Sapovirus: A genus of the family CALICIVIRIDAE associated with worldwide sporadic outbreaks of GASTROENTERITIS in humans. The first recorded outbreak was in human infants in Sapporo, Japan in 1977. The genus is comprised of a single species, Sapporo virus, containing multiple strains.Caliciviridae Infections: Virus diseases caused by CALICIVIRIDAE. They include HEPATITIS E; VESICULAR EXANTHEMA OF SWINE; acute respiratory infections in felines, rabbit hemorrhagic disease, and some cases of gastroenteritis in humans.Gastroenteritis: INFLAMMATION of any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. Causes of gastroenteritis are many including genetic, infection, HYPERSENSITIVITY, drug effects, and CANCER.Norovirus: A genus in the family CALICIVIRIDAE, associated with epidemic GASTROENTERITIS in humans. The type species, NORWALK VIRUS, contains multiple strains.Caliciviridae: A family of RNA viruses infecting a broad range of animals. Most individual species are restricted to their natural hosts. They possess a characteristic six-pointed starlike shape whose surfaces have cup-shaped (chalice) indentions. Transmission is by contaminated food, water, fomites, and occasionally aerosolization of secretions. Genera include LAGOVIRUS; NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES; SAPPORO-LIKE VIRUSES; and VESIVIRUS.Orphanages: Institutions for the housing and care of orphans, foundlings, and abandoned children. They have existed as such since the medieval period but the heading is applicable to such usage also in modern parlance.Encyclopedias as Topic: Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)Disease Outbreaks: Sudden increase in the incidence of a disease. The concept includes EPIDEMICS and PANDEMICS.Rotavirus: A genus of REOVIRIDAE, causing acute gastroenteritis in BIRDS and MAMMALS, including humans. Transmission is horizontal and by environmental contamination. Seven species (Rotaviruses A thru G) are recognized.JapanAntidiarrheals: Miscellaneous agents found useful in the symptomatic treatment of diarrhea. They have no effect on the agent(s) that cause diarrhea, but merely alleviate the condition.Fluid Therapy: Therapy whose basic objective is to restore the volume and composition of the body fluids to normal with respect to WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE. Fluids may be administered intravenously, orally, by intermittent gavage, or by HYPODERMOCLYSIS.Dehydration: The condition that results from excessive loss of water from a living organism.Rehydration Solutions: Fluids restored to the body in order to maintain normal water-electrolyte balance.Rotavirus Infections: Infection with any of the rotaviruses. Specific infections include human infantile diarrhea, neonatal calf diarrhea, and epidemic diarrhea of infant mice.Feces: Excrement from the INTESTINES, containing unabsorbed solids, waste products, secretions, and BACTERIA of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.ArchivesHemorrhagic Disease Virus, Rabbit: A species in the genus LAGOVIRUS which causes hemorrhagic disease, including hemorrhagic septicemia, in rabbits.Calicivirus, Feline: A species of the genus VESIVIRUS infecting cats. Transmission occurs via air and mechanical contact.Organic Chemistry Processes: The reactions, changes in structure and composition, the properties of the reactions of carbon compounds, and the associated energy changes.Norwalk virus: The type species in the genus NOROVIRUS, first isolated in 1968 from the stools of school children in Norwalk, Ohio, who were suffering from GASTROENTERITIS. The virions are non-enveloped spherical particles containing a single protein. Multiple strains are named after the places where outbreaks have occurred.Vesivirus: A genus of the family CALICIVIRIDAE comprised of species infecting a wide range of organisms. Most members of this genus can be readily propagated in cell culture (as opposed to other genera of Caliciviridae). The type species is VESICULAR EXANTHEMA OF SWINE VIRUS.Laboratories: Facilities equipped to carry out investigative procedures.Gastrointestinal Diseases: Diseases in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM.Clinical Laboratory Techniques: Techniques used to carry out clinical investigative procedures in the diagnosis and therapy of disease.History, Ancient: The period of history before 500 of the common era.Water: A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Archaeology: The scientific study of past societies through artifacts, fossils, etc.Rivers: Large natural streams of FRESH WATER formed by converging tributaries and which empty into a body of water (lake or ocean).Groundwater: Liquid water present beneath the surface of the earth.IndiaBiological Science Disciplines: All of the divisions of the natural sciences dealing with the various aspects of the phenomena of life and vital processes. The concept includes anatomy and physiology, biochemistry and biophysics, and the biology of animals, plants, and microorganisms. It should be differentiated from BIOLOGY, one of its subdivisions, concerned specifically with the origin and life processes of living organisms.Periodicals as Topic: A publication issued at stated, more or less regular, intervals.PubMed: A bibliographic database that includes MEDLINE as its primary subset. It is produced by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), part of the NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE. PubMed, which is searchable through NLM's Web site, also includes access to additional citations to selected life sciences journals not in MEDLINE, and links to other resources such as the full-text of articles at participating publishers' Web sites, NCBI's molecular biology databases, and PubMed Central.Directories as Topic: Lists of persons or organizations, systematically arranged, usually in alphabetic or classed order, giving address, affiliations, etc., for individuals, and giving address, officers, functions, and similar data for organizations. (ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)Publishing: "The business or profession of the commercial production and issuance of literature" (Webster's 3d). It includes the publisher, publication processes, editing and editors. Production may be by conventional printing methods or by electronic publishing.Serial Publications: Publications in any medium issued in successive parts bearing numerical or chronological designations and intended to be continued indefinitely. (ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983, p203)Fresh Water: Water containing no significant amounts of salts, such as water from RIVERS and LAKES.Kobuvirus: A genus in the family PICORNAVIRIDAE whose type species Aichi virus, causes gastroenteritis in humans.South Africa: A republic in southern Africa, the southernmost part of Africa. It has three capitals: Pretoria (administrative), Cape Town (legislative), and Bloemfontein (judicial). Officially the Republic of South Africa since 1960, it was called the Union of South Africa 1910-1960.Water Pollutants, Chemical: Chemical compounds which pollute the water of rivers, streams, lakes, the sea, reservoirs, or other bodies of water.Veterinary Medicine: The medical science concerned with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases in animals.RNA Replicase: An enzyme that catalyses RNA-template-directed extension of the 3'- end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time, and can initiate a chain de novo. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p293)RNA, Viral: Ribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.Nucleocapsid Proteins: Viral proteins found in either the NUCLEOCAPSID or the viral core (VIRAL CORE PROTEINS).Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.Base Sequence: The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.Poly A: A group of adenine ribonucleotides in which the phosphate residues of each adenine ribonucleotide act as bridges in forming diester linkages between the ribose moieties.BrazilStomach: An organ of digestion situated in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen between the termination of the ESOPHAGUS and the beginning of the DUODENUM.Hand Disinfection: The act of cleansing the hands with water or other liquid, with or without the inclusion of soap or other detergent, for the purpose of destroying infectious microorganisms.Hygiene: The science dealing with the establishment and maintenance of health in the individual and the group. It includes the conditions and practices conducive to health. (Webster, 3d ed)Soaps: Sodium or potassium salts of long chain fatty acids. These detergent substances are obtained by boiling natural oils or fats with caustic alkali. Sodium soaps are harder and are used as topical anti-infectives and vehicles in pills and liniments; potassium soaps are soft, used as vehicles for ointments and also as topical antimicrobials.Stomach Neoplasms: Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.
CaliciviridaeSapovirus. Humans; swine. Intestinal epithelium. Cell receptor endocytosis. Lysis. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm. Oral-fecal ... Sapovirus, Norovirus, and Vesivirus have been detected in pigs, making this animal species of particular interest in the study ... Transmission routes are fecal-oral.[3]. Genus. Host details. Tissue tropism. Entry details. Release details. Replication site. ... Sapovirus. Icosahedral. T=3. Non-enveloped. Linear. Monopartite Norovirus. Icosahedral. T=1, T=3. Non-enveloped. Linear. ...
Sapovirus, Norovirus and Vesivirus have been detected in pigs, making this animal species of particular interest in the study ... Transmission routes are fecal-oral. Calicivirus infections commonly cause acute gastroenteritis, which is the inflammation of ... Norwalk virus Genus Sapovirus; type species: Sapporo virus Genus Vesivirus; type species: Vesicular exanthema of swine virus ... Sapovirus Sapporo virus Genus: Vesivirus Feline calicivirus Vesicular exanthema of swine virus Two additional genera have been ...
... is spread via the fecal/oral route. Infected individuals expel more than 10 9 {\displaystyle 10^{9}} particles/gram ... The virus is transmitted through oral/fecal contact. Sapovirus most commonly occurs in children and infants and therefore is ... This can be used to "partially characterize the Sapovirus and investigate the similarity of the detected Sapovirus." " ... Norovirus is most commonly associated with sapovirus. Norovirus and sapovirus genomes are very closely related, the distinction ...
Most of the bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi that contaminate well water comes from fecal material from humans and other ... Common viral contaminants include norovirus, sapovirus, rotavirus, enteroviruses, and hepatitis A and E. Parasites include ...
Transmission routes are fecal-oral. Astroviruses have a genome composed of a single strand of positive sense RNA. The strand ... Yoneda, Masaki (2017). "Epidemiological Characteristics of Sapovirus and Human Astrovirus Detected among Children in Nara ... 2011). "The Fecal Viral Flora of Wild Rodents". PLoS Pathog. 7 (9): e1002218. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002218. PMC 3164639 . ... Presence of viral particles in fecal matter and in epithelial intestinal cells indicate that the virus replicates in the ...
Common viral contaminants include norovirus, sapovirus, rotavirus, enteroviruses, and hepatitis A and E. Parasites include ... Most of the bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi that contaminate well water comes from fecal material from humans and other ... Waterborne diseases can be spread via a well which is contaminated with fecal pathogens from pit latrines ...
Sapovirus Outbreaks in Long-Term Care Facilities, Oregon and Minnesota, USA, 2002-2009 - Volume 18, Number 5-May 2012 -...21 outbreaks were caused by sapovirus. Of these, 71% were caused by sapovirus genogroup IV and 66% occurred in long-term care ... We tested fecal samples from 93 norovirus-negative gastroenteritis outbreaks; ... Defining a sapovirus outbreak in this study as ,1 sapovirus-positive fecal sample, 21 (23%) of the 93 norovirus-negative ... Four (19%) of 21 sapovirus outbreaks were caused by sapovirus GI, 1 (5%) by sapovirus GII, 15 (71%) by sapovirus GIV, and 1 (5 ...
Sapovirus is spread via the fecal/oral route. Infected individuals expel more than 10 9 {\displaystyle 10^{9}} particles/gram ... The virus is transmitted through oral/fecal contact. Sapovirus most commonly occurs in children and infants and therefore is ... This can be used to "partially characterize the Sapovirus and investigate the similarity of the detected Sapovirus." " ... Norovirus is most commonly associated with sapovirus. Norovirus and sapovirus genomes are very closely related, the distinction ...
Welcome to CDC stacksWe tested fecal samples from 93 norovirus-negative gastroenteritis outbreaks; 21 outbreaks were caused by sapovirus. Of these, ... Sapovirus Outbreaks in Long-Term Care Facilities, Oregon and Minnesota, USA, 2002-2009 ... 71% were caused by sapovirus genogroup IV and 66% occurred in long-term care facilities. Future investigation of gastroente... ...
Frontiers | Molecular Survey of Viral and Bacterial Causes of Childhood Diarrhea in Khartoum State, Sudan | MicrobiologyA total of 437 fecal samples were collected from hospitalized children less than five years old with acute diarrhea, viral and ... Sudan.A total of 437 fecal samples were collected from hospitalized children less than five years old with acute diarrhea, ... Sapovirus and astrovirus in fecal samples using reverse transcription single-round multiplex PCR. J. Virol. Methods 114, 37-44 ... A total of 437 fecal samples comprising of 276 boys and 161 girls, whom mostly live in rural area, were collected in a clean, ...
Existence of multiple outbreaks of viral gastroenteritis among infants in a day care center in Japan | SpringerLinkA total of 921 fecal specimens collected from 44 infants in a day care center (DCC) in Tokyo, Japan during June 1999 to July ... 2000 were tested for the presence of rotavirus, norovirus, sapovirus, astro ... Phan, TG, Okame, M, Tuan, AN, Nishio, O, Okitsu, S, Ushijima, H 2005Genetic diversity of sapovirus in fecal specimens from ... Yan, H, Yagyu, F, Okitsu, S, Nishio, O, Ushijima, H 2003Detection of norovirus (GI, GII), sapovirus and astrovirus in fecal ...
Intoxications and Infections of the Small IntestineBacterial gastroenteritis is a noninflammatory diarrhea; fecal specimens do NOT contain significant numbers of fecal leukocytes ... Sapovirus is a naked positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus with an icosahedral symmetry (Sapporo virus). The Astroviruses ... Transmitted by fecal-oral route person-to-person, contact with contaminated surfaces or fomites and ingestion of contaminated ... The most common mode of transmission of rotavirus is via the fecal-oral route. The virus is stable in the environment, and ...
A confirmation of sapovirus re-infection gastroenteritis cases with different genogroups and genetic shifts in the evolving..."A confirmation of sapovirus re-infection gastroenteritis cases with different genogroups and genetic shifts in the evolving ... sapovirus genotypes, 2002-2011, Archives of Virology" on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research ... Quantitative analysis of fecal sapovirus shedding: identification of nucleotide substitutions in the capsid protein during ... Cross-reactivity among sapovirus recombinant capsid proteins. Hansman, GS; Natori, K; Oka, T; Ogawa, S; Tanaka, K; Nagata, N; ...
Detection of norovirus (GI, GII), Sapovirus and astrovirus in fecal samples using reverse transcription single-round multiplex ... A nosocomial sapovirus-associated outbreak of gastroenteritis in adults. Johansson, PJ; Bergentoft, K; Larsson, PA; Magnusson, ... Genetic diversity of sapovirus in non-hospitalized adults with sporadic cases of acute gastroenteritis in Shanghai, China ... Development of RT- multiplex PCR assay for detection of adenovirus and group A and C rotaviruses in diarrheal fecal specimens ...
Sapovirus, Norovirus and Vesivirus have been detected in pigs, making this animal species of particular interest in the study ... Transmission routes are fecal-oral. Calicivirus infections commonly cause acute gastroenteritis, which is the inflammation of ... Norwalk virus Genus Sapovirus; type species: Sapporo virus Genus Vesivirus; type species: Vesicular exanthema of swine virus ... Sapovirus Sapporo virus Genus: Vesivirus Feline calicivirus Vesicular exanthema of swine virus Two additional genera have been ...
The Fecal Viral Flora of Wild Rodents | proLékaře.czYamashitaYOotsukaYKondoROsetoMDoiM 2010 Molecular characterization of Sapovirus detected in a gastroenteritis outbreak at a ... The Fecal Viral Flora of Wild Rodents * HTLV-1 Propels Thymic Human T Cell Development in "Human Immune System" Rag2 gamma c ... The Fecal Viral Flora of Wild Rodents * The General Transcriptional Repressor Tup1 Is Required for Dimorphism and Virulence in ... Two fecal specimens had large number of PBV-like reads that assembled into nearly full-length RdRp for two strains, M-58 (house ...
Sapovirus. Humans; swine. Intestinal epithelium. Cell receptor endocytosis. Lysis. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm. Oral-fecal ... Sapovirus, Norovirus, and Vesivirus have been detected in pigs, making this animal species of particular interest in the study ... Transmission routes are fecal-oral.[3]. Genus. Host details. Tissue tropism. Entry details. Release details. Replication site. ... Sapovirus. Icosahedral. T=3. Non-enveloped. Linear. Monopartite Norovirus. Icosahedral. T=1, T=3. Non-enveloped. Linear. ...
Department of Health | Norovirus Laboratory Case Definition (LCD)Table 1 List of primers for the detection of norovirus and sapovirus. Primer. Functiona. Sequence (5΄ to 3΄). Size (bp). ... Transmission is predominantly faecal-oral but may be airborne due to aerosolisation of vomitus, which typically contains ... A second genus, Sapovirus, also causes gastroenteritis in humans. Man is the only known host for these two genera. Noroviruses ... Norovirus and Sapovirus, p.191-198. In McIver, C. J. (ed.). 2005. A compendium of laboratory diagnostic methods for common and ...
Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Aichi Virus Strains in Stool Samples from Community and Hospitalized Patients | Journal of...In our study, in two fecal samples from hospitalized children, Aichi virus was the only microbiological agent detected among ... Group A rotaviruses, human caliciviruses including Norovirus and Sapovirus, adenoviruses, and astroviruses have been recognized ... Isolation and molecular characterization of Aichi viruses from fecal specimens collected in Japan, Bangladesh, Thailand, and ... another study reported the presence of the virus in 28 of 912 fecal specimens from adults and children with diarrhea in Japan, ...
A novel RT-multiplex PCR for enteroviruses, hepatitis A and E viruses and influenza A virus among infants and children with...A total of 276 fecal specimens (previously screened for rotavirus, adenovirus, norovirus, sapovirus and astrovirus-negative) ...
Detection of Genogroup I and II human picobirnaviruses showing small genomic RNA profile causing acute watery diarrhoea among...No co-infection with norovirus, sapovirus or adenovirus was detected in the picobirnavirus positive cases. No co-infection with ... were detected from 1999 to 2003 in faecal specimens of acute watery diarrhoea cases, largely children (n=20) and an adult in ...
Most of the bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi that contaminate well water comes from fecal material from humans and other ... Common viral contaminants include norovirus, sapovirus, rotavirus, enteroviruses, and hepatitis A and E. Parasites include ...
... isolated from the enteric tracts or fecal specimens of infected animals, within the genera Norovirus and Sapovirus, ... genus Sapovirus) (42) and SMSV serotype 4 (SMSV4; genus Vesivirus) (40), were chosen to allow us to examine possible structural ... Sapovirus, Lagovirus, and Vesivirus (16). In this classification, which is based on genome organization and sequence ... Sapovirus, and Vesivirus, respectively. A comparative analysis of these structures was performed with that of the recombinant ...
Yan H, Yagyu F, Okitsu S, Nishio O, Ushijima H. Detection of norovirus (GI, GII), sapovirus and astrovirus in fecal samples ... Fecal samples in the GEMS study were delivered to the laboratory in cold containers (see Kotloff et al in this supplement). ... I. Fecal specimens. J Bacteriol. 1964;88:96-8. [PMC free article] [PubMed] ... Conventional Fecal Microbiology. The GEMS protocol included conventional bacterial culture, primarily so that pure growth of ...
CaliciviridaeThe Cowden strain of porcine enteric calicivirus (PEC), a sapovirus, was discovered in a diarrheic pig fecal sample in the US ... The virus family Caliciviridae contains four genera Norovirus, Sapovirus, Lagovirus and Vesivirus. Norovirus and sapovirus ... Viruses in three of the four established genera of the family Caliciviridae have been detected in pigs (Sapovirus, Norovirus ... Sapovirus, Lagovirus and Vesivirus. They are ubiquitous in the environment and are a major cause of disease in humans and many ...
The Cowden strain of porcine enteric calicivirus (PEC), a sapovirus, was discovered in a diarrheic pig fecal sample in the US ... The virus family Caliciviridae contains four genera Norovirus, Sapovirus, Lagovirus and Vesivirus. Norovirus and sapovirus ... Viruses in three of the four established genera of the family Caliciviridae have been detected in pigs (Sapovirus, Norovirus ... Caliciviruses are positive-sense, single stranded RNA viruses containing four recognized genera: Norovirus, Sapovirus, ...
Detection of norovirus (GI, GII), sapovirus and astrovirus in fecal samples using reverse transcription single-round multiplex ... I. Fecal specimens. J Bacteriol. 1964. 88. 96. 8. 14197911. 2. Wells. JG. Morris. GK. Evaluation of transport methods for ... in fecal specimens. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2002. 43. 283. 8. 12151188. 15. Gaafar. MR. Evaluation of enzyme immunoassay ... Fecal samples in the GEMS study were delivered to the laboratory in cold containers (see Kotloff et al in this supplement). ...
... fecal indicators, Dientamoeba fragilis, FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA, TIME PCR ASSAYS, GASTROENTERITIS OUTBREAK, CRYPTOSPORIDIUM- ... Two Drinking Water Outbreaks Caused by Wastewater Intrusion Including Sapovirus in Finland. / Kauppinen, Ari; Pitkanen, Tarja; ... Two Drinking Water Outbreaks Caused by Wastewater Intrusion Including Sapovirus in Finland. International Journal of ... title = "Two Drinking Water Outbreaks Caused by Wastewater Intrusion Including Sapovirus in Finland", ...
21 outbreaks were caused by sapovirus. Of these, 71% were caused by sapovirus genogroup IV and 66% occurred in long-term care ... We tested fecal samples from 93 norovirus-negative gastroenteritis outbreaks; ... Microbiology of 21 sapovirus outbreaks, Oregon and Minnesota, USA, 2003-2009*. State. Outbreak no.. Fecal samples, no.. ... Sapovirus Outbreaks in Long-Term Care Facilities, Oregon and Minnesota, USA, 2002-2009 Lore E. Lee. , Elizabeth A. Cebelinski, ...
Summary of Excreted and Waterborne Viruses | Global Water Pathogen ProjectSapovirus. Fecal-oral: drinking water. Peak observed mainly in the cold season ... 3.8% in fecal gastroenteritis samples. Bozkurt et al., 2015; Lee et al., 2013; Rimoldi et al., 2011; Rockx et al., 2002; Torner ... 16.2 to 42.8% in fecal gastroenteritis samples. Atmar et al., 2008; Bozkurt et al., 2015; Kaplan et al., 1982; Lee et al., 2013 ... 22.1% coxsackievirus in fecal gastroenteritis samples. Bozkurt et al., 2015; Melnick and Rennick, 1980; Khetsuriani et al., ...
AstrovirusAdenovirusRotavirusNorovirus and sapovirusVirusesOutbreaksVesivirusGenogroupCalicivirusesStrainsCause gastroenteritis in humansGenusHumansGenomeInfected fecal matterPositive fecal samplesViralAsymptomaticInfectionPigletsNorovirusesRotavirusesPorcine sapovirusDiarrheaChildren with gastroenteritisDetection1977ContaminationSpecimenCharacterizationSapovirusesGenogroupsPrimersStoolRecombinantGenotypesIcosahedralContact with contaminatedElectronSingle-strandedDiarrhoeaPolymerase chain reLeukocytesInfections
- The Minnesota Public Health Laboratory tested feces from 93 (66%) of the 142 norovirus-negative outbreaks with RT-PCRs for astrovirus, adenovirus, rotavirus, norovirus, and sapovirus ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)
- A total of 921 fecal specimens collected from 44 infants in a day care center (DCC) in Tokyo, Japan during June 1999 to July 2000 were tested for the presence of rotavirus, norovirus, sapovirus, astrovirus and adenovirus by reverse-transcription-multiplex polymerase chain reaction (RT-multiplex PCR) and sequence analysis. (springer.com)
- Outbreak D with sapovirus GIV and Outbreak E with astrovirus serotype 1. (springer.com)
- Maneekarn, Niwat 2014-12-01 00:00:00 A total of 332 fecal specimens collected during January-December 2008 from adult patients with diarrhea were screened for group A and C rotaviruses, noroviruses GI and GII, sapovirus, Aichi virus, human parechovirus, enterovirus, adenovirus and astrovirus by RT-multiplex PCR. (deepdyve.com)
- A total of 276 fecal specimens (previously screened for rotavirus, adenovirus, norovirus, sapovirus and astrovirus-negative) from infants and children admitted into hospital with acute gastroenteritis in Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam during October 2002 and September 2003 were collected and further tested for the presence of those viruses by RT-multiplex PCR. (nih.gov)
- We developed a novel multiplex assay to detect norovirus (types 1 and 2), astrovirus, and sapovirus. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
- 14. Medici MC, Tummolo F, Albonetti V, Abelli LA, Chezzi C, Calderaro A. Molecular detection and epidemiology of astrovirus, bocavirus, and sapovirus in Italian children admitted to hospital with acute gastroenteritis, 2008-2009. (fiocruz.br)
- RESULTS: Among the 84 patients, 19 (22.6 percent) were positive for either calicivirus (14/19) or astrovirus (6/19), while one women was positive for both viruses in fecal samples collected on different occasions. (bvsalud.org)
- Con el objetivo de determinar la incidencia de calicivirus, rotavirus y astrovirus en brotes de gastroenteritis ocurridos en diversas regiones de la Argentina durante los años 2005 y 2006, se analizaron muestras de materia fecal provenientes de 7 brotes con resultado de coprocultivo negativo. (bvsalud.org)
- Adenovirus or norovirus were also identified in 4 (19%) of the 21 sapovirus outbreaks ( Table 1 ). (cdc.gov)
- No co-infection with norovirus, sapovirus or adenovirus was detected in the picobirnavirus positive cases. (nih.gov)
- METHODS: Fecal samples were collected from each woman once every two months over the period from July 2006 to June 2007, and they were screened for rotaviruses by means of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoenzymatic assays, for caliciviruses and astroviruses by means of RT-PCR and for adenovirus by means of immunoenzymatic assays. (bvsalud.org)
- 15. Bucardo F, Reyes Y, Svensson L, Nordgren J. Predominance of norovirus and sapovirus in Nicaragua after implementation of universal rotavirus vaccination. (fiocruz.br)
- Predominant fecal-oral route of transmission and low infective dose of rotavirus increases the risks of spreading of this infection in child care centers and children's hospitals. (scirp.org)
- Los rotavirus son un importante agente de diarrea en lechones, principalmente durante el amamantamiento y el pos destete con gravedad. (iec.gov.br)
- El objetivo de este estudio fue el de identificar los genotipos G y P de rotavirus obtenidos de lechones de cinco criaderos en Belém, Estado de Pará, Norte de Brasil. (iec.gov.br)
- Este estudio mostró la circulación de los rotavirus en rebaños porcinos en la región metropolitana de Belém, en la Región Norte. (iec.gov.br)
- Norovirus and sapovirus are separate genera of the family Caliciviridae . (cdc.gov)
- Group A rotaviruses, human caliciviruses including Norovirus and Sapovirus , adenoviruses, and astroviruses have been recognized as the main agents responsible for this disease. (asm.org)
- Norovirus and sapovirus cause gastroenteritis in humans, while lagoviruses and vesiviruses mostly infect animals and cause a variety of diseases. (caister.com)
- Norovirus and sapovirus epidemiology and strain characteristics among Navajo and Apache infants. (fiocruz.br)
- Sapovirus is a genetically diverse genus of single-stranded positive-sense RNA, non-enveloped viruses within the Caliciviridae family. (wikipedia.org)
- Of 88 fecal specimens from infants with acute gastroenteritis, 51.1% (45) were found to be positive for diarrheal viruses. (springer.com)
- Interestingly, 230 of 833 (27.6%) fecal specimens collected from asymptomatic infants were also infected with diarrheal viruses. (springer.com)
- The most important excreted known pathogens are transmitted by a variety of means including fecal-oral transmission routes and are members of six families, Picornaviridae , Caliciviridae , Hepeviridae , Reoviridae , Astroviridae (all RNA viruses) and the DNA virus family Adenoviridae . (waterpathogens.org)
- A study analyzing stool samples from two healthy infant siblings collected at about weekly intervals during their first year of life were analyzed by PCR for 15 different enteric viral genera showed that ninety-two percent (66/72) of the fecal samples tested contained one to five different human viruses. (waterpathogens.org)
- To determine whether the child was infected with this novel recombinant sapovirus or whether the novel recombinant sapovirus resulted from co-infection with 2 different viruses, Svppo (Sapporo/82-specific primer), Svdcc (8/DCC/Tokyo/JP/44-specific primer), and SLV5749 were used to amplify the capsid region ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
- Among 1,708 fecal samples subjected to RT-PCR using primers targeted to 5′UTR of HPeV, AiV and SalV, viruses were detected in 55 samples, with 50 positive for HPeV only, 3 positive for AiV only, 1 positive for both HPeV and AiV, and 1 positive for both HPeV and SalV. (biomedcentral.com)
- There are two small, round-structured viruses-Sapporo-like viruses and Norwalk-like virus, which have been renamed and classified into Sapovirus and Norovirus, respectively. (lindin168.com)
- Both sapovirus and norovirus are viruses belonging to the Caliciviridae family, with single-stranded positive-sense RNA. (lindin168.com)
- In viral gastroenteritis, viruses are mainly transmitted by the fecal-oral route, via contact with contaminated foods, water, hands, surfaces and objects. (lindin168.com)
- Viruses within the Sapovirus genus are well known agents of gastric enteritis in people and domestic pigs. (theinformant.cl)
- Sapovirus strains from people in the USA are known to have infected domestic dogs and Californian sea lions, suggesting these viruses have a considerable potential for cross-species transmission. (theinformant.cl)
- The family Caliciviridae comprises 11 genera (ICTV ratified in March 2019) of which viruses from the genus Norovirus and genus Sapovirus and a few rare strains in the genus Recovirus have been detected in fecal specimen from humans. (cdc.gov)
- Examples of these viruses include human norovirus, human sapovirus, porcine norovirus, and the newly discovered primate calicivirus (Tulane virus). (osu.edu)
- 2007). Other viruses, such as aichivirus, human parechovirus and human bocavirus have been described in faecal samples from patients with diarrhoea, but their association with AG has still not been established (Chhabra et al. (fiocruz.br)
- 21 outbreaks were caused by sapovirus. (cdc.gov)
- After sapovirus RT-PCR was developed ( 6 ), sapovirus outbreaks were discovered in LTCFs and other settings populated by adults ( 7 - 9 ). (cdc.gov)
- This report describes sapovirus outbreaks in Oregon and Minnesota, USA, during 2002-2009. (cdc.gov)
- 1 sapovirus-positive fecal sample, 21 (23%) of the 93 norovirus-negative outbreaks were found to be caused by sapovirus. (cdc.gov)
- 16. Iritani N, Yamamoto SP, Abe N, Kubo H, Oka T, Kaida A. Epidemics of GI.2 sapovirus in gastroenteritis outbreaks during 2012-2013 in Osaka City, Japan. (fiocruz.br)
- Enteric caliciviruses (norovirus - NoV and sapovirus - SaV), are responsible for most food-borne gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide. (jcvi.org)
- Detection and characterization of human and animal NoVs and SaVs from human and animal (domestic and wild ruminants or pigs) fecal specimens from gastroenteritis outbreaks or sporadic cases in Ethiopia adjacent or nearby monitoring sites for water viral contamination, from drinking water and water sources for irrigation, and from unprocessed leafy greens (lettuce) using the water irrigation sources. (jcvi.org)
- Sapovirus outbreaks often occur in daycare centers and kindergartens. (lindin168.com)
- The results from two decades of monitoring revealed several sapovirus outbreaks of infection in spotted hyenas and, counter-intuitively, that the risk of infection declined as group sizes increased. (theinformant.cl)
- Long-term monitoring of infection incidence among individually known animals in three spotted hyena groups revealed several outbreaks of sapovirus infection, and, counter-intuitively, that the risk of infection decreased as group sizes increased. (theinformant.cl)
- Transmitted mainly through the fecal-oral route, large-scale NoV outbreaks are often the result of a combination of several transmission routes. (asm.org)
- Sapovirus, Norovirus and Vesivirus have been detected in pigs, making this animal species of particular interest in the study of calicivirus pathogenesis and host range. (wikipedia.org)
- To investigate inter- and intragenus structural variations and to provide a better understanding of the structural basis of host specificity and strain diversity, we performed structural studies of the recombinant capsid of Grimsby virus, the recombinant capsid of Parkville virus, and San Miguel sea lion virus serotype 4 (SMSV4), which are representative of the genera Norovirus (genogroup 2), Sapovirus , and Vesivirus , respectively. (asm.org)
- Norovirus , Sapovirus , Lagovirus and Vesivirus . (caister.com)
- The virus family Caliciviridae contains four genera Norovirus , Sapovirus , Lagovirus and Vesivirus . (caister.com)
- The positive-sense polyadenylated single-stranded RNA virus family Caliciviridae contains four genera: Vesivirus, Sapovirus, Lagovirus, and Norovirus (NoV) 1 ) . (foodsafety.or.kr)
- Of these, 71% were caused by sapovirus genogroup IV and 66% occurred in long-term care facilities. (cdc.gov)
- HU/5862/Osaka/JP clustered into the genogroup I genotype 8 (GI/8 the 8/DCC/Tokyo/JP/44 cluster) ( Figure ) by using the recent sapovirus capsid region classification ( 7 ). (cdc.gov)
- Subsequent electron microscopic examination of stool samples followed by whole genome sequencing revealed a variant of sapovirus genogroup V. The virus was not detected using standard PCR screening. (eurosurveillance.org)
- Like other caliciviruses, the capsid of the sapovirus has round intends on its surface. (wikipedia.org)
- Four four of the five groups (GI, GII, GIV, GV) can infect humans and these four groups correspond to the four antigenically distinct strains of sapovirus: Sapporo, Houston, London, and Stockholm. (wikipedia.org)
- Another genus of the calicivirus family that can cause gastroenteritis in humans is Sapovirus, formerly described as "Sapporo-like virus" (SLV) and sometimes referred to as classic or typical calicivirus.Noroviruses are named after the original strain "Norwalk virus," which caused an outbreak of gastroenteritis in a school in Norwalk, Ohio, in 1968. (themedicalquestions.com)
- A second genus, Sapovirus, also causes gastroenteritis in humans. (health.gov.au)
- Katayama, Kazuhiko 2012-10-01 00:00:00 Sapovirus (SaV) is an important pathogen that causes acute gastroenteritis in humans. (deepdyve.com)
- Sapovirus is divided into 5 genogroups, among which only genogroups I, II, IV, and V are known to infect humans ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
- Sapovirus' genome is organized into two (possibly three) well known open reading frames (ORFs). (wikipedia.org)
- Picobirnaviruses (PBVs) with bisegmented small RNA genome profile (1.75 and 1.55kbp for segment 1 and 2, respectively) were detected from 1999 to 2003 in faecal specimens of acute watery diarrhoea cases, largely children (n=20) and an adult in Kolkata, India. (nih.gov)
- The sapovirus genome contains 2 open reading frames (ORFs). (cdc.gov)
- Complete genome sequence of a sapovirus from a child in Zhejiang, China. (fiocruz.br)
- Results of fecal swab analyses for PEDV genome, serum antibodies against PEDV, and immunohistochemistry were negative for all pigs, regardless of diet fed. (nationalhogfarmer.com)
- Other forms of transmission include the excessive handling of foods by an infected individual (this most commonly occurs in a restaurant setting), consumption of shell fish that lived in waters contaminated with infected fecal matter, and the ingestion of water that has been contaminated. (wikipedia.org)
- Porcine SaV positive fecal samples were collected from commercial pig farms in Shanghai as introduced in our previous study. (biomedcentral.com)
- The consistency of positive fecal samples were 53% (9/17) diarrheic, 23.5% (4/17) pasty and 23.5% (4/17) normal. (iec.gov.br)
- Monitoring of Calicivirus among day-care children: evidence of asymptomatic viral excretion and first report of GI.7 Norovirus and GI.3 Sapovirus in Brazil. (fiocruz.br)
- To investigate the diversity of viral flora, we used metagenomics to study the viral communities in a pooled faecal sample of 27 diarrhoeic piglets from intensive commercial farms in China. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Therefore, our investigation results provide an unbiased survey of viral communities and prevalence in faecal samples of piglets. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Sapovirus is a common cause of viral gastroenteritis predominantly affecting children less than 5 years of age. (healthily.co.uk)
- From 2008 to 2017, we calculated the detection rates of bacterial and viral pathogens causing diarrheal disease from 12,771 fecal samples collected through the acute diarrhea laboratory surveillance project and got the data of temperature and relative humidity. (e-jhis.org)
- A total of 2,729 fecal specimens from asymptomatic food handlers were analyzed, and 1.06% of food handlers (29/2,729) had asymptomatic NoV infection. (foodsafety.or.kr)
- Studies with volunteers given stool filtrates have shown that asymptomatic infection may occur in as many as 30% of infections, although the role of asymptomatic infection in norovirus transmission is not well understood.Go to top of pageVirus TransmissionNoroviruses are transmitted primarily through the fecal-oral route, either by consumption of fecally contaminated food or water or by direct person-to-person spread. (themedicalquestions.com)
- Dufkova L, Scigalkova I, Moutelikova R, Malenovska H, Prodelalova J (2013) Genetic diversity of porcine sapoviruses, kobuviruses, and astroviruses in asymptomatic pigs: an emerging new sapovirus GIII genotype. (springer.com)
- By screening 104 faecal samples from asymptomatic calves in Italy, bovine norovirus RNA was detected with a prevalence rate of 10.5 % (11/104). (ac.be)
- Sapovirus cannot be treated with antibiotics because it is not a bacterial infection. (wikipedia.org)
- A confirmation of sapovirus re-infection gastroenteritis cases with different genogroups and. (deepdyve.com)
- To eliminate the possibility of co-infection of 2 different sapovirus genotypes, to localize the potential recombination site, and to understand a possible recombination mechanism of recombinant sapovirus, flanking polymerase and capsid regions, with their junction of HU/5862/Osaka/JP, were amplified with primers P290 and SLV5749 to produce a 1,162-bp product ( 5 , 6 ). (cdc.gov)
- Even though many molecular epidemiologic studies on sapovirus infection have been performed worldwide, reports documenting recombination in sapovirus are still limited. (cdc.gov)
- Molecular diversity of sapovirus infection in outpatients living in Nanjing, China (2011-2013). (fiocruz.br)
- Research findings by a group of scientists led by the Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW) describe for the first time, sapovirus infection in African wild carnivores in the Serengeti ecosystem, including the spotted hyena, the African lion and the bat-eared fox. (theinformant.cl)
- Currently, little is known about sapovirus infection in wildlife and before this study, nothing was known about sapovirus infection in wild carnivores in Africa. (theinformant.cl)
- Results of the study, which was based in the Serengeti ecosystem in northern Tanzania, describes for the first time sapovirus infection in African wild carnivores, including the spotted hyena, the African lion and the bat-eared fox. (theinformant.cl)
- In 2008, the first outbreak of gastroenteritis in piglets caused by porcine sapovirus in China was reported. (biomedcentral.com)
- This study investigated the prevalence of PAstV in 488 fecal samples collected from piglets with and without diarrhea in 28 pig farms in northern and central parts of Thailand using RT-PCR. (springer.com)
- Fecal specimens were collected from nursing and weaned piglets. (iec.gov.br)
- Rotaviruses are transmitted primarily via fecal-oral route, through person-to-person contact and are shed in high concentrations. (mdpi.com)
- Porcine sapovirus was first identified in the United States in 1980, hitherto, several Asian countries have detected this virus. (biomedcentral.com)
- The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and genetic diversity of HPeV, AiV and SalV in fecal samples from hospitalized children with gastroenteritis in Hong Kong. (biomedcentral.com)
- Fecal samples from hospitalized children with gastroenteritis were subject to detection of HPeV, AiV and SalV by RT-PCR using consensus primers targeted to their 5′UTRs. (biomedcentral.com)
- HPeV, AiV and SalV were detected in fecal samples of hospitalized children with gastroenteritis in Hong Kong, with the former having the highest prevalence. (biomedcentral.com)
- Reverse-transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) is the most commonly used detection tool for sapovirus because of its broad reactivity, sensitivity, speed, and specificity. (wikipedia.org)
- Co-detection of different pathogens was observed in 24 samples (43.6%) of 55 fecal samples positive for HPeV, AiV and SalV. (biomedcentral.com)
- Low concentration of sapovirus in fecal samples makes it difficult in the detection of sapovirus. (lindin168.com)
- Development of real-time RT-PCR for the detection of human sapovirus in foods. (slu.se)
- Sapovirus was first detected in 1977 as the cause of a gastroenteritis outbreak in a home for infants in Sapporo, Japan ( 4 ), and was thereafter reported primarily among young children with acute gastroenteritis ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
- The sapovirus was initially discovered in an outbreak of gastroenteritis in an orphanage in Sapporo, Japan, 1977. (wikipedia.org)
- The prototype sapovirus is the Sapporo virus (Hu/SaV/Sapporo virus/1977/JP), which was originally discovered from an outbreak in a home for infants in Sapporo, Japan, in 1977 ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
- The presence of SaVs in these rivers indicates human faecal contamination which may pose a potential health risk to persons exposed to these water sources during domestic or recreational activities. (environmental-expert.com)
- The goal of this project was to directly improve pork safety as well as decrease other on-farm contamination by fecal material used as fertilizer. (nationalhogfarmer.com)
- Outbreak-related fecal samples were archived when any specimen remained after analysis, creating a convenience sample of feces for this and other studies. (cdc.gov)
- A fecal specimen was collected from a 1-year-old boy with acute gastroenteritis in Osaka, Japan, in March 2005. (cdc.gov)
- The fecal specimen was positive for sapovirus. (cdc.gov)
- Molecular characterization of human Sapovirus in untreated sewage in Italy by amplicon-based Sanger and next-generation sequencing. (fiocruz.br)
- Sapoviruses are transmitted by the faecal-oral route and considered a major risk to human health. (theinformant.cl)
- Sapoviruses (SaVs) were detected using published sapovirus (SaV)-specific primers and Taqman probes in a two-step real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay. (environmental-expert.com)
- Besides the fecal-oral transmission route, Human NoVs display high antigenic and genetic diversity, with over 25 genotypes within at least three genogroups (GI, II, IV). (jcvi.org)
- EM can be used to observe NoV in stool samples but its sensitivity is limited because the virus can be shed in low numbers and may be missed unless immune EM is performed or faecal specimens are concentrated by ultracentrifugation. (health.gov.au)
- Products were directly sequenced, and capsid- and polymerase-based phylogenetic trees showed recombinant sapovirus. (cdc.gov)
- Altogether, the findings underscored that HU/5862/Osaka/JP represented a novel, naturally occurring, recombinant sapovirus with GI/8 capsid and GI/1 polymerase. (cdc.gov)
- Changing genotypes of sapovirus on the basis of phylogenetic trees. (cdc.gov)
- Sapovirus has an icosahedral structure that contains 180 subunits (T=3). (wikipedia.org)
- The virus is transmitted predominantly through ingestion of contaminated food as well as person-to-person by the fecal-oral route, airborne transmission and contact with contaminated surfaces 5 ) . (foodsafety.or.kr)
- Sapovirus is a non-enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus about 7.7kb in size. (wikipedia.org)
- if there is faecal occult blood what is the most likely cause of diarrhoea? (chloedraws.com)
- what can the levels of faecal calprotectin be like in diarrhoea? (chloedraws.com)
- Sapovirus-associated diarrhoea is usually mild although severe cases can rarely occur. (healthily.co.uk)
- RNA was extracted from all faecal suspensions and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the NoV-polymerase partial region was performed as a trial test. (fiocruz.br)
- The key features that are unique to toxemia are rapid onset of symptoms following ingestion of contaminated food or drink, lack of fever, and absence of fecal leukocytes. (atsu.edu)
- what might the presence of faecal leukocytes indicate? (chloedraws.com)
- Testing for fecal leukocytes is a useful initial test because it may support a diagnosis of invasive disease. (canadiem.org)
- Etiological role and repeated infections of sapovirus among children aged less than 2 years in a cohort study in a Peri-urban community of Peru. (fiocruz.br)