Factitious Disorders

Malingering

Munchausen15

• Factitious disorder imposed on self (also called Munchausen syndrome) was for some time the umbrella term for all such disorders. (wikipedia.org)
• Factitious disorder imposed on another (also called Munchausen syndrome by proxy, Munchausen by proxy, or factitious disorder by proxy) is a condition in which a person deliberately produces, feigns, or exaggerates the symptoms of someone in their care. (wikipedia.org)
• citation needed] The DSM-5 differentiates among two types: Factitious disorder imposed on self (Munchausen syndrome) Factitious disorder imposed on another (Munchausen syndrome by proxy), defined as: When an individual falsifies illness in another, whether that be a child, pet, or older adult. (wikipedia.org)
• Factitious disorder imposed on self, previously called Munchausen syndrome, or factitious disorder with predominantly physical signs and symptoms, has specified symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
• Factitious disorder imposed on another, previously Munchausen syndrome by proxy, is the involuntary use of another individual to play the patient role. (wikipedia.org)
• This disorder used to be called factitious disorder by proxy or Munchausen syndrome by proxy. (msdmanuals.com)
• Factitious disorder symptoms can range from mild (slight exaggeration of symptoms) to severe (previously called Munchausen syndrome). (mayoclinic.org)
• Factitious disorder imposed on another (previously called Munchausen syndrome by proxy) is when someone falsely claims that another person has physical or psychological signs or symptoms of illness, or causes injury or disease in another person with the intention of deceiving others. (mayoclinic.org)
• Factitious disorder and Munchausen syndrome must be distinguished from certain related types of clinical psychiatric problems. (medscape.com)
• Factitious disorder, also known as Munchausen syndrome, is a psychiatric condition characterized by the deliberate fabrication or exaggeration of physical or psychological symptoms. (thoughtflipper.com)
• Factitious disorder imposed on self was previously called Munchausen syndrome, particularly when manifestations were dramatic and severe. (msdmanuals.com)
• Psychological Treatment of Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another/Munchausen by Proxy Abuse. (qxmd.com)
• Unfortunately, these changes are not only positive: researchers have found a new syndrome named 'virtual factitious disorder' or 'Munchausen by internet' [32] . (researchgate.net)
• Cases of Munchausen by Internet (as opposed to MSBP or Factitious Disorder imposed on another (FDIA) by Internet) were increasingly identified by online users in support groups for eating disorders, cancers and pregnancy, and have attracted the interest of researchers with roughly 24 case studies being reported in the literature (Lawlor 2018, 4). (researchgate.net)
• Munchausen syndrome (also known as factitious disorder) is a rare type of mental disorder in which a person fakes illness. (datalounge.com)

Symptoms42

• A factitious disorder is a mental disorder in which a person, without a malingering motive, acts as if they have an illness by deliberately producing, feigning, or exaggerating symptoms, purely to attain (for themselves or for another) a patient's role. (wikipedia.org)
• People with a factitious disorder may produce symptoms by contaminating urine samples, taking hallucinogens, injecting fecal material to produce abscesses, and similar behaviour. (wikipedia.org)
• The causality cannot be known about whether one disorder causes the other, but it can be deduced that these diagnoses share similar etiologies and some overlapping symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
• Criteria for diagnosis include intentionally fabricating to produce physical or psychological signs or symptoms and the absence of any other mental disorder. (wikipedia.org)
• Factitious Disorder, where individuals feign or produce symptoms intentionally, poses unique challenges for diagnosis and management. (psychiatrist.com)
• Factitious disorder imposed on self refers to the psychiatric condition in which patients deliberately produce or falsify symptoms and/or signs of illness in themselves for the principle purpose of achieving emotional gratification. (medscape.com)
• Factitious disorder imposed on another is falsifying or producing symptoms of a physical or psychologic disorder in another person. (msdmanuals.com)
• Overview of Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders Somatic symptom and related disorders are mental health disorders characterized by an intense focus on physical (somatic) symptoms that causes significant distress and/or interferes with daily. (msdmanuals.com)
• Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self Factitious disorder is pretending to have or producing physical or psychologic symptoms for no apparent external reason. (msdmanuals.com)
• Factitious disorder is a mental condition in which an individual behaves as if they have a medical or psychological disorder when the symptoms are the result of their own creation. (depressionals.com)
• I know factitious disorder is mental illness but what I don't understand is why they fake medical and psychological symptoms? (psychological-evaluations.com)
• Although people with factitious disorder know they are causing their symptoms or illnesses, they may not understand the reasons for their behaviors or recognize themselves as having a problem. (mayoclinic.org)
• Factitious disorder symptoms involve mimicking or producing illness or injury or exaggerating symptoms or impairment to deceive others. (mayoclinic.org)
• People with the disorder go to great lengths to hide their deception, so it may be difficult to realize that their symptoms are actually part of a serious mental health disorder. (mayoclinic.org)
• Because people with factitious disorder become experts at faking symptoms and diseases or inflicting real injuries upon themselves, it may be hard for health care professionals and loved ones to know if illnesses are real or not. (mayoclinic.org)
• In these disorders, the symptoms of illness are not produced intentionally, and the motivation for illness is unconscious, whereas in factitious disorder, symptoms are produced intentionally but for reasons that may be unconscious. (medscape.com)
• This disorder involves individuals intentionally feigning or exaggerating symptoms of illness in order to assume the role of a patient. (thoughtflipper.com)
• This disorder is different from malingering, where individuals fake symptoms for external gain, such as financial compensation or avoiding legal consequences. (thoughtflipper.com)
• 1. Factitious disorder imposed on self: This is the most common form of factitious disorder, where individuals intentionally induce or exaggerate symptoms in themselves. (thoughtflipper.com)
• 2. Factitious disorder imposed on another: In this subtype, individuals intentionally cause illness or symptoms in another person, often a child or vulnerable adult under their care. (thoughtflipper.com)
• 3. Factitious disorder imposed on both self and another: This subtype involves individuals who simultaneously fake symptoms in themselves and another person. (thoughtflipper.com)
• The Physical symptoms of Somatoform disorders, which have no known physiological explanation and are not under voluntary control, are thought to be linked to Psychological factors, presumably anxiety , and are therefore assumed to be Psychologically caused. (shareyrheart.com)
• The diagnoses turned out to be factitious Disorder imposed on another, where the parent was responsible for the child's symptoms. (shareyrheart.com)
• Disorders characterized by somatization extend in a continuum from those in which symptoms develop unconsciously. (msdmanuals.com)
• Nevertheless, the disorder is a psychiatric issue, is more complex than simple dishonest simulation of symptoms, and is associated with severe emotional difficulties. (msdmanuals.com)
• Patients with factitious disorder imposed on self may complain of or simulate physical symptoms that suggest certain disorders (eg, abdominal pain suggesting an acute surgical abdomen, hematemesis). (msdmanuals.com)
• Patients often know many associated symptoms and features of the disorder that they are feigning (eg, that pain from a myocardial infarction may radiate to the left arm or jaw or be accompanied by diaphoresis). (msdmanuals.com)
• Diagnosis of factitious disorder imposed on self is based on history and examination, along with any tests necessary to exclude physical disorders and demonstration of exaggeration, fabrication, simulation, and/or induction of physical symptoms. (msdmanuals.com)
• Factitious disorder involves the deliberate production or feigning of physical or psychological symptoms without any external incentives. (ridm.net)
• Malingering involves intentional exaggeration or feigning of symptoms for personal gain, while Factitious Disorder involves intentional production or feigning of symptoms without any external incentives. (ridm.net)
• Red flags for Factitious Disorder include discrepancies in patient history, frequent hospitalizations with unexplained symptoms, resistance to diagnostic procedures, and knowledge of medical terminology that is inconsistent with the individual's background. (ridm.net)
• Anxiety Disorders are genuine mental health conditions that cause distress and impairment, whereas Malingering and Factitious Disorders involve intentional deception or exaggeration of symptoms for personal gain. (ridm.net)
• Anxiety Disorders can be diagnosed through a comprehensive evaluation conducted by a mental health professional, which may include interviews, questionnaires, and assessment of symptoms and their impact on daily life. (ridm.net)
• Factitious Disorders are mental health conditions where individuals intentionally mimic or fabricate physical or psychological symptoms without any apparent external motivation. (ridm.net)
• While both Factitious Disorders and Malingering involve the fabrication of symptoms, Factitious Disorders are typically driven by internal motivations, while Malingering is driven by external incentives. (ridm.net)
• Treatment for Factitious Disorders usually involves psychotherapy to address underlying psychological issues that contribute to the fabrication of symptoms. (ridm.net)
• Symptoms are exclusively a function of somatoform disorder, factitious disorder, or malingering. (medscape.com)
• Symptoms are secondary to other psychiatric etiologies such as depressive disorder or anxiety disorders. (medscape.com)
• there is also evidence that people could experience negative effects and consequences as a result of the use of social media, such as the emergence of new disorders related to the online world (e.g., [32] ) or the worsening of previously existing conditions (e.g., [39]), such as OCD symptoms. (researchgate.net)
• Factitious hyperthyroidism is higher-than-normal thyroid hormone levels in the blood and symptoms that suggest hyperthyroidism. (medlineplus.gov)
• FD may present as a physical condition, a psychological disorder, or maybe both depending on the prominent symptoms. (bvsalud.org)
• Factitious disorder imposed on another (FDIA) describes a condition in which an individual intentionally feigns physical or psychological signs or symptoms in another person with the intention of deceiving medical providers. (bvsalud.org)

Case of factitious disorder1

• Each particular case of factitious disorder presents itself differently and is derived from various etiologies. (wikipedia.org)

Aspects of Factitious Disorder1

• In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the various aspects of factitious disorder and its impact on medical professionals. (thoughtflipper.com)

Illness11

• Malingering differs fundamentally from factitious disorders in that the malingerer simulates illness intending to obtain a material benefit or avoid an obligation or responsibility. (wikipedia.org)
• Those with factitious disorder are also more likely to have experienced a severe illness in childhood, with the early exposure to healthcare being a major contributor to the onset of the disorder. (wikipedia.org)
• Factitious disorder is a form of feigned illness in which the patient provides false information and behaves deceptively but has no other incentive for the behavior other than to be a patient and experience the sick role. (psychiatrist.com)
• The article also discusses the differentiation of factitious disorders from malingering and other forms of abnormal illness behavior, such as conversion, hypochondriasis, and somatization disorders. (jaapl.org)
• Even if factitious disorder occurred only once per 10,000 patients (a frequency that is probably an underestimate), it would still be more prevalent than some of the exceptionally rare disorders that a physician might consider before entertaining the possibility that the patient is feigning illness. (medscape.com)
• Other related conditions from which factitious disorder must be distinguished are somatic symptom and related disorders, particularly illness anxiety disorder. (medscape.com)
• In illness anxiety disorder, the patient presents with anxiety, and either no physical signs are present and objective test findings are within normal limits or a medically insignificant sign is noted (eg, discoloration of the skin). (medscape.com)
• Individuals with factitious disorder go to great lengths to deceive medical professionals, often undergoing unnecessary medical procedures or interventions to maintain the illusion of illness. (thoughtflipper.com)
• MSBP is a mental illness that's also sometimes called medical child abuse or factitious disorder imposed on others. (freerepublic.com)
• The increase in cases of gender dysphoria and families with multiple transgender children have led some medical and mental health professionals to suspect psychological illness, such as narcissistic personality disorder, is involved. (theepochtimes.com)
• Chronic psychiatric illness such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a major public health problem among current and former military service members, especially those who have served in combat. (cdc.gov)

Conversion disorder8

• [ 12 ] Systematic reviews on this subject found the frequency of this finding at 21% among those with a conversion disorder and 29% among those with organic disease. (medscape.com)
• The DSM-5 lists strict criteria for diagnosing conversion disorder. (medscape.com)
• It is important to remember that the diagnosis of conversion disorder is made based on the overall clinical picture and not a single clinical finding. (medscape.com)
• The psychiatric assessment can differentiate conversion disorder from other somatoform disorders, factitious disorder, and malingering, and can elucidate the psychodynamics that are important in treatment. (medscape.com)
• The neurologist and psychiatrist are thus prepared to diagnose conversion disorder best when working in concert. (medscape.com)
• 1 And within psychiatry there is a similar hierarchy such that patients with 'hysteria' or conversion disorder (CD) are those found to be least satisfying to treat and are least liked by psychiatrists-the feeling is mutual of course. (bmj.com)
• Most cases fall in the psychiatric diagnostic category of conversion disorder, also referred to as functional neurological symptom disorder. (orpha.net)
• Underlying causes for PMD fall into three categories: Conversion disorder (also referred to as functional neurological symptom disorder), somatic symptom disorders, or, in rare cases, factitious disorder, and malingering. (orpha.net)

Malingering2

• How are Malingering and Factitious Disorders different? (ridm.net)
• How do Anxiety Disorders differ from Malingering and Factitious Disorders? (ridm.net)

Obsessive-Compulsi2

• Obsessive-compulsive disorder. (appi.org)
• Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Types and Social Media: Are Social Media Important and Impactful for OCD People? (researchgate.net)

Psychological1

• In Somatoform disorders Psychological problems take a physical form. (shareyrheart.com)

Diagnosis6

• Read this CME article to learn more about the warning signs, differential diagnosis, and management of factitious disorder. (psychiatrist.com)
• Read the case of a patient with hypertensive crisis who underwent extensive workup before receiving a diagnosis of factitious disorder. (psychiatrist.com)
• Laboratory studies can be especially helpful in facilitating the diagnosis of many physical illnesses as factitious. (medscape.com)
• Factitious disorder appears in the differential diagnosis for many illnesses. (medscape.com)
• If this procedure were followed, factitious disorder would probably emerge as the third to fifth most likely diagnosis in such cases. (medscape.com)
• Prenatal diagnosis does not exist for this disorder. (orpha.net)

Major Depressi1

• What is Depression / Major Depressive Disorder? (ausmed.com.au)

Symptom disorders1

• Somatic symptom disorders, though also diagnoses of exclusion, are characterized by physical complaints that are not produced intentionally. (wikipedia.org)

Post-Traumati1

• Studies on survivors of sexual abuse and those with post-traumatic stress disorder suggest they have elevated levels of stress hormones, as do students at exam time. (psychcentral.com)

Diagnoses1

• Cases abound in which doctors have bypassed consideration of factitious disorder as they repeatedly performed more tests, further medication trials, and additional surgeries or applied literally novel diagnoses. (medscape.com)

Patients11

• Six patients who screened positive for alcohol use disorder (AUD) received semaglutide for. (psychiatrist.com)
• The initial presentation of patients with factitious disorder always suggests a medical or psychiatric problem, exhibiting features compatible with the ailment being feigned or produced. (medscape.com)
• Medical professionals play a crucial role in diagnosing and treating factitious disorder, but they can also be greatly affected by the challenges and ethical dilemmas that arise when dealing with these patients. (thoughtflipper.com)
• Factitious disorder poses unique challenges for medical professionals, who are tasked with diagnosing and treating patients while navigating the complexities of this disorder. (thoughtflipper.com)
• Caring for patients with factitious disorder can be emotionally draining for medical professionals. (thoughtflipper.com)
• Medical professionals often face ethical dilemmas when dealing with patients with factitious disorder. (thoughtflipper.com)
• 1. Providing appropriate treatment: Determining the appropriate level of medical intervention for patients with factitious disorder can be complex. (thoughtflipper.com)
• A history of sexual or physical abuse is not uncommon and can be seen in as many as one third to one half of patients with dissociative disorder, respectively. (medscape.com)
• These patients pretend to have online disorders to gain attention, gather sympathy, display anger, or control others with different motivations and consciousness [33]. (researchgate.net)
• Background Patients with functional motor disorder (FMD) including weakness and paralysis are commonly referred to physiotherapists. (bmj.com)
• At tertiary care centers, 2-4% of movement disorders patients are diagnosed with PMD. (orpha.net)

Eating Disorders1

• Practitioners in clinical and research settings alike have already found ChIPS indispensable in screening for conditions such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, substance abuse, phobias, anxiety disorders, stress disorders, eating disorders, mood disorders, elimination disorders, and schizophrenia. (appi.org)

Proxy4

• In either case, the perpetrator's motive is to perpetrate factitious disorders, either as a patient or by proxy as a caregiver, in order to attain (for themselves or for another) a patient's role. (wikipedia.org)
• This population-based study evaluates the prevalence of factitious disorders, Münchausen syndrome, and Münchausen syndrome by proxy in a clinical setting. (nih.gov)
• The epidemiological data obtained in this population-based study indicate that the prevalence of factitious disorders, Münchausen syndrome, and Münchausen syndrome by proxy is higher than previously observed. (nih.gov)
• Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another (FDIA), termed a psychiatric "Factitious disorder by proxy", compels individuals to solicit unnecessary medical interventions or commit medical abuses on another, almost always a child in their care. (researchgate.net)

Psychiatrists2

• Our expert editors curate content that sheds light on the complexities of Factitious Disorder, ensuring psychiatrists are equipped to navigate the challenges it presents. (psychiatrist.com)
• Psychiatrists and other physicians are usually familiar with factitious disorders, but attorneys and judges usually are not. (jaapl.org)

Psychiatric Disorders1

• 1 , 2 A movement disorder, 1 , 2 catatonia occurs with general medical conditions and psychiatric disorders ( Table 1 ). (mhaus.org)

Individuals6

• Individuals diagnosed with this disorder are more likely to have a history of emotional or physical abuse, neglect, and/or turbulent childhoods. (wikipedia.org)
• 1. Childhood trauma: Many individuals with factitious disorder have a history of childhood abuse or neglect. (thoughtflipper.com)
• 3. Medical profession exposure: Some individuals with factitious disorder have a background in healthcare or have close relationships with medical professionals. (thoughtflipper.com)
• Diagnosing factitious disorder can be extremely challenging, as individuals with this disorder are skilled at deceiving medical professionals. (thoughtflipper.com)
• Individuals with this disorder assume a sick role to gain attention or sympathy. (ridm.net)
• While it is uncommon, individuals may present with both genuine chronic pain conditions and a Factitious Disorder. (ridm.net)

Borderline3

• There is a significant correlation found between the comorbidity of factitious disorder and personality disorders, specifically borderline personality disorder. (wikipedia.org)
• The cause is unknown, although stress and a severe personality disorder, most often borderline personality disorder, are often implicated. (msdmanuals.com)
• Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) Borderline personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of instability and hypersensitivity in interpersonal relationships, instability in self-image, extreme mood fluctuations. (msdmanuals.com)

Diagnostic3

• When routine examination and testing fail to confirm any of the most obvious diagnostic possibilities, factitious disorder should be excluded. (medscape.com)
• Women who file factitious sexual harassment cases usually voice their allegations in a very convincing manner and, in the presence of contradictory findings, present a diagnostic challenge. (nih.gov)
• Many of these veterans have met screening or diagnostic criteria for PTSD (20%-39%), often co-occurring with depression, anxiety, substance use disorders, and chronic pain (7,8). (cdc.gov)

Depressive2

• Depressive disorders are also often diagnosed concurrently with factitious disorder. (wikipedia.org)
• Lithium is used in the treatment of both manic and depressive phases of bipolar disorder, as well as in unipolar depressive disorder to prevent future depressive episodes. (medscape.com)

Posttraumatic Stress D1

• The Marine Resiliency Study (MRS) is a prospective study of factors predictive of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among approximately 2,600 Marines in 4 battalions deployed to Iraq or Afghanistan. (cdc.gov)

Imposed on self1

• In contrast, a person with factitious disorder imposed on self will actively attempt to maintain the sick role and will willingly undergo as much testing and treatment as possible. (medscape.com)

Possibility2

• If an individual did not form a healthy attachment to a caregiver as a child, there is a possibility that the person may develop factitious disorder in order to fulfill the need of receiving care. (wikipedia.org)
• Helpful procedures to assess the possibility of Factitious disorder imposed on another include a trial separation of the mother and the child or video surveillance of the child while in the hospital. (shareyrheart.com)

Personality6

• The cause is unknown, but stress and a severe personality disorder may. (msdmanuals.com)
• 2. Personality traits: Certain personality traits, such as a strong need for control, a tendency to seek attention, or a desire to assume the sick role, may increase the risk of developing factitious disorder. (thoughtflipper.com)
• It may be a sign of an underlying mental health condition, such as a personality disorder . (medicalnewstoday.com)
• For instance, compulsive lying is a feature of several other conditions, such as factitious disorder and personality disorders. (medicalnewstoday.com)
• These personality disorders can lead to significant challenges with interpersonal relationships. (medicalnewstoday.com)
• Dr. Li now, in some cases, sees another force at work-parents with personality disorders. (theepochtimes.com)

Anxiety disorders5

• What are Anxiety Disorders? (ridm.net)
• Anxiety Disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by excessive and persistent worry, fear, or unease. (ridm.net)
• What are some common types of Anxiety Disorders? (ridm.net)
• Common types of Anxiety Disorders include Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Panic Disorder, Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD), and Specific Phobias. (ridm.net)
• How can Anxiety Disorders be diagnosed? (ridm.net)

Prevalence1

• The exact prevalence of psychogenic movement disorders (PMD) is unknown. (orpha.net)

Mental6

• Factitious disorder is a serious mental disorder in which someone deceives others by appearing sick, by purposely getting sick or by self-injury. (mayoclinic.org)
• Accordingly, it must be distinguished from a true or real general medical condition or mental disorder, including those that are (1) due to accident or chance, (2) due to noncompliance with treatment, (3) iatrogenic, or (4) the result of attempted suicide, homicide, or self-mutilation. (medscape.com)
• Though not an official mental disorder, it can sometimes be a focus of clinical attention. (medscape.com)
• The symptom or deficit is not better explained by another medical or mental disorder. (medscape.com)
• Background: Factitious disorder (FD) is an under-recognized and under-diagnosed mental condition. (bvsalud.org)
• The aim is to study the attitudes of the general population towards SMP, determining whether there are differences according to variables, as well as attachment, family structure, levels of anxiety, and the degree of contact with people diagnosed with mental disorders. (bvsalud.org)