Eutrophication
Baltic States
Water Pollution, Chemical
Phytoplankton
Drainage, Sanitary
Lakes
Oceans and Seas
Ecosystem
Phosphorus
Harmful Algal Bloom
Water Quality
Nitrogen
Seaweed
Fertilizers
Climatic Processes
Zosteraceae
Biomass
Environmental Monitoring
Biodiversity
Water Movements
Geologic Sediments
Nitrosomonadaceae
Environment
Water Pollutants, Chemical
Anthozoa
Animal Diseases
Rivers
Eukaryota
Water Microbiology
Food Chain
Agriculture
Conservation of Natural Resources
Soil
Population Dynamics
Climate Change
Water Supply
Ecology
Water
Dynamics of bacterial community composition and activity during a mesocosm diatom bloom. (1/248)
Bacterial community composition, enzymatic activities, and carbon dynamics were examined during diatom blooms in four 200-liter laboratory seawater mesocosms. The objective was to determine whether the dramatic shifts in growth rates and ectoenzyme activities, which are commonly observed during the course of phytoplankton blooms and their subsequent demise, could result from shifts in bacterial community composition. Nutrient enrichment of metazoan-free seawater resulted in diatom blooms dominated by a Thalassiosira sp., which peaked 9 days after enrichment ( approximately 24 microg of chlorophyll a liter(-1)). At this time bacterial abundance abruptly decreased from 2.8 x 10(6) to 0.75 x 10(6) ml(-1), and an analysis of bacterial community composition, by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene fragments, revealed the disappearance of three dominant phylotypes. Increased viral and flagellate abundances suggested that both lysis and grazing could have played a role in the observed phylotype-specific mortality. Subsequently, new phylotypes appeared and bacterial production, abundance, and enzyme activities shifted from being predominantly associated with the <1.0-microm size fraction towards the >1.0-microm size fraction, indicating a pronounced microbial colonization of particles. Sequencing of DGGE bands suggested that the observed rapid and extensive colonization of particulate matter was mainly by specialized alpha-Proteobacteria- and Cytophagales-related phylotypes. These particle-associated bacteria had high growth rates as well as high cell-specific aminopeptidase, beta-glucosidase, and lipase activities. Rate measurements as well as bacterial population dynamics were almost identical among the mesocosms indicating that the observed bacterial community dynamics were systematic and repeatable responses to the manipulated conditions. (+info)Forecasting agriculturally driven global environmental change. (2/248)
During the next 50 years, which is likely to be the final period of rapid agricultural expansion, demand for food by a wealthier and 50% larger global population will be a major driver of global environmental change. Should past dependences of the global environmental impacts of agriculture on human population and consumption continue, 10(9) hectares of natural ecosystems would be converted to agriculture by 2050. This would be accompanied by 2.4- to 2.7-fold increases in nitrogen- and phosphorus-driven eutrophication of terrestrial, freshwater, and near-shore marine ecosystems, and comparable increases in pesticide use. This eutrophication and habitat destruction would cause unprecedented ecosystem simplification, loss of ecosystem services, and species extinctions. Significant scientific advances and regulatory, technological, and policy changes are needed to control the environmental impacts of agricultural expansion. (+info)Possible estuary-associated syndrome: symptoms, vision, and treatment. (3/248)
The human illness designated as possible estuarine-associated syndrome (PEAS) by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has been associated with exposure to estuaries inhabited by toxin-forming dinoflagellates, including members of the fish-killing toxic Pfiesteria complex (TPC), Pfiesteria piscicida and Pfiesteria shumwayae. Humans may be exposed through direct contact with estuarine water or by inhalation of aerosolized or volatilized toxin(s). The five cases reported here demonstrate the full spectrum of symptoms experienced during acute and chronic stages of this suspected neurotoxin-mediated illness. The nonspecific symptoms most commonly reported are cough, secretory diarrhea, headache, fatigue, memory impairment, rash, difficulty in concentrating, light sensitivity, burning skin upon water contact, muscle ache, and abdominal pain. Less frequently encountered symptoms are upper airway obstruction, shortness of breath, confusion, red or tearing eyes, weakness, and vertigo. Some patients experience as few as four of these symptoms. The discovery that an indicator of visual pattern-detection ability, visual contrast sensitivity (VCS), is sharply reduced in affected individuals has provided an objective indicator that is useful in diagnosing and monitoring PEAS. VCS deficits are present in both acute and chronic PEAS, and VCS recovers during cholestyramine treatment coincident with symptom abatement. Although PEAS cannot yet be definitively associated with TPC exposure, resolution with cholestyramine treatment suggests a neurotoxin-mediated illness. (+info)Pfiesteria-related educational products and information resources available to the public, health officials, and researchers. (4/248)
Public and political concerns about Pfiesteria from 1997 to the present vastly exceed the attention given to other harmful algal bloom (HAB) issues in the United States. To some extent, the intense focus on Pfiesteria has served to increase attention on HABs in general. Given the strong and continuing public, political, and research interests in Pfiesteria piscicida Steidinger & Burkholder and related organisms, there is a clear need for information and resources of many different types. This article provides information on Pfiesteria-related educational products and information resources available to the general public, health officials, and researchers. These resources are compiled into five categories: reports; website resources; state outreach and communication programs; fact sheets; and training manuals and documentaries. Over the last few years there has been rapid expansion in the amount of Pfiesteria-related information available, particularly on the Internet, and it is scattered among many different sources. (+info)The role of nutrient loading and eutrophication in estuarine ecology. (5/248)
Eutrophication is a process that can be defined as an increase in the rate of supply of organic matter (OM) to an ecosystem. We provide a general overview of the major features driving estuarine eutrophication and outline some of the consequences of that process. The main chemical constituent of OM is carbon (C), and therefore rates of eutrophication are expressed in units of C per area per unit time. OM occurs in both particulate and dissolved forms. Allochthonous OM originates outside the estuary, whereas autochthonous OM is generated within the system, mostly by primary producers or by benthic regeneration of OM. The supply rates of limiting nutrients regulate phytoplankton productivity that contributes to inputs of autochthonous OM. The trophic status of an estuary is often based on eutrophication rates and can be categorized as oligotrophic (<100 g C m(-2) y(-1), mesotrophic (100-300 g C m(-2) y(-1), eutrophic (300-500 g C m(-2) y(-1), or hypertrophic (>500 g C m(-2) y(-1). Ecosystem responses to eutrophication depend on both export rates (flushing, microbially mediated losses through respiration, and denitrification) and recycling/regeneration rates within the estuary. The mitigation of the effects of eutrophication involves the regulation of inorganic nutrient (primarily N and P) inputs into receiving waters. Appropriately scaled and parameterized nutrient and hydrologic controls are the only realistic options for controlling phytoplankton blooms, algal toxicity, and other symptoms of eutrophication in estuarine ecosystems. (+info)State monitoring activities related to Pfiesteria-like organisms. (6/248)
In response to potential threats to human health and fish populations, six states along the east coast of the United States initiated monitoring programs related to Pfiesteria-like organisms in 1998. These actions were taken in the wake of toxic outbreaks of Pfiesteria piscicida Steidinger & Burkholder in Maryland during 1997 and previous outbreaks in North Carolina. The monitoring programs have two major purposes. The first, rapid response, is to ensure public safety by responding immediately to conditions that may indicate the presence of Pfiesteria or related organisms in a toxic state. The second, comprehensive assessment, is to provide a more complete understanding of where Pfiesteria-like organisms may become a threat, to understand what factors may stimulate their growth and toxicity, and to evaluate the impacts of these organisms upon fish and other aquatic life. In states where human health studies are being conducted, the data from both types of monitoring are used to provide information on environmental exposure. The three elements included in each monitoring program are identification of Pfiesteria-like organisms, water quality measurements, and assessments of fish health. Identification of Pfiesteria-like organisms is a particularly difficult element of the monitoring programs, as these small species cannot be definitively identified using light microscopy; newly applied molecular techniques, however, are starting to provide alternatives to traditional methods. State monitoring programs also offer many opportunities for collaborations with research initiatives targeting both environmental and human health issues related to Pfiesteria-like organisms. (+info)Field ecology of toxic Pfiesteria complex species and a conservative analysis of their role in estuarine fish kills. (7/248)
Within the past decade, toxic Pfiesteria outbreaks have been documented in poorly flushed, eutrophic areas of the largest and second largest estuaries on the U.S. mainland. Here we summarize a decadal field effort in fish kill assessment, encompassing kills related to Pfiesteria (49 major kills in North Carolina estuaries since 1991 and 4 in Maryland estuaries in 1997) and to other factors such as low oxygen stress (79 major fish kills in North Carolina estuaries). The laboratory and field data considered in developing our protocols are described, including toxic Pfiesteria behavior, environmental conditions conducive to toxic Pfiesteria activity, and impacts of toxic clonal Pfiesteria on fish health. We outline the steps of the standardized fish bioassay procedure that has been used since 1991 to diagnose whether actively toxic Pfiesteria was present during estuarine fish kills. Detailed data are given for a 1998 toxic Pfiesteria outbreak in the Neuse Estuary in North Carolina to illustrate of the full suite of diagnostic steps completed. We demonstrate that our conservative approach in implicating toxic Pfiesteria involvement in fish kills has biased in favor of causes other than Pfiesteria. Data are summarized from experiments that have shown stimulation of toxic Pfiesteria strains by nutrient (N, P) enrichment, supporting field observations of highest abundance of toxic strains in eutrophic estuaries. On the basis of a decade of research on toxic Pfiesteria, we present a conceptual model of the seasonal dynamics of toxic strains as affected by changing food resources and weather patterns. We also recommend protocols and research approaches that will strengthen the science of fish kill assessment related to Pfiesteria and/or other causative factors. (+info)History and timing of human impact on Lake Victoria, East Africa. (8/248)
Lake Victoria, the largest tropical lake in the world, suffers from severe eutrophication and the probable extinction of up to half of its 500+ species of endemic cichlid fishes. The continuing degradation of Lake Victoria's ecological functions has serious long-term consequences for the ecosystem services it provides, and may threaten social welfare in the countries bordering its shores. Evaluation of recent ecological changes in the context of aquatic food-web alterations, catchment disturbance and natural ecosystem variability has been hampered by the scarcity of historical monitoring data. Here, we present high-resolution palaeolimnological data, which show that increases in phytoplankton production developed from the 1930s onwards, which parallels human-population growth and agricultural activity in the Lake Victoria drainage basin. Dominance of bloom-forming cyanobacteria since the late 1980s coincided with a relative decline in diatom growth, which can be attributed to the seasonal depletion of dissolved silica resulting from 50 years of enhanced diatom growth and burial. Eutrophication-induced loss of deep-water oxygen started in the early 1960s, and may have contributed to the 1980s collapse of indigenous fish stocks by eliminating suitable habitat for certain deep-water cichlids. Conservation of Lake Victoria as a functioning ecosystem is contingent upon large-scale implementation of improved land-use practices. (+info)Eutrophication is the process of excessive nutrient enrichment in bodies of water, which can lead to a rapid growth of aquatic plants and algae. This overgrowth can result in decreased levels of oxygen in the water, harming or even killing fish and other aquatic life. The primary cause of eutrophication is the addition of nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, from human activities such as agricultural runoff, sewage and wastewater discharge, and air pollution.
In advanced stages, eutrophication can lead to a shift in the dominant species in the aquatic ecosystem, favoring those that are better adapted to the high-nutrient conditions. This can result in a loss of biodiversity and changes in water quality, making it difficult for many organisms to survive.
Eutrophication is a significant global environmental problem, affecting both freshwater and marine ecosystems. It can lead to harmful algal blooms (HABs), which can produce toxins that are dangerous to humans and animals. In addition, eutrophication can impact water use for drinking, irrigation, recreation, and industry, making it a critical issue for public health and economic development.
The Baltic States, also known as the Baltic countries, refer to a geopolitical region in Northern Europe that comprises three sovereign states: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. These nations are located along the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea, hence their name. The term "Baltic States" became widely used during the 20th century to refer to these countries, which share historical, cultural, and linguistic ties.
It is important to note that the Baltic States should not be confused with the geographical region known as the Baltic region or Balticum, which includes parts of Russia, Poland, Belarus, Finland, Sweden, and Denmark, in addition to the three Baltic States.
The medical relevance of the Baltic States may include:
1. Sharing similar public health issues and challenges due to geographical proximity and historical context.
2. Collaboration in medical research, education, and healthcare policies.
3. Participation in international health organizations and agreements.
4. Exposure to common environmental factors that might impact public health, such as pollution in the Baltic Sea.
Chemical water pollution is the contamination of water bodies (such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater) with harmful chemicals or substances that negatively impact water quality and pose a threat to human health, aquatic life, and the environment. These chemical pollutants can come from various sources, including industrial and agricultural activities, waste disposal, oil spills, and chemical accidents. Examples of chemical pollutants include heavy metals (such as mercury, lead, and cadmium), pesticides, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and other hazardous substances. These chemicals can have toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, or teratogenic effects on living organisms and can disrupt ecosystems, leading to decreased biodiversity and impaired ecological functions.
Phytoplankton are microscopic photosynthetic organisms that live in watery environments such as oceans, seas, lakes, and rivers. They are a diverse group of organisms, including bacteria, algae, and protozoa. Phytoplankton are a critical component of the marine food chain, serving as primary producers that convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and nutrients into organic matter through photosynthesis. This organic matter forms the base of the food chain and supports the growth and survival of many larger organisms, including zooplankton, fish, and other marine animals. Phytoplankton also play an important role in global carbon cycling and help to regulate Earth's climate by absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and releasing oxygen.
Sanitary drainage is a type of plumbing system that is designed to safely remove liquid and solid waste materials from a building or site. It is called "sanitary" because its primary purpose is to maintain public health by effectively disposing of human excreta, kitchen and bathing wastewater, and other types of dirty water that may contain pathogens or pollutants.
Sanitary drainage systems typically consist of a network of pipes, traps, vents, and fixtures that are designed to convey waste materials from their source (such as toilets, sinks, showers, and washing machines) to a sewer system or a septic tank. The pipes used in sanitary drainage systems are usually made of materials such as cast iron, PVC, or ABS, which are resistant to corrosion and can withstand the high temperatures and pressures that may be encountered in the system.
Traps are important components of sanitary drainage systems because they prevent sewer gases from entering buildings through the plumbing fixtures. Traps are designed to hold a small amount of water after each use, which creates a seal that blocks the flow of gases back into the building. Vents are also essential for maintaining proper air pressure in the system and allowing waste materials to flow freely through the pipes.
Sanitary drainage systems must be properly designed, installed, and maintained to ensure their safe and efficient operation. Regular inspections, cleaning, and repairs are necessary to prevent blockages, leaks, and other problems that could lead to health hazards or property damage.
I'm happy to help, but it seems there might be some confusion in your question. "Lakes" is not a medical term that has a specific definition in the context of medicine or healthcare. It is a geographical term used to describe large bodies of water surrounded by land. If you have any questions related to health, medicine, or healthcare, I would be happy to try and help answer those for you!
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Fresh Water" is not a medical term. It is a term used to describe water that contains low concentrations of dissolved salts and other dissolved minerals. It is distinguished from saline water, which includes saltwater found in the ocean and brackish water found in estuaries. Fresh water is essential for many biological processes and is the primary source of water for human consumption, agriculture, and industrial use.
Zooplankton are not a medical term, but they are an important concept in biology and ecology. Zooplankton refer to small, drifting or floating animals that live in watery environments such as oceans, seas, and freshwater bodies. They include various organisms like tiny crustaceans (such as copepods and krill), jellyfish, arrow worms, and larvae of larger aquatic animals. Zooplankton play a crucial role in food chains and nutrient cycling within aquatic ecosystems.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Oceans and Seas" are not medical terms. Generally speaking, an ocean is a large body of saltwater that covers a majority of the Earth's surface, and a sea is a smaller body of saltwater that may be partially enclosed by land. However, if you have any questions related to marine biology or environmental science, I would be happy to try and help answer those for you!
An "ecosystem" is not a term that has a specific medical definition, as it is a concept that is more commonly used in the fields of ecology and environmental science. However, I can provide you with the general ecological definition of an ecosystem:
An ecosystem is a community of living organisms interacting with each other and their non-living environment, including both biotic factors (plants, animals, microorganisms) and abiotic factors (climate, soil, water, and air). These interactions create a complex network of relationships that form the foundation of ecological processes, such as energy flow, nutrient cycling, and population dynamics.
While there is no direct medical definition for an ecosystem, understanding the principles of ecosystems can have important implications for human health. For example, healthy ecosystems can provide clean air and water, regulate climate, support food production, and offer opportunities for recreation and relaxation, all of which contribute to overall well-being. Conversely, degraded ecosystems can lead to increased exposure to environmental hazards, reduced access to natural resources, and heightened risks of infectious diseases. Therefore, maintaining the health and integrity of ecosystems is crucial for promoting human health and preventing disease.
Phosphorus is an essential mineral that is required by every cell in the body for normal functioning. It is a key component of several important biomolecules, including adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is the primary source of energy for cells, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), which are the genetic materials in cells.
Phosphorus is also a major constituent of bones and teeth, where it combines with calcium to provide strength and structure. In addition, phosphorus plays a critical role in various metabolic processes, including energy production, nerve impulse transmission, and pH regulation.
The medical definition of phosphorus refers to the chemical element with the atomic number 15 and the symbol P. It is a highly reactive non-metal that exists in several forms, including white phosphorus, red phosphorus, and black phosphorus. In the body, phosphorus is primarily found in the form of organic compounds, such as phospholipids, phosphoproteins, and nucleic acids.
Abnormal levels of phosphorus in the body can lead to various health problems. For example, high levels of phosphorus (hyperphosphatemia) can occur in patients with kidney disease or those who consume large amounts of phosphorus-rich foods, and can contribute to the development of calcification of soft tissues and cardiovascular disease. On the other hand, low levels of phosphorus (hypophosphatemia) can occur in patients with malnutrition, vitamin D deficiency, or alcoholism, and can lead to muscle weakness, bone pain, and an increased risk of infection.
A Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) is a rapid growth or accumulation of toxic or harmful algae in aquatic environments, which can cause harm to humans, animals, and the environment. These algae produce toxins that can contaminate water supplies, shellfish, and other seafood, leading to illness or even death if ingested. HABs can also result in oxygen depletion in the water, creating "dead zones" where fish and other marine life cannot survive. They are often caused by nutrient pollution from agricultural runoff, sewage, and other human activities that increase the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water.
Water pollution is defined medically as the contamination of water sources by harmful or sufficient amounts of foreign substances (pathogens, chemicals, toxic compounds, etc.) which tend to interfere with its normal functioning and can have negative effects on human health. Such pollutants can find their way into water bodies through various means including industrial waste disposal, agricultural runoff, oil spills, sewage and wastewater discharges, and accidental chemical releases, among others.
Exposure to polluted water can lead to a range of health issues, from minor problems like skin irritation or stomach upset, to severe conditions such as neurological disorders, reproductive issues, cancer, and even death in extreme cases. It also poses significant risks to aquatic life, disrupting ecosystems and leading to the decline or extinction of various species. Therefore, maintaining clean and safe water supplies is critical for both human health and environmental preservation.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Human Activities" is a very broad term and not something that typically has a specific medical definition. Human activities can encompass everything from physical movement like exercise or daily chores, to mental activities like work or hobbies, to social interactions, and more.
However, in a medical context, human activities might be discussed in terms of their impact on health. For example, certain activities could be considered "healthy" if they contribute to physical fitness, stress reduction, or overall well-being. Conversely, other activities might be seen as "risky" or "unhealthy" if they increase the likelihood of injury or disease.
If you're looking for information on a more specific concept related to human activities and health, please provide more details so I can give a more accurate response.
Water quality, in the context of public health and environmental medicine, refers to the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of water that determine its suitability for various uses, such as drinking, recreation, or industrial processes. The term encompasses a wide range of parameters, including but not limited to:
1. Microbial contaminants: Presence of pathogenic bacteria, viruses, parasites, and other microorganisms that can cause waterborne diseases.
2. Chemical contaminants: Including heavy metals (e.g., lead, mercury), pesticides, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), disinfection byproducts, and other potentially harmful substances.
3. Physical parameters: Such as temperature, turbidity (cloudiness), color, taste, and odor, which can affect the water's acceptability for different uses.
4. Radiological contaminants: Exposure to ionizing radiation from radioactive elements present in water sources.
Regulatory agencies establish guidelines and standards for water quality to protect public health and minimize potential adverse effects associated with exposure to contaminated water. Regular monitoring, treatment, and management of water sources are essential to ensure safe and reliable water supplies.
Nitrogen is not typically referred to as a medical term, but it is an element that is crucial to medicine and human life.
In a medical context, nitrogen is often mentioned in relation to gas analysis, respiratory therapy, or medical gases. Nitrogen (N) is a colorless, odorless, and nonreactive gas that makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. It is an essential element for various biological processes, such as the growth and maintenance of organisms, because it is a key component of amino acids, nucleic acids, and other organic compounds.
In some medical applications, nitrogen is used to displace oxygen in a mixture to create a controlled environment with reduced oxygen levels (hypoxic conditions) for therapeutic purposes, such as in certain types of hyperbaric chambers. Additionally, nitrogen gas is sometimes used in cryotherapy, where extremely low temperatures are applied to tissues to reduce pain, swelling, and inflammation.
However, it's important to note that breathing pure nitrogen can be dangerous, as it can lead to unconsciousness and even death due to lack of oxygen (asphyxiation) within minutes.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but seaweed is not typically referred to in medical definitions. Seaweed is a common name for various marine macroalgae, which are multicellular aquatic plants found in the ocean. They are often consumed as food and have been used in traditional medicine in some cultures. However, there is no widely accepted medical definition for seaweed. If you're looking for information about a specific compound or substance derived from seaweed that might be relevant to medical definitions, I would be happy to help if you could provide more details.
Fertilizers are substances that are added to soil to provide nutrients necessary for plant growth and development. They typically contain macronutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in forms that can be readily taken up by plants. These three nutrients are essential for photosynthesis, energy transfer, and the production of proteins, nucleic acids, and other vital plant compounds.
Fertilizers may also contain secondary nutrients like calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulfur (S) as well as micronutrients such as iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), boron (B), and molybdenum (Mo). These elements play crucial roles in various plant metabolic processes, including enzyme activation, chlorophyll synthesis, and hormone production.
Fertilizers can be organic or synthetic. Organic fertilizers include materials like compost, manure, bone meal, and blood meal, which release nutrients slowly over time as they decompose. Synthetic fertilizers, also known as inorganic or chemical fertilizers, are manufactured chemicals that contain precise amounts of specific nutrients. They can be quickly absorbed by plants but may pose environmental risks if not used properly.
Proper fertilization is essential for optimal plant growth and crop yield. However, overuse or improper application of fertilizers can lead to nutrient runoff, soil degradation, water pollution, and other negative environmental impacts. Therefore, it's crucial to follow recommended fertilizer application rates and practices based on the specific needs of the plants and local regulations.
Climatic processes refer to the natural phenomena and mechanisms that influence and shape the Earth's climate system. These processes include atmospheric circulation, ocean currents, solar radiation, volcanic eruptions, and human activities. They operate over various spatial and temporal scales and interact with each other in complex ways to determine the distribution and variability of weather patterns, temperature, precipitation, humidity, and other climate variables.
Climatic processes can be divided into two categories: internal and external. Internal climatic processes are driven by natural factors within the climate system itself, such as the movement of air masses, ocean currents, and atmospheric feedback mechanisms. External climatic processes are influenced by factors outside the climate system, such as changes in solar radiation, volcanic eruptions, and human activities that emit greenhouse gases.
Understanding climatic processes is essential for predicting future climate change and developing strategies to mitigate its impacts on ecosystems, human health, and socioeconomic systems. Climate models use mathematical representations of these processes to simulate the behavior of the climate system and project future changes under different scenarios of greenhouse gas emissions and other external factors.
I apologize for any confusion, but "Zosteraceae" is not a medical term. It is actually the name of a family of flowering plants, also known as seagrasses, which includes several genera such as *Zostera* and *Heterozostera*. These plants are typically found in marine or brackish water environments and have adapted to living underwater with specialized structures for gas exchange and nutrient uptake.
If you have any medical terms that you would like me to define, please let me know!
Biomass is defined in the medical field as a renewable energy source derived from organic materials, primarily plant matter, that can be burned or converted into fuel. This includes materials such as wood, agricultural waste, and even methane gas produced by landfills. Biomass is often used as a source of heat, electricity, or transportation fuels, and its use can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels.
In the context of human health, biomass burning can have both positive and negative impacts. On one hand, biomass can provide a source of heat and energy for cooking and heating, which can improve living standards and reduce exposure to harmful pollutants from traditional cooking methods such as open fires. On the other hand, biomass burning can also produce air pollution, including particulate matter and toxic chemicals, that can have negative effects on respiratory health and contribute to climate change.
Therefore, while biomass has the potential to be a sustainable and low-carbon source of energy, it is important to consider the potential health and environmental impacts of its use and implement appropriate measures to minimize any negative effects.
Environmental monitoring is the systematic and ongoing surveillance, measurement, and assessment of environmental parameters, pollutants, or other stressors in order to evaluate potential impacts on human health, ecological systems, or compliance with regulatory standards. This process typically involves collecting and analyzing data from various sources, such as air, water, soil, and biota, and using this information to inform decisions related to public health, environmental protection, and resource management.
In medical terms, environmental monitoring may refer specifically to the assessment of environmental factors that can impact human health, such as air quality, water contamination, or exposure to hazardous substances. This type of monitoring is often conducted in occupational settings, where workers may be exposed to potential health hazards, as well as in community-based settings, where environmental factors may contribute to public health issues. The goal of environmental monitoring in a medical context is to identify and mitigate potential health risks associated with environmental exposures, and to promote healthy and safe environments for individuals and communities.
Biodiversity is the variety of different species of plants, animals, and microorganisms that live in an ecosystem. It also includes the variety of genes within a species and the variety of ecosystems (such as forests, grasslands, deserts, and oceans) that exist in a region or on Earth as a whole. Biodiversity is important for maintaining the health and balance of ecosystems, providing resources and services such as food, clean water, and pollination, and contributing to the discovery of new medicines and other useful products. The loss of biodiversity can have negative impacts on the functioning of ecosystems and the services they provide, and can threaten the survival of species and the livelihoods of people who depend on them.
I'm not aware of a medical definition for the term "water movements." It is possible that it could be used in a specific context within a certain medical specialty or procedure. However, I can provide some general information about how the term "water" is used in a medical context.
In medicine, "water" often refers to the fluid component of the body, which includes all the fluids inside and outside of cells. The movement of water within the body is regulated by various physiological processes, such as osmosis and hydrostatic pressure. Disorders that affect the regulation of water balance can lead to dehydration or overhydration, which can have serious consequences for health.
If you could provide more context or clarify what you mean by "water movements," I may be able to give a more specific answer.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "geologic sediments" is not a term used in medical definitions. Geological sediments are deposits of material that accumulate over time, usually in layers, as a result of natural geological processes such as weathering, erosion, and deposition. These sediments can eventually become rock formations and provide important clues about the Earth's history, including information about past climates, environments, and life on Earth.
Nitrosomonadaceae is a family of bacteria that includes several genera of nitrifying bacteria, which are capable of oxidizing ammonia to nitrites as part of their metabolism. These bacteria play an essential role in the nitrogen cycle, particularly in soil and water environments. The process of oxidizing ammonia to nitrite is known as nitritation and is an important step in wastewater treatment and the natural removal of excess nitrogen compounds from the environment.
The family Nitrosomonadaceae belongs to the order Nitrosomonadales, class Betaproteobacteria, phylum Proteobacteria. Some notable genera within this family include Nitrosomonas, Nitrosospira, and Nitrosococcus. These bacteria are typically found in environments with high ammonia concentrations, such as wastewater treatment plants, soils, and aquatic systems.
In medical contexts, Nitrosomonadaceae bacteria may be relevant when studying nitrogen metabolism in the human body or potential impacts of environmental exposure to these microorganisms. However, they are not typically considered primary human pathogens and do not have a direct clinical relevance like other bacterial families with well-established disease associations.
The term "environment" in a medical context generally refers to the external conditions and surroundings that can have an impact on living organisms, including humans. This includes both physical factors such as air quality, water supply, soil composition, temperature, and radiation, as well as biological factors such as the presence of microorganisms, plants, and animals.
In public health and epidemiology, the term "environmental exposure" is often used to describe the contact between an individual and a potentially harmful environmental agent, such as air pollution or contaminated water. These exposures can have significant impacts on human health, contributing to a range of diseases and disorders, including respiratory illnesses, cancer, neurological disorders, and reproductive problems.
Efforts to protect and improve the environment are therefore critical for promoting human health and preventing disease. This includes measures to reduce pollution, conserve natural resources, promote sustainable development, and mitigate the impacts of climate change.
Chemical water pollutants refer to harmful chemicals or substances that contaminate bodies of water, making them unsafe for human use and harmful to aquatic life. These pollutants can come from various sources, including industrial and agricultural runoff, sewage and wastewater, oil spills, and improper disposal of hazardous materials.
Examples of chemical water pollutants include heavy metals (such as lead, mercury, and cadmium), pesticides and herbicides, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and petroleum products. These chemicals can have toxic effects on aquatic organisms, disrupt ecosystems, and pose risks to human health through exposure or consumption.
Regulations and standards are in place to monitor and limit the levels of chemical pollutants in water sources, with the aim of protecting public health and the environment.
Anthozoa is a major class of marine animals, which are exclusively aquatic and almost entirely restricted to shallow waters. They are classified within the phylum Cnidaria, which also includes corals, jellyfish, sea anemones, and hydroids. Anthozoans are characterized by their lack of medusa stage in their life cycle, as they exist solely as polyps.
This class is divided into two main subclasses: Hexacorallia (also known as Zoantharia) and Octocorallia (also known as Alcyonaria). The primary differences between these subclasses lie in the structure of their polyps and the composition of their skeletons.
1. Hexacorallia: These are commonly referred to as 'stony' or 'hard' corals, due to their calcium carbonate-based skeletons. They have a simple polyp structure with six-fold symmetry (hence the name Hexacorallia), featuring 6 tentacles around the mouth opening. Examples of Hexacorallia include reef-building corals, sea fans, and black corals.
2. Octocorallia: These are also called 'soft' corals or 'leather' corals because they lack a calcium carbonate skeleton. Instead, their supporting structures consist of proteins and other organic compounds. Octocorallia polyps exhibit eight-fold symmetry (hence the name Octocorallia), with eight tentacles around the mouth opening. Examples of Octocorallia include sea fans, sea whips, and blue corals.
Anthozoa species are primarily found in tropical and subtropical oceans, but some can be found in colder, deeper waters as well. They play a crucial role in marine ecosystems by providing habitats and shelter for various other marine organisms, particularly on coral reefs. Additionally, they contribute to the formation of limestone deposits through their calcium carbonate-based skeletons.
Seawater is not a medical term, but it is a type of water that covers more than 70% of the Earth's surface. Medically, seawater can be relevant in certain contexts, such as in discussions of marine biology, environmental health, or water safety. Seawater has a high salt content, with an average salinity of around 3.5%, which is much higher than that of freshwater. This makes it unsuitable for drinking or irrigation without desalination.
Exposure to seawater can also have medical implications, such as in cases of immersion injuries, marine envenomations, or waterborne illnesses. However, there is no single medical definition of seawater.
Animal diseases are health conditions that primarily affect animals, including but not limited to, livestock, poultry, wildlife, and pets. These diseases can be caused by various factors such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, genetic disorders, and environmental conditions. Some animal diseases can also pose a risk to human health, either directly or indirectly, through the consumption of contaminated food or water, contact with infected animals, or the spread of vectors like ticks and mosquitoes. Examples of animal diseases include rabies, avian influenza, foot-and-mouth disease, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), and heartworm disease. It is important to monitor, control, and prevent the spread of animal diseases to protect animal health, food security, and public health.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Rivers" is not a medical term or concept. It is a geographical term referring to large, flowing bodies of water that usually empty into a sea or an ocean. If you have any medical questions or terms you would like defined, I'd be happy to help!
Eukaryota is a domain that consists of organisms whose cells have a true nucleus and complex organelles. This domain includes animals, plants, fungi, and protists. The term "eukaryote" comes from the Greek words "eu," meaning true or good, and "karyon," meaning nut or kernel. In eukaryotic cells, the genetic material is housed within a membrane-bound nucleus, and the DNA is organized into chromosomes. This is in contrast to prokaryotic cells, which do not have a true nucleus and have their genetic material dispersed throughout the cytoplasm.
Eukaryotic cells are generally larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells. They have many different organelles, including mitochondria, chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus, that perform specific functions to support the cell's metabolism and survival. Eukaryotic cells also have a cytoskeleton made up of microtubules, actin filaments, and intermediate filaments, which provide structure and shape to the cell and allow for movement of organelles and other cellular components.
Eukaryotes are diverse and can be found in many different environments, ranging from single-celled organisms that live in water or soil to multicellular organisms that live on land or in aquatic habitats. Some eukaryotes are unicellular, meaning they consist of a single cell, while others are multicellular, meaning they consist of many cells that work together to form tissues and organs.
In summary, Eukaryota is a domain of organisms whose cells have a true nucleus and complex organelles. This domain includes animals, plants, fungi, and protists, and the eukaryotic cells are generally larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells.
Water microbiology is not a formal medical term, but rather a branch of microbiology that deals with the study of microorganisms found in water. It involves the identification, enumeration, and characterization of bacteria, viruses, parasites, and other microscopic organisms present in water sources such as lakes, rivers, oceans, groundwater, drinking water, and wastewater.
In a medical context, water microbiology is relevant to public health because it helps to assess the safety of water supplies for human consumption and recreational activities. It also plays a critical role in understanding and preventing waterborne diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms that can lead to illnesses such as diarrhea, skin infections, and respiratory problems.
Water microbiologists use various techniques to study water microorganisms, including culturing, microscopy, genetic analysis, and biochemical tests. They also investigate the ecology of these organisms, their interactions with other species, and their response to environmental factors such as temperature, pH, and nutrient availability.
Overall, water microbiology is a vital field that helps ensure the safety of our water resources and protects public health.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but the term "food chain" is not typically used in a medical context. It is a concept from ecology that describes the sequence of organisms through which food and energy pass as one organism eats another.
However, if you're referring to "food web" or "dietary intake," these terms might be more applicable in a medical context. For instance, dietary intake refers to what and how much a person consumes, which can have significant implications for their health. A food web, on the other hand, is a more complex network of relationships between different species that consume and are consumed by others, which can help researchers understand the impacts of changes in one species' population or behavior on others within an ecosystem.
If you meant to ask about something else, please provide more context or clarify your question, and I will do my best to provide a helpful answer!
I apologize for any confusion, but "agriculture" is not a term that has a medical definition. Agriculture refers to the cultivation and breeding of animals, plants, and fungi for food, fiber, biofuel, medicinal plants, and other products used to sustain and enhance human life. It is an important industry and practice that has been developed over thousands of years and continues to play a critical role in global food production and security.
The conservation of natural resources refers to the responsible use and management of natural resources, such as water, soil, minerals, forests, and wildlife, in a way that preserves their availability for future generations. This may involve measures such as reducing waste and pollution, promoting sustainable practices, protecting habitats and ecosystems, and engaging in careful planning and decision-making to ensure the long-term sustainability of these resources. The goal of conservation is to balance the needs of the present with the needs of the future, so that current and future generations can continue to benefit from the many goods and services that natural resources provide.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "soil" is not a term that has a medical definition. Soil is defined as the top layer of earth in which plants grow, a mixture of organic material, clay, sand, and silt. If you have any questions related to medicine or health, I would be happy to try to help answer them for you.
Population dynamics, in the context of public health and epidemiology, refers to the study of the changes in size and structure of a population over time, as well as the factors that contribute to those changes. This can include birth rates, death rates, migration patterns, aging, and other demographic characteristics. Understanding population dynamics is crucial for planning and implementing public health interventions, such as vaccination programs or disease prevention strategies, as they allow researchers and policymakers to identify vulnerable populations, predict future health trends, and evaluate the impact of public health initiatives.
Climate change, as defined medically, refers to the long-term alterations in the statistical distribution of weather patterns caused by changes in the Earth's climate system. These changes can have significant impacts on human health and wellbeing.
Medical professionals are increasingly recognizing the importance of addressing climate change as a public health issue. The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified climate change as one of the greatest threats to global health in the 21st century, with potential impacts including increased heat-related mortality, more frequent and severe natural disasters, changes in the distribution of infectious diseases, and decreased food security.
Climate change can also exacerbate existing health disparities, as vulnerable populations such as children, the elderly, low-income communities, and those with chronic medical conditions are often disproportionately affected by its impacts. As a result, addressing climate change is an important public health priority, and medical professionals have a critical role to play in advocating for policies and practices that reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote adaptation to the changing climate.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "population density" is actually a term used in population geography and epidemiology, rather than medical terminology. It refers to the number of people living in a specific area or region, usually measured as the number of people per square mile or square kilometer.
However, understanding population density can be important in public health and medicine because it can influence various factors related to health outcomes and healthcare delivery, such as:
1. Disease transmission rates: Higher population densities can facilitate the spread of infectious diseases, particularly those that are transmitted through close contact between individuals.
2. Access to healthcare services: Areas with lower population density might have fewer healthcare resources and providers available, making it more challenging for residents to access necessary medical care.
3. Health disparities: Population density can contribute to health inequities, as urban areas often have better access to healthcare, education, and economic opportunities than rural areas, leading to differences in health outcomes between these populations.
4. Environmental factors: Higher population densities might lead to increased pollution, noise, and other environmental hazards that can negatively impact health.
Therefore, while "population density" is not a medical definition per se, it remains an essential concept for understanding various public health and healthcare issues.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "water supply" is not a medical term per se. It is a general term used to describe the system or arrangement providing water for consumption or use, such as a public water supply system or a private well. However, in a medical context, it could refer to the source of water used in a healthcare facility for drinking, cooking, cleaning, and patient care, which must meet certain quality standards to prevent infection and ensure safety.
Ecology is not a medical term, but rather a term used in the field of biology. It refers to the study of the relationships between living organisms and their environment. This includes how organisms interact with each other and with their physical surroundings, such as climate, soil, and water. Ecologists may study the distribution and abundance of species, the flow of energy through an ecosystem, and the effects of human activities on the environment. While ecology is not a medical field, understanding ecological principles can be important for addressing public health issues related to the environment, such as pollution, climate change, and infectious diseases.
Medical definitions of water generally describe it as a colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for all forms of life. It is a universal solvent, making it an excellent medium for transporting nutrients and waste products within the body. Water constitutes about 50-70% of an individual's body weight, depending on factors such as age, sex, and muscle mass.
In medical terms, water has several important functions in the human body:
1. Regulation of body temperature through perspiration and respiration.
2. Acting as a lubricant for joints and tissues.
3. Facilitating digestion by helping to break down food particles.
4. Transporting nutrients, oxygen, and waste products throughout the body.
5. Helping to maintain healthy skin and mucous membranes.
6. Assisting in the regulation of various bodily functions, such as blood pressure and heart rate.
Dehydration can occur when an individual does not consume enough water or loses too much fluid due to illness, exercise, or other factors. This can lead to a variety of symptoms, including dry mouth, fatigue, dizziness, and confusion. Severe dehydration can be life-threatening if left untreated.
The term "Theoretical Models" is used in various scientific fields, including medicine, to describe a representation of a complex system or phenomenon. It is a simplified framework that explains how different components of the system interact with each other and how they contribute to the overall behavior of the system. Theoretical models are often used in medical research to understand and predict the outcomes of diseases, treatments, or public health interventions.
A theoretical model can take many forms, such as mathematical equations, computer simulations, or conceptual diagrams. It is based on a set of assumptions and hypotheses about the underlying mechanisms that drive the system. By manipulating these variables and observing the effects on the model's output, researchers can test their assumptions and generate new insights into the system's behavior.
Theoretical models are useful for medical research because they allow scientists to explore complex systems in a controlled and systematic way. They can help identify key drivers of disease or treatment outcomes, inform the design of clinical trials, and guide the development of new interventions. However, it is important to recognize that theoretical models are simplifications of reality and may not capture all the nuances and complexities of real-world systems. Therefore, they should be used in conjunction with other forms of evidence, such as experimental data and observational studies, to inform medical decision-making.
Eutrophication
Extractivism
Environmental impact of cleaning products
Stephen R. Carpenter
Common bottlenose dolphin
List of environmental issues
EuroChem
Salton Sea
Silage
Urbanization
Seagrass
Duhernal Lake
Harmful algal bloom
Beeliar, Western Australia
Fertilizer
Aphelidium tribonemae
Nutrient cycling in the Columbia River Basin
Phycosphere
Reuse of human excreta
Patricia Glibert
Jocelyn Dela-Cruz
Environment of Pakistan
Environment of Karachi
Lake James (Indiana)
Geography of Peru
Long Island
Benthic-pelagic coupling
Slade Reservoirs
Macroscope (science concept)
Sustainable energy
Eutrophication - Wikipedia
About: Eutrophication
Eutrophication in Europe's coastal waters - European Environment Agency
Eutrophication caused by atmospheric nitrogen deposition in Europe
Cultural Eutrophication
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Eutrophication in Marine Ecosystems | IntechOpen
Eutrophication affects diversity of algae | Expertsvar
Eutrophication Archives - Matís
Eutrophication, Algal Bloom, Hypoxia and Ocean Acidification in Large River Estuaries | Frontiers Research Topic
Effects of interaction between eutrophication and major environmental factors on the ecosystem stability of reed vegetation in...
Water | Free Full-Text | Simulating Hypoxia in a New England Estuary: WASP8 Advanced Eutrophication Module (Narragansett Bay,...
The effects of oil spills and eutrophication on Baltic herring | Fisheries and Environmental Management | University of Helsinki
Effects of internal phosphorus loadings and food-web structure on the recovery of a deep lake from eutrophication | U.S....
SWAT Literature Database | Analysis of the eutrophication factors in the Sutla River Basin
Pond Eutrophication - Environmental Evidence
How will climate change, eutrophication, fishing, and species invasions influence the biodiversity in the Baltic Sea? - FONA
Abstract: LIFE HISTORY RESPONSES TO ANTHROPOGENIC EUTROPHICATION IN MARINE BIVALVES WITH DIFFERENT LARVAL DURATIONS (GSA Annual...
Tackling Cyanobacterial Blooms: Evaluating compounds and techniques for effective eutrophication management across different...
Eutrophication: A new wine in an old bottle?
Eutrophication of Eastern Lake, Sunset Beach, North Carolina :: Journal of the NC Academy of Science
Research on Eutrophication of Shallow Prairie Lakes - Water Canada
Altmetric - Assessing and addressing the re-eutrophication of Lake Erie: Central basin hypoxia
Development of a fish-based index to assess the eutrophication status of European lakes - NERC Open Research Archive
Letter to editor regarding Kotta et al. 2020 : Cleaning up seas using blue growth initiatives: Mussel farming for...
The Influence of Different Parameterisations of Meteorological Forcing and Turbulence Schemes on Modelling of Eutrophication...
New research paper examines salinization as a driver of eutrophication symptoms in an urban lake | Ecohydrology Research Group ...
Eutrophication: assessment, research and management with special reference to Scotland's Freshwaters | Air Pollution...
Eutrophication: A Mathematical Model
Evaluating a mathematical model for predicting lake eutrophication
Biodiversity11
- Initiatives such as the national emission reduction commitments directive, farm to fork strategy and biodiversity strategy for 2030 are key frameworks to further reduce the risk of eutrophication in ecosystems. (europa.eu)
- When the deposition of nitrogen exceeds such critical loads, it can lead to eutrophication and biodiversity loss. (europa.eu)
- The main object of the project was to define the natural biodiversity of Ísafjardardjúp, pollution limits, and potential impact of eutrophication. (matis.is)
- Furthermore, estuaries are under strong anthropogenic pressures, such as eutrophication, wetland degradation, overfishing, and many estuaries' ecosystems have dramatically changed under such anthropogenic pressures and climate change (e.g., hypoxia, ocean acidification and biodiversity decrease). (frontiersin.org)
- How will climate change, eutrophication, fishing, and species invasions influence the biodiversity in the Baltic Sea? (fona.de)
- Eutrophication threatens the biodiversity of marine nature. (johnnurmisensaatio.fi)
- As a result, eutrophication harms and kills the marine and terrestrial organisms in the local aquatic ecosystem and neighboring ecosystems, posing a serious threat to their health and biodiversity. (biotreks.org)
- Eutrophication usually impacts grassland biodiversity , community composition, and biomass production , but its impact on the stability of these community aspects is unclear. (bvsalud.org)
- Anthropogenic drivers lead to unwanted loading of nutrients to freshwater and marine ecosystems, potentially causing eutrophication and loss of biodiversity and fish stocks. (lu.se)
- I. Develop models that predict the impacts of intensifying agricultural production on biodiversity, eutrophication and carbon sequestration. (lu.se)
- conservation of biodiversity, and mitigation of GHG emissions and eutrophication. (lu.se)
Phosphorus16
- Eutrophication is the process by which an entire body of water, or parts of it, becomes progressively enriched with minerals and nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus. (wikipedia.org)
- When occurring naturally, eutrophication is a very slow process in which nutrients, especially phosphorus compounds and organic matter, accumulate in water bodies. (wikipedia.org)
- Nutrient pollution, a form of water pollution, is a primary cause of eutrophication of surface waters, in which excess nutrients, usually nitrogen or phosphorus, stimulate algal and aquatic plant growth. (wikipedia.org)
- Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) eutrophication in marine ecosystems is a global problem. (intechopen.com)
- The major drivers of marine eutrophication are nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) [ 2 ]. (intechopen.com)
- and that internal recycling of phosphorus within the lakes is likely of high importance to managing eutrophication. (watercanada.net)
- Eutrophication problems in the Great Lakes are caused by excessive nutrient inputs (primarily phosphorus, P, and nitrogen, N) from various sources throughout its basin. (tn2hosting.com)
- Eutrophication which may be natural or 'man-made', is the response in water to overenrichment by nutrients, particularly phosphorus and nitrogen. (uia.org)
- Eutrophication begins when inorganic nutrients, primarily nitrogen and phosphorus, flow into a body of water. (sciencing.com)
- Our goal is to remediate eutrophication in an eco-friendly way by using genetically engineered Escherichia coli to absorb excess phosphorus from water bodies suffering from anthropogenic eutrophication. (biotreks.org)
- Being an important limiting nutrient of aquatic plants due to its insolubility in water, sudden spikes in phosphorus levels can result in the rapid saturation of surface water with algae, a dangerous and destructive phenomenon known as an algal bloom-one of the key signals of eutrophication. (biotreks.org)
- While long-term eutrophication can usually be prevented if total phosphorus levels are below 0.5 ppm and 0.05 ppm, levels of 0.08 to 0.10 ppm phosphate may trigger deadly algal blooms (Kotoski 1997). (biotreks.org)
- Eutrophication of a lake is the enrichment of nutrients (phosphorus, nitrogen, carbon and many others) that allows for increased growth of aquatic plant life (phytoplankton), which results in the depletion of the lake's dissolved oxygen. (infosuperior.com)
- The now-famous eutrophication experiment proved that phosphorus, from anthropogenic sources, was the nutrient responsible for massive algal blooms in Lake Erie. (infosuperior.com)
- The level of Eutrophication in a lake can be approximated by measuring the clarity of its water, the concentration of chlorophyll in the lake, and the total phosphorus content of the lake. (infosuperior.com)
- The results of a life cycle impact assessment for different synthetic fertilizers applied to produce one kg of green tobacco revealed that NPK (nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium), ammonium nitrate, and urea production and application had the highest contributions to the abiotic depletion, acidification potential, eutrophication potential, and global warming potential impact categories. (who.int)
Algal11
- A common visible effect of eutrophication is algal blooms. (wikipedia.org)
- This Research Topic aims to stimulate interdisciplinary research on changes of estuarine ecosystems, with a particular focus on eutrophication, algal blooms, hypoxia and ocean acidification in the Yangtze and Mississippi River estuaries. (frontiersin.org)
- Eutrophication of water bodies occurs when high levels of nutrients fuel high rates of primary production and accumulation of algal biomass, either as macroalgae or phytoplankton. (eopugetsound.org)
- The primary cause of cultural eutrophication is human actions (e.g., land use, wastewater, agriculture) that increase the loadings of nutrients that limit algal growth (Carpenter et al. (eopugetsound.org)
- Harmful algal blooms, dead zones, and fish kills are the results of the eutrophication process-which begins with the increased load of nutrients to estuaries and coastal waters. (tn2hosting.com)
- The excessive presence of ammonical nitrogen, complex phosphates and nitrites is a major cause of algal bloom leading to eutrophication. (teamonebiotech.com)
- Mostly, eutrophication leads to easily detectable algal blooms which turn the water green in color as there are numerous amount of algae situated on the surface of the water. (environmentbuddy.com)
- In this article, we will try to understand the meaning, mechanism, and effects of Eutrophication and Algal Bloom from our exam point of view. (srishtiias.com)
- Received papers are expected to cover a wide range of topics: From the sustainable management of catchment basins of lakes (prevention) to the analysis of the suitability of in-lake solutions for the water body recovery (treatment), from the detailed study of algal species to understand the evolution of eutrophication to the study of the sediments of lakes. (mdpi.com)
- Anoxic conditions in lakes are also linked to internal loading (nutrients released from lake sediments) which further contributes to eutrophication and algal blooms. (infosuperior.com)
- Eutrophication, or excessive enrichment of nutrients in the water, can stimulate algal blooms. (who.int)
Nutrients14
- Anthropogenic or "cultural eutrophication" is often a much more rapid process in which nutrients are added to a water body from a wide variety of polluting inputs including untreated or partially treated sewage, industrial wastewater and fertilizer from farming practices. (wikipedia.org)
- Eutrophication is a process of increasing biomass generation in a water body caused by increasing concentrations of plant nutrients, most commonly phosphate and nitrate. (wikipedia.org)
- L'eutrofització (del grec: eutrophia (combinació de eu 'ben' i trephein 'nodrit') que es pot traduir com saludable, nutrició adequada, desenvolupament) és un fenomen causat per l'acumulació de nutrients en un ecosistema com ara un llac o una bassa. (dbpedia.org)
- L'increment de la concentració de nutrients pot ser degut a diversos motius, essent els abocaments incontrolats d'aigües residuals urbanes i i d'aigües que han estat utilitzades en l'agricultura (que contenen fertilitzants) els més perjudicials per a l'ecosistema aquàtic, ja que aporten una gran quantitat de nitrogen i fòsfor al medi i, d'aquesta manera, provoquen el seu desequilibri. (dbpedia.org)
- Anthropogenic sources of nutrients cause eutrophication in coastal waters. (mdpi.com)
- The main cause of eutrophication is the large input of nutrients to a water body and the main effect is the imbalance in the food web that results … Eutrophication derives from the Greek word eutrophos, meaning nourished or enriched. (tn2hosting.com)
- Eutrophication is a process which is caused when too many nutrients enter a body of water causing large growth of some species of algae, degradation of sea life and overgrowth of water bodies. (tn2hosting.com)
- Eutrophication, an excessive amount of nutrients found within a pond or lake due to the runoff can cause negative consequences for waterbodies. (tn2hosting.com)
- The greatest problem faced by the Baltic Sea is eutrophication, caused by excess nutrients. (johnnurmisensaatio.fi)
- The eutrophication of the Baltic Sea is caused by excessive nutrients, which feed the growth of algae and water plants in the Sea, thereby increasing marine productivity. (johnnurmisensaatio.fi)
- In an environment that is low on oxygen, nutrients retained in the seabed dissolve to the water again, and accelerate eutrophication. (johnnurmisensaatio.fi)
- Early in the 1960s, it became obvious that a large number of lakes and reservoirs, particularly those located in industrialized countries, were rapidly changing in character and becoming increasingly fertile (eutrophication) because of addition of plant nutrients originating largely from human activities. (uia.org)
- Eutrophication is the response to the addition of nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates . (srishtiias.com)
- In a eutrophication cycle, a body of water receives an influx of natural or man-made chemical nutrients. (sciencing.com)
Term eutrophication2
- The term eutrophication is widely used by both scientists and public policy-makers, giving it myriad definitions. (wikipedia.org)
- The term eutrophication is used by both the scientific community and public policy-makers, and therefore has a myriad of definitions. (ifremer.fr)
Anthropogenic eutrophication4
- Because anthropogenic impacts in the Gulf predate biomonitoring efforts, relatively little is known about how marine organisms have responded to anthropogenic eutrophication (AE). (confex.com)
- Anthropogenic eutrophication is eutrophication expedited by human impacts, such as agriculture and urban development, which increase the nutrient load on nearby lakes. (infosuperior.com)
- In the 1960s, research into anthropogenic eutrophication took off in response to the rapid eutrophication of Lake Erie. (infosuperior.com)
- In 1969, David Schindler and colleagues established the Experimental Lakes Area in Northwestern Ontario where they could do whole ecosystem experiments on real lakes, in large part, to understand what causes anthropogenic eutrophication. (infosuperior.com)
Algae7
- The results show that different populations of a diatom species may have different growth and adaptability characteristics, and that the genetic variation of the algae may possibly be affected by eutrophication: the researchers found different types of populations during periods of heavy eutrophication in Mariager Fjord. (expertsvar.se)
- Even though we have been able to halve the nutrient load of the Baltic Sea in the past few decades, the symptoms of eutrophication, such as toxic blue algae blooms and anoxic seabeds, continue to afflict the Baltic Sea. (johnnurmisensaatio.fi)
- Blue-green algae, e.g. cyanobacteria, are amongst species of the Baltic Sea, but their volume has increased in the past few decades as a result of eutrophication. (johnnurmisensaatio.fi)
- Eutrophication is a phenomenon in which excess nutrition becomes available to the water body of an ecosystem which allows for limitless production of algae and aquatic plants resulting in a decrease in the number of fish species and also a decrease in the quantity and quality of water. (environmentbuddy.com)
- Eutrophication kicks in when one or more of the factors needed for photosynthesis are available in significant quantity to cause excess growth of photosynthetic organisms such as algae. (environmentbuddy.com)
- Eutrophication is an effect on the water body due to water pollution and enrichment of the water body with minerals which in turn helps algae grow exponentially and thus consume the Dissolved Oxygen (DO). (srishtiias.com)
- Normally, eutrophication occurs naturally as surface water ages over thousands of years, creating a reserve of organic matter and minerals that can support large populations of algae. (biotreks.org)
Acidification1
- Do conflicts among the objectives exist?Some important elements that will be dealt with are eutrophication of lakes and the Baltic Sea, acidification, brownification and the conservation of biological diversity. (lu.se)
Vulnerable to eutrophication2
- Many areas of Puget Sound experience regular mixing through tidal exchange processes that could act to reduce the effects of anthropogenic DIN loading (Figure 1), but some are less well mixed and are therefore vulnerable to eutrophication. (eopugetsound.org)
- The Baltic Sea is small and shallow, and consequently especially vulnerable to eutrophication. (johnnurmisensaatio.fi)
Lakes8
- Once translocated to lakes, the extraction of phosphate into water is slow, hence the difficulty of reversing the effects of eutrophication. (wikipedia.org)
- Therefore, conducting a system analysis of individual lakes is the initial step in managing eutrophication and cyanobacterial blooms. (sense.nl)
- The lakes were additionally characterised by environmental drivers and eutrophication proxies. (nerc.ac.uk)
- Correlated with the proxy of eutrophication, this index discriminates between heavily and moderately impacted lakes. (nerc.ac.uk)
- Cultural eutrophication is affecting millions of lakes, rivers, waterways and other various water bodies throughout the world. (environmentbuddy.com)
- Scientists and Environmentalist must carefully monitor the quality of fresh water in ponds, lakes and any potential site for eutrophication so that it can be prevented before it may commence. (environmentbuddy.com)
- Eutrophication of lakes caused by human-induced processes, such as nutrient-rich sewage water entering a body of water, is called cultural eutrophication. (hiroshima-u.ac.jp)
- Many policies and programs aimed at maintaining healthy lakes depend on measuring their level of eutrophication. (infosuperior.com)
Minimizing nutrient1
- Approaches for prevention and reversal of eutrophication include: minimizing point source pollution from sewage, and minimizing nutrient pollution from agriculture and other nonpoint pollution sources. (wikipedia.org)
Cause eutrophication1
- Cultural practices and environmental factors cause eutrophication. (tn2hosting.com)
Ecosystem7
- Areas where critical loads for eutrophication are exceeded are given as percentages of the total ecosystem area in each grid cell. (europa.eu)
- Marine eutrophication has a negative impact on food security, ecosystem health and economy through disruptions in tourism, fisheries and health industries. (intechopen.com)
- To investigate the effect of continued eutrophication on the ecosystem stability of reed stands under different water table regimes and temperature conditions. (europa.eu)
- The vulnerability of an ecosystem to cultural eutrophication depends on several factors. (eopugetsound.org)
- Eutrophication is a serious environmental problem which reduces the amount and quality of water available to the ecosystem, which in turn reduces the amount of species in the ecosystem. (environmentbuddy.com)
- After discussing the serious consequences on the ecosystem due to eutrophication and effects on all living organisms closely associated to this, serious actions need to be taken to prevent further damage from this process. (environmentbuddy.com)
- The outcome of this project will contribute to the mitigation of eutrophication and pesticide pollution in the Baltic Sea ecosystem from a land-based perspective. (lu.se)
Degradation1
- With more severe eutrophication, bacterial degradation of the excess biomass results in oxygen consumption, which can create a state of hypoxia, beginning in the bottom sediment and deeper waters. (wikipedia.org)
Blooms2
Oxygen3
- C) Determination of the effects of eutrophication, water table fluctuations and oxygen demand in the sediment on oxygen transport within the reed plants, architectural and anatomical structures related to O2 transport, and viability and growth of rhizomes and roots. (europa.eu)
- In the United States, eutrophication - rapid plant growth in water resulting in oxygen deprivation for other species - accounts for about half of the impaired lake area and 60 per cent of the impaired river reaches (Carpenter and others 1998). (uia.org)
- Most researchers agree that the expansion of the oxygen-depleted seabeds has been accelerated by the eutrophication of the past century. (lu.se)
Pollution5
- One of the targets of the European Commission's zero pollution action plan is to reduce the area of ecosystems in the EU at risk of eutrophication caused by atmospheric nitrogen deposition by 25% by 2030, compared with 2005. (europa.eu)
- Nutrient pollution and water quality is a common challenge in many for freshwater ecosystems in Manitoba and globally, causing persistent and damaging eutrophication. (watercanada.net)
- Man-made' eutrophication, in the absence of control measures, proceeds much faster than the natural phenomenon and is one of the major types of water pollution. (uia.org)
- A dedicated paragraph presents the sources of water pollution, with direct effects on eutrophication, fish reproduction, and their populations. (mdpi.com)
- The overarching aim of this project is to introduce sorghum as a low-input food-feed-bioenergy crop that is capable of building agricultural resilience to climate change and environmental pollution towards reducing eutrophication and pesticide pollution in the Baltic Sea basin. (lu.se)
Hypoxia1
- Eutrophication has occurred naturally in the northern Gulf of Mexico for at least the past 1000 years, resulting in periodic occurrences of coastal hypoxia. (confex.com)
Ecosystems1
- The European Commission's Third Clean Air Outlook provides valuable analyses of the progress and prospects of achieving the target of reducing ecosystems at threat of eutrophication by 25% and identifies potential policy adjustments to meet the goal by 2030. (europa.eu)
Species1
- Eutrophication has resulted in reduced recreational usage of water bodies, reduced waterfront property values, damage to endangered species recovery programs and contamination of potable water in many major nations. (biotreks.org)
Naturally1
- Naturally, all bodies of water are being subjected to eutrophication. (environmentbuddy.com)
Populations1
- Eutrophication also poses a threat to human populations. (biotreks.org)
Mitigate1
- My interests cover scientific questions on silica cycling over different time scales, how the Baltic Sea functions and how to mitigate eutrophication. (lu.se)
Phenomenon1
- This Special Issue focuses on eutrophication with the aim of presenting this phenomenon through an integrated vision that may come both from specialized and from interdisciplinary articles. (mdpi.com)
Basin1
- Their eutrophication study divided Lake 226 with a plastic curtain into the North and South basin. (infosuperior.com)
Ecology1
- Eutrophication is one of the most important topics from the Environment and Ecology Section. (srishtiias.com)
Processes1
- The project will examine the effects of interactions between eutrophication, water table management and temperature on ecophysiological processes in reed plants and biogeochemical processes in the rhizosphere of reed. (europa.eu)
Baltic2
- New research about the adverse effects of oil spills and eutrophication on Baltic Sea herring in the Gulf of Finland. (helsinki.fi)
- Eutrophication has been a boon also for the common reed, which grows by the shores of the Baltic Sea. (johnnurmisensaatio.fi)
Bodies of wa1
- In short, man-made eutrophication of inland bodies of water has become synonymous with the deterioration of water quality and is frequently the cause of considerable cost increases. (uia.org)
Cultural3
- This is termed cultural eutrophication, and is the primary concern in evaluating the status of marine waters of Puget Sound. (eopugetsound.org)
- However, many a time, human activities increase it dramatically (anthropogenic or cultural eutrophication). (tn2hosting.com)
- What is Cultural Eutrophication? (environmentbuddy.com)
Effects1
- Eutrophication in the Gulf of Mexico causes severe effects for both wildlife and people. (umich.edu)
Water bodies1
- In 2016, approximately sixty-five percent of freshwater and coastal water bodies in and around the United States were severely damaged by eutrophication. (biotreks.org)
Freshwater1
- Eutrophication can affect freshwater or salt water systems. (wikipedia.org)
Globally1
- In the past few decades there have been massive increase in marine eutrophication globally [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)
Sediments1
- Els sediments dels llacs oligotròfics són clars i contenen gran varietat de formes de vida, mentre que en el cas dels llacs eutròfics el sulfat de ferro i la matèria orgànica sense oxidar els donen un color fosc, i únicament poden viure algunes espècies adaptades a les condicions anaeròbies o anòxiques. (dbpedia.org)
Estuaries1
- Eutrophication is a big word that describes a big problem in the nation's estuaries. (tn2hosting.com)
Widespread1
- Eutrophication is a widespread issue mainly in Northern America and Europe. (environmentbuddy.com)
Emissions1
- Can we reduce NH3 emissions and leaching, both for AQ (PM2.5) and eutrophication, respectively? (lu.se)
Measures1
- Examples of problems to solve could be how to reduce lake eutrophication, how to plan fishery management's measures in a stream or how to reduce the nitrogen discharge into the sea. (lu.se)
Affect2
- How Does Eutrophication Affect pH? (sciencing.com)
- In sediment segments, the factors did not practically affect the course of the eutrophication process. (pjoes.com)
Process2
- This process is known as natural eutrophication . (srishtiias.com)
- Eutrophication is a natural process. (infosuperior.com)
Stability1
- Multidimensional responses of grassland stability to eutrophication. (bvsalud.org)