Fungi. Medical search

A kingdom of eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms that live parasitically as saprobes, including MUSHROOMS; YEASTS; smuts, molds, etc. They reproduce either sexually or asexually, and have life cycles that range from simple to complex. Filamentous fungi, commonly known as molds, refer to those that grow as multicellular colonies.

A large and heterogenous group of fungi whose common characteristic is the absence of a sexual state. Many of the pathogenic fungi in humans belong to this group.

A phylum of fungi which have cross-walls or septa in the mycelium. The perfect state is characterized by the formation of a saclike cell (ascus) containing ascospores. Most pathogenic fungi with a known perfect state belong to this phylum.

A phylum of fungi that produce their sexual spores (basidiospores) on the outside of the basidium. It includes forms commonly known as mushrooms, boletes, puffballs, earthstars, stinkhorns, bird's-nest fungi, jelly fungi, bracket or shelf fungi, and rust and smut fungi.

Reproductive bodies produced by fungi.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of fungi.

Proteins found in any species of fungus.

A mitosporic Trichocomaceae fungal genus that develops fruiting organs resembling a broom. When identified, teleomorphs include EUPENICILLIUM and TALAROMYCES. Several species (but especially PENICILLIUM CHRYSOGENUM) are sources of the antibiotic penicillin.

The body of a fungus which is made up of HYPHAE.

An order of fungi in the phylum ASCOMYCOTA that includes a number of species which are parasitic on higher plants, insects, or fungi. Other species are saprotrophic.

A mitosporic Hypocreales fungal genus, various species of which are important parasitic pathogens of plants and a variety of vertebrates. Teleomorphs include GIBBERELLA.

Diseases of plants.

A genus of mitosporic fungi containing about 100 species and eleven different teleomorphs in the family Trichocomaceae.

A mitosporic fungal genus. Teleomorphs are found in the family Clavicipitaceae and include Cordyceps bassiana. The species Beauveria bassiana is a common pathogen of ARTHROPODS and is used in PEST CONTROL.

A genus of FUNGI, in the family Magnaporthaceae of uncertain position (incertae sedis). It is best known for its species, M. grisea, which is one of the most popular experimental organisms of all fungal plant pathogens. Its anamorph is PYRICULARIA GRISEA.

A phylum of fungi that are mutualistic symbionts and form ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAE with PLANT ROOTS.

Microscopic threadlike filaments in FUNGI that are filled with a layer of protoplasm. Collectively, the hyphae make up the MYCELIUM.

An order of ascomycetous FUNGI which includes many economically important plant parasites as well as saprophytes.

An endosymbiont that is either a bacterium or fungus living part of its life in a plant. Endophytes can benefit host plants by preventing pathogenic organisms from colonizing them.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

A mitosporic fungal genus frequently found in soil and on wood. It is sometimes used for controlling pathogenic fungi. Its teleomorph is HYPOCREA.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

A mitosporic fungal genus in the family Clavicipitaceae. It has teleomorphs in the family Nectriaceae. Metarhizium anisopliae is used in PESTICIDES.

Substances that destroy fungi by suppressing their ability to grow or reproduce. They differ from FUNGICIDES, INDUSTRIAL because they defend against fungi present in human or animal tissues.

The relationship between two different species of organisms that are interdependent; each gains benefits from the other or a relationship between different species where both of the organisms in question benefit from the presence of the other.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in fungi.

An extensive order of basidiomycetous fungi whose fruiting bodies are commonly called mushrooms.

A phylum of fungi that was formerly considered a subdivision of Phycomycetes. They are the only fungi that produce motile spores (zoospores) at some stage in their life cycle. Most are saprobes but they also include examples of plant, animal, and fungal pathogens.

The functional hereditary units of FUNGI.

A mitosporic Loculoascomycetes fungal genus including some economically important plant parasites. Teleomorphs include Mycosphaerella and Venturia.

The complete gene complement contained in a set of chromosomes in a fungus.

A mitosporic Loculoascomycetes fungal genus including several plant pathogens and at least one species which produces a highly phytotoxic antibiotic. Its teleomorph is Lewia.

The intergenic DNA segments that are between the ribosomal RNA genes (internal transcribed spacers) and between the tandemly repeated units of rDNA (external transcribed spacers and nontranscribed spacers).

A species of imperfect fungi from which the antibiotic nidulin is obtained. Its teleomorph is Emericella nidulans.

The fruiting 'heads' or 'caps' of FUNGI, which as a food item are familiarly known as MUSHROOMS, that contain the FUNGAL SPORES.

The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in the air. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms.

A genus of basidiomycetous smut fungi comprising the loose smuts.

A family of bracket fungi, order POLYPORALES, living in decaying plant matter and timber.

A genus of zygomycetous fungi of the family Mucoraceae, order Mucorales. It is primarily saprophytic, but may cause MUCORMYCOSIS in man from spores germinating in the lungs.

Toxic compounds produced by FUNGI.

An order of zygomycetous fungi, usually saprophytic, causing damage to food in storage, but which may cause respiratory infection or MUCORMYCOSIS in persons suffering from other debilitating diseases.

A species of imperfect fungi from which the antibiotic fumigatin is obtained. Its spores may cause respiratory infection in birds and mammals.

A genus of mitosporic Phyllachoraceae fungi which contains at least 40 species of plant parasites. They have teleomorphs in the genus Glomerella (see PHYLLACHORALES).

The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in the soil. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms.

Superficial infections of the skin or its appendages by any of various fungi.

A unicellular budding fungus which is the principal pathogenic species causing CANDIDIASIS (moniliasis).

An imperfect fungus causing smut or black mold of several fruits, vegetables, etc.

A mitosporic fungal genus occasionally causing human diseases such as pulmonary infections, mycotic keratitis, endocarditis, and opportunistic infections. Its teleomorph is BYSSOCHLAMYS.

The usually underground portions of a plant that serve as support, store food, and through which water and mineral nutrients enter the plant. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982; Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

Use of naturally-occuring or genetically-engineered organisms to reduce or eliminate populations of pests.

A copper-containing oxidoreductase enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of 4-benzenediol to 4-benzosemiquinone. It also has activity towards a variety of O-quinols and P-quinols. It primarily found in FUNGI and is involved in LIGNIN degradation, pigment biosynthesis and detoxification of lignin-derived products.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.

A genus of zygomycetous fungi of the family Mucoraceae, order MUCORALES, a common saprophyte and facultative parasite of mature fruits and vegetables. It may cause cerebral mycoses in diabetes and cutaneous infection in severely burned patients.

A genus of zygomycetous fungi of the family Mortierellaceae, order MUCORALES. Its species are abundant in soil and can cause rare infections in humans and animals. Mortierella alpinais is used for production of arachidonic acid.

A mitosporic fungal genus. P. brasiliensis (previously Blastomyces brasiliensis) is the etiologic agent of PARACOCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS.

An order of fungi in the phylum ASCOMYCOTA that includes many valuable experimental organisms. There are eight families and very few anamorphic forms.

The most abundant natural aromatic organic polymer found in all vascular plants. Lignin together with cellulose and hemicellulose are the major cell wall components of the fibers of all wood and grass species. Lignin is composed of coniferyl, p-coumaryl, and sinapyl alcohols in varying ratios in different plant species. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)

A species of the fungus CRYPTOCOCCUS. Its teleomorph is Filobasidiella neoformans.

A mitosporic Onygenales fungal genus causing HISTOPLASMOSIS in humans and animals. Its single species is Histoplasma capsulatum which has two varieties: H. capsulatum var. capsulatum and H. capsulatum var. duboisii. Its teleomorph is AJELLOMYCES capsulatus.

A product of hard secondary xylem composed of CELLULOSE, hemicellulose, and LIGNANS, that is under the bark of trees and shrubs. It is used in construction and as a source of CHARCOAL and many other products.

Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of kingdom Plantae (sensu lato), comprising the VIRIDIPLANTAE; RHODOPHYTA; and GLAUCOPHYTA; all of which acquired chloroplasts by direct endosymbiosis of CYANOBACTERIA. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (MERISTEMS); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absence of nervous and sensory systems; and an alternation of haploid and diploid generations.

A mitosporic Ceratobasidiaceae fungal genus that is an important plant pathogen affecting potatoes and other plants. There are numerous teleomorphs.

A genus of fungi in the family Corticiaceae, order Stereales, that degrades lignin. The white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium is a frequently used species in research.

The study of the structure, growth, function, genetics, and reproduction of fungi, and MYCOSES.

A mitosporic Leotiales fungal genus of plant pathogens. It has teleomorphs in the genus Botryotina.

An order of fungi in the phylum BASIDIOMYCOTA having macroscopic basidiocarps. The members are characterized by their saprophytic activities as decomposers, particularly in the degradation of CELLULOSE and LIGNIN. A large number of species in the order have been used medicinally. (From Alexopoulos, Introductory Mycology, 4th ed, pp504-68)

A genus of ascomycetous fungi of the family Chaetomiaceae, order SORDARIALES. Many members are cellulolytic and some mycotoxic. They occur naturally on paper and cotton fabric.

A species of imperfect fungi which grows on peanuts and other plants and produces the carcinogenic substance aflatoxin. It is also used in the production of the antibiotic flavicin.

A genus of white-spored mushrooms in the family Tricholomataceae. They form symbiotic partnerships (MYCORRHIZAE) with trees.

A mitosporic fungal genus with many reported ascomycetous teleomorphs. Cephalosporin antibiotics are derived from this genus.

One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.

A mitosporic Ophiostomataceae fungal genus, whose species Sporothrix schenckii is a well-known animal pathogen. The conidia of this soil fungus may be inhaled causing a primary lung infection, or may infect independently via skin punctures.

A species of ascomycetous fungi of the family Sordariaceae, order SORDARIALES, much used in biochemical, genetic, and physiologic studies.

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.

A normally saprophytic mitosporic Chaetothyriales fungal genus. Infections in humans include PHAEOHYPHOMYCOSIS; and PERITONITIS.. Exophiala jeanselmei (previously Phialophora jeanselmei) is an etiological agent of MYCETOMA.

An order of fungi in the phylum NEOCALLIMASTIGOMYCOTA comprising anaerobic chytrids that inhabit the RUMEN; and CECUM of herbivorous animals. Genera (all in the lone family Neocallimastigaceae) include NEOCALLIMASTIX, Orpinomyces, PIROMYCES, Anaeromyces, Cyllamyces, and Caecomyces.

Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)

Ribonucleic acid in fungi having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Annual cereal grass of the family POACEAE and its edible starchy grain, rice, which is the staple food of roughly one-half of the world's population.

Organisms, biological agents, or biologically-derived agents used strategically for their positive or adverse effect on the physiology and/or reproductive health of other organisms.

A genus of onygenacetous mitosporic fungi whose perfect state is Ajellomyces (see ONYGENALES). The species Blastomyces dermatitidis (perfect state Ajellomyces dermatitidis) causes blastomycosis.

Constituent of the 40S subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes. 18S rRNA is involved in the initiation of polypeptide synthesis in eukaryotes.

A genus of ascomycetous fungi, family Clavicipitaceae, order Hypocreales, parasitic on various grasses (POACEAE). The sclerotia contain several toxic alkaloids. Claviceps purpurea on rye causes ergotism.

The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.

Fungal genes that mostly encode TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS. In some FUNGI they also encode PHEROMONES and PHEROMONE RECEPTORS. The transcription factors control expression of specific proteins that give a cell its mating identity. Opposite mating type identities are required for mating.

Procedures for identifying types and strains of fungi.

An imperfect fungus present on most agricultural seeds and often responsible for the spoilage of seeds in bulk storage. It is also used in the production of fermented food or drink, especially in Japan.

The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.

A genus of ascomycete FUNGI in the order SORDARIALES, which is found on SOIL and herbivore dung (FECES).

Woody, usually tall, perennial higher plants (Angiosperms, Gymnosperms, and some Pterophyta) having usually a main stem and numerous branches.

A mitosporic fungal genus. Phialophora verrucosa is a cause of chromomycosis (CHROMOBLASTOMYCOSIS). Ophiobolus is the teleomorph of Phialophora.

Any of a group of plants formed by a symbiotic combination of a fungus with an algae or CYANOBACTERIA, and sometimes both. The fungal component makes up the bulk of the lichen and forms the basis for its name.

The outermost layer of a cell in most PLANTS; BACTERIA; FUNGI; and ALGAE. The cell wall is usually a rigid structure that lies external to the CELL MEMBRANE, and provides a protective barrier against physical or chemical agents.

A family of fungi, order POLYPORALES, found on decaying wood.

An endocellulase with specificity for the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-glucosidic linkages in CELLULOSE, lichenin, and cereal beta-glucans.

Elimination of ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; PESTICIDES and other waste using living organisms, usually involving intervention of environmental or sanitation engineers.

Anaerobic degradation of GLUCOSE or other organic nutrients to gain energy in the form of ATP. End products vary depending on organisms, substrates, and enzymatic pathways. Common fermentation products include ETHANOL and LACTIC ACID.

An order of fungi comprising mostly insect pathogens, though some infect mammals including humans. Strict host specificity make these fungi a focus of many biological control studies.

A mycosis affecting the skin, mucous membranes, lymph nodes, and internal organs. It is caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. It is also called paracoccidioidal granuloma. Superficial resemblance of P. brasiliensis to Blastomyces brasiliensis (BLASTOMYCES) may cause misdiagnosis.

A genus of yeast-like mitosporic Saccharomycetales fungi characterized by producing yeast cells, mycelia, pseudomycelia, and blastophores. It is commonly part of the normal flora of the skin, mouth, intestinal tract, and vagina, but can cause a variety of infections, including CANDIDIASIS; ONYCHOMYCOSIS; vulvovaginal candidiasis (CANDIDIASIS, VULVOVAGINAL), and thrush (see CANDIDIASIS, ORAL). (From Dorland, 28th ed)

The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.

A mitosporic fungal genus commonly isolated from soil. Some species are the cause of wilt diseases in many different plants.

The process of cumulative change at the level of DNA; RNA; and PROTEINS, over successive generations.

A class of unsegmented helminths with fundamental bilateral symmetry and secondary triradiate symmetry of the oral and esophageal structures. Many species are parasites.

A genus of ascomycetous fungi of the family Hypocreaceae, order Hypocreales including several pathogens of grains and cereals. It is also the source of plant growth regulators such as gibberellin and gibberellic acid.

Constituent of the 60S subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes. 5.8S rRNA is involved in the initiation of polypeptide synthesis in eukaryotes.

Substances of fungal origin that have antigenic activity.

DNA sequences encoding RIBOSOMAL RNA and the segments of DNA separating the individual ribosomal RNA genes, referred to as RIBOSOMAL SPACER DNA.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

Infection by a variety of fungi, usually through four possible mechanisms: superficial infection producing conjunctivitis, keratitis, or lacrimal obstruction; extension of infection from neighboring structures - skin, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx; direct introduction during surgery or accidental penetrating trauma; or via the blood or lymphatic routes in patients with underlying mycoses.

A linear polysaccharide of beta-1->4 linked units of ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE. It is the second most abundant biopolymer on earth, found especially in INSECTS and FUNGI. When deacetylated it is called CHITOSAN.

Total mass of all the organisms of a given type and/or in a given area. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990) It includes the yield of vegetative mass produced from any given crop.

Pulmonary diseases caused by fungal infections, usually through hematogenous spread.

A genus of ascomycetous fungi (ASCOMYCOTA), family Clavicipitaceae, order HYPOCREALES, that grows by infecting insect larvae or mature insects with spores that germinate often before the cocoon is formed.

A genus of zygomycetous fungi in the family Mucoraceae, order MUCORALES, forming mycelia having a metallic sheen. It has been used for research on phototropism.

Constituent of the 60S subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes. 28S rRNA is involved in the initiation of polypeptide synthesis in eukaryotes.

A mitosporic Tremellales fungal genus whose species usually have a capsule and do not form pseudomycellium. Teleomorphs include Filobasidiella and Fidobasidium.

A mitosporic Oxygenales fungal genus causing various diseases of the skin and hair. The species Microsporum canis produces TINEA CAPITIS and tinea corporis, which usually are acquired from domestic cats and dogs. Teleomorphs includes Arthroderma (Nannizzia). (Alexopoulos et al., Introductory Mycology, 4th edition, p305)

A plant genus in the family PINACEAE, order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division Coniferophyta. They are evergreen trees mainly in temperate climates.

A genus of fleshy shelf basidiomycetous fungi, family Schizophyllaceae, order POLYPORALES, growing on woody substrata. It is pathogenic in humans.

A genus of destructive root-parasitic OOMYCETES in the family Pythiaceae, order Peronosporales, commonly found in cultivated soils all over the world. Differentiation of zoospores takes place in a vesicle.

The interactions between a host and a pathogen, usually resulting in disease.

Reproduction without fusion of two types of cells, mostly found in ALGAE; FUNGI; and PLANTS. Asexual reproduction occurs in several ways, such as budding, fission, or splitting from "parent" cells. Only few groups of ANIMALS reproduce asexually or unisexually (PARTHENOGENESIS).

Infections with fungi of the genus ASPERGILLUS.

A genus of zygomycetous fungi of the family Cunninghamellaceae, order MUCORALES. Some species cause systemic infections in humans.

A polysaccharide with glucose units linked as in CELLOBIOSE. It is the chief constituent of plant fibers, cotton being the purest natural form of the substance. As a raw material, it forms the basis for many derivatives used in chromatography, ion exchange materials, explosives manufacturing, and pharmaceutical preparations.

A natural association between organisms that is detrimental to at least one of them. This often refers to the production of chemicals by one microorganism that is harmful to another.

A genus of fungus in the family Hypocreaceae, order HYPOCREALES. Anamorphs include TRICHODERMA.

Insects of the family Formicidae, very common and widespread, probably the most successful of all the insect groups. All ants are social insects, and most colonies contain three castes, queens, males, and workers. Their habits are often very elaborate and a great many studies have been made of ant behavior. Ants produce a number of secretions that function in offense, defense, and communication. (From Borror, et al., An Introduction to the Study of Insects, 4th ed, p676)

An enzyme that converts UDP glucosamine into chitin and UDP. EC 2.4.1.16.

Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses).

Change brought about to an organisms genetic composition by unidirectional transfer (TRANSFECTION; TRANSDUCTION, GENETIC; CONJUGATION, GENETIC, etc.) and incorporation of foreign DNA into prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells by recombination of part or all of that DNA into the cell's genome.

Enumeration by direct count of viable, isolated bacterial, archaeal, or fungal CELLS or SPORES capable of growth on solid CULTURE MEDIA. The method is used routinely by environmental microbiologists for quantifying organisms in AIR; FOOD; and WATER; by clinicians for measuring patients' microbial load; and in antimicrobial drug testing.

A genus of basidiomycetous fungi, family POLYPORACEAE, order POLYPORALES, that grows on logs or tree stumps in shelflike layers. The species P. ostreatus, the oyster mushroom, is a choice edible species and is the most frequently encountered member of the genus in eastern North America. (Alexopoulos et al., Introductory Mycology, 4th ed, p531)

A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is the source of EDIBLE GRAIN. A hybrid with rye (SECALE CEREALE) is called TRITICALE. The seed is ground into FLOUR and used to make BREAD, and is the source of WHEAT GERM AGGLUTININS.

Infection resulting from inhalation or ingestion of spores of the fungus of the genus HISTOPLASMA, species H. capsulatum. It is worldwide in distribution and particularly common in the midwestern United States. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

An order of fungi in the phylum ASCOMYCOTA containing many medically important species. There are four families and mitosporic (anamorphic) forms are prominent.

Proteins found in plants (flowers, herbs, shrubs, trees, etc.). The concept does not include proteins found in vegetables for which VEGETABLE PROTEINS is available.

The variety of all native living organisms and their various forms and interrelationships.

Glucose polymers consisting of a backbone of beta(1->3)-linked beta-D-glucopyranosyl units with beta(1->6) linked side chains of various lengths. They are a major component of the CELL WALL of organisms and of soluble DIETARY FIBER.

The parts of fungi.

A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The EDIBLE GRAIN, barley, is widely used as food.

Infection with a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. It is usually a superficial infection of the moist areas of the body and is generally caused by CANDIDA ALBICANS. (Dorland, 27th ed)

A large family of narrow-leaved herbaceous grasses of the order Cyperales, subclass Commelinidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). Food grains (EDIBLE GRAIN) come from members of this family. RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL can be induced by POLLEN of many of the grasses.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

A mitosporic Onygenaceae fungal genus which causes adiaspiromycosis, a pulmonary mycosis of man and rodents. One of its teleomorphs is Ajellomyces.

A basidiomycetous fungal genus of the family Agaricaceae, order Agaricales, which includes the field mushroom (A. campestris) and the commercial mushroom (A. bisporus).

A mitosporic fungal species used in the production of penicillin.

An exocellulase with specificity for the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in CELLULOSE and cellotetraose. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing ends of beta-D-glucosides with release of CELLOBIOSE.

A mitosporic Saccharomycetales fungal genus, various species of which have been isolated from pulmonary lesions. Teleomorphs include Dipodascus and Galactomyces.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

Techniques used in microbiology.

A mitosporic fungal genus including one species which forms a toxin in moldy hay that may cause a serious illness in horses.

A functional system which includes the organisms of a natural community together with their environment. (McGraw Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Eukaryotes in the group STRAMENOPILES, formerly considered FUNGI, whose exact taxonomic level is unsettled. Many consider Oomycetes (Oomycota) a phylum in the kingdom Stramenopila, or alternatively, as Pseudofungi in the phylum Heterokonta of the kingdom Chromista. They are morphologically similar to fungi but have no close phylogenetic relationship to them. Oomycetes are found in both fresh and salt water as well as in terrestrial environments. (Alexopoulos et al., Introductory Mycology, 4th ed, pp683-4). They produce flagellated, actively motile spores (zoospores) that are pathogenic to many crop plants and FISHES.

A plant species of the family APIACEAE that is widely cultivated for the edible yellow-orange root. The plant has finely divided leaves and flat clusters of small white flowers.

A genus of fungi in the family Neocallimasticaceae, order NEOCALLIMASTICALES, containing uniflagellate zoospores.

A family of glycosidases that hydrolyse crystalline CELLULOSE into soluble sugar molecules. Within this family there are a variety of enzyme subtypes with differing substrate specificities that must work together to bring about complete cellulose hydrolysis. They are found in structures called CELLULOSOMES.

The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.

Scaly papule or warty growth, caused by five fungi, that spreads as a result of satellite lesions affecting the foot or leg. The extremity may become swollen and, at its distal portion, covered with various nodular, tumorous, verrucous lesions that resemble cauliflower. In rare instances, the disease may begin on the hand or wrist and involve the entire upper extremity. (Arnold, Odom, and James, Andrew's Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p362)

A steroid of interest both because its biosynthesis in FUNGI is a target of ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS, notably AZOLES, and because when it is present in SKIN of animals, ULTRAVIOLET RAYS break a bond to result in ERGOCALCIFEROL.

A plant genus of the family Plantaginaceae. The small plants usually have a dense tuft of basal leaves and long, leafless stalks bearing a terminal spike of small flowers. The seeds, known as PSYLLIUM, swell in water and are used as laxatives. The leaves have been used medicinally.

Immunoglobulins produced in a response to FUNGAL ANTIGENS.

Furano-furano-benzopyrans that are produced by ASPERGILLUS from STERIGMATOCYSTIN. They are structurally related to COUMARINS and easily oxidized to an epoxide form to become ALKYLATING AGENTS. Members of the group include AFLATOXIN B1; aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1, aflatoxin G2; AFLATOXIN M1; and aflatoxin M2.

The ability of fungi to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antifungal agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation.

A general term for single-celled rounded fungi that reproduce by budding. Brewers' and bakers' yeasts are SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE; therapeutic dried yeast is YEAST, DRIED.

A fungal genus in the family Trichocomaceae, order EUROTIALES, characterized by loose hyphal fruiting bodies containing spherical asci. Anamorphs include PENICILLIUM and PAECILOMYCES.

Ascomycetous fungi, family Microascaceae, order Microascales, commonly found in the soil. They are causative agents of mycetoma, maduromycosis, and other infections in humans.

Fungal infection of keratinized tissues such as hair, skin and nails. The main causative fungi include MICROSPORUM; TRICHOPHYTON; and EPIDERMOPHYTON.

Infection with a fungus of the species CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS.

A mitosporic fungal genus occurring in soil or decaying plant matter. It is structurally similar to Penicillium.

A genus of black-spored basidiomycetous fungi of the family Coprinaceae, order Agaricales; some species are edible.

A set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene. Such genes may be clustered together on the same chromosome or dispersed on different chromosomes. Examples of multigene families include those that encode the hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, histocompatibility antigens, actins, tubulins, keratins, collagens, heat shock proteins, salivary glue proteins, chorion proteins, cuticle proteins, yolk proteins, and phaseolins, as well as histones, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes. The latter three are examples of reiterated genes, where hundreds of identical genes are present in a tandem array. (King & Stanfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

One of the three domains of life (the others being BACTERIA and ARCHAEA), also called Eukarya. These are organisms whose cells are enclosed in membranes and possess a nucleus. They comprise almost all multicellular and many unicellular organisms, and are traditionally divided into groups (sometimes called kingdoms) including ANIMALS; PLANTS; FUNGI; and various algae and other taxa that were previously part of the old kingdom Protista.

Infection in humans and animals caused by any fungus in the order Mucorales (e.g., Absidia, Mucor, Rhizopus etc.) There are many clinical types associated with infection of the central nervous system, lung, gastrointestinal tract, skin, orbit and paranasal sinuses. In humans, it usually occurs as an opportunistic infection in patients with a chronic debilitating disease, particularly uncontrolled diabetes, or who are receiving immunosuppressive agents. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

A plant species of the family POACEAE. It is a tall grass grown for its EDIBLE GRAIN, corn, used as food and animal FODDER.

A genus of aquatic fungi of the family Blastocladiaceae, order Blastocladiales, used in the study of zoospore formation.

A chronic progressive subcutaneous infection caused by species of fungi (eumycetoma), or actinomycetes (actinomycetoma). It is characterized by tumefaction, abscesses, and tumor-like granules representing microcolonies of pathogens, such as MADURELLA fungi and bacteria ACTINOMYCETES, with different grain colors.

A plant family of the order Orchidales, subclass Liliidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). All orchids have the same bilaterally symmetrical flower structure, with three sepals, but the flowers vary greatly in color and shape.

Spectroscopic method of measuring the magnetic moment of elementary particles such as atomic nuclei, protons or electrons. It is employed in clinical applications such as NMR Tomography (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING).

The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.

The unconsolidated mineral or organic matter on the surface of the earth that serves as a natural medium for the growth of land plants.

A species of the genus SACCHAROMYCES, family Saccharomycetaceae, order Saccharomycetales, known as "baker's" or "brewer's" yeast. The dried form is used as a dietary supplement.

An element with the atomic symbol N, atomic number 7, and atomic weight [14.00643; 14.00728]. Nitrogen exists as a diatomic gas and makes up about 78% of the earth's atmosphere by volume. It is a constituent of proteins and nucleic acids and found in all living cells.

A fungal infection of the nail, usually caused by DERMATOPHYTES; YEASTS; or nondermatophyte MOLDS.

An order of fungi in the phylum ASCOMYCOTA characterized by stromatic perithecial forms in most species. Notable genera are Magnaporthe and Glomerella, the latter having the anamorph (mitosporic form) COLLETOTRICHUM.

The capacity of an organism to defend itself against pathological processes or the agents of those processes. This most often involves innate immunity whereby the organism responds to pathogens in a generic way. The term disease resistance is used most frequently when referring to plants.

An exocellulase with specificity for 1,3-beta-D-glucasidic linkages. It catalyzes hydrolysis of beta-D-glucose units from the non-reducing ends of 1,3-beta-D-glucans, releasing GLUCOSE.

A cell wall-degrading enzyme found in microorganisms and higher plants. It catalyzes the random hydrolysis of 1,4-alpha-D-galactosiduronic linkages in pectate and other galacturonans. EC 3.2.1.15.

The study, utilization, and manipulation of those microorganisms capable of economically producing desirable substances or changes in substances, and the control of undesirable microorganisms.

An exocellulase with specificity for a variety of beta-D-glycoside substrates. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing residues in beta-D-glucosides with release of GLUCOSE.

A genetic rearrangement through loss of segments of DNA or RNA, bringing sequences which are normally separated into close proximity. This deletion may be detected using cytogenetic techniques and can also be inferred from the phenotype, indicating a deletion at one specific locus.

The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

A triazole antifungal agent that inhibits cytochrome P-450-dependent enzymes required for ERGOSTEROL synthesis.

A nonmetallic element with atomic symbol C, atomic number 6, and atomic weight [12.0096; 12.0116]. It may occur as several different allotropes including DIAMOND; CHARCOAL; and GRAPHITE; and as SOOT from incompletely burned fuel.

A genus of destructive parasitic OOMYCETES in the family Peronosporaceae, order Peronosporales, affecting numerous fruit, vegetable, and other crops. Differentiation of zoospores usually takes place in the sporangium and no vesicle is formed. It was previously considered a fungus.

Microbial and chemical transformations of some 12,13-epoxytrichothec-9,10-enes. (1/4893)

Resting cells of Streptomyces griseus, Mucor mucedo, and a growing culture of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus when mixed with compounds related to 12,13-epoxytrichothec-9-ene-4beta,15-diacetoxy-3alpha-ol(anguidine) produced a series of derivatives that were either partially hydrolyzed or selectively acylated. These derivatives showed marked differences in activities as assayed by antifungal and tissue culture cytotoxicity tests. (+info)

Amphotericin B- and fluconazole-resistant Candida spp., Aspergillus fumigatus, and other newly emerging pathogenic fungi are susceptible to basic antifungal peptides. (2/4893)

The present study shows that a number of basic antifungal peptides, including human salivary histatin 5, a designed histatin analog designated dhvar4, and a peptide from frog skin, PGLa, are active against amphotericin B-resistant Candida albicans, Candida krusei, and Aspergillus fumigatus strains and against a fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata isolate. (+info)

In-vitro activity of voriconazole, itraconazole and amphotericin B against filamentous fungi. (3/4893)

The in-vitro fungistatic and fungicidal activities of voriconazole were compared with those of itraconazole and amphotericin B. MICs for 110 isolates belonging to 11 species of filamentous fungi were determined by a broth microdilution adaptation of the method recommended by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Minimum lethal concentrations (MLCs) of the three antifungal agents were also determined. The MIC ranges of the three compounds were comparable for Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Cladophialophora bantiana and Exophiala dermatitidis. Voriconazole and itraconazole were more active than amphotericin B against Fonsecaea pedrosoi, but the two azole agents were less active against Sporothrix schenckii. Voriconazole was more active than itraconazole or amphotericin B against Scedosporium apiospermum, but less active than the other two agents against two mucoraceous moulds, Absidia corymbifera and Rhizopus arrhizus. Voriconazole and amphotericin B were more active than itraconazole against Fusarium solani. With the exception of S. apiospermum, all the moulds tested had MLC50 values of < or =2 mg/L and MLC90 values of < or =4 mg/L against amphotericin B. Voriconazole and itraconazole showed fungicidal effects against five of the 1 1 moulds tested (A. flavus, A. fumigatus, C. bantiana, E. dermatitidis and F. pedrosoi) with MLC90 values of < or =2 mg/L. In addition, voriconazole was fungicidal for Phialophora parasitica. Our results suggest that voriconazole could be effective against a wide range of mould infections in humans. (+info)

Novel genes induced during an arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis formed between Medicago truncatula and Glomus versiforme. (4/4893)

Many terrestrial plant species are able to form symbiotic associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Here we have identified three cDNA clones representing genes whose expression is induced during the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis formed between Medicago truncatula and an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, Glomus versiforme. The three clones represent M. truncatula genes and encode novel proteins: a xyloglucan endotransglycosylase-related protein, a putative arabinogalactan protein (AGP), and a putative homologue of the mammalian p110 subunit of initiation factor 3 (eIF3). These genes show little or no expression in M. truncatula roots prior to formation of the symbiosis and are significantly induced following colonization by G. versiforme. The genes are not induced in roots in response to increases in phosphate. This suggests that induction of expression during the symbiosis is due to the interaction with the fungus and is not a secondary effect of improved phosphate nutrition. In situ hybridization revealed that the putative AGP is expressed specifically in cortical cells containing arbuscules. The identification of two mycorrhiza-induced genes encoding proteins predicted to be involved in cell wall structure is consistent with previous electron microscopy data that indicated major alterations in the extracellular matrix of the cortical cells following colonization by mycorrhizal fungi. (+info)

Comparison of interferon-gamma, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor for priming leukocyte-mediated hyphal damage of opportunistic fungal pathogens. (5/4893)

Proinflammatory cytokines have been proposed as adjunctive therapeutic agents to enhance the host immune response during infections caused by opportunistic fungi. The study compared the differential in vitro priming effects of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on hyphal damage of opportunistic fungi mediated by isolated neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes, PMNL) and buffy coat cells (polymorphonuclear leukocytes/peripheral blood mononuclear cells, PMNL/PBMC) from healthy donors. IFN-gamma (1000 U/mL) effectively primed both PMNL and PMNL/PBMC for enhanced hyphal damage of Aspergillus fumigatus, Fusarium solani, and Candida albicans. G-CSF (100 ng/mL) increased hyphal damage mediated by both PMNL and PMNL/PBMC against F. solani, and GM-CSF (100 ng/mL) augmented the antifungal activity of PMNL/PBMC against hyphal forms of both F. solani and C. albicans. IFN-gamma may be superior to G-CSF or GM-CSF for enhancing the microbicidal activity of PMNL and PMNL/PBMC against opportunistic fungi. (+info)

Contaminations occurring in fungal PCR assays. (6/4893)

Successful in vitro amplification of fungal DNA in clinical specimens has been reported recently. In a collaboration among five European centers, the frequency and risk of contamination due to airborne spore inoculation or carryover contamination in fungal PCR were analyzed. The identities of all contaminants were specified by cycle sequencing and GenBank analysis. Twelve of 150 PCR assays that together included over 2,800 samples were found to be contaminated (3.3% of the negative controls were contaminated during the DNA extraction, and 4.7% of the PCR mixtures were contaminated during the amplification process). Contaminants were specified as Aspergillus fumigatus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Acremonium spp. Further analysis showed that commercially available products like zymolyase powder or 10x PCR buffer may contain fungal DNA. In conclusion, the risk of contamination is not higher in fungal PCR assays than in other diagnostic PCR-based assays if general precautions are taken. (+info)

Chemically defined medium for susceptibility testing of antimicrobial agents. (7/4893)

A defined medium was developed that supports growth of many of the bacterial and fungal pathogens frequently isolated in clinics. (+info)

Brasilicardin A, a new terpenoid antibiotic from pathogenic Nocardia brasiliensis: fermentation, isolation and biological activity. (8/4893)

A novel tricyclic diterpenoid antibiotic, brasilicardin A, was isolated from the culture broth of Nocardia brasiliensis IFM 0406. The antibiotic exhibited immunosuppressive activity in a mouse mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay system and its IC50 value was 0.057 microg/ml. Although the inhibitory activity of cyclosporin A (CyA) against IL-2 production was confirmed in the MLR assay system, brasilicardin A did not have the activity. The results of in vitro toxicity testing of brasilicardin A against various human cell lines were compared with those of CyA. (+info)

Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CABI. p. 670. ISBN 978- ... Strobilurus is a genus of fungi in the family Physalacriaceae. The genus has a widespread distribution in temperate regions, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strobilurus_(fungi)

They are colloquially called club fungi and coral fungi. Originally such fungi were referred to the genus Clavaria ("clavarioid ... The clavarioid fungi are a group of fungi in the Basidiomycota typically having erect, simple or branched basidiocarps (fruit ... Most clavarioid fungi have simple or branched fruit bodies that are erect (or pendant from wood in the genus Deflexula). The ... Most clavarioid fungi are saprotrophic with a terrestrial habit, growing in woodland leaf litter or in mossy grassland. A few ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clavarioid_fungi

The sterile fungi, or mycelia sterilia are a group of fungi that do not produce any known spores, either sexual or asexual. ... Because these fungi do not produce spores, it is impossible to use traditional methods of morphological comparison to classify ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterile_fungi

... "tooth fungi". The ear-pick fungus and other species of Auriscalpium (Russulales) are hydnoid, as is the odd jelly fungus ... The hydnoid fungi are a group of fungi in the Basidiomycota with basidiocarps (fruit bodies) producing spores on pendant, tooth ... They are colloquially called tooth fungi. Originally such fungi were referred to the genus Hydnum ("hydnoid" means Hydnum-like ... ISBN 1-900347-15-6. Scottish stipitate hydnoid brochure Tooth Fungi at AmericanMushrooms.com Pinewood tooth fungi species ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydnoid_fungi

The remainder of the marine fungi are chytrids and mitosporic or asexual fungi. Many species of marine fungi are known only ... Raghukumar, S. The marine environment and the role of fungi. In Fungi in Coastal and Oceanic Marine Ecosystems: Marine Fungi; ... They are divided into two major groups; obligate marine fungi and facultative marine fungi. Obligate marine fungi are adapted ... Fungi were considered to be part of the plant kingdom until the mid-20th century. By the middle of the 20th century Fungi were ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_fungi

Similarly, Fungi music is a blend of many different instruments and styles. A fungi band is based on the fusion of a wide range ... Notable fungi artists are educator-turned politician Elmore Stoutt who is regarded as the Fungi Master and the legendary ... Fungi is the name given to the local musical form of the British Virgin Islands. It is also the native music of the U.S. Virgin ... The name fungi comes from a local dish of the same name. It is a cornmeal-based food which is made with different ingredients ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungi_(music)

The desert fungi are a variety of terricolous fungi inhabiting the biological soil crust of arid regions. Those exposed to the ... v t e The Desert fungi adapts to their environment with their morphological features to allow for nutrients and water to enter ... Not only have desert fungi learned to fend for themselves, they've also became a survival mechanism for the community organisms ... Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Fungi by adaptation, Deserts, All stub articles, Mycology ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desert_fungi

A wide variety of animals feed on epigeous and hypogeous fungi. The mammals that feed on fungi are as diverse as fungi ... Hypogeous fungi are usually called truffles or false truffles. There is evidence that hypogeous fungi evolved from epigeous ... Squirrels and chipmunks eat the greatest variety of fungi, but there are many other mammals that also forage on fungi, such as ... Sporocarps can also serve as a food source for other fungi. Sporocarps can be hosts to diverse communities of fungicolous fungi ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sporocarp_(fungi)

They are sometimes colloquially called crust fungi or patch fungi. Originally such fungi were referred to the genus Corticium ... The corticioid fungi are a group of fungi in the Basidiomycota typically having effused, smooth basidiocarps (fruit bodies) ... Parasites of plants and other fungi are also found in the group. Corticioid fungi have a worldwide distribution, but are ... Most corticioid fungi are wood-rotting species and rely on wood degradation as their primary means of nutrition. Although the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corticioid_fungi

The gasteroid fungi are a group of fungi in the Basidiomycota. Species were formerly placed in the obsolete class ... According to a 2011 estimate, gasteroid fungi comprise about 8.4% of the known Agaricomycetes. The gasteroid fungi form visibly ... fungi, and plants. Although the starting point was subsequently put back to 1753, names of gasteroid fungi used in Persoon's ... "gasteroid fungi". Several gasteroid fungi-such as the stinkhorn, Phallus impudicus L.-were formally described by Carl Linnaeus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gasteroid_fungi

The fungi imperfecti or imperfect fungi, are fungi which do not fit into the commonly established taxonomic classifications of ... and fungi imperfecti are anamorphic fungi, or mitosporic fungi, but these are terms without taxonomic rank. Examples are ... Although Fungi imperfecti/Deuteromycota is no longer formally accepted as a taxon, many of the fungi it included have yet to ... Fungi producing the antibiotic penicillin and those that cause athlete's foot and yeast infections are algal fungi. In addition ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungi_imperfecti

The cyphelloid fungi are a group of fungi in the Basidiomycota that have disc-, tube-, or cup-shaped basidiocarps (fruit bodies ... As a group, the cyphelloid fungi are cosmopolitan, though (as with most fungi) better studied and better known in north ... Fruit bodies of the cyphelloid fungi are typically small (under 10 mm across), disc-shaped, cup-shaped, or tube-like, with or ... Most cyphelloid species are wood-rotting fungi, growing on dead attached branches, on old bark of living trees, or on fallen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyphelloid_fungi

Edible mushroom Evolution of fungi "Fantastic Fungi (2019)". The Numbers. Retrieved August 1, 2021. "Fantastic Fungi". AFI ... Official website Fantastic Fungi at IMDb Fantastic Fungi on Netflix (CS1 location test, Articles with short description, Short ... "Fantastic Fungi (2019)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango. Retrieved October 10, 2021. "Fantastic Fungi (2019)". Metacritic. CBS ... Fantastic Fungi is a 2019 American documentary film directed by Louie Schwartzberg. The film combines time-lapse cinematography ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fantastic_Fungi

... are fungi that develop fruit bodies exclusively or relatively abundantly on soil that has had ammonia or other ... Fukiharu T, Hongo T (1995). "Ammonia fungi of Iriomote Island in the southern Ryukyus, Japan and a new ammonia fungus, Hebeloma ... "Ammonia fungi - a chemoecological grouping of terrestrial fungi". Contributions of the Biology Lab of Kyoto. 24: 205-76. ... doi:10.1007/s10267-005-0270-8. Sagara N, Yamanaka K, Tibbett M, Carter DJ, Tibbett M (2008). "Soil fungi associated with graves ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonia_fungi

Little is known about ecology of ambrosia fungi, as well as about their specificity to ambrosia beetle species. Ambrosia fungi ... Ambrosia fungi are fungal symbionts of ambrosia beetles including the polyphagous and Kuroshio shot hole borers. There are a ... All ambrosia fungi are probably asexual and clonal. Paul Rugman-Jones; Richard Stouthamer. "Polyphagous- and Kuroshio shot hole ... Dispersal biology of ophiostomatoid fungi. p. 195-206. In: Ceratocystis and Ophiostoma: Taxonomy, Ecology and Pathology. Eds., ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambrosia_fungi

... are fungi that contain metabolites or can be induced to produce metabolites through biotechnology to develop ... Fungi are a source of ergosterol which can be converted to vitamin D2 upon exposure to ultraviolet light. The yeast ... Although fungi products have long been used in traditional medicine, the ability to identify beneficial properties and then ... Numerous fungi have well-documented psychotropic effects, some of them severe and associated with acute and life-threatening ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicinal_fungi

... (dung-loving fungi) are a type of saprobic fungi that grow on animal dung. The hardy spores of coprophilous ... The fungi then flourish in the feces, before releasing their spores to the surrounding area. Coprophilous fungi release their ... Some coprophilous fungi are also known to grow from the dung of omnivores (such as Chaetomium globisporum from rat droppings) ... The fruiting bodies of the fungi then grow from the animal feces. It is essential that the spores of the species then reach new ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coprophilous_fungi

Laterally-attached fungi with pores rather than gills are referred to as bracket fungi. Cheimonophyllum Crepidotus ... Pleurotoid fungi are typically wood-decay fungi and are found on dead and dying trees and coarse woody debris. The pleurotoid ... Gilled fungi with laterally-attached fruiting bodies are said to be pleurotoid (Gr.: pleurē + ōtos + -oid, literally "side-ear ... "Pleurotoid Fungi". MushroomHobby.com. Retrieved 2011-04-08. Magic Mushrooms Effects & How To Grow Magic Mushrooms Retrieved ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleurotoid_fungi

Look up fungi in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Fungi is a plural form of fungus. Fungi may also refer to: Fungi (music), a ... Ireland This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Fungi. If an internal link led you here, you may wish ... Caribbean music style Fúngi, a Central African food Cou-cou, also known as "fungi", a Caribbean food Fungie, a dolphin in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungi_(disambiguation)

Fungi by conservation status Régis (2 July 2001). "Current trends and perspectives for the global conservation of fungi". In ... Fungi are considered to be in urgent need of conservation by the British Mycological Society on the grounds that it is a ... Current threats to fungi include destruction of forests worldwide, fragmentation of habitat, changes in land use, pollution, ... In addition, the criteria for "red-listing" is not specifically designed for fungi and the kinds of data required, viz. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_of_fungi

Since fungi do not biomineralise, they do not readily enter the fossil record; there are only three claims of early fungi. One ... The evolution of fungi has been going on since fungi diverged from other life around 1.5 billion years ago, with the glomaleans ... The earliest terrestrial fungus fossils, or at least fungus-like fossils, have been found in South China from around 635 ... Blackwell M, Vilgalys R, James TY, Taylor JW (2009). "Fungi. Eumycota: mushrooms, sac fungi, yeast, molds, rusts, smuts, etc". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_fungi

... (also known as sap stain fungi) is a vague term including various fungi that cause dark staining in sapwood. ... Trade and pulp production problems associated with blue stain fungi Developing spores of the blue stain fungi are a concern in ... Some of the fungi have also been shown to have detrimental effects on the strength properties of infected wood. Conversely, in ... According to Pulp and Paper Research Institute of Canada the wood infected with the blue stain fungus have a high proportion of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_stain_fungi

Fungi - "Fungi" is plural for "fungus". A fungus is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes unicellular ... of poisonous mushrooms List of deadly mushrooms By aspect Bioluminescent fungi Deadly fungi By use Medicinal fungi Edible fungi ... By activity Carnivorous fungi Pathogenic fungi Poisonous fungi Poisonous mushrooms List ... Fungi Mushroom Observer (mushroomobserver.org), a collaborative fungus recording and identification project (Articles with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_fungi

Vánky & Shivas (2008). Fungi of Australia The Smut Fungi. CSIRO Publishing/ABRS. ISBN 9780643095366. (2013) Fungi of the Wombat ... most of the species commonly understood to be fungi), the Pucciniomycotina (rust fungi), and the Ustilaginomycotina (smut fungi ... The range of habitats they occupy is the same as for the fungi as a whole. Most of Australia's lichen-forming fungi belong in ... Knowledge about the fungi of Australia is meagre. Little is known about aboriginal cultural traditions involving fungi, or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungi_of_Australia

Fungi within Zygomycota form progametangia with suspensors during mating Fungi within Ascomycota form ascogonium and ... Not all fungi reproduce sexually and many that do are isogamous; thus, for many members of the fungal kingdom, the terms "male ... Mating in fungi is a complex process governed by mating types. Research on fungal mating has focused on several model species ... In haploid multicellular fungi, such as N. crassa, meiosis occurring in the brief diploid stage is one of their most complex ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mating_in_fungi

... is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal published by MDPI quarterly covering all aspects of Fungi. ... "Journal of Fungi". Scopus. Retrieved 12 August 2019. Official website v t e (Articles with short description, Short description ... "New Collaboration between the ECMM and The Journal of Fungi". European Confederation of Medical Mycology. Retrieved 2019-12-20 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_Fungi

... , 2007; a sound only album by Astrophobos Fungi From Yuggoth, Sweden 2009, CD and album. Eleven poems read by ... Fungi from Yuggoth by H.P. Lovecraft, 2015. Music and narration by Bryant O'Hara. Fungi from Yuggoth I - V, 2015, treated sound ... Fungi From Yuggoth, 2017. "An exploration of the first ten sonnets" by the German metal band Terrible Old Man. Fungi from ... Sinha-Morey, Bobbi, "Fungi: the Poetry of H.P. Lovecraft" Calenture 2:2 (January 2007). Vaughan, Ralph E., "The Story in Fungi ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungi_from_Yuggoth

Some fungi are considered invasive species in certain parts of the world: Amanita muscaria Amanita phalloides Batrachochytrium ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_invasive_fungi

Female-female competition may also occur, indicated by the much faster evolution of female-biased genes in fungi. Most fungi ... Most fungi have a haploid-diploid life cycle. Sexual selection is much more crucial in the diploid phase as the product of the ... Within fungi, there is competition to fertilize, which can be seen as the equivalent of male-male competition in plants and ... Mushroom-forming fungi within the phylum Basidiomycota produce sexually by the reciprocal migration of nuclei and have a male- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_selection_in_fungi

... is the second solo album by Les Claypool. The album was released on the March 17, 2009. The album featured ... With a few added tidbits and a bit of gypsy sauce, I inflict upon you... OF FUNGI AND FOE All Lyrics Written by Les Claypool " ... DecoyMusic.com review Wood, Mikael (March 16, 2009). "Album review: Les Claypool's 'Of Fungi and Foe'". The Los Angeles Times. ... Management: Andy Gould & Leanne Lajoie for Spectacle Group "Of Fungi and Foe". AllMusic. Retrieved November 13, 2019. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Of_Fungi_and_Foe

Fungi Perfecti® is a family-owned, environmentally friendly company specializing in using mushrooms to improve the health of ... Paul Stamets started Fungi Perfecti® with the goal of building the bridge between people and fungi.. Since its inception in ... Fungi Perfecti ©2022 Fungi Perfecti LLC. PO Box 7634. Olympia, WA 98507. USA ... March 10, 2021 Fungi Perfecti Why All Host Defense Supplements Are Powered by Mushroom Mycelium Mycelium and mycological ...

https://fungi.com/

Perhaps the most indispensable fungus of all is an ascomycete, the common yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), whose varieties ... Other fungi produce compact resting bodies, such as the sclerotia formed by certain root- and stem-rotting fungi (Rhizoctonia ... caused by the ascomycete fungus Venturia inaequalis. Apple scab is found wherever apples and crabapples are grown but is most ... parasitica), and apple scab (Venturia inequalis). Perhaps the most indispensable fungus of all is an ascomycete, the common ...

https://www.britannica.com/science/Venturia-inequalis

sigmoid fungus beetle. Title (Click to Sort) Fact Sheet Number Tags Fungus Beetles HYG-2084 fungus beetles, foreign grain ... beetle, beetle infestation, beetle prevention, hairy fungus beetle, plaster beetle, sigmoid fungus beetle, acute-angled fungus ...

https://ohioline.osu.edu/tags/sigmoid-fungus-beetle

... and its primarily a concern for invasive infections with the fungus Candida. ... Some fungi no longer respond to the antifungal medications designed to cure them. This emerging phenomenon is known as ... Tackling antimicrobial-resistant fungi. Resistant fungi are a growing public health threat. Everyone-including CDC scientists, ... Antifungal drugs treat fungal infections by killing or stopping the growth of dangerous fungi in the body. Fungi can develop ...

http://www.cdc.gov/fungal/antifungal-resistance.html

https://fungi.com/collections/lions-mane-mushroom/ingredients_mushrooms-herbs

Monsanto has a new enemy... fungi. Mycologist Paul Stamets holds a patent for insect-killing fungi - or mycopesticides... ... Fungi are living organisms that support the ecosystem of the entire planet. Most people associate mushrooms with... ... A new study from the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew in London says that fungi are capable of expediting the breakdown... ... NexLoop unveils water management system inspired by spiders, fungi, bees and plants. *Greg Beach ...

https://inhabitat.com/tag/fungi/

...

https://themushroomkingdom.net/board/index.php

JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it ...

https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/89616/browse?authority=Fungi&type=mesh

American Thoracic Society

https://www.thoracic.org/patients/patient-resources/topic-specific/infections-and-problems.php

Flickriver - view images as a river of photos and more...

https://www.flickriver.com/photos/tags/fungi/interesting/

... fungi) that can live on the skin. They can live on the dead tissues of the hair, nails, and outer skin layers. ... Fungal infections are caused by microscopic organisms (fungi) that can live on the skin. They can live on the dead tissues of ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/imagepages/9485.htm

"The fungus allows the switchgrass to absorb minerals from the soil." In a previous study, the team identified the receptor gene ... The ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor, shown in green, envelops the roots of a transgenic switchgrass plant. Switchgrass ... Scientists observed the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor as it enveloped the plants roots. This behavior, not known to ... is not known to interact with this type of fungi naturally; the added PtLecRLK1 gene tells the plant to engage the fungus. ...

https://www.ornl.gov/news/bioenergy-friendly-fungi

Find out more about the health and harms of fungi. ... A fungus is one of a wide range of living organisms, some of ... Fungi make important contributions in managing disease in humans and animals. Penicillin is based on fungi. Fungi are involved ... Black fungus and COVID-19: Myths and facts. Here, we address some of the myths associated with so-called black fungus and its ... The most common fungi to cause skin infections are the tinea group of fungi, which causes ringworm and athletes foot. Another ...

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/158134

Peoples cancers are apparently playing host to their very own fungi. A pair of studies this week have documented the unique ... This team also found plenty of fungi nestled within human cancers, with some cancers being more likely to harbor certain fungi ... In lung cancer tumors, for instance, Blastomyces fungi were more commonly found, while Candida fungi were more common in ... "The existence of fungi in most human cancers is both a surprise and to be expected," said study author Rob Knight, a researcher ...

https://www.msn.com/en-us/health/medical/our-cancers-are-filled-with-fungi/ar-AA12rwgJ?ocid=BingNewsSearch&fromMaestro=true

... Fungal communities in tumors are associated with clinical outcomes ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41591-022-00100-5?error=cookies_not_supported&code=8a819ab7-897c-4142-8847-1c83fd5bcdbf

Iqbal, S.H.; Khalid, A.N. 1996: Material for the fungus flora of Pakistan. II. An updated check list of rust fungi (Uredinales ... Baker, S.D. 1956: Additions to the rust fungi of New Zealand, II Trans. roy. Soc. N.Z 83(3): 453-463. Cunningham, G.H. 1945: ... Mcnabb, R.F.R. 1962: The graminicolous rust fungi of New Zealand Trans Roy Soc New Zealand Bot 1(19): 235-257. McKenzie, E.H.C ... Mckenzie, E. 1980: New graminicolous rust fungi, Puccinia rara sp. nov. and Puccinia polypogonobia sp. nov New Zealand journal ...

https://eurekamag.com/research/070/613/070613520.php

the champion of fungi. Posted on October 24, 2006 by mariko Behold the matsutake, also known as the pine mushroom. It is a ... He had taken a course on fungi and so knew where to go to find them. they were *so* good. The best was when he made a homemade ...

http://www.supereggplant.com/?p=830

... fungi - Raising our voices to improve health around the world. ... viruses and fungi. Antibiotic resistance is a natural Read More ...

https://blogs.cdc.gov/global/tag/fungi/

... who is knitting a fantastic series of 52 forms of fungi. ... These knitted fungi were created by fiber artist and nature ... These knitted fungi were created by fiber artist and nature enthusiast Leigh Martin, who is knitting a fantastic series of 52 ... I will be the first to buy your fungi pattern. I am a infection control nurse and would luke a pattern for some germs too! ...

https://makezine.com/article/craft/knitted-forms-of-fungi/

... This pod was created for the OpenStax College textbook College Biology: Chapter 24 Fungi ISBN ... You just viewed College Biology: Chapter 24 Fungi. Please take a moment to rate this material. ...

https://merlot.org/merlot/viewMaterial.htm?id=831106

Decoding the language of fungi could do a lot to help us understand changes in the environment. ... "Fungi could report changes in soil quality, water purity, pollution, or any other features of the environment that they are ... In observing the spikes of electrical activity in particular species of fungi, computer scientist Andrew Adamatzky at the ... To record this activity, Adamatzky attached electrodes to four species of fungus - ghost, Enoki, split gill and caterpillar - ...

https://theecologist.org/2022/nov/25/electrical-language-fungi

... in fungi (kingdom Fungi), cushionlike plate of solid mycelium (masses of filaments that form the body of a typical fungus) ... stroma, plural stromata, in fungi (kingdom Fungi), cushionlike plate of solid mycelium (masses of filaments that form the body ... of a typical fungus) formed by many members. Vegetative and reproductive structures are borne on or in them. ...

https://www.britannica.com/science/stroma-in-fungus

You cannot paste images directly. Upload or insert images from URL. ...

https://ocremix.org/community/topic/1805-ocr01133-legend-of-zelda-links-awakening-fungus-funktion/?do=reportComment&comment=22968

It consists of hundreds of species of bacteria and fungi, and in particular filamentous fungi (‎moulds)‎ growing indoors when ... It is caused by hundredsof species of bacteria and fungi, in particular filamentous fungi (‎mould)‎,growing indoors when ... Coelomomyces fungi, an important group of mosquito parasites Laird, Marshall; World Health Organization (‎World Health ... Survey of keratinophilic fungi in sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants of Mazandaran, Islamic Republic of Iran ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?locale-attribute=pt&type=mesh&authority=Fungi

... the infection known as black fungus and associated with Covid-19, local media reported. ... According to the El Litoral website, at least three people with the black fungus have already been reported in the country, so ... the infection known as black fungus and associated with Covid-19, local media reported. ...

https://www.plenglish.com/news/2021/06/18/first-victim-of-the-known-black-fungus-dies-in-argentina/

How plants react to fungi. University of Würzburg. DOI. 10.7554/eLife.44474. Keywords. * /Life sciences/Organismal biology/ ...

https://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/666546

Fungi and cancerous tumours: California… Share this:. *Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) ... "The existence of fungi in most human cancers is both a surprise and to be expected," Dr. Rob Knight, a professor at UC San ... "It is surprising because we dont know how fungi could get into tumors throughout the body. But it is also expected because it ... Although there are no definitive conclusions that could be drawn about the role fungi plays in the development and spread of ...

https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/10/05/fungi-and-cancerous-tumours-california-scientists-uncover-association/

... Reducing intestinal fungi slowed disease progression in mice. ... Fourteen patients had high fungi levels and 13 were classified as low. After five years, 77 percent of the low-fungi group ... The team also compared fungi in the stool of eight healthy people and 20 people with chronic alcohol abuse and various stages ... Mycology Addiction Liver Hepatology Alcohol alcoholic liver disease Alcoholism Microbiome Fungi Antifungal ...

https://www.newswise.com/articles/intestinal-fungi-worsen-alcoholic-liver-disease

Some fungi reproduce through tiny spores in the air. (medlineplus.gov)
Fungi are found in almost any habitat, including the International Space Station (ISS), where they were found to decompose food, with some spores surviving 5 months in microgravity. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Spores from a parasitic fungus called Cordyceps have infiltrated their bodies and their minds. (science.org.au)
These processes take place mostly beneath the surface or in the soil, and the function of the visible part of the fungi is to ensure reproduction by producing and releasing spores. (friendslakeshorepreserve.com)
Basically, it is a fungus that invades the corn plant, and as a result, the corn kernels grow into bulbous galls, which contain the spores of the fungus. (kellymatteisfavoritethings.com)
While it is known that airborne fungi and their spores are associated with hay fever, asthma, and hypersensitivity pneumonitis, a universally accepted method to accurately detect and quantify this contamination is lacking. (cdc.gov)
Airborne spores and other fungi particles are ubiquitous in nonpolar landscapes, especially among field crops, and often form the bulk of suspended biogenic debris. (medscape.com)
In its life cycle, a single fungus organism produces both sexual and asexual spores from morphologically different structures respectively termed perfect and imperfect stages. (medscape.com)
Atmospheric moisture affects not only the growth and fruiting of fungi but also the dispersion of spores and resultant prevalence. (medscape.com)

Around 4,000 are mushrooms or other large fungi and the rest are tiny moulds, mildews, smuts, and rusts. (birdguides.com)
Peter Marren, author of the book Mushrooms: The natural and human world of British fungi , commented: "Fungi are as vital to our existence as plants. (birdguides.com)
It includes many common gilled mushrooms, as well as shelf fungi, bracket fungi, rust fungi, and even jelly fungi. (friendslakeshorepreserve.com)
Hyphae are modified to bear the simple reproductive parts of many microfungi and form the structural tissue of fleshy fungi (eg, mushrooms, puff balls). (medscape.com)

Antifungal drugs treat fungal infections by killing or stopping the growth of dangerous fungi in the body. (cdc.gov)
Some types of fungi, like Candida auris , can become resistant to all the antifungal drugs normally used to treat these infections. (cdc.gov)
For example, the drug fluconazole does not work against infections caused by the fungus Aspergillus , a type of mold found throughout the environment. (cdc.gov)
Test for resistant fungi in patients with fungal infections that are not improving with first-line antifungal drugs. (cdc.gov)
When normal balances that are responsible for keeping fungi in check are upset, localized fungal infections can occur. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The most common fungi to cause skin infections are the tinea group of fungi, which causes ringworm and athlete's foot. (medicalnewstoday.com)
However, microbes can evolve to resist the effects of drugs that prevent and treat a range of infections caused by bacteria, parasites, viruses and fungi. (cdc.gov)
In an interview with the C5N channel, the Argentine researcher Lujan Cuesta stated that those Covid-19 cases who are in intensive care units, behave like severely immunosuppressed patients and are more prone to have infections by opportunistic agents, including fungi. (plenglish.com)
This fungus can cause severe infections and death and is often misdiagnosed and treated inappropriately. (cdc.gov)
Poor blood circulation means a weaker immune system which is easily penetrated by infections such as nail fungi . (healthcareformen.info)
Thus, the purpose of this literature review was to evaluate the main works on the presence of fungi in endodontic infections, seeking to address their influence in refractory infections and chronic apical periodontitis, describing his model of colonization in the radicular dentine. (bvsalud.org)
Reports of human infections with environmental fungi are on the increase throughout the world. (cdc.gov)
And this fungus is pretty serious, in fact, fungi cause serious invasive infections, not just the toenail. (cdc.gov)

It is caused by hundredsof species of bacteria and fungi, in particular filamentous fungi (‎mould)‎,growing indoors when sufficient moisture is available. (who.int)
But it is also expected because it fits the pattern of healthy microbiomes throughout the body, including the gut, mouth and skin, where bacteria and fungi interact as part of a complex community. (mercurynews.com)
Those wipes, along with the bacteria and fungi they picked up, were sent back to Earth to be analyzed by the researchers at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California. (popularmechanics.com)
An almost invisible world in the Hortus: that of the bacteria and fungi. (mediamatic.net)

In 2021, cases reached a count of 3,270 with an active infection and 7,413 that showed the fungus was present but hadn't caused an infection. (medscape.com)
Candida auris (C. auris) , an emerging fungus considered an urgent antimicrobial resistance (AR) threat, spread at an alarming rate in U.S. healthcare facilities in 2020-2021, according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published in the Annals of Internal Medicine. (cdc.gov)
As further explained in the article, C. auris has spread in the United States since it was first reported in 2016, with a total of 3,270 clinical cases (in which infection is present) and 7,413 screening cases (in which the fungus is detected but not causing infection) reported through December 31, 2021. (cdc.gov)

Resistant fungi include Aspergillus , certain Candida species, and certain dermatophytes. (cdc.gov)
Cases of a potentially deadly and increasingly treatment-resistant fungus called Candida auris have skyrocketed 200% since 2019, prompting the CDC to issue a warning to health care facilities about the rising threat. (medscape.com)
CDC: "Increasing Threat of Spread of Antimicrobial-resistant Fungus in Healthcare Facilities," "Candida auris: A Drug-resistant Germ That Spreads in Healthcare Facilities," "Tracking Candida auris . (medscape.com)
One such myth is that the fungus Candida causes cancer or that cancer cells are actually a form of fungus. (healthline.com)
Some people say the presence of the Candida fungus triggers an immune response in the body that leads to cancer. (healthline.com)

Although there are no definitive conclusions that could be drawn about the role fungi plays in the development and spread of these cancers, the peer-reviewed research indicates that there are significant correlations between specific fungi and age, tumour subtypes and survival measures. (mercurynews.com)
The researchers said they found "significant correlations" between specific fungi and age, tumor subtypes, smoking status, response to immunotherapy and survival measures. (upi.com)
It is a symbiosis between plants and specific fungi. (bac-shop.com)
Of note, the study revealed multiple correlations between the presence of specific fungi in tumors and conditions related to treatment. (medscape.com)
Furthermore, specific fungi were more prevalent in breast tumors from older vs younger patients, in lung tumors of smokers vs nonsmokers, and in melanoma tumors that responded to immunotherapy vs those that did not respond. (medscape.com)

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Toenail fungus is ugly, embarrassing and quite common. (footcaresourceusa.com)

Only about half of all types of fungi are harmful. (medlineplus.gov)
There are more than 80 types of fungi on your feet. (webmd.com)

Filamentous fungi, including the industrially important fungus Aspergillus niger , produce enzymes to degrade starch. (universiteitleiden.nl)
Microarrays of secondary metabolite biosynthetic genes of Aspergillus nidulans are used to identify target genes of the fungus being up- or downregulated when interacting with the antagonistic Drosophila larvae. (marinefungi.eu)
Unique relationships observed between fungi and bacteria - for example tumors that contain Aspergillus fungi tended to have specific bacteria in them, whereas tumors that contained Malassezia fungi tended to have other bacteria in them - may have implications for treatment, as they correlated with both tumor immunity and patient survival, according to the authors. (medscape.com)

Fungi are living organisms that support the ecosystem of the entire planet. (inhabitat.com)

A fungus is a primitive organism. (medlineplus.gov)

Frustrated at this situation, an international group of researchers presents a search function in the UNITE database for molecular identification of fungi. (pensoft.net)

If you have ever had athlete's foot or a yeast infection , you can blame a fungus. (medlineplus.gov)

These knitted fungi were created by fiber artist and nature enthusiast Leigh Martin , who is knitting a fantastic series of 52 forms of fungi . (makezine.com)
The forms of fungi, slime molds, and lichens he prefers to document seem to have no limit in their diverse characteristics. (thisiscolossal.com)

The fungus beetle pests commonly found within New York state homes include foreign grain beetles, silken fungus beetles, hairy fungus beetles, and sigmoid fungus beetles. (townandcountrysolutions.com)

The ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor , shown in green, envelops the roots of a transgenic switchgrass plant. (ornl.gov)
Scientists observed the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor as it enveloped the plant's roots. (ornl.gov)
In the study, the anthraquinone compounds were isolated as aglycones from the ectomycorrhizal fungus Dermocybe sanguinea. (helsinki.fi)

An international research initiative identified 35 types of cancer that carry traces of fungi lurking in various mutations of tumours - namely, those that originate in breasts, the colon, the pancreas and lungs. (mercurynews.com)

But much recent attention has centered on the entire human microbiome, particularly in the gut, where more, and more diverse, communities of bacteria, viruses and fungi are found than anywhere else in or on the human body, the release said. (upi.com)

In the summer of 2014 and winter of 2015, we collected that the same species of fungus occurs on all 3 continents. (cdc.gov)
To record this activity, Adamatzky attached electrodes to four species of fungus - ghost, Enoki, split gill and caterpillar - and monitored it every second over 24 hours. (theecologist.org)

Whether you're just beginning to explore the mycelial network or diving deeper, Fantastic Fungi is your ally. (fantasticfungi.com)
Stay up to date on the latest mushroom discoveries, new projects and all things Fantastic Fungi with director Louie Schwartzberg. (fantasticfungi.com)
Don't miss these upcoming talks, screenings and events related to Fantastic Fungi and Louie's work. (fantasticfungi.com)

Dermatophytes or ringworm fungi are able to invade the keratinized tissue of the skin, nails or hair and include Epidermophyton, Microsporum or Trichophyton. (medassignments.com)

It is surprising because we don't know how fungi could get into tumors throughout the body. (mercurynews.com)
Sept. 29 (UPI) -- Fungi are commonly present in human tumors, and may someday be used as a tool to detect, diagnose and even treat cancer. (upi.com)
The finding that fungi are commonly present in human tumors "should drive us to better explore their potential effects and re-examine almost everything we know about cancer through a 'microbiome lens,'" Dr. Ravid Straussman, the study's co-corresponding author and a principal investigator at Weizmann Institute of Science, said in the release. (upi.com)
Other people believe that on imaging studies, cancerous tumors look like fungus. (healthline.com)
Additionally, multiple fungal-bacterial-immune ecologies were detected across tumors, and intratumoral fungi stratified clinical outcomes, including immunotherapy response, they noted. (medscape.com)
The findings from this pan-cancer analysis, which suggested "prognostic and diagnostic capacities of the tissue and plasma mycobiomes, even in stage I cancers," complement current "understanding of the interaction between cancer cells and the bacteria that exist in tumors alongside fungi, bacteria that have been shown to affect cancer growth, metastasis, and response to therapy," they explained. (medscape.com)
For example, patients with breast cancer whose tumors contained Malassezia globosa - a fungus found naturally on the skin - had a much lower survival rate than those whose tumors did not contain the fungus. (medscape.com)
This study sheds new light on the complex biological environment within tumors, and future research will reveal how fungi affect cancerous growth," said co-author Yitzhak Pilpel, PhD, a principal investigator at Weizmann's Molecular Genetics Department. (medscape.com)

According to the El Litoral website, at least three people with the black fungus have already been reported in the country, so mycology specialists called to be attentive to fungal co-infection in serious Covid-19 cases who are admitted to the hospital. (plenglish.com)
The economic importance of the imperfect fungi in agriculturem industray and medicine and the frequency with which they are encountered make it hightly important that the student of mycology learn to recognize many genera and species of this group. (abebooks.com)
Yet, the study of the Imperfects, which, for all practical purposes, include the asexual stages of many fungi known to produce a perfect stage, is one of the most difficult phases of mycology. (abebooks.com)
The series' scope is to review progress in basic research on zoopathogenic fungi, a timely effort as medical mycology moves into the genomics era. (cdc.gov)

Paul Stamets started Fungi Perfecti® with the goal of building the bridge between people and fungi. (fungi.com)
Mycologist Paul Stamets holds a patent for insect-killing fungi - or mycopesticides. (inhabitat.com)

The term mold is often used synonymously with the term fungi. (medscape.com)

Buenos Aires, Jun 18 (Prensa Latina) A 35-year-old Argentinean with untreated diabetes on Friday died from mucormycosis, the infection known as black fungus and associated with Covid-19, local media reported. (plenglish.com)
Black fungus found to infect COVID patients. (thefederal.com)

Including various fungi popping up here and there. (pentaxforums.com)

The uncertainty of the inexperience person faced with the problem of idenitifying imperfect fungi can be overcome only by furnishing him with as many tools as possible for identification or recognition of genera and species. (abebooks.com)
Respiratory illness in subjects exposed to rust and dark-spored imperfect fungi was described more than 60 years ago, and human sensitization to diverse fungi is now well recognized. (medscape.com)

Supporting a network of regional public health laboratories through the Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory Network (AR Lab Network) to detect resistant fungi and perform antifungal susceptibility testing. (cdc.gov)
Using genetic sequencing and developing new laboratory tests to identify and understand specific mutations associated with antimicrobial resistance (fungi and bacteria). (cdc.gov)

Infection counts were up 95% over the previous year, and the fungus showed up on screenings three times as often. (medscape.com)
If you have a fungal infection on your foot, the fungus can spread to one or more of your nails. (footcaresourceusa.com)
People who have a family history of weak resistance to infection are easy prey for nail fungi . (healthcareformen.info)
Screening is important to prevent spread by identifying patients carrying the fungus so that infection prevention controls can be used. (cdc.gov)
Case counts may also have increased because of enhanced efforts to detect cases, including increased colonization screening, a test to see if someone has the fungus somewhere on their body but does not have an infection or symptoms of infection. (cdc.gov)

Fungus beetle pests are also commonly referred to as "minute brown scavenger beetles," but this term generally applies specifically to species in the Latridiidae family, which includes most fungus beetle pests. (townandcountrysolutions.com)
Fungus beetles are abundant in residential yards throughout the US, and they are dependent on high moisture conditions in order to survive. (townandcountrysolutions.com)
Fungus beetles frequently infest new homes where they feed on mold that forms of drying plaster. (townandcountrysolutions.com)
Fungus beetles are yellow to reddish-brown or black, and they are extremely small at less than 4 mm in length. (townandcountrysolutions.com)
Adult fungus beetles are capable flyers, and infestations often start when adults gravitate toward indoor lights and porch lights during the summer months. (townandcountrysolutions.com)
In addition to infesting homes with their offspring, adult fungus beetles can be a tremendous indoor nuisance, and they are often found emerging in large numbers from light fixtures, attics, storage areas, and cupboards beneath sinks. (townandcountrysolutions.com)

Fungi live in air, in soil, on plants and in water. (medlineplus.gov)
The fungus allows the switchgrass to absorb minerals from the soil. (ornl.gov)
Fungi could report changes in soil quality, water purity, pollution, or any other features of the environment that they are sensitive to. (theecologist.org)
ATTACH] Hi, My family recently bought new soil from supersoil in surrey and we noticed that all over where the soil had been watered fungus was. (ubcbotanicalgarden.org)
The wormlike larval stage of this fly lives in the soil in the potted plants where it feeds on…guess what, fungus! (colonialpest.com)
Letting the soil dry out will kill both the fungus in the soil and the fungus gnat larvae and eggs. (colonialpest.com)
If drying the soil doesn't work, there are pesticides that can be applied as a soil drench that will soak in and kill fungus gnat larvae . (colonialpest.com)
For example, Valley fever - caused by a fungus that lives in the soil in hot and dry areas - has already spread into the Pacific Northwest. (cdc.gov)
The fungi can reach soil pores that are too small for the plant roots and can make bound elements available to the plant. (bac-shop.com)
The source of the fungus may be zoophilic (animal to man), anthrophilic (human to human) or geophilic (soil to man). (medassignments.com)

The study authors concluded that screening capacity for the fungus needs to be expanded nationwide so that when C. auris is detected, measures can be taken to prevent its spread. (medscape.com)

Departing from the morphogenesis theme, chapters on phylogenetic analysis help clarify the taxonomy of noncultivatable medical fungi (excluding Pneumocystis ). (cdc.gov)
Pathogenic Fungi-Structural Biology and Taxonomy is an important interpretation of recent literature, a valuable addition to collections, and recommended reading for investigators seeking a broad appreciation for the current state of the art. (cdc.gov)
LOS ALAMOS, N.M., Sept. 28, 2017-In a step toward bridging the gap between fungal taxonomy and molecular ecology, scientists from several institutions including Los Alamos National Laboratory have characterized a sample of "mystery" fungus collected in North Carolina and found its home in the fungal tree of life. (lanl.gov)
A further aim is to promote fungal taxonomy by employing a polythetic approach to clarify the true phylogeny and relationships within the kingdom Fungi. (ingentaconnect.com)

Because fungus particles are commonly derived from wholly microscopic sources, exposure hazards are assessed by directly sampling a suspect atmosphere in most circumstances. (medscape.com)

Other fungi produce compact resting bodies, such as the sclerotia formed by certain root- and stem-rotting fungi ( Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ) or the ergot fungus ( Claviceps purpurea ). (britannica.com)
WHEN Egypt, the world's biggest importer of wheat, signalled last year that it would begin enforcing a ban on shipments of the grain with even trace amounts of ergot, a common fungus, it roiled the markets. (economist.com)

Fungus gnats, one of the biggest Diptera groups in New Zealand, have been overlooked and under-researched for a long time, even so our unique glow worm is one of the wider group. (tepapa.govt.nz)
The loss of these gnat species could lead to the loss of rare host plants while introduced fungus gnats could harm our ecosystem. (tepapa.govt.nz)
Introduced fungus gnats could be hidden in globally-distributed genera with an abundance of undescribed endemic species unnoticed. (tepapa.govt.nz)
I think you are probably talking about fungus gnats which are indeed associated with potted plants . (colonialpest.com)
I hate to say it, but fungus gnats develop when plants remain too wet and are never allowed to dry out between waterings. (colonialpest.com)
There are a couple of other things you can do to help manage fungus gnats. (colonialpest.com)

Since its inception in 1980, Fungi Perfecti has become synonymous with cutting-edge mycological research and solutions. (fungi.com)
Learn more about what we've been up to at Fungi Perfecti! (fungi.com)
Sign up for Fungi Perfecti Company and Product updates. (fungi.com)

Athlete's foot is the most common type of foot fungus. (webmd.com)

Fungal diseases often stem from common fungi found in the environment. (medicalnewstoday.com)
In observing the spikes of electrical activity in particular species of fungi, computer scientist Andrew Adamatzky at the University of the West of England found patterns that were strikingly similar to human language. (theecologist.org)
The research also found that electrical currents were involved in the interaction between mycelium and plant roots during the formation of mycorrhizal fungus. (theecologist.org)
Alcoholism is associated with bacterial overgrowth in the intestines, as well as a shift in the types of bacteria found there, but little was known about the role of intestinal fungi in alcoholic liver disease. (newswise.com)
In this study, Schnabl and colleagues found that fungi flourished in the intestines of mice with chronic alcohol exposure. (newswise.com)
They found that the healthy people had a richer diversity of fungi living in their intestines, as compared to alcohol-dependent patients. (newswise.com)
In addition, Schnabl's team found a correlation between fungi and disease severity in a separate group of 27 patients with alcohol-related liver disease: The higher the exposure to fungi, as measured by a person's level of antibodies that recognize them, the higher the risk of death. (newswise.com)
This is after a UN study found that the fungus posed no risk to Egyptian crops. (economist.com)
The researchers also found a number of worrying fungi varietals on the ISS, but again, it's not clear whether they're dangerous. (popularmechanics.com)
Scientists have characterized a sample of "mystery" fungus collected in North Carolina and found its home in the fungal tree of life. (lanl.gov)
Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory and several other institutions have characterized a sample of "mystery" fungus and found its home in the fungal tree of life. (lanl.gov)
A case of sensitization to butylated hydroxytoluene which is found in some of the tolnaftate topical (the active ingredient contained in Fungi-Guard) preparations has been reported. (drugs.com)
Photographer Steve Axford ( previously ) continues his quest to document some of the world's most obscure fungi found in locations around Australia. (thisiscolossal.com)
Researchers from the University of Maryland (UMD) have found that a certain kind of naturally occurring fungus is capable of killing over 99 percent of mosquitoes in a simulated village setting. (immunesystem.news)
They tested their modified fungus in Maryland and Burkina Faso and they found that it was not harmful to other species, such as honeybees. (immunesystem.news)
Once they gain indoor access, adult females congregate in poorly ventilated and humid areas where they lay their eggs on mold growing from structural woods, plaster, spilled foods, stored foods, or other areas where mold or fungus can be found or will take form. (townandcountrysolutions.com)
Have you ever found fungus beetle pests in your home? (townandcountrysolutions.com)
The fact that fungi can be found not only in cancer cells but also in immune cells implies that, in the future, we'll probably find that fungi have some effect not only on the cancer cells but also on immune cells and their activity. (medscape.com)

Vegetative hyphae of most fungi grow best at 18-32°C, and, although most become dormant at subfreezing temperatures, a few may sporulate below 0°C. At the other extreme, although 71°C is generally lethal for molds, certain types thrive at slightly cooler temperatures. (medscape.com)

Our continued mission is to explore, study, preserve, and spread knowledge about the use of fungi for helping people and planet. (fungi.com)
To stop the spread of foot fungus, dry your feet after they get wet. (webmd.com)
That's the only way to make sure you don't catch -- or spread -- a pesky foot fungus in the nail salon. (webmd.com)
Here's an idea for a science-fiction thriller: A virulent, mutating fungus capable of killing most of the world's wheat crop begins to spread, threatening famine and economic havoc. (sunjournal.com)
The fungus, known as Ug99, appeared first in Uganda in 1999 and has so far spread to a handful of countries, including Yemen, Kenya, Iran and Ethiopia. (sunjournal.com)
A concern is that the fungus, which is spread by the wind, will begin to move at a far faster pace into more countries. (sunjournal.com)
To understand climate change's impact, it's important to look at some of the common ways these diseases spread-through mosquito and tick bites, contact with animals, fungi, and water. (cdc.gov)
Rising temperatures have allowed certain disease-causing fungi to spread into new areas that previously were too cold for them to survive. (cdc.gov)

The fungus is called wheat stem rust, and the most virulent strain of it to appear in a century is devastating the wheat crops in a few countries. (sunjournal.com)
The rust fungus examined in the present study has ovoid to globose, unicellular urediniospores and two-celled teliospores which revealed that fungus taxonomically falls under genus Puccinia . (facesoffungi.org)
The fungus, known as coffee rust disease, is having a huge impact on arabica crops in most Central American countries and production is down as much as 20% this year. (breweddaily.com)

Fungi can develop resistance to antifungal drugs the same way bacteria can develop resistance to antibiotics. (cdc.gov)
Without fungi we would have no antibiotics, no bread and no alcoholic beverages. (birdguides.com)
And it makes some sense because we use broad spectrum antibiotics and tend to eliminate all the good and bad bacteria, if they exist, and what's left, fungus. (cdc.gov)

Scientists work feverishly to find genes for new varieties of wheat that can resist the fungus and avert disaster. (sunjournal.com)
Researchers at K-state were already at work seeking the fungus-resisting genes. (sunjournal.com)
But researchers at K-State and elsewhere are finding other genes that should give wheat resistance to the fungus. (sunjournal.com)

Filamentous fungi play an essential role in the recycling of organic plant waste. (universiteitleiden.nl)
Many filamentous fungi possess the means to produce a variety of secondary metabolites some of which already have medical applications. (marinefungi.eu)
A random mutagenesis tool for filamentous fungi based on a transposable elements has been developed, which will be highly useful to generate knock-out mutants on a large scale. (marinefungi.eu)

Some species of fungi are naturally resistant to certain types of antifungal drugs. (cdc.gov)
This behavior, not known to occur naturally between these fungi and switchgrass, helps the plant to efficiently take up nutrients and water. (ornl.gov)
In this case, the research team engineered a naturally occurring fungus to deliver a toxin to mosquitoes. (immunesystem.news)

killer fungi that invades the body of an insect to grow and diminish the insect population. (science.org.au)

The United Nations has encouraged the effort to combat Ug99, saying the fungus endangers the world's food security. (sunjournal.com)

This fungus, Metarhizium pingshaense, has been used as a natural form of pest control for centuries in West Africa, specifically in the country of Burkina Faso where the UMD researchers conducted their field experiments . (immunesystem.news)
While chemical insecticides are not typically necessary for fungus beetle control programs, detecting the source of indoor moisture that attracts the pests can be difficult, and professional pest control intervention is often required to adequately eliminate infestations. (townandcountrysolutions.com)

The term "fungus beetle" is a common name given to a group of closely related beetle pest species that are known to invade homes in large numbers in order to feed on mold, mildew, and occasionally, stored food products. (townandcountrysolutions.com)

The fungus is a problem worldwide and is listed among the most threatening treatment-resistant fungi by the World Health Organization . (medscape.com)
World Health Organization: "WHO releases first-ever list of health-threatening fungi. (medscape.com)

This study suggests a greater role of fungi in modulating the human microbiome than previously appreciated. (newswise.com)

It isn't a threat to healthy people, but people in hospitals and nursing homes are at a heightened risk because they might have weakened immune systems or be using invasive medical devices that can introduce the fungus inside their bodies. (medscape.com)
This manuscript reviews fifty ways in which fungi can potentially be utilized as biotechnology and provides a flow chart that can be used to convince funding bodies of the importance of fungi for biotechnological research and as potential products. (semanticscholar.org)
Apparently, the hydrolysis occurred during the drying of the fungi and during the soaking of the dried fruit bodies overnight when preparing the dyebath. (helsinki.fi)

In their paper, published recently in the journal Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment ( https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/fee.2495 ), the authors have addressed the problem of a lack of attention towards aquatic fungi as potential conservation targets. (esa.org)

Scientists at Binghamton University have developed self-healing concrete that repairs cracks with fungi. (inhabitat.com)
TORONTO - Scientists have uncovered an association between tumours and fungi, which may lead to a deeper understanding towards the biology of certain cancers. (mercurynews.com)
That's according to an international team of scientists, which on Thursday unveiled what they said is the first-ever "pan-cancer mycobiome atlas" that describes the links between fungi and 35 types of cancer. (upi.com)

The term "germs" refers to the microscopic bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa that can cause disease. (kidshealth.org)

Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of lophiostomatoid fungi motiva. (ingentaconnect.com)
Phylogenetic relationship between Geomyces destructans and other fungus species. (cdc.gov)

Nail fungi infect men more easily than women. (healthcareformen.info)

Have you ever wondered why nail fungi are prevalent among old people? (healthcareformen.info)

To isolate keratinophilic fungi in sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants in Sari city, Mazandaran province, Islamic Republic of Iran, samples were taken from 7 plants with different sewage treatment technologies. (who.int)

As the difference between environmental temperatures and human body temperatures narrows, new fungal diseases may emerge as fungi become more adapted to surviving in humans. (cdc.gov)

Neither plants nor animals, fungi belong to a group of their own. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Without fungi in nature, most plants and trees would wither away or even die. (mediamatic.net)
Even those that cause disease can be important in controlling populations of plants or animals, and many insects that need dead wood depend on fungi to provide it. (birdguides.com)
Fungi are neither animals nor plants. (birdguides.com)
They form a significant part of the web of life and of species biodiversity: there are more kinds of fungi than all green plants put together. (birdguides.com)
Rather more closely related to animals than plants, the Fungi occupy their own completely distinctive kingdom in the natural world. (uchicago.edu)
Where it has taken hold, the fungus is overwhelming most of the genetic defenses bred into the plants over the decades. (sunjournal.com)
In nature, Mycorrhiza fungi are required for the survival of all plants. (bac-shop.com)

Anatomy9

Organisms104

Diseases15

Chemicals and Drugs40

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment11

Phenomena and Processes32

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture10

Information Science4

Health Care10

Microbial and chemical transformations of some 12,13-epoxytrichothec-9,10-enes. (1/4893)

Amphotericin B- and fluconazole-resistant Candida spp., Aspergillus fumigatus, and other newly emerging pathogenic fungi are susceptible to basic antifungal peptides. (2/4893)

In-vitro activity of voriconazole, itraconazole and amphotericin B against filamentous fungi. (3/4893)

Novel genes induced during an arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis formed between Medicago truncatula and Glomus versiforme. (4/4893)

Comparison of interferon-gamma, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor for priming leukocyte-mediated hyphal damage of opportunistic fungal pathogens. (5/4893)

Contaminations occurring in fungal PCR assays. (6/4893)

Chemically defined medium for susceptibility testing of antimicrobial agents. (7/4893)

Brasilicardin A, a new terpenoid antibiotic from pathogenic Nocardia brasiliensis: fermentation, isolation and biological activity. (8/4893)

Fungi

Mitosporic Fungi

Ascomycota

Basidiomycota

Spores, Fungal

DNA, Fungal

Fungal Proteins

Penicillium

Mycelium

Hypocreales

Fusarium

Plant Diseases

Mycoses

Aspergillus

Beauveria

Magnaporthe

Glomeromycota

Hyphae

Xylariales

Endophytes

Phylogeny

Trichoderma

Molecular Sequence Data

Metarhizium

Antifungal Agents

Symbiosis

Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal

Agaricales

Chytridiomycota

Genes, Fungal

Cladosporium

Genome, Fungal

Alternaria

DNA, Ribosomal Spacer

Aspergillus nidulans

Fruiting Bodies, Fungal

Air Microbiology

Ustilago

Polyporaceae

Mucor

Mycotoxins

Mucorales

Aspergillus fumigatus

Colletotrichum

Soil Microbiology

Dermatomycoses

Candida albicans

Aspergillus niger

Paecilomyces

Plant Roots

Pest Control, Biological

Laccase

Amino Acid Sequence

Sequence Analysis, DNA

Rhizopus

Mortierella

Paracoccidioides

Sordariales

Lignin

Cryptococcus neoformans

Histoplasma

Wood

Plants

Rhizoctonia

Phanerochaete

Mycology

Botrytis

Polyporales

Chaetomium

Aspergillus flavus

Laccaria

Acremonium

Bacteria

Sporothrix

Neurospora crassa

Species Specificity

Culture Media

Exophiala

Neocallimastigales

Plant Leaves