Gene flow. Medical search

The change in gene frequency in a population due to migration of gametes or individuals (ANIMAL MIGRATION) across population barriers. In contrast, in GENETIC DRIFT the cause of gene frequency changes are not a result of population or gamete movement.

The discipline studying genetic composition of populations and effects of factors such as GENETIC SELECTION, population size, MUTATION, migration, and GENETIC DRIFT on the frequencies of various GENOTYPES and PHENOTYPES using a variety of GENETIC TECHNIQUES.

Genotypic differences observed among individuals in a population.

The splitting of an ancestral species into daughter species that coexist in time (King, Dictionary of Genetics, 6th ed). Causal factors may include geographic isolation, HABITAT geometry, migration, REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION, random GENETIC DRIFT and MUTATION.

A variety of simple repeat sequences that are distributed throughout the GENOME. They are characterized by a short repeat unit of 2-8 basepairs that is repeated up to 100 times. They are also known as short tandem repeats (STRs).

The science dealing with the earth and its life, especially the description of land, sea, and air and the distribution of plant and animal life, including humanity and human industries with reference to the mutual relations of these elements. (From Webster, 3d ed)

The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.

A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.

The genetic process of crossbreeding between genetically dissimilar parents to produce a hybrid.

Double-stranded DNA of MITOCHONDRIA. In eukaryotes, the mitochondrial GENOME is circular and codes for ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, and about 10 proteins.

Periodic movements of animals in response to seasonal changes or reproductive instinct. Hormonal changes are the trigger in at least some animals. Most migrations are made for reasons of climatic change, feeding, or breeding.

Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.

The biological objects that contain genetic information and that are involved in transmitting genetically encoded traits from one organism to another.

A field of study concerned with the principles and processes governing the geographic distributions of genealogical lineages, especially those within and among closely related species. (Avise, J.C., Phylogeography: The History and Formation of Species. Harvard University Press, 2000)

Mechanisms that prevent different populations from exchanging genes (GENE FLOW), resulting in or maintaining GENETIC SPECIATION. It can either prevent mating to take place or ensure that any offspring produced is either inviable or sterile, thereby preventing further REPRODUCTION.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

The fluctuation of the ALLELE FREQUENCY from one generation to the next.

The pattern of any process, or the interrelationship of phenomena, which affects growth or change within a population.

The detection of RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISMS by selective PCR amplification of restriction fragments derived from genomic DNA followed by electrophoretic analysis of the amplified restriction fragments.

The genetic constitution of individuals with respect to one member of a pair of allelic genes, or sets of genes that are closely linked and tend to be inherited together such as those of the MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX.

The fertilizing element of plants that contains the male GAMETOPHYTES.

The total genetic information possessed by the reproductive members of a POPULATION of sexually reproducing organisms.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of genetic processes or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

A functional system which includes the organisms of a natural community together with their environment. (McGraw Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The process of cumulative change at the level of DNA; RNA; and PROTEINS, over successive generations.

In evolutionary theory, overlapping geographic distribution of diverging species. In sympatric GENETIC SPECIATION, genetic diversion occurs without geographic separation.

Differential and non-random reproduction of different genotypes, operating to alter the gene frequencies within a population.

The total process by which organisms produce offspring. (Stedman, 25th ed)

The process of cumulative change over successive generations through which organisms acquire their distinguishing morphological and physiological characteristics.

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

The transfer of POLLEN grains (male gametes) to the plant ovule (female gamete).

The geographical area of Africa comprising ALGERIA; EGYPT; LIBYA; MOROCCO; and TUNISIA. It includes also the vast deserts and oases of the Sahara. It is often referred to as North Africa, French-speaking Africa, or the Maghreb. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p856)

A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.

Rhythmic, intermittent propagation of a fluid through a BLOOD VESSEL or piping system, in contrast to constant, smooth propagation, which produces laminar flow.

An animal or plant species in danger of extinction. Causes can include human activity, changing climate, or change in predator/prey ratios.

The proportion of one particular in the total of all ALLELES for one genetic locus in a breeding POPULATION.

Slender-bodies diurnal insects having large, broad wings often strikingly colored and patterned.

Number of individuals in a population relative to space.

The various physical methods which include wind, insects, animals, tension, and water, by which a plant scatters its seeds away from the parent plant.

The mating of plants or non-human animals which are closely related genetically.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of plants.

Woody, usually tall, perennial higher plants (Angiosperms, Gymnosperms, and some Pterophyta) having usually a main stem and numerous branches.

A plant family of the order Lecythidales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida.

A plant genus of the family FAGACEAE that is a source of TANNINS. Do not confuse with Holly (ILEX).

A phenotypically recognizable genetic trait which can be used to identify a genetic locus, a linkage group, or a recombination event.

Variant forms of the same gene, occupying the same locus on homologous CHROMOSOMES, and governing the variants in production of the same gene product.

A theorem in probability theory named for Thomas Bayes (1702-1761). In epidemiology, it is used to obtain the probability of disease in a group of people with some characteristic on the basis of the overall rate of that disease and of the likelihood of that characteristic in healthy and diseased individuals. The most familiar application is in clinical decision analysis where it is used for estimating the probability of a particular diagnosis given the appearance of some symptoms or test result.

A plant genus in the family PINACEAE, order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division Coniferophyta. They are evergreen trees mainly in temperate climates.

Specific regions that are mapped within a GENOME. Genetic loci are usually identified with a shorthand notation that indicates the chromosome number and the position of a specific band along the P or Q arm of the chromosome where they are found. For example the locus 6p21 is found within band 21 of the P-arm of CHROMOSOME 6. Many well known genetic loci are also known by common names that are associated with a genetic function or HEREDITARY DISEASE.

The human male sex chromosome, being the differential sex chromosome carried by half the male gametes and none of the female gametes in humans.

The encapsulated embryos of flowering plants. They are used as is or for animal feed because of the high content of concentrated nutrients like starches, proteins, and fats. Rapeseed, cottonseed, and sunflower seed are also produced for the oils (fats) they yield.

The regular and simultaneous occurrence in a single interbreeding population of two or more discontinuous genotypes. The concept includes differences in genotypes ranging in size from a single nucleotide site (POLYMORPHISM, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE) to large nucleotide sequences visible at a chromosomal level.

Statistical interpretation and description of a population with reference to distribution, composition, or structure.

Large members of the FALCONIFORMES order of birds, family Accipitridae, most especially the genera Aquila, Haliaeetus, Harpia, and Circaetus. They are characterized by their powerful talons, which carry long, curved, pointed claws and by their opposable hindtoe.

A plant genus of the family OLEACEAE. Members contain secoiridoid glucosides.

Periodic movement of human settlement from one geographical location to another.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of CHLOROPLASTS.

A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE that contains protoanemonin, anemonin, and ranunculin.

The MEDITERRANEAN SEA, the MEDITERRANEAN ISLANDS, and the countries bordering on the sea collectively.

Cultivated plants or agricultural produce such as grain, vegetables, or fruit. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982)

The process of leaving one's country to establish residence in a foreign country.

Systems of agriculture which adhere to nationally regulated standards that restrict the use of pesticides, non-organic fertilizers, genetic engineering, growth hormones, irradiation, antibiotics, and non-organic ANIMAL FEED.

The branch of science concerned with the interrelationship of organisms and their ENVIRONMENT, especially as manifested by natural cycles and rhythms, community development and structure, interactions between different kinds of organisms, geographic distributions, and population alterations. (Webster's, 3d ed)

The geographical area of Africa comprising BENIN; BURKINA FASO; COTE D'IVOIRE; GAMBIA; GHANA; GUINEA; GUINEA-BISSAU; LIBERIA; MALI; MAURITANIA; NIGER; NIGERIA; SENEGAL; SIERRA LEONE; and TOGO.

The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.

The total number of individuals inhabiting a particular region or area.

The pygmy chimpanzee, a species of the genus Pan, family HOMINIDAE. Its common name is Bonobo, which was once considered a separate genus by some; others considered it a subspecies of PAN TROGLODYTES. Its range is confined to the forests of the central Zaire basin. Despite its name, it is often of equal size to P. troglodytes.

The geographical area of Africa comprising CAMEROON; CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC; CHAD; CONGO; EQUATORIAL GUINEA; GABON; and DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO.

A widely distributed order of perching BIRDS, including more than half of all bird species.

A plant genus of the family Phrymaceae. Members contain 6-geranylflavanones and mimulone.

Functions constructed from a statistical model and a set of observed data which give the probability of that data for various values of the unknown model parameters. Those parameter values that maximize the probability are the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters.

A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE.

Geological formations consisting of underground enclosures with access from the surface.

The male sex chromosome, being the differential sex chromosome carried by half the male gametes and none of the female gametes in humans and in some other male-heterogametic species in which the homologue of the X chromosome has been retained.

A process by which animals in various forms and stages of development are physically distributed through time and space.

The mahogany plant family of the order Sapindales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida.

A vertical distance measured from a known level on the surface of a planet or other celestial body.

The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS of the BRAIN.

The motion of air relative to the earth's surface.

Tracts of land completely surrounded by water.

A plant family of the order Campanulales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida

Diminished or failed response of PLANTS to HERBICIDES.

Changes in biological features that help an organism cope with its ENVIRONMENT. These changes include physiological (ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL), phenotypic and genetic changes.

The circulation of blood through the CORONARY VESSELS of the HEART.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

A genus of BROWN ALGAE in the family Fucaceae. It is found in temperate, marine intertidal areas along rocky coasts and is a source of ALGINATES. Some species of Fucus are referred to as KELP.

The study of the deformation and flow of matter, usually liquids or fluids, and of the plastic flow of solids. The concept covers consistency, dilatancy, liquefaction, resistance to flow, shearing, thixotrophy, and VISCOSITY.

A plant species cultivated for the seed used as animal feed and as a source of canola cooking oil.

Cytochromes of the b group that have alpha-band absorption of 563-564 nm. They occur as subunits in MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III.

The non-genetic biological changes of an organism in response to challenges in its ENVIRONMENT.

A region, north-central Asia, largely in Russia. It extends from the Ural Mountains to the Pacific Ocean and from the Arctic Ocean to central Kazakhstan and the borders of China and Mongolia.

Sexual activities of animals.

A plant family of the order Lamiales. It is characterized by simple leaves in opposite pairs, cystoliths (enlarged cells containing crystals of calcium carbonate), and bilaterally symmetrical and bisexual flowers that are usually crowded together. The common name for Ruellia of wild petunia is easily confused with PETUNIA.

A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE. Member species are ornamentals grown for their numerous small white, yellow, pink, or purplish flowers.

A plant genus of the family POACEAE.

The external elements and conditions which surround, influence, and affect the life and development of an organism or population.

A republic in southern Africa, south of ANGOLA and west of BOTSWANA. Its capital is Windhoek.

The protection, preservation, restoration, and rational use of all resources in the total environment.

Nonrandom association of linked genes. This is the tendency of the alleles of two separate but already linked loci to be found together more frequently than would be expected by chance alone.

A genus of mosquitoes (CULICIDAE) that are known vectors of MALARIA.

A set of statistical methods used to group variables or observations into strongly inter-related subgroups. In epidemiology, it may be used to analyze a closely grouped series of events or cases of disease or other health-related phenomenon with well-defined distribution patterns in relation to time or place or both.

Mathematical procedure that transforms a number of possibly correlated variables into a smaller number of uncorrelated variables called principal components.

A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that contains julibroside (triterpenoid saponins).

The cactus plant family of the order Caryophyllales, subclass Caryophyllidae, class Magnoliopsida. Cacti are succulent perennial plants well adapted to dry regions.

PLANTS, or their progeny, whose GENOME has been altered by GENETIC ENGINEERING.

A class in the phylum MOLLUSCA comprised of SNAILS and slugs. The former have coiled external shells and the latter usually lack shells.

The region of southwest Asia and northeastern Africa usually considered as extending from Libya on the west to Afghanistan on the east. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988)

The largest of the continents. It was known to the Romans more specifically as what we know today as Asia Minor. The name comes from at least two possible sources: from the Assyrian asu (to rise) or from the Sanskrit usa (dawn), both with reference to its being the land of the rising sun, i.e., eastern as opposed to Europe, to the west. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p82 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p34)

Deliberate breeding of two different individuals that results in offspring that carry part of the genetic material of each parent. The parent organisms must be genetically compatible and may be from different varieties or closely related species.

The continuous visual field seen by a subject through space and time.

A plant genus of the family FAGACEAE.

The period of history before 500 of the common era.

A plant genus in the family PINACEAE, order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division Coniferophyta. Balm of Gilead is a common name more often referring to POPULUS and sometimes to COMMIPHORA.

Speciation and gene flow between snails of opposite chirality. (1/998)

Left-right asymmetry in snails is intriguing because individuals of opposite chirality are either unable to mate or can only mate with difficulty, so could be reproductively isolated from each other. We have therefore investigated chiral evolution in the Japanese land snail genus Euhadra to understand whether changes in chirality have promoted speciation. In particular, we aimed to understand the effect of the maternal inheritance of chirality on reproductive isolation and gene flow. We found that the mitochondrial DNA phylogeny of Euhadra is consistent with a single, relatively ancient evolution of sinistral species and suggests either recent "single-gene speciation" or gene flow between chiral morphs that are unable to mate. To clarify the conditions under which new chiral morphs might evolve and whether single-gene speciation can occur, we developed a mathematical model that is relevant to any maternal-effect gene. The model shows that reproductive character displacement can promote the evolution of new chiral morphs, tending to counteract the positive frequency-dependent selection that would otherwise drive the more common chiral morph to fixation. This therefore suggests a general mechanism as to how chiral variation arises in snails. In populations that contain both chiral morphs, two different situations are then possible. In the first, gene flow is substantial between morphs even without interchiral mating, because of the maternal inheritance of chirality. In the second, reproductive isolation is possible but unstable, and will also lead to gene flow if intrachiral matings occasionally produce offspring with the opposite chirality. Together, the results imply that speciation by chiral reversal is only meaningful in the context of a complex biogeographical process, and so must usually involve other factors. In order to understand the roles of reproductive character displacement and gene flow in the chiral evolution of Euhadra, it will be necessary to investigate populations in which both chiral morphs coexist. (+info)

Macrogeographic population structure of the tsetse fly, Glossina pallidipes (Diptera: Glossinidae). (2/998)

Tsetse flies are confined to sub-Saharan Africa where they occupy discontinuous habitats. In anticipation of area-wide control programmes, estimates of gene flow among tsetse populations are necessary. Genetic diversities were partitioned at eight microsatellite loci and five mitochondrial loci in 21 Glossina pallidipes Austin populations. At microsatellite loci, Nei's unbiased gene diversity averaged over loci was 0.659 and the total number of alleles was 214, only four of which were shared among all populations. The mean number of alleles per locus was 26.8. Random mating was observed within but not among populations (fixation index FST=0.18) and 81% of the genetic variance was within populations. Thirty-nine mitochondrial variants were detected. Mitochondrial diversities in populations varied from 0 to 0.85 and averaged 0.42, and FST=0.51. High levels of genetic differentiation were characteristic, extending even to subpopulations separated by tens and hundreds of kilometres, and indicating low rates of gene flow. (+info)

Gene flow and hybridisation in a mixed oak forest (Quercus pyrenaica Willd. and Quercus petraea (Matts.) Liebl.) in central Spain. (3/998)

Oaks are long-standing models for the study of gene flow and hybridisation. Temperate (Quercus petraea) and sub-Mediterranean (Quercus pyrenaica) oaks coexist in central Spain, showing remarkable differences in population size and structure. Q. petraea has a scattered distribution in central Spain, where it is at one of the southernmost limits of its range, and forms low-density stands; in contrast, Q. pyrenaica is widespread in the region. We selected a mixed population of the two species ( approximately 13 ha, 176 adults and 96 saplings) to compare the patterns of gene flow within each species and the extent of introgression between them. Using five nuclear microsatellite markers, we performed a parentage analysis and found considerable immigration from outside the stand ( approximately 38% for Q. petraea and approximately 34% for Q. pyrenaica), and estimated average seed-dispersal distances of 42 and 14 m for Q. petraea and Q. pyrenaica, respectively. Introgression between species was also estimated using our microsatellite battery. First, we developed a multivariate discriminant approach and, second, we compared our results with a widely used clustering method (STRUCTURE). Both analyses were consistent with a low level of introgression between Q. petraea and Q. pyrenaica. Indeed, only 15 adult trees, approximately 8.5%, were identified as putative hybrids when both methods of analysis were combined. Hybrids may be most common in contact zones due merely to physical proximity. (+info)

Effect of gene flow on spatial genetic structure in the riparian canopy tree Cercidiphyllum japonicum revealed by microsatellite analysis. (4/998)

Few studies have analyzed pollen and seed movements at local scale, and genetic differentiation among populations covering the geographic distribution range of a species. We carried out such a study on Cercidiphyllum japonicum; a dioecious broad-leaved tree of cool-temperate riparian forest in Japan. We made direct measurement of pollen and seed movements in a site, genetic structure at the local scale, and genetic differentiation between populations covering the Japanese Archipelago. Parentage analysis of seedlings within a 20-ha study site indicated that at least 28.8% of seedlings were fertilized by pollen from trees outside the study site. The average pollination distance within the study site was 129 m, with a maximum of 666 m. The genotypes of 30% of seedlings were incompatible with those of the nearest female tree, and the maximum seed dispersal distance within the study site was over 300 m. Thus, long-distance gene dispersal is common in this species. The correlation between genetic relatedness and spatial distance among adult trees within the population was not significant, indicating an absence of fine-scale genetic structure perhaps caused by high levels of pollen flow and overlapping seed shadows. Six populations sampled throughout the distribution of C. japonicum in Japan showed significant isolation-by-distance but low levels of genetic differentiation (F(ST) = 0.043), also indicating long-distance gene flow in C. japonicum. Long-distance gene flow had a strong influence on the genetic structure at different spatial scales, and contributes to the maintenance of genetic diversity in C. japonicum. (+info)

Evidence for a one-allele assortative mating locus. (5/998)

Theoretical models have shown that speciation with gene flow can occur readily via a "one-allele mechanism," where the spread of the same allele within both of two diverging species reduces their subsequent hybridization. Here we present direct genetic evidence for such an allele in Drosophila pseudoobscura. Alleles conferring high or low assortative mating in D. pseudoobscura produce the same effects when inserted into D. persimilis. This observation suggests that the type of genetic variation that is most conducive to controversial modes of speciation with gene flow, such as reinforcement or sympatric speciation, is present in nature. (+info)

Genetic structure of Anopheles gambiae populations on islands in northwestern Lake Victoria, Uganda. (6/998)

BACKGROUND: Alternative means of malaria control are urgently needed. Evaluating the effectiveness of measures that involve genetic manipulation of vector populations will be facilitated by identifying small, genetically isolated vector populations. The study was designed to use variation in microsatellite markers to look at genetic structure across four Lake Victoria islands and two surrounding mainland populations and for evidence of any restriction to free gene flow. METHODS: Four Islands (from 20-50 km apart) and two surrounding mainland populations (96 km apart) were studied. Samples of indoor resting adult mosquitoes, collected over two consecutive years, were genotyped at microsatellite loci distributed broadly throughout the genome and analysed for genetic structure, effective migration (Nem) and effective population size (Ne). RESULTS: Ne estimates showed island populations to consist of smaller demes compared to the mainland ones. Most populations were significantly differentiated geographically, and from one year to the other. Average geographic pair-wise FST ranged from 0.014-0.105 and several pairs of populations had Ne m < 3. The loci showed broad heterogeneity at capturing or estimating population differences. CONCLUSION: These island populations are significantly genetically differentiated. Differences reoccurred over the study period, between the two mainland populations and between each other. This appears to be the product of their separation by water, dynamics of small populations and local adaptation. With further characterisation these islands could become possible sites for applying measures evaluating effectiveness of control by genetic manipulation. (+info)

Phylogeographic history and gene flow among giant Galapagos tortoises on southern Isabela Island. (7/998)

Volcanic islands represent excellent models with which to study the effect of vicariance on colonization and dispersal, particularly when the evolution of genetic diversity mirrors the sequence of geological events that led to island formation. Phylogeographic inference, however, can be particularly challenging for recent dispersal events within islands, where the antagonistic effects of land bridge formation and vicariance can affect movements of organisms with limited dispersal ability. We investigated levels of genetic divergence and recovered signatures of dispersal events for 631 Galapagos giant tortoises across the volcanoes of Sierra Negra and Cerro Azul on the island of Isabela. These volcanoes are among the most recent formations in the Galapagos (<0.7 million years), and previous studies based on genetic and morphological data could not recover a consistent pattern of lineage sorting. We integrated nested clade analysis of mitochondrial DNA control region sequences, to infer historical patterns of colonization, and a novel Bayesian multilocus genotyping method for recovering evidence of recent migration across volcanoes using eleven microsatellite loci. These genetic studies illuminate taxonomic distinctions as well as provide guidance to possible repatriation programs aimed at countering the rapid population declines of these spectacular animals. (+info)

Effective seed dispersal across a fragmented landscape. (8/998)

The role of seed dispersal in maintaining genetic connectivity among forest fragments has largely been ignored because gene flow by pollen is expected to predominate. By using genealogical reconstruction, we investigated gene flow after establishment of seeds in a wind-pollinated, wind-dispersed tree. Our data show that seed dispersal is the main vector of gene flow among remnants and that long-distance dispersal is common across a chronically fragmented landscape. The relative importance of seed-mediated gene flow may have been underemphasized in other fragmented systems, and diagnosing the response of forest trees to current anthropogenic disturbances requires the assessment of phenomena after establishment. (+info)

In population genetics, gene flow (also known as gene migration or geneflow and allele flow) is the transfer of genetic ... because there is little to no gene flow to provide recombination of the gene pools. Barriers to gene flow need not always be ... The population is so strongly isolated that lack of gene flow has led to high rates of inbreeding. The level of gene flow among ... Urban facilitation of gene flow connects populations, reduces isolation, and increases gene flow into an area which would ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_flow

gene flow])... They do not see how niche construction either generates or sorts genetic variation independently of these other ... 2012). "Genes, culture and agriculture: an example of human niche construction" (PDF). Current Anthropology. 53 (4): 434-470. ... This interaction is known as gene-culture coevolution. There is now little doubt that human cultural niche construction has co- ... Analyses of the human genome have identified many hundreds of genes subject to recent selection, and human cultural activities ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niche_construction

... and assisted gene flow. Gene flow (migration) is the introduction of new individuals (and genes) into a target population. ... Too much gene flow may lead to genetic swamping through extensive hybridization. Genetic rescue can occur through multiple ... "Gene flow". evolution.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2018-05-15. "Genetic drift". evolution.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2018-05-15. " ... who studied the effect of immigration among populations linked by gene flow. More recently, genetic rescue has been defined by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_rescue

"Gene flow". Understanding Evolution. University of California, Berkeley. Retrieved 2015-01-08. Gould 1980, p. 24 Bejder, Lars; ... It defines evolution as the change in allelic frequencies within a population caused by genetic drift, gene flow between sub ... Genes are the pieces of DNA that carry this information, and they influence the properties of an organism. Genes determine an ... But genes are denizens of geological time: genes are forever. Others view selection working on many levels, not just at a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to_evolution

Gene flow: Gene flow is the transfer of genetic material from the gene pool of one population to another. In a population, ... If a speciation event occurs and one gene ends up in two different species the genes are now orthologous. If a gene is ... gene flow, non-random mating, and natural selection. Mutation: Mutation is a change in the DNA sequence inside a gene or a ... how large are the effects of each gene, how interdependent are the effects of different genes, what do the genes do, and what ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_biology

Gene flow, often by migration, is the movement of genetic material (for example by pollen in the wind, or the migration of a ... as a new gene is introduced to the gene pool. However, the persistence of this gene is dependent of drift and selection (see ... "Gene flow". Mechanisms: the processes of evolution. evolution.berkeley.edu. 15 March 2021. Tigano, Anna; Friesen, Vicki L. ( ... The genetic diversity was increased in A. gambiae by mutation and in A. coluzziin by gene flow. When humans initially started ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_diversity

Over the space of eight years, culminating in 2008, that seed flow has been decentralised out to sub-groups, Local Seed ... "Banana Diversity". Geneflow. Rome: International Plant Genetic Resources Institute: 50. 2004. ISBN 9789290436447. Retrieved 20 ... "Solomon Islands network returns local crops to village farmers" (PDF). Geneflow. Rome: International Plant Genetic Resources ... Fanton, Michel (2002). "A Fair Feast of Taro Diversity". Geneflow. Rome: International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (CGIAR ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Seed_Savers'_Network

Gene flow in lichens. Am. J. Bot. 75: 1135-139. Bowler, P. and J. Marsh. 2004. Niebla. 'Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vermilacinia_cerebra

Gene flow in lichens. Am. J. Bot. 75:1135-139. DePriest, P. T. 1994. Variation in the Cladonia chlorophaea complex II: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niebla_marinii

Gene flow in lichens. Am. J. Bot. 75: 1135-139. Tuckerman, E. 1882. Synopsis of the North American Lichens: Part I, Parmeliacei ... the hyphae and crystalline deposits within the medulla then seem to flow out through the cracks like a stuffed animal toy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vermilacinia_cephalota

Geneflow 2009. ISBN 9789290438137. "Sweet Potato". Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research. Archived from the ... "Sweet Potato Vine: How to Grow These Gorgeous Flowing Vines". Epic Gardening. 12 June 2017. Retrieved 15 October 2021. "Growing ... Soucy, Shannon M.; Huang, Jinling; Gogarten, Johann Peter (17 July 2015). "Horizontal gene transfer: building the web of life ... with genes actively expressed by the plants. The T-DNA transgenes were not observed in closely related wild relatives of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweet_potato

What about gene flow between populations? Occasionally cultigens escape from cultivation into the wild where they breed with ... The genetic material of a cultigen may become part of the gene pool of a population where, over time, it may be largely or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultigen

Gene flow among lineages is low. Limestone rat Laginha Pinto Correia, D. (2016). "Leopoldamys neilli". IUCN Red List of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neill's_long-tailed_giant_rat

"Mechanisms of gene flow in archaea". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 15 (8): 492-501. doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2017.41. ISSN 1740-1534 ... Horizontal gene transfer is a result of this, where bacterial genes can be transferred amongst same-generation species in a ... This activates transcription of genes in the competence pathway. CSF is a five amino acid oligopeptide and is exported via the ... The expression of srfA will bypass the need for transcription of DNA for only upstream genes. This means that transcription is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competence_factor

Flow cytometry Cell counting Gulati, Gene; Song, Jinming; Dulau Florea, Alina; Gong, Jerald (2013). "Purpose and Criteria for ... Early flow cytometry devices shot beams of light at cells in specific wavelengths and measured the resulting absorbance, ... The sample is diluted and passed into a flow cell, which uses hydrodynamic focusing to isolate single cells for accurate ... In these cases, other techniques such as immunophenotyping by flow cytometry or special staining can be used to definitively ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_blood_cell_differential

Whittemore, A. T.; Schaal, B. A. (1991-03-15). "Interspecific gene flow in sympatric oaks". Proceedings of the National Academy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quercus_stellata

Plant Genetic Resources: New Rules for International Exchange De Vicente, C. (editor) (2005). Issues on gene flow and germplasm ... animal breeding lines maintained in animal breeding programs or gene banks, etc. Germplasm collections can range from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germplasm

Gene flow is high between wild populations. The plant is one of the commercially important sources of rosewood oil. The tree is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aniba_rosaeodora

Hybrid Fusion protein Gene pool Gene flow Introgression Nucleic acid hybridization Mouse models of breast cancer metastasis " ... "Recent long-distance transgene flow into wild populations conforms to historical patterns of gene flow in cotton (Gossypium ... Kristin L. Mercer; Joel D. Wainwright (January 2008). "Gene flow from transgenic maize to landraces in Mexico: An analysis". ... Arias, D. M.; Rieseberg, L. H. (November 1994). "Gene flow between cultivated and wild sunflowers". Theoretical and Applied ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transgene

Queens in particular travel long distances in dispersal flights; this increases gene flow within the species. When traveling ... Bumblebee colonies that exhibit little variety in their gene pool, as a result of inbreeding, tend to have a higher occurrence ... up-regulated effector genes that defend the host. Bombus hortorum are frequent pollinators of many crops, including sunflowers ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombus_hortorum

... no gene flow), and on the other extreme is sympatry, in which the ranges overlap completely (maximal gene flow). The varying ... He stated that gene flow is the inevitable result of sympatry, which is known to squelch genetic differentiation between ... It is thus is a refinement of sympatric speciation, with a behavioral, rather than geographical barrier to the flow of genes ... In this case, divergence is facilitated by the absence of gene flow. Parapatric speciation is the evolution of geographically ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympatric_speciation

... the direction of gene flow or the amount of gene flow. For datasets with a large number of taxa it may be difficult to compute ... in addition to altering gene products if inserted into a gene, also alter promoter activity for genes if inserted upstream of ... Pinho C, Hey J (2010). "Divergence with Gene Flow: Models and Data". Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics. 41 ( ... April 2011). McVean G (ed.). "The history of African gene flow into Southern Europeans, Levantines, and Jews". PLOS Genetics. 7 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote_hybrid_genome

Gene flow was observed to be asymmetric (from crop to weed), due to a preferential flow of pollen from high-density populations ... Wilson, H.; Manhart, J. (1993). "Crop/weed gene flow: Chenopodium quinoa Willd. and C. berlandieri Moq". Theoretical and ... Jenczewski, Eric; Ronfort, Joëlle; Chèvre, Anne-Marie (2003). "Crop-to-wild gene flow, introgression and possible fitness ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chenopodium_berlandieri

DQ2 to gene flow from northwest Morocco. A30-B18 origin's do not fit well into a some contrasting neighbor-joining analysis ( ... and Albania shows levels of B18-DR3 indicating gene flow from the West from the Italian peninsula to the eastern Ionian coast. ... A multigene haplotype is a set of inherited alleles covering several genes, or gene-alleles. Long haplotypes, like A30::DQ2, ... Müller CR, Ehninger G, Goldmann SF (January 2003). "Gene and haplotype frequencies for the loci hLA-A, hLA-B, and hLA-DR based ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A30-Cw5-B18-DR3-DQ2_(HLA_Haplotype)

The effects of gene flow on reinforcement. Evolution 51:1764-1772. Servedio, M.R. 2000. Reinforcement and the genetics of ... Servedio, Maria R.; Kirkpatrick, Mark (1997). "The Effects of Gene Flow on Reinforcement". Evolution. 51 (6): 1764-1772. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Servedio

Gene flow is variable among coral species. According to the biogeography of coral species gene flow cannot be counted on as a ... Thus, corals are unable to mutate their HSPs and other climate change preventative genes to combat the increase in temperature ... These two classifications arose from differentiation in gene expressions in their branch tips and bases that arose through ... signaling genes between both branch tips and bases. These processes lead to colony differentiation, which is the most accurate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coral

Man in 't Veld, W.A. (2007). "Gene flow analysis demonstrates that Phytophthora fragariae var. rubi constitutes a distinct ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytophthora_rubi

The populations occur in North, Central, and South Florida, and can be separated by hundreds of miles; gene flow between them ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cladonia_perforata

But gene flow did not go one way. The fact that some of the ancestors of modern humans in Europe migrated back into Africa ... According to the authors of the study, the observed excess of genetic similarity is best explained by recent gene flow from ... Moreover, a combination of gene flow from Eurasia back into Africa and higher rates of genetic drift among East Asians compared ... Besides the selection and flow of genes and alleles, another mechanism of biological evolution is epigenetics, or changes not ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recent_human_evolution

... and gene flow between bordering populations as evidence of ongoing introgression. However, this gene flow is only made possible ... Rieseberg, Loren Henry (1991). Phylogenetic consequences of cytoplasmic gene flow in plants. Evolutionary Trends in Plants. ... An increase in the gene pool through viable hybrids can facilitate new phenotypes and the colonisation of novel habitats. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compilospecies

Liquid-cooled engines are able to vary the size of their passageways through the engine block so that coolant flow may be ... Danielson, Eugene; Turner, David; Elwart, Joseph; Bryzik, Walter (1 March 1993). "Thermomechanical Stress Analysis of Novel Low ... Radial engines allow air to flow around each cylinder directly, giving them an advantage for air cooling over straight engines ... Rotary engines have a similar configuration, but the cylinders also continually rotate, creating an air flow even when the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine_cooling

According to HR/Three Principles adherents, these results flow naturally as the individuals exposed to the ideas learn how ... a change process developed by philosopher Eugene Gendlin, supports the theory that progress in psychotherapy is dependent on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_realization

In the fall and winter, water flows through the park along the route of the river before it was confined within levees in the ... Railroad and Transportation Museum of El Paso The Gene Roddenberry Planetarium Lynx Exhibits Ysleta Mission is recognized as ... The Rio Grande Rift, which passes around the southern end of the Franklin Mountains, is where the Rio Grande flows. The river ... "2 Cities and 4 Bridges Where Commerce Flows". The New York Times. March 28, 2007. Retrieved July 27, 2013. "El Paso refinery to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas

However, when the gas began to flow out of the country, its ability to compete against other countries' exports declined. With ... Hoek, Tim A.; Axelrod, Kevin; Biancalani, Tommaso; Yurtsev, Eugene A.; Liu, Jinghui; Gore, Jeff (2016-08-24). "Resource ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_curse

Eugene, Or. ISBN 978-1630876562. Declaration of Principles: Manual of the Wesleyan Holiness Association of Churches. Wesleyan ... Jacob Albright, founder of the movement that led to the Evangelical Church flow in The United Methodist Church, got into ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wesleyan_theology

Untreated heart attacks may slow blood flow enough that blood may start to clot and prevent the flow of blood to the brain or ... Gusev, Eugene I.; Skvortsova, Veronica I. (2003). Brain ischemia. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers. ISBN 0-306-47694 ... An interruption of blood flow to the brain for more than 10 seconds causes unconsciousness, and an interruption in flow for ... Focal brain ischemia reduces blood flow to a specific brain region, increasing the risk of cell death to that particular area. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_ischemia

Park, Gene (September 17, 2020). "PlayStation CEO Jim Ryan says more PlayStation 5 units will be available than PS4s in 2013". ... enough internal volume within the unit for all the technical hardware while reducing its size without restricting air flow. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PlayStation_5

Unstructured interviews are typically seen as free-flowing; the interviewer can swap out or change questions as he/she feels is ... Weinstein, Eugene A.; Beckhouse, Lawrence S.; Blumstein, Philip W.; Stein, Robert B. (December 1968). "Interpersonal strategies ... doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2000.tb00217.x. Kutcher, Eugene J.; Bragger, Jennifer D.; Masco, Jamie L. (September 2013). "How ... Hosoda, Megumi; Stone-Romero, Eugene F.; Coats, Gwen (June 2003). "The effects of physical attractiveness on job-related ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Job_interview

It has been said that the gene responsible for the cause of pulmonary agenesis may have variable expressivity and penetrance. ... 2‐dimensional color Doppler imaging could visually capture the blood flow, hence determine the existence of pulmonary ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_agenesis

Eugene, OR: Pickwick Publications, 2010. Wulff, D. M. (1997). Psychology of religion: Classic and contemporary (2nd ed.). New ... due to factors such as increased blood flow to the head and nasal breathing. Overall, slight health benefits have been found ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychology_of_religion

Thorp, Gene, "Saudi Arabia enters Yemen conflict," washingtonpost.com, 26 March 2015. "EASA recommends minimum two crew in the ... Roth, Andrew, "Russia cuts gas flow, Ukraine closes airspace as trade war expands," washingtonpost.com, 25 November 2015, 11:25 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_in_aviation

The electrons then flow through photosystem I and can then be used to reduce the coenzyme NADP+. This coenzyme can enter the ... Sterck L, Rombauts S, Vandepoele K, Rouzé P, Van de Peer Y (April 2007). "How many genes are there in plants (... and why are ... The flow of protons makes the stalk subunit rotate, causing the active site of the synthase domain to change shape and ... The electrons then flow to the cytochrome b6f complex, which uses their energy to pump protons across the thylakoid membrane in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolism

13 tee, and flows at the back of No. 11 green. This is the lowest point in elevation of the course. The Hogan and Nelson ... Litke, Jim (April 8, 2005). "One caddie carries on tradition at Augusta". Eugene Register-Guard. Associated Press. p. D3. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augusta_National_Golf_Club

However, a small vial of ashes from the body of pioneer lunar scientist Eugene Shoemaker was delivered by the Lunar Prospector ... The GRAIL mission consisted of two small spacecraft: GRAIL A (Ebb), and GRAIL B (Flow). They were launched on 10 September 2011 ... and ending on 14 December 1972 with Gene Cernan and Jack Schmitt on Apollo 17. Cernan was the last man to step off the lunar ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_landing

An example for this is the deletion of recF, gene required for the function of recA, and its flanking genes. One of the ... or flow cytometry. In prokaryotes, pulsed field gel electrophoresis and complete genome sequencing are the predominant methods ... Evidence of the deletion of the function of repair and recombination is the loss of the gene recA, gene involved in the ... where the gene that have been lost are in fact not randomly dispersed in the ancestor gene but aggregated and the negative ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genome_size

This was soon followed by the realization (following the work of Pascual Jordan, Eugene Wigner, Werner Heisenberg, and Wolfgang ... A steady current I flowing along a path ℓ will create a field B, that exerts a force on nearby moving charged particles that is ... complex fluid flows or anisotropic diffusion, which are framed as matrix-tensor PDEs, and then require matrices or tensor ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field_(physics)

... the second hour could probably just as easily have flowed into the third. This isn't episodic TV. It's another thing. In her "A ... Mover Joe Adler as Roger Tammie Baird as Lorraine Jim Belushi as Bradley Mitchum John Billingsley as Doctor Ben Ronnie Gene ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twin_Peaks_(season_3)

In the film's deleted scenes, revealed that he has a cousin, Sherman Tully (played by Eugene Levy), a dermatologist on staff at ... flowing beneath Manhattan. In doing so, his potency increased to the comparable levels of a Class 7 entity. With his newfound ... a demon that produces the black slime that powers the Mandala system and flows into a series of abandoned city subway tunnels, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Ghostbusters_characters

Little Fork River flows northward through the eastern part of the county; Big Fork River flows northward through the east- ... The leading "other" candidate, Progressive Theodore Roosevelt, received 522 votes, while Socialist candidate Eugene Debs ... Its northern border abuts the south border of Canada (across the Rainy River). The Rainy River flows west-northwestward along ... central part of the county; Black River flows northward through the central part of the county; Rapid River and East Fork Rapid ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koochiching_County,_Minnesota

They wore flowing ties, and smocks suitable to the realm. The men wore their hair like Papa, all except Albert, he didn't have ... As his son John Lloyd Wright wrote: William Eugene Drummond, Francis Barry Byrne, Walter Burley Griffin, Albert Chase McArthur ... His fashion sense was unique and he usually wore expensive suits, flowing neckties, and capes.[citation needed] He had a ... In his Prairie School days, Wright's office was populated by many talented architects, including William Eugene Drummond, John ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Lloyd_Wright

With Gene Abrams, Tomforde has formulated the Abrams-Tomforde conjectures, which state that the Leavitt path algebras of two ... Flow Equivalence of Shift Spaces, and Graph and Leavitt Path Algebras", Principal Lecturer: Søren Eilers, Organizers: Gary ... ISBN 0-8218-3660-9 Isomorphism and Morita equivalence of graph algebras, Gene Abrams and Mark Tomforde, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc ... Gene Abrams and Mark Tomforde, San Francisco, CA, January 2010 Special Session Website "Graph Algebras: Bridges between graph C ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Tomforde

In 1908, Eugene Sullivan founded glass research also in the United States (Corning, New York). At the beginning of glass ... For modeling of the glass flow in a glass melting furnace the finite element method is applied commercially, based on data or ... ISBN 3-540-57572-3. "Eugene Sullivan and Corning Glass Works". Archived from the original on 2007-10-13. Retrieved 2007-11-05. ... Glass Service, Furnace Design Brochure: Flow modeling software for the glass industry, Fluent Inc. Glass property optimization ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculation_of_glass_properties

Eugene A., "Transit switching system for monorail vehicles", issued 2002-05-28 US patent 8578860, Post, Richard F., "Inductrack ... thus giving a constant current flow and power consumption for the levitation. The Inductrack II variation uses two Halbach ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inductrack

J. W. (John Whiteaker), "A Trip to the Fossil Beds", Eugene City Guard, Eugene, Oregon, 29 September 1877, p. 3. Mack, Tony, " ... The bedrock beneath the Fossil Lake area was created by basalt flows laid down during the Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs. ... "Fossil Lake Area Closed to Vehicles Permanently", Eugene Register-Guard, Eugene, Oregon, 9 October 1979, p. B1. Liedthe, Kurt ... "Condon Fossil Collection", Museum of Natural and Cultural History, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 5 August 2014. "Sand ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossil_Lake_(Oregon)

While ten human genes encoding for sodium channels have been identified, their function is typically conserved between species ... During inactivation, the chain folds in on itself and the ball blocks the flow of ions through the channel. Fast inactivation ... Movement of the voltage-sensor triggers a conformational change of the gate of the conducting pathway, controlling the flow of ... Potassium channels are the largest and most diverse class of voltage-gated channels, with over 100 encoding human genes. These ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage-gated_ion_channel

Hunn, Eugene and James Selam. 2001. Nch'i-wána, 'the Big River': Mid-Columbia Indians and Their Land. Seattle: University of ... as the Clearwater flows into the Snake River here), in Wallowa Mountains and in the Seven Devils Mountains in Oregon and Idaho ... ISBN 978-0-520-09763-6. Buechel, Eugene & Manhart S.J., Paul "Lakota Dictionary: Lakota-English / English-Lakota, New ... which flows into the Clearwater River north of today's Peck; they were therefore direct neighbours of the southern Painima Band ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nez_Perce

However, some Indian Muslims were found with detectable, traceable, minor to some levels of gene flow from outside, primarily ... with some having minor but still detectable levels of gene flow from outside, primarily from Iran and Central Asia, rather than ... Gene Diversity in Some Muslim Populations of North India Human Biology - Volume 77, Number 3, June 2005, pp. 343-353 - Wayne ... population was overwhelmingly similar to the local non-Muslims associated with minor but still detectable levels of gene flow ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_India

On December 30, 2009, KXOR went off the air citing "substantial decreases in its revenue flow" over the past three years. In ... KXOR broadcasts a Spanish-language Christian radio format to the greater Eugene, Oregon, area. The station was assigned the ... to the Eugene, Oregon, area. This programming was aired in conjunction with sister station KXPD (1040 AM) in Portland, Oregon. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KXOR_(AM)

A. Eugene Kohn; John D. Macomber; Ben Creo (2009-01-12). "CityCenter (A): Vision and Design". Harvard Business Review: 3-4. A. ... "it cannot provide assurance that its business would generate sufficient cash flow from operation." Starting on April 6, 2009 ... Eugene Kohn; John D. Macomber; Ben Creo (2009-01-13). "CityCenter (B): Economics and Delivery". Harvard Business Review: 2. " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MGM_Resorts_International

After Shigeo Satomura who detected for the first time the blood flow with a Doppler Ultrasound machine, Gene Strandness ... In 1980 he described the Fistula Flow Ratio (French 'RDF') to assess the flow of arteriovenous fistulas, especially in renal ... Study of blood flowing vessels by ultrasonics 1959 Among which: Réunion de chirurgie vasculaire Hôpital Saint Joseph ... Franceschi, C. (May 1997). "[Measures and interpretation of venous flow in stress tests. Manual compression and Parana ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_Franceschi

However, these data are unable to determine whether these movements contribute to gene flow among adjacent breeding areas. We ... Gene flow and genetic characterization of Northern Goshawks breeding in Utah January 1, 2004 ... However, these data are unable to determine whether these movements contribute to gene flow among adjacent breeding areas. We ...

https://www.usgs.gov/publications/gene-flow-and-genetic-characterization-northern-goshawks-breeding-utah

Now I want to address another major red flag that I hinted at before, namely the direction of gene flow, if gene flow did in ... non-sexual gene flow . . . flu viruses . . . gene flow direction . . .. what will you guys think of next?. really, the oil ... Of course the gene flow might well have been ultimately unidirectional for a vast array of possible accidental reasons (small ... 2. ... another major red flag that I hinted at before, namely the direction of gene flow.... This is only logical: Eurasian H ...

https://dienekes.blogspot.com/2010/05/direction-of-gene-flow-to-or-from.html

The final paper, which focuses on the flow of genes through the population, was able to highlight how many of the bears that ... Study proves that wildlife crossing structures promote gene flow in Banff bears. by Sepp Jannotta, Montana State University ... Study proves that wildlife crossing structures promote gene flow in Banff bears. ... Citation: Study proves that wildlife crossing structures promote gene flow in Banff bears (2014, February 19) retrieved 5 ...

https://phys.org/news/2014-02-wildlife-gene-banff.html

Data from: Run to the hills: gene flow among mountain areas leads to low genetic differentiation in the Norwegian lemming. ... In summary, we propose that mass movements during peak years act as pulses of gene flow between mountain tundra areas, and that ... 2016), Data from: Run to the hills: gene flow among mountain areas leads to low genetic differentiation in the Norwegian ... virtually nothing is known about the extent to which long-distance dispersal during population peaks actually lead to gene flow ...

https://datadryad.org/stash/dataset/doi:10.5061/dryad.kr966

Whole-genome sequencing of 175 Mongolians uncovers population-specific genetic architecture and gene flow throughout North and ...

https://www1.bio.ku.dk/english/staff/?pure=en%2Fpublications%2Fwholegenome-sequencing-of-175-mongolians-uncovers-populationspecific-genetic-architecture-and-gene-flow-throughout-north-and-east-asia

The interplay of gene flow, genetic drift, and local selective pressure is a dynamic process that has been well studied from a ... The evolutionary history of Nebraska deer mice: Local adaptation in the face of strong gene flow. / Pfeifer, Susanne; Laurent, ... The evolutionary history of Nebraska deer mice: Local adaptation in the face of strong gene flow. Molecular biology and ... The evolutionary history of Nebraska deer mice : Local adaptation in the face of strong gene flow. In: Molecular biology and ...

https://asu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/the-evolutionary-history-of-nebraska-deer-mice-local-adaptation-i

Arterial stiffness, pressure and flow pulsatility and brain structure and function: the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility- ...

https://hjarta.is/article/arterial-stiffness-pressure-and-flow-pulsatility-and-brain-structure-and-function-the-age-gene-environment-susceptibility-reykjavik-study/

A SINE of restricted gene flow across the Alpine Fault: phylogeography of the New Zealand common skink (Oligosoma nigriplantare ... confirmed a pattern of restricted gene flow between lineages on either side of the mountain ranges associated with the Alpine ... A short interspersed nuclear element (SINE) polymorphism in the myosin gene intron (MYH-2) ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/saudepublica/resource/pt/mdl-18662221

Donnelly, Martin James (1998) Population structure and gene flow in mosquitoes of the Anopheles gambiae complex. PhD thesis, ... Population structure and gene flow in mosquitoes of the Anopheles gambiae complex ... Population structure and gene flow in mosquitoes of the Anopheles gambiae complex ...

https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3167466/

Gene flow in Swiss stone pine Stone pines depend on nutcrackers for seed dispersal to favorable microsites, while nutcrackers ... PiCadapt aims to study gene-encoded nucleotide variation in the bird-dispersed P. cembra, a keystone tree species of the Alpine ...

https://www.wsl.ch/en/about-wsl/organisation/research-units/biodiversity-and-conservation-biology/ecological-genetics.html

Native American gene flow into Polynesia predating Easter Island settlement. Co-first author, Nature 2020 ...

https://javierbioblanco.github.io/project/nativeamericancontact

Annual aboveground carbon uptake enhancements from assisted gene flow in boreal black spruce forests are not long-lasting. 19 ... Coleman, M. A., Gillanders, B. M. & Connell, S. D. Dispersal and gene flow in the habitat-forming kelp, Ecklonia radiata: ... Importantly, these markers can demonstrate key attributes of breeding systems, such as gene flow and the level of population ... a) The coastline of southwestern Australia is swept by the poleward flow of the warm Leeuwin Current, which creates a uniform ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-20009-9?error=cookies_not_supported&code=25a9f957-a9ab-4a6b-aa43-b10365668bc8

Urbanization can accelerate gene flow. Posted November 15, 2018. Western black widow spider populations in urban locations are ...

https://lternet.edu/story_types/policy/

Flow Cytometry. Mouse monoclonal FAS monoclonal antibody. 100% Bioguaranteed ... Mutation in the gene has been associated with the development of Sézary syndrome (SS) and Canale-Smith syndrome. CD95 gene loss ... CD95, also known as Fas (fatty acid synthase) cell surface death receptor/APO-1, is encoded by the gene mapped to human ...

https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/US/en/product/sigma/sab4700005

Dive into the research topics of Evolution in action: Adaptation and incipient sympatric speciation with gene flow across life ... Evolution in action: Adaptation and incipient sympatric speciation with gene flow across life at "Evolution Canyon", Israel. ...

https://cris.haifa.ac.il/en/publications/evolution-in-action-adaptation-and-incipient-sympatric-speciation/fingerprints/

The FTD Flowing Garden Arrangement bursts with a bounty of blooms to create a stunning tribute of the deceased at their final ... The FTD® Flowing Garden™ Arrangement bursts with a bounty of blooms to create a stunning tribute of the deceased at their final ...

https://www.eugenesflowerhome.com/product/the-ftd-flowing-garden-arrangement/display

... gene flow and taxonomic status. Canadian Journal of Zoology. 76:320-329 Full text ...

https://www.yorku.ca/bugsrus/PCYU/LPCV

Gene Flow. hide. dense. squish. pack. full. H-C Coding Diffs. hide. dense. squish. pack. full. Modern Human Seq. hide. dense. ... Pfam in UCSC Gene. hide. dense. squish. pack. full. Pos Sel Genes. hide. dense. squish. pack. full. RNA Genes. hide. dense. ... MGC Genes. hide. dense. squish. pack. full. N-SCAN. hide. dense. squish. pack. full. Old UCSC Genes. hide. dense. squish. pack ... tRNA Genes. hide. dense. squish. pack. full. UCSC Alt Events. hide. dense. squish. pack. full. Vega Genes. hide. dense. squish ...

http://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?org=human&db=hg18&singleSearch=knownCanonical&position=TAPT1

Tracing hybridization of oriental beech following assisted gene flow Development of a cost-effective remote sensing tool based ...

https://www.slf.ch/de/mitarbeitende/dodorico.html

The data seems to reflect some amount of gene flow with peoples living around the Sea of Okhotsk (Koryaks, Nivkhs, Ainus, etc. ... Where Eurasian Sub-Continent Gene Flows Converge". PLOS ONE. 8 (10): e76748. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...876748D. doi:10.1371/journal. ... Specifically, Curated genetics information describing ethno-genesis is required rather than tables of gene distributions that ... The mitochondrial gene pool of the Ulchi, a Tungusic-speaking people who live in the lower basin of the Amur River, differs in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungusic_peoples

The legacy of this gene flow persists through Neanderthal-derived variants that survive i … ... The legacy of this gene flow persists through Neanderthal-derived variants that survive in modern human DNA; however, the ... doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.06.005. Epub 2013 Jul 19. Gene. 2013. PMID: 23872234 ... Lowery RK, Uribe G, Jimenez EB, Weiss MA, Herrera KJ, Regueiro M, Herrera RJ. Lowery RK, et al. Gene. 2013 Nov 1;530(1):83-94. ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=28740249

Two genes, OsAP2 (OsAPETALA2) and OsWRKY24 were identified as being up-regulated transcriptional activators in the lamina joint ... Two genes, OsAP2 (OsAPETALA2) and OsWRKY24 were identified as being upregulated transcriptional activators in the lamina joint ... Thus, our work demonstrates that a series of genes showing expression cascades are involved in the promotion of cell elongation ... Thus, our work demonstrates that a series of genes showing expression cascades are involved in the promotion of cell elongation ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2017.01253/full

Gene flow. *. E. Natural selection. *. 9. The process that decreases the number of organisms with phenotypes less fit to meet ...

https://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=mtq0mjyzmqkr0n

Ancient Horse DNA Reveals Gene Flow Between North American and Eurasian Horses ... The museums terracotta horse is saddled with a blanket and flowing silken material where stirrups often hang. Ten conical ... June 6, 2023 , Revolution in Pet Sterilization: Gene Therapy Offers Long-Term Contraception for Cats ... Tiny circles of DNA harbor cancer-associated oncogenes and immunomodulatory genes promoting cancer development. They arise ...

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-solve-a-1300-year-old-mystery/

The incorporation of the known genes in new cultivars could contribute to broadening the resistance to the pathogen. A paper ... In addition, the knowledge of the genes conditioning resistance in different genotypes allows getting precise combination in ... Low levels of gene flow and high genetic differentiation were observed among populations and different clustering methods ... P. A. Brading, E. C. P. Verstappen, G. H. J. Kema, and J. K. M. Brown, "A gene-for-gene relationship between wheat and ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ija/2012/680275/

Species concepts and the determination of historic gene flow patterns in the Eulemur fulvus (brown lemur) complex.Biological ... Shifting ecosystem connectivity during the Pleistocene drove speciation and gene-flow in a species-complex of Neotropical birds ... Mitochondrial DNA variation and gene flow among humpback whales of the Southern Hemisphere . Marine Mammal Science14(4): 721- ... Linear Arrays of Nuclear Envelope Proteins Harness Retrograde Actin Flow for Nuclear Movement . Science 329(5994):956-959. ...

https://www.amnh.org/research/center-for-biodiversity-conservation/resources-and-publications/all-staff-publications

Gene flow has to do with the migration of organisms. Say we have a population of all brown bunnies and a white bunny decides to ... My study guide showed it as a Founder Effect, but I still do not doubt that it can be an example of Gene Flow because it is ... In summary, the gene flow effect is what happens to the population they came from (England), the founder effect refers to the ... What is the difference between genetic drift and gene flow?. Answer. Button navigates to signup page. •. Comment. Button ...

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/her/heredity-and-genetics/v/genetic-drift-bottleneck-effect-and-founder-effect

Research plan: effects of chemical herbicides and gene flow on non-target plants.. 2003. ...

https://cfpub.epa.gov/ols/catalog/advanced_records_found.cfm?&FIELD1=AUTHOR&INPUT1=Olszyk%2C%20D&TYPE1=ALL&LOGIC1=AND

Advanced techniques most recently include single cell RNAseq, CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, multicolored bar coded flow cytometry, and SomaLogic deep proteomics. (nih.gov)
The Flow Cytometry Section provides state-of-the-art high-parameter cell analysis and sorting services to support NIAMS IRP investigators in their pursuit of the Institute's mission. (nih.gov)
The Flow Cytometry Unit functions as a Shared Resource Laboratory (core facility) for the NIA IRP. (nih.gov)
This core facility provides services of analytical flow cytometry and cell sorting, and training of users who independently operate the core instrumentation. (nih.gov)
The laboratory is equipped with state-of-the art equipment including three BD FACS Aria Cell sorters (FACS Aria II and two FACS Fusion) from BD Biosciences, a MoFlow Astrios and a MoFlow XDP from Beckman Coulter, and c, and BD FACS Symphony, BD FACS Canto, and the Beckman Coulter CytoFlex LX benchtop analyzer for general and high dimensional flow cytometry analysis. (nih.gov)
Eosinophils in airway fluid were quantitated by flow cytometry. (cdc.gov)

Lung tissue gene expression was assessed using whole-genome mRNA microarrays. (cdc.gov)

Mutation in the gene has been associated with the development of Sézary syndrome (SS) and Canale-Smith syndrome. (sigmaaldrich.com)
This work involves gene transcription and expression analysis as well as cell transfection and mutation. (nih.gov)
In affected people without an identified gene mutation, the cause of Brugada syndrome is often unknown. (medlineplus.gov)
In addition to causing a nongenetic form of this disorder, these factors may trigger symptoms in people with an underlying mutation in SCN5A or another gene. (medlineplus.gov)
SUMMARY A direct correlation between HIV infection and mutation in the chemokine receptor ( CCR5 ) gene has been established. (who.int)
HIV-1 is influenced by a mutation in the 1 infection with a typical delay of 2-4 years chemokine receptor ( CCR5 ) gene [ 3,4 ]. (who.int)

We improved recombinant protein expression from HEK293 cells by knocking out the Caspase 8-associated protein 2 gene, which was originally identified by siRNA screening. (nih.gov)
What we did is the following: instead of individually upregulating these downregulated genes or improving transcription rates by better vector design, we implemented a strategy that would block this stress response thereby ensuring a sustained level of protein expression. (nih.gov)
Inhibition of the microRNA 466h increased the expression levels of anti-apoptotic genes and increased the cell viability. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, B cell differentiation markers X-box protein-1 and major histocompatibility complex class II showed that the levels to which Pax5 was derepressed by TCDD were sufficient to impair B cell differentiation and immunoglobulin gene expression. (nih.gov)
13. Histone acetyltransferase p300 regulates the expression of human pituitary tumor transforming gene (hPTTG). (nih.gov)
16. Epigenetic targets for melatonin: induction of histone H3 hyperacetylation and gene expression in C17.2 neural stem cells. (nih.gov)
19. Shear stress-mediated chromatin remodeling provides molecular basis for flow-dependent regulation of gene expression. (nih.gov)
Analysis of lung gene expression reveals a role for Cl- channels in diisocyanate induced airway eosinophilia in a mouse model of asthma pathology. (cdc.gov)
Expression changes in a core set of genes occurs independent of IgE in a mouse model of chemical-induced airway eosinophilia. (cdc.gov)

Our study demonstrates that the present genetic diversity and genetic structure of C. macranthos populations were mainly caused by biological characteristics, human interference, habitat fragmentation, and restricted gene flow. (biomedcentral.com)

The therapy delivers specific DNA sequences into the surviving salivary gland cells, resulting in the production of specialized tube-shaped proteins called aquaporins, which allow water to flow out of the salivary gland cells. (nih.gov)
Studies in mouse models showed that the gene therapy generated enough aquaporin proteins to restore salivary flow. (nih.gov)
Some of the additional genes involved in Brugada syndrome provide instructions for making proteins that ensure the correct location or function of sodium channels in heart muscle cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Proteins produced by other genes involved in the condition form or help regulate ion channels that transport calcium or potassium into or out of heart muscle cells. (medlineplus.gov)

The interplay of gene flow, genetic drift, and local selective pressure is a dynamic process that has been well studied from a theoretical perspective over the last century. (elsevier.com)
In contrast, in GENETIC DRIFT the cause of gene frequency changes are not a result of population or gamete movement. (nih.gov)

Subsequent high rates of gene flow have served to homogenize the majority of the genome between populations on and off the Sand Hills, with the exception of the Agouti pigmentation locus. (elsevier.com)
Genetic diversity, genetic structure, and gene flow in plant populations and their influencing factors are important in conservation biology. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, 99 individuals of C. macranthos from north and northeast China were analyzed to evaluate the genetic diversity, gene flow among populations, and genetic structure by genotyping-by-sequencing. (biomedcentral.com)
Our data based on bioinformatics methods revealed that C. macranthos has lower genetic diversity, high levels of historical gene flow, and moderate-to-high genetic differentiation between populations. (biomedcentral.com)
The gene migration model revealed that the direction of gene flow was mainly from northeast populations to north populations in China. (biomedcentral.com)

The differentiation was mainly characterized as a genetic cline across the species' entire distribution, and results from spatial autocorrelation analyses suggested that gene flow occurs with sufficiently high frequency to create a genetic patch size of 100 km. (datadryad.org)

16. Meiotic Genes Are Enriched in Regions of Reduced Archaic Ancestry. (nih.gov)

The gene encoding the hematopoietic stem cell regulator CCN3/NOV is under direct cytokine control through the transcription factors STAT5A/B. (nih.gov)

Typical cell sorting experiments include bulk and single-cell sorts of subpopulations of human blood lymphocytes, mouse thymocytes and spleen cells based on 4-8 color staining, the isolation of cells expressing reporter genes, sorting cell cycle fractions, and rare event sorts of human bone marrow side population progenitor cells, and stained rat brain cells, mouse and human ES cells and ES cell-derived cardiomyocytes. (nih.gov)

The change in gene frequency in a population due to migration of gametes or individuals ( ANIMAL MIGRATION ) across population barriers. (nih.gov)

CD95, also known as Fas (fatty acid synthase) cell surface death receptor/APO-1, is encoded by the gene mapped to human chromosome 10q23.31. (sigmaaldrich.com)

We identified genes involved in mammalian cell adhesion, which allows us to modify the way the cells grow. (nih.gov)
This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. (medlineplus.gov)
Recent technological advances in the genomic sciences, moreover, promise to extend our information base to all the gene products of the cell, with an ever-increasing rate of data accumulation and need for analysis. (nih.gov)

These young coalescence ages can be easily explained as modern-to-Neandertal gene flow within the context of the African structure model. (blogspot.com)
Arterial stiffness, pressure and flow pulsatility and brain structure and function: the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility--Reykjavik study. (hjarta.is)
In order to propose a scientific and effective conservation strategy, the genetic diversity, genetic structure and gene flow of the current CM population are urgent scientific issues to be clarified. (biomedcentral.com)
Mutations in the SCN5A gene alter the structure or function of the channel, which reduces the flow of sodium ions into cells. (medlineplus.gov)

However, these data are unable to determine whether these movements contribute to gene flow among adjacent breeding areas. (usgs.gov)
In summary, we propose that mass movements during peak years act as pulses of gene flow between mountain tundra areas, and that these help to maintain genetic variation and counteract differentiation over vast geographic distances. (datadryad.org)

The gene Siat7e was overexpressed in the adherent MDCK cells and, as a result, the cells were able to grow in suspension. (nih.gov)
This gene provides instructions for making a sodium channel, which normally transports positively charged sodium atoms (ions) into heart muscle cells. (medlineplus.gov)

CLCA1 (calcium-activated chloride channel regulator 1) was the most upregulated gene transcript (>100-fold) in all exposed mouse lungs versus controls, followed closely by SLC26A4, another transcript involved in Cl- conductance. (cdc.gov)

We compared two custom targeted capture methods suitable for single chromosome analysis: Solution Hybrid Selection (SHS) and Flow Sorting (FS) of single chromosomes. (nih.gov)
This was following up by carful bioinformatic analysis that allow us to show that the mechanism involved the upregulation of the Cyclin dependent kinas Inhibitor 2A gene. (nih.gov)

Bacteria flowing through a tube form a green biofilm on the walls. (nih.gov)

These results suggest that biofilm streamers are common in nature and can block flow in a wide variety of industrial and medical settings. (nih.gov)

The buildup of this biofilm, however, didn't greatly affect flow through the tube. (nih.gov)

20. Hominin evolution and gene flow in the Pleistocene Africa. (nih.gov)

The formation of SGS is a multi-stage development process affected by factors such as gene flow by pollen or seed dissemination, various natural selection pressures, and the distribution pattern of plants [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
These investments have inspired the development of a gene therapy to treat chronic dry mouth caused by radiation treatment. (nih.gov)

Now I want to address another major red flag that I hinted at before, namely the direction of gene flow , if gene flow did in fact occur between modern humans and Neandertals. (blogspot.com)

This research led to a clinical trial conducted on the NIH campus that is currently recruiting patients to test the gene therapy treatment in people whose salivary glands have been damaged by radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. (nih.gov)

CD95 gene loss can be used as a genetic marker of PSA recurrence after radical prostatectomy. (sigmaaldrich.com)

A short interspersed nuclear element ( SINE ) polymorphism in the myosin gene intron (MYH-2) confirmed a pattern of restricted gene flow between lineages on either side of the mountain ranges associated with the Alpine Fault that runs southwest to northeast across the South Island of New Zealand . (bvsalud.org)

4. Evidence that the adaptive allele of the brain size gene microcephalin introgressed into Homo sapiens from an archaic Homo lineage. (nih.gov)

Bacterial communities called biofilms can quickly clog medical devices such as stents, catheters and water filters by forming 3-dimensional streamers that block flow. (nih.gov)

Rather than use standard Petri dishes or flasks for the research, the group developed a special flow system that mimicked real-life conditions. (nih.gov)

As with sodium channels, proper flow of ions through calcium and potassium channels in the heart muscle helps maintain a regular heartbeat. (medlineplus.gov)

Other cases may result from new mutations in the gene . (medlineplus.gov)

Anatomy4

Organisms29

Chemicals and Drugs5

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment13

Psychiatry and Psychology4

Phenomena and Processes46

Disciplines and Occupations5

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture5

Humanities2

Information Science2

Health Care17

Geographicals17

Speciation and gene flow between snails of opposite chirality. (1/998)

Macrogeographic population structure of the tsetse fly, Glossina pallidipes (Diptera: Glossinidae). (2/998)

Gene flow and hybridisation in a mixed oak forest (Quercus pyrenaica Willd. and Quercus petraea (Matts.) Liebl.) in central Spain. (3/998)

Effect of gene flow on spatial genetic structure in the riparian canopy tree Cercidiphyllum japonicum revealed by microsatellite analysis. (4/998)

Evidence for a one-allele assortative mating locus. (5/998)

Genetic structure of Anopheles gambiae populations on islands in northwestern Lake Victoria, Uganda. (6/998)

Phylogeographic history and gene flow among giant Galapagos tortoises on southern Isabela Island. (7/998)

Effective seed dispersal across a fragmented landscape. (8/998)

Gene Flow

Genetics, Population

Genetic Variation

Genetic Speciation

Microsatellite Repeats

Geography

Regional Blood Flow

Blood Flow Velocity

Hybridization, Genetic

DNA, Mitochondrial

Animal Migration

Flow Cytometry

Genetic Structures

Phylogeography

Reproductive Isolation

Phylogeny

Genetic Drift

Population Dynamics

Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis

Haplotypes

Pollen

Gene Pool

Models, Genetic

Gibraltar

Ecosystem

Evolution, Molecular

Sympatry

Selection, Genetic

Reproduction

Biological Evolution

Species Specificity

Pollination

Atlantic Ocean

Africa, Northern

Sequence Analysis, DNA

Pulsatile Flow

Endangered Species

Gene Frequency

Butterflies

Population Density

Seed Dispersal

Inbreeding

DNA, Plant

Trees

Lecythidaceae

Quercus

Genetic Markers

Alleles

Bayes Theorem

Pinus

Genetic Loci

Chromosomes, Human, Y

Seeds

Central America

Polymorphism, Genetic

Demography

Eagles

Fraxinus

Human Migration

DNA, Chloroplast

Ranunculus

Mediterranean Region

South America

Crops, Agricultural

Emigration and Immigration

Organic Agriculture

Mediterranean Sea

Pacific Ocean

Ecology

Africa, Western

Genotype

Genealogy and Heraldry

Population

Europe

Pan paniscus

Africa, Central

Passeriformes

Mimulus

Likelihood Functions

Sorbus