Exercise test. Medical search

Controlled physical activity which is performed in order to allow assessment of physiological functions, particularly cardiovascular and pulmonary, but also aerobic capacity. Maximal (most intense) exercise is usually required but submaximal exercise is also used.

The exercise capacity of an individual as measured by endurance (maximal exercise duration and/or maximal attained work load) during an EXERCISE TEST.

Physical activity which is usually regular and done with the intention of improving or maintaining PHYSICAL FITNESS or HEALTH. Contrast with PHYSICAL EXERTION which is concerned largely with the physiologic and metabolic response to energy expenditure.

A regimen or plan of physical activities designed and prescribed for specific therapeutic goals. Its purpose is to restore normal musculoskeletal function or to reduce pain caused by diseases or injuries.

Expenditure of energy during PHYSICAL ACTIVITY. Intensity of exertion may be measured by rate of OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; HEAT produced, or HEART RATE. Perceived exertion, a psychological measure of exertion, is included.

The rate at which oxygen is used by a tissue; microliters of oxygen STPD used per milligram of tissue per hour; the rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas, equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body. (Stedman, 25th ed, p346)

The time span between the beginning of physical activity by an individual and the termination because of exhaustion.

The oxygen consumption level above which aerobic energy production is supplemented by anaerobic mechanisms during exercise, resulting in a sustained increase in lactate concentration and metabolic acidosis. The anaerobic threshold is affected by factors that modify oxygen delivery to the tissues; it is low in patients with heart disease. Methods of measurement include direct measure of lactate concentration, direct measurement of bicarbonate concentration, and gas exchange measurements.

The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.

The ability to carry out daily tasks and perform physical activities in a highly functional state, often as a result of physical conditioning.

Asthma attacks following a period of exercise. Usually the induced attack is short-lived and regresses spontaneously. The magnitude of postexertional airway obstruction is strongly influenced by the environment in which exercise is performed (i.e. inhalation of cold air during physical exertion markedly augments the severity of the airway obstruction; conversely, warm humid air blunts or abolishes it).

The use of a bicycle for transportation or recreation. It does not include the use of a bicycle in studying the body's response to physical exertion (BICYCLE ERGOMETRY TEST see EXERCISE TEST).

The exchange of OXYGEN and CARBON DIOXIDE between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood that occurs across the BLOOD-AIR BARRIER.

Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.

A subtype of striated muscle, attached by TENDONS to the SKELETON. Skeletal muscles are innervated and their movement can be consciously controlled. They are also called voluntary muscles.

The symptom of paroxysmal pain consequent to MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA usually of distinctive character, location and radiation. It is thought to be provoked by a transient stressful situation during which the oxygen requirements of the MYOCARDIUM exceed that supplied by the CORONARY CIRCULATION.

A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

Any method of measuring the amount of work done by an organism, usually during PHYSICAL EXERTION. Ergometry also includes measures of power. Some instruments used in these determinations include the hand crank and the bicycle ergometer.

Freedom from activity.

Activities or games, usually involving physical effort or skill. Reasons for engagement in sports include pleasure, competition, and/or financial reward.

An activity in which the body is propelled by moving the legs rapidly. Running is performed at a moderate to rapid pace and should be differentiated from JOGGING, which is performed at a much slower pace.

Measurement of the various processes involved in the act of respiration: inspiration, expiration, oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange, lung volume and compliance, etc.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

Difficult or labored breathing.

An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.

The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (= OXYGEN CONSUMPTION) or cell respiration (= CELL RESPIRATION).

The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

Processes and properties of the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM as a whole or of any of its parts.

Instructional programs in the care and development of the body, often in schools. The concept does not include prescribed exercises, which is EXERCISE THERAPY.

An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.

An activity in which the body advances at a slow to moderate pace by moving the feet in a coordinated fashion. This includes recreational walking, walking for fitness, and competitive race-walking.

Therapeutic exercises aimed to deepen inspiration or expiration or even to alter the rate and rhythm of respiration.

Measure of the maximum amount of air that can be expelled in a given number of seconds during a FORCED VITAL CAPACITY determination . It is usually given as FEV followed by a subscript indicating the number of seconds over which the measurement is made, although it is sometimes given as a percentage of forced vital capacity.

A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.

A measurement of OXYGEN uptake in a sitting, resting person (resting oxygen consumption), varying with age, sex, race, and other factors. In normal adult men, one MET is approximately 3.5 ml O2/kg/min of body weight. Oxygen uptake during activities or work can be measured in METs which can be use to determine health status and exercise prescription.

The volume of BLOOD passing through the HEART per unit of time. It is usually expressed as liters (volume) per minute so as not to be confused with STROKE VOLUME (volume per beat).

The amount of BLOOD pumped out of the HEART per beat, not to be confused with cardiac output (volume/time). It is calculated as the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume.

Studies comparing two or more treatments or interventions in which the subjects or patients, upon completion of the course of one treatment, are switched to another. In the case of two treatments, A and B, half the subjects are randomly allocated to receive these in the order A, B and half to receive them in the order B, A. A criticism of this design is that effects of the first treatment may carry over into the period when the second is given. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

Salts or esters of LACTIC ACID containing the general formula CH3CHOHCOOR.

A state arrived at through prolonged and strong contraction of a muscle. Studies in athletes during prolonged submaximal exercise have shown that muscle fatigue increases in almost direct proportion to the rate of muscle glycogen depletion. Muscle fatigue in short-term maximal exercise is associated with oxygen lack and an increased level of blood and muscle lactic acid, and an accompanying increase in hydrogen-ion concentration in the exercised muscle.

A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.

A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

A type of strength-building exercise program that requires the body muscle to exert a force against some form of resistance, such as weight, stretch bands, water, or immovable objects. Resistance exercise is a combination of static and dynamic contractions involving shortening and lengthening of skeletal muscles.

Glycogenosis due to muscle phosphorylase deficiency. Characterized by painful cramps following sustained exercise.

The total volume of gas inspired or expired per unit of time, usually measured in liters per minute.

The inferior part of the lower extremity between the KNEE and the ANKLE.

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

Individuals who have developed skills, physical stamina and strength or participants in SPORTS or other physical activities.

Exercises that stretch the muscle fibers with the aim to increase muscle-tendon FLEXIBILITY, improve RANGE OF MOTION or musculoskeletal function, and prevent injuries. There are various types of stretching techniques including active, passive (relaxed), static, dynamic (gentle), ballistic (forced), isometric, and others.

The amount of force generated by MUSCLE CONTRACTION. Muscle strength can be measured during isometric, isotonic, or isokinetic contraction, either manually or using a device such as a MUSCLE STRENGTH DYNAMOMETER.

The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.

Drugs that bind to but do not activate beta-adrenergic receptors thereby blocking the actions of beta-adrenergic agonists. Adrenergic beta-antagonists are used for treatment of hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris, glaucoma, migraine headaches, and anxiety.

A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).

The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.

ANGINA PECTORIS or angina-like chest pain with a normal coronary arteriogram and positive EXERCISE TEST. The cause of the syndrome is unknown. While its recognition is of clinical importance, its prognosis is excellent. (Braunwald, Heart Disease, 4th ed, p1346; Jablonski Dictionary of Syndromes & Eponymic Diseases, 2d ed). It is different from METABOLIC SYNDROME X, a syndrome characterized by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA, that has increased risk for cardiovascular disease.

The non-genetic biological changes of an organism in response to challenges in its ENVIRONMENT.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

A pulmonary ventilation rate faster than is metabolically necessary for the exchange of gases. It is the result of an increased frequency of breathing, an increased tidal volume, or a combination of both. It causes an excess intake of oxygen and the blowing off of carbon dioxide.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

Measurement of volume of air inhaled or exhaled by the lung.

Measure of the maximum amount of air that can be breathed in and blown out over a sustained interval such as 15 or 20 seconds. Common abbreviations are MVV and MBC.

Physiological processes and properties of the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM as a whole or of any of its parts.

The chemical reactions involved in the production and utilization of various forms of energy in cells.

Method in which prolonged electrocardiographic recordings are made on a portable tape recorder (Holter-type system) or solid-state device ("real-time" system), while the patient undergoes normal daily activities. It is useful in the diagnosis and management of intermittent cardiac arrhythmias and transient myocardial ischemia.

A disease of chronic diffuse irreversible airflow obstruction. Subcategories of COPD include CHRONIC BRONCHITIS and PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA.

A method in which either the observer(s) or the subject(s) is kept ignorant of the group to which the subjects are assigned.

Radiography of the vascular system of the heart muscle after injection of a contrast medium.

The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.

Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues. The standard approach is transthoracic.

Any disorder marked by obstruction of conducting airways of the lung. AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION may be acute, chronic, intermittent, or persistent.

The quadriceps femoris. A collective name of the four-headed skeletal muscle of the thigh, comprised of the rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis.

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.

Large, hoofed mammals of the family EQUIDAE. Horses are active day and night with most of the day spent seeking and consuming food. Feeding peaks occur in the early morning and late afternoon, and there are several daily periods of rest.

An autosomal dominant familial disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of skeletal muscle weakness associated with falls in serum potassium levels. The condition usually presents in the first or second decade of life with attacks of trunk and leg paresis during sleep or shortly after awakening. Symptoms may persist for hours to days and generally are precipitated by exercise or a meal high in carbohydrates. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1483)

Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care. (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

The physical or mechanical action of the LUNGS; DIAPHRAGM; RIBS; and CHEST WALL during respiration. It includes airflow, lung volume, neural and reflex controls, mechanoreceptors, breathing patterns, etc.

A method of recording heart motion and internal structures by combining ultrasonic imaging with exercise testing (EXERCISE TEST) or pharmacologic stress.

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the left HEART VENTRICLE. Its measurement is an important aspect of the clinical evaluation of patients with heart disease to determine the effects of the disease on cardiac performance.

Measurement of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.

Diet modification and physical exercise to improve the ability of animals to perform physical activities.

Glucose in blood.

A type of cardiac arrhythmia with premature contractions of the HEART VENTRICLES. It is characterized by the premature QRS complex on ECG that is of abnormal shape and great duration (generally >129 msec). It is the most common form of all cardiac arrhythmias. Premature ventricular complexes have no clinical significance except in concurrence with heart diseases.

Unstable isotopes of thallium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Tl atoms with atomic weights 198-202, 204, and 206-210 are thallium radioisotopes.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).

Examinations used to diagnose and treat heart conditions.

The volume of air that is exhaled by a maximal expiration following a maximal inspiration.

The state of weariness following a period of exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased capacity for work and reduced efficiency to respond to stimuli.

These include the muscles of the DIAPHRAGM and the INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES.

A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.

A vertical distance measured from a known level on the surface of a planet or other celestial body.

Radiography of the heart and great vessels after injection of a contrast medium.

Chairs mounted on wheels and designed to be propelled by the occupant.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

Methods or programs of physical activities which can be used to promote, maintain, or restore the physical and physiological well-being of an individual.

The physical activity of a human or an animal as a behavioral phenomenon.

A symptom complex characterized by pain and weakness in SKELETAL MUSCLE group associated with exercise, such as leg pain and weakness brought on by walking. Such muscle limpness disappears after a brief rest and is often relates to arterial STENOSIS; muscle ISCHEMIA; and accumulation of LACTATE.

A group of conditions in which HEART VENTRICLE activation by the atrial impulse is faster than the normal impulse conduction from the SINOATRIAL NODE. In these pre-excitation syndromes, atrial impulses often bypass the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE delay and travel via ACCESSORY CONDUCTING PATHWAYS connecting the atrium directly to the BUNDLE OF HIS.

Measurement of the amount of air that the lungs may contain at various points in the respiratory cycle.

A heavy, bluish white metal, atomic number 81, atomic weight [204.382; 204.385], symbol Tl.

A vasodilator used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS. Its actions are similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a slower onset of action.

A sport in which weights are lifted competitively or as an exercise.

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.

A generic concept reflecting concern with the modification and enhancement of life attributes, e.g., physical, political, moral and social environment; the overall condition of a human life.

A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left ventricular wall.

A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752)

A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.

Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.

Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause.

The relative amounts of various components in the body, such as percentage of body fat.

Period of contraction of the HEART, especially of the HEART VENTRICLES.

A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.

A low-molecular-weight fragment of heparin, prepared by nitrous acid depolymerization of porcine mucosal heparin. The mean molecular weight is 4000-6000 daltons. It is used therapeutically as an antithrombotic agent. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)

A general class of ortho-dihydroxyphenylalkylamines derived from tyrosine.

The airflow rate measured during the first liter expired after the first 200 ml have been exhausted during a FORCED VITAL CAPACITY determination. Common abbreviations are MEFR, FEF 200-1200, and FEF 0.2-1.2.

Measurement of intracardiac blood flow using an M-mode and/or two-dimensional (2-D) echocardiogram while simultaneously recording the spectrum of the audible Doppler signal (e.g., velocity, direction, amplitude, intensity, timing) reflected from the moving column of red blood cells.

Pressure, burning, or numbness in the chest.

The act of BREATHING out.

Relatively complete absence of oxygen in one or more tissues.

AMINO ALCOHOLS containing the propanolamine (NH2CH2CHOHCH2) group and its derivatives.

A vague complaint of debility, fatigue, or exhaustion attributable to weakness of various muscles. The weakness can be characterized as subacute or chronic, often progressive, and is a manifestation of many muscle and neuromuscular diseases. (From Wyngaarden et al., Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p2251)

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

The active sympathomimetic hormone from the ADRENAL MEDULLA. It stimulates both the alpha- and beta- adrenergic systems, causes systemic VASOCONSTRICTION and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the HEART, and dilates BRONCHI and cerebral vessels. It is used in ASTHMA and CARDIAC FAILURE and to delay absorption of local ANESTHETICS.

A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.

The pressure that would be exerted by one component of a mixture of gases if it were present alone in a container. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

The circulation of blood through the CORONARY VESSELS of the HEART.

The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.

Drugs used to cause dilation of the blood vessels.

An indicator of body density as determined by the relationship of BODY WEIGHT to BODY HEIGHT. BMI=weight (kg)/height squared (m2). BMI correlates with body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE). Their relationship varies with age and gender. For adults, BMI falls into these categories: below 18.5 (underweight); 18.5-24.9 (normal); 25.0-29.9 (overweight); 30.0 and above (obese). (National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

A partial or complete return to the normal or proper physiologic activity of an organ or part following disease or trauma.

A method of computed tomography that uses radionuclides which emit a single photon of a given energy. The camera is rotated 180 or 360 degrees around the patient to capture images at multiple positions along the arc. The computer is then used to reconstruct the transaxial, sagittal, and coronal images from the 3-dimensional distribution of radionuclides in the organ. The advantages of SPECT are that it can be used to observe biochemical and physiological processes as well as size and volume of the organ. The disadvantage is that, unlike positron-emission tomography where the positron-electron annihilation results in the emission of 2 photons at 180 degrees from each other, SPECT requires physical collimation to line up the photons, which results in the loss of many available photons and hence degrades the image.

A noninvasive technique that uses the differential absorption properties of hemoglobin and myoglobin to evaluate tissue oxygenation and indirectly can measure regional hemodynamics and blood flow. Near-infrared light (NIR) can propagate through tissues and at particular wavelengths is differentially absorbed by oxygenated vs. deoxygenated forms of hemoglobin and myoglobin. Illumination of intact tissue with NIR allows qualitative assessment of changes in the tissue concentration of these molecules. The analysis is also used to determine body composition.

A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.

A class of statistical methods applicable to a large set of probability distributions used to test for correlation, location, independence, etc. In most nonparametric statistical tests, the original scores or observations are replaced by another variable containing less information. An important class of nonparametric tests employs the ordinal properties of the data. Another class of tests uses information about whether an observation is above or below some fixed value such as the median, and a third class is based on the frequency of the occurrence of runs in the data. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1284; Corsini, Concise Encyclopedia of Psychology, 1987, p764-5)

Studies to determine the advantages or disadvantages, practicability, or capability of accomplishing a projected plan, study, or project.

Post-systolic relaxation of the HEART, especially the HEART VENTRICLES.

Imaging of a ventricle of the heart after the injection of a radioactive contrast medium. The technique is less invasive than cardiac catheterization and is used to assess ventricular function.

The act of BREATHING in.

Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.

The amount of a gas taken up, by the pulmonary capillary blood from the alveolar gas, per minute per unit of average pressure of the gradient of the gas across the BLOOD-AIR BARRIER.

A transferase that catalyzes formation of PHOSPHOCREATINE from ATP + CREATINE. The reaction stores ATP energy as phosphocreatine. Three cytoplasmic ISOENZYMES have been identified in human tissues: the MM type from SKELETAL MUSCLE, the MB type from myocardial tissue and the BB type from nervous tissue as well as a mitochondrial isoenzyme. Macro-creatine kinase refers to creatine kinase complexed with other serum proteins.

Small-scale tests of methods and procedures to be used on a larger scale if the pilot study demonstrates that these methods and procedures can work.

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.

The force that opposes the flow of BLOOD through a vascular bed. It is equal to the difference in BLOOD PRESSURE across the vascular bed divided by the CARDIAC OUTPUT.

Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.

The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)

Procedures in which placement of CARDIAC CATHETERS is performed for therapeutic or diagnostic procedures.

A beta-adrenergic antagonist used in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, arrhythmias, and anxiety.

A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the acceptable or desirable weight, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).

A measure of the amount of WATER VAPOR in the air.

Unexpected rapid natural death due to cardiovascular collapse within one hour of initial symptoms. It is usually caused by the worsening of existing heart diseases. The sudden onset of symptoms, such as CHEST PAIN and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS, particularly VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA, can lead to the loss of consciousness and cardiac arrest followed by biological death. (from Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, 7th ed., 2005)

Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.

Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers and of the diffuse projection system in the brain arising from the locus ceruleus. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.

Diseases characterized by MYOTONIA, which may be inherited or acquired. Myotonia may be restricted to certain muscles (e.g., intrinsic hand muscles) or occur as a generalized condition.

The continuation of the axillary artery; it branches into the radial and ulnar arteries.

Measurement of the maximum rate of airflow attained during a FORCED VITAL CAPACITY determination. Common abbreviations are PEFR and PFR.

A distribution in which a variable is distributed like the sum of the squares of any given independent random variable, each of which has a normal distribution with mean of zero and variance of one. The chi-square test is a statistical test based on comparison of a test statistic to a chi-square distribution. The oldest of these tests are used to detect whether two or more population distributions differ from one another.

The lower right and left chambers of the heart. The right ventricle pumps venous BLOOD into the LUNGS and the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic arterial circulation.

The volume of air inspired or expired during each normal, quiet respiratory cycle. Common abbreviations are TV or V with subscript T.

The position or attitude of the body.

A state of subnormal or depressed cardiac output at rest or during stress. It is a characteristic of CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, including congenital, valvular, rheumatic, hypertensive, coronary, and cardiomyopathic. The serious form of low cardiac output is characterized by marked reduction in STROKE VOLUME, and systemic vasoconstriction resulting in cold, pale, and sometimes cyanotic extremities.

A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects.

An activity in which the body is propelled through water by specific movement of the arms and/or the legs. Swimming as propulsion through water by the movement of limbs, tail, or fins of animals is often studied as a form of PHYSICAL EXERTION or endurance.

A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.

Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.

The transference of a heart from one human or animal to another.

The process of exocrine secretion of the SWEAT GLANDS, including the aqueous sweat from the ECCRINE GLANDS and the complex viscous fluids of the APOCRINE GLANDS.

Statistical models in which the value of a parameter for a given value of a factor is assumed to be equal to a + bx, where a and b are constants. The models predict a linear regression.

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.

The physiological widening of BLOOD VESSELS by relaxing the underlying VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE.

A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.

Prosthetic replacements for arms, legs, and parts thereof.

Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.

Diseases of the respiratory system in general or unspecified or for a specific respiratory disease not available.

Part of the arm in humans and primates extending from the ELBOW to the WRIST.

An endogenous substance found mainly in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. It has been tried in the treatment of cardiac disorders and has been added to cardioplegic solutions. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1996)

The ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; and SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM taken together. Generally speaking, the autonomic nervous system regulates the internal environment during both peaceful activity and physical or emotional stress. Autonomic activity is controlled and integrated by the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, especially the HYPOTHALAMUS and the SOLITARY NUCLEUS, which receive information relayed from VISCERAL AFFERENTS.

The mixture of gases present in the earth's atmosphere consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases.

A syndrome characterized by persistent or recurrent fatigue, diffuse musculoskeletal pain, sleep disturbances, and subjective cognitive impairment of 6 months duration or longer. Symptoms are not caused by ongoing exertion; are not relieved by rest; and result in a substantial reduction of previous levels of occupational, educational, social, or personal activities. Minor alterations of immune, neuroendocrine, and autonomic function may be associated with this syndrome. There is also considerable overlap between this condition and FIBROMYALGIA. (From Semin Neurol 1998;18(2):237-42; Ann Intern Med 1994 Dec 15;121(12): 953-9)

Products in capsule, tablet or liquid form that provide dietary ingredients, and that are intended to be taken by mouth to increase the intake of nutrients. Dietary supplements can include macronutrients, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and fats; and/or MICRONUTRIENTS, such as VITAMINS; MINERALS; and PHYTOCHEMICALS.

Muscular contractions characterized by increase in tension without change in length.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).

Narrowing of the caliber of the BRONCHI, physiologically or as a result of pharmacological intervention.

A set of techniques used when variation in several variables has to be studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables.

The period following a surgical operation.

Force exerted when gripping or grasping.

A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease that is characterized by ventricular dilation, VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION, and HEART FAILURE. Risk factors include SMOKING; ALCOHOL DRINKING; HYPERTENSION; INFECTION; PREGNANCY; and mutations in the LMNA gene encoding LAMIN TYPE A, a NUCLEAR LAMINA protein.

Enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (CITRIC ACID CYCLE). It catalyzes the reaction of oxaloacetate and acetyl CoA to form citrate and coenzyme A. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 4.1.3.7.

A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).

The performance of the basic activities of self care, such as dressing, ambulation, or eating.

Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG DISEASES.

Volume of circulating BLOOD. It is the sum of the PLASMA VOLUME and ERYTHROCYTE VOLUME.

Agents that cause an increase in the expansion of a bronchus or bronchial tubes.

The giving of drugs, chemicals, or other substances by mouth.

Energy cost of sport rock climbing in elite performers. (1/6923)

OBJECTIVES: To assess oxygen uptake (VO2), blood lactate concentration ([La(b)]), and heart rate (HR) response during indoor and outdoor sport climbing. METHODS: Seven climbers aged 25 (SE 1) years, with a personal best ascent without preview or fall (on sight) ranging from 6b to 7a were assessed using an indoor vertical treadmill with artificial rock hand/foot holds and a discontinuous protocol with climbing velocity incremented until voluntary fatigue. On a separate occasion the subjects performed a 23.4 m outdoor rock climb graded 5c and taking 7 min 36 s (SE 33 s) to complete. Cardiorespiratory parameters were measured using a telemetry system and [La(b)] collected at rest and after climbing. RESULTS: Indoor climbing elicited a peak oxygen uptake (VO2climb-peak) and peak HR (HRpeak) of 43.8 (SE 2.2) ml/kg/min and 190 (SE 4) bpm, respectively and increased blood lactate concentration [La(b)] from 1.4 (0.1) to 10.2 (0.6) mmol/l (p < 0.05). During outdoor climbing VO2 and HR increased to about 75% and 83% of VO2climb-peak and HRpeak, respectively. [La(b)] increased from 1.3 (0.1) at rest to 4.5 mmol/l (p < 0.05) at 2 min 32 s (8 s) after completion of the climb. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that for elite climbers outdoor sport rock climbs of five to 10 minutes' duration and moderate difficulty require a significant portion of the VO2climb-peak. The higher HR and VO2 for outdoor climbing and the increased [La(b)] could be the result of repeated isometric contractions, particularly from the arm and forearm muscles. (+info)

Prognostic value of myocardial perfusion imaging in patients with high exercise tolerance. (2/6923)

BACKGROUND: Although high exercise tolerance is associated with an excellent prognosis, the significance of abnormal myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in patients with high exercise tolerance has not been established. This study retrospectively compares the utility of MPI and exercise ECG (EECG) in these patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: Of 388 consecutive patients who underwent exercise MPI and reached at least Bruce stage IV, 157 (40.5%) had abnormal results and 231 (59.5%) had normal results. Follow-up was performed at 18+/-2.7 months. Adverse events, including revascularization, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death, occurred in 40 patients. Nineteen patients had revascularization related to the MPI results or the patient's condition at the time of MPI and were not included in further analysis. Seventeen patients (12.2%) with abnormal MPI and 4 (1.7%) with normal MPI had adverse cardiac events (P<0.001). Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis showed that MPI was an excellent predictor of cardiac events (global chi2=13.2; P<0.001; relative risk=8; 95% CI=3 to 23) but EECG had no predictive power (global chi2=0.05; P=0.8; relative risk=1; 95% CI=0.4 to 3.0). The addition of Duke's treadmill score risk categories did not improve the predictive power of EECG (global chi2=0.17). The predictive power of the combination of EECG (including Duke score categories) and MPI was no better than that of MPI alone (global chi2=13.5). CONCLUSIONS: Unlike EECG, MPI is an excellent prognostic indicator for adverse cardiac events in patients with known or suspected CAD and high exercise tolerance. (+info)

Energy cost of propulsion in standard and ultralight wheelchairs in people with spinal cord injuries. (3/6923)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Wheelchair- and subject-related factors influence the efficiency of wheelchair propulsion. The purpose of this study was to compare wheelchair propulsion in ultralight and standard wheelchairs in people with different levels of spinal cord injury. SUBJECTS: Seventy-four subjects (mean age=26.2 years, SD=7.14, range=17-50) with spinal cord injury resulting in motor loss (30 with tetraplegia and 44 with paraplegia) were studied. METHOD: Each subject propelled standard and ultralight wheelchairs around an outdoor track at self-selected speeds, while data were collected at 4 predetermined intervals. Speed, distance traveled, and oxygen cost (VO2 mL/kg/m) were compared by wheelchair, group, and over time, using a Bonferroni correction. RESULTS: In the ultralight wheelchair, speed and distance traveled were greater for both subjects with paraplegia and subjects with tetraplegia, whereas VO2 was less only for subjects with paraplegia. Subjects with paraplegia propelled faster and farther than did subjects with tetraplegia. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION: The ultralight wheelchair improved the efficiency of propulsion in the tested subjects. Subjects with tetraplegia, especially at the C6 level, are limited in their ability to propel a wheelchair. (+info)

Phase reversal of biomechanical functions and muscle activity in backward pedaling. (4/6923)

Computer simulations of pedaling have shown that a wide range of pedaling tasks can be performed if each limb has the capability of executing six biomechanical functions, which are arranged into three pairs of alternating antagonistic functions. An Ext/Flex pair accelerates the limb into extension or flexion, a Plant/Dorsi pair accelerates the foot into plantarflexion or dorsiflexion, and an Ant/Post pair accelerates the foot anteriorly or posteriorly relative to the pelvis. Because each biomechanical function (i.e., Ext, Flex, Plant, Dorsi, Ant, or Post) contributes to crank propulsion during a specific region in the cycle, phasing of a muscle is hypothesized to be a consequence of its ability to contribute to one or more of the biomechanical functions. Analysis of electromyogram (EMG) patterns has shown that this biomechanical framework assists in the interpretation of muscle activity in healthy and hemiparetic subjects during forward pedaling. Simulations show that backward pedaling can be produced with a phase shift of 180 degrees in the Ant/Post pair. No phase shifts in the Ext/Flex and Plant/Dorsi pairs are then necessary. To further test whether this simple yet biomechanically viable strategy may be used by the nervous system, EMGs from 7 muscles in 16 subjects were measured during backward as well as forward pedaling. As predicted, phasing in vastus medialis (VM), tibialis anterior (TA), medial gastrocnemius (MG), and soleus (SL) were unaffected by pedaling direction, with VM and SL contributing to Ext, MG to Plant, and TA to Dorsi. In contrast, phasing in biceps femoris (BF) and semimembranosus (SM) were affected by pedaling direction, as predicted, compatible with their contribution to the directionally sensitive Post function. Phasing of rectus femoris (RF) was also affected by pedaling direction; however, its ability to contribute to the directionally sensitive Ant function may only be expressed in forward pedaling. RF also contributed significantly to the directionally insensitive Ext function in both forward and backward pedaling. Other muscles also appear to have contributed to more than one function, which was especially evident in backward pedaling (i.e. , BF, SM, MG, and TA to Flex). We conclude that the phasing of only the Ant and Post biomechanical functions are directionally sensitive. Further, we suggest that task-dependent modulation of the expression of the functions in the motor output provides this biomechanics-based neural control scheme with the capability to execute a variety of lower limb tasks, including walking. (+info)

Development of a 12-min treadmill walk test at a self-selected pace for the evaluation of cardiorespiratory fitness in adult men. (5/6923)

The direct measurement of true maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and oxygen uptake corresponding to anaerobic threshold (VO2AT) is not always practical, especially in middle age and older populations. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop a simple test that could accurately estimate cardiorespiratory fitness using a submaximal treadmill walking protocol for middle age, older, sedentary individuals and patients with chronic disease. Subjects for this study were 42 men (44.9 +/- 15.7 years), which included 17 patients with coronary heart disease (57.0 +/- 9.6 years). VO2peak and VO2AT were measured using a treadmill protocol (VO2peak; 38.4 +/- 11.6 ml/kg/min, VO2AT; 22.9 +/- 7.4 ml/kg/min). This simple test assessed the total distance covered in 12 minutes on the treadmill at an intensity corresponding to either 1) 11 on the Borg scale of ratings of perceived exertion (RPE11), 2) 13 on the Borg scale of ratings of perceived exertion (RPE13), or 3) "Optimal" by subjective judgment. The correlation coefficients between VO2peak or VO2AT and total distance at the three intensities (RPE11; 950 +/- 100 m, RPE13; 1080 +/- 140 m Optimal; 1050 +/- 110 m) were statistically significant, ranging from 0.72 to 0.85. The test-retest reliability coefficient on 12 subjects was 0.98. The oxygen uptake (VO2) was measured during the three walk tests on 15 subjects. There were no significant changes in submaximal VO2 values from min 4 to min 12 (RPE11; 19.8 +/- 4.7 ml/kg/min, RPE13; 24.1 +/- 4.9 ml/kg/min, Optimal; 23.1 +/- 4.8 ml/kg/min) in any of the three tests. Similarly, the three submaximal VO2 values did not differ from the VO2AT value (21.2 +/- 8.3 ml/kg/min) obtained in the initial maximal test. These results suggest that the 12-min submaximal treadmill walk test (STWT) is a valid method for the assessment of VO2peak and VO2AT. Therefore, the STWT could be a useful performance test for evaluating cardiorespiratory fitness in middle age, older, sedentary individuals and patients with chronic disease. (+info)

Echo derived variables predicting exercise tolerance in patients with dilated and poorly functioning left ventricle. (6/6923)

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether resting echo derived measurements predict exercise tolerance and its interrelation with heart rate response and ventilation drive in patients with systolic left ventricular disease. DESIGN: Prospective echocardiographic examination followed by cardiopulmonary exercise testing. SETTING: A tertiary referral centre for cardiac diseases. SUBJECTS: 21 patients (11 with coronary artery disease, 10 with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy) with end diastolic dimension > 6.4 cm, shortening fraction < 25%, and in sinus rhythm. There were 11 age matched normal controls. RESULTS: In the patients, peak oxygen consumption (mVo2) correlated with right ventricular long axis excursion (r = 0.62); 65% of the variance in mVo2 was predictable using a multivariate model with right ventricular long axis excursion and peak lengthening rate, and peak mitral atrial filling velocity as independent variables. Aetiology was not an independent predictor, although the right ventricular long axis excursion (mean (SD)) was greater in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy than in those with coronary artery disease (2.4 (0.5) cm v 1.6 (0.5) cm, p < 0.001). Peak heart rate correlated with duration of mitral regurgitation (r = -0.52) and the slope of ventilation against CO2 production correlated with M mode isovolumic relaxation time (r = 0.61). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with systolic left ventricular dysfunction, more than half the variance in exercise tolerance can be predicted by factors measured on echocardiography at rest, particularly right ventricular long axis excursion. (+info)

Expression of the cell adhesion molecules on leukocytes that demarginate during acute maximal exercise. (7/6923)

The pulmonary vascular bed is an important reservoir for the marginated pool of leukocytes that can be mobilized by exercise or catecholamines. This study was designed to determine the phenotypic characteristics of leukocytes that are mobilized into the circulation during exercise. Twenty healthy volunteers performed incremental exercise to exhaustion [maximal O2 consumption (VO2 max)] on a cycle ergometer. Blood was collected at baseline, at 3-min intervals during exercise, at VO2 max, and 30 min after exercise. Total white cell, polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN), and lymphocyte counts increased with exercise to VO2 max (P < 0.05). Flow cytometric analysis showed that the mean fluorescence intensity of L-selectin on PMN (from 14.9 +/- 1 at baseline to 9.5 +/- 1.6 at VO2 max, P < 0.05) and lymphocytes (from 11.7 +/- 1.2 at baseline to 8 +/- 0.8 at VO2 max, P < 0.05) decreased with exercise. Mean fluorescence intensity of CD11b on PMN increased with exercise (from 10.2 +/- 0.6 at baseline to 25 +/- 2.5 at VO2 max, P < 0.002) but remained unchanged on lymphocytes. Myeloperoxidase levels in PMN did not change with exercise. In vitro studies showed that neither catecholamines nor plasma collected at VO2 max during exercise changed leukocyte L-selectin or CD11b levels. We conclude that PMN released from the marginated pool during exercise express low levels of L-selectin and high levels of CD11b. (+info)

Influence of body temperature on the development of fatigue during prolonged exercise in the heat. (8/6923)

We investigated whether fatigue during prolonged exercise in uncompensable hot environments occurred at the same critical level of hyperthermia when the initial value and the rate of increase in body temperature are altered. To examine the effect of initial body temperature [esophageal temperature (Tes) = 35.9 +/- 0.2, 37.4 +/- 0. 1, or 38.2 +/- 0.1 (SE) degrees C induced by 30 min of water immersion], seven cyclists (maximal O2 uptake = 5.1 +/- 0.1 l/min) performed three randomly assigned bouts of cycle ergometer exercise (60% maximal O2 uptake) in the heat (40 degrees C) until volitional exhaustion. To determine the influence of rate of heat storage (0.10 vs. 0.05 degrees C/min induced by a water-perfused jacket), four cyclists performed two additional exercise bouts, starting with Tes of 37.0 degrees C. Despite different initial temperatures, all subjects fatigued at an identical level of hyperthermia (Tes = 40. 1-40.2 degrees C, muscle temperature = 40.7-40.9 degrees C, skin temperature = 37.0-37.2 degrees C) and cardiovascular strain (heart rate = 196-198 beats/min, cardiac output = 19.9-20.8 l/min). Time to exhaustion was inversely related to the initial body temperature: 63 +/- 3, 46 +/- 3, and 28 +/- 2 min with initial Tes of approximately 36, 37, and 38 degrees C, respectively (all P < 0.05). Similarly, with different rates of heat storage, all subjects reached exhaustion at similar Tes and muscle temperature (40.1-40.3 and 40. 7-40.9 degrees C, respectively), but with significantly different skin temperature (38.4 +/- 0.4 vs. 35.6 +/- 0.2 degrees C during high vs. low rate of heat storage, respectively, P < 0.05). Time to exhaustion was significantly shorter at the high than at the lower rate of heat storage (31 +/- 4 vs. 56 +/- 11 min, respectively, P < 0.05). Increases in heart rate and reductions in stroke volume paralleled the rise in core temperature (36-40 degrees C), with skin blood flow plateauing at Tes of approximately 38 degrees C. These results demonstrate that high internal body temperature per se causes fatigue in trained subjects during prolonged exercise in uncompensable hot environments. Furthermore, time to exhaustion in hot environments is inversely related to the initial temperature and directly related to the rate of heat storage. (+info)

Exercise stress testing[edit]. Some individuals with atrial fibrillation do well with normal activity but develop shortness of ... An exercise stress test will evaluate the individual's heart rate response to exertion and determine if the AV node blocking ... Long-term endurance exercise that far exceeds the recommended amount of exercise (e.g., long-distance cycling or marathon ... Regular aerobic exercise improves atrial fibrillation symptoms and AF-related quality of life.[15] The effect of high-intensity ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_fibrillation

Exercise testing. *Single-fiber EMG. Treatment[edit]. Symptomatic treatment[edit]. Cholinesterase inhibitors at AChR ... Since the disease is genetic in nature and is not immune-mediated, any serum test will show up negative since congenital ... would be testing for acetylcholine receptor antibodies in patients that had myasthenia gravis resulting in negative tests in ... but this terminology only became present because scientists were testing for the wrong antigen.(reference 36)(reference 38) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuromuscular_junction_disease

Individuals with costochondritis are typically instructed to avoid strenuous physical activity to prevent the onset of an ... "Costochondritis:Tests and diagnosis". Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 26 December 2012.. *^ a b c Sik EC, Batt ME, Heslop LM (March- ... or physical activity.[2][10] On physical examination, a physician inspects and feels the patient for swollen or tender areas, ... Rest from stressful physical activity is often advised during the recovery period.[4] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costochondritis

Pyschosocial Aspects of Sports and Exercise Fitness Testing and Basic Exercise Programming ... Dissolved in 2006 due to the low performance of the incoming batch in the National Achievement Test (NAT). Reinstated in 2009 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polangui_General_Comprehensive_High_School

"Brugada syndrome, exercise, and exercise testing". Clinical Cardiology. 38 (5): 323-6. doi:10.1002/clc.22386. PMC 6711014 ... Genetic testing[edit]. Genetic testing can be helpful to identify patients with Brugada syndrome, most commonly in family ... Provocation testing[edit]. Some medications, particularly antiarrhythmic drugs that block the cardiac sodium current INa, can ... Electrocardiogram (ECG), genetic testing[2][3]. Differential diagnosis. Romano-Ward syndrome, arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brugada_syndrome

Responds to hearing tests (voice localization); however, loses interest quickly and, therefore, may be difficult to test ... May persist with a particular physical activity to the point of exhaustion ... Boasts, exaggerates, and "bends" the truth with made-up stories or claims of boldness; tests the limits with "bathroom" talk. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infant_and_child_psychology

"Subclassifying chronic fatigue syndrome through exercise testing". Med Sci Sports Exerc. 35 (6): 908-13. doi:10.1249/01.MSS. ... The report also noted that a focus on exercise programs had discouraged patient participation in other types of physical ... Exercise therapy[edit]. In 2017, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended light exercises and stretching ... As with CBT, patient organisations have long criticised the use of exercise therapy, most notably GET, as a treatment for CFS.[ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathophysiology_of_chronic_fatigue_syndrome

"Stratifying Symptomatic Patients Using the Exercise Test and Other Tools". Exercise Stress Testing for Primary Care and Sports ... The calculation is done based on the information obtained from an exercise test by this formula: [exercise duration by Bruce ... and two if non-limiting pain occurs which will be a reason to stop exercise test. One year mortality for the results of the ... "Exercise Stress Testing". Nuclear Cardiology Technology Study Guide (Voice). pp. 109-18. ISBN 9780932004833. "Duke Treadmill ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duke_Treadmill_Score

Laboratory testing[edit]. Tests for antibodies in the blood by ELISA and Western blot is the most widely used method for Lyme ... People with Lyme arthritis should limit their level of physical activity to avoid damaging affected joints, and in case of ... As all people with later-stage infection will have a positive antibody test, simple blood tests can exclude Lyme disease as a ... The CDC does not recommend urine antigen tests, PCR tests on urine, immunofluorescent staining for cell-wall-deficient forms of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyme_disease

Preparation Guide for the US Marine Corps Physical Fitness Test. *To Crunch or Not to Crunch: An Evidence-Based Examination ... Bodyweight exercise. Calisthenics. Weightlifting. Plyometrics. Weight training (List of exercises). Gym. Legend. (c) - compound ... Some experts in exercise science doubt whether crunches are necessary for sports training,[5] and others say that even as few ... Crunch exercises may be performed on exercise balls. Increasing the distance will also increase the load on the abdominals due ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crunch_(exercise)

He also described the "gear wheel model" used for explaining results obtained from the exercise test in humans. He described ... This Nine-Panel Plot is a standard layout for the graphical representation of data produced by a cardiopulmonary exercise test ... He was one of the first persons who used exercise testing for the interaction of cardiovascular, ventilatory and metabolic ... Sun, Xing-Guo (July 2015). "[The new 9 panels display of data from cardiopulmonary exercise test, emphasizing holistic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karlman_Wasserman

"Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing" (PDF). CareFusion. Sun, Xing-Guo (July 2015). "[The new 9 panels display of data from ... is a standard layout for the graphical representation of data produced by a cardiopulmonary exercise test. The layout was ... "Preoperative cardiopulmonary exercise testing". Continuing Education in Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain. 10 (2): 33-37. doi: ... cardiopulmonary exercise test, emphasizing holistic integrative multi-systemic functions]". Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasserman_9-Panel_Plot

A test's reliability can be measured a few ways.[2] First, one can calculate a test-retest reliability.[2] A test-retest ... A comparison of direct versus self-report measures for assessing physical activity in adults: a systematic review. ... but rather their position in the score distribution should be similar for both the test and the retest.[2] Self-report measures ... such as divorce that cannot be tested experimentally. However, longitudinal studies are both expensive and difficult to do. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_survey

J. 35, 981-984, 1973 Naughton, J. & Haider, R. Methods of Exercising Testing. In Exercise Testing and Exercise Training in ... Gorman, P., Byers, R & Haider, R. Exercise Electrocardiography. In Exercise Testing and Exercise Training in Coronary Heart ... He is best known for his work and research in the diagnostic cardiac ultrasound, heart pacemakers, exercise stress testing, and ... DeVore, Paul A.; Nemiro, Deborah D. (1980-04-01). "Exercise Testing of Obese Subjects". The Physician and Sportsmedicine. 8 (4 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riaz_Haider

Diagnosis is based upon a physical exam, electrocardiogram, and exercise stress test, among others. Prevention is generally by ... Kharabsheh, Suleiman M (January-February 2006). "Overview of Exercise Stress Testing". Ann. Saudi Med. 26 (1): 1-6. doi:10.5144 ... Cardiac stress testing, traditionally the most commonly performed non-invasive testing method for blood flow limitations, in ... A controlled exercise program combats atherosclerosis by improving circulation and functionality of the vessels. Exercise is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atherosclerosis

Exercise stress tests after loading. Dose dependent. Follow bradycardia, prolonged QT closely. Roden DM (August 1998). " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proarrhythmia

This test can see various warning signs that predict if OSD might occur. Ultrasonography can detect if there is any tissue ... In other words, Osgood-Schlatter disease is an overuse injury and closely related to the physical activity of the child. It was ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osgood–Schlatter_disease

Drug Testing and Analysis. 6 (7-8): 614-32. doi:10.1002/dta.1620. PMID 24678061.. ... where it is combined with intense physical activity (all-night dancing), crowded conditions (aggregation), high ambient ...

https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musik_dansa_elektronik

"Exercise Xena testing Maritime Reaction Squadron". DefenceWeb. 2009-11-26. Retrieved 2012-07-23. "SA Navy to commission ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operational_Diving_Division_(SA_Navy)

40 (3). Wingrin, Dean (November 26, 2009). "Exercise Xena testing Maritime Reaction Squadron". Defenceweb. Retrieved July 21, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maritime_Reaction_Squadron

"Airborne Laser Test Bed Exercise Conducted". U.S. Department of Defense Missile Defense Agency. 21 October 2010. Archived from ... Butler, Amy (6 April 2010). "GBI Test Failure Result of Two Problems". Aviation Week. Retrieved 25 August 2010. "Iran in test ... "Russia conducts routine test of Topol ballistic missile". en.rian.ru. 28 October 2010. Archived from the original on 30 October ... "French submarine test-fires M51 missile for first time". People's Daily Online. 27 January 2010. Retrieved 25 August 2010. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_in_spaceflight

CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) Wingrin, Dean (26 November 2009). "Exercise Xena testing Maritime Reaction Squadron". ... Exercise "Magersfontein", in Walvis Bay in September / October 1988. It was referred to by senior Cuban officers as having ... the Marines demonstrated their capability during a small amphibious exercise held during the negotiations on Angola and Namibia ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_African_Marine_Corps

"Exercise Xena testing Maritime Reaction Squadron". defenceWeb. 26 November 2009. Retrieved 30 September 2020. Africa, U. S. ... Exercise Amazolo), the French Navy (the annual Exercise Oxide), the German Navy (the biennial Exercise Good Hope), the Royal ... "Exercise Good Hope V concludes". www.dod.mil.za. Retrieved 30 September 2020. "Royal Navy in exercise with SA sub". defenceWeb ... Exercise IBSAMAR' between India, South Africa, Brazil begins tomorrow". The Economic Times. Retrieved 30 September 2020. "Navy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_African_Navy

Breus, MJ; O'Connor, PJ (July 1998). "Exercise-induced anxiolysis: a test of the "time out" hypothesis in high anxious females ... Studies have shown that exercise reduces stress.[65] Exercise effectively reduces fatigue, improves sleep, enhances overall ... exercise provides an ideal coping mechanism. Despite popular belief, it is not necessary for exercise to be routine or intense ... This was tested in a recent study of college women who had identified studying as their primary stressor.[66] The women were ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_

Primary outcome was functional exercise capacity measured using the validated 6-min walk test. ... We tested the in vitro anti-HIV activity on cord blood mononuclear cells and MT 4 cells by studying each of reverse ... The above-described immune effect of all tested proteins was obtained at 20 g/100 g concentration with no further increments ... In 17 patients with chronic hepatitis C, there wore no significant Immunocal-related changes in liver function test or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactalbumin

Subclassifying chronic fatigue syndrome through exercise testing.». Med Sci Sports Exerc. 35 (6): 908-13. PMID 12783037. doi: ... Edmonds M, McGuire H, Price J (2004). «Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome». Cochrane Database Syst Rev (3): CD003200 ... McCully KK, Sisto SA, Natelson BH (1996). «Use of exercise for treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome.». Sports Med. 21 (1): 35- ... Det finnes ingen karakteristiske laboratorieabnormaliteter som kan diagnostisere CFS/ME,[18] så testing brukes til å utelukke ...

https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kronisk_utmattelsessyndrom

The testing of 8th grade in reading and mathematics began in 1999, as a state initiative. Testing in science began in 2007. The ... physical education and physical activity to participating districts. The program was discontinued in 2013. In 2011, Northern ... Seventh grades have been tested in reading and mathematics since 2006. Eighth graders are tested in: reading, writing, ... The tests focused on the state's Academic Standards for reading, writing, mathematics and science. The Science exam included ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Potter_Junior_Senior_High_School

The weapon is tested in Exercise Nabob. Best is seen entering the restricted area. At about the same time, news is radioed ... He had known that the weapon test was a cover for something still more secret; he is now told the deepest secret of all. James ... While returning from the exercise, the engine of the lorry carrying the weaponry catches fire, and it has to be unloaded in a ... it follows the lives of characters working in and around a fictional British Army camp where a secret weapon is being tested. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Anti-Death_League

"Indian Flankers Test British Typhoons on Exercise". ainonline.com. Archived from the original on 10 October 2016. Retrieved 24 ... This exercise was also the first in 43 years with the RAF. During the exercise, the RAF Air Chief Marshal Glenn Torpy was given ... This exercise marked the first time the Su-30MKI took part in a military exercise in France. The Indian Air Force first took ... Also in the exercise were RAF Tornado F3s and a Hawk. RAF Tornado pilots were candid in their admission of the Su-30MKI's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-30MKI

Prior to training with the HEG device, patients are given a standardized pre test, most often the Test of Variables of ... Toomim, Mize, Kwong et al. found that after only ten 30-minute sessions of HEG brain exercise training, participants with ... It is widely known that regular cardiovascular exercise results in increased cerebral blood flow due to increased ... an efficient brain exercise therapy. Journal of Neurotherapy, 8(3), 5-21. doi:10.1300/J184v08n03_02 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemoencephalography

Obesity, lack of exercise, genetics[1][6]. Diagnostic method. Blood test[3]. ... A proper diet and exercise are the foundations of diabetic care,[23] with a greater amount of exercise yielding better results. ... The benefit of exercise occurs regardless of the person's initial weight or subsequent weight loss.[72] High levels of physical ... Diagnosis of diabetes is by blood tests such as fasting plasma glucose, oral glucose tolerance test, or glycated hemoglobin ( ...

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There are several special leak test methods available to test the integrity of an LNG vessel's membrane cargo tanks.[104] ... Before this commercial exercise, LNG had only ever been transferred between ships on a handful of occasions as a necessity ... It is being evaluated and tested for over-the-road trucking,[34] off-road,[35] marine, and train applications.[36] There are ... "LNG Carrier Leak Test Completed Outside Korea". Oil and Gas Online. January 20, 2009. Archived from the original on April 23, ...

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... "set of practices that cannot be tested, refuse to be tested, or consistently fail tests."[192] Dawkins argued that if a ... exercise (qigong), and dietary therapy. The practices are based on belief in a supernatural energy called qi, considerations of ... There are also reasons why a placebo treatment group may outperform a "no-treatment" group in a test which are not related to a ... A 2015 study of users in the United States also found elevated blood lead levels in 40 percent of those tested. Other concerns ...

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Tests, cases, tests per capita, cases per capita by country. *Tests, cases, tests per capita, cases per capita by country ...

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FDG-PET imaging of atherosclerosis to detect patients at risk of stroke is also feasible and can help test the efficacy of ... is that PET provides no timing information about muscle activation because it has to be measured after the exercise is ... A single radioligand can be used this way to test many potential drug candidates for the same target. A related technique ... 2002). "Brain imaging of 18F-fallypride in normal volunteers: Blood analysis, distribution, test-retest studies, and ...

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... the CSA does exercise supervision of army units and organizations as the designee of the Secretary of the Army. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_the_United_States_Army

... because they ate mostly lean meats and plants and frequently engaged in intense physical activity,[119][120] and because the ... "Finds test human origins theory". BBC News. Retrieved 2008-03-20 ... women regularly engaging in intense endurance exercise,[23] ...

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The deceptive guise of "Resettlement in the East" organised by SS Commissioners,[73] was also tried and tested at Chełmno. By ... National Socialist League of the Reich for Physical Exercise (NSRL). *National Socialist Women's League (NSF) ... During this time: the sites of the first extermination camps were selected, different methods of killing were tested, Jewish ...

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In December he underwent various sporting tests and examinations at the Aircrew Selection Centre, at RAF Biggin Hill, along ... including a six-month deployment as part of exercise Outback 88 to the Far East.[10] ... not been tested in any court,[72] but Roberts repeated allegations against the Duke and against Epstein in a sworn legal ... with further tests and interviews at HMS Daedalus, and interviews at the Admiralty Interview Board, HMS Sultan. During March ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_Andrew,_Duke_of_York

Physical activity[edit]. When combining exercise with exposure to loud noises, humans have been observed to experience a long ... Lin et al., conducted an experiment in Taiwan that tested the effect of generation of reactive oxygen species on temporary ... After a series of tests involving physical therapy exercises while songs with different tempos played, subjects were asked to ... Miani C, Bertino G, Francescato M, di Prampero P, Staffieri A. Temporary Threshold Shift Induced by Physical Exercise. ...

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Sometimes these tests are performed by techs without a medical degree, but the interpretation of these tests is done by a ... Sports medicine deals with the treatment and prevention and rehabilitation of sports/exercise injuries such as muscle spasms, ... After examination for signs and interviewing for symptoms, the doctor may order medical tests (e.g. blood tests), take a biopsy ... Many modern molecular tests such as flow cytometry, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunohistochemistry, cytogenetics, gene ...

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The Wellness Center within the RPAC offers services such as nutrition counseling, financial coaching, HIV and STI testing, ... Recreation and Physical Activity Center and Scarlet Skyway. The Office of Student Life has partnership affiliations with the ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Ohio_State_University

... physical fitness/exercise promotion, corrective or therapeutic exercise, ergonomic/postural advice, self-care strategies, ... Serious research to test chiropractic theories did not begin until the 1970s, and is continuing to be hampered by ... A 2011 systematic review and meta-analysis concluded that the addition of manual mobilizations to an exercise program for the ... Jansen MJ, Viechtbauer W, Lenssen AF, Hendriks EJ, de Bie RA (2011). "Strength training alone, exercise therapy alone, and ...

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Employing various testing strategies (e.g. hearing tests, otoacoustic emission measurements, videonystagmography, and ... The exercise of audiologist profession in Portugal necessarily imply the qualifications Degree in Audiology or legally ... In addition to testing hearing, audiologists can also work with a wide range of clientele in rehabilitation (individuals with ... passing a national exam offered by Praxis Series of the Educational Testing Service, and practicum experience that is ...

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To further test the role of activated androgen receptors on AHN, flutamide, an antiandrogen drug that competes with ... They found that AHN in male rats is increased with mild exercise by boosting synthesis of dihydrotestosterone in the ... Neural injections of Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) were applied to males of both groups to test for neurogenesis. Analysis showed ... Researchers also examined how mild exercise affected androgen synthesis which in turn causes AHN activation of N-methyl-D- ...

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www.aqr.co.uk Nevertheless both the construct validity and the psychometric properties of this test have been questioned by ... Routledge Research in Sport and Exercise Science . Routledge, Abington, Oxon, U.K. ; New York, pp. 69-88.. ... Reliability has been assessed by numerous independent researchers and it has clearly demonstrable internal consistency and test ... doi:10.2174/1875399X01710010001 Moran, A. P. (2012). Sport and Exercise Psychology: A Critical Introduction (2nd ed.). ...

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... tests and challenges could human souls be judged and credited for righteousness.[54][55] Judaism places great importance on the ... the exercise of which was the most divine of human actions. At his defense trial, Socrates even summarized his teachings as ...

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Journal of Physical Activity and Health. 10 (2): 143-150. doi:10.1123/jpah.10.2.143. ISSN 1543-3080.. ... Thirteen women were recruited to walk down a walkway in three different testing conditions: barefoot, in 4 cm heels and in 10 ...

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These risk factors include smoking, obesity, low density lipoprotein (the "bad" cholesterol), lack of exercise, and blood ... exercise more frequently, and shed weight.[143] Other OHP interventions include a campaign to improve the rates of hand washing ... can play a role in the health behavior of employees by providing resources to encourage healthy behavior in areas of exercise, ...

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An assessment by a third party (e.g. EC type test), with the requirement for mandatory factory production control audits to be ... Identifying which directive(s) may be applicable, as there may be more than one, involves a simple exercise of reading the ... When the manufacturer of a machine puts the CE marking, it engages itself and guarantees, that it makes all the tests, ... This usually involves assessment and/or testing, and may include an evaluation of the conformity of the product to the ...

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In the United States a wheelchair that has been designed and tested for use as a seat in motor vehicles is often referred to as ... Foot propulsion also allows patients to exercise their legs to increase blood flow and limit further disability. Users who do ... It is under development, and has been tested in Kenya and India so far. ... over the past 20 years to develop stationary wheelchair trainer platforms that could enable wheelchair users to exercise as one ...

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"Immobilization tests and periodic leg movements in sleep for the diagnosis of restless leg syndrome". Movement Disorders 13 (2 ... "Exercise and Restless Legs Syndrome". http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/545408_2. Retrieved 2008-05-28. ...

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In 1724, he wrote An Essay of Health and Long Life, in which he advises exercise and fresh air and avoiding luxury foods.[10] ... By means of Dobson's testing procedure (for glucose in the urine) Rollo worked out a diet that had success for what is now ... A restricted diet is often used by those who are overweight or obese, sometimes in combination with physical exercise, to ...

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The exercise of intent in such intentional actions is not that which determines their freedom - intentional actions are rather ... To test the effects of belief in determinism, future studies would need to provide articles that do not simply "attack free ... It has been suggested, however, that such acting cannot be said to exercise control over anything in particular. According to ... The "actish feel" of some intentional actions do not "constitute that event's activeness, or the agent's exercise of active ...

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Once someone gets atherosclerosis from hypercholesterolemia, a better diet, exercise, and quitting smoking may not be enough. ... Sometimes if a doctor thinks a person has atherosclerosis she may do tests to find atherosclerosis before it causes symptoms of ... The first way to treat hypercholesterolemia is to exercise, quit smoking, and eat better foods. If these work and the ... Because of this, when someone starts taking a statin, doctors check liver blood tests after six weeks. Doctors also warn ...

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The dancing exercise is a "thank you" for the healing and tribute to the spiritual greater beings. The dance is accompanied by ... measured with reality orientation and face recognition tests. The effectiveness of the treatment seems to be strongly dependent ... the accuracy of diagnostic tests, and the predictive power of prognostic factors" (Cochrane, 1972). ... feel emotionally relieved because the priest has announced them clean and subjected them to a rigorous dancing exercise. ...

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This can be for people who want to take language tests in English for example. Some of the A-level and GCSEs exams are also ... In 2001, it was ranked first in the British Government Assessment Exercise.[59] Cambridge also gives out more PhDs in a year ... Cambridge is usually ranked in the world's top five universities.[11][12] UK rankings and tests on the quality of its research ... Students need to pass some tests and interviews to be allowed in Cambridge. For undergraduates, the application is done through ...

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... never tested, but she has a "long ear" and "loud voice" Isthia is the mother of Jeff Raven. She gathered a team of other ... soft from a sedentary life and a disinclination to exercise of any kind."- The Rowan pg. 14 Siglen proved to be more harm than ...

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Testing Interventions for Health-Enhancing Physical Activity (R01 - Clinical Trial Optional) PAR-18-324. ODP ... Interventions to be tested should seek to increase participants progression toward achieving the physical activity ... The proposed intervention must include physical activity change as a primary outcome and be designed to test statistically ... Physical activity is an important health behavior that is associated with numerous health conditions and outcomes. The Physical ...

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An exercise stress test is used to measure the effect of exercise on your heart. ... Exercise ECG; ECG - exercise treadmill; EKG - exercise treadmill; Stress ECG; Exercise electrocardiography; Stress test - ... When you have an abnormal exercise stress test, you may have other tests performed on your heart such as:. *Cardiac ... An exercise stress test is used to measure the effect of exercise on your heart. ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003878.htm

... Estimated Time: 20 minutes. The following programming exercise explores ... Colaboratory is supported on most major browsers, and is most thoroughly tested on desktop versions of Chrome and Firefox. If ...

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Exercise stress test. In an exercise stress test, electrodes are taped to your chest to detect your hearts rhythm. A nurse or ... technician will watch your heartbeat on a monitor while you exercise. If your doctor orders a nuclear stress test, youll also ...

https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/stress-test/multimedia/exercise-stress-test/img-20007013

... heres how to prepare for an exercise stress test if your doctor has recommended one to check for heart disease. ... Also called an exercise electrocardiogram, treadmill test, graded exercise test, or stress ECG, an exercise stress test can ... Besides the exercise stress test, other kinds include:. *Pharmacologic stress test: This test is used for people who cant ... Help figure out a safe exercise program for you. How Should I Prepare for the Exercise Stress Test?. Your doctor will give you ...

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... TAGS: Air Force MARS, amateur radio, amateur radio emergency, Army ... "This communications exercise is sponsored by the DoD to provide MARS operators the opportunity to develop and train ... He told ARRL that the DoD/MARS exercise has "full participation" from Army and Air Force MARS, and that he anticipates that ... "Ultimately we would like the MARS operator to join an existing ARES net, if one is operational during the exercise," English ...

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... also called cardiac stress test, treadmill stress test or just stress test. ... The American Heart Association explains an exercise stress, ... Exercise Stress Test. A stress test, sometimes called a ... Depending on the results of the exercise stress test, the physician may recommend more tests such as a nuclear stress test or ... treadmill test or exercise test, helps a doctor find out how well your heart handles work. As your body works harder during the ...

https://www.strokeassociation.org/en/health-topics/heart-attack/diagnosing-a-heart-attack/exercise-stress-test

The exercise stress test ? also called a cardiac stress test, treadmill stress test or just stress test ? is used to assess how ... exercise stress test An exercise stress test requires walking on a treadmill or pedaling a stationary bicycle while connected ... electrical activity of the heart or heart rhythm and how long the physical activity is tolerated without getting too tired. ... well the heart responds to physical activity based on observing an electrocardiogram. ...

https://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Encyclopedia/HeartEncyclopedia_UCM_445084_Encyclopedia.jsp?title=exercise%20stress%20test

... inclusion of the exercise test in the screening process sends a strong message to our patients, that we consider their exercise ... They note that exercise testing has recently been suggested not only for people with probable heart disease but also to screen ... Exercise stress tests are usually reserved for assessing cases of suspected heart disease. However, the new study shows that ... For the study, 2014 men between 40 and 59 years old took a bicycle exercise test and were followed for an average of 26 years. ...

http://www.redorbit.com/news/health/202637/exercise_test_spots_trouble_ahead_for_healthy_men/

You will be asked to exercise while hooked up to an EKG machine. ... An exercise stress test is used to learn how well your heart ... The exercise stress test is also referred to as an exercise test or treadmill test. ... What is an exercise stress test?. An exercise stress test is used to determine how well your heart responds during times when ... Why do an exercise stress test?. An exercise stress test is primarily used to help your doctor determine if your heart receives ...

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This is a training material for a laboratory exercise that I\ve practiced with the students at the Master Program - Network ... Laboratory exercise - Network security - Penetration testing * 1. Securitatea Retelelor de Calculatoare Lucrare de laborator ... This is a training material for a laboratory exercise that I\ve practiced with the students at the Master Program - Network ... 4. Disclaimer Ethical Hacking / Penetration Testing ,ul,,li,Actiuni similare unui atacator/hacker ,/li,,/ul,,ul,,li,Scop etic ...

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Amateur Radio Clubs Test Emergency Preparedness in National Exercise. As part of Amateur Radio Week, the NASA Langley Amateur ... To test space communications equipment, attempts will be made to contact the Space Shuttle Columbia and the Russian space ... This years exercise is expected to include 50,000 amateur radio operators in North America. According to the 170,000-member ... The 1994 national exercise included more than 2,100 amateur radio clubs across the United States and Canada. ...

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A coordinated missile strike during an exercise in Norway was the first use of Harpoon missiles by Poseidon P-8A planes, the U. ... The U.S. Navy successfully tested AGM-84D Harpoon missiles fired from a P-8A Poseidon surveillance plane at NATOs At-Sea Demo/ ... June 2 (UPI) -- A coordinated missile strike during an exercise in Norway was the first use of Harpoon missiles by Poseidon P- ... USS Paul Ignatius fires Standard Missile-3 interceptors in test U.S. Navy, NATO begin missile exercises off Scottish coast ...

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In NATOs biggest military exercise since the Cold War it will use self-driving vehicles, robots that fetch gear, and a 3D ... Its the biggest NATO exercise since the end of the Cold War - and its going feature self-driving vehicles and 3D printers. ... The exercise, named Trident Juncture 18, starts today in Norway and will last about a month. ...

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Hospital preparations tested during exercise 31 Aug, 2016 7:12pm 2 minutes to read ... This was the scenario facing staff at Whanganui Hospital during Operation Tangaroa, a nationwide exercise which tested the ... Mr Ward said the exercise would continue over September. In two weeks time will be a "day after the tsunami" scenario; while a ... Civil Defence, councils and district health boards throughout the country took part in the exercise. ...

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... adapts and expands upon the assessment and exercise prescription-related content from ... ACSMs Exercise Testing and Prescription adapts and expands upon the assessment and exercise prescription-related content from ... This manual gives succinct summaries of recommended procedures for exercise testing and exercise prescription in healthy and ... Download ACSMs Exercise Testing and Prescription Designed for todays learners, the text is written in a clear, concise style, ...

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ankle brachial index test The ankle-brachial index test is a painless exam that compares the blood pressure in the feet to the ... Related: Non-Invasive Tests and Procedures. amiodarone Amiodarone is a drug used to slow the heart rate and help keep it in a ... Related: Common Tests for Heart Failure. arterioles Arterioles are small, muscular branches of arteries. When they contract, ... Arteriography is a test in which a dye visible to X-rays is injected into the bloodstream. X-ray pictures then are studied to ...

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... Some examples of exercise stress testing are six-minute walk, bicycle and treadmill tests. For more ...

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... and after the test from the doctors at the Cleveland Clinic Heart & Vascular Institute. ... Learn more about the nuclear exercise stress test and what to expect before, during, ... What is a nuclear exercise stress test?. A nuclear exercise stress test is a diagnostic test used to evaluate blood flow to the ... Test Details Can I eat or drink on the day of the test?. Yes. However, DO NOT eat or drink anything for 4 hours before the test ...

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... 10/19/2016 From October 30 through November 1, ... Contingency Communications Exercise (COMMEX). The quarterly exercise will offer training on the ability to provide ... "During this exercise, we will use 60 meters, local VHF and UHF repeaters, and HF NVIS [near-vertical incidence skywave] Amateur ... The exercise will involve interoperability between MARS and Amateur Radio participants and is open to all members of the ...

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This picture shows Memorial Sloan Kettering Exercise Physiologist Dan Townend conducts a cardiopulmonary exercise test to ... This picture shows Memorial Sloan Kettering Exercise Physiologist Dan Townend conducts a cardiopulmonary exercise test to ...

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A practicum course designed to have students learn a variety of exercise tests and an introduction to developing exercise ...

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Trojan Footprint 16 was a large-scale special operations readiness exercise which brought together special operations forces ... Trojan Footprint 16 was a large-scale special operations readiness exercise which brought together special operations forces ...

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Do you know which doctor should you consult if you have Exercise Stress Test. This and other commonly asked questions about ... 6. Can patients who cannot exercise take the exercise stress test?. There is a Dobutamine or Adenosine Stress Test for patients ... 1. Who performs an exercise stress test?. An exercise stress test is usually ordered by a General Physician or a Cardiologist. ... 2. Is there any risk associated with an exercise stress test?. Stress tests are generally safe. However, rarely patients may ...

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... and methods providing an exercise test interface. A patient exercise episode is identified using at least one predetermined ... rate of decrease of heart rate during a post-exercise recovery portion of the episode, a maximum attained heart rate for ... The exercise episode may be a formally prescribed exercise test (e.g., putting the patient 106 on a treadmill or other exercise ... "Exercise Stress Testing Helps Identify People at Risk of Developing Coronary Heart Disease; Testing for Exercise Capacity, ...

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Find local Exercise Stress Test resources for the top U.S. cities - includes physician directory, list of local hospitals, and ... home/heart center/heart a-z list/exercise stress test index/exercise stress test article/local resources ... Exercise Stress Test Center - North Las Vegas, NV. *WebMD Physician Directory of North Las Vegas Doctors ... Exercise Stress Test Center - Baton Rouge, LA. *WebMD Physician Directory of Baton Rouge Doctors ...

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Exercise stress test synonyms, Exercise stress test pronunciation, Exercise stress test translation, English dictionary ... n. 1. A graded test to measure an individuals heart rate and oxygen intake while undergoing strenuous physical exercise, as on ... Related to Exercise stress test: echocardiogram. stress test. n.. 1. A graded test to measure an individuals heart rate and ... There are a few different types of stress tests; the most common type is an exercise stress test. This test is often done in ...

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Training and Test Sets: Playground Exercise Estimated Time: 15 minutes. Training Sets and Test Sets. We return to Playground to ... This exercise provides both a test set and a training set, both drawn from the same data set. By default, the visualization ... Watch the Test loss and Training loss values change.. *When the Test loss and Training loss values stop changing or only change ... If youd like to also see the test set, click the Show test data checkbox just below the visualization. In the visualization, ...

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Compared with men who stopped the test due to exhaustion, the 178 men who stopped exclusively for breathing difficulties had an 86 percent greater risk of dying from coronary heart disease during follow-up. (redorbit.com)
People who run the risk of these complications - such as those with advanced coronary heart disease - are rarely asked to do the test. (healthline.com)
The test could reveal irregular heart rhythms or other symptoms that indicate coronary artery disease , such as blocked arteries. (healthline.com)
If your doctor determines you may have coronary artery disease or other heart problems, they may begin treatments or order more tests, such as a nuclear stress test . (healthline.com)
Cardiac respiratory stress test can quickly and accurately detect the presence of significant coronary artery disease (S-CAD), a new study has shown. (medindia.net)
In addition to being an established tool for diagnosis and prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD), exercise stress test also provide vital information about cardiovascular physiology including blood pressure and heart rate (HR) responses. (thefreedictionary.com)
A test for coronary insufficiency in which an individual ascends and descends two, nine-inch high steps while an electrocardiograph records cardiac activity during the exercise and at intervals afterwards. (dictionary.com)
tests for coronary heart. (medhelp.org)
Some conditions that an exercise stress test can help to diagnose are angina , coronary artery disease , heart valve disease and heart failure . (mydr.com.au)
The best test to work out if heart blood vessels are clogged is a standard coronary angiogram , but this involves threading a catheter into your heart or coronary arteries. (mydr.com.au)
If someone has a history of coronary artery disease or an abnormal EKG to start with, then a concurrent imaging test is usually required to detect the abnormalities in oxygen delivery to different parts of the heart. (zocdoc.com)
The exercise stress test is a useful screening tool for the detection of significant coronary artery disease. (aafp.org)
Further testing may be indicated to obtain optional information about coronary artery disease and ischemic risk if the test results were equivocal or uninterpretable. (aafp.org)
3 The exercise stress test is a useful tool for detecting coronary artery disease and for evaluating medical therapy and cardiac rehabilitation following myocardial infarction. (aafp.org)
The primary purpose of an exercise stress test is to determine your ability to increase blood flow through your coronary arteries to your heart muscle when your heart is beating faster and/or harder, demanding two to five times the blood flow it gets at rest. (everydayhealth.com)
If you have been feeling symptoms such as chest pain or shortness of breath with exertion, an exercise stress test will help your doctor figure out whether these symptoms are coming from sluggish blood flow due to a blockage in one or more of your coronary arteries. (everydayhealth.com)
If there is a blockage in one or more of the coronary arteries supplying blood to the bottom of your heart , this area will accumulate less thallium during exercise than other areas with normal blood flow. (everydayhealth.com)
In older patients, in those with abnormal resting EKGs, and in patients in whom I strongly suspect coronary artery disease , I prefer the nuclear stress test because it gives a better quantification of heart muscle areas with compromised blood flow. (everydayhealth.com)
In this test, a drug is injected to dilate the coronary arteries, which allows increased blood flow unless there is a blockage. (everydayhealth.com)
A stress test is a good indicator of the state of a patient's coronary blood flow at the time of the test. (everydayhealth.com)
You can accumulate a lot of plaque in your coronary arteries, and even have blockages, yet still maintain normal blood flow at rest and during exercise. (everydayhealth.com)
While a stress test is valuable for women as well as men, studies have shown that women have more abnormal stress tests without necessarily having obstructive coronary disease. (everydayhealth.com)
Exercise-induced QRS prolongation in patients with mild coronary artery disease: computer analysis o. (biomedsearch.com)
From 1971 through 1987, 71,914 maximal exercise tests conducted in a population with a low prevalence of known coronary heart disease under uniform conditions at a single medical facility resulted in six major cardiac complications including one death. (biomedsearch.com)

An exercise stress test requires walking on a treadmill or pedaling a stationary bicycle while connected to equipment to monitor heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, electrical activity of the heart or heart rhythm and how long the physical activity is tolerated without getting too tired. (heart.org)
The system's test involves walking on a treadmill at a very low intensity of one mile per hour with the treadmill set at a 2 percent grade. (dotmed.com)

Common tests include stair climbing, walking for six minutes, a shuttle-walk test, a cardiac stress test, and the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). (wikipedia.org)

The patient also feels better, has less shortness of breath, and finds it easier to exercise, Mr. Johnson says. (dotmed.com)
For instance, some patients complain of shortness of breath even while they are demonstrating outstanding exercise capacity on the treadmill or bike. (everydayhealth.com)
Other patients demonstrate limited exercise capacity with extreme shortness of breath, and yet they still insist they are doing fine. (everydayhealth.com)
To avoid false positive answers and early test termination, refrain from asking leading questions or describing specific symptoms (e.g., chest or leg pain, dizziness, shortness of breath). (humankinetics.com)
Exercise testing is useful to help evaluate the cause of shortness of breath that otherwise cannot be determined at rest. (bmihealthcare.co.uk)
This page from Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH) describes what to expect when your child is booked for an EIA test.Many of us will experience a feeling of shortness of breath or become hot and sweaty when we exercise, which is normal. (gosh.nhs.uk)
Children and young people who suffer with exercise induced asthma may complain of very severe shortness of breath, difficulty to breathe, coughing or chest tightness. (gosh.nhs.uk)
Although exercise isn't harmful, this test checks your child's heart as it works at its highest level, so some shortness of breath and muscle fatigue - similar to a really hard work-out - is to be expected. (chp.edu)

While you exercise, the activity of your heart is measured with an electrocardiogram ( ECG ). (medlineplus.gov)
Also called an exercise electrocardiogram, treadmill test, graded exercise test, or stress ECG, an exercise stress test can tell your doctor how well your heart handles physical activity. (webmd.com)
Heart rate , breathing, blood pressure , electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) , and how tired you feel are monitored during the test. (strokeassociation.org)
During the test, you'll be asked to exercise - typically on a treadmill - while you're hooked up to an electrocardiogram (EKG) machine. (healthline.com)
An electrocardiogram is a painless test that measures your heart's electrical activity. (healthline.com)
The test will involve a gradual increase in the intensity of exercise, during which your breathing, your electrocardiogram (ECG), blood pressure and oxygen saturation will be recorded and monitored. (bmihealthcare.co.uk)
Standard 12-lead electrocardiogram recordings were collected during a physical stress test divided into four phases: warm-up, incremental exercise, active recovery, and passive recovery. (springer.com)

The accuracy of a stress test in young or middle-aged women with symptoms that are not typical of heart disease has been found to be low. (medindia.net)
Exertional symptoms are the hallmarks of metabolic myopathies, supporting the concept of using functional tests when this diagnosis is suspected. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The test will continue until you have reached your target heart rate or you are unable to keep walking due to fatigue or significant symptoms. (wregional.com)
The exercise stress test can help doctors work out what is the cause of your symptoms. (mydr.com.au)
If the arteries are severely narrowed (say 70 per cent or more), then there will be symptoms and the stress test will detect those. (mydr.com.au)
The test will be stopped if you develop symptoms such as severe fatigue, breathlessness, tired legs or chest pain. (mydr.com.au)
An exercise stress test is used to help determine if symptoms experienced by an individual may be related to the function of the heart. (zocdoc.com)
It is best used when the pre-test probability of heart disease is intermediate (i.e., the person's symptoms, such as chest pain, have a medium likelihood of coming from the heart). (zocdoc.com)
Documentation of the patient's symptoms, medications, past and current significant illnesses, and usual level of physical activity helps the physician determine if an exercise stress test is appropriate. (aafp.org)
The test report contains comments about the maximal heart rate and level of exercise achieved, and symptoms, arrhythmias, electrocardiographic changes and vital signs during exercise. (aafp.org)
From watching a patient exercise, we get a good sense of whether the person's symptoms are heart or lung related. (everydayhealth.com)
Children and young people with asthma or who experience 'asthma' symptoms during exercise may be referred for a test called the Exercise-Induced Asthma (EIA) test. (gosh.nhs.uk)
The test aims to assess if exercise will induce asthma symptoms. (gosh.nhs.uk)
The test will record changes in your child's heart rhythm, heart rate, blood pressure, heart function and other symptoms while your child exercises - first, at a slow rate, then faster and faster until his or her highest level is reached. (chp.edu)
The exercise intolerance is associated with reduced pulmonary function that is the origin of CF. Bronchiectasis Post-exertional malaise is one of the main symptoms of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). (wikipedia.org)
OI includes exercise intolerance as one of the main symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
Chronic heart failure Spinal muscular atrophy: symptoms include exercise intolerance, cognitive impairment and fatigue. (wikipedia.org)

These medications may attenuate measures of cardiopulmonary performance, such as the ventilatory threshold and peak oxygen uptake measured via cardiopulmonary exercise testing. (medscape.com)
Aim To determine the effect of beta-blockers on cardiopulmonary exercise testing variables in patients with advanced liver disease. (medscape.com)
Variables measured during cardiopulmonary exercise testing included the ventilatory threshold, peak oxygen uptake, heart rate, oxygen pulse, the oxygen uptake efficiency slope and the ventilatory equivalents for carbon dioxide slope. (medscape.com)
during cardiopulmonary exercise testing(CPET), to peri- and post-operatively risk stratify liver transplant patients. (medscape.com)
Combine advanced theoretical study with practical training, developing the holistic skills required to further your career in cardiopulmonary exercise testing and cardiac rehabilitation. (mdx.ac.uk)
Why study MSc/PGCert/PGDip Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing at Middlesex University? (mdx.ac.uk)
Designed primarily for existing healthcare practitioners, this degree covers non-invasive methods in cardiopulmonary exercise testing to accurately assess the performance of the heart and lungs of patients at rest and during exercise. (mdx.ac.uk)
What will you study on the MSc/PGCert/PGDip Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing? (mdx.ac.uk)
This course covers both theory and practice of cardiopulmonary exercise testing and cardiac rehabilitation. (mdx.ac.uk)

The tricky part about relying on perceived exertion to gauge exercise intensity is its dependence on an individual's ability to subjectively measure their effort. (montrealgazette.com)
and most importantly, it requires very low exercise exertion. (dotmed.com)
Your child will be asked to exercise as long as possible, and will be taken to his or her highest exertion or effort level . (chp.edu)

This picture shows Memorial Sloan Kettering Exercise Physiologist Dan Townend conducts a cardiopulmonary exercise test to assess cardiorespiratory fitness on Catherine Lee. (eurekalert.org)

What is Exercise Tolerance testing? (nationaljewish.org)
The exercise tolerance test evaluates the ability of your heart and lungs to provide oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the bloodstream before, during and after you exercise. (nationaljewish.org)
If you are doing the exercise tolerance test, you will be asked to ride a stationary bicycle. (nationaljewish.org)
The Exercise Tolerance test often takes 2 hours. (nationaljewish.org)
Well I went for my Exercise Tolerance Test yesteray - what a horrible experience. (medhelp.org)
What is an Exercise Tolerance Test? (wregional.com)
An exercise tolerance test lets the physician see how well your heart functions when it works harder. (wregional.com)
Assessment of chest pain in a low risk patient: is the exercise tolerance test obsolete? (bmj.com)
The exercise tolerance test is a quick, functional investigation that measures maximum exercise tolerance. (bmj.com)
The American Heart Association 1 and European Society of Cardiology 2 advocate the exercise tolerance test or functional cardiac imaging. (bmj.com)
Exercise tolerance is significantly compromised. (wikipedia.org)

cardiorespiratory fitness by cardiopulmonary exercise test (VO2 peak. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Cardiorespiratory fitness assessment with leg cycle exercise testing may be influenced by motor impairments in the paretic lower extremity. (hindawi.com)
The unilateral arm crank exercise test can detect the deterioration of cardiorespiratory fitness independently of lower extremity motor impairment severity in individuals with hemiparetic stroke. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, the assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness is essential for identifying physical deconditioning, predicting prognosis, and assessing the effects of therapeutic exercise in stroke rehabilitation [ 10 , 11 ]. (hindawi.com)

ACSM's Exercise Testing and Prescription adapts and expands upon the assessment and exercise prescription-related content from ACSM's Resource Manual for Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription , 7th Edition, to create a true classroom resource. (acsm.org)
Fully aligned with the latest edition of ACSM's flagship title, ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription , this practical resource walks students through the process of selecting and administering fitness assessments, using Guidelines to interpret results, and drafting an exercise prescription that is in line with Guidelines parameters. (acsm.org)
From the Publisher: 100% alignment with the most up-to-date version of the ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription enhances the learning experience, making it easy to go back and forth between Guidelines and the text. (acsm.org)
ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription is the flagship title from the American College of Sports Medicine, the prestigious organization that sets the standards for the exercise profession. (acsm.org)
This critical handbook delivers scientifically based standards on exercise testing and prescription to the certification candidate, the professional, and the student. (acsm.org)
This manual gives succinct summaries of recommended procedures for exercise testing and exercise prescription in healthy and diseased patients. (acsm.org)
This manual gives succinct summaries of recommended procedures for exercise testing and exercise prescription in healthy and diseased patients The tenth edition reflects some crucial and exciting changes, making the content necessary for effective study and practice. (issuu.com)
This module aims to provide students with the knowledge and understanding required to safely contribute to the treatment, exercise prescription and rehabilitation of patients with peripheral muscle dysfunction, chronic heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or cardiac thoracic surgery. (mdx.ac.uk)
But despite official recognition by the major professional societies, the Talk Test never quite achieved the respectability of the Karvonen Method or the glamour of the newly emerging exercise-prescription techniques such as %VO 2 max, ventilatory threshold, or techniques based on analysis of blood lactate. (acefitness.org)
they were in a range of heart rate or VO 2 that fit the exercise prescription guidelines of ACSM. (acefitness.org)
The single most internationally read and referenced text in sports medicine, exercise science, and health and fitness, this manual succinctly summarizes recommended procedures for exercise testing and exercise prescription in healthy and diseased individuals. (google.com)
Is Aerobic Exercise The Right Prescription For Staving Off Alzheimer's? (npr.org)
David Nieman is the author of 'Exercise Testing & Prescription', published 2010 under ISBN 9780073376486 and ISBN 0073376485. (valorebooks.com)

Please follow these guidelines about taking your medications the day of the test. (clevelandclinic.org)
It was included in the fourth edition of ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise and Training in 1991, and in guidelines published by the American Council on Exercise in 1997. (acefitness.org)
Detailed guidelines for conducting pediatric exercise tests are available from the American Heart Association and the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). (humankinetics.com)
As an alternative, a railroad choosing not to follow PREP Guidelines must have an exercise program that is equivalent to PREP. (cornell.edu)

The U.S. Navy successfully tested AGM-84D Harpoon missiles fired from a P-8A Poseidon surveillance plane at NATO's At-Sea Demo/Formidable Shield 2021 exercises this week. (upi.com)
Exercise or Fitness Calculator assesses your flexibility, strength and stamina based on your performance in various fitness exercises like sit and reach, push up and aerobic exercises. (medindia.net)
The Philippine Star reports that "Unites States Marines participating in this year's Phl-US Balikatan 2016 joint military exercises test-fired one of their lethal weapons deployed at the gunnery range in Crow Valley, Capas, Tarlac. (rollcall.com)
The US and South Korean militaries conducted similar exercises after North Korea's first test of an ICBM on July 4. (ndtv.com)
The exercises are part of Arctic Expeditionary Capabilities Exercise, or AECE 2019, which will involve over 3,000 Navy and Marine Corps personnel in Alaska's Aleutian Islands, South Central Alaska and Southern California during September. (upi.com)
featuring comprehensive exercise libraries (nearly 1800 exercises), reference articles, fitness assessment calculators , and other useful tools. (exrx.net)
The 30 exercises found in this chapter allow you to test your knowledge with SUSE LINUX Enterprise Server 9 at an advanced level. (informit.com)
The 30 exercises that follow allow you to test your knowledge with SUSE LINUX Enterprise Server 9 at an advanced level. (informit.com)
Student teachers and teacher novices need an aid to design high quality exercises and test items for Internetworking. (psu.edu)
In this paper the design of exercises respectively test items is described based on a framework of exercise classes for Internetworking. (psu.edu)
The plan must include a description of the exercise procedures and programs the railroad uses to assess whether its response plan will function as planned, including the types of exercises and their frequencies. (cornell.edu)
Railroads must keep records showing the exercise dates and times, and the after action reports that accompany the response plan exercises. (cornell.edu)

If you are having an echocardiogram exercise stress test, your doctor may ask you not to eat for a few hours leading up the test. (mydr.com.au)

The CPET machine provides a medical test which will accurately measure the function of your heart and lungs in response to exercise. (bmihealthcare.co.uk)
The CPET test measures exercise capacity and help determine whether the cause of exercise intolerance is due to heart disease or to other causes. (wikipedia.org)

New and expanded information on the risks of sedentary behavior, clinical exercise testing and interpretation, high intensity interval training, musculoskeletal injury risk, fitness testing protocols and norms, and an expansion of the principles of health behavior change are included. (acsm.org)
There is also uncertainty regarding the predictive power of exercise capacity relative to other clinical and exercise-test variables. (nih.gov)
We studied a total of 6213 consecutive men referred for treadmill exercise testing for clinical reasons during a mean (+/-SD) of 6.2+/-3.7 years of follow-up. (nih.gov)
The aim of our work was to assess and compare, according to sex, autonomic response to exercise in a clinical series including 105 BS patients. (springer.com)
Our pulmonary function and exercise lab acts as the testing lab for many UCDHS sponsored clinical research studies for new medications and treatments for lung disease and other chronic disorders. (ucdavis.edu)

You will walk on a treadmill or pedal on an exercise bicycle. (medlineplus.gov)
If you are doing the exercise for desaturation test, you will be asked to walk on a treadmill at a comfortable pace for a maximum of 6 minutes per exercise period. (nationaljewish.org)
Typically, you will be asked to walk on a treadmill during the test, while a doctor or technician measures how well your heart can cope with the increasing workload. (mydr.com.au)
You will then be asked to walk on a treadmill (or cycle on an exercise bike). (mydr.com.au)
During both tests, you walk on a treadmill or ride a bike, which increases in elevation and/or speed every few minutes. (everydayhealth.com)

As your body works harder during the test, it requires more oxygen, so the heart must pump more blood. (strokeassociation.org)
An exercise stress test is primarily used to help your doctor determine if your heart receives enough oxygen and proper blood flow when it needs it most, such as when you are exercising. (healthline.com)
1. A graded test to measure an individual's heart rate and oxygen intake while undergoing strenuous physical exercise, as on a treadmill. (thefreedictionary.com)
The exercise for desaturation test evaluates your oxygen needs at rest and during exercise. (nationaljewish.org)
You may be asked to wear oxygen during the testing periods. (nationaljewish.org)
Walking test used to assess physical fitness and or the need for oxygen during walking. (ucdavis.edu)

Under the direction of medical director Nicolas Stollenwerk M.D. , the pulmonary function and exercise testing lab at UC Davis Medical Center offers state of the art lung function and exercise testing. (ucdavis.edu)

An exercise stress test is used to determine how well your heart responds during times when it's working its hardest. (healthline.com)
An exercise stress test may also be used to help determine your level of health, especially if you are starting a new exercise program. (healthline.com)
A blood test to measure actin can help confirm a heart attack and determine the extent of heart damage. (heart.org)
Combined with exercise, the test can help determine if there is adequate blood flow to the heart during activity versus at rest. (clevelandclinic.org)
2. A test performed on a system or organization to determine its susceptibility to failure under various conditions. (thefreedictionary.com)
The test is not a recommended screening procedure to be given to all individuals to determine one's overall health. (zocdoc.com)
This report allows the clinician to determine if the test was "maximal" or "submaximal. (aafp.org)
We know that a positive response to CRT therapy improves breathing efficiency during exercise, so it makes sense that parameters that can measure patient breathing efficiency can be used to determine the proper CRT settings. (dotmed.com)
Urine testing [6] also makes it more difficult to determine whether any hyperglycemia noted is the result of a Somogyi rebound pattern or a true need for an increase in insulin dosage. (amazonaws.com)
The study, funded by the National Institute on Aging, could help determine whether exercise can protect people from the memory and thinking problems associated with Alzheimer's. (npr.org)

It was unusual to find at maximal exercise a breathing reserve less than 11 L/min, arterial PO2 less than 80 mm Hg, alveolar-arterial PO2 difference greater than 38 mm Hg, arterial-end tidal PCO2 difference greater than 1 mm Hg, respiratory frequency greater than 60, or a dead space/tidal volume ratio greater than 0.28. (nih.gov)
With maximal exercise, the intra-arterial systolic and diastolic pressures rose an average of 68 and 13 mm Hg, respectively. (nih.gov)
Men who died were older than those who survived and had a lower maximal heart rate, lower maximal systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and lower exercise capacity. (nih.gov)
The safety of maximal exercise testing. (biomedsearch.com)
No complications have occurred in the past 10 years in 45,000 maximal tests. (biomedsearch.com)
Maximal exercise testing appears safer than some previously published reports have suggested and seems to be getting safer with time. (biomedsearch.com)

Prior to your test, your doctor will perform a physical exam and ask about your complete medical history. (healthline.com)
Subjects referred to perform a metabolic exercise testing. (clinicaltrials.gov)
To perform the test, begin with the first line of the truth table and make sure the actual positions of the Ship and Return gates match the positions specified by that line. (usda.gov)
An annual AFGSC exercise, Constant Vigilance is designed to train and assess the command's ability to perform its conventional and nuclear missions. (af.mil)
The physical examination must include consideration of the patient's ability to walk and exercise, along with any signs of acute or serious disease that may affect the test results or the patient's ability to perform the test. (aafp.org)
We will ask for your permission (consent) to perform the test. (gosh.nhs.uk)
Exercise intolerance is a condition of inability or decreased ability to perform physical exercise at the normally expected level or duration for people of that age, size, sex, and muscle mass. (wikipedia.org)

It's the biggest NATO exercise since the end of the Cold War - and it's going feature self-driving vehicles and 3D printers. (newscientist.com)
As the exercise name suggests, the goal of Baltops is to test the ability of NATO and allied/partner nations to guarantee the freedom and security of nations with a Baltic coastline. (royalnavy.mod.uk)
Aside from HMS Kent, minehunter HMS Ramsey is also involved in the exercise, working as part of a NATO mine warfare task group which she joined last month. (royalnavy.mod.uk)
News: Exercise Steadfast Defender 2021 to test NATO readiness and military mobility, 06-May. (nato.int)
NATO exercise Steadfast Defender 2021 kicks off this month, bringing together more than 20 NATO Allies and partners from North America and Europe1. (nato.int)
Exercise Steadfast Defender 2021 will test NATO's readiness and military mobility - with forces deploying across land and sea, all the way from North America to the Black Sea region and off the coast of Portugal," said NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg. (nato.int)
With over 9,000 troops, the exercise demonstrates that NATO has the capabilities and the resolve to protect all Allies against any threat," he added. (nato.int)
Steadfast Defender 2021 will be the first large-scale test of NATO's adapted Command Structure, with the involvement of two new NATO commands - Joint Support and Enabling Command based in Ulm, Germany and Joint Force Command Norfolk, based in the United States. (nato.int)
At a virtual press conference today (6 May 2021) moderated by the NATO Spokesperson Oana Lungescu, Lieutenant General Brice Houdet, Vice Chief of Staff at NATO Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE) previewed the preparations and objectives of the exercise. (nato.int)
News: NATO Exercise Steadfast Javelin II tests Allied interoperability, 08-Sep. (nato.int)
NATO-led Exercise Steadfast Javelin II wrapped up on Monday (8 September 2014) after a week of intensive training which involved over 2,000 troops from 10 Allied nations. (nato.int)
With this exercise NATO sent the clear message that it is committed and ready to protect member nations' territory at any time," General Hans-Lothar Domröse, Commander Joint Forces Command Brunssum (JFCB) said. (nato.int)

This unusual search-and-rescue exercise, conducted last month, was the product of collaboration between the Coast Guard, Sandia National Laboratory, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, which lent the Puma drone for the operation, ConocoPhillips, Boeing subsidiary Insitu, and Era Helicopters. (adn.com)
After the search-and-rescue exercise, the Coast Guard's Research and Development Center ordered its own Puma unmanned aircraft at a cost of $800,000. (adn.com)

Exercise Cygnus was a three-day simulation exercise carried out by NHS England in October 2016 to estimate the impact of a hypothetical H2N2 influenza pandemic on the United Kingdom. (wikipedia.org)
The full results of the exercise remained classified up till October 2016[contradictory] following public inquiry and pressure. (wikipedia.org)

This study was conducted to evaluate the immunological response to an exhaustive treadmill exercise test in 20 female chronic fatigue syndrome patients compared to 14 matched sedentary controls. (nih.gov)

This large drill tested participants' response capabilities and ability to coordinate their responses to multiple incidents. (fema.gov)
Training and exercise participation hones AFGSC's nuclear deterrence and long-range strike capabilities, ensuring the command is ready to support the president and combatant commanders if and when called upon to do so. (af.mil)
For members of Eighth Air Force's, Constant Vigilance was an opportunity to exercise their mission of quickly providing combatant commanders with kinetic and nonkinetic capabilities to achieve strategic effects. (af.mil)
Sept. 13 (UPI) -- An ordnance disposal unit successfully tested its mine countermeasures capabilities in the Arctic Ocean, according to the U.S. Navy. (upi.com)
The F-35 joint strike fighter's AN/APG-81 radar's electronic protection capabilities have been tested during a US joint military exercise. (airforce-technology.com)

Nearly 2000 people from more than 30 local, state and federal agencies participated in the Colorado Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness annual exercise on May 2, 2018. (fema.gov)

Lita Collins does a deadlift during a CrossFit workout at Ross Valley CrossFit on March 14, 2014 in San Anselmo, Calif. CrossFit, a high- intensity workout regimen that is a constantly varied mix of aerobic exercise, gymnastics and Olympic weightlifting, is one of the fastest- growing fitness programs in the world. (montrealgazette.com)
An alternative measure of intensity is the talk test, which suggests the harder the workout, the harder it is to talk. (montrealgazette.com)
Repeatedly validated as a legitimate measure of exercise intensity, a group of researchers from the Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, La Crosse, Wis. (montrealgazette.com)
decided to test the practicality and accuracy of using the talk test to direct exercisers toward choosing and maintaining a specific intensity. (montrealgazette.com)
The primary hypothesis is that exercise induces epinephrine-mediated intratumoral natural killer (NK)-cell infiltration in patients with localized prostate cancer , and that the infiltration is greater in patients performing High Intensity Interval Training compared to usual care controls. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Methods: In this randomized controlled pilot study 30 patients with localized prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy will be included and randomized 2:1 to either High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) exercise intervention or observational control receiving usual care from inclusion and until planned surgery (radical prostatectomy). (clinicaltrials.gov)
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of exercise on the variability of intratumoral Natural Killer (NK)-cell infiltration in tumor biopsies taken before and after an exercise intervention in patients randomized 2:1 to one of two study arms: I) High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) (N=20) or II) usual care, prior to radical prostatectomy. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The lab personnel will ask you to start exercising and will gradually increase the intensity of exercise. (clevelandclinic.org)
If you can just talk, you are just about at the right exercise intensity. (acefitness.org)
Even in 1979, the concept of the "Talk Test" as a marker of correct exercise intensity was not really all that new. (acefitness.org)
Ongoing research confirms that the Talk Test is a valuable tool for monitoring (and controlling) exercise intensity. (acefitness.org)
VT2 represents the point at which high-intensity exercise can no longer be sustained due to the accumulation of lactic acid. (acefitness.org)
Younger, unfit adolescent clients may require strong verbal encouragement to achieve satisfactory intensity levels during exercise evaluation. (humankinetics.com)
The evidence in science has been building for the last 20 years to suggest that exercise at the right intensity could protect brain health as we age," Baker says. (npr.org)

This was the scenario facing staff at Whanganui Hospital during Operation Tangaroa, a nationwide exercise which tested the country's readiness for, and reaction to, the impact of a tsumani. (nzherald.co.nz)
Trojan Footprint 16 was a large-scale special operations readiness exercise which brought together special operations forces from 10 different nations to train together. (military.com)

The laboratory contains several cycle ergometers for aerobic exercise training, a modified Krogh one-legged ergometer, resistance exercise testing and training devices, two YoYo Technologies inertial ergometers, and a specially designed rigid chair, coupled with two computers interfaced with a force transducer and an ultrasound machine for the measurement of in vivo tendon mechanical properties. (bsu.edu)
The test involves using a bike or aerobic pedal exerciser to a set protocol whilst wearing a mouthpiece or a mask. (bmihealthcare.co.uk)
A federally funded study is testing aerobic exercise as a way to prevent the development of Alzheimer's disease. (npr.org)
Half the participants do aerobic exercise, like running on a treadmill. (npr.org)

In an exercise stress test, electrodes are taped to your chest to detect your heart's rhythm. (mayoclinic.org)
During an exercise stress test, a technician will first gently clean small areas on your chest and put electrodes (small, flat, sticky patches) on these areas. (webmd.com)
The electrodes are attached to an electrocardiograph monitor (EKG) that charts your heart's electrical activity during the test. (webmd.com)
Before the testing begins EKG electrodes will be placed on your chest to monitor you heart. (nationaljewish.org)
The test begins by placing electrodes on your chest. (wregional.com)
If you are having an ECG exercise stress test , you will be connected to a 12-lead ECG - this involves having the electrodes attached to your arms, legs and chest. (mydr.com.au)

This is the commonly performed test that is described above. (medindia.net)
Because most urine tests measure acetoacetic acid, and not the most commonly found beta-hydroxybutyrate acid, it is possible to have ketones present and get a negative urine test result. (amazonaws.com)
However, it is more commonly seen in vigorous exercise when taken outdoors. (gosh.nhs.uk)
The three most common reasons people give for being unable to tolerate a normal amount of exercise or physical activity are: breathlessness - commonly seen in people with lung diseases, heart disease, and obesity fatigue - When it appears early in an exercise test, it is usually due to deconditioning (either through a sedentary lifestyle or while convalescing from a long illness), but it can indicate heart, lung, or neuromuscular diseases. (wikipedia.org)
Multiple sclerosis Cystic fibrosis: CF can cause skeletal muscle atrophy, however more commonly it can cause exercise intolerance. (wikipedia.org)

The second set is done after the tracer is re-injected when you are at peak exercise on the treadmill or bike. (everydayhealth.com)
After adjustment for age, the peak exercise capacity measured in metabolic equivalents (MET) was the strongest predictor of the risk of death among both normal subjects and those with cardiovascular disease. (nih.gov)
Absolute peak exercise capacity was a stronger predictor of the risk of death than the percentage of the age-predicted value achieved, and there was no interaction between the use or nonuse of beta-blockade and the predictive power of exercise capacity. (nih.gov)
If you are testing urine for glucose, the time you test likely affects results in this way: mid-day urine glucose tests would reflect the nadir of glucose in the system--this also represents the peak of the insulin. (amazonaws.com)

The exercise scenario involved several simulated events including a chemical accident at the Pueblo Chemical Depot, evacuation of the Boone community due to flooding, a bus crash of evacuees, and a simulated HAZMAT and evacuation at a Pueblo West school due to an explosion in the school laboratory. (fema.gov)
Due to COVID-19 restrictions, The Exercise Testing & Training Laboratory is only open to Creighton students, faculty and staff. (creighton.edu)
The Creighton University Exercise Testing and Training Laboratory is located in the lower level of the Department of Exercise Science & Pre-Health Professions, room 150. (creighton.edu)
Cameroon health officials were given a range of dates when the exercise could take place but they did not know precisely when the sample (which would actually test positive for cholera) that commenced the exercise would arrive at the laboratory. (cdc.gov)

For the study, 2014 men between 40 and 59 years old took a bicycle exercise test and were followed for an average of 26 years. (redorbit.com)
Some examples of exercise stress testing are six-minute walk, bicycle and treadmill tests. (emoryhealthcare.org)
This test is often done in your doctor's office, usually on a treadmill or stationary bicycle. (thefreedictionary.com)

Depending on the results of the exercise stress test, the physician may recommend more tests such as a nuclear stress test or cardiac catheterization . (strokeassociation.org)
Your physician will tell you NOT to take theophylline (Theo-Dur®) for 48 hours before the test. (clevelandclinic.org)
Your physician may tell you to take only half of your usual morning dose and to eat a light meal 4 hours before the test. (clevelandclinic.org)
Your physician may also ask you to stop taking other heart medications on the day of your test. (clevelandclinic.org)
The testing area is supervised by a physician. (clevelandclinic.org)
An exercise stress test is usually ordered by a General Physician or a Cardiologist. (medindia.net)
New pre-exercise health screening recommendations are critical to helping more of the population begin a safe, healthy physical activity program without consulting a physician. (acsm.org)
This manual is an essential resource for all exercise professionals, as well as other health professionals who may council patients on exercise including physicians, nurses, physician s assistants, physical and occupational therapists, dieticians, and health care administrators. (issuu.com)
Your test will be interpreted by a cardiologist and the results will be reported to your physician. (wregional.com)
This test will provide your physician with information to make accurate diagnosis and develop a treatment plan that is best for you. (wregional.com)
Please discuss your stress test with your primary care physician for more information. (zocdoc.com)
As patients exercise at a steady state heart rate, the physician adjusts therapy settings every two minutes, enough time for the adjustments to be reflected in breathing physiology. (dotmed.com)

Exercise stress testing is a procedure used by doctors to measure the performance and capacity of the heart, lungs and blood vessels during exercise. (mydr.com.au)

A doctor will do the exercise test in room that is a combination of a doctor's office and workout area. (chp.edu)

Stress tests are generally safe. (medlineplus.gov)
Stress tests measure the amount of stress your heart can manage before it beats in an irregular rhythm or affects your blood flow. (webmd.com)
What Other Types of Stress Tests Are There? (webmd.com)
Exercise stress tests are usually reserved for assessing cases of suspected heart disease. (redorbit.com)
Stress tests are generally considered safe, especially since they're done in a controlled environment under the supervision of a trained medical professional. (healthline.com)
The two most common types of exercise stress tests are the plain EKG test and the nuclear (or thallium) test . (everydayhealth.com)

Test protocols should be designed to last between 8 and 12 min. (humankinetics.com)
Previous reports on the safety of exercise testing have been based on surveys from different testing facilities with a variety of testing protocols and patient types. (biomedsearch.com)
Our team of Licensed Respiratory Care Practitioners are highly trained specialists in exercise and lung testing protocols. (ucdavis.edu)

An exercise stress test is used to measure the effect of exercise on your heart. (medlineplus.gov)
With that, the most rigorous test to date begins of Cameroon's ability to provide accurate disease diagnosis, case management, surveillance and coordination and to measure how well health officials in Cameroon were able collect information, analyze it, predict the outbreak's scope and direction and how to effectively combat it. (cdc.gov)

This is because if you have taken the drug, dangerous side effects like drastic drop of blood pressure may occur, especially when a drug called nitroglycerin is required to relieve chest pain during the test. (medindia.net)
He has a serum total cholesterol concentration of 6.1 mmol/L (with an high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration of 1.5 mmol/L). The chest pain is anterior, poorly localised, mild, and intermittent, though sometimes associated with exercise. (bmj.com)

The nuances of fitness assessment and the particulars of crafting exercise prescriptions are explored in expansive sections throughout the book. (acsm.org)
Moreover there is a need for studies including biological measurements to allow a full assessment of the effect of exercise on diverse biomarkers and mechanistic pathways, which may influence cancer survival. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The test can be used as a pre assessment tool to identify if any additional pre of post surgery care is required, but also in diagnosis of conditions and for the training of athletes. (bmihealthcare.co.uk)
Whether you're applying for a place to study nursing at university, a final year student nurse applying for your first nursing role, or a practising nurse looking for a new job, you'll have to undergo an assessment, usually involving a range of tests and an interview, to secure your place. (nursingtimes.net)

This is an excerpt from ACSM's Exercise Management for Persons with Chronic Diseases and Disabilities, Third Edition , from the American College of Sports Medicine and edited by J. Larry Durstine, Geoffrey E. Moore, Patricia L. Painter, and Scott O. Roberts. (humankinetics.com)

From a test administration perspective, children consistently rate submaximal exercise lower on RPE charts than do adolescents and adults. (humankinetics.com)

You must not eat, smoke, or drink beverages containing caffeine or alcohol for 3 hours (or more) before the test. (medlineplus.gov)
In most cases, you will be asked to avoid caffeine for 24 hours before the test. (medlineplus.gov)
Don't drink or eat foods with caffeine for 24 hours before the test. (webmd.com)
Caffeine can affect the results of your test. (webmd.com)
Avoid all products containing caffeine for 24 hours before the test. (clevelandclinic.org)
Also avoid decaffeinated or caffeine-free products for 24 hours before the test, as these products contain trace amounts of caffeine. (clevelandclinic.org)
DO NOT take any over-the-counter medication that contains caffeine (such as Excedrin®, Anacin®, diet pills and No Doz®) for 24 hours before the test. (clevelandclinic.org)
You will be advised not to drink or eat any liquids or foods that contain caffeine for 24 hours before the test. (mydr.com.au)
In general, caffeine is found in coffee, tea, colas and other soft drinks, most chocolate products, as caffeine will interfere with the results of the test. (clevelandclinic.org)

What is a nuclear exercise stress test? (clevelandclinic.org)
A nuclear exercise stress test is a diagnostic test used to evaluate blood flow to the heart. (clevelandclinic.org)
In the nuclear exercise stress test, two sets of images are taken. (everydayhealth.com)

The exercise will involve interoperability between MARS and Amateur Radio participants and is open to all members of the amateur community. (arrl.org)
Methods This was a cross-sectional analysis of 72 participants who completed a cardiopulmonary exercise test before liver transplantation. (medscape.com)
All participants remained on their usual beta-blocker dose and timing prior to the test. (medscape.com)
To qualify for the EXERT study, participants must be between 65 and 89 and not engage in regular exercise. (npr.org)
We're using only Richard's first name to protect his privacy and the integrity of the study, which doesn't allow investigators to know which participants are getting which form of exercise. (npr.org)
As part of the study, Richard and other participants undergo tests of memory and thinking. (npr.org)
While this incident did not trigger the activation of the State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) or involve practicing formal press interaction, the scenarios were designed to hone and test the abilities of all participants to work together in new ways. (govtech.com)

It also helps doctors know the kind and level of exercise appropriate for a patient. (strokeassociation.org)
A patient exercise episode is identified using at least one predetermined criteria. (google.com)
At the beginning and after a cycle of trainings, each patient underwent exercise stress test (EST) and was scored on their ATT and AAL based on the Psychological Effects of Rehabilitation Score Scale (PERSS) according to Tylka and Makowska [14]. (thefreedictionary.com)
It generally resolves after a few minutes whether or not the patient continues to exercise. (bmj.com)
These indicators were then averaged in non-overlapped windows of 1 min for each patient to compare groups at each minute of the physical stress test. (springer.com)

On the day of your scheduled test, report to room A310a at Pulmonary Physiology Services, (PPS), located on the 3rd floor of the May building. (nationaljewish.org)
It was the summer of 1979, and I was a first-year graduate student in exercise physiology, still in wonder as I began to learn things like VO 2 max, lactate threshold, mitochondrial density and training effect. (acefitness.org)
This simple idea kept kicking around on the fringes of exercise physiology, not quite technologically advanced enough to ever gain real respectability in an era of rapidly expanding technology, but never quite going away. (acefitness.org)
said exercise physiology lecturer Dr Michael Duncan. (kotaku.com.au)
The exercise physiology lab is another multipurpose lab located within the Exercise Physiology department. (kent.edu)

4 - 9 Exercise stress scintigraphy uses a radioactive tracer to enhance abnormal areas of myocardial blood flow. (aafp.org)

Avoid eating, smoking, or drinking caffeinated beverages for three hours before the test. (healthline.com)
However, it is best to avoid drinking cold water or exercising straight before your test. (mydr.com.au)
You may be asked to avoid eating for 3 hours before the test. (mydr.com.au)
Similarly, avoid alcohol and smoking for at least 3 hours before the test. (mydr.com.au)
A government disclaimer on the UK pandemic preparedness website stated that Exercise Cygnus was not intended to manage future pandemics of different nature, or to pinpoint what measures to adopt to avoid widespread transmission. (wikipedia.org)

The exercise stress test involves exercising on a treadmill while you are closely monitored. (clevelandclinic.org)
The basic exercise stress test involves running on a treadmill while hooked up to an EKG monitor that tracks the electrical activity of the heart. (zocdoc.com)

During the test, a small amount of radioactive tracer is injected into a vein. (clevelandclinic.org)
This test uses a small amount of radioactive substance. (medindia.net)

Baseline measurements of heart rate and blood pressure will be taken before exercise starts. (medlineplus.gov)
If your doctor orders a nuclear stress test, you'll also receive an injection of radioactive dye that shows the blood flow to your heart muscle. (mayoclinic.org)
If you take insulin to control your blood sugar, ask your doctor how much medication you should take the day of the test and if you should eat a light meal. (webmd.com)
If you take pills to control your blood sugar , you may be told to wait and take your medication after the test. (webmd.com)
If you have a glucose monitor, bring it with you to check your blood sugar levels before and after your exercise stress test. (webmd.com)
You may be told not to take certain heart or blood pressure medications the morning of the test that could affect your results. (webmd.com)
It's normal for your heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing rate to go up or for you to sweat during the test. (webmd.com)
The test can show if the blood supply is reduced in the arteries that supply the heart. (strokeassociation.org)
Finally, let your doctor know if you have diabetes , because exercise affects blood sugar. (healthline.com)
If you do have diabetes, your doctor may want to monitor your blood glucose levels during the exercise test as well. (healthline.com)
If your blood pressure rises during the test, your attending nurse may continue to monitor your blood pressure. (healthline.com)
If you take pills to control your blood sugar, do not take your medication until after the test is complete. (clevelandclinic.org)
Plan to eat and take your blood sugar medication following your test. (clevelandclinic.org)
Your heart rate, EKG and blood pressure will be monitored throughout the test. (clevelandclinic.org)
The camera will record images that show blood flow through your heart during exercise. (clevelandclinic.org)
Your blood pressure will be taken before, during and after you exercise. (nationaljewish.org)
If arterial blood gas samples will be taken while you exercise a catheter will be placed in an artery in your arm. (nationaljewish.org)
Exercise increases the concentration of muscle metabolites in the venous blood supply (e.g. lactate, pyruvate, and ammonia) especially during recovery. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The results of blood analysis from samples performed before, during, and after exercise will be compared to the results of muscle biopsy or genetic analysis. (clinicaltrials.gov)
You will exercise on a treadmill while your EKG and blood pressure are monitored. (wregional.com)
When the exercise portion of the test is over, your EKG and blood pressure will continue to be monitored for several minutes. (wregional.com)
A number of heart and blood pressure medicines can interfere with the testing. (mydr.com.au)
The stress test will also indicate how severely the blockage is limiting the blood flow, which is crucial information in deciding whether to recommend an invasive or noninvasive approach to treatment. (everydayhealth.com)
The blood pressure response to exercise is a helpful sign of the risk of future complications from hypertension, such as heart attack and stroke. (everydayhealth.com)
Nuclear images are obtained in the same manner described for the nuclear stress test to reflect relative blood flow during rest and during exercise. (everydayhealth.com)
What tests are suggested for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus?Generally, the following screening tests are recommended when cat diabetes is suspected: a complete blood count (CBC), a serum biochemistry profile, and a urinalysis. (amazonaws.com)
Some reasons for preferring testing glucose levels by using blood over urine testing is that the urine used in testing may have been in the bladder for hours. (amazonaws.com)
They also have tests to monitor blood flow in the brain, brain atrophy, and levels of toxic proteins associated with Alzheimer's. (npr.org)
When a blood pressure reading is taken at several points during the test, the cuff inflates with air and may feel tight on your child's arm . (chp.edu)
Once your child has reached exhaustion, or if abnormal changes are noted on the EKG or blood pressure, the test will be stopped. (chp.edu)

The latest information about heart & vascular disorders, treatments, tests and prevention from the No. 1-ranked heart program in the United States. (clevelandclinic.org)
This module is concerned with the knowledge and understanding required to safely contribute to the exercise testing and interpretation of patients with heart diseases, pulmonary vascular diseases, peripheral arterial diseases, ventilatory disorders, muscle disorders. (mdx.ac.uk)

MARS is encouraging its members to discuss communication interoperability in advance of the exercise with their ARES section and district or local emergency coordinators. (arrl.org)
This communications exercise is sponsored by the DoD to provide MARS operators the opportunity to develop and train interoperability procedures with their state/local ARES emergency coordinators and their Amateur Radio colleagues," explained Army MARS Program Manager Paul English, WD8DBY. (arrl.org)
There are two preferred windows of opportunity to conduct the interoperability exercise. (arrl.org)
The exercise, which took place in Estonia, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland, focused on strengthening interoperability between air and ground forces through airborne and air assault missions. (nato.int)

U.S. Army soldiers with Combined Joint Task Force-Horn of Africa's 1st Combined Arms Battalion, 63rd Armor Regiment, 2nd Armored Brigade Combat Team, 1st Infantry Division inspect their equipment during a response force training exercise Nov. 8, 2013, on Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti. (dvidshub.net)
The exercise tested the abilities of the East Africa Response Force, which acts as the U.S. quick reaction force for crises and contingencies in the region. (dvidshub.net)
CAMP LEMONNIER, Djibouti - U.S. soldiers assigned to Combined Joint Task Force-Horn of Africa tested their rapid response capability during an exercise here recently. (dvidshub.net)
The East Africa Response Force conducted an embassy response exercise to hone their skills of quickly reacting to a threat facing a U.S. Embassy in the region. (dvidshub.net)
This work, Exercise tests response force , by TSgt Chad Warren , identified by DVIDS , must comply with the restrictions shown on https://www.dvidshub.net/about/copyright . (dvidshub.net)
The US and South Korean militaries conducted a live-fire exercise using surface-to-surface missiles in response to North Korea's test of an intercontinental ballistic missile, the US Army said Friday. (ndtv.com)
The joint exercise, which occurred Saturday morning South Korea time, came shortly after officials said that the heads of the US and South Korean militaries had discussed "military response options" after North Korea's launch. (ndtv.com)
At the end of the test, during which four to five therapy settings are tested, the system uses a proprietary computer algorithm to rank the physiological response to exercise at each setting. (dotmed.com)
Immunological response in chronic fatigue syndrome following a graded exercise test to exhaustion. (nih.gov)
The immune response of chronic fatigue syndrome patients to exhaustive exercise is not significantly different from that of healthy nonphysically active controls. (nih.gov)
Senior Airman Jeremy Bartlett, 341st Security Support Squadron convoy response force member, searches for enemy combatants during the annual Road Warrior exercise at Camp Guernsey, Wyo. (af.mil)
Senior Airman Shealyn Kunze, 91st Missile Security Forces Squadron response force leader, listens to her radio during the annual Road Warrior training exercise at Camp Guernsey, Wyo. (af.mil)
It was billed as the first international public health response exercise in Africa. (cdc.gov)
We gave a lot of thought to how we could include elements that tested the full range of the response," said Kerrethel Avery, who was CDC's lead official for the exercise and who works in the Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response. (cdc.gov)
However, we observed that symptomatic males developed a more female-like autonomic modulation, probably related to a more protective autonomic response to exercise. (springer.com)
This cyber exercise was new in that the focus was on incident response and not just on attacking and defending skills. (govtech.com)
According to The Telegraph, the exercise led to assumptions that a "herd immunity" approach would be the best response to a similar epidemic. (wikipedia.org)
In March 2020, the three government documents available for response to COVID-19 were those published in 2011 ("Influenza Pandemic Preparedness Strategy"), 2012 ("Health and Social Care Influenza Pandemic Preparedness and Response") and 2014 ("Pandemic Influenza Response Plan") respectively, with no revised report following Exercise Cygnus and no mention of ventilators. (wikipedia.org)

At regular intervals, the difficulty of the exercise will increase until you achieve the target heart rate. (clevelandclinic.org)
If you are unable to achieve your target heart rate, a medication may be given to simulate exercise. (clevelandclinic.org)
Examples of prognostic indicators include, among other things, ectopic beats, runs of ectopic beats, rate of decrease of heart rate during a post-exercise recovery portion of the episode, a maximum attained heart rate for comparison to a maximum age-predicted heart rate, as well as other prognostic indicators. (google.com)
11. The system of claim 1 , in which the at least one displayed prognostic indicator includes an indication of a rate of decrease of the patient's heart rate during a post-exercise recovery portion of the episode. (google.com)

Anatomy11

Organisms1

Diseases40

Chemicals and Drugs36

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment83

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes72

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena16

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Humanities1

Information Science1

Named Groups1

Health Care37

Energy cost of sport rock climbing in elite performers. (1/6923)

Prognostic value of myocardial perfusion imaging in patients with high exercise tolerance. (2/6923)

Energy cost of propulsion in standard and ultralight wheelchairs in people with spinal cord injuries. (3/6923)

Phase reversal of biomechanical functions and muscle activity in backward pedaling. (4/6923)

Development of a 12-min treadmill walk test at a self-selected pace for the evaluation of cardiorespiratory fitness in adult men. (5/6923)

Echo derived variables predicting exercise tolerance in patients with dilated and poorly functioning left ventricle. (6/6923)

Expression of the cell adhesion molecules on leukocytes that demarginate during acute maximal exercise. (7/6923)

Influence of body temperature on the development of fatigue during prolonged exercise in the heat. (8/6923)

Exercise Test

Exercise Tolerance

Exercise

Exercise Therapy

Physical Exertion

Oxygen Consumption

Physical Endurance

Anaerobic Threshold

Heart Rate

Physical Fitness

Asthma, Exercise-Induced

Bicycling

Pulmonary Gas Exchange

Electrocardiography

Muscle, Skeletal

Angina Pectoris

Lactic Acid

Ergometry

Rest

Sports

Running

Respiratory Function Tests

Time Factors

Blood Pressure

Dyspnea

Coronary Disease

Respiration

Hemodynamics

Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena

Physical Education and Training

Oxygen

Walking

Breathing Exercises

Forced Expiratory Volume

Heart Failure

Metabolic Equivalent

Cardiac Output

Stroke Volume

Cross-Over Studies

Lactates

Muscle Fatigue

Double-Blind Method

Carbon Dioxide

Follow-Up Studies

Analysis of Variance

Resistance Training

Glycogen Storage Disease Type V

Pulmonary Ventilation

Leg

Predictive Value of Tests

Athletes

Muscle Stretching Exercises

Muscle Strength

Heart

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists

Myocardial Ischemia

Regional Blood Flow

Microvascular Angina

Adaptation, Physiological

Prospective Studies

Hyperventilation

Treatment Outcome

Spirometry

Maximal Voluntary Ventilation

Glycogen

Respiratory Physiological Phenomena

Energy Metabolism

Electrocardiography, Ambulatory

Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive

Single-Blind Method

Coronary Angiography

Reference Values

Echocardiography

Lung Diseases, Obstructive

Quadriceps Muscle

Prognosis

Horses

Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis

Chronic Disease

Respiratory Mechanics