Flaviviridae
Flavivirus
Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral
A group of viruses in the genus PESTIVIRUS, causing diarrhea, fever, oral ulcerations, hemorrhagic syndrome, and various necrotic lesions among cattle and other domestic animals. The two species (genotypes), BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 , exhibit antigenic and pathological differences. The historical designation, BVDV, consisted of both (then unrecognized) genotypes.
GB virus A
Pestivirus
A genus of FLAVIVIRIDAE, also known as mucosal disease virus group, which is not arthropod-borne. Transmission is by direct and indirect contact, and by transplacental and congenital transmission. Species include BORDER DISEASE VIRUS, bovine viral diarrhea virus (DIARRHEA VIRUS, BOVINE VIRAL), and CLASSICAL SWINE FEVER VIRUS.
Saguinus
West Nile virus
A species of FLAVIVIRUS, one of the Japanese encephalitis virus group (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, JAPANESE). It can infect birds and mammals. In humans, it is seen most frequently in Africa, Asia, and Europe presenting as a silent infection or undifferentiated fever (WEST NILE FEVER). The virus appeared in North America for the first time in 1999. It is transmitted mainly by CULEX spp mosquitoes which feed primarily on birds, but it can also be carried by the Asian Tiger mosquito, AEDES albopictus, which feeds mainly on mammals.
Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis
Viral Nonstructural Proteins
GB virus C
Classical swine fever virus
Nucleoside-Triphosphatase
An enzyme which catalyzes the hydrolysis of nucleoside triphosphates to nucleoside diphosphates. It may also catalyze the hydrolysis of nucleotide triphosphates, diphosphates, thiamine diphosphates and FAD. The nucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolases I and II are subtypes of the enzyme which are found mostly in viruses.
Encephalitis, St. Louis
A viral encephalitis caused by the St. Louis encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, ST. LOUIS), a FLAVIVIRUS. It is transmitted to humans and other vertebrates primarily by mosquitoes of the genus CULEX. The primary animal vectors are wild birds and the disorder is endemic to the midwestern and southeastern United States. Infections may be limited to an influenza-like illness or present as an ASEPTIC MENINGITIS or ENCEPHALITIS. Clinical manifestations of the encephalitic presentation may include SEIZURES, lethargy, MYOCLONUS, focal neurologic signs, COMA, and DEATH. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p750)
Culex
Dengue Virus
Arboviruses
Arthropod-borne viruses. A non-taxonomic designation for viruses that can replicate in both vertebrate hosts and arthropod vectors. Included are some members of the following families: ARENAVIRIDAE; BUNYAVIRIDAE; REOVIRIDAE; TOGAVIRIDAE; and FLAVIVIRIDAE. (From Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2nd ed)
Encephalitis Virus, Japanese
Yellow fever virus
West Nile Fever
A mosquito-borne viral illness caused by the WEST NILE VIRUS, a FLAVIVIRUS and endemic to regions of Africa, Asia, and Europe. Common clinical features include HEADACHE; FEVER; maculopapular rash; gastrointestinal symptoms; and lymphadenopathy. MENINGITIS; ENCEPHALITIS; and MYELITIS may also occur. The disease may occasionally be fatal or leave survivors with residual neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, p13; Lancet 1998 Sep 5;352(9130):767-71)
RNA Replicase
Hepacivirus
Culicidae
Hepatitis, Viral, Human
Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease
Acute disease of cattle caused by the bovine viral diarrhea viruses (DIARRHEA VIRUSES, BOVINE VIRAL). Often mouth ulcerations are the only sign but fever, diarrhea, drop in milk yield, and loss of appetite are also seen. Severity of clinical disease varies and is strain dependent. Outbreaks are characterized by low morbidity and high mortality.
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Virus Replication
Insect Vectors
Disease Vectors
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Serine Endopeptidases
Aedes
Antiviral Agents
Agents used in the prophylaxis or therapy of VIRUS DISEASES. Some of the ways they may act include preventing viral replication by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; binding to specific cell-surface receptors and inhibiting viral penetration or uncoating; inhibiting viral protein synthesis; or blocking late stages of virus assembly.
Viral Envelope Proteins
Layers of protein which surround the capsid in animal viruses with tubular nucleocapsids. The envelope consists of an inner layer of lipids and virus specified proteins also called membrane or matrix proteins. The outer layer consists of one or more types of morphological subunits called peplomers which project from the viral envelope; this layer always consists of glycoproteins.
Cattle
Dengue
Base Sequence
Amino Acid Sequence
Hepatitis C
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS, a single-stranded RNA virus. Its incubation period is 30-90 days. Hepatitis C is transmitted primarily by contaminated blood parenterally, and is often associated with transfusion and intravenous drug abuse. However, in a significant number of cases, the source of hepatitis C infection is unknown.
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Nucleic Acid Conformation
Carriage of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus RNA is associated with a slower immunologic, virologic, and clinical progression of human immunodeficiency virus disease in coinfected persons. (1/233)
The prevalence of GB virus C (GBV-C) infection is high in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons. However, the long-term consequences of coinfection are unknown. HIV-positive persons with a well-defined duration of infection were screened on the basis of their GBV-C/hepatitis G virus (HGV) RNA status and studied. GBV-C/HGV viremia was observed in 23, who carried the virus over a mean of 7.7 years. All parameters (survival, CDC stage B/C, HIV RNA load, CD4 T cell count) showed significant differences in terms of the cumulative progression rate between persons positive and negative for GBV-C/HGV RNA. When GBV-C/HGV RNA-positive and -unexposed subjects were matched by age, sex, baseline HIV RNA load, and baseline CD4 T cell count, HIV disease progression appeared worse in GBV-C/HGV RNA-negative subjects. The carriage of GBV-C/HGV RNA is associated with a slower progression of HIV disease in coinfected persons. (+info)High prevalence of hepatitis G virus (HGV) infections in dialysis staff. (2/233)
BACKGROUND: Patients on renal replacement therapy, haemodialysis (HD), or after kidney transplantation (TX), are known to be at risk of acquiring blood-borne infections (HBV, HCV). GBV-C/Hepatitis G virus (HGV) has been described recently and is considered to cause blood-borne infections. The aim of this study was to analyse the risk for the medical staff of HD and TX patients to acquire HGV infection. METHODS: Eighty-five HD patients and 86 TX recipients were compared with 49 health-care workers and 64 blood donors as controls. The HGV prevalence was determined by RT-PCR and antibodies to E2 protein. RESULTS: A high prevalence of HGV was found in the medical staff (24%) which nearly corresponded to the prevalence of the patients (TX 36%, HD 25%) but not to the controls (9%). In contrast, the prevalence of HCV was low in the medical staff (2%) and controls (0%) but high in HD (13%) and TX (13%). Age and duration of employment in the department did not significantly influence the HGV prevalence in staff. The number of viraemic subjects in staff was high, possibly indicating a more recent infection. CONCLUSION: An occupational risk for HGV exists in medical staff of dialysis and transplant patients. Further routes of transmission than only parenteral may play a role in this setting. (+info)Sequence heterogeneity within three different regions of the hepatitis G virus genome. (3/233)
Two sets of primers derived from the 5'-terminal region and the NS5 region of the hepatitis G virus (HGV) genome were used to amplify PCR fragments from serum specimens obtained from different parts of the world. All PCR fragments from the 5'-terminal region (5'-PCR, n = 56) and from the NS5 region (NS5-PCR, n = 85) were sequenced and compared to corresponding published HGV sequences. The range of nucleotide sequence similarity varied from 74 and 78% to 100% for 5'-PCR and NS5-PCR fragments, respectively. Additionally, five overlapping PCR fragments comprising an approximately 2.0-kb structural region of the HGV genome were sequenced from each of five sera obtained from three United States residents. These sequences were compared to 20 published sequences comprising the same region of the HGV genome. Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences obtained from different individuals were homologous from 82.9 to 93. 6% and from 90.4 to 99.0%, respectively. Sequences obtained from follow-up specimens were almost identical. Comparative analysis of deduced amino acid sequences of the HGV structural proteins and hepatitis C virus (HCV) structural proteins combined with an analysis of predicted secondary structures and hydrophobic profiles allowed prediction of processing sites within the HGV structural proteins. A phylogenetic sequence analysis performed on the 2.0-kb structural region supports the existence of three previously identified HGV genetic groups. However, phylogenetic analysis performed on only small DNA fragments yielded inconsistent genetic grouping and failed to confirm the existence of genetic groups. Thus, in contrast to HCV where almost any region can be used for genotyping, only large or carefully selected genome fragments can be used to identify consistent HGV genetic groups. (+info)RNA-Stimulated ATPase and RNA helicase activities and RNA binding domain of hepatitis G virus nonstructural protein 3. (4/233)
Hepatitis G virus (HGV) nonstructural protein 3 (NS3) contains amino acid sequence motifs typical of ATPase and RNA helicase proteins. In order to examine the RNA helicase activity of the HGV NS3 protein, the NS3 region (amino acids 904 to 1580) was fused with maltose-binding protein (MBP), and the fusion protein was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified with amylose resin and anion-exchange chromatography. The purified MBP-HGV/NS3 protein possessed RNA-stimulated ATPase and RNA helicase activities. Characterization of the ATPase and RNA helicase activities of MBP-HGV/NS3 showed that the optimal reaction conditions were similar to those of other Flaviviridae viral NS3 proteins. However, the kinetic analysis of NTPase activity showed that the MBP-HGV/NS3 protein had several unique properties compared to the other Flaviviridae NS3 proteins. The HGV NS3 helicase unwinds RNA-RNA duplexes in a 3'-to-5' direction and can unwind RNA-DNA heteroduplexes and DNA-DNA duplexes as well. In a gel retardation assay, the MBP-HGV/NS3 helicase bound to RNA, RNA/DNA, and DNA duplexes with 5' and 3' overhangs but not to blunt-ended RNA duplexes. We also found that the conserved motif VI was important for RNA binding. Further deletion mapping showed that the RNA binding domain was located between residues 1383 and 1395, QRRGRTGRGRSGR. Our data showed that the MBP-HCV/NS3 protein also contains the RNA binding domain in the similar domain. (+info)Identification of a novel genotype of hepatitis G virus in Southeast Asia. (5/233)
Hepatitis G virus (HGV) isolates obtained from 20 Myanmarese and 10 Vietnamese subjects were analyzed. A cluster of isolates not belonging to any known genotype of HGV was found in five Myanmarese subjects and three Vietnamese subjects by phylogenetic analysis, and we classified this new genotype as type 4. These results revealed that the HGV genome can be classified into at least four major genotypes. (+info)Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and GB virus-C infections in Siberia. (6/233)
We studied the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and GB virus-C (GBV-C) infections in 348 Siberian natives who lived in the Kamchatka Peninsula of Russia. Of 348 samples studied, the seroprevalence of HBsAg and anti-HBs were 11.8% (41 of 348 samples) and 35.9% (125 of 348 samples), respectively. The prevalence of HCV infection was 1.4% (5 of 348 samples), and that of GBV-C RNA, using RT-PCR methods, was 7.5% (26 of 348 samples). In Siberia, the prevalences of HBV and GBV-C infections were about tenfold higher than those in Japan. The prevalence of HBsAg in subjects under 50 years of age was significantly higher than that in those over 50 years old (P < 0.05). Because HBV infection is highly endemic in Siberia, we propose that the community-based mass immunization must be conducted as soon as possible in this area. (+info)Analysis of hepatitis G virus (HGV) RNA, antibody to HGV envelope protein, and risk factors for blood donors coinfected with HGV and hepatitis C virus. (7/233)
Serologic, biochemical, and molecular analyses were used to study hepatitis G virus (HGV), antibody to the HGV envelope protein (anti-E2), risk factors, clinical significance, and the impact of HGV on coexistent hepatitis C virus (HCV). Among 329 donors with confirmed HCV infection, 12% were HGV RNA-positive and 44% were anti-E2-positive (total exposure, 56%). HGV RNA and anti-E2 were mutually exclusive except in 9 donors (1.5%); 8 of 9 subsequently lost HGV RNA but anti-E2 persisted. HGV had little impact on alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, or gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in donors with HGV infection alone or those coinfected with HCV. A multivariate analysis showed that intravenous drug abuse was the leading risk factor for HGV transmission, followed by blood transfusion, snorting cocaine, imprisonment, and a history of sexually transmitted diseases. In summary, HGV and HCV infections were frequently associated and shared common parenteral risk factors; HGV did not appear to cause hepatitis or to worsen the course of coexistent hepatitis C. (+info)Early acquisition of TT virus (TTV) in an area endemic for TTV infection. (8/233)
TT virus (TTV) is widely distributed, with high frequencies of viremia in South America, Central Africa, and Papua New Guinea. The incidence and timing of infection in children born in a rural area of the Democratic Republic of Congo was investigated. TTV viremia was detected in 61 (58%) of 105 women attending an antenatal clinic and in 36 (54%) of 68 infants. Most infants acquired the infection at >/=3 months postpartum. Surprisingly, TTV infection was detected in a large proportion of children with TTV-negative mothers (13 [43%] of 30). Nucleotide sequences of TTV-infected children were frequently epidemiologically unlinked to variants detected in the mother. These three aspects contrast with the maternal transmission of hepatitis G virus/GB virus C in this cohort and suggest an environmental source of TTV infection comparable to hepatitis A virus and other enterically transmitted infections. (+info)
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Hepacivirus genus (family Flaviviridae) is an expressive example of a viral genus that grew with the advent of metagenomics. ... Hepacivirus genus (family Flaviviridae) is an expressive example of a viral genus that grew with the advent of metagenomics. ... O gênero Hepacivirus (família Flaviviridae) é um exemplo expressivo de gênero viral que cresceu rapidamente com o advento da ... O gênero Hepacivirus (família Flaviviridae) é um exemplo expressivo de gênero viral que cr ... ...
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Usutu virus (USUV), a member of the mosquito-borne clade within the Flaviviridae family, was responsible for avian mortality in ... abstract = "Usutu virus (USUV), a member of the mosquito-borne clade within the Flaviviridae family, was responsible for avian ... N2 - Usutu virus (USUV), a member of the mosquito-borne clade within the Flaviviridae family, was responsible for avian ... AB - Usutu virus (USUV), a member of the mosquito-borne clade within the Flaviviridae family, was responsible for avian ...
X-ray inactivation of RNA viruses without loss of biological characteristics<...
... required for the effective inactivation of zoonotic viruses belonging to the medically important families of Flaviviridae, ... required for the effective inactivation of zoonotic viruses belonging to the medically important families of Flaviviridae, ... required for the effective inactivation of zoonotic viruses belonging to the medically important families of Flaviviridae, ... required for the effective inactivation of zoonotic viruses belonging to the medically important families of Flaviviridae, ...
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Flavivirus8
- Multiple Lineages of Usutu Virus (Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) in Blackbirds (Turdus merula) and Mosquitoes (Culex pipiens, Cx. (cas.cz)
- Zika virus (ZIKV) is a member of the Flaviviridae virus family and the Flavivirus genus. (sampspeak.in)
- Dengue is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects humans and animals which is caused by the dengue virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family and genus Flavivirus. (verifiedmarketresearch.com)
- 2019;10:753 Abstract Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) in the Flavivirus genus of the Flaviviridae family. (penta-id.org)
- Vírus Zika patrí do čeľade Flaviviridae a rodu Flavivirus (patria sem aj vírusy žltej zimnice, horúčky Dengue, Japonskej encefalitídy, Západonílskej horúčky a kliešťovej encefalitídy). (ruvzpd.sk)
- Zika virus (ZIKV) is a member of the Flaviviridae virus own family and the Flavivirus genus, transmitted with the aid of daylight hours-lively Aedes mosquitoes, which include A. aegypti. (perfectz.net)
- This assessment, we largely focus on zoonotic encephalitides brought on by arthropod-borne malware (arboviruses) with the families Flaviviridae (genus Flavivirus) and Togaviridae (genus Alphavirus) that are crucial in both humans and domestic family pets. (eflstudy.com)
- Arboviruses are contained in different taxonomic families, including Flaviviridae (genus Flavivirus), Bunyaviridae (genus Nairovirus, Orthobunyavirus, Phlebovirus, and Tospovirus), Togaviridae (genus Alphavirus), Rhabdoviridae (genus Vesiculovirus), Orthomyxoviridae (genus Thogotovirus), and Reoviridae (genus Orbivirus and Coltivirus) Most of the important zoonotic arboviruses are part of the people Togaviridae and Flaviviridae [2]. (eflstudy.com)
Viruses8
- Arenaviridae , Bunyaviridae , Filoviridae and Flaviviridae are all RNA viruses that can induce a coagulopathy in infected patients. (rcsi.com)
- Guided by Monte Carlo modelling and in vitro 1-log 10 decimal-reduction value (D-value) predictions, the X-ray photon energies required for the effective inactivation of zoonotic viruses belonging to the medically important families of Flaviviridae, Nairoviridae, Phenuiviridae and Togaviridae are demonstrated. (phe.gov.uk)
- The West Nile virus belongs to the Flaviviridae family of viruses. (ushealth.com)
- The Hepacivirus genus comprises single-stranded positive-sense RNA viruses within the family Flaviviridae. (iec.gov.br)
- This is because both these viruses belong to the same family called the Flaviviridae and the same mosquitoes transmit them. (top-health-today.com)
- Dengue is a viral infection caused by four types of viruses (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, DENV-4) belonging to the Flaviviridae family. (traveldoctor.network)
- Among the viral communities infecting Caribbean ticks, we selected four viruses belonging to the Chuviridae, Phenuiviridae and Flaviviridae families for further characterization and designing antibody screening tests. (pasteur.fr)
- It can pass to animals and humans if they are bitten by an infected mosquito WNV is a virus of the Flaviviridae family, which includes the viruses responsible for Japanese encephalitis and dengue fever. (gdiworkathome.com)
Genus2
- Hepacivirus genus (family Flaviviridae) is an expressive example of a viral genus that grew with the advent of metagenomics. (ufrgs.br)
- The causative factor of Zika virus disease is a virus in the family Flaviviridae spread predominantly by a mosquito in the Aedes genus. (firebaseapp.com)
Zika2
- Zika Virus infection is caused by the Zika Virus (ZIKV) belonging to the Flaviviridae family. (traveldoctor.network)
- A digitally-colorized transmission electron micrograph of Zika virus, which is a member of the family Flaviviridae. (blogspot.com)
Family5
- Usutu virus (USUV), a member of the mosquito-borne clade within the Flaviviridae family, was responsible for avian mortality in Austria in 2001. (elsevier.com)
- FAO Animal hog cholera, which is caused by a Pestivirus in the Flaviviridae family. (pwnagetool-windows-live-messenger.com)
- Hepatitis C virus is a small (55-65 nm in size), enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae. (cd-diatest.com)
- This review describes what is known about the diversity of HCV, the current classification of HCV genotypes within the family Flaviviridae and how this genetic diversity contributes to its pathogenesis. (ox.ac.uk)
- This arbovirus belongs to Flaviviridae family and is spread to humans through the bite of an infected female Aedes aegypti mosquito and to a lesser extent from the Aedes albopictus species. (aphaih.org)
Hepacivirus2
- No Evidence of Mosquito Involvement in the Transmission of Equine Hepacivirus (Flaviviridae) in an Epidemiological Survey of Austrian Horses. (nih.gov)
- O gênero Hepacivirus (família Flaviviridae) é um exemplo expressivo de gênero viral que cresceu rapidamente com o advento da metagenômica. (ufrgs.br)
Virus1
- Other NCPV Flaviviridae cited in literature in 2016 included NCPV 0006041v (Dengue 2 New Guinea C strain) and NCPV 0209291v (West Nile Virus NY99) that were used by scientists based in Italy, Spain and USA to validate the human enzyme DDX3 as a therapeutic target 6 . (phe-culturecollections.org.uk)