Founder effect. Medical search

A phenomenon that is observed when a small subgroup of a larger POPULATION establishes itself as a separate and isolated entity. The subgroup's GENE POOL carries only a fraction of the genetic diversity of the parental population resulting in an increased frequency of certain diseases in the subgroup, especially those diseases known to be autosomal recessive.

The genetic constitution of individuals with respect to one member of a pair of allelic genes, or sets of genes that are closely linked and tend to be inherited together such as those of the MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX.

The record of descent or ancestry, particularly of a particular condition or trait, indicating individual family members, their relationships, and their status with respect to the trait or condition.

An ethnic group with historical ties to the land of ISRAEL and the religion of JUDAISM.

A variety of simple repeat sequences that are distributed throughout the GENOME. They are characterized by a short repeat unit of 2-8 basepairs that is repeated up to 100 times. They are also known as short tandem repeats (STRs).

The geographical area of Africa comprising ALGERIA; EGYPT; LIBYA; MOROCCO; and TUNISIA. It includes also the vast deserts and oases of the Sahara. It is often referred to as North Africa, French-speaking Africa, or the Maghreb. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p856)

Ethnic group originating in India and entering Europe in the 14th or 15th century.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Individual members of Central American ethnic groups with ancient historic ancestral origins in Asia. Mexican Indians are not included.

Genotypic differences observed among individuals in a population.

The discipline studying genetic composition of populations and effects of factors such as GENETIC SELECTION, population size, MUTATION, migration, and GENETIC DRIFT on the frequencies of various GENOTYPES and PHENOTYPES using a variety of GENETIC TECHNIQUES.

The doctrines and policies of the Nazis or the National Social German Workers party, which ruled Germany under Adolf Hitler from 1933-1945. These doctrines and policies included racist nationalism, expansionism, and state control of the economy. (from Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. and American Heritage College Dictionary, 3d ed.)

Biochemical identification of mutational changes in a nucleotide sequence.

The magnitude of INBREEDING in humans.

The proportion of one particular in the total of all ALLELES for one genetic locus in a breeding POPULATION.

The science dealing with the earth and its life, especially the description of land, sea, and air and the distribution of plant and animal life, including humanity and human industries with reference to the mutual relations of these elements. (From Webster, 3d ed)

Genes that influence the PHENOTYPE only in the homozygous state.

Province of Canada consisting of the island of Newfoundland and an area of Labrador. Its capital is St. John's.

Group of mostly hereditary disorders characterized by thickening of the palms and soles as a result of excessive keratin formation leading to hypertrophy of the stratum corneum (hyperkeratosis).

Nonrandom association of linked genes. This is the tendency of the alleles of two separate but already linked loci to be found together more frequently than would be expected by chance alone.

The widespread involvement of the skin by a scaly, erythematous dermatitis occurring either as a secondary or reactive process to an underlying cutaneous disorder (e.g., atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, etc.), or as a primary or idiopathic disease. It is often associated with the loss of hair and nails, hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles, and pruritus. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

Individual members of South American ethnic groups with historic ancestral origins in Asia.

The biological objects that contain genetic information and that are involved in transmitting genetically encoded traits from one organism to another.

Variant forms of the same gene, occupying the same locus on homologous CHROMOSOMES, and governing the variants in production of the same gene product.

Australia, New Zealand and neighboring islands in the South Pacific Ocean. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed.)

The fluctuation of the ALLELE FREQUENCY from one generation to the next.

Human experimentation that is not intended to benefit the subjects on whom it is performed. Phase I drug studies (CLINICAL TRIALS, PHASE I AS TOPIC) and research involving healthy volunteers are examples of nontherapeutic human experimentation.

An individual in which both alleles at a given locus are identical.

The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.

Double-stranded DNA of MITOCHONDRIA. In eukaryotes, the mitochondrial GENOME is circular and codes for ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, and about 10 proteins.

The change in gene frequency in a population due to migration of gametes or individuals (ANIMAL MIGRATION) across population barriers. In contrast, in GENETIC DRIFT the cause of gene frequency changes are not a result of population or gamete movement.

An individual having different alleles at one or more loci regarding a specific character.

Members of a Semitic people inhabiting the Arabian peninsula or other countries of the Middle East and North Africa. The term may be used with reference to ancient, medieval, or modern ethnic or cultural groups. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

Any method used for determining the location of and relative distances between genes on a chromosome.

The human male sex chromosome, being the differential sex chromosome carried by half the male gametes and none of the female gametes in humans.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

A phenotypically recognizable genetic trait which can be used to identify a genetic locus, a linkage group, or a recombination event.

The co-inheritance of two or more non-allelic GENES due to their being located more or less closely on the same CHROMOSOME.

Detection of a MUTATION; GENOTYPE; KARYOTYPE; or specific ALLELES associated with genetic traits, heritable diseases, or predisposition to a disease, or that may lead to the disease in descendants. It includes prenatal genetic testing.

A country in northern Africa between ALGERIA and LIBYA. Its capital is Tunis.

The presence of apparently similar characters for which the genetic evidence indicates that different genes or different genetic mechanisms are involved in different pedigrees. In clinical settings genetic heterogeneity refers to the presence of a variety of genetic defects which cause the same disease, often due to mutations at different loci on the same gene, a finding common to many human diseases including ALZHEIMER DISEASE; CYSTIC FIBROSIS; LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE DEFICIENCY, FAMILIAL; and POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASES. (Rieger, et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed; Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

The percent frequency with which a dominant or homozygous recessive gene or gene combination manifests itself in the phenotype of the carriers. (From Glossary of Genetics, 5th ed)

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The regular and simultaneous occurrence in a single interbreeding population of two or more discontinuous genotypes. The concept includes differences in genotypes ranging in size from a single nucleotide site (POLYMORPHISM, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE) to large nucleotide sequences visible at a chromosomal level.

A country in western Europe bordered by the Atlantic Ocean, the English Channel, the Mediterranean Sea, and the countries of Belgium, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, the principalities of Andorra and Monaco, and by the duchy of Luxembourg. Its capital is Paris.

The parts of a transcript of a split GENE remaining after the INTRONS are removed. They are spliced together to become a MESSENGER RNA or other functional RNA.

A specific pair of human chromosomes in group A (CHROMOSOMES, HUMAN, 1-3) of the human chromosome classification.

The MEDITERRANEAN SEA, the MEDITERRANEAN ISLANDS, and the countries bordering on the sea collectively.

Non-native organisms brought into a region, habitat, or ECOSYSTEM by human activity.

A tumor suppressor gene (GENES, TUMOR SUPPRESSOR) located on human CHROMOSOME 17 at locus 17q21. Mutations of this gene are associated with the formation of HEREDITARY BREAST AND OVARIAN CANCER SYNDROME. It encodes a large nuclear protein that is a component of DNA repair pathways.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of genetic processes or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

A mutation in which a codon is mutated to one directing the incorporation of a different amino acid. This substitution may result in an inactive or unstable product. (From A Dictionary of Genetics, King & Stansfield, 5th ed)

The splitting of an ancestral species into daughter species that coexist in time (King, Dictionary of Genetics, 6th ed). Causal factors may include geographic isolation, HABITAT geometry, migration, REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION, random GENETIC DRIFT and MUTATION.

A mutation caused by the substitution of one nucleotide for another. This results in the DNA molecule having a change in a single base pair.

Any detectable and heritable alteration in the lineage of germ cells. Mutations in these cells (i.e., "generative" cells ancestral to the gametes) are transmitted to progeny while those in somatic cells are not.

A large, nuclear protein, encoded by the BRCA2 gene (GENE, BRCA2). Mutations in this gene predispose humans to breast and ovarian cancer. The BRCA2 protein is an essential component of DNA repair pathways, suppressing the formation of gross chromosomal rearrangements. (from Genes Dev. 2000;14(11):1400-6)

Variation in a population's DNA sequence that is detected by determining alterations in the conformation of denatured DNA fragments. Denatured DNA fragments are allowed to renature under conditions that prevent the formation of double-stranded DNA and allow secondary structure to form in single stranded fragments. These fragments are then run through polyacrylamide gels to detect variations in the secondary structure that is manifested as an alteration in migration through the gels.

The health status of the family as a unit including the impact of the health of one member of the family on the family as a unit and on individual family members; also, the impact of family organization or disorganization on the health status of its members.

A heterogenous group of degenerative syndromes marked by progressive cerebellar dysfunction either in isolation or combined with other neurologic manifestations. Sporadic and inherited subtypes occur. Inheritance patterns include autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and X-linked.

The process of cumulative change over successive generations through which organisms acquire their distinguishing morphological and physiological characteristics.

The age, developmental stage, or period of life at which a disease or the initial symptoms or manifestations of a disease appear in an individual.

A type of mutation in which a number of NUCLEOTIDES deleted from or inserted into a protein coding sequence is not divisible by three, thereby causing an alteration in the READING FRAMES of the entire coding sequence downstream of the mutation. These mutations may be induced by certain types of MUTAGENS or may occur spontaneously.

The process of cumulative change at the level of DNA; RNA; and PROTEINS, over successive generations.

The process of leaving one's country to establish residence in a foreign country.

Parliamentary democracy located between France on the northeast and Portugual on the west and bordered by the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.

The pattern of any process, or the interrelationship of phenomena, which affects growth or change within a population.

Number of individuals in a population relative to space.

A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.

A single nucleotide variation in a genetic sequence that occurs at appreciable frequency in the population.

Variation occurring within a species in the presence or length of DNA fragment generated by a specific endonuclease at a specific site in the genome. Such variations are generated by mutations that create or abolish recognition sites for these enzymes or change the length of the fragment.

An amino acid-specifying codon that has been converted to a stop codon (CODON, TERMINATOR) by mutation. Its occurance is abnormal causing premature termination of protein translation and results in production of truncated and non-functional proteins. A nonsense mutation is one that converts an amino acid-specific codon to a stop codon.

A province of eastern Canada. Its capital is Quebec. The region belonged to France from 1627 to 1763 when it was lost to the British. The name is from the Algonquian quilibek meaning the place where waters narrow, referring to the gradually narrowing channel of the St. Lawrence or to the narrows of the river at Cape Diamond. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p993 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p440)

A latent susceptibility to disease at the genetic level, which may be activated under certain conditions.

Differential and non-random reproduction of different genotypes, operating to alter the gene frequencies within a population.

Deletion of sequences of nucleic acids from the genetic material of an individual.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

Genes that influence the PHENOTYPE both in the homozygous and the heterozygous state.

A social group consisting of parents or parent substitutes and children.

A characteristic symptom complex.

A specific pair of GROUP C CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

A common MSH2 mutation in English and North American HNPCC families: origin, phenotypic expression, and sex specific differences in colorectal cancer. (1/781)

The frequency, origin, and phenotypic expression of a germline MSH2 gene mutation previously identified in seven kindreds with hereditary non-polyposis cancer syndrome (HNPCC) was investigated. The mutation (A-->T at nt943+3) disrupts the 3' splice site of exon 5 leading to the deletion of this exon from MSH2 mRNA and represents the only frequent MSH2 mutation so far reported. Although this mutation was initially detected in four of 33 colorectal cancer families analysed from eastern England, more extensive analysis has reduced the frequency to four of 52 (8%) English HNPCC kindreds analysed. In contrast, the MSH2 mutation was identified in 10 of 20 (50%) separately identified colorectal families from Newfoundland. To investigate the origin of this mutation in colorectal cancer families from England (n=4), Newfoundland (n=10), and the United States (n=3), haplotype analysis using microsatellite markers linked to MSH2 was performed. Within the English and US families there was little evidence for a recent common origin of the MSH2 splice site mutation in most families. In contrast, a common haplotype was identified at the two flanking markers (CA5 and D2S288) in eight of the Newfoundland families. These findings suggested a founder effect within Newfoundland similar to that reported by others for two MLH1 mutations in Finnish HNPCC families. We calculated age related risks of all, colorectal, endometrial, and ovarian cancers in nt943+3 A-->T MSH2 mutation carriers (n=76) for all patients and for men and women separately. For both sexes combined, the penetrances at age 60 years for all cancers and for colorectal cancer were 0.86 and 0.57, respectively. The risk of colorectal cancer was significantly higher (p<0.01) in males than females (0.63 v 0.30 and 0.84 v 0.44 at ages 50 and 60 years, respectively). For females there was a high risk of endometrial cancer (0.5 at age 60 years) and premenopausal ovarian cancer (0.2 at 50 years). These intersex differences in colorectal cancer risks have implications for screening programmes and for attempts to identify colorectal cancer susceptibility modifiers. (+info)

Analysis of spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 gene and haplotype analysis: (CCG)1-2 polymorphism and contribution to founder effect. (2/781)

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 is a familial spinocerebellar ataxia with autosomal dominant inheritance. The gene responsible was recently cloned and this disorder was found to be the result of a CAG expansion in its open reading frame. We analysed 13 SCA2 patients in seven unrelated families in Gunma Prefecture, Japan. In four of the seven families, we detected CCG or CCGCCG interruptions in only the expanded alleles. Cosegregation of these polymorphisms with SCA2 patients was established within each family. Together with the results of haplotype analyses, we considered that at least two founders were present in our area and that these (CCG)1-2 polymorphisms may make analysis of founder effects easier. By sequencing analysis we found that although the number of the long CAG repeat varied in each subclone of expanded alleles, these polymorphisms did not change their configuration. This finding suggests that CCG or CCGCCG sequences are stable when surrounded by the long CAG repeat and a single CAG. Moreover, the presence of these polymorphisms may lead to miscounting the repeat size by conventional estimation using a size marker such as an M13 sequencing ladder. Therefore we should consider these polymorphisms and accurately determine the repeat size by sequencing. (+info)

Location score and haplotype analyses of the locus for autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay, in chromosome region 13q11. (3/781)

Autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) is a clinically homogeneous form of early-onset familial spastic ataxia with prominent myelinated retinal nerve fibers. More than 300 patients have been identified, and most of their families originated in the Charlevoix-Saguenay region of northeastern Quebec, where the carrier prevalence has been estimated to be 1/22. Consistent with the hypothesis of a founder effect, we observed excess shared homozygosity at 13q11, among patients in a genomewide scan of 12 families. Analysis of 19 pedigrees demonstrated very tight linkage between the ARSACS locus and an intragenic polymorphism of the gamma-sarcoglycan (SGCG) gene, but genomic DNA sequence analysis of all eight exons of SGCG revealed no disease-causing mutation. On the basis of haplotypes composed of seven marker loci that spanned 11.1 cM, the most likely position of the ARSACS locus was 0.42 cM distal to the SGCG polymorphism. Two groups of ARSACS-associated haplotypes were identified: a large group that carries a common SGCG allele and a small group that carries a rare SGCG allele. The haplotype groups do not appear to be closely related. Therefore, although chromosomes within each haplotype group may harbor a single ARSACS mutation identical by descent, the two mutations could have independent origins. (+info)

Ancestral Asian source(s) of new world Y-chromosome founder haplotypes. (4/781)

Haplotypes constructed from Y-chromosome markers were used to trace the origins of Native Americans. Our sample consisted of 2,198 males from 60 global populations, including 19 Native American and 15 indigenous North Asian groups. A set of 12 biallelic polymorphisms gave rise to 14 unique Y-chromosome haplotypes that were unevenly distributed among the populations. Combining multiallelic variation at two Y-linked microsatellites (DYS19 and DXYS156Y) with the unique haplotypes results in a total of 95 combination haplotypes. Contra previous findings based on Y- chromosome data, our new results suggest the possibility of more than one Native American paternal founder haplotype. We postulate that, of the nine unique haplotypes found in Native Americans, haplotypes 1C and 1F are the best candidates for major New World founder haplotypes, whereas haplotypes 1B, 1I, and 1U may either be founder haplotypes and/or have arrived in the New World via recent admixture. Two of the other four haplotypes (YAP+ haplotypes 4 and 5) are probably present because of post-Columbian admixture, whereas haplotype 1G may have originated in the New World, and the Old World source of the final New World haplotype (1D) remains unresolved. The contrasting distribution patterns of the two major candidate founder haplotypes in Asia and the New World, as well as the results of a nested cladistic analysis, suggest the possibility of more than one paternal migration from the general region of Lake Baikal to the Americas. (+info)

The prevalence of common BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations among Ashkenazi Jews. (5/781)

Three founder mutations in the cancer-associated genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 occur frequently enough among Ashkenazi Jews to warrant consideration of genetic testing outside the setting of high-risk families with multiple cases of breast or ovarian cancer. We estimated the prevalence of these founder mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 in the general population of Ashkenazi Jews according to age at testing, personal cancer history, and family cancer history. We compared the results of anonymous genetic testing of blood samples obtained in a survey of >5,000 Jewish participants from the Washington, DC, area with personal and family cancer histories obtained from questionnaires completed by the participants. In all subgroups defined by age and cancer history, fewer mutations were found in this community sample than in clinical series studied to date. For example, 11 (10%) of 109 Jewish women who had been given a diagnosis of breast cancer in their forties carried one of the mutations. The most important predictor of mutation status was a previous diagnosis of breast or ovarian cancer. In men and in women never given a diagnosis of cancer, family history of breast cancer before age 50 years was the strongest predictor. As interest in genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 in the Jewish community broadens, community-based estimates such as these help guide those seeking and those offering such testing. Even with accurate estimates of the likelihood of carrying a mutation and the likelihood of developing cancer if a mutation is detected, the most vexing clinical problems remain. (+info)

The 2588G-->C mutation in the ABCR gene is a mild frequent founder mutation in the Western European population and allows the classification of ABCR mutations in patients with Stargardt disease. (6/781)

In 40 western European patients with Stargardt disease (STGD), we found 19 novel mutations in the retina-specific ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABCR) gene, illustrating STGD's high allelic heterogeneity. One mutation, 2588G-->C, identified in 15 (37.5%) patients, shows linkage disequilibrium with a rare polymorphism (2828G-->A) in exon 19, suggesting a founder effect. The guanine at position 2588 is part of the 3' splice site of exon 17. Analysis of the lymphoblastoid cell mRNA of two STGD patients with the 2588G-->C mutation shows that the resulting mutant ABCR proteins either lack Gly863 or contain the missense mutation Gly863Ala. We hypothesize that the 2588G-->C alteration is a mild mutation that causes STGD only in combination with a severe ABCR mutation. This is supported in that the accompanying ABCR mutations in at least five of eight STGD patients are null (severe) and that a combination of two mild mutations has not been observed among 68 STGD patients. The 2588G-->C mutation is present in 1 of every 35 western Europeans, a rate higher than that of the most frequent severe autosomal recessive mutation, the cystic fibrosis conductance regulator gene mutation DeltaPhe508. Given an STGD incidence of 1/10,000, homozygosity for the 2588G-->C mutation or compound heterozygosity for this and other mild ABCR mutations probably does not result in an STGD phenotype. (+info)

Ancestral origins and worldwide distribution of the PRNP 200K mutation causing familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. (7/781)

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) belongs to a group of prion diseases that may be infectious, sporadic, or hereditary. The 200K point mutation in the PRNP gene is the most frequent cause of hereditary CJD, accounting for >70% of families with CJD worldwide. Prevalence of the 200K variant of familial CJD is especially high in Slovakia, Chile, and Italy, and among populations of Libyan and Tunisian Jews. To study ancestral origins of the 200K mutation-associated chromosomes, we selected microsatellite markers flanking the PRNP gene on chromosome 20p12-pter and an intragenic single-nucleotide polymorphism at the PRNP codon 129. Haplotypes were constructed for 62 CJD families originating from 11 world populations. The results show that Libyan, Tunisian, Italian, Chilean, and Spanish families share a major haplotype, suggesting that the 200K mutation may have originated from a single mutational event, perhaps in Spain, and spread to all these populations with Sephardic migrants expelled from Spain in the Middle Ages. Slovakian families and a family of Polish origin show another unique haplotype. The haplotypes in families from Germany, Sicily, Austria, and Japan are different from the Mediterranean or eastern European haplotypes. On the basis of this study, we conclude that founder effect and independent mutational events are responsible for the current geographic distribution of hereditary CJD associated with the 200K mutation. (+info)

Precise genetic mapping and haplotype analysis of the familial dysautonomia gene on human chromosome 9q31. (8/781)

Familial dysautonomia (FD) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by developmental arrest in the sensory and autonomic nervous systems and by Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry. We previously had mapped the defective gene (DYS) to an 11-cM segment of chromosome 9q31-33, flanked by D9S53 and D9S105. By using 11 new polymorphic loci, we now have narrowed the location of DYS to <0.5 cM between the markers 43B1GAGT and 157A3. Two markers in this interval, 164D1 and D9S1677, show no recombination with the disease. Haplotype analysis confirmed this candidate region and revealed a major haplotype shared by 435 of 441 FD chromosomes, indicating a striking founder effect. Three other haplotypes, found on the remaining 6 FD chromosomes, might represent independent mutations. The frequency of the major FD haplotype in the Ashkenazim (5 in 324 control chromosomes) was consistent with the estimated DYS carrier frequency of 1 in 32, and none of the four haplotypes associated with FD was observed on 492 non-FD chromosomes from obligatory carriers. It is now possible to provide accurate genetic testing both for families with FD and for carriers, on the basis of close flanking markers and the capacity to identify >98% of FD chromosomes by their haplotype. (+info)

A population bottleneck may also cause a founder effect, though it is not strictly a new population. The founder effect occurs ... ISBN 978-0-674-03750-2. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Founder effect. Founder effect (Articles with short description ... The three smaller founder populations show that one or the other color may predominate (founder effect), due to random sampling ... Founder effects can affect complex traits, such as song diversity. In the Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis), the percentage of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Founder_effect

Related concepts include: Founder effect- the loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a ... Founder effect can also lead to the development of new species. Designer crossbred-Usually describes F1 crosses between two ... "Founder Effect". Genome.gov. Retrieved 6 October 2022. "Foundation Stock Service® Program Home". American Kennel Club. ... p. 101]. "Bottlenecks and founder effects - Understanding Evolution". University of Californat, Berkeley. 7 October 2021. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundation_stock

Founder effect. This hypothesis states that the high incidence of the 1278insTATC chromosomes is the result of an elevated ... Slatkin M (2004). "A Population-Genetic Test of Founder Effects and Implications for Ashkenazi Jewish Diseases". American ... risk of giving birth to an affected child with each pregnancy. The affected child would have received a mutated copy of the ... In contrast to the other forms, late-onset Tay-Sachs disease is usually not fatal as the effects can stop progressing. It is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tay–Sachs_disease

see founder effect.), the reason for these geographic differences is not known for certain. Asian carp have been popular food ... The current focus is finding sounds that will affect the Asian Carp and not the native fish. One active study being conducted ... They are thought often to have detrimental effects on native species.[dead link] However, in Europe, common carp are prized as ... The United States Geological Survey is conducting research on the effects that sound has on the Asian Carp. The obvious ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asian_carp_in_North_America

This is called the founder effect. In the well established breeds, that are commonly bred, a large gene pool is present. For ... Some of the most harmful effects known from such breeding includes its effects on the mortality rate as well as on the general ... However, these deleterious effects are common for very close relatives but not for those related on the 3rd cousin or greater ... In plant breeding, inbred lines are used as stocks for the creation of hybrid lines to make use of the effects of heterosis. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbreeding

One example of the founder effect is found in the Amish migration to Pennsylvania in 1744. Two of the founders of the colony in ... The founder effect occurs when a small group from one population splits off and forms a new population, often through ... "Genetic Drift and the Founder Effect". Evolution Library (Web resource). Evolution. Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation; ... Genetic drift affects smaller populations more than it affects larger populations. The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to_evolution

Diamond, J. M.; Rotter, J. I. (1987). "Observing the founder effect in human evolution". Nature. 329 (6135): 105-106. Bibcode: ... The effect of species diversity on total population density". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United ... Diamond, J. M.; Veitch, C. R. (1981). "Extinctions and Introductions in the New Zealand Avifauna: Cause and Effect?". Science. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jared_Diamond_bibliography

"Wikipilipinas founder aims for 'long tail' effect". Technology. Asian Journal. August 23, 2007. Retrieved August 27, 2007. " ... Casiraya, Lawrence (August 23, 2007). "Wikipilipinas founder aims for 'long tail' effect". Breaking News/Infotech. Inquirer.net ... by its New York-based founder Gaspar Vibal and webmaster Richard Grimaldo. Octogenarian book publisher Esther A. Vibal, founder ... Founder Gaspar Vibal describes "improvements" including a directory of web portals based on those of Yahoo!, Inc., and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WikiPilipinas

The founder effect is a special case of a population bottleneck, occurring when a small group in a population splinters off ... When a newly formed colony is small, its founders can strongly affect the population's genetic make-up far into the future. A ... "Bottlenecks and founder effects". Understanding Evolution. University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on 4 ... This potential for relatively rapid changes in the colony's gene frequency led most scientists to consider the founder effect ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_drift

"The Ripple Effect Wellness Organization , Founders & Advisory Board". TREWO. Retrieved 12 June 2020. "First Eelam- Canadian ... An order of which he was initiated into for his role in preventing Heart disease affecting South Asians in Canada. Devanesen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudi_Devanesen

This is an example of the founder effect. Similarly, when brown anoles were introduced to Florida, the native Carolina (or ... Eales; Thorpe; Malhotra (2008). "Weak founder effect signal in a recent introduction of Caribbean Anolis". Molecular Ecology. ... Kolbe; Leal; Schoener; Spiller; Losos (2012). "Founder Effects Persist Despite Adaptive Differentiation: A Field Experiment ... Some reptile-eating snakes have a specialized venom that has little effect on humans, but it rapidly kills an anole. On some ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dactyloidae

"Side Effect Page". Soulwalking.co.uk. Retrieved November 6, 2021. "R.I.P. Side Effect founder Augie Johnson". SoulTracks. ... Side Effect singer and co-founder Louie Patton". SoulTracks. Retrieved July 3, 2020. "Chart History - Side Effect: TOP R&B/HIP- ... Side Effect discography at Discogs Side Effect at Concord Music (Articles with short description, Short description is ... They later became known as Augie's Side Effect. On October 10, 2014, founder Augie Johnson died at age 66. On June 16, 2020, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Side_Effect

Founder effect Population bottleneck Van den Bergh, B; Fauvart, M; Michiels, J (1 May 2017). "Formation, physiology, ecology, ... Moyed HS, Bertrand KP (1983). "hipA, a newly recognized gene of Escherichia coli K-12 that affects frequency of persistence ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persister_cells

This is likely due to a local founder effect. The International Society of Genetic Genealogy (ISOGG) maintains the most up-to- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_G-M201

Slatkin, M (August 2004). "A Population-Genetic Test of Founder Effects and Implications for Ashkenazi Jewish Diseases". Am. J ... The Lithuanian Jewish population may exhibit a genetic founder effect. The utility of these variations has been the subject of ... high rate of early-onset dystonia in the population has also been identified as possibly stemming from the founder effect. ... as well as numerous other yeshivas founded by students of Lakewood's founder, Rabbi Aharon Kotler. In theoretical Talmud study ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuanian_Jews

Not all branches show evidence of a single founder effect. North Eurasian Finno-Ugric-speaking populations were found to be ... with subsequent genetic drift and recurrent founder effects among speakers of various branches of Finno-Ugric. ... showed that the Finno-Ugric-speaking populations do not retain genetic evidence of a common founder. Most possess an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finno-Ugric_languages

"Y chromosome evidence for a founder effect in Ashkenazi Jews". European Journal of Human Genetics. 13 (3): 388-91. doi:10.1038/ ... "refutes the idea of a single founder for Jewish Cohanim who lived in Biblical times." A 2009 academic study by Michael F. ... this record refutes the idea of a single founder for Jewish Cohanim who lived in Biblical times... Y-chromosomal analysis of ... "refutes the idea of a single founder for Jewish Cohanim who lived in Biblical times." However, recent studies have provided ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y-chromosomal_Aaron

Nebel A, Filon D, Faerman M, Soodyall H, Oppenheim A (March 2005). "Y chromosome evidence for a founder effect in Ashkenazi ... Bray, SM; Mulle, JG; Dodd, AF; Pulver, AE; Wooding, S; Warren, ST (September 2010). "Signatures of founder effects, admixture, ... "Signatures of founder effects, admixture, and selection in the Ashkenazi Jewish population". PNAS. 107 (37): 16222-27. Bibcode: ... "Admixture Estimation in a Founder Population". Am Soc Hum Genet, 2013". Archived from the original on 11 August 2019. Retrieved ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashkenazi_Jews

Together, this is described as the founder effect. Those same communities had diversity in the male lines that was similar to ... The Jewish population of Yemen also reveals a founder effect: 42% of the direct maternal lines are traceable to five women, ... Nebel A, Filon D, Faerman M, Soodyall H, Oppenheim A (March 2005). "Y chromosome evidence for a founder effect in Ashkenazi ... Bray SM, Mulle JG, Dodd AF, Pulver AE, Wooding S, Warren ST (September 2010). "Signatures of founder effects, admixture, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_studies_on_Jews

This is likely due to a local founder effect [1]. Another study has found that Haplogroup G2c-M377 reaches 14.7% in Afghan ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_G-M377

Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer Founder effect "Fumarase deficiency , Genetic and Rare Diseases Information ... Affected neonates may demonstrate nonspecific signs of poor feeding and hypotonia. Laboratory findings in neonates may indicate ... The condition is an autosomal recessive disorder, and it is therefore usually necessary for an affected individual to receive ... "Fumarase deficiency is an autosomal recessive encephalopathy affecting both the mitochondrial and the cytosolic enzymes". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fumarase_deficiency

Nebel, A; Filon D; Faerman M; Soodyall H; Oppenheim A (2004). "Y chromosome evidence for a founder effect in Ashkenazi Jews". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1_Chronicles_6

Nebel A, Filon D, Faerman M, Soodyall H, Oppenheim A (March 2005). "Y chromosome evidence for a founder effect in Ashkenazi ... Nebel A, Filon D, Faerman M, Soodyall H, Oppenheim A (March 2005). "Y chromosome evidence for a founder effect in Ashkenazi ... Ewers proposed the idea that the Viking/Varangian founders were in fact Khazars. The Russian historian Nikolay Karamzin ... this contribution was limited to either a single founder or a few closely related men, and does not exceed ~12% of the present- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khazar_hypothesis_of_Ashkenazi_ancestry

The high frequencies of mtDNA Haplogroup B in the Polynesians are the result of founder effect and represents the descendants ... The Polynesian population experienced a founder effect and genetic drift. The Polynesian may be distinctively different both ... The population levels of the low-lying islands of Tuvalu had to be managed because of the effects of periodic droughts and the ... When that changed, it had the effect of uplifting the portion of the continent that is modern-day New Zealand. The convergent ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polynesia

This is suggested to be due to the Founder effect. The smaller pie charts on the side illustrate the incidence of DHPR and PTPS ... The absence of BH4 affects the metabolism of Phenylalanine. This is the reason that PKU and PTPS deficiency share some similar ... The absence of enough of this molecule causes the movement disorders in an affected individual.[citation needed] To understand ... how the absence of this enzyme affects the body, we must look at the BH4 synthesis pathway. PTPS is an intermediate in this ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/6-Pyruvoyltetrahydropterin_synthase_deficiency

Nebel, Almut; Filon, Dvora; Faerman, Marina (March 2005). "Y chromosome evidence for a founder effect in Ashkenazi Jews". ... and denied this connection in order to avoid the antisemitic effects of the stigma attached to Jews. Several scholars have ... 10th century Zoroastrian Dênkart registered the collapse of Khazar power in attributing its eclipse to the enfeebling effects ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khazars

The Polynesian population experienced a founder effect and genetic drift. Evidence of an ancestral phase in the southern ... the effect was that this small hapu, or clan, had to manufacture, spurred by the penalty of death, in the shortest possible ... and the effects of hunting on New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri)". Mitochondrial DNA Part A. 29 (4): 567-580. doi: ... "Full Mitogenomes in the Critically Endangered Kākāpō Reveal Major Post-Glacial and Anthropogenic Effects on Neutral Genetic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Māori_history

... extreme founder effects can lead to speciation. founder event founder-flush-crash founder takes all A hypothesis that describes ... Macroevolution is often thought of as the compounded effects of microevolution. maternal effect Any nongenetic effect of the ... floral isolation flowering asynchrony founder effect The loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new, physically isolated ... Besides migration, population bottlenecks can also result in a type of founder effect; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_evolutionary_biology

This would affect the regiment's founder resp. commandant, when he was to reimburse the money which had been advanced by the ... From 1823 to 1840 irregular cavalry were officially designated 'Local Horse' and included the founder's name in brackets as in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silladar_Cavalry

The high frequency of U4 in Lastovo (11.8%) indicates founder effect. Haplogroup J is the third most frequent haplogroup (7.5% ... especially founder effect, has played significant role in shaping genetic composition of the isolated population of the island ... which indicates that the very high frequency in the Western Balkan is because of a founder effect. Utevska calculated that the ... founder effect and population bottlenecks (reduction of population size) which shaped the contemporary population. The results ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_studies_on_Croats

The letter asked them to consider the effect of their investments on climate change, and to refrain from investing in companies ... According to Charles Ellis, founder of Greenwich Associates and former chair of Yale's investment committee, "When it snowed, ... Yusko founder of Morgan Creek Capital Management, one of the veterans of the endowment investment model, claims that one year ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_F._Swensen

On May 22, 1979, Mark Dubois, one of the founders of FOR, hiked into the Stanislaus River Canyon and chained himself to a ... However, designation does not affect existing water rights or the existing jurisdiction of states and the federal government ... "Biologists estimate that it will affect the offspring of about 29 steelhead trout in the Stanislaus River - a few hundred ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Melones_Dam

According to special effects director Derek Meddings, the model was extremely difficult to film as it was hung on wires and an ... The main characters are ex-astronaut Jeff Tracy, founder of International Rescue, and his five adult sons, who pilot the ... Its drill bit was made of wood fitted with a screw thread; the wood had to be turned manually as the effects team did not have ... The Recovery Vehicles, which do not appear in any other episodes, were designed by effects assistant Mike Trim in his first ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pit_of_Peril

Lewis Rudolph, a Krispy Kreme founder, dies Jaakko Suikkari Gospel star Merrill Womach dies Suri poliitik ja ühiskonnategelane ... Koichi Kawakita, 72, Japanese special effects director (Godzilla vs. Biollante). Arthur Leipzig, 96, American photographer. Gil ... L. Stephen Coles, 73, American scientist, co-founder and the Executive Director of the Gerontology Research Group, pancreatic ... Graeme Goodall, 82, Australian recording engineer and record label owner, co-founder of Island Records. Jack Gregory, 87, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_December_2014

As with the founders of Romanticism, they were bohemian but engaged in work of a more social nature. With most of them coming ... They are also known for remaining disassociated from the political agitation affecting the country during this period and ... but these had a lesser effect on their style. The group expressed their opposition to academic art and romantic Criollismo ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilean_art

Holden was pro-gun, but due to some negative effects that he felt proposed legislation would have on Missouri gun owners, he ... Governor Holden is the founder and Director of the Holden Public Policy Forum at Webster University. The Forum describes itself ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Holden

He is the founder of Adhyatma Vigyan Satsang Kendra, located in Jodhpur. The book, 'Religious Revolution in the World' , first ... A great Indian philosopher and Yogi, Sri Aurobindo, has explained about the trans-formative effect of yoga on mankind in his ... founder = Adhyatma Vigyan Satsang Kendra, Jodhpur , religion = Hinduism , website = the-comforter.org }} Ramlal Siyag (24 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramlal_Siyag

... abolitionist and founder of Wheaton College John Gregg Fee, abolitionist and founder of Berea College James C. White Walnut ... There is just enough, and just the right admixture of hills and dale, forest and field, to give it the effect we love in gazing ... This had the desired effect. The poor girl faintly whispered, "Oh, misse, don't - I am most gone", and expired.: 88 The most ... founder of the new Oberlin Collegiate Institute, "a college in name only" that had been founded the previous year (1833). "The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lane_Seminary

Named after the sex worker rights activist and founder of COYOTE (Call Off Your Old Tired Ethics), Margo St. James, the St. ... There are many factors which affect the working conditions and experiences for all sex workers including the political and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._James_Infirmary_Clinic

Liu, Chengye; Shen, Jianming (2012). Effect of Turbocharging on Exhaust Brake Performance in an Automobile. Advances in ... founder of Cummins Engine Company, realized that by opening the cylinder exhaust valves when the piston reached top dead centre ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retarder_(mechanical_engineering)

The combined effects of the war and aftermath were ruinous for the region and piracy abounded. Mithradates himself faced ... He in turn was succeeded by Valentinian I (364-375), another soldier and founder of the Valentinianic dynasty, who almost ... A new threat was the Antonine Plague (165-180), which severely affected Asia. The Nerva-Antonine dynasty ended with the ... Diocletian managed to secure the frontiers and instituted sweeping administrative reforms that affected all the provinces, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Anatolia

In effect, Frege invented axiomatic predicate logic, in large part thanks to his invention of quantified variables, which ... Frege - An introduction to the founder of modern analytic philosophy. Penguin Books. - Excellent non-technical introduction and ... was the co-founder and headmaster of a girls' high school until his death. After Carl's death, the school was led by Frege's ... Frege is one of the founders of analytic philosophy, whose work on logic and language gave rise to the linguistic turn in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gottlob_Frege

Baird, Julia (25 November 2001). "Mouse roars as student masters Net effect". The Sydney Morning Herald. "HSC website a big hit ... the site's founders claim that because they were the first to sit a newly revised HSC syllabus, they were able to clearly see ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bored_of_Studies

The influence and lasting effect of this German movement remains in the Midwest. A German Catholic's Farewell to Rome (London, ... Johannes Ronge (16 October 1813 - 26 October 1887) was the principal founder of the New Catholics. A Roman Catholic priest from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_Ronge

"Amendment XII". The Founders' Constitution. University of Chicago. Retrieved September 7, 2018. Franck, Matthew J. (July 31, ... The new rules took effect for the 1804 presidential election and have governed all subsequent presidential elections. Under the ... it has been generally believed that an approval or veto by a governor is without legal effect. After having been rejected by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelfth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution

... annulled and of no force or effect". The second Act of November 1485 stated that she would enjoy all her properties and titles ... Founders of colleges of the University of Cambridge). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Margaret_Beaufort

Powerful dissents to the effect that the section must be given some substantive meaning (the trial of offences of some specific ... 155 (1955). Evans, Harry (December 2009). "The Other Metropolis: The Australian Founders' Knowledge of America". Papers on ... In the latter case, some strong dissents to the effect that limiting expenditure on political advertising in the electronic ... An amendment passed in 1967 gave the Commonwealth power over Aboriginal affairs, which has had a significant effect ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_constitutional_law

San Antonio is a part of the San Francisco del Monte area named after its benevolent Spanish friar and founder, St. Francis of ... Massive relief operations for almost 2,000 affected families was launched in order to help the victims of the flooding. One ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Antonio,_Quezon_City

"Shuttered Hong Kong pro-democracy paper Apple Daily and founder Jimmy Lai win press freedom award". Hong Kong Free Press. AFP. ... The Democratic Party accused the government of trying to create a chilling effect in the Hong Kong media industry. Former ... "2020 RSF Press Freedom Awards : three winners selected and special prize honors Jimmy Lai, founder of Apple Daily in Hong Kong ... Newspaper founders, Hong Kong Roman Catholics, Prisoners and detainees of Hong Kong, Hong Kong political prisoners, Hong Kong ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy_Lai

They call for the millions of women affected by the change to receive compensation. The 1995 Pensions Act increased the state ... Three of the original founders stepped down as leaders after a split in August 2016. A further three directors resigned in ... potentially affecting their retirement plans. In 2015, WASPI was formed by five women to argue for the government to provide ... the Department for Work and Pensions threatening legal action if the government did not help lessen the impact on the affected ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_Against_State_Pension_Inequality

The founder of the Hutterites, Jacob Hutter, "established the Hutterite colonies on the basis of the Schleitheim Confession, a ... In 1593 the Long Turkish War, which affected the Hutterites severely, broke out. During this war, in 1605, some 240 Hutterites ... The founder of the Hutterite tradition, Jacob Hutter, "established the Hutterite colonies on the basis of the Schleitheim ... In 1859 Michael Waldner was able to reinstate community of goods at one end of Hutterdorf, thus becoming the founder of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutterites

He is also founder and owner of The Directors Bureau, a commercial and music video production company. Roman Coppola is the son ... Coppola began his directing career by overseeing in-camera visual effects and second unit direction for Francis Ford Coppola's ... Bram Stoker's Dracula, which garnered a BAFTA Award nomination for Visual Effects. He has continued to do second unit direction ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Coppola

Grafstein is also known as one of the founders of CityTV, MTV-Multilingual (now Omni TV), YTV, and a series of other media ... Mitigating the Effects of Demographic Change in Canada Consumer Protection in the Financial Services Sector: The Unfinished ... He was a co-founder of a range of media companies, especially broadcasting/communications/ publication enterprises, including: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Grafstein

... malnutrition in impoverished areas affected blacks more than it affected whites, the Vietnam War killed more blacks than whites ... Frances M. Beal, co-founder of the Black Women's Liberation Committee of the SNCC, refused to believe that the black woman must ... Elizabeth Hinton writes that two other "wars" that have had detrimental effects on the black community - the War on Poverty and ... disruptions which affect the steady use of birth control. People who live in poor areas are more suspicious of the health care ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_genocide

... founder of the Serbian Karađorđević dynasty (d. 1817) November 18 Zacharias Werner, German religious poet (d. 1823) José ... the British colony of New York sign a pact not to import British manufactured goods as long as the Townshend Acts are in effect ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1768

"Founders Online: From Benjamin Franklin to John Lining, 17 June 1758". founders.archives.gov. Retrieved June 30, 2021. Faraday ... He studied the effects on a large pond in Clapham Common, London. "I fetched out a cruet of oil and dropt a little of it on the ... The economy of the Kingdom of Ireland was affected by the same trade regulations and laws that governed the Thirteen Colonies. ... Alexander Dallas Bache of the University of Pennsylvania, the law of the effect of heat on the conduction of bodies otherwise ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin

The city's proximity to the bay and the winds that it generates moderate the area's temperatures and ease the effects of the ... co-founder of Texas Monthly magazine; raised in Old Baytown, Robert E. Lee High School graduate Gary Busey, born in Goose Creek ... Hurricanes Carla (1961), Alicia (1983), Ike (2008), and Harvey (2017) were the four most damaging hurricanes to affect Baytown ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baytown,_Texas

Melissa, aka Queen Bee, is a bee-creature sorceress, and is the founder of the Thriae Society sorority at Mystik University. In ... Although Steel still pretended that the pollen had affected him in order to wait for the right moment to figure out what he ... and Steel's suit's data-protection immune systems protected him from the pollen's effects ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Bee_(comics)

These actions affected almost every resident of the entire Rio Grande Valley, resulting in millions of dollars of losses; the ... founder of Burton Snowboards Vikki Carr, Grammy-winning Sam Donaldson, journalist Chavo Guerrero, Mexican-American Professional ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas

Following the fall of Constantinople, he served Theodore I Laskaris, founder of the Empire of Nicaea, for a few years before ... Theodore took care not to let the quarrels of the churchmen affect his cordial relations with the Serbian ruler. Theodore's ... The Kingdom of Thessalonica had been much weakened after the death of its founder, Boniface of Montferrat, in 1207, since which ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_Komnenos_Doukas

Signatures of founder effects, admixture, and selection in the Ashkenazi Jewish population *Bray, Steven M. ...

https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010PNAS..10716222B

Firing Founders That Behave Badly: Effects of Morality Versus Authenticity on Brand Evaluation , ACR" /> Learn more about our ... Lan Anh N Ton and Rosanna Smith (2020) ,Firing Founders That Behave Badly: Effects of Morality Versus Authenticity on Brand ... Firing Founders That Behave Badly: Effects of Morality Versus Authenticity on Brand Evaluation ... This article demonstrates that the removal of the founder still damages the brand through competing effects of both the ...

https://www.acrwebsite.org/volumes/2662093/volumes/v48/NA-48

Data from: Inferences on population history of a seed chalcid wasp: invasion success despite a severe founder effect from an ... 2012), Data from: Inferences on population history of a seed chalcid wasp: invasion success despite a severe founder effect ...

https://datadryad.org/stash/dataset/doi:10.5061/dryad.tj37s

2013) Founder effects and related issues in Host-viral association studies. PhD thesis, Murdoch University. ... founder effects‟. A number of model-based methods utilizing inferred phylogenetic trees estimated from the observed viral ... Theorem and demonstrate their utility in detecting true associations whilst minimizing confounding generated by founder effects ...

https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/16565/

Founder effects are largely responsible for changes in frequency profiles of genetic variants in local populations or isolates ... 2005). Anatomy of a founder effect : myotonic dystrophy in Northeastern Quebec. Human Genetics, 117, (2-3), p. 177-187. ... of the founder effect, while minor haplotypes B and C, with corresponding carrier rates of 1/3,000 and 1/10,000, respectively, ... we evaluated the age of the founder effect from the proportion of recombinant haplotypes. Taking the prevalent haplotype A1_21 ...

https://constellation.uqac.ca/id/eprint/8311/

The founder mutations 185delAG and 5382insC in BRCA1 and 6174delT in BRCA2 appear in 60% of ovarian cancer and 30% of early- ... of high-incidence breast/ovarian cancer families had none of the three known founder mutations. ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9042909/?dopt=Abstract

How Does Ketamine Affect the Brain Over Time? Kernel Founder Tests his Invention. ... How Does Ketamine Affect the Brain Over Time? Kernel Founder Tests his Invention. ... Kernel Founder/CEO Bryan Johnson wearing Flow during the Ketamine pilot study. Nasal cannula is part of the study and not ... The quality of the data recorded with Flow may lead to a better understanding of the neuro effects from psychedelics on the ...

https://innotechtoday.com/how-does-ketamine-affect-the-brain-over-time-kernel-founder-tests-his-invention/

Early Growths webinar, "Issues Affecting Latinx VCs & Founders" will discuss topics related to financing and growing a ... While the percentage of Americans running a business has stayed at a steady 6.2% over the past 20 years, Latinx founders have ... Despite these advancements, funding and banking options for Latinx founders are limited. The venture capital community, ...

https://fenwick-demo.butchershop.co/insights/events/issues-affecting-latinx-vcs-founders

This paper examines how do founder CEOs react differently under high uncertainty and how does that affect firm performance. ... We argue that the data quality will affect the estimates of the treatment effect: a better-balanced dataset will require fewer ... We identify systemic risks arising from regulatory cliff effects. Regulatory cliff effects lead to sudden discrete changes to ... had an adverse effect on the profitability of the affected firms. Our findings are consistent with the view that, as the ...

https://www.aeaweb.org/conference/2019/preliminary/999?q=eNqrVipOLS7OzM8LqSxIVbKqhnGVrJQMlXSUUstS80qAbCOlWh2lxOLi_GQgByheklqUC2GlJFZChTJzUyGssszUcpBRRQUFIGMMQECpthZcMAZ0H1Y,

Copies of Mass Effect 3 are being sent into space in a clever marketing push by Electronic Arts. ... BioWare founder hints at possible Mass Effect ending changes BioWare co-founder Ray Muzyka has claimed his company is listening ... Mass Effect 3 will have gay relationships A tweet by executive producer Casey Hudson revealed that Mass Effect 3 will feature ... Mass Effect 3 story details announced Bioware has announced several story details about the upcoming Mass Effect 3. ...

https://www.bit-tech.net/news/gaming/mass-effect-3-heads-to-space/1/

Chiliz Founder Allocating 38 Million CHZ to Bailout Affected FTX Users. 2022-11-14 Posted in COINS, NEWS ... Herein, the founder would allocate 38 million CHZ to public addresses to compensate up to $10,000 per FTX user that held CHZ on ... The founder of Chiliz is allocating 38 million CHZ to individual users who could not withdraw their funds from FTX. Users can ... Cardano Founder Slams Critic, Says His Predictions for the Blockchain Project "Came True" → ...

https://cryptofant.io/chiliz-founder-allocating-38-million-chz-to-bailout-affected-ftx-users/

Megan Snedden is a creator and founder of The Kind Effect - a kindness movement and video series. Read on for her tips, travel ... The experience of creating the Kind Effect has taught me the value of patience as a creator. There are a lot of public figures ... "The experience of creating the Kind Effect has taught me the value of patience as a creator. There are a lot of public figures ... The first video I made for the Kind Effect was filmed locally in California on an iPhone with no fancy microphone or cameras, ...

https://colorandcuriosity.com/travel/megan-snedden-creator-traveler-founder-of-the-kind-effect/

As a founder, you can use share vesting to your advantage and plan the future of your company. In this article, we take you ... What Founders Need to Know About Vesting. The main thing founders need to know about vesting is that its important to align ... Founders who understand share vesting can use it to their advantage, and we hope this post will give you the information you ... Founders need to be aware of these things when creating a vesting schedule for their companys shares. By doing so, they can ...

https://blog.wevestr.com/share-vesting/

... October 18, 2021 ... Fast forward a few years, were founders of AdKings Agency. An industry-leading boutique eCommerce growth agency responsible ...

https://podcast.btsshow.com/e/networking-for-entrepreneurs-virtual-vs-in-person-events-finding-potential-partners-sponsoring/

F2Pool co-founder Chun Wang has responded to allegations that his mining pool has been manipulating Ethereum block timestamps ... Home/Mining/F2Pool co-founder responds to allegations its cheating the Ethereum POW system. Mining F2Pool co-founder responds ... F2Pool co-founder Chun Wang has responded to allegations that his mining pool has been manipulating Ethereum block timestamps ...

https://coineffect.live/f2pool-co-founder-responds-to-allegations-its-cheating-the-ethereum-pow-system/

Tome Tip: Our Founder Outlines How AIs Capabilities Will Affect Humans Pursuit of Fulfillment. ... Tomestics Founder and CEO, Poet DeMedici, has some very profound thoughts on the matter that might make you think twice about ...

https://www.tomestic.com/post/tome-tip-our-founder-outlines-how-ai-s-capabilities-will-affect-humans-pursuit-of-fulfillment

F-Factor diet founder responds to claims that products caused severe side effects - TODAY. Leave a Comment / Uncategorized / By ...

https://maxijade.com/2020/08/27/f-factor-diet-founder-responds-to-claims-that-products-caused-severe-side-effects-today/

Commitment to efficacious dosages, proven effects drove brands founder 02-Oct-2019. By Hank Schultz ... Perfect Keto Founder: Ive never seen a trend that has as much research as the ketogenic diet 19-Sep-2018. By Adi Menayang ... New scientific evidence on the prebiotic effects of black elderberry polyphenols * IFF The magic of making a perfect vegan ... The founder of the SFH-Stronger Faster Healthier-brand said his training in chemistry and pharmacology drove him to found a ...

https://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/tag/keyword/Food/ketogenic

Founder Effects in European History Started by zqw, 16-08-22 02:45 ...

https://www.eupedia.com/forum/forums/199-Autosomal-Genetics?s=a7da32b63a2369a9c88fa918cda6d8fd

Hawthorne Effect Founder and CEO Jodi Akin on VatorNews podcast A gig-economy approach to decentralized clinical trials means ... Bravely Co-Founder and President, Sarah Sheehan on VatorNews podcast A bottoms-up approach to giving every employee a voice ... AKASA co-founder and CEO Malinka Walaliyadde on VatorNews podcast Walaliyadde is a former partner at a16z, where he helped ... MedRhythms Co-founder and CEO Brian Harris on VatorNews podcast Neurologic music therapy is a new digital therapeutic to ...

https://vator.tv/news/shows/podcast?order_by=post&page=6

How Lead Founder Personality Affects New Venture Performance: The Mediating Role of Team Conflict. Journal of management. 2013; ... How Lead Founder Personality Affects New Venture Performance: The Mediating Role of Team Conflict. / de Jong, Ad; Song, Michael ... de Jong, A, Song, M & Song, LZ 2013, How Lead Founder Personality Affects New Venture Performance: The Mediating Role of Team ... de Jong, A., Song, M., & Song, L. Z. (2013). How Lead Founder Personality Affects New Venture Performance: The Mediating Role ...

https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/how-lead-founder-personality-affects-new-venture-performance-the-

When a Founder Effect exists, that assumption is not accurate; and the Founder Effect is definitely present in most commercial ... The Founder Effect and Erroneous Assumptions Back to the policy meeting. As we were discussing the need for biodiversity in ... When a large number of individuals all descend from a small number of ancestors, this is referred to as the "Founder Effect." ... Here is an easy way to visualize the Founder Effect: Think of the castaways stranded on Gilligans Island. Suppose the island ...

https://www.cannabisbusinesstimes.com/article/biodiversity-in-commercial-cannabis-why-it-matters/

A high proportion of novel mutations in BRCA1 with strong founder effects among Dutch and Belgian hereditary breast and ovarian ...

https://repository.ubn.ru.nl/handle/2066/25573

Haileselasie TH, Mergeay J, Vanoverbeke J, Orsini L, De Meester L. Founder effects determine the genetic structure of the water ... Founder effects determine the genetic structure of the water flea Daphnia in Ethiopian reservoirs. Tsegazeabe H. Haileselasie, ... Founder effects determine the genetic structure of the water flea Daphnia in Ethiopian reservoirs. In: Limnology and ... Haileselasie, T. H., Mergeay, J., Vanoverbeke, J., Orsini, L., & De Meester, L. (2018). Founder effects determine the genetic ...

https://pureportal.inbo.be/en/publications/founder-effects-determine-the-genetic-structure-of-the-water-flea

... analysis on 16 affected individuals from the three families demonstrated they all share the CMTX3 disease locus identical-by- ... A 4.42 cM region shared IBD over the Xq27.1 disease locus was identified between all affected individuals confirming a founder ... Here we show in CMTX3, where the causal variant was known, IBD mapping successfully confirmed a founder effect. In individuals ... IBD mapping has recently been used to confirm founder effects in more than 20 families with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s10038-022-01078-1?error=cookies_not_supported&code=934ec378-975e-4089-8714-1b0bf7f790c1

Respawn co-founder Vince Zampella new head of Battlefield franchise. Battlefield, forever ...

https://www.nme.com/en_au/brands/ripple-effect

The Founder Effect. Chandra Shekhar , Oct 1, 2006 , 1 min read. What happens when founders stick around companies? ...

https://www.the-scientist.com/research-round-up-old

Resequencing of 145 Landmark Cultivars Reveals Asymmetric Sub-genome Selection and Strong Founder Genotype Effects on Wheat ...

https://www.cell.com/molecular-plant/collections/evolution-and-domestication-of-staple-crops?ContribAuthorRaw=Liu%2C+Xu&rel=nofollow&startPage=

Lan Anh N Ton and Rosanna Smith (2020) ,'Firing Founders That Behave Badly: Effects of Morality Versus Authenticity on Brand Evaluation', in NA - Advances in Consumer Research Volume 48, eds. (acrwebsite.org)
Of the 73 new fortunes in 2020, 56 derive from founders' or early employees' equity (52 founders, 2 early employees, and 2 wives of founders), and 17 from managing investment funds. (paulgraham.com)
This result is consistent with previous findings in studies by Alimi S. and Okunade O. (2020) that Internet use can have a quick effect, but not have a long-term perspective. (uzdaily.uz)
Think of it, wouldn't it be cool to have the Debut card for the Visual Effects Supervisor who wins the 2020 Oscar Awards. (therookies.co)
In 2020, local startups found it challenging as they struggled for funding and players in several affected sectors, such as travel and lifestyle, were forced to pivot or hibernate," said Yod Chinsupakul, chief executive and co-founder of Line Man Wongnai. (bangkokpost.com)

Taking the prevalent haplotype A1_21 (58%) as ancestral to all the disease-associated haplotypes in this study, the estimated age of the founder effect was 19 generations, long predating the colonization of Nouvelle-France. (uqac.ca)
In contrast, considering A1_21 as ancestral to the haplotype family A only, yielded the estimated founder age of nine generations, consistent with the settlement of Charlevoix at the turn of 17th century and subsequent colonization of SLSJ. (uqac.ca)
We conclude that it was the carrier of haplotype A (present day carrier rate of 1/730) that was a "driver" of the founder effect, while minor haplotypes B and C, with corresponding carrier rates of 1/3,000 and 1/10,000, respectively, contribute DM1 to the incidence level known in other populations. (uqac.ca)
Other studies confirm that this might be a general scenario in which a major "driver" mutation/haplotype issued from a founder effect is found accompanied by distinct minor mutations/haplotypes occurring at background population frequencies. (uqac.ca)
A founder effect has been proposed for both families who share an identical microsatellite marker-based haplotype over the CMTX3 locus, although these families were unable to be connected through genealogy and historical pedigrees. (nature.com)
Shared IBD segments overlapping the disease locus at Xq27.1 were extracted to determine if an ancestral haplotype was common to all families, indicative of a founder effect. (nature.com)
A 53-SNP founder haplotype was extracted over the shared IBD region (chrX:138,429,585-140,025,086) and is provided in the Supplementary Data . (nature.com)
Four families from Newfoundland shared a common haplotype, suggestive of a founder effect. (medicaleconomics.com)
Haplotype analysis was not consistent with a founder effect, but rather suggested a mutational hotspot. (jetaninchina.com)

If you're a startup founder, there's a good chance you've heard of vesting. (wevestr.com)
And they would probably be doubly surprised to learn their driver is the millionaire co-founder of the popular travel website Kayak, who is driving for Uber undercover while he researches his next startup. (theverge.com)
User experience startup channels network effects buyer business-to-consumer angel investor. (bineuro.com)
Influencer termsheet entrepreneur non-disclosure agreement vesting period ownership network effects marketing pivot lean startup. (bineuro.com)
Earlier this month, a federal jury convicted Elizabeth Holmes , founder of the blood testing startup Theranos, on four of 11 charges of fraud. (medscape.com)

To test whether the data were consistent with a single entry of the mutation into SLSJ, we evaluated the age of the founder effect from the proportion of recombinant haplotypes. (uqac.ca)
Using the relatedness tool XIBD to perform genome-wide identity-by-descent (IBD) analysis on 16 affected individuals from the three families demonstrated they all share the CMTX3 disease locus identical-by-descent, confirming the mutation arose in a common ancestor. (nature.com)
Founder effect for the T93M DHCR7 mutation in Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
In particular, a number of cases in Newfoundland are thought to be due to a founder mutation. (medicaleconomics.com)
The presence of a founder mutation from Newfoundland is strongly supported,' the authors conclude. (medicaleconomics.com)
It was first described in Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean (Quebec, Canada) in this region the prevalence of the gene mutation underlying the disorder is estimated to be 1/23 inhabitants and may be due to a founder effect. (cdc.gov)
As far as current practices are concerned, the majority of families considered eligible for testing in cancer genetics clinics (typically families with two or three affected individuals) are not found to carry a BRCA1/2 mutation. (bvsalud.org)

The other founder zoonotic diseases that affect humans and animals. (cdc.gov)

Many families with hereditary diffuse gastric cancer have mutations in the epithelial cadherin ( CDH1 ) gene that occur independently or due to a founder effect, according to a study published in the June 6 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association . (medicaleconomics.com)
Molecular analysis of LGMD-2B and MM patients: identification of novel DYSF mutations and possible founder effect in the Italian population. (bvsalud.org)
In South Africa (SA), individuals with Afrikaner ancestry are at an increased risk of inheriting disease-causing FA mutations, owing to the three common FANCA (FA, complementation group A) founder mutations present in this population subgroup.Objectives. (bvsalud.org)
To describe the physical phenotype of SA patients with FANCA mutations for the purpose of recommending appropriate care for affected individuals.Methods. (bvsalud.org)
A structured clinical examination and file-based review were used to evaluate the physical phenotype of 7 patients with compound heterozygous and homozygous FANCA founder mutations, and 1 patient with confirmed FANCA complementation analysis. (bvsalud.org)

Stock ecosystem founders bandwidth entrepreneur deployment funding virality equity customer. (bineuro.com)
Brent Hoberman, Chairman and Co-Founder, Founders Factory: "The UK's fintech ecosystem continues to dominate in Europe and the £18bn investment into the sector is second only to the US. (techmonsterr.com)

We've studied breaches for a long time, but not from a ripple effect perspective," says Wade Baker, partner and cofounder of the Cyentia Institute. (darkreading.com)
But while it's easy to get caught up in where these breaches start, risk managers can learn more if they consider where the ripple effect goes. (darkreading.com)

She is currently a creator, writing and shooting photos and videos for brands, as well as building the Kind Effect - an acts of kindness movement and video series. (colorandcuriosity.com)

When a company's founder engages in ethical misconduct, the company can fire the founder in hopes that the brand's reputation maintains its integrity. (acrwebsite.org)

This article demonstrates that the removal of the founder still damages the brand through competing effects of both the company's perceived morality and perceived authenticity. (acrwebsite.org)
In short, vesting is a way to ensure that founders and employees don't walk away with all the company's shares when they leave. (wevestr.com)
As damages inflicted by cyberattacks increase, coverage must be aligned precisely to a company's cyber risk to effectively mitigate losses and stem the after-effects of an incident," said Jack Kudale, founder and CEO, Cowbell Cyber. (insurance-canada.ca)
While the operations of a public company do not change much from day to day, the macro economic issues that affect a public company's performance, and its future earnings potential, do change from day to day. (kerriganadvisors.com)

Founder effects are largely responsible for changes in frequency profiles of genetic variants in local populations or isolates. (uqac.ca)
Both prevalence and penetrance have been studied more thoroughly in high-risk families and in some founder populations than in families at moderate or low risk. (bvsalud.org)

Recent advances in 12 homozygous female founder parents) by molecular biology have brought some exciting out-crossing to the MyWT strain. (who.int)

2. Growth in the number of Internet users by 1 p.p. will reduce the poverty rate by 0.02 p.p. after 2 years, while this effect is not particularly different from the effect obtained after 1 year. (uzdaily.uz)
Through holistic training workshops, Uncle Tom Powell, the Founder of the program, helps participants to target issues affecting their lives and to pursue personal journeys of growth and wellbeing. (caritas.org.au)
Growth hacking accelerator crowdfunding release gamification backing iPhone network effects validation hackathon infrastructure. (bineuro.com)
Taking this partnership to the next phase, Aviva and Founders Factory will support the growth of seven startups each year. (techmonsterr.com)
Although the development and growth of cartilaginous structures are disturbed, the intramembranous ossification and appositional growth pattern are not primarily affected. (medscape.com)

This dynamic can also exist with crops-a genetic monoculture that is susceptible will be affected uniformly by a new pathogen, while a genetically diverse farm will have a more robust and varied response. (cannabisbusinesstimes.com)

The founder and president of the Eye-Opener Women and Youth Foundation, Mrs Julius is also the recipient of the 2022 World No Tobacco Day (WNTD) Award from the World Health Organization, a recognition of her significant contribution to the field of tobacco control. (who.int)

The HBOC syndrome is characterized by a pattern of occurrence of cancers in a family, involving multiple relatives affected by breast and/or ovarian cancer, and by early age at diagnosis. (bvsalud.org)

This empirical study of 323 new ventures examines how task and relationship conflict in the founding top management team mediates the effect of lead founder personality on new venture performance. (utwente.nl)
Furthermore, task conflict increases venture performance, whereas relationship conflict decreases venture performance and weakens the positive effect of task conflict. (utwente.nl)
In addition, task and relationship conflict do not mediate the effect of extraversion, and they only partially mediate the effects of openness and neuroticism on new venture performance. (utwente.nl)
Song, Lisa Z. / How Lead Founder Personality Affects New Venture Performance: The Mediating Role of Team Conflict . (utwente.nl)
Founded by Brent Hoberman and Henry Lane Fox in 2015, Founders Factory is a global venture studio and accelerator. (techmonsterr.com)

The last entry in BioWare's epic space opera Mass Effect might be set in space, but it's also going to distributed there too in one of the more innovative marketing pushes we've seen from a publisher. (bit-tech.net)
To celebrate the launch of Mass Effect 3, publisher Electronic Arts is to put several copies of the game on weather balloons released in New York, San Francisco, Las Vegas, Berlin, London and Paris. (bit-tech.net)
As each balloon drifts with its precious cargo, its location will be tracked live on the official Mass Effect website. (bit-tech.net)
The final full entry in the award-winning series, Mass Effect 3 promises to tie up all the loose ends from previous games. (bit-tech.net)
BioWare co-founder Ray Muzyka has claimed his company is listening to feedback on the ending to Mass Effect 3. (bit-tech.net)
A tweet by executive producer Casey Hudson revealed that Mass Effect 3 will feature same-sex romances for both boys and girls. (bit-tech.net)
Bioware has announced several story details about the upcoming Mass Effect 3. (bit-tech.net)
This established many of the elements that would become so familiar in the industry today, and can be clearly seen as a direct precursor to the iconic Mass Effect . (denofgeek.com)
The release of Mass Effect was a vitally important moment in the history of the genre, as the game brought action, storytelling and even a crucial socially progressive voice to the party. (denofgeek.com)
With such a large base from which to work, the team churned out a series of critically-acclaimed titles over the next few years, including the phenomenal success that was Mass Effect 2 , a regular at the top of 'greatest ever' lists the internet over, and fantasy RPG Dragon Age: Origins . (denofgeek.com)
It was Mass Effect 2 , though, which represents arguably Bioware's best work. (denofgeek.com)
The series came to a controversial conclusion with the powerful Mass Effect 3 in 2012, maximising the drama and gunplay as it tied up story threads from close to a hundred hours of gaming. (denofgeek.com)

While the percentage of Americans running a business has stayed at a steady 6.2% over the past 20 years, Latinx founders have rocketed from 6.5% of all entrepreneurs in 2001 to 15% as of 2019. (butchershop.co)

The analysis revealed a substantial impact of genetic variation acting on drug biotransformation, allowed mapping of potential joint genetic effects in the context of individual drugs, and demonstrated crosstalk between drug metabolism and lipid metabolism. (frontiersin.org)

Working with the Founders Factory we can provide practical and financial support to startups who are moving quickly to test new ways of doing business and new customer propositions. (techmonsterr.com)

Acute systemic effects of inhaled occupational agents. (cdc.gov)
He also highlighted the various systemic gaps that are affecting the innovative processes affecting the strengthening of health systems across the African region contextualizing from the WHO Reginal strategy for Scaling health innovations. (who.int)

IBD mapping allows investigators to determine the degree of relationship between pairs of individuals and is a more powerful strategy to uncover shared ancestry and founder effects compared to IBS analysis. (nature.com)

Fast forward a few years, we're founders of AdKings Agency. (btsshow.com)
Taking lag of 2 years is due to the fact that poverty reduction is a rather long process and the effect of the introduction of information technologies is difficult to notice at the first stages. (uzdaily.uz)
In with carcinogenic effects (e.g. benzene, chromates, aromatic the years up to 1930, major scientific progress occurred in the fun- damental principles of protection, which included substitution, enclosure and ventilation (Luxon, 1984 ). (cdc.gov)
Dr Abdinasir Abubakar, WHO Representative in Lebanon, visited 2 primary health care (PHC) centres supported by the AMEL Association in Beirut today to get a clear picture of the availability and accessibility of essential health care services in Lebanon following multiple crises that have affected the country in recent years. (who.int)

In a recent development, the insurer has announced a £10 million fund and a five-year extension to its innovation partnership with Founders Factory. (techmonsterr.com)

The Moncler chairman and CEO and OTB and Diesel founder talked about ownership, a succession plan and Italian fashion conglomerates. (wwd.com)
Moncler's chairman and CEO Remo Ruffini and OTB founder and president Renzo Rosso. (wwd.com)
The Sasakawa Health Prize Committee, having considered the decision, agreed to revise its Statutes to the effect that the Prize Committee would be replaced by a Prize Selection Panel, composed of the Chairman of the Executive Board, a member of the Board and the representative of the Founder. (who.int)
The Committee Selection Panel entitled the "Sasakawa Health Prize Committee Selection Panel" shall be composed of the following members: the Chairman and Vice-Chairmen of the Executive Board, a member elected by the Executive Board from among its members for a period that may not exceed the duration of his or her terms of office on the Executive Board, and a representative appointed by the Founder. (who.int)
The presence of the Chairman of the Executive Board and at least two other members of the Committee including the representative appointed by the Founder The presence of all members of the Selection Panel shall be required for the taking of decisions. (who.int)

However, no factor has had a faster or more direct effect than antimicrobial agents. (mdpi.com)

Aviva and Founders Factory entered into a strategic partnership in the fintech sector in 2016. (techmonsterr.com)
Dr. Ryan is one of the founders of BrightView and is responsible for strategic development, alignment of operations and medical practice, clinical and outcomes research, and maintaining focus on the mission and vision of BrightView to pair a patient focused and evidence based approach to addiction treatment. (cdc.gov)

Early Growth's webinar, "Issues Affecting Latinx VCs & Founders" will discuss topics related to financing and growing a business, as well as the issues that underrepresented ethnic groups might experience. (butchershop.co)
I want you to check out his website and tell me why you think it's profitable and support this crappy founder because he has a good business. (mixergy.com)
its effects hit 23 healthcare organizations, three professional services firms, two business support entities, and a manufacturing company. (darkreading.com)
Research & development series A financing product management creative business-to-consumer ramen innovator founders network effects. (bineuro.com)
Stock Market Blues: How does it affect my business? (kerriganadvisors.com)

Rifampicin and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) therapy have beneficial effects in chronic cholestatic diseases. (medscape.com)
Gardasil's prevention failure erases the beneficial effects of the smear and accelerates the onset of cervical cancer. (greenmedinfo.com)

Vested shares are shares that an employee or founder has earned the right to own, typically through a vesting agreement. (wevestr.com)
The organizations affected downstream typically collect vast amounts of valuable data, have large digital footprints, and maintain a wide network of third-party relationships. (darkreading.com)

Whether Sandy Hook parents or InfoWars founder wins, effects will impact Internet. (insidehook.com)

The dataset links businesses affected by the same incident and tracks losses. (darkreading.com)

Kernel Flow successfully measured the neuro-effect of ketamine over 11 days (baseline at Days 1-5, dosing at Day 6, follow-up at Days 7-11), and confirmed changes in functional connectivity that are consistent with current scientific research. (innotechtoday.com)

The effect of COVID-19 on public health around the world has been stark - some 4 million fatalities. (abc.net.au)
Colors have a deep effect on our lives and including the right ones in our diet, homes, and wardrobes can really help to positively impact our overall health. (indiawest.com)
Calvin Schwabe is best known as one of the degree program that teaches the principles and strategies two 20th century founders of the discipline of veterinary of population-based medicine, disease surveillance, and epidemiology and the concept of One Medicine (now prevention and control of diseases of food animals and commonly referred to as One Health). (cdc.gov)
MedShadow Foundation is an independent nonprofit health & wellness journalism organization focused on helping to protect lives from the side effects of medication and lower risk with alternative health options. (medshadow.org)
Observed-Adverse-Effect-Level (NOAEL) can be established, health-based OELs are set by dividing the NOAEL of the critical effect by an overall uncertainty factor. (cdc.gov)
Stumbling on the information that, "tobacco kills half its users'' further reinforced her resolve to dedicate quality time to sensitizing people on the harmful effects of the deadly substance on health and the environment. (who.int)
WHO, as a co-founder of Gavi and the UN's specialist agency providing leadership on global health issues, is a key policy influence and implementing partner. (who.int)
Over the last decade, the Western Pacific Region has faced various natural disasters resulting in public health emergencies affecting both developed and developing countries. (who.int)

The population of India has always been pretty high, much higher than Iran, allowing founder effects to occur and propagate pretty fast. (blogspot.com)

Changes in eating habits can have a beneficial effect on the condition of our body, but also on the development and course of many diseases, researchers say. (nutraingredients-usa.com)

Hedge funds and private equity firms existed in 1982, but none of their founders were rich enough yet to make it into the top 100. (paulgraham.com)
Inexperienced-Cowles (1994) points out that European Spherical Desk of Industrialists, a extremely influential association of multinational firms, as a key supporter of the European Single Market and its affect on determination making. (nigerdiaspora.info)

Breeding experiments that use an outbred strain are more likely to suffer from founder effects. (biofortified.org)
Those affected are unable to perform their usual activities and suffer from profound fatigue that is not relieved by rest. (cdc.gov)

MNDs can be classified into those affecting primarily the UMNs, those affecting primarily the LMNs, and those affecting both, and the nomenclature is used accordingly. (medscape.com)
He is the founder and president of Greenlight Capital, a hedge fund that invests primarily in North American equities and corporate debt offerings. (investopedia.com)
Moreover, additionally it is shown that multinational companies primarily broadened their base of affect inside UNICE by means of direct enterprise membership (Bethke, 2007). (nigerdiaspora.info)

A 4.42 cM region shared IBD over the Xq27.1 disease locus was identified between all affected individuals confirming a founder effect (Fig. 1 ). (nature.com)
Affected individuals develop seizures in the first year of life and achieve almost no psychomotor progress, resulting in feeding difficulties and an inability to walk or speak. (jetaninchina.com)
these individuals are taller and less severely affected than persons with classic diastrophic dwarfism. (medscape.com)
Fanconi anaemia (FA) is a rare genetic disorder of impaired DNA repair that results in physical and haematological consequences in affected individuals. (bvsalud.org)

Vesting is a way to ensure that employees and founders are invested in the long-term success of the company. (wevestr.com)
The author identifies critical research needs as being determination of the relationship between fever and causative agent, dose response relationships in previously exposed and unexposed workers, and long term effects. (cdc.gov)
CDC is actively working with our partners to better understand the long-term effects of COVID-19 and find ways to help people with Long COVID. (cdc.gov)

The first video I made for the Kind Effect was filmed locally in California on an iPhone with no fancy microphone or cameras, and I used my pretty-bad video editing skills to stitch it together. (colorandcuriosity.com)

With as many as 1 in 12 pregnancies affected by preeclampsia and given that the diagnosis is most often only made in the third trimester, these results provide a promising outlook for pregnant women. (medscape.com)

The experience of creating the Kind Effect has taught me the value of patience as a creator. (colorandcuriosity.com)
Saren is the vibrant creator of The Glow Effect (TGE), a personal and sustainable development movement that believes women's leadership is the most important tool for social change, and author of TGE, the essential book on self and world empowerment . (mindbodygreen.com)

Previously the founder created a visual way to search Cregg's list, but then Cregg's list banned him. (mixergy.com)

[ 33 , 34 ] A third clinical trial, in patients who were ineligible to participate in the second pivotal clinical trial, did not show efficacy, possibly due to low power (small number of patients included relative to the magnitude of the possible effect). (medscape.com)
A Cochrane review that pooled data from the first 3 clinical trials reported that the addition of data from the third trial, which included patients who were older and more seriously affected, reduced the overall treatment effect seen in the first 2 trials. (medscape.com)

Vesting is the process by which employees or founders earn the right to own shares in a company over time. (wevestr.com)
In an interview with KrebsOnSecurity today, VCPI chief executive and owner Karen Christianson said the attack had affected virtually all of their core offerings, including Internet service and email, access to patient records, client billing and phone systems, and even VCPI's own payroll operations that serve nearly 150 company employees. (krebsonsecurity.com)

Pivot niche market success network effects. (bineuro.com)

Creating the Kind Effect - an acts of kindness movement and video series - was actually a bit of an accident. (colorandcuriosity.com)
If people believe that their small acts of kindness will not have a positive effect, it can often stand in the way of engaging in more of these acts of chessed in daily life. (timesofisrael.com)

She is also a member of Ardent Flame Media Group, LLC, where she devotes additional time for filming projects and is also the founder of Save Them All, Inc., a 501 c(3) non-profit organization dedicated to addressing serious issues affecting future generations, raising awareness, and promoting hope and recovery for children/youth who have been abused and neglected. (barnesandnoble.com)

Tomestic's Founder and CEO, Poet De'Medici, has some very profound thoughts on the matter that might make you think twice about what the future has in store for those who are simply biding their time until technology takes over. (tomestic.com)

This paper proposes a rational explanation for the existence of clientele effects under commonly used portfolio management contracts. (aeaweb.org)

The partnership with the Founders Factory ensures Aviva remains at the forefront of the new ideas and technology which will make customers' lives simpler. (techmonsterr.com)

He enjoys writing about current topics that affect the federal workforce. (fedsmith.com)

"We are really proud of our judging panel this year, which has a strong female voice with more than 50 incredibly talented and trailblazing women in their fields," said Alwyn Hunt, co-founder, The Rookies. (therookies.co)

Anatomy3

Organisms1

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs4

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes45

Disciplines and Occupations3

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena4

Information Science3

Named Groups5

Health Care7

Geographicals14

A common MSH2 mutation in English and North American HNPCC families: origin, phenotypic expression, and sex specific differences in colorectal cancer. (1/781)

Analysis of spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 gene and haplotype analysis: (CCG)1-2 polymorphism and contribution to founder effect. (2/781)

Location score and haplotype analyses of the locus for autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay, in chromosome region 13q11. (3/781)

Ancestral Asian source(s) of new world Y-chromosome founder haplotypes. (4/781)

The prevalence of common BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations among Ashkenazi Jews. (5/781)

The 2588G-->C mutation in the ABCR gene is a mild frequent founder mutation in the Western European population and allows the classification of ABCR mutations in patients with Stargardt disease. (6/781)

Ancestral origins and worldwide distribution of the PRNP 200K mutation causing familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. (7/781)

Precise genetic mapping and haplotype analysis of the familial dysautonomia gene on human chromosome 9q31. (8/781)

Founder Effect

Haplotypes

Pedigree

Jews

Microsatellite Repeats

Africa, Northern

Gypsies

Mutation

Indians, Central American

Genetic Variation

Genetics, Population

National Socialism

DNA Mutational Analysis

Consanguinity

Gene Frequency

Geography

Genes, Recessive

Newfoundland and Labrador

Keratoderma, Palmoplantar

Linkage Disequilibrium

Dermatitis, Exfoliative

Indians, South American

Genetic Structures

Alleles

Australasia

Genetic Drift

Nontherapeutic Human Experimentation

Homozygote

Genotype

DNA, Mitochondrial

Gene Flow

Heterozygote

Arabs

Chromosome Mapping

Chromosomes, Human, Y

Phylogeny

Phenotype

Genetic Markers

Genetic Linkage

Genetic Testing

Tunisia

Genetic Heterogeneity

Base Sequence

Penetrance

Molecular Sequence Data

Polymorphism, Genetic

France

Exons

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2

Mediterranean Region

Introduced Species

Genes, BRCA1

Models, Genetic

Europe

Mutation, Missense

Genetic Speciation

Point Mutation

Germ-Line Mutation

BRCA2 Protein

Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational

Family Health

Spinocerebellar Degenerations

Biological Evolution

Age of Onset

Finland

Italy

Frameshift Mutation

Evolution, Molecular

Emigration and Immigration

Spain

Population Dynamics

Population Density

Sequence Analysis, DNA

Africa

Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

Codon, Nonsense

Israel

Quebec

Genetic Predisposition to Disease