Pituitary gland

Head and neck anatomy

Adrenal gland

Pituitary gland - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Adrenal gland

Kidney

Anatomy

Hypophysis11

• Play media In vertebrate anatomy, the pituitary gland, or hypophysis, is an endocrine gland about the size of a pea and weighing 0.5 grams (0.018 oz) in humans. (wikipedia.org)
• The pituitary gland , or hypophysis , is an endocrine gland about the size of a pea that sits in the small, bony cavity ( sella turcica ) at the base of the brain . (academickids.com)
• The pituitary gland, or hypophysis , is a globular structure that measures approximately 10 × 15 × 5 mm and weighs approximately 0.5 g. (glowm.com)
• An explanation of the development of the pituitary gland (Hypophysis cerebri) & the congenital anomalies. (wikipedia.org)
• In vertebrate anatomy , the pituitary gland , or hypophysis , is an endocrine gland about the size of a pea and weighing 0.5 grams (0.018 oz) in humans. (wikipedia.org)
• The pituitary gland (also known as the ' hypophysis ') is one of the glands of the endocrine system , which consists of several glands whose function is to produce and release ('secret') chemical 'messengers' called hormones . (ivyroses.com)
• The pituitary gland, or hypophysis, is found at the base of the brain below the hypothalamus and the two structures are connected via the infundibulum, or pituitary stalk, which carries both axons and blood vessels. (slideplayer.com)
• Such hormones are produced by the hypothalamus, pituitary (hypophysis), parathyroid, pancreas, and the enteroendocrine cells of the gastrointestinal tract and lungs. (meduweb.com)
• The hypophysis (pituitary endocrine gland) is a reddish-gray, somewhat oval mass. (tdmuv.com)
• The hypophysis consists of anterior (adenohypophysis) part and posterior (neuorohypophysis) part. (tdmuv.com)
• The pituitary gland (or hypophysis ) is an important part of the endocrine system . (wikipedia.org)

Secrete20

• The tissues in the anterior lobe consist of extensive vascular areas interspersed among glandular cells that secrete at least six different hormones. (thefreedictionary.com)
• Its chief function is to stimulate the cortex of the adrenal gland to secrete adrenocortical steroids, chief among them cortisone. (thefreedictionary.com)
• The cells of ductless glands secrete specific molecules into the adjacent interstitial space (paracrine glands) or into the blood stream (endocrine glands), while the cells of ducted glands (exocrine glands) secrete into a cylindrical sac (tubular glands) or into a flask-shaped sac (alveolar glands). (thefreedictionary.com)
• The cells of ductless glands secrete specific molecules into the adjacent interstitial space (paracrine glands) or into the bloodstream (endocrine glands). (tabers.com)
• The cells of ducted glands (exocrine glands) secrete into a cylindrical sac (tubular glands) or into a flask-shaped sac (alveolar glands). (tabers.com)
• The anterior pituitary contains several different types of cells that synthesize and secrete hormones. (wikipedia.org)
• Thyrotropic cells are located in the midportion of the anterior pituitary and secrete thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), or thyrotropin. (glowm.com)
• The (exocrine) glands secrete saliva for proper mixing of food and provides enzymes to start chemical digestion. (wikipedia.org)
• This system is made up of glands that secrete hormones into the lymph system, also known as the bloodstream. (termpaperwarehouse.com)
• Glands such as the thyroid and adrenal secrete hormones that affect human behavior. (termpaperwarehouse.com)
• thyroid stimulating hormone, which stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete thyroid hormones. (yourhormones.info)
• Some pituitary tumors secrete too much GH which causes gigantism in children and acromegaly in adults. (gmbhnews.com)
• The releasing factors stimulate the pituitary to secrete its hormones. (biozoomer.com)
• It stimulates the cortex of adrenal gland to secrete gluco, mineral and sex corticoids. (biozoomer.com)
• It stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete thyroxine. (biozoomer.com)
• In female human being prolactin stimulates the mammary glands to secrete milk after the birth of the child. (biozoomer.com)
• A rise of calcium concentration induces the thyroid gland to secrete calcitonin, which lowers the calcium concentration by increasing bone deposition and reducing the calcium uptake in the intestine and the kidneys. (charleszaremba.com)
• It consists of different endocrine glands that secrete different hormones. (weebly.com)
• These glands secrete a variety of hormones, which travel to specific target organs via the bloodstream. (kenhub.com)
• Polypeptide secreted by anterior pituitary that stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol. (onlineherbalist.com.au)

Stalk13

• of the brain, to which it remains attached by the hypophyseal, or pituitary, stalk. (thefreedictionary.com)
• The posterior pituitary (or neurohypophysis) is a lobe of the gland that is functionally connected to the hypothalamus by the median eminence via a small tube called the pituitary stalk (also called the infundibular stalk or the infundibulum). (wikipedia.org)
• The pituitary gland, or master gland, is attached to the hypothalamus by a stalk and is positioned below it in the hypophyseal fossa of the sphenoid bone. (writework.com)
• It is physically attached to the brain by the pituitary , or hypophyseal stalk connected with the median eminence . (academickids.com)
• It lies within the cavity of the sella turcica and is attached to the base of the brain by a pituitary stalk. (glowm.com)
• The pars tuberalis, a thin layer of cells that overlies the anterior surface of the pituitary stalk, also develops from Rathke' pouch. (glowm.com)
• The remainder of this neuroectodermal derivative gives rise to the infundibulum, or pituitary stalk, and the median eminence. (glowm.com)
• The pituitary gland hangs from the base of the brain and is attached to the hypothalamus (part of the brain) by a short stalk-like structure called the infundibulum and also known as the infundibular stem and the pituitary stalk , which consists of many nerve fibres (axons). (ivyroses.com)
• These neurons produce the hormones vasopressin and oxytocin which are transported down the pituitary stalk into the posterior pituitary. (aans.org)
• It is attached to the dorsal wall of diencephalon by pineal stalk. (biozoomer.com)
• 6 The median eminence The median eminence comprises the base of the hypothalamus and is continuous with the pituitary stalk. (slideplayer.com)
• It is functionally linked to the hypothalamus by the pituitary stalk (also called the infundibulum ). (wikipedia.org)
• The hypothalamus releases factors down the pituitary stalk to the pituitary gland where they cause the release of pituitary hormones . (wikipedia.org)

Adenohypophysis10

• The anterior lobe, or adenohypophysis, grows upward from the pharyngeal tissue at the roof of the mouth. (thefreedictionary.com)
• The anterior pituitary (or adenohypophysis) is a lobe of the gland that regulates several physiological processes (including stress, growth, reproduction, and lactation). (wikipedia.org)
• Some of the six hormones secreted by the adenohypophysis, (anterior pituitary lobe), stimulate or inhibit secretion by other target endocrine glands while others have a direct effect on specific tissues. (writework.com)
• The production of GH by the adenohypophysis is dependent on the hypothalamus and whether it synthesises growth hormone releasing hormone, (GHRH) or growth hormone release inhibiting hormone, (GHRIH). (writework.com)
• Structurally, the pituitary is composed primarily of an anterior (adenohypophysis) lobe and posterior (neurohypophysis) lobe, which represent the embryonic consolidation of two ectodermal primordia. (glowm.com)
• 2). Adenohypophysis ( anterior lobe). (charleszaremba.com)
• The pars anterior and the pars intermedia are together called adenohypophysis. (weebly.com)
• Adenohypophysis has three portions: anterior (or pars distalis ), pars intermedia and pars tuberalis . (tdmuv.com)
• Anterior lobe (adenohypophysis) - major portion of gland (about 75% of total pituitary gland). (uab.edu)
• Embryologically, the major divisions of the pituitary gland are the adenohypophysis (the glandular epithelial part of the pituitary gland) and the neurohypophysis (the neural portion of the pituitary gland). (uab.edu)

Pancreas4

• These are made up of proteins or peptides e.g. hormones of hypothalamus, pituitary, parathyroid, pancreas and relaxin of ovary. (biozoomer.com)
• Peripheral endocrine glands (thyroid, pancreas, adrenals, gonads) form early in the second month from epithelial/mesenchye interactions and differentiate into the third month. (edu.au)
• This term conveys the distance of the site of secretion from the site of action that characterized the systems, such as the pancreas, the thyroid, and the reproductive glands that were studied in the early days of endocrinology. (scribd.com)
• The root of the transverse mesocolon and the splenic flexure are situated anterior to the left kidney, stomach, spleen, and pancreas. (lecturio.com)

Hormone46

• The intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland releases a hormone that stimulates the melanocytes, cells which control pigmentation - like skin color - through the production of melanin. (healthline.com)
• What Hormone Does the Thymus Gland Produce? (reference.com)
• The growth hormone growth hormone or somatotropin , glycoprotein hormone released by the anterior pituitary gland that is necessary for normal skeletal growth in humans (see protein). (thefreedictionary.com)
• Adrenocorticotropic hormone adrenocorticotropic hormone , polypeptide hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. (thefreedictionary.com)
• TSH), hormone released by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the thyroid gland to release thyroxine. (thefreedictionary.com)
• Usually there is one type of cell for each major hormone formed in anterior pituitary. (wikipedia.org)
• With special stains attached to high-affinity antibodies that bind with distinctive hormone, at least 5 types of cells can be differentiated. (wikipedia.org)
• When the hypothalamus detects a change of hormone level in the blood it produces a hormone, which in turn stimulates the anterior pituitary lobe to release more of its own chemical messenger. (writework.com)
• Not infrequently, patients with acromegaly and a growth hormone-secreting pituitary tumor exhibit excess production of prolactin. (glowm.com)
• They move through blood vessels to the anterior lobe, where each releasing factor is responsible for the release of a specific pituitary hormone. (com.pk)
• Oversecretion of the pituitary hormone human growth hormone can cause gigantism if it occurs before growth of the long bones is complete, or acromegaly if it begins during adulthood. (com.pk)
• Cortisol regulates carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism, and its secretion is controlled by the output of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary gland. (com.pk)
• It is referred to as the body's 'master gland' because it controls the activity of most other hormone-secreting glands. (yourhormones.info)
• Each of these hormones is made by a separate type of cell within the pituitary gland, except for follicle stimulating hormone and luteinising hormone , which are made together by the same cell. (yourhormones.info)
• This means that the symptoms experienced when the pituitary gland stops working correctly can be different, depending on which hormone is affected. (yourhormones.info)
• Conditions that cause the pituitary gland to produce too much of one or more hormone(s). (yourhormones.info)
• Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) - ACTH triggers the adrenal glands to release hormones such as cortisol and aldosterone . (aans.org)
• In neuroendocrinology, an endocrine gland can't make a hormone without activation from a pituitary-stimulating hormone. (chiropracticscientist.com)
• The pituitary-stimulating hormone helps regulate hormones by secreting them to the endocrine glands. (chiropracticscientist.com)
• This hormone is involved by coordinating the signal regulation of the hypothalamus, the pituitary, and the thyroid. (chiropracticscientist.com)
• This is a protein hormone in the anterior lobe. (chiropracticscientist.com)
• The three glycoprotein hormones from the anterior pituitary, thyroid stimulating hormone ( TSH ), luteinizing hormone ( LH ) and follicle-stimulating hormone ( FSH ), share a common α subunit but have distinct β subunits, and only the αβ dimer is biologically active. (nih.gov)
• As a review, growth hormone is secreted by the pituitary gland. (gmbhnews.com)
• Not all patients suspected of having GHD,however, require a GH stimulation test for diagnosis.Patients with three or more pituitary hormone deficiencies and an IGF-I level below the reference range have a 97% chance of being GHD, and therefore do not need a GH stimulation test. (gmbhnews.com)
• The growth hormone is probably the only anterior pituitary hormone which does not stimulate any other endocrine gland. (biozoomer.com)
• For example, insufficient maternal dietary iodine impacts on fetal thyroid gland thyroid hormone production, which in turn can lead to abnormal neural development. (edu.au)
• Although classification of cells as acidophils or basophils is useful in some situations, specific identification of anterior pituitary cells requires immunostaining for the hormone in question. (meduweb.com)
• Long day-induced PT TSH acts on ependymal cells in the mediobasal hypothalamus to induce the expression of type 2 deiodinase (Dio2) and reduce type 3 deiodinase (Dio3) that are thyroid hormone-activating and hormone-inactivating enzymes, respectively. (jove.com)
• Previously, we demonstrated a pronounced inhibitory effect of vasopressin (VP), released from SCN terminals in the dorsomedial hypothalamus, on the release of the adrenal hormone corticosterone. (jneurosci.org)
• In rats, the major adrenal steroid that is secreted is corticosterone, and this secretion is directly stimulated by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion from corticotrophs in the anterior pituitary gland. (jneurosci.org)
• Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH): Stimulates cells in the anterior pituitary gland to produce and release thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). (weebly.com)
• Lutenising Hormone Releasing Hormone (LH-RH)- stimulates pituitary to release lutenising hormone (LH). (weebly.com)
• Prolactin Release- Inhibiting Hormone (PR-IH): Inhibits the secretion of prolactin from pituitary. (weebly.com)
• In humans, the major sites of steroid hormone production are the adrenal gland and the gonads. (clinlabint.com)
• A hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that acts primarily on the adrenal cortex, stimulating its growth and its secretion of corticosteroids. (rfcom.ca)
• Abarelix directly and competitively binds to and blocks the gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor in the anterior pituitary gland, thereby inhibiting the secretion and release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). (cancer.gov)
• Cortisol - A steroid hormone, more specifically a glucocorticoid, which is produced by the adrenal glands. (beingfertileprogram.com)
• BPA deleterious effects are more critical during perinatal exposure, causing dysregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis in pups and adults, with a precocious maturation of the axis through a damage of GnRH pulsatility, gonadotropin signaling and sex steroid hormone production. (biomedcentral.com)
• In this study, we investigated the expression of the kisspeptin system and gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse regulators in the hypothalamus as well as factors related to luteinizing hormone secretion in the pituitary of polycystic ovary syndrome rat models induced by testosterone or estradiol. (bvsalud.org)
• In additional to suppressing the degenerative properties of myostatin, follistatin also suppresses the pituitary gland synthesis and secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). (steroid-powders.com)
• One transgenic model (a-GSU-CRF-BP) was created using CRF-BP cDNA linked to the pituitary glycoprotein hormone a-subunit (a-GSU) promoter to specifically enhance anterior pituitary expression (Burrows et al, 1998). (doctorabel.us)
• Condition marked by weakness, low blood pressure, and dark pigmentation due to inadequate hormone secretion by adrenal glands. (onlineherbalist.com.au)
• Hormone secreted by the adrenal gland, which produces the "fight-or-flight" response. (onlineherbalist.com.au)
• aldosterone: A hormone secreted by the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland, which causes the retention of sodium and the secretion of potassium. (onlineherbalist.com.au)
• A hormone produced by the anterior pituitary that stimulates the adrenal cortex to release several hormones including cortisol. (panditnext.com)
• Stress initiates hypothalamic release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), which stimulates secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone from the pituitary and thereby increased glucocorticoid production by the adrenal cortex. (deepdyve.com)

Infundibulum2

• The magnocellular neurosecretory cells of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei located in the hypothalamus that project axons down the infundibulum to terminals in the posterior pituitary. (wikipedia.org)
• It is attached to the end of the infundibulum, and is situated in the fossa hypophyseos of the sphenoidal bone, where it is retained by a circular fold of dura mater, the diaphragma sellae. (tdmuv.com)

Prolactin2

• For example, the pituitary gland produces prolactin , which acts on the breasts to induce milk production. (yourhormones.info)
• These data indicate that the decrease in prolactin production occurs via activation of the nitrergic system and is an early effect of methylmercury in cells of pituitary origin. (bvsalud.org)

Neurons4

• However, it does contain the nerve endings of brain cells ( neurons ) that arise from the hypothalamus. (aans.org)
• The source of the vasopressin is the magnocellular neurons of the hypothalamus, which send axons to the neurohypophysis, which is the site of release into the blood, in classic neurosecretory fashion. (nih.gov)
• Axons and terminals of other neurons with cell bodies lying outside the hypothalamus and axons passing through from extrahypothalamic neurons. (slideplayer.com)
• Both parvocellular and magnocellular AVT-containing neurons are present in multiple populations located mainly in the basal forebrain from the accumbens-amygdala area to the preoptic area and hypothalamus, from which originate widespread fiber connections spanning the brain with a particularly heavy innervation of areas associated with social behavior and decision-making. (frontiersin.org)

Produces10

• It produces its own hormones and stores other types of hormones that control other gland systems throughout the body. (reference.com)
• Each section of the pituitary produces its own specific hormones. (reference.com)
• Each lobe of the pituitary gland produces certain hormones. (medcentral.org)
• The pituitary gland produces FSH and LH, which kick-starts the production of the sex hormones. (reference.com)
• The pituitary gland is called the 'master gland' as the hormones it produces control so many different processes in the body. (yourhormones.info)
• The pituitary gland is an important gland in the body and the hormones it produces carry out varied tasks and regulate the function of many other organs. (yourhormones.info)
• The anterior pituitary gland produces 6 hormones that circulate to their respective targets in the body. (chiropracticscientist.com)
• During childhood-causes Gigantism - produces healthy giant size persons called pituitary giants. (weebly.com)
• Mixed Endocrine Glands have an endocrine portion that produces hormones and an exocrine portion that produces non-endocrine products that pass out of the gland via a duct system. (uab.edu)
• Each gland has an outer cortex which produces steroid hormones and an inner medulla . (wikipedia.org)

ACTH1

• In methadonetreated patients, ACTH produced by the pituitary stimulates the adrenal gland to produce cortisol. (doctorabel.us)

Cortisol2

• The adrenal glands (also known as suprarenal glands ) are endocrine glands that produce a variety of hormones including adrenaline and the steroids aldosterone and cortisol . (wikipedia.org)
• There are also reports of low normal or subnormal plasma-cortisol levels in heroin users and disturbances in the daytime cortisol secretion from the adrenal gland in methadone-maintained patients. (doctorabel.us)

Regulates4

• The pituitary gland regulates and releases certain hormones in the body. (reference.com)
• However, the pituitary gland itself also has a 'master', which is the hypothalamus , the region of the brain that regulates the interaction of the endocrine system and the nervous system. (ivyroses.com)
• Melatonin secreted by the pineal gland at night decodes night length and regulates seasonal physiology and behavior. (jove.com)
• In scientific terms, it is known as the master gland because it regulates and controls the rate at which the other glands release their hormones and the timing of the release. (creativeenergyhealing.com)

Lateral7

• These cells are located in the lateral wings of the anterior pituitary. (glowm.com)
• GH is secreted by the somatotroph cells located primarily in the lateral wings of the anterior lobe. (chiropracticscientist.com)
• The superior brachium from the superior colliculus attaches to the lateral geniculate bodies. (tdmuv.com)
• It allows blood to drain from the lateral aspects of anterior cerebral hemispheres to the confluence of sinuses. (aoscan.com)
• It drains blood from lateral and anterior parts of the cerebrum into the confluence of sinuses. (aoscan.com)
• This is a thin, triangular, vertical double membrane separating the anterior horns of the left and right lateral ventricles of the brain. (aoscan.com)
• Each cranial nerve is also given a Figure 23.4 Frontal Section of the Brain Figure 23.4 Frontal Section of the Brain Corpus callosum Fornix Gray matter Hypothalamus Insula Lateral ventricle Longitudinal cerebral fissure Pituitary gland Thalamus Third . (guwsmedical.info)

Hypophyseal1

• The 10X micrograph exhibits the three different lobes of the pituitary gland with the hypophyseal cleft separating pars intermedia and pars distalis. (meduweb.com)

Oxytocin4

• and oxytocin, which aids in the release of milk from mammary glands and causes uterine contractions. (com.pk)
• releases oxytocin and ADH made by the hypothalamus. (charleszaremba.com)
• For example, uterine contractions stimulate the release of oxytocin from the posterior pituitary, which, in turn, increases uterine contractions. (wikipedia.org)
• 5) Oxytocin (i) It aids in the contraction of the female uterine muscles during pregnancy (ii) It affects mammary gland after birth by causing milk let-down or milk production (iii) It promotes the transport of spermatozoa in the female genital tract. (fabioclass.com)

Blood vessels3

• Endocrine cells of the anterior pituitary are controlled by regulatory hormones released by parvocellular neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamic capillaries leading to infundibular blood vessels, which in turn lead to a second capillary bed in the anterior pituitary. (wikipedia.org)
• The anterior pituitary gland is connected to the brain by short blood vessels. (yourhormones.info)
• The anterior (front) lobe and the posterior (back) lobes are attached to the hypothalamus through a cable made of blood vessels and axon (neural connectors) that allow for direct communication. (creativeenergyhealing.com)

Below the hypothalamus3

• The pituitary gland is a pea-sized structure located at the base of the brain, just below the hypothalamus, to which it is attached via nerve fibers. (healthline.com)
• It is directly below the hypothalamus and is attached to the hypothalamus by nerve fibers. (reference.com)
• The pituitary is a small pea-shaped gland situated below the hypothalamus [ventral wall of diencephalon]. (biozoomer.com)

Optic chiasm2

• Superiorly, the sellar diaphragm, which is formed by condensation of the dura, separates the gland from the optic chiasm, the hypothalamus, and other cranial structures. (glowm.com)
• 4 The hypothalamus is located in the brain, at the base of the optic chiasm. (slideplayer.com)

Suprarenal gland2

• adrenal gland or suprarenal gland is about 2 in. (com.pk)
• Blood supply of the suprarenal gland. (spotidoc.com)

Stimulate1

• Hormones produced by the anterior lobe regulate growth, and stimulate the adrenal and thyroid glands, as well as the ovaries and testes. (healthline.com)

Master gland8

• The pituitary gland is sometimes called the "master" gland of the endocrine system, because it controls the functions of the other endocrine glands. (medcentral.org)
• The pituitary gland is known as the master gland of the endocrine system as it controls all of the other endocrine glands, stimulating them to produce their own hormones. (naturaltherapypages.co.nz)
• It is sometimes called the master gland of the body because all the other endocrine glands depend on its secretions for stimulation (see endocrine system endocrine system , body control system composed of a group of glands that maintain a stable internal environment by producing chemical regulatory substances called hormones. (thefreedictionary.com)
• For a while, this led scientists to call it the master gland , but now we know that it is in fact regulated by releasing hormones from the hypothalamus . (academickids.com)
• The pituitary gland has been called the ' master gland ' of the human endocrine system because it secrets some hormones that control other endocrine glands by stimulating them to release specific hormones. (ivyroses.com)
• The pituitary is often called the "master gland" because it controls the secretion of most of the hormones in the body. (aans.org)
• The pituitary gland is known as the "master gland" since it controls the activity of the other endocrine glands and it consists of 3 parts known as the anterior, intermediate and posterior lobes. (chiropracticscientist.com)
• The term "master gland" is frequently applied to the pituitary gland because its hormonal secretions control essential body functions such as body growth, sexual development and maturation and reproduction and regulate the activities of the adrenals and thyroids. (uab.edu)

Consists4

• The hypothalamus consists of nervous tissue lying inferior to the two lobes of the thalamus. (slideplayer.com)
• In most endocrine glands the parenchyma consists of epithelial cells, most commonly arranged as cords, which comprise the major portion of the gland. (uab.edu)
• The stroma or connective tissue element of the gland consists of a few collagenous fibers with associated fibroblasts and reticular fibers and is generally sparse with respect to the parenchyma. (uab.edu)
• The pituitary gland consists of two parts: the anterior pituitary and the posterior pituitary. (wikipedia.org)

Testes2

• Human male anatomy The testicles, known medically as testes (singular testis), are the male generative glands in animals. (statemaster.com)
• The discovery of significant concentrations of lycopene in specific tissues in the body, i.e., plasma, testes, adrenal glands, liver and kidney, suggests that lycopene may play a role in these tissues. (doctorabel.us)

Nerve8

• The gland is attached to the hypothalamus (a part of the brain that affects the pituitary gland) by nerve fibers. (medcentral.org)
• It is found at the base of the brain just behind the nose and it is attached to the hypothalamus by nerve fibres. (naturaltherapypages.co.nz)
• It is structurally continuous with the hypothalamus hypothalamus , an important supervisory center in the brain, rich in ganglia, nerve fibers, and synaptic connections. (thefreedictionary.com)
• The release of each of the hormones from the anterior lobe is controlled by a specific substance secreted by nerve cells in the hypothalamus. (com.pk)
• The melanotrophs are richly supplied by nerve fibers that originate from the hypothalamus. (chiropracticscientist.com)
• Probably the first neuropeptide to be identified was vasopressin, a nine-amino-acid peptide secreted by the nerve endings in the neural lobe of the pituitary. (nih.gov)
• The anatomy of the submandibular salivary gland including its blood & nerve supply. (spotidoc.com)
• The cranial nerves are given a number which indicates the order in which they arise from the brain (cranial nerve I is anterior most and cranial nerve XII is posterior most). (guwsmedical.info)

Neural6

• In all animals, the fleshy, glandular anterior pituitary is distinct from the neural composition of the posterior pituitary, which is an extension of the hypothalamus. (wikipedia.org)
• The neural structures of the median eminence contains a capillary plexus connected with the hypothalamo-pituitary portal system. (slideplayer.com)
• 9 The anterior pituitary is derived from oral epithelium from the roof of the mouth cavity, which migrates upwards towards the neural tube It sits in the sella turcica which is a depression of the sphenoid bone at the base of the skull and lies behind the sphenoid sinus. (slideplayer.com)
• The pituitary gland has three well-defined regions: pars distalis (anterior lobe), pars intermedia (intermediate lobe), pars nervosa (neural lobe or neurohypophysis). (meduweb.com)
• The pituitary gland is of dual origin, being derived partly from Rathke's pouch, (the embryonic invagination of ectoderm of the oral cavity) and partly from an invagination (diverticulum) of the diencephalon brain wall (neural ectoderm). (uab.edu)
• failure of the anterior end of the neural tube to close, prevents the brain from developing. (studystack.com)

Kidneys8

• Hormones secreted from the pituitary gland help control: growth, blood pressure, management of energy, all functions of the sex organs, thyroid glands and metabolism as well as some aspects of pregnancy, childbirth, nursing, water/salt concentration at the kidneys, temperature regulation and pain relief. (wikipedia.org)
• The adrenal glands sit atop the kidneys. (writework.com)
• The adrenal glands lie above the kidneys. (wikipedia.org)
• The adrenal glands are located on both sides of the body in the retroperitoneum , above and slightly medial to the kidneys . (wikipedia.org)
• The adrenal glands are surrounded by a fatty capsule and lie within the renal fascia , which also surrounds the kidneys. (wikipedia.org)
• A weak septum (wall) of connective tissue separates the glands from the kidneys. (wikipedia.org)
• Physiologically, the kidneys have moving flexibility of about 3-4 cm, depending on the posture of the body and the movement of the diaphragm during breathing, because the kidneys are not firmly attached to the back of the abdominal wall. (lecturio.com)
• The kidneys, the adrenal glands, and the ureters are retroperitoneal organs. (lecturio.com)

Base of the hypothalamus1

• an appendage at the base of the hypothalamus consisting of 2 lobes. (charleszaremba.com)

Axons1

• Neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus have axons that go right down into the posterior pituitary. (wikipedia.org)

Sella5

• The pituitary gland, in humans, is a pea-sized gland that sits in a protective bony enclosure called the sella turcica. (wikipedia.org)
• Located at the base of the skull , the pituitary gland is protected by a bony structure called the sella turcica . (academickids.com)
• The pituitary gland hangs in two parts called 'lobes' that rest in and are protected by the pituitary fossa* , which is also called the sella turicica , and is a deep saddle-shaped depression in the superior (i.e. upper) surface of the sphenoid bone immediately below the pituitary gland. (ivyroses.com)
• The pituitary is a small gland attached to the base of the brain (behind the nose) in an area called the pituitary fossa or sella turcica . (aans.org)
• The anterior pituitary gland is located in the sella turcica and is controlled by the hypothalamus in the brain. (chiropracticscientist.com)

Carrying the secretion1

• Other secretory mechanisms include holocrine (in which the gland cell membrane disintegrates to release its secretion), apocrine (in which the ends of the gland cells pinch off, carrying the secretion), and direct active transport of particular molecules across the gland cell membrane. (thefreedictionary.com)

Stored in the posterior1

• Two hormones are produced by the hypothalamus and then stored in the posterior pituitary gland before being secreted into the bloodstream. (yourhormones.info)

Secretion of pituitary hormones2

• Unfortunately, because this classification is based on conventional staining techniques, it is limited and cannot account for the secretion of pituitary hormones encountered in various physiologic and pathologic conditions. (glowm.com)
• In contrast to vasopressin and CCK, the hypothalamic releasing factors are peptides released into a special portal blood system that bathes the anterior pituitary, controlling the secretion of pituitary hormones. (nih.gov)

Adrenal cortex2

• Each adrenal gland has two distinct parts, each with a unique function, the outer adrenal cortex and the inner medulla , both of which produce hormones. (wikipedia.org)
• The adrenal cortex is the outermost layer of the adrenal gland. (wikipedia.org)

Lobes of the pituitary1

• However, whereas in some animals the three lobes of the pituitary are distinct, in humans the intermediate lobe is only a few cells thick and is often considered part of the anterior pituitary lobe - it is useful to include this information if mentioning the intermediate pituitary in descriptions for introductory anatomy courses . (ivyroses.com)

Function of the pituitary2

• What is the function of the pituitary gland? (reference.com)
• The function of the pituitary can be compared to that of a household thermostat. (aans.org)

Connective tissue3

• The entire gland is enclosed in a tough connective tissue capsule from which trabeculae extend into the cortex. (thefreedictionary.com)
• end hair' piece of connective tissue that attaches the spinal cord to the coccyx. (studystack.com)
• Cells in this layer form oval groups, separated by thin strands of connective tissue from the fibrous capsule of the gland and carry wide capillaries . (wikipedia.org)

Hormones From the Pituitary1

• Based primarily on the pioneering work of the late Hans Selye, the stress response has become somewhat synonymous with the release of hormones from the pituitary and adrenal glands. (doctorabel.us)

Tissues4

• These, in turn, act on a host of target tissues including the brain and pituitary gland. (slideplayer.com)
• The endocrine glands produce hormones, which are distributed by the vascular system to the many body tissues, subsequently these organs are richly vascularized. (edu.au)
• It has also been shown that regeneration of flatworm anterior body fragments are stimulated by RFa ( 13 ), further supporting a role for RFa in development of tissues in lower metazoans. (frontiersin.org)
• Serous membranes are epithelial cells attached tosmall amounts of areola connective tissues. (martin-plowman.com)

Gonads2

• The information is proessed, amplified, transduced to a humoral signal and transmitted to the anterior pituitary gland where it is further amplified and transmitted via the gonadotrophic hormones to gonads. (slideplayer.com)
• The anterior lobe is in charge of regulating the activity of the thyroid gland, the adrenal glands, and the gonads. (creativeenergyhealing.com)

Cause the pituitary1

• Even if the tumor does not do that, surgery to remove a tumor may cause the pituitary to quit or lessen its secretion of GH. (gmbhnews.com)

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal2

• Birth in many animal species and in humans is associated with activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function in the fetus and the increased influence of glucocorticoids on trophoblast cells of the placenta and fetal membranes. (bioone.org)
• The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is one pathway that is activated in response to stress. (deepdyve.com)

Anatomy1

• The anatomy and content of paro#d gland. (spotidoc.com)

Median1

• It does this in response to a variety of chemical signals from the hypothalamus, including TRH, CRH, DA, GnRH, and GHRH, which travel to the anterior lobe by way of a special capillary system from the hypothalamus, down the median eminence, to the anterior lobe. (academickids.com)

Pars intermedia and pars distalis1

• Slide 203 (H&E) shows at least three of the important anatomical-physiological areas of the pituitary gland: the pars nervosa, pars intermedia and pars distalis. (uab.edu)

Organs7

• It senses the body's needs and sends signals to different organs and glands throughout the body to regulate their function and maintain an appropriate environment. (yourhormones.info)
• The pituitary constantly monitors bodily functions and sends signals to remote organs and glands to monitor their function and maintain the appropriate environment. (aans.org)
• The pituitary gland performs its key functions by releasing several signaling hormones that consequently control the activities of other organs. (aans.org)
• They are secreted through the endocrine glands and travel through the bloodstream to different organs in the body to function properly. (chiropracticscientist.com)
• The main control center for the organs in the endocrine system is the hypothalamus in the brain . (kenhub.com)
• They are secreted by ductless glands in the body and transferred through the blood to the target organs on which they exert their effects. (fabioclass.com)
• Brain Blood Flow- Brain is a huge amount of the mass of body (in relation to many other body organs) (makes up about 2% of total body weight) (makes up about 20% of blood supply to brain) brain is a huge consumer- 20% of oxygen/glucose (energy) -Arteries- oxygenated blood- red -Internal carotid artery- large supply of blood to brain (anterior portion of brain) -Vertebral arteries- supply posterior portion of brain. (scribd.com)

Release of hormones1

• Diffusing out of the second capillary bed, the hypothalamic releasing hormones then bind to anterior pituitary endocrine cells, upregulating or downregulating their release of hormones. (wikipedia.org)

Pineal gland6

• Till recently, it was beleived that the pineal gland found in man was a vestigeal organ. (biozoomer.com)
• In mammals, light information received by the eyes is transmitted to the pineal gland via the circadian pacemaker, i.e., the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). (jove.com)
• Although the amplitude of clock gene (Per1, Cry1) expression was greatly attenuated in the SCN, the expression profile of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase, a rate-limiting melatonin synthesis enzyme, was unaffected in the pineal gland, and robust photoperiodic responses of the Tshb, Dio2, and Dio3 genes were observed. (jove.com)
• Until the pineal gland tells the body to act, it doesn't act. (creativeenergyhealing.com)
• The last gland to be discovered by modern science and the least understood, the pineal gland is in charge of your body's natural sleep/wake cycle. (creativeenergyhealing.com)
• It is the job of the pineal gland to take the information collected from the eyes and pass it on so that the other systems can interpret and make sense of what to do about it. (creativeenergyhealing.com)