Facial nerve. Medical search

The 7th cranial nerve. The facial nerve has two parts, the larger motor root which may be called the facial nerve proper, and the smaller intermediate or sensory root. Together they provide efferent innervation to the muscles of facial expression and to the lacrimal and SALIVARY GLANDS, and convey afferent information for TASTE from the anterior two-thirds of the TONGUE and for TOUCH from the EXTERNAL EAR.

Diseases of the facial nerve or nuclei. Pontine disorders may affect the facial nuclei or nerve fascicle. The nerve may be involved intracranially, along its course through the petrous portion of the temporal bone, or along its extracranial course. Clinical manifestations include facial muscle weakness, loss of taste from the anterior tongue, hyperacusis, and decreased lacrimation.

Traumatic injuries to the facial nerve. This may result in FACIAL PARALYSIS, decreased lacrimation and salivation, and loss of taste sensation in the anterior tongue. The nerve may regenerate and reform its original pattern of innervation, or regenerate aberrantly, resulting in inappropriate lacrimation in response to gustatory stimuli (e.g., "crocodile tears") and other syndromes.

Severe or complete loss of facial muscle motor function. This condition may result from central or peripheral lesions. Damage to CNS motor pathways from the cerebral cortex to the facial nuclei in the pons leads to facial weakness that generally spares the forehead muscles. FACIAL NERVE DISEASES generally results in generalized hemifacial weakness. NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION DISEASES and MUSCULAR DISEASES may also cause facial paralysis or paresis.

Muscles of facial expression or mimetic muscles that include the numerous muscles supplied by the facial nerve that are attached to and move the skin of the face. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

Benign and malignant neoplasms that arise from one or more of the twelve cranial nerves.

A benign SCHWANNOMA of the eighth cranial nerve (VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE), mostly arising from the vestibular branch (VESTIBULAR NERVE) during the fifth or sixth decade of life. Clinical manifestations include HEARING LOSS; HEADACHE; VERTIGO; TINNITUS; and FACIAL PAIN. Bilateral acoustic neuromas are associated with NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p673)

Observable changes of expression in the face in response to emotional stimuli.

The posterior part of the temporal bone. It is a projection of the petrous bone.

Either of a pair of compound bones forming the lateral (left and right) surfaces and base of the skull which contains the organs of hearing. It is a large bone formed by the fusion of parts: the squamous (the flattened anterior-superior part), the tympanic (the curved anterior-inferior part), the mastoid (the irregular posterior portion), and the petrous (the part at the base of the skull).

A syndrome characterized by the acute onset of unilateral FACIAL PARALYSIS which progresses over a 2-5 day period. Weakness of the orbicularis oculi muscle and resulting incomplete eye closure may be associated with corneal injury. Pain behind the ear often precedes the onset of paralysis. This condition may be associated with HERPESVIRUS 1, HUMAN infection of the facial nerve. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1376)

Recurrent clonic contraction of facial muscles, restricted to one side. It may occur as a manifestation of compressive lesions involving the seventh cranial nerve (FACIAL NERVE DISEASES), during recovery from BELL PALSY, or in association with other disorders. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1378)

Surgery performed on the external, middle, or internal ear.

A nerve which originates in the lumbar and sacral spinal cord (L4 to S3) and supplies motor and sensory innervation to the lower extremity. The sciatic nerve, which is the main continuation of the sacral plexus, is the largest nerve in the body. It has two major branches, the TIBIAL NERVE and the PERONEAL NERVE.

Tumors or cancer of the PAROTID GLAND.

Renewal or physiological repair of damaged nerve tissue.

The nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord, including the autonomic, cranial, and spinal nerves. Peripheral nerves contain non-neuronal cells and connective tissue as well as axons. The connective tissue layers include, from the outside to the inside, the epineurium, the perineurium, and the endoneurium.

The facial skeleton, consisting of bones situated between the cranial base and the mandibular region. While some consider the facial bones to comprise the hyoid (HYOID BONE), palatine (HARD PALATE), and zygomatic (ZYGOMA) bones, MANDIBLE, and MAXILLA, others include also the lacrimal and nasal bones, inferior nasal concha, and vomer but exclude the hyoid bone. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p113)

A neoplasm that arises from SCHWANN CELLS of the cranial, peripheral, and autonomic nerves. Clinically, these tumors may present as a cranial neuropathy, abdominal or soft tissue mass, intracranial lesion, or with spinal cord compression. Histologically, these tumors are encapsulated, highly vascular, and composed of a homogenous pattern of biphasic fusiform-shaped cells that may have a palisaded appearance. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp964-5)

The anterior portion of the head that includes the skin, muscles, and structures of the forehead, eyes, nose, mouth, cheeks, and jaw.

Congenital or acquired asymmetry of the face.

Slender processes of NEURONS, including the AXONS and their glial envelopes (MYELIN SHEATH). Nerve fibers conduct nerve impulses to and from the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

General or unspecified injuries to the soft tissue or bony portions of the face.

Junction between the cerebellum and the pons.

Twelve pairs of nerves that carry general afferent, visceral afferent, special afferent, somatic efferent, and autonomic efferent fibers.

The 2nd cranial nerve which conveys visual information from the RETINA to the brain. The nerve carries the axons of the RETINAL GANGLION CELLS which sort at the OPTIC CHIASM and continue via the OPTIC TRACTS to the brain. The largest projection is to the lateral geniculate nuclei; other targets include the SUPERIOR COLLICULI and the SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEI. Though known as the second cranial nerve, it is considered part of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Transection or severing of an axon. This type of denervation is used often in experimental studies on neuronal physiology and neuronal death or survival, toward an understanding of nervous system disease.

The 5th and largest cranial nerve. The trigeminal nerve is a mixed motor and sensory nerve. The larger sensory part forms the ophthalmic, mandibular, and maxillary nerves which carry afferents sensitive to external or internal stimuli from the skin, muscles, and joints of the face and mouth and from the teeth. Most of these fibers originate from cells of the TRIGEMINAL GANGLION and project to the TRIGEMINAL NUCLEUS of the brain stem. The smaller motor part arises from the brain stem trigeminal motor nucleus and innervates the muscles of mastication.

Mechanical compression of nerves or nerve roots from internal or external causes. These may result in a conduction block to nerve impulses (due to MYELIN SHEATH dysfunction) or axonal loss. The nerve and nerve sheath injuries may be caused by ISCHEMIA; INFLAMMATION; or a direct mechanical effect.

Surgical reinnervation of a denervated peripheral target using a healthy donor nerve and/or its proximal stump. The direct connection is usually made to a healthy postlesional distal portion of a non-functioning nerve or implanted directly into denervated muscle or insensitive skin. Nerve sprouts will grow from the transferred nerve into the denervated elements and establish contact between them and the neurons that formerly controlled another area.

The largest of the three pairs of SALIVARY GLANDS. They lie on the sides of the FACE immediately below and in front of the EAR.

A branch of the trigeminal (5th cranial) nerve. The mandibular nerve carries motor fibers to the muscles of mastication and sensory fibers to the teeth and gingivae, the face in the region of the mandible, and parts of the dura.

Each of the upper and lower folds of SKIN which cover the EYE when closed.

A syndrome of congenital facial paralysis, frequently associated with abducens palsy and other congenital abnormalities including lingual palsy, clubfeet, brachial disorders, cognitive deficits, and pectoral muscle defects. Pathologic findings are variable and include brain stem nuclear aplasia, facial nerve aplasia, and facial muscle aplasia, consistent with a multifactorial etiology. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1020)

The 8th cranial nerve. The vestibulocochlear nerve has a cochlear part (COCHLEAR NERVE) which is concerned with hearing and a vestibular part (VESTIBULAR NERVE) which mediates the sense of balance and head position. The fibers of the cochlear nerve originate from neurons of the SPIRAL GANGLION and project to the cochlear nuclei (COCHLEAR NUCLEUS). The fibers of the vestibular nerve arise from neurons of Scarpa's ganglion and project to the VESTIBULAR NUCLEI.

A syndrome characterized by facial palsy in association with a herpetic eruption of the external auditory meatus. This may occasionally be associated with tinnitus, vertigo, deafness, severe otalgia, and inflammation of the pinna. The condition is caused by reactivation of a latent HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN infection which causes inflammation of the facial and vestibular nerves, and may occasionally involve additional cranial nerves. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p757)

The space and structures directly internal to the TYMPANIC MEMBRANE and external to the inner ear (LABYRINTH). Its major components include the AUDITORY OSSICLES and the EUSTACHIAN TUBE that connects the cavity of middle ear (tympanic cavity) to the upper part of the throat.

Interruption of NEURAL CONDUCTION in peripheral nerves or nerve trunks by the injection of a local anesthetic agent (e.g., LIDOCAINE; PHENOL; BOTULINUM TOXINS) to manage or treat pain.

The sensory ganglion of the facial (7th cranial) nerve. The geniculate ganglion cells send central processes to the brain stem and peripheral processes to the taste buds in the anterior tongue, the soft palate, and the skin of the external auditory meatus and the mastoid process.

A general term indicating inflammation of a peripheral or cranial nerve. Clinical manifestation may include PAIN; PARESTHESIAS; PARESIS; or HYPESTHESIA.

Branch-like terminations of NERVE FIBERS, sensory or motor NEURONS. Endings of sensory neurons are the beginnings of afferent pathway to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Endings of motor neurons are the terminals of axons at the muscle cells. Nerve endings which release neurotransmitters are called PRESYNAPTIC TERMINALS.

Fractures of the skull which may result from penetrating or nonpenetrating head injuries or rarely BONE DISEASES (see also FRACTURES, SPONTANEOUS). Skull fractures may be classified by location (e.g., SKULL FRACTURE, BASILAR), radiographic appearance (e.g., linear), or based upon cranial integrity (e.g., SKULL FRACTURE, DEPRESSED).

A branch of the tibial nerve which supplies sensory innervation to parts of the lower leg and foot.

Neurons which activate MUSCLE CELLS.

Pain in the facial region including orofacial pain and craniofacial pain. Associated conditions include local inflammatory and neoplastic disorders and neuralgic syndromes involving the trigeminal, facial, and glossopharyngeal nerves. Conditions which feature recurrent or persistent facial pain as the primary manifestation of disease are referred to as FACIAL PAIN SYNDROMES.

A major nerve of the upper extremity. In humans, the fibers of the median nerve originate in the lower cervical and upper thoracic spinal cord (usually C6 to T1), travel via the brachial plexus, and supply sensory and motor innervation to parts of the forearm and hand.

Brief closing of the eyelids by involuntary normal periodic closing, as a protective measure, or by voluntary action.

An involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles. Spasms may involve SKELETAL MUSCLE or SMOOTH MUSCLE.

Treatment of muscles and nerves under pressure as a result of crush injuries.

The 9th cranial nerve. The glossopharyngeal nerve is a mixed motor and sensory nerve; it conveys somatic and autonomic efferents as well as general, special, and visceral afferents. Among the connections are motor fibers to the stylopharyngeus muscle, parasympathetic fibers to the parotid glands, general and taste afferents from the posterior third of the tongue, the nasopharynx, and the palate, and afferents from baroreceptors and CHEMORECEPTOR CELLS of the carotid sinus.

The narrow passage way that conducts the sound collected by the EAR AURICLE to the TYMPANIC MEMBRANE.

Injuries to the PERIPHERAL NERVES.

The medial terminal branch of the sciatic nerve. The tibial nerve fibers originate in lumbar and sacral spinal segments (L4 to S2). They supply motor and sensory innervation to parts of the calf and foot.

A major nerve of the upper extremity. In humans, the fibers of the ulnar nerve originate in the lower cervical and upper thoracic spinal cord (usually C7 to T1), travel via the medial cord of the brachial plexus, and supply sensory and motor innervation to parts of the hand and forearm.

Fixation and immobility of a joint.

The 11th cranial nerve which originates from NEURONS in the MEDULLA and in the CERVICAL SPINAL CORD. It has a cranial root, which joins the VAGUS NERVE (10th cranial) and sends motor fibers to the muscles of the LARYNX, and a spinal root, which sends motor fibers to the TRAPEZIUS and the sternocleidomastoid muscles.

A sensory branch of the MANDIBULAR NERVE, which is part of the trigeminal (5th cranial) nerve. The lingual nerve carries general afferent fibers from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, the floor of the mouth, and the mandibular gingivae.

The propagation of the NERVE IMPULSE along the nerve away from the site of an excitation stimulus.

A nerve originating in the lumbar spinal cord (usually L2 to L4) and traveling through the lumbar plexus to provide motor innervation to extensors of the thigh and sensory innervation to parts of the thigh, lower leg, and foot, and to the hip and knee joints.

The 31 paired peripheral nerves formed by the union of the dorsal and ventral spinal roots from each spinal cord segment. The spinal nerve plexuses and the spinal roots are also included.

Nerve fibers that are capable of rapidly conducting impulses away from the neuron cell body.

Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.

Excessive winking; tonic or clonic spasm of the orbicularis oculi muscle.

Disorders of one or more of the twelve cranial nerves. With the exception of the optic and olfactory nerves, this includes disorders of the brain stem nuclei from which the cranial nerves originate or terminate.

A surgical operation for the relief of pressure in a body compartment or on a body part. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Factors which enhance the growth potentialities of sensory and sympathetic nerve cells.

NERVE GROWTH FACTOR is the first of a series of neurotrophic factors that were found to influence the growth and differentiation of sympathetic and sensory neurons. It is comprised of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits. The beta subunit is responsible for its growth stimulating activity.

The infratentorial compartment that contains the CEREBELLUM and BRAIN STEM. It is formed by the posterior third of the superior surface of the body of the sphenoid (SPHENOID BONE), by the occipital, the petrous, and mastoid portions of the TEMPORAL BONE, and the posterior inferior angle of the PARIETAL BONE.

The 12th cranial nerve. The hypoglossal nerve originates in the hypoglossal nucleus of the medulla and supplies motor innervation to all of the muscles of the tongue except the palatoglossus (which is supplied by the vagus). This nerve also contains proprioceptive afferents from the tongue muscles.

Injuries to the lower jaw bone.

Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways.

Stiff hairs projecting from the face around the nose of most mammals, acting as touch receptors.

The motor nerve of the diaphragm. The phrenic nerve fibers originate in the cervical spinal column (mostly C4) and travel through the cervical plexus to the diaphragm.

Pathologic changes that occur in the axon and cell body of a neuron proximal to an axonal lesion. The process is characterized by central chromatolysis which features flattening and displacement of the nucleus, loss of Nissl bodies, and cellular edema. Central chromatolysis primarily occurs in lower motor neurons.

A branch of the facial (7th cranial) nerve which passes through the middle ear and continues through the petrotympanic fissure. The chorda tympani nerve carries taste sensation from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue and conveys parasympathetic efferents to the salivary glands.

A masticatory muscle whose action is closing the jaws; its posterior portion retracts the mandible.

A major nerve of the upper extremity. In humans the fibers of the radial nerve originate in the lower cervical and upper thoracic spinal cord (usually C5 to T1), travel via the posterior cord of the brachial plexus, and supply motor innervation to extensor muscles of the arm and cutaneous sensory fibers to extensor regions of the arm and hand.

Any of the ducts which transport saliva. Salivary ducts include the parotid duct, the major and minor sublingual ducts, and the submandibular duct.

The removal or interruption of some part of the parasympathetic nervous system for therapeutic or research purposes.

Recording of the changes in electric potential of muscle by means of surface or needle electrodes.

Paired bundles of NERVE FIBERS entering and leaving the SPINAL CORD at each segment. The dorsal and ventral nerve roots join to form the mixed segmental spinal nerves. The dorsal roots are generally afferent, formed by the central projections of the spinal (dorsal root) ganglia sensory cells, and the ventral roots are efferent, comprising the axons of spinal motor and PREGANGLIONIC AUTONOMIC FIBERS.

Surgical reconstruction of the hearing mechanism of the middle ear, with restoration of the drum membrane to protect the round window from sound pressure, and establishment of ossicular continuity between the tympanic membrane and the oval window. (Dorland, 28th ed.)

Surgery performed on the nervous system or its parts.

Fenestra or oval opening on the lateral wall of the vestibular labyrinth adjacent to the MIDDLE EAR. It is located above the cochlear round window and normally covered by the base of the STAPES.

A surgical specialty concerned with the study and treatment of disorders of the ear, nose, and throat.

A syndrome characterized by recurrent episodes of excruciating pain lasting several seconds or longer in the sensory distribution of the TRIGEMINAL NERVE. Pain may be initiated by stimulation of trigger points on the face, lips, or gums or by movement of facial muscles or chewing. Associated conditions include MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, vascular anomalies, ANEURYSMS, and neoplasms. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p187)

Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.

A sensory branch of the trigeminal (5th cranial) nerve. The ophthalmic nerve carries general afferents from the superficial division of the face including the eyeball, conjunctiva, upper eyelid, upper nose, nasal mucosa, and scalp.

The resection or removal of the nerve to an organ or part. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Use of electric potential or currents to elicit biological responses.

Neoplasms of the bony part of the skull.

Traumatic injuries to the HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE.

Differentiated tissue of the central nervous system composed of NERVE CELLS, fibers, DENDRITES, and specialized supporting cells.

A solute for density gradient centrifugation offering higher maximum solution density without the problems of increased viscosity. It is also used as a resorbable, non-ionic contrast medium.

INFLAMMATION of the PAROTID GLAND.

The transference between individuals of the entire face or major facial structures. In addition to the skin and cartilaginous tissue (CARTILAGE), it may include muscle and bone as well.

Electrical stimulation as a therapeutic option to improve eyelid function in chronic facial nerve disorders. (1/372)

PURPOSE: To establish whether it is possible to improve orbicularis oculi muscle function in the eyelids of patients with a chronic seventh cranial nerve palsy by using transcutaneous electrical stimulation to the point at which electrical stimulation induces a functional blink. METHODS: Ten subjects (one woman, nine men) aged 36 to 76 with chronic, moderate to severe facial nerve palsy were recruited into the study. Voluntary and spontaneous eyelid movements were assessed, using an optical measuring system, before, during, and after a 3-month treatment period. Voluntary and spontaneous lid velocities were also measured and compared with eyelid kinematic data in normal subjects (12 women, 18 men; age range, 22-56 years). RESULTS: Therapeutic electrical stimulation applied over 3 months produced improvement in eyelid movement (>2 mm) in 8 of 10 patients during voluntary eyelid closure. However, there was no significant improvement recorded in spontaneous blink amplitudes or peak downward-phase velocity of the upper eyelid. This regimen of stimulation failed to recover function well enough that a functional blink could be induced in the paretic eyelid by electrical stimulation. CONCLUSIONS: Electrical stimulation using transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulators units can improve voluntary eye closure, apparently because of a reduction in stiffness of eyelid mechanics, rather than an improvement of muscle function. Investigation of alternative stimulation regimens is warranted. (+info)

Spontaneous CSF otorrhea caused by abnormal development of the facial nerve canal. (2/372)

In two patients with surgically proved CSF fistula through the facial nerve canal, MR and CT examinations showed smooth enlargement of the geniculate fossa with CSF signal. In the clinical setting of CSF otorrhea or rhinorrhea, the presence of an enlarged labyrinthine facial nerve canal and enlarged geniculate fossa on CT scans and CSF intensity on MR images strongly suggests a CSF fistula through the facial nerve canal. (+info)

Ramsay Hunt syndrome associated with brain stem enhancement. (3/372)

Postcontrast T1-weighted MR images in a patient with Ramsay Hunt syndrome showed an enhancing lesion in the region of the nucleus of the pontine facial nerve and abnormal enhancement of the intrameatal, labyrinthine, and tympanic facial nerve segments and of the geniculate ganglion, as well as enhancement of the vestibulocochlear nerve and parts of the membranous labyrinth. This enhancement most probably resulted from a primary neuritis of the intrameatal nerve trunks of the seventh and eighth cranial nerves. (+info)

Cardiac inotropic, chronotropic, and dromotropic actions of subretrofacial neurons of cat RVLM. (4/372)

The cardiac actions of microinjecting sodium glutamate (0.5-2 nmol) among sympathetic premotor neurons of the subretrofacial nucleus in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) were studied in chloralose-anesthetized cats after bilateral vagotomy, sinoaortic denervation, adrenalectomy, and alpha1-receptor blockade. Glutamate microinjections increased heart rate by 25.9 +/- 1.8 beats/min (17. 5%), systolic rate of rise in left ventricular pressure (LVdP/dt) by 1,443 +/- 110 mmHg/s (119%), and arterial blood pressure by 26.9 +/- 1.7 mmHg (50%), whereas they shortened the electrocardiogram P-R interval in 85 of 103 cases by 7.5 +/- 1.2 ms (11.4%), triggering junctional rhythms on five occasions. The increase in LVdP/dt usually led the rise in blood pressure, and its magnitude greatly exceeded any increase attributable to changes in heart rate, diastolic filling, or afterload. Right-sided microinjections caused significantly greater tachycardias than did left-sided microinjections, but only left-sided microinjections triggered junctional rhythms (5 of 52 vs. 0 of 51; P < 0.05), whereas microinjections on either side raised LVdP/dt equally. Subretrofacial neurons thus drive positive chronotropic, inotropic, and dromotropic actions via the cardiac sympathetic nerves, whereas subsets among them preferentially control different aspects of cardiac function. (+info)

Isolated dysarthria due to extracerebellar lacunar stroke: a central monoparesis of the tongue. (5/372)

OBJECTIVES: The pathophysiology of dysarthria can preferentially be studied in patients with the rare lacunar stroke syndrome of "isolated dysarthria". METHODS: A single study was carried out on seven consecutive patients with sudden onset of isolated dysarthria due to single ischaemic lesion. The localisation of the lesion was identified using MRI. The corticolingual, cortico-orofacial, and corticospinal tract functions were investigated using transcranial magnetic stimulation. Corticopontocerebellar tract function was assessed using 99mTc hexamethylpropylene amine oxime-single photon emission computerised tomography (HMPAO-SPECT) in six patients. Sensory functions were evaluated clinically and by somatosensory evoked potentials. RESULTS: Brain MRI showed the lesions to be located in the corona radiata (n=4) and the internal capsule (n=2). No morphological lesion was identified in one patient. Corticolingual tract function was impaired in all patients. In four patients with additional cortico-orofacial tract dysfunction, dysarthria did not differ from that in patients with isolated corticolingual tract dysfunction. Corticospinal tract functions were normal in all patients. HMPAO-SPECT showed no cerebellar diaschisis, suggesting unimpaired corticopontocerebellar tract function. Sensory functions were not affected. CONCLUSION: Interruption of the corticolingual pathways to the tongue is crucial in the pathogenesis of isolated dysarthria after extracerebellar lacunar stroke. (+info)

MR imaging of Dejerine-Sottas disease. (6/372)

We report the MR findings in two patients with clinically and histologically proved Dejerine-Sottas disease. One patient had spinal involvement with multiple thickened and clumped nerve roots of the cauda equina; the second had multiple enlarged and enhancing cranial nerves. Although these findings are not specific for Dejerine-Sottas disease, they are suggestive of the diagnosis, which is further corroborated with history and confirmed with sural nerve biopsy and laboratory studies. (+info)

Hoxa2 and Hoxb2 control dorsoventral patterns of neuronal development in the rostral hindbrain. (7/372)

Little is known about how the generation of specific neuronal types at stereotypic positions within the hindbrain is linked to Hox gene-mediated patterning. Here, we show that during neurogenesis, Hox paralog group 2 genes control both anteroposterior (A-P) and dorsoventral (D-V) patterning. Hoxa2 and Hoxb2 differentially regulate, in a rhombomere-specific manner, the expression of several genes in broad D-V-restricted domains or narrower longitudinal columns of neuronal progenitors, immature neurons, and differentiating neuronal subtypes. Moreover, Hoxa2 and Hoxb2 can functionally synergize in controlling the development of ventral neuronal subtypes in rhombomere 3 (r3). Thus, in addition to their roles in A-P patterning, Hoxa2 and Hoxb2 have distinct and restricted functions along the D-V axis during neurogenesis, providing insights into how neuronal fates are assigned at stereotypic positions within the hindbrain. (+info)

Exacerbation of facial motoneuron loss after facial nerve transection in severe combined immunodeficient (scid) mice. (8/372)

The immune system functions to protect an organism against microbial infections and may be involved in the reparative response to nerve injury. The goal of this study was to determine whether the immune system plays a role in regulating motoneuron survival after a peripheral nerve injury. After a right facial nerve axotomy, facial motoneuron (FMN) survival in C.B-17 (+/+) wild-type mice was found to be 87 +/- 3.0% of the unaxotomized left side control. In contrast, facial nerve axotomy in C.B-17 (-/-) severe combined immunodeficient (scid) mice, lacking functional T and B lymphocytes, resulted in an average FMN survival of 55 +/- 3.5% relative to the unaxotomized left side control. This represented an approximately 40% decrease in FMN survival compared with wild-type controls. The reconstitution of scid mice with wild-type splenocytes containing T and B lymphocytes restored FMN survival in these mice to the level of the wild-type controls. These results suggest that immune cells associated with acquired immunity play a role in regulating motoneuron survival after a peripheral nerve injury. (+info)

... and facial nerve (yellow). Head facial nerve branches Facial nerve. Deep dissection. List of medical mnemonics This article ... The facial nerve, also known as the seventh cranial nerve, cranial nerve VII, or simply CN VII, is a cranial nerve that emerges ... Facial nerve decompression surgery is also sometimes carried out in certain cases of facial nerve compression. Voluntary facial ... abducens nerve) and anterior to cranial nerve VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve). The facial nerve also supplies preganglionic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facial_nerve

... the facial nerve can be reinnervated with techniques such as cross-facial nerve grafting, nerve transfers and end-to-end nerve ... Facial nerve paralysis is a common problem that involves the paralysis of any structures innervated by the facial nerve. The ... If nerve conduction studies show a large (>90%) change in nerve conduction, the nerve should be decompressed. The facial ... Moebius syndrome is a bilateral facial paralysis resulting from the underdevelopment of the VII cranial nerve (facial nerve), ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facial_nerve_paralysis

... is a type of nerve decompression surgery where abnormal compression on the facial nerve is relieved ... Facial nerve compression is often due to edema (swelling) of the nerve and marked vascular congestion. Reason for the facial ... Tumour of facial nerve like schwannomas and perineuromas. Other tumours that can compress facial nerve along its course like ... facial nerve Abscess and tumours of parotid gland can cause compression of motor part of the facial nerve resulting in facial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facial_nerve_decompression

In human neuroanatomy of the face, the stylohyoid branch of facial nerve frequently arises in conjunction with the digastric ... Facial nerve, All stub articles, Neuroanatomy stubs). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stylohyoid_branch_of_facial_nerve

The digastric branch of facial nerve arises close to the stylomastoid foramen, and divides into several filaments, which supply ... Facial nerve, All stub articles, Neuroanatomy stubs). ... one of these filaments joins the glossopharyngeal nerve. This ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digastric_branch_of_facial_nerve

The cervical branch of the facial nerve is a nerve in the neck. It is a branch of the facial nerve (VII). It supplies the ... The cervical branch of the facial nerve is a branch of the facial nerve (VII). It runs forward beneath the platysma muscle, and ... Facial nerve dissection. This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 905 of the 20th edition of Gray's ... The lateral part of the cervical branch of the facial nerve supplies the platysma muscle. Lateral head anatomy detail Lateral ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_branch_of_the_facial_nerve

... and join with filaments of the buccinator branch of the mandibular nerve. The facial nerve innervates the muscles of facial ... The buccal branches of the facial nerve (infraorbital branches), are of larger size than the rest of the branches, pass ... "Branches of Facial Nerve (CN VII)" lesson4 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (parotid3) ... Buccal nerve Lateral head anatomy detail Lateral head anatomy detail.Dissection the newborn This article incorporates text in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buccal_branches_of_the_facial_nerve

The zygomatic branches of the facial nerve are branches of the facial nerve (CN VII). They run across the zygomatic bone to the ... The zygomatic branches of the facial nerve (malar branches) are nerves of the face. They run across the zygomatic bone to the ... The zygomatic branches of the facial nerve have many nerve connections. Along their course, there may be connections with the ... buccal branches of the facial nerve. They join with filaments from the lacrimal nerve and the zygomaticofacial nerve from the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zygomatic_branches_of_the_facial_nerve

The temporal branches of the facial nerve (frontal branch of the facial nerve) crosses the zygomatic arch to the temporal ... To test the function of the temporal branches of the facial nerve, a patient is asked to frown and wrinkle their forehead. ... Anatomy photo:23:06-0106 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Branches of Facial Nerve (CN VII)" lesson4 at The Anatomy ... Lateral head anatomy detail Lateral head anatomy detail.Dissection the newborn Lateral head anatomy detail.Facial nerve ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporal_branches_of_the_facial_nerve

The marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve is found superficial to the facial artery and (anterior) facial vein. Thus ... An injury to this nerve during a surgical procedure can distort the expression of the smile as well as other facial expressions ... ISBN 978-0-443-06952-9. Batra APS, Mahajan A, Gupta K. Marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve: An anatomical study. ... Anatomy photo:23:06-0103 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Branches of Facial Nerve (CN VII)" lesson4 at The Anatomy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marginal_mandibular_branch_of_the_facial_nerve

The hypoglossal nerve may be connected (anastomosed) to the facial nerve to attempt to restore function when the facial nerve ... partially connecting nerve fibres from the hypoglossal nerve to the facial nerve may be used when there is focal facial nerve ... The hypoglossal nerve, also known as the twelfth cranial nerve, cranial nerve XII, or simply CN XII, is a cranial nerve that ... For example, damage to the left and right hypoglossal nerves may occur with damage to the facial and trigeminal nerves as a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoglossal_nerve

The facial nerve is the seventh of 12 cranial nerves. This cranial nerve controls the muscles in the face. Facial nerve palsy ... Trochlear nerve (IV) Sixth nerve palsy - Abducens nerve (VI) Other Trigeminal neuralgia - Trigeminal nerve (V) Facial nerve ... Facial nerve (VII) Accessory nerve disorder - Accessory nerve (XI) Pavlou, E., Gkampeta, A., & Arampatzi, M. (2011). Facial ... The most common cause of this cranial nerve damage is Bell's palsy (idiopathic facial palsy) which is a paralysis of the facial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_nerve_disease

The facial canal contains the facial nerve (CN VII), after which it is named. At the internal auditory meatus, the facial nerve ... Prominence of the facial canal labeled at top, fourth from the left. Facial nerve Prominence of the facial canal Hiatus of the ... The facial canal may be interrupted in some people. This may lead to the facial nerve being split into 2 or 3 fibres, or it may ... It contains the facial nerve (CN VII), after which it is named. The facial canal runs from the internal auditory meatus to the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facial_canal

Facial nerve dissection. List of specialized glands within the human integumentary system hednk-022-Embryo Images at University ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ear_canal

Barral, Jean Pierre; Croibier, Alain (2009). "19 - Facial nerve". Manual therapy for the cranial nerves. Edinburgh: Churchill ... The anterior auricular muscle is supplied is supplied by the temporal branch of the facial nerve (VII). It may also receive ... some small branches from the auriculotemporal nerve, a branch of the mandibular nerve, itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve ... Barral, Jean-Pierre; Croibier, Alain (2009). "25 - Ear". Manual Therapy for the Cranial Nerves. Edinburgh: Churchill ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_auricular_muscle

... facial nerve; cnIX-XI, glossopharyngeal and vagoaccessory nerves; cnXII, hypoglossal nerve; en, epiphyseal nerve; fb, forebrain ... Evolution of mammals Therocephalia ce, cerebellum; cnI, olfactory nerve; cnV +vcm-trigeminal nerve and vena capitis medialis; ... a large epyphysial nerve (found in creatures with a parietal eye on the top of the head), an enlarged pituitary gland, and an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorgonopsia

The posterior auricular nerve is a nerve of the head. It is a branch of the facial nerve (CN VII). It communicates with ... The posterior auricular nerve arises from the facial nerve (CN VII). It is the first branch outside of the skull. This origin ... doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-803633-4.00002-8. ISBN 978-0-12-803633-4. Townley, William (2017). "50 - Immediate Facial Nerve ... branches from the vagus nerve, the great auricular nerve, and the lesser occipital nerve. Its auricular branch supplies the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_auricular_nerve

These branches communicate freely with the facial nerve. The mental nerve provides sensation to the front of the chin and the ... The mental nerve is a sensory nerve of the face. It is a branch of the posterior trunk of the inferior alveolar nerve, itself a ... The mental nerve is a branch of the posterior trunk of the inferior alveolar nerve. This is a branch of the mandibular nerve ( ... The mental nerve can be blocked with local anesthesia. This can be used in surgery of the chin, the lower lip, and the buccal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_nerve

Innervated by facial nerve (anterior papillae) and glossopharyngeal nerve (posterior papillae). Circumvallate papillae - there ... Innervated by facial nerve. Foliate papillae - these are ridges and grooves towards the posterior part of the tongue found at ... The nerve fibrils after losing their medullary sheaths enter the taste bud, and end in fine extremities between the gustatory ... They are associated with ducts of Von Ebner's glands, and are innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve. Filiform papillae - the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taste_bud

Facial nerve". In Barral JP, Croibier A (eds.). Manual Therapy for the Cranial Nerves. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. pp. ... The facial nerve passes close to the mastoid process. The inner surface of the mastoid portion presents a deep, curved groove, ... Diseases of the Seventh Cranial Nerve". In Dyck PJ, Thomas PK (eds.). Peripheral Neuropathy (Fourth ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastoid_part_of_the_temporal_bone

... the tumors can reach 3 to 4 cm or more in size and infringe on the facial nerve (facial expression) and trigeminal nerve ( ... particularly the cochlear nerve. However, the facial nerve is less commonly affected. The main advantage of a CT scan is to ... Facial nerve monitoring was added in 1979. William F. House (1923-2012) pioneered the use of the operating microscope, and ( ... Today, hearing preservation, facial nerve function, and tumor control remain the primary benchmarks used to evaluate treatment ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vestibular_schwannoma

It may be used to compensate for facial nerve paralysis. The masseteric nerve is a branch of the mandibular nerve (V3), itself ... Spira, M (1978-03-01). "Anastomosis of masseteric nerve to lower division of facial nerve for correction of lower facial ... The masseteric nerve may be harvested and used to repair paralysis of the facial nerve. Masseteric artery This article ... The masseteric nerve is a nerve of the face. It is a branch of the mandibular nerve (V3). It crosses the mandibular notch to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masseteric_nerve

However, the term "nerve of Wrisberg" can also refer to the nervus intermedius branch of the facial nerve. Superior lateral ... nerve Medial brachial cutaneous nerve Medial brachial cutaneous nerve brachial cutaneous nerve brachial cutaneous nerve ... brachial cutaneous nerve Brachial cutaneous nerve Brachial cutaneous nerve Brachial cutaneous nerve Brachial cutaneous nerve ... The medial brachial cutaneous nerve (lesser internal cutaneous nerve; medial cutaneous nerve of arm) is distributed to the skin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medial_cutaneous_nerve_of_arm

... the optic nerve (II), oculomotor nerve (III), trochlear nerve (IV), trigeminal nerve (V), abducens nerve (VI), facial nerve ( ... and trochlear nerve (IV); the pons has the nuclei of the trigeminal nerve (V), abducens nerve (VI), facial nerve (VII) and ... glossopharyngeal nerve (IX), vagus nerve (X), accessory nerve (XI), and the hypoglossal nerve (XII). Cranial nerves are ... The facial nerve is also the most commonly affected cranial nerve in blunt trauma. The vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) supplies ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_nerves

These nerves include: the facial nerve (in most people). This communication is around 36 mm lateral to and 2 mm superior to the ... The zygomaticotemporal nerve is a branch of the zygomatic nerve, a branch of the maxillary nerve. It runs along the lateral ... It communicates with the facial nerve and with the auriculotemporal branch of the mandibular nerve. ... is a small nerve of the face. It is derived from the zygomatic nerve, a branch of the maxillary nerve (CN V2). It is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zygomaticotemporal_nerve

Cranial nerve nuclei, Medulla oblongata, Vagus nerve, Glossopharyngeal nerve, Facial nerve). ... Taste information from the facial nerve via the chorda tympani (anterior 2/3 of the tongue), glossopharyngeal nerve (posterior ... Through the center of the SN runs the solitary tract, a white bundle of nerve fibers, including fibers from the facial, ... Additional minor GVA input from the nasal cavity, soft palate and sinus cavities enters via the facial nerve. Neurons that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solitary_nucleus

"Facial Nerve Grading Scale 2.0" (FNGS2.0) was proposed in 2009. House JW, Brackmann DE (1985). "Facial nerve grading system". ... The House-Brackmann score is a score to grade the degree of nerve damage in a facial nerve palsy. The measurement is determined ... April 2009). "Facial Nerve Grading System 2.0". Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 140 (4): 445-50. doi:10.1016/j.otohns.2008.12.031. ... It is one of a number of facial nerve scoring systems, such as Burres-Fisch, Nottingham, Sunnybrook, and Yanagihara. Of these, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House–Brackmann_score

It communicates with the facial nerve inside the parotid gland. The posterior branch (ramus posterior; mastoid branch) supplies ... The great auricular nerve is a cutaneous nerve of the head. It originates from the cervical plexus, with branches of spinal ... Pain resulting from parotitis is caused by an impingement on the great auricular nerve. The great auricular nerve is the ... and the posterior auricular branch of the facial. The anterior branch of the great auricular nerve supplies the face over the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_auricular_nerve

If the nerve cells affected lie within the facial nerves, it causes the symptoms described above. Ramsay Hunt Syndrome Type 2 ... Permanent facial paralysis of some or all of the affected facial nerves Corneal abrasion and/or ulcers if proper care is not ... Acute symptoms include: acute facial nerve paralysis pain in the ear, jaw and/or neck taste loss in the front two-thirds of the ... In regards with the frequency, less than 1% of varicella zoster infections involve the facial nerve and result in RHS. It is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramsay_Hunt_syndrome_type_2

Abnormal course of the facial nerve. Skull base abnormalities Hypoplasia of the petrous temporal bone. Hypoplastic and ... with Congenital labyrinthine aplasia Evaluation for cochlear implantation in patients who have cochleovestibular nerve and a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_aplasia

... facial nerve nucleus, as well as the motor part of the trigeminal nerve nucleus. This list documents nuclei by the part of the ... All the nuclei except that of the trochlear nerve (CN IV) supply nerves of the same side of the body. In general, motor nuclei ... A cranial nerve nucleus is a collection of neurons (gray matter) in the brain stem that is associated with one or more of the ... Lesions occurring at these nuclei can lead to effects resembling those seen by the severing of nerve(s) they are associated ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_nerve_nucleus

Eumegamyines additionally typically have a well developed stylomastoid foramen, which funnels the facial nerve, and a short ear ... which contains the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery, corresponding to vision. Eumegamyines typically feature an unusual large ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josephoartigasia

CT scanning shows that these openings lead to canals that connect to the trigeminal nerve, which controls facial sensitivity. ... All of these canals would have brought nerves and nutrient-rich tissue to the root of the canines and the rest of the upper jaw ... The forward-directed canal also splits into the three main branches of the infraorbital nerve, all of which connect to the ... Abdel-Kader, T.G.; Ali, R.S.; Ibrahim, N.M. (2011). "The Cranial Nerves of Mabuya quinquetaeniata III: Nervus Trigeminus" (PDF ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euchambersia

There are many possible causes of facial nerve palsy, including Lyme disease, HIV, Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome, schwannoma, ... palsy of the facial nerves. The exact cause of Heerfordt syndrome has not yet been definitively determined. Of those patients ... facial nerve palsy and anterior uveitis. In cases of parotitis, ultrasound-guided biopsy is used to exclude the possibility of ... and facial nerve palsy in a febrile woman". Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants. 23 (5): 46-50. doi:10.1097 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heerfordt_syndrome

Thus, tumor growth can impinge nerve function and result in vision loss and diplopia. As the tumor metastasizes to the oral ... facial pain, diplopia (double vision), masses in the neck and changes in mental status. Esthesioneuroblastoma occurs in the ... Craniofacial resection can help preserve the optic nerves and brain while removing the cribriform plate, olfactory bulb, dura ... upper nasal cavity, near the optic nerves and optic chiasm. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esthesioneuroblastoma

It transmits the facial (VII) and vestibulocochlear (VIII) cranial nerves into a canal in the petrous temporal bone. Lies ... nerves. Lies at the anterolateral margins of the f. magnum and transmits the hypoglossal (XII) nerve. Also visible in the ... It transmits the medulla, the ascending portions of the spinal accessory nerve (XI), and the vertebral arteries. Lies in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_cranial_fossa

... however the smile is due to a lack of facial muscles and subsequent lack of facial expressions. Organizations such as World ... "Stretchy nerves are an essential component of the extreme feeding mechanism of rorqual whales". Current Biology. 25 (9): 360- ... The dolphin "smile" makes them popular attractions, as this is a welcoming facial expression in humans; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_mammal

RBS Hypomelia-Hypotrichosis-Facial Hemangioma Syndrome SC Syndrome Pseudothalidomide Syndrome Roberts-SC Phocomelia Syndrome SC ... silvery-blonde scalp hair Cranial nerve paralysis, moyamoya disease, stroke, intellectual disability Treatment of Roberts ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberts_syndrome

Coloboma of iris Coloboma of lens ala nasi Coloboma of macula type B brachydactyly Coloboma of macula Coloboma of optic nerve ... Bass Romshe syndrome Cyanide poisoning Cyclic neutropenia Cyclic vomiting syndrome Cyclosporosis Cyclothymia Cypress facial ... Camptocormism Camptodactyly fibrous tissue hyperplasia skeletal dysplasia Camptodactyly joint contractures facial skeletal ... Congenital disorder of glycosylation Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia Congenital erythropoietic porphyria Congenital facial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_diseases_(C)

His main weapon is his right bionic arm, which can change into a claw or a laser gun, presumably by nerve signals. In ... He wears a mask over his face, which appears to resemble a metal skull (similar to that-of Psycho), with little facial details ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Steel_(2000_TV_series)

97%: Facial paralysis, as Roosevelt had, in the absence of other cranial nerve abnormalities, is not consistent with a polio ... His main symptoms were fever; symmetric, ascending paralysis; facial paralysis; bowel and bladder dysfunction; numbness and ... facial paralysis, prolonged bowel and bladder dysfunction, and numbness and hypersensitivity of the skin.: 47 Roosevelt came ... since polioviruses do not attack autonomic nerves, but are common in GBS. 93%: Meningismus (neck stiffness), a characteristic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paralytic_illness_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt

... nerve and Supraorbital nerve Zygomaticotemporal nerve Auriculotemporal nerve Lesser occipital nerve Greater occipital nerve ... Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery. 6 (1): 54-60. doi:10.1001/archfaci.6.1.54. PMID 14732646. Leedy, Jason E.; Janis, Jeffrey E ... The scalp is innervated by motor nerves and sensory nerves. The trigeminal nerve (CNV) is one of the important cranial sensory ... All large blood vessels and nerves of the scalp are located in this layer. The next layer is the galea Aponeurotica, which ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalp_reconstruction

In the biological mechanism, taste signals are transduced by nerves in the brain into electric signals. E-tongue sensors ... Computer vision has many applications already in use today such as facial recognition, geographical modeling, and even ... Taste quality perception and recognition are based on the building or recognition of activated sensory nerve patterns by the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_perception

... facial muscles reconstruction at facial nerve paralysis, jaw reconstruction and urogenital surgery. Ömer Özkan and his team ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ömer_Özkan

Tetzlaff (1989). "Neurofilament elongation into regenerating facial nerve axons". Neuroscience. 29 (3): 659-666. doi:10.1016/ ... Treatments of the nerve in this temperature range are reversible. Nerves treated in this temperature range experience a ... Treatments of the nerve in this temperature range are irreversible. Nerves treated in this temperature range experience a ... The axons of myelinated nerves have a myelin sheath made up of Schwann cells that coat the axon. Classification of nerve damage ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryoneurolysis

Cranial neuritis is an inflammation of cranial nerves. When due to Lyme it most typically causes facial palsy, impairing ... Corticosteroids are not recommended when facial palsy is caused by Lyme disease. In those with facial palsy, frequent use of ... can become evident only 6-12 months after facial palsy appears to be resolved, as damaged nerves regrow and sometimes connect ... Facial palsy caused by Lyme disease (LDFP) is often misdiagnosed as Bell's palsy. Although Bell's palsy is the most common type ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyme_disease

In contrast, a shot in which Bateman peels off a facial mask took only one take. American Psycho's soundtrack features licensed ... the horrific and hilarious American Psycho can still strike a raw nerve". In a somewhat positive review for Slate magazine, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Psycho_(film)

If the muscles of the face are affected (i.e. if there is damage to cranial nerve VII; V for the jaw in mastication), there may ... Other visible signs that accompany flaccid dysarthria include facial or soft palate droop, or nasal regurgitation with eating ( ... Depending on which nerves are damaged, flaccid dysarthria affects respiration, phonation, resonance, and articulation. It also ... Flaccid dysarthria is caused when damage occurs to the motor unit (one or more cranial or spinal nerves). Processes that can ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flaccid_dysarthria

MIBG is taken up by sympathetic nerve endings, such as those that innervate the heart, and is labeled for scintigraphy with ... There are differences in posture, gaze and facial expressions in the most common variants of progressive supranuclear palsy, ... Autonomic dysfunction resulting from damage to nerves in the heart in patients with DLB is associated with lower cardiac uptake ... "Degeneration of the cardiac sympathetic nerves is a neuropathological feature" of the Lewy body dementias, according to Yamada ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementia_with_Lewy_bodies

In late 2001, he suffered from facial nerve paralysis that was not treated quickly enough because of a misdiagnosis. The right ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Fox_(musician)

Distinct facial architecture such as a flattened nose, widely separated and downward sloping eyes, a prominent forehead, and a ... and the survival of nerve cells. The protein RSK2 which is encoded by the RPS6KA3 gene is a kinase which phosphorylates some ... wide mouth with large lips are reported as coincident facial features in patients with the disorder. Some individuals ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffin–Lowry_syndrome

A plexus refers to a net-like arrangement of a nerve. The term anatomical variation is used to refer to a difference in ... Labels of human body features displayed on images of actual human bodies, from which body hair and male facial hair has been ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical_terminology

... the facial nerve (VII), the glossopharyngeal nerve (IX), and the vagus nerve (X). The facial nerve receives taste from the ... The cranial nerves containing SVA fibers are the olfactory nerve (I), ... anterior 2/3 of the tongue; the glossopharyngeal from the posterior 1/3, and the vagus nerve from the epiglottis. The sensory ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_visceral_afferent_fiber

Trigeminal nerve fibers that innervate these IR-sensitive receptors may be involved in detection of infrared thermal radiation ... Although warm receptors are also found in the facial regions of species such as mice, humans, and dogs, the extreme low- ... Temperature threshold measurements were directly measured by stimulating nerve fibers of thermoreceptors in the nose-leaf and ... Later in 1984, Kürten and collaborators made electrophysiological recordings from nerve fibers of temperature-sensitive ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared_sensing_in_vampire_bats

... the auditory nerve, brain stem, facial nerve, superior olivary complex, and cochlear nucleus. Consequently, the absence of an ... As the stapedius muscle is innervated by the facial nerve, a measurement of the reflex can be used to locate the injury on the ... Pang, XD; Guinan, JJ (1997). "Effects of stapedius-muscle contractions on the masking of auditory-nerve responses". J Acoust ... nerve. If the injury is distal to the stapedius muscle, the reflex is still functional. A measurement of the reflex can also be ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acoustic_reflex

The facial nerve and parotid duct should be examined for any potential damage when the buccal mucosa is involved. Deep tissue ... Zadik Y, Levin L (February 2009). "Oral and facial trauma among paratroopers in the Israel Defense Forces". Dental Traumatology ... "Does a free-of-charge distribution of boil-and-bite mouthguards to young adult amateur sportsmen affect oral and facial trauma ... "An investigation into the association between facial profile and maxillary incisor trauma, a clinical non-radiographic study". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_trauma

... blood pressure and facial expressions show them to be pain free. In March 2009 a team led by Professor Eleanor Maguire of UCL ... Huxley and Alan Hodgkin who in 1963 received the Nobel Prize for their work on the conduction of action potentials along nerve ... and went on to share the 1936 Nobel Prize for Medicine for their seminal investigation on the chemical transmission of nerve ... a voltage-clamp technique to demonstrate that impulse transmission relied upon the selective permeability of the nerve fibre ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UCL_Neuroscience

If nerves were damaged, this progress may not take place. Pharmacological treatment includes PDE-5 inhibitors such as viagra or ... Androgens are also responsible for secondary sex characteristics such as facial hair and increased muscle mass. Because of the ... surgery or radiation therapy due to factors that include damage to the urethral sphincter or surrounding tissue and nerves. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostate_cancer

... muscle movement in an infants face due to pressure on the facial nerve just before or at the time of birth. ... Facial nerve palsy due to birth trauma is the loss of controllable (voluntary) ... The most common form of facial nerve palsy due to birth trauma involves only the lower part of the facial nerve. This part ... Seventh cranial nerve palsy due to birth trauma; Facial palsy - birth trauma; Facial palsy - neonate; Facial palsy - infant ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001425.htm

Paralysis of the facial nerve is a cause of significant functional and aesthetic compromise. ... This article describes facial nerve repair for facial paralysis. ... Primary Facial Nerve Repair. The facial nerve is exposed to a ... Nerve Substitution Techniques. Hypoglossal-facial anastomosis. A parotidectomy-type incision is made. The facial nerve is ... encoded search term (Facial Nerve Repair) and Facial Nerve Repair What to Read Next on Medscape ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/846448-166484/how-is-cable-nerve-grafting-performed-in-facial-nerve-repair

This nerve performs two major functions. It conveys some sensory information from the tongue and the interior of the mouth. ... The facial nerve is also known as the seventh cranial nerve (CN7). ... Facial nerve. Facial nerve. Medically reviewed by the Healthline Medical Network - By The Healthline Editorial Team on January ... The facial nerve is also known as the seventh cranial nerve (CN7). This nerve performs two major functions. It conveys some ...

https://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/facial-nerve

The anatomy and embryology of the facial nerve are complex. A basic understanding of developmental anatomy is necessary to ... The Mature Facial Nerve. While studying the embryology of the facial nerve, keep in mind the mature course and structure that ... The Hindbrain Nuclei of the Facial Nerve. The motor nuclei of the facial nerve develop early during embryogenesis; the sensory ... encoded search term (Facial Nerve Embryology) and Facial Nerve Embryology What to Read Next on Medscape ...

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/845064-overview

Facial nerve monitoring is an important surgical tool used in otology and head and neck surgery. Using torque loops when ... NeurosignTM facial nerve monitor electrodes were attached as per the manufacturer’s instructions. The electrodes were ... To develop a technique to reliably secure facial nerve monitoring electrodes, ... To develop a technique to reliably secure facial nerve monitoring electrodes, NeurosignTM facial nerve monitor electrodes were ...

https://www.mdpi.com/2571-841X/2/1/9

Category: facial nerve palsy. Lyme Disease and Hearing Loss. May 17, 2016. May 18, 2016. Judy Huch arrythmia / arthralgia / ... facial nerve palsy / Health Care Deliver / Hearing / Hearing Health / Hearing loss / infectious diseases / LYME DISEASE / ...

https://hearinghealthmatters.org/theaudiologycondition/facial-nerve-palsy/

After increasing the pulse width and changing the stimulation mode, there was no facial nerve stimulation. However there was a ... Despite undergoing numerous alterations in his implant programming, facial nerve stimulation (FNS) persisted. ... After 4 years from implantation, the patient started to complaint of right facial twitching when his cochlear implant was ... J. H. Ahn, S. H. Oh, J. W. Chung and K. S. Lee, "Facial Nerve Stimulation after Cochlear Implantation According to Types of ...

https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=16822

A Pilot Study of Facial Nerve Stimulation on Cerebral Artery Vasospasm in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients. ... A Pilot Study of Facial Nerve Stimulation on Cerebral Artery Vasospasm in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients https://www.embs.org ...

https://www.embs.org/jtehm/articles/tag/facial-nerve/

... a nerve that originates in the brain (as opposed to the spine). Malfunction of this nerve can result in paralysis or weakness ... Facial nerve paresis and paralysis is a disorder of the facial cranial nerve - ... Facial Nerve Paresis/Paralysis in Rabbits. Facial nerve paresis and paralysis is a disorder of the facial cranial nerve - a ... In rabbits, facial nerve paralysis sometimes occurs after a dental or ear infection. Dwarf breeds and lop ear breeds tend to be ...

https://www.petmd.com/rabbit/conditions/neurological/c_rb_facial_nerve_paresis_paralysis

Facial synkinesis and asymmetry commonly impair the outcome of facial nerve palsy. Botulinum toxin type A is a neurotoxin which ... Treatment of facial synkinesis and facial asymmetry with botulinum toxin type A following facial nerve palsy Clin Otolaryngol ... Facial synkinesis and asymmetry commonly impair the outcome of facial nerve palsy. Botulinum toxin type A is a neurotoxin which ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8674216/?dopt=Abstract

Kawasaki Syndrome Induced Facial Nerve Palsy: case report and review of the literature - A Case Report. ... Because the facial nerve palsy is likely to be caused by an inflammatory vasculitic process that affects the facial nerve, it ... Bushra et al reported a case of facial nerve palsy in 12 weeks boy with KD who had complete resolution of facial nerve palsy ... On day 4 of admission, he developed left lower motor neuron facial nerve paralysis with no other cranial nerve involvement or ...

https://www.pediatriconcall.com/pediatric-journal/view/fulltext-articles/444/J/0/0/58/0

... Categories: Neurophysiologic Monitoring - Skull ...

https://snacc.org/document/neurophysiologic-intraoperative-monitoring-of-trigeminal-and-facial-nerves/

Delayed Facial Nerve Palsy After Mohs Surgery. Dermatol Surg. 2021 08 01; 47(8):1112-1113. ...

https://profiles.umassmed.edu/display/26609003

... and prolonged facial paralysis. SIGNIFICANCE: Occult malignancy of the facial nerve may cause unilateral facial paralysis in ... and prolonged facial paralysis. SIGNIFICANCE: Occult malignancy of the facial nerve may cause unilateral facial paralysis in ... and prolonged facial paralysis. SIGNIFICANCE: Occult malignancy of the facial nerve may cause unilateral facial paralysis in ... and prolonged facial paralysis. SIGNIFICANCE: Occult malignancy of the facial nerve may cause unilateral facial paralysis in ...

https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/facial-nerve-paralysis-secondary-to-occult-malignant-neoplasms-4

Are you looking for a specialist in the field of Facial nerve paresis? Here you will find selected specialists in Germany, ... Facial nerve paresis. Facial nerve paresis You are looking for an experienced medical specialist in the field of Facial nerve ... Information About the Field of Facial nerve paresis. Someone in need of a doctor prefers the best medical care as possible. ... All doctors and clinics listed here have been checked by us for their outstanding specialization in the area of Facial nerve ...

https://www.primomedico.com/en/treatment/facial-nerve-paresis/

Facial nerve palsy (FNP) is a devastating condition that can significantly impact quality of life. However, no measure ... facial function concerns, appearance concerns, psychological function, social function, and experience of care. ... Facial nerve palsy (FNP) is a devastating condition that can significantly impact quality of life. However, no measure ... Exploring Patient Experience of Facial Nerve Palsy to Inform the Development of a PROM. ...

https://www.ndph.ox.ac.uk/publications/983952

HEENT -Understand the Cranial nerves involved with the Head, Neck, and Shoulders. CN 7= facial, CN 10= shoulder ... HEENT-Understand the Cranial nerves involved with the Head, Neck, and Shoulders.CN 7= facial, CN 10= shoulder shrug- ... Final Study Guide - HEENT -Understand the Cranial nerves involved with the Head, Neck, and Shoulders. CN 7= facial, CN 10= ...

https://www.coursehero.com/file/11205642/Final-Study-Guide/

Facial nerve injury is a common adverse event of oncologic surgery of the head and neck, and various facial nerve injury ... KEYWORDS: Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, facial nerve, Mohs micrographic surgery, nerve injury. Dermatofibrosarcoma ... the Facial Nerve Grading Scale 2.0, are most commonly used.25 However, no evidence of any form of consistent nerve injury ... "facial danger zones." Injury to the temporal branch of the facial nerve can precipitate brow ptosis and visual field ...

https://jcadonline.com/dermatofibrosarcoma-danger-zones-december-2019/

Facial nerve stimulation (FNS) is a side-effect of cochlear implantation that can result in severe discomfort for the user and ... Facial nerve stimulation in a post-meningitic cochlear implant user: using computational modelling as a tool to probe ... Facial nerve stimulation in a post-meningitic cochlear implant user: using computational modelling as a tool to probe ... Auditory and facial nerve thresholds were predicted with the models showing good correspondence to perceptual thresholds and ...

https://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/79552

SPSS data including measurements of facial nerve and facial canal by MRI and CT. Demographic data is also included. ... Data for: THE RATIO OF FACIAL NERVE TO FACIAL CANAL AS AN INDICATOR OF ENTRAPMENT IN BELLS PALSY: A STUDY BY CT AND MRI. ... SPSS data including measurements of facial nerve and facial canal by MRI and CT. Demographic data is also included. ...

https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/bsfwst7kzd

Risk Factors Associated With Damage to the Temporal Branch of the Facial Nerve During MMS. Dermatologic Surgery. ... Damage to the Temporal Branch of the Facial Nerve From Mohs Micrographic Surgery. Dermatol Surg 2022 Sep 13;[EPub Ahead of ...

https://www.practiceupdate.com/content/risk-factors-associated-with-damage-to-the-temporal-branch-of-the-facial-nerve-during-mms/142320/37/4/1

We report a case of complete facial nerve palsy during a mandibular nerve block anesthesia in a 63-year-old woman. The full ... Facial nerve palsy has many etiologies, such as viruses, facial trauma, iatrogenesis, tumors, idiopathic conditions, cerebral ... AZENHA, Marcelo Rodrigues; SICCHIERI, Luciana; OLIVEIRA NETO, Patrício José de e ROSA, Adalberto Luiz. Facial nerve palsy after ... Revista de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-maxilo-facial. versão On-line ISSN 1808-5210. Resumo. ...

http://revodonto.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1808-52102010000200002&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=en

A patient who presented with facial nerve palsy and hemiparesis was subsequently diagnosed with a giant prolactinoma. How was ... Although palsies of cranial nerves III-VI have been reported, facial nerve palsy and hemiparesis are relatively unique ... Our case is a unique report of a facial nerve palsy and hemiparesis secondary to giant prolactinoma in the absence of stroke or ... Giant Prolactinoma Presenting With Facial Nerve Palsy and Hemiparesis. Aleksandra Sliwinska; Fatima Jalil; Lori De La Portilla ...

http://www.staging.medscape.com/viewarticle/956696

Find a local Temporomandibular Joint Disorder (TMD) dentist near you for the headache, facial and jaw pain relief you have been ... What you need to know about facial nerve Libertyville, IL. ... and nerves related to chronic facial pain. These problems are ...

http://www.tmjdentistlibertyville.com/facial-nerve

title = "Facial nerve transfer for facial reanimation with parotidoplasty approach",. abstract = "Background: Facial paralysis ... Facial nerve transfer for facial reanimation with parotidoplasty approach. Chase J. Wehrle, Margaret A. Sinkler, Jimmy J. Brown ... Facial nerve transfer for facial reanimation with parotidoplasty approach. In: Microsurgery. 2020 ; Vol. 40, No. 8. pp. 868-873 ... Facial nerve transfer for facial reanimation with parotidoplasty approach. / Wehrle, Chase J.; Sinkler, Margaret A.; Brown, ...

https://augusta.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/facial-nerve-transfer-for-facial-reanimation-with-parotidoplasty-

Stimulating the nerve while the bur is in use can offer approximately 1-3 mm of advance warning of facial nerve proximity. If ... It works with our NIM® Nerve Monitoring System to alert you of the burs proximity to the facial nerve and help reduce the risk ... Stim Bur technology that provides advance warning of facial nerve proximity**. With more than 20 years of nerve monitoring ... Related Nerve Monitoring Products. Our nerve monitoring products and accessories can be used in conjunction with NIM® Nerve ...

https://www.medtronic.com/it-it/operatori-sanitari/products/ear-nose-throat/nerve-monitoring/nim-nerve-monitoring-systems/related-nerve-monitoring-products.html

Masseteric Facial Nerve Transfer (V-VII Transfer). *Hypoglossal Facial Nerve Transfer (XII-VII Transfer) ...

https://www.facialnervecenter.org/our-office

Facial NerveScott Stocker2020-08-19T22:12:59-07:00 Anatomy of the Facial Nerve. ... Facial Nerve *Anatomy of the Facial Nerve. *Repair of the Facial Nerve ...

https://otosurgeryatlas.stanford.edu/otologic-surgery-atlas/facial-nerve/

Facial Nerve Damage. Posted By admin On Friday, December 24th 2010 In Facial Nerve Damage Tags: Facial, Facial nerve damage, ... "facial nerve damage".. Firstly, a simple punch can only give you pain and a bit of facial paralysis for days or weeks. And ... like in the case of facial nerve damage. After getting punched, your face is still considerably normal except that some parts ... secondly, a punch can only affect the external of your face and not that sensitive nerve located in your skull, ...

https://facialnervedamage.com/page/6/

A strange case of facial nerve palsy. Journal of the Association of Physicians of India. 2005 Jul; 53(): 614. ...

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/86173

Most problems involving the facial nerve include paralysis, commonly with Bell's palsy . (healthline.com)
Facial nerve paresis and paralysis is a disorder of the facial cranial nerve - a nerve that originates in the brain (as opposed to the spine). (petmd.com)
Malfunction of this nerve can result in paralysis or weakness of the muscles of the ears, eyelids, lips, and nostrils. (petmd.com)
In rabbits, facial nerve paralysis sometimes occurs after a dental or ear infection. (petmd.com)
Dwarf breeds and lop ear breeds tend to be at increased risk of developing facial nerve paresis and paralysis. (petmd.com)
Your doctor will begin by differentiating between one-sided and symmetrical disease, facial nerve paralysis from pure ear infection, and will also look for other neurological weaknesses. (petmd.com)
Muscle paralysis is usually permanent, but as muscle healing and thickening develops, a natural 'tuck up' may occur that reduces the facial asymmetry (lopsidedness). (petmd.com)
Facial lower motor neuron paralysis might be due to vasculitis below the level of the facial nucleus (4). (pediatriconcall.com)
On day 4 of admission, he developed left lower motor neuron facial nerve paralysis with no other cranial nerve involvement or any other neurological deficit. (pediatriconcall.com)
OBJECTIVE: This study reviewed patients with Unilateral facial paralysis and normal clinical and imaging findings who underwent diagnostic facial nerve exploration. (elsevier.com)
STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Fifteen patients with facial paralysis and normal findings were seen in the Mayo Clinic Department of Otorhinolaryngology. (elsevier.com)
Progressive facial paralysis with sequential involvement of adjacent facial nerve branches occurred in all 15 patients. (elsevier.com)
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with facial paralysis and normal clinical and imaging findings should be considered for facial nerve exploration when the patient has a history of pain or regional skin cancer, involvement of other cranial nerves, and prolonged facial paralysis. (elsevier.com)
SIGNIFICANCE: Occult malignancy of the facial nerve may cause unilateral facial paralysis in patients with normal clinical and imaging findings. (elsevier.com)
Because speech, mastication, and expression of moods and emotions are based on the ability to move facial musculature-be it voluntary or involuntary-successful treatment of facial nerve paralysis is a vital concern. (medscape.com)
This article informs the reader about the extracranial etiology of facial nerve paralysis and its current reconstructive options. (medscape.com)
[ 1 ] The diagram below presents a treatment algorithm for facial nerve paralysis according to facial region involvement. (medscape.com)
Grade VI in the classification is total facial paralysis. (medscape.com)
The keystone of successful surgical treatment for facial paralysis, the details of facial nerve anatomy , is recapitulated briefly to review topographic anatomy of the facial nerve and to enable the physician to localize the suspected site of injury. (medscape.com)
Lo C, Kwok F, Yuen P. A prospective evaluation of recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis during thyroidectomy. (medtronic.com)
Background: Facial paralysis has a profound impact on quality of life in affected individuals, primarily through loss of verbal and nonverbal communication. (elsevier.com)
Firstly, a simple punch can only give you pain and a bit of facial paralysis for days or weeks. (facialnervedamage.com)
Facial paralysis involves a loss of voluntary muscle movement within the face. (parishams.com)
Facial paralysis occurs when a person is unable to move all or some of the muscles on one or both sides of the face. (parishams.com)
Facial paralysis may be the result of damage to the facial nerve or to the area of the brain that sends signals to the muscle of the face. (parishams.com)
In some cases, people who experience facial paralysis may not be able to close their eye lids. (parishams.com)
To determine the cause of facial paralysis, your GP or a hospital doctor such as a neurologist or an ENT specialist will perform a physical examination and request bloods tests. (parishams.com)
Treatment for facial paralysis depends on the underlying cause of the condition. (parishams.com)
Facial paralysis caused by infection or Bell's palsy may dissipate without any treatment in a few weeks time. (parishams.com)
While a patient with facial weakness or paralysis might immediately consider neurological disorders, dysfunction of the facial nerve may be directly linked to an otolaryngologic disorder. (cornell.edu)
The facial nerve, in its normal course, directly traverses the middle ear and mastoid, and so infections, inflammatory processes or tumors of this region may lead to facial weakness, paralysis or spasm. (cornell.edu)
A Beginner's Guide to Bell's Palsy How we can help Bell's Palsy Bell's palsy is an often unexplained episode of facial weakness or paralysis, typically on one side of your face. (startingpointacupuncture.com)
However, there are a lot of other different causes of facial paralysis, including acoustic neuromas, little benign tumors that are found close to the facial nerve. (utahfacialplastics.com)
Facial paralysis or facial nerve damage can effect patients in a lot of different ways. (utahfacialplastics.com)
Long-term consequences of some of the effects of facial paralysis can be inability to really communicate well. (utahfacialplastics.com)
The common treatments for patients with facial paralysis may vary depending on the degree of recovery they've had following their facial nerve injury. (utahfacialplastics.com)
Syndromes associated with congenital facial paralysis. (msjonline.org)
Smith JD, Crumley RL, Harker LA. Facial paralysis in the newborn. (msjonline.org)
Pearl W. Syndrome of anotia, facial paralysis, and congenital heart disease. (msjonline.org)
When any part of this long, cable-like nerve is inflamed or damaged, paralysis, twitching, numbness or tingling of any part of the face can occur. (drscottkay.com)
Twitching, paralysis or a similar facial disorder indicates a more serious health problem that should be addressed. (drscottkay.com)
A devastating complication of a parotidectomy can be postoperative facial paralysis. (ekb.eg)
Facial nerve paralysis can cause cosmetic and functional morbidity, ocular complications, diminished quality of life, and medical malpractice litigation (Guntinas-Lichius & Eisele, 2016) . (ekb.eg)
Facial motion disorders refer to a group of conditions characterized by absent or abnormal facial motion, including facial paralysis, paresis (partial paralysis), facial weakness or spasm. (chop.edu)
Faulty or incomplete regeneration of the damaged facial nerve can result in paresis (slight paralysis) or synkinesis (involuntary facial movements), and can leave these patients with abnormal or even distorted facial motion. (chop.edu)
This surgery may be used for patients who have facial paralysis on one side of the face (unilateral) or both sides (bilateral). (chop.edu)
When paralysis is bilateral, the motor nerve to the masseter muscle may be used bilaterally to innervate the muscle transfer in separate single stage procedures. (chop.edu)
Facial weakness or paralysis can occur following a stroke , surgery, trauma, viral infection, or as the result of a tumor. (uciheadandneck.com)
Damage from a viral infection causes facial nerve paralysis known as Bell's palsy. (uciheadandneck.com)
A neuroma, also known as a facial schwannoma, is a type of slow-growing tumor that can cause facial paralysis when it involves the facial nerves. (uciheadandneck.com)
If paralysis does occur, treatment normally involves surgery to restore facial tone and movement by removing the tumor and replacing the damaged nerve with one grafted from elsewhere in the body. (uciheadandneck.com)
Facial weakness or paralysis can occur when an accident or another type of trauma damages the bones and nerves around the ear. (uciheadandneck.com)
Facial nerve paralysis and paraplegia as. (itu.edu.tr)
Symptomatic facial nerve paralysis and spinal cord invasion by granulocytic sarcomas are also relatively uncommon. (itu.edu.tr)
We present here a 17-year-old-female patient who had facial nerve paralysis and paraplegia due to granulocytic sarcoma as the presenting symptoms of acute myeloid leukemia. (itu.edu.tr)
Two women who suffered from facial nerve paralysis following surgical resection of a posterior fossa tumor were instructed by an expert beautician in the application of make-up to correct their facial imbalances. (elsevier.com)
It is noteworthy that daily use of simple low-cost make-up techniques can significantly reduce the 'psychological load' of patients with facial paralysis during the recovery period. (elsevier.com)
Paralysis of unilateral facial muscles occurs and the eyes and mouth deviate to one side, and this is accompanied by other symptoms. (e-jar.org)
Ramsay-Hunt syndrome is the 2nd most common type of peripheral facial paralysis and is caused by the herpes zoster virus. (e-jar.org)
Facial paralysis is a situation whereby the facial nerve will get broken, inflicting listening to loss and extreme circumstances. (shopsjtec.com)
A extremely certified and well-experienced physician can present facial paralysis treatments that may return your smile. (shopsjtec.com)
It is likely one of the most sought therapies for partial facial paralysis, Bell's palsy, and synkinesis. (shopsjtec.com)
That is among the many greatest facial paralysis therapies that assist individuals regain motion of their muscle tissues. (shopsjtec.com)
the manifestations progressed to head tilting, left-side facial nerve paralysis, and endotoxemia. (cdc.gov)
Over the ensuing days, he exhibited a right-sided head tilt, facial nerve paralysis, unsteadiness, circling to the right, and intermittent recumbency. (cdc.gov)
This condition, in turn, causes an interruption in the messages the brain sends to the facial muscles and results in facial weakness or paralysis. (sandozchiropractic.com)
Maintain facial suppleness, especially if the paralysis has been long-term. (reformpt.ca)
Overall, the evidence on physiotherapy management of Bell's Palsy suggests that individualized facial exercises in cases that are chronic or moderate paralysis may enhance facial function. (reformpt.ca)
Specialized facial exercises can help to improve face function, particularly for individuals with moderate paralysis and persistent problems. (reformpt.ca)
Early facial exercise may reduce rehabilitation time and long-term paralysis in acute situations, but the evidence is insufficient. (reformpt.ca)
Bell's Palsy is a type of brief facial paralysis that may impact a person's day-to-day activities, communication with others, self-esteem, and quality of life. (reformpt.ca)
Anesthesia mumps resulting in temporary facial nerve paralysis after the auditory brainstem implantation in a 3-year-old child. (ankaravertigo.com)
Background: Bell?s palsy is an acute idiopathic LMN lesion of facial nerve that causes the unilateral paralysis of facial muscles. (ijsr.net)

An infant's facial nerve is also called the seventh cranial nerve. (medlineplus.gov)
The facial nerve is also known as the seventh cranial nerve (CN7) . (healthline.com)
The accessory nerve is a cranial nerve that controls the movement of certain neck muscles. (healthline.com)
Note the interconnections of cranial nerve (CN) VII with CN V, CN IX, and CN X. (medscape.com)
Upon leaving the motor nucleus, axons extend dorsally and medially, cranially and superficially, to bend around the abducens (sixth cranial nerve) nucleus. (medscape.com)
The facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) carries motor, secretory, and afferent fibers from the anterior two thirds of the tongue. (medscape.com)
Congenital facial nerve palsy is defined as palsy of the 7th cranial nerve that is present at birth or that occurs shortly afterward. (chop.edu)
Facial nerve palsy is the most common cranial nerve disorder and has a sudden onset. (e-jar.org)
CASE 2 - This patient exhibits Ramsay-Hunt syndrome, an acute herpes zoster (shingles) infection involving the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII). (cdc.gov)
The 7th cranial nerve. (bvsalud.org)
It is believed to be caused by inflammation of the seventh cranial nerve (the facial nerve). (sandozchiropractic.com)

If there is no recovery of Bell's palsy within 6 weeks reconsider the diagnosis: 10% of patients with acute facial nerve palsy have a treatable lesion. (dr-salem.com)
The most common cause of facial nerve damage is something called, Bell's Palsy. (utahfacialplastics.com)
Bell's palsy accounts for approximately 70% of peripheral facial nerve palsy cases and has a prevalence of 20 per 100,000 individuals worldwide. (e-jar.org)
Normally, Bell's Palsy affects only one side of the face at a time because there is a pair of facial nerves and each travels through a narrow channel, beneath the ears, to the muscles on each side of the face. (sandozchiropractic.com)
When the nerve-controlling movement on one side of the face becomes inflamed, it causes Bell's Palsy. (reformpt.ca)

At present, there are 3 surgical options for repair of the facial nerve: direct repair, cable nerve grafting, and nerve substitution techniques (see below). (medscape.com)
The reader is referred to Embryology and Anomalies of the Facial Nerve and Their Surgical Implications, 2nd Ed for a more comprehensive review of the development of the facial nerve and the associated development of the ear (see table 1). (medscape.com)
The surgical anatomy and landmarks of the facial nerve. (medscape.com)
However, there is a paucity of literature describing functional neurologic outcomes following surgical extirpation of facial DFSP. (jcadonline.com)
10,11 Given the complex neurovascular anatomy of the head and neck, compounded with the propensity for deep tissue invasion, neurologic deficits, either from direct tumor invasion into neural tissue or damage to nerves during surgical treatment, are a reasonably expected complication. (jcadonline.com)
Given the locally aggressive nature of the tumor, and presumed proximity to the temporal branch of the facial nerve, a multidisciplinary surgical approach (intraoperative Mohs micrographic surgery [iMMS]) was planned with both Mohs and otolaryngology-head and neck surgeons. (jcadonline.com)
Our nerve monitoring products and accessories can be used in conjunction with NIM ® Nerve Monitoring Systems during a variety of surgical procedures. (medtronic.com)
Chapter 25: Surgical Anatomy of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (p316). (medtronic.com)
Our report aims to show a surgical adaption to current facial reanimation procedures using a partial parotidoplasty approach in order to avoid challenges caused by interpositional nerve grafts through primary neurorrhaphy. (elsevier.com)
Proper safe surgical technique is paramount for facial nerve preservation. (ekb.eg)
Early evaluation for facial nerve injuries is important because timely medical or surgical treatment can significantly improve outcomes. (chop.edu)
Surgical treatment for facial palsy is used to improve facial symmetry, balance and motion, as well as to correct oral problems and incomplete eye closure. (chop.edu)
It's a surgical process to offer new nerves and change the previous and weak ones. (shopsjtec.com)
Dr. Henry D. Sandel specializes as a facial plastic surgeon, offering multiple surgical and non-surgical facial rejuvenation methods to his Annapolis area patients. (sandelduggal.com)

TM disorder describes a variety of conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint - TMJ (the point where the jaw opens and closes) and nerves related to chronic facial pain. (tmjdentistlibertyville.com)
Any disorder of the facial nerve requires prompt attention. (drscottkay.com)
Several functions can be disturbed whenever there is a disorder of the facial nerve, including eye function, hearing, taste, and salivation. (drscottkay.com)
Additional treatments could be needed to correct deficiencies caused by a facial nerve disorder. (drscottkay.com)
How Much Does Facial Nerve Disorder Treatment Cost? (drscottkay.com)
There may be costs associated with treating the facial nerve disorder, as well as additional expenses for rehabilitation, hearing aids or medication. (drscottkay.com)
Is Facial Nerve Disorder Treatment Right for Me? (drscottkay.com)
Why Choose Princeton Otolaryngology Associates for Facial Nerve Disorder Treatment? (drscottkay.com)
This disorder is the result of damage to the facial nerve caused by the shingles virus. (uciheadandneck.com)
Along with the main symptom of facial nerve palsy there are several other symptoms including ear pain, taste disorder, hyperacusis, tinnitus, and lacrimation. (e-jar.org)
The pattern of the acoustic reflex response-when combined with results from tympanometry, reflex decay, and audiometry-can assist in confirming the diagnosis of conductive hearing loss, sensorineural hearing loss, eighth nerve tumor, facial nerve disorder, or a lesion in the lower brainstem in the central portion of the reflex arc. (hearingreview.com)

Facial nerve disorders can happen whenever there is trauma to the face that affects this nerve. (drscottkay.com)
How are Facial Nerve Disorders Treated? (drscottkay.com)
There are multiple ways to treat facial nerve disorders, based on what is causing them. (drscottkay.com)
This authoritative and up-to-date reference is a complete guide to the basic science, diagnosis, testing and treatment of facial nerve disorders and diseases. (vasiliadis-books.gr)
With current perspectives from leading experts, valuable clinical tools and advice and coherently organized chapters, Facial Nerve Disorders and Diseases: Diagnosis and Management is a single-volume source for the state-of-the-art in facial nerve care. (vasiliadis-books.gr)
In addition to facial animation, children with facial motion disorders can have difficulty with feeding, swallowing, chewing, speaking, and closing their eyes, which can lead to acquired eye disease. (chop.edu)
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia's Facial Motion Disorders Program evaluates and treats children with facial nerve palsy and other motion disorders. (chop.edu)
Facial nerve disorders are the result of damage to the nerves that control facial expression and movement. (uciheadandneck.com)
Because facial nerve disorders are complex and can involve nerves that affect sight and hearing as well as facial muscles, a multi-disciplinary treatment approach is often necessary. (uciheadandneck.com)

In animal models, the use of electrical stimulation therapy appears to be beneficial for initiating and accelerating facial nerve recovery. (medscape.com)
[ 10 ] In similar experiments, stem cell therapy (eg, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in collagen) promoted excessive growth support for axon regeneration and excessive collateral nerve branching of facial motor endplates (which was not improved by manual stimulation). (medscape.com)
Despite undergoing numerous alterations in his implant programming, facial nerve stimulation (FNS) persisted. (scirp.org)
After increasing the pulse width and changing the stimulation mode, there was no facial nerve stimulation. (scirp.org)
F. Ali Alharbi, M. Spreng and P. Rolf Issing, "Facial Nerve Stimulation can Improve after Cochlear Reimplantation and Postoperative Advanced Programming Techniques: Case Report," International Journal of Clinical Medicine , Vol. 3 No. 1, 2012, pp. 62-64. (scirp.org)
J. H. Ahn, S. H. Oh, J. W. Chung and K. S. Lee, "Facial Nerve Stimulation after Cochlear Implantation According to Types of Nucleus 24-Channel Electrode Arrays," Acta Oto-Laryngologica, Vol. 129, No. 6, 2009, pp. 588-591. (scirp.org)
M. Polak, A. Ulubil, A. V. Hodges and T. J. Balkany, "Revision Cochlear Implantation for Facial Nerve Stimulation in Otosclerosis," Archives of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Vo. (scirp.org)
A. W. Langmann, S. M. Quigley, J. T. Heffernan and C. Brazil, "Use of Botulinum Toxin to Prevent Facial Nerve Stimulation Following Cochlear Implantation," The Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology, Vol. 166, 2005, pp. 426-428. (scirp.org)
S. R. Gold, V. Miller, D. B. Kamerer and C. A. Koconis, "Fluoride Treatment for Facial Nerve Stimulation Caused by Cochlear Implants in Otosclerosis," Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Vol. 119, No. 5, 1998, pp. 521- 523. (scirp.org)
Facial nerve stimulation (FNS) is a side-effect of cochlear implantation that can result in severe discomfort for the user and essentially limits the optimal use of the implant. (up.ac.za)
For nerve stimulation during surgeries involving the brain and face. (medicalonlinedirectory.com)
There is no evidence to determine whether electrical stimulation works, identify the potential risks of these therapies, or see if adding acupuncture to facial or other physiotherapy treatments might improve. (reformpt.ca)

The motor nucleus of the facial nerve is located in the reticular formation of the caudal pons. (medscape.com)
The sensory root (nervus intermedius) consists of (1) central projections of neurons located in the geniculate ganglion (general somatic fibers that synapse in the spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve and special afferent fibers that synapse in the nucleus solitarius) and (2) axons of parasympathetic neurons from the superior salivatory (lacrimal) nucleus. (medscape.com)
It originates in the facial nucleus, which is located at the caudal pontine area. (medscape.com)
Corticobulbar fibers from the precentral gyrus (frontal lobe) project to the facial nucleus, with most crossing to the contralateral side. (medscape.com)
Learn the course and anatomic relationships of the facial nucleus and proximal facial nerve. (mrionline.com)
It is believed to result from birth trauma, intrauterine posture, intrauterine compression, or congenital aplasia of the facial nerve nucleus. (chop.edu)
Fibres constantly leave it to enter the nucleus, so that the lower it gets the smaller does the spinal tract become until, in the upper part of the spinal medulla, about the level of the first or second spinal nerve, it disappears altogether. (co.ma)
and then lower down, between the restiform body and the nucleus of the facial nerve (Fig. 498, p. 565). (co.ma)
The small motor part of the trigeminal nerve is distributed chiefly to the muscles of mastication, and derives its fibres from the motor nucleus. (co.ma)
It is serially homologous with the motor nuclei of the lateral somatic group, namely, the facial and nucleus ambiguus. (co.ma)

FInd information about the trigeminal nerve, including its functions, how doctors test it, and the conditions associated. (healthline.com)
Neurophysiologic intraoperative monitoring of trigeminal and facial nerves. (snacc.org)
Tegrital 300 MG Tablet essentially treats nerve pain like trigeminal neuralgia as well as diabetic neuropathy . (lybrate.com)
The large spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve is a conspicuous object in sections through the pons and medulla oblongata. (co.ma)
Finally, reaching the level of the nuclei of the trigeminal nerve, the fibres of the mesencephalic root turn forwards and are said to join the sensory part (Johnston) of the trigeminal nerve. (co.ma)

You are looking for an experienced medical specialist in the field of Facial nerve paresis? (primomedico.com)
All doctors and clinics listed here have been checked by us for their outstanding specialization in the area of Facial nerve paresis. (primomedico.com)
Nonresolving facial nerve paresis after 3 months. (dr-salem.com)
The most commonly reported complications include intravascular injection, vessel trauma causing ecchymoses and hematoma, or nerve injury leading to dysesthesias and paresis. (ifaas.co)

Facial nerve palsy has many etiologies, such as viruses, facial trauma, iatrogenesis, tumors, idiopathic conditions, cerebral infarction and pseudobulbar palsy, as a result of which it is rarely observed during dental treatment. (bvsalud.org)
Central facial nerve palsy can be caused by a cerebrovascular condition/disease or brain tumor, and peripheral facial nerve palsy can be idiopathic, or due to the herpes zoster virus, or trauma. (e-jar.org)

Facial synkinesis and asymmetry commonly impair the outcome of facial nerve palsy. (nih.gov)
Symptoms Related to corneal exposure, failure of the lacrimal pump mechanism, and facial asymmetry. (dr-salem.com)
This young man has asymmetry of the facial and eye muscle and spinal scoliosis. (deeprootsathome.com)
The asymmetry of Tan's face, affecting particularly his left eye and his mouth, is also noteworthy as such facial asymmetries are not rare - as we will see in a moment. (deeprootsathome.com)
The result is ischemic brain stroke with gross inflammation, and can be seen as loss of facial asymmetry (crookedness), strabismus (loss of eye coordination) and loss of muscle tone around the eyes, cheeks, and mouth. (deeprootsathome.com)

We report a case of complete facial nerve palsy during a mandibular nerve block anesthesia in a 63-year-old woman. (bvsalud.org)
mandibular nerve. (bvsalud.org)

After exiting the internal auditory canal, the facial nerve enters the middle ear, where it bends posteriorly (first, or medial, genu) and courses horizontally through the middle ear. (medscape.com)
Auditory and facial nerve thresholds were predicted with the models showing good correspondence to perceptual thresholds and the user's FNS experience. (up.ac.za)
All 3 nerves are surrounded by pia mater through their subarachnoid course, with the pia mater thus becoming a common sheath at the internal auditory canal. (medscape.com)
[ 5 ] The inferior anterior cerebellar artery and venous drainage enter the auditory canal together with the facial nerve. (medscape.com)
Anotia is the severe form of microtia anomalies that involve pinna and external auditory canal present at birth is rare to be associated with congenital facial nerve palsy. (msjonline.org)

This procedure is useful in mapping the functional part of the nerve tissues in lesion removal surgeries for epileptic seizures. (medicalonlinedirectory.com)

Facial nerve palsy due to birth trauma is the loss of controllable (voluntary) muscle movement in an infant's face due to pressure on the facial nerve just before or at the time of birth. (medlineplus.gov)
Most of the time, these factors do not lead to facial nerve palsy or birth trauma. (medlineplus.gov)
The most common form of facial nerve palsy due to birth trauma involves only the lower part of the facial nerve. (medlineplus.gov)
In some cases, a nerve segment may be unavailable for reapproximation, either because of resection of a malignancy or because of destruction by trauma. (medscape.com)
Trauma, including iatrogenic causes such as surgery for acoustic neuroma, and facial or parotid surgery. (dr-salem.com)
You might consider facial reconstruction surgery if you dislike the appearance of your face after injury, illness, or other trauma, or have problems with normal facial functions. (sandelduggal.com)

Some literature demonstrated that Kawasaki disease when associated with facial nerve palsy has more chance to develop coronary artery aneurysm (5). (pediatriconcall.com)

Again infections, inflammatory processes or tumors of this gland may lead to facial dysfunction. (cornell.edu)
Patients with any form of facial nerve abnormality should be evaluated by a well-trained otolaryngologist to be sure that important non-neurologic disease is not overlooked and to be sure that their facial dysfunction is treated as effectively as possible. (cornell.edu)
An international team of renowned experts, put together and headed by the book's two specialist editors, provide in-depth discussion of facial nerve topography and physiology, as well as the broad spectrum of infectious, inflammatory, acute, chronic, benign and malignant diseases related to facial nerve dysfunction. (vasiliadis-books.gr)
Specialists and residents in otorhinolaryngology, maxillofacial surgery, plastic surgery, neurosurgery, neurology and rehabilitation medicine will refer to the book time and again in their treatment of patients with facial nerve dysfunction. (vasiliadis-books.gr)
Whether congenital or acquired, facial nerve dysfunction can cause significant functional and social problems for affected children. (chop.edu)

Two of the thirteen patients so far treated have developed multiple subsequent, and transitory, episodes of monolateral peripheral facial nerve palsy during vinorelbine administration. (elsevier.com)
This retrospective study aimed to determine whether there were correlations between the number and type of accompanying symptoms of peripheral facial nerve palsy, and surface electromyography (SEMG) and clinical assessment scales to help diagnosis. (e-jar.org)
There were 30, cases of peripheral facial nerve palsy at Visit 1 to the Korean Medicine Hospital, Dong-eui University, 22 cases at Visit 2 and 10 cases at Visit 3. (e-jar.org)
On Visit 1, the number of accompanying symptoms of peripheral facial nerve palsy had no significant correlation with other measures. (e-jar.org)
We predict accompanying symptoms can be used to diagnose the peripheral facial nerve palsy including both clinical assessment scales and SEMG measurements at 2-5 weeks after onset. (e-jar.org)

After 4 years from implantation, the patient started to complaint of right facial twitching when his cochlear implant was active. (scirp.org)
Intratemporally, the facial and vestibular cochlear nerves split, entering the fallopian canal of the temporal bone. (medscape.com)

Surgery may be needed to relieve pressure on the nerve. (medlineplus.gov)
Delayed Facial Nerve Palsy After Mohs Surgery. (umassmed.edu)
We aim to examine neurological functional outcomes following surgery for facial DFSP, both within the published literature and in our own experience. (jcadonline.com)
Even experienced surgeons find it difficult to visually identify the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) or vagus nerve during thyroid surgery and other neck dissections. (medtronic.com)
Why monitor the recurrent laryngeal nerve in thyroid surgery? (medtronic.com)
Electrophysiologic recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring during thyroid and parathyroid surgery: international standards guideline statement. (medtronic.com)
Dralle H. Intraoperative monitoring of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in thyroid surgery. (medtronic.com)
If necessary, treatment may include medication, physical therapy or surgery to relieve pressure on the facial nerve or to repair a severely damaged facial nerve. (parishams.com)
Parotid gland surgery is a difficult procedure because of the unique pathology of the parotid gland and the intimate relationship with the facial nerve. (ekb.eg)
To describe the goals and benefits of facial nerve monitoring during parotid surgery. (ekb.eg)
Facial nerve monitoring during parotid surgery is an adjunctive method to assist the functional preservation of the facial nerve. (ekb.eg)
In the case of nerve blocks, local anaesthetic agent is delivered into the region of the nerve trunk and these nerve blocks represent a valuable tool when it comes to surgery. (ifaas.co)
After facial reanimation surgery, exercise therapy strengthens and speeds muscle recovery and is essential to the success of this surgery. (chop.edu)
on their experience with antegrade and retrograde facial nerve dissection techniques in parotid surgery. (bvsalud.org)
They were also asked to indicate if they routinely used perioperative facial nerve monitoring devices in parotid surgery for benign tumors. (bvsalud.org)
Conclusions: The antegrade approach for facial nerve dissection is the most common technique used in parotid surgery by Nigerian OMF and ENT surgeons. (bvsalud.org)
Sapna A. Patel MD, our University of Washington facial plastic surgery fellow for this year, just completed a mission trip to Balfate, Honduras on March 12-20, 2016 at the Hospital Loma de Luz in Balfate, Honduras. (larrabeecenter.com)
Each case we saw and the surgeries that we performed affirmed my confidence and knowledge in facial plastic and head and neck surgery. (larrabeecenter.com)
Facial reconstruction surgery corrects deformities or disfigurement caused by birth defects, disease, or injury. (sandelduggal.com)
Dr. Sandel has dual board certification in facial plastic and plastic reconstructive surgery and otolaryngology (head and neck surgery). (sandelduggal.com)
Facial reconstruction is a broad term for a range of corrective facial plastic surgery procedures. (sandelduggal.com)
It might require surgery to restore form and function to muscles, bones, skin, nerves, cartilage, and connective tissue on different parts of the face and neck. (sandelduggal.com)
People who have been disfigured in an accident often need facial reconstruction surgery after undergoing initial life-saving measures. (sandelduggal.com)
This surgery restores as much facial mobility as possible by correcting damage to nerves and muscles. (sandelduggal.com)
It may also include facial plastic surgery to achieve symmetry in facial features. (sandelduggal.com)
Plastic surgeons customize every facial reconstruction surgery to the unique needs of the patient and the nature of the injury, malformation, or disfigurement. (sandelduggal.com)
Using his expertise and experience in plastic and reconstructive surgery and aesthetic medicine, Dr. Amar has spent the last 17 years developing one of today's most sophisticated, advanced and innovative fat-grafting techniques for facial reconstruction, reshaping and rejuvenation with minimally invasive surgery. (connorpr.com)
FAMI™ is much safer than standard open surgery that risks damage to arteries, veins, nerves and other facial structure. (connorpr.com)

The head and neck surgeon dissected out the temporal nerve to preserve function and allow complete tumor extirpation from the surrounding tissue. (jcadonline.com)
The results from ipsilateral and contralateral acoustic reflex decay assists in diagnosing the presence or absence of an eighth nerve tumor. (hearingreview.com)
Reconstruction after cancer treatment or tumor removal may involve skin grafts, tissue rearrangement, or more complex transfer of skin, bone, or cartilage to restore normal facial appearance and function. (sandelduggal.com)
They were unable to remove the tumor in its entirety because of undue risk to the facial nerve. (jamanetwork.com)

Exploring Patient Experience of Facial Nerve Palsy to Inform the Development of a PROM. (ox.ac.uk)
NIM ® EMG Tubes provide an open airway for patient ventilation and intraoperative nerve monitoring of both vocal cords. (medtronic.com)
If nerve function changes, the NIM System alerts you with visual and audible warnings to help reduce the risk of patient injury. (medtronic.com)
This is rare report of such an association in adult patient had right Anotia and ipsilateral right facial palsy. (msjonline.org)
Only with an appropriate understanding of the anatomy and nuances of nerve blocks, can a practitioner then be able to confidently perform a procedure with minimal risks and maximise patient comfort. (ifaas.co)
Additionally, if performed correctly, nerve blocks not only significantly minimises pain to the patient due to the minimal number of injections required, but also less nausea from regional blocks with patients generally awakening faster than most other methods of anaesthesia. (ifaas.co)

Facial nerve palsy in children can come from a variety of causes, some congenital and some acquired in nature. (chop.edu)

It's time for the 7th video in our Anatomy Dissected series on the cranial nerves! (completeanatomy.cn)

Thus, we sought to examine the functional neurologic outcomes in patients undergoing either MMS or WLE for facial DFSP. (jcadonline.com)
Two patients with DFSP involving facial nerve danger zones treated by the multidisciplinary team with MMS and subsequent reconstruction were studied. (jcadonline.com)
From our research, only 10 of 46 patients with facial DFSP had neurologic functional status reported, with four of these cases having notable facial nerve deficits. (jcadonline.com)
For those two different types of facial nerve patients, they are both having facial nerve damage, but we might treat them differently. (utahfacialplastics.com)
In a recent study published in 2017, the authors observed that 77% out of 50 patients finds nerve block to be the least painful method as compared to the 21% who finds topical anaesthesia to be less painful while the remaining 2% has no preference. (ifaas.co)
Although the study was conducted to find out patients' preferences for pre-procedural anaesthetic prior to facial cosmetic injectable fillers using hyaluronic acid (HA) - the use of HA or fat grafts do not change the basic fundamentals of anaesthetic for facial cosmetic injectable filler procedures in terms of effectiveness and purpose. (ifaas.co)
Postoperative restoration of normal facial appearance and recovery of physiologic function are related and important concerns to patients. (elsevier.com)
For patients wishing to erase the signs of age and enjoy a more youthful appearance, Botox® injections effectively treat facial wrinkles and lines, minimizing and sometimes eliminating them altogether. (pennpremierdental.com)
Aim: To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of neural mobilization and facial PNF technique in patients with Bell?s palsy. (ijsr.net)
Conclusion: Facial PNF is more effective than neural mobilization along with conventional Physiotherapy in Bell?s palsy patients. (ijsr.net)

A parotidectomy incision is made, and the facial nerve is identified as it exits the stylomastoid foramen by using the traditional landmarks (ie, the tragal pointer, the sternocleidomastoid, the posterior belly of the digastric, and the stylomastoid suture). (medscape.com)
Facial nerve monitoring, Facial nerve, Parotidectomy. (ekb.eg)
Facial nerve injury is a feared complication of parotidectomy. (ekb.eg)
I had never done a parotidectomy without a facial nerve monitor. (larrabeecenter.com)

Facial flushing occurs when blood vessels in the face dilate. (stroke.org)

Botox injectables decrease facial movement and help prevent wrinkle formation. (columbialaserskincenter.com)

Tegrital 300 MG Tablet functions as an anticonvulsant and decreases the occurrence of abnormal nerve impulses in the brain which can lead to severe reactions like seizures and acute pain . (lybrate.com)
Facial exercises in the early or acute phases of more serious cases might improve recovery time and long-term consequences. (reformpt.ca)

Further, once the facial nerve leaves the skull en route to the muscles of facial expression, the nerve enters the core of the parotid salivary gland. (cornell.edu)
It's what controls the natural motions of our face, it's what helps us elevate our eyebrows, what helps us close our eyes, helps us smile and move the muscles of facial expression So facial nerve damage is going to be something that hurts that nerve, and subsequently causes you weakness on that side of the face. (utahfacialplastics.com)
Together they provide efferent innervation to the muscles of facial expression and to the lacrimal and SALIVARY GLANDS , and convey afferent information for TASTE from the anterior two-thirds of the TONGUE and for TOUCH from the EXTERNAL EAR . (bvsalud.org)

Also, this nerve innervates facial muscles, controlling how to contract and produce facial expressions. (healthline.com)
It is responsible for facial expressions such as mouth and eye movement, in addition to salivation and taste. (drscottkay.com)
Wrinkles and fine lines will form due to continuous facial expressions. (columbialaserskincenter.com)
Continuous facial expressions like frowning and smiling can lead to wrinkle formation when levels of collagen and elastin decrease. (columbialaserskincenter.com)
Each facial nerve directs the muscles on one side of the face, including those that control eye blinking and closing, and facial expressions such as smiling and frowning. (sandozchiropractic.com)
The facial nerve controls the muscles that produce facial expressions, eye closure (blinking), tear and saliva glands, taste sensations in the tongue, and some of the smaller ear muscles. (reformpt.ca)

In the upper arm and near the shoulder, the median nerve branches off of the brachial plexus. (healthline.com)

The cross-facial nerve graft has very good results in certain reports but has not been as effective in other hands. (medscape.com)
When cases are unilateral, a two-stage procedure usually is preferred using a cross facial nerve graft technique to innervate the free muscle transfer. (chop.edu)

This may help prepare the otolaryngologist to comprehend and anticipate variations encountered in clinical practice, such as anticipating facial nerve anomalies in congenital stapes fixation. (medscape.com)
Gathwala G, Singh J, Dalal P. Congenital facial palsy with bilateral anotia. (msjonline.org)
The most recent estimate of the incidence of congenital facial palsy in the United States was found to be 2.1 per 1,000 live births. (chop.edu)

Which of the following indicates the correct path sympathetic nerve fibers take when leaving the spinal cord before returning to a spinal nerve on their way to stimulate arrector pili muscles and sweat glands in the skin? (easynotecards.com)
Nerve fibers of the _______________ division of the autonomic nervous system arise from the brainstem and the sacral region of the spinal cord. (easynotecards.com)
Preganglionic fibers exit the spinal cord in the ventral roots of spinal nerves. (easynotecards.com)

The proper assessment and reporting of postoperative functional recovery should be undertaken following facial DFSP resection and consideration should be given to a multidisciplinary treatment approach. (jcadonline.com)
Postoperative complication was in 1 case (5%) as facial nerve affection. (ekb.eg)

It has reduced sensitivity to rotation and movement while offering increased EMG responses that facilitate improved nerve dissection. (medtronic.com)
The parotid gland substance is sectioned overlying each branch of the facial nerve using ultrasonic dissection or hemostatic scalpel, allowing mobilization of the proximal segment and upper and lower divisions of the facial nerve. (elsevier.com)

The current gold standard for dynamic reconstruction of facial motion is microneurovascular muscle transfer. (chop.edu)
Dr. Sandel has extensive experience in performing facial reconstruction procedures. (sandelduggal.com)
What Is a Facial Reconstruction? (sandelduggal.com)
Why Might I Consider Facial Reconstruction? (sandelduggal.com)
Facial reconstruction can also correct functional impairments caused by traumatic injury or illness. (sandelduggal.com)
No matter how minor or severe your facial injury or disfigurement, facial reconstruction can help. (sandelduggal.com)
How Do Surgeons Perform Facial Reconstruction? (sandelduggal.com)
Dr. Sandel uses many different procedures in facial reconstruction. (sandelduggal.com)

HEENT -Understand the Cranial nerves involved with the Head, Neck, and Shoulders. (coursehero.com)
Within the second step, the gracilis muscle is taken from the thighs and stuck with cross-nerve grating and vein of the neck. (shopsjtec.com)

Afferent fibers from the anterior two thirds of the tongue enter the geniculate ganglion with the chorda tympani, as the greater and lesser petrosal nerve emerge from the superior part. (medscape.com)
The facial nerve extends from the brainstem and contains approximately 10,000 individual nerve fibers. (drscottkay.com)
Nerve fibers of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system originate in which of the following segments of the central nervous system? (easynotecards.com)
In which of the following cranial nerves do the parasympathetic preganglionic nerve fibers that innervate organs of the thorax and upper abdomen occur? (easynotecards.com)
In which of the following segments do the parasympathetic preganglionic nerve fibers that send signals to organs within the pelvic cavity originate? (easynotecards.com)
Which of the following is true about the nerve fibers of sympathetic motor neurons? (easynotecards.com)
Parasympathetic fibers that innervate organs in the abdominopelvic cavity are conveyed in the _______________ nerve or arise from spinal nerves in the ______________ region. (easynotecards.com)

What is the Vagus Nerve? (healthline.com)
The vagus nerve is the longest of the 12 cranial nerves. (healthline.com)

That's going to leave some abnormal facial movement in the face. (utahfacialplastics.com)
Simply stated, because vaccines are neurotoxic and could conceivably cause specific nerves in the spine to be inflamed and thus damaged, the spine is pulled out of alignment, resulting in an abnormal curvature of the spine (scoliosis). (deeprootsathome.com)

The medial cutaneous nerve is located in the arm. (healthline.com)
and the trochlear nerve, on its way to the surface, runs downwards in its concavity and on its medial aspect. (co.ma)

Primary end-to-end nerve anastomosis and cable graft interposition have shown to produce better functional outcomes than nerve substitution techniques. (medscape.com)
Facial reanimation may be achieved by cross nerve anastomosis. (dr-salem.com)

The key to successful nerve grafting is careful coaptation of the nerve ends without tension. (medscape.com)
Common facial nerve reanimation techniques include coaptation to the masseteric or hypoglossal nerve. (elsevier.com)

This helps in monitoring the acoustic nerve , brainstem and cerebral cortex. (medicalonlinedirectory.com)

and restoring function to facial nerves, tear ducts, or salivary glands. (sandelduggal.com)

But now there is an alternative - Facial Autologous Muscular Injection (FAMI™) - which has transformed the way physicians approach non-invasive facial rejuvenation by offering a unique alternative to the traditional facelift, without scars, general anaesthesia or even a scalpel. (connorpr.com)

However, an eye doctor (ophthalmologist) may be able to detect damage to the optic nerve caused by untreated high blood pressure. (stroke.org)

The nerve extends from the brain stem, at the pons and the medulla. (healthline.com)

Studies show that the rate of RLN injury is under-estimated 1-6 and intraoperative nerve monitoring of the RLN is recommended as a risk-minimizing tool. (medtronic.com)

Anatomy44

Diseases32

Chemicals and Drugs3

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment16

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes3

Disciplines and Occupations1

Electrical stimulation as a therapeutic option to improve eyelid function in chronic facial nerve disorders. (1/372)

Spontaneous CSF otorrhea caused by abnormal development of the facial nerve canal. (2/372)

Ramsay Hunt syndrome associated with brain stem enhancement. (3/372)

Cardiac inotropic, chronotropic, and dromotropic actions of subretrofacial neurons of cat RVLM. (4/372)

Isolated dysarthria due to extracerebellar lacunar stroke: a central monoparesis of the tongue. (5/372)

MR imaging of Dejerine-Sottas disease. (6/372)

Hoxa2 and Hoxb2 control dorsoventral patterns of neuronal development in the rostral hindbrain. (7/372)

Exacerbation of facial motoneuron loss after facial nerve transection in severe combined immunodeficient (scid) mice. (8/372)

Facial Nerve

Facial Nerve Diseases

Facial Nerve Injuries

Facial Paralysis

Facial Muscles

Cranial Nerve Neoplasms

Neuroma, Acoustic

Facial Expression

Mastoid

Temporal Bone

Bell Palsy

Hemifacial Spasm

Otologic Surgical Procedures

Sciatic Nerve

Parotid Neoplasms

Nerve Regeneration

Peripheral Nerves

Facial Bones

Neurilemmoma

Face

Facial Asymmetry

Nerve Fibers

Facial Injuries

Cerebellopontine Angle

Cranial Nerves

Optic Nerve

Axotomy

Trigeminal Nerve

Nerve Compression Syndromes

Nerve Transfer

Parotid Gland

Mandibular Nerve

Facial Dermatoses

Eyelids

Mobius Syndrome

Vestibulocochlear Nerve

Herpes Zoster Oticus

Ear, Middle

Nerve Block

Geniculate Ganglion

Neuritis

Nerve Endings

Skull Fractures

Sural Nerve

Motor Neurons

Facial Pain

Facial Neoplasms

Median Nerve

Blinking

Spasm

Nerve Crush

Glossopharyngeal Nerve

Parotid Diseases

Ear Canal

Peripheral Nerve Injuries

Tibial Nerve

Ulnar Nerve

Ankylosis

Accessory Nerve

Lingual Nerve

Neural Conduction

Femoral Nerve

Spinal Nerves

Axons

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Blepharospasm

Cranial Nerve Diseases

Decompression, Surgical

Nerve Growth Factors

Nerve Growth Factor

Cranial Fossa, Posterior

Hypoglossal Nerve

Mandibular Injuries

Nerve Degeneration

Vibrissae

Phrenic Nerve

Retrograde Degeneration

Chorda Tympani Nerve

Temporal Muscle

Radial Nerve