The enrichment of a terrestrial or aquatic ECOSYSTEM by the addition of nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, that results in a superabundant growth of plants, ALGAE, or other primary producers. It can be a natural process or result from human activity such as agriculture runoff or sewage pollution. In aquatic ecosystems, an increase in the algae population is termed an algal bloom.
The collective name for the republics of ESTONIA; LATVIA; and LITHUANIA on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea. (Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p111)
Adverse effect upon bodies of water (LAKES; RIVERS; seas; groundwater etc.) caused by CHEMICAL WATER POLLUTANTS.
Free-floating minute organisms that are photosynthetic. The term is non-taxonomic and refers to a lifestyle (energy utilization and motility), rather than a particular type of organism. Most, but not all, are unicellular algae. Important groups include DIATOMS; DINOFLAGELLATES; CYANOBACTERIA; CHLOROPHYTA; HAPTOPHYTA; CRYPTOMONADS; and silicoflagellates.
A system of artificial or natural drains, generally used for the disposal of liquid wastes.
Inland bodies of still or slowly moving FRESH WATER or salt water, larger than a pond, and supplied by RIVERS and streams.
Water containing no significant amounts of salts, such as water from RIVERS and LAKES.
Minute free-floating animal organisms which live in practically all natural waters.
A great expanse of continuous bodies of salt water which together cover more than 70 percent of the earth's surface. Seas may be partially or entirely enclosed by land, and are smaller than the five oceans (Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic, and Antarctic).
A functional system which includes the organisms of a natural community together with their environment. (McGraw Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.
An algal bloom where the algae produce powerful toxins that can kill fish, birds, and mammals, and ultimately cause illness in humans. The harmful bloom can also cause oxygen depletion in the water due to the death and decomposition of non-toxic algae species.
Contamination of bodies of water (such as LAKES; RIVERS; SEAS; and GROUNDWATER.)
Activities performed by humans.
A rating of a body of water based on measurable physical, chemical, and biological characteristics.
An element with the atomic symbol N, atomic number 7, and atomic weight [14.00643; 14.00728]. Nitrogen exists as a diatomic gas and makes up about 78% of the earth's atmosphere by volume. It is a constituent of proteins and nucleic acids and found in all living cells.
Multicellular marine macroalgae including some members of red (RHODOPHYTA), green (CHLOROPHYTA), and brown (PHAEOPHYTA) algae. They are widely distributed in the ocean, occurring from the tide level to considerable depths, free-floating (planktonic) or anchored to the substratum (benthic). They lack a specialized vascular system but take up fluids, nutrients, and gases directly from the water. They contain CHLOROPHYLL and are photosynthetic, but some also contain other light-absorbing pigments. Many are of economic importance as FOOD, fertilizer, AGAR, potash, or source of IODINE.
Substances or mixtures that are added to the soil to supply nutrients or to make available nutrients already present in the soil, in order to increase plant growth and productivity.
Characteristic events occurring in the ATMOSPHERE during the interactions and transformation of various atmospheric components and conditions.
A plant family of the order Najadales, subclass ALISMATIDAE, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). This is a group of perennial aquatic herbs with basal leaves.
Total mass of all the organisms of a given type and/or in a given area. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990) It includes the yield of vegetative mass produced from any given crop.
The monitoring of the level of toxins, chemical pollutants, microbial contaminants, or other harmful substances in the environment (soil, air, and water), workplace, or in the bodies of people and animals present in that environment.
The variety of all native living organisms and their various forms and interrelationships.
The flow of water in enviromental bodies of water such as rivers, oceans, water supplies, aquariums, etc. It includes currents, tides, and waves.
A mass of organic or inorganic solid fragmented material, or the solid fragment itself, that comes from the weathering of rock and is carried by, suspended in, or dropped by air, water, or ice. It refers also to a mass that is accumulated by any other natural agent and that forms in layers on the earth's surface, such as sand, gravel, silt, mud, fill, or loess. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1689)
A family of gram-negative nitrifying bacteria, in the order Nitrosomonadales, class BETAPROTEOBACTERIA.
The external elements and conditions which surround, influence, and affect the life and development of an organism or population.
Chemical compounds which pollute the water of rivers, streams, lakes, the sea, reservoirs, or other bodies of water.
A class in the phylum CNIDARIA, comprised mostly of corals and anemones. All members occur only as polyps; the medusa stage is completely absent.
The salinated water of OCEANS AND SEAS that provides habitat for marine organisms.
Large natural streams of FRESH WATER formed by converging tributaries and which empty into a body of water (lake or ocean).
One of the three domains of life (the others being BACTERIA and ARCHAEA), also called Eukarya. These are organisms whose cells are enclosed in membranes and possess a nucleus. They comprise almost all multicellular and many unicellular organisms, and are traditionally divided into groups (sometimes called kingdoms) including ANIMALS; PLANTS; FUNGI; and various algae and other taxa that were previously part of the old kingdom Protista.
The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in water. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms.
The sequence of transfers of matter and energy from organism to organism in the form of FOOD. Food chains intertwine locally into a food web because most organisms consume more than one type of animal or plant. PLANTS, which convert SOLAR ENERGY to food by PHOTOSYNTHESIS, are the primary food source. In a predator chain, a plant-eating animal is eaten by a larger animal. In a parasite chain, a smaller organism consumes part of a larger host and may itself be parasitized by smaller organisms. In a saprophytic chain, microorganisms live on dead organic matter.
The science, art or practice of cultivating soil, producing crops, and raising livestock.
The protection, preservation, restoration, and rational use of all resources in the total environment.
The unconsolidated mineral or organic matter on the surface of the earth that serves as a natural medium for the growth of land plants.
The pattern of any process, or the interrelationship of phenomena, which affects growth or change within a population.
Any significant change in measures of climate (such as temperature, precipitation, or wind) lasting for an extended period (decades or longer). It may result from natural factors such as changes in the sun's intensity, natural processes within the climate system such as changes in ocean circulation, or human activities.
Number of individuals in a population relative to space.
Means or process of supplying water (as for a community) usually including reservoirs, tunnels, and pipelines and often the watershed from which the water is ultimately drawn. (Webster, 3d ed)
The branch of science concerned with the interrelationship of organisms and their ENVIRONMENT, especially as manifested by natural cycles and rhythms, community development and structure, interactions between different kinds of organisms, geographic distributions, and population alterations. (Webster's, 3d ed)
A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of systems, processes, or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Dynamics of bacterial community composition and activity during a mesocosm diatom bloom. (1/248)

Bacterial community composition, enzymatic activities, and carbon dynamics were examined during diatom blooms in four 200-liter laboratory seawater mesocosms. The objective was to determine whether the dramatic shifts in growth rates and ectoenzyme activities, which are commonly observed during the course of phytoplankton blooms and their subsequent demise, could result from shifts in bacterial community composition. Nutrient enrichment of metazoan-free seawater resulted in diatom blooms dominated by a Thalassiosira sp., which peaked 9 days after enrichment ( approximately 24 microg of chlorophyll a liter(-1)). At this time bacterial abundance abruptly decreased from 2.8 x 10(6) to 0.75 x 10(6) ml(-1), and an analysis of bacterial community composition, by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene fragments, revealed the disappearance of three dominant phylotypes. Increased viral and flagellate abundances suggested that both lysis and grazing could have played a role in the observed phylotype-specific mortality. Subsequently, new phylotypes appeared and bacterial production, abundance, and enzyme activities shifted from being predominantly associated with the <1.0-microm size fraction towards the >1.0-microm size fraction, indicating a pronounced microbial colonization of particles. Sequencing of DGGE bands suggested that the observed rapid and extensive colonization of particulate matter was mainly by specialized alpha-Proteobacteria- and Cytophagales-related phylotypes. These particle-associated bacteria had high growth rates as well as high cell-specific aminopeptidase, beta-glucosidase, and lipase activities. Rate measurements as well as bacterial population dynamics were almost identical among the mesocosms indicating that the observed bacterial community dynamics were systematic and repeatable responses to the manipulated conditions.  (+info)

Forecasting agriculturally driven global environmental change. (2/248)

During the next 50 years, which is likely to be the final period of rapid agricultural expansion, demand for food by a wealthier and 50% larger global population will be a major driver of global environmental change. Should past dependences of the global environmental impacts of agriculture on human population and consumption continue, 10(9) hectares of natural ecosystems would be converted to agriculture by 2050. This would be accompanied by 2.4- to 2.7-fold increases in nitrogen- and phosphorus-driven eutrophication of terrestrial, freshwater, and near-shore marine ecosystems, and comparable increases in pesticide use. This eutrophication and habitat destruction would cause unprecedented ecosystem simplification, loss of ecosystem services, and species extinctions. Significant scientific advances and regulatory, technological, and policy changes are needed to control the environmental impacts of agricultural expansion.  (+info)

Possible estuary-associated syndrome: symptoms, vision, and treatment. (3/248)

The human illness designated as possible estuarine-associated syndrome (PEAS) by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has been associated with exposure to estuaries inhabited by toxin-forming dinoflagellates, including members of the fish-killing toxic Pfiesteria complex (TPC), Pfiesteria piscicida and Pfiesteria shumwayae. Humans may be exposed through direct contact with estuarine water or by inhalation of aerosolized or volatilized toxin(s). The five cases reported here demonstrate the full spectrum of symptoms experienced during acute and chronic stages of this suspected neurotoxin-mediated illness. The nonspecific symptoms most commonly reported are cough, secretory diarrhea, headache, fatigue, memory impairment, rash, difficulty in concentrating, light sensitivity, burning skin upon water contact, muscle ache, and abdominal pain. Less frequently encountered symptoms are upper airway obstruction, shortness of breath, confusion, red or tearing eyes, weakness, and vertigo. Some patients experience as few as four of these symptoms. The discovery that an indicator of visual pattern-detection ability, visual contrast sensitivity (VCS), is sharply reduced in affected individuals has provided an objective indicator that is useful in diagnosing and monitoring PEAS. VCS deficits are present in both acute and chronic PEAS, and VCS recovers during cholestyramine treatment coincident with symptom abatement. Although PEAS cannot yet be definitively associated with TPC exposure, resolution with cholestyramine treatment suggests a neurotoxin-mediated illness.  (+info)

Pfiesteria-related educational products and information resources available to the public, health officials, and researchers. (4/248)

Public and political concerns about Pfiesteria from 1997 to the present vastly exceed the attention given to other harmful algal bloom (HAB) issues in the United States. To some extent, the intense focus on Pfiesteria has served to increase attention on HABs in general. Given the strong and continuing public, political, and research interests in Pfiesteria piscicida Steidinger & Burkholder and related organisms, there is a clear need for information and resources of many different types. This article provides information on Pfiesteria-related educational products and information resources available to the general public, health officials, and researchers. These resources are compiled into five categories: reports; website resources; state outreach and communication programs; fact sheets; and training manuals and documentaries. Over the last few years there has been rapid expansion in the amount of Pfiesteria-related information available, particularly on the Internet, and it is scattered among many different sources.  (+info)

The role of nutrient loading and eutrophication in estuarine ecology. (5/248)

Eutrophication is a process that can be defined as an increase in the rate of supply of organic matter (OM) to an ecosystem. We provide a general overview of the major features driving estuarine eutrophication and outline some of the consequences of that process. The main chemical constituent of OM is carbon (C), and therefore rates of eutrophication are expressed in units of C per area per unit time. OM occurs in both particulate and dissolved forms. Allochthonous OM originates outside the estuary, whereas autochthonous OM is generated within the system, mostly by primary producers or by benthic regeneration of OM. The supply rates of limiting nutrients regulate phytoplankton productivity that contributes to inputs of autochthonous OM. The trophic status of an estuary is often based on eutrophication rates and can be categorized as oligotrophic (<100 g C m(-2) y(-1), mesotrophic (100-300 g C m(-2) y(-1), eutrophic (300-500 g C m(-2) y(-1), or hypertrophic (>500 g C m(-2) y(-1). Ecosystem responses to eutrophication depend on both export rates (flushing, microbially mediated losses through respiration, and denitrification) and recycling/regeneration rates within the estuary. The mitigation of the effects of eutrophication involves the regulation of inorganic nutrient (primarily N and P) inputs into receiving waters. Appropriately scaled and parameterized nutrient and hydrologic controls are the only realistic options for controlling phytoplankton blooms, algal toxicity, and other symptoms of eutrophication in estuarine ecosystems.  (+info)

State monitoring activities related to Pfiesteria-like organisms. (6/248)

In response to potential threats to human health and fish populations, six states along the east coast of the United States initiated monitoring programs related to Pfiesteria-like organisms in 1998. These actions were taken in the wake of toxic outbreaks of Pfiesteria piscicida Steidinger & Burkholder in Maryland during 1997 and previous outbreaks in North Carolina. The monitoring programs have two major purposes. The first, rapid response, is to ensure public safety by responding immediately to conditions that may indicate the presence of Pfiesteria or related organisms in a toxic state. The second, comprehensive assessment, is to provide a more complete understanding of where Pfiesteria-like organisms may become a threat, to understand what factors may stimulate their growth and toxicity, and to evaluate the impacts of these organisms upon fish and other aquatic life. In states where human health studies are being conducted, the data from both types of monitoring are used to provide information on environmental exposure. The three elements included in each monitoring program are identification of Pfiesteria-like organisms, water quality measurements, and assessments of fish health. Identification of Pfiesteria-like organisms is a particularly difficult element of the monitoring programs, as these small species cannot be definitively identified using light microscopy; newly applied molecular techniques, however, are starting to provide alternatives to traditional methods. State monitoring programs also offer many opportunities for collaborations with research initiatives targeting both environmental and human health issues related to Pfiesteria-like organisms.  (+info)

Field ecology of toxic Pfiesteria complex species and a conservative analysis of their role in estuarine fish kills. (7/248)

Within the past decade, toxic Pfiesteria outbreaks have been documented in poorly flushed, eutrophic areas of the largest and second largest estuaries on the U.S. mainland. Here we summarize a decadal field effort in fish kill assessment, encompassing kills related to Pfiesteria (49 major kills in North Carolina estuaries since 1991 and 4 in Maryland estuaries in 1997) and to other factors such as low oxygen stress (79 major fish kills in North Carolina estuaries). The laboratory and field data considered in developing our protocols are described, including toxic Pfiesteria behavior, environmental conditions conducive to toxic Pfiesteria activity, and impacts of toxic clonal Pfiesteria on fish health. We outline the steps of the standardized fish bioassay procedure that has been used since 1991 to diagnose whether actively toxic Pfiesteria was present during estuarine fish kills. Detailed data are given for a 1998 toxic Pfiesteria outbreak in the Neuse Estuary in North Carolina to illustrate of the full suite of diagnostic steps completed. We demonstrate that our conservative approach in implicating toxic Pfiesteria involvement in fish kills has biased in favor of causes other than Pfiesteria. Data are summarized from experiments that have shown stimulation of toxic Pfiesteria strains by nutrient (N, P) enrichment, supporting field observations of highest abundance of toxic strains in eutrophic estuaries. On the basis of a decade of research on toxic Pfiesteria, we present a conceptual model of the seasonal dynamics of toxic strains as affected by changing food resources and weather patterns. We also recommend protocols and research approaches that will strengthen the science of fish kill assessment related to Pfiesteria and/or other causative factors.  (+info)

History and timing of human impact on Lake Victoria, East Africa. (8/248)

Lake Victoria, the largest tropical lake in the world, suffers from severe eutrophication and the probable extinction of up to half of its 500+ species of endemic cichlid fishes. The continuing degradation of Lake Victoria's ecological functions has serious long-term consequences for the ecosystem services it provides, and may threaten social welfare in the countries bordering its shores. Evaluation of recent ecological changes in the context of aquatic food-web alterations, catchment disturbance and natural ecosystem variability has been hampered by the scarcity of historical monitoring data. Here, we present high-resolution palaeolimnological data, which show that increases in phytoplankton production developed from the 1930s onwards, which parallels human-population growth and agricultural activity in the Lake Victoria drainage basin. Dominance of bloom-forming cyanobacteria since the late 1980s coincided with a relative decline in diatom growth, which can be attributed to the seasonal depletion of dissolved silica resulting from 50 years of enhanced diatom growth and burial. Eutrophication-induced loss of deep-water oxygen started in the early 1960s, and may have contributed to the 1980s collapse of indigenous fish stocks by eliminating suitable habitat for certain deep-water cichlids. Conservation of Lake Victoria as a functioning ecosystem is contingent upon large-scale implementation of improved land-use practices.  (+info)

1. Rabies: A deadly viral disease that affects the central nervous system and is transmitted through the saliva of infected animals, usually through bites.
2. Distemper: A highly contagious viral disease that affects dogs, raccoons, and other carnivorous animals, causing symptoms such as seizures, vomiting, and diarrhea.
3. Parvo: A highly contagious viral disease that affects dogs and other animals, causing severe gastrointestinal symptoms and dehydration.
4. Heartworm: A parasitic infection caused by a worm that infects the heart and blood vessels of animals, particularly dogs and cats.
5. Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV): A viral disease that weakens the immune system of cats, making them more susceptible to other infections and diseases.
6. Avian influenza: A type of flu that affects birds, including chickens and other domesticated fowl, as well as wild birds.
7. Tuberculosis: A bacterial infection that can affect a wide range of animals, including cattle, pigs, and dogs.
8. Leptospirosis: A bacterial infection that can affect a wide range of animals, including dogs, cats, and wildlife, and can cause symptoms such as fever, kidney failure, and death.
9. Lyme disease: A bacterial infection transmitted through the bite of an infected tick, primarily affecting dogs and humans.
10. Fungal infections: Fungal infections can affect a wide range of animals, including dogs, cats, and livestock, and can cause symptoms such as skin lesions, respiratory problems, and death.

Animal diseases can have a significant impact on animal health and welfare, as well as human health and the economy. They can also be transmitted between animals and humans, making it important to monitor and control animal disease outbreaks to prevent their spread.

Vaccination is an effective way to prevent animal diseases in pets and livestock. Regular vaccinations can help protect against common diseases such as distemper, hepatitis, parvovirus, and rabies, among others. Vaccines can be administered orally, through injection, or through a nasal spray.

Preventative care is key in avoiding animal disease outbreaks. Some of the best ways to prevent animal diseases include:

1. Regular vaccinations: Keeping pets and livestock up to date on their vaccinations can help protect against common diseases.
2. Proper sanitation and hygiene: Keeping living areas clean and free of waste can help prevent the spread of disease-causing bacteria and viruses.
3. Avoiding contact with wild animals: Wild animals can carry a wide range of diseases that can be transmitted to domesticated animals, so it's best to avoid contact with them whenever possible.
4. Proper nutrition: Providing pets and livestock with a balanced diet can help keep their immune systems strong and better able to fight off disease.
5. Monitoring for signs of illness: Regularly monitoring pets and livestock for signs of illness, such as fever, vomiting, or diarrhea, can help identify and treat diseases early on.
6. Quarantine and isolation: Isolating animals that are showing signs of illness can help prevent the spread of disease to other animals and humans.
7. Proper disposal of animal waste: Properly disposing of animal waste can help prevent the spread of disease-causing bacteria and viruses.
8. Avoiding overcrowding: Overcrowding can contribute to the spread of disease, so it's important to provide adequate living space for pets and livestock.
9. Regular veterinary care: Regular check-ups with a veterinarian can help identify and treat diseases early on, and also provide guidance on how to prevent animal diseases.
10. Emergency preparedness: Having an emergency plan in place for natural disasters or other unexpected events can help protect pets and livestock from disease outbreaks.

Cultural or anthropogenic eutrophication is the process that speeds up natural eutrophication because of human activity. Due to ... The term "eutrophication" comes from the Greek eutrophos, meaning "well-nourished". Whilst eutrophication is usually referring ... Advanced eutrophication may also be referred to as dystrophic and hypertrophic conditions. Eutrophication can affect freshwater ... Khan, M. Nasir and Mohammad, F. (2014 ) "Eutrophication of Lakes" in A. A. Ansari, S. S. Gill (eds.), Eutrophication: ...
Eutrophication is a very serious environmental hazard that can rapidly destroy marine ecosystems, making it impossible for ... It has been linked to eutrophication, which entails excessive growth of algae, which absorbs all of the oxygen in the water. ... "Eutrophication". European Environment Agency. Retrieved 2020-03-11. US EPA, OA (2013-02-22). "Summary of the Toxic Substances ...
p. 2. "Eutrophication". U.S. Geological Survey. Retrieved 11 December 2014. Chesapeake Bay Program's STAC Chesapeake Community ... 2014 One of the major problems with the bay is eutrophication. This is the result of excessive fertilizer runoff from farms ...
"Eutrophication is a significant environmental problem that can impact humans on a recreational, economic, and even public ... By the mid-1990s he began to study the economics of eutrophication, in which he compared the benefits factories and farms ... He resumed work on the Madison lakes, including Lake Mendota, where his interest in the phosphorus cycle and eutrophication was ... Stephen Russell Carpenter (born July 5, 1952) is an American lake ecologist who focuses on lake eutrophication which is the ...
... and eutrophication. High nutrient input from agriculture chemicals and fertilizers causes eutrophication and hypoxia, causing a ... "Eutrophication , USGS.gov". www.usgs.gov. Retrieved 2018-03-18. Pierce, R. H.; Henry, M. S. (2008-10-01). "Harmful algal toxins ...
Eutrophication • Fish kill • Groundwater pollution • Groundwater recharge • Marine debris • Marine pollution • Mercury in fish ...
"Eutrophication". Puhdasitameri.fi. Archived from the original on 11 April 2013. Retrieved 22 February 2014. "Новости - Юг и ...
September 7-8, 2000). Eutrophic Conditions at the Salton Sea (PDF). Eutrophication Workshop. Salton Sea Authority, the Salton ... Fertilizer runoffs have resulted in eutrophication, with large algal blooms and elevated bacterial levels. By the 1970s, the ...
"Eutrophication" (PDF). {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires ,journal= (help) "Ontario Agricultural Waste Study: ... The high nutrient content can lead to eutrophication (hypertrophication), the growth of bacterial or algal blooms. Plastic ...
Eutrophication is a process which causes hypoxic water conditions and algal blooms that may be detrimental to the survival of ... The occurrence of eutrophication in bodies of water is another effect large urban populations have on the environment. When ... Ramesh, R; Lakshmi, A; Purvaja, R; Costanzo, S.D; Kelsey, R.H; Hawkey, J; Datta, A; Dennison, W.C (2013). "Eutrophication and ... "About Eutrophication , World Resources Institute". wri.org. 12 September 2013. Retrieved 18 November 2018. "Harmful Algal ...
Algal blooms caused by eutrophication also lead to hypoxic conditions, which seagrasses are also highly susceptible to. Since ... Burkholder, JoAnn M.; Tomasko, David A.; Touchette, Brant W. (9 November 2007). "Seagrasses and eutrophication". Journal of ... Another major cause of seagrass disappearance is coastal eutrophication. Rapidly developing human population density along ...
"EPA Eutrophication report". EPA. Retrieved January 17, 2016. Peck, Jim. "Where are the headwaters of Manalapan Brook?". My ...
"EUTROPHICATION IN THE BALTIC SEA". Retrieved November 20, 2021. International Society for the Study of Harmful Algae (ISSHA) ... HABs are induced by eutrophication, which is an overabundance of nutrients in the water. The two most common nutrients are ... River export of nutrients to coastal seas increases coastal eutrophication potential (ICEP). The ICEP of the Godavari River is ... US Department of Commerce, N. O. and A. A. (NOAA). (2019, April 2). What is Eutrophication? NOAA's National Ocean Service. ...
Pollution including eutrophication; 3. Water level changes; and 4. Salination". The Department (2006) reports that "406 native ... Pollution including eutrophication; Water level changes; Salination; Aesthetic disruption (Section 24); Aquatic or declared ...
Eutrophication of Lakes. Eutrophication: Causes, Consequences and Control. pp. 55-71. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7814-6_5. ISBN 978 ... In cases where eutrophication can be reversed, it may nevertheless take decades and significant soil management before the ... Agricultural run-off is a major contributor to the eutrophication of fresh water bodies. For example, in the US, about half of ... The main contributor to eutrophication is phosphate, which is normally a limiting nutrient; high concentrations promote the ...
The Columbia River has been subject to cultural eutrophication in part due to the use of the river and its tributaries to ... "Sources of Eutrophication , World Resources Institute". www.wri.org. Retrieved 2017-12-05. "Sewage flows into Columbia River ... but often some excess nutrients leak and contribute to eutrophication. Human sewage waste in the United States accounts for ... these increased rations can be further compounded by increase nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations from eutrophication. The ...
See also eutrophication). In reality, the actual bacterial diversity of the phycosphere is extremely diverse and is dependent ...
"Eutrophication of Lakes". Eutrophication: Causes, Consequences and Control. pp. 55-71. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7814-6_5. ISBN ... There are potentially more environmental problems (such as eutrophication resulting from the influx of nutrient rich effluent ...
HABs and Eutrophication. 8 (1): 77-93. doi:10.1016/j.hal.2008.08.010. ISSN 1568-9883. Glibert, Patricia M.; Bronk, Deborah A. ( ... Glibert, Patricia M. (2020-01-01). "Harmful algae at the complex nexus of eutrophication and climate change". Harmful Algae. ... Anderson, Donald M.; Glibert, Patricia M.; Burkholder, Joann M. (2002). "Harmful algal blooms and eutrophication: Nutrient ... and eutrophication". Harmful Algae. 1 (2): 215-231. doi:10.1016/S1568-9883(02)00013-6. ISSN 1568-9883. Glibert, Patricia M.; ...
Dela-Cruz J. (2009). Threat of eutrophication. Wetlands Australia, 17:28. Littleboy M., Sayers J. and Dela-Cruz J. (2009). ... Dela-Cruz J. (2011). Coastal Eutrophication Risk Assessment Tool. http://www.ozcoasts.gov.au/nrm_rpt/cerat/index.jsp Roper T., ...
... eutrophication and littering. Pakistan exports Leather product using Leather production processes including tanning. In ...
... eutrophication and littering. 110 million gallons per day of raw, untreated water from the Indus River is mixed with treated ...
National Eutrophication Survey. Bloomington, Indiana (331). Media related to Lake James (Indiana) at Wikimedia Commons Lake ...
"What is Eutrophication". oceanservice.noaa.gov. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 28 November 2018. " ... Oversaturation of nutrients leads to eutrophication in nearby water bodies resulting in dead zones. Carbon emissions due to ...
Overall, eutrophication results in an increase in phytoplankton biomass and blooms, altered phytoplankton community structure, ... Eutrophication in Coastal Ecosystems. Developments in Hydrobiology. 207: 147-156. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-3385-7_13. ISBN 978-90 ...
Nixon, Scott W. (2009). "Eutrophication and the macroscope". Hydrobiologia. 629 (1): 5-19. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-3385-7_2. ...
... eutrophication (terrestrial, marine, freshwater); ecotoxicity (freshwater); acidification; climate change. Meeting existing and ...
These include eutrophication of surface waters, harmful algal blooms, hypoxia, acid rain, nitrogen saturation in forests, and ... Raw sewage is a large contributor to cultural eutrophication since sewage is high in nutrients. Releasing raw sewage into a ... It is a primary cause of eutrophication of surface waters (lakes, rivers and coastal waters), in which excess nutrients, ... In order to gauge how to best prevent eutrophication from occurring, specific sources that contribute to nutrient loading must ...
Khan MN, Mohammad F (2014). "Eutrophication: Challenges and Solutions". In Ansari AA, Gill SS (eds.). Eutrophication: Causes, ...
"evidence of Eutrophication" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) "SLADE UPPER RESERVOIR, NORTH DEVON (EX34 8LL)". ...
Operational monitoring of eutrophication including the SmartBuoy network and other autonomous data sources by Dr David Mills, ... Summary of the latest meeting of the Eutrophication Forum. The latest meeting took place on Wednesday, 4th March 2009 in Nobel ... can be integrated to improve assessments of eutrophication. The EMECO (European Marine Ecosystem Observatory) was also ...
The major impacts of eutrophication include changes in the structure and functioning of marine ecosystems and reduction of ... According to the definition of eutrophication, eutrophication is caused by enrichment of the water by inorganic nutrients. In ...
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Publications›Third assessment of the eutrophication status of German coastal and marine waters 2006 - 2014 in the North Sea ... The project conducted the third application of the ⁠OSPAR⁠ Common Procedue for the assessment of the eutrophication status of ... Third assessment of the eutrophication status of German coastal and marine waters 2006 - 2014 in the North Sea according to the ... Third assessment of the eutrophication status of German coastal and marine waters 2006 - 2014 in the North Sea according to the ...
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Human Effects on the Baltic Sea Ecosystem: Fishing and Eutrophication. Sture Hansson ...
Cultural Eutrophication Mediates Context-Dependent Eco-Evolutionary Feedbacks of a Fish Invader Quenton M. Tuckett; Quenton M. ... Quenton M. Tuckett, Kevin S. Simon, Michael T. Kinnison; Cultural Eutrophication Mediates Context-Dependent Eco-Evolutionary ... within eco-evolutionary dynamics might facilitate alternate stable state transitions initiated by cultural eutrophication. ...
Eutrophication is the enhanced primary production of marine algae due to excessive supply of nutrients from human activities, ... Eutrophication is the enhanced primary production of marine algae due to excessive supply of nutrients from human activities, ... The main objectives of this report are to evaluate the causes, state and development of eutrophication in European coastal ... Remote sensing s contribution to evaluating eutrophication in marine and coastal waters ...
February 28th, 1968 marked the date Boyce Brandon Harris (my octogenarian widower father) purchased a small tract of land Pooh would Winnie constituting
How does eutrophication cause fish kills?. One of the negative impacts of eutrophication and increased algal growth is a loss ... How does eutrophication cause dead zones?. Dead zones are low-oxygen, or hypoxic, areas in the worlds oceans and lakes. ... How does eutrophication cause red tide?. In the ocean, as on the land, photosynthesis combines energy from the Sun, carbon ... How does eutrophication cause harmful algae blooms?. Nitrates and phosphates are nutrients that plants need to grow. In small ...
Modeling eutrophication risks in tanes reservoir by using a hybrid woa optimized svr-relied technique along with feature ...
... eutrophication, pollution). Consequently, unpredictable global change effects could arise. However, information about multi- ... we specifically assessed the effects of eutrophication. This was done because eutrophication had the strongest effect on ... For the eutrophication treatment, 3 g of a dissolved NPK fertilizer (Universol® blue oxide, ICL SF Germany & Austria, Nordhorn ... Eutrophication effects. In addition to the general assessment of individual GCF effects in the hierarchical diversity- ...
Coastal nutrient eutrophication is often considered to be primarily responsible for the increased number of high-biomass HAB ... THEME 4: Nutrients and Eutrophication Overall objective: To determine how the availability and utilisation of multiple forms of ... Investigate the link of eutrophication-induced HABs and deoxygenation processes in marine coastal and oceanic ecosystems, and ... 2008, Glibert and Burford 2017 and references therein). Increases in HABs associated with eutrophication or nutrient loading ...
Eutrophication control via nutrient reduction in rivers : literature review. *Eutrophication in controlled waters in the ... River Nar eutrophication studies : diatoms : draft report. *River Nar eutrophication studies : summary review of 1993 technical ... Eutrophication is a natural, slow-aging process for a water body, but human activity greatly speeds up the process. (USGS) ... Aquatic eutrophication (leaflet). *Assessment of the Trophic Status of Rivers using Macrophytes - supporting documentation for ...
I started this website with the goal of responding to the specific needs of todays teachers and students. Here I share educational infographics and hundreds of thematic educational resources for elementary school students and their parents.. ...
DOMINGUES RB, CC Guerra, AB Barbosa, HM Galvão (2017) Will nutrient and light limitation prevent eutrophication in an ... Will nutrient and light limitation prevent eutrophication in an anthropogenically-impacted coastal lagoon? ...
Eutrophication of water bodies has become a problem throughout heavily populated areas, and has a range of devastating effects. ... What is cultural eutrophication?. Eutrophication is a naturally occurring process which depletes the oxygen levels in a body of ... Causes and effects of cultural eutrophication. Eutrophication has become a very important problem particularly in heavily ... Natural eutrophication is a gradual process that takes place over a long period of time - even centuries. It is related to an ...
Water Pollution In Ireland: Eutrophication. Eutrophication is the increase in chemical nutrients in an ecosystem which results ... In most cases, the primary cause of eutrophication is phosphorus, with nitrates as the secondary cause. The impact of nitrates ... In Ireland many of our rivers, lakes and coastal waters are significantly affected by eutrophication. ... trout need high levels of dissolved oxygen to survive and so a substantial number of fish kills are caused by eutrophication. ...
Increasing eutrophication in the coastal seas of China from 1970 to 2050. In: Marine Pollution Bulletin. 2014 ; Vol. 85, No. 1 ... Increasing eutrophication in the coastal seas of China from 1970 to 2050. / Strokal, Maryna; Yang, H.; Zhang, Y. et al. ... Increasing eutrophication in the coastal seas of China from 1970 to 2050. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 2014 Aug 15;85(1):123-140 ... Strokal, M, Yang, H, Zhang, Y, Kroeze, C, Li, L, Luan, S, Wang, H, Yang, S & Zhang, Y 2014, Increasing eutrophication in the ...
Eutrophication - severe algae blooms around 2004-2007. Agriculture being main source of phosphorus in fresh water. ...
Eutrophication - Hazardous Substances - Nitrogen - Nutrients - Organic Pollution - Phosphorus - Wastewater. ...
Opportunistic settlers and the problem of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi invasion in the Black Sea. by IMO/FAO/UNESCO-IOC/WMO/WHO/IAEA/UN/UNEP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection , World Health Organization.. Series: GESAMP reports and studies ; no. 58Material type: ...
Eutrophication; Marchica lagoon; Ratio N/P; Spatio-temporal distribution of environmental parameters; TRIX; TSI ... This study aimed to assess the extent of eutrophication in the Marchica lagoon, using the trophic index (TRIX), trophic status ... Given these findings, urgent conservation and management measures are recommended to address the eutrophication issues ... Evaluation of the water quality and the eutrophication risk in Ramsar site on Moroccan northern Mediterranean (Marchica lagoon ...
Control of eutrophication in inland waters / Helmut Klapper. By: Klapper, HelmutMaterial type: TextSeries: Ellis Horwood series ...
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Agriculture Drives Eutrophication. The scientists from the University of Gothenburg studied By Fjord near Uddevalla from 2009 ... By Fjord is hypoxic and has been impacted by eutrophication.. The Bäve River flows into the fjord, thereby bringing with it ... However, human activity has raised eutrophication in coastal regions, and this has made bigger areas of anoxic waters on the ...
Eutrophication remains a major problem for Europes seas despite some progress 2019-12-11 ... The shared vision for Europes seas is a healthy marine environment where human-induced eutrophication is minimised. However, ... the European Environment Agencys (EEA) assessment, published today, shows that eutrophication still remains a large scale ...
Eutrophication Experiments For Teachers 7th - 8th Observe two different water samples and write down observations. Write a ...
  • The specific context-dependent effects we observed suggest that remodeling of environmental context within eco-evolutionary dynamics might facilitate alternate stable state transitions initiated by cultural eutrophication. (allenpress.com)
  • What Is Cultural Eutrophication? (greentumble.com)
  • Although, eutrophication happens naturally in water bodies, changes in land use and pollution due to human activity contribute to much faster rate of eutrophication, also known as "cultural eutrophication" . (greentumble.com)
  • How does eutrophication cause harmful algae blooms? (projectbaseline.org)
  • Eutrophication - severe algae blooms around 2004-2007. (nwrm.eu)
  • Dead zones occur because of a process called eutrophication, which happens when a body of water gets too many nutrients, such as phosphorus and nitrogen. (projectbaseline.org)
  • In most cases, the primary cause of eutrophication is phosphorus, with nitrates as the secondary cause. (ecos.ie)
  • Plant communities experience impacts of increasing numbers of global change factors (e.g., warming, eutrophication, pollution). (nature.com)
  • Eutrophication is the increase in chemical nutrients in an ecosystem which results in excessive plant growth and decay. (ecos.ie)
  • DOMINGUES RB, CC Guerra, AB Barbosa, HM Galvão (2017) Will nutrient and light limitation prevent eutrophication in an anthropogenically-impacted coastal lagoon? (ualg.pt)
  • Excessive amounts, however, lead to a process called eutrophication, which stimulates an explosive growth of algae (algal blooms) that depletes the water of oxygen when the algae die and are eaten by bacteria. (projectbaseline.org)
  • Lake Erie is just one example of the harmful effects of algal blooms that occur because of eutrophication. (greentumble.com)
  • The main objectives of this report are to evaluate the causes, state and development of eutrophication in European coastal waters and identify areas where more monitoring data are needed to improve the assessment. (econbiz.de)
  • In Ireland many of our rivers, lakes and coastal waters are significantly affected by eutrophication. (ecos.ie)
  • Coastal nutrient eutrophication is often considered to be primarily responsible for the increased number of high-biomass HAB occurrences in marine, brackish and freshwater habitats (Heisler et al. (globalhab.info)
  • 2. Eutrophication and Warming Boost Cyanobacterial Biomass and Microcystins. (nih.gov)
  • One of the negative impacts of eutrophication and increased algal growth is a loss of available oxygen, known as anoxia. (projectbaseline.org)
  • According to the definition of eutrophication , eutrophication is caused by enrichment of the water by inorganic nutrients. (dmu.dk)
  • Eutrophication is the process of enrichment of lakes with nutrients, and the associated biological and physical changes. (nih.gov)
  • Systematically recording consequences of eutrophication at reefs, springs, lakes, and rivers across the world - Project Baseline Database . (projectbaseline.org)
  • Eutrophication is devastating to animals and plants living in affected water bodies (lakes, rivers, springs, estuaries, even coral reefs), and often devastating to the economies of the surrounding communities as well. (projectbaseline.org)
  • Will nutrient and light limitation prevent eutrophication in an anthropogenically-impacted coastal lagoon? (ualg.pt)
  • The project conducted the third application of the ⁠ OSPAR ⁠ Common Procedue for the assessment of the eutrophication status of the German coastal and marine waters of the North Sea, based on data from 2009-2014. (umweltbundesamt.de)
  • As a result of the eutrophication assessment, 6 % of Germany's national waters were assessed as not suffering from eutrophication, 39 % were eutrophic and 55% could not be assessed due to a lack of data. (umweltbundesamt.de)
  • Results of search for 'su:{Eutrophication. (who.int)
  • Evaluation of the water quality and the eutrophication risk in Ramsar site on Moroccan northern Mediterranean (Marchica lagoon): A multivariate statistical approach. (bvsalud.org)
  • This study aimed to assess the extent of eutrophication in the Marchica lagoon , using the trophic index (TRIX), trophic status index (TSI) and Redfield ratio (N/P). Seawater samples were collected monthly from March 2018 to February 2019 from ten locations in the lagoon . (bvsalud.org)
  • Given these findings, urgent conservation and management measures are recommended to address the eutrophication issues threatening the delicate balance of the Marchica lagoon . (bvsalud.org)
  • Eutrophication is a naturally occurring process which depletes the oxygen levels in a body of water. (greentumble.com)
  • Eutrophication is a natural, slow-aging process for a water body, but human activity greatly speeds up the process. (freshwaterlife.org)
  • Natural eutrophication is a gradual process that takes place over a long period of time - even centuries. (greentumble.com)
  • As a result, eutrophication can quickly remove much of the oxygen from the water, leading to an anoxic - and lethal - underwater environment. (projectbaseline.org)
  • If eutrophication gets to the critical point of mass dying in the water, the microbes responsible for breaking down the dead bodies need oxygen to do their work, thus contributing further to oxygen depletion . (greentumble.com)
  • Certain fish such as salmon and trout need high levels of dissolved oxygen to survive and so a substantial number of fish kills are caused by eutrophication. (ecos.ie)
  • However, human activity has raised eutrophication in coastal regions, and this has made bigger areas of anoxic waters on the seafloor. (azocleantech.com)
  • Eutrophication is the enhanced primary production of marine algae due to excessive supply of nutrients from human activities, independent of the natural productivity level of the sea area in question. (econbiz.de)
  • Investigate the link of eutrophication-induced HABs and deoxygenation processes in marine coastal and oceanic ecosystems, and the potential future trends related to the climate change as well. (globalhab.info)
  • Eutrophication has become a very important problem particularly in heavily populated parts of North America and Europe and it has a range of devastating effects. (greentumble.com)
  • Despite the knowledge we have gained throughout the years, more cases of eutrophication are documented every year. (greentumble.com)
  • Operational monitoring of eutrophication including the SmartBuoy network and other autonomous data sources' by Dr David Mills, CEFAS. (fwr.org)
  • This described the SmartBuoy network and provided results together with a view on how other autonomous data sources (e.g. satellites and ferrybox) can be integrated to improve assessments of eutrophication. (fwr.org)
  • Eutrophication can also make environmental conditions more favorable to invasive species due to the change in the nutrient balance of the water body. (greentumble.com)