Foot
Restraint, Physical
Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous
Linear IgA Bullous Dermatosis
Sweet Syndrome
Dermatitis, Occupational
Haploinsufficiency
Diabetic Foot
Leg Dermatoses
Halorubrum
Foot Ulcer
Erythema
Pyoderma Gangrenosum
Haptoglobins
Gonadoblastoma
Hyperpigmentation
Neurodermatitis
Dapsone
Foot Bones
Pruritus
Purpura
Hypopigmentation
Acantholysis
Eczema
Lichen Planus
Foot Joints
Dermatitis, Exfoliative
Skin Care
Dermatitis Herpetiformis
Skin Diseases, Papulosquamous
Keratolytic Agents
Patch Tests
Scabies
Skin
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact
Paraneoplastic Syndromes
Chemexfoliation
Parapsoriasis
Hair Preparations
Acitretin
Agricultural Workers' Diseases
Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct
Dermatitis, Atopic
Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus
Ultraviolet Therapy
Skin Diseases, Genetic
Rosacea
Acrodermatitis
Pemphigoid, Bullous
Acanthosis Nigricans
Pemphigoid Gestationis
Dermatitis, Contact
Double blind, randomised study of continuous terbinafine compared with intermittent itraconazole in treatment of toenail onychomycosis. The LION Study Group. (1/176)
OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of continuous terbinafine with intermittent itraconazole in the treatment of toenail onychomycosis. DESIGN: Prospective, randomised, double blind, double dummy, multicentre, parallel group study lasting 72 weeks. SETTING: 35 centres in six European countries. SUBJECTS: 496 patients aged 18 to 75 years with a clinical and mycological diagnosis of dermatophyte onychomycosis of the toenail. INTERVENTIONS: Study patients were randomly divided into four parallel groups to receive either terbinafine 250 mg a day for 12 or 16 weeks (groups T12 and T16) or itraconazole 400 mg a day for 1 week in every 4 weeks for 12 or 16 weeks (groups I3 and I4). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Assessment of primary efficacy at week 72 was mycological cure, defined as negative results on microscopy and culture of samples from the target toenail. RESULTS: At week 72 the mycological cure rates were 75.7% (81/107) in the T12 group and 80. 8% (80/99) in the T16 group compared with 38.3% (41/107) in the I3 group and 49.1 % (53/108) in the I4 group. All comparisons (T12 v I3, T12 v I4, T16 v I3, T16 v I4) showed significantly higher cure rates in the terbinafine groups (all P<0.0001). Also, all secondary clinical outcome measures were significantly in favour of terbinafine at week 72. There were no differences in the number or type of adverse events recorded in the terbinafine or itraconazole groups. CONCLUSION: Continuous terbinafine is significantly more effective than intermittent itraconazole in the treatment of patients with toenail onychomycosis. (+info)N-terminal deletion in a desmosomal cadherin causes the autosomal dominant skin disease striate palmoplantar keratoderma. (2/176)
The N-terminal extracellular domain of the cadherins, calcium-dependent cell adhesion molecules, has been shown by X-ray crystallography to be involved in two types of interaction: lateral strand dimers and adhesive dimers. Here we describe the first human mutation in a cadherin present in desmosome cell junctions that removes a portion of this highly conserved first extracellular domain. The mutation, in the DSG1 gene coding for a desmoglein (Dsg1), results in the deletion of the first and much of the second beta-strand of the first cadherin repeat and part of the first Ca2+-binding site, and would be expected to compromise strand dimer formation. It causes a dominantly inherited skin disease, striate palmoplantar keratoderma (SPPK), mapping to chromosome 18q12.1, in which affected individuals have marked hyperkeratotic bands on the palms and soles. In a three generation Dutch family with SPPK, we have found a G-->A transition in the 3" splice acceptor site of intron 2 of the DSG1 gene which segregated with the disease phenotype. This causes aberrant splicing of exon 2 to exon 4, which are in-frame, with the consequent removal of exon 3 encoding part of the prosequence, the mature protein cleavage site and part of the first extracellular domain. This mutation emphasizes the importance of this part of the molecule for cadherin function, and of the Dsg1 protein and hence desmosomes in epidermal function. (+info)Treatment of toenail onychomycosis with 2% butenafine and 5% Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil in cream. (3/176)
The prevalence of onychomycosis, a superficial fungal infection that destroys the entire nail unit, is rising, with no satisfactory cure. The objective of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to examine the clinical efficacy and tolerability of 2% butenafine hydrochloride and 5% Melaleuca alternifolia oil incorporated in a cream to manage toenail onychomycosis in a cohort. Sixty outpatients (39 M, 21 F) aged 18-80 years (mean 29.6) with 6-36 months duration of disease were randomized to two groups (40 and 20), active and placebo. After 16 weeks, 80% of patients using medicated cream were cured, as opposed to none in the placebo group. Four patients in the active treatment group experienced subjective mild inflammation without discontinuing treatment. During follow-up, no relapse occurred in cured patients and no improvement was seen in medication-resistant and placebo participants. (+info)Systematic review of topical treatments for fungal infections of the skin and nails of the feet. (4/176)
OBJECTIVE: To identify and synthesise the evidence for efficacy and cost effectiveness of topical treatments for superficial fungal infections of the skin and nails of the feet. DESIGN: Systematic review. INTERVENTIONS: Topical treatments for superficial fungal infections. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cure confirmed by culture and microscopy for skin and by culture for nails in patients with clinically diagnosed fungal infections. RESULTS: Of 126 trials identified in 121 papers, 72 (57.1%) met the inclusion criteria. Placebo controlled trials yielded pooled relative risks of failure to cure skin infections: allylamines (0.30, 95% confidence interval 0.24 to 0.38); azoles (0.54, 0.42 to 0.68); undecenoic acid (0.28, 0. 11 to 0.74); and tolnaftate (0.46, 0.17 to 1.22). Although meta-analysis of 11 trials comparing allylamines and azoles showed a relative risk of failure to cure of 0.88 (0.78 to 0.99) in favour of allylamines, there was evidence of language bias. Seven reports in English favoured allylamines (0.79, 0.69 to 0.91), but four reports in foreign languages showed no difference between the two drugs (1. 01, 0.90 to 1.13). Neither trial of nail infections showed significant differences between alternative topical treatments. CONCLUSIONS: Allylamines, azoles, and undecenoic acid were efficacious in placebo controlled trials. There are sufficient comparative trials to judge relative efficacy only between allylamines and azoles. Allylamines cure slightly more infections than azoles but are much more expensive than azoles. The most cost effective strategy is first to treat with azoles or undecenoic acid and to use allylamines only if that fails. (+info)Onychomycosis caused by Scytalidium dimidiatum. Report of two cases. Review of the taxonomy of the synanamorph and anamorph forms of this coelomycete. (5/176)
The authors report two cases of onychomycosis in the dystrophic form, one of them involving an HIV-positive patient, provoked by Scytalidium dimidiatum, previously called Scytalidium lignicola. The subject is reviewed from the taxonomic viewpoint, considering the anamorph Hendersonula toruloidea as a synonym of Nattrassia mangiferae, and having Scytalidium dimidiatum as the major synanamorph. According to many mycologists, Scytalidium hyalinum may be a separate species or a hyaline mutant of Scytalidium dimidiatum. Scytalidium lignicola Pesante 1957 was considered to be the type-species of the genus by ELLIS (1971)13 and later to be a "conidial state" of Hendersonula toruloidea by the same author, today known as Nattrassia mangiferae. The microorganism lives only on the roots of certain plants (mainly Platanus and Pinus). It produces pycnidia and is not considered to be a pathogen, although it is considered as a possible emerging agent capable of provoking opportunistic fungal lesions. The importance of this topic as one of the most outstanding in fungal taxonomy, so likely to be modified over time, as well as its interest in the field of dermatologic mycology, are emphasized. (+info)Synthesis of viral DNA and late capsid protein L1 in parabasal spinous cell layers of naturally occurring benign warts infected with human papillomavirus type 1. (6/176)
We investigated human papillomavirus type 1 (HPV1)-specific transcription, viral DNA replication, and viral protein expression in naturally occurring benign tumors by in situ hybridization, 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation, and immunohistochemistry and obtained results different from other HPV-infected benign tumors characterized so far. Moderate amounts of transcripts with a putative coding potential for E6/E7, E1, and E2 were demonstrated from the first subrabasal cell layer throughout the stratum spinosum and granulosum. In addition very large amounts of E4 and L1 transcripts were present in the same epithelial layers. This finding was substantiated by the demonstration of L1 and E4 protein already in the bottom-most spinous cell layer. Furthermore massive amplification of the viral DNA as measured by BrdU incorporation and different methods of in situ hybridization took place in the lowest 5 to 10 suprabasal cell layers. These findings are in contrast to the assumption that late gene expression and viral DNA synthesis are restricted to the more differentiated cell layers of the epithelium and point to differences in the regulation of the vegetative life cycle between different papillomavirus types. (+info)Mycobacterium thermoresistible recovered from a cutaneous lesion in an otherwise healthy individual. (7/176)
This is the first report of coinfection by Mycobacterium thermoresistible and Mycobacterium fortuitum and only the fifth case of human infection by M. thermoresistible reported in the world literature. (+info)White grain mycetoma caused by a Cylindrocarpon sp. in India. (8/176)
We describe a case of white grain eumycetoma of the foot of an Indian male caused by a slow-growing, poorly sporulating fungus that does not match any known agent of this infection. Histologic examination of a biopsy tissue specimen showed oval, lobular, white granules composed of hyaline, septate hyphae, and thick-walled chlamydospores. Culture of granules from a draining sinus yielded compact, very-slow-growing, poorly sporulating colonies producing a strong reddish brown pigment that diffused into the medium. The fungus was identified as a Cylindrocarpon sp. based on the development of rare cylindrical conidia borne from solitary phialides lacking collarettes, in addition to chlamydospores formed singly or in short chains. (+info)Foot dermatoses refer to any skin conditions that affect the feet. These conditions can cause discomfort, pain, and difficulty walking. Some common types of foot dermatoses include:
1. Athlete's foot (tinea pedis): a fungal infection that causes itching, burning, and cracking on the soles of the feet and between the toes.
2. Plantar warts: small, rough growths on the soles of the feet caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV).
3. Calluses and corns: areas of thickened skin that can become painful due to pressure or friction.
4. Eczema: a chronic inflammatory skin condition that can cause dry, itchy, and scaly patches on the skin, including the feet.
5. Psoriasis: an autoimmune disorder that causes red, scaly patches on the skin, including the feet.
6. Vitiligo: a condition that causes white patches on the skin due to the loss of pigment-producing cells.
7. Actinic keratosis: a precancerous condition that causes rough, scaly spots on sun-exposed areas of the skin, including the feet.
8. Molluscum contagiosum: a viral infection that causes small, painless bumps on the skin, often found on the feet and hands.
9. Candidiasis: a fungal infection that can affect various parts of the body, including the feet.
10. Paronychia: an inflammation of the skin around the nails, which can cause redness, swelling, and pus-filled bumps on the feet.
These conditions can be caused by a variety of factors, such as fungal or bacterial infections, viruses, allergies, injuries, and genetic predisposition. Treatment options for foot dermatoses range from self-care measures like keeping the feet clean and dry to prescription medications like antifungals, topical creams, and oral medications. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove growths or correct deformities.
It's essential to seek medical attention if you experience any persistent or recurring foot problems, as early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and improve outcomes. A dermatologist can help determine the underlying cause of your symptoms and recommend appropriate treatments.
These conditions can cause significant physical discomfort, emotional distress, and social embarrassment. They can also lead to permanent scarring and disfigurement if left untreated or inadequately treated. Fortunately, there are many effective treatments available for facial dermatoses, ranging from topical creams and ointments to systemic medications and surgery.
Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential for achieving the best possible outcomes for patients with facial dermatoses. A dermatologist can evaluate the patient's symptoms, perform a physical examination of the skin, and use diagnostic tests such as biopsies or blood tests to determine the underlying cause of the condition.
Once the diagnosis is established, the dermatologist will work with the patient to develop an individualized treatment plan that addresses their specific needs and concerns. This may involve a combination of self-care measures, medications, and other interventions. In some cases, a multidisciplinary approach involving other healthcare professionals such as plastic surgeons or psychologists may be necessary to provide comprehensive care.
In addition to treating the underlying condition, facial dermatoses can also have a significant impact on the patient's quality of life. Patients with these conditions may experience social stigma, anxiety, and depression, which can affect their relationships, work performance, and overall well-being. As such, it is essential for healthcare providers to address not only the physical symptoms but also the psychological and emotional needs of patients with facial dermatoses.
Overall, facial dermatoses are a common and diverse group of skin conditions that can have a significant impact on the patient's quality of life. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential for achieving the best possible outcomes, and a multidisciplinary approach is often necessary to provide comprehensive care.
Some common types of skin diseases include:
1. Acne: a condition characterized by oil clogged pores, pimples, and other blemishes on the skin.
2. Eczema: a chronic inflammatory skin condition that causes dry, itchy, and scaly patches on the skin.
3. Psoriasis: a chronic autoimmune skin condition characterized by red, scaly patches on the skin.
4. Dermatitis: a term used to describe inflammation of the skin, often caused by allergies or irritants.
5. Skin cancer: a type of cancer that affects the skin cells, often caused by exposure to UV radiation from the sun or tanning beds.
6. Melanoma: the most serious type of skin cancer, characterized by a mole that changes in size, shape, or color.
7. Vitiligo: a condition in which white patches develop on the skin due to the loss of pigment-producing cells.
8. Alopecia: a condition characterized by hair loss, often caused by autoimmune disorders or genetics.
9. Nail diseases: conditions that affect the nails, such as fungal infections, brittleness, and thickening.
10. Mucous membrane diseases: conditions that affect the mucous membranes, such as ulcers, inflammation, and cancer.
Skin diseases can be diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and diagnostic tests such as biopsies or blood tests. Treatment options vary depending on the specific condition and may include topical creams or ointments, oral medications, light therapy, or surgery.
Preventive measures to reduce the risk of skin diseases include protecting the skin from UV radiation, using sunscreen, wearing protective clothing, and avoiding exposure to known allergens or irritants. Early detection and treatment can help prevent complications and improve outcomes for many skin conditions.
1. Bullous pemphigoid: This is a rare autoimmune disease that causes large, fluid-filled blisters to form on the skin.
2. Pemphigus: This is another group of rare autoimmune diseases that cause blisters and sores to form on the skin.
3. Impetigo: This is a highly contagious bacterial infection that causes red sores or blisters to form on the skin, often around the nose and mouth.
4. Herpes simplex: This is a viral infection that causes small, painful blisters to form on the skin, often around the mouth or genitals.
5. Molluscum contagiosum: This is a viral infection that causes small, firm bumps to form on the skin, which can become inflamed and itchy.
These conditions can be diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and diagnostic tests such as biopsies or blood tests. Treatment for skin diseases, vesiculobullous depends on the underlying cause and may include antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medications, or immunosuppressive drugs. In some cases, surgical removal of the blisters or sores may be necessary. It is important to seek medical attention if you suspect you have a skin disease, vesiculobullous, as these conditions can be difficult to diagnose and treat, and can lead to complications such as infection or scarring.
The symptoms of LIAD can vary in severity and may include:
1. Blisters or sores on the skin that are typically large and shallow
2. Itching or burning sensation on the skin
3. Redness and swelling around the blisters or sores
4. Crusting or scabbing of the blisters or sores
5. Scaly or rough skin
LIAD can affect people of all ages, but it is more common in children and young adults. The exact cause of LIAD is not known, but it is thought to be related to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Treatment for LIAD typically involves topical creams or ointments, oral medications, and phototherapy. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary to manage the condition.
Preventing linear IgA bullous dermatosis (LIAD) is not possible, but early diagnosis and treatment can help manage the symptoms and prevent complications. If you suspect you or your child has LIAD, it is essential to consult a dermatologist for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. With proper management, most people with LIAD can experience improved symptoms and quality of life.
The symptoms of Sweet syndrome typically begin with a high fever, usually over 101°F (38.3°C), and are often accompanied by headache, muscle aches, and fatigue. Within 24 to 48 hours, a red rash appears on the skin, typically on the extremities, trunk, and face. The rash is made up of small, painful bumps or papules that may develop into pustules or blisters.
Sweet syndrome is caused by an abnormal immune response, which leads to an overproduction of neutrophils in the blood. Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in fighting off bacterial infections. However, in Sweet syndrome, the excessive production of neutrophils causes inflammation and damage to the skin and other tissues.
The exact cause of Sweet syndrome is not known, but it is believed to be triggered by a variety of factors, including infections, medications, cancer, and autoimmune disorders. The condition is more common in adults than children and is rare in people over the age of 60.
Sweet syndrome can be challenging to diagnose, as it can resemble other skin conditions such as psoriasis or eczema. A diagnosis is typically made based on a combination of physical examination, medical history, and laboratory tests, including blood counts and skin scrapings.
Treatment for Sweet syndrome usually involves the use of antibiotics to control any underlying infections, as well as medications to reduce inflammation and suppress the overproduction of neutrophils. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary to manage the condition.
The prognosis for Sweet syndrome is generally good, with most people experiencing a full recovery within a few weeks or months. However, in some cases, the condition can persist or recur, and there is a risk of complications such as scarring or skin thickening.
There are several ways to manage Sweet syndrome and reduce the risk of complications, including:
1. Avoiding triggers: Identifying and avoiding any triggers that may be causing the condition can help prevent flare-ups.
2. Keeping the skin clean: Proper skin care and hygiene can help prevent infection and reduce inflammation.
3. Using topical medications: Over-the-counter or prescription creams, ointments, or patches can be applied directly to the affected area to reduce inflammation and suppress neutrophil production.
4. Taking antibiotics: If an underlying infection is suspected, antibiotics may be prescribed to treat the infection and prevent it from spreading.
5. Managing stress: Stress can exacerbate Sweet syndrome, so finding ways to manage stress, such as through exercise, meditation, or therapy, can be helpful.
6. Seeking medical attention: If symptoms persist or worsen over time, it is important to seek medical attention to rule out any underlying conditions that may need to be treated.
It is important to note that Sweet syndrome is a relatively rare condition and can be challenging to diagnose. A healthcare professional should be consulted for proper evaluation and treatment. With appropriate management, most people with Sweet syndrome can experience improvement in their symptoms and quality of life.
Types of occupational dermatitis include:
1. Contact dermatitis: This occurs when the skin comes into contact with an allergen or irritant substance, such as chemicals, metals, or plants.
2. Irritant contact dermatitis: This is caused by exposure to substances that can cause inflammation and damage to the skin, such as detergents, cleaning products, or chemicals.
3. Allergic contact dermatitis: This occurs when the skin comes into contact with an allergen, causing an immune response and inflammation. Common allergens include nickel, chromate, and fragrances.
4. Photoallergic contact dermatitis: This is caused by exposure to certain substances that react with sunlight to produce a skin reaction.
5. Urticaria and angioedema: These are hives and swelling that can occur as a result of exposure to certain substances or conditions, such as food, insect bites, or infections.
Symptoms of occupational dermatitis can vary depending on the type of condition and the severity of exposure. They may include:
* Redness and inflammation
* Itching and burning sensations
* Blisters or sores
* Dry, scaly skin
* Flaking or peeling skin
* Skin thickening or pigmentation
Diagnosis of occupational dermatitis typically involves a physical examination, medical history, and patch testing to identify specific allergens or irritants. Treatment may involve avoiding exposure to the allergen or irritant, topical creams or ointments, oral medications, or immunotherapy.
Prevention of occupational dermatitis includes implementing safety measures such as wearing protective clothing and equipment, using gloves and barrier creams, and following proper hygiene practices. Employers can also take steps to reduce exposure to potential allergens or irritants by modifying work processes, providing education and training, and establishing a healthy work environment.
In conclusion, occupational dermatitis is a common condition that affects millions of workers worldwide. It can cause significant discomfort, impaired quality of life, and lost productivity. By understanding the causes and symptoms of occupational dermatitis and taking steps to prevent and treat it, employers and employees can work together to create a safer and healthier work environment.
Prevention and Treatment of Diabetic Foot
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Preventing diabetic foot is crucial for people with diabetes. Here are some steps you can take:
* Monitor your blood sugar levels regularly and work with your healthcare provider to manage them effectively.
* Take care of your feet by washing them daily, trimming your toenails straight across, and wearing properly fitting shoes.
* Get your feet checked regularly by a healthcare professional.
* Avoid smoking and limit alcohol intake.
If you have diabetic foot, treatment will depend on the severity of the condition. Here are some common treatments:
* Antibiotics for infections
* Pain relief medication
* Wound care to promote healing
* Surgery to remove infected tissue or repair damaged blood vessels and nerves
* Amputation as a last resort
It is important to seek medical attention immediately if you have any of the following symptoms:
* Pain or tenderness in your feet
* Redness, swelling, or ulcers on your skin
* Fever or chills
* Difficulty moving your feet or toes
In conclusion, diabetic foot is a serious complication of diabetes that can lead to infections, amputations, and even death. Preventing diabetic foot is crucial for people with diabetes, and early detection and treatment are essential to prevent long-term damage. If you have any concerns about your feet, it is important to seek medical attention immediately.
1. Atopic dermatitis: A chronic skin condition characterized by dry, itchy, and inflamed skin.
2. Psoriasis: A chronic autoimmune condition that causes red, scaly patches on the skin.
3. Eczema: A general term for various types of skin conditions that cause dryness, itching, and inflammation.
4. Cellulitis: A bacterial infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissues that can cause swelling, redness, and warmth.
5. Lymphedema: A condition characterized by the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the soft tissues, leading to swelling and discomfort.
6. Varicose veins: Enlarged and twisted veins that can cause aching, cramping, and skin changes such as darkening or thickening.
7. Keratosis pilaris: A condition characterized by the buildup of keratin on the skin, causing small bumps and rough texture.
8. Vitiligo: A condition that causes the loss of melanin-producing cells, leading to white patches on the skin.
9. Necrobiosis lipoidica: A condition characterized by the formation of yellowish, soft, and tender nodules on the skin.
10. Pyoderma gangrenosum: A condition characterized by the development of large, painful ulcers on the skin.
Leg dermatoses can cause significant discomfort, pain, and embarrassment, and may have a negative impact on an individual's quality of life. Treatment options vary depending on the specific condition and its underlying causes, and may include topical medications, oral medications, light therapy, and lifestyle changes. It is important to seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen over time, as early diagnosis and treatment can help to prevent complications and improve outcomes.
Some common types of scalp dermatoses include:
1. Dandruff: A chronic condition characterized by flaky, white scales on the scalp.
2. Psoriasis: An autoimmune disorder that causes red, itchy patches on the scalp.
3. Eczema: A chronic skin condition characterized by dryness, itching, and inflammation.
4. Contact dermatitis: A skin reaction caused by exposure to an allergen or irritant, leading to redness, itching, and blisters.
5. Seborrheic dermatitis: A condition characterized by a yellowish, oily discharge on the scalp.
6. Pityriasis simplex: A condition characterized by small, scaling patches on the scalp.
7. Tinea capitis: A fungal infection of the scalp that can cause itching, redness, and scaling.
8. Cradle cap (infantile seborrheic dermatitis): A condition that affects newborn babies, causing yellowish, oily scales on the scalp.
Scalp dermatoses can be diagnosed through a physical examination of the scalp and may require further testing such as blood work or skin scrapings to rule out other conditions. Treatment options vary depending on the specific condition and can include medicated shampoos, topical creams or ointments, antifungal medications, and lifestyle changes such as reducing stress and using gentle hair care products.
In summary, scalp dermatoses are conditions that affect the skin on the scalp, and can cause a range of symptoms such as itching, redness, scaling, and inflammation. Common types of scalp dermatoses include dandruff, psoriasis, eczema, contact dermatitis, pityriasis simplex, tinea capitis, and cradle cap. Diagnosis is through physical examination and may require further testing, while treatment options vary depending on the specific condition.
There are several types of foot ulcers, including:
1. Diabetic foot ulcers: These are the most common type of foot ulcer and are caused by nerve damage (neuropathy) and poor circulation that can lead to unnoticed injuries or infections.
2. Venous foot ulcers: These are caused by weakened veins that cannot properly return blood from the feet to the heart, leading to pooling of blood and skin breakdown.
3. Arterial foot ulcers: These are caused by narrowed or blocked arteries that reduce blood flow to the feet, making it difficult for wounds to heal.
4. Pressure foot ulcers: These are caused by constant pressure on the skin, leading to skin breakdown and ulceration.
5. Traumatic foot ulcers: These are caused by direct trauma to the foot, such as a cut or puncture wound.
Symptoms of foot ulcers may include:
* Pain
* Swelling
* Redness
* Warmth
* Discharge
* Foul odor
* Bleeding
Treatment for foot ulcers depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the ulcer. In general, treatment may include:
1. Debridement: Removing dead skin and tissue to promote healing.
2. Dressing: Applying a clean dressing to protect the wound and promote healing.
3. Infection control: Administering antibiotics if the ulcer is infected.
4. Off-loading: Reducing pressure on the affected area to promote healing.
5. Wound care: Managing the wound to promote healing and prevent further complications.
Preventive measures for foot ulcers include:
1. Proper footwear: Wearing shoes that fit properly and provide adequate support.
2. Regular foot examinations: Checking the feet regularly for any signs of injury or infection.
3. Practicing good hygiene: Keeping the feet clean and dry to prevent infection.
4. Avoiding excessive standing or walking: Taking regular breaks to rest the feet and avoid putting excessive pressure on them.
5. Managing underlying conditions: Managing conditions such as diabetes, poor circulation, and nerve damage to prevent foot ulcers from developing.
There are several types of erythema, including:
1. Erythema migrans (Lyme disease): A rash that occurs due to an infection with the bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi and is characterized by a red, expanding rash with a central clearing.
2. Erythema multiforme: A condition that causes small, flat or raised red lesions on the skin, often triggered by an allergic reaction to medication or infection.
3. Erythema nodosum: A condition that causes small, painful lumps under the skin, usually due to an allergic reaction to medication or infection.
4. Erythema infectiosum (Fifth disease): A viral infection that causes a red rash on the face, arms, and legs.
5. Erythema annulare centrifugum: A condition that causes a ring-shaped rash with raised borders, often seen in people with autoimmune disorders or taking certain medications.
Treatment for erythema depends on the underlying cause, and may include topical creams or ointments, oral medications, or antibiotics. It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any unusual skin changes or symptoms, as some types of erythema can be a sign of a more serious underlying condition.
There are several types of keratosis, including:
1. Actinic keratosis: A condition caused by prolonged exposure to sunlight, characterized by rough, scaly patches on sun-exposed areas such as the face, ears, and hands.
2. Seborrheic keratosis: A benign growth that appears as a rough, waxy or pigmented spot on the skin, often on the back, chest, or face.
3. Cutaneous keratosis: A condition characterized by the formation of horny scales or plates on the surface of the skin, often seen in conditions such as psoriasis or eczema.
4. Oral keratosis: A condition that affects the mucous membranes of the mouth and is characterized by the formation of thick, white patches.
5. Lichen planus keratosis: A condition that causes flat, rough, dark brown or purple patches on the skin, often accompanied by itching and burning sensations.
Keratosis can be diagnosed through a physical examination and may require a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment options vary depending on the type of keratosis and its severity, and may include topical medications, cryotherapy, or surgical removal.
The exact cause of pyoderma gangrenosum is not well understood, but it is believed to be related to an abnormal immune response that leads to the formation of neutrophilic (white blood cell) clusters in the skin. The condition can also be triggered by certain medications or infections.
The symptoms of pyoderma gangrenosum typically include the sudden appearance of painful, red, or purple ulcers on the skin, which may be accompanied by fever and swollen lymph nodes. The ulcers can be shallow or deep, and may have a foul odor.
Pyoderma gangrenosum is usually diagnosed based on the appearance of the ulcers and the patient's medical history. Laboratory tests such as blood cultures or biopsies may be performed to rule out other conditions that may cause similar symptoms.
Treatment for pyoderma gangrenosum typically involves antibiotics to treat any underlying infections, as well as medications to reduce inflammation and promote wound healing. In severe cases, surgical debridement (removal of dead tissue) may be necessary. The prognosis for pyoderma gangrenosum is generally good if the condition is properly treated, but it can be challenging to manage and may recur in some cases.
This definition of 'Vulvar Diseases' is derived from the online medical dictionary Medilexicon, which provides definitions of medical terms and their meanings.
The term "gonadoblastoma" was first coined in 1978 by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) to describe this type of tumor. Since then, it has been widely adopted in the medical literature and is now recognized as a distinct entity in the field of pediatric oncology.
The exact cause of gonadoblastoma is not known, but it is believed to arise from genetic mutations that occur during fetal development. It is usually diagnosed by ultrasound and/or CT scan, and can be treated with surgery, chemotherapy, or a combination of both. The prognosis for gonadoblastoma is generally good, with most patients experiencing a complete remission. However, some individuals may experience long-term effects such as infertility and hormonal imbalances.
In summary, gonadoblastoma is a rare benign tumor that affects the gonads and is characterized by immature cells that resemble both germ cells and stromal cells. While the exact cause of this condition is not known, it can be diagnosed with imaging tests and treated with surgery and/or chemotherapy. The prognosis for gonadoblastoma is generally good, but some individuals may experience long-term effects such as infertility and hormonal imbalances.
There are several types of hyperpigmentation, including:
1. Melasma: A common form of hyperpigmentation that occurs in women, especially during pregnancy, and is characterized by dark patches on the face.
2. Post-inflammatory hypopigmentation (PIH): This type of hyperpigmentation occurs after an inflammatory condition such as acne, eczema, or a skin infection, and is characterized by lighter areas of skin.
3. Freckles: Small, dark spots that can occur anywhere on the body, but are more common in people with fair skin.
4. Age spots (liver spots): These are flat, brown spots that can occur due to aging and exposure to the sun.
5. Sun damage: Prolonged exposure to the sun can cause hyperpigmentation in the form of freckles, age spots, or uneven skin tone.
There are several treatment options for hyperpigmentation, including topical creams and laser therapy. These treatments can help to reduce the appearance of dark patches and improve the overall appearance of the skin. It is important to consult a dermatologist to determine the best course of treatment for your specific condition.
Neurodermatitis can affect anyone, but it is most common in infants and children, and those with a family history of atopic conditions such as asthma, eczema, or allergies. The exact cause of neurodermatitis is not fully understood, but it is thought to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
Symptoms of neurodermatitis can vary in severity and may include:
* Itching, which can be intense and disrupt daily activities
* Redness and inflammation
* Dry, scaly skin that may ooze or crust over
* Thickening and pigmentation of the skin
* Sleep disturbances due to itching or discomfort
Neurodermatitis can be challenging to treat, but there are several effective therapies available. These include topical corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and anti-inflammatory medications, as well as lifestyle changes such as avoiding triggers, using gentle skin care products, and keeping the skin moisturized.
In severe cases of neurodermatitis, complications such as infection, scarring, and emotional distress may arise. It is essential to seek medical advice if symptoms persist or worsen over time. With proper treatment and self-care, however, many people with neurodermatitis can experience significant improvement in their quality of life.
There are several types of dermatitis, including:
1. Atopic dermatitis: a chronic condition characterized by dry, itchy skin and a tendency to develop allergies.
2. Contact dermatitis: a localized reaction to an allergen or irritant that comes into contact with the skin.
3. Seborrheic dermatitis: a condition characterized by redness, itching, and flaking skin on the scalp, face, or body.
4. Psoriasis: a chronic condition characterized by thick, scaly patches on the skin.
5. Cutaneous lupus erythematosus: a chronic autoimmune disorder that can cause skin rashes and lesions.
6. Dermatitis herpetiformis: a rare condition characterized by itchy blisters or rashes on the skin.
Dermatitis can be diagnosed through a physical examination, medical history, and sometimes laboratory tests such as patch testing or biopsy. Treatment options for dermatitis depend on the cause and severity of the condition, but may include topical creams or ointments, oral medications, phototherapy, or lifestyle changes such as avoiding allergens or irritants.
Pruritus can be acute or chronic, depending on its duration and severity. Acute pruritus is usually caused by a specific trigger, such as an allergic reaction or insect bite, and resolves once the underlying cause is treated or subsides. Chronic pruritus, on the other hand, can persist for months or even years and may be more challenging to diagnose and treat.
Some common causes of pruritus include:
1. Skin disorders such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, eczema, and contact dermatitis.
2. Allergic reactions to medications, insect bites, or food.
3. Certain systemic diseases such as kidney disease, liver disease, and thyroid disorders.
4. Pregnancy-related itching (obstetric pruritus).
5. Cancer and its treatment, particularly chemotherapy-induced itching.
6. Nerve disorders such as peripheral neuropathy and multiple sclerosis.
7. Infections such as fungal, bacterial, or viral infections.
8. Parasitic infestations such as scabies and lice.
Managing pruritus can be challenging, as it often leads to a vicious cycle of scratching and skin damage, which can exacerbate the itching sensation. Treatment options for pruritus depend on the underlying cause, but may include topical corticosteroids, oral antihistamines, immunomodulatory drugs, and other medications. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary to address the underlying condition and provide symptomatic relief.
In conclusion, pruritus is a common symptom with many possible causes, ranging from skin disorders to systemic diseases and infections. Diagnosis and management of pruritus require a comprehensive approach, involving both physical examination and laboratory tests to identify the underlying cause, as well as appropriate treatment options to provide relief and prevent complications.
There are several types of pigmentation disorders, including:
1. Vitiligo: A condition in which white patches develop on the skin due to the loss of melanin-producing cells.
2. Albinism: A rare genetic condition that results in a complete or partial absence of melanin production.
3. Melasma: A hormonal disorder that causes brown or gray patches to appear on the face, often in pregnant women or those taking hormone replacement therapy.
4. Post-inflammatory hypopigmentation (PIH): A condition where inflammation causes a loss of melanin-producing cells, leading to lighter skin tone.
5. Acne vulgaris: A common skin condition that can cause post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), where dark spots remain after acne has healed.
6. Nevus of Ota: A benign growth that can cause depigmentation and appear as a light or dark spot on the skin.
7. Cafe-au-Lait spots: Flat, light brown patches that can occur anywhere on the body and are often associated with other conditions such as neurofibromatosis type 1.
8. Mongolian spots: Bluish-gray patches that occur in people with darker skin tones and fade with age.
9. Poikiloderma of Civatte: A condition that causes red, thin, and wrinkled skin, often with a pigmentary mottling appearance.
10. Pigmented purpuric dermatosis: A rare condition that causes reddish-brown spots on the skin, often associated with other conditions such as lupus or vasculitis.
Pigmentation disorders can be difficult to treat and may require a combination of topical and systemic therapies, including medications, laser therapy, and chemical peels. It's essential to consult with a dermatologist for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan.
1. Platelet disorders: These include conditions such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), where the immune system attacks and destroys platelets, leading to a low platelet count and bleeding symptoms.
2. Von Willebrand disease: This is a bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency of von Willebrand factor, a protein that helps platelets stick together and form clots.
3. Hemophilia A and B: These are genetic disorders that affect the blood's ability to clot and stop bleeding.
4. Vitamin K-dependent bleeding disorders: These include conditions such as vitamin K-dependent coagulopathy, which is caused by a deficiency of vitamin K and leads to abnormal clotting and bleeding.
5. Other causes: Purpura can also be caused by other medical conditions, such as liver disease, kidney disease, and certain medications.
The symptoms of purpura can vary depending on the underlying cause, but may include:
* Easy bruising (especially on the skin and joints)
* Petechiae (small red or purple spots on the skin)
* Prolonged bleeding from injuries or surgical sites
* Nosebleeds
* Gingival bleeding (bleeding from the gums)
* Heavy menstrual periods
* Bleeding into joints and muscles
If you suspect that you or someone else may have purpura, it is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible. A healthcare professional will perform a physical examination and order laboratory tests to determine the underlying cause of the bleeding disorder. Treatment for purpura depends on the specific cause, but may include medications to increase platelet count or clotting factor, or surgery to correct an underlying condition.
Hypopigmentation can be classified into two main types:
1. Localized hypopigmentation - This type of hypopigmentation occurs in a specific area of the body, such as vitiligo, where there is a loss of melanin-producing cells.
2. Widespread hypopigmentation - This type of hypopigmentation affects multiple areas of the body and can be caused by systemic conditions such as hypothyroidism or Addison's disease.
Some common causes of hypopigmentation include:
1. Vitiligo - An autoimmune condition that causes the loss of melanocytes in specific areas of the skin.
2. Alopecia areata - A condition where hair follicles are damaged or lost, leading to patchy hair loss.
3. Thyroid disorders - Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) can cause decreased melanin production, while hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) can cause increased melanin production.
4. Addison's disease - A rare endocrine disorder that affects the adrenal glands and can cause hypopigmentation.
5. Autoimmune conditions - Conditions such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis can cause inflammation that leads to hypopigmentation.
6. Trauma - Injury to the skin can cause hypopigmentation, especially if it involves the loss of melanocytes.
7. Infections - Certain infections such as tuberculosis or syphilis can cause hypopigmentation.
8. Nutritional deficiencies - Deficiencies in vitamins and minerals such as vitamin B12 or iron can affect melanin production.
Symptoms of hypopigmentation may include:
1. Lighter skin tone than usual
2. Patchy or uneven skin tone
3. Increased risk of sunburn and skin damage due to decreased melanin protection
4. Skin that appears thin and translucent
5. Freckles or other pigmentary changes
6. Hair loss or thinning
7. Nail abnormalities such as ridging or thinning
8. Increased sensitivity to the sun
9. Difficulty healing of wounds or injuries
10. Skin that is prone to irritation or inflammation.
Hypopigmentation can be diagnosed through a physical examination, and in some cases, additional tests such as blood work or biopsies may be necessary to rule out underlying conditions. Treatment for hypopigmentation depends on the underlying cause and may include topical creams or ointments, medications, or laser therapy. It is important to consult a dermatologist or other healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Acantholysis is caused by a variety of factors, including genetic mutations, autoimmune disorders, and exposure to certain medications or chemicals. It can affect any area of the body, but it most commonly occurs on the skin of the face, neck, and hands.
The symptoms of acantholysis can vary depending on the underlying cause of the condition. Common symptoms include:
* Thin, fragile skin that is prone to tearing or breaking
* Formation of small, flat scars or lesions on the skin
* Skin that is sensitive to touch or pressure
* Redness and inflammation around the affected area
Acantholysis can be diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and laboratory tests. Treatment for acantholysis depends on the underlying cause of the condition and may include topical medications, oral medications, or injectable treatments. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to repair damaged skin tissue.
Preventing acantholysis can be challenging, but there are some steps that can help reduce the risk of developing the condition. These include:
* Avoiding exposure to harsh chemicals or medications
* Protecting the skin from excessive sun exposure and using sunscreen when necessary
* Using gentle skincare products and avoiding scrubbing or rubbing the skin excessively
* Managing underlying medical conditions, such as autoimmune disorders or hormonal imbalances, that can contribute to acantholysis.
Overall, acantholysis is a rare and complex condition that requires careful diagnosis and management to prevent complications and improve quality of life for individuals affected by the condition.
There are several types of eczema, including:
1. Atopic dermatitis: This is the most common type of eczema, and it is often associated with allergies such as hay fever or asthma.
2. Contact dermatitis: This type of eczema is caused by exposure to an allergen or irritant, such as a chemical or detergent.
3. Seborrheic dermatitis: This type of eczema is characterized by redness and flaking on the scalp, face, or body.
4. Neurodermatitis: This type of eczema is caused by chronic itching and scratching, which leads to thickening and darkening of the skin.
5. Pompholyx: This is a type of eczema that occurs on the hands and feet.
The exact cause of eczema is not known, but it is thought to be related to an overactive immune system, allergies, and environmental triggers such as stress, cold weather, and certain foods. Treatment for eczema typically involves a combination of topical medications, oral medications, and lifestyle changes, such as avoiding triggers and moisturizing the skin.
Complications of eczema can include:
1. Infections: Eczema can increase the risk of bacterial, viral, and fungal infections, such as impetigo or herpes simplex.
2. Scratching and skin thickening: Chronic itching and scratching can lead to thickening and darkening of the skin, which can be unsightly and painful.
3. Emotional distress: Living with eczema can cause significant emotional distress, including anxiety and depression.
4. Sleep disturbances: Eczema can disrupt sleep patterns and cause fatigue, which can impact daily life and overall well-being.
5. Stigma and social isolation: People with eczema may experience stigma and social isolation due to the visible nature of the condition.
It is important for people with eczema to work closely with their healthcare provider to manage the condition and prevent complications. With appropriate treatment and self-care, many people with eczema are able to manage their symptoms and lead active, fulfilling lives.
There are several types of pyoderma, including:
1. Impetigo: A highly contagious bacterial infection that causes crusted sores on the face, arms, and legs.
2. Folliculitis: An infection of the hair follicles that can cause pustules or boils.
3. Furuncle: A painful, pus-filled bump that forms under the skin, usually as a result of a blocked sweat gland.
4. Carbuncle: A larger, more severe form of furuncle that can affect multiple areas of the body.
Pyoderma can be treated with antibiotics or topical creams and ointments. It's important to keep the affected area clean and dry to prevent the spread of infection and promote healing. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary to manage the infection and prevent complications.
Pyoderma can have similar symptoms to other skin conditions, such as eczema or psoriasis, so it's important to seek medical attention if you experience any unusual changes in your skin. With proper treatment, most cases of pyoderma can be effectively managed and resolved within a few days to a week.
There are several forms of lichen planus, including:
* Oral lichen planus: affecting the mucous membranes inside the mouth
* Cutaneous lichen planus: affecting the skin
* Lichen planus pigmentosus: causing hyperpigmentation of the skin
* Lichen planus hypertrophicus: causing thickening and darkening of the skin.
Symptoms of lichen planus may include:
* Itching, burning sensations on the affected area
* Redness, inflammation, or swelling
* Thickening and darkening of the skin in advanced cases
* Blisters or sores that may ooze fluid
There is no cure for lichen planus, but treatment options are available to manage symptoms and prevent flare-ups. These may include:
* Topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and itching
* Oral antihistamines or immunosuppressive drugs to reduce itching and inflammation
* Phototherapy with UVB or PUVA to reduce inflammation and promote skin healing
* Systemic corticosteroids for severe cases that do not respond to other treatments.
It is important to seek medical advice if you experience any of the symptoms of lichen planus, as it can be difficult to diagnose and may resemble other skin conditions such as eczema or psoriasis. A dermatologist can perform a physical examination, take a skin scraping or biopsy, and review your medical history to make an accurate diagnosis and recommend appropriate treatment.
The symptoms of dermatitis, exfoliative include:
* Intense redness and scaling or blistering of the skin
* Itching, which can be severe
* Burning sensation on the skin
* Dry, rough skin that may flake off
* Small, raised bumps or hives on the skin
* Crusting or oozing of the skin
The diagnosis of dermatitis, exfoliative is based on the appearance of the skin and the patient's medical history. A skin biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions. Treatment typically involves topical medications, such as corticosteroids or immunomodulators, and may also include oral medications or phototherapy.
In addition to these symptoms and treatments, it is important to note that dermatitis, exfoliative can be a chronic condition and may recur over time. It can also lead to complications such as skin infections or scarring. Therefore, it is important for individuals with this condition to work closely with their healthcare provider to manage their symptoms and prevent complications.
Note: This definition is an excerpt from the "Merck Manual" home edition, which is available online. It may not be current or complete information, and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice or diagnosis.
The symptoms of dermatitis herpetiformis can vary in severity and may include:
1. Intensely itchy, fluid-filled blisters or bumps that can appear on the arms, legs, back and buttocks.
2. Burning, stinging or tingling sensations on the skin.
3. Redness and swelling around the affected areas.
4. Fever and fatigue.
5. Nausea and vomiting in some cases.
Dermatitis herpetiformis can be diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history and diagnostic tests such as skin scrapings or blood tests. Treatment typically involves avoiding gluten-containing foods and taking medications to reduce symptoms and inflammation. In some cases, the condition may resolve on its own within a few years of starting a gluten-free diet.
Mite infestations refer to the presence and growth of mites on or inside the human body, often causing symptoms such as itching, redness, and inflammation. Mites are tiny, eight-legged arachnids that can live on the skin, in hair follicles, or in bedding and clothing.
Types of Mite Infestations:
1. Scabies Mite Infestation: caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite, which burrows into the skin and lays eggs, leading to intense itching and rashes.
2. Demodex Mite Infestation: caused by the Demodex folliculorum or Demodex brevis mites, which live in hair follicles and can cause papules, pustules, and rosacea-like symptoms.
3. Cheyletiella Mite Infestation: caused by the Cheyletiella galinae mite, which lives on the skin and can cause itching and scaling.
4. Gamasoid Mite Infestation: caused by the Gamasoid falcatus mite, which can live in bedding and clothing and cause itching and rashes.
Symptoms of Mite Infestations:
1. Intensive itching, especially at night
2. Redness and inflammation
3. Papules, pustules, or nodules
4. Crusted lesions or sores
5. Hair loss or thinning
6. Fatigue or fever
7. Skin thickening or pigmentation
Diagnosis of Mite Infestations:
1. Physical examination and medical history
2. Allergic patch testing
3. Skin scrapings or biopsy
4. Microscopic examination of skin scrapings or biopsy samples
5. Blood tests to rule out other conditions
Treatment of Mite Infestations:
1. Topical creams, lotions, or ointments (e.g., crotamiton, permethrin, or malathion)
2. Oral medications (e.g., antihistamines, corticosteroids, or antibiotics)
3. Home remedies (e.g., applying heat, using oatmeal baths, or massaging with coconut oil)
4. Environmental measures (e.g., washing and drying bedding and clothing in hot water, using a dehumidifier, or replacing carpets with hard flooring)
5. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary for intravenous medication and wound care.
Prevention of Mite Infestations:
1. Avoid exposure to areas where mites are common, such as gardens or woodpiles.
2. Use protective clothing and gear when outdoors.
3. Regularly wash and dry bedding and clothing in hot water.
4. Dry clean or heat-treat items that can't be washed.
5. Use a dehumidifier to reduce humidity levels in the home.
6. Replace carpets with hard flooring.
7. Regularly vacuum and dust, especially in areas where mites are common.
8. Avoid sharing personal items, such as bedding or clothing, with others.
9. Use mite-repellent products, such as mattress and pillow covers, on bedding.
10. Consider using a professional mite exterminator if infestations are severe or widespread.
Some common examples of papulosquamous skin diseases include:
1. Psoriasis: A chronic autoimmune condition that causes red, scaly patches on the skin.
2. Eczema (atopic dermatitis): A chronic inflammatory skin condition that causes itching, redness, and dry, flaky skin.
3. Dermatitis: A general term for inflammation of the skin, which can be caused by a variety of factors such as allergies, infections, or environmental exposures.
4. Contact dermatitis: A localized reaction of the skin to a particular substance or allergen, causing redness, itching, and burning.
5. Seborrheic dermatitis: A chronic inflammatory condition that causes a red, itchy rash on the scalp, face, or body.
6. Pityriasis rosea: A mild, self-limiting skin condition characterized by the formation of scaly patches on the skin.
7. Folliculitis: An inflammation of the hair follicles, which can cause redness, itching, and pimple-like bumps.
8. Keratosis pilaris: A common condition characterized by the formation of small, hard bumps on the skin, often on the arms, legs, or buttocks.
Papulosquamous skin diseases can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetics, allergies, infections, and environmental exposures. Treatment options for these conditions depend on the underlying cause and the severity of symptoms, but may include topical medications, oral medications, or light therapy.
The symptoms of scabies can include intense itching, especially at night, as well as a rash, skin irritation, and blisters. In severe cases, scabies can lead to infections and other complications.
Scabies is typically diagnosed through a physical examination of the skin and a review of medical history. A skin scraping may also be performed to collect mites or eggs for laboratory testing.
Treatment for scabies involves applying topical creams or lotions that contain permethrin or crotamiton to the entire body, from the neck down. These medications kill the mites and their eggs, but they do not provide immediate relief from itching.
It is important to treat all members of a household or close contacts at the same time as the infected person to prevent re-infestation. In addition, it is recommended to wash and dry clothing, bedding, and towels in hot water and dry them in a hot dryer to kill any mites or eggs that may have fallen off the body.
Preventive measures for scabies include avoiding close contact with people who have the infection, wearing protective clothing and gloves when caring for infected individuals, and regularly washing and drying items that come into contact with the skin.
The symptoms of dermatitis, allergic contact can vary depending on the severity of the reaction, but may include:
* Redness and swelling of the affected area
* Itching, burning, or stinging sensations
* Small blisters or hives
* Thickening or scaling of the skin
* Crusting or oozing of fluid
Dermatitis, allergic contact can be caused by a variety of substances, including:
* Metals, such as nickel, chrome, and mercury
* Plastics, such as latex and polyethylene
* Certain chemicals, such as perfumes, dyes, and preservatives
* Plant extracts, such as poison ivy or poison oak
* Insect bites or stings
The diagnosis of dermatitis, allergic contact is typically made through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and patch testing. Patch testing involves applying small amounts of potential allergens to the skin and observing for any signs of an allergic reaction over a period of time.
Treatment for dermatitis, allergic contact typically focuses on removing the allergen from the affected area and providing relief from symptoms. This may include:
* Avoiding exposure to the allergen
* Applying topical creams or ointments to reduce inflammation and itching
* Taking oral medications, such as antihistamines or corticosteroids, to reduce symptoms
* In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary to manage the reaction.
Preventative measures for dermatitis, allergic contact include:
* Avoiding exposure to potential allergens
* Wearing protective clothing or gloves when handling suspected allergens
* Using hypoallergenic products and avoiding fragrances and dyes
* Performing patch testing before introducing new substances into the environment.
It is important to seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen over time, as dermatitis, allergic contact can lead to complications such as infection or scarring. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent these complications and improve outcomes for patients with this condition.
The term "paraneoplastic" refers to the fact that these conditions are parallel to, or associated with, neoplasms (abnormal growths) in the body. The exact cause of paraneoplastic syndromes is not fully understood, but they are believed to be related to the immune system's response to cancer cells.
Some common features of paraneoplastic syndromes include:
1. Autoantibodies: The immune system produces antibodies that attack the body's own tissues and organs.
2. Inflammation: The immune system causes inflammation in various parts of the body.
3. Nerve damage: Paraneoplastic syndromes can affect the nerves, leading to symptoms such as numbness, weakness, and pain.
4. Muscle weakness: Some paraneoplastic syndromes can cause muscle weakness and wasting.
5. Skin rashes: Some patients with paraneoplastic syndromes may develop skin rashes or lesions.
6. Eye problems: Paraneoplastic syndromes can affect the eyes, leading to symptoms such as double vision, blindness, and eye pain.
7. Endocrine dysfunction: Some paraneoplastic syndromes can disrupt the normal functioning of the endocrine system, leading to hormonal imbalances.
Examples of paraneoplastic syndromes include:
1. Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS): This is a rare autoimmune disorder that affects the nerves and muscles, leading to muscle weakness and fatigue. It is often associated with small cell lung cancer.
2. Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: This is a severe autoimmune disorder that affects the brain and can cause symptoms such as seizures, confusion, and memory loss. It is often associated with ovarian teratoma.
3. Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD): This is a rare condition that affects the cerebellum and can cause symptoms such as coordination problems, balance difficulties, and difficulty with movement. It is often associated with lung cancer or other types of cancer.
4. Stiff-person syndrome: This is a rare autoimmune disorder that affects the central nervous system and can cause symptoms such as muscle stiffness, spasms, and autonomy dysfunction. It is often associated with ovarian teratoma.
5. Polymyositis: This is a rare inflammatory condition that affects the muscles and can cause muscle weakness and wasting. It is often associated with cancer, particularly lung cancer.
6. Dercum's disease: This is a rare condition that affects the adipose tissue and can cause symptoms such as pain, swelling, and limited mobility. It is often associated with cancer, particularly breast cancer.
7. Multiple myeloma: This is a type of cancer that affects the plasma cells in the bone marrow and can cause symptoms such as bone pain, fatigue, and weakness. It is often associated with ovarian teratoma.
8. Painless thyroiditis: This is a rare condition that affects the thyroid gland and can cause symptoms such as thyroid gland inflammation, fatigue, and weight gain. It is often associated with cancer, particularly breast cancer.
9. Ovarian cysts: These are fluid-filled sacs that form on the ovaries and can cause symptoms such as pelvic pain, bloating, and irregular menstrual periods. They are often associated with ovarian teratoma.
10. Endometriosis: This is a condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside of the uterus and can cause symptoms such as pelvic pain, heavy menstrual bleeding, and infertility. It is often associated with ovarian teratoma.
It's important to note that these conditions are rare and not all cases of ovarian teratoma are associated with them. If you suspect you may have ovarian teratoma, it's important to talk to your healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment.
There are several types of parapsoriasis, including:
1. Parapsoriasis varioliformis: This type of parapsoriasis is characterized by small, raised bumps that resemble chickenpox lesions.
2. Parapsoriasis pityriasis versicolor: This type of parapsoriasis is characterized by scaly, flat patches on the skin that can be light or dark in color.
3. Parapsoriasis guttata: This type of parapsoriasis is characterized by small, round lesions that have a raised border and are usually pink or red in color.
4. Parapsoriasis acutha: This type of parapsoriasis is characterized by small, sharply defined patches on the skin that are often itchy and painful.
The symptoms of parapsoriasis can vary depending on the type of condition, but may include:
* Redness and scaliness of the skin
* Itching and burning sensations
* Small, raised bumps or patches on the skin
* Skin thickening and pigmentation
* Increased risk of infection
There is no cure for parapsoriasis, but treatment options are available to help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. These may include:
1. Topical medications: Creams or ointments that can help reduce inflammation and scaling.
2. Phototherapy: Exposure to specific wavelengths of light that can help reduce inflammation and improve skin symptoms.
3. Systemic medications: Oral or injected medications that can help reduce inflammation and itching.
4. Laser therapy: Use of lasers to reduce inflammation and improve skin appearance.
It's important to note that parapsoriasis is a relatively rare condition, and it can be difficult to diagnose. A dermatologist may perform a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions. With proper treatment, most people with parapsoriasis can experience improved symptoms and quality of life.
1. Pesticide poisoning: Agricultural workers who handle or apply pesticides may be at risk for poisoning, which can cause a range of symptoms including headaches, dizziness, and nausea. Prolonged exposure to pesticides has also been linked to an increased risk of cancer.
2. Lung disease: Agricultural workers who work with dusty crops or in confined spaces may be at risk for lung diseases such as bronchitis, emphysema, and asthma.
3. Heat stress: Agricultural workers who work outdoors during hot weather may be at risk for heat stress, which can lead to symptoms such as dizziness, nausea, and fatigue. In severe cases, heat stress can be fatal.
4. Noise-induced hearing loss: Agricultural workers who are exposed to loud noises, such as tractors or other machinery, may be at risk for noise-induced hearing loss.
5. Musculoskeletal disorders: Agricultural workers may be at risk for musculoskeletal disorders such as back pain, joint pain, and repetitive strain injuries due to the physical demands of their work.
6. Skin diseases: Agricultural workers who handle animals or are exposed to chemicals may be at risk for skin diseases such as allergic contact dermatitis or fungal infections.
7. Eye diseases: Agricultural workers who work with pesticides or other chemicals may be at risk for eye diseases such as conjunctivitis or cataracts.
8. Respiratory diseases: Agricultural workers who handle grain or other dusty materials may be at risk for respiratory diseases such as hypersensitivity pneumonitis or farmer's lung.
9. Infectious diseases: Agricultural workers may be at risk for infectious diseases such as Q fever, which is caused by a bacteria that can be found in the intestines of some animals.
10. Mental health disorders: The stress and isolation of agricultural work may contribute to mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, or substance abuse.
It's important for agricultural workers to take precautions to protect their health and safety on the job, such as wearing personal protective equipment, following proper handling and application procedures for chemicals, and taking regular breaks to rest and stretch. Additionally, employers should provide a safe work environment and training on safe work practices to help prevent injuries and illnesses.
Also known as eczema or atopic eczema.
Dermatitis, Atopic is a common condition that affects people of all ages but is most prevalent in children. It is often associated with other atopic conditions such as asthma and allergies. The exact cause of dermatitis, atopic is not known, but it is thought to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
Symptoms of Dermatitis, Atopic:
* Redness and dryness of the skin
* Scaling and flaking of the skin
* Itching and burning sensations
* Thickening and pigmentation of the skin
* Small blisters or weeping sores
Atopic dermatitis can occur anywhere on the body but is most commonly found on the face, neck, hands, and feet.
Treatment for Dermatitis, Atopic:
* Moisturizers to keep the skin hydrated and reduce dryness
* Topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation
* Antihistamines to relieve itching
* Phototherapy with ultraviolet light
* Oral immunomodulators for severe cases
It is important to note that dermatitis, atopic is a chronic condition, and treatment should be ongoing. Flare-ups may occur, and adjustments to the treatment plan may be necessary.
Prevention of Dermatitis, Atopic:
* Avoiding triggers such as soaps, detergents, and stress
* Keeping the skin well-moisturized
* Avoiding extreme temperatures and humidity
* Wearing soft, breathable clothing
* Using mild cleansers and avoiding harsh chemicals
Early diagnosis and treatment of dermatitis, atopic can help improve the quality of life for those affected. It is important to work with a healthcare professional to develop an appropriate treatment plan and manage symptoms effectively.
Symptoms of vulvar lichen sclerosus may include:
* Itching or burning sensation in the vulva
* Pain during sexual activity
* Difficulty with urination or bowel movements
* Redness and swelling of the affected area
* Thickening and scaling of the skin
Treatment for vulvar lichen sclerosus typically involves topical medications, such as corticosteroids or immunomodulators, to reduce inflammation and thin the skin. In severe cases, oral medications or injections may be necessary. Identifying and avoiding triggers, such as certain soaps or douches, can also help manage symptoms.
In conclusion, vulvar lichen sclerosus is a chronic condition that affects the vulva and can cause discomfort, pain, and difficulty with urination or bowel movements. Treatment typically involves topical medications, and identifying and avoiding triggers can help manage symptoms.
1. Epidermolysis bullosa (EB): A group of rare genetic disorders that affect the skin and mucous membranes, causing blisters and sores to form easily.
2. Ichthyosis: A group of genetic disorders that cause dry, thickened skin and scales to form.
3. Netherton syndrome: A rare genetic disorder that causes a combination of skin symptoms, including thinning of the skin, increased risk of infections, and difficulty healing wounds.
4. Pyoderma gangrenosum: A rare genetic disorder that causes painful, ulcerating sores on the skin.
5. X-linked dystonia-Episodes Myoclonus (XLDE): A rare genetic disorder that causes muscle spasms and movement problems, as well as skin symptoms such as thickened skin and difficulty swallowing.
6. Neurofibromatosis type 1: A genetic disorder that causes tumors to grow on nerve tissue, which can also affect the skin and cause symptoms such as freckling and skin thickening.
7. Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC): A rare genetic disorder that causes non-cancerous growths (tumors) to form in organs such as the brain, heart, kidneys, and skin.
8. Vitiligo: An autoimmune disorder that causes the loss of pigment-producing cells (melanocytes) in the skin, leading to white patches.
9. Alopecia areata: An autoimmune disorder that causes hair loss, often starting with small patches on the scalp or face.
These are just a few examples of genetic skin diseases, and there are many more that can affect the skin in different ways. Treatment for these conditions varies depending on the specific diagnosis and severity of symptoms, but may include medications, lifestyle changes, or surgery to remove growths or improve appearance.
There are several types of flatfoot, including:
1. Congenital flatfoot: This type is present at birth and is caused by a defect in the development of the foot bones.
2. Acquired flatfoot: This type can develop over time due to injuries, arthritis, or other conditions that cause the arch to collapse.
3. Neuromuscular flatfoot: This type is caused by nerve or muscle disorders that affect the ability to control the foot's movements.
4. Traumatic flatfoot: This type is caused by an injury such as a fracture or tear of one or more of the tendons in the foot.
5. Pes planus: This type is characterized by a complete collapse of the arch, causing the entire sole of the foot to be in contact with the ground.
Flatfoot can cause symptoms such as pain in the heel and arch area, swelling, and difficulty walking or standing for long periods. Treatment options vary depending on the severity of the condition and may include conservative measures such as orthotics, physical therapy, and shoe modifications, or surgical interventions to correct the deformity.
The exact cause of rosacea is not known, but it is thought to be related to dysregulation of the immune system, genetic predisposition, and environmental triggers such as sun exposure, stress, and certain skincare products. The condition can worsen over time if left untreated, leading to permanent redness, thickening of the skin, and disfigurement.
Rosacea typically affects fair-skinned individuals, particularly women during their 30s and 40s, although it can also occur in men and people with darker skin tones. There is no cure for rosacea, but various treatments are available to manage its symptoms, including topical creams and gels, oral antibiotics, and laser therapy.
Lifestyle modifications, such as avoiding triggers, protecting the skin from the sun, and maintaining a healthy diet, can also help alleviate rosacea symptoms. It is essential to seek medical advice if you suspect you have rosacea, as early diagnosis and treatment can improve its management and minimize long-term consequences.
The symptoms of acrodermatitis may include:
* Redness and swelling of the skin on the hands and feet
* Blisters or ulcers on the palms and soles
* Itching, burning, or stinging sensations on the affected areas
* Cracking or peeling of the skin on the hands and feet
* Skin thickening and pigmentation on the palms and soles
Acrodermatitis can be diagnosed by a dermatologist based on the appearance of the skin and may require a biopsy to rule out other conditions. Treatment for acrodermatitis typically involves avoiding exposure to allergens or irritants, topical corticosteroids, and in severe cases, systemic medications such as antibiotics or immunosuppressive drugs.
The term "acrodermatitis" is derived from the Greek words "akros," meaning "tip" or "extremity," and "derma," meaning skin. It was first used in the medical literature in the late 19th century to describe a condition characterized by inflammation of the skin on the hands and feet. Since then, the term has been used interchangeably with other terms such as "hand and foot dermatitis" or "acral dermatitis."
In addition to its use in medical literature, the term "acrodermatitis" is also used in some alternative medicine practices to describe a condition characterized by inflammation of the skin on the extremities, typically accompanied by fatigue, fever, and malaise. However, this usage is not widely accepted in conventional medical practice and should be approached with caution.
A group of autoimmune blistering diseases that are characterized by the formation of large, tense bullae on the skin and mucous membranes. These diseases are caused by abnormal immunological responses to certain antigens, which lead to the production of autoantibodies that attack the basement membrane zone of the skin and mucous membranes, causing damage and blister formation.
There are several types of pemphigoid, bullous diseases, including:
* Pemphigoid, benign chronic
* Pemphigoid, severe
* Bullous pemphigoid
* Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita
Symptoms of pemphigoid, bullous diseases may include:
* Blisters on the skin and mucous membranes
* Redness and swelling around the blisters
* Itching or pain
* Fever
Diagnosis of pemphigoid, bullous diseases is based on a combination of clinical findings, laboratory tests, and biopsy. Treatment involves the use of corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, and antibiotics to manage symptoms and prevent complications.
Blisters are caused by friction or rubbing against a surface, which causes the top layer of skin to separate from the underlying layer. This separation creates a space that fills with fluid, forming a blister. Blisters can also be caused by burns, chemical exposure, or other types of injury.
There are different types of blisters, including:
1. Friction blisters: These are the most common type of blister and are caused by friction or rubbing against a surface. They are often seen on the hands, feet, and buttocks.
2. Burn blisters: These are caused by burns and can be more severe than friction blisters.
3. Chemical blisters: These are caused by exposure to chemicals and can be very painful.
4. Blisters caused by medical conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as epidermolysis bullosa (a genetic disorder that affects the skin), can cause blisters to form easily.
Blisters can be treated in several ways, depending on their size and location. Small blisters may not require treatment and can heal on their own within a few days. Larger blisters may need to be drained and covered with a bandage to prevent infection. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary.
Preventing blisters is key to avoiding the discomfort and pain they can cause. To prevent blisters, it is important to:
1. Wear properly fitting shoes and clothing to reduce friction.
2. Use lubricating creams or powders to reduce friction.
3. Take regular breaks to rest and allow the skin to recover.
4. Avoid using harsh chemicals or detergents that can cause irritation.
5. Keep the affected area clean and dry to prevent infection.
In conclusion, blisters are a common and uncomfortable condition that can be caused by a variety of factors. While they can be treated and managed, prevention is key to avoiding the discomfort and pain they can cause. By taking steps to prevent blisters and seeking medical attention if they do occur, individuals can reduce their risk of developing this uncomfortable condition.
There are two main types of acanthosis nigricans:
1. Congenital acanthosis nigricans (CAN): present at birth and usually affects the neck, arms, and legs. This type is associated with certain genetic disorders such as Down syndrome.
2. Acquired acanthosis nigricans (AAN): develops over time and can occur in various parts of the body, particularly in areas exposed to the sun. It is often seen in people with obesity, diabetes, hypothyroidism, and other endocrine disorders.
The exact cause of acanthosis nigricans is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to hormonal imbalances, insulin resistance, and inflammation. Treatment options include topical creams, phototherapy, and systemic medications such as retinoids and anti-diabetic drugs. In some cases, surgical excision may be necessary.
While acanthosis nigricans is not a life-threatening condition, it can have a significant impact on quality of life due to the unsightly appearance of the affected areas and potential skin irritation or infection. Early detection and proper management are essential to prevent complications and improve outcomes.
The exact cause of pemphigoid gestationis is not known, but it is believed to be triggered by hormonal changes during pregnancy. The disease is characterized by the formation of blisters and sores on the skin, which can be painful and itchy. The blisters may contain a fluid that is similar to pus, and they may crust over and scab.
Pemphigoid gestationis typically develops in the second or third trimester of pregnancy, and it is more common in women who are carrying multiples (twins or triplets). The disease can resolve on its own after delivery, but in some cases, it may persist for several months or even years after giving birth.
The symptoms of pemphigoid gestationis can be uncomfortable and disruptive to daily life, and they may include:
* Blisters and sores on the skin
* Itching and pain
* Redness and swelling around the blisters
* Fever
* Headaches
* Fatigue
There is no cure for pemphigoid gestationis, but treatment options are available to manage the symptoms. These may include:
* Topical creams and ointments to soothe the skin and promote healing
* Oral medications to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system
* Phototherapy with ultraviolet light to help heal the skin
* Antibiotics to prevent infection
In some cases, pemphigoid gestationis may be associated with other autoimmune disorders, such as thyroid disease or type 1 diabetes. Women who have had pemphigoid gestationis during one pregnancy are at risk of developing the condition again in future pregnancies.
Overall, while pemphigoid gestationis is a rare and uncomfortable condition, most women who experience it will recover fully with proper treatment and care. However, it is important for women to be aware of the signs and symptoms of the condition and to seek medical attention if they experience any unusual skin changes during pregnancy.
Dermatitis, contact can be acute or chronic, depending on the severity and duration of the exposure. In acute cases, the symptoms may resolve within a few days after removing the offending substance. Chronic dermatitis, on the other hand, can persist for weeks or even months, and may require ongoing treatment to manage the symptoms.
The symptoms of contact dermatitis can vary depending on the individual and the severity of the exposure. Common symptoms include:
* Redness and inflammation of the skin
* Itching and burning sensations
* Swelling and blistering
* Cracks or fissures in the skin
* Difficulty healing or recurring infections
In severe cases, contact dermatitis can lead to complications such as:
* Infection with bacteria or fungi
* Scarring and disfigurement
* Emotional distress and anxiety
Diagnosis of contact dermatitis is typically made based on the patient's medical history and physical examination. Allergic patch testing may also be performed to identify specific allergens that are causing the condition.
Treatment for contact dermatitis usually involves avoiding the offending substance and using topical or oral medications to manage symptoms. In severe cases, systemic corticosteroids or immunosuppressants may be prescribed. Phototherapy and alternative therapies such as herbal remedies or acupuncture may also be considered.
Prevention of contact dermatitis involves identifying and avoiding substances that cause an allergic reaction or skin irritation. Individuals with a history of contact dermatitis should take precautions when handling new substances, and should be aware of the potential for cross-reactivity between different allergens.
There are several types of pemphigus, including:
1. Pemphigus vulgaris: This is the most common form of the disease and is characterized by the formation of large, painful blisters on the skin and mucous membranes.
2. Pemphigus foliaceus: This type of pemphigus is characterized by the formation of smaller, crusting sores on the skin.
3. Pemphigus erythematosus: This type of pemphigus is characterized by the formation of flat, red sores on the skin.
4. Bullous pemphigoid: This is a rare form of pemphigus that is characterized by the formation of large, fluid-filled blisters on the skin.
Treatment for pemphigus typically involves the use of corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary to manage complications such as infection and fluid loss.
Prevention of pemphigus is difficult, but avoiding exposure to known triggers such as certain medications and taking steps to maintain good skin care can help reduce the risk of developing the disease. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent complications and improve outcomes for patients with pemphigus.
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Cutaneous4
- Reticulate configuration of lesions is seen in many primary dermatoses and also as cutaneous reaction patterns consequent to internal pathology. (e-ijd.org)
- Hookworm-related cutaneous larva migrans is a parasitic dermatosis caused by the penetration of larvae, mostly of a dog or cat hookworm, into the epidermis of humans ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)
- Right foot of a patient from Brittany, France, with a hookworm-related cutaneous larva migrans, showing an elevated serpiginous lesion on the sole of the foot (panels A, B) and ulcerative lesions. (cdc.gov)
- Compression products should not be worn and are contraindicated if you have any of the following conditions: Severe arterial insufficiency, cutaneous infections, acute dermatitis, wet dermatosis, uncontrolled congestive heart failure, skin irritations, allergies to dyes. (shopthuasne.com)
Psoriasis2
- All types of Psoriasis, Fissure foot, Fungal dermatosis. (healthurwealth.com)
- 3. [Specific and nonspecific reactivity in foot mycoses in combination with pyoderma, eczema and psoriasis]. (nih.gov)
Inflammation2
- During antimicrobial drug treatment, skin inflammation improved, but after 2 days the patient noticed that an itching red streak had developed, extending from the lesions on the lateral side of the right foot to the whole width of the sole of the foot. (cdc.gov)
- Foot skin inflammation, particularly interdigital intertrigo, was the most common dermatosis. (osti.gov)
Congenital1
- Various congenital and acquired dermatoses present with this pattern of skin lesions. (e-ijd.org)
DERMATITIS1
- Diagnosis of Malassezia dermatitis is based upon history, physical examination, appropriate complementary diagnostic aids to show the presence of Malassezia on the skin, response to specific therapy and exclusion of other dermatoses. (vin.com)
Eczema7
- Vesicular palmoplantar eczema is a term used to describe a group of diseases characterized by a pruritic vesiculobullous eruption involving mainly the hands and feet. (medscape.com)
- 1. [The immune status of patients with foot mycosis and eczema]. (nih.gov)
- 2. [Modification of the Rebuck test and its use in the differentiated evaluation of the activity of the phagocytic reactions in patients with mycoses of the feet and eczema]. (nih.gov)
- 5. [Circulating immune complexes in mycoses and eczema of the skin of the feet]. (nih.gov)
- 11. [Differential clinico-laboratory parallels in mycoses and eczema of the feet]. (nih.gov)
- 16. [Dynamics of the immune status of patients with mycosis of the feet and concomitant eczema during T-activin therapy]. (nih.gov)
- Sanukehl Cand (Pleo™ San Cand) in cases of Candida mycosis, conditions associated with the upper and lower digestive tract (stoatitis, aphthous ulcers, pain in the small intestine, colitis, constipation after treatment with antibiotics), gingivitis, eczema, and dermatosis (especially following antibiotic treatment). (healing4soul.com)
Infections6
- Fungal infections of the feet normally occur in the outermost layer of the skin (epidermis). (nih.gov)
- To assess the effects of topical treatments in successfully treating (rate of treatment failure) fungal infections of the skin of the feet and toenails and in preventing recurrence. (nih.gov)
- Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) using participants who had mycologically diagnosed fungal infections of the skin and nails of the foot. (nih.gov)
- fungal nail infections - in addition to athlete's foot, kids can also get a fungal infection in their toe nails (onychomycosis). (keepkidshealthy.com)
- 19. Prevalence of fungal foot infections in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 - underestimation of moccasin-type tinea. (nih.gov)
- Investigations show that 23% of the foot interdigital intertrigo is caused by mycotic infections. (osti.gov)
Ulcerative1
- Physical examination showed 2 elevated, ulcerative lesions on the lateral side of the right foot, and from each originated an elevated serpiginous lesion ( Figure , panels B and C). These were typical tortuous lesions 2 cm in width. (cdc.gov)
Diseases3
- Skin diseases of the foot, general or unspecified. (nih.gov)
- misc{etde_5239614, title = {Dermatoses of Belchatow brown coal mine employees} author = {Ruszczak, Z, Bienias, L, and Proszczynska-Kuczynska, W} abstractNote = {Evaluates the results of examinations carried out in the Belchatow brown coal surface mine on skin diseases. (osti.gov)
- The disease group of bullous dermatoses includes various diseases with a mainly dermal manifestation. (wholevehicles.com)
Mycoses3
- 14. [Quantitative and qualitative changes in sensitized peripheral blood lymphocytes in mycoses of the feet]. (nih.gov)
- 15. [Immunopathology in foot and hand mycoses and their combined therapy using dekaris]. (nih.gov)
- 18. [The glycolytic status of peripheral blood phagocytes and its therapeutic correction in patients with foot mycoses]. (nih.gov)
Tinea pedis1
- athlete's foot - common in older teens, who can have dry, scaling skin on their feet that itches or burns, especially between their toes, athlete's foot (tinea pedis) is less common in younger children who are more likely to have JPD. (keepkidshealthy.com)
Inflammatory1
- Remember the RICE protocal (Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation) and an age appropriate dose of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, like ibuprofen or naproxen, if your child has a mild sprain, and see your pediatrician if your child sprains their ankle and has severe pain, can't bear weight on their foot, or isn't getting better. (keepkidshealthy.com)
Athlete's foot2
- From athlete's foot to toe walking, your pediatrician can help evaluate your child's foot problems. (keepkidshealthy.com)
- Athlete's foot can usually be treated with an over-the-counter antifungal medication. (keepkidshealthy.com)
Chronic1
- The right footwear is a n important arthritis treatment to people who live with chronic foot pain. (shopthuasne.com)
Examination1
- On examination, he presented the Leser-Trélat differentiation and a certain histological affinity with mammary sign, lower limbs edema, and an exophytic, pink, well-defined fibroadenoma.5 It has a predilection for the extremities, can be tumor on the plantar region of the left foot, with an adjacent single or multiple, and arise in association with various acquired erythematous-crusted plaque (Figure 1). (bvsalud.org)
Secondary2
- Many primary and secondary dermatoses present in such patterns involving specific body sites. (e-ijd.org)
- Common manifestations include a papulovesicular eruption with vesicles on the hands and feet secondary to a fungal infection (dermatophytid). (medscape.com)
Lesion1
- One of the lesions ran across the whole sole of the right foot and was 14 cm in length ( Figure , panels A and C). The medial end of the lesion was fervently erythematous. (cdc.gov)
Itchy2
- Considering all this it's not strange that the phrase 'Itchy feet' means the desire to travel or start something new. (nicolasmelini.com)
- After his return to the Netherlands, the area around 2 presumed mosquito bites at the lateral side of his right foot became red, swollen, and itchy. (cdc.gov)
Itching2
- Although itching in the palm or feet is quite vexing, the superstitions surrounding it are quite fascinating. (nicolasmelini.com)
- Similarly, foot itching is shrouded with multiple beliefs like the harbinger of an impending journey ( a successful one if right and a failed one if left), someone walking on the person would be final resting ground, journey to a new place, sometimes even predicts losses be it friends, time, money, luggage (left toe). (nicolasmelini.com)
Types1
- There are several types of arthritis and they all affect the feet differently. (shopthuasne.com)
Treatment3
- in-toeing - unless a baby's foot is rigid (a sign of club foot), in-toeing is usually normal and doesn't require treatment. (keepkidshealthy.com)
- flat feet - while parents often complain that their kids have flat feet, most have flexible flat feet and don't need treatment. (keepkidshealthy.com)
- On the other hand, some rigid flat feet, which is more rare, and might require treatment. (keepkidshealthy.com)
Search1
- I had no choice but to abandon the safety of my vehicle and venture forth on foot in search of help. (tandun.com)
Common1
- You might joke around that your baby has stinky feet, but it isn't funny when your teen takes off their shoes and everyone leaves the room… Learn what's causing it and about other common foot problems.problems? (keepkidshealthy.com)
Hands2
- Dyshidrosis is a skin condition that is characterized by small blisters on the hands or feet. (tandun.com)
- This complex includes postpartum blistering that primarily affects the patient's hands and feet. (wholevehicles.com)
Present1
- It usually is present in both feet, affecting the same joints in each foot. (shopthuasne.com)
Specific1
- Influence of working conditions specific for brown coal mines on the development of some dermatoses is analyzed. (osti.gov)
Joint1
- In regards to the feet, it can affect the joint that connects your big toe to your foot. (shopthuasne.com)
Problems1
- Do your kids ever complain about problems with their feet? (keepkidshealthy.com)
Care1
- But, a good arthritic foot care should not be limited to the right shoes. (shopthuasne.com)
Pain1
- While it can be normal, if it is leading to foot, ankle, knee, or back pain, then your child likely needs arch supports for his shoes (pronation insoles) or custom made orthotics. (keepkidshealthy.com)
Left1
- Twitching of the right thumb of hand or left thumb of foot denotes success in the endeavour which is taken by the person. (nicolasmelini.com)