied, ranging from slow crystallization at the high temperatures ... plate opposite p. 166.. *^ "Collector's Corner". The Mineralogical Society of America. Retrieved 2010-05-22.. ... Christoffersen, M.R.; Balic-Zunic, T.; Pehrson, S.; Christoffersen, J. (2001). "Kinetics of Growth of Columnar Triclinic ... to determine such things as growth forms in living plants and animals[17][18] as well as things like the original mineral ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralogist
PastaPasta
... cooked pasta is plated and served with a complementary side sauce or condiment; a second classification of pasta dishes is ... airtight plastic container with a mixture of carbon dioxide and nitrogen that inhibits microbial growth and prolongs the ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasta
Hypervitaminosis AHypervitaminosis A
Kodaka T, Takaki H, Soeta S, Mori R, Naito Y (July 1998). "Local disappearance of epiphyseal growth plates in rats with ... "Histological disorders related to the focal disappearance of the epiphyseal growth plate in rats induced by high dose of ... "Immunohistochemical observations on the initial disorders of the epiphyseal growth plate in rats induced by high dose of ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypervitaminosis_A
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal SocietyPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society
Engravings (cut into metal plates) were used for detailed illustrations, particularly where realism was required; while wood- ... to denote a chemical species that modulates the growth of a species. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophical_Transactions
TetrapodTetrapod
The dorsal extension of the pelvis was the ilium, while the broad ventral plate was composed of the pubis in front and the ... dominated by reptiles in the Mesozoic and expanded by the explosive growth of birds and mammals in the Cenozoic. As ... The pelvic girdle also was much larger than the simple plate found in fishes, accommodating more muscles. It extended far ... the two clavicles and the interclavical could have grown ventrally in such a way as to form a broad chest plate. The upper ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrapod
List of elm treesList of elm trees
... plate 402) in Elwes & Henry's Trees of Great Britain & Ireland, published in 1913, wherein it is identified as U. nitens (U. ... and currently its several branches are supported by specialized braces to allow movement and growth. Every fall seven dump ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_elm_trees
BioarchaeologyBioarchaeology
... but growth does not, or does so at very reduced levels. If and when the stressor is overcome, bone growth will resume, ... Direct testing of bioarchaeological methods for sexing skeletons by comparing gendered names on coffin plates from the crypt at ... Blakey relates the growth in African American bioarchaeology to NAGPRA and its effect of cutting physical anthropologist off ... Harris lines form before adulthood, when bone growth is temporarily halted or slowed down due to some sort of stress (either ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioarchaeology
GingerGinger
... "conserve moisture and check weed growth", as well as check surface run-off to conserve soil.[30] Mulching is done by applying ... which is the stirring and breaking up of soil to check weed growth, break the firmness of the soil from rain, and conserve soil ... 1896 color plate from. Köhler's Medicinal Plants Inflorescence Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae ... mulch (green leaves for example) to the plant beds directly after planting and again 45 and 90 days into growth.[29] After ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginger
TeaTea
Without careful moisture and temperature control during manufacture and packaging, growth of undesired molds and bacteria may ... Turkish tea served in typical small glass and corresponding plate. Iced tea with a slice of lemon ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tea
ArchaeaArchaea
However, the archaea that do this, such as Sulfolobus, produce sulfuric acid as a waste product, and the growth of these ... spirals or plates.[86] Other morphologies in the Crenarchaeota include irregularly shaped lobed cells in Sulfolobus, needle- ... optimal growth at 90-95 °C) host.[138] Notably, the latter virus has the largest currently reported ssDNA genome. Defenses ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaea
Egg whiteEgg white
A silver-plated bowl has the same result as the copper bowl, as will a pinch of powdered copper supplement from a health store ... The primary natural purpose of egg white is to protect the yolk and provide additional nutrition for the growth of the embryo ( ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egg_white
Growth Plate InjuriesGrowth Plate Injuries
Injuries to growth plates, which produce new bone tissue and determine the final length and shape of bones in adulthood, must ... growth plates close later, at around ages 15 to 17. Before growth is complete, the growth plates are at risk for fractures ( ... In growing kids, growth plates sit between the metaphysis and the epiphysis. Growth plates are at the end of long bones, and ... Causes of Growth Plate Injuries. Most of the time, growth plate injuries happen from falling or twisting. Contact sports, like ...
http://kidshealth.org/BarbaraBushChildrens/en/parents/growth-plate-injuries.html
Growth Plate Fractures (for Parents) - NemoursGrowth Plate Fractures (for Parents) - Nemours
Injuries to growth plates, which produce new bone tissue and determine the final length and shape of bones in adulthood, must ... What Is a Growth Plate Fracture?. A growth plate fracture is a break in the growth plate of a child or teen. They happen most ... Do Growth Plate Fractures Affect Bone Growth?. Most growth plate fractures heal and do not affect future bone growth. ... What Is a Growth Plate?. Growth plates are the areas of active, new bone growth near the ends of bones. Theyre made up of ...
https://kidshealth.org/Nemours/en/parents/growth-plate-injuries.html?WT.ac=p-ra
Growth Plate Fractures: Treatment, Surgery, Complications, and MoreGrowth Plate Fractures: Treatment, Surgery, Complications, and More
Find out how your childs doctor will treat a growth plate fracture, how quickly it heals, and whether there are possible ... Because the growth plates are soft, theyre easily injured. When that happens its called a "growth plate fracture." ... Boston Childrens Hospital: "Growth Plate Fractures in Children.". Seattle Childrens Hospital: "Fractures and Growth Plate ... kids get back to normal after a growth plate fracture without any lasting effects. One exception is if the growth plate is ...
https://www.webmd.com/children/growth-plate-fracture
Growth PlateGrowth Plate
... , Ossification Center, Epiphyseal Line, Epiphyseal Plate, Bone Collar, Periosteal Bud, Long Bone Growth, Bone ... Growth Plate. search Growth Plate, Ossification Center, Epiphyseal Line, Epiphyseal Plate, Bone Collar, Periosteal Bud, Long ... Epiphyseal Plate cartilage (epiphysis or Growth Plate). *Cartilage remains between bone formed from primary (central) and ...
https://fpnotebook.com/mobile/Ortho/Anatomy/GrwthPlt.htm
Growth PlateGrowth Plate
... , Ossification Center, Epiphyseal Line, Epiphyseal Plate, Bone Collar, Periosteal Bud, Long Bone Growth, Bone ... Epiphyseal Plate, Epiphyseal Plates, Growth Plate, Growth Plates, Plate, Epiphyseal, Plate, Growth, Plates, Epiphyseal, Plates ... epiphyseal growth plate, epiphyseal plates, long bone growth plate, physis, epiphyseal plate, growth plates, growth plate, ... Growth plate, Epiphyseal growth plate, Epiphyseal plate, Epiphysial plate, Cartilago epiphysialis, Epiphyseal plate (body ...
https://fpnotebook.com/legacy/Ortho/Anatomy/GrwthPlt.htm
Fractures across a growth plate: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia ImageFractures across a growth plate: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Image
A fracture involving a growth plate (the cartilage plate near the end of the bone of a growing child ... A fracture involving a growth plate (the cartilage plate near the end of the bone of a growing child where growth occurs) can ... lead to disturbances in growth of the bone, even if treated properly. ... Fractures across a growth plate. URL of this page: //medlineplus.gov/ency/imagepages/18022.htm Fractures across a growth plate ...
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/imagepages/18022.htm
Growth Plate Injuries - knee, leg - World of Sports ScienceGrowth Plate Injuries - knee, leg - World of Sports Science
Growth Plate Injuries. Every one of the long skeletal bones in the body has a growth plate that governs its rate of the bone ... Type I is a fracture of the bone above the growth plate, with a line extending into the growth plate. These fractures are ... of all growth plate injuries in both sexes occur in the competitive sport environment. A further 20% of growth plate damage ... interacts with the cells of the growth plate during periods of cellular creation. As a child grows, the growth plates harden by ...
http://www.faqs.org/sports-science/Fo-Ha/Growth-Plate-Injuries.html
Growth Plate (Physeal) Fractures: Background, Anatomy, PathophysiologyGrowth Plate (Physeal) Fractures: Background, Anatomy, Pathophysiology
... sprains and strains often result in potentially serious growth plate fractures and physeal fractures (see the image below). ... and the spherical growth plate (enables epiphyseal growth). For the purposes of this article, the horizontal growth plate is ... or epiphyseal plate. The epiphysis is not the cartilaginous growth plate-epiphysis and growth plate are not synonyms-but, ... Technically, two growth plates may be considered to exist in immature long bones: the horizontal growth plate (physis) ...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1260663-overview
Patent US6153011 - Continuous crystal plate growth process and apparatus - Google PatentsPatent US6153011 - Continuous crystal plate growth process and apparatus - Google Patents
3 shows a crystal melt purifier for use in a continuous crystal plate growth apparatus and process, such as shown in FIG. 1. ... The invention provides multi zone plate crystal growth and purifying.. The new continuous feed multi-zone crystal grower is ... 1 shows an apparatus and process for continuous crystal plate growth.. FIG. 2 shows a chamber for purifying crystal material ... A preferred continuous crystal plate growth apparatus has a source of starter material. A valve supplies material from the ...
http://www.google.com/patents/US6153011?dq=5,778,372
COSM » GROWTH PLATE INJURIESCOSM » GROWTH PLATE INJURIES
Growth Plate Injuries. What is the growth plate?. The growth plate, also known as the physis, is the area of developing tissue ... Which growth plate is injured. Some growth plates are more responsible for extensive bone growth than others. ... What causes growth plate injuries?. While growth plate injuries can be caused by an acute event, such as a fall or a blow to ... Who gets growth plate injuries?. These injuries occur in children and adolescents. The growth plate is the weakest area of the ...
http://arthroscopy.com/injuries-ailments/growth-plate-injuries/
Growth Plate Fractures - OrthoInfo - AAOSGrowth Plate Fractures - OrthoInfo - AAOS
Because the growth plates are the last portion of a childs bones to harden (ossify), they are particularly vulnerable to ... Growth plates are areas of cartilage at the ends of the bodys long bones. ... Instead, growth occurs at each end of the bone around the growth plate. When a child is fully grown, the growth plates harden ... With proper treatment, most growth plate fractures heal without complications.. Anatomy. Growth plates are found in the long ...
https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/growth-plate-fractures
IGNITE: Non Invasive Growth Plate Ablation Treatment | Childrens National HospitalIGNITE: Non Invasive Growth Plate Ablation Treatment | Children's National Hospital
IGNITE: Non Invasive Growth Plate Ablation Treatment. * IGNITE: Optimization of Treatment Planning of Non-Invasive Therapy with ...
https://childrensnational.org/research-and-education/sheikh-zayed/projects/bioengineering/ignite-non-invasive-growth-plate-ablation-treatment
Salter Harris Classification of growth plate fractures : Wheeless Textbook of OrthopaedicsSalter Harris Classification of growth plate fractures : Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics
Salter Harris Classification of growth plate fractures. Salter Harris Classification of growth plate fractures. - See:. - Bone ... growth-plate frxs may lead to growth disorders due to destruction of epiphyseal circulation (inhibits physeal growth), or by ... to form across growth plate;. - frx subtypes:. - type I:. - type II:. - type III:. - type IV:. - type V:. Injuries involving ... Growth-Plate Fractures. - account for 15-20% of major long-bone frx & 34% of hand frx in childhood;. - large majority of these ...
https://www.wheelessonline.com/joints/salter-harris-classification-of-growth-plate-fractures/
Growth Plate Injuries in the Foot, Hip & More | NIAMSGrowth Plate Injuries in the Foot, Hip & More | NIAMS
Growth plate injuries happen when a bone is broken or fractured near the end. Learn more about these injuries & the problems ... Overview of Growth Plate Injuries. The growth plate, also known as the epiphyseal plate or physis, is the area of growing ... Who Gets Growth Plate Injuries?. Growth plate injuries are more likely to occur:. *In growing children and teens. When your ... Symptoms of Growth Plate Injuries. Your child or teen could have symptoms of growth plate injury when your child:. *Complains ...
https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/growth-plate-injuries/advanced
Growth plates closing -Doctors Lounge(TM)Growth plates 'closing' -Doctors Lounge(TM)
... of growth in the femur occurs at the distal growth plate. The proportion of growth occurring in the distal femoral growth plate ... Bone growth occurs at the epiphysial plate.Growth in height of an individual is a sum of the growth of the long bones in the ... Question: Growth plates closing. okiegirl1972 - Tue Nov 03, 2009 3:23 pm. Share , ... said his growth plates are closing).I presume that X-Rays of the elbow and knee were obtained and the doctor based his ...
https://www.doctorslounge.com/endocrinology/forums/backup/topic-39818.html
Kidshealth: Growth Plates | Akron Childrens HospitalKidshealth: Growth Plates | Akron Children's Hospital
What Does A Growth Plate Do?. Growth plates are one way bones grow. There are usually two growth plates in each long bone. They ... After a growth plate closes, the bones are no longer growing.. When Do Growth Plates Close?. Growth plates usually close near ... Growth Plate Fractures. Growth plate fractures are when there is a break in the growth plate. This happens most often in the ... the growth plates harden into solid bone. A growth plate that has completely hardened into solid bone is a closed growth plate ...
https://www.akronchildrens.org/kidshealth/en/teens/growth-plates.html
Editorial: Elected leaders have water, growth and textbooks on their platesEditorial: Elected leaders have water, growth and textbooks on their plates
The all-important topics of water quality and growth will be on the minds of Southwest Floridas elected leaders as they ...
https://www.naplesnews.com/story/opinion/editorials/2019/03/02/editorial-elected-leaders-have-water-growth-and-textbooks-their-plates/3027352002/
Programs and Services for Growth Plate Fractures | Boston Childrens HospitalPrograms and Services for Growth Plate Fractures | Boston Children's Hospital
Learn about the programs and services for Growth Plate Fractures at Boston Childrens, ranked best Childrens Hospital by US ... Programs and Services for Growth Plate Fractures. Our team of experts provides specialized care to meet the needs of you or ...
http://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions-and-treatments/conditions/growth-plate-fractures/programs-and-services
Crucial Role of Elovl6 in Chondrocyte Growth and Differentiation during Growth Plate Development in MiceCrucial Role of Elovl6 in Chondrocyte Growth and Differentiation during Growth Plate Development in Mice
... PLoS One. 2016 Jul 28; ... Collectively, our data suggest that Elovl6 plays a critical role for proper development of embryonic growth plate. ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27467521/
JCI - Indian hedgehog stimulates periarticular chondrocyte differentiation to regulate growth plate length independently of...JCI - Indian hedgehog stimulates periarticular chondrocyte differentiation to regulate growth plate length independently of...
H&E-stained growth plates from postnatal day 0.5 (P0.5) pups with the indicated genotypes. (. B. and C. ) The endogenous PTHrP ... growth plates. Mosaic PPR. ablation induced Ihh. expression in ectopic hypertrophic (arrowhead) and eutopic hypertrophic ... In the developing growth plate, periarticular chondrocytes proliferate, differentiate into columnar chondrocytes, and then ... Mosaic ablation of the PTH/PTHrP receptor in the growth plate caused upregulation of Ihh action, PTHrP upregulation, ...
https://www.jci.org/articles/view/24397/figure/4
JCI - Indian hedgehog stimulates periarticular chondrocyte differentiation to regulate growth plate length independently of...JCI - Indian hedgehog stimulates periarticular chondrocyte differentiation to regulate growth plate length independently of...
In the developing growth plate, periarticular chondrocytes proliferate, differentiate into columnar chondrocytes, and then ... Model for the regulation of growth plate chondrocyte differentiation by Ihh and PTHrP at distinct steps. In addition to ... Mosaic ablation of the PTH/PTHrP receptor in the growth plate caused upregulation of Ihh action, PTHrP upregulation, ... Indian hedgehog stimulates periarticular chondrocyte differentiation to regulate growth plate length independently of PTHrP. ...
https://www.jci.org/articles/view/24397/figure/7
Growth Plate Injuries in Children & Teens | Broken BonesGrowth Plate Injuries in Children & Teens | Broken Bones
Learn more about how growth plate injuries are diagnosed and treated. ... Growth plate injuries are a major cause of growth deformities in children and teens. ... A growth plate, also called an epiphyseal plate, is a section of cartilage located at the ends of the long bones of children ... If a growth plate injury is discovered, an MRI may also be useful to determine precisely where the plate has begun to close ...
https://www.hss.edu/condition-list_growth-plate-injuries.asp
High-efficiency clonal growth of bloodstream- and insect-form Trypanosoma brucei on agarose plates. | PNASHigh-efficiency clonal growth of bloodstream- and insect-form Trypanosoma brucei on agarose plates. | PNAS
High-efficiency clonal growth of bloodstream- and insect-form Trypanosoma brucei on agarose plates.. V B Carruthers and G A ... Bloodstream forms were adapted to in vitro growth in liquid HMI-9 medium and then spread on HMI-9/0.65% agarose plates, where ... High-efficiency clonal growth of bloodstream- and insect-form Trypanosoma brucei on agarose plates. ... High-efficiency clonal growth of bloodstream- and insect-form Trypanosoma brucei on agarose plates. ...
https://www.pnas.org/content/89/18/8818
Internal Trauma Fixation Plate Market Sales Overview, Growth Opportunities and Restraint to 2021 | HealthcareInternal Trauma Fixation Plate Market Sales Overview, Growth Opportunities and Restraint to 2021 | Healthcare
Internal Trauma Fixation Plate Market Segment by Consumption Growth Rate and Market Share by Application: ... Internal Trauma Fixation Plate Market Sales Overview, Growth Opportunities and Restraint to 2021. ... Internal Trauma Fixation Plate Market report is an overview of the Global Internal Trauma Fixation Plate Industry It covers all ... Manufacturing Cost Analysis of Internal Trauma Fixation Plate Market:. A.Internal Trauma Fixation Plate Key Raw Materials ...
http://beforeitsnews.com/healthcare/2017/02/internal-trauma-fixation-plate-market-sales-overview-growth-opportunities-and-restraint-to-2021-2505934.html
A dynamic cell adhesion surface regulates tissue architecture in growth plate cartilage.A dynamic cell adhesion surface regulates tissue architecture in growth plate cartilage.
In endochondral bones, the growth plate cartilage promotes bone elongation via regulated chondrocyte maturation within an ... In endochondral bones, the growth plate cartilage promotes bone elongation via regulated chondrocyte maturation within an ... the thermodynamic landscape to promote organization of daughter cells in the context of the three-dimensional growth plate ... of disordered resting chondrocytes into clonal columns of discoid proliferative cells aligned with the primary growth vector. ...
http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/dynamic-cell-adhesion-surface-regulates/24764078.html
Growth Plate Fracture | Sky Ridge Medical CenterGrowth Plate Fracture | Sky Ridge Medical Center
Learn more about Growth Plate Fracture at Sky Ridge Medical Center DefinitionCausesRisk ... A growth plate fracture is a crack or split in or through the softer areas of a childs bone. These areas let the bone grow and ... conditions/growth-plate-fractures. Updated October 2014. Accessed September 19, 2019. ... Growth Plate Fractures. Ortho Info-American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons website. Available at: https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en ...
https://skyridgemedcenter.com/hl/?/859356/Fractura-del-cart%C3%ADlago-de-crecimiento
Growth Plate Stress Fractures in Teenage ClimbersGrowth Plate Stress Fractures in Teenage Climbers
The bone grows from the growth plate and is weakest at this point. Growth plates are significantly weaker than the surrounding ... Growth plate stress fractures most commonly occur in teenage climbers at the time of the pubertal growth spurt, often around ... Growth Plate Stress Fractures in Teenage Climbers. Posted by Nick Colton on 15/04/2020. ... Teenage children who climb and train intensively are more at risk of epiphyseal (growth plate) stress fractures of the finger. ...
https://www.thebmc.co.uk/growth-plate-stress-fractures-in-teenage-climbers
Growth Plate financial definition of Growth PlateGrowth Plate financial definition of Growth Plate
What is Growth Plate? Meaning of Growth Plate as a finance term. What does Growth Plate mean in finance? ... Definition of Growth Plate in the Financial Dictionary - by Free online English dictionary and encyclopedia. ... Growth Plate financial definition of Growth Plate https://financial-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Growth+Plate ... growth. (redirected from Growth Plate). Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Medical, Encyclopedia. Growth. The change in a ...
https://financial-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Growth+Plate
Everything You Need To Know About Age & Growth Plate - NecoleBitchieEverything You Need To Know About Age & Growth Plate - NecoleBitchie
What is growth plate?. The growth plate, also known as the epiphyseal plate or physis, is the area of growing tissue found at ... How do I know if my growth plates are closed?. The only way to know if your growth plates are still open is to have an x-ray. ... The closure of growth plates is different for male and female.. Females growth plate closes earlier than males, if we take for ... What is the function of growth plate?. As I mentioned above, growth plates can be found at each end of long bones, and theyre ...
http://necolebitchie.com/health-fitness/everything-need-know-age-growth-plate/
c-Raf promotes angiogenesis during normal growth plate maturation | Developmentc-Raf promotes angiogenesis during normal growth plate maturation | Development
c-Raf promotes angiogenesis during normal growth plate maturation Message Subject (Your Name) has sent you a message from ... c-Raf promotes angiogenesis during normal growth plate maturation. Eva S. Liu, Adalbert Raimann, Byongsoo Timothy Chae, Janaina ... c-Raf promotes angiogenesis during normal growth plate maturation. Eva S. Liu, Adalbert Raimann, Byongsoo Timothy Chae, Janaina ... c-Raf promotes angiogenesis during normal growth plate maturation. Eva S. Liu, Adalbert Raimann, Byongsoo Timothy Chae, Janaina ...
https://dev.biologists.org/content/143/2/348.article-info
ChondrocytesBone growthPhysisEpiphysisMetaphysisPubertyBonesHardenLITESURFOccurSolid boneInjuries in childrenTibial growth plateEmbryonic growth plateCalled growth plate fracturesPediatricFracture through the growth plateSkeletalClassificationEndochondral ossification2020Tissue20182021LimbHypertrophicGene expressionCAGRProliferationLongitudinal growthMarket growthTrabecularDeformitiesHealGrowsEpiphyseal LineChondrocyte differentiationTibiaEpidermal growthFibroblast growthComplications2017Sprain in an adultNeural plateSegmentElbowInjureForecastDevelopmentSurgicalKneeDisordersWeakestRevenueMaturityAgar plateRisk for growth plate injuriesInjuryAdultSkeletonVulnerableDisruptionFactors
Chondrocytes22
  • In the developing growth plate, periarticular chondrocytes proliferate, differentiate into columnar chondrocytes, and then further differentiate into postmitotic hypertrophic chondrocytes. (jci.org)
  • Ectopic hypertrophic chondrocytes induced column formation in the growth plate with exogenously controlled PTHrP. (jci.org)
  • A key event in the process that generates this cell array is the transformation of disordered resting chondrocytes into clonal columns of discoid proliferative cells aligned with the primary growth vector. (biomedsearch.com)
  • TD is characterized by lack of calcification and causes failure of epiphyseal growth plate chondrocytes hypertrophy. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Longitudinal growth takes place at the growth plates containing cartilage cells (chondrocytes) at different stages of differentiation, which are gradually replaced by bone tissue through endochondral ossification process ( Hunziker, 1994 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Chondrocytes within the growth plate can be divided into different anatomic zones according to their morphology, components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), enzymes activity, and expression of growth factors and receptors. (frontiersin.org)
  • Many of the cell types present in the microenvironment of growing bone contribute to the local synthesis of cytokines and growth factors including the resident endothelial cells, marrow stromal cells, osteoblasts, periosteal cells and chondrocytes. (unu.edu)
  • The traditional view was that growth hormone acted indirectly on the growth plate via IGF-I, a potent mitogen for growth plate chondrocytes. (unu.edu)
  • In addition to having effects on the growth plate chondrocytes, locally synthesised and circulating IGFs retained in bone matrix are important in the regulation of bone remodelling. (unu.edu)
  • BSHXF significantly recovered the OVX-induced abnormal osteogenesis and adipogenesis with the activation of β-catenin in growth plate chondrocytes. (em-consulte.com)
  • BSHXF attenuates osteoporosis by promoting osteogenic differentiation of growth plate chondrocytes mainly in β-catenin-dependent manner. (em-consulte.com)
  • The expression and retention of this exogenous mutant protein in resting and proliferating chondrocytes resulted in a chronic cell stress response, growth plate dysplasia and reduced bone growth, without inducing any alterations to the architecture and organization of the cartilage ECM. (biologists.org)
  • Overall, these data show that mutant protein retention in the ER of resting and proliferative zone chondrocytes is sufficient to cause disrupted bone growth. (biologists.org)
  • Comparisons with wild type mice found several key differences in the knock-out mice: 1) chondroctyes rapidly underwent hypertrophy, depleting chondrocytes that would otherwise form the epiphyseal plate 2) long bone and trabecular (spongy) bone growth were significantly stunted. (washington.edu)
  • Kinase activity of cGMP-dependent, type II, protein kinase (PRKG2) is required for the proliferative to hypertrophic transition of growth plate chondrocytes during endochondral ossification. (iastate.edu)
  • The zeugopod growth plates are located at both ends of the long bones (ulna, radius, tibia and fibula) and contain proliferating chondrocytes responsible for the longitudinal growth of the bone. (lifemapsc.com)
  • A thorough understanding of the gene expression profiles in articular cartilage and growth plate chondrocytes will be an important prerequisite for tissue engineering of cartilage. (elsevier.com)
  • We used laser capture microdissection to capture the surface articular chondrocytes and the resting zone chondrocytes of growth plate from 14-day-old C57BL/6J mice. (elsevier.com)
  • We identified 107 genes that were highly expressed by the surface articular chondrocytes and 130 genes that were highly expressed by the resting zone chondrocytes of growth plate (≥ fivefold). (elsevier.com)
  • The expression of major matrix proteins aggrecan and collagen II were similar, while several morphogens and growth factors were differentially expressed by the surface articular chondrocytes and the resting zone chondrocytes of growth plate. (elsevier.com)
  • Expression of EP3 and EP4 receptor mRNA in rat growth plates and in cultured chondrocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Both growth plate tissue and cultured chondrocytes express mRNA for EP3 and EP4. (biomedcentral.com)
Bone growth21
  • Growth plates are the areas of active, new bone growth near the ends of bones . (kidshealth.org)
  • Do Growth Plate Fractures Affect Bone Growth? (kidshealth.org)
  • Most growth plate fractures heal and do not affect future bone growth. (kidshealth.org)
  • It includes two principal mechanisms of bone growth: growth in length of long bones at the epiphyseal cartilages and growth in thickness by depositing new bone (OSTEOGENESIS) with the actions of OSTEOBLASTS and OSTEOCLASTS. (fpnotebook.com)
  • The area between the EPIPHYSIS and the DIAPHYSIS within which bone growth occurs. (fpnotebook.com)
  • Every one of the long skeletal bones in the body has a growth plate that governs its rate of the bone growth and development. (faqs.org)
  • These more often occur in very young children, who still have years of bone growth ahead of them. (arthroscopy.com)
  • Moreover, a recent study has suggested that chemotherapy given for childhood cancers may also negatively affect bone growth. (arthroscopy.com)
  • Bone growth occurs at the epiphysial plate.Growth in height of an individual is a sum of the growth of the long bones in the lower limb,the bones of the vertebral column and the skull. (doctorslounge.com)
  • This is because bone growth (velocity of growth) is neither uniform, nor linear.Bones grow more rapidly during adolescence and thereafter, the velocity declines. (doctorslounge.com)
  • Growth plates are the areas of new bone growth in kids and teens. (akronchildrens.org)
  • Because the growth plate is where new bone develops, injury to this area can cause the plate to close prematurely and stop bone growth. (hss.edu)
  • These fractures may cause problems with bone growth. (skyridgemedcenter.com)
  • Therefore, with intense resistance exercises, there is a risk of injuring the growth plate , which could negatively impact bone growth. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • During skeletal growth, several structural changes occur to meet the demands during the bone growth period 2 . (scielo.br)
  • The concern will be for how the break affects the growth plate and future bone growth. (alberta.ca)
  • Treatment may include more follow-up visits so the doctor can see that bone growth is happening as it should. (alberta.ca)
  • More significantly, the decreased bone growth seemed to be the direct result of reduced chondrocyte proliferation in the proliferative zone of growth plates in transgenic mice, without transcriptional activation of a classical unfolded protein response (UPR) or apoptosis. (biologists.org)
  • When disturbed, these crucial growth plates can dictate the length, shape, and direction of the mature bone growth. (healingfeet.com)
  • Trauma, tumours , infection and other diseases can cause the growth plate to become injured, which can cause arthritis , deform how the bone grows, and even stop bone growth altogether--something called 'premature closure' of the growth plate. (footdoc.ca)
  • Growth Plate Issues Growth plates, which are responsible for longitudinal bone growth are located near the ends of the bones and are found in animals less one year of age. (saltirelles.com)
Physis12
  • Also called a physis or epiphyseal plate , a growth plate produces new bone tissue. (kidshealth.org)
  • This growth plate, or physis, is located near the end of each long bone, adjoining the head of the bone, called the epiphysis. (faqs.org)
  • Growth plate (physeal) fractures may be defined as disruptions in the cartilaginous physis of long bones that may or may not involve epiphyseal or metaphyseal bone. (medscape.com)
  • Technically, two growth plates may be considered to exist in immature long bones: the horizontal growth plate (physis) and the spherical growth plate (enables epiphyseal growth). (medscape.com)
  • It may also be referred to as the cartilaginous growth plate, physis, or epiphyseal plate. (medscape.com)
  • The growth plate, also known as the physis, is the area of developing tissue near the end of the long bones in children and adolescents. (arthroscopy.com)
  • The growth plate, also known as the epiphyseal plate or physis, is the area of growing tissue near the ends of the long bones in children and adolescents. (nih.gov)
  • 1) They state that the earliest and most frequent finding is a widened epiphyseal plate, with less frequent signs of demineralization, sclerosis, fragmentation of the physis, and cystic changes. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • The growth plate, also known as the epiphyseal plate or physis, is the area of growing tissue found at each end of a long bone. (necolebitchie.com)
  • With a minimally invasive technique, physicians can use WishBone's growth control plates to redirect the growth angle of long bones, gradually correcting angular deformities in pediatric patients with open physis. (odtmag.com)
  • Growth plates, also known as the epiphyseal plates or physis, are "zones" of cartilage that exist at the end of bones in both canine and humans as each grows older. (saltirelles.com)
  • The epiphysis is the end of the bone, with the cartilage that makes up your joint("epi" means "upon", so an epiphysis is the part of the bone that is on the physis).The physis is the growth plate, the part of the bone that has the cells that allows the bone to grow longer. (togct.com)
Epiphysis12
  • In growing kids, growth plates sit between the metaphysis and the epiphysis. (kidshealth.org)
  • When a child's bones are done growing (called reaching skeletal maturity ), the growth plates ossify (harden) and the epiphysis fuses with the metaphysis, forming one complete bone. (kidshealth.org)
  • The epiphysis is not the cartilaginous growth plate-epiphysis and growth plate are not synonyms-but, rather, the bone of the secondary ossification center. (medscape.com)
  • Growth plates are located between the widened part of the shaft of the bone (the metaphysis) and the end of the bone (the epiphysis). (aaos.org)
  • Type I is a fracture through the growth plate and happens when the epiphysis is completely separated from the end of the bone, through the deep layer of the growth plate. (nih.gov)
  • The growth plate remains attached to the epiphysis. (nih.gov)
  • Type II is a fracture that runs through the growth plate and metaphysis, but not through the epiphysis. (nih.gov)
  • Type III fractures run through growth plate leading to a separation of epiphysis and growth plate from the metaphysis. (nih.gov)
  • The outlook or prognosis for growth is good if the blood supply to the separated portion of the epiphysis is still intact and if the joint surface heals in a normal position. (nih.gov)
  • Type IV fractures run through the growth plate, metaphysis, and epiphysis. (nih.gov)
  • This injury happens when a portion of the epiphysis, growth plate, and metaphysis are missing. (nih.gov)
  • What is a Growth Plate, and what is an Epiphysis? (footdoc.ca)
Metaphysis4
  • Fractures in the metaphysis, closer to the growth plate, remodel more reliably than those in the diaphysis do. (medscape.com)
  • Growth plate is a specialized structure which is responsible for the longitudinal growth of long bones as it promotes ossification, thus resulting a cumulative bone deposition at the metaphysis. (scielo.br)
  • The purpose of this study was to observe early lesions of rat epiphyseal plates and metaphysis caused by T-2 toxin and T-2 toxin combined with a low nutrition diet to determine possible pathogenic factors of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD). (curehunter.com)
  • Interestingly, each age bracket has a different response to a similar injury of falling on the outstretched arm: little children get a fracture (break) to the bone that only bends it ("greenstickfracture"), older grammar school children get a growth plate injury, young adults will often get a fracture into the joint or a wrist dislocation, and an elderly personwill fracture through the metaphysis. (togct.com)
Puberty9
  • The period in physical development when the bones are at the greatest risk of a growth plate injury is near the end of puberty. (faqs.org)
  • Growth plates usually close near the end of puberty. (akronchildrens.org)
  • At the chart above you can also see that when your puberty is over your growth velocity decreases. (necolebitchie.com)
  • Genome-wide screening in human growth plates during puberty in one patient suggests a role for RUNX2 in epiphyseal maturation. (semanticscholar.org)
  • The growth plate determines how the length and shape of the bone will be once the child attains puberty . (epainassist.com)
  • Normally, the growth plate closes once the child has attained puberty. (epainassist.com)
  • However, the thumb rule is that the time when a child attains puberty, which is 12-14 years in girls and 14 to16 years in boys, is when the growth plates close. (epainassist.com)
  • After the growth plates close at the end of puberty, the bones cannot grow any longer. (newbornscreening.info)
  • Less dense As the puppy reaches puberty, the growth plates eventually close. (piriworks.net)
Bones42
  • Growth plates are the areas of growing tissue near the ends of the long bones in the legs and arms in kids and adolescents. (kidshealth.org)
  • An injured growth plate might not do its job properly, which can lead to crooked or misshapen bones, limbs that are too short, or even arthritis. (kidshealth.org)
  • Growth plates are at the end of long bones, and grow in length. (kidshealth.org)
  • Surgical plates, screws, or wires often are used to keep the bones in place. (kidshealth.org)
  • Growth plates are areas of soft tissue at the ends of your child's long bones. (webmd.com)
  • As the name suggests, growth plates help your child's bones grow. (webmd.com)
  • If surgery is done, the doctor cuts into the skin, puts the bones back in line, and puts in screws, wires, rods, pins, or metal plates to hold the pieces together. (webmd.com)
  • The growth and development of bones from fetus to adult. (fpnotebook.com)
  • Bones such as the tibia and fibula (lower leg), the radius (forearm), and the femur (thigh) are structures that commonly sustain growth plate damage. (faqs.org)
  • The growth plate in a child or adolescent is often softer than the supporting ligaments and connective tissues, because bones form more slowly, rendering the growth plate more vulnerable to fracture. (faqs.org)
  • The long bones of the fingers (phalanges), the radius, and the tibia/fibula structure are the most common sports-related growth plate fractures. (faqs.org)
  • The horizontal growth plate is easily seen on radiographs of most growing long bones as a horizontal radiolucent region near the end of the bone. (medscape.com)
  • The growth plate is the weakest area of the growing skeleton, weaker than the nearby ligaments and tendons that connect bones to other bones and muscles. (arthroscopy.com)
  • As a result, their bones finish growing sooner, and growth plates are replaced by stronger, solid bone. (arthroscopy.com)
  • Growth plate fractures occur most often in the long bones of the fingers (phalanges), followed by the outer bone of the forearm (radius) at the wrist. (arthroscopy.com)
  • But because they are still growing, a child's bones are also subject to a unique injury called a growth plate fracture. (aaos.org)
  • Because they are the last portion of a child's bones to harden (ossify), growth plates are particularly vulnerable to fracture. (aaos.org)
  • Growth plates are found in the long bones of the body-the bones that are longer than they are wide. (aaos.org)
  • Most long bones in the body have at least two growth plates, including one at each end. (aaos.org)
  • Most growth plate fractures occur in the long bones of the fingers. (aaos.org)
  • Because a child's bones heal quickly, a potential growth plate injury should be examined by a doctor as quickly as possible, ideally within 5 to 7 days. (aaos.org)
  • Because they are even weaker than the nearby ligaments and tendons that connect bones to other bones and muscles, growth plates are vulnerable to injury. (nih.gov)
  • The long bones displayed decelerating growth through time, with greater velocities for the larger lower limb (vs. smaller upper limb) bones and the larger proximal (vs. smaller distal) elements within limbs. (doctorslounge.com)
  • The aforesaid observations hopefully make it abundantly clear that growth in height of an individual is complex,various bones contributing varying proportions at varying times to the overall growth. (doctorslounge.com)
  • Most growth plates are near the ends of long bones . (akronchildrens.org)
  • Growth plates are one way bones grow. (akronchildrens.org)
  • After a growth plate closes, the bones are no longer growing. (akronchildrens.org)
  • A growth plate, also called an epiphyseal plate, is a section of cartilage located at the ends of the long bones of children and teenagers. (hss.edu)
  • Growth plate injuries are also common in the long bones of the fingers, and can occur in joints such as the shoulder, wrist, ankle, or elbow. (hss.edu)
  • In endochondral bones, the growth plate cartilage promotes bone elongation via regulated chondrocyte maturation within an ordered, three-dimensional cell array. (biomedsearch.com)
  • As I mentioned above, growth plates can be found at each end of long bones, and they're creating cartilage (flexible connective tissue) within the bone and after some period of time that flexible connective tissue is transforming into a bone. (necolebitchie.com)
  • a spurt in testosterone can cap the growth of the long bones, its what usually happens when the body wants to halt growth. (muscletalk.co.uk)
  • A child's growth is dependent on the proper functioning of the growth plate, a specialized cartilage structure located at the ends of long bones and within the vertebrae. (nih.gov)
  • The primary function of the growth plate is to generate new cartilage, which is then converted into bone tissue and results in the lengthening of bones. (nih.gov)
  • Failure of the growth plate to function properly can result in short stature or sometimes a skeletal dysplasia, such as achondroplasia, in which the bones are not just short but also malformed. (nih.gov)
  • Growth plates (indicated by the pink lines) are areas of cartilage near the ends of long bones, such as the arm and leg bones. (merckmanuals.com)
  • A growth plate broken bone is important because your child's bones are still growing. (alberta.ca)
  • Growth plates are sections of cartilage near the ends of bones that are present until a person reaches maturity. (slocumcenter.com)
  • The growth plate, which is also known by the name of epiphyseal plate, is an area of growing tissues along the end of the long bones in a child. (epainassist.com)
  • The areas at the end of the long bones of the body that stay open during childhood to allow further growth. (newbornscreening.info)
  • An Apophysis is a certain type of growth plate that occurs at the end of a bone, when there is no other bones on the other side. (footdoc.ca)
  • Growth plates are soft areas that sit at the ends of the long bones in puppies and young dogs. (saltirelles.com)
Harden4
  • When kids are done growing, the growth plates harden into solid bone. (kidshealth.org)
  • As a child grows, the growth plates harden by a process known as ossification of the bone cells, eventually disappearing when the body reaches maturity. (faqs.org)
  • When a child is fully grown, the growth plates harden into solid bone. (aaos.org)
  • As kids grow, the growth plates harden into solid bone. (akronchildrens.org)
LITESURF4
  • TE Connectivity (TE), a world leader in connectivity and sensor solutions, announced the launch of its LITESURF plating technology designed to minimize the risk of whiskers that can short-circuit electronic components and cause potential system failure. (ai-online.com)
  • Our LITESURF plating technology is based on bismuth, a harmless substance with all the favorable characteristics of tin but with ultra-low whisker risk. (ai-online.com)
  • BENSHEIM, Germany, Jan. 9, 2018 /PRNewswire/ -- TE Connectivity (TE), a world leader in connectivity and sensor solutions, today announced the launch of its LITESURF plating technology designed to minimize the risk of whiskers that can short-circuit electronic components and cause potential system failure. (perssupport.nl)
  • Learn more about TE'S LITESURF plating technology here [http://www.te.com/global-en/industries/automotive/insights/litesurf.html?te_bu=aut&te_type=pr&te_campaign=oth_glo_litesurf&elqCampaignId=15546]. (perssupport.nl)
Occur16
  • Growth plate injuries are twice as likely to occur in boys as in girls, due primarily to the fact that girls reach physical maturation approximately two years earlier than boys, coupled with the greater degree of participation of boys in physically riskier activities. (faqs.org)
  • Approximately 30% to 40% of all growth plate injuries in both sexes occur in the competitive sport environment. (faqs.org)
  • Injuries to the physes are more likely to occur in an active pediatric population than sprains or ligament injuries are, in part because the ligaments and joint capsules have greater structural strength and integrity than the growth plates do. (medscape.com)
  • Although many growth plate injuries are caused by accidents that occur during play or athletic activity, growth plates are also susceptible to other types of injury, infection, and diseases that can alter their normal growth and development. (arthroscopy.com)
  • These fractures occur due to a crushing injury to the growth plate from a compression force. (aaos.org)
  • Growth plate fractures occur twice as often in boys as in girls, because girls finish growing earlier than boys. (aaos.org)
  • One-third of all growth plate fractures occur during participation in competitive sports such as football, basketball, or gymnastics. (aaos.org)
  • About 20% of all growth plate fractures occur during participation in recreational activities such as biking, sledding, skiing, or skateboarding. (aaos.org)
  • If perfect alignment isn't achieved and maintained during healing, prognosis for growth is poor, and angulation (bending) of the bone may occur. (nih.gov)
  • Growth plate injuries usually occur after a bone fracture (break), and they are a major cause of growth deformities in children and teens. (hss.edu)
  • Growth plate stress fractures most commonly occur in teenage climbers at the time of the pubertal growth spurt, often around the timing of breast growth for girls and pubic hair in boys. (thebmc.co.uk)
  • making that spurt occur artifically can lead to stunted growth mate. (muscletalk.co.uk)
  • Does any of the new growth on either plate occur on the half where you never touched the loop? (protocol-online.org)
  • Approximately half of all growth plate injuries occur in the lower end of the outer bone of the forearm (radius) at the wrist. (healingfeet.com)
  • This is precisely the reason as to why more than 1/4th of fractures in children occur in the growth plates. (epainassist.com)
  • Growth plate injuries occur in children, up until about age 16 for girls and 18 for boys. (togct.com)
Solid bone8
  • When growth is complete-sometime during adolescence-the growth plates are replaced by solid bone. (arthroscopy.com)
  • Once your child's growth is complete - sometime during adolescence - the growth plates close and are replaced by solid bone. (nih.gov)
  • When the growth plates finish growing, they are replaced by stronger, solid bone. (nih.gov)
  • A growth plate that has completely hardened into solid bone is a closed growth plate . (akronchildrens.org)
  • The growth plate is weaker than solid bone. (akronchildrens.org)
  • Once a person has physically matured, usually in adolescence, these plates permanently close to form solid bone. (hss.edu)
  • Although the fractured bone will be clearly visible on an X-ray , growth plate damage can be harder to detect because the plate is not solid bone and so appears as space. (hss.edu)
  • Older girls experience these fractures less often because their growth plates stop growing and change into solid bone at an earlier age than boys. (togct.com)
Injuries in children2
  • In one large study of growth plate injuries in children, the majority resulted from a fall, usually while running or playing on furniture or playground equipment. (arthroscopy.com)
  • With quick diagnosis and the right treatment, the vast majority of growth plate injuries in children heal completely without any long-term problems. (incapdns.net)
Tibial growth plate1
  • Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD), a skeletal abnormality apparent as a plug of non-vascularized, non-mineralized, white opaque cartilage in the tibial growth plate of avian species can serve as a good model for studying process and genes involved in matrix mineralization and calcification. (frontiersin.org)
Embryonic growth plate2
  • Collectively, our data suggest that Elovl6 plays a critical role for proper development of embryonic growth plate. (nih.gov)
  • The ligands that comprise the Transforming Growth Factor β superfamily highly govern the development of the embryonic growth plate. (escholarship.org)
Called growth plate fractures1
  • Breaks that go through the growth plate are called growth plate fractures. (alberta.ca)
Pediatric4
  • If a child is almost fully grown and experiences a complete growth stoppage in a limb on one side of the body, a pediatric orthopedic surgeon may recommend closing the growth plate in the limb on the other side so that both limbs remain the same length. (hss.edu)
  • The purpose of this study is to find ways to change the way the growth plate grows to better treat pediatric limb disorders. (mayo.edu)
  • The savings to the healthcare system are enormous when pediatric patients receive proper treatment while they're still growing and growth plates are open. (odtmag.com)
  • At Boston Children's Hospital, we have specialized expertise in treating growth plate fractures and other pediatric bone conditions. (incapdns.net)
Fracture through the growth plate3
  • Type V is a compression fracture through the growth plate that happens when the end of the bone is crushed and the growth plate is compressed. (nih.gov)
  • A fracture through the growth plate with a portion of the fracture extending into the shaft of the bone, creating the 'Thurston-Holland' sign. (footdoc.ca)
  • A fracture through the growth plate with a portion of the fracture extending into the joint. (footdoc.ca)
Skeletal5
  • In the evaluation of the risk of curve progression in idiopathic scoliosis however(Because spine films are not sensitive enough to measure the progression of skeletal maturity during the rapid growth phase of adolescence),many orthopedic surgeons use radiographs of the elbow (method of Sauvegrain1). (doctorslounge.com)
  • From the age of seven to skeletal maturity, the distal femur contributes approximately 1.3 cm per year to femoral growth, except in the last two years, when it contributes half that amount. (doctorslounge.com)
  • Current treatments for severe short stature and skeletal growth disorders are limited. (nih.gov)
  • Coupling these cartilage-binding antibodies to growth-stimulating endocrine factors, such as growth hormone and IGF-I, and paracrine factors, such as CNP, could allow therapy targeted specifically to growth plate, and also articular cartilage, thereby opening up broad new pharmacological approaches to treat skeletal dysplasias and short stature. (nih.gov)
  • Of the growth factors, those with the most potent effects on growing skeletal tissue are the IGFs, previously known as somatomedins. (unu.edu)
Classification5
  • A system of growth plate fracture classification was first devised in the 1960s, known as the Salter-Harris system, with five progressively more serious fractures described. (faqs.org)
  • Several classification systems have been developed that categorize the different types of growth plate fractures. (aaos.org)
  • The main objective of the report is to draw a basic outline of the Wear Resistant Steel Plate market and describe its classification. (express-press-release.net)
  • Fractured growth plates are treated based on the classification of the fracture. (footdoc.ca)
  • The Salter-Harris Classification is the most commonly used system to classify growth plate fractures. (footdoc.ca)
Endochondral ossification1
  • The skeleton: a multi-functional complex organ: the growth plate chondrocyte and endochondral ossification. (semanticscholar.org)
20203
  • By the most conservative estimates of global Distal Radius Plates market size (most likely outcome) will be a year-over-year revenue growth rate of XX% in 2021, from US$ 452 million in 2020. (reportsnreports.com)
  • According to our primary research and expert opinions, the market is likely to cross the USD XX Million mark before the end of year 2022 and the estimated growth rate of the overall industry is expected to be XX% during 2020 to 2026. (iranwpd.com)
  • A new business intelligence report released by Contrive Datum Insights with the title Global Brake Backing Plate Market 2020 by Manufacturers, Type and Application, forecast to 2027 is designed with an objective to provide a micro-level analysis of the market. (contrivedatuminsights.com)
Tissue9
  • A dynamic cell adhesion surface regulates tissue architecture in growth plate cartilage. (biomedsearch.com)
  • Our results support a model in which regulation of adhesive surface dynamics and cortical tension by extrinsic signaling modifies the thermodynamic landscape to promote organization of daughter cells in the context of the three-dimensional growth plate tissue. (biomedsearch.com)
  • Recombinant human growth hormone (GH) is typically used, but the results are often less than optimal and growth hormone has potential adverse effects.Researchers at the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute on Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)Section on Growth and Development, collaborating with the NCI Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, created human monoclonal antibody fragments that bind to matrilin-3, a protein specifically expressed in cartilage tissue. (nih.gov)
  • To investigate the effects of dietary restriction on the growth plate and long bone tissue in growing rats. (scielo.br)
  • If your dog simply has a deep tissue bruise near or including the growth plate region, your. (piriworks.net)
  • The bone grows through softer pieces of developing cartilage tissue called growth plates , which help define the length and shape of the bone. (incapdns.net)
  • Opposite the primitive streak in the embryo, ectodermal tissue thickens and flattens to become the neural plate. (wikipedia.org)
  • Signaling proteins are also important in neural plate development, and aid in differentiating the tissue destined to become the neural plate. (wikipedia.org)
  • If the region containing presumptive epidermis and neural plate tissue is isolated, small neural folds will form. (wikipedia.org)
20182
  • Global Automatic Number Plate Recognition Market, 2018-2023, is a market research report by KD Market Insights that offers extensive and highly detailed current and future market trends in the global and regional/market. (prsync.com)
  • The report reviews the preliminary estimates for 2018 and forecasts for growth in Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) demand for 2019-2023. (prsync.com)
20214
  • According to this latest study, the 2021 growth of Distal Radius Plates will have significant change from previous year. (reportsnreports.com)
  • A newly released intelligence report 2021 provides a wealth of insights on the growth outlook of the global Bonnet Lock Plate and Latch market . (5gigs.com)
  • to find out what is the impact of COVID 19 on Bonnet Lock Plate and Latch market and how will the market grow in the next period 2021-2030? (5gigs.com)
  • The business intelligence report on Locking Compression Plates market aims to answer all the client queries pertaining to the expansion of this business sphere over 2021-2027. (phanaticmag.com)
Limb7
  • Treatment for growth plate injuries first involves resting and not bearing weight on the affected limb. (kidshealth.org)
  • Sometimes, a growth plate fracture can also cause the bone to grow more, but this has the same result: One limb ends up longer than the other. (webmd.com)
  • Your child won't be able to move his limb that way, which gives the growth plate time and space to heal. (webmd.com)
  • A child who breaks a leg and experiences a damaged growth plate may develop a limb-length discrepancy, where the healthy leg grows longer than the broken leg. (hss.edu)
  • These may include resection (removal) of the partial growth arrest or a limb lengthening procedure. (hss.edu)
  • In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analysis of bm limb growth plates showed diminished Indian hedgehog (Ihh) signaling and abnormal Ihh protein distribution in the extracellular matrix. (biologists.org)
  • WishBone Medical is introducing the first and only growth control plating system in the world, offered as a complete, single-use procedure kit in sterile packaging to treat angular limb deformities in children. (odtmag.com)
Hypertrophic1
  • however, proteoglycan aggregate granules are smaller than normal and are present in reduced numbers, particularly in the columnar and hypertrophic zones of the growth plate. (rupress.org)
Gene expression2
  • Microarray technology was used to compare growth plate cartilage gene expression in dwarf versus unaffected Angus cattle to identify putative downstream targets of PRGK2. (iastate.edu)
  • Spatial and temporal regulation of GH-IGF-related gene expression in growth plate cartilage. (semanticscholar.org)
CAGR4
  • Over the next five years the Distal Radius Plates market will register a 3.4% CAGR in terms of revenue, the global market size will reach US$ 517.1 million by 2026. (reportsnreports.com)
  • The report also provides the compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) for each segment of the market for the forecast period 2017 to 2025. (express-press-release.net)
  • The global Wear Resistant Steel Plate market is anticipated to gain momentum in the coming years and exhibit a CAGR of xx% . (express-press-release.net)
  • The Brake Backing Plate market was valued at xx Million US$ in 2019 and is projected to reach xx Million US$ by 2027, at a CAGR of xx% during the forecast period. (contrivedatuminsights.com)
Proliferation4
  • The viability of these compound conditional mutant mice with small roof plate further allowed us to demonstrate that rh1 roof plate directs multiple aspects of cerebellar morphogenesis, including cerebellar anlage proliferation. (jneurosci.org)
  • In recent years it has been demonstrated that a large number of growth factors and cytokines regulate the proliferation and differentiation of bone and cartilage cells in vitro and in vivo (Table 2). (unu.edu)
  • The specific disease pathways triggered by mutant protein retention do not necessarily involve a prototypic UPR, but all pathways impact upon chondrocyte proliferation in the cartilage growth plate. (biologists.org)
  • This study indicates that loss of PRKG2 function results in differential expression of P53 regulated genes as well as additional pathways consistent with increased proliferation and apoptosis in the growth plate due to achondroplastic dwarfism. (iastate.edu)
Longitudinal growth1
  • Disparities in longitudinal growth within a species can be partly explained by endocrinological differences. (semanticscholar.org)
Market growth5
  • Study the key regions holding notable shares in the global Wear Resistant Steel Plate market growth. (express-press-release.net)
  • The long-term and short-term consequences of market growth accumulated by the affected business evolution, with a large pandemic. (5gigs.com)
  • Factors that overshadow the market growth are pivotal as they can be understood to devise different bends for getting hold of the lucrative opportunities that are present in the ever-growing market. (marketresearchglobe.com)
  • Understanding the segments helps in identifying the importance of different factors that aid the market growth. (marketresearchglobe.com)
  • Factors such as rising demand for fuel cell production and increasing demand from automobile and chemical companies are boosting the market growth. (verifiedmarketresearch.com)
Trabecular4
  • Seeman, "Trabecular bone of growth plate origin influences both trabecular and cortical morphology in adulthood," Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, vol. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Dietary restriction had severe detrimental effects on the growth plate and trabecular and cortical bone. (scielo.br)
  • Growth plate cells proliferate, differentiate, and undergo hypertrophy and apoptosis with replacement by newly formed trabecular bone 1 . (scielo.br)
  • Metaphyseal trabecular bone showed sparse disorder and disruption in group C. T-2 toxin combined with a low nutrition diet could lead to more serious chondrocyte necrosis in the epiphyseal plate and disturb metaphyseal trabecular bone formation. (curehunter.com)
Deformities2
  • If surgery is required, it is best to initiate treatment promptly, before healing begins and fracture surfaces smooth off or Z-deformities develop with partial continued growth. (medscape.com)
  • In the most serious cases, damage to the growth plates can lead to growth deformities in the limbs. (thefreedictionary.com)
Heal3
  • damage to the growth plate can go undetected and quickly heal in a fashion in which the bone is misaligned. (faqs.org)
  • With proper treatment, most growth plate fractures heal without complications. (aaos.org)
  • Almost all of growth plate injuries of the forearm heal without any problem(the main problem occurs in knee and hip growth plate injuries, which fact you should bear in mind when you are reading generalized statistics about growth plate injuries). (togct.com)
Grows2
  • The bone grows from the growth plate and is weakest at this point. (thebmc.co.uk)
  • A growth plate, or epiphyseal plate, is the portion of bone that grows as we go through childhood. (footdoc.ca)
Epiphyseal Line2
  • Growth plates can determine your height, and the reason why you stop growing taller is because they are replaced by an epiphyseal line when you become an adult. (necolebitchie.com)
  • The plate exists in embryos and children and is replaced by the epiphyseal line when an individual stops growing. (lifemapsc.com)
Chondrocyte differentiation2
  • Mosaic ablation of the PTH/PTHrP receptor in the growth plate caused upregulation of Ihh action, PTHrP upregulation, acceleration of periarticular chondrocyte differentiation, and elongation of the columnar region. (jci.org)
  • Model for the regulation of growth plate chondrocyte differentiation by Ihh and PTHrP at distinct steps. (jci.org)
Tibia3
  • Fractures in the proximal tibia (top of the shin bone) or distal femur (bottom of the thighbone) are the most common epiphyseal plate injuries that lead to growth stoppage. (hss.edu)
  • Overall, growth plate fractures of the tibia bone are much more common in small breed dogs. (piriworks.net)
  • Intraoperative contouring of the bone plate, prior to application to the bone, is necessary due to the sigmoid shape of the tibia in a mediolateral and craniocaudal plane. (piriworks.net)
Epidermal growth1
  • Those cytokines and growth factors considered to be of particular importance during bone development and growth include the IGFs, TGF a and b , bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), FGF, PDGF and epidermal growth factor (EGF). (unu.edu)
Fibroblast growth3
  • The term cytokine is now generally used to include molecules that were originally defined as growth factors, e.g., the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), the transforming growth factors (TGF alpha and TGF beta), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs). (unu.edu)
  • In contrast to the functional role of heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), the importance of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in modulating signaling pathways involving hedgehog proteins, wingless-related proteins and fibroblast growth factors remains unclear. (biologists.org)
  • Pthlp - Mouse Genome Informatics), fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), Wnt proteins and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), function in concert to tightly regulate this multistep process leading to endochondral bone formation ( Kronenberg, 2003 ). (biologists.org)
Complications1
  • Most kids who are treated for growth plate injuries do not have any long-term complications. (kidshealth.org)
20174
  • This Europe Automotive Brake Plate Market report also takes into account the past price of 2011-2016 and future price of 2017-2022 as per the supply-demand relation along with perspectives and Europe Automotive Brake Plate market forecasts. (beforeitsnews.com)
  • Global Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) market was held at USD XXX Million in 2017 and is expected to garner USD XXX Million by the end of 2023. (prsync.com)
  • Global Cellular Plastic Film, Sheet and Plate Market to 2017 - Market Size, Growth and Forecasts in Nearly 70 Countries. (thefreelibrary.com)
  • Global Cellular Plastic Film, Sheet and Plate Market to 2017 - Market Size, Growth and Forecasts in Nearly 70 Countries is a comprehensive publication that enables readers the critical perspectives to be able to evaluate the world market for cellular plastic films, sheets and plates. (thefreelibrary.com)
Sprain in an adult2
  • An injury that would cause a sprain in an adult can be a potentially serious growth plate injury in a young child. (arthroscopy.com)
  • An injury that might cause a sprain in an adult may cause a growth plate injury in a child. (togct.com)
Neural plate25
  • The neural plate is a key developmental structure that serves as the basis for the nervous system. (wikipedia.org)
  • The region anterior to the primitive knot can be generally referred to as the neural plate. (wikipedia.org)
  • The ends of the neural plate, known as the neural folds, push the ends of the plate up and together, folding into the neural tube, a structure critical to brain and spinal cord development. (wikipedia.org)
  • Expression of these proteins is essential to neural plate folding and subsequent neural tube formation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Generally divided into four, the process of primary neurulation involves the neural plate in the first three steps. (wikipedia.org)
  • The formation and folding of the neural plate is the first step in primary neurulation. (wikipedia.org)
  • This is followed by the refinement and growth of neural plate cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • The third step of primary neurulation does not involve the neural plate per se, but rather the edges of the neural plate, which come together, turning the plate into the start of the neural tube. (wikipedia.org)
  • With the neural plate having folded into a tube, the neural folds come together to complete the fusion of the neural tube. (wikipedia.org)
  • This process is illustrated in the figure to the right, where the neural plate is shown in purple. (wikipedia.org)
  • The lime green marks the edges of the neural plate, which become the neural folds, involved in the folding of the plate to create the neural tube. (wikipedia.org)
  • The figure demonstrates the development of the neural plate into the neural tube, which is where the neural crest cells are derived from as well. (wikipedia.org)
  • During the stage of neural plate formation the embryo consists of three cell layers: the ectoderm that eventually forms the skin and neural tissues, the mesoderm that forms muscle and bone, and the endoderm that will form the cells lining the digestive and respiratory tracts. (wikipedia.org)
  • The progenitor cells that make up the precursors to neural tissues in the neural plate are called neuroepithelial cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Stretched over the notochord, the ectodermal cells on the dorsal portion of the embryo are ultimately the ones that form the neural plate. (wikipedia.org)
  • Approximately half of those cells will be induced to remain ectoderm, while the other half will form the neural plate. (wikipedia.org)
  • There are four stages of neural plate and neural tube formation: formation, bending, convergence, and closure. (wikipedia.org)
  • The formation of the neural plate starts when dorsal mesoderm signals ectodermal cells above it to lengthen into columnar neural plate cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • This different shape distinguishes the cells of the presumptive neural plate from other pre-epidermal cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • If the neural plate is separated by itself, it will still develop to make a thinner plate but will not form a neural tube. (wikipedia.org)
  • The bending of the neural plate involves the formation of hinges, where the neural plate is connected to surrounding tissues. (wikipedia.org)
  • The midline of the neural plate is referred to the median hinge point (MHP). (wikipedia.org)
  • They are derived from the area of the neural plate anterior to primitive knot. (wikipedia.org)
  • It was seen in an experiment that without the notochord, the MHP characteristics did not develop correctly, so the neural plate and neural tube formation did not happen properly. (wikipedia.org)
  • The communication between the neural plate and the notochord is important for the future induction and formation of the neural tube. (wikipedia.org)
Segment5
  • Although loss of Lmx1a completely abolishes roof plate induction in the spinal cord, a residual roof plate still forms in rhombomere 1 (rh1), the most anterior segment of the hindbrain in Lmx1a −/− ( dreher ) mice. (jneurosci.org)
  • Osteotomy Plates Market report delivers a basic overview of the industry including Key Players, Regional Segment Analysis, Product Segment Analysis and Application Segment Analysis. (medgadget.com)
  • Scope of Locking Compression Plates market report: future supply-demand scenarios, high-growth opportunities, changing market trends, revenue potential of industry segment, company profiles, and Covid-19 impact. (phanaticmag.com)
  • In order to provide a comprehensive analysis, we have segmented the Global Skate Plates Market into 4 Major Segment. (iranwpd.com)
  • What are the revenues of those companies for Skate Plates segment? (iranwpd.com)
Elbow3
  • I recently took him to a bone & joint clinic for knee and elbow problems the dr. said his growth plates are 'closing' I asked if that means he is finished growing he said not nessecilary. (doctorslounge.com)
  • Hi, You say - (recently took him to a bone & joint clinic for knee and elbow problems the dr. said his growth plates are 'closing').I presume that X-Rays of the elbow and knee were obtained and the doctor based his observation from these films. (doctorslounge.com)
  • Females growth plate closes earlier than males, if we take for example the growth plates in the elbow area, they close at the age of 12-14 in females and they stay open until age of 16 in males. (necolebitchie.com)
Injure3
  • But in a child, that same fall could injure the growth plate. (kidshealth.org)
  • Usually, kids injure their growth plates through an accidental fall while running or jumping around. (healingfeet.com)
  • Is it possible to injure a growth plate? (footdoc.ca)
Forecast7
  • The report is supplemented with various indicators which are believed to propel the growth of the market during the forecast period. (prsync.com)
  • The major questions answered in this comprehensive publication include: What is the global market size for cellular plastic films, sheets and plates?What is the cellular plastic film, sheet and plate market size in nearly 70 different countries?Are the markets growing or decreasing?How are the markets divided into different kinds of products?How are different product groups developing?How are the markets forecast to develop in the future? (thefreelibrary.com)
  • The report on the Wear Resistant Steel Plate market discusses the possible outcomes of investment in certain strategies that can be adopted during the forecast period for generating revenues. (express-press-release.net)
  • Besides this, the report also encompasses the possible threats and possible growth opportunities that the market players may face during the forecast period. (express-press-release.net)
  • The complex analysis of opportunities, growth drivers, and the future forecast is presented in simple and easily understandable formats. (5gigs.com)
  • The report comprehends the Bonnet Lock Plate and Latch market by elaborating the technology dynamics, financial position, growth strategy, product portfolio during the forecast period. (5gigs.com)
  • Estimations for the revenue, consumption volume, and yearly growth rate of each region over the forecast period. (phanaticmag.com)
Development12
  • This injury presents a significant risk of permanently arresting development of the bone, due to the potential future inability of the growth plate to function. (faqs.org)
  • The vast majority of joint replacements are performed on adults well past the development stage--decades removed from the growth plate activity, bowed femurs and natural bone fusion that defined their childhood. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • The specific role of Lmx1b in hindbrain roof plate development, however, has never been assessed. (jneurosci.org)
  • The opportunity for cellular plastic sheet, plate and film market lies in development of eco-friendly and easily degradable products. (pitchengine.com)
  • To achieve asymmetric division, the microspore undergoes several unique cellular events, including the establishment of cell polarity through nuclear migration, development of an asymmetric mitotic spindle, and an unusual process of cytokinesis to form a hemispherical cell plate. (plantphysiol.org)
  • Disruption of any of these signaling pathways results in defects in growth plate development ( Karsenty and Wagner, 2002 ). (biologists.org)
  • The Wear Resistant Steel Plate market suffered huge losses in terms of new development and revenue generation. (express-press-release.net)
  • Study on the effect of T-2 toxin combined with low nutrition diet on rat epiphyseal plate growth and development. (curehunter.com)
  • Chondrocyte-specific modulation of Cyp27b1 expression supports a role for local synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in growth plate development. (semanticscholar.org)
  • It additionally gives development paces of key makers working inside the worldwide Heat-treated Steel Plates Market. (bbstate.com)
  • The Global Hydrogen Fuel Cell Bipolar Plate Market study provides an outlook on the development of the market in terms of revenue throughout the prognosis period. (verifiedmarketresearch.com)
  • The research also focuses on the important achievements of the market, Research & Development, and regional growth of the leading competitors operating in the market. (contrivedatuminsights.com)
Surgical4
  • Surgical plates, screws, or wires might be used to secure the area so that the bone heals normally. (kidshealth.org)
  • Skeletally immature children undergoing surgical procedures where growth plate cartilage or bone is removed as a normal part of their procedure. (mayo.edu)
  • Because of the likelihood of injury to the joint and for growth plate disturbance means that these fractures are usually treated through surgical repair. (footdoc.ca)
  • These are usually treated conservatively, though surgical intervention is frequently done if premature closure of the growth plate occurs on the injured side. (footdoc.ca)
Knee2
  • Your child's likely to get crooked legs or one leg shorter than the other if his growth plates were damaged at his knee. (webmd.com)
  • Children with certain neurological disorders that result in sensory deficit, muscular imbalance, or looseness in the ligaments are prone to growth plate fractures, especially at the ankle and knee. (arthroscopy.com)
Disorders1
  • Large-breed puppies will also benefit from eating a large-breed puppy food because these products help prevent the too-rapid growth that increases their risk of developing orthopedic disorders. (saltirelles.com)
Weakest1
  • The growth plates are the weakest areas of your child's growing skeleton. (nih.gov)
Revenue5
  • This report studies sales (consumption) of Internal Trauma Fixation Plate market, focuses on the top players, with sales, price, revenue and market share with volume and value for each region. (beforeitsnews.com)
  • It also provides rough analysis of the market share, segmentation, revenue forecasts and geographic regions of the Osteotomy Plates Industry. (medgadget.com)
  • The research study is titled " Global Automatic Number Plate Recognition Market " which encloses important data about the production, consumption, revenue and market share, merged with information related to the market scope and product overview. (express-press-release.net)
  • The report analyzes the global automatic number plate recognition (ANPR) market in terms of revenue (US$ Mn). (express-press-release.net)
  • The current impact of COVID-19 on the Wear Resistant Steel Plate market has also been discussed elaborately in the report with key emphasis on possible revenue generation outcomes if any. (express-press-release.net)
Maturity2
  • Colonies were proven to be the result of growth from a single cell and contained approximately 10(6) cells at maturity. (pnas.org)
  • Caption: Figure 3: Modifications of cytokine levels in relation to growth plate maturity, meniscal tears, and Lysholm scores. (thefreedictionary.com)
Agar plate2
  • I started by plating a small amount of homogenised sponge sample on an agar plate and incubating it at room temperature as I was instructed, no problems. (protocol-online.org)
  • Then I picked individual colonies from these plates and streaked each one onto a fresh agar plate using the 13 streak method, again, no problems. (protocol-online.org)
Risk for growth plate injuries1
  • Kids are especially at risk for growth plate injuries at the site of developing cartilage. (healingfeet.com)
Injury15
  • Fracture of the growth plate is the most common type of injury sustained to this portion of the bone. (faqs.org)
  • A common injury that occurs in young athletes that is very similar to a damaged growth plate is the patellar tendon ailment known as Osgood-Sclatter disease (OSD). (faqs.org)
  • In a growing child, a serious injury to a joint is more likely to damage a growth plate than the ligaments that stabilize the joint. (arthroscopy.com)
  • Injury from cold or frostbite can also damage the growth plate in children and result in short, stubby fingers or premature degenerative arthritis. (arthroscopy.com)
  • A type VI growth plate injury often involves lawn mowers, farm machinery, snowmobiles, or gunshot wounds. (nih.gov)
  • A broken bone in a child or adolescent should be treated more carefully than in an adult because of the risk of growth plate injury. (hss.edu)
  • If a growth plate injury is discovered, an MRI may also be useful to determine precisely where the plate has begun to close prematurely. (hss.edu)
  • Growth plates are significantly weaker than the surrounding tendons and ligaments and so are at increased risk of injury from any activity which loads the finger. (thebmc.co.uk)
  • Who Is at Risk for a Growth Plate Injury? (healingfeet.com)
  • Boys are twice as likely as girls to suffer a growth plate injury. (healingfeet.com)
  • As during the growing age of a child, these growth plates are extremely soft and tender and hence are vulnerable for various sorts of injury or trauma. (epainassist.com)
  • A crush injury involving the growth plate. (footdoc.ca)
  • Occasionally, after injury the growth plate will stop growing, and may require longer follow up or further treatment. (incapdns.net)
  • A growth plate injury prognosis has a wide variety of outcomes. (saltirelles.com)
  • The example is of a wrist, partly because about 50% of growth plate injures are at the wrist and partly because that is themost likely growth plate injury my patients will have. (togct.com)
Adult2
  • Thus, this analysis reveals a large number of novel genes that regulate human growth plate chondrogenesis and thereby contribute to the normal variations in human adult height. (ovid.com)
  • A person whose growth plates have closed has reached his or her final adult height. (newbornscreening.info)
Skeleton1
  • Complete Ossified Skeleton of a Dog Post Growth Plate Closure. (saltirelles.com)
Vulnerable1
  • Little League pitchers are especially vulnerable to growth plate injuries. (healingfeet.com)
Disruption3
  • It can easily replace tin on a production plating line with minimal process disruption. (ai-online.com)
  • No disruption of growth. (footdoc.ca)
  • There is usually no disruption of the growth plate, and it is usually treated like type I fractures. (footdoc.ca)
Factors11
  • This type of growth deformity should not be confused with bowleg or knock knees , which are caused by other factors. (hss.edu)
  • Local factors are necessary for intercellular communication and include cytokines and growth factors. (unu.edu)
  • In hard tissues another mechanism of control exists, where locally produced growth factors, or those in the circulation, are incorporated into mineralised matrix and are released during matrix dissolution by osteoclasts or chondroclasts. (unu.edu)
  • 1985). The major factors regulating IGF concentrations in serum are growth hormone, nutritional intake and thyroid hormones, the latter being necessary for growth hormone secretion. (unu.edu)
  • Initiatives undertaken by governments to incorporate new technologies in order to ensure safety in the public sector is one of the key factors driving growth in the global automatic number plate recognition market. (express-press-release.net)
  • A recent report on the Wear Resistant Steel Plate market published by FactMR elaborates on factors responsible for its growth. (express-press-release.net)
  • It offers short-term and long-term growth projections of the market, banking on in-depth analysis of the various growth factors that are shaping up the market performance and would continue to do so. (5gigs.com)
  • The age at which the growth plate closes depends on various factors like race, gender, and overall body habitus of the child. (epainassist.com)
  • The research report has incorporated the analysis of different factors that augment the market's growth. (marketresearchglobe.com)
  • The report has been curated after observing and studying various factors that determine regional growth such as economic, environmental, social, technological, and political status of the particular region. (marketresearchglobe.com)
  • Which factors are responsible for driving the global Brake Backing Plate market? (contrivedatuminsights.com)
Editorial: Elected leaders have water, growth and textbooks on their plates
Editorial: Elected leaders have water, growth and textbooks on their plates (naplesnews.com)
Operative Techniques In Hand Wrist And Forearm Surgery Pdf Growth Plate Fractures, knutsfordlitfest.org
Operative Techniques In Hand Wrist And Forearm Surgery Pdf Growth Plate Fractures, knutsfordlitfest.org (knutsfordlitfest.org)
Human Hairstyle Growth Plate Closure Age
Human Hairstyle Growth Plate Closure Age (ahsc-bonn.de)
Lawn mowers, ATVs and injury - Mayo Clinic
Lawn mowers, ATVs and injury - Mayo Clinic (mayoclinic.org)
Human hepatic stellate cell isolation and characterization | SpringerLink
Human hepatic stellate cell isolation and characterization | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Sri Vishnu (Narayan) 24c Gold Plate Yantra for Career Growth
Sri Vishnu (Narayan) 24c Gold Plate Yantra for Career Growth (astrodevam.com)
January-February 1991 - Volume 11 - Issue 1 : Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics
January-February 1991 - Volume 11 - Issue 1 : Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics (journals.lww.com)
Accumulation of Deleterious Mutations During Bacterial Range Expansions | Genetics
Accumulation of Deleterious Mutations During Bacterial Range Expansions | Genetics (genetics.org)
Types Of Fractures - Types, Causes and Treatment - Sports Injuries
Types Of Fractures - Types, Causes and Treatment - Sports Injuries (sportsinjuryclinic.net)
Health Information Center
Health Information Center (healthlibrary.epnet.com)
Kidshealth: Growth Plates | Akron Children's Hospital
Kidshealth: Growth Plates | Akron Children's Hospital (akronchildrens.org)
Growth and LC-PUFA production of the cold-adapted microalga Koliella antarctica in photobioreactors | SpringerLink
Growth and LC-PUFA production of the cold-adapted microalga Koliella antarctica in photobioreactors | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
The unfolded protein response has a protective role in yeast models of classic galactosemia | Disease Models & Mechanisms
The unfolded protein response has a protective role in yeast models of classic galactosemia | Disease Models & Mechanisms (dmm.biologists.org)
Developmental Dysplasia of the Hips (DDH) | HubPages
Developmental Dysplasia of the Hips (DDH) | HubPages (hubpages.com)
Anabolic Steroids - EliteFitness.com Bodybuilding Forums
Anabolic Steroids - EliteFitness.com Bodybuilding Forums (elitefitness.com)
Growth plates 'closing' -Doctors Lounge(TM)
Growth plates 'closing' -Doctors Lounge(TM) (doctorslounge.com)
Osteoclasts are not a source of SLIT3 | Bone Research
Osteoclasts are not a source of SLIT3 | Bone Research (nature.com)
Orthopedic Specialty Group - Riverton | Riverton Hospital
Orthopedic Specialty Group - Riverton | Riverton Hospital (intermountainhealthcare.org)
Frontiers | Effect of Total Flavonoids of Rhizoma drynariae on Tibial Dyschondroplasia by Regulating BMP-2 and Runx2 Expression...
Frontiers | Effect of Total Flavonoids of Rhizoma drynariae on Tibial Dyschondroplasia by Regulating BMP-2 and Runx2 Expression... (frontiersin.org)
Age-dependent modulation of vascular niches for haematopoietic stem cells | Nature
Age-dependent modulation of vascular niches for haematopoietic stem cells | Nature (nature.com)
Musculoskeletal Medicine - Orthogate Press
Musculoskeletal Medicine - Orthogate Press (orthogate.org)
Cartilage Disorders | MedlinePlus
Cartilage Disorders | MedlinePlus (medlineplus.gov)
Leg Injuries | Leg Disorders: MedlinePlus
Leg Injuries | Leg Disorders: MedlinePlus (medlineplus.gov)
An asymmetric centromeric nucleosome | eLife
An asymmetric centromeric nucleosome | eLife (elifesciences.org)
How Obesity Can Hurt Your Child's Muscles, Bones & Joints
How Obesity Can Hurt Your Child's Muscles, Bones & Joints (dellchildrens.net)
Broken Bones and Fractures in Children
Broken Bones and Fractures in Children (verywell.com)
Genetic Dissection of a QTL Affecting Bone Geometry | G3: Genes | Genomes | Genetics
Genetic Dissection of a QTL Affecting Bone Geometry | G3: Genes | Genomes | Genetics (g3journal.org)
Bone and Development | Felix Bronner | Springer
Bone and Development | Felix Bronner | Springer (springer.com)
Press Releases | Kodak
Press Releases | Kodak (kodak.com)
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Unfolding Protein Response-Apoptosis Cascade Causes Chondrodysplasia in a col2a1 p.Gly1170Ser...
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Unfolding Protein Response-Apoptosis Cascade Causes Chondrodysplasia in a col2a1 p.Gly1170Ser... (journals.plos.org)
Activation of NF-κB/p65 Facilitates Early Chondrogenic Differentiation during Endochondral Ossification
Activation of NF-κB/p65 Facilitates Early Chondrogenic Differentiation during Endochondral Ossification (journals.plos.org)
Nutrients | Free Full-Text | Dried Pomegranate Potentiates Anti-Osteoporotic and Anti-Obesity Activities of Red Clover Dry...
Nutrients | Free Full-Text | Dried Pomegranate Potentiates Anti-Osteoporotic and Anti-Obesity Activities of Red Clover Dry... (mdpi.com)
Structural phase transition in monolayer MoTe 2 driven by electrostatic doping | Nature
Structural phase transition in monolayer MoTe 2 driven by electrostatic doping | Nature (nature.com)