Eutrophication
Baltic States
Water Pollution, Chemical
Phytoplankton
Drainage, Sanitary
Lakes
Oceans and Seas
Ecosystem
Phosphorus
Harmful Algal Bloom
Water Quality
Nitrogen
Seaweed
Fertilizers
Climatic Processes
Zosteraceae
Biomass
Environmental Monitoring
Biodiversity
Water Movements
Geologic Sediments
Nitrosomonadaceae
Environment
Water Pollutants, Chemical
Anthozoa
Rivers
Eukaryota
Water Microbiology
Food Chain
Agriculture
Conservation of Natural Resources
Soil
Population Dynamics
Climate Change
Water Supply
Ecology
Water
Dynamics of bacterial community composition and activity during a mesocosm diatom bloom. (1/248)
Bacterial community composition, enzymatic activities, and carbon dynamics were examined during diatom blooms in four 200-liter laboratory seawater mesocosms. The objective was to determine whether the dramatic shifts in growth rates and ectoenzyme activities, which are commonly observed during the course of phytoplankton blooms and their subsequent demise, could result from shifts in bacterial community composition. Nutrient enrichment of metazoan-free seawater resulted in diatom blooms dominated by a Thalassiosira sp., which peaked 9 days after enrichment ( approximately 24 microg of chlorophyll a liter(-1)). At this time bacterial abundance abruptly decreased from 2.8 x 10(6) to 0.75 x 10(6) ml(-1), and an analysis of bacterial community composition, by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene fragments, revealed the disappearance of three dominant phylotypes. Increased viral and flagellate abundances suggested that both lysis and grazing could have played a role in the observed phylotype-specific mortality. Subsequently, new phylotypes appeared and bacterial production, abundance, and enzyme activities shifted from being predominantly associated with the <1.0-microm size fraction towards the >1.0-microm size fraction, indicating a pronounced microbial colonization of particles. Sequencing of DGGE bands suggested that the observed rapid and extensive colonization of particulate matter was mainly by specialized alpha-Proteobacteria- and Cytophagales-related phylotypes. These particle-associated bacteria had high growth rates as well as high cell-specific aminopeptidase, beta-glucosidase, and lipase activities. Rate measurements as well as bacterial population dynamics were almost identical among the mesocosms indicating that the observed bacterial community dynamics were systematic and repeatable responses to the manipulated conditions. (+info)Forecasting agriculturally driven global environmental change. (2/248)
During the next 50 years, which is likely to be the final period of rapid agricultural expansion, demand for food by a wealthier and 50% larger global population will be a major driver of global environmental change. Should past dependences of the global environmental impacts of agriculture on human population and consumption continue, 10(9) hectares of natural ecosystems would be converted to agriculture by 2050. This would be accompanied by 2.4- to 2.7-fold increases in nitrogen- and phosphorus-driven eutrophication of terrestrial, freshwater, and near-shore marine ecosystems, and comparable increases in pesticide use. This eutrophication and habitat destruction would cause unprecedented ecosystem simplification, loss of ecosystem services, and species extinctions. Significant scientific advances and regulatory, technological, and policy changes are needed to control the environmental impacts of agricultural expansion. (+info)Possible estuary-associated syndrome: symptoms, vision, and treatment. (3/248)
The human illness designated as possible estuarine-associated syndrome (PEAS) by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has been associated with exposure to estuaries inhabited by toxin-forming dinoflagellates, including members of the fish-killing toxic Pfiesteria complex (TPC), Pfiesteria piscicida and Pfiesteria shumwayae. Humans may be exposed through direct contact with estuarine water or by inhalation of aerosolized or volatilized toxin(s). The five cases reported here demonstrate the full spectrum of symptoms experienced during acute and chronic stages of this suspected neurotoxin-mediated illness. The nonspecific symptoms most commonly reported are cough, secretory diarrhea, headache, fatigue, memory impairment, rash, difficulty in concentrating, light sensitivity, burning skin upon water contact, muscle ache, and abdominal pain. Less frequently encountered symptoms are upper airway obstruction, shortness of breath, confusion, red or tearing eyes, weakness, and vertigo. Some patients experience as few as four of these symptoms. The discovery that an indicator of visual pattern-detection ability, visual contrast sensitivity (VCS), is sharply reduced in affected individuals has provided an objective indicator that is useful in diagnosing and monitoring PEAS. VCS deficits are present in both acute and chronic PEAS, and VCS recovers during cholestyramine treatment coincident with symptom abatement. Although PEAS cannot yet be definitively associated with TPC exposure, resolution with cholestyramine treatment suggests a neurotoxin-mediated illness. (+info)Pfiesteria-related educational products and information resources available to the public, health officials, and researchers. (4/248)
Public and political concerns about Pfiesteria from 1997 to the present vastly exceed the attention given to other harmful algal bloom (HAB) issues in the United States. To some extent, the intense focus on Pfiesteria has served to increase attention on HABs in general. Given the strong and continuing public, political, and research interests in Pfiesteria piscicida Steidinger & Burkholder and related organisms, there is a clear need for information and resources of many different types. This article provides information on Pfiesteria-related educational products and information resources available to the general public, health officials, and researchers. These resources are compiled into five categories: reports; website resources; state outreach and communication programs; fact sheets; and training manuals and documentaries. Over the last few years there has been rapid expansion in the amount of Pfiesteria-related information available, particularly on the Internet, and it is scattered among many different sources. (+info)The role of nutrient loading and eutrophication in estuarine ecology. (5/248)
Eutrophication is a process that can be defined as an increase in the rate of supply of organic matter (OM) to an ecosystem. We provide a general overview of the major features driving estuarine eutrophication and outline some of the consequences of that process. The main chemical constituent of OM is carbon (C), and therefore rates of eutrophication are expressed in units of C per area per unit time. OM occurs in both particulate and dissolved forms. Allochthonous OM originates outside the estuary, whereas autochthonous OM is generated within the system, mostly by primary producers or by benthic regeneration of OM. The supply rates of limiting nutrients regulate phytoplankton productivity that contributes to inputs of autochthonous OM. The trophic status of an estuary is often based on eutrophication rates and can be categorized as oligotrophic (<100 g C m(-2) y(-1), mesotrophic (100-300 g C m(-2) y(-1), eutrophic (300-500 g C m(-2) y(-1), or hypertrophic (>500 g C m(-2) y(-1). Ecosystem responses to eutrophication depend on both export rates (flushing, microbially mediated losses through respiration, and denitrification) and recycling/regeneration rates within the estuary. The mitigation of the effects of eutrophication involves the regulation of inorganic nutrient (primarily N and P) inputs into receiving waters. Appropriately scaled and parameterized nutrient and hydrologic controls are the only realistic options for controlling phytoplankton blooms, algal toxicity, and other symptoms of eutrophication in estuarine ecosystems. (+info)State monitoring activities related to Pfiesteria-like organisms. (6/248)
In response to potential threats to human health and fish populations, six states along the east coast of the United States initiated monitoring programs related to Pfiesteria-like organisms in 1998. These actions were taken in the wake of toxic outbreaks of Pfiesteria piscicida Steidinger & Burkholder in Maryland during 1997 and previous outbreaks in North Carolina. The monitoring programs have two major purposes. The first, rapid response, is to ensure public safety by responding immediately to conditions that may indicate the presence of Pfiesteria or related organisms in a toxic state. The second, comprehensive assessment, is to provide a more complete understanding of where Pfiesteria-like organisms may become a threat, to understand what factors may stimulate their growth and toxicity, and to evaluate the impacts of these organisms upon fish and other aquatic life. In states where human health studies are being conducted, the data from both types of monitoring are used to provide information on environmental exposure. The three elements included in each monitoring program are identification of Pfiesteria-like organisms, water quality measurements, and assessments of fish health. Identification of Pfiesteria-like organisms is a particularly difficult element of the monitoring programs, as these small species cannot be definitively identified using light microscopy; newly applied molecular techniques, however, are starting to provide alternatives to traditional methods. State monitoring programs also offer many opportunities for collaborations with research initiatives targeting both environmental and human health issues related to Pfiesteria-like organisms. (+info)Field ecology of toxic Pfiesteria complex species and a conservative analysis of their role in estuarine fish kills. (7/248)
Within the past decade, toxic Pfiesteria outbreaks have been documented in poorly flushed, eutrophic areas of the largest and second largest estuaries on the U.S. mainland. Here we summarize a decadal field effort in fish kill assessment, encompassing kills related to Pfiesteria (49 major kills in North Carolina estuaries since 1991 and 4 in Maryland estuaries in 1997) and to other factors such as low oxygen stress (79 major fish kills in North Carolina estuaries). The laboratory and field data considered in developing our protocols are described, including toxic Pfiesteria behavior, environmental conditions conducive to toxic Pfiesteria activity, and impacts of toxic clonal Pfiesteria on fish health. We outline the steps of the standardized fish bioassay procedure that has been used since 1991 to diagnose whether actively toxic Pfiesteria was present during estuarine fish kills. Detailed data are given for a 1998 toxic Pfiesteria outbreak in the Neuse Estuary in North Carolina to illustrate of the full suite of diagnostic steps completed. We demonstrate that our conservative approach in implicating toxic Pfiesteria involvement in fish kills has biased in favor of causes other than Pfiesteria. Data are summarized from experiments that have shown stimulation of toxic Pfiesteria strains by nutrient (N, P) enrichment, supporting field observations of highest abundance of toxic strains in eutrophic estuaries. On the basis of a decade of research on toxic Pfiesteria, we present a conceptual model of the seasonal dynamics of toxic strains as affected by changing food resources and weather patterns. We also recommend protocols and research approaches that will strengthen the science of fish kill assessment related to Pfiesteria and/or other causative factors. (+info)History and timing of human impact on Lake Victoria, East Africa. (8/248)
Lake Victoria, the largest tropical lake in the world, suffers from severe eutrophication and the probable extinction of up to half of its 500+ species of endemic cichlid fishes. The continuing degradation of Lake Victoria's ecological functions has serious long-term consequences for the ecosystem services it provides, and may threaten social welfare in the countries bordering its shores. Evaluation of recent ecological changes in the context of aquatic food-web alterations, catchment disturbance and natural ecosystem variability has been hampered by the scarcity of historical monitoring data. Here, we present high-resolution palaeolimnological data, which show that increases in phytoplankton production developed from the 1930s onwards, which parallels human-population growth and agricultural activity in the Lake Victoria drainage basin. Dominance of bloom-forming cyanobacteria since the late 1980s coincided with a relative decline in diatom growth, which can be attributed to the seasonal depletion of dissolved silica resulting from 50 years of enhanced diatom growth and burial. Eutrophication-induced loss of deep-water oxygen started in the early 1960s, and may have contributed to the 1980s collapse of indigenous fish stocks by eliminating suitable habitat for certain deep-water cichlids. Conservation of Lake Victoria as a functioning ecosystem is contingent upon large-scale implementation of improved land-use practices. (+info)1. Rabies: A deadly viral disease that affects the central nervous system and is transmitted through the saliva of infected animals, usually through bites.
2. Distemper: A highly contagious viral disease that affects dogs, raccoons, and other carnivorous animals, causing symptoms such as seizures, vomiting, and diarrhea.
3. Parvo: A highly contagious viral disease that affects dogs and other animals, causing severe gastrointestinal symptoms and dehydration.
4. Heartworm: A parasitic infection caused by a worm that infects the heart and blood vessels of animals, particularly dogs and cats.
5. Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV): A viral disease that weakens the immune system of cats, making them more susceptible to other infections and diseases.
6. Avian influenza: A type of flu that affects birds, including chickens and other domesticated fowl, as well as wild birds.
7. Tuberculosis: A bacterial infection that can affect a wide range of animals, including cattle, pigs, and dogs.
8. Leptospirosis: A bacterial infection that can affect a wide range of animals, including dogs, cats, and wildlife, and can cause symptoms such as fever, kidney failure, and death.
9. Lyme disease: A bacterial infection transmitted through the bite of an infected tick, primarily affecting dogs and humans.
10. Fungal infections: Fungal infections can affect a wide range of animals, including dogs, cats, and livestock, and can cause symptoms such as skin lesions, respiratory problems, and death.
Animal diseases can have a significant impact on animal health and welfare, as well as human health and the economy. They can also be transmitted between animals and humans, making it important to monitor and control animal disease outbreaks to prevent their spread.
Vaccination is an effective way to prevent animal diseases in pets and livestock. Regular vaccinations can help protect against common diseases such as distemper, hepatitis, parvovirus, and rabies, among others. Vaccines can be administered orally, through injection, or through a nasal spray.
Preventative care is key in avoiding animal disease outbreaks. Some of the best ways to prevent animal diseases include:
1. Regular vaccinations: Keeping pets and livestock up to date on their vaccinations can help protect against common diseases.
2. Proper sanitation and hygiene: Keeping living areas clean and free of waste can help prevent the spread of disease-causing bacteria and viruses.
3. Avoiding contact with wild animals: Wild animals can carry a wide range of diseases that can be transmitted to domesticated animals, so it's best to avoid contact with them whenever possible.
4. Proper nutrition: Providing pets and livestock with a balanced diet can help keep their immune systems strong and better able to fight off disease.
5. Monitoring for signs of illness: Regularly monitoring pets and livestock for signs of illness, such as fever, vomiting, or diarrhea, can help identify and treat diseases early on.
6. Quarantine and isolation: Isolating animals that are showing signs of illness can help prevent the spread of disease to other animals and humans.
7. Proper disposal of animal waste: Properly disposing of animal waste can help prevent the spread of disease-causing bacteria and viruses.
8. Avoiding overcrowding: Overcrowding can contribute to the spread of disease, so it's important to provide adequate living space for pets and livestock.
9. Regular veterinary care: Regular check-ups with a veterinarian can help identify and treat diseases early on, and also provide guidance on how to prevent animal diseases.
10. Emergency preparedness: Having an emergency plan in place for natural disasters or other unexpected events can help protect pets and livestock from disease outbreaks.
Eutrophication
Environmental impact of cleaning products
Chesapeake Research Consortium
Stephen R. Carpenter
Common bottlenose dolphin
List of environmental issues
EuroChem
Salton Sea
Silage
Urbanization
Seagrass
Duhernal Lake
Harmful algal bloom
Beeliar, Western Australia
Fertilizer
Nutrient cycling in the Columbia River Basin
Phycosphere
Reuse of human excreta
Patricia Glibert
Jocelyn Dela-Cruz
Environment of Pakistan
Environment of Karachi
Lake James (Indiana)
Geography of Peru
Benthic-pelagic coupling
Macroscope (science concept)
Sustainable energy
Nutrient pollution
Groundwater pollution
Slade Reservoir
Eutrophication Forum Meeting
Nutrients and Eutrophication in Danish Marine Waters - Assessment
eutrophication arkistot - Baltic Sea Action Group
Third assessment of the eutrophication status of German coastal and marine waters 2006 - 2014 in the North Sea according to the...
eutrophication Archives - Planet Forward
Human Effects on the Baltic Sea Ecosystem: Fishing and Eutrophication | Bookstore | Alaska Sea Grant
Cultural Eutrophication Mediates Context-Dependent Eco-Evolutionary Feedbacks of a Fish Invader | Ichthyology & Herpetology
Eutrophication in Europeu0092s coastal waters - EconBiz
Eutrophication Of Golden Pond
Eutrophication - Project Baseline
Modeling eutrophication risks in tanes reservoir by using a hybrid woa optimized svr-relied technique along with feature...
Number of simultaneously acting global change factors affects composition, diversity and productivity of grassland plant...
Nutrients and Eutrophication
Eutrophication | EA Grey Literature
What Is Eutrophication - HowForKids
Will nutrient and light limitation prevent eutrophication in an anthropogenically-impacted coastal lagoon?
What Is Cultural Eutrophication? | Greentumble
Water Pollution In Ireland: Eutrophication - ECOS
Increasing eutrophication in the coastal seas of China from 1970 to 2050<...
Hobølelva River: erosion, landslide & eutrophication | Natural Water Retention Measures
Water Pollution | ICPDR - International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River
Subjects: Eutrophication - Digital Collections - National Library of Medicine Search Results
Results of search for 'su:{Eutrophication.}'
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WHO HQ Library catalog
Evaluation of the water quality and the eutrophication risk in Ramsar site on Moroccan northern Mediterranean (Marchica lagoon)...
Details for:
Control of eutrophication in inland waters /
› University of Hertfordshire catalog
Resources | World Resources Institute
Free life Vector File | FreeImages
Storm Events Causes Spike in Methane Emissions
News
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Europska agencija za okoliš
Cultural eutrophication3
- The specific context-dependent effects we observed suggest that remodeling of environmental context within eco-evolutionary dynamics might facilitate alternate stable state transitions initiated by cultural eutrophication. (allenpress.com)
- What Is Cultural Eutrophication? (greentumble.com)
- Although, eutrophication happens naturally in water bodies, changes in land use and pollution due to human activity contribute to much faster rate of eutrophication, also known as "cultural eutrophication" . (greentumble.com)
Nutrient pollution1
- Eutrophication and Hypoxia: Nutrient Pollution in Coastal Waters. (projectbaseline.org)
Algae blooms2
- How does eutrophication cause harmful algae blooms? (projectbaseline.org)
- Eutrophication - severe algae blooms around 2004-2007. (nwrm.eu)
Phosphorus2
- Dead zones occur because of a process called eutrophication, which happens when a body of water gets too many nutrients, such as phosphorus and nitrogen. (projectbaseline.org)
- In most cases, the primary cause of eutrophication is phosphorus, with nitrates as the secondary cause. (ecos.ie)
Pollution1
- Plant communities experience impacts of increasing numbers of global change factors (e.g., warming, eutrophication, pollution). (nature.com)
Ecosystem1
- Eutrophication is the increase in chemical nutrients in an ecosystem which results in excessive plant growth and decay. (ecos.ie)
20171
- DOMINGUES RB, CC Guerra, AB Barbosa, HM Galvão (2017) Will nutrient and light limitation prevent eutrophication in an anthropogenically-impacted coastal lagoon? (ualg.pt)
Blooms2
- Excessive amounts, however, lead to a process called eutrophication, which stimulates an explosive growth of algae (algal blooms) that depletes the water of oxygen when the algae die and are eaten by bacteria. (projectbaseline.org)
- Lake Erie is just one example of the harmful effects of algal blooms that occur because of eutrophication. (greentumble.com)
Coastal waters2
- The main objectives of this report are to evaluate the causes, state and development of eutrophication in European coastal waters and identify areas where more monitoring data are needed to improve the assessment. (econbiz.de)
- In Ireland many of our rivers, lakes and coastal waters are significantly affected by eutrophication. (ecos.ie)
Biomass2
- Coastal nutrient eutrophication is often considered to be primarily responsible for the increased number of high-biomass HAB occurrences in marine, brackish and freshwater habitats (Heisler et al. (globalhab.info)
- 2. Eutrophication and Warming Boost Cyanobacterial Biomass and Microcystins. (nih.gov)
Algal1
- One of the negative impacts of eutrophication and increased algal growth is a loss of available oxygen, known as anoxia. (projectbaseline.org)
Enrichment2
Lakes2
- Systematically recording consequences of eutrophication at reefs, springs, lakes, and rivers across the world - Project Baseline Database . (projectbaseline.org)
- Eutrophication is devastating to animals and plants living in affected water bodies (lakes, rivers, springs, estuaries, even coral reefs), and often devastating to the economies of the surrounding communities as well. (projectbaseline.org)
Limitation1
- Will nutrient and light limitation prevent eutrophication in an anthropogenically-impacted coastal lagoon? (ualg.pt)
Assessment2
- The project conducted the third application of the OSPAR Common Procedue for the assessment of the eutrophication status of the German coastal and marine waters of the North Sea, based on data from 2009-2014. (umweltbundesamt.de)
- As a result of the eutrophication assessment, 6 % of Germany's national waters were assessed as not suffering from eutrophication, 39 % were eutrophic and 55% could not be assessed due to a lack of data. (umweltbundesamt.de)
Search1
- Results of search for 'su:{Eutrophication. (who.int)
Lagoon3
- Evaluation of the water quality and the eutrophication risk in Ramsar site on Moroccan northern Mediterranean (Marchica lagoon): A multivariate statistical approach. (bvsalud.org)
- This study aimed to assess the extent of eutrophication in the Marchica lagoon , using the trophic index (TRIX), trophic status index (TSI) and Redfield ratio (N/P). Seawater samples were collected monthly from March 2018 to February 2019 from ten locations in the lagoon . (bvsalud.org)
- Given these findings, urgent conservation and management measures are recommended to address the eutrophication issues threatening the delicate balance of the Marchica lagoon . (bvsalud.org)
Body of wa1
- Eutrophication is a naturally occurring process which depletes the oxygen levels in a body of water. (greentumble.com)
Process2
- Eutrophication is a natural, slow-aging process for a water body, but human activity greatly speeds up the process. (freshwaterlife.org)
- Natural eutrophication is a gradual process that takes place over a long period of time - even centuries. (greentumble.com)
Light1
- Eutrophication reduces the clarity of water and underwater light. (projectbaseline.org)
Oxygen3
- As a result, eutrophication can quickly remove much of the oxygen from the water, leading to an anoxic - and lethal - underwater environment. (projectbaseline.org)
- If eutrophication gets to the critical point of mass dying in the water, the microbes responsible for breaking down the dead bodies need oxygen to do their work, thus contributing further to oxygen depletion . (greentumble.com)
- Certain fish such as salmon and trout need high levels of dissolved oxygen to survive and so a substantial number of fish kills are caused by eutrophication. (ecos.ie)
Fish1
- How does eutrophication cause fish kills? (projectbaseline.org)
Human activity1
- However, human activity has raised eutrophication in coastal regions, and this has made bigger areas of anoxic waters on the seafloor. (azocleantech.com)
Marine2
- Eutrophication is the enhanced primary production of marine algae due to excessive supply of nutrients from human activities, independent of the natural productivity level of the sea area in question. (econbiz.de)
- Investigate the link of eutrophication-induced HABs and deoxygenation processes in marine coastal and oceanic ecosystems, and the potential future trends related to the climate change as well. (globalhab.info)
Effects1
- Eutrophication has become a very important problem particularly in heavily populated parts of North America and Europe and it has a range of devastating effects. (greentumble.com)
Cases1
- Despite the knowledge we have gained throughout the years, more cases of eutrophication are documented every year. (greentumble.com)
Data2
- Operational monitoring of eutrophication including the SmartBuoy network and other autonomous data sources' by Dr David Mills, CEFAS. (fwr.org)
- This described the SmartBuoy network and provided results together with a view on how other autonomous data sources (e.g. satellites and ferrybox) can be integrated to improve assessments of eutrophication. (fwr.org)
Conditions1
- Eutrophication can also make environmental conditions more favorable to invasive species due to the change in the nutrient balance of the water body. (greentumble.com)