Fimbriae bacterial. Medical search

Thin, hairlike appendages, 1 to 20 microns in length and often occurring in large numbers, present on the cells of gram-negative bacteria, particularly Enterobacteriaceae and Neisseria. Unlike flagella, they do not possess motility, but being protein (pilin) in nature, they possess antigenic and hemagglutinating properties. They are of medical importance because some fimbriae mediate the attachment of bacteria to cells via adhesins (ADHESINS, BACTERIAL). Bacterial fimbriae refer to common pili, to be distinguished from the preferred use of "pili", which is confined to sex pili (PILI, SEX).

Proteins that are structural components of bacterial fimbriae (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL) or sex pili (PILI, SEX).

Physicochemical property of fimbriated (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL) and non-fimbriated bacteria of attaching to cells, tissue, and nonbiological surfaces. It is a factor in bacterial colonization and pathogenicity.

Thin, filamentous protein structures, including proteinaceous capsular antigens (fimbrial antigens), that mediate adhesion of E. coli to surfaces and play a role in pathogenesis. They have a high affinity for various epithelial cells.

The aggregation of ERYTHROCYTES by AGGLUTININS, including antibodies, lectins, and viral proteins (HEMAGGLUTINATION, VIRAL).

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.

A species of gram-negative, anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria originally classified within the BACTEROIDES genus. This bacterium produces a cell-bound, oxygen-sensitive collagenase and is isolated from the human mouth.

A genus of gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria whose organisms are nonmotile. Filaments that may be present in certain species are either straight or wavy and may have swollen or clubbed heads.

Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI.

Agents that cause agglutination of red blood cells. They include antibodies, blood group antigens, lectins, autoimmune factors, bacterial, viral, or parasitic blood agglutinins, etc.

Cell-surface components or appendages of bacteria that facilitate adhesion (BACTERIAL ADHESION) to other cells or to inanimate surfaces. Most fimbriae (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL) of gram-negative bacteria function as adhesins, but in many cases it is a minor subunit protein at the tip of the fimbriae that is the actual adhesin. In gram-positive bacteria, a protein or polysaccharide surface layer serves as the specific adhesin. What is sometimes called polymeric adhesin (BIOFILMS) is distinct from protein adhesin.

Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity.

Proteins found in any species of bacterium.

Strains of ESCHERICHIA COLI that produce or contain at least one member of either heat-labile or heat-stable ENTEROTOXINS. The organisms colonize the mucosal surface of the small intestine and elaborate their enterotoxins causing DIARRHEA. They are mainly associated with tropical and developing countries and affect susceptible travelers to those places.

A property of the surface of an object that makes it stick to another surface.

Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA.

A hexose or fermentable monosaccharide and isomer of glucose from manna, the ash Fraxinus ornus and related plants. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed & Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

Proteins obtained from ESCHERICHIA COLI.

The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.

A serotype of Salmonella enterica which is an etiologic agent of gastroenteritis in man and other animals.

Sensitive tests to measure certain antigens, antibodies, or viruses, using their ability to agglutinate certain erythrocytes. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

Filamentous or elongated proteinaceous structures which extend from the cell surface in gram-negative bacteria that contain certain types of conjugative plasmid. These pili are the organs associated with genetic transfer and have essential roles in conjugation. Normally, only one or a few pili occur on a given donor cell. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed, p675) This preferred use of "pili" refers to the sexual appendage, to be distinguished from bacterial fimbriae (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL), also known as common pili, which are usually concerned with adhesion.

Protein domains that are enriched in PROLINE. The cyclical nature of proline causes the peptide bonds it forms to have a limited degree of conformational mobility. Therefore the presence of multiple prolines in close proximity to each other can convey a distinct conformational arrangement to a peptide chain.

A species of ACTINOMYCES found in the oral cavity of man and hamsters. It has been isolated from actinomycotic lesions in swine, cats, and dogs and has been identified as a causative agent of animal diseases.

The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.

Strains of Escherichia coli that preferentially grow and persist within the urinary tract. They exhibit certain virulence factors and strategies that cause urinary tract infections.

Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.

A blood group related to the ABO, Lewis and I systems. At least five different erythrocyte antigens are possible, some very rare, others almost universal. Multiple alleles are involved in this blood group.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria.

Inflammation of the KIDNEY involving the renal parenchyma (the NEPHRONS); KIDNEY PELVIS; and KIDNEY CALICES. It is characterized by ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; NAUSEA; VOMITING; and occasionally DIARRHEA.

Encrustations, formed from microbes (bacteria, algae, fungi, plankton, or protozoa) embedding in extracellular polymers, that adhere to surfaces such as teeth (DENTAL DEPOSITS); PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; and catheters. Biofilms are prevented from forming by treating surfaces with DENTIFRICES; DISINFECTANTS; ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS; and antifouling agents.

Mannosides formed by the reaction of the hydroxyl group on the anomeric carbon atom of mannose with methyl alcohol. They include both alpha- and beta-methylmannosides.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria that is the causative agent of WHOOPING COUGH. Its cells are minute coccobacilli that are surrounded by a slime sheath.

A family of proline-rich proteins that constitute the majority of the protein component of SALIVA. Salivary proline-rich proteins occur as acidic, basic and glycosylated basic proteins. They perform a variety of functions such as adhering to the acquired ENAMEL PELLICLE, acting as lubricants and precipitating TANNINS.

Immunoglobulins produced in a response to BACTERIAL ANTIGENS.

The duct which coveys URINE from the pelvis of the KIDNEY through the URETERS, BLADDER, and URETHRA.

A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria that is numerous in the mouth and throat. It is a common cause of endocarditis and is also implicated in dental plaque formation.

Gram-negative, non-motile, capsulated, gas-producing rods found widely in nature and associated with urinary and respiratory infections in humans.

A genus of gram-negative, anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria. Its organisms are normal inhabitants of the oral, respiratory, intestinal, and urogenital cavities of humans, animals, and insects. Some species may be pathogenic.

The clumping together of suspended material resulting from the action of AGGLUTININS.

Those components of an organism that determine its capacity to cause disease but are not required for its viability per se. Two classes have been characterized: TOXINS, BIOLOGICAL and surface adhesion molecules that effect the ability of the microorganism to invade and colonize a host. (From Davis et al., Microbiology, 4th ed. p486)

Proteins and peptides found in SALIVA and the SALIVARY GLANDS. Some salivary proteins such as ALPHA-AMYLASES are enzymes, but their composition varies in different individuals.

In bacteria, a group of metabolically related genes, with a common promoter, whose transcription into a single polycistronic MESSENGER RNA is under the control of an OPERATOR REGION.

A serotype of Salmonella enterica that is a frequent agent of Salmonella gastroenteritis in humans. It also causes PARATYPHOID FEVER.

Infections with bacteria of the genus PROTEUS.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.

Microscopy in which the samples are first stained immunocytochemically and then examined using an electron microscope. Immunoelectron microscopy is used extensively in diagnostic virology as part of very sensitive immunoassays.

Glycosides formed by the reaction of the hydroxyl group on the anomeric carbon atom of mannose with an alcohol to form an acetal. They include both alpha- and beta-mannosides.

Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.

An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of water-holding capacity of insoluble solids to total water, rather than the amount of water present. Diarrhea is not hyperdefecation or increased fecal weight.

Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.

A set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene. Such genes may be clustered together on the same chromosome or dispersed on different chromosomes. Examples of multigene families include those that encode the hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, histocompatibility antigens, actins, tubulins, keratins, collagens, heat shock proteins, salivary glue proteins, chorion proteins, cuticle proteins, yolk proteins, and phaseolins, as well as histones, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes. The latter three are examples of reiterated genes, where hundreds of identical genes are present in a tandem array. (King & Stanfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Infections with bacteria of the family BACTEROIDACEAE.

A glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol (GPI) - anchored membrane protein found on the thick ascending limb of the LOOP OF HENLE. The cleaved form of the protein is found abundantly in URINE.

A triangular double membrane separating the anterior horns of the LATERAL VENTRICLES of the brain. It is situated in the median plane and bounded by the CORPUS CALLOSUM and the body and columns of the FORNIX (BRAIN).

A whiplike motility appendage present on the surface cells. Prokaryote flagella are composed of a protein called FLAGELLIN. Bacteria can have a single flagellum, a tuft at one pole, or multiple flagella covering the entire surface. In eukaryotes, flagella are threadlike protoplasmic extensions used to propel flagellates and sperm. Flagella have the same basic structure as CILIA but are longer in proportion to the cell bearing them and present in much smaller numbers. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Tests that are dependent on the clumping of cells, microorganisms, or particles when mixed with specific antiserum. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

A group of compounds with the general formula M10(PO4)6(OH)2, where M is barium, strontium, or calcium. The compounds are the principal mineral in phosphorite deposits, biological tissue, human bones, and teeth. They are also used as an anticaking agent and polymer catalysts. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Process of determining and distinguishing species of bacteria or viruses based on antigens they share.

A thin protein film on the surface of DENTAL ENAMEL. It is widely believed to result from the selective adsorption of precursor proteins present in SALIVA onto tooth surfaces, and to reduce microbial adherence to the TEETH.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

One or more layers of EPITHELIAL CELLS, supported by the basal lamina, which covers the inner or outer surfaces of the body.

The technique of washing tissue specimens with a concentrated solution of a heavy metal salt and letting it dry. The specimen will be covered with a very thin layer of the metal salt, being excluded in areas where an adsorbed macromolecule is present. The macromolecules allow electrons from the beam of an electron microscope to pass much more readily than the heavy metal; thus, a reversed or negative image of the molecule is created.

Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

A genus of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria occurring as rods (subgenus Moraxella) or cocci (subgenus Branhamella). Its organisms are parasitic on the mucous membranes of humans and other warm-blooded animals.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria found in soil, water, food, and clinical specimens. It is a prominent opportunistic pathogen for hospitalized patients.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent or treat both enterotoxigenic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infections.

Antigens on surfaces of cells, including infectious or foreign cells or viruses. They are usually protein-containing groups on cell membranes or walls and may be isolated.

Inflammation of the URINARY BLADDER, either from bacterial or non-bacterial causes. Cystitis is usually associated with painful urination (dysuria), increased frequency, urgency, and suprapubic pain.

Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of the genus Sus.

Mutagenesis where the mutation is caused by the introduction of foreign DNA sequences into a gene or extragenic sequence. This may occur spontaneously in vivo or be experimentally induced in vivo or in vitro. Proviral DNA insertions into or adjacent to a cellular proto-oncogene can interrupt GENETIC TRANSLATION of the coding sequences or interfere with recognition of regulatory elements and cause unregulated expression of the proto-oncogene resulting in tumor formation.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

A genetic rearrangement through loss of segments of DNA or RNA, bringing sequences which are normally separated into close proximity. This deletion may be detected using cytogenetic techniques and can also be inferred from the phenotype, indicating a deletion at one specific locus.

Heavily myelinated fiber bundle of the TELENCEPHALON projecting from the hippocampal formation to the HYPOTHALAMUS. Some authorities consider the fornix part of the LIMBIC SYSTEM. The fimbria starts as a flattened band of axons arising from the subiculum and HIPPOCAMPUS, which then thickens to form the fornix.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

A species of BORDETELLA isolated from the respiratory tracts of TURKEYS and other BIRDS. It causes a highly contagious bordetellosis.

The clear, viscous fluid secreted by the SALIVARY GLANDS and mucous glands of the mouth. It contains MUCINS, water, organic salts, and ptylin.

A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria whose organisms arrange singly, in pairs, or short chains. This genus is commonly found in the intestinal tract and is an opportunistic pathogen that can give rise to bacteremia, pneumonia, urinary tract and several other types of human infection.

Inflammation of the coverings of the brain and/or spinal cord, which consist of the PIA MATER; ARACHNOID; and DURA MATER. Infections (viral, bacterial, and fungal) are the most common causes of this condition, but subarachnoid hemorrhage (HEMORRHAGES, SUBARACHNOID), chemical irritation (chemical MENINGITIS), granulomatous conditions, neoplastic conditions (CARCINOMATOUS MENINGITIS), and other inflammatory conditions may produce this syndrome. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1994, Ch24, p6)

A musculomembranous sac along the URINARY TRACT. URINE flows from the KIDNEYS into the bladder via the ureters (URETER), and is held there until URINATION.

A test used to determine whether or not complementation (compensation in the form of dominance) will occur in a cell with a given mutant phenotype when another mutant genome, encoding the same mutant phenotype, is introduced into that cell.

Substances that are toxic to the intestinal tract causing vomiting, diarrhea, etc.; most common enterotoxins are produced by bacteria.

A verocytotoxin-producing serogroup belonging to the O subfamily of Escherichia coli which has been shown to cause severe food-borne disease. A strain from this serogroup, serotype H7, which produces SHIGA TOXINS, has been linked to human disease outbreaks resulting from contamination of foods by E. coli O157 from bovine origin.

Oral tissue surrounding and attached to TEETH.

The section of the alimentary canal from the STOMACH to the ANAL CANAL. It includes the LARGE INTESTINE and SMALL INTESTINE.

Role of Bordetella pertussis virulence factors in adherence to epithelial cell lines derived from the human respiratory tract. (1/2491)

During colonization of the respiratory tract by Bordetella pertussis, virulence factors contribute to adherence of the bacterium to the respiratory tract epithelium. In the present study, we examined the roles of the virulence factors filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), fimbriae, pertactin (Prn), and pertussis toxin (PT) in the adherence of B. pertussis to cells of the human bronchial epithelial cell line NCI-H292 and of the laryngeal epithelial cell line HEp-2. Using B. pertussis mutant strains and purified FHA, fimbriae, Prn, and PT, we demonstrated that both fimbriae and FHA are involved in the adhesion of B. pertussis to laryngeal epithelial cells, whereas only FHA is involved in the adherence to bronchial epithelial cells. For PT and Prn, no role as adhesion factor was found. However, purified PT bound to both bronchial and laryngeal cells and as such reduced the adherence of B. pertussis to these cells. These data may imply that fimbriae play a role in infection of only the laryngeal mucosa, while FHA is the major factor in colonization of the entire respiratory tract. (+info)

Genetic characterization of a new type IV-A pilus gene cluster found in both classical and El Tor biotypes of Vibrio cholerae. (2/2491)

The Vibrio cholerae genome contains a 5.4-kb pil gene cluster that resembles the Aeromonas hydrophila tap gene cluster and other type IV-A pilus assembly operons. The region consists of five complete open reading frames designated pilABCD and yacE, based on the nomenclature of related genes from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli K-12. This cluster is present in both classical and El Tor biotypes, and the pilA and pilD genes are 100% conserved. The pilA gene encodes a putative type IV pilus subunit. However, deletion of pilA had no effect on either colonization of infant mice or adherence to HEp-2 cells, demonstrating that pilA does not encode the primary subunit of a pilus essential for these processes. The pilD gene product is similar to other type IV prepilin peptidases, proteins that process type IV signal sequences. Mutational analysis of the pilD gene showed that pilD is essential for secretion of cholera toxin and hemagglutinin-protease, mannose-sensitive hemagglutination (MSHA), production of toxin-coregulated pili, and colonization of infant mice. Defects in these functions are likely due to the lack of processing of N termini of four Eps secretion proteins, four proteins of the MSHA cluster, and TcpB, all of which contain type IV-A leader sequences. Some pilD mutants also showed reduced adherence to HEp-2 cells, but this defect could not be complemented in trans, indicating that the defect may not be directly due to a loss of pilD. Taken together, these data demonstrate the effectiveness of the V. cholerae genome project for rapid identification and characterization of potential virulence factors. (+info)

Molecular basis for the enterocyte tropism exhibited by Salmonella typhimurium type 1 fimbriae. (3/2491)

Salmonella typhimurium exhibits a distinct tropism for mouse enterocytes that is linked to their expression of type 1 fimbriae. The distinct binding traits of Salmonella type 1 fimbriae is also reflected in their binding to selected mannosylated proteins and in their ability to promote secondary bacterial aggregation on enterocyte surfaces. The determinant of binding in Salmonella type 1 fimbriae is a 35-kDa structurally distinct fimbrial subunit, FimHS, because inactivation of fimHS abolished binding activity in the resulting mutant without any apparent effect on fimbrial expression. Surprisingly, when expressed in the absence of other fimbrial components and as a translational fusion protein with MalE, FimHS failed to demonstrate any specific binding tropism and bound equally to all cells and mannosylated proteins tested. To determine if the binding specificity of Salmonella type 1 fimbriae was determined by the fimbrial shaft that is intimately associated with FimHS, we replaced the amino-terminal half of FimHS with the corresponding sequence from Escherichia coli FimH (FimHE) that contains the receptor binding domain of FimHE. The resulting hybrid fimbriae bearing FimHES on a Salmonella fimbrial shaft exhibited binding traits that resembled that of Salmonella rather than E. coli fimbriae. Apparently, the quaternary constraints imposed by the fimbrial shaft on the adhesin determine the distinct binding traits of S. typhimurium type 1 fimbriae. (+info)

P fimbriae and other adhesins enhance intestinal persistence of Escherichia coli in early infancy. (4/2491)

Resident and transient Escherichia coli strains were identified in the rectal flora of 22 Pakistani infants followed from birth to 6 months of age. All strains were tested for O-antigen expression, adhesin specificity (P fimbriae, other mannose-resistant adhesins or type 1 fimbriae) and adherence to the colonic cell line HT-29. Resident strains displayed higher mannose-resistant adherence to HT-29 cells, and expressed P fimbriae (P = 0.0036) as well as other mannose-resistant adhesins (P = 0.012) more often than transient strains. In strains acquired during the first month of life, P fimbriae were 12 times more frequent in resident than in transient strains (P = 0.0006). The O-antigen distribution did not differ between resident and transient strains, and none of the resident P-fimbriated strains belonged to previously recognized uropathogenic clones. The results suggest that adhesins mediating adherence to intestinal epithelial cells, especially P fimbriae, enhance the persistence of E. coli in the large intestine of infants. (+info)

Environmental signals modulate ToxT-dependent virulence factor expression in Vibrio cholerae. (5/2491)

The regulatory protein ToxT directly activates the transcription of virulence factors in Vibrio cholerae, including cholera toxin (CT) and the toxin-coregulated pilus (TCP). Specific environmental signals stimulate virulence factor expression by inducing the transcription of toxT. We demonstrate that transcriptional activation by the ToxT protein is also modulated by environmental signals. ToxT expressed from an inducible promoter activated high-level expression of CT and TCP in V. cholerae at 30 degrees C, but expression of CT and TCP was significantly decreased or abolished by the addition of 0.4% bile to the medium and/or an increase of the temperature to 37 degrees C. Also, expression of six ToxT-dependent TnphoA fusions was modulated by temperature and bile. Measurement of ToxT-dependent transcription of genes encoding CT and TCP by ctxAp- and tcpAp-luciferase fusions confirmed that negative regulation by 37 degrees C or bile occurs at the transcriptional level in V. cholerae. Interestingly, ToxT-dependent transcription of these same promoters in Salmonella typhimurium was relatively insensitive to regulation by temperature or bile. These data are consistent with ToxT transcriptional activity being modulated by environmental signals in V. cholerae and demonstrate an additional level of complexity governing the expression of virulence factors in this pathogen. We propose that negative regulation of ToxT-dependent transcription by environmental signals prevents the incorrect temporal and spatial expression of virulence factors during cholera pathogenesis. (+info)

Roles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa las and rhl quorum-sensing systems in control of twitching motility. (6/2491)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitous environmental bacterium and an important human pathogen. The production of several virulence factors by P. aeruginosa is controlled through two quorum-sensing systems, las and rhl. We have obtained evidence that both the las and rhl quorum-sensing systems are also required for type 4 pilus-dependent twitching motility and infection by the pilus-specific phage D3112cts. Mutants which lack the ability to synthesize PAI-1, PAI-2, or both autoinducers were significantly or greatly impaired in twitching motility and in susceptibility to D3112cts. Twitching motility and phage susceptibility in the autoinducer-deficient mutants were partially restored by exposure to exogenous PAI-1 and PAI-2. Both twitching motility and infection by pilus-specific phage are believed to be dependent on the extension and retraction of polar type 4 pili. Western blot analysis of whole-cell lysates and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays of intact cells were used to measure the amounts of pilin on the cell surfaces of las and rhl mutants relative to that of the wild type. It appears that PAI-2 plays a crucial role in twitching motility and phage infection by affecting the export and assembly of surface type 4 pili. The ability of P. aeruginosa cells to adhere to human bronchial epithelial cells was also found to be dependent on the rhl quorum-sensing system. Microscopic analysis of twitching motility indicated that mutants which were unable to synthesize PAI-1 were defective in the maintenance of cellular monolayers and migrating packs of cells. Thus, PAI-1 appears to have an essential role in maintaining cell-cell spacing and associations required for effective twitching motility. (+info)

The level of expression of the minor pilin subunit, CooD, determines the number of CS1 pili assembled on the cell surface of Escherichia coli. (7/2491)

CooD, the minor subunit of CS1 pili of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, is essential for the assembly of stable, functional pili. We previously proposed that CooD is a rate-limiting initiator of CS1 pilus assembly and predicted that the level of CooD expression should therefore determine the number of CS1 pili assembled on the cell surface. In this study, we confirm that CooD is required for the initiation of pilus assembly rather than for the stabilization of pili after they are assembled by demonstrating that specific modulation of cooD expression also modulates the number of CS1 pili on bacterial cells. (+info)

Organization of biogenesis genes for aggregative adherence fimbria II defines a virulence gene cluster in enteroaggregative Escherichia coli. (8/2491)

Several virulence-related genes have been described for prototype enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) strain 042, which has been shown to cause diarrhea in human volunteers. Among these factors are the enterotoxins Pet and EAST and the fimbrial antigen aggregative adherence fimbria II (AAF/II), all of which are encoded on the 65-MDa virulence plasmid pAA2. Using nucleotide sequence analysis and insertional mutagenesis, we have found that the genes required for the expression of each of these factors, as well as the transcriptional activator of fimbrial expression AggR, map to a distinct cluster on the pAA2 plasmid map. The cluster is 23 kb in length and includes two regions required for expression of the AAF/II fimbria. These fimbrial biogenesis genes feature a unique organization in which the chaperone, subunit, and transcriptional activator lie in one cluster, whereas the second, unlinked cluster comprises a silent chaperone gene, usher, and invasin reminiscent of Dr family fimbrial clusters. This plasmid-borne virulence locus may represent an important set of virulence determinants in EAEC strains. (+info)

Bacterial flagella are thicker than archaella, and the bacterial filament has a large enough hollow "tube" inside that the ... Prokaryotic fimbriae and pili are smaller, and thinner appendages, with different functions. The three types of flagella are ... The similarities between bacterial flagella and bacterial secretory system structures and proteins provide scientific evidence ... They provide two of several kinds of bacterial motility. Archaeal flagella (archaella) are superficially similar to bacterial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flagellum

December 2019). "Necrotizing enterocolitis is preceded by increased gut bacterial replication, Klebsiella, and fimbriae- ... May 2018). "Bacterial-fungal interactions: ecology, mechanisms and challenges". FEMS Microbiology Reviews. 42 (3): 335-352. doi ... gutSMASH is a tool that systematically evaluates bacterial metabolic potential by predicting both known and novel anaerobic ... sequences of small subunits of domain bacterial and archaeal (16S); and fungal rRNA sequences of large subunits (28S). Chicco D ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_learning_in_bioinformatics

Bacterial nanowires Flagellum Sortase P fimbriae "pilus" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary Brinton, Charles (1954). " ... Fimbriae are only visible with the use of an electron microscope. They may be straight or flexible. Fimbriae possess adhesins ... This layer, called a pellicle, consists of many aerobic bacteria that adhere to the surface by their fimbriae. Thus, fimbriae ... The terms pilus and fimbria (Latin for 'fringe'; plural: fimbriae) can be used interchangeably, although some researchers ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilus

Length changes in bacterial SSRs can affect fimbriae formation in Haemophilus influenzae, by altering promoter spacing. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsatellite

Short fimbriae (Mfa1), also known as minor fimbriae, have distinct roles from long fimbriae and are characterized to be ... List of bacterial vaginosis microbiota Naito M, Hirakawa H, Yamashita A, Ohara N, Shoji M, Yukitake H, et al. (August 2008). " ... P. gingivalis has long fimbriae, short fimbriae, and accessory components, each of which have distinct functions. Long fimbriae ... Short fimbriae are involved in cell-cell adhesion with other dental commensals. It was found to coadhere and develop biofilm in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porphyromonas_gingivalis

Although not all bacteria have pili or fimbriae, bacterial pathogens often use their fimbriae to attach to host cells. In Gram- ... Genetic transformation is the process by which a recipient bacterial cell takes up DNA from a neighboring cell and integrates ... Kang HJ, Coulibaly F, Clow F, Proft T, Baker EN (2007). "Stabilizing isopeptide bonds revealed in gram-positive bacterial pilus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilin

Most members of Enterobacteriaceae have peritrichous, type I fimbriae involved in the adhesion of the bacterial cells to their ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterobacteriaceae

... fimbriae) to receptor. The bacterial adhesion reduction is reached by Met I ad concentration similar to the plasmatic peak ... Antiadhesive activity Erdosteine is able to interfere with bacterial adhesion. In fact, Met I can affect the integrity of the ... Erdosteine showed in vivo and in vitro synergistic activity with antibiotics, against bacterial adhesiveness, in patients with ... the opening of this bond can induce a morphological change that interferes with the binding of bacterial adhesin ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erdosteine

"Escherichia coli F4 fimbriae specific llama single-domain antibody fragments effectively inhibit bacterial adhesion in vitro ... The smaller size and single domain make these antibodies easier to transform into bacterial cells for bulk production, making ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-domain_antibody

Swarming motility is the coordinated translocation of a bacterial population driven by flagellar rotation in film or on fluid ... These include adherence due to the presence of fimbriae or afimbrial adhesins, invasiveness, swarming phenomenon, hemolytic ... Second German-Polish-Russian Meeting on Bacterial Carbohydrates, Moscow, September 10-12, 2002. Zych K, Kowalczyk M, Knirel YA ... Type strain of Proteus penneri at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase Portal: Biology (CS1: long volume value, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteus_penneri

Prokaryotes have adhesion molecules on their cell surface termed bacterial adhesins, apart from using its pili (fimbriae) and ... Pizarro-Cerdá, Javier; Cossart, Pascale (2006). "Bacterial Adhesion and Entry into Host Cells". Cell. 124 (4): 715-727. doi: ... Ofek, Itzhak; Hasty, David L; Sharon, Nathan (2003). "Anti-adhesion therapy of bacterial diseases: prospects and problems". ... Klemm, Per; Schembri, Mark A. (2000). "Bacterial adhesins: function and structure". International Journal of Medical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_adhesion

He received a PhD from the University of Wisconsin for his work on bacterial pili and fimbriae involved in host-pathogen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willem_P._C._Stemmer

April 2017). "Bacterial amyloid curli acts as a carrier for DNA to elicit an autoimmune response via TLR2 and TLR9". PLOS ... Collinson SK, Doig PC, Doran JL, Clouthier S, Trust TJ, Kay WW (January 1993). "Thin, aggregative fimbriae mediate binding of ... February 2015). "The bacterial curli system possesses a potent and selective inhibitor of amyloid formation". Molecular Cell. ... It has long been believed that bacterial growth at a temperature below 30 °C promotes curli gene expression. However, it is now ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curli

A fimbria (plural fimbriae also known as a pilus, plural pili) is a short, thin, hair-like filament found on the surface of ... The bacterial flagellum stretches from cytoplasm through the cell membrane(s) and extrudes through the cell wall. They are long ... Fimbriae are formed of a protein called pilin (antigenic) and are responsible for the attachment of bacteria to specific ... Linear bacterial plasmids have been identified in several species of spirochete bacteria, including members of the genus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_(biology)

Bacterial preys will then collapse, as they do for example when treated with Βeta-lactam antibiotics. Filloux also carried on ... or fimbriae, he called Cup. Working with Stephen Lory from Harvard Medical School, Filloux discovered a regulatory switch, LadS ... He used bacterial genetics to identify a series of molecular determinants involved in the biofilm formation process, notably ... It was known that high levels of c-di-GMP in bacterial cells turns on biofilm development, and Filloux showed that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alain_Filloux

pilus) are cellular appendages, slightly larger than fimbriae, that can transfer genetic material between bacterial cells in a ... The most common fatal bacterial diseases are respiratory infections. Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections and are ... Luong P, Dube DH (July 2021). "Dismantling the bacterial glycocalyx: Chemical tools to probe, perturb, and image bacterial ... Fimbriae are believed to be involved in attachment to solid surfaces or to other cells, and are essential for the virulence of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteria

Bacterial resistance against taurolidine has never been observed in various studies. The use of a taurolidine lock solution may ... Catheter lock solution: Taurolidine decreases the adherence of bacteria and fungi to host cells by destructing the fimbriae and ... Side effects and the induction of bacterial resistance is uncommon. It is also being studied as a treatment for cancer. It is ... These labile N-methylol derivatives of taurultam and taurinamide react with the bacterial cell-wall resulting in lysis of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taurolidine

In this context, c-di-GMP functions as a bacterial secondary messenger, enhancing the production of extracellular cellulose and ... fimbria) and producing ECM polysaccharides (cellulose). Following a promoter-lacZ fusion assay of CsgD binding to specific ... CsgD is a transcription and response regulator protein referenced to as the master modulator of bacterial biofilm development. ... Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Bacterial proteins). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CsgD

Unlike fimbriae and pili, whose composition and function(s) are well defined among bacterial species, hami belong to a ... In contrast to the well-studied prokaryotic appendages pili and fimbriae, much is yet to be discovered about archaeal ... archaea anaerobes methanotrophy is believed to have preceded bacterial aerobic methanotrophy. When studying phylogenetic trees ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamus_(archaea)

The persistence of B. longum in the gut is attributed to the glycoprotein-binding fimbriae structures and bacterial ... Type strain of Bifidobacterium longum at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase New Strain of Bifidobacterium May Help ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bifidobacterium_longum

... fimbriae, bacterial MeSH A11.284.180.290 - flagella MeSH A11.284.180.290.835 - sperm tail MeSH A11.284.180.565 - microvilli ... bacterial MeSH A11.284.187.190.170 - chromosomes, artificial, bacterial MeSH A11.284.187.360 - chromosomes, fungal MeSH A11.284 ... bacterial chromatophores MeSH A11.284.430.214.190.875.117 - cell nucleus MeSH A11.284.430.214.190.875.117.550 - macronucleus ... bacterial MeSH A11.284.187.178.190 - chromosomes, artificial, mammalian MeSH A11.284.187.178.190.117 - chromosomes, artificial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(A11)

... pili or fimbriae (also fimbria, from the Latin word for "fringe") can be trapped by Tamm-Horsfall protein via its mannose- ... A role in bacterial binding and sequestration is suggested by studies showing that Escherichia coli which express MS (mannose- ... "Structure of the decoy module of human glycoprotein 2 and uromodulin and its interaction with bacterial adhesin FimH". Nat. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uromodulin

A variety of bacterial traits and specific genes contribute to this process, but only a few have been identified. These include ... motility, chemotaxis to seed and root exudates, production of pili or fimbriae, production of specific cell surface components ... "Genetic approaches for analysis and manipulation of rhizosphere colonization by bacterial biocontrol agents". In Boland, Greg J ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhizobacteria

... coli fimbriae and were thought to inhibit bacterial infections, such as urinary tract infections (UTIs). Clinical trials failed ... by the European Food Safety Authority rejected physiological evidence that cranberry PACs have a role in inhibiting bacterial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proanthocyanidin

Bacterial gliding is a type of gliding motility that can also use pili for propulsion. The speed of gliding varies between ... and fimbriae. Gliding allows microorganisms to travel along the surface of low aqueous films. The mechanisms of this motility ... In the diagram above, right: Bacterial gliding is a process of motility whereby a bacterium can move under its own power. ... McBride, M. (2001). "Bacterial gliding motility: Multiple mechanisms for cell movement over surfaces". Annual Review of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gliding_motility

This stimulates antibody production against the bacterial pilli to prevent their attachment and invasion of the conjunctiva. ... M. bovis uses several different serotyped fimbriae as virulence factors, consequently pharmaceutical companies have exploited ... and oversized or incorrectly placed ear tags may cause mechanical damage to the eye and facilitate bacterial colonization. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_bovine_keratoconjunctivitis

... in the juice's ability to block bacterial adhesion, demonstrated by the compressing the fimbria of E. coli bacteria in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavonols

It has polar fimbriae and is the causative agent of ovine foot rot as well as interdigital dermatitis. It is the lone species ... Environmental management and treatment of infected is required to prevent further bacterial spread. D. nodosus is a rod shaped ... It has polar fimbriae epitomes that separate the bacteria into multiple serogroups. D. nodosus, along with Fusobacterium ... D. nodosus releases protease enzymes, it is the number of protease enzymes, type of protease enzymes and the type IV fimbriae ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dichelobacter_nodosus

Other bacterial cell surface structures range from disorganised slime layers to highly structured capsules. These are made from ... Additionally, protein appendages can be present on the surface: fimbriae and pili can have different lengths and diameters and ... Xie, L.; Altindal, T.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Wu, X.-L. (2011). "Bacterial flagellum as a propeller and as a rudder for efficient ... Lauga, Eric (2016). "Bacterial Hydrodynamics". Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics. 48 (1): 105-130. arXiv:1509.02184. Bibcode: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microswimmer

Schembri MA, Blom J, Krogfelt KA, Klemm P (August 2005). "Capsule and fimbria interaction in Klebsiella pneumoniae". Infection ... Bacterial cell structure Quellung reaction, a method to visualize capsule under a microscope Peterson JW (1996). Bacterial ... When viewed, bacterial capsules appear as a bright halo around the cell on a dark background. The capsule is considered a ... Most bacterial capsules are composed of polysaccharide, but some species use other materials, such as poly-D-glutamic acid in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_capsule

This includes parts (coats, capsules, cell walls, flagella, fimbriae, and toxins) of bacteria, viruses, and other ... In 1899, Ladislas Deutsch (László Detre) named the hypothetical substances halfway between bacterial constituents and ... or because of viral or intracellular bacterial infection. The fragments are then presented on the cell surface in the complex ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antigen

In some protozoa, the pellicle hosts epibiotic bacteria that adhere to the surface by their fimbriae (attachment pili). Some ... In part, they facilitate the transfer of bacterial and algal production to successive trophic levels, but also they solubilize ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protozoa

The virulence of Serratia strains can also be identifiable by type 4 fimbriae, small hair-like projections. The average genome ... Most of them reside in insects as bacterial flora and some form mutualistic symbiotic relationships with their hosts. For ... "Evidence for Gut-Associated Serratia symbiotica in Wild Aphids and Ants Provides New Perspectives on the Evolution of Bacterial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serratia

Expression of the fimbriae to form biofilms can be regulated by temperature, similar to those in some Enterobacteriales. ... It has been found that in natural bacterial populations, genomic changes can and do occur, but many of these changes become ... As a result, C. freundii belongs to a limited group of Gram-negative bacterial species that are frequently encountered in ... A possible explanation for this is the hypothesis that the offspring from a bacterial strain will be produced with varying ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrobacter_freundii

Other adhesins are fimbriae and petractin. Once anchored, the bacterium produces tracheal cytotoxin, which stops the cilia from ... It also decreases the function of tissue-resident macrophages, which are responsible for some bacterial clearance. Another ... Type strain of Bordetella pertussis at BacDive-the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase (CS1 maint: others, Articles with short ... They are being replaced by acellular vaccines, composed of purified surface antigens, mainly fimbriae, filamentous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bordetella_pertussis

Sela S, Nestel D, Pinto R, Nemny-Lavy E, Bar-Joseph M (2005). "Mediterranean fruit fly as a potential vector of bacterial ... Uropathogenic E. coli use P fimbriae (pyelonephritis-associated pili) to bind urinary tract urothelial cells and colonize the ... Ehrlich G, Hu F, Shen K, Stoodley P, Post J (August 2005). "Bacterial plurality as a general mechanism driving persistence in ... List of strains of Escherichia coli "Escherichia coli O157:H7". CDC Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases. Retrieved 2011- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_Escherichia_coli

Bacterial vaginosis and risk of pelvic inflammatory disease" Obstet Gynecol 2004; 44 (Supp 3): S111-22. Smith KJ, Ness RB, ... It can be caused by hydrosalpinges, pelvic adhesions, or fusion of the fimbriae. Tubal obstruction is caused by infection, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubal_factor_infertility

The N-terminal signal sequences promotes the secretion of PRN into the periplasm through the bacterial secretion system (Sec) ... Poolman JT, Hallander HO (February 2007). "Acellular pertussis vaccines and the role of pertactin and fimbriae". Expert Rev ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertactin

Bacterial Inclusion Bodies Contain Amyloid-Like Structure at SciVee Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis Amyloid: Journal of Protein ... Amyloids may also have normal biological functions; for example, in the formation of fimbriae in some genera of bacteria, ... encoding the curli system are phylogenetic widespread and can be found in at least four bacterial phyla. This suggest that many ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amyloid

The biogenesis of some fimbriae (or pili) requires a two-component assembly and transport system which is composed of a ... Capitani G, Eidam O, Grütter MG (2006). "Evidence for a novel domain of bacterial outer membrane ushers". Proteins. 65 (4): 816 ... Schifferli DM, Alrutz MA (1994). "Permissive linker insertion sites in the outer membrane protein of 987P fimbriae of ... Saier Jr MH, Van Rosmalen M (1993). "Structural and evolutionary relationships between two families of bacterial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fimbrial_usher_protein

There is some interest in the twitching motility that is most likely caused by its type 4 fimbriae which is somewhat ... Type strain of Suttonella indologenes at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase (CS1 errors: missing periodical, ... They are non-motile, but they have type 4 pili (fimbriae), which exhibits twitching motility. They are aerobic, and their ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suttonella_indologenes

... (ETEC) is a type of Escherichia coli and one of the leading bacterial causes of diarrhea in ... but the main hallmarks of this type of bacteria are expression of one or more enterotoxins and presence of fimbriae used for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterotoxigenic_Escherichia_coli

... 's primary role is to sequester free iron, and in doing so remove essential substrate required for bacterial growth ... Sojar HT, Hamada N, Genco RJ (January 1998). "Structures involved in the interaction of Porphyromonas gingivalis fimbriae and ... Singh PK, Parsek MR, Greenberg EP, Welsh MJ (May 2002). "A component of innate immunity prevents bacterial biofilm development ... Lactoferrin binds to lipopolysaccharide of bacterial walls, and the oxidized iron part of the lactoferrin oxidizes bacteria via ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactoferrin

The mechanism of bacterial resistance in some strains of B. avium have been recorded: there are resistance genes encoded on ... The genes encoding for many of these proteins, such as fhaB (filamentous hemagglutinin) and fimA (fimbriae), as well as genes ... W.; Saif, Y. M. (2008). "Section II Bacterial Diseases: Bordetellosis (Turkey Coryza". Diseases of poultry (12 ed.). Ames, IA: ... Type strain of Bordetella avium at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase (Webarchive template wayback links, Articles ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bordetella_avium

Superantigens, bacterial adhesions, and the actions of Yops (which are bacterial proteins once thought to be "Yersinia outer ... Lindler LE, Tall BD (1993). "Yersinia pestis pH 6 antigen forms fimbriae and is induced by intracellular association with ... Numerous bacterial small non-coding RNAs have been identified to play regulatory functions. Some can regulate the virulence ... Bliska JB, Falkow S (1992). "Bacterial resistance to complement killing mediated by the Ail protein of Yersinia enterocolitica ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yersinia_pseudotuberculosis

Involvement of curli fimbriae in the biofilm formation of Enterobacter cloacae. Journal of Microbiology. 50 (1), 175-178 (2012 ... Enterobacte ludwigii, named after Wolfgang Ludwig, a microbiologist working in bacterial systematics[51] and who developed the ... 2 (4), 272-274 (1993). Zogaj X, Bokranz W, Nimtz M, Romling U. Production of cellulose and curli fimbriae by members of the ... Colistin: the revival of polymyxins for the management of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. Clinical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterobacter_cloacae

For a catch-bond, the force on the cell pulls the adhesive tip of a fimbria to close tighter on its target cell. As the ... Thomas WE, Trintchina E, Forero M, Vogel V, Sokurenko EV (June 2002). "Bacterial adhesion to target cells enhanced by shear ... For a cryptic-bond, the force causes the fimbria to swivel toward the target cell and have more binding sites able to attach to ... Thomas WE, Trintchina E, Forero M, Vogel V, Sokurenko EV (June 2002). "Bacterial adhesion to target cells enhanced by shear ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukocyte_extravasation

During the trial, four participants died of invasive bacterial disease that occurred up to 5 months after vaccination. Three ... fimbriae (Fim) types 2 and 3). Several studies, relating to the immunogenicity and the safety of various candidate acellular ... Current candidate vaccines contain one or more of the bacterial components thought to provide protection. These components ... Mortality and morbidity from invasive bacterial infections during a clinical trial of acellular pertussis vaccines in Sweden. ...

https://www.cdc.gov/MMWR/preview/mmwrhtml/00041801.htm

Fimbriae Proteins / chemistry * Fimbriae, Bacterial / enzymology * Models, Molecular * Molecular Sequence Data * Protein ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21264317/

Most bacterial data are derived from research with Escherichia coli, which accounts for 70-90% of uncomplicated UTIs and 21-54 ... The P fimbriae family of adhesins is epidemiologically associated with prostatitis, pyelonephritis (70-90% of strains), and ... Bacterial strains that produce ABU may in some instances provide a measure of protection against symptomatic infections from ... Acute pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidney parenchyma that can be organ- and/or life-threatening and that ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/245559-19925/how-does-pregnancy-affect-the-pathophysiology-of-acute-pyelonephritis-kidney-infection

Do streptococcal fimbriae play a role in bacterial tonsillitis?. Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 2005, 87(6 ... Whos talking to whom? Epithelial-bacterial pathogen interactions. In: International Symposium on Epithelial-Bacterial Pathogen ... Fontes CMGA, Ali S, Gilbert HJ, Hazlewood GP, Hirst BH, Hall J. Bacterial xylanase expression in mammalian cells and transgenic ... Co-integration and expression of bacterial and genomic transgenes in the pancreatic and intestinal tissues of transgenic mice. ...

https://www.ncl.ac.uk/medical-sciences/people/profile/barryhirst.html

https://wonder.cdc.gov/wonder/prevguid/m0041801/m0041801.asp

DNAstart text, D, N, A, end text molecules to other bacteria, while others are involved in bacterial locomotion-helping the ... Fimbriae are numerous, hair-like structures that are used for attachment to host cells and other surfaces. Bacteria may also ... Fimbriae :. are numerous, hair-like structures that are used for attachment to host cells and other surfaces. ... The figure below shows the sizes of prokaryotic, bacterial, and eukaryotic, plant and animal, cells as well as other molecules ...

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/high-school-biology/hs-cells/hs-prokaryotes-and-eukaryotes/a/prokaryotic-cells

Reduction of bacterial motility was also noticed. Our results clearly show the influence of AA and UA on virulence factors of ... Inhibition of P-fimbriae, curli fibers, and alpha-hemolysin production after exposure of UPECs to both AA and UA were observed ... The following were determined: the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) according to CLSI; P-fimbriae synthesis, based on ... Reduction of bacterial motility was also noticed. Our results clearly show the influence of AA and UA on virulence factors of ...

https://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/biology/vol37/iss5/7/

Clinical syndromes include acute focal bacterial nephritis, acute multifocal bacterial nephritis, emphysematous pyelonephritis ... Other adhesive factors include its pili and fimbriae.Its production of urease and hemolysins are additional pathogenic ... Acute focal bacterial nephritis is also known as acute lobar nephronia or focal pyelonephritis (see the image below). This is ... Acute multifocal bacterial nephritis affects more than one lobe. Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a severe, necrotizing form of ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2039975-overview

Is bacterial adhesion regulated by cell surface structures and can fimbriae act as sensors for surface properties? ... bacterial, worm, mouse and human cells. A particular strength is the use of yeast as an advanced cell model and access to ... and how antibiotic resistance genes spread within bacterial populations. ...

https://www.gu.se/en/chemistry-molecular-biology/our-research/molecular-and-cellular-biology

Keywords: bacterial adhesin, bacterial attachment, pathogenesis, immunoglobulin fold adhesin, lectin, fimbriae, protein-sugar ...

http://scop.berkeley.edu/pdb/code=2bs7&ver=2.01

The targets selected for each category were fimH for type 1 fimbriae, aggR for EAEC, eae for EPEC, stx1 and stx2 for STEC, lt ... All bacterial isolates were microbiologically identified in the microbiology laboratory of the hospital using standard ... The goal of our study was to evaluate the frequency of E. coli pathotypes and type 1 fimbriae in children attending a referral ... In our study, type 1 fimbriae was expressed by the majority of ETEC isolates (19/26, 73%). In addition, this gene was detected ...

http://www.emro.who.int/fr/emhj-vol-19-2013/volume-19-numero-7/diarrhoeagenic-e-coli-pathotypes-in-children-with-and-without-diarrhoea-in-an-iranian-referral-paediatrics-centre.html

Necrotizing enterocolitis is preceded by increased gut bacterial replication, Klebsiella, and fimbriae-encoding bacteria. Sci ... In contrast, the bacterial profiles were significantly associated with both postmenstrual age (R2 0.07, adj. p=0.006) and DOL ( ... Temporal bacterial and metabolic development of the preterm gut reveals specific signatures in health and disease. Microbiome ... Integrated analysis of HMO and bacterial profiles. DMM clustering was used to determine PGCTs using species-level data, and ...

https://gut.bmj.com/content/70/12/2273?ijkey=b8f4ed8192086242c79220639fb8aa6a671a0131&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Type 1 fimbriae are thin, thread-like protrusions on the bacterial cell surface. Theyre expressed in 90% of both clinical and ... 5-3-Fimbriae Type 1 and 3 fimbriae are the main adhesive structures that have been characterized as pathogenicity factors in K ... type 3 fimbriae are expressed, while the expression of type 1 fimbriae is controversial (2). Type 3 and, possibly, type 1 ... These are molecules that possess a higher affinity for iron (which is essential for bacterial growth and plays a crucial role ...

https://www.ukessays.com/essays/medical/klebsiella-pneumoniae-and-hypervirulent-derivatives.php

Identification of two laminin-binding fimbriae, the type-1 fimbria of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and the G fimbria ... The bacterial flagellum as a surface display and expression tool. Invited review in In Pili and flagella: current r ... Binding of enterobacterial fimbriae to proteins of basement membranes and connective tissue - a novel function for fimbriae. In ... The fimbriae activator MatA switches off motility in Escherichia coli by repression of the flagellar master operon flhDC. ...

https://blogs.helsinki.fi/molecularbacteriology/publications-westerlund-wikstrom/

Fimbriae-assisted bacterial surface display of heterologous peptides. Klemm, P. and Schembri, M.A. (2000). Fimbriae-assisted ... Bacterial adhesins: Function and structure. Klemm, Per and Schembri, Mark A. (2000). Bacterial adhesins: Function and structure ... Fimbriae-mediated adherence induces mucosal inflammation and bacterial clearance: consequences for anti-adhesion therapy ... Discovery of bacterial fimbria-glycan interactions using whole-cell recombinant Escherichia coli expression ...

http://researchers.uq.edu.au/researcher/1311

None of the deaths or invasive bacterial infections was vaccine related. In a study conducted in the United States, children ... PT= inactivated pertussis toxin; FHA=filamentous hemagglutinin; Pn=pertactin; Fim=fimbriae. & Measured in limit of flocculation ... Rates of invasive bacterial infections, hospitalizations, and deaths among infants vaccinated with Tripedia{Registered} were ... Acellular pertussis vaccines contain inactivated pertussis toxin (PT) and may contain one or more other bacterial components (e ...

https://www.cdc.gov/MMWR/Preview/MMWRhtml/00048610.htm

... also encoding type 3 fimbriae and three toxin/antitoxin systems. The plasmid was highly transferable to other E. coli strains, ... and conferred LHR-dependent heat resistance as well as type 3 fimbriae-dependent biofilm formation capabilities. Selection for ... including Shiga-toxin-producing strains, and conferred LHR-dependent heat resistance as well as type 3 fimbriae-dependent ... also encoding type 3 fimbriae and three bacteriocins and corresponding self-immunity proteins. The plasmid was highly ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00579/full

Fimbriae are part of two ACVs, the T-type vaccine mainly used in Japan which contains Fim2 in addition to FHA, Ptx and Prn [ ... Studies of B. pertussis populations suggest that, even in the context of complex bacterial genomes, small mutations in single ... Pathogen adaptations reveal weak spots in the bacterial defence and hence point to ways to improve vaccination. For example, ... Identifying genetic polymorphisms is a first step in finding loci important for bacterial adaptation. Early studies on genetic ...

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/epidemiology-and-infection/article/pertussis-resurgence-waning-immunity-and-pathogen-adaptation-two-sides-of-the-same-coin/2C4624385819C751F0C4E9448D4ABF04

The pef fimbriae are encoded by the pef (plasmid-encoded fimbriae) operon and are associated with adhesion to small intestine ... Genomic Bacterial DNA Extraction and Polymerase Chain Reaction. Genomic DNA extraction was carried out according to Boom et al ... strains and bacterial cultivation.Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028 was used as a positive control strain for the detection of ... 78:227-234.). The SEF14 fimbriae operon was described as a 3.9 kilobase (kb) region in Salmonella Enteritidis (Thorns et al. ...

https://www.scielo.br/j/pvb/a/ts9Scxq8K5RfW3pmF6xx64R/?lang=en

... type-1 fimbriae by nonpathogenic Escherichia coli 83972 results in an increased capacity for catheter adherence and bacterial ... Acute bacterial pneumonia is associated with the occurrence of acute coronary syndromes. Medicine (Baltimore) 88(3):154-159, ... Bacteriophages are synergistic with bacterial interference for the prevention of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation on ... Interleukin-6 treatment reverses apoptosis and blunts susceptibility to intraperitoneal bacterial challenge following ...

https://faculty.mdanderson.org/profiles/david_tweardy.html

... the fimbriae (fimA) gene, and the spvABCD system [5]. Salmonella is now the most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis. ... The phenomenon of antibiotic resistance is often associated with the development of biofilms in bacterial pathogens such as E. ... Bacterial isolation and identification. From October 2020 to January 2021, fecal samples (n: 150) were aseptically collected ... Uruén C, Chopo-Escuin G, Tommassen J, Mainar-Jaime RC, Arenas J. Biofilms as promoters of bacterial antibiotic resistance and ...

https://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13104-022-06218-6

Bacterial Fimbria Bacterial Fimbriae Common Fimbria Common Fimbriae Common Pili Common Pilus Fimbria, Bacterial Fimbria, Common ... Fimbriae bactériens Entry term(s):. Bacterial Fimbria. Bacterial Fimbriae. Bacterial Pili. Bacterial Pilus. Common Fimbria. ... Fimbria, Bacterial. Fimbria, Common. Fimbriae, Common. Pili, Bacterial. Pili, Common. Pilus, Bacterial. Pilus, Common. ... BACTERIAL was see PILI, BACTERIAL 1980-94. History Note:. 95; was PILI, BACTERIAL 1980-94; FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL was see PILI, ...

https://decs.bvsalud.org/en/ths/resource/?id=31968&filter=ths_exact_term&q=COMMON+PILI

Type 1 pilus-mediated bacterial invasion of bladder epithelial cells. Juan J. Martinez, Matthew A. Mulvey, Joel D. Schilling, ... Dive into the research topics of Type 1 pilus-mediated bacterial invasion of bladder epithelial cells. Together they form a ...

https://profiles.wustl.edu/en/publications/type-1-pilus-mediated-bacterial-invasion-of-bladder-epithelial-ce/fingerprints/?sortBy=alphabetically

Epidemiology of Bacterial Single Biofilms. It is estimated that approximately 65% of all bacterial infections are associated ... Serratia marcescens used fimbriae to co-aggregate or attach with C. tropicalis-E. coli while E. coli was apposed with C. ... Depending on the situation, bacterial biofilms can be either beneficial or problematic [9]. Still, bacterial biofilms are ... of all bacterial infections being related to bacterial biofilms [13,14].. Due to the heterogeneity of microorganisms present in ...

https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/6/1/5

1 Fimbriae, Bacterial --genetics. *. < previous next > IMSEAR is the collaborative product of Health Literature, Library and ...

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/151203/simple-search?query=&sort_by=score&order=desc&rpp=10&filter_field_1=dateIssued&filter_type_1=equals&filter_value_1=2013&filter_field_2=subject&filter_type_2=equals&filter_value_2=prevalence&etal=0&subject_page=1

How do bacterial flagella respond to a chemical gradient of an attractant to move toward a higher concentration of the chemical ... What is the direction of water flow for a bacterial cell living in a hypotonic environment? How do cell walls help bacteria ... Which of the following terms refers to a bacterial cell having a single tuft of flagella at one end? ... Which bacterial structures are important for adherence to surfaces? (Select all that apply.) ...

https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Introduction_to_Microbiology/03%3A_The_Cell/3..E%3A_3.E%3A_The_Cell_

The transcriptomic profile of several adhesion genes was confirmed through qPCR by measuring expression of fimbriae-associated ... Interestingly, some individuals showed extreme homeostasis with virtually no changes in the active bacterial population after ... revealing that microbial communities are individual-specific and no bacterial species was detected as key player at any time ... Although the composition of oral biofilms is well established, the active portion of the bacterial community and the patterns ...

https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2164-15-311

Furthermore, AI-2-dependent autoaggregation enhances bacterial stress resistance and promotes biofilm formation. A small ... although it is known to regulate biofilm formation and virulence in other bacterial species. Here we show that chemotaxis ... Aggregative adherence fimbria II, a second fimbrial antigen mediating aggregative adherence in enteroaggregative Escherichia ... Bacterial strains and growth conditions. The strains and plasmids used in this study are listed in Supplementary Table 1. All ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms12984?error=cookies_not_supported&code=152a927e-9162-42b6-8f70-289e5599f8dd

Colony Immunoblotting Assay for Detection of Bacterial Cell-surface or Extracellular Proteins. (helsinki.fi)
We demonstrate for the first time in this species the presence of one of these LHRs on a plasmid, designated pFAM21805, also encoding type 3 fimbriae and three bacteriocins and corresponding self-immunity proteins. (frontiersin.org)
Bacterial cell is surrounded by a prominent cell wall constituted by polysaccharides, lipids and proteins. (org.in)
At the end of each fimbria are special proteins called adhesins. (web.app)

Mat fimbriae promote biofilm formation by meningitis-associated Escherichia coli . (helsinki.fi)
The plasmid was highly transferable to other E. coli strains, including Shiga-toxin-producing strains, and conferred LHR-dependent heat resistance as well as type 3 fimbriae-dependent biofilm formation capabilities. (frontiersin.org)
The high-coverage approach allowed us to analyze over 398 million reads, revealing that microbial communities are individual-specific and no bacterial species was detected as key player at any time during biofilm formation. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, characterizing the composition of whole bacterial communities that actively engage in biofilm formation and sugar fermentation after the ingestion of food is vital for understanding community dynamics under health and disease conditions [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Autoinducer 2 (AI-2) is the only known quorum-sensing molecule produced by Escherichia coli but its physiological role remains elusive, although it is known to regulate biofilm formation and virulence in other bacterial species. (nature.com)
Furthermore, AI-2-dependent autoaggregation enhances bacterial stress resistance and promotes biofilm formation. (nature.com)
This review aims to provide a summary of role of bacterial biofilm and its clinical implications for the patients. (scholars.direct)

These treatments are generally sufficient to reduce the vegetative bacterial load to safe levels, unless the contaminating bacteria are especially heat-resistant. (frontiersin.org)
They are of medical importance because some fimbriae mediate the attachment of bacteria to cells via adhesins (ADHESINS, BACTERIAL). (bvsalud.org)
Linear bacterial plasmids have been identified in several species of spirochete bacteria, including members of the genus Borrelia notably Borrelia burgdorferi , which causes Lyme disease. (wikimili.com)
a) Bacteria containing fimbriae are called fimbriate bacteria. (web.app)
Fimbriae may be found in both motile and nonmotile bacteria. (web.app)
Chapter - Cell the Unit of Life However, bacteria with a fimF mutation produce fewer fimbriae, and those lacking fimG produce longer fimbrial appendages. (web.app)
Similar to other Gram-negative bacteria, ETEC As adhesion fimbriae are a major virulence factor for many pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria, they are also potential targets for antibodies. (web.app)
Bland hela uppsättningen av adhesiner och vidhäftande fimbriae identifierats i Gram-bakterier, valde vi att utforma ett system som gör curli How infections cause diseases that are not normally classified as infectious diseases has been of interest for a long time, for example how bacteria-platelet Cell Wall 20150208. (web.app)
The specific type of adhesin varies by type of bacteria, but regardless of Fimbriae are a major bacterial virulence factor (something that helps a bacterium cause disease). (web.app)
Competitive mixed cultures were grown from inocula of a large number of bacteria of a genotypically nonfimbriate (fim −) strain of Salmonella typhimurium and a small number of a genotypically fimbriate (fim +) variant strain that formed type 1 fimbriae and had been derived from the fim − strain by phage transduction. (web.app)
Like flagella, they are In the Gram-negative bacteria Give example of bacteria that have fimbriae? (web.app)
How Do Fimbriae Help Bacteria? (web.app)
The fimbriae or fimbria (Singular) are bristle-like short fibers occurring on the surface of several gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. (web.app)
Fimbriae, Bacterial Research Article Altered Regulation of the Diguanylate Cyclase YaiC Reduces Production of Type 1 Fimbriae in a Pst Mutant of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli CFT073 (a) Bacteria containing fimbriae are called fimbriate bacteria. (web.app)
The EU-registered strain Enterococcus faecium (DSM 10663/ NCIMB 10415) 4b1707 acts to reduce pathogenic bacteria within the gastrointestinal tract and the faeces thereby limiting bacterial colonisation of the perineum. (protexinvet.com)
Acinetobacter baumannii strains with multiple antimicrobial resistance are primarily known as opportunistic nosocomial bacteria but they may also be regarded as emerging bacterial contaminants of food samples of animal origin. (biomedcentral.com)

Other adhesive factors include its pili and fimbriae.Its production of urease and hemolysins are additional pathogenic properties. (medscape.com)
What are pilin and the role of pili and fimbriae. (collewriters.com)
Answer: Pili and Fimbriae are the two extensions in bacterial cells that do not help in motility. (selfonlinestudy.com)

Bacterial biofilms serve to assist struvite growth. (medscape.com)
Professor Schembri has deep expertise in microbiology, with particular capability in the study of antibiotic resistant Gram-negative bacterial pathogens and high-throughput modelling of drug-resistant biofilms, as well as the application of forefront technologies to examine virulence, genomic epidemiology, host-pathogen interactions and novel strategies for the treatment/prevention of infectious diseases. (edu.au)
The phenomenon of antibiotic resistance is often associated with the development of biofilms in bacterial pathogens such as E. coli and S. enterica [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Although the composition of oral biofilms is well established, the active portion of the bacterial community and the patterns of gene expression in vivo have not been studied. (biomedcentral.com)
Biofilms are at the heart (and lung) of bacterial pneumonia, and are the death of cystic fibrosis kids and burn patients. (thescienceofnutrition.me)
Usnic acid , a lichen metabolite, possesses inhibitory activity against bacterial and fungal biofilms via QS interference. (thescienceofnutrition.me)
Biofilms are often considered hot spot for horizontal gene transfer among same or different bacterial species. (scholars.direct)

Phylogenetic Group -Associated Differences in Regulation of the Common Colonization Factor Mat Fimbria in Escherichia coli . (helsinki.fi)
The response regulator RcsB activates expression of Mat fimbriae in meningitic Escherichia coli . (helsinki.fi)
The fimbriae activator MatA switches off motility in Escherichia coli by repression of the flagellar master operon flhDC . (helsinki.fi)
Chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP) is most often caused by Escherichia coli or other gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae, and typically affects men 36 to 50 years of age. (medscape.com)
Flagella are long, helical filaments made of a single type of… The importance of p and type 1 fimbriae for the persistence of escherichia coli in the human gut volume 108 issue 3 k. tullus, i. kühn, i. (web.app)
Fimbriae are av B Wullt · 2001 · Citerat av 93 - Bacterial adhesion to the bladder mucosa is a critical step for the establishment of Escherichia coli bacteriuria. (web.app)

Name the filament that helps in the motility of bacterial cell? (selfonlinestudy.com)
Answer: Flagella helps in the motility of bacterial cell. (selfonlinestudy.com)

Is bacterial adhesion regulated by cell surface structures and can fimbriae act as sensors for surface properties? (gu.se)
The transcriptomic profile of several adhesion genes was confirmed through qPCR by measuring expression of fimbriae-associated genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Five species exerted significant anti-adhesive effects with inhibition of bacterial adhesion to the host cells. (thieme-connect.com)
Extracts from the rhizomes of Agropyron repens L. and from the stigmata from Zea mays L. reduced bacterial adhesion with IC25 630 μg/mL resp. (thieme-connect.com)
Adhesion and viscoelasticity Chapter - Cell the Unit of Life Fimbriae and Pili are interchangeable terms used to designate short, hair-like structures on the surfaces of procaryotic cells. (web.app)

Tannerella forsythia and Porphyromonas gingivalis are anaerobic , Gram-negative bacterial species which have been implicated in periodontal diseases as a part of red complex of periodontal pathogens. (biomedcentral.com)
Several bacterial species produce membrane vesicles (MVs) in response to antibiotic stress. (mdc-berlin.de)
Prophage induction by ciprofloxacin has been linked to pathogenesis and horizontal gene transfer in several bacterial species. (mdc-berlin.de)
Bacterial strains isolated from meat are both pathogenic and commensal such as Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus species, Listeria monocytogenes , Bacillus spp. (biomedcentral.com)

Garlic inhibits the expression of several genes that control bacterial QS. (thescienceofnutrition.me)

The occurrence and severity of this illness are largely mediated by bacterial virulence factors and host defense mechanism. (pnjb-online.org)
Pertussis: Although no immunologic correlates of protection have yet been identified for pertussis, IgG antibody levels against four virulence factors (pertussis toxin (PT), fimbriae (FIM), filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), and pertactin (PRN)) are used to assess immunogenicity following vaccination and disease (Mattoo, et al. (cdc.gov)

Created from purified yeast cell walls, Mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS), binds to receptors on bacterial fimbriae which prevents attachment to epithelial cells. (protexinvet.com)

Provide the role of teichoic acid in bacterial cells. (collewriters.com)

Describe the appendages of bacterial cells. (collewriters.com)
Fimbriae are short appendages that help them attach to an appropriate surface. (slideserve.com)

Atypical promote bacterial adherence to mammalian cells and are strains of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) were the most frequently identified pathogens of all bacterial, viral, and required for virulence (4) and a transcriptional activator, parasitic agents in patients with gastroenteritis. (cdc.gov)

Fimbriae are numerous, hair-like structures that are used for attachment to host cells and other surfaces. (khanacademy.org)
Remarkably, OIMV were found to be decorated with filamentous structures identified as fimbriae. (mdc-berlin.de)

to cause a disease largely relies on a repertoire of elaborate virulence determinants including toxins fimbriae, flagella and virulence-plasmids ( Van Asten and Van Dijk 2005 ). (nexusacademicpublishers.com)
Fimbriae are shorter and stiffer than flagella, and slightly smaller in diameter. (web.app)
Of note, are the organisms' peritrichous flagella, i.e., flagella protruding in all directions from the cell wall, and the numerous fimbriae, imparting a furry look to its exterior. (cdc.gov)

It helps in attachment of bacterial cells on the surface of host cell and on some inanimate objects. (web.app)

Inactivation of pilY1 led to the loss of twitching motility in twitching-proficient wild-type PA14 and PAO1 strains, predisposed to autolysis and impaired the secretion of quinolones and pyocyanin, but on the other hand promoted growth in stationary phase and bacterial survival in murine airway infection models. (ku.dk)

Pili are straight filaments arising from the bacterial cell wall, making the bacterium look like a porcupine. (web.app)

Inhibition of P-fimbriae, curli fibers, and alpha-hemolysin production after exposure of UPECs to both AA and UA were observed. (tubitak.gov.tr)

This laboratory assay was performed in the Microbial Pathogenesis and Immune Response Laboratory, Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA for analysis. (cdc.gov)

Know what plasmids are and how they are different from the bacterial chromosome. (bestnursingpapers.com)

P. aeruginosa PilY1 is not an adhesin on the pilus tip, but assists in pilus biogenesis, twitching motility, secretion of secondary metabolites and in the control of cell density in the bacterial population. (ku.dk)

That's right - you are home to around 100 trillion bacterial cells! (khanacademy.org)
Our researchers combine genetic and molecular tools, such as genetic engineering and screening, with computational approaches to understand yeast, bacterial, worm, mouse and human cells. (gu.se)
Vaccines of this type, prepared from suspensions of inactivated Bordetella pertussis bacterial cells, have been licensed for routine vaccination of infants since the mid-1940s. (cdc.gov)
Although bacterial autoaggregation is normally thought of as a passive process, during the mid- to late exponential phase of growth when aggregation becomes apparent E. coli cells are highly motile and chemotactic, that is, able to follow gradients of nutrients and other environmental stimuli 14 . (nature.com)
A 100 ul sample containing 1000 bacterial cells/ul in log phase growth is added to 9.9 ml of fresh culture medium broth. (easynotecards.com)
How motility is accomplished in bacterial cells. (collewriters.com)
Describe the process of oxidative phosphorylation and ETC in bacterial cells. (collewriters.com)
Some bacterial cells are completely enveloped by a slimy layer, which is relatively thick to form the capsule. (org.in)
In addition to the DNA in some bacterial cells an additional circular DNA is present in the cytoplasm. (org.in)
Name two surface extensions in bacterial cells that do not help in motility? (selfonlinestudy.com)

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections in children which accounts for 5-14% of pediatric emergency visits. (pnjb-online.org)
According to the NIH, they factor into nearly 80% of all bacterial infections [Schachter, 2003] and are inherently resistant to antibiotics. (thescienceofnutrition.me)

However, the biogenesis and role of MVs in bacterial antibiotic resistance mechanisms have remained unclear. (mdc-berlin.de)

315 27 Attenuated Salmonella as a Live Vector for Expression of Foreign Antigens 331 i Expressing Bacterial Antigens / S. N. Chatfield, Gordon Dougan 331 ii Carrying Viral Antigens / Fiorian Schodel 343 iii Salmonella Expressing Protozoal Antigens / Myron M. Levine, James E. Galen, Marcelo B. Sztein [et al. (who.int)

Fimbriae have the adhesive properties which attach the organism to the natural substrate or to the other organism. (web.app)
The chaperone/usher (CU) pathway is a conserved bacterial secretion system that assembles adhesive fibres termed pili or fimbriae. (elsevier.com)

Together these data suggest that Salmonella serovar specificity in sheep correlates with bacterial persistence at systemic sites. (moam.info)

Acute pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidney parenchyma that can be organ- and/or life-threatening and that often leads to scarring of the kidney. (medscape.com)
Pyelonephritis is almost always the result of bacterial migration from the bladder to the renal parenchyma that is enhanced by vesicourethral reflux. (medscape.com)
In uncomplicated pyelonephritis, the bacterial invasion and renal damage are limited to the pyelocalyceal-medullary region. (medscape.com)

Increases in ammonia raise the pH and injure the uroepithelial glycosaminoglycan layer, enhancing bacterial adherence. (medscape.com)

Certain fimbriae called sex pili also help in bacterial gene transfer. (web.app)

The pattern of bacterial recovery from systemic sites following intravenous inoculation was similar. (moam.info)

Heat treatment is a widely used process to reduce bacterial loads in the food industry or to decontaminate surfaces, e.g., in hospital settings. (frontiersin.org)

After an episode of acute bacterial prostatitis, approximately 5% of patients may progress to CBP. (medscape.com)

RÉSUMÉ Les souches d'Escherichia coli diarrh￩og￨nes peuvent ￪tre consid￩r￩es comme les agents ￩tiologiques les plus importants ￠ l'origine de diarrh￩es en R￩publique islamique d'Iran, notamment chez l'enfant. (who.int)
2009. The SfaX(II) protein from newborn meningitis E. coli is involved in regulation of motility and type 1 fimbriae expression. (helsinki.fi)

The main diagnostic criterion for CBP is positive bacterial cultures of prostatic fluid. (medscape.com)

Combination of extracts with targets on the bacterial side and the host cell had significantly decreased IC50 values (131 μg/mL for combination of Z. mays with Orthosiphon spp. (thieme-connect.com)

Three inter-related areas, intestinal nutrient transport, intestinal drug transport and epithelial-bacterial pathogen interactions are the focus of research. (ncl.ac.uk)

Salmonella is now the most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis. (biomedcentral.com)

Bacterial is very small, simple unicellular organisms with a length varying from 2 to 5. (org.in)

Capsular polysaccharides and fimbriae are two major components on a bacterial surface, which are critical for mediating cell-surface interactions. (web.app)

Anatomy12

Organisms19

Diseases9

Chemicals and Drugs21

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment10

Phenomena and Processes19

Information Science3

Role of Bordetella pertussis virulence factors in adherence to epithelial cell lines derived from the human respiratory tract. (1/2491)

Genetic characterization of a new type IV-A pilus gene cluster found in both classical and El Tor biotypes of Vibrio cholerae. (2/2491)

Molecular basis for the enterocyte tropism exhibited by Salmonella typhimurium type 1 fimbriae. (3/2491)

P fimbriae and other adhesins enhance intestinal persistence of Escherichia coli in early infancy. (4/2491)

Environmental signals modulate ToxT-dependent virulence factor expression in Vibrio cholerae. (5/2491)

Roles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa las and rhl quorum-sensing systems in control of twitching motility. (6/2491)

The level of expression of the minor pilin subunit, CooD, determines the number of CS1 pili assembled on the cell surface of Escherichia coli. (7/2491)

Organization of biogenesis genes for aggregative adherence fimbria II defines a virulence gene cluster in enteroaggregative Escherichia coli. (8/2491)

Fimbriae, Bacterial

Fimbriae Proteins

Bacterial Adhesion

Adhesins, Escherichia coli

Hemagglutination

Escherichia coli

Porphyromonas gingivalis

Actinomyces

Escherichia coli Infections

Hemagglutinins

Adhesins, Bacterial

Antigens, Bacterial

Bacterial Proteins

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

Adhesiveness

Urinary Tract Infections

Mannose

Escherichia coli Proteins

Genes, Bacterial

Salmonella enteritidis

Hemagglutination Tests

Pili, Sex

Proline-Rich Protein Domains

Actinomyces viscosus

Virulence

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

Microscopy, Electron

P Blood-Group System

Molecular Sequence Data

Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial

Pyelonephritis

Biofilms

Methylmannosides

Amino Acid Sequence

Bordetella pertussis

Salivary Proline-Rich Proteins

Antibodies, Bacterial

Urinary Tract

Streptococcus oralis

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Bacteroides

Agglutination

Virulence Factors

Salivary Proteins and Peptides

Operon

Salmonella typhimurium

Proteus Infections

DNA, Bacterial

Microscopy, Immunoelectron

Mannosides

Plasmids

Diarrhea

Cross Reactions

Multigene Family

Bacteroidaceae Infections

Uromodulin

Septum Pellucidum

Flagella

Agglutination Tests

Base Sequence

Hydroxyapatites

Serotyping

Dental Pellicle

Mutation

Epithelium

Negative Staining

Swine

Cloning, Molecular

Moraxella

Serratia marcescens

Escherichia coli Vaccines

Antigens, Surface

Cystitis

Swine Diseases

Mutagenesis, Insertional

Molecular Weight

Gene Deletion

Fornix, Brain

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Artiodactyla