False positive reactions. Medical search

Positive test results in subjects who do not possess the attribute for which the test is conducted. The labeling of healthy persons as diseased when screening in the detection of disease. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

Syphilis serodiagnosis employing as the antigen Treponema pallidum obtained from rabbit syphilis orchitis. Treponemes are kept alive for a few hours in a special medium. When syphilitic serum and complement are added and incubated, the treponemes are immobilized, i.e., stop moving.

Serologic tests for syphilis.

A contagious venereal disease caused by the spirochete TREPONEMA PALLIDUM.

Passive agglutination tests in which antigen is adsorbed onto latex particles which then clump in the presence of antibody specific for the adsorbed antigen. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

Skin tests in which the sensitizer is applied to a patch of cotton cloth or gauze held in place for approximately 48-72 hours. It is used for the elicitation of a contact hypersensitivity reaction.

Negative test results in subjects who possess the attribute for which the test is conducted. The labeling of diseased persons as healthy when screening in the detection of disease. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

Epicutaneous or intradermal application of a sensitizer for demonstration of either delayed or immediate hypersensitivity. Used in diagnosis of hypersensitivity or as a test for cellular immunity.

Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.

Serologic tests based on inactivation of complement by the antigen-antibody complex (stage 1). Binding of free complement can be visualized by addition of a second antigen-antibody system such as red cells and appropriate red cell antibody (hemolysin) requiring complement for its completion (stage 2). Failure of the red cells to lyse indicates that a specific antigen-antibody reaction has taken place in stage 1. If red cells lyse, free complement is present indicating no antigen-antibody reaction occurred in stage 1.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

Immunologic techniques based on the use of: (1) enzyme-antibody conjugates; (2) enzyme-antigen conjugates; (3) antienzyme antibody followed by its homologous enzyme; or (4) enzyme-antienzyme complexes. These are used histologically for visualizing or labeling tissue specimens.

Tests that are dependent on the clumping of cells, microorganisms, or particles when mixed with specific antiserum. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

Studies determining the effectiveness or value of processes, personnel, and equipment, or the material on conducting such studies. For drugs and devices, CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; DRUG EVALUATION; and DRUG EVALUATION, PRECLINICAL are available.

A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

Diagnostic procedures involving immunoglobulin reactions.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.

Techniques used in studying bacteria.

Study of intracellular distribution of chemicals, reaction sites, enzymes, etc., by means of staining reactions, radioactive isotope uptake, selective metal distribution in electron microscopy, or other methods.

The larval form of the diphyllobothriid tapeworms of the genus DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM and SPIROMETRA. Fish-eating mammals and man are the final hosts.

Any part or derivative of a helminth that elicits an immune reaction. The most commonly seen helminth antigens are those of the schistosomes.

Sensitive tests to measure certain antigens, antibodies, or viruses, using their ability to agglutinate certain erythrocytes. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

A recurrent contact dermatitis caused by substances found in the work place.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

Commercially prepared reagent sets, with accessory devices, containing all of the major components and literature necessary to perform one or more designated diagnostic tests or procedures. They may be for laboratory or personal use.

Serum that contains antibodies. It is obtained from an animal that has been immunized either by ANTIGEN injection or infection with microorganisms containing the antigen.

A delayed hypersensitivity involving the reaction between sunlight or other radiant energy source and a chemical substance to which the individual has been previously exposed and sensitized. It manifests as a papulovesicular, eczematous, or exudative dermatitis occurring chiefly on the light-exposed areas of the skin.

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

The process of observing, recording, or detecting the effects of a chemical substance administered to an individual therapeutically or diagnostically.

A protein extracted from boiled culture of tubercle bacilli (MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS). It is used in the tuberculin skin test (TUBERCULIN TEST) for the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection in asymptomatic persons.

One of several skin tests to determine past or present tuberculosis infection. A purified protein derivative of the tubercle bacilli, called tuberculin, is introduced into the skin by scratch, puncture, or interdermal injection.

Prudent standard preventive measures to be taken by professional and other health personnel in contact with persons afflicted with a communicable disease, to avoid contracting the disease by contagion or infection. Precautions are especially applicable in the diagnosis and care of AIDS patients.

An active immunizing agent and a viable avirulent attenuated strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, var. bovis, which confers immunity to mycobacterial infections. It is used also in immunotherapy of neoplasms due to its stimulation of antibodies and non-specific immunity.

Directions or principles presenting current or future rules of policy for assisting health care practitioners in patient care decisions regarding diagnosis, therapy, or related clinical circumstances. The guidelines may be developed by government agencies at any level, institutions, professional societies, governing boards, or by the convening of expert panels. The guidelines form a basis for the evaluation of all aspects of health care and delivery.

Any of the infectious diseases of man and other animals caused by species of MYCOBACTERIUM.

An anticonvulsant used for several types of seizures, including myotonic or atonic seizures, photosensitive epilepsy, and absence seizures, although tolerance may develop. It is seldom effective in generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures. The mechanism of action appears to involve the enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptor responses.

A carbamate derivative used as an alcohol deterrent. It is a relatively nontoxic substance when administered alone, but markedly alters the intermediary metabolism of alcohol. When alcohol is ingested after administration of disulfiram, blood acetaldehyde concentrations are increased, followed by flushing, systemic vasodilation, respiratory difficulties, nausea, hypotension, and other symptoms (acetaldehyde syndrome). It acts by inhibiting aldehyde dehydrogenase.

An anticonvulsant used to control grand mal and psychomotor or focal seizures. Its mode of action is not fully understood, but some of its actions resemble those of PHENYTOIN; although there is little chemical resemblance between the two compounds, their three-dimensional structure is similar.

A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.

An antibacterial agent that is a semisynthetic analog of LINCOMYCIN.

A plant species of the genus CITRUS, family RUTACEAE that produces the familiar grapefruit. There is evidence that grapefruit inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A4, resulting in delayed metabolism and higher blood levels of a variety of drugs.

Infection with tapeworms of the genus Taenia.

A genus of large tapeworms.

An infection caused by the infestation of the larval form of tapeworms of the genus Echinococcus. The liver, lungs, and kidney are the most common areas of infestation.

Liver disease caused by infections with parasitic tapeworms of the genus ECHINOCOCCUS, such as Echinococcus granulosus or Echinococcus multilocularis. Ingested Echinococcus ova burrow into the intestinal mucosa. The larval migration to the liver via the PORTAL VEIN leads to watery vesicles (HYDATID CYST).

A genus of very small TAPEWORMS, in the family Taeniidae. The adult form is found in various CARNIVORA but not humans. The larval form is seen in humans under certain epidemiologic circumstances.

Helminth infection of the lung caused by Echinococcus granulosus or Echinococcus multilocularis.

Species of tapeworm in the genus TAENIA, that infects swine. It is acquired by humans through the ingestion of cured or undercooked pork.

Rational sequence of tests for pancreatic function. (1/3575)

Of 144 patients with suspected pancreatic disease in whom a 75Se-selenomethionine scan was performed, endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) was successful in 108 (75%). The final diagnosis is known in 100 patients and has been compared with scan and ERP findings. A normal scan reliably indicated a normal pancreas, but the scan was falsely abnormal in 30%. ERP distinguished between carcinoma and chronic pancreatitis in 84% of cases but was falsely normal in five patients with pancreatic disease. In extrahepatic biliary disease both tests tended to give falsely abnormal results. A sequence of tests to provide a rapid and reliable assessment of pancreatic function should be a radio-isotope scan, followed by ERP if the results of the scan are abnormal, and a Lundh test if the scan is abnormal but the findings on ERP are normal. (+info)

Defining and analysing symptom palliation in cancer clinical trials: a deceptively difficult exercise. (2/3575)

The assessment of symptom palliation is an essential component of many treatment comparisons in clinical trials, yet an extensive literature search revealed no consensus as to its precise definition, which could embrace relief of symptoms, time to their onset, duration, degree, as well as symptom control and prevention. In an attempt to assess the importance of these aspects and to compare different methods of analysis, we used one symptom (cough) from a patient self-assessment questionnaire (the Rotterdam Symptom Checklist) in a large (>300 patient) multicentre randomized clinical trial (conducted by the Medical Research Council Lung Cancer Working Party) of palliative chemotherapy in small-cell lung cancer. The regimens compared were a two-drug regimen (2D) and a four-drug regimen (4D). No differences were seen between the regimens in time of onset of palliation or its duration. The degree of palliation was strongly related to the initial severity: 90% of the patients with moderate or severe cough at baseline reported improvement, compared with only 53% of those with mild cough. Analyses using different landmark time points gave conflicting results: the 4D regimen was superior at 1 month and at 3 months, whereas at 2 months the 2D regimen appeared superior. When improvement at any time up to 3 months was considered, the 4D regimen showed a significant benefit (4D 79%, 2D 60%, P = 0.02). These findings emphasize the need for caution in interpreting results, and the importance of working towards a standard definition of symptom palliation. The current lack of specified criteria makes analysis and interpretation of trial results difficult, and comparison across trials impossible. A standard definition of palliation for use in the analysis of clinical trials data is proposed, which takes into account aspects of onset, duration and degree of palliation, and symptom improvement, control and prevention. (+info)

Computerized analysis of abnormal asymmetry in digital chest radiographs: evaluation of potential utility. (3/3575)

The purpose of this study was to develop and test a computerized method for the fully automated analysis of abnormal asymmetry in digital posteroanterior (PA) chest radiographs. An automated lung segmentation method was used to identify the aerated lung regions in 600 chest radiographs. Minimal a priori lung morphology information was required for this gray-level thresholding-based segmentation. Consequently, segmentation was applicable to grossly abnormal cases. The relative areas of segmented right and left lung regions in each image were compared with the corresponding area distributions of normal images to determine the presence of abnormal asymmetry. Computerized diagnoses were compared with image ratings assigned by a radiologist. The ability of the automated method to distinguish normal from asymmetrically abnormal cases was evaluated by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, which yielded an area under the ROC curve of 0.84. This automated method demonstrated promising performance in its ability to detect abnormal asymmetry in PA chest images. We believe this method could play a role in a picture archiving and communications (PACS) environment to immediately identify abnormal cases and to function as one component of a multifaceted computer-aided diagnostic scheme. (+info)

Brightness alters Heidelberg retinal flowmeter measurements in an in vitro model. (4/3575)

PURPOSE: The Heidelberg Retinal Flowmeter (HRF), a laser Doppler flowmetry device, has captured interest as a research and clinical tool for measurement of ocular blood flow. Concerns remain about the range and accuracy of the values that it reports. METHODS: An in vitro blood-flow model was constructed to provide well-controlled laminar flow through a glass capillary for assessment by HRF. A change in material behind the glass capillary was used to simulate changing brightness conditions between eyes. RESULTS: Velocities reported by the HRF correlated linearly to true velocities below 8.8 mm/sec. Beyond 8.8 mm/sec, HRF readings fluctuated randomly. True velocity and HRF reported velocities were highly correlated, with r = 0.967 (P < 0.001) from 0.0 mm/sec to 2.7 mm/sec mean velocity using a light background, and r = 0.900 (P < 0.001) from 2.7 mm/sec to 8.8 mm/sec using a darker background. However, a large change in the y-intercept occurred in the calibration curve with the background change. CONCLUSIONS: The HRF may report velocities inaccurately because of varying brightness in the fundus. In the present experiment, a darker background produced an overreporting of velocities. An offset, possibly introduced by a noise correction routine, apparently contributed to the inaccuracies of the HRF measurements. Such offsets vary with local and global brightness. Therefore, HRF measurements may be error prone when comparing eyes. When used to track perfusion in a single eye over time, meaningful comparison may be possible if meticulous care is taken to align vessels and intensity controls to achieve a similar level of noise correction between measurements. (+info)

Improved methods using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to detect tumour cells. (5/3575)

Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is increasingly used to detect small numbers of circulating tumour cells, though the clinical benefit remains controversial. The largest single contributing factor to the controversy of its value is the different approaches to sample processing. The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity and reproducibility of RT-PCR for the detection of tumour cells after four commonly used different methods of sample processing. Using RT-PCR, one tumour cell spiked in 2 ml of whole blood was detected after analysis of separated mononuclear cell RNA, whole blood total or poly-A+ RNA. No false positives were identified with any method. However, the reproducibility of tumour cell detection was reduced after isolation of the mononuclear cell fraction. Only analysis of poly-A+ RNA had a sensitivity of 100% in all the cell spiking experiments. In patient blood samples, analysis of poly-A+ RNA increased the number of blood samples positive for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA compared with those positive after analysis of total RNA. This may reflect high levels of cDNA reducing the efficiency of the PCR. Isolation of poly-A+ RNA increases the sensitivity and reproducibility of tumour cell detection in peripheral blood. (+info)

Extensive cross-contamination of specimens with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a reference laboratory. (6/3575)

A striking increase in the numbers of cultures positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis was noticed in a mycobacterial reference laboratory in Campinas, Sao Paulo State, Brazil, in May 1995. A contaminated bronchoscope was the suspected cause of the increase. All 91 M. tuberculosis isolates grown from samples from patients between 8 May and 18 July 1995 were characterized by spoligotyping and IS6110 fingerprinting. Sixty-one of the 91 isolates had identical spoligotype patterns, and the pattern was arbitrarily designated S36. The 61 specimens containing these isolates had been processed and cultured in a 21-day period ending on 1 June 1995, but only 1 sample was smear positive for acid-fast bacilli. The patient from whom this sample was obtained was considered to be the index case patient and had a 4+ smear-positive lymph node aspirate that had been sent to the laboratory on 10 May. Virtually all organisms with spoligotype S36 had the same IS6110 fingerprint pattern. Extensive review of the patients' charts and investigation of laboratory procedures revealed that cross-contamination of specimens had occurred. Because the same strain was grown from all types of specimens, the bronchoscope was ruled out as the outbreak source. The most likely source of contamination was a multiple-use reagent used for specimen processing. The organism was cultured from two of the solutions 3 weeks after mock contamination. This investigation strongly supports the idea that M. tuberculosis grown from smear-negative specimens should be analyzed by rapid and reliable strain differentiation techniques, such as spoligotyping, to help rule out laboratory contamination. (+info)

Introduction of appendiceal CT: impact on negative appendectomy and appendiceal perforation rates. (7/3575)

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of appendiceal computed tomography (CT) availability on negative appendectomy and appendiceal perforation rates. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Appendiceal CT is 98% accurate. However, its impact on negative appendectomy and appendiceal perforation rates has not been reported. METHODS: The authors reviewed the medical records of 493 consecutive patients who underwent appendectomy between 1992 and 1995, 209 consecutive patients who underwent appendectomy in 1997 (59% of whom had appendiceal CT), and 206 patients who underwent appendiceal CT in 1997 without subsequent appendectomy. RESULTS: Before appendiceal CT, 98/493 patients (20%) taken to surgery had a normal appendix. After CT availability, 15/209 patients (7%) taken to surgery had a normal appendix; 7 patients did not have CT, 5 patients had surgery despite a negative CT, and 3 patients had a false-positive CT. Negative appendectomy rates were lowered overall (20% to 7%), in men (11% to 5%), in women (35% to 11%), in boys (10% to 5%), and in girls (18% to 12%). Appendiceal perforation rates dropped from 22% to 14% after CT availability. CT excluded appendicitis in 206 patients in 1997 who avoided appendectomy and identified alternative diagnoses in 105 of these patients (51%). CONCLUSION: The availability of appendiceal CT coincided with a drop in the negative appendectomy rate from 20% to 7% in all patients, and to only 3% in patients with a positive CT. Perforation rates decreased from 22% to 14%. Appendiceal CT can be advocated in nearly all female and many male patients. (+info)

Comparison of standard and CA-125 response criteria in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer treated with platinum or paclitaxel. (8/3575)

PURPOSE: To assess CA-125 as a measure of response in patients treated with paclitaxel. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred forty-four patients treated with paclitaxel derived from four different trials and 625 patients treated with platinum from two trials were analyzed using precisely defined 50% and 75% reductions in CA-125. The standard and CA-125 response rates to paclitaxel and platinum were compared. In addition, we analyzed individual patient groups in which there was a difference in response according to the two response criteria. RESULTS: Patients with stable disease as determined by standard criteria who were treated with platinum and responded according to CA-125 criteria have an improved median progression-free survival compared with patients with stable disease who did not respond according to CA-125 criteria (10.6 v 4.8 months; P<.001). Standard and CA-125 response rates for patients treated with platinum (58.93% v 61.31%, respectively) and paclitaxel (30.65% v 31.67%, respectively) were very similar, as were rates of false-positive prediction of response by CA-125 (platinum 2.2% and paclitaxel 2.9%). Responders to paclitaxel had a significantly improved progression-free survival compared with non-responders by both standard criteria (median progression-free survival, 6.8 v 2.5 months; P<.001) and CA-125 criteria (median progression-free survival, 6.8 v 3.4 months; P<.001). CONCLUSION: Forassessing activity of therapy for ovarian cancer, these data show that precise 50% or 75% CA-125 response criteria are as sensitive as standard response criteria. We propose that they may be used as a measure of response in lieu of or in addition to standard response criteria in clinical trials involving epithelial ovarian cancer. Sensitivity is maintained whether patients are treated with platinum or paclitaxel. (+info)

This resulted in false-positive reactions. The specificity of Mallein tests and the efficiency and potency of it are connected ... Although Mallein is the most commonly used form of testing for glanders, cross reactions were reported between Burkholderia ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mallein_test

H2O The reaction is specific for glucose, as occurs in all enzymatic reactions, but it can provide some false positive results ... False-positive readings are obtained when the reaction does not take place under acidic conditions. Highly pigmented urine and ... False-positive reactions due to menstrual contamination may be seen. They also occur if strong oxidizing detergents are present ... detergents and antiseptics also cause false-positive readings. A false-positive trace reading may occur in specimens with a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urine_test_strip

False-positive reactions with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens in pleural fluid. J Med ... But culture need 6-8week with 10-20% false positive results. A rapid serological test for diagnosis, follow-up of disease ... as well as false negative reactions in malnourished children. BCG has been used as an antigen in EIAs in in vitro studies to ... The ELISA titer indicate the positive or negative result. The diagnosis of TB is most complicated. The routine diagnosis for TB ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibodies_from_lymphocyte_secretions

Older drivers expressed reduced accuracy, higher reaction times, and more false positive responses compared to younger drivers ... The reaction time to changes in the driver's peripherals is much slower than the reaction time to changes that occur towards ... Due to the fact that control personnel have delayed reaction because of change blindness, an interface design of computer work ... Stimulation of the superior colliculus improves performance and reaction time in the same way. However, recent research has ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Change_blindness

... most positive reactions in low-risk individuals are false positives. A false positive result may be caused by nontuberculous ... Vaccination with BCG may result in a false-positive result for many years after vaccination. False positives can also occur ... Another source of false positive results can be allergic reaction or hypersensitivity. Although rare, (about 0.08 reported ... A positive result indicates TB exposure. 5 mm or more is positive in An HIV-positive person Persons with recent contacts with a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantoux_test

Borst, A.; A. T. A. Box; A. C. Fluit (2004-03-09). "False-Positive Results and Contamination in Nucleic Acid Amplification ... These tags can be appended to gene specific primers for reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) experiments, ... Martel, Fatima; Dirk Grundemann; Edgar Schöig (2002-03-31). "A simple method for elimination of false positive results in RT- ... Since PCR is unable to distinguish between cDNA targets and genomic DNA contamination, false positives and/or erroneous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webtag

Beuhler M, Lee DC, Gerkin R (August 2004). "The Meixner test in the detection of alpha-amanitin and false-positive reactions ... but also yielded false positives for some compounds, such as psilocin. Capillary zone electrophoresis was also developed, but ... Diarrhea and cramps are the first symptoms, but those pass, giving a false sign of remission. Typically, on the 4th to 5th day ... ring closure by fluorocyclization between 6-hydroxytrytophan and cysteine was achieved by intra-annular Savige-Fontana reaction ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-Amanitin

"The Meixner test in the detection of alpha-amanitin and false-positive reactions caused by psilocin and 5-substituted ... A positive reaction of Schaeffer's test, which uses the reaction of aniline and nitric acid on the surface of the mushroom, is ... Agaricus placomyces and Agaricus xanthodermus produce false negative reactions. Sometimes referred to as "Schaeffer's reaction ... The test yields false positives for some compounds, such as psilocin. Melzer's reagent can be used to test whether spores are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_test_in_mushroom_identification

... to avoid false positives". Methods. 27 (2): 114-20. doi:10.1016/S1046-2023(02)00062-2. PMID 12095268. Akey DT, Akey JM, Zhang K ... It is important to ensure that reaction parameters such as temperature and salt concentration are suitable to maintain the DNA ... resulting in false positive results for methylation. Only cytosines in single-stranded DNA are susceptible to attack by ... Thus, it is important to assess the amount of DNA degradation resulting from the reaction conditions employed, and consider how ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisulfite_sequencing

A reversal in the order of the reagents being added may result in a weak-positive or false-negative reaction. VP is one of the ... The reaction was developed by Daniel Wilhelm Otto Voges and Bernhard Proskauer, German bacteriologists in 1898 at the Institute ... The other three tests include: the indole test [I], the methyl red test [M], and the citrate test [C]. VP positive organisms ... A cherry red color indicates a positive result, while a yellow-brown color indicates a negative result. The test depends on the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voges–Proskauer_test

False-positive testing derives its name because the testing requires both a false and a positive reaction to authenticate a ... False-positive testing generally is a one time test because once done the results remain visible so while useful as part of a ... False-positive testing can also be done on documents other than currencies as a means to test their authenticity. With the ... The reaction and coloring varies depending upon the formulation. Banknotes, being a specially manufactured substrate, usually ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_printing

... was shown to have fewer false positive reactions than the Wassermann test. Both of these early tests have been superseded by ... Although it had some false positive results, it was a major advance in the detection and prevention of syphilis.[citation ... One of the first supporters of mercury treatment was Paracelsus because it had positive effects on the Arabic treatment of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_syphilis

This ensures that no contaminating DNA from previous PCR reactions is present in the lab, which could otherwise generate false ... Suicide PCR is typically used in paleogenetics or other studies where avoiding false positives and ensuring the specificity of ... PCR is preceded by a reaction using reverse transcriptase, an enzyme that converts RNA into cDNA. The two reactions may be ... which should never have been used in any positive control PCR reaction, and the primers should always target a genomic region ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variants_of_PCR

... false-positive reactions can occur for a large number of reasons, the most common of which is other infections, both viral and ... Because of the issues with false positives, confirmation with a second treponemal test that is specific for T. pallidum ... This reaction is the foundation of "nontreponemal" assays such as the VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory) test and ... Additionally these tests may show false-negative when the patient's antibody titer is very high due to a hook effect (also ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nontreponemal_tests_for_syphilis

Improperly prepared tissue samples may give false positives. In research, this reaction is used to stain cells that were ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3,3'-Diaminobenzidine

... found that the test produced false positive reactions in response to a number of substances besides blood. [See: Marius ... The positive color test alone should not be interpreted as positive proof of blood. A negative result is generally proof of the ... In its reaction with hydrogen peroxide, the heme center of hemoglobin behaves as a peroxidase, reducing the peroxide to water. ... The Kastle-Meyer test has the same reaction with human blood as it does with any other hemoglobin-based blood, so a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kastle–Meyer_test

... leading to false positive reactions in forward grouping. Cold agglutinins can usually be deactivated by warming the sample to ... Therefore, a line of red blood cells at the top of the column indicates a positive result. The strength of positive reactions ... People who have tested positive for an unexpected blood group antibody in the past may not exhibit a positive reaction on ... In ABO typing, a score of 3+ or 4+ indicates a positive reaction, while a score of 1+ or 2+ is inconclusive and requires ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_compatibility_testing

This may cause false positive reactions but an individual suffering from anxiety may also avoid real threats. This may explain ... Another description of anxiety is agony, dread, terror, or even apprehension.[15] In positive psychology, anxiety is described ... Anxiety is a worry about future events and fear is a reaction to current events. These feelings may cause physical symptoms, ... and suggested the possibility for positive resolution of anxiety through the self-conscious exercise of responsibility and ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anxiety

Hyperthermia Hypothermia Galactorrhoea Breast enlargement in either sex False-positive pregnancy tests Allergic reaction Fits ... high blood pressure A dangerous skin reaction An autoimmune reaction A potentially fatal collection of symptoms (i.e. syndrome ... erection Fear of light A reduction in the normal homeostatic breathing reaction to reductions in plasmacarbon dioxide levels ... Impaired thermoregulation Hyperglycaemia Other hypothalamic abnormalities Blurred vision Confusion Raised ANA titre Positive ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_adverse_effects_of_chlorpromazine

The Palestinian reaction has been very positive, according to Riklis. He expected a far more positive reception in Israel given ... Riklis has said that Israelis have the "false impression" that the film is pro-Palestinian and polemical. ... The film performed poorly with Israeli audiences despite the positive reaction in other areas. ... The website's critical consensus states that the film is "A positive and personal Israeli film that offers an understated and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemon_Tree_(film)

... and false positive Coombs test. Cefaclor has also been reported to cause a serum sickness-like reaction in children. Cefaclor ... Allergic reactions may present as, for example, rashes, pruritus (itching), urticaria, serum sickness-like reactions with ... false positive urinary glucose (if tested for reducing substances) ... Gram positive aerobes - Staphylococci (including coagulase-positive, coagulase-negative, and penicillinase-producing strains), ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cefaclor

... to minimize false-positives, especially when system is configured to perform autonomous reaction on the suspicious events. ... ACARM-ng (Alert Correlation, Assessment and Reaction Module - next generation) is an open source IDS/IPS system. ACARM-ng is an ... A trigger provides an abstraction of the reporting and reaction mechanism. Triggers by design, are not allowed to change the ... Typical use is real-time reporting of suspicious events to administrators (for example via e-mail) and automatic reaction to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACARM-ng

... erythema of 15 millimeters is considered positive with a false positive ratio ([100 x {number of individuals with a positive ... suggest that the reactions are due to classical allergic reaction to allergens in the beverage; reactions to all or most types ... Questionnaires can be devised to determine the specific types of alcoholic beverages eliciting reactions; reactions evoked by ... alcohol-induced rhinitis and exacerbations of asthma reactions are highly associated with aspirin-induced asthma reactions; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol-induced_respiratory_reactions

... and their allergic reaction, if any, measured. 15% of guinea pigs must show a reaction for the test to be considered positive. ... 20 animals would typically be used to ensure against false negative results. The OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals ... along with an adjuvant to enhance the immune reaction of the guinea pig. During Induction B, the topical induction, the test ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guinea_pig_maximisation_test

... false positive results are also common. Being a type I hypersensitivity reaction, anaphylactic reaction tray must be kept ready ... The test is positive in about 90% of cases of hydatid disease affecting the liver, but positive in less than 50% of patients ... A wheal response occurring at the injection site within 20 minutes is considered positive (immediate hypersensitivity). Delayed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casoni_test

Such reactions to non-visual stimuli are a widespread cause of false positives and false negatives when pet owners test their ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menace_reflex

He was well aware that injected hCG could trigger a false positive on a pregnancy test, but thought that the dosages he ... In fact, these patients were never pregnant, and the bodily changes were a reaction to the hCG. The pregnancy tests were ... inevitably false positives because the tests determined pregnancy by the presence of hCG. During Jacobson's criminal trial, ... He offered these explanations: With regard to the "false pregnancy" cases, he had believed that the women had actually been ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cecil_Jacobson

False positives may also appear on tests used past their expiration date. False positive pregnancy test can happen due to ' ... Spurious evaporation lines may appear on many home pregnancy tests if read after the suggested 3-5 minute window or reaction ... False positive pregnancy test results are rare and may occur for several reasons, including: user error in performing and ... False positives can also be caused by (in order of incidence) quiescent pregnancy, pituitary sulfated hCG, heterophilic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pregnancy_test

... of the flocculation reaction without the need of a microscope.Many other medical conditions can produce false positive results ... The MHA-TP is used to confirm a syphilis infection after another method tests positive for the syphilis bacteria. The MHA-TP ... which may be used to confirm a positive VDRL result, are more specific for syphilis than non-treponemal tests and in the ... and pinta and possibly nonpathogenic commensal treponemes can result in a positive. Not all these disease are venereal; it has ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venereal_Disease_Research_Laboratory_test

Biological false-positive tests comprise a high proportion of Venereal Disease Research Laboratory reactions in an analysis of ... were biological false positive. BFP reactivity was found in 0.24% of all patients and was significantly higher in women than in ... a phenomenon referred to as biological false-positive (BFP) VDRL test. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of ... 2 dilutions without a positive treponemal test was not reported. The subgroup of HIV-positive patients (n = 1415) revealed a 10 ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16303064?dopt=Abstract

Reactions,to,false-positive,prostate,cancer,screenings,assessed,medicine,medical news today,latest medical news,medical ... Men who get a false-positive prostate cancer result -- an abnormal s...The study findings based on telephone surveys of 210 men ... Men with false-positives were about three times as likely to report being at least somewhat worried about getting prostate ... Men who get a "false-positive" prostate cancer result -- an abnormal screening test followed by a biopsy indicating no evidence ...

http://news.bio-medicine.org/medicine-news-3/Reactions-to-false-positive-prostate-cancer-screenings-assessed-1602-1/

... and the positives found are generally false positives, partly due to the high immunoglobulin concentration. ... False positive reactions for IgA and IgG anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies in liver cirrhosis are common and method- ... and the positives found are generally false positives, partly due to the high immunoglobulin concentration. ... The largest number of false positives was found with methods that used tTG in association with gliadin peptides as antigen ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15936306/?dopt=Abstract

false-positive reaction answers are found in the Tabers Medical Dictionary powered by Unbound Medicine. Available for iPhone, ... reaction. Accessed July 6, 2020.. False-positive reaction. (2017). In Venes, D. (Ed.), Tabers Medical Dictionary (23rd edition ... reaction. False-positive Reaction [Internet]. In: Venes D, editors. Tabers Medical Dictionary. F.A. Davis Company; 2017. [ ... false-positive reaction is a topic covered in the Tabers Medical Dictionary. To view the entire topic, please sign in or ...

https://www.tabers.com/tabersonline/view/Tabers-Dictionary/750441/all/false_positive_reaction

FALSE-POSITIVE REACTION TO THE REGITINE TEST FOR PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA: REPORT OF A CASE1 Annals of Internal Medicine; 41 (5): 1061- ... ON THE IMPORTANCE OF MALARIA AS A CAUSE OF FALSE POSITIVE SEROLOGIC REACTIONS1. Ann Intern Med. ;19:651-655. doi: 10.7326/0003- ... ON THE IMPORTANCE OF MALARIA AS A CAUSE OF FALSE POSITIVE SEROLOGIC REACTIONS1 T. R. DAWBER, M.D. ... THE INCIDENCE AND ETIOLOGIC BACKGROUND OF CHRONIC BIOLOGIC FALSE-POSITIVE REACTIONS IN SEROLOGIC TESTS FOR SYPHILIS: ...

http://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/672843/importance-malaria-cause-false-positive-serologic-reactions

My initial reaction was that it probably wouldnt have been obvious, had I not had the instructions. It seemed like I was ...

https://www.outlookimport.com/my-antivirus-suspects-your-software-in-sending-hidden-data/

... showed biological false-positive reactions.. There were 80 sera from blood donors which gave biological false-positive ... Sixty-six of the sera showed chronic biological false-positive reactions. Some donors were only found reactive for the first ... Chronic biological false-positive reactions to serological tests for syphilis in blood donors ... Chronic biological false-positive reactions to serological tests for syphilis in blood donors ...

https://jcp.bmj.com/content/23/6/478

Objectives Biologically false positive (BFP) reactions are well described in early literature. However, only a few recent ... Prevalence and clinical characteristics of patients with biologically false-positive reactions with serological syphilis ... Prevalence and clinical characteristics of patients with biologically false-positive reactions with serological syphilis ... Conclusion There was a low incidence of BFP reactions in the last decade. A minority of BFP reactions had high non-treponemal ...

https://sti.bmj.com/content/early/2020/11/18/sextrans-2020-054628

More positive about mammography - reactions of women to a false positive recall: a qualitative study of women at risk of ... and sought to understand the reactions of women who had received an initial all-clear result and who had received an all-clear ... women who were recalled for further tests prior to an all-clear result reported significantly more positive feelings post ... ability of mammography to detect a cancer at an early stage gave reassurance that a cancer diagnosis could lead to a positive ...

https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/bcr1974

... are likely to generate false positive results. Based on electronic searches in six databases, 13 studies were found that met ... are likely to generate false positive results. Based on electronic searches in six databases, 13 studies were found that met ... design is prone to false positive results and discuss the design features that might prevent or exacerbate this problem. ... design is prone to false positive results and discuss the design features that might prevent or exacerbate this problem. ...

http://isharonline.org/tags/false-positive-reactions

"False Positive Reactions". 0-9. A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T. U. V. W. X. Y. Z. * 0-9 ...

https://repository.icr.ac.uk/browse?value=False+Positive+Reactions&type=subject

False Positive Reactions. False positive tuberculin reactions can occur in individuals who have been infected with other ... Negative Reactions. An individual who does not show a positive reaction to 5 TU on the first test, but is suspected of being TB ... False-Negative Reactions. Not all infected persons will have a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to a tuberculin test. ... Persons showing positive tuberculin reactions should be considered positive by current public health guidelines and referred ...

https://www.drugs.com/dosage/tubersol.html

False Positive Reactions. False positive tuberculin reactions can occur in individuals who have been infected with other ... False positive or false negative tuberculin skin test reactions may occur in some individuals. (See Interpretation of the Test ... False positive tuberculin reaction tests occur in individuals who have been infected with other mycobacteria, including ... Negative Reactions. An individual who does not show a positive reaction to 5 TU on the first test, but is suspected of being TB ...

https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=261efc52-a105-4c2c-a8ce-9eee20b62efc

Elimination of false-positive polymerase chain reaction results resulting from hole punch carryover contamination ... 2008) Elimination of false-positive polymerase chain reaction results resulting from hole punch carryover contamination. ... It was determined that false-positive results could be obtained at least 13 times after a positive sample. Subsequently, the ... causing false-positive results by PCR. In the present study, filter-paper-collected blood that contained beak and feather ...

http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/8970/

Association of Biologic False-Positive Reactions for Syphilis with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. / Rompalo, Anne M.; ... Rompalo, A. M., Cannon, R. O., Quinn, T. C., & Hook, E. W. (1992). Association of Biologic False-Positive Reactions for ... Rompalo, Anne M. ; Cannon, Robert O. ; Quinn, Thomas C. ; Hook, Edward W. / Association of Biologic False-Positive Reactions ... Rompalo, AM, Cannon, RO, Quinn, TC & Hook, EW 1992, Association of Biologic False-Positive Reactions for Syphilis with Human ...

https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/association-of-biologic-false-positive-reactions-for-syphilis-wit-3

... ... Flomax drinking alcohol xalatan purchase abacavir adverse reactions protopic unguento 0 01. Fenofibrate safe protonix rash side ... Codeine histamine reaction mentat chant prednisone dose for asthmatic bronchitis adalat oros 20 mg para que sirve Risperidone ...

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False Positive Reactions. *Functional genomics. *GSK461364. *Gene Expression. *Gene Expression Regulation. *Genetic ...

https://www.mendeley.com/research-papers/rna-therapeutics-1/

The test was highly specific, no false positive reactions occurred with human faecal samples and the test was capable of ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1594298/?dopt=Abstract

Brucella melitensis B115-Based ELISA to Unravel False Positive Serologic Reactions in Bovine Brucellosis: A Field Study ... Brucella melitensis B115-Based ELISA to Unravel False Positive Serologic Reactions in Bovine Brucellosis: A Field Study ... All positive sera, i.e. from Brucella-infected animals, were RBPT positive and CFT positive (ICFTU ranging from 20 to 1280) and ... All positive sera, i.e. from Brucella-infected animals, were RBPT positive and CFT positive (ICFTU ranging from 20 to 1280) and ...

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-2396/v4

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mallein_test

9 in occurrence of false positive serological reactions - Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences ... 9 in occurrence of false positive serological reactions. M. Weiner; K. Szulowski; W. Iwaniak ... The porcine brucellosis - evidence of the role of Yersinia enterocolitica O:9 in occurrence of false positive serological ...

http://journals.pan.pl/dlibra/publication/114074/edition/99132/content/the-porcine-brucellosis-evidence-of-the-role-of-yersinia-enterocolitica-o-9-in-occurrence-of-false-positive-serological-reactions-weiner-m-szulowski-k-iwaniak-w?language=en

Phenolphthalein false-positive reactions from legume root nodules.. Petersen D, Kovacs F. ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?cmd=search&term=Kovacs+F%5Bau%5D&dispmax=50

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urine_test_strip

The frequency and identification of false positive conversion reactions. J Nerv Ment Dis 1979;167:243-247. ... Diagnosed conversion reactions: predicative value of psychiatric criteria. JAMA 1966;197:530-534. ... Neurologists should be encouraged to make a positive diagnosis early to avoid uncertainty in the minds of the patients, and ... Prognosis and differential diagnosis of conversion reactions. Dis Nerv System 1962;23:623-631. ...

https://www.bmj.com/content/316/7131/582?ijkey=0919663a55a83e22fe2ffd3bde12708a917533e7&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

False-positive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction screening for SARS-CoV-2 in the setting of urgent head and neck ... False-positive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction screening for SARS-CoV-2 in the setting of urgent head and neck ... False-positive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction screening for SARS-CoV-2 in the setting of urgent head and neck ... T1 - False-positive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction screening for SARS-CoV-2 in the setting of urgent head and ...

https://miami.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/false-positive-reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction-sc

False Positive Reactions Citation: Farideh Zaini ,A. S. A. Mehbod , The puzzle of the false positive reaction in Cr ... The puzzle of the false positive reaction in Cr neoformanses capsular antigen slide latex agglutination test by sera of ... The puzzle of the false positive reaction in Cr neoformanses capsular antigen slide latex agglutination test by sera of ... Different examination have shown that rheumatoid factor is not responsible for false positive reaction [F. P. R. ] in Cr. ...

https://vlibrary.emro.who.int/?p=959310

... and Gram positive bacteria cocci, showed false positive reaction by the BCG marker. the authors discuss the use of the ... False positive reaction of the immunohistochemistry technique using anti-BCG polyclonal antibodies to identify Mycobacterium ... False positive reaction of the immunohistochemistry technique using anti-BCG polyclonal antibodies to identify Mycobacterium ...

http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/27902

False Positive Reactions. Humans. Image Processing, Computer-Assisted*. Sensitivity and Specificity. Solitary Pulmonary Nodule ... RESULTS: The system provided a sensitivity of 94% for nodule detection and an average of 1.25 false-positive results per case. ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Computerized-detection-pulmonary-nodules-in/8034453.html

False Positive Reactions. Hematologic Tests*. Humans. Infant, Newborn. Infant, Premature, Diseases / blood, diagnosis, etiology ... 16.5%; P , 0.001). On the initial test a positive screen (scores , or = 3) identified 26 of 28 infants with sepsis or probable ... infection (sensitivity 93%; specificity 82%; positive and negative predictive values 50 and 98%, respectively). Corresponding ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Hematologic-scoring-system-in-early/8327296.html

To evaluate false-positivity and specificity, 54 HIV false-positive and HIV-negative serum samples from 100 hospitalized patients and 600 healthy subjects were included. (curehunter.com)
Raising temperatures or shaking speeds accelerated RT-QuIC reactions without compromising specificity. (mdpi.com)

The Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test for syphilis screening may, under certain circumstances, yield positive results in patients not infected with Treponema pallidum, a phenomenon referred to as biological false-positive (BFP) VDRL test. (nih.gov)
The seroprevalence for syphilis was 1.77% (n = 5320), as determined by a positive TPHA test. (nih.gov)
In a low syphilis prevalence population, BFP reactions comprise a high proportion of all VDRL reactors. (nih.gov)
The evaluation of positive serologic tests for syphilis is a problem which every physician must face. (annals.org)
Problem sera from 375 blood donors were investigated for biological false-positive reactions to serological tests for syphilis. (bmj.com)
Of the sera 49·9% were found to be non-reactive in all five tests, 28·8% gave results indicating a diagnosis of syphilis, and 21·3% showed biological false-positive reactions. (bmj.com)
It is concluded that sudden blood loss, as in blood donation, appears to stimulate the production of excess reagin in certain individuals, causing a chronic biological false positive reaction to serological tests for syphilis. (bmj.com)
We reviewed the serological test results of patients tested for syphilis in our hospital in the past decade and described the clinical characteristics of patients with BFP reactions. (bmj.com)
The prevalence of biologic false-positive (BFP) reactions for syphilis (reactive rapid plasma reagin [RPR] test, nonreactive fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption [FTA-ABS] test) among patients attending two sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics was evaluated to assess relationships between BFP reactions and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. (elsevier.com)
Although more common among HIV-infected than HIV-uninfected patients, BFP reactions are relatively rare among STD clinic patients, and 89% of patients with reactive RPR or VDRL serologic tests for syphilis had current or prior syphilis infection. (elsevier.com)
False positive serologic reactions for syphilis: due to smallpox vaccinations (vaccinia). (springer.com)
Koike T, Sueishi M, Funaki H, Tomioka H, Yoshida S. Anti-phospholipid antibodies and biological false positive serological test for syphilis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. (springer.com)
The interpretation of syphilis tests is further complicated by the lack of a reliable gold standard for syphilis diagnostics, and the newer tests can result in false-positive reactions similar to those seen with older tests. (asm.org)
Of 2,214 samples that were retested, 203 (9.2%) had active syphilis infection, 21 (0.9%) were biological false reactions, 640 (28.9%) were past or treated syphilis infections, and 1,350 (61%) were uninfected. (biomedcentral.com)
0.001), and had low positive predictive value (16.8%) for detecting active syphilis infection. (biomedcentral.com)
More than half (51.9%) of HSS syphilis positive cases were actually past/treated treponemal infections, possibly previous exposure to yaws. (biomedcentral.com)

The results of the various methods of assaying anti-tTG antibodies in patients with LC are highly variable, and the positives found are generally false positives, partly due to the high immunoglobulin concentration. (nih.gov)
IFAT reveals the earliest positive results for IgM antibodies after initial infection. (medscape.com)
In a large study of 494 patients with infectious mononucleosis, 79% of cases were due to EBV, and, in the 73 heterophile antibody-negative patients, approximately half of these were CMV positive (rising complement-fixing antibodies). (medscape.com)
I have read that sometimes false positive reflect a reaction to other (non-HIV) antibodies. (thebody.com)
This would probably mean that the blood that is negative when diluted but positive when undiluted has a lower level of antibodies than the diluted blood that is doubly positive and, therefore, may probably test negative on the Western blot test. (whale.to)
Participants were selected should respond, regardless of the test used, be it from five Voluntary HIV Counselling Testing (VCT) negative (absence of specific anti-HIV antibodies) or sites at the health centres of Neema and Boyoma in positive (presence of specific anti-HIV antibodies). (who.int)
If the patient has antibodies to T. pallidum , a color reaction takes place. (cdc.gov)

On each serum a cardiolipin Wassermann reaction, a Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test, a Reiter protein-complement fixation test, a Treponema pallidum immobilization test, and a fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test were performed. (bmj.com)
Systemic toxic reactions are usually associated with much higher serum levels (30 to 40 mg/100 ml). (drugs.com)
Hepatic Cirrhosis Showing False-Positive Serum C-Reactive Protein Reaction. (nii.ac.jp)
A false-positive test has been reported with serum sickness ( CID 1999;29:953). (lww.com)
Positive and negative control serum specimens are run simultaneously to allow identification of viral proteins. (cdc.gov)
This reality was recently mentioned by an internationally-famous virologist from Germany, in an interview where he also admitted that laboratory confirmation of COVID-19 is next to impossible given the high incidence of both false-positive COVID PCR swab tests and false positive COVID serum antibody tests. (lewrockwell.com)
Recombinant EryC, Omp16, PP26, and PP39 were all reactive to B. abortus-positive serum. (mendeley.com)
false-positive serum or urine creatinine w/ Jaffe' reaction. (mims.com)

The reactivity of positive samples should be confirmed by the complement fixation test or by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), both of which can also be used for both screening and confirmation. (fao.org)
False-positive reactions with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens in pleural fluid. (wikipedia.org)

Persons showing positive tuberculin reactions should be considered positive by current public health guidelines and referred for further medical evaluation. (drugs.com)
Characteristically, delayed hypersensitivity reactions to tuberculin begin at 5 to 6 hours, are maximal at 48 to 72 hours and subside over a period of days. (nih.gov)
Clinically, a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to tuberculin is a manifestation of previous infection with M tuberculosis or a variety of non-tuberculosis bacteria. (nih.gov)
Allergy to any component of TUBERSOL or an anaphylactic or other allergic reaction to a previous test of tuberculin PPD is a contraindication to the use of TUBERSOL. (nih.gov)
The only evidence of infection may be a reaction to a tuberculin skin test. (cdc.gov)
Health-care agencies or other facilities should consult with the local health department before starting a skin-testing program to ensure that adequate provisions are made for the evaluation and treatment of persons whose tuberculin skin tests are positive. (cdc.gov)
The tuberculin reaction was first described by Robert Koch in 1890. (wikipedia.org)
However, the test was unreliable due to impurities in tuberculin which tended to cause false results. (wikipedia.org)
TST (tuberculin skin test) positive is measured by size of induration. (wikipedia.org)
A positive Mantoux tuberculin skin test is the hallmark of tuberculous infection, meaning that the person harbors M tuberculosis within the body. (healio.com)
If the individual with a positive tuberculin skin test has a negative chest radiograph, a normal physical examination, and no symptoms, he or she has tuberculous infection without disease and, usually, is a candidate for isoniazid therapy. (healio.com)
In general, a child with a positive Mantoux tuberculin skin test who has any radiographic or clinical manifestations consistent with tuberculosis is considered to have tuberculous disease, even if no symptoms are present. (healio.com)
The tuberculin skin test is based on the fact that infection with M. tuberculosis bacterium produces a delayed-type hypersensitivity skin reaction to certain components of the bacterium. (medicinenet.com)
Reaction in the skin to tuberculin PPD begins when specialized immune cells, called T cells, which have been sensitized by prior infection, are attracted by the immune system to the skin site where they release chemical messengers called lymphokines. (medicinenet.com)
It is only contraindicated in people who have had a severe reaction to a previous tuberculin skin test. (medicinenet.com)

Two false positive reactions did occur in the CF test. (ajtmh.org)
Systemic reactions, such as hand dermatitis or generalized eczematous reactions, can occur due to dietary nickel or cobalt ingestion. (hindawi.com)
With nontreponemal tests, false-positive reactions can occur because of pregnancy, autoimmune disorders, and infections. (aafp.org)
So false NEGATIVES may occur. (koivet.com)
Cross reactions and false positives may occur. (koivet.com)
Cross-reactions with false-positive results may occur with B. fragilis, Pseudomonas species, Stenotrophomonas and Flavobacterium. (lww.com)
However, false positive reactions can occur so results must be interpreted with the utmost caution. (novusbio.com)

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) remain a common and major problem in healthcare. (hindawi.com)
Severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCARs), such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) with mortality rate ranges from 10% to more than 30%, can be life threatening. (hindawi.com)
In rare cases, some drugs are capable of inducing immune responses through interactions with MHC molecules, known as adverse drug reactions (ADRs). (hindawi.com)

Always send more than one fish, because among a group, there will be false negatives. (koivet.com)
Niven's medium ( 48 ) has been most widely used, although high rates of false positives and false negatives are observed, presumably due to the presence of competing bacteria ( 12 , 25 , 39 ). (asm.org)

All of these tests have been reported to provide positive results in more than 95% of the sera from infected humans. (medscape.com)

The collection of biological material (e.g., blood) directly onto filter paper for subsequent use in laboratory assays such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), has become a common practice. (edu.au)
Background: No reports describe falsepositive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for novel coronavirus in preoperative screening. (elsevier.com)
The recently developed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA-probe methods provide additional means of detection. (fao.org)
This is 'Polymerase Chain Reaction' testing in which tissues are homogenized and then a probe is used to find tiny bits of the virus DNA. (koivet.com)
Virus can be detected in the blood for 1-2 weeks by nucleic acid tests such as polymerase chain reaction. (bmj.com)

We would reduce by two-thirds the number of expensive, stressful oral food challenges conducted, as well as saving children from experiencing allergic reactions. (upi.com)
The method, however, carries a risk of severe, life-threatening allergic reaction, in addition to false-positive results. (upi.com)
If we relied on them alone, we'd be over diagnosing food allergies -- only 22 percent of school-aged children in the U.K. with a positive test to peanuts are actually allergic when they're fed the food in a monitored setting. (upi.com)
The new test concentrates on mast cells, which help trigger allergic reactions. (upi.com)
They recognize an antibody called immunoglobulin in plasma and, in allergic patients, produce biomarkers associated with allergic reactions. (upi.com)
Parents are often afraid to feed them a food that is known to cause allergic reactions. (upi.com)
To identify the concentration of the fragrance compound hydroxyisohexyl 3-cyclohexene carboxaldehyde (INCI) (HICC) that is sufficiently low not to cause an allergic reaction in patients with proven sensitization. (labome.org)

Men who get a "false-positive" prostate cancer result -- an abnormal screening test followed by a biopsy indicating no evidence of cancer -- appear more likely to worry about their subsequent risk of cancer and report more problems with sexual function compared to men with normal screening results, according to a University of Iowa study. (bio-medicine.org)
In this article, we test the hypothesis that randomized clinical trials of acupuncture for pain with certain design features (A + B versus B) are likely to generate false positive results. (isharonline.org)
They all suggested that acupuncture is effected (one only showing a positive trend, all others had significant results). (isharonline.org)
We conclude that the 'A + B versus B' design is prone to false positive results and discuss the design features that might prevent or exacerbate this problem. (isharonline.org)
The use of a common cutting instrument for excising a standard-sized piece of paper that contains the material also introduces the potential for transferring biological material from one sample to subsequent samples, causing false-positive results by PCR. (edu.au)
It was determined that false-positive results could be obtained at least 13 times after a positive sample. (edu.au)
This method was simple, cheap, and relatively rapid, and allowed for the use of a single hole punch for a series of samples, without carryover contamination and consequent false-positive results. (edu.au)
Four (9.3%) had discrepant results (positive/negative). (elsevier.com)
RESULTS: The system provided a sensitivity of 94% for nodule detection and an average of 1.25 false-positive results per case. (biomedsearch.com)
Blood cultures have positive results in 100% of patients with acute-phase illness, but only 40-50% in those with chronic illness. (medscape.com)
Test results are positive in approximately 50% of individuals. (medscape.com)
Only 34 of the 54 (63%) samples known to yield false-positive results by EHIV assay had repeatedly yielded reactive results in the CHIV assay. (curehunter.com)
False-negative ratio refers to the ratio of subjects affected by an illness whose test results wrongly suggest they are disease free to all those subjects who have the disease. (ebscohost.com)
They work well for screening blood transfusions and identifying people who need further tests, but are known to yield false positive results due to serological cross-reactivity (or to inadequate quality control and human error (e.g. mislabeling of specimens). (plos.org)
Preliminary urine screening results, when positive, should be confirmed by a more accurate method that can distinguish between poppy seed ingestion and use of heroin or other opiates. (minddisorders.com)
Positive screening results should always be confirmed by a more sensitive method. (minddisorders.com)
If the sensitivity of the test is poor, it will give significant false-negative results. (google.com)
If its not due to some other reason then I'm confused by the posts where people said their Herpeselect test were negative but IgM was positive and they were told they should disregard the IgM results. (medhelp.org)
Diagnostic antibody tests can give false positive results because of cross reaction against related viruses such as dengue. (bmj.com)
Based on the results of this study the EC3 value is calculated to be 64.9% v/v. The SI for the positive control substance hexyl cinnamic aldehyde (HCA) was 6.5 which demonstrates the validity of this study. (europa.eu)
But culture need 6-8week with 10-20% false positive results. (wikipedia.org)
[15] In positive psychology , anxiety is described as the mental state that results from a difficult challenge for which the subject has insufficient coping skills. (wikipedia.org)

citation needed] This resulted in false-positive reactions. (wikipedia.org)

Brucellin preparations for the intradermal test must be free of lipopolysaccharide and must not produce non-specific inflammatory reactions or interfere with serological tests. (fao.org)

Regardless of their individual experiences of cancer within the family, faith in the ability of mammography to detect a cancer at an early stage gave reassurance that a cancer diagnosis could lead to a positive outcome. (biomedcentral.com)
Conclusions: The B. melitensis B115-based ELISA systematically unravelled all false positive (FP) sera while confirming the diagnosis in Brucella-infected animals. (researchsquare.com)
But late in 2004 we came to realize that some people in our program did not have HIV, so we re-tested a number of them-and identified almost 50 who were suspect for false positive HIV diagnosis. (plos.org)
This news was devastating, considering the consequences a false diagnosis can have on people's lives. (plos.org)
All patients with a suspected false diagnosis were counseled and re-tested using the confirmation test. (plos.org)
The new test is specific in confirming the diagnosis so when it's positive, we can be very sure it means allergy," Dr Alexandra Santos, an MRC Clinician Scientist at King's College London, said in a press release. (upi.com)

Biological false-positive tests comprise a high proportion of Venereal Disease Research Laboratory reactions in an analysis of 300,000 sera. (nih.gov)
There were 80 sera from blood donors which gave biological false-positive reactions. (bmj.com)
Sixty-six of the sera showed chronic biological false-positive reactions. (bmj.com)
RBPT positive and CFT negative, as well as double positive (DP) sera, i.e. (researchsquare.com)
All positive sera, i.e. from Brucella-infected animals, were RBPT positive and CFT positive (ICFTU ranging from 20 to 1280) and gave ELISA O.D. values above the cutoff. (researchsquare.com)
Despite its great sensitivity, the CMV IgM test is limited by a one-way cross-reaction of acute EBV infectious mononucleosis sera. (medscape.com)
In all tests, eight of nine sera from patients with larva currens were positive. (asm.org)
The prevalence of HIV-1 and HIV-2 co-infection among HIV positive sera was 16.7% (95% CI: 4.7 - 44.8). (who.int)

With regard to reactivity in VDRL testing, 2799 patients (0.92%) of the study population were positive, of whom 736 (26%) were biological false positive. (nih.gov)
This proportion might be even higher, as reactivity in the VDRL at 1:0 and 1:2 dilutions without a positive treponemal test was not reported. (nih.gov)
The low predictive value is a result of cross-reactivity with BCG and atypical mycobacteria, as well as false negative reactions in malnourished children. (wikipedia.org)

In this study, we evaluated the performance of a new fourth-generation ADVIA Centaur HIV antigen /antibody combo (CHIV) assay (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc., USA) for early detection of HIV infection and reduction of false positive rate. (curehunter.com)
Although Mallein is the most commonly used form of testing for glanders, cross reactions were reported between Burkholderia mallei and Streptococcus equi, which is a bacteria-caused contagious upper respiratory tract infection of equines. (wikipedia.org)
The performance characteristics of these tests were influenced negatively by concomitant HIV infection and the presence of other genital ulcer disease pathogens in lesions found to be Treponema pallidum PCR positive. (thefreelibrary.com)
This means that in groups of known-positive KHV infection, you have a one-or-two out of three chance of actually finding it. (koivet.com)
Therefore, a test for IgM antibody to any particular infection may be positive before a test that detects IgG antibody. (medhelp.org)
Bottom lines: Sometimes a new HSV infection in an adult indeed will be positive by IgM before IgG. (medhelp.org)
If certain other vertically transmissible infections are suspected because of a positive antenatal test result, confirmatory tests for maternal and, if indicated, fetal infection are essential before intervention is considered (eg, cytomegalovirus infection). (mja.com.au)

The predictive value of a positive or negative FANA test result was calculated using different pretest probabilities based on clinical criteria. (annals.org)

This complementary qualitative study explored the value women placed on having joined a programme of regular screening, and sought to understand the reactions of women who had received an initial all-clear result and who had received an all-clear result following further tests. (biomedcentral.com)
Reactivation of the virus is not uncommon, sometimes occurring with viremia and a positive IgM result in the presence of IgG antibody. (medscape.com)
A test result that wrongly suggests that a particular disease or condition is not present is referred to as false negative. (ebscohost.com)
An example of a false positive is a mammography result which suggests that a patient's has breast cancer, but subsequent. (ebscohost.com)
False-negative reaction refers to a test result that is negative in an individual who nonetheless has the attribute or disease being tested for. (ebscohost.com)
False-positive reaction refers to a test result that is positive in a person who is actually healthy. (ebscohost.com)
Certain foods, such as poppy seeds, may result in a positive urine screen for opiates, since poppy seeds are derived from opium poppies. (minddisorders.com)
The person's medical risk factors determine at which increment (5 mm, 10 mm, or 15 mm) of induration the result is considered positive. (wikipedia.org)
[7] A positive result indicates TB exposure. (wikipedia.org)
The size of the induration considered to be a positive result depends on risk factors. (wikipedia.org)
Interpretation of semiquantitative reagent strips, which are colorimetric tests, requires knowledge of urine color because discolored urine may result in a false-positive result. (merckvetmanual.com)
Could either of these medications produce a false negative or false positive result? (thebody.com)
The currently licensed Du Pont Western blot test specifies that the test result should be interpreted as positive only when the detected bands include p24 and p31, and gp41 or gp120/160 (12) (see Table 2). (cdc.gov)
Which of the following situations can result in a false-negative reaction with Rh typing reagents? (labce.com)
The ELISA titer indicate the positive or negative result. (wikipedia.org)
Benedict's or Fehling's tests soln, Clinitest ® ) may produce false-positive result. (mims.com)

The subgroup of HIV-positive patients (n = 1415) revealed a 10-fold higher rate of BFP tests (2.1% versus 0.24), an effect being statistically significant. (nih.gov)
Neither of the two tests is able to avoid the detection of false positive serological reactions (FPSRs) caused by bacteria sharing S-LPS components with Brucella spp. (researchsquare.com)
Positive tests were repeated. (elsevier.com)
A persistent problem with these tests is false-positive reactions. (medscape.com)
The IHA and the LF tests were more specific in that no false positive reactions occurred. (ajtmh.org)
The difficult topic: false positive HIV tests. (plos.org)
The 2 study sites initially showed a 7% false positive rate using the national algorithm, which relies on 2 out of 3 positive tests ("tie-breaker" algorithm). (plos.org)
A patient taking prescribed codeine pills and an individual using heroin would both show positive urine screening tests for opiates. (minddisorders.com)
This reaction is the basis of traditional nontreponemal tests such as the VDRL test and rapid plasma reagin test. (aafp.org)
First, false positive tests are common--that is, apparent IgM antibody that simply isn't present at all, despite what the test says. (medhelp.org)
What I noticed is that the absorbance values of the specimens that tested negative when diluted [1: 400], but positive when undiluted [1:1], had lower values than the samples that, diluted, react positive on both the ELISA and Western blot tests. (whale.to)

Adults with extensive pulmonary disease, frequent cough, and heavy sputum production that is acid-fast smear positive are most likely to be infectious. (healio.com)

Different examination have shown that rheumatoid factor is not responsible for false positive reaction [F. P. R. ] in Cr. (who.int)
False-positive reactions have resulted from the presence of rheumatoid factors. (medscape.com)
The assay is sensitive and, unlike prior sandwich assays for the antigen, is not affected significantly by cross-reactions with rheumatoid factor. (google.com)

Conclusions: If false positives are suspected, we recommend computed tomography (CT) of the chest and repeat RT-PCR. (elsevier.com)

Studies have shown that not all positive patch test reactions are reproducible upon retesting, that is, persistent. (bioportfolio.com)

skin reactions (+1 or +2) in 70-90% of sensitive subjects. (bioportfolio.com)

There was no statistically significant correlation between RPR titre and total protein albumin gap, surrogate of immunoglobulin levels among patients with BFP reactions. (bmj.com)
KIR have either two (KIR2D) or three (KIR3D) extracellular immunoglobulin domains and either short (S) or long (L) intracytoplasmic tails which transduce positive and negative signals, respectively ( 4 - 7 ). (rupress.org)

A person who received a BCG vaccine (administered in some countries but not the U.S.) against tuberculosis may also have a positive skin reaction to the TB test. (medicinenet.com)

However, only a few recent reports described the incidence and clinical characteristics of patients with BFP reactions. (bmj.com)
Clinical characteristics and laboratory data of patients with BFP reactions were reviewed manually. (bmj.com)
Most BFP reactions were observed in patients aged over 60 years, with a history of malignancy and autoimmune diseases. (bmj.com)
BFP reactions were more likely to persist beyond 6 months among patients with RPR titre of ≥1:8. (bmj.com)
and even when truly positive, there is no distinction between HSV-1 and HSV-2, which is pretty important to most patients and providers. (medhelp.org)
To diagnose peanut allergy, medical personnel give legume substances to patients in incrementally larger doses, testing for a reaction. (upi.com)

13 and 8 isolates were false positive by the bacteriophage-based and Pastorex LATs, respectively. (asm.org)
The histamine-forming capability of positive isolates was not confirmed in all reports, and some reports ( 52 , 54 ) described false-positive reactions in some media due to the formation of alkaline compounds or false-negative responses due to fermentation by some bacteria. (asm.org)

The challenges include robust object tracking, stationary object detection, reactions for false positives etc. (sae.org)

The largest number of false positives was found with methods that used tTG in association with gliadin peptides as antigen substrate. (nih.gov)
7) Subsequent restimulation of these sensitized lymphocytes with the same or a similar antigen, such as the intradermal injection of TUBERSOL, evokes a local reaction mediated by these cells. (nih.gov)
Reduction of the HIV seroconversion window period and false positive rate by using ADVIA Centaur HIV antigen/antibody combo assay. (curehunter.com)
Paget cells showed a conspicuous positive reaction with antiserum to CEA, but were negative when nonspecific cross-reacting-antigen (NCA)-absorbed antiserum to CEA, or a monoclonal antibody to CEA was used as the detecting agents. (wikigenes.org)

For persons who are otherwise at low risk and are tested at the start of employment, a reaction of ≥15 mm induration is considered positive. (drugs.com)
The reaction is read by measuring the diameter of induration (palpable raised, hardened area) across the forearm (perpendicular to the long axis) in millimeters. (wikipedia.org)

The positive control group received 25% v/v hexylcinnamic aldehyde in AOO based on previous experience at this laboratory. (europa.eu)

Patch-test readings after day 5 have previously been used to identify delayed reactions to metals and topical antibiotics. (bioportfolio.com)

To evaluate the safety of Disperse blue 106 and Bronopol T.R.U.E. Test allergens in 20 adult subjects per allergen with a clinical history of contact dermatitis and a positive patch test to the respective reference allergen. (bioportfolio.com)

The test is positive within one day of onset of symptoms and persists for days to weeks, and in one case persisted over 300 days ( JCM 1984;20:605). (lww.com)

Histamine accumulation occurred when PCR amplification of hdc was positive in all of fish samples tested and the presence of powerful histamine producers was confirmed by subsequent SSCP identification. (asm.org)

We calculated the incidence of BFP reactions. (bmj.com)
Conclusion There was a low incidence of BFP reactions in the last decade. (bmj.com)

Anatomy1

Organisms5

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs11

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment25

Phenomena and Processes3

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science1

Health Care6

Rational sequence of tests for pancreatic function. (1/3575)

Defining and analysing symptom palliation in cancer clinical trials: a deceptively difficult exercise. (2/3575)

Computerized analysis of abnormal asymmetry in digital chest radiographs: evaluation of potential utility. (3/3575)

Brightness alters Heidelberg retinal flowmeter measurements in an in vitro model. (4/3575)

Improved methods using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to detect tumour cells. (5/3575)

Extensive cross-contamination of specimens with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a reference laboratory. (6/3575)

Introduction of appendiceal CT: impact on negative appendectomy and appendiceal perforation rates. (7/3575)

Comparison of standard and CA-125 response criteria in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer treated with platinum or paclitaxel. (8/3575)

False Positive Reactions

Treponema Immobilization Test

Syphilis Serodiagnosis

Syphilis

Latex Fixation Tests

Patch Tests

False Negative Reactions

Sensitivity and Specificity

Skin Tests

Cross Reactions

Complement Fixation Tests

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Immunoenzyme Techniques

Agglutination Tests

Evaluation Studies as Topic

Algorithms

Reproducibility of Results

Serologic Tests

Immunohistochemistry

Fluorescent Antibody Technique

Bacteriological Techniques

Histocytochemistry

Sparganum

Antigens, Helminth

Hemagglutination Tests

Dermatitis, Occupational

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Reagent Kits, Diagnostic

Immune Sera

Dermatitis, Photoallergic

Predictive Value of Tests

Drug Monitoring

Tuberculin

Tuberculin Test

Universal Precautions

BCG Vaccine

Practice Guidelines as Topic

Tuberculosis

Clonazepam

Disulfiram

Carbamazepine

Diphenhydramine

Clindamycin

Citrus paradisi

Sulfones

Taeniasis

Taenia

Echinococcosis

Echinococcosis, Hepatic

Echinococcus

Echinococcosis, Pulmonary

Taenia solium

Rational sequence of tests for pancreatic function. (1/3575)

Defining and analysing symptom palliation in cancer clinical trials: a deceptively difficult exercise. (2/3575)

Computerized analysis of abnormal asymmetry in digital chest radiographs: evaluation of potential utility. (3/3575)

Brightness alters Heidelberg retinal flowmeter measurements in an in vitro model. (4/3575)

Improved methods using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to detect tumour cells. (5/3575)

Extensive cross-contamination of specimens with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a reference laboratory. (6/3575)

Introduction of appendiceal CT: impact on negative appendectomy and appendiceal perforation rates. (7/3575)

Comparison of standard and CA-125 response criteria in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer treated with platinum or paclitaxel. (8/3575)

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False positive results

How common is it for Hep B test to show false positive results?

Prenatal Non-invasive Aneuploidy Test Utilizing SNPs Trial - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov

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