AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth Care
Heart Septal DefectsEndocardial CushionsHeart Septal Defects, VentricularEndocardial Cushion DefectsHeart Septal Defects, AtrialHeart ValvesHeart Defects, CongenitalHeart SeptumEndocardiumDown SyndromeTetralogy of FallotFetal HeartAortopulmonary Septal DefectEchocardiographyCardiac Surgical ProceduresAbnormalities, MultipleInfant, NewbornAtrial SeptumMesodermHeartMitral Valve InsufficiencyChromosomes, Human, Pair 21Fetal DiseasesMitral ValveTransforming Growth Factor beta2Heart VentriclesUltrasonography, PrenatalSeptal Occluder DeviceChick EmbryoHeart AtriaGestational AgeGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalPregnancyRetrospective StudiesEmbryologyMorphogenesisTransforming Growth Factor beta3VersicansReoperationT-Box Domain ProteinsTreatment OutcomeCardiac CatheterizationGATA4 Transcription FactorFollow-Up StudiesMyocardiumIn Situ HybridizationNeural CrestEchocardiography, TransesophagealBone Morphogenetic ProteinsBalloon OcclusionTransposition of Great VesselsTwist Transcription FactorOrganogenesisProstheses and ImplantsTruncus Arteriosus, PersistentPulmonary AtresiaEchocardiography, Doppler, ColorEmbryo, MammalianEmbryonic and Fetal DevelopmentPericardiumProsthesis ImplantationPulmonary Valve StenosisMice, KnockoutTransforming Growth Factor betaHeart InjuriesTime FactorsTricuspid ValveHeart AneurysmCell DifferentiationPulmonary ArteryAortic Stenosis, SubvalvularPulmonary Subvalvular StenosisVentricular Septal RuptureAortic CoarctationWheelchairsCell MovementAngiocardiographyTranscription FactorsEndotheliumMice, TransgenicCardiovascular Surgical ProceduresDouble Outlet Right VentricleCaryophyllaceaeCardiovascular AbnormalitiesExtracellular Matrix ProteinsCell ProliferationExtracellular MatrixSignal TransductionImmunohistochemistryBase SequenceEpitheliumMolecular Sequence DataDNA PrimersDuctus Arteriosus, PatentEbstein Anomaly
Heart Septal Defects: Abnormalities in any part of the HEART SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communication between the left and the right chambers of the heart. The abnormal blood flow inside the heart may be caused by defects in the ATRIAL SEPTUM, the VENTRICULAR SEPTUM, or both.Endocardial Cushions: A fetal heart structure that is the bulging areas in the cardiac septum between the HEART ATRIA and the HEART VENTRICLES. During development, growth and fusion of endocardial cushions at midline forms the two atrioventricular canals, the sites for future TRICUSPID VALVE and BICUSPID VALVE.Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular: Developmental abnormalities in any portion of the VENTRICULAR SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communications between the two lower chambers of the heart. Classification of ventricular septal defects is based on location of the communication, such as perimembranous, inlet, outlet (infundibular), central muscular, marginal muscular, or apical muscular defect.Endocardial Cushion Defects: A spectrum of septal defects involving the ATRIAL SEPTUM; VENTRICULAR SEPTUM; and the atrioventricular valves (TRICUSPID VALVE; BICUSPID VALVE). These defects are due to incomplete growth and fusion of the ENDOCARDIAL CUSHIONS which are important in the formation of two atrioventricular canals, site of future atrioventricular valves.Heart Septal Defects, Atrial: Developmental abnormalities in any portion of the ATRIAL SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communications between the two upper chambers of the heart. Classification of atrial septal defects is based on location of the communication and types of incomplete fusion of atrial septa with the ENDOCARDIAL CUSHIONS in the fetal heart. They include ostium primum, ostium secundum, sinus venosus, and coronary sinus defects.Heart Valves: Flaps of tissue that prevent regurgitation of BLOOD from the HEART VENTRICLES to the HEART ATRIA or from the PULMONARY ARTERIES or AORTA to the ventricles.Heart Defects, Congenital: Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be discovered later in life.Heart Septum: This structure includes the thin muscular atrial septum between the two HEART ATRIA, and the thick muscular ventricular septum between the two HEART VENTRICLES.Endocardium: The innermost layer of the heart, comprised of endothelial cells.Down Syndrome: A chromosome disorder associated either with an extra chromosome 21 or an effective trisomy for chromosome 21. Clinical manifestations include hypotonia, short stature, brachycephaly, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthus, Brushfield spots on the iris, protruding tongue, small ears, short, broad hands, fifth finger clinodactyly, Simian crease, and moderate to severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. Cardiac and gastrointestinal malformations, a marked increase in the incidence of LEUKEMIA, and the early onset of ALZHEIMER DISEASE are also associated with this condition. Pathologic features include the development of NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES in neurons and the deposition of AMYLOID BETA-PROTEIN, similar to the pathology of ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p213)Tetralogy of Fallot: A combination of congenital heart defects consisting of four key features including VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECTS; PULMONARY STENOSIS; RIGHT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY; and a dextro-positioned AORTA. In this condition, blood from both ventricles (oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor) is pumped into the body often causing CYANOSIS.Fetal Heart: The heart of the fetus of any viviparous animal. It refers to the heart in the postembryonic period and is differentiated from the embryonic heart (HEART/embryology) only on the basis of time.Aortopulmonary Septal Defect: A developmental abnormality in which the spiral (aortopulmonary) septum failed to completely divide the TRUNCUS ARTERIOSUS into ASCENDING AORTA and PULMONARY ARTERY. This abnormal communication between the two major vessels usually lies above their respective valves (AORTIC VALVE; PULMONARY VALVE).Echocardiography: Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues. The standard approach is transthoracic.Cardiac Surgical Procedures: Surgery performed on the heart.Abnormalities, MultipleInfant, Newborn: An infant during the first month after birth.Atrial Septum: The thin membrane-like muscular structure separating the right and the left upper chambers (HEART ATRIA) of a heart.Mesoderm: The middle germ layer of an embryo derived from three paired mesenchymal aggregates along the neural tube.Heart: The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.Mitral Valve Insufficiency: Backflow of blood from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the LEFT ATRIUM due to imperfect closure of the MITRAL VALVE. This can lead to mitral valve regurgitation.Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21: A specific pair of GROUP G CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.Fetal Diseases: Pathophysiological conditions of the FETUS in the UTERUS. Some fetal diseases may be treated with FETAL THERAPIES.Mitral Valve: The valve between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart.Transforming Growth Factor beta2: A TGF-beta subtype that was originally identified as a GLIOBLASTOMA-derived factor which inhibits the antigen-dependent growth of both helper and CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTES. It is synthesized as a precursor molecule that is cleaved to form mature TGF-beta2 and TGF-beta2 latency-associated peptide. The association of the cleavage products results in the formation a latent protein which must be activated to bind its receptor.Heart Ventricles: The lower right and left chambers of the heart. The right ventricle pumps venous BLOOD into the LUNGS and the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic arterial circulation.Ultrasonography, Prenatal: The visualization of tissues during pregnancy through recording of the echoes of ultrasonic waves directed into the body. The procedure may be applied with reference to the mother or the fetus and with reference to organs or the detection of maternal or fetal disease.Septal Occluder Device: A CATHETER-delivered implant used for closing abnormal holes in the cardiovascular system, especially HEART SEPTAL DEFECTS; or passageways intentionally made during cardiovascular surgical procedures.Chick Embryo: The developmental entity of a fertilized chicken egg (ZYGOTE). The developmental process begins about 24 h before the egg is laid at the BLASTODISC, a small whitish spot on the surface of the EGG YOLK. After 21 days of incubation, the embryo is fully developed before hatching.Heart Atria: The chambers of the heart, to which the BLOOD returns from the circulation.Gestational Age: The age of the conceptus, beginning from the time of FERTILIZATION. In clinical obstetrics, the gestational age is often estimated as the time from the last day of the last MENSTRUATION which is about 2 weeks before OVULATION and fertilization.Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental: Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism.Pregnancy: The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.Retrospective Studies: Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.Embryology: The study of the development of an organism during the embryonic and fetal stages of life.Morphogenesis: The development of anatomical structures to create the form of a single- or multi-cell organism. Morphogenesis provides form changes of a part, parts, or the whole organism.Transforming Growth Factor beta3: A TGF-beta subtype that plays role in regulating epithelial-mesenchymal interaction during embryonic development. It is synthesized as a precursor molecule that is cleaved to form mature TGF-beta3 and TGF-beta3 latency-associated peptide. The association of the cleavage products results in the formation a latent protein which must be activated to bind its receptor.Versicans: HYALURONAN-containing proteoglycans found in the EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX of a variety of tissues and organs. Several versican isoforms exist due to multiple ALTERNATIVE SPLICING of the versican MESSENGER RNA.Reoperation: A repeat operation for the same condition in the same patient due to disease progression or recurrence, or as followup to failed previous surgery.T-Box Domain Proteins: Proteins containing a region of conserved sequence, about 200 amino acids long, which encodes a particular sequence specific DNA binding domain (the T-box domain). These proteins are transcription factors that control developmental pathways. The prototype of this family is the mouse Brachyury (or T) gene product.Treatment Outcome: Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.Cardiac Catheterization: Procedures in which placement of CARDIAC CATHETERS is performed for therapeutic or diagnostic procedures.GATA4 Transcription Factor: A GATA transcription factor that is expressed in the MYOCARDIUM of developing heart and has been implicated in the differentiation of CARDIAC MYOCYTES. GATA4 is activated by PHOSPHORYLATION and regulates transcription of cardiac-specific genes.Follow-Up Studies: Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.Myocardium: The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.In Situ Hybridization: A technique that localizes specific nucleic acid sequences within intact chromosomes, eukaryotic cells, or bacterial cells through the use of specific nucleic acid-labeled probes.Neural Crest: The two longitudinal ridges along the PRIMITIVE STREAK appearing near the end of GASTRULATION during development of nervous system (NEURULATION). The ridges are formed by folding of NEURAL PLATE. Between the ridges is a neural groove which deepens as the fold become elevated. When the folds meet at midline, the groove becomes a closed tube, the NEURAL TUBE.Echocardiography, Transesophageal: Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues using a transducer placed in the esophagus.Bone Morphogenetic Proteins: Bone-growth regulatory factors that are members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily of proteins. They are synthesized as large precursor molecules which are cleaved by proteolytic enzymes. The active form can consist of a dimer of two identical proteins or a heterodimer of two related bone morphogenetic proteins.Balloon Occlusion: Use of a balloon CATHETER to block the flow of blood through an artery or vein.Transposition of Great Vessels: A congenital cardiovascular malformation in which the AORTA arises entirely from the RIGHT VENTRICLE, and the PULMONARY ARTERY arises from the LEFT VENTRICLE. Consequently, the pulmonary and the systemic circulations are parallel and not sequential, so that the venous return from the peripheral circulation is re-circulated by the right ventricle via aorta to the systemic circulation without being oxygenated in the lungs. This is a potentially lethal form of heart disease in newborns and infants.Twist Transcription Factor: A basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that was originally identified in DROSOPHILA as essential for proper gastrulation and MESODERM formation. It plays an important role in EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT and CELL DIFFERENTIATION of MUSCLE CELLS, and is found in a wide variety of organisms.Organogenesis: Formation of differentiated cells and complicated tissue organization to provide specialized functions.Prostheses and Implants: Artificial substitutes for body parts, and materials inserted into tissue for functional, cosmetic, or therapeutic purposes. Prostheses can be functional, as in the case of artificial arms and legs, or cosmetic, as in the case of an artificial eye. Implants, all surgically inserted or grafted into the body, tend to be used therapeutically. IMPLANTS, EXPERIMENTAL is available for those used experimentally.Truncus Arteriosus, Persistent: A congenital anomaly caused by the failed development of TRUNCUS ARTERIOSUS into separate AORTA and PULMONARY ARTERY. It is characterized by a single arterial trunk that forms the outlet for both HEART VENTRICLES and gives rise to the systemic, pulmonary, and coronary arteries. It is always accompanied by a ventricular septal defect.Pulmonary Atresia: A congenital heart defect characterized by the narrowing or complete absence of the opening between the RIGHT VENTRICLE and the PULMONARY ARTERY. Lacking a normal PULMONARY VALVE, unoxygenated blood in the right ventricle can not be effectively pumped into the lung for oxygenation. Clinical features include rapid breathing, CYANOSIS, right ventricle atrophy, and abnormal heart sounds (HEART MURMURS).Echocardiography, Doppler, Color: Echocardiography applying the Doppler effect, with the superposition of flow information as colors on a gray scale in a real-time image.Embryo, Mammalian: The entity of a developing mammal (MAMMALS), generally from the cleavage of a ZYGOTE to the end of embryonic differentiation of basic structures. For the human embryo, this represents the first two months of intrauterine development preceding the stages of the FETUS.Embryonic and Fetal Development: Morphological and physiological development of EMBRYOS or FETUSES.Pericardium: A conical fibro-serous sac surrounding the HEART and the roots of the great vessels (AORTA; VENAE CAVAE; PULMONARY ARTERY). Pericardium consists of two sacs: the outer fibrous pericardium and the inner serous pericardium. The latter consists of an outer parietal layer facing the fibrous pericardium, and an inner visceral layer (epicardium) resting next to the heart, and a pericardial cavity between these two layers.Prosthesis Implantation: Surgical insertion of a prosthesis.Pulmonary Valve Stenosis: The pathologic narrowing of the orifice of the PULMONARY VALVE. This lesion restricts blood outflow from the RIGHT VENTRICLE to the PULMONARY ARTERY. When the trileaflet valve is fused into an imperforate membrane, the blockage is complete.Mice, Knockout: Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.Transforming Growth Factor beta: A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins.Heart Injuries: General or unspecified injuries to the heart.Time Factors: Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.Tricuspid Valve: The valve consisting of three cusps situated between the right atrium and right ventricle of the heart.Heart Aneurysm: A localized bulging or dilatation in the muscle wall of a heart (MYOCARDIUM), usually in the LEFT VENTRICLE. Blood-filled aneurysms are dangerous because they may burst. Fibrous aneurysms interfere with the heart function through the loss of contractility. True aneurysm is bound by the vessel wall or cardiac wall. False aneurysms are HEMATOMA caused by myocardial rupture.Cell Differentiation: Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.Pulmonary Artery: The short wide vessel arising from the conus arteriosus of the right ventricle and conveying unaerated blood to the lungs.Aortic Stenosis, Subvalvular: A pathological constriction occurring in the region below the AORTIC VALVE. It is characterized by restricted outflow from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the AORTA.Pulmonary Subvalvular Stenosis: Narrowing below the PULMONARY VALVE or well below it in the infundibuluar chamber where the pulmonary artery originates, usually caused by a defective VENTRICULAR SEPTUM or presence of fibrous tissues. It is characterized by restricted blood outflow from the RIGHT VENTRICLE into the PULMONARY ARTERY, exertional fatigue, DYSPNEA, and chest discomfort.Ventricular Septal Rupture: Laceration or tearing of the VENTRICULAR SEPTUM, usually caused by MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.Aortic Coarctation: A birth defect characterized by the narrowing of the AORTA that can be of varying degree and at any point from the transverse arch to the iliac bifurcation. Aortic coarctation causes arterial HYPERTENSION before the point of narrowing and arterial HYPOTENSION beyond the narrowed portion.Wheelchairs: Chairs mounted on wheels and designed to be propelled by the occupant.Cell Movement: The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.Angiocardiography: Radiography of the heart and great vessels after injection of a contrast medium.Transcription Factors: Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.Endothelium: A layer of epithelium that lines the heart, blood vessels (ENDOTHELIUM, VASCULAR), lymph vessels (ENDOTHELIUM, LYMPHATIC), and the serous cavities of the body.Mice, Transgenic: Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures: Surgery performed on the heart or blood vessels.Double Outlet Right Ventricle: Incomplete transposition of the great vessels in which both the AORTA and the PULMONARY ARTERY arise from the RIGHT VENTRICLE. The only outlet of the LEFT VENTRICLE is a large ventricular septal defect (VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECTS or VSD). The various subtypes are classified by the location of the septal defect, such as subaortic, subpulmonary, or noncommitted.Caryophyllaceae: A plant family of the order Caryophyllales, subclass Caryophyllidae, class Magnoliopsida. The species are diverse in appearance and habitat; most have swollen leaf and stem joints.Cardiovascular Abnormalities: Congenital, inherited, or acquired anomalies of the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM, including the HEART and BLOOD VESSELS.Extracellular Matrix Proteins: Macromolecular organic compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and usually, sulfur. These macromolecules (proteins) form an intricate meshwork in which cells are embedded to construct tissues. Variations in the relative types of macromolecules and their organization determine the type of extracellular matrix, each adapted to the functional requirements of the tissue. The two main classes of macromolecules that form the extracellular matrix are: glycosaminoglycans, usually linked to proteins (proteoglycans), and fibrous proteins (e.g., COLLAGEN; ELASTIN; FIBRONECTINS; and LAMININ).Cell Proliferation: All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION.Extracellular Matrix: A meshwork-like substance found within the extracellular space and in association with the basement membrane of the cell surface. It promotes cellular proliferation and provides a supporting structure to which cells or cell lysates in culture dishes adhere.Signal Transduction: The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.Immunohistochemistry: Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.Base Sequence: The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.Epithelium: One or more layers of EPITHELIAL CELLS, supported by the basal lamina, which covers the inner or outer surfaces of the body.Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.DNA Primers: Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.Ductus Arteriosus, Patent: A congenital heart defect characterized by the persistent opening of fetal DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS that connects the PULMONARY ARTERY to the descending aorta (AORTA, DESCENDING) allowing unoxygenated blood to bypass the lung and flow to the PLACENTA. Normally, the ductus is closed shortly after birth.Ebstein Anomaly: A congenital heart defect characterized by downward or apical displacement of the TRICUSPID VALVE, usually with the septal and posterior leaflets being attached to the wall of the RIGHT VENTRICLE. It is characterized by a huge RIGHT ATRIUM and a small and less effective right ventricle.
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth Care
Heart Septal DefectsEndocardial CushionsHeart Septal Defects, VentricularEndocardial Cushion DefectsHeart Septal Defects, AtrialHeart ValvesHeart Defects, CongenitalHeart SeptumEndocardiumDown SyndromeTetralogy of FallotFetal HeartAortopulmonary Septal DefectEchocardiographyCardiac Surgical ProceduresAbnormalities, MultipleInfant, NewbornAtrial SeptumMesodermHeartMitral Valve InsufficiencyChromosomes, Human, Pair 21Fetal DiseasesMitral ValveTransforming Growth Factor beta2Heart VentriclesUltrasonography, PrenatalSeptal Occluder DeviceChick EmbryoHeart AtriaGestational AgeGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalPregnancyRetrospective StudiesEmbryologyMorphogenesisTransforming Growth Factor beta3VersicansReoperationT-Box Domain ProteinsTreatment OutcomeCardiac CatheterizationGATA4 Transcription FactorFollow-Up StudiesMyocardiumIn Situ HybridizationNeural CrestEchocardiography, TransesophagealBone Morphogenetic ProteinsBalloon OcclusionTransposition of Great VesselsTwist Transcription FactorOrganogenesisProstheses and ImplantsTruncus Arteriosus, PersistentPulmonary AtresiaEchocardiography, Doppler, ColorEmbryo, MammalianEmbryonic and Fetal DevelopmentPericardiumProsthesis ImplantationPulmonary Valve StenosisMice, KnockoutTransforming Growth Factor betaHeart InjuriesTime FactorsTricuspid ValveHeart AneurysmCell DifferentiationPulmonary ArteryAortic Stenosis, SubvalvularPulmonary Subvalvular StenosisVentricular Septal RuptureAortic CoarctationWheelchairsCell MovementAngiocardiographyTranscription FactorsEndotheliumMice, TransgenicCardiovascular Surgical ProceduresDouble Outlet Right VentricleCaryophyllaceaeCardiovascular AbnormalitiesExtracellular Matrix ProteinsCell ProliferationExtracellular MatrixSignal TransductionImmunohistochemistryBase SequenceEpitheliumMolecular Sequence DataDNA PrimersDuctus Arteriosus, PatentEbstein Anomaly
Atrioventricular septumAtrioventricular septum
Incomplete formation of the endocardial cushions can lead to atrioventricular septal defects, such as an ostium primum defect ... It is formed by the union of the dorsal AV cushion and ventral AV cushion. This septum divides the atrioventricular canal. In ... "Yale: Congenital Heart Disease: AV septal defects". Archived from the original on 2009-06-07. Retrieved 2009-10-11. Phelps CM, ... left atrial isomerism in the defect of partial atrioventricular septum". Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc. 22 (1): 125-6. PMID 17992316 ...
GATA4GATA4
... the GATA4 transcription factor could be responsible for AV cushion defects in humans with improper septal formation leading to ... formation and function. Endocardial cells undergo epithelial to mesenchymal transitions (EMT) into the AV cushions during ... GATA4 expression during cardiac development has been shown to be essential to proper atrioventricular (AV) ... Mutations in this gene have been associated with cardiac septal defects as well as reproductive defects. GATA4 is a critical ...
Protein signalling in heart developmentProtein signalling in heart development
Defects in producing the AV septum produces atrioventricular septal defects, including a persistent AV canal and tricuspid ... Proper positioning and function of the valves is critical for chamber formation and proper blood flow. The endocardial cushion ... and leads to sided expression of Pitx2. Looping also depends on heart specific proteins activated by Nkx2.5 such as Hand1, ... Defects in this process is known as aortopulmonary septal defect, and causes persistent truncus arteriosus, unequal division of ...
TBX2TBX2
"Tbx2 and Tbx3 induce atrioventricular myocardial development and endocardial cushion formation". Cellular and Molecular Life ... various ventricular-septal defects, and skeletal abnormalities. Some specific abnormalities are discussed further below. During ... It is known to be over-expressed in this group of cancers, altering cell-signaling pathways leading to tumorigenesis. Several ... atrioventricular nodal phenotype, and atrioventricular cushion. Finally, during anterior brain development, BMP stimulates the ...
Congenital heart defectCongenital heart defect
Notch signaling is involved early in the formation of the endocardial cushions and continues to be active as the develop into ... and atrioventricular septal defects. Terminology[edit]. Congenital heart defects are known by a number of names including ... Congenital heart defects are the leading cause of birth defect-related deaths.[3] In 2015 they resulted in 303,300 deaths down ... L - Limb defects. Ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defects, and tetralogy of Fallot are the most common ...
Congenital heart defectCongenital heart defect
Notch signaling is involved early in the formation of the endocardial cushions and continues to be active as the develop into ... and atrioventricular septal defects. ... Congenital heart defects are the leading cause of birth defect- ... L - Limb defects. Ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defects, and tetralogy of Fallot are the most common ... Septal defectsEdit. The septum is a wall of tissue which separates the left heart from the right heart. Defects in the ...
Congenital heart defectCongenital heart defect
Notch signaling is involved early in the formation of the endocardial cushions and continues to be active as the develop into ... Aortic stenosis Atrial septal defect (ASD) Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) Bicuspid aortic valve Cardiomyopathy Complete ... Congenital heart defects are the leading cause of birth defect-related deaths. In 2015 they resulted in 303,300 deaths down ... Limb defects Ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defects, and tetralogy of Fallot are the most common congenital ...
Notch signaling pathwayNotch signaling pathway
AV boundary formation Notch signaling can regulate the atrioventricular boundary formation between the AV canal and the chamber ... and ventricular septal defects. During development of the aortic arch and the aortic arch arteries, the Notch receptors, ... ventricular development by its expression in the interventricular septum and the endocardial cells of the cardiac cushions. ... Similarly, in humans, the following mutations have been seen to lead to development of spondylocostal dysostosis: DLL3, LFNG, ...
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth Care
Heart Septal DefectsEndocardial CushionsHeart Septal Defects, VentricularEndocardial Cushion DefectsHeart Septal Defects, AtrialHeart ValvesHeart Defects, CongenitalHeart SeptumEndocardiumDown SyndromeTetralogy of FallotFetal HeartAortopulmonary Septal DefectEchocardiographyCardiac Surgical ProceduresAbnormalities, MultipleInfant, NewbornAtrial SeptumMesodermHeartMitral Valve InsufficiencyChromosomes, Human, Pair 21Fetal DiseasesMitral ValveTransforming Growth Factor beta2Heart VentriclesUltrasonography, PrenatalSeptal Occluder DeviceChick EmbryoHeart AtriaGestational AgeGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalPregnancyRetrospective StudiesEmbryologyMorphogenesisTransforming Growth Factor beta3VersicansReoperationT-Box Domain ProteinsTreatment OutcomeCardiac CatheterizationGATA4 Transcription FactorFollow-Up StudiesMyocardiumIn Situ HybridizationNeural CrestEchocardiography, TransesophagealBone Morphogenetic ProteinsBalloon OcclusionTransposition of Great VesselsTwist Transcription FactorOrganogenesisProstheses and ImplantsTruncus Arteriosus, PersistentPulmonary AtresiaEchocardiography, Doppler, ColorEmbryo, MammalianEmbryonic and Fetal DevelopmentPericardiumProsthesis ImplantationPulmonary Valve StenosisMice, KnockoutTransforming Growth Factor betaHeart InjuriesTime FactorsTricuspid ValveHeart AneurysmCell DifferentiationPulmonary ArteryAortic Stenosis, SubvalvularPulmonary Subvalvular StenosisVentricular Septal RuptureAortic CoarctationWheelchairsCell MovementAngiocardiographyTranscription FactorsEndotheliumMice, TransgenicCardiovascular Surgical ProceduresDouble Outlet Right VentricleCaryophyllaceaeCardiovascular AbnormalitiesExtracellular Matrix ProteinsCell ProliferationExtracellular MatrixSignal TransductionImmunohistochemistryBase SequenceEpitheliumMolecular Sequence DataDNA PrimersDuctus Arteriosus, PatentEbstein Anomaly
Atrioventricular septum - WikipediaAtrioventricular septum - Wikipedia
Incomplete formation of the endocardial cushions can lead to atrioventricular septal defects, such as an ostium primum defect ... It is formed by the union of the dorsal AV cushion and ventral AV cushion. This septum divides the atrioventricular canal. In ... "Yale: Congenital Heart Disease: AV septal defects". Archived from the original on 2009-06-07. Retrieved 2009-10-11. Phelps CM, ... left atrial isomerism in the defect of partial atrioventricular septum". Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc. 22 (1): 125-6. PMID 17992316 ...
en.wikipedia.org
Altered expression of mitochondrial and extracellular matrix genes in the heart of human fetuses with chromosome 21 trisomy |...Altered expression of mitochondrial and extracellular matrix genes in the heart of human fetuses with chromosome 21 trisomy |...
These alterations might be harbingers of the heart defects associated with Hsa21 trisomy, which could be based on elusive ... There were no significant differences between trisomic fetuses with and without heart defects. We conclude that dosage- ... It is associated mostly with endocardial cushion defects [2, 3], the most frequent being atrioventricular canal defects (AVCD) ... Heart defects: TB9, Fallots trilogy; TB33, Ventricular Septal Defect; TB55 Atrio-Ventricular Canal Defect; TB22 and TB57, ...
bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com
GATA4 - WikipediaGATA4 - Wikipedia
... the GATA4 transcription factor could be responsible for AV cushion defects in humans with improper septal formation leading to ... formation and function. Endocardial cells undergo epithelial to mesenchymal transitions (EMT) into the AV cushions during ... GATA4 expression during cardiac development has been shown to be essential to proper atrioventricular (AV) ... Mutations in this gene have been associated with cardiac septal defects as well as reproductive defects. GATA4 is a critical ...
en.wikipedia.org
Protocols and Video Articles Authored by Yuji Mishina (Translated to Hindi)Protocols and Video Articles Authored by Yuji Mishina (Translated to Hindi)
Alk3 CKO embryos also displayed defects in atrioventricular canal (AVC) endocardial cushion formation in the heart. ... including defects in eye formation, body wall closure defects, and ventricular septal defects (VSD) in the heart. However, the ... The nephron components are lost by massive apoptosis within 3 weeks after birth, leading to formation of a large hollow with a ... Aug, 2005 , Pubmed ID: 16037571 Endocardial cushions are precursors of mature atrioventricular (AV) valves. Their formation is ...
jove.com
Down Syndrome Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination, ComplicationsDown Syndrome Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination, Complications
Endocardial cushion defect (43%), which results in atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD)/AV canal defect ... Mutations in this transcription factor lead to a truncated mutant protein, GATA1short or GATA1s. [41, 42] This preleukemia is ... abscess formation, and recurrent skin infections are observed. [28, 29] Distal axial triradius in the palms, transverse palmar ... atrial septal defect, and pulmonic stenosis (9%). About 70% of all endocardial cushion defects are associated with Down ...
emedicine.medscape.com
Muscleblind-like 1 is required for normal heart valve development in vivoMuscleblind-like 1 is required for normal heart valve development in vivo
... the valves and septa of the heart depends on the formation and remodeling of the endocardial cushions in the atrioventricular ... Mbnl1(∆E3/∆E3) mice also have a high incidence of ostium secundum septal defects accompanied by atrial communication, but do ... the loss of MBNL1 promotes precocious TGFβ signaling and EMT in the endocardial cushions. Surprisingly, this does not lead to ... Here, we investigate the role of MBNL1 in endocardial cushion development and valvulogenesis in Mbnl1(∆E3/∆E3) mice, which are ...
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
JCI - Developmental SHP2 dysfunction underlies cardiac hypertrophy in Noonan syndrome with multiple lentiginesJCI - Developmental SHP2 dysfunction underlies cardiac hypertrophy in Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines
... and ventricular septal defect (VSD) (10, 11). Similarly, Foxp1-/- embryos develop severe defects in OFT and cardiac cushion ... Atrioventricular endocardial cushion cells were identified by morphology and MF20 negativity. Images from immunohistochemical ... during ventricular chamber formation, both FOXP1 and NOTCH1 expression in the endocardium lead to paracrine production of FGFs ... rescuing the endocardial cushion defects (53). Interestingly, and despite the fact that the cardiac defects in NS mice (50), as ...
jci.org
Ostium Secundum Atrial Septal Defects: Background, Pathophysiology, PrognosisOstium Secundum Atrial Septal Defects: Background, Pathophysiology, Prognosis
An ostium secundum atrial septal defect is an abnormally large opening in the atrial septum at the site of the foramen ovale ... which is later divided by the superior and inferior endocardial cushions. These cushions fuse and bend with their convexity ... A secundum atrial septal defect can result from inadequate formation of the septum secundum so that it does not completely ... Defects of the atrial septum, including the atrioventricular canal. Garson A, Bricker JT, Fisher, DJ, Neish, SR eds. The ...
emedicine.medscape.com
JoVE | Peer Reviewed Scientific Video Journal - Methods and ProtocolsJoVE | Peer Reviewed Scientific Video Journal - Methods and Protocols
Pre-EMT endocardial cells can be cultured with or without the myocardium. Post-EMT AV cushion mesenchymal cells can be cultured ... Proper formation and function of embryonic heart valves is critical for developmental progression. The early embryonic heart is ... Testing the fate of embryonic or pluripotent stem cell-derivatives in in vitro protocols has led to controversial outcomes that ... The myocardium secretes cardiac jelly, a hyaluronan-rich gelatinous matrix, into the atrioventricular (AV) junction and outflow ...
jove.com
Community Academic Profiles - Faculty & Researchers - Stanford MedicineCommunity Academic Profiles - Faculty & Researchers - Stanford Medicine
Atrioventricular (AV) septal defects resulting from aberrant endocardial cushion (EC) formation are observed at increased rates ... These models led to rapidly fatal disease in recipient immunodeficient xenografted mice. LSC activity was identified in ... Elevated glucose inhibits VEGF-A-mediated endocardial cushion formation: modulation by PECAM-1 and MMP-2 JOURNAL OF CELL ... EC formation occurs via an epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT), involving transformation of endocardial cells into ...
med.stanford.edu
GATA4 - wikidocGATA4 - wikidoc
... the GATA4 transcription factor could be responsible for AV cushion defects in humans with improper septal formation leading to ... formation and function.[9] Endocardial cells undergo epithelial to mesenchymal transitions (EMT) into the AV cushions during ... Atrioventricular valve formation. GATA4 expression during cardiac development has been shown to be essential to proper ... Atrial septal defects, tetralogy of Fallot, and ventricular septal defects associated with GATA4 mutation were also seen in ...
es.wikidoc.org
WEEK 1 Flashcards by Emma Wilson | BrainscapeWEEK 1 Flashcards by Emma Wilson | Brainscape
Endocardial cushions form left & right ridges in the conus. An extension of the inferior atrio-ventricular cushion will ... What are the 4 elements of the formation of the IV septum that make defects more possible? ... What are the types of Ventriculo-septal Defects? Who are they most common in? ... 4 on the limb : ones an "earth", used to remove background noise noise & the other 3 are used to create virtual "leads" between ...
brainscape.com
Atrial Septal Defects - Renal and Urology NewsAtrial Septal Defects - Renal and Urology News
... septal defects (AV canal defects or endocardial cushion defects) rather than with ASDs. ... The most common sign leading to the diagnosis of an atrial septal defect (ASD) is a heart murmur. Typically, in childhood there ... The primitive heart develops to form two atria through the formation of the two different septa, the septum secundum and the ... In some classification systems, an ostium primum ASD is included with atrioventricular (AV) ...
renalandurologynews.com
A Novel APJ Signaling Cascade That Regulates Cardiovascular Development | Circulation ResearchA Novel APJ Signaling Cascade That Regulates Cardiovascular Development | Circulation Research
... when it plays an important role in atrioventricular cushion formation, and KLF2−/− embryos display cardiac defects similar to ... including ventricular septal defects.. In the developing heart, APJ is predominantly, but not exclusively, expressed in the ... A, Canonical apelin-dependent APJ signaling via Gαi and Gαq leads to the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and ... Given the predominant endothelial and endocardial expression of APJ, Kang et al14 focused their attention on endothelial cell ...
circres.ahajournals.org
Elevated glucose inhibits VEGF-A-mediated endocardial cushion formation | JCBElevated glucose inhibits VEGF-A-mediated endocardial cushion formation | JCB
Defects resulting from aberrant endocardial cushion (EC)* formation, such as atrioventricular (AV) septal defects, are strongly ... Hyperglycemia, like hypoxia, can lead to increased VEGF-A production in adult vascular cells (Natarajan et al., 1997); however ... Atrioventricular (AV) septal defects resulting from aberrant endocardial cushion (EC) formation are observed at increased rates ... A novel role for VEGF in endocardial cushion formation and its potential contribution to congenital heart defects. Development. ...
jcb.rupress.org
Difference between revisions of A - EmbryologyDifference between revisions of "A" - Embryology
Acronym for atrial septal defect, a developmental defect in the formation of the dividing septum between the two atria of the ... An opening remains as the foramen primum (ostium primum). The septum primum fuses with endocardial cushion, but cranially had ... Failure of anterior neuropore to close leads to the neural tube defect (NTD) anencephaly.. (More? Neural System Development , ... atrioventricular junction. (AVJ) The heart (cardiac) region lying between the two atria and the two ventricles. In the mature ...
embryology.med.unsw.edu.au
Heart: ventricular septal defect in cats | Vetlexicon Felis from Vetstream | Definitive Veterinary IntelligenceHeart: ventricular septal defect in cats | Vetlexicon Felis from Vetstream | Definitive Veterinary Intelligence
... ventricular septal defect in cats including diagnosis and symptoms, pathogenesis, prevention, treatment, prognosis and more. ... atrioventricular valve defect producing common atrioventricular canal (endocardial cushion defect).. *Cause: congenital ... Large shunt with significant pulmonary overcirculation leading to pulmonary vascular changes then pulmonary hypertension which ... abnormality, resulting from anomalous formation of cardiac septa.. *Signs: vary from asymptomatic murmur to severe congestive ...
vetstream.com
Transitions in Early Embryonic Atrioventricular Valvular Function Correspond With Changes in Cushion Biomechanics That Are...Transitions in Early Embryonic Atrioventricular Valvular Function Correspond With Changes in Cushion Biomechanics That Are...
Prevalence and development of additional cardiac abnormalities in 1448 patients with congenital ventricular septal defects. ... The development of the atrioventricular (AV) and semilunar valves of the heart from the endocardial cushions occurs ... Bone morphogenetic protein-2 can mediate myocardial regulation of atrioventricular cushion mesenchymal cell formation in mice. ... Extraembryonic venous obstructions lead to cardiovascular malformations and can be embryolethal. Cardiovasc Res. 1999; 41: 87- ...
circres.ahajournals.org
Characterization and physiological role of 17 [alpha], 20 [beta]-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one steroid receptor activity in the...Characterization and physiological role of 17 [alpha], 20 [beta]-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one steroid receptor activity in the...
... during early heart development and endocardial cushion morphogenesis (ECs), a step in valve formation. Mutations in cardiac ... have been associated with different cardiac abnormalities in humans including dilated cardiomyopathy and septal defects. ... Shear stress at the atrioventricular canal (AVC) from blood flow has been implicated in valvulogenesis in zebrafish. In this ... Characterization of this mutant has led to the identification of a role for actc1a during zebrafish valvulogenesis, which is ...
research.library.mun.ca
Pediatric Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) - Diagnosis and TreatmentPediatric Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) - Diagnosis and Treatment
Ventricular Septal Defect is a heart condition that is prevalent in children, where the walls of the heart chambers do not ... The last type of VSD is known as posterior or endocardial cushion VSD. The atrioventricular node might be involved with this ... The first pathologic consequence of a ventricular septal defect is the formation of a left-to-right shunt. This is associated ... If the hole is close to the arterial valves, it is called a subarterial infundibular defect. This type of VSD usually leads to ...
lecturio.com
Pathology Flashcards by John DeWaard | BrainscapePathology Flashcards by John DeWaard | Brainscape
Atrial Septal Defect. *Ventricular Septal Defect. *Patent Ductus Arteriosus. *Atrioventricular Septum Defect ... Caused by abnormal development of AV canal, due to failure of the superior and inferior endocardial cushion to fuse ... Leading to ESRD occurs in about 40% of diabetics. *Usually w/ glomerular disease leading to proteinuria, +/- nephrotic syndrome ... Formation of crests *Accumulations of proliferating glomerular epithelial cells (mainly parietal), and infiltrating leukocytes ...
brainscape.com
Congenital heart defect - WikipediaCongenital heart defect - Wikipedia
Notch signaling is involved early in the formation of the endocardial cushions and continues to be active as the develop into ... and atrioventricular septal defects. Terminology[edit]. Congenital heart defects are known by a number of names including ... Congenital heart defects are the leading cause of birth defect-related deaths.[3] In 2015 they resulted in 303,300 deaths down ... L - Limb defects. Ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defects, and tetralogy of Fallot are the most common ...
en.wikipedia.org
A null mutation of Hhex results in abnormal cardiac development, defective vasculogenesis and elevated Vegfa levels |...A null mutation of Hhex results in abnormal cardiac development, defective vasculogenesis and elevated Vegfa levels |...
... overabundant endocardial cushions accompanied by ventricular septal defects, outflow tract abnormalities and atrio-ventricular ... 1F). In addition, there were several defects present that are associated with abnormalities of endocardial cushion formation ... Hellstrom, M., Gerhardt, H., Kalen, M., Li, X., Eriksson, U., Wolburg,H. and Betsholtz, C. (2001). Lack of pericytes leads to ... Atrio-ventricular canal endocardial cushion explant culture. Atrio-ventricular (AV) explant cultures were performed as ...
dev.biologists.org
Anatomy, Thorax, Heart and Pericardial Cavity Article - StatPearlsAnatomy, Thorax, Heart and Pericardial Cavity Article - StatPearls
... the endocardial cushions also play a significant role in valve formation. By week 7, the formation of a foramen secundum and a ... The malalignment leads to pulmonary stenosis, an overriding aorta, a ventricular septal defect and right ventricular ... Further separation occurs due to the growth of endocardial cushions, which develop on the atrioventricular canal. While vital ... Ventricular septal defects are the most common congenital cardiac anomaly. They often occur within the membranous portion of ...
statpearls.com
Development of the Heart Flashcards by cate Kananen | BrainscapeDevelopment of the Heart Flashcards by cate Kananen | Brainscape
atrial septal defects can involve a persistent ostium secondum, common atrium, defect in endocardial cushions, defect involving ... leads to hypertrophy of the right atrium and ventricle and hypotrophy of left chambers; patient typically dies shortly after ... improper formation of the tricuspid valve where the valves partially fuse to the ventricular wall, right ventricle becomes ... the endocardial cushions between the atria and ventricle work to partition the atria, atrioventricular canals and ...
m.brainscape.com
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth Care
Heart Septal DefectsEndocardial CushionsHeart Septal Defects, VentricularEndocardial Cushion DefectsHeart Septal Defects, AtrialHeart ValvesHeart Defects, CongenitalHeart SeptumEndocardiumDown SyndromeTetralogy of FallotFetal HeartAortopulmonary Septal DefectEchocardiographyCardiac Surgical ProceduresAbnormalities, MultipleInfant, NewbornAtrial SeptumMesodermHeartMitral Valve InsufficiencyChromosomes, Human, Pair 21Fetal DiseasesMitral ValveTransforming Growth Factor beta2Heart VentriclesUltrasonography, PrenatalSeptal Occluder DeviceChick EmbryoHeart AtriaGestational AgeGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalPregnancyRetrospective StudiesEmbryologyMorphogenesisTransforming Growth Factor beta3VersicansReoperationT-Box Domain ProteinsTreatment OutcomeCardiac CatheterizationGATA4 Transcription FactorFollow-Up StudiesMyocardiumIn Situ HybridizationNeural CrestEchocardiography, TransesophagealBone Morphogenetic ProteinsBalloon OcclusionTransposition of Great VesselsTwist Transcription FactorOrganogenesisProstheses and ImplantsTruncus Arteriosus, PersistentPulmonary AtresiaEchocardiography, Doppler, ColorEmbryo, MammalianEmbryonic and Fetal DevelopmentPericardiumProsthesis ImplantationPulmonary Valve StenosisMice, KnockoutTransforming Growth Factor betaHeart InjuriesTime FactorsTricuspid ValveHeart AneurysmCell DifferentiationPulmonary ArteryAortic Stenosis, SubvalvularPulmonary Subvalvular StenosisVentricular Septal RuptureAortic CoarctationWheelchairsCell MovementAngiocardiographyTranscription FactorsEndotheliumMice, TransgenicCardiovascular Surgical ProceduresDouble Outlet Right VentricleCaryophyllaceaeCardiovascular AbnormalitiesExtracellular Matrix ProteinsCell ProliferationExtracellular MatrixSignal TransductionImmunohistochemistryBase SequenceEpitheliumMolecular Sequence DataDNA PrimersDuctus Arteriosus, PatentEbstein Anomaly
Congenital Heart DOutflowComplete atrioventricular septalSecundum atrial septalValvesTetralogyAtrial septumLeft ventricleMyocardiumAbnormalitiesNeuralMorphogenesisGATA4EndothelialVentricular septumCommon congenitalExtracellular matrixInterventricularEmbryosAnomaliesOstium primumMesenchymalOccursCanal defectTricuspid valveFetal HeartShaped Septum Primum growsAberrantDiagnosisInferiorConductionAnatomicAortaAorticSyndromePulmonaryRight atriumGeneAVSDBirth defectsHeart defectValve formationMitralInferiorlyPosteriorStructuresSeptum primum
Congenital Heart D9
Outflow11
Complete atrioventricular septal5
Secundum atrial septal6
Valves25
Tetralogy3
Atrial septum2
Left ventricle6
Myocardium2
  • ALK3 was specifically required at mid-gestation for normal development of the trabeculae, compact myocardium, interventricular septum, and endocardial cushion. (jove.com)
  • 5 These observations raise no controversy with respect to current understanding of transitions that occur structurally and molecularly in the myocardium during early tube heart development, but raise major questions with respect to the mechanism through which endocardial cushions function in promoting unidirectional blood flow during the transition from tubular heart to a septated structure. (ahajournals.org)
Abnormalities5
Neural4
Morphogenesis4
GATA413
Endothelial4
Ventricular septum3
Common congenital2
Extracellular matrix2
Interventricular1
Embryos6
Anomalies1
  • Fetuses at high risk for birth defects or with obvious sonographic anomalies were recruited at the Prenatal Diagnosis Center and Ultrasonic Diagnosis Center. (ijbs.com)
Ostium primum3
Mesenchymal3
Occurs4
Canal defect4
Tricuspid valve1
Fetal Heart1
Shaped Septum Primum grows1
Aberrant2
Diagnosis2
Inferior3
Conduction5
Anatomic2
Aorta1
Aortic3
Syndrome6
Pulmonary5
Right atrium1
  • Finally, there is a rare defect called coronary sinus ASD, which is a failure of development of the separation of the coronary sinus from the left atrium, which allows left atrial blood to enter the right atrium through the orifice of the coronary sinus. (renalandurologynews.com)
Gene2
  • It was also found that Gata1, an erythroid master regulator gene, is required for neutrophil formation during primitive hematopoiesis in the zebrafish. (mun.ca)
  • Precise expression of heart genes is critical in specific events of cardiogenesis, and thus dysregulated gene expression can lead to a variety of heart defects ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
AVSD1
Birth defects4
Heart defect8
Valve formation1
Mitral1
Inferiorly1
Posterior1
Structures3
Septum primum5