Fimbriae proteins. Medical search

Proteins that are structural components of bacterial fimbriae (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL) or sex pili (PILI, SEX).

Thin, hairlike appendages, 1 to 20 microns in length and often occurring in large numbers, present on the cells of gram-negative bacteria, particularly Enterobacteriaceae and Neisseria. Unlike flagella, they do not possess motility, but being protein (pilin) in nature, they possess antigenic and hemagglutinating properties. They are of medical importance because some fimbriae mediate the attachment of bacteria to cells via adhesins (ADHESINS, BACTERIAL). Bacterial fimbriae refer to common pili, to be distinguished from the preferred use of "pili", which is confined to sex pili (PILI, SEX).

Physicochemical property of fimbriated (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL) and non-fimbriated bacteria of attaching to cells, tissue, and nonbiological surfaces. It is a factor in bacterial colonization and pathogenicity.

Thin, filamentous protein structures, including proteinaceous capsular antigens (fimbrial antigens), that mediate adhesion of E. coli to surfaces and play a role in pathogenesis. They have a high affinity for various epithelial cells.

The aggregation of ERYTHROCYTES by AGGLUTININS, including antibodies, lectins, and viral proteins (HEMAGGLUTINATION, VIRAL).

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.

A species of gram-negative, anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria originally classified within the BACTEROIDES genus. This bacterium produces a cell-bound, oxygen-sensitive collagenase and is isolated from the human mouth.

A genus of gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria whose organisms are nonmotile. Filaments that may be present in certain species are either straight or wavy and may have swollen or clubbed heads.

Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI.

Agents that cause agglutination of red blood cells. They include antibodies, blood group antigens, lectins, autoimmune factors, bacterial, viral, or parasitic blood agglutinins, etc.

Cell-surface components or appendages of bacteria that facilitate adhesion (BACTERIAL ADHESION) to other cells or to inanimate surfaces. Most fimbriae (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL) of gram-negative bacteria function as adhesins, but in many cases it is a minor subunit protein at the tip of the fimbriae that is the actual adhesin. In gram-positive bacteria, a protein or polysaccharide surface layer serves as the specific adhesin. What is sometimes called polymeric adhesin (BIOFILMS) is distinct from protein adhesin.

Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity.

Proteins found in any species of bacterium.

Strains of ESCHERICHIA COLI that produce or contain at least one member of either heat-labile or heat-stable ENTEROTOXINS. The organisms colonize the mucosal surface of the small intestine and elaborate their enterotoxins causing DIARRHEA. They are mainly associated with tropical and developing countries and affect susceptible travelers to those places.

A property of the surface of an object that makes it stick to another surface.

Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA.

A hexose or fermentable monosaccharide and isomer of glucose from manna, the ash Fraxinus ornus and related plants. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed & Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

Proteins obtained from ESCHERICHIA COLI.

The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.

A serotype of Salmonella enterica which is an etiologic agent of gastroenteritis in man and other animals.

Sensitive tests to measure certain antigens, antibodies, or viruses, using their ability to agglutinate certain erythrocytes. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

Filamentous or elongated proteinaceous structures which extend from the cell surface in gram-negative bacteria that contain certain types of conjugative plasmid. These pili are the organs associated with genetic transfer and have essential roles in conjugation. Normally, only one or a few pili occur on a given donor cell. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed, p675) This preferred use of "pili" refers to the sexual appendage, to be distinguished from bacterial fimbriae (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL), also known as common pili, which are usually concerned with adhesion.

Protein domains that are enriched in PROLINE. The cyclical nature of proline causes the peptide bonds it forms to have a limited degree of conformational mobility. Therefore the presence of multiple prolines in close proximity to each other can convey a distinct conformational arrangement to a peptide chain.

A species of ACTINOMYCES found in the oral cavity of man and hamsters. It has been isolated from actinomycotic lesions in swine, cats, and dogs and has been identified as a causative agent of animal diseases.

The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.

Strains of Escherichia coli that preferentially grow and persist within the urinary tract. They exhibit certain virulence factors and strategies that cause urinary tract infections.

Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.

A blood group related to the ABO, Lewis and I systems. At least five different erythrocyte antigens are possible, some very rare, others almost universal. Multiple alleles are involved in this blood group.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria.

Inflammation of the KIDNEY involving the renal parenchyma (the NEPHRONS); KIDNEY PELVIS; and KIDNEY CALICES. It is characterized by ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; NAUSEA; VOMITING; and occasionally DIARRHEA.

Encrustations, formed from microbes (bacteria, algae, fungi, plankton, or protozoa) embedding in extracellular polymers, that adhere to surfaces such as teeth (DENTAL DEPOSITS); PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; and catheters. Biofilms are prevented from forming by treating surfaces with DENTIFRICES; DISINFECTANTS; ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS; and antifouling agents.

Mannosides formed by the reaction of the hydroxyl group on the anomeric carbon atom of mannose with methyl alcohol. They include both alpha- and beta-methylmannosides.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria that is the causative agent of WHOOPING COUGH. Its cells are minute coccobacilli that are surrounded by a slime sheath.

A family of proline-rich proteins that constitute the majority of the protein component of SALIVA. Salivary proline-rich proteins occur as acidic, basic and glycosylated basic proteins. They perform a variety of functions such as adhering to the acquired ENAMEL PELLICLE, acting as lubricants and precipitating TANNINS.

Immunoglobulins produced in a response to BACTERIAL ANTIGENS.

The duct which coveys URINE from the pelvis of the KIDNEY through the URETERS, BLADDER, and URETHRA.

A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria that is numerous in the mouth and throat. It is a common cause of endocarditis and is also implicated in dental plaque formation.

Gram-negative, non-motile, capsulated, gas-producing rods found widely in nature and associated with urinary and respiratory infections in humans.

A genus of gram-negative, anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria. Its organisms are normal inhabitants of the oral, respiratory, intestinal, and urogenital cavities of humans, animals, and insects. Some species may be pathogenic.

The clumping together of suspended material resulting from the action of AGGLUTININS.

Those components of an organism that determine its capacity to cause disease but are not required for its viability per se. Two classes have been characterized: TOXINS, BIOLOGICAL and surface adhesion molecules that effect the ability of the microorganism to invade and colonize a host. (From Davis et al., Microbiology, 4th ed. p486)

Proteins and peptides found in SALIVA and the SALIVARY GLANDS. Some salivary proteins such as ALPHA-AMYLASES are enzymes, but their composition varies in different individuals.

In bacteria, a group of metabolically related genes, with a common promoter, whose transcription into a single polycistronic MESSENGER RNA is under the control of an OPERATOR REGION.

A serotype of Salmonella enterica that is a frequent agent of Salmonella gastroenteritis in humans. It also causes PARATYPHOID FEVER.

Infections with bacteria of the genus PROTEUS.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.

Microscopy in which the samples are first stained immunocytochemically and then examined using an electron microscope. Immunoelectron microscopy is used extensively in diagnostic virology as part of very sensitive immunoassays.

Glycosides formed by the reaction of the hydroxyl group on the anomeric carbon atom of mannose with an alcohol to form an acetal. They include both alpha- and beta-mannosides.

Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.

An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of water-holding capacity of insoluble solids to total water, rather than the amount of water present. Diarrhea is not hyperdefecation or increased fecal weight.

Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.

A set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene. Such genes may be clustered together on the same chromosome or dispersed on different chromosomes. Examples of multigene families include those that encode the hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, histocompatibility antigens, actins, tubulins, keratins, collagens, heat shock proteins, salivary glue proteins, chorion proteins, cuticle proteins, yolk proteins, and phaseolins, as well as histones, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes. The latter three are examples of reiterated genes, where hundreds of identical genes are present in a tandem array. (King & Stanfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Infections with bacteria of the family BACTEROIDACEAE.

A glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol (GPI) - anchored membrane protein found on the thick ascending limb of the LOOP OF HENLE. The cleaved form of the protein is found abundantly in URINE.

A triangular double membrane separating the anterior horns of the LATERAL VENTRICLES of the brain. It is situated in the median plane and bounded by the CORPUS CALLOSUM and the body and columns of the FORNIX (BRAIN).

A whiplike motility appendage present on the surface cells. Prokaryote flagella are composed of a protein called FLAGELLIN. Bacteria can have a single flagellum, a tuft at one pole, or multiple flagella covering the entire surface. In eukaryotes, flagella are threadlike protoplasmic extensions used to propel flagellates and sperm. Flagella have the same basic structure as CILIA but are longer in proportion to the cell bearing them and present in much smaller numbers. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Tests that are dependent on the clumping of cells, microorganisms, or particles when mixed with specific antiserum. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

A group of compounds with the general formula M10(PO4)6(OH)2, where M is barium, strontium, or calcium. The compounds are the principal mineral in phosphorite deposits, biological tissue, human bones, and teeth. They are also used as an anticaking agent and polymer catalysts. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Process of determining and distinguishing species of bacteria or viruses based on antigens they share.

A thin protein film on the surface of DENTAL ENAMEL. It is widely believed to result from the selective adsorption of precursor proteins present in SALIVA onto tooth surfaces, and to reduce microbial adherence to the TEETH.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

One or more layers of EPITHELIAL CELLS, supported by the basal lamina, which covers the inner or outer surfaces of the body.

The technique of washing tissue specimens with a concentrated solution of a heavy metal salt and letting it dry. The specimen will be covered with a very thin layer of the metal salt, being excluded in areas where an adsorbed macromolecule is present. The macromolecules allow electrons from the beam of an electron microscope to pass much more readily than the heavy metal; thus, a reversed or negative image of the molecule is created.

Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

A genus of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria occurring as rods (subgenus Moraxella) or cocci (subgenus Branhamella). Its organisms are parasitic on the mucous membranes of humans and other warm-blooded animals.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria found in soil, water, food, and clinical specimens. It is a prominent opportunistic pathogen for hospitalized patients.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent or treat both enterotoxigenic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infections.

Antigens on surfaces of cells, including infectious or foreign cells or viruses. They are usually protein-containing groups on cell membranes or walls and may be isolated.

Inflammation of the URINARY BLADDER, either from bacterial or non-bacterial causes. Cystitis is usually associated with painful urination (dysuria), increased frequency, urgency, and suprapubic pain.

Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of the genus Sus.

Mutagenesis where the mutation is caused by the introduction of foreign DNA sequences into a gene or extragenic sequence. This may occur spontaneously in vivo or be experimentally induced in vivo or in vitro. Proviral DNA insertions into or adjacent to a cellular proto-oncogene can interrupt GENETIC TRANSLATION of the coding sequences or interfere with recognition of regulatory elements and cause unregulated expression of the proto-oncogene resulting in tumor formation.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

Role of DnaK in in vitro and in vivo expression of virulence factors of Vibrio cholerae. (1/1658)

The dnaK gene of Vibrio cholerae was cloned, sequenced, and used to construct a dnaK insertion mutant which was then used to examine the role of DnaK in expression of the major virulence factors of this important human pathogen. The central regulator of several virulence genes of V. cholerae is ToxR, a transmembrane DNA binding protein. The V. cholerae dnaK mutant grown in standard laboratory medium exhibited phenotypes characteristic of cells deficient in ToxR activity. Using Northern blot analysis and toxR transcriptional fusions, we demonstrated a reduction in expression of the toxR gene in the dnaK mutant strain together with a concomitant increase in expression of a htpG-like heat shock gene that is located immediately upstream and is divergently transcribed from toxR. This may be due to increased heat shock induction in the dnaK mutant. In vivo, however, although expression from heat shock promoters in the dnaK mutant was similar to that observed in vitro, expression of both toxR and htpG was comparable to that by the parental strain. In both strains, in vivo expression of toxR was significantly higher than that observed in vitro, but no reciprocal decrease in htpG expression was observed. These results suggest that the modulation of toxR expression in vivo may be different from that observed in vitro. (+info)

Genetic characterization of a new type IV-A pilus gene cluster found in both classical and El Tor biotypes of Vibrio cholerae. (2/1658)

The Vibrio cholerae genome contains a 5.4-kb pil gene cluster that resembles the Aeromonas hydrophila tap gene cluster and other type IV-A pilus assembly operons. The region consists of five complete open reading frames designated pilABCD and yacE, based on the nomenclature of related genes from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli K-12. This cluster is present in both classical and El Tor biotypes, and the pilA and pilD genes are 100% conserved. The pilA gene encodes a putative type IV pilus subunit. However, deletion of pilA had no effect on either colonization of infant mice or adherence to HEp-2 cells, demonstrating that pilA does not encode the primary subunit of a pilus essential for these processes. The pilD gene product is similar to other type IV prepilin peptidases, proteins that process type IV signal sequences. Mutational analysis of the pilD gene showed that pilD is essential for secretion of cholera toxin and hemagglutinin-protease, mannose-sensitive hemagglutination (MSHA), production of toxin-coregulated pili, and colonization of infant mice. Defects in these functions are likely due to the lack of processing of N termini of four Eps secretion proteins, four proteins of the MSHA cluster, and TcpB, all of which contain type IV-A leader sequences. Some pilD mutants also showed reduced adherence to HEp-2 cells, but this defect could not be complemented in trans, indicating that the defect may not be directly due to a loss of pilD. Taken together, these data demonstrate the effectiveness of the V. cholerae genome project for rapid identification and characterization of potential virulence factors. (+info)

Molecular basis for the enterocyte tropism exhibited by Salmonella typhimurium type 1 fimbriae. (3/1658)

Salmonella typhimurium exhibits a distinct tropism for mouse enterocytes that is linked to their expression of type 1 fimbriae. The distinct binding traits of Salmonella type 1 fimbriae is also reflected in their binding to selected mannosylated proteins and in their ability to promote secondary bacterial aggregation on enterocyte surfaces. The determinant of binding in Salmonella type 1 fimbriae is a 35-kDa structurally distinct fimbrial subunit, FimHS, because inactivation of fimHS abolished binding activity in the resulting mutant without any apparent effect on fimbrial expression. Surprisingly, when expressed in the absence of other fimbrial components and as a translational fusion protein with MalE, FimHS failed to demonstrate any specific binding tropism and bound equally to all cells and mannosylated proteins tested. To determine if the binding specificity of Salmonella type 1 fimbriae was determined by the fimbrial shaft that is intimately associated with FimHS, we replaced the amino-terminal half of FimHS with the corresponding sequence from Escherichia coli FimH (FimHE) that contains the receptor binding domain of FimHE. The resulting hybrid fimbriae bearing FimHES on a Salmonella fimbrial shaft exhibited binding traits that resembled that of Salmonella rather than E. coli fimbriae. Apparently, the quaternary constraints imposed by the fimbrial shaft on the adhesin determine the distinct binding traits of S. typhimurium type 1 fimbriae. (+info)

Natural competence for DNA transformation by Legionella pneumophila and its association with expression of type IV pili. (4/1658)

We have recently described the expression of two pili of different lengths on the surface of Legionella pneumophila (B. J. Stone and Y. Abu Kwaik, Infect. Immun. 66:1768-1775, 1998). Production of long pili requires a functional pilEL locus, encoding a type IV pilin protein. Since type IV pili in Neisseria gonorrhoeae are associated with competence for DNA transformation, we examined the competence of L. pneumophila for DNA transformation under conditions that allowed the expression of type IV pili. We show that L. pneumophila is naturally competent for DNA transformation by isogenic chromosomal DNA and by plasmid DNA containing L. pneumophila DNA. Many different L. pneumophila loci are able to transform L. pneumophila after addition of plasmid DNA, including gspA, ppa, asd, and pilEL. The transformation frequency is reduced when competing DNA containing either L. pneumophila DNA or vector sequences is added to the bacteria, suggesting that uptake-specific sequences may not be involved in DNA uptake. Competence for DNA transformation correlates with expression of the type IV pili, and a pilEL mutant defective in expression of type IV pili is not competent for DNA transformation. Complementation of the mutant for competence is restored by the reintroduction of a cosmid that restores production of type IV pili. Minimal competence is restored to the mutant by introduction of pilEL alone. We conclude that competence for DNA transformation in L. pneumophila is associated with expression of the type IV pilus and results in recombination of L. pneumophila DNA into the chromosome. Since expression of type IV pili also facilitates attachment of L. pneumophila to mammalian cells and protozoa, we designated the type IV pili CAP (for competence- and adherence-associated pili). (+info)

Environmental signals modulate ToxT-dependent virulence factor expression in Vibrio cholerae. (5/1658)

The regulatory protein ToxT directly activates the transcription of virulence factors in Vibrio cholerae, including cholera toxin (CT) and the toxin-coregulated pilus (TCP). Specific environmental signals stimulate virulence factor expression by inducing the transcription of toxT. We demonstrate that transcriptional activation by the ToxT protein is also modulated by environmental signals. ToxT expressed from an inducible promoter activated high-level expression of CT and TCP in V. cholerae at 30 degrees C, but expression of CT and TCP was significantly decreased or abolished by the addition of 0.4% bile to the medium and/or an increase of the temperature to 37 degrees C. Also, expression of six ToxT-dependent TnphoA fusions was modulated by temperature and bile. Measurement of ToxT-dependent transcription of genes encoding CT and TCP by ctxAp- and tcpAp-luciferase fusions confirmed that negative regulation by 37 degrees C or bile occurs at the transcriptional level in V. cholerae. Interestingly, ToxT-dependent transcription of these same promoters in Salmonella typhimurium was relatively insensitive to regulation by temperature or bile. These data are consistent with ToxT transcriptional activity being modulated by environmental signals in V. cholerae and demonstrate an additional level of complexity governing the expression of virulence factors in this pathogen. We propose that negative regulation of ToxT-dependent transcription by environmental signals prevents the incorrect temporal and spatial expression of virulence factors during cholera pathogenesis. (+info)

Roles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa las and rhl quorum-sensing systems in control of twitching motility. (6/1658)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitous environmental bacterium and an important human pathogen. The production of several virulence factors by P. aeruginosa is controlled through two quorum-sensing systems, las and rhl. We have obtained evidence that both the las and rhl quorum-sensing systems are also required for type 4 pilus-dependent twitching motility and infection by the pilus-specific phage D3112cts. Mutants which lack the ability to synthesize PAI-1, PAI-2, or both autoinducers were significantly or greatly impaired in twitching motility and in susceptibility to D3112cts. Twitching motility and phage susceptibility in the autoinducer-deficient mutants were partially restored by exposure to exogenous PAI-1 and PAI-2. Both twitching motility and infection by pilus-specific phage are believed to be dependent on the extension and retraction of polar type 4 pili. Western blot analysis of whole-cell lysates and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays of intact cells were used to measure the amounts of pilin on the cell surfaces of las and rhl mutants relative to that of the wild type. It appears that PAI-2 plays a crucial role in twitching motility and phage infection by affecting the export and assembly of surface type 4 pili. The ability of P. aeruginosa cells to adhere to human bronchial epithelial cells was also found to be dependent on the rhl quorum-sensing system. Microscopic analysis of twitching motility indicated that mutants which were unable to synthesize PAI-1 were defective in the maintenance of cellular monolayers and migrating packs of cells. Thus, PAI-1 appears to have an essential role in maintaining cell-cell spacing and associations required for effective twitching motility. (+info)

The level of expression of the minor pilin subunit, CooD, determines the number of CS1 pili assembled on the cell surface of Escherichia coli. (7/1658)

CooD, the minor subunit of CS1 pili of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, is essential for the assembly of stable, functional pili. We previously proposed that CooD is a rate-limiting initiator of CS1 pilus assembly and predicted that the level of CooD expression should therefore determine the number of CS1 pili assembled on the cell surface. In this study, we confirm that CooD is required for the initiation of pilus assembly rather than for the stabilization of pili after they are assembled by demonstrating that specific modulation of cooD expression also modulates the number of CS1 pili on bacterial cells. (+info)

Characterization of the recD gene of Neisseria gonorrhoeae MS11 and the effect of recD inactivation on pilin variation and DNA transformation. (8/1658)

Pilin antigenic variation in Neisseria gonorrhoeae may result following intrachromosomal recombination between homologous pil genes. Despite extensive study, recA is the only previously characterized gene known to be involved in this process. In this study, the gonococcal recD gene, encoding one subunit of the putative RecBCD holoenzyme, was characterized and its role in pilin variation assessed. The complete recD gene of N. gonorrhoeae MS11 was cloned and its nucleotide sequence determined. The gonococcal recD gene complemented a defined Escherichia coli recD mutant, based on plaque formation of bacteriophage lambda and the restoration of ATP-dependent nuclease activity. Inactivation of the gonococcal recD gene had no measurable effect on cell viability or survival following UV exposure, but did decrease the frequency of DNA transformation approximately threefold. The frequency at which non-parental pilin phenotypes were spawned was 12-fold greater in MS11 recD mutants compared with the parental MS11 rec+ strain. Similar results were obtained using recD mutants that were not competent for DNA transformation. Complementation of the MS11 recD mutant with a wild-type recD gene copy restored the frequency of pilin phenotypic variation to approximately wild-type levels. The nucleotide changes at pilE in the recD mutants were confined to the variable regions of the gene and were similar to changes previously attributed to gene conversion. (+info)

The fimbrial usher protein is involved in biogenesis of the pilus in Gram-negative bacteria. The biogenesis of some fimbriae ( ... Schifferli DM, Alrutz MA (1994). "Permissive linker insertion sites in the outer membrane protein of 987P fimbriae of ... Protein domains, Protein families, Outer membrane proteins). ... The usher protein has a molecular weight ranging from 86 to 100 ... Capitani G, Eidam O, Grütter MG (2006). "Evidence for a novel domain of bacterial outer membrane ushers". Proteins. 65 (4): 816 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fimbrial_usher_protein

Rgp gingipains are necessary for adhesion and invasion as they processed precursor proteins of long fimbriae. The P. gingivalis ... Short fimbriae (Mfa1), also known as minor fimbriae, have distinct roles from long fimbriae and are characterized to be ... P. gingivalis has long fimbriae, short fimbriae, and accessory components, each of which have distinct functions. Long fimbriae ... Fim C, D, and E accessory components associate with the main FimA protein and have a role in binding with matrix proteins and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porphyromonas_gingivalis

The genes encoding for many of these proteins, such as fhaB (filamentous hemagglutinin) and fimA (fimbriae), as well as genes ... Components enabling its attachment include pili, filamentous hemagglutinin, fimbriae, protein autotransporters, outer membrane ... and transferrin-binding proteins. The typical host for Bordetella avium is the turkey. In turkeys this bacteria primarily leads ... which are then attached to proteins that are critical for the cell's survival. Virulence also requires iron, which is acquired ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bordetella_avium

Fimbriae (sometimes called "attachment pili") are protein tubes that extend out from the outer membrane in many members of the ... Fimbriae usually function to facilitate the attachment of a bacterium to a surface (e.g. to form a biofilm) or to other cells ( ... About half of the dry mass of a bacterial cell consists of carbon, and also about half of it can be attributed to proteins. ... The periplasm is thought to exist in a gel-like state rather than a liquid due to the high concentration of proteins and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_cell_structure

Fimbriae are formed of a protein called pilin (antigenic) and are responsible for the attachment of bacteria to specific ... A fimbria (plural fimbriae also known as a pilus, plural pili) is a short, thin, hair-like filament found on the surface of ... The subunit protein of microfilaments is a small, monomeric protein called actin. The subunit of microtubules is a dimeric ... The ER has two forms: the rough ER, which has ribosomes on its surface that secrete proteins into the ER, and the smooth ER, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_(biology)

Adhesion is due to hydrophobic fimbriae, fibrils, lipids and proteins of the outer membrane and some small molecules of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrocarbonoclastic_bacteria

Most fimbria of gram-negative bacteria function as adhesins, but in many cases it is a minor subunit protein at the tip of the ... However, as in the case of the CFA1 fimbriae, the structural protein itself can sometimes act as an adhesion if a portion of ... Davies, J. K.; Koomey, J. M.; Seifert, H. S. (1994). "Pili (fimbriae) of Neisseria gonorrhoeae". In Klemm, Per (ed.). Fimbriae ... The bacterium synthesizes a precursor protein consisting of 300 amino acids then processes the protein by removing several ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_adhesin

... is capable of carrying out its normal functions of regulating curli proteins (fimbria) and producing ECM polysaccharides ( ... D59 of the protein's primary sequence. Therefore, in the protein's active form (unphosphorylated), ... CsgD is a transcription and response regulator protein referenced to as the master modulator of bacterial biofilm development. ... Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Bacterial proteins). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CsgD

Fimbriae+Proteins at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) (CS1: long volume value, Articles with ... Fimbriae are only visible with the use of an electron microscope. They may be straight or flexible. Fimbriae possess adhesins ... This layer, called a pellicle, consists of many aerobic bacteria that adhere to the surface by their fimbriae. Thus, fimbriae ... The terms pilus and fimbria (Latin for 'fringe'; plural: fimbriae) can be used interchangeably, although some researchers ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilus

There are many fimbriae on mainly Gram-negative bacteria, so displaying proteins on fimbriae is advantageous over some other ... There are various scaffolds which have been used such as outer membrane proteins, fimbriae/flagella proteins and CPX ( ... Once the heterologous protein has been fused with the bacterial cell surface protein, it is exposed to either an enzyme, a cell ... Another method of heterologous protein fusion is fusion with fimbriae/flagella, which are filamentous protrusions on the cell ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_display

... by binding their interfacing regions and facilitating correct protein folding before bringing them to the usher/fimbriae ... In chaperone/usher fimbriae there are broadly two types of classification: Based on the type of usher present, or based on the ... These fimbriae are built up out of modular pilus subunits, which are transported into the periplasm in a Sec dependent manner. ... Chaperone/usher fimbriae have many roles, in many stages of pathogenicity in several species. The most well understood are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaperone-usher_fimbriae

The fimbriae is assembled by a chaperone-usher system, and proteins required for the assembly are expressed by the Pap operon, ... The main body of the fimbriae is composed of approx. 1000 copies of the major fimbrial subunit protein PapA, forming a helical ... P fimbriae mediate adherence to host cells, a key event in the pathogenesis of urinary tract infections. P fimbriae are large, ... June 2019). "Fimbriae reprogram host gene expression - Divergent effects of P and type 1 fimbriae". PLOS Pathogens. 15 (6): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P_fimbriae

P. gingivalis mutants lacking OmpA-like proteins Pgm6/7 had reduced adherence to stimulated HUVECs, but fimbriae-deficient ... Shirure VS, Reynolds NM, Burdick MM (2012). "Mac-2 binding protein is a novel E-selectin ligand expressed by breast cancer ... E-selectin recognizes and binds to sialylated carbohydrates present on the surface proteins of certain leukocytes. E-selectin ... Cell adhesion proteins, Clusters of differentiation, Glycoproteins, Transmembrane receptors, Selectins, Biomarkers). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-selectin

Fimbriae (sometimes called "attachment pili") are fine filaments of protein, usually 2-10 nanometres in diameter and up to ... The bacterial flagellum is made of about 20 proteins, with approximately another 30 proteins required for its regulation and ... Fimbriae are believed to be involved in attachment to solid surfaces or to other cells, and are essential for the virulence of ... Flagella are rigid protein structures, about 20 nanometres in diameter and up to 20 micrometres in length, that are used for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteria

Additionally, protein appendages can be present on the surface: fimbriae and pili can have different lengths and diameters and ... Some of the smallest known natural motile systems are motor proteins, i.e., proteins and protein complexes present in cells ... The mechanism these protein motors use to convert chemical energy into movement depends on ATP hydrolysis, which leads to a ... These motor proteins are classified as myosins, kinesins, or dyneins. Myosin motors are responsible for muscle contractions and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microswimmer

Additionally, protein appendages can be present on the surface: fimbriae and pili can have different lengths and diameters and ... Some of the smallest known motile systems are motor proteins, i.e., proteins and protein complexes present in cells that carry ... Photoreceptor proteins are light-sensitive proteins involved in the sensing and response to light in a variety of organisms. ... The hook connects the filament to the motor protein in the base. The helical filament is composed of many copies of the protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_motility

... protein), and the building blocks of fimbriae are found together. The Type VII secretion system, however, was first observed in ... Type VII secretion systems use proteins from the ESX-1 system of secretion proteins. T7SS uses unique proteins as compared to ... These systems are observable when genes for an Fimbrial usher protein (which is integral to the formation of a pilus in gram ... Protein trafficking and secretion in bacteria. 1843 (8): 1707-1716. doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.11.003. PMID 24263244. Beckham KS ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_VII_secretion_system

The P fimbriae island contains virulence factors such as haemolysin, pili, cytotoxic necrosing factor, and uropathogenic ... Regulation genes typically encoded on PAIs include AraC-like proteins and two-component response regulators. PAIs can be ... 1990). "Deletions of chro- mosomal regions coding for fimbriae and hemolysins occur in vivo and in vitro in various ... specific protein (USP). Yersinia pestis high pathogenicity island I has genes regulating iron uptake and storage. Salmonella ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenicity_island

Cranberries have A2-type proanthocyanidins (PACs) which may be important for the ability of PACs to bind to proteins, such as ... the adhesins present on E. coli fimbriae and were thought to inhibit bacterial infections, such as urinary tract infections ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proanthocyanidin

Other adhesins are fimbriae and petractin. Once anchored, the bacterium produces tracheal cytotoxin, which stops the cilia from ... The bacterium contains a surface protein, filamentous haemagglutinin adhesin, which binds to the sulfatides found on cilia of ... The toxin, known as pertussis toxin (or PTx), inhibits G protein coupling that regulates an adenylate cyclase-mediated ... They are being replaced by acellular vaccines, composed of purified surface antigens, mainly fimbriae, filamentous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bordetella_pertussis

Immunoglobulin-binding protein - Proteins such as protein A, protein G, and protein L that are capable of binding to antibodies ... This includes parts (coats, capsules, cell walls, flagella, fimbriae, and toxins) of bacteria, viruses, and other ... An autoantigen is usually a self-protein or protein complex (and sometimes DNA or RNA) that is recognized by the immune system ... such as a protein. Antigens can be proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, nucleic acids or other biomolecules. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antigen

Binding of this protein to the consensus sequence represents gene expression by reducing transcription. It is not known what ... These include filamentous haemaglutinin, pertactin, fimbriae, and pertussis toxin (though expression of pertussis toxin is ... These include adhesins, such as filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), pertactin, tracheal colonization factor and fimbriae, and ... the so-called Bvg-activated repressor protein, BvgR. BvgR binds to a consensus sequence present within the coding sequences of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bordetella

Oxidative Stress Response: Proteins such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, & alkyl hydroperoxide reductase protect the ... However, it does utilize peritrichous fimbriae for adhesion to other molecular structures. B. fragilis also utilizes a complex ... fragilis intestinal isolates secrete high levels of bacteriocin proteins and are resistant to other bacteriocins secreted by ... series of surface proteins, lipopolysaccharide chains, and outer membrane vesicles to help survive the volatile intestinal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteroides_fragilis

Proteins with receptor sites are located on the plasma membrane, binding to specific solutes. The receptor proteins that are ... Two unique characteristics of prokaryotes are fimbriae (finger-like projections on the surface of a cell) and flagella ( ... The pathway for proteins to move in cells starts at the ER. Lipids and proteins are synthesized[clarification needed] in the ER ... Receptor proteins are recycled back to the plasma membrane by the same vesicle.: 139-140 Betts, J. Gordon; et al. (April 25, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_physiology

Using molecular markers such as green fluorescent protein or fluorescent antibodies, it is possible to monitor the location of ... These include motility, chemotaxis to seed and root exudates, production of pili or fimbriae, production of specific cell ... The rhizobacteria require oxygen to metabolize, so oxygen is provided by a hemoglobin protein called leghemoglobin which is ... "Simultaneous imaging of Pseudomonas fluorescens WCS365 populations expressing three different autofluorescent proteins in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhizobacteria

Branda SS, Chu F, Kearns DB, Losick R, Kolter R (February 2006). "A major protein component of the Bacillus subtilis biofilm ... March 2014). "Type 1 fimbriae contribute to catheter-associated urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia coli". Journal ... The EPS matrix consists of exopolysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acids. A large proportion of the EPS is more or less ... This means that the genes necessary for the production of proteins that work towards defending the plant against pathogens have ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofilm

Functional amyloid in Homo sapiens: Intralumenal domain of melanocyte protein PMEL Peptide/protein hormones stored as amyloids ... Amyloids may also have normal biological functions; for example, in the formation of fimbriae in some genera of bacteria, ... protein receptors, soluble proteins, RNAs, small metabolites, etc. In the clinical setting, amyloid diseases are typically ... Other polypeptides and proteins such as amylin and the β amyloid peptide do not have a simple consensus sequence and are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amyloid

... pili or fimbriae (also fimbria, from the Latin word for "fringe") can be trapped by Tamm-Horsfall protein via its mannose- ... When this protein is concentrated at low pH, it forms a gel. Uromodulin represents the most abundant protein in normal human ... Tamm-Horsfall protein)--the most abundant protein in mammalian urine". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and ... mainly consisting of immunoglobulin light chain known as Bence Jones protein, but often also contain Tamm-Horsfall protein. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uromodulin

Using green fluorescent protein (GFP) and E. coli strains, the bacteria are seen to gather specifically around the opercula, ... The bacteria contain type 1 fimbriae, which possess adhesin FimH at their fimbrial tips. FimH interacts with a mannosylated ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichuris_muris

Type IV pilin proteins are α+β proteins characterized by a very long N-terminal alpha helix. The assembly of these pili relies ... Although not all bacteria have pili or fimbriae, bacterial pathogens often use their fimbriae to attach to host cells. In Gram- ... These bonds provide enhanced mechanical and proteolytic stability to the pilin protein. Recently, the pilin protein from ... negative bacteria, where pili are more common, individual pilin molecules are linked by noncovalent protein-protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilin

... thrombospondin-related anonymous protein), a surface protein, as a common molecular basis that is both essential for infection ... and fimbriae. Gliding allows microorganisms to travel along the surface of low aqueous films. The mechanisms of this motility ... Motor and regulatory proteins that convert intracellular motion into mechanical forces like traction force have been discovered ... Examples of such mechanisms include: Motor proteins found within the inner membrane of the bacteria utilize a proton-conducting ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gliding_motility

In euglenids, the pellicle is formed from protein strips arranged spirally along the length of the body. Familiar examples of ... In some protozoa, the pellicle hosts epibiotic bacteria that adhere to the surface by their fimbriae (attachment pili). Some ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protozoa

Expression of the fimbriae to form biofilms can be regulated by temperature, similar to those in some Enterobacteriales. ... Unique fitness genes show that numerous metabolic pathways, namely tat-dependent protein secretion, DNA recombination, and ... Through using transmission electron microscopy, it was found that strains which are aggregative do not have any fimbriae that ... a trimeric bacterial microcompartment protein with a 4Fe-4S cluster-binding site". Acta Crystallographica Section D: Biological ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrobacter_freundii

Capsules too small to be seen with an ordinary microscope, such as the M protein of Streptococcus pyogenes, are called ... Schembri MA, Blom J, Krogfelt KA, Klemm P (August 2005). "Capsule and fimbria interaction in Klebsiella pneumoniae". Infection ... so many capsular vaccines contain polysaccharides conjugated with protein carriers, such as the tetanus toxoid or diphtheria ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_capsule

NF-κB proteins regulate immune response through B-lymphocyte control and T-lymphocyte proliferation. These proteins are all ... "Erythropoietin improves spatial delayed alternation in a T-maze in fimbria-fornix transected rats". Behav. Brain Res. 186 (2): ... This leads to the enzymatic phosphorylation of PI3-K and NF-κB and results in the activation of proteins that regulate nerve ... ERK2 and protein kinase Akt-1/PKB. The action of Epo is not limited to just promoting cell survival and that the inhibition of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythropoietin_in_neuroprotection

The curli protein's main components (subunits) consist of the CsgA and CsgB protein. CsgA is the major subunit of the curli ... Collinson SK, Doig PC, Doran JL, Clouthier S, Trust TJ, Kay WW (January 1993). "Thin, aggregative fimbriae mediate binding of ... meaning only 1 CsgC protein is required to inhibit 500 CsgA proteins from forming amyloid fibril structures. It is hypothesized ... This protein consists of three domains which have a tendency to aggregate and form amyloid fibrils: a single peptide, a 22- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curli

Tauschek M, Gorrell R, Robins-Browne RM (2002). "Identification of a protein secretory pathway for the secretion of heat-labile ... Uropathogenic E. coli use P fimbriae (pyelonephritis-associated pili) to bind urinary tract urothelial cells and colonize the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_Escherichia_coli

A large part of the N-terminus of the pertactin protein is composed of beta helix repeats. This region of the pertactin protein ... Poolman JT, Hallander HO (February 2007). "Acellular pertussis vaccines and the role of pertactin and fimbriae". Expert Rev ... This protein's contribution to immunity is still premature. Reports suggest that R1 and R2 are immunogenic regions, however, ... Specifically, it is an outer membrane protein that promotes adhesion to tracheal epithelial cells. PRN is purified from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertactin

... and testing of mammalian expression modules that tag membrane proteins". Protein Sci. 18 (6): 1261-71. doi:10.1002/pro.136. PMC ... A study was conducted to examine the structures of CS3 and CS6 fimbriae in different Escherichia coli strains, which were ... Hence, the specificity of the antibody is established by the specific reaction with the protein or peptide that is used for ... On the contrary, if the antibody works well for purified proteins in their native form and not denatured, an immunoblot cannot ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunolabeling

Annotations of proteins in protein databases often do not reflect the complete known set of knowledge of each protein, so ... December 2019). "Necrotizing enterocolitis is preceded by increased gut bacterial replication, Klebsiella, and fimbriae- ... Proteins, strings of amino acids, gain much of their function from protein folding, where they conform into a three-dimensional ... The negative data set included SWISSProt entries similar in length to RiPPs, e.g., 30s ribosomal proteins, matrix proteins, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_learning_in_bioinformatics

The sablefish, Anoplopoma fimbria, is occasionally called black cod, as well, but it is not a true cod. In New Zealand, the ... Being a subantarctic species, the black cod has special adaptations such as antifreeze proteins in its blood, as well as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notothenia_microlepidota

Some of these cytokines include interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, and ... fimbriae, and ovaries) AFS endometriosis score AFS total score Estimated percent pregnant using ART by EFI score: EFI Score 9- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endometriosis_and_infertility

Cell surface proteins and extracellular proteins are O-glycosylated. Glycosylation sites in O-linked oligosaccharides are ... oligosaccharides in that they are not fermentable and their primary mode of action includes agglutination of type-1 fimbria ... The sorting signals encoded in the amino acid sequence of the proteins. The Oligosaccharide attached to the protein. The ... Protein-Carbohydrate bonding is often mediated by hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces.[citation needed] Fructo- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligosaccharide

The half-life is 3 hours and the plasma binding protein is 65%. With respect to pharmacokinetics in special populations, a ... fimbriae) to receptor. The bacterial adhesion reduction is reached by Met I ad concentration similar to the plasmatic peak ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erdosteine

At least 10 protein components of the bacterial flagellum share homologous proteins with the type three secretion system (T3SS ... Prokaryotic fimbriae and pili are smaller, and thinner appendages, with different functions. The three types of flagella are ... including the observation that almost all of the core flagellar proteins have known homologies with non-flagellar proteins. ... During assembly, protein components are added at the flagellar tip rather than at the base. In vitro, flagellar filaments ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flagellum

AAF are made up of three fimbriae encoded by the pAA plasmid; aag aafA agg-3. aggA is in charge of aggregative phenotype and ... MAP, three-membrane associated proteins, are essential in the EAEC adherence to haemagglutination of animal cells. Stage two: ... Stage 1 is the attachment of the intestinal mucosa by aggregative adherence fimbriae (AAF) and other adhering projections, ... that include genes implicated in aggregative adherence fimbriae biogenesis and toxin production. Several toxins have been ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteroaggregative_Escherichia_coli

May 2018). "Targeting G protein-coupled receptor signaling at the G protein level with a selective nanobody inhibitor". Nature ... "Escherichia coli F4 fimbriae specific llama single-domain antibody fragments effectively inhibit bacterial adhesion in vitro ... Blocking the Wnt binding domain on the protein core of GPC3 by the HN3 human single-domain antibody inhibits Wnt activation in ... As auxiliary proteins, they can reduce the conformational heterogeneity by binding and stabilizing just a subset of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-domain_antibody

The fraction of protein extracted from milk, contains 3.3% RNA, but, the protein preferably binds to double-stranded DNA rather ... Sojar HT, Hamada N, Genco RJ (January 1998). "Structures involved in the interaction of Porphyromonas gingivalis fimbriae and ... Occurrence of iron-containing red protein in bovine milk was reported as early as in 1939; however, the protein could not be ... optical absorption spectra and presence of two iron atoms per protein molecule. The protein was extracted from milk, contained ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactoferrin

They have no flagella or fimbria, and no capsule.[citation needed] Mycobacterium tuberculosis group bacteria are 1.0-4.0 µm ... 2012 tried both recombinant protein and overlapping peptide provocation, finding the peptide test to be less sensitive. In New ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycobacterium_bovis

Many Ysc proteins also amalgamate to form a type-III secretory apparatus, which secretes many Yops into the host cell cytoplasm ... Lindler LE, Tall BD (1993). "Yersinia pestis pH 6 antigen forms fimbriae and is induced by intracellular association with ... A transmembrane protein, invasin, facilitates these functions by binding to host cell αβ1 integrins. Through this binding, the ... The protein encoded on the "attachment invasion locus" named Ail also bestows attachment and invasive abilities upon Yersiniae ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yersinia_pseudotuberculosis

Outer membrane protein changes and efflux pump expression together may confer resistance to ertapenem in Enterobacter cloacae. ... Involvement of curli fimbriae in the biofilm formation of Enterobacter cloacae. Journal of Microbiology. 50 (1), 175-178 (2012 ... 2 (4), 272-274 (1993). Zogaj X, Bokranz W, Nimtz M, Romling U. Production of cellulose and curli fimbriae by members of the ... Analysis of a carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase from Enterobacter cloacae and of its LysR-type regulatory protein. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterobacter_cloacae

For a catch-bond, the force on the cell pulls the adhesive tip of a fimbria to close tighter on its target cell. As the ... Transmigration of the leukocyte occurs as PECAM proteins, found on the leukocyte and endothelial cell surfaces, interact and ... For a cryptic-bond, the force causes the fimbria to swivel toward the target cell and have more binding sites able to attach to ... a platelet alpha-granule membrane protein, is also synthesized by vascular endothelial cells and is localized in Weibel-Palade ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukocyte_extravasation

Fimbriae Proteins Grant support * RC1 DK086378/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22449031/

Pili (or fimbriae), fibrils, and a protein called Hia mediate adherence of Hib to cells of the human respiratory tract. The ... The organism must first colonize the respiratory mucosal epithelium, and several bacterial surface proteins appear to play an ... Finally, numerous outer membrane proteins have recently been identified as important components of pathogenesis and immunity. ... when protein-PRP conjugate vaccines were approved for use in infants aged 2 months or older. In populations with high rates of ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/964317

Agrobacterium tumefaciens type IV secretion protein VirB3 is an inner membrane protein and requires VirB4, VirB7, and VirB8 for ... APOBEC3 proteins mediate the clearance of foreign DNA from human cells. Stenglein, M. D., Burns, M. B., Li, M., Lengyel, J. & ... Engineered proteins detect spontaneous DNA breakage in human and bacterial cells. Shee, C., Cox, B. D., Gu, F., Luengas, E. M. ... Fanconi anemia proteins FANCD2 and FANCI exhibit different DNA damage responses during S-phase. Sareen, A., Chaudhury, I., ...

https://experts.umn.edu/en/organisations/molecular-biology-bmbb/publications/?ordering=publicationYearThenTitle&descending=true&page=2

Type 1 fimbriae bind to mannose-containing structures found in many different cell types, including Tamm-Horsfall protein (the ... In E coli infection, these include both pili (ie, fimbriae) and outer-membrane proteins (eg, Dr hemagglutinin that binds to Dr ... protein, and aerobactins. Several Kauffman serogroups of E coli that contain these virulence factors may be more likely to ... and the presence of organic acids derived from a diet that includes fruits and protein. Organic acids enhance acidification of ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/233101-3196/what-is-the-duration-of-antibiotic-treatment-for-acute-uncomplicated-cystitis-uti

... outer membrane protein T; papA, P fimbriae; papBCDEFGHIJKX, genes of P fimbriae operon; sat, secreted autotransporter toxin; ... traT, complement inhibition protein; tsh, temperature-sensitive hemagglutinin; usp, uropathogenic-specific protein; vat, ... type-1 fimbriae; fyuA, yersiniabactin (siderophore) receptor; hlyA, α-hemolysin; hra, heat-resistant agglutinin; ibeABC, ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/12/20-1221-t4

... and ASTRAL compendium for protein structure and sequence analysis ... fimbriae, protein-sugar complex. Deposited on 2005-05-18, ... SCOPe: Structural Classification of Proteins - extended. Release 2.01 (March 2012) References: Fox NK, Brenner SE, Chandonia JM ...

http://scop.berkeley.edu/pdb/code=2bs7&ver=2.01

... including pertactin or 69-kDa protein [PRN], fimbriae types 2 and 3 [FIM], filamentous hemagglutinin [FHA]) ( ... 1-F. Inadvertent Administration of Pediatric DTaP, BOOSTRIX® Tdap, or Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) ... Tetanus toxoid is one of the most immunogenic protein antigens in any vaccine. Administration of 2 doses of tetanus toxoid to ... Safety and immunogenicity of respiratory syncytial virus purified fusion protein-2 vaccine in pregnant women. Vaccine 2003;21: ...

https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5704a1.htm

Binding of enterobacterial fimbriae to proteins of basement membranes and connective tissue - a novel function for fimbriae. In ... Identification of two laminin-binding fimbriae, the type-1 fimbria of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and the G fimbria ... The SfaX(II) protein from newborn meningitis E. coli is involved in regulation of motility and type 1 fimbriae expression. ... The fimbriae activator MatA switches off motility in Escherichia coli by repression of the flagellar master operon flhDC. ...

https://blogs.helsinki.fi/molecularbacteriology/publications-westerlund-wikstrom/

... a 69-kilodalton outer-membrane protein -- pertactin {Pn}, and fimbriae {Fim} types 2 and 3). PT is detoxified either by ... Each dose of Tripedia{Registered} contains approximately 23.4 ug protein of inactivated PT (toxoid) and 23.4 ug protein of FHA ... PT= inactivated pertussis toxin; FHA=filamentous hemagglutinin; Pn=pertactin; Fim=fimbriae. & Measured in limit of flocculation ... fimbriae; + indicates that vaccine contains antigen. & With culture or serologic confirmation. In Stockholm and Gteborg, cases ...

https://wonder.cdc.gov/wonder/prevguid/m0048610/m0048610.asp

"B. bronchiseptica" expresses many protein factors, such as filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA), pertactin and fimbriae. ... Protein expression of strain TN27 and TN28 was done through Western plot analysis. The prn gene was present in KM22 and TN27 ... BvgS auto-phosphorylates before it phosphorylates the BvgA protein. Transciption is then followed by this process and specific ... Another recent study discovered that the outermembrane protein BcfA encourages colony growth on the trachea. Data also ...

https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=User:Schuylerjones&diff=next&oldid=68381

This is a "connection" page, showing publications Rangaraj Selvarangan has written about Fimbriae Proteins. ...

https://researchers.childrensmercy.org/display/250666/Network/ResearchAreas/24015

https://www.cdc.gov/MMWR/Preview/MMWRhtml/00048610.htm

The FIMH protein of type 1 fimbriae - an adaptable adhesin. Klemm, P., Schembri, M. and Hasty, D. L. (1996). The FIMH protein ... Fimbriae-assisted bacterial surface display of heterologous peptides. Klemm, P. and Schembri, M.A. (2000). Fimbriae-assisted ... Overcoming membrane protein research roadblocks: A Queensland facility for membrane protein production and crystallisation ... Autotransporter Proteins of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli: Regulation, Characterisation and the Role of Periplasmic Proteins ...

http://researchers.uq.edu.au/researcher/1311

They include filamentous hemagglutinin; FIMBRIAE PROTEINS; pertactin; PERTUSSIS TOXIN; ADENYLATE CYCLASE TOXIN; dermonecrotic ... They include filamentous hemagglutinin; FIMBRIAE PROTEINS; pertactin; PERTUSSIS TOXIN; ADENYLATE CYCLASE TOXIN; dermonecrotic ... Se incluyen: hemaglutinina filamentosa, PROTEÍNAS DE LAS FIMBRIAS, pertactina, TOXINA DE B. PERTUSSIS, TOXINA DE ADENILATO- ... Bacterial Proteins (1966-1985). Bacterial Toxins (1977-1985). Bordetella Pertussis (1966-1985). Toxins (1966-1976). ...

https://decs.bvsalud.org/en/ths/resource/?id=19605&filter=ths_termall&q=Agglutinins

1 Escherichia coli Proteins --genetics. *1 Female. *1 fimbrae. *1 Fimbriae Proteins --genetics ...

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/151203/simple-search?query=&sort_by=score&order=desc&rpp=10&filter_field_1=dateIssued&filter_type_1=equals&filter_value_1=2013&filter_field_2=subject&filter_type_2=equals&filter_value_2=prevalence&etal=0&subject_page=1

The transcriptomic profile of several adhesion genes was confirmed through qPCR by measuring expression of fimbriae-associated ... naeslundii Fimbriae-Associated protein gene (srtA) and some other adhesins from Streptococcus gordonii. The Illumina- and qPCR- ... Its expression pattern is similar to that found for Type 2 Fimbriae genes from A. naeslundii, which is in agreement with the ... Among the adhesins we could find several molecules such as SspA and SspB proteins from S. gordonii and homologues present in ...

https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2164-15-311

Fimbriae Proteins; Fimbriae, Bacterial; Genes, Bacterial; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Mutagenesis; Neutrophils; Phenazines; Protein ...

https://biofilm.ku.dk/staff/?pure=en%2Fpublications%2Fmultiple-roles-of-pseudomonas-aeruginosa-tbcf10839-pily1-in-motility-transport-and-infection

Fimbriae Proteins. 1. + 28. Adenylate Cyclase. 1. + 29. Dextromethorphan. 1. + 30. Erythromycin Estolate. 1. + ...

https://lookfordiagnosis.com/results.php?symptoms=Whooping+Cough%3B%20Pertussis&lang=1&parent=%2F&mode=F&therapy_ap=1

Virulence factors associated with NMEC include outer membrane protein A (OmpA) and type I fimbriae (FimH), which also occur in ... The differences in OmpA protein sequences suggest that OmpA may influence variation in virulence and host specificity within ... however the protein has amino acid variants, which may influence virulence of strains or alter vaccine efficacy. Although OmpA ... Virulence factors associated with NMEC include outer membrane protein A (OmpA) and type I fimbriae (FimH), which also occur in ...

https://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13104-020-4917-5

Protein Sequence: 120 a.a. [Download]. ,gi,270208454,ref,YP_003329228.1, F fimbriae pilin protein precursor [Klebsiella ...

https://bioinfo-mml.sjtu.edu.cn/SecReT4/component.php?pid=270208454

... produces a variant form of type 1 fimbriae with distinct antigenic properties and apparent mol. wt of the major subunit. The ... Klemm P. FimC, a chaperone-like periplasmic protein of Escherichia coli involved in biogenesis of type 1 fimbriae. Res ... Pere A., Väisänen-Rhen V., Rhen M., Tenhunen J., Korhonen T. K. Analysis of P fimbriae on Escherichia coli O2, O4, and O6 ... van Die I., van Gefifen B., Hoekstra W., Bergmans H. Type 1C fimbriae of a uropathogenic Escherichia coli strain: cloning and ...

https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-44-6-444

... and conferred LHR-dependent heat resistance as well as type 3 fimbriae-dependent biofilm formation capabilities. Selection for ... and conferred LHR-dependent heat resistance as well as type 3 fimbriae-dependent biofilm formation capabilities. Selection for ... also encoding type 3 fimbriae and three toxin/antitoxin systems. The plasmid was highly transferable to other E. coli strains, ... also encoding type 3 fimbriae and three bacteriocins and corresponding self-immunity proteins. The plasmid was highly ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00579/full

... fimbria-fornix/cingulum bundle; hippocampus; glial fibrillary acidic protein; synaptosomal-associated protein (mol. wt 25,000) ... Immunohistochemical localization and quantification of glial fibrillary acidic protein and synaptosomal-associated protein (mol ... marked increases in glial fibrillary acidic protein, but not synaptosomal-associated protein immunoreactivity, occurred ... Responses to injury in the ageing hippocampus were assessed utilizing the synaptic markers glial fibrillary acidic protein and ...

http://www2a.cdc.gov/nioshtic-2/BuildQyr.asp?s1=asthma+OR+%27allerg%2A%27+OR+%27immune%2A%27&f1=%2A&Startyear=&Adv=0&terms=1&EndYear=&Limit=10000&sort=&D1=10&PageNo=314&RecNo=3140&View=f&

RESULTS: pEVs contained neurotoxic GPs and inflammation-inducible fimbria protein and LPS. Gingivally exposed, but not orally ... were functionally validated for risks of developing NSCL/P in gene ontology and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network ... We investigated whether protein-bound uremic toxins induce ferroptosis, resulting in cell death, using the bilateral ureteral ... However, GPX4 mRNA levels, protein abundance, or promoter activity were not restored by Z-VAD-FMK, a multi-caspase inhibitor. ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/bolivia/?lang=es&q=au:Kim,+Donghyun

Fimbriae Proteins. *Flagellin. *Flow Cytometry. *gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus. *Gene Expression Profiling ...

https://connects.catalyst.harvard.edu/Profiles/display/Person/89052/Network/ResearchAreas

Antigens, Bacterial, Bacterial Capsules, Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins, Endothelium, Vascular, Fimbriae, Bacterial, Humans ...

https://www.rdm.ox.ac.uk/publications/894710

Fimbriae are part of two ACVs, the T-type vaccine mainly used in Japan which contains Fim2 in addition to FHA, Ptx and Prn [ ... Protein variants found in vaccine strains are underlined. The Fim2-2 variant has only been found in one vaccine strain used in ... Protein variants found in vaccine strains are underlined. The Fim2-2 variant has only been found in one vaccine strain used in ... Thirteen Prn protein variants have been identified, of which three (Prn1, Prn2, Prn3) predominate in B. pertussis populations ( ...

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/epidemiology-and-infection/article/pertussis-resurgence-waning-immunity-and-pathogen-adaptation-two-sides-of-the-same-coin/2C4624385819C751F0C4E9448D4ABF04

These pathogens have many virulence factors, including fimbriae, lipooligosaccharide envelope proteins, a. Neisseria spp. The ... Iron acquisition in vitro was studied in an agar diffusion assay employing the iron-binding protein conalbumin. The ability of ... membrane-spanning amphipathic beta-sheet structures are characteristic of many outer membrane proteins. By applying the ...

http://paradamonster.fun/Neisseria+siccac599jv34609vf0

fim1 protein, S pombe fimA protein, E coli FimA protein, Porphyromonas gingivalis Fimbriae Protein Precusors Fimbriae Proteins ... fibulin 1 protein, human fibulin 1 protein, mouse fibulin 2 fibulin 2 protein, human fibulin 2 protein, mouse fibulin 2 protein ... FIG-alpha protein, mouse FIGalpha FIGalpha protein, mouse FIGF Protein figitumumab Figla protein, mouse FIGLU FII(a) FII-AG ... ficolin 2 protein, human ficolin A ficolin A protein, mouse ficolin B protein, mouse ficolin P35-related protein ficolin P35- ...

https://www.curehunter.com/public/keywordIndexDfi.do

Phylogenetic Group -Associated Differences in Regulation of the Common Colonization Factor Mat Fimbria in Escherichia coli . (helsinki.fi)
The response regulator RcsB activates expression of Mat fimbriae in meningitic Escherichia coli . (helsinki.fi)
The fimbriae activator MatA switches off motility in Escherichia coli by repression of the flagellar master operon flhDC . (helsinki.fi)
Mat fimbriae promote biofilm formation by meningitis-associated Escherichia coli . (helsinki.fi)
Two distinct regions in the model protein Peb1 are critical for its heterologous transport out of Escherichia coli . (helsinki.fi)
Escherichia coli MT78, an avian pathogenic strain of serogroup O2, produces a variant form of type 1 fimbriae with distinct antigenic properties and apparent mol. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Blomfield I. C. , McClain M. S. , Eisenstein B. I. Type 1 fimbriae mutants of Escherichia coli K12: characterization of recognized afimbriate strains and construction of new fim deletion mutants. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Flagella are long, helical filaments made of a single type of… The importance of p and type 1 fimbriae for the persistence of escherichia coli in the human gut volume 108 issue 3 k. tullus, i. kühn, i. (web.app)
Fimbriae are av B Wullt · 2001 · Citerat av 93 - Bacterial adhesion to the bladder mucosa is a critical step for the establishment of Escherichia coli bacteriuria. (web.app)
Fimbriae, Bacterial Research Article Altered Regulation of the Diguanylate Cyclase YaiC Reduces Production of Type 1 Fimbriae in a Pst Mutant of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli CFT073 (a) Bacteria containing fimbriae are called fimbriate bacteria. (web.app)

Pili (or fimbriae), fibrils, and a protein called Hia mediate adherence of Hib to cells of the human respiratory tract. (medscape.com)
Certain fimbriae called sex pili also help in bacterial gene transfer. (web.app)
Adhesion and viscoelasticity Chapter - Cell the Unit of Life Fimbriae and Pili are interchangeable terms used to designate short, hair-like structures on the surfaces of procaryotic cells. (web.app)
Are fimbriae considered pili? (khanacademy.org)

Virulence factors associated with NMEC include outer membrane protein A (OmpA) and type I fimbriae (FimH), which also occur in APEC and UPEC. (biomedcentral.com)
The FimD-FimC-FimH structure provides unique insights into the pilus subunit incorporation cycle, and captures the first view of a protein transporter in the act of secreting its cognate substrate. (ac.be)

OmpA contributes to NMEC's ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, persist in the bloodstream and has been identified as a potential vaccine target for ExPEC, however the protein has amino acid variants, which may influence virulence of strains or alter vaccine efficacy. (biomedcentral.com)
The differences in OmpA protein sequences suggest that OmpA may influence variation in virulence and host specificity within ExPEC subpathotypes. (biomedcentral.com)
Similar to other Gram-negative bacteria, ETEC As adhesion fimbriae are a major virulence factor for many pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria, they are also potential targets for antibodies. (web.app)
The specific type of adhesin varies by type of bacteria, but regardless of Fimbriae are a major bacterial virulence factor (something that helps a bacterium cause disease). (web.app)

Exposure of bacteria to severe heat stress results in massive misfolding and aggregation of proteins, and the potential toxic effects of these aggregates, coupled with net loss of active proteins, may cause cell death. (frontiersin.org)
Flagella are protein filaments that extend like long tails from the cell membranes of certain gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. (web.app)
a) Bacteria containing fimbriae are called fimbriate bacteria. (web.app)
Fimbriae may be found in both motile and nonmotile bacteria. (web.app)
Chapter - Cell the Unit of Life However, bacteria with a fimF mutation produce fewer fimbriae, and those lacking fimG produce longer fimbrial appendages. (web.app)
Bland hela uppsättningen av adhesiner och vidhäftande fimbriae identifierats i Gram-bakterier, valde vi att utforma ett system som gör curli How infections cause diseases that are not normally classified as infectious diseases has been of interest for a long time, for example how bacteria-platelet Cell Wall 20150208. (web.app)
Competitive mixed cultures were grown from inocula of a large number of bacteria of a genotypically nonfimbriate (fim −) strain of Salmonella typhimurium and a small number of a genotypically fimbriate (fim +) variant strain that formed type 1 fimbriae and had been derived from the fim − strain by phage transduction. (web.app)
Like flagella, they are In the Gram-negative bacteria Give example of bacteria that have fimbriae? (web.app)
How Do Fimbriae Help Bacteria? (web.app)
The fimbriae or fimbria (Singular) are bristle-like short fibers occurring on the surface of several gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. (web.app)
Most bacteria are, however, surrounded by a rigid cell wall made out of peptidoglycan , a polymer composed of linked carbohydrates and small proteins. (khanacademy.org)
Neutralising antibodies in BNT162b2 vaccinees showed a positive correlation with the total abundance of bacteria with flagella and fimbriae including Roseburia faecis (p=0.028). (bmj.com)
Most fimbriae (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL) of gram-negative bacteria function as adhesins, but in many cases it is a minor subunit protein at the tip of the fimbriae that is the actual adhesin. (jefferson.edu)
In gram-positive bacteria, a protein or polysaccharide surface layer serves as the specific adhesin. (jefferson.edu)

The transcriptomic profile of several adhesion genes was confirmed through qPCR by measuring expression of fimbriae-associated genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Genes mapped with input SNPs that were selected by using a genetic algorithm (GA) were functionally validated for risks of developing NSCL/P in gene ontology and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses. (bvsalud.org)

What is sometimes called polymeric adhesin (BIOFILMS) is distinct from protein adhesin. (jefferson.edu)

Among early colonizers the viridans streptococci group is considered as a cornerstone of the oral biofilm puzzle given its ability to bind saliva proteins through Antigens I and II. (biomedcentral.com)
The plasmid was highly transferable to other E. coli strains, including Shiga-toxin-producing strains, and conferred LHR-dependent heat resistance as well as type 3 fimbriae-dependent biofilm formation capabilities. (frontiersin.org)

Type IX secretion system : characterization of an effector protein and an insight into the role of c-terminal domain dimeration in outer membrane translocation. (louisville.edu)
Characterization of Porphyromonas gingivalis Mfa1 fimbriae. (louisville.edu)

2009. The SfaX(II) protein from newborn meningitis E. coli is involved in regulation of motility and type 1 fimbriae expression. (helsinki.fi)

Gastric intubation of the fimbriae with an adjuvant significantly enhanced the production of anti-fimbria immunoglobulin A (IgA) in saliva. (elsevier.com)

No direct evidence, except scanning electron microscopy observations, yet supports the existence of either cellulosome complex or fimbriae structures involved in the adhesion mechanism of F. succinogenes. (agri.gov.il)

Ruminococcus albus possesses at least two mechanisms for specific adhesion to cellulose: a cellulosomal-like mechanism, and a CbpC (Pil)-protein mechanism that probably involves the production of fimbrial-like structures. (agri.gov.il)
Adhesion to cellulose by Ruminococcus albus: A combination of cellulosomes and Pil-proteins? (agri.gov.il)

Fimbriae are numerous, hair-like structures that are used for attachment to host cells and other surfaces. (khanacademy.org)
Proteins, glycoprotein, or lipoprotein moieties on surfaces of tumor cells that are usually identified by monoclonal antibodies. (lookformedical.com)

Finally, numerous outer membrane proteins have recently been identified as important components of pathogenesis and immunity. (medscape.com)

For instance, although archaea also have a cell wall, it's not made out of peptidoglycan-although it does contain carbohydrates and proteins. (khanacademy.org)

Both antibodies were found to be specific for the fimbriae used for immunization. (elsevier.com)

A 41,000-molecular-weight fimbrial protein was isolated from freshly cultivated whole cells of Bacteroides gingivalis 381 and purified chromatographically. (elsevier.com)

The OmpA protein forms four extracellular loops that exhibit residue patterns encoded by allelic variants in the ompA gene across the protein's loops [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The protein produced from this gene is described as a tumor suppressor because it helps keep cells from growing and dividing too fast or in an uncontrolled way. (medlineplus.gov)

Both immunization procedures enhanced the levels of anti-fimbria IgG, IgA, and IgM in serum, and the major class of fimbria-specific antibody was IgG, followed by IgA and IgM. (elsevier.com)
The subclasses of IgG antibody specific for fimbriae in serum were mainly IgG1, followed by IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3. (elsevier.com)

Cells can acquire specified function and carry out various tasks within the cell such as replication, DNA repair, protein synthesis, and motility. (wikimili.com)

Subcutaneous injection of fimbriae along with an adjuvant also raised anti-fimbria IgA levels, as well as IgG levels, in saliva. (elsevier.com)

We demonstrate for the first time in this species the presence of one of these LHRs on a plasmid, designated pFAM21805, also encoding type 3 fimbriae and three bacteriocins and corresponding self-immunity proteins. (frontiersin.org)

Most of these mutations change single protein building blocks (amino acids) in the p53 protein, which reduces or eliminates the protein's tumor suppressor function. (medlineplus.gov)

Bactericidal activity results from inhibiting cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more penicillin-binding proteins. (medscape.com)

Fimbriae are shorter and stiffer than flagella, and slightly smaller in diameter. (web.app)

However, researchers suggest that many or even most ovarian cancers begin in epithelial cells on the fringes (fimbriae) at the end of one of the fallopian tubes, and the cancerous cells migrate to the ovary. (medlineplus.gov)

Colony Immunoblotting Assay for Detection of Bacterial Cell-surface or Extracellular Proteins. (helsinki.fi)

Fimbriae have the adhesive properties which attach the organism to the natural substrate or to the other organism. (web.app)

Kate and enjoy some of diagnostic tests to purchase through a safe ad js file or severe streptococcal m proteins bound immunoglobulins and their answers as can someone took place for catington post original and cat attacks man opening present. (asaferbedfordcountytn.org)

By pinpointing the proteins that differ in curly and straight hair, we were capable to launch one of the first item ranges - Nexxus Curl Define in the US - which caters to each and every hair type's specific needs. (webse.top)

Immunological relationship between the class I epitope of streptococcal M protein and myosin. (asaferbedfordcountytn.org)

Because the altered protein is less able to regulate cell growth and division, a cancerous tumor may develop. (medlineplus.gov)

These results demonstrate that selective neurotoxicant damage of the hippocampal serotonergic system differentially alters the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein. (cdc.gov)

Every cell consists of a cytoplasm enclosed within a membrane , and contains many biomolecules such as proteins , DNA and RNA , as well as many small molecules of nutrients and metabolites . (wikimili.com)

Additionally, a significant increase in glial fibrillary acidic protein concentration was found by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the 18-month 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine group compared to the 18-month vehicle and three-month 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine groups. (cdc.gov)

Age-dependent alterations in hippocampal immunohistochemical localization of glial fibrillary acidic protein and synaptosomal-associated protein were evaluated in female Fischer 344 rats following serotonergic deafferentation with 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine. (cdc.gov)

Capsular polysaccharides and fimbriae are two major components on a bacterial surface, which are critical for mediating cell-surface interactions. (web.app)

Anatomy7

Organisms15

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs20

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Phenomena and Processes18

Information Science3

Role of DnaK in in vitro and in vivo expression of virulence factors of Vibrio cholerae. (1/1658)

Genetic characterization of a new type IV-A pilus gene cluster found in both classical and El Tor biotypes of Vibrio cholerae. (2/1658)

Molecular basis for the enterocyte tropism exhibited by Salmonella typhimurium type 1 fimbriae. (3/1658)

Natural competence for DNA transformation by Legionella pneumophila and its association with expression of type IV pili. (4/1658)

Environmental signals modulate ToxT-dependent virulence factor expression in Vibrio cholerae. (5/1658)

Roles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa las and rhl quorum-sensing systems in control of twitching motility. (6/1658)

The level of expression of the minor pilin subunit, CooD, determines the number of CS1 pili assembled on the cell surface of Escherichia coli. (7/1658)

Characterization of the recD gene of Neisseria gonorrhoeae MS11 and the effect of recD inactivation on pilin variation and DNA transformation. (8/1658)

Fimbriae Proteins

Fimbriae, Bacterial

Bacterial Adhesion

Adhesins, Escherichia coli

Hemagglutination

Escherichia coli

Porphyromonas gingivalis

Actinomyces

Escherichia coli Infections

Hemagglutinins

Adhesins, Bacterial

Antigens, Bacterial

Bacterial Proteins

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

Adhesiveness

Urinary Tract Infections

Mannose

Escherichia coli Proteins

Genes, Bacterial

Salmonella enteritidis

Hemagglutination Tests

Pili, Sex

Proline-Rich Protein Domains

Actinomyces viscosus

Virulence

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

Microscopy, Electron

P Blood-Group System

Molecular Sequence Data

Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial

Pyelonephritis

Biofilms

Methylmannosides

Amino Acid Sequence

Bordetella pertussis

Salivary Proline-Rich Proteins

Antibodies, Bacterial

Urinary Tract

Streptococcus oralis

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Bacteroides

Agglutination

Virulence Factors

Salivary Proteins and Peptides

Operon

Salmonella typhimurium

Proteus Infections

DNA, Bacterial

Microscopy, Immunoelectron

Mannosides

Plasmids

Diarrhea

Cross Reactions

Multigene Family

Bacteroidaceae Infections

Uromodulin

Septum Pellucidum

Flagella

Agglutination Tests

Base Sequence

Hydroxyapatites

Serotyping

Dental Pellicle

Mutation

Epithelium

Negative Staining

Swine

Cloning, Molecular

Moraxella

Serratia marcescens

Escherichia coli Vaccines

Antigens, Surface

Cystitis

Swine Diseases

Mutagenesis, Insertional

Molecular Weight

Role of DnaK in in vitro and in vivo expression of virulence factors of Vibrio cholerae. (1/1658)

Genetic characterization of a new type IV-A pilus gene cluster found in both classical and El Tor biotypes of Vibrio cholerae. (2/1658)

Molecular basis for the enterocyte tropism exhibited by Salmonella typhimurium type 1 fimbriae. (3/1658)

Natural competence for DNA transformation by Legionella pneumophila and its association with expression of type IV pili. (4/1658)