Gestational age. Medical search

The age of the conceptus, beginning from the time of FERTILIZATION. In clinical obstetrics, the gestational age is often estimated as the time from the last day of the last MENSTRUATION which is about 2 weeks before OVULATION and fertilization.

An infant having a birth weight lower than expected for its gestational age.

An infant during the first month after birth.

A human infant born before 37 weeks of GESTATION.

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual at BIRTH. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.

The visualization of tissues during pregnancy through recording of the echoes of ultrasonic waves directed into the body. The procedure may be applied with reference to the mother or the fetus and with reference to organs or the detection of maternal or fetal disease.

CHILDBIRTH before 37 weeks of PREGNANCY (259 days from the first day of the mother's last menstrual period, or 245 days after FERTILIZATION).

Results of conception and ensuing pregnancy, including LIVE BIRTH; STILLBIRTH; SPONTANEOUS ABORTION; INDUCED ABORTION. The outcome may follow natural or artificial insemination or any of the various ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNIQUES, such as EMBRYO TRANSFER or FERTILIZATION IN VITRO.

The failure of a FETUS to attain its expected FETAL GROWTH at any GESTATIONAL AGE.

An infant having a birth weight of 2500 gm. (5.5 lb.) or less but INFANT, VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT is available for infants having a birth weight of 1500 grams (3.3 lb.) or less.

The middle third of a human PREGNANCY, from the beginning of the 15th through the 28th completed week (99 to 196 days) of gestation.

The unborn young of a viviparous mammal, in the postembryonic period, after the major structures have been outlined. In humans, the unborn young from the end of the eighth week after CONCEPTION until BIRTH, as distinguished from the earlier EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

The last third of a human PREGNANCY, from the beginning of the 29th through the 42nd completed week (197 to 294 days) of gestation.

Morphological and physiological development of FETUSES.

An infant whose weight at birth is less than 1500 grams (3.3 lbs), regardless of gestational age.

Onset of OBSTETRIC LABOR before term (TERM BIRTH) but usually after the FETUS has become viable. In humans, it occurs sometime during the 29th through 38th week of PREGNANCY. TOCOLYSIS inhibits premature labor and can prevent the BIRTH of premature infants (INFANT, PREMATURE).

Conditions or pathological processes associated with pregnancy. They can occur during or after pregnancy, and range from minor discomforts to serious diseases that require medical interventions. They include diseases in pregnant females, and pregnancies in females with diseases.

In utero measurement corresponding to the sitting height (crown to rump) of the fetus. Length is considered a more accurate criterion of the age of the fetus than is the weight. The average crown-rump length of the fetus at term is 36 cm. (From Williams Obstetrics, 18th ed, p91)

The beginning third of a human PREGNANCY, from the first day of the last normal menstrual period (MENSTRUATION) through the completion of 14 weeks (98 days) of gestation.

A clear, yellowish liquid that envelopes the FETUS inside the sac of AMNION. In the first trimester, it is likely a transudate of maternal or fetal plasma. In the second trimester, amniotic fluid derives primarily from fetal lung and kidney. Cells or substances in this fluid can be removed for prenatal diagnostic tests (AMNIOCENTESIS).

Hospital units providing continuing surveillance and care to acutely ill newborn infants.

CHILDBIRTH at the end of a normal duration of PREGNANCY, between 37 to 40 weeks of gestation or about 280 days from the first day of the mother's last menstrual period.

The heart of the fetus of any viviparous animal. It refers to the heart in the postembryonic period and is differentiated from the embryonic heart (HEART/embryology) only on the basis of time.

Pathophysiological conditions of the FETUS in the UTERUS. Some fetal diseases may be treated with FETAL THERAPIES.

The age of the mother in PREGNANCY.

A method, developed by Dr. Virginia Apgar, to evaluate a newborn's adjustment to extrauterine life. Five items - heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and color - are evaluated 60 seconds after birth and again five minutes later on a scale from 0-2, 0 being the lowest, 2 being normal. The five numbers are added for the Apgar score. A score of 0-3 represents severe distress, 4-7 indicates moderate distress, and a score of 7-10 predicts an absence of difficulty in adjusting to extrauterine life.

A bilateral retinopathy occurring in premature infants treated with excessively high concentrations of oxygen, characterized by vascular dilatation, proliferation, and tortuosity, edema, and retinal detachment, with ultimate conversion of the retina into a fibrous mass that can be seen as a dense retrolental membrane. Usually growth of the eye is arrested and may result in microophthalmia, and blindness may occur. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Two individuals derived from two FETUSES that were fertilized at or about the same time, developed in the UTERUS simultaneously, and born to the same mother. Twins are either monozygotic (TWINS, MONOZYGOTIC) or dizygotic (TWINS, DIZYGOTIC).

A condition of the newborn marked by DYSPNEA with CYANOSIS, heralded by such prodromal signs as dilatation of the alae nasi, expiratory grunt, and retraction of the suprasternal notch or costal margins, mostly frequently occurring in premature infants, children of diabetic mothers, and infants delivered by cesarean section, and sometimes with no apparent predisposing cause.

Postnatal deaths from BIRTH to 365 days after birth in a given population. Postneonatal mortality represents deaths between 28 days and 365 days after birth (as defined by National Center for Health Statistics). Neonatal mortality represents deaths from birth to 27 days after birth.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

A complication of PREGNANCY, characterized by a complex of symptoms including maternal HYPERTENSION and PROTEINURIA with or without pathological EDEMA. Symptoms may range between mild and severe. Pre-eclampsia usually occurs after the 20th week of gestation, but may develop before this time in the presence of trophoblastic disease.

Specialized arterial vessels in the umbilical cord. They carry waste and deoxygenated blood from the FETUS to the mother via the PLACENTA. In humans, there are usually two umbilical arteries but sometimes one.

A highly vascularized mammalian fetal-maternal organ and major site of transport of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products. It includes a fetal portion (CHORIONIC VILLI) derived from TROPHOBLASTS and a maternal portion (DECIDUA) derived from the uterine ENDOMETRIUM. The placenta produces an array of steroid, protein and peptide hormones (PLACENTAL HORMONES).

Death of the developing young in utero. BIRTH of a dead FETUS is STILLBIRTH.

The continuous sequential physiological and psychological maturing of an individual from birth up to but not including ADOLESCENCE.

A chronic lung disease developed after OXYGEN INHALATION THERAPY or mechanical ventilation (VENTILATION, MECHANICAL) usually occurring in certain premature infants (INFANT, PREMATURE) or newborn infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME, NEWBORN). Histologically, it is characterized by the unusual abnormalities of the bronchioles, such as METAPLASIA, decrease in alveolar number, and formation of CYSTS.

Continuous care and monitoring of newborn infants with life-threatening conditions, in any setting.

Delivery of the FETUS and PLACENTA under the care of an obstetrician or a health worker. Obstetric deliveries may involve physical, psychological, medical, or surgical interventions.

The event that a FETUS is born dead or stillborn.

Determination of the nature of a pathological condition or disease in the postimplantation EMBRYO; FETUS; or pregnant female before birth.

The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.

Diseases of newborn infants present at birth (congenital) or developing within the first month of birth. It does not include hereditary diseases not manifesting at birth or within the first 30 days of life nor does it include inborn errors of metabolism. Both HEREDITARY DISEASES and METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS are available as general concepts.

An infant whose weight at birth is less than 1000 grams (2.2 lbs), regardless of GESTATIONAL AGE.

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

The weight of the FETUS in utero. It is usually estimated by various formulas based on measurements made during PRENATAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

A human infant born before 28 weeks of GESTATION.

Blood of the fetus. Exchange of nutrients and waste between the fetal and maternal blood occurs via the PLACENTA. The cord blood is blood contained in the umbilical vessels (UMBILICAL CORD) at the time of delivery.

Morphological and physiological development of EMBRYOS or FETUSES.

A condition of fetal overgrowth leading to a large-for-gestational-age FETUS. It is defined as BIRTH WEIGHT greater than 4,000 grams or above the 90th percentile for population and sex-specific growth curves. It is commonly seen in GESTATIONAL DIABETES; PROLONGED PREGNANCY; and pregnancies complicated by pre-existing diabetes mellitus.

Functional competence of specific organs or body systems of the FETUS in utero.

INFLAMMATION of the placental membranes (CHORION; AMNION) and connected tissues such as fetal BLOOD VESSELS and UMBILICAL CORD. It is often associated with intrauterine ascending infections during PREGNANCY.

Extraction of the FETUS by means of abdominal HYSTEROTOMY.

Spontaneous tearing of the membranes surrounding the FETUS any time before the onset of OBSTETRIC LABOR. Preterm PROM is membrane rupture before 37 weeks of GESTATION.

Disorders in which there is a delay in development based on that expected for a given age level or stage of development. These impairments or disabilities originate before age 18, may be expected to continue indefinitely, and constitute a substantial impairment. Biological and nonbiological factors are involved in these disorders. (From American Psychiatric Glossary, 6th ed)

Care provided the pregnant woman in order to prevent complications, and decrease the incidence of maternal and prenatal mortality.

Official certifications by a physician recording the individual's birth date, place of birth, parentage and other required identifying data which are filed with the local registrar of vital statistics.

Number of fetal deaths with stated or presumed gestation of 20 weeks or more in a given population. Late fetal mortality is death after of 28 weeks or more.

The distance from the sole to the crown of the head with body standing on a flat surface and fully extended.

The flexible rope-like structure that connects a developing FETUS to the PLACENTA in mammals. The cord contains blood vessels which carry oxygen and nutrients from the mother to the fetus and waste products away from the fetus.

The heart rate of the FETUS. The normal range at term is between 120 and 160 beats per minute.

The upper part of the human body, or the front or upper part of the body of an animal, typically separated from the rest of the body by a neck, and containing the brain, mouth, and sense organs.

The number of offspring a female has borne. It is contrasted with GRAVIDITY, which refers to the number of pregnancies, regardless of outcome.

Physiologic or biochemical monitoring of the fetus. It is usually done during LABOR, OBSTETRIC and may be performed in conjunction with the monitoring of uterine activity. It may also be performed prenatally as when the mother is undergoing surgery.

Use of reflected ultrasound in the diagnosis of intracranial pathologic processes.

The three approximately equal periods of a normal human PREGNANCY. Each trimester is about three months or 13 to 14 weeks in duration depending on the designation of the first day of gestation.

Three individuals derived from three FETUSES that were fertilized at or about the same time, developed in the UTERUS simultaneously, and born to the same mother.

Malformations of organs or body parts during development in utero.

The condition of carrying TWINS simultaneously.

The condition of carrying two or more FETUSES simultaneously.

Exposure of the female parent, human or animal, to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents in the environment or to environmental factors that may include ionizing radiation, pathogenic organisms, or toxic chemicals that may affect offspring. It includes pre-conception maternal exposure.

Exchange of substances between the maternal blood and the fetal blood at the PLACENTA via PLACENTAL CIRCULATION. The placental barrier excludes microbial or viral transmission.

The identification of selected parameters in newborn infants by various tests, examinations, or other procedures. Screening may be performed by clinical or laboratory measures. A screening test is designed to sort out healthy neonates (INFANT, NEWBORN) from those not well, but the screening test is not intended as a diagnostic device, rather instead as epidemiologic.

A slightly movable cartilaginous joint which occurs between the pubic bones.

The consequences of exposing the FETUS in utero to certain factors, such as NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGICAL PHENOMENA; PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS; DRUGS; RADIATION; and other physical or chemical factors. These consequences are observed later in the offspring after BIRTH.

Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.

Deaths occurring from the 28th week of GESTATION to the 28th day after birth in a given population.

The repetitive uterine contraction during childbirth which is associated with the progressive dilation of the uterine cervix (CERVIX UTERI). Successful labor results in the expulsion of the FETUS and PLACENTA. Obstetric labor can be spontaneous or induced (LABOR, INDUCED).

The state of PREGNANCY in women with DIABETES MELLITUS. This does not include either symptomatic diabetes or GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE induced by pregnancy (DIABETES, GESTATIONAL) which resolves at the end of pregnancy.

A condition in pregnant women with elevated systolic (>140 mm Hg) and diastolic (>90 mm Hg) blood pressure on at least two occasions 6 h apart. HYPERTENSION complicates 8-10% of all pregnancies, generally after 20 weeks of gestation. Gestational hypertension can be divided into several broad categories according to the complexity and associated symptoms, such as EDEMA; PROTEINURIA; SEIZURES; abnormalities in BLOOD COAGULATION and liver functions.

The co-occurrence of pregnancy and a cardiovascular disease. The disease may precede or follow FERTILIZATION and it may or may not have a deleterious effect on the pregnant woman or FETUS.

Expulsion of the product of FERTILIZATION before completing the term of GESTATION and without deliberate interference.

The technique that deals with the measurement of the size, weight, and proportions of the human or other primate body.

Ultrasonography applying the Doppler effect, with frequency-shifted ultrasound reflections produced by moving targets (usually red blood cells) in the bloodstream along the ultrasound axis in direct proportion to the velocity of movement of the targets, to determine both direction and velocity of blood flow. (Stedman, 25th ed)

ENTEROCOLITIS with extensive ulceration (ULCER) and NECROSIS. It is observed primarily in LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANT.

Protrusion of abdominal structures into the THORAX as a result of congenital or traumatic defects in the respiratory DIAPHRAGM.

Percutaneous transabdominal puncture of the uterus during pregnancy to obtain amniotic fluid. It is commonly used for fetal karyotype determination in order to diagnose abnormal fetal conditions.

An infant born at or after 42 weeks of gestation.

The FERTILIZATION of an OVUM that takes place when a FETUS is already present in the UTERUS. Superfetation results in an unusual PREGNANCY with fetuses of different ages and sizes developing in utero simultaneously.

Pregnancy in which the mother and/or FETUS are at greater than normal risk of MORBIDITY or MORTALITY. Causes include inadequate PRENATAL CARE, previous obstetrical history (ABORTION, SPONTANEOUS), pre-existing maternal disease, pregnancy-induced disease (GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION), and MULTIPLE PREGNANCY, as well as advanced maternal age above 35.

Artificially induced UTERINE CONTRACTION. Generally, LABOR, OBSTETRIC is induced with the intent to cause delivery of the fetus and termination of pregnancy.

Abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in two or more fetal compartments, such as SKIN; PLEURA; PERICARDIUM; PLACENTA; PERITONEUM; AMNIOTIC FLUID. General fetal EDEMA may be of non-immunologic origin, or of immunologic origin as in the case of ERYTHROBLASTOSIS FETALIS.

Any observable response or action of a neonate or infant up through the age of 23 months.

A subspecialty of Pediatrics concerned with the newborn infant.

The sequence in which children are born into the family.

A heterogeneous group of nonprogressive motor disorders caused by chronic brain injuries that originate in the prenatal period, perinatal period, or first few years of life. The four major subtypes are spastic, athetoid, ataxic, and mixed cerebral palsy, with spastic forms being the most common. The motor disorder may range from difficulties with fine motor control to severe spasticity (see MUSCLE SPASTICITY) in all limbs. Spastic diplegia (Little disease) is the most common subtype, and is characterized by spasticity that is more prominent in the legs than in the arms. Pathologically, this condition may be associated with LEUKOMALACIA, PERIVENTRICULAR. (From Dev Med Child Neurol 1998 Aug;40(8):520-7)

Diabetes mellitus induced by PREGNANCY but resolved at the end of pregnancy. It does not include previously diagnosed diabetics who become pregnant (PREGNANCY IN DIABETICS). Gestational diabetes usually develops in late pregnancy when insulin antagonistic hormones peaks leading to INSULIN RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; and HYPERGLYCEMIA.

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

Female parents, human or animal.

Degeneration of white matter adjacent to the CEREBRAL VENTRICLES following cerebral hypoxia or BRAIN ISCHEMIA in neonates. The condition primarily affects white matter in the perfusion zone between superficial and deep branches of the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY. Clinical manifestations include VISION DISORDERS; CEREBRAL PALSY; PARAPLEGIA; SEIZURES; and cognitive disorders. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1021; Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch4, pp30-1)

The outermost extra-embryonic membrane surrounding the developing embryo. In REPTILES and BIRDS, it adheres to the shell and allows exchange of gases between the egg and its environment. In MAMMALS, the chorion evolves into the fetal contribution of the PLACENTA.

Intentional removal of a fetus from the uterus by any of a number of techniques. (POPLINE, 1978)

The care of women and a fetus or newborn given before, during, and after delivery from the 28th week of gestation through the 7th day after delivery.

The circulation of BLOOD, of both the mother and the FETUS, through the PLACENTA.

A condition of abnormally low AMNIOTIC FLUID volume. Principal causes include malformations of fetal URINARY TRACT; FETAL GROWTH RETARDATION; GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION; nicotine poisoning; and PROLONGED PREGNANCY.

Statistical models in which the value of a parameter for a given value of a factor is assumed to be equal to a + bx, where a and b are constants. The models predict a linear regression.

Passage of blood from one fetus to another via an arteriovenous communication or other shunt, in a monozygotic twin pregnancy. It results in anemia in one twin and polycythemia in the other. (Lee et al., Wintrobe's Clinical Hematology, 9th ed, p737-8)

The surgical closure of the incompetent cervix uteri with suture material.

Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.

A condition of abnormally high AMNIOTIC FLUID volume, such as greater than 2,000 ml in the LAST TRIMESTER and usually diagnosed by ultrasonographic criteria (AMNIOTIC FLUID INDEX). It is associated with maternal DIABETES MELLITUS; MULTIPLE PREGNANCY; CHROMOSOMAL DISORDERS; and congenital abnormalities.

The measurement of the dimensions of the HEAD.

A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.

A glucocorticoid given orally, parenterally, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. Its lack of mineralocorticoid properties makes betamethasone particularly suitable for treating cerebral edema and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p724)

Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the fetus and amniotic cavity through abdominal or uterine entry.

Care of infants in the home or institution.

Pathological processes or abnormal functions of the PLACENTA.

Monitoring of FETAL HEART frequency before birth in order to assess impending prematurity in relation to the pattern or intensity of antepartum UTERINE CONTRACTION.

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

Accumulation of BILIRUBIN, a breakdown product of HEME PROTEINS, in the BLOOD during the first weeks of life. This may lead to NEONATAL JAUNDICE. The excess bilirubin may exist in the unconjugated (indirect) or the conjugated (direct) form. The condition may be self-limiting (PHYSIOLOGICAL NEONATAL JAUNDICE) or pathological with toxic levels of bilirubin.

The co-occurrence of pregnancy and an INFECTION. The infection may precede or follow FERTILIZATION.

A congenital heart defect characterized by the persistent opening of fetal DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS that connects the PULMONARY ARTERY to the descending aorta (AORTA, DESCENDING) allowing unoxygenated blood to bypass the lung and flow to the PLACENTA. Normally, the ductus is closed shortly after birth.

A term used to describe pregnancies that exceed the upper limit of a normal gestational period. In humans, a prolonged pregnancy is defined as one that extends beyond 42 weeks (294 days) after the first day of the last menstrual period (MENSTRUATION), or birth with gestational age of 41 weeks or more.

A nonreassuring fetal status (NRFS) indicating that the FETUS is compromised (American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists 1988). It can be identified by sub-optimal values in FETAL HEART RATE; oxygenation of FETAL BLOOD; and other parameters.

Respiratory failure in the newborn. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.

A chromosome disorder associated either with an extra chromosome 21 or an effective trisomy for chromosome 21. Clinical manifestations include hypotonia, short stature, brachycephaly, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthus, Brushfield spots on the iris, protruding tongue, small ears, short, broad hands, fifth finger clinodactyly, Simian crease, and moderate to severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. Cardiac and gastrointestinal malformations, a marked increase in the incidence of LEUKEMIA, and the early onset of ALZHEIMER DISEASE are also associated with this condition. Pathologic features include the development of NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES in neurons and the deposition of AMYLOID BETA-PROTEIN, similar to the pathology of ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p213)

The event that a FETUS is born alive with heartbeats or RESPIRATION regardless of GESTATIONAL AGE. Such liveborn is called a newborn infant (INFANT, NEWBORN).

Premature separation of the normally implanted PLACENTA from the UTERUS. Signs of varying degree of severity include UTERINE BLEEDING, uterine MUSCLE HYPERTONIA, and FETAL DISTRESS or FETAL DEATH.

Physical activity of the FETUS in utero. Gross or fine fetal body movement can be monitored by the mother, PALPATION, or ULTRASONOGRAPHY.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

The use of statistical and mathematical methods to analyze biological observations and phenomena.

Incompetent UTERINE CERVIX is usually diagnosed in the second trimester of PREGNANCY. It is characterized by passive painless cervical dilation in the absence of UTERINE CONTRACTION; BLEEDING; INFECTION; and sometimes with the amniotic sac (AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE) bulging through the partially dilated cervix. Left untreated, this condition may lead to premature pregnancy loss, such as HABITUAL ABORTION.

A respiratory distress syndrome in newborn infants, usually premature infants with insufficient PULMONARY SURFACTANTS. The disease is characterized by the formation of a HYALINE-like membrane lining the terminal respiratory airspaces (PULMONARY ALVEOLI) and subsequent collapse of the lung (PULMONARY ATELECTASIS).

The collecting of fetal blood samples typically via ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND GUIDED FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION from the umbilical vein.

A fetal blood vessel connecting the pulmonary artery with the descending aorta.

Deficient oxygenation of FETAL BLOOD.

The number of pregnancies, complete or incomplete, experienced by a female. It is different from PARITY, which is the number of offspring borne. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

One of a pair of irregularly shaped quadrilateral bones situated between the FRONTAL BONE and OCCIPITAL BONE, which together form the sides of the CRANIUM.

The potential of the FETUS to survive outside the UTERUS after birth, natural or induced. Fetal viability depends largely on the FETAL ORGAN MATURITY, and environmental conditions.

Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be discovered later in life.

Organized efforts by communities or organizations to improve the health and well-being of infants.

Ultrasonography applying the Doppler effect, with velocity detection combined with range discrimination. Short bursts of ultrasound are transmitted at regular intervals and the echoes are demodulated as they return.

Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.

Selective abortion of one or more embryos or fetuses in a multiple gestation pregnancy. The usual goal is to improve the outcome for the remaining embryos or fetuses.

Any of the ruminant mammals with curved horns in the genus Ovis, family Bovidae. They possess lachrymal grooves and interdigital glands, which are absent in GOATS.

Rhythmic, intermittent propagation of a fluid through a BLOOD VESSEL or piping system, in contrast to constant, smooth propagation, which produces laminar flow.

The beginning of true OBSTETRIC LABOR which is characterized by the cyclic uterine contractions of increasing frequency, duration, and strength causing CERVICAL DILATATION to begin (LABOR STAGE, FIRST ).

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

Medical problems associated with OBSTETRIC LABOR, such as BREECH PRESENTATION; PREMATURE OBSTETRIC LABOR; HEMORRHAGE; or others. These complications can affect the well-being of the mother, the FETUS, or both.

A class of statistical methods applicable to a large set of probability distributions used to test for correlation, location, independence, etc. In most nonparametric statistical tests, the original scores or observations are replaced by another variable containing less information. An important class of nonparametric tests employs the ordinal properties of the data. Another class of tests uses information about whether an observation is above or below some fixed value such as the median, and a third class is based on the frequency of the occurrence of runs in the data. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1284; Corsini, Concise Encyclopedia of Psychology, 1987, p764-5)

A transient absence of spontaneous respiration.

The neck portion of the UTERUS between the lower isthmus and the VAGINA forming the cervical canal.

The thick green-to-black mucilaginous material found in the intestines of a full-term fetus. It consists of secretions of the INTESTINAL GLANDS; BILE PIGMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; AMNIOTIC FLUID; and intrauterine debris. It constitutes the first stools passed by a newborn.

The innermost membranous sac that surrounds and protects the developing embryo which is bathed in the AMNIOTIC FLUID. Amnion cells are secretory EPITHELIAL CELLS and contribute to the amniotic fluid.

The periodic shedding of the ENDOMETRIUM and associated menstrual bleeding in the MENSTRUAL CYCLE of humans and primates. Menstruation is due to the decline in circulating PROGESTERONE, and occurs at the late LUTEAL PHASE when LUTEOLYSIS of the CORPUS LUTEUM takes place.

The visualization of deep structures of the body by recording the reflections or echoes of ultrasonic pulses directed into the tissues. Use of ultrasound for imaging or diagnostic purposes employs frequencies ranging from 1.6 to 10 megahertz.

The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.

The systems and processes involved in the establishment, support, management, and operation of registers, e.g., disease registers.

Drugs that prevent preterm labor and immature birth by suppressing uterine contractions (TOCOLYSIS). Agents used to delay premature uterine activity include magnesium sulfate, beta-mimetics, oxytocin antagonists, calcium channel inhibitors, and adrenergic beta-receptor agonists. The use of intravenous alcohol as a tocolytic is now obsolete.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)

In utero transfusion of BLOOD into the FETUS for the treatment of FETAL DISEASES, such as fetal erythroblastosis (ERYTHROBLASTOSIS, FETAL).

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Abortion induced to save the life or health of a pregnant woman. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

The ability to learn and to deal with new situations and to deal effectively with tasks involving abstractions.

Four CSF-filled (see CEREBROSPINAL FLUID) cavities within the cerebral hemispheres (LATERAL VENTRICLES), in the midline (THIRD VENTRICLE) and within the PONS and MEDULLA OBLONGATA (FOURTH VENTRICLE).

Termination of pregnancy under conditions allowed under local laws. (POPLINE Thesaurus, 1991)

The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.

The branch of medicine dealing with the fetus and infant during the perinatal period. The perinatal period begins with the twenty-eighth week of gestation and ends twenty-eight days after birth. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

The hollow thick-walled muscular organ in the female PELVIS. It consists of the fundus (the body) which is the site of EMBRYO IMPLANTATION and FETAL DEVELOPMENT. Beyond the isthmus at the perineal end of fundus, is CERVIX UTERI (the neck) opening into VAGINA. Beyond the isthmi at the upper abdominal end of fundus, are the FALLOPIAN TUBES.

A prenatal ultrasonography measurement of the soft tissue behind the fetal neck. Either the translucent area below the skin in the back of the fetal neck (nuchal translucency) or the distance between occipital bone to the outer skin line (nuchal fold) is measured.

Any method of artificial breathing that employs mechanical or non-mechanical means to force the air into and out of the lungs. Artificial respiration or ventilation is used in individuals who have stopped breathing or have RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY to increase their intake of oxygen (O2) and excretion of carbon dioxide (CO2).

The ratio of two odds. The exposure-odds ratio for case control data is the ratio of the odds in favor of exposure among cases to the odds in favor of exposure among noncases. The disease-odds ratio for a cohort or cross section is the ratio of the odds in favor of disease among the exposed to the odds in favor of disease among the unexposed. The prevalence-odds ratio refers to an odds ratio derived cross-sectionally from studies of prevalent cases.

The process of generating three-dimensional images by electronic, photographic, or other methods. For example, three-dimensional images can be generated by assembling multiple tomographic images with the aid of a computer, while photographic 3-D images (HOLOGRAPHY) can be made by exposing film to the interference pattern created when two laser light sources shine on an object.

A parameter usually used in PRENATAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY to measure the length of the uterine neck (CERVIX UTERI). Cervical length or its shortening is used to identify and prevent early cervical opening and PRETERM BIRTH.

Ultrasonography applying the Doppler effect, with the superposition of flow information as colors on a gray scale in a real-time image. This type of ultrasonography is well-suited to identifying the location of high-velocity flow (such as in a stenosis) or of mapping the extent of flow in a certain region.

Any drug treatment modality designed to inhibit UTERINE CONTRACTION. It is used in pregnant women to arrest PREMATURE LABOR.

Yellow discoloration of the SKIN; MUCOUS MEMBRANE; and SCLERA in the NEWBORN. It is a sign of NEONATAL HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA. Most cases are transient self-limiting (PHYSIOLOGICAL NEONATAL JAUNDICE) occurring in the first week of life, but some can be a sign of pathological disorders, particularly LIVER DISEASES.

A syndrome of HEMOLYSIS, elevated liver ENZYMES, and low blood platelets count (THROMBOCYTOPENIA). HELLP syndrome is observed in pregnant women with PRE-ECLAMPSIA or ECLAMPSIA who also exhibit LIVER damage and abnormalities in BLOOD COAGULATION.

Liquid formulations for the nutrition of infants that can substitute for BREAST MILK.

The offspring in multiple pregnancies (PREGNANCY, MULTIPLE): TWINS; TRIPLETS; QUADRUPLETS; QUINTUPLETS; etc.

Studies in which variables relating to an individual or group of individuals are assessed over a period of time.

The process of giving birth to one or more offspring.

A congenital defect with major fissure in the ABDOMINAL WALL lateral to, but not at, the UMBILICUS. This results in the extrusion of VISCERA. Unlike OMPHALOCELE, herniated structures in gastroschisis are not covered by a sac or PERITONEUM.

Steroidal compounds with abortifacient activity.

Failure of the PLACENTA to deliver an adequate supply of nutrients and OXYGEN to the FETUS.

Nutritional physiology of children from birth to 2 years of age.

Bleeding from blood vessels in the UTERUS, sometimes manifested as vaginal bleeding.

Gradual increase in the number, the size, and the complexity of cells of an individual. Growth generally results in increase in ORGAN WEIGHT; BODY WEIGHT; and BODY HEIGHT.

Cells lining the outside of the BLASTOCYST. After binding to the ENDOMETRIUM, trophoblasts develop into two distinct layers, an inner layer of mononuclear cytotrophoblasts and an outer layer of continuous multinuclear cytoplasm, the syncytiotrophoblasts, which form the early fetal-maternal interface (PLACENTA).

Dynamic three-dimensional echocardiography using the added dimension of time to impart the cinematic perception of motion. (Mayo Clin Proc 1993;68:221-40)

Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.

The nursing of an infant at the breast.

A branch arising from the internal iliac artery in females, that supplies blood to the uterus.

Non-steroidal chemical compounds with abortifacient activity.

A hydroxylated metabolite of ESTRADIOL or ESTRONE that has a hydroxyl group at C3, 16-alpha, and 17-beta position. Estriol is a major urinary estrogen. During PREGNANCY, a large amount of estriol is produced by the PLACENTA. Isomers with inversion of the hydroxyl group or groups are called epiestriol.

Production of prostaglandin f2alpha and its metabolite by endometrium and yolk sac placenta in late gestation in the tammar wallaby, Macropus Eugenii. (1/9568)

In this study, we investigated production of prostaglandin (PG) F2alpha and its metabolite, PGFM, by uterine tissues from tammar wallabies in late pregnancy. Endometrial explants were prepared from gravid and nongravid uteri of tammars between Day 18 of gestation (primitive streak) and Day 26.5 (term) and were incubated in Ham's F-10 medium supplemented with glutamine and antibiotics for 20 h. PGF2alpha and PGFM in the medium were assayed by specific, validated RIAs. Control tissues (leg muscle) did not produce detectable amounts of either PG. Both gravid and nongravid endometria secreted PGF2alpha, and production increased significantly in both gravid and nongravid uteri towards term. PGFM was produced in small amounts by both gravid and nongravid uteri, and the rate of production did not increase. Neither oxytocin nor dexamethasone stimulated PG production in vitro in any tissue at any stage. Thus, the surge in peripheral plasma PGFM levels seen at parturition may arise from increased uterine PG production, but further study is needed to define what triggers this release. (+info)

Expression of trophinin, tastin, and bystin by trophoblast and endometrial cells in human placenta. (2/9568)

Trophinin, tastin, and bystin comprise a complex mediating a unique homophilic cell adhesion between trophoblast and endometrial epithelial cells at their respective apical cell surfaces. In this study, we prepared mouse monoclonal antibodies specific to each of these molecules. The expression of these molecules in the human placenta was examined immunohistochemically using the antibodies. In placenta from the 6th week of pregnancy, trophinin and bystin were found in the cytoplasm of the syncytiotrophoblast in the chorionic villi, and in endometrial decidual cells at the utero placental interface. Tastin was exclusively present on the apical side of the syncytiotrophoblast. Tissue sections were also examined by in situ hybridization using RNA probes specific to each of these molecules. This analysis showed that trophoblast and endometrial epithelial cells at the utero placental interface express trophinin, tastin, and bystin. In wk 10 placenta, trophinin and bystin were found in the intravillous cytotrophoblast, while tastin was not found in the villi. After wk 10, levels of all three proteins decreased and then disappeared from placental villi. (+info)

Delay of preterm delivery in sheep by omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturates. (3/9568)

A positive correlation has been shown between dietary intake of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids in late pregnancy and gestation length in pregnant women and experimental animals. To determine whether omega-3 fatty acids have an effect on preterm labor in sheep, a fish oil concentrate emulsion was continuously infused to six pregnant ewes from 124 days gestational age. At 125 days, betamethasone was administered to the fetus to produce preterm labor. Both the onset of labor and the time of delivery were delayed by the fish oil emulsion. Two of the omega-3-infused ewes reverted from contractions to nonlabor, an effect never previously observed for experimental glucocorticoid-induced preterm labor in sheep. Maternal plasma estradiol and maternal and fetal prostaglandin E2 rose in control ewes but not in those infused with omega-3 fatty acid. The ability of omega-3 fatty acids to delay premature delivery in sheep indicates their possible use as tocolytics in humans. Premature labor is the major cause of neonatal death and long-term disability, and these studies present information that may lead to a novel therapeutic regimen for the prevention of preterm delivery in human pregnancy. (+info)

Luteinizing hormone inhibits conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone in luteal cells from rats on day 19 of pregnancy. (4/9568)

We have previously reported that intrabursal ovarian administration of LH at the end of pregnancy in rats induces a decrease in luteal progesterone (P4) synthesis and an increase in P4 metabolism. However, whether this local luteolytic effect of LH is exerted directly on luteal cells or on other structures, such as follicular or stromal cells, to modify luteal function is unknown. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of LH on isolated luteal cells obtained on Day 19 of pregnancy. Incubation of luteal cells with 1, 10, 100, or 1000 ng/ml of ovine LH (oLH) for 6 h did not modify basal P4 production. The addition to the culture medium of 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol (22R-HC, 10 microgram/ml), a membrane-permeable P4 precursor, or pregnenolone (10(-2) microM) induced a significant increase in P4 accumulation in the medium in relation to the control value. When luteal cells were preincubated for 2 h with oLH, a significant (p < 0.01) reduction in the 22R-HC- or pregnenolone-stimulated P4 accumulation was observed. Incubation of luteal cells with dibutyryl cAMP (1 mM, a cAMP analogue) plus isobutylmethylxanthine (1 mM, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor) also inhibited pregnenolone-stimulated P4 accumulation. Incubation with an inositol triphosphate synthesis inhibitor, neomycin (1 mM), or an inhibitor of intracellular Ca2+ mobilization, (8,9-N, N-diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate (1 mM), did not prevent the decrease in pregnenolone-stimulated P4 secretion induced by oLH. It was concluded that the luteolytic action of LH in late pregnancy is due, at least in part, to a direct action on the luteal cells and that an increase in intracellular cAMP level might mediate this effect. (+info)

Outcome of pregnancy in women with congenital shunt lesions. (5/9568)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcome of pregnancy in women with congenital shunt lesions. SETTING: Retrospective study in a tertiary care centre. METHODS: Pregnancy history was obtained by a standardised questionnaire and medical records were reviewed. PATIENTS: 175 women were identified, at a mean (SD) age of 42 (14) years. Pregnancies occurred in 126 women: 50 with an atrial septal defect, 22 with a ventricular septal defect, 22 with an atrioventricular septal defect, 19 with tetralogy of Fallot, and 13 with other complex shunt lesions. RESULTS: 309 pregnancies were reported by 126 woman (2.5 (1.6) pregnancies per woman). The shortening fraction of the systemic ventricle was 40 (8)%, and 98% were in New York Heart Association class I-II at last follow up. Spontaneous abortions occurred in 17% of pregnancies (abortion rate, 0.4 (0.9) per woman). Gestational age of the 241 newborn infants was 8.8 (0.8) months. There were no maternal deaths related to pregnancy. Pre-eclampsia and embolic events were observed in 1.3% and 0.6%, respectively of all pregnancies. Women with complex shunt lesions more often underwent caesarean section (70% v 15-30%, p = 0.005) and gave birth to smaller babies for equivalent gestation (2577 (671) g v 3016 (572) to 3207 (610) g, p < 0.05). The recurrence risk of congenital heart disease was 2.5%. CONCLUSIONS: The outcome of pregnancy is favourable in women with congenital shunt lesions if their functional class and their systolic ventricular function are good. Such patients can be reassured. (+info)

Expression of neurotrophins and their receptors in human bone marrow. (6/9568)

The expression of neurotrophins and their receptors, the low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor (p75LNGFR) and the Trk receptors (TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC), was investigated in human bone marrow from 16 weeks fetal age to adulthood. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, all transcripts encoding for catalytic and truncated human TrkB or TrkC receptors were detected together with trkAI transcripts, whereas trkAII transcripts were found only in control nerve tissues. Transcripts for the homologue of the rat truncated TrkC(ic113) receptor were identified for the first time in human tissue. Stromal adventitial reticular cells were found immunoreactive for all neutrophin receptors. In contrast, hematopoietic cell types were not immunoreactive for p75LNGFR but showed immunoreactivity for one or several Trk receptors. TrkA immunoreactivity was found in immature erythroblasts. Catalytic TrkB immunoreactivity was observed in eosinophilic metamyelocytes and polymorphonuclear cells. Truncated TrkB immunoreactivity was found in erythroblasts and megacaryocytes. Immunoreactivity for both catalytic and truncated TrkC receptor was observed in promyelocytes, myelocytes, some polymorphonuclear cells and megacaryocytes. Neutrophin transcript levels appeared higher at fetal than at adult stages, no variation in Trk family transcript levels was observed. The local expression of neurotrophin genes suggests a wide range of paracrine and/or autocrine mode of action through their corresponding receptors within the bone marrow. (+info)

Maternal adrenocortical hormones maintain the early development of pancreatic B cells in the fetal rat. (7/9568)

To investigate the effect of maternal adrenocortical hormones on the development of fetal pancreatic islet cells, pregnant rats were adrenalectomised on d 6 of gestation. On d 12-16 the growth patterns of fetal insulin-producing B cells, glucagon-producing A cells, and somatostatin-producing D cells were observed histometrically. Maternal adrenalectomy resulted in growth retardation of fetal B cells on d 12-15. Maternal corticosterone therapy prevented this retardation. Maternal adrenalectomy, however, did not affect the developmental patterns of A and D cells. By Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, glucocorticoid receptors were demonstrated to be present in the islet cells from d 12 to d 15. These results suggest that maternal adrenocortical hormones, glucocorticoids in particular, maintain the early development of fetal pancreatic B cells through their specific intracellular glucocorticoid receptor. (+info)

Developmental changes in mucosubstances revealed by immunostaining with antimucus monoclonal antibodies and lectin staining in the epithelium lining the segment from gizzard to duodenum of the chick embryo. (8/9568)

The mucosubstances in the epithelium lining the segment from gizzard to duodenum during development of the chick embryo was studied histochemically using monoclonal antibodies against gizzard mucus and lectins, with attention to the regional differentiation of the epithelium in this segment. The anterior limit of epithelial CdxA mRNA expression detected by in situ hybridisation, which served as the position of the gizzard-duodenal boundary, was clearly found from d 3. Granules positive for some antibodies or lectins were found in the region ranging from the posterior part of the gizzard to the duodenum at d 3, which was followed by an increase in the number of granules and a gradual enlargement of the granule-positive area to the anterior part of the gizzard over 4-6 d. From d 4, the epithelia of the gizzard body and of the pyloric or duodenal region came to be differently stained with some antibodies or lectins. From d 10, each region showed a specific pattern of staining. The epithelia of the gizzard body and pyloric region contained abundant mucus granules with a different staining pattern. In the duodenum the number of stained granules was low except in occasional goblet cells. Thus the epithelia of the gizzard body, pyloric region and duodenum may produce different mucosubstances and the regional differentiation in these epithelia may start at rather early stages soon after the formation of digestive tube. (+info)

"gestational age". Some examples of gestational age calculated from the first day of the last menstrual cycle:} "Loi du 17 ... A common medical way to calculate gestational age is to measure pregnancy from the first day of the last menstrual cycle. ... and is particularly discussed within the abortion debate from the point of measuring the gestational age of the pregnancy. ... particularly with regard to the gestational age), in practice the effective availability of abortion varies significantly from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_law

At every gestational age, elective abortion is safer for the mother than carrying a pregnancy to term.. ... When women have abortions (by gestational age)Edit. According to the Centers for Disease Control, in 2011, most (64.5%) ... Abortion in the United States by gestational age, 2004. (Data source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) ... regardless of gestational age.[137][138] To ensure the success of the abortion procedure, doctors are advised to induce fetal ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_States

Start of gestational age. Main article: Gestational age. According to American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the ... Adding the estimated gestational age at childbirth to the above time point. Childbirth on average occurs at a gestational age ... Distribution of gestational age at childbirth among singleton live births, given both when gestational age is estimated by ... and using the mean gestational age of other embryos or fetuses of the same size. If the gestational age as calculated from an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child-bearing

Gestational age less than 32 weeks. Mechanism[edit]. Physiologically, blood calcium is tightly regulated within a narrow range ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypocalcemia

"Mississippi Gestational Age Act (HB 1510)". Rewire.News. Retrieved March 28, 2018. v t e. ... In 2018, Representative Currie sponsored the Mississippi Gestational Age Act (HB 1510), prohibiting abortions after 15 weeks ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Becky_Currie

... is the key to Gestational Surrogacy, which is when the sperm of the intended father and egg of intended mother are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embryology

Adding the estimated gestational age at childbirth to the above time point. Childbirth on average occurs at a gestational age ... and using the mean gestational age of other embryos or fetuses of the same size. If the gestational age as calculated from an ... "Gestational age in pregnancies conceived after in vitro fertilization: A comparison between age assessed from oocyte retrieval ... Naegele's rule is a standard way of calculating the due date for a pregnancy when assuming a gestational age of 280 days at ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estimated_date_of_delivery

Adding the estimated gestational age at childbirth to the above time point. Childbirth on average occurs at a gestational age ... Embryo at 4 weeks after fertilization (gestational age of 6 weeks) Fetus at 8 weeks after fertilization (gestational age of 10 ... gestational age of 20 weeks) Fetus at 38 weeks after fertilization (gestational age of 40 weeks) Relative size in 1st month ( ... and using the mean gestational age of other embryos or fetuses of the same size. If the gestational age as calculated from an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pregnancy

Small for gestational age (SGA) at MedlinePlus. Update Date: 8/4/2009. Updated by: Linda J. Vorvick. Also reviewed by David ... Intrauterine growth restriction can result in a baby being small for gestational age (SGA), which is most commonly defined as a ... This type of IUGR is most commonly caused by extrinsic factors that affect the fetus at later gestational ages. Specific causes ... Such babies are also called small for gestational age.[citation needed] True IUGR occurs due to pathological conditions which ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrauterine_growth_restriction

Hill L (2008). "Prevalence of Breech Presentation by Gestational Age". American Journal of Perinatology. 7 (1): 92-93. doi: ... During the first period, which lasts until the 24th gestational week, the incidence of a longitudinal lie increases, with equal ... In the third period, from the 36th gestational week onward, the incidence of cephalic and breech presentations remain stable, i ... During the second period, lasting from the 25th to the 35th gestational week, the incidence of cephalic presentation increases ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breech_birth

Decision-making is individualized based on prognosis, gestational age, and the pregnant woman's life and values. A variety of ... Addressing the gestational age also affects decision making. Although, it's important to understand there is also very little ... age, political view, religion, lifestyle, etc.) and how that affects a person's decision-making. In terms of maternal-fetal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maternal-fetal_conflict

The newborn is often small for gestational age. A petechial rash on the skin may be present, with small reddish or purplish ... which starts at gestational ages between 22 and 28 weeks (with regional variations in the definition) and ending seven ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertically_transmitted_infection

The exact number can vary by gestational age. The fifth percentile for gestational age is sometimes used as a cutoff value. An ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amniotic_fluid_index

Viable gestational age varies from region to region. In agriculture, parity is a factor in productivity in domestic animals ... Twin pregnancy carried to viable gestational age is counted as 1. Abortus is the number of pregnancies that were lost for any ... Multiple pregnancy is counted as 1. Parity, or "para", indicates the number of pregnancies reaching viable gestational age ( ... and carried the pregnancies to a viable gestational age (parity). These terms are usually coupled, sometimes with additional ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravidity_and_parity

Two notable factors are age and weight. The baby's gestational age (number of completed weeks of pregnancy) at the time of ... The limit of viability is the gestational age at which a prematurely born fetus/infant has a 50% chance of long-term survival ... While there is no sharp limit of development, gestational age, or weight at which a human fetus automatically becomes viable, a ... As a consequence, there is, at the present time, no worldwide, uniform gestational age that defines viability. According to the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetal_viability

The earliest gestational age at which the infant has at least a 50% chance of survival is referred to as the limit of viability ... A short cervix preterm is undesirable: A cervical length of less than 25 mm at or before 24 weeks of gestational age is the ... Preterm birth (PTB), also known as premature birth, is the birth of a baby at fewer than 37 weeks' gestational age, as opposed ... Gestational age was positively correlated with volumes of the temporal and fusiform gyri and sensorimotor cortex bilaterally, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preterm_birth

Preterm birth is the birth of an infant at fewer than 37 weeks gestational age. It is estimated that one in 10 babies are born ... "Recent Declines in Induction of Labor by Gestational Age". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved 9 May 2018. ... In many countries, age is reckoned from the date of birth, and sometimes the birthday is celebrated annually. East Asian age ... but in these instances gestational age confirmation must be done, and the maturity of the fetal lung must be confirmed by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childbirth

"Induction of labor and caesarean delivery by gestational age". Am Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 195 (3): 700-705. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labor_induction

Reorganization in congenital hemiparesis acquired at different gestational ages. Ann. Neurol. 56, 854-863. PMID 15562409 Lotze ... Aging 28, 404-413. PMID 16530885 Heun, R., Jessen, F., Klose, U., Erb, M., Granath, D.-O., and Grodd, W. (2004). Response- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgang_Grodd

Lower gestational age increases the risk of infant mortality. Over the last decade, prematurity has been the leading cause of ... less than 28 weeks gestational age, or less than 35 cm in length) that were born alive (breathed, had a heartbeat, or exhibited ... Sudden Infant Death Syndrome is the leading cause of infant mortality for those 1 month of age to 1 year of age. Immunizations ... The rate for a given region is the number of children dying under one year of age, divided by the number of live births during ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infant_mortality

Sheth RD, Hobbs GR, Mullett M (January 1999). "Neonatal seizures: incidence, onset, and etiology by gestational age". Journal ... In contrast to seizures that occur in other age groups, seizures that occur during the neonatal period are most often caused by ... Seizures in the neonatal population often present differently than in other age groups due to brain immaturity. Electroclinical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_seizure

At later gestational ages, osmotic dilators, including laminaria, may be used to assist in dilating the cervix. Most abortion ... This may be affected by the gestational age of the pregnancy and history of prior vaginal deliveries. More dilators are ... generally used with advancing gestational age.[citation needed] Laminaria tents are usually left in place overnight. Laminaria ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmotic_dilator

Human cortical development between 26 and 39 week gestational age. The layered structure of the mature cerebral cortex is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_Cortex

... gestational age) Fetus at 17 weeks Fetus at 20 weeks A gestational sac can be reliably seen on transvaginal ultrasound by 5 ... gestational age (approximately 3 weeks after ovulation). The embryo should be seen by the time the gestational sac measures 25 ... if a later scan gives a different estimate of gestational age, the estimated age is not normally changed but rather it is ... Usually scans for this type of detection are done around 18 to 23 weeks of gestational age (called the "anatomy scan", "anomaly ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obstetric_ultrasonography

... and Percentiles by Gestational Age". Placental and Gestational Pathology: 336. doi:10.1017/9781316848616.039. ISBN ... This transfer of antibodies begins as early as the 20th week of gestational age, and certainly by the 24th week. This passive ... same placenta Close-up of umbilical attachment to fetal side of freshly delivered placenta Placenta weight by gestational age ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placenta

Gestational age nicotine exposure is associated with many neurological deficits. Prenatal exposure has been associated with ... Exposures for children below the age of 6 is a concern because a small dose of nicotine e-liquid may be fatal. A 2014 Centers ... A 2016 survey of people 14 years of age and up in Germany reported that 20.7% of participants consider e-cigarettes to be not ... Every person were male and 33 years was the average age. In five cases, they received burn harms resulting from an e-cigarette ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes

No correlation between POP exposure and gestational age was found. A 2013 case-control study conducted 2009 in Indian mothers ... gestational age, and head circumference. The lower the birth weight and head circumference of the infants was, the higher POP ... In general, POP serum levels increase with age and tend to be higher in females than males. Studies have investigated the ... maternal gestational weight gain, and birth outcomes in the mother-child cohort in Crete, Greece (RHEA study)". Environ. Int. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persistent_organic_pollutant

It can be performed at 10 weeks of gestational age. One study in the United States estimated a false positive rate of 0.3% and ... Wang E, Batey A, Struble C, Musci T, Song K, Oliphant A (July 2013). "Gestational age and maternal weight effects on fetal cell ... the coming of age". Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine. Elsevier BV. 16 (2): 88-93. doi:10.1016/j.siny.2010.10.003. PMID ... of cffDNA is a method of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis frequently ordered for pregnant women of advanced maternal age. Two ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell-free_fetal_DNA

Children short because of intrauterine growth retardation are small for gestational age at birth for a variety of reasons. If ... The Amazing Medically Proven Plan To Reverse the Effects Of Aging,[28] an uncritical touting of GH as the answer to aging.[29]: ... "Growth hormone therapy for short children born small for gestational age". Horm. Res. 68 (6): 300-9. doi:10.1159/000107935. ... Vance ML (February 2003). "Can growth hormone prevent aging?". N. Engl. J. Med. 348 (9): 779-80. doi:10.1056/NEJMp020186. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_hormone_therapy

The law itself contains no reference to gestational age or viability. The statute is directed only at a method of abortion, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partial-Birth_Abortion_Ban_Act

... makes up about 90% of cases of diabetes, with the other 10% due primarily to type 1 diabetes and gestational ... such as increasing age, female gender, and genetics.[10] Obesity is more common in women than men in many parts of Africa.[29] ... Typically it begins in middle or older age,[6] although rates of type 2 diabetes are increasing in young people.[19][20] Type 2 ... Those who have previously had gestational diabetes are at a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.[23] Other health ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_2_diabetes_mellitus

Male black wildebeest reach sexual maturity at the age of 3 years, but may mature at a younger age in captivity. Females first ... The gestational period lasts for about 8.5 months, after which a single calf is born. Females in labour do not move away from ... The neutrophil count is high at all ages. The haematocrit and haemoglobin content decreases till 20-30 days after birth. A peak ... A single calf is usually born after a gestational period of about 8.5 months. The calf remains with its mother until her next ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_wildebeest

Small for gestational age/Large for gestational age. *Preterm birth/Postmature birth ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_conjunctivitis

Histogram of abortions by gestational age in England and Wales during 2004. Average is 9.5 weeks. ... These figures depend on the age and health of the pregnant woman.[2] Most spontaneous abortions occur so early in the pregnancy ... Those with certain diseases, and those over the age 35 also run a greater risk. Other causes for abortions can be the infection ... but it will remain difficult to attribute this to a fetus at any particular developmental age."'.' Retrieved 2007-02-21. ...

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion

... being small for gestational age at birth, Prader-Willi syndrome, Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome, or other conditions. Genetic ... the bone age is the same as the biological age but for some people, it is older. For many people with advanced bone ages, they ... The cost of treatment depends on the amount of growth hormone given, which in turn depends on the child's weight and age. One ... However, in some cases, people who are naturally shorter combined with their advanced bone age, end up being even shorter than ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_stature

2-Hour oral glucose tolerance test (GTT) in women with risk factors (obesity, family history, history of gestational diabetes)[ ... in women aged 18-35 years.[58]The follicles may be oriented in the periphery, giving the appearance of a 'string of pearls'.[59 ...

https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/多囊卵巢綜合症

Women of reproductive age who undergo cytotoxic chemotherapy have been pretreated with GnRH agonists to reduce the risk of ... Gestational carrier. *In vitro maturation. *Intracytoplasmic sperm injection. *Oocyte selection. *Ovarian hyperstimulation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonadotropin-releasing_hormone_agonist

"Aboriginal women between the ages of 25 and 44 are 5 times more likely than other women of the same age to die as a result of ... and Aboriginal females experience higher rates of gestational diabetes than non-Aboriginal females. The complications and ... Age-standardized rates show that the prevalence of diabetes among First Nations individuals living on-reserve is 17.2%; First ... This is particularly true in the younger population (aged 15-34), where acts of violence are two and a half times more likely ...

https://ta.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/சிறப்பு:MobileDiff/3207153

... is the key to Gestational Surrogacy, which is when the sperm of the intended father and egg of intended mother are ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embryology

... and the timing of its onset is generally inversely proportional to the gestational age of the baby at birth (i.e., the earlier ... Small for gestational age/Large for gestational age. *Preterm birth/Postmature birth ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necrotizing_enterocolitis

Gestational age. *Human embryogenesis. *Maternal physiological changes. *Postpartum physiological changes. Care. *Nutrition * ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamaze

The average age of diagnosis is between 35 and 50 years. This is about 5 to 10 years older than men with other germ cell tumors ... Trophoblastic neoplasm: Gestational trophoblastic disease *Hydatidiform mole. *Choriocarcinoma. *Placental site trophoblastic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seminoma

until about the ninth week of gestational age[18]. External distinctions are not observed even by the eighth week of pre- ... Levels are the barely detectable 4-6 months of age postnatal.[19][20] High levels of testosterone will not appear again until ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_male_reproductive_system

... such as birth weight and gestational age, along with mortality data, such as cause of death, in analyzing the data. Linkages ... is a subscript for the characteristics (sex, age, marital status, etc.) in the files. The conditional probabilities of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_resolution

... preterm labor or prematurity small for gestational age (SGA) uterine rupture uterine incarceration American Association of ... Prenatal development Fundal height Gestational age Human embryogenesis Maternal physiological changes Prenatal care - regular ... C-section dermatoses of pregnancy specific skin conditions during pregnancy diabetes eclampsia ectopic pregnancy gestational ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_obstetrics

The hospital treats infants, children, teens, and young adults even up to age 29 through their AYA cancer program.[32] MD ... gestational trophoblastic disease, pre-invasive diseases of the lower genital tract, and primary peritoneal cancer.[38] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Texas_M._D._Anderson_Cancer_Center

In addition to regular prenatal care, prenatal aneuploidy screening based on maternal age, nuchal translucency scan and ... In vanishing twin pregnancies with a second gestational sac with a dead fetus, first trimester screening should be based solely ... on the maternal age and the nuchal translucency scan as biomarkers are significantly altered in these cases.[33] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intracytoplasmic_sperm_injection?wprov=sfla1

Small for gestational age/Large for gestational age. *Preterm birth/Postmature birth ... If the injury occurs at age early enough to affect development (e.g. as a neonate or infant), it often leaves the patient with ... A similar injury may be observed at any age following trauma to the head and shoulder, which cause the nerves of the plexus to ... Although range of motion is recovered in many children under one year in age, individuals who have not yet healed after this ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erbs_Palsy

Gestational age should be expressed in completed cardinal days, weeks or months; ordinal numbers (and trimesters) should be ... This definition implies a legal perception of the age at which a fetus can survive out of the womb. With great advances in ... "The spontaneous or induced termination of pregnancy before the fetus reaches a viable age." "Taber's Medical Dictionary: ... "Interruption of pregnancy before the fetus has attained a stage of viability, usually before the 24th gestational week." " ...

https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gugur_kandungan

Ultrasound instead of last menstrual period as the basis of gestational age assignment. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology ... 母亲年龄 / 父亲年龄（英语：Paternal age effect） ...

https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/排卵

However, after about age five the child exhibits one primary consistent pattern of attachment in relationships.[12] ... Main, M.; Cassidy, J. (1988). "Categories of response to reunion with the parent at age 6: Predictable from infant attachment ... Children develop different patterns of attachment based on experiences and interactions with their caregivers at a young age. ... The pattern the child develops after age five demonstrates the specific parenting styles used during the developmental stages ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attachment_in_children

Nybo Andersen A, Wohlfahrt J, Christens P, Olsen J, Melbye M (2000). "[[Maternal age effect,Maternal age]]". BMJ. 320 (7251): ... "Pregnancy Over Age 30". MUSC Children's Hospital. Archived from the original on 13 November 2006. Retrieved 18 December 2006.. ... Kleinhaus K, Perrin M, Friedlander Y, Paltiel O, Malaspina D, Harlap S (2006). "Paternal age". Obstet Gynecol. 108 (2): 369-77 ... Slama R, Bouyer J, Windham G, Fenster L, Werwatz A, Swan S (2005). "Influence of paternal age on the risk of spontaneous ...

https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/ಗರ್ಭಪಾತ

Gestational age. *Infant cognitive development. *Kangaroo care. *Mother. *Nursery Rhyme. *Object permanence ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haberman_Feeder

Fox, Travelling Heroes in the Epic Age of Homer, 2008:127. *^ a b Nicole Sturzenberger (2007). "Olive Processing Waste ... Another trial stated that olive oil lowered the risk of dermatitis for infants in all gestational stages when compared with ... F. R. Riley, "Olive Oil Production on Bronze Age Crete: Nutritional properties, Processing methods, and Storage life of Minoan ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olive_oil

... shows severely impaired ductal outgrowth at 11 weeks of age.[17][18][19] However, by 15 weeks, ductal development has caught up ... and oral contraceptive use in healthy nulligravid women aged 19-25 years". Am. J. Epidemiol. 145 (7): 571-80. doi:10.1093/ ... as well as with high IGF-1 levels during oral contraceptive use and with lessening of the normal age-associated decline in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breast_development

Gestational age. *Infant cognitive development. *Kangaroo care. *Mother. *Nursery Rhyme. *Object permanence ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactivism

"Small for gestational age infants and sudden infant death syndrome: a confluence of complex conditions". Arch. Dis. Child. ... Age[change , change source]. SIDS only happens at certain ages. The risk of SIDS is highest in infants from two to four months ... By definition, SIDS deaths occur under the age of one year. Most happen when the infant is 2 to 4 months of age. This is a ... Mage DT (1996). "A probability model for the age distribution of SIDS". J Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Infant Mortal 1: 13-31. ...

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudden_infant_death_syndrome

The female makes up for this by lactating for as long as 12 months.[86] At seven weeks of age, the joey's head grows longer and ... Gifford, A.; Fry, G.; Houlden, B. A.; Fletcher, T. P.; Deane, E. M. (2002). "Gestational length in the koala, Phascolarctos ... Females become sexually mature at about three years of age and can then become pregnant; in comparison, males reach sexual ... Tobey, J. R.; Nute, T. R.; Bercovitch, F. B. (2009). "Age and seasonal changes in the semiochemicals of the sternal gland ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koalas

Mifepristone followed by misoprostol for abortion is considered both safe and effective throughout a range of gestational ages. ... persistent gestational sac, clinician judgment or patient request.. ... "Effectiveness of medical abortion with mifepristone and buccal misoprostol through 59 gestational days". Contraception. 80 (3 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_abortion

"Large-for-gestational-age newborns in women with insulin-treated gestational diabetes under strict metabolic control". Wiener ... Large for gestational age (LGA) is an indication of high prenatal growth rate. LGA is often defined as a weight, length, or ... Gestational age; pregnancies that go beyond 40 weeks increase incidence Fetal sex; male infants tend to weigh more than female ... "large-for-gestational-age infant" at Dorlands Medical Dictionary Xu H, Simonet F, Luo ZC (April 2010). "Optimal birth weight ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_for_gestational_age

Fetal development can be monitored to test for normal growth patterns.

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/imagepages/8662.htm

Gestational age is the age of a fetus or baby that starts on the ... developed than normal for the babys sex and gestational age. ... Small for gestational age means that a fetus or an infant is smaller or less ... Gestational age is the age of a fetus or baby that starts on the first day of the mothers last menstrual period. ... gestational age means that a fetus or an infant is smaller or less developed than normal for the babys sex and gestational age ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002302.htm

gestational diabetes clserc Does having gd always lead to an induction? My ob said the other day that hell probably want to ... gestational diabetes. Does having gd always lead to an induction? My ob said the other day that hell probably want to induce ... With gestational diabetes, moms pancreas is working overtime - although ineffectively - to produce insulin in an attempt to ... With gestational diabetes, moms pancreas is working overtime - although ineffectively - to produce insulin in an attempt to ...

https://www.medhelp.org/posts/Pregnancy-Ages-18-24-/gestational-diabetes/show/1875203

Help! 1st ultrasound showed gestational sac and yolk sac but no fetus. xo_mommy2be ... Help! 1st ultrasound showed gestational sac and yolk sac but no fetus. xo_mommy2be ... You are reading content posted in the Pregnancy: Ages 25-34 Community Browse Community ...

https://medhelp.org/posts/Pregnancy-Ages-25-34/gestational-sac/show/2069307

This racial/ethnic disparity was observed across gestational age groups. In general, across gestational age groups, infants of ... Gestational age terms are those commonly used by various medical, research, and public health organizations. However, because ... Gestational age was ascertained from the birth certificates obstetric estimate of completed weeks of gestation and categorized ... Infants delivered to black and American Indian/Alaska Native mothers are more likely to be born at earlier gestational ages (1 ...

https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/68/wr/mm6822a1.htm

... gestational age and appropriate-for-gestational-age infants of gestational diabetic mothers and control mothers at age 1 year. ... Gestational age - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Gestational age is the age of a fetus (or newborn infant) from the ... Gestational Age Determination. Gestational age determination involves procedures and tests used to check the age of a fetus ... gestational age (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12). The gestational age of a newborn is the length of his or her ...

http://www.factbites.com/topics/Gestational-age

... is fetal weight that is below the 10th percentile for gestational age. ... Gestational age can be calculated by using the first day of your last menstrual period (LMP) and also by early ultrasound ... If gestational age is less than 34 weeks, health care providers will continue monitoring until 34 weeks or beyond. Fetal well- ... If gestational age is 34 weeks or greater, health care providers may recommend being induced for early delivery. ...

https://americanpregnancy.org/pregnancy-complications/intrauterine-growth-restriction/

Gestational age is the age of an unborn baby. Its almost impossible to know with complete accuracy, but its generally ... Gestational age is typically calculated based on a womans menstrual cycle. There are certain ways to estimate the gestational ... The age of an unborn baby is known as the gestational age. This calculation is often difficult to make completely accurately, ... The baby books have been put away and knowing about normal gestational age and all that is behind me. Sara007 1 hours ago When ...

https://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-gestational-age.htm

... and using the mean gestational age of other embryos or fetuses of the same size. If the gestational age as calculated from an ... indicating that the gestational age estimated by ultrasonography should be used as the official gestational age. Once the ... potentially giving an estimated gestational age that is too low. Gestational age is used for example for:[citation needed] The ... sometimes incorporating weight as well as gestational age. The gestational age for statistical recording of fetal deaths ranges ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gestational_age

... small for gestational age (SGA) in very preterm infants across Europe. SGA describes a baby who is smaller than the usual ... Study examines small for gestational age across European countries. Wiley. Journal. Acta Paediatrica. Keywords. *HEALTH CARE ... A new study questions the use of common references for assessing small for gestational age (SGA) in very preterm infants ... To effectively benchmark outcomes for small for gestational very preterm infants across Europe, references should be adapted to ...

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2017-05/w-se050417.php

There are many established risk factors for babies who are small for gestational age (SGA) by population birth weight centiles ... Risk factors for small for gestational age infants Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2009 Dec;23(6):779-93. doi: 10.1016/j. ... There are many established risk factors for babies who are small for gestational age (SGA) by population birth weight centiles ... pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension. A short or very long inter-pregnancy interval, previous SGA infant or previous ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19604726/?dopt=Abstract

... low gestational age at birth was independently associated with increased mortality in early childhood and young adulthood. ... Gestational age at birth and mortality in young adulthood JAMA. 2011 Sep 21;306(11):1233-40. doi: 10.1001/jama.2011.1331. ... a strong inverse association was found between gestational age at birth and mortality in early childhood (ages 1-5 years: ... gestational age ,37 weeks), followed up to 2008 (ages 29-36 years). ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21934056/

Appropriate for gestational age (AGA). Definition Appropriate for gestational age (AGA) describes a fetus or newborn infant ... For infants weighing less, see: Small for gestational age (SGA) *For infants weighing more, see: Large for gestational age (LGA ... An appropriate for gestational age full-term infant is heavier than 2500 grams (about 5.5 lbs.) and lighter than about 4000 ... The measurement is calculated based on the estimated gestational age (how many weeks the mother was pregnant) in comparison to ...

http://www.northside.com/HealthLibrary/?Path=HIE+Multimedia%5C1%5C002225.htm

Gestational age based on menstrual dates is correlated with ultrasound-based gestational age but tends to be longer by 1.3 to ... gestational age.38-41 Our research question related to gestational age and not birth weight. Nonetheless, we examined the role ... gestational age compared with those born at 37- to 38-weeks gestational age.13 US children (n = 128 050) born at 37 to 38 ... gestational age is only corrected for infants born before 37 weeks gestational age. In this interpretation, a few weeks ...

http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/131/5/e1475

Use this simple online gestational age calculator, to do AOG calculation and find your gestational age with ease. ... Use this simple online gestational age calculator, to do AOG calculation and find your gestational age with ease. ... Use this simple online gestational age calculator, to do AOG calculation and find your gestational age with ease. ... Gestational Age: It is the number of weeks the pregnancy lasts or the age of the pregnancy. In other words, it is the number of ...

https://www.easycalculation.com/health/age-gestation-calculator.php

Scientific Experts about small for gestational age infant ... gestational diabetes, having a small for gestational age infant ... Outcome in preterm small for gestational age infants compared to appropriate for gestational age preterms at the age of 2 years ... small for gestational age infant. Summary. Summary: An infant having a birth weight lower than expected for its gestational age ... and an increased incidence of small-for-gestational age newborns.... *. Birthweight and gestational age as predictors of ...

https://www.labome.org/topics/persons/age/infant/newborn/low/small-for-gestational-age-infant-21459.html

Gestational age ranged from 23 to 42 weeks. Characteristics of the subjects are shown in Table 1. As expected, mean gestational ... Differential Patterns of 27 Cord Blood Immune Biomarkers Across Gestational Age. Nana Matoba, Yunxian Yu, Karen Mestan, Colleen ... Differential Patterns of 27 Cord Blood Immune Biomarkers Across Gestational Age. Nana Matoba, Yunxian Yu, Karen Mestan, Colleen ... Gestational age was assessed with an algorithm based on the last menstrual period and early ultrasound before 20 weeks ...

https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/123/5/1320?ijkey=87ed71e89b62cc37b269c5750d4d77398fbf95fa&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Ive mentioned it to a few people and everyone says that I need to be checked for gestational... ... Communities>Pregnancy: Ages 18-24 >Headaches - sign of gestational diabetes or just hormones ... Gestational diabetes happens later in pregnancy thats why they do the testing later. I figured it was all normal. These ... Gestational diabetes happens later in pregnancy thats why they do the testing later. I figured it was all normal. These ...

http://www.medhelp.org/posts/Pregnancy-Ages-18-24-/Headaches---sign-of-gestational-diabetes-or-just-hormones/show/1192050

Linked records with a missing gestational age (0.6% of the total), those with implausible gestational ages based on Alexanders ... this analysis might have included some misclassified gestational ages.. Adjusting for gestational age or its correlates (such ... index of birth weight for gestational age norms (0.6%) (6), and those with gestational ages ,20 weeks or ,44 weeks (1.1%) were ... Rate of neonatal deaths* attributable to congenital heart defects, by gestational age and black or white maternal race --- ...

https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5937a3.htm?s_cid=mm5937a3_w

Survival and morbidity of extremely premature infants based on obstetric assessment of gestational age.. Wood B1, Katz V, Bose ... whose gestational ages estimated by antenatal obstetric evaluation were between 24-29 completed weeks. Neonatal survival to 30 ... we present early morbidity and mortality data for extremely premature infants based on obstetric assessment of gestational age ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2586954?dopt=Abstract

Both the gestational age and the illness severity, as measured by the Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology (SNAP), independently ... Time of first stool in premature infants: effect of gestational age and illness severity.. Kumar SL1, Dhanireddy R. ... To assess the effect of gestational age and illness severity, and the effect of antenatal exposure to magnesium sulfate and ... Medical records of all preterm infants (born at , or = 36 weeks of gestational age) admitted to the neonatal intensive care ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8523200?dopt=Abstract

... were surveyed about their beliefs related to the meaning of full term and the safety of delivery at various gestational ages. ... To estimate womens understanding of the definition of full term and the gestational age at which it is safe to deliver an ... OBJECTIVES: To estimate womens understanding of the definition of full term and the gestational age at which it is safe to ... 2009). Womens perceptions regarding the safety of births at various gestational ages. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 114(6), 1254- ...

https://www.rti.org/publication/womens-perceptions-regarding-safety-births-various-gestational-ages

... is more likely among mothers who are advanced in age and overweight, a ... Age, BMI, race: factors for gestational diabetes Pregnancy complication gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is more likely ... An analysis of the interrelationship between maternal age, body mass index and racial origin in the development of gestational ... However, the age at which mothers face a greater chance of experiencing the problem was much younger in other races, with South ...

https://www.figo.org/news/age-bmi-race-factors-gestational-diabetes

... especially at gestational ages , 29 weeks. These data may be useful in decision-making and in counseling patients at risk for ... In each center gestational age was assessed by standardized methods. A birth weight and gestational age-specific mortality ... Results: In each birth weight group mortality decreased as the gestational age advanced; for each gestational age group heavier ... A multicenter study of preterm birth weight and gestational age-specific neonatal mortality Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1993 Jan;168(1 ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8420354/?dopt=Abstract

... has a significantly lower weight than other babies of the same gestational age. Gestational age is the number of weeks into ... A baby who is small for gestational age (SGA) ... Small for Gestational Age. Definition. A baby who is small for ... gestational age (SGA) has a significantly lower weight than other babies of the same gestational age. Gestational age is the ... Small for gestational age babies. Patient UK website. Available at: http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/small-for-gestational-age- ...

http://www.winchesterhospital.org/health-library/article?id=882158

... birthweight and gestational age - was missing; among these were 12 with gestational age more than 44 weeks and 146 with sex ... current data will therefore increase the rate of small for gestational age and decrease the rate of large for gestational age ... increase in those identified as large for gestational age.9 Increases in age-specific 10th and 90th percentiles observed from ... Birthweight is recorded to the nearest 5 g, with gestational age recorded in completed weeks based on the first day of the last ...

https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2012/197/5/australian-national-birthweight-percentiles-sex-and-gestational-age-1998-2007

U.S. Government Made Humanized Mice With Tissue from Babies 17- to 22-Weeks Gestational Age. By Terence P. Jeffrey , August 5 ... Each mouse would get a piece of thymus and a piece of liver taken from the same 17-to-22-week gestational age human baby. The ... They indicated that the human tissue donors were at 17 to 22 weeks gestational age and that their tissue was provided to the ... The questions included inquiries about the minimum and maximum gestational ages a baby needed to be in order to donate a liver ...

https://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/terence-p-jeffrey/us-government-made-humanized-mice-tissue-babies-17-22-weeks

... of the gestational ages from the six charts from either the IVF true gestational age or The Monash Chart gestational age ( ... Construction of New Chart Based on True Gestational Age. We plotted CRLs against gestational age determined by IVF dating on a ... generated a CRL reference chart based on true gestational age in an IVF cohort that can accurately determine gestational age at ... We found the mean gestational age estimated by all these charts varied significantly to IVF dates (. 𝑃. ,. 0. .. 0. 0. 0. 1. ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn/2012/938583/

February 10, 2012 (Dallas, Texas) - Contrary to widespread belief, cesarean delivery is no safer than vaginal delivery for infants who are premature and small for gestational age , according to research presented here at the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine 32nd Annual Meeting. (medscape.com)
The same is true for preterm infants who are small for gestational age, meaning less than the tenth percentile in weight," she told Medscape Medical News . (medscape.com)
More than half of the preterm, small for gestational age infants were delivered by cesarean in this study, despite the ACOG recommendation. (medscape.com)
One of the difficulties in studying this particular situation with preterm, small for gestational age infants is that the numbers tend to be very small and it's hard to get a critical mass of infants that fall within that criteria to come to a good conclusion. (medscape.com)
The prevalence of infants receiving any breast milk was 83.9% overall and varied by gestational age, with 71.3% of extremely preterm infants, 76.0% of early preterm infants, 77.3% of late preterm infants, and 84.6% of term infants receiving any breast milk. (cdc.gov)
Analysis was restricted to infants with gestational ages ≥20 weeks who were not transferred to another facility within 24 hours of delivery and who were living at the time of birth certificate completion. (cdc.gov)
A new study questions the use of common references for assessing 'small for gestational age' (SGA) in very preterm infants across Europe. (eurekalert.org)
To effectively benchmark outcomes for small for gestational very preterm infants across Europe, references should be adapted to each population," said Dr. Jennifer Zeitlin, lead author of the Acta Paediatrica study. (eurekalert.org)
Large for gestational age (LGA) describes full-term or post-term infants that are born of high birth weight. (wikipedia.org)
In infants with birth weight above the 97th percentile in their gestational age and gender group, research has shown that greater risk of long-term health complications and fatal outcomes are present in LGA infants. (wikipedia.org)
To examine the relationship between gestational age and mental and psychomotor development scores in healthy infants born between 37 and 41 weeks. (aappublications.org)
In a large sample of healthy full-term infants, developmental scores obtained using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development at 12 months increased with gestational age (37-41 weeks). (aappublications.org)
Cognitive and motor developmental test scores of preterm and late preterm infants increase with gestational age. (aappublications.org)
Developmental test scores in full-term infants have not previously been considered to relate to gestational age. (aappublications.org)
In a cohort of healthy, full-term infants, 37 to 41 weeks, 12-month mental and psychomotor scores on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development increased with gestational age, suggesting that neurodevelopment is optimal in infants born at 39 to 41 weeks. (aappublications.org)
Poisson regression was used to calculate the rate ratio (RR) comparing neonatal mortality attributable to congenital heart defects among infants of black mothers with white mothers by gestational age group. (cdc.gov)
Congenital heart defect neonatal mortality rates by weeks of gestational age also were estimated for infants of black mothers compared with white mothers. (cdc.gov)
HealthDay)-Receipt of any breast milk varies with gestational age, ranging from 71.3 percent of extremely preterm infants to 84.6 percent of term infants, according to research published in the June 7 issue of the U.S. (medicalxpress.com)
In a large case-control study, we addressed the hypothesis that infants with congenital heart defects are more likely to be small for gestational age than infants without congenital heart defects after controlling for selected maternal and infant characteristics. (biomedsearch.com)
Congenital heart defect infants were significantly more likely to be small for gestational age than control infants. (biomedsearch.com)
CONCLUSIONS: Infants with congenital heart defects are approximately twice as likely to be small for gestational age as control subjects. (biomedsearch.com)
Although the etiology of growth retardation among infants with congenital heart defects is uncertain, further exploration may uncover a common pathogenesis or causal relationship between congenital heart defects and small for gestational age. (biomedsearch.com)
for each gestational age group heavier infants had less mortality. (nih.gov)
To present updated national birthweight percentiles by gestational age for male and female singleton infants born in Australia. (mja.com.au)
Birthweight percentiles are presented by sex and gestational age for a total of 2 528 641 births, after excluding 8986 infants with outlying birthweights. (mja.com.au)
3 Birthweight percentiles form a reference incorporating weight and gestational age of infants at birth and are used as an adjunct for detecting neonates at higher risk of neonatal and postneonatal morbidity and growth impairment. (mja.com.au)
The Continuous Positive Airway Pressure or Intubation at Birth (COIN) trial assigned 610 infants who were born at 25-28 weeks of gestational age to CPAP or intubation and ventilation at 5 minutes after birth [8]. (indianpediatrics.net)
The Surfactant Positive Pressure and Pulse Oximetry Randomized Trial (SUPPORT) by the NICHD Neonatal Research Network included infants between 24 and 27 week of gestational age, who were assigned to intubation and surfactant treatment within 1 hour after birth or to CPAP treatment, including the possibility of surfactant administration if intubation criteria were met [9]. (indianpediatrics.net)
88 were preterm infants - 44 females (22 small and 22 appropriate for gestational age) and 44 males (22 small and 22 appropriate for gestational age). (scielo.br)
The preterm infants were compared to 88 term infants - 44 females (22 small and 22 appropriate for gestational age) and 44 males (22 small and 22 appropriate for gestational age). (scielo.br)
Gender and gestational age influence term infants' ABR, with lower responses in females. (scielo.br)
The birth weights of 12837 live birth singleton infants born to HIV negative women between 28 and 42 weeks of gestation were analyzed to construct the birth weight curves for gestational age and sex. (hindawi.com)
The smoothed percentile curves of birth weights for gestational age and sex of Cameroonian infants have demonstrated an increasing slope until 40 weeks and then a plateau. (hindawi.com)
There was a varied difference of distribution in birth weights for gestational age between Cameroonian, Botswanan, American, and French infants. (hindawi.com)
However, it is well recognized that there is a wide variation in the birth weight for gestational age of infants depending on ethnicity and sex [ 5 , 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
The establishment of specific norms of birth weight for gestational age in a Cameroonian population may be an important step towards identifying infants at higher risk of early morbidity or death. (hindawi.com)
The purpose of this study is to investigate the safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics (PK) of dexmedetomidine (DEX) at 3 different dose levels in infants, ages ≥28 weeks to ≤44 weeks gestational age, administered as a loading dose followed by a continuous infusion for a minimum of 6 hours and up to 24 hours in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), cardiac intensive care unit (CICU), or pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). (clinicaltrials.gov)
Small for gestational age (SGA) infants are at increased risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood. (frontiersin.org)
Yearly, millions of human infants are born small for gestational age (SGA), and these infants are at higher risk for later diseases such as diabetes and hypertension ( 1 ), particularly if their weight gain is excessive in early infancy ( 2 , 3 ) and if they receive protein-enriched formula-feeding (FOF) instead of breast-feeding (BRF) ( 4 - 6 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
Between birth and 4 months, we studied how SGA-BRF and SGA-FOF infants distribute their weight gain as compared with BRF controls born appropriate for gestational age (AGA). (diabetesjournals.org)
Small for gestational age was defined as infants weighing less than the 10th centile birth weight for gestational age and sex with the multiethnic, INTERGROWTH-21(st) birth weight standard. (unc.edu)
In low and middle income countries, an estimated 606 500 (495 000 to 773 000) neonatal deaths were attributable to infants born small for gestational age, 21.9% of all neonatal deaths. (unc.edu)
about 26% of neonatal deaths were attributable to infants born small for gestational age. (unc.edu)
To compare the neurologic and cognitive outcomes of 129 premature small for gestational age (SGA) infants with 300 premature appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants through 6 years of age. (rti.org)
Infants born at less than or equal to 37 weeks gestational age and less than or equal to 2500 g with birth weight 2 standard deviations or more below the mean birth weight for gestational age were categorized as SGA. (rti.org)
Cognitive and neurologic outcomes of SGA and AGA prematures at 1, 2, 3, and 5 and/or 6 years of age were compared when the infants were stratified by gestational age in 2-week intervals or by birth weight in 500-g intervals. (rti.org)
SGA infants had significantly poorer cognitive scores at each age when compared with AGA infants of similar gestational ages. (rti.org)
Normal neurologic status was more likely at all assessments for the AGA than for SGA infants of comparable gestational age. (rti.org)
ORLANDO, FLA. The national trend toward infants being born at lower gestational ages may have significant, negative consequences for infants with congenital heart disease even those considered full-term. (uc.edu)
Comparison between adequate for gestational age and small for gestational age infants paired by birth weight. (thefreedictionary.com)
Factors that occur between consecutive pregnancies may influence repeated excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) and infants born large-for-gestational age (LGA). (eurekamag.com)
Infants were considered LGA if birthweight was in the 90th percentile or greater for gestational age. (eurekamag.com)
Itoh T, Matsuda Y, Itoh H, Ogawa M, Sasaki K, Kanayama N. Intrauterine Fetal and Neonatal Death between Small for Date and Non-Small for Date in Small for Gestational Age Infants. (medsci.org)

Babies that are large for gestational age throughout the pregnancy may be suspected because of an ultrasound, but fetal weight estimations in pregnancy are quite imprecise. (wikipedia.org)
Gestational age is the number of weeks and days a fetus has developed since the beginning of the pregnancy , or gestation . (factbites.com)
Gestational age is the age of a fetus (or newborn infant) from the beginning of pregnancy . (factbites.com)
Knowledge of the gestational age is important in assessing whether or not a pregnancy is progressing normally and also in evaluating the health status of a newborn. (factbites.com)
Assigning size such as SGA (small for gestational age ), LGA (large for gestational age ), or AGA is a way to measure and monitor the growth of the infant throughout the pregnancy as well as at the time of birth. (factbites.com)
Ultrasound , particularly early in the pregnancy, can reveal physical indicators of the fetus's age. (wisegeek.com)
When done early in a pregnancy, ultrasound can show physical indicators of the age of a fetus. (wisegeek.com)
Gestational age is a measure of the age of a pregnancy which is taken from the beginning of the woman's last menstrual period (LMP), or the corresponding age of the gestation as estimated by a more accurate method if available. (wikipedia.org)
The initiation of pregnancy for the calculation of gestational age can be different from definitions of initiation of pregnancy in context of the abortion debate or beginning of human personhood. (wikipedia.org)
If the gestational age as calculated from an early ultrasound is contradictory to the one calculated directly from the last menstrual period, it is still the one from the early ultrasound that is used for the rest of the pregnancy. (wikipedia.org)
Once the estimated due date (EDD) is established, it should rarely be changed, as the determination of gestational age is most accurate earlier in the pregnancy. (wikipedia.org)
The actual variability between gestational age as estimated from the beginning of the last menstrual period (without the use of any additional method mentioned in previous section) is substantially larger because of uncertainty which menstrual cycle gave rise to the pregnancy. (wikipedia.org)
For example, the menstruation may be scarce enough to give the false appearance that an earlier menstruation gave rise to the pregnancy, potentially giving an estimated gestational age that is approximately one month too large. (wikipedia.org)
Classification of infant deaths and stillbirths Postnatally (after birth) to estimate various risk factors The mean pregnancy length has been estimated to be 283.4 days of gestational age as timed from the first day of the last menstrual period and 280.6 days when retrospectively estimated by obstetric ultrasound measurement of the fetal biparietal diameter (BPD) in the second trimester. (wikipedia.org)
Risk factors developing in pregnancy include heavy bleeding in early pregnancy, placental abruption, pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension. (nih.gov)
It is the number of weeks the pregnancy lasts or the age of the pregnancy. (easycalculation.com)
Small for gestational age is a term used to describe a baby who is smaller than the usual amount for the number of weeks of pregnancy. (chop.edu)
Gestational diabetes happens later in pregnancy thats why they do the testing later. (medhelp.org)
OBJECTIVES: To estimate women's understanding of the definition of full term and the gestational age at which it is safe to deliver an otherwise healthy pregnancy. (rti.org)
Pregnancy complication gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is more likely among mothers who are advanced in age and overweight, a maternal and newborn health study has revealed. (figo.org)
Should the upper limit of TSH vary by gestational age during early pregnancy? (thyroid.org)
Gestational age is the number of weeks into pregnancy. (winchesterhospital.org)
Birthweight is recorded to the nearest 5 g, with gestational age recorded in completed weeks based on the first day of the last menstrual period or the best available clinical estimate (including early pregnancy ultrasound examination). (mja.com.au)
It is therefore a good time in pregnancy to determine gestational age by ultrasound where the crown-rump length (CRL) is measured and compared to published reference charts. (hindawi.com)
80 mm Hg) women as reference, we calculated adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals between prehypertension (DBP 80-89 mm Hg) at 36 gestational weeks (late pregnancy) and risks of a small-for-gestational-age (SGA) birth or stillbirth. (ahajournals.org)
Furthermore, F-AGE concentrations did not change significantly during the pregnancy (12-32 weeks of gestation). (scielo.br)
Twin Pregnancy - Gestational Age 2 Weeks Apart? (twin-pregnancy-and-beyond.com)
A new Kaiser Permanente study, published in Pediatric Obesity, found that pre-pregnancy obesity and excessive weight gain during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of the child becoming overweight at age 2. (medicalxpress.com)
Adverse pregnancy outcome and association with small for gestational age birth weight by customised and population-based percentiles. (thefreedictionary.com)
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), or glucose intolerance first recognized during pregnancy, affects 3-8% of pregnancies in the U.S. ( 1 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common pregnancy complications, affecting ∼2-7% of all pregnancies in the U.S. ( 1 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
Moreover, they were more likely to be overweight or obese before pregnancy, to have a higher BMI at 18 years of age and before the index pregnancy, and to gain more weight since 18 years of age than women with older ages at menarche. (diabetesjournals.org)
Gestational age is the duration of pregnancy in completed weeks. (aihw.gov.au)
Large for gestational age is used to describe newborn babies who weigh more than the usual amount for the number of weeks of pregnancy. (vidanthealth.com)
Women who gain a lot of weight during pregnancy often give birth to babies who are large for gestational age. (vidanthealth.com)
Gestational age is the age of the pregnancy from the last normal menstrual period (LMP) and fetal age is the actual age of the growing baby. (armystudyguide.com)
The later the pregnancy, the larger the standard deviation of the estimated gestational age and thus estimated date of delivery (EDD) is. (radiopaedia.org)
The gestational age is the length of a pregnancy from the first day of the last menstrual cycle. (wcpo.com)
At about 5 months gestational age, a fetus begins to have the look of a newborn but likely would not survive outside the womb, according to the American Pregnancy Association. (wcpo.com)
The optimum time for sonographic estimation of fetal age and litter size is early and mid pregnancy. (vetcontact.com)
Does lack of multinutrient supplementation during early pregnancy increase vulnerability to alcohol-related preterm or small-for-gestational-age births? (biomedsearch.com)
The objective of this study was to assess whether women who do not take multinutrient supplements during early pregnancy are more susceptible to the effects of low-to-moderate alcohol consumption on preterm birth and small-for-gestational-age birth (SGA) compared to women who do take multinutrients. (biomedsearch.com)
Our findings provide marginal evidence that multinutrient supplementation during early pregnancy may modify the risk of SGA births and preterm birth associated with alcohol consumption during pregnancy and may have important implications for pregnant women and women of child-bearing age. (biomedsearch.com)
Birth weight and smoking during pregnancy-effect modification by maternal age. (springer.com)
The International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (ISUOG) recommends that pregnant women have routine obstetric ultrasounds between 18 weeks' and 22 weeks' gestational age (the anatomy scan) in order to confirm pregnancy dating, to measure the fetus so that growth abnormalities can be recognized quickly later in pregnancy, and to assess for congenital malformations and multiple pregnancies (twins, etc). (wikipedia.org)
Research shows that routine obstetric ultrasound before 24 weeks' gestational age can significantly reduce the risk of failing to recognize multiple gestations and can improve pregnancy dating to reduce the risk of labor induction for post-dates pregnancy. (wikipedia.org)
The following 3D ultrasound images were taken at different stages of pregnancy: Play media 3D Ultrasound of fetal movements at 12 weeks 75-mm fetus (about 14 weeks' gestational age) Fetus at 17 weeks Fetus at 20 weeks A gestational sac can be reliably seen on transvaginal ultrasound by 5 weeks' gestational age (approximately 3 weeks after ovulation). (wikipedia.org)

11 Dammann et al 12 measured levels of 16 cytokines in extremely low gestational age newborns and found that levels of some cytokines were higher than published values from term newborns. (aappublications.org)
This analysis was performed to present updated neonatal mortality data by age and birth weight for preterm newborns and to demonstrate the influence of plurality, ethnicity, and infant sex on mortality. (nih.gov)
There is a growing body of evidence over the last years suggesting continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) ventilation being the first choice of ventilatory support in newborns with extremely low gestational age, and early rescue surfactant treatment being as effective as prophylactic therapy. (indianpediatrics.net)
Some recent trials focussed on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment and optimal surfactant timing in extremely low gestational age newborns [8-11]. (indianpediatrics.net)
To investigate the influence of gender and weight/gestational age ratio on the Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) in preterm (PT) and term (T) newborns. (scielo.br)
ABR response did not differentiate newborns regarding weight/gestational age in males and females. (scielo.br)
Thresholds for small for gestational age among newborns of East Asian and South Asian ancestry. (thefreedictionary.com)
We prospectively studied early changes in fasting insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion, assessed by a short intravenous glucose tolerance test that was conducted several times from birth to 3 years of age in 55 SGA (birthweight below fifth percentile) newborns and in 13 newborns with a birthweight appropriate for gestational age (AGA). (springer.com)
Fifty-two children (31 boys, 21 girls) with normal height and weight, also born moderately preterm and included in the same study as newborns, and with a mean age of 5 years and 7 months (range 5.3 to 6.1 years) served as controls.Pattern-reversal VEPs to checks 60 min arc with a stimulus rate of 2 Hz were recorded at 1 meter distance. (arvojournals.org)

However, a new study of neonates who were small for gestational age showed that cesarean delivery did not have fewer complications, and in fact had an increased risk for respiratory distress. (medscape.com)
Depending on the definitions used, up to 10% of all live-born neonates are small for gestational age (SGA). (nih.gov)
Small for gestational age status may affect clinical management decisions, therapeutic response, and prognosis of neonates with congenital heart defects. (biomedsearch.com)
All small for gestational age neonates, meriting inclusion criteria were included in the study. (thefreedictionary.com)
The purpose of this study is to evaluate if the observed differences in the weight gain rate of SGA neonates is maintained after comparing a matched cohort of SGA and adequate for gestational age (AGA) neonates. (thefreedictionary.com)
To demonstrate the differences in intrauterine fetal deaths and neonatal deaths between small for date (SFD) and Non-SFD neonates by applying a novel classification from both Z scores of placental weight (PW) and fetal/placental weight ratio (F/P) to small for gestational age (SGA) neonates. (medsci.org)

Small for gestational age means that a fetus or an infant is smaller or less developed than normal for the baby's sex and gestational age. (medlineplus.gov)
Determination of gestational age is an important factor in planning appropriate care for the fetus or infant. (factbites.com)
A premature infant is often referred to in terms of gestational age (a "30-weeker"), which implies a particular point of development at birth. (factbites.com)
Once a premature infant is born, the gestational age is also referred to as the infant's postconceptional age . (factbites.com)
The gestational age of a fetus or newborn infant corresponds to how far along it is in the gestation period, usually measured in weeks and days from the first day of the mother's last menstrual period . (factbites.com)
Appropriate for gestational age , or AGA, describes a fetus or newborn infant whose size is within the normal range for his gestational age . (factbites.com)
Appropriate for gestational age (AGA) describes a fetus or newborn infant whose size is within the normal range for his or her gestational age . (northside.com)
An appropriate for gestational age full-term infant is heavier than 2500 grams (about 5.5 lbs.) and lighter than about 4000 grams (about 8.75 lbs. (northside.com)
4 Less attention has been paid to the relationship between gestational age and development within the full-term range, even though more than a decade ago, research showed that specific neurologic and physical characteristics of the infant change between 37 and 41 weeks' gestation. (aappublications.org)
An infant having a birth weight lower than expected for its gestational age. (labome.org)
To assess neonatal mortality attributable to congenital heart defects by maternal race and gestational age, CDC analyzed linked U.S. birth and infant death data for 2003--2006. (cdc.gov)
Because not all infant death records could be linked to the corresponding birth certificate, estimates of neonatal deaths were weighted according to the percentage of records linked by state and age at death. (cdc.gov)
B irthweight remains one of the strongest predictors of infant mortality and morbidity, 1 , 2 and it has been established that assessing an infant's birthweight requires summary data that account for gestational age. (mja.com.au)
For example, an infant born on the 5th day of the 36th week (35 weeks and 5/7 days) is at a gestational age of 35 weeks, not 36 weeks. (jointcommission.org)
Infant whose birth weight is below the tenth percentile for gestational age. (thefreedictionary.com)
Developmental outcome and follow-up of the small for gestational age infant. (thefreedictionary.com)
Infant outcomes in the study will be measured with gestational age and birthweight. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Large for gestational age means that a fetus or infant is larger or more developed than normal for the baby's gestational age. (stlukes-stl.com)
Large for gestational age (LGA) refers to a fetus or infant who is larger than expected for their age and gender. (stlukes-stl.com)
The LGA measurement is based on the estimated gestational age of the fetus or infant. (stlukes-stl.com)
Their actual measurements are compared with normal height, weight, head size, and development of a fetus or infant of the same age and gender. (stlukes-stl.com)
Previous human and animal studies have shown VEP (Visual Evoked Potential) abnormalities in newborn and infant individuals born Small for Gestational Age (SGA), with most studies showing delayed and diminished VEP responses in SGA individuals compared with controls. (arvojournals.org)
Small for gestational age (SGA) refers to an infant born with a weight or length, two standard deviations (SDs) below the mean for his/her gestational age. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
Gestational age estimation at time of birth is critical for determining the degree of prematurity of the infant and for administering appropriate postnatal treatment. (osapublishing.org)
We investigated the relation between maternal anxiety, optimism, gestational age and infant birth weight in a cohort of 667 nulliparous women from the Prenatal Exposures and Preeclampsia Prevention study, Pittsburgh PA. (springer.com)

Also, vaginal bleeding occurs during 15-25% of first trimester pregnancies, and may be mistaken as menstruation, potentially giving an estimated gestational age that is too low. (wikipedia.org)
We assessed the performance of six existing ultrasound reference charts to determine gestational age in 1268 singleton IVF pregnancies, where "true" gestational age could be precisely calculated from date of fertilisation. (hindawi.com)
It allows the clinicians to better time gestation-specific antenatal screening tests, reduces erroneous labelling of pregnancies as very preterm, preterm, and small-for-gestational-age, and decreases the risk of inappropriate induction of labour [ 1 - 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
For the current study, the final sample included 27,482 women (42,109 eligible pregnancies) who did not have diabetes and other major chronic diseases at baseline or prior to GDM, and were observed until 2001 (after which most women had passed the reproductive age). (diabetesjournals.org)
Log-binomial models were performed to estimate the risk ratio (RR) and 95% CI of GDM associated with age at menarche, with generalized estimating equations assuming a similar within-person correlation across two or more pregnancies for a single woman. (diabetesjournals.org)
It is the purpose of this study to estimate the association between birth weight, placenta weight, and gestational age in consecutive pregnancies which survived till after 28th week of gestation. (arctichealth.org)
A cohort of 246 women with singleton uncomplicated pregnancies and early ultrasound-confirmed gestational age was recruited from the community antenatal clinics in the Tygerberg area (Elsies River, Bishop Lavis, Bellville South, Delft and Belhar). (scielo.org.za)
To compare the value of these parameters in assessing fetal age a cross sectional study on 220 singleton pregnancies with the gestational age of 16-40 weeks was designed. (sid.ir)
As multiple pregnancies show a higher incidence of complications than singletons and carry a higher perinatal risk, the calculation of birth weight - and gestational age (GA)-specific perinatal mortality rates (PMR) for multiple births is necessary in order to estimate the lowest PMR for these groups. (biomedcentral.com)

Ultrasound is used to find out if a fetus is smaller than normal for their age. (medlineplus.gov)
1st ultrasound showed gestational sac and yolk sac but no fetus. (medhelp.org)
The most common definition of Intrauterine Growth Restrictio n (IUGR) is a fetal weight that is below the 10th percentile for gestational age as determined through an ultrasound . (americanpregnancy.org)
Gestational age can be calculated by using the first day of your last menstrual period (LMP) and also by early ultrasound calculations. (americanpregnancy.org)
Following are diagrams for estimating gestational age from obstetric ultrasound, by various target parameters: By gestational sac diameter By crown-rump length (CRL) By biparietal diameter (BPD) The fertilization or conceptional age (also called embryonic age and later fetal age) is the time from the fertilization. (wikipedia.org)
Most of these charts are based on menstrual age to estimate gestational age at the day of the ultrasound examination, based on modest sample sizes, generated many years ago using ultrasound machines of poorer resolution, or used transabdominal measurements (which gives poorer pictures relative to a transvaginal approach) [ 6 - 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
The gestational age on the ultrasound is comparing the size of your baby to the average size of babies done during a controlled study. (whattoexpect.com)
Hi, My LMP (last menstrual period) states I am 13 weeks but ultrasound gestational date states 13+5 which should I be following? (babycentre.co.uk)
4 The accuracy of fetal or birth weight for gestational age centile charts can be improved by including only women who had their gestational age confirmed by early ultrasound prior to gestational age of 24 weeks. (scielo.org.za)
Source: ZM Lenard, BJ Hopper, NV Lester, JL Richardson, ID Robertson (2007): Accuracy of prediction of canine litter size and gestational age with ultrasound. (vetcontact.com)
The heartbeat is usually seen on transvaginal ultrasound by the time the embryo measures 5 mm, but may not be visible until the embryo reaches 19 mm, around 7 weeks' gestational age. (wikipedia.org)
Ultrasound scans offer an alternative method of estimating gestational age. (wikipedia.org)

The objective of this research was to compare the association of birthweight alone with gender-specific birthweight-for-gestational age on childhood cancer risk in a large population-based case-control study in Germany. (nih.gov)
4 kg) and was 1.45 (1.07-1.97) in the large-for-gestational age (LGA) category compared to the normal birthweight (2.5-4 kg) and the appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) categories, respectively. (nih.gov)
However, the agreement between the birthweight and birthweight-for-gestational age was only moderate. (nih.gov)
Of these, 2 537 627 had a gestational age between 20 and 44 weeks, and sex and birthweight data were available. (mja.com.au)
There has been only a small increase in birthweight percentiles for babies of both sexes and most gestational ages since 1991-1994. (mja.com.au)
A birthweight small or large for gestational age, often defined as being lower than the 10th percentile or higher than the 90th percentile, provides an indication of risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality. (mja.com.au)
Identification of babies who are small or large for gestational age is important for clinical management, 14 and Australian birthweight percentiles continue to be used for both clinical and research purposes. (mja.com.au)
Relationship of ergonomic stressors to birthweight and gestational age. (sjweh.fi)
After a consideration of the major methodological problems encountered in studying effects of ergonomic stressors on birthweight and gestational age, epidemiologic studies that have addressed this issue are reviewed. (sjweh.fi)
Working party to discuss nomenclature based on gestational age and birthweight. (bmj.com)

One of the primary risk factors of LGA is poorly-controlled diabetes, particularly gestational diabetes (GD), as well as preexisting diabetes mellitus (DM) (preexisting type 2 is associated more with macrosomia, while preexisting type 1 can be associated with microsomia). (wikipedia.org)
An analysis of the interrelationship between maternal age, body mass index and racial origin in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus , published in BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , also discovered racial variations. (figo.org)
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are involved in the pathogenesis and complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). (scielo.br)
Elevated AGEs concentrations are associated with several diseases, including diabetes mellitus (DM) ( 5 , 7 , 8 ). (scielo.br)
OBJECTIVE -To estimate the prevalence of several health-related behaviors among women of reproductive age with and without a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (hGDM). (diabetesjournals.org)
Better characterization of women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (hGDM) has taken on heightened urgency after the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) found that its lifestyle intervention prevented or delayed the onset of type 2 diabetes ( 6 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between age at menarche and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). (diabetesjournals.org)

LGA is often defined as a weight, length, or head circumference that lies above the 90th percentile for that gestational age. (wikipedia.org)
A baby is also called "large for gestational age" if its weight is greater than the 90th percentile at birth. (wikipedia.org)
The most common definition of small for gestational age (SGA) is a birth weight that is below the 10th percentile. (medlineplus.gov)
The term LGA or large for gestational age is defined by birth weight above the 90th percentile for their gestational age and gender. (wikipedia.org)
Using generalized linear modeling, we analyzed the association between gestational age and 1-year-old developmental status, taking into account potential confounders including birth weight percentile, gender, socioeconomic status, the home environment, iron status, and iron supplementation. (aappublications.org)
SGA babies usually have birthweights below the 10th percentile for babies of the same gestational age. (chop.edu)
Small for gestational age was defined as birth weight below the 10th percentile for gestational age and gender. (biomedsearch.com)
To establish the percentile charts of birth weights for gestational age and sex within the Cameroonian population. (hindawi.com)
90th percentile) babies may be identified using the centile charts of birth weight for gestational age and sex [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
The aim of this study was to establish the percentile charts of birth weights for gestational age and sex within the Cameroonian population. (hindawi.com)
LGA babies have birthweights greater than the 90th percentile for their gestational age, meaning that they weigh more than 90 percent of all babies of the same gestational age. (nyhq.org)
Preterm birth (n=53, 7%) was defined as a delivery prior to 37 completed weeks of gestation and SGA birth (n=124, 16%) was defined as birth weight less than the 10th percentile for the infant's gestational age and sex compared to US singleton live births. (biomedsearch.com)

Gestational age is also used as a baseline to identify babies who are at risk because of their small size--small for gestational age (SGA) or small for date (SFD). (factbites.com)
AGA babies have lower rates of disease and death than babies that are small or large for their gestational age. (northside.com)
This means that they are smaller than many other babies of the same gestational age. (chop.edu)
SGA babies may appear physically and neurologically mature but are smaller than other babies of the same gestational age. (chop.edu)
A baby who is small for gestational age (SGA) has a significantly lower weight than other babies of the same gestational age. (winchesterhospital.org)
These babies have normal development but are just small compared to others their age. (winchesterhospital.org)
Symptoms of SGA include a birth weight that is in the lowest 10% of babies with of the same gestational age. (winchesterhospital.org)
CNSNews.com) - A group of government researchers working for a National Institutes of Health laboratory in Montana made "humanized mice" by implanting the mice with tissues cut from human livers and thymuses taken from babies at 17 to 22 weeks gestational age. (cnsnews.com)
Babies are called large for gestational age if they weigh more than 9 in 10 babies of the same gestational age. (vidanthealth.com)
Most babies who are large for gestational age are born at full-term. (vidanthealth.com)
Some premature babies may be large for gestational age. (vidanthealth.com)
Diabetes in the mother is the most common cause of babies who are large for gestational age. (vidanthealth.com)
Which babies are at risk for large for gestational age? (vidanthealth.com)
Many babies who are large for gestational age also have yellowing of the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes (jaundice). (vidanthealth.com)
Babies who are large for gestational age are at higher risk for a breathing problem called respiratory distress syndrome. (vidanthealth.com)
Birth injuries such as a broken collar bone are more common in babies who are large for gestational age. (vidanthealth.com)
In 2006-2007, more than 54,000 (or one in seven) babies across Canada were born preterm or small for their gestational age (SGA). (longwoods.com)
The diagnosis of IUGR is typically based on a baby being small for gestational age (SGA) - meaning that it is smaller than 90% of babies of the same gestational age and sex. (longwoods.com)
A 2007 ACOG and March of Dimes survey of almost 20,000 births conducted in Hospital Corporation of America hospitals found that almost one-third of all term babies 37 weeks gestational age or greater were electively delivered with 5 percent delivered in a manner violating ACOG/AAP guidelines. (wsha.org)
Our study emphasises the use and interpretation of measures of discriminatory accuracy (ie, capacity to distinguish between small for gestational age (SGA) and non-SGA babies) when evaluating risk factors. (bmj.com)

WFTV.com - Health Encyclopedia - Gestational Age: What's Considered Premature? (factbites.com)

Gestational age was ascertained from the birth certificate's obstetric estimate of completed weeks of gestation and categorized as extremely preterm (20-27 weeks), early preterm (28-33 weeks), late preterm (34-36 weeks), and term (≥37 weeks) † ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
The gestational age of a newborn is the length of his or her gestation up to delivery. (factbites.com)
Graphs are available showing the upper and lower normal limits for different gestational ages from the mid-20s through 42 weeks of gestation. (northside.com)
Thus we generated a new reference chart, The Monash Chart, based on a line of best fit describing crown-rump length across 6 + 1 to 9 + 0 weeks of gestation (true gestational age) in the IVF singleton cohort. (hindawi.com)
We have generated a CRL reference chart based on true gestational age in an IVF cohort that can accurately determine gestational age at 6-9 weeks of gestation. (hindawi.com)
We examined CRL lengths at 6-9 weeks of gestation measured in a large IVF cohort where gestational age could be calculated from date of fertilisation. (hindawi.com)
Gestational age is defined as the best obstetrical estimate (OE) of the newborn's gestation in completed weeks based on the birth attendant's final estimate of gestation , irrespective of whether the gestation results in a live birth or a fetal death. (jointcommission.org)
Higher systolic, but not diastolic, blood pressure at baseline (8 weeks of gestation) and a greater increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure between 18 and 36 weeks of gestation were associated with lower offspring birth weight and being smaller for gestational age in confounder-adjusted models. (ahajournals.org)
Gestational age is reported in 3 categories: pre-term (less than 37 weeks gestation), term (37 to 41 weeks) and post-term (42 weeks and over). (aihw.gov.au)
5 The ultrasonic estimated fetal weight (EFW) is the method of choice to establish a reference range for weight for gestational age in early gestation. (scielo.org.za)
After 13 weeks of gestation, the fetal age may be estimated using the biparietal diameter (the transverse diameter of the head, across the two parietal bones), the head circumference, the length of the femur, the crown-heel length (head to heel), and other fetal parameters. (wikipedia.org)

37 weeks) is associated with poorer developmental outcomes compared with full-term birth (37-41 weeks), and developmental scores correlate with gestational age within the preterm range. (aappublications.org)
3 - 8 Furthermore, in the late preterm period, lower gestational age appears to have an effect on developmental outcomes independent of birth weight. (aappublications.org)
Evidence for an effect on developmental outcomes of gestational age during the full-term period comes from recent studies in school-age children and in young adult military recruits. (aappublications.org)
It is important that clinicians are aware of all the contributing factors as gestational diabetes can result in adverse perinatal outcomes. (figo.org)
Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrating the effect of gestational age at the time of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection on secondary obstetric outcomes. (cdc.gov)
Neonatal outcomes after antenatal influenza immunization during the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic: impact on preterm birth, birth weight, and small for gestational age birth. (thefreedictionary.com)
The gestational age of a baby has important implications for their health, with poorer outcomes generally reported for those born early. (aihw.gov.au)
We conducted an international multicenter retrospective cohort study, PregOuTCOV, to examine the effect of gestational age at time of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on obstetric and neonatal outcomes. (cdc.gov)
The association between SGA/AGA and neurologic status on cognitive outcomes at each age was also examined. (rti.org)
There were no differences between SGA and AGA children in cognitive or neurologic outcomes at any age when grouped by birth weight. (rti.org)

I think so cause I had gestational diabetes & im 39 weeks so ill most likely be induced wednesday. (medhelp.org)
Gestational age is the time measured from the first day of the woman's last menstrual cycle to the current date and is measured in weeks. (factbites.com)
The accuracy of gestational age varies during the pregnacy from +/- 1 week at 12 weeks to +/- 4 weeks after 30 weeks. (factbites.com)
The measurement is calculated based on the estimated gestational age (how many weeks the mother was pregnant) in comparison to what is considered normal height, weight, head size, and developmental level for a child of the same gestational age and gender. (factbites.com)
Gestational age at delivery was defined as the number of completed weeks from the first day of the last normal menstrual period to the date of delivery. (factbites.com)
If gestational age is 34 weeks or greater, health care providers may recommend being induced for early delivery. (americanpregnancy.org)
If gestational age is less than 34 weeks, health care providers will continue monitoring until 34 weeks or beyond. (americanpregnancy.org)
My blood was drawn at exactly 11 weeks, but the results came back with a gestational age of 15 weeks, 5 days! (babycenter.com)
27 weeks gestational age (GA) are at increased risk for mortality, morbidity, and growth and neurodevelopmental impairment at 18-22 months corrected age. (nih.gov)
27 weeks GA is associated with an increased likelihood of postnatal steroid use, mortality, growth failure, and neurodevelopmental impairment at 18-22 months corrected age. (nih.gov)
On the basis of recent research, it is now clear that late preterm birth (34-36 weeks' gestational age) is also associated with lower developmental scores compared with full-term birth. (aappublications.org)
The gestational age (AOG) usually lasts from 38 to 42 weeks. (easycalculation.com)
The associations between the quartiles of 27 biomarkers and 3 gestational groups (≤32, 33-36, and ≥37 weeks) were analyzed. (aappublications.org)
The results showed that pregnant women between 4-6 gestational weeks had TSH levels that were similar to those of nonpregnant women, while those between 7-12 gestational weeks had lower TSH levels. (thyroid.org)
They indicated that the human tissue donors were at 17 to 22 weeks gestational age and that their tissue was provided to the researchers by Advanced Bioscience Resources, which is a non-profit organization located in Alameda, Calif. (cnsnews.com)
Gestational age (written with both weeks and days, eg. (jointcommission.org)
Gestational Age 2 Weeks Apart? (twin-pregnancy-and-beyond.com)
The new gestational guidelines state that full term for a baby is now 38.5-39 weeks. (drnorthrup.com)
If you've been diagnosed with gestational diabetes (which is generally screened for between 24 and 28 weeks), however, you are at a greater risk for having a bigger baby. (whattoexpect.com)
Mean sac diameter (MSD) before a fetal pole is identified and biparietal diameter (BPD) after 11 weeks can also be used to support the calculation of the gestational age. (radiopaedia.org)
In clinical obstetrics, the gestational age is often estimated as the time from the last day of the last MENSTRUATION which is about 2 weeks before OVULATION and fertilization. (umassmed.edu)
The centile chart currently in use for Western Cape birth weight for gestational age covers a gestational age range from 28 to 42 weeks. (scielo.org.za)
6 The aim of this study was to construct a centile chart from 24 to 27 weeks for fetal weight for gestational age, taking the above criteria into account. (scielo.org.za)
The 3rd, 10th, 50th, 90th and 97th percentiles for each gestational age (24 - 27 weeks) were estimated. (scielo.org.za)
The median gestational age at delivery was 39 weeks (range 29 - 43), the median birth weight 3 070 g (range 980 - 5 120) and the median 5-minute Apgar score 10 (range 5 - 10). (scielo.org.za)
17 children (6 boys, 11 girls) born SGA (height and/or weight less than or equal to -2 standard deviations of normal) and moderately preterm (gestational age 32+0 to 36+6 weeks) with an average age of 5 years 7 months (range 5.4 to 6.3 years) were recruited from a longitudinal study of children born SGA in Gothenburg, Sweden. (arvojournals.org)
Additionally, the ISUOG recommends that pregnant patients who desire genetic testing have obstetric ultrasounds between 11 weeks' and 13 weeks 6 days' gestational age in countries with resources to perform them (the nuchal scan). (wikipedia.org)
The embryo should be seen by the time the gestational sac measures 25 mm, about five-and-a-half weeks. (wikipedia.org)
Contents in the cavity of the uterus seen at approximately 5 weeks of gestational age. (wikipedia.org)
Embryo at 5 weeks and 1 day of gestational age (at top left) with discernible heartbeat. (wikipedia.org)

The organ development method of predicting gestational age was more accurate than late gestational fetal mensuration (P = 0.019). (vetcontact.com)

I've mentioned it to a few people and everyone says that I need to be checked for gestational diabetes. (medhelp.org)

Background Knowledge of gestational age (GA) is critical for guiding neonatal care and quantifying regional burdens of preterm birth. (mendeley.com)
Knowing the true gestational age of a baby becomes important at the time of birth. (wisegeek.com)
But for some, it is crucial to know the baby gestational age of the unborn baby, so that treatment of problems at birth can be planned for. (wisegeek.com)
Even though this Gestational age at birth calculator is designed to produce reliable results, it is always advised to discuss with a gynecologist before coming to any conclusion. (easycalculation.com)
We sought to describe the distribution of immune biomarkers in cord blood across gestational age and to investigate the association between biomarker level patterns and preterm birth. (aappublications.org)
The reasons for these racial differences by gestational age are unclear and will require further examination, including assessment of differences in prenatal diagnosis and prevalence at birth of congenital heart defects, and reporting of causes of death. (cdc.gov)
METHODS: A national sample of 650 insured women who recently gave birth were surveyed about their beliefs related to the meaning of full term and the safety of delivery at various gestational ages. (rti.org)
Preterm birth weight and gestational age-specific mortality rates were compiled from the five centers that participated in the March of Dimes Multicenter Preterm Birth Prevention Project. (nih.gov)
A birth weight and gestational age-specific mortality chart for preterm births was created with live-birth data. (nih.gov)
In a recent meta-analysis of 19 longitudinal birth cohorts, including Brazilian children, small for gestational age was associated with a 2. (thefreedictionary.com)
At birth these individuals were small for gestational age , and as adults they had increased incidence of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. (thefreedictionary.com)
Insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes risk in human subjects who were small-for-gestational-age (SGA) at birth may be a consequence of rapid early postnatal weight gain. (springer.com)
Data on body size and insulin levels at birth and at age 1 year did not differ significantly between subjects who completed the 3-year follow-up and those who did not attend at 3 years. (springer.com)
The smooth curves of birth weight for gestational age and sex were created using the Gamlss package under R.3.0.1 software. (hindawi.com)
We established the reference curves of birth weights for gestational age and sex for Cameroonians. (hindawi.com)
Gestational age is a good predictor of birth weight and perinatal survival. (hindawi.com)
After the control of the effects of gestational age, birth weight alone has a strong association with perinatal survival [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
For most developing countries, data on birth weight is collected via annual demographic health survey records and birth weight for gestational age is generally unavailable [ 3 , 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
In general, women with an earlier age at menarche had a lower birth weight, a larger body size at age 5 and 10 years, a greater BMI at age 18 years, and a greater weight gain since age 18 years ( Supplementary Table 1 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
After delivery, a baby who is large for gestational age will be carefully checked for any injuries that happened during birth. (vidanthealth.com)
Birth weight and gestational age was associated with the psychological scoring in the test performed at 18 and 42 months of age, especially the psychomotor index. (arctichealth.org)
From this registry, we have data on birth weight, gestational age, and birth length that were recorded from existing computerized registers based on the records of midwives. (arctichealth.org)
Birth weight and gestational age among children of Danish pharmacy assistants. (arctichealth.org)
STUDY OBJECTIVE--The aim was to investigate whether specific types of work or exposures among pharmacy assistants were correlated with changes in birth weight or gestational age. (arctichealth.org)
Birth weight and gestational age were found to be important determinants of hospital costs - as birth weight and gestational age decreased, average in-hospital costs increased. (longwoods.com)
A histogram of gestational age at birth. (york.ac.uk)
The present substudy focused on weight partitioning and circulating HMW adiponectin and IGF-I between birth and age 4 months. (diabetesjournals.org)
Objectives: To estimate small for gestational age birth prevalence and attributable neonatal mortality in low and middle income countries with the INTERGROWTH-21(st) birth weight standard. (unc.edu)
Design Secondary analysis of data from the Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group (CHERG), including 14 birth cohorts with gestational age, birth weight, and neonatal follow-up. (unc.edu)
Trait anxiety was associated with a reduction in gestational age and increased risk for preterm birth among African American women. (springer.com)
Small-for-gestational age birth: Maternal predictors and comparison with risk factors of spontaneous delivery in the same cohort. (springer.com)
We measured maternal (ie, smoking, hypertension, age, marital status, education) and delivery (ie, sex, gestational age, birth order) characteristics and performed logistic regression models to estimate both ORs and measures of discriminatory accuracy, like the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AU-ROC) and the net reclassification improvement. (bmj.com)

The Monash Chart, but none of the existing charts, accurately determined gestational age among an independent IVF twin cohort (185 twin pairs). (hindawi.com)
It should be possible to generate very accurate reference charts by using a large in vitro fertilisation (IVF) cohort where CRL measurements could be correlated with gestational age precisely calculated from date of fertilisation. (hindawi.com)
In a cohort study using propensity score-matching at the level of age, body mass index (BMI), and underlying conditions (e.g., diabetes, hypertension, asthma), Badr et al. (cdc.gov)

Accurate determination of gestational age underpins good obstetric care. (hindawi.com)

In most cases, calculation of the gestational age assumes that conception has occurred 14 days after the first day of the last period. (wisegeek.com)
Use this simple online gestational age calculator, to do AOG calculation and find your gestational age with ease. (easycalculation.com)
The clinician, not the abstractor, should perform the calculation to determine gestational age. (jointcommission.org)

Intrauterine Growth Restriction is also known as Small-for-Gestational-Age (SGA) or fetal growth restriction. (americanpregnancy.org)
Objectives Small for gestational age (SGA) is considered as an indicator of intrauterine growth restriction, and multiple maternal and newborn characteristics have been identified as risk factors for SGA. (bmj.com)
Small for gestational age (SGA) is commonly identified as a proxy for intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). (bmj.com)

The second method used biparietal head and trunk diameters to predict gestational age based on tables published for late gestational Labrador Retrievers. (vetcontact.com)

The EHR takes precedence over a hand written entry if different gestational ages are documented in equivalent data sources, e.g., delivery record and delivery summary. (jointcommission.org)

Gestational age is the age of a fetus or baby that starts on the first day of the mother's last menstrual period. (medlineplus.gov)
Hence, the gestational timing of a fetal toxin exposure, fetal drug exposure or vertically transmitted infection can be used to predict the potential consequences to the fetus. (wikipedia.org)
The gestational age ( GA ) of an embryo/fetus is most accurately determined by measuring the crown rump length (CRL) in the first trimester . (radiopaedia.org)
The human fetus discovered Tuesday in a plane lavatory at LaGuardia Airport in New York had a gestational age of 5 months, scientists at the city's Office of Chief Medical Examiner have determined. (wcpo.com)

One of the essential purpose of prenatal care is the measurement of fetal growth and also estimation of fetal age. (sid.ir)
Results suggest that sonography is a valuable device for assessment of fetal growth and biparietal diameter and scapula length seem to be better indices for estimation of gestational age. (sid.ir)

19.3% of live births) were born small for gestational age in low and middle income countries. (unc.edu)
Are risk factors the same for small for gestational age versus other preterm births. (springer.com)

There are certain ways to estimate the gestational age that can provide more accuracy than basing it off of the last menstrual period. (wisegeek.com)
Different sonographic criteria have been developed to estimate canine fetal age, including fetal mensuration and assessment of fetal organ development. (vetcontact.com)

Gestational age is typically calculated based on a woman's menstrual cycle. (wisegeek.com)
The popularity of using such a definition of gestational age is that menstrual periods are essentially always noticed, while there is usually a lack of a convenient way to discern when fertilization occurred. (wikipedia.org)
A more complete listing of methods is given in following table: As a general rule, the official gestational age should be based on the actual beginning of the last menstrual period, unless any of the above methods gives an estimated date that differs more than the variability for the method, in which case the difference cannot probably be explained by that variability alone. (wikipedia.org)
In contrast, dates calculated from the first day of the last menstrual period (menstrual age) may have inaccuracies arising from imprecise recollection of dates, variation in the timing of ovulation, or time to conception. (hindawi.com)

Postnatal gestational age estimat. (mendeley.com)

Calculating the gestational age assumes conception occurred 14 days after the first day of the last period. (wisegeek.com)

There is little information regarding the relationship between levels of these biomarkers and gestational age. (aappublications.org)

The incidence of GDM is increasing, fueled by maternal obesity and advancing maternal age ( 2 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
Impaired fetal growth can be caused by a number of fetal (genetic abnormality, congenital defects etc.) maternal (disease condition, nutrition, drug use), and demographic (socioeconomic status, maternal age, obstetric history) factors. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)

Fortunately, gestational sac, yolk sac and embryo are surrounded by hyperechoic (brighter) body tissues. (wikipedia.org)
Artificially colored, showing gestational sac, yolk sac and embryo (measuring 3 mm as the distance between the + signs). (wikipedia.org)

The weight is compared with the baby's gestational age and recorded in the medical record. (vidanthealth.com)

Calculations of gestational age from LMP are sometimes incorrect due to normal varation from the average ovulation date. (factbites.com)
Gestational age can also be estimated by calculating days from ovulation if it was estimated from related signs or ovulation tests, and adding 14 days by convention. (wikipedia.org)

Retrospective study conducted at two hospitals in Pune, 0.5-5 years, 618 children: 189-SGA from upper socioeconomic strata (USS), 217-SGA from lower socioeconomic strata (LSS), and 212 appropriate for gestational age healthy controls were randomly selected. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)

Prevalence of small for gestational age and neonatal mortality risk ratios were calculated and pooled among these datasets at the regional level. (unc.edu)
With available national level data, prevalence of small for gestational age and population attributable fractions of neonatal mortality attributable to small for gestational age were estimated. (unc.edu)

Gestational sac measurements? (medhelp.org)
Accuracy of gestational age from FL measurements is relatively independent of nutritional-growth retarding processes. (factbites.com)
It must have been very frustrating for doctor and parents of the baby not to know much about the gestational age except by number calculations and measurements. (wisegeek.com)

Large for gestational age (LGA) is an indication of high prenatal growth rate. (wikipedia.org)
Specifically, large for gestational age can be characterized by macrosomia, referring to a fetal growth beyond a certain threshold (threshold ranging from a body weight of 4,000 grams to above 5,000 grams). (wikipedia.org)
AGEs constitute a large, complex, and heterogeneous group of molecules, and only some structures have been identified ( 1 , 16 ). (scielo.br)
They are also called large for gestational age if they weigh more than 8 pounds, 13 ounces (3.95 kilograms). (vidanthealth.com)
What are the symptoms of large for gestational age? (vidanthealth.com)
How is large for gestational age diagnosed? (vidanthealth.com)
What are the complications of large for gestational age? (vidanthealth.com)
Children born large for gestational age (LGA) are prone to develop insulin resistance later in life. (unboundmedicine.com)
TY - JOUR T1 - Serum adiponectin and leptin levels and insulin resistance in children born large for gestational age are affected by the degree of overweight. (unboundmedicine.com)
Why is large for gestational age (LGA) a concern? (nyhq.org)

Association between congenital heart defects and small for gestational age. (biomedsearch.com)
Association between congenital heart defects and small for gestational age was examined by conditional logistic regression adjusting for maternal covariates related to fetal growth. (biomedsearch.com)

Among white European women, those over the age of 30 were at a significantly higher risk of developing GDM than females between 20 and 24 years old, while teenage mothers were the only group to be substantially less likely to suffer from the condition. (figo.org)
As such, there is considerable variability between current reference charts, and estimated gestational age can vary significantly depending on which chart is used. (hindawi.com)

HealthDay)-Preterm children have an increased risk of developing sedation/anesthesia adverse events, which continues up to age 23 years, according to a study published online Feb. 25 in Pediatrics. (medicalxpress.com)

Anatomy25

Organisms1

Diseases63

Chemicals and Drugs11

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment80

Psychiatry and Psychology12

Phenomena and Processes51

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena5

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science8

Named Groups14

Health Care48

Geographicals5

Production of prostaglandin f2alpha and its metabolite by endometrium and yolk sac placenta in late gestation in the tammar wallaby, Macropus Eugenii. (1/9568)

Expression of trophinin, tastin, and bystin by trophoblast and endometrial cells in human placenta. (2/9568)

Delay of preterm delivery in sheep by omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturates. (3/9568)

Luteinizing hormone inhibits conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone in luteal cells from rats on day 19 of pregnancy. (4/9568)

Outcome of pregnancy in women with congenital shunt lesions. (5/9568)

Expression of neurotrophins and their receptors in human bone marrow. (6/9568)

Maternal adrenocortical hormones maintain the early development of pancreatic B cells in the fetal rat. (7/9568)

Developmental changes in mucosubstances revealed by immunostaining with antimucus monoclonal antibodies and lectin staining in the epithelium lining the segment from gizzard to duodenum of the chick embryo. (8/9568)

Gestational Age

Infant, Small for Gestational Age

Infant, Newborn

Infant, Premature

Pregnancy

Birth Weight

Ultrasonography, Prenatal

Premature Birth

Pregnancy Outcome

Fetal Growth Retardation

Infant, Premature, Diseases

Infant, Low Birth Weight

Pregnancy Trimester, Second

Fetus

Pregnancy Trimester, Third

Fetal Development

Infant, Very Low Birth Weight

Obstetric Labor, Premature

Pregnancy Complications

Crown-Rump Length

Pregnancy Trimester, First

Amniotic Fluid

Intensive Care Units, Neonatal

Term Birth

Fetal Heart

Fetal Diseases

Maternal Age

Apgar Score

Retinopathy of Prematurity

Twins

Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn

Infant Mortality

Prospective Studies

Pre-Eclampsia

Umbilical Arteries

Placenta

Fetal Death

Child Development

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Intensive Care, Neonatal

Delivery, Obstetric

Stillbirth

Prenatal Diagnosis

Reference Values

Infant, Newborn, Diseases

Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight

Cohort Studies

Fetal Weight

Retrospective Studies

Risk Factors

Infant, Extremely Premature

Fetal Blood

Embryonic and Fetal Development

Fetal Macrosomia

Fetal Organ Maturity

Chorioamnionitis

Cesarean Section

Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture

Developmental Disabilities

Prenatal Care

Birth Certificates

Fetal Mortality

Body Height

Umbilical Cord

Heart Rate, Fetal

Head

Parity

Fetal Monitoring

Echoencephalography

Pregnancy Trimesters

Triplets

Congenital Abnormalities

Pregnancy, Twin

Pregnancy, Multiple

Maternal Exposure

Maternal-Fetal Exchange

Neonatal Screening

Pubic Symphysis

Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects

Regression Analysis