Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte
Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte
Immunodominant Epitopes
Amino Acid Sequence
Molecular Sequence Data
Cross Reactions
Antibody Specificity
T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic
Peptide Fragments
Neutralization Tests
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Peptides
HLA-A2 Antigen
HLA-A Antigens
Antigen Presentation
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Binding Sites, Antibody
Antibodies, Neutralizing
Autoantigens
Immunization
Peptide Library
Autoantibodies
Viral Envelope Proteins
Immunoglobulin G
T-Lymphocytes
Vaccines, Synthetic
Histocompatibility Antigens Class I
HIV-1
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Hybridomas
Protein Conformation
HLA-B7 Antigen
HLA-A3 Antigen
Lymphocyte Activation
Antigenic Variation
Antigens, Neoplasm
Antibody Affinity
Binding, Competitive
Antigens, Protozoan
HIV Antigens
Recombinant Fusion Proteins
Viral Vaccines
HLA-DR Antigens
HLA-B Antigens
Molecular Mimicry
HIV Envelope Protein gp120
Antibodies
Vaccines, DNA
AIDS Vaccines
Immune Sera
Protein Binding
Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins
Base Sequence
Interferon-gamma
Rabbits
Models, Molecular
B-Lymphocytes
Antigen-Antibody Reactions
HLA Antigens
Species Specificity
HLA-A24 Antigen
Clone Cells
Histocompatibility Antigens Class II
HLA-A11 Antigen
Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
Allergens
T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer
Antigens, Surface
Glycoproteins
Immunoblotting
Vaccines, Subunit
Blotting, Western
HLA-B35 Antigen
Antibody Formation
Antigen-Antibody Complex
env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Cancer Vaccines
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Protein Structure, Tertiary
Vaccination
Mice, Transgenic
HIV Envelope Protein gp41
Vaccinia virus
Binding Sites
Gliadin
Gene Products, gag
Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay
Sequence Alignment
Conserved Sequence
HLA-DQ Antigens
Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic
HLA-A1 Antigen
Cells, Cultured
Flow Cytometry
Peptide Mapping
Glycosylation
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
Gene Products, env
gp100 Melanoma Antigen
HLA-DRB1 Chains
Antigen-Presenting Cells
Vaccines
Carbohydrate Sequence
Viral Core Proteins
Fluorescent Antibody Technique
Major Histocompatibility Complex
Cell Line, Transformed
Histocompatibility Antigen H-2D
Immunoassay
gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Genes, MHC Class I
HLA-DR4 Antigen
T-Cell Antigen Receptor Specificity
Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments
Bacterial Vaccines
Antigens, CD4
HIV Infections
Mutation
Cloning, Molecular
Immunoglobulin E
Leukocytes, Mononuclear
Cattle
Viral Matrix Proteins
Alleles
Amino Acid Substitution
Dendritic Cells
HLA-DRB4 Chains
Plasmodium falciparum
Computational Biology
Immunity, Cellular
Tumor Cells, Cultured
HLA-D Antigens
Immunologic Memory
Structure-Activity Relationship
Macaca mulatta
Genetic Vectors
Immunization, Passive
Immunotherapy
Microscopy, Immunoelectron
Mice, Inbred Strains
Immunosorbent Techniques
Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus
Mucins
Glycoconjugates
Oligosaccharides
Simian immunodeficiency virus
Oncogene Proteins, Viral
Influenza A virus
Serotyping
Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 8
HLA-DR1 Antigen
Autoimmune Diseases
Viral Structural Proteins
Radioimmunoassay
Melanoma
Antigens, CD15
Glutamate Decarboxylase
HLA-DP Antigens
Functional activities and epitope specificity of human and murine antibodies against the class 4 outer membrane protein (Rmp) of Neisseria meningitidis. (1/16637)
Antibodies against the class 4 outer membrane protein (OMP) from Neisseria meningitidis have been purified from sera from vaccinees immunized with the Norwegian meningococcal group B outer membrane vesicle vaccine. The human sera and purified antibodies reacted strongly with the class 4 OMP in immunoblots, whereas experiments with whole bacteria showed only weak reactions, indicating that the antibodies mainly reacted with parts of the class 4 molecule that were not exposed. The purified human anti-class 4 OMP antibodies and the monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were neither bactericidal nor opsonic against live meningococci. Three new MAbs against the class 4 OMP were generated and compared with other, previously described MAbs. Three linear epitopes in different regions of the class 4 OMP were identified by the reaction of MAbs with synthetic peptides. The MAbs showed no blocking effect on bactericidal activity of MAbs against other OMPs. However, one of the eight purified human anti-class 4 OMP antibody preparations, selected from immunoblot reactions among sera from 27 vaccinees, inhibited at high concentrations the bactericidal effect of a MAb against the class 1 OMP. However, these antibodies were not vaccine induced, as they were present also before vaccination. Therefore, this study gave no evidence that vaccination with a meningococcal outer membrane vesicle vaccine containing the class 4 OMP induces blocking antibodies. Our data indicated that the structure of class 4 OMP does not correspond to standard beta-barrel structures of integral OMPs and that no substantial portion of the OmpA-like C-terminal region of this protein is located at the surface of the outer membrane. (+info)Salivary mucin MG1 is comprised almost entirely of different glycosylated forms of the MUC5B gene product. (2/16637)
The MG1 population of mucins was isolated from human whole salivas by gel chromatography followed by isopycnic density gradient centrifugation. The reduced and alkylated MG1 mucins, separated by anion exchange chromatography, were of similar size (radius of gyration 55-64 nm) and molecular weight (2.5-2.9 x 10(6) Da). Two differently-charged populations of MG1 subunits were observed which showed different reactivity with monoclonal antibodies to glycan epitopes. Monosaccharide and amino acid compositional analyses indicated that the MG1 subunits had similar glycan structures on the same polypeptide. An antiserum recognizing the MUC5B mucin was reactive across the entire distribution, whereas antisera raised against the MUC2 and MUC5AC mucins showed no reactivity. Western blots of agarose gel electrophoresis of fractions across the anion exchange distribution indicated that the polypeptide underlying the mucins was the product of the MUC5B gene. Amino acid analysis and peptide mapping performed on the fragments produced by trypsin digestion of the two MG1 populations yielded data similar to that obtained for MUC5B mucin subunits prepared from respiratory mucus (Thornton et al., 1997) and confirmed that the MUC5B gene product was the predominant mucin polypeptide present. Isolation of the MG1 mucins from the secretions of the individual salivary glands (palatal, sublingual, and submandibular) indicate that the palatal gland is the source of the highly charged population of the MUC5B mucin. (+info)Expression of trophinin, tastin, and bystin by trophoblast and endometrial cells in human placenta. (3/16637)
Trophinin, tastin, and bystin comprise a complex mediating a unique homophilic cell adhesion between trophoblast and endometrial epithelial cells at their respective apical cell surfaces. In this study, we prepared mouse monoclonal antibodies specific to each of these molecules. The expression of these molecules in the human placenta was examined immunohistochemically using the antibodies. In placenta from the 6th week of pregnancy, trophinin and bystin were found in the cytoplasm of the syncytiotrophoblast in the chorionic villi, and in endometrial decidual cells at the utero placental interface. Tastin was exclusively present on the apical side of the syncytiotrophoblast. Tissue sections were also examined by in situ hybridization using RNA probes specific to each of these molecules. This analysis showed that trophoblast and endometrial epithelial cells at the utero placental interface express trophinin, tastin, and bystin. In wk 10 placenta, trophinin and bystin were found in the intravillous cytotrophoblast, while tastin was not found in the villi. After wk 10, levels of all three proteins decreased and then disappeared from placental villi. (+info)Protection against lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection induced by a reduced peptide bond analogue of the H-2Db-restricted CD8(+) T cell epitope GP33. (4/16637)
Recent investigations have suggested that pseudopeptides containing modified peptide bonds might advantageously replace natural peptides in therapeutic strategies. We have generated eight reduced peptide bond Psi(CH2-NH) analogues corresponding to the H-2Db-restricted CD8(+) T cell epitope (called GP33) of the glycoprotein of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. One of these pseudopeptides, containing a reduced peptide bond between residues 6 and 7 (Psi(6-7)), displayed very similar properties of binding to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and recognition by T cell receptor transgenic T cells specific for GP33 when compared with the parent peptide. We assessed in vitro and in vivo the proteolytic resistance of GP33 and Psi(6-7) and analyzed its contribution to the priming properties of these peptides. The Psi(6-7) analogue exhibited a dramatically increased proteolytic resistance when compared with GP33, and we show for the first time that MHC-peptide complexes formed in vivo with a pseudopeptide display a sustained half-life compared with the complexes formed with the natural peptide. Furthermore, in contrast to immunizations with GP33, three injections of Psi(6-7) in saline induced significant antiviral protection in mice. The enhanced ability of Psi(6-7) to induce antiviral protection may result from the higher stability of the analogue and/or of the MHC-analogue complexes. (+info)Use of RhD fusion protein expressed on K562 cell surface in the study of molecular basis for D antigenic epitopes. (5/16637)
The human D antigens, one of the most clinically important blood groups, are presented by RhD protein with a putative 12 transmembrane topology. To understand the molecular basis for the complex antigenic profile of RhD protein, we expressed a series of RhD fusion proteins using different portions of Duffy protein as a tag in erythroleukemic K562 cells. Because the reactivity of monoclonal anti-RhD antibody, LOR15C9, depends mainly on the sequence coded by exon 7 of RhD, we altered DNA sequence corresponding to the amino acid residues 323-331(A) and 350-354(B) in the exon 7. The mutation in region B resulted in a severe reduction in LOR15C9 binding by flow cytometry analysis, suggesting that region B may play an important role in constituting antigen epitopes recognized by LOR15C9. On the other hand, a slight decrease in the antibody binding was observed for the region A mutant, suggesting that the intracellularly located region A may elicit a long distance effect on the formation of exofacial antigen epitopes. In addition, using various monoclonal antibodies against RhD, we compared the antigenic profile of expressed RhD fusion protein with that of endogenous RhD in K562 cells as well as in erythrocytes. (+info)Goodpasture antigen: expression of the full-length alpha3(IV) chain of collagen IV and localization of epitopes exclusively to the noncollagenous domain. (6/16637)
BACKGROUND: Tissue injury in Goodpasture (GP) syndrome (rapidly progressive glomerular nephritis and pulmonary hemorrhage) is mediated by antibasement membrane antibodies that are targeted to the alpha3(IV) chain of type IV collagen, one of five alpha(IV) chains that occur in the glomerular basement membrane. GP antibodies are known to bind epitopes within the carboxyl terminal noncollagenous domain (NC1) of the alpha3(IV) chain, termed the GP autoantigen. Whether epitopes also exist in the 1400-residue collagenous domain is unknown because studies to date have focused solely on the NC1 domain. A knowledge of GP epitopes is important for the understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease and for the development of therapeutic strategies. METHODS: A cDNA construct was prepared for the full-length human alpha3(IV) chain. The construct was stably transfected into human embryonic kidney 293 cells. The purified full-length r-alpha3(IV) chain was characterized by electrophoresis and electron microscopy. The capacity of this chain for binding of GP antibodies from five patients was compared with that of the human r-alpha3(IV)NC1 domain by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The r-alpha3(IV) chain was secreted from 293 cells as a single polypeptide chain that did not spontaneously undergo assembly into a triple-helical molecule. An analysis of GP-antibody binding to the full-length r-alpha3(IV) chain showed binding exclusively to the globular NC1 domain. CONCLUSION: The full-length human alpha3(IV) chain possesses the capacity to bind GP autoantibodies. The epitope(s) is found exclusively on the nontriple-helical NC1 domain of the alpha3(IV) chain, indicating the presence of specific immunogenic properties. The alpha3(IV) chain alone does not spontaneously undergo assembly into a triple-helical homotrimeric molecule, suggesting that coassembly with either the alpha4(IV) and/or the alpha5(IV) chain may be required for triple-helix formation. (+info)Identification of the human melanoma-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan antigen epitope recognized by the antitumor monoclonal antibody 763.74 from a peptide phage library. (7/16637)
To identify the epitope of the melanoma-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (MCSP) recognized by the monoclonal antibody (mAb) 763.74, we first expressed random DNA fragments obtained from the complete coding sequence of the MCSP core glycoproteins in phages and selected without success for binders to the murine mAb 763.74. We then used a library of random heptapeptides displayed at the surface of the filamentous M13 phage as fusion protein to the NH2-terminal portion of the minor coat protein III. After three rounds of selection on the bound mAb, several phages displaying related binding peptides were identified, yielding the consensus sequence Val-His-Leu-Asn-Tyr-Glu-His. Competitive ELISA experiments showed that this peptide can be specifically prevented from binding to mAb 763.74 by an anti-idiotypic MK2-23 mouse:human chimeric mAb and by A375 melanoma cells expressing the antigen MCSP. We screened the amino acid sequence of the MCSP molecule for a region of homology to the consensus sequence and found that the amino acid sequence Val-His-Ile-Asn-Ala-His spanning positions 289 and 294 has high homology. Synthetic linear peptides corresponding to the consensus sequence as well as to the MCSP-derived epitope inhibit the binding of mAb 763.74 to the phages displaying the consensus amino acid sequence. Finally, the biotinylated consensus peptide absorbed to streptavidin-microtiter plates can be used for the detection of mAb 763.74 in human serum. These results show clearly that the MCSP epitope defined by mAb 763.74 has been identified. (+info)Induction of lasting complete regression of preformed distinct solid tumors by targeting the tumor vasculature using two new anti-endoglin monoclonal antibodies. (8/16637)
Endoglin (EDG, CD105) is a proliferation-associated antigen on endothelial cells. In this study, two new anti-EDG monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) Y4-2F1 (or termed SN6j) and P3-2G8 (SN6k) were generated and used for treating distinct preformed tumors. These mAbs, both IgG1-kappa antibodies, cross-reacted weakly with mouse endothelial cells but defined epitopes different from the epitope defined by a previously reported anti-EDG mAb K4-2C10 (B. K. Seon et al., Clin. Cancer Res., 3: 1031-1044, 1997). SN6j and SN6k reacted strongly with human endothelial cells and vascular endothelium of malignant human tissues but showed no significant reactivity with tumor cells per se. The deglycosylated ricin A chain (dgRA) conjugates of the two mAbs showed a weak but specific cytotoxic activity against murine endothelial cells in vitro. In the therapeutic studies, severe combined immunodeficient mice were inoculated s.c. with MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and left untreated until palpable tumors of distinct size (4-6 mm in diameter) appeared. Mice with the distinct tumors were treated by i.v. administration of individual anti-EDG conjugates, unconjugated mAbs, or a control conjugate. Long-lasting complete regression of the tumors was induced in the majority of tumor-bearing mice (n = 8 for each conjugate) when 40 microg of the individual conjugates were administered three times via the tail vein. It is remarkable that the tumors remained regressed without further therapy for as long as the mice were followed (i.e., 100 days). Control conjugate did not induce regression of the tumors in any of the treated mice, although weak nonspecific effects were observed in some of the mice (n = 8). The effects of unconjugated mAbs were small with the dose used, i.e., 34 microg three times. The anti-EDG conjugates showed antiangiogenic activity in the dorsal air sac assay in mice. The results suggest good potential of these conjugates for the clinical application. (+info)HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection is a condition in which the body is infected with HIV, a type of retrovirus that attacks the body's immune system. HIV infection can lead to AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), a condition in which the immune system is severely damaged and the body is unable to fight off infections and diseases.
There are several ways that HIV can be transmitted, including:
1. Sexual contact with an infected person
2. Sharing of needles or other drug paraphernalia with an infected person
3. Mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding
4. Blood transfusions ( although this is rare in developed countries due to screening processes)
5. Organ transplantation (again, rare)
The symptoms of HIV infection can be mild at first and may not appear until several years after infection. These symptoms can include:
1. Fever
2. Fatigue
3. Swollen glands in the neck, armpits, and groin
4. Rash
5. Muscle aches and joint pain
6. Night sweats
7. Diarrhea
8. Weight loss
If left untreated, HIV infection can progress to AIDS, which is a life-threatening condition that can cause a wide range of symptoms, including:
1. Opportunistic infections (such as pneumocystis pneumonia)
2. Cancer (such as Kaposi's sarcoma)
3. Wasting syndrome
4. Neurological problems (such as dementia and seizures)
HIV infection is diagnosed through a combination of blood tests and physical examination. Treatment typically involves antiretroviral therapy (ART), which is a combination of medications that work together to suppress the virus and slow the progression of the disease.
Prevention methods for HIV infection include:
1. Safe sex practices, such as using condoms and dental dams
2. Avoiding sharing needles or other drug-injecting equipment
3. Avoiding mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding
4. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), which is a short-term treatment that can prevent infection after potential exposure to the virus
5. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), which is a daily medication that can prevent infection in people who are at high risk of being exposed to the virus.
It's important to note that HIV infection is manageable with proper treatment and care, and that people living with HIV can lead long and healthy lives. However, it's important to be aware of the risks and take steps to prevent transmission.
Examples of autoimmune diseases include:
1. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): A condition where the immune system attacks the joints, leading to inflammation, pain, and joint damage.
2. Lupus: A condition where the immune system attacks various body parts, including the skin, joints, and organs.
3. Hashimoto's thyroiditis: A condition where the immune system attacks the thyroid gland, leading to hypothyroidism.
4. Multiple sclerosis (MS): A condition where the immune system attacks the protective covering of nerve fibers in the central nervous system, leading to communication problems between the brain and the rest of the body.
5. Type 1 diabetes: A condition where the immune system attacks the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, leading to high blood sugar levels.
6. Guillain-Barré syndrome: A condition where the immune system attacks the nerves, leading to muscle weakness and paralysis.
7. Psoriasis: A condition where the immune system attacks the skin, leading to red, scaly patches.
8. Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis: Conditions where the immune system attacks the digestive tract, leading to inflammation and damage to the gut.
9. Sjögren's syndrome: A condition where the immune system attacks the glands that produce tears and saliva, leading to dry eyes and mouth.
10. Vasculitis: A condition where the immune system attacks the blood vessels, leading to inflammation and damage to the blood vessels.
The symptoms of autoimmune diseases vary depending on the specific disease and the organs or tissues affected. Common symptoms include fatigue, fever, joint pain, skin rashes, and swollen lymph nodes. Treatment for autoimmune diseases typically involves medication to suppress the immune system and reduce inflammation, as well as lifestyle changes such as dietary changes and stress management techniques.
There are several types of melanoma, including:
1. Superficial spreading melanoma: This is the most common type of melanoma, accounting for about 70% of cases. It usually appears as a flat or slightly raised discolored patch on the skin.
2. Nodular melanoma: This type of melanoma is more aggressive and accounts for about 15% of cases. It typically appears as a raised bump on the skin, often with a darker color.
3. Acral lentiginous melanoma: This type of melanoma affects the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, or nail beds and accounts for about 5% of cases.
4. Lentigo maligna melanoma: This type of melanoma usually affects the face and is more common in older adults.
The risk factors for developing melanoma include:
1. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure from the sun or tanning beds
2. Fair skin, light hair, and light eyes
3. A history of sunburns
4. Weakened immune system
5. Family history of melanoma
The symptoms of melanoma can vary depending on the type and location of the cancer. Common symptoms include:
1. Changes in the size, shape, or color of a mole
2. A new mole or growth on the skin
3. A spot or sore that bleeds or crusts over
4. Itching or pain on the skin
5. Redness or swelling around a mole
If melanoma is suspected, a biopsy will be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment options for melanoma depend on the stage and location of the cancer and may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of these. Early detection and treatment are key to successful outcomes in melanoma cases.
In conclusion, melanoma is a type of skin cancer that can be deadly if not detected early. It is important to practice sun safety, perform regular self-exams, and seek medical attention if any suspicious changes are noticed on the skin. By being aware of the risk factors, symptoms, and treatment options for melanoma, individuals can take steps to protect themselves from this potentially deadly disease.
Cryptic self epitopes
Epitope
Linear epitope
Conformational epitope
Epitope mapping
Epitope binning
Immune Epitope Database and Analysis Resource
Paucimannosylation
Antigen-presenting cell
Immunofluorescence
HLA-A9
Cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants
HLA-B49
HLA-B50
Lupus
Immunodominance
Recombinant subunit vaccine
Computational immunology
Immune system
HLA-DR1
Alessandro Sette
HLA-DRB1
Rheumatoid arthritis
Major urinary proteins
Proteus penneri
Vasant Honavar
Odotope theory
Ovomucoid
Coronavirus spike protein
Peptide vaccine
Transposon-gene chimeras move up as cancer epitopes | Nature Biotechnology
Generation of Multi-Epitope Specific T Cells for Cancer Therapy - NCI
Bioinformatics analysis and characteristics of envelop glycoprotein E epitopes of dengue virus
Galactosylated Fucose Epitopes in Nematodes - Research Collection
Enterococcus faecalis epitopes - Immune Epitope Database (IEDB)
Rapid TCR:Epitope Ranker (RAPTER): a primary human T cell reactivity screening assay pairing epitope and TCR at single cell...
Cancer vaccines and carbohydrate epitopes - PubMed
RFA-AI-11-013: Allergen Epitope Research and Validation Cnters (U19)
Vaccines | Free Full-Text | Proteome-Wide Mapping and Reverse Vaccinology Approaches to Design a Multi-Epitope Vaccine against...
epitope | Synonyms, antonyms, and rhymes | Big Huge Thesaurus
Outflanking immunodominance to target subdominant broadly neutralizing epitopes - PubMed
SARS-CoV-2 epitopes are recognized by a public and diverse repertoire of human T-cell receptors | medRxiv
Ultra-LEAF Purified anti-HA.11 Epitope Tag Antibody anti-HA.11 - 16B12
Transient expression of fusion gene coding for the HPV-16 epitopes fused to the sequence of potyvirus coat protein using...
Prediction of immunogenic epitopes--is it feasible? - Fingerprint - Northwestern Scholars
Epitopes of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis 70 kDa heat-shock protein activate bovine helper T cells in outbred...
Antibodies Against Tumor Antigens or Mucin Epitopes in Ovarian Cancer
Toxin-neutralizing antibodies elicited by naturally acquired cutaneous anthrax are elevated following severe disease and appear...
EPITOPE-BETA MICROGLOBULIN POLYNUCLEOTIDE FOR ANTI-CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY
Epitope focusing in the primary cytotoxic T cell response to Epstein-Barr virus and its relationship to T cell memory. |...
New High Affinity Monoclonal Antibodies Recognize Non-Overlapping Epitopes On Mesothelin For Monitoring And Treating...
Immunodominant protein epitopes. I. Induction of suppression to hen egg white lysozyme is obliterated by removal of the first...
Automatic generation of validated specific epitope sets
LT adjuvant modulates epitope specificity and improves the efficacy of murine antibodies elicited by sublingual vaccination...
"The two-faced T cell epitope: Examining the host-microbe interface wit" by Leonard Moise, Andres H. Gutierrez et al.
Epitopes | Profiles RNS
Epitope-specific anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies: Do they matter? Can they be detected?<...
Gain of structure and IgE epitopes by eukaryotic expression of the major Timothy grass pollen allergen, Phl p 1 - Fingerprint
...
"Mapping of specific and promiscuous HLA-DR-restricted T-cell epitopes " by Carmen E. Contreras, Isabelle N. Ploton et al.
Peptide6
- Identification of the peptide epitope recognized by VHH05 places it outside the E2 catalytic core, close to the position of activation-induced phosphorylation on Ser184. (biorxiv.org)
- A single 9-amino acid peptide of the defined murine cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope (named peptide-1), which corresponds to the amino acid residues 298-306 (GYISTRVEM) of NS3 of dengue virus serotypes DEN-2 and 4, was examined for induction of specific CTLs. (who.int)
- These results indicate that immunization with dengue virus-derived CTL epitope peptide induces specific CTLs, and that DC can be used as a vehicle for the modified epitope peptide. (who.int)
- It is important to analyse peptide-1 and 96.2% for the peptide-2 by CTL responses elicited by a single epitope in reverse phase HPLC. (who.int)
- The immunogenic peptide, which binds to the HLA-A11 epitope, was identified in a patient with metastatic RCC that under went an investigational allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. (nih.gov)
- To study the effect of vaccination against generic oligomer epitopes, Aβ oligomers, islet amyloid polypeptide oligomers, random peptide oligomer (3A), and Aβ fibrils were used to vaccinate 3xTg-AD, which develop a progressive accumulation of plaques and cognitive impairment. (nih.gov)
Vaccine6
- In summary, RAPTER identifies low-frequency T cell reactivities using primary cells from low blood volumes, and the resulting paired TCR:ligand information can directly enable immunogenic antigen selection from limited patient samples for vaccine epitope inclusion, antigen-specific TCR tracking, and TCR cloning for further therapeutic development. (nih.gov)
- DNA vaccine) in which the lymphocytes (CTLs) are known to play an epitope gene is incorporated. (who.int)
- Using the interactive vaccine design computational platform iVAX, we discovered a highly conserved, human-like T cell epitope in non-structural protein 7 (NSP7) of SARS-COV-2, which is a critical part of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase hetero-tetramer complex, which is comprised by NSP7, two NSP8 molecules and the catalytic NSP12 required for coronavirus RNA synthesis. (epivax.com)
- We aimed to report a multi-epitope candidate vaccine chimera from Aedes aegyptii mosquito salivary proteins OBP 22 and OBP 10 that could confer protection against all pathogens transmitted by the vector. (who.int)
- Selected B- and T-cell epitopes were chosen for designing a multiepitope vaccine construct. (who.int)
- Results: A chimeric multiepitope vaccine was designed with the best-selected combination of immunogenic B-cell epitope, cytotoxic and helper T-cell and gamma interferon inducing epitopes with suitable adjuvant and linkers. (who.int)
Immunogenic2
- Prediction of immunogenic epitopes--is it feasible? (northwestern.edu)
- Dive into the research topics of 'Prediction of immunogenic epitopes--is it feasible? (northwestern.edu)
Alleles3
- As I understand, a deimmunization alogrithm can first predict all epitopes restricted by various MHC alleles in a protein and give the predicted IC50 of these epitopes, and then introduce mutaions in these epitopes so as to reduce the IC50 of the native epitopes. (rosettacommons.org)
- The presence of the RAA sequence at positions 72-74 of the HLA-DR β-chain molecule for all HLA-DRB1 alleles known to be associated with RA led to the shared epitope (SE) hypothesis [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- We tested both in vitro and found that Tregitope 289, the NSP7 epitope binds across multiple HLA-DRB1 supertype alleles in in vitro HLA class II binding assay. (epivax.com)
Cytotoxic1
- have CTL epitope expressed in host cells by infection with live viruses, or by Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) administration of an expression plasmid class I - restricted, CD8+ cytotoxic T vector (i.e. (who.int)
Monoclonal antibodies1
- In previous studies we developed a competition ELISA that assessed the ability of patient plasma to compete with biotinylated monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) with known epitopes for binding to fVIII. (nih.gov)
Influenza6
- The specificities of TCRs identified by RAPTER for MART1, EBV, and influenza epitopes were functionally confirmed in vitro. (nih.gov)
- The HA.11 antibody recognizes the influenza hemagglutinin epitope (YPYDVPDYA) which has been used extensively as a general epitope tag in expression vectors. (biolegend.com)
- Influenza Antigen Engineering Focuses Immune Responses to a Subdominant but Broadly Protective Viral Epitope. (duke.edu)
- Why Are CD8 T Cell Epitopes of Human Influenza A Virus Conserved? (nih.gov)
- The high degree of conservation of CD8 T cell epitopes of influenza A virus (IAV) may allow for the development of T cell-inducing vaccines that provide protection across different strains and subtypes. (nih.gov)
- IMPORTANCE Universal influenza vaccines against the conserved epitopes of influenza A virus have been proposed to minimize the burden of seasonal outbreaks and prepare for the pandemics. (nih.gov)
Antigen4
- Here, we present the Rapid TCR:Epitope Ranker (RAPTER) assay, a single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-SEQ) method that uses primary human T cells and antigen presenting cells (APCs) to assess functional T cell reactivity. (nih.gov)
- Regions on the antigen which are recognized by the antibodies are called epitopes , and the respective molecular counterpart of the epitope on the mAbs is called paratope . (bvsalud.org)
- The present invention discloses peptides and antigen epitopes specific for RCC for use in the diagnosis, vaccination, or adoptive infusion of antigen specific T cells to treat patients with metastatic RCC. (nih.gov)
- Expression and sequencing studies revealed that the patient's T-cells recognize an antigen epitope derived from a human endogenous retrovirus (HERV). (nih.gov)
Antibody8
- Total cell lysate (15 µg protein) from CHO (lane 1) and CHO stably transfected with HA tag fused protein (lane 2) were resolved by electrophoresis (4-12% Bis-Tris gel), transferred to nitrocellulose, and probed with 1:1000 diluted (1 µg/mL), 1:4000 diluted (0.25 µg/mL) and 1:10000 diluted (0.1 µg/mL) purified anti-HA.11 Epitope Tag antibody (clone 16B12) (upper). (biolegend.com)
- The HA.11 antibody recognizes HA epitopes located in the middle of protein sequences as well as at the N- or C-terminus. (biolegend.com)
- We found that glycan addition changed the initially diverse antibody repertoire into an epitope-focused, genetically restricted response. (duke.edu)
- Structural analyses showed that one antibody gene family targeted a previously subdominant, occluded epitope at the head interface. (duke.edu)
- Comparison of serum binding to overlapping decapeptides covering the entire length of PA, LF and EF proteins in 26 cases compared to 8 regional controls revealed that anthrax toxin-neutralizing antibody responses elicited following natural cutaneous anthrax infection are directed to conformational epitopes. (listlabs.com)
- Within the C2 domain, antibody epitope was more important than inhibitory titer in predicting response to fVIII treatment in a murine in vivo bleeding model. (nih.gov)
- The high volume of plasma needed for each monoclonal antibody assessed restricts the use of this assay to map a limited number of epitopes from a single plasma sample. (nih.gov)
- The anti-fVIII MAbs in this study were 4 anti-A2 antibodies with non-overlapping epitopes (A2-A, A2-B, A2-D, A2-E) and 3 anti-C2 antibodies with non-overlapping epitopes(C2-A, C2-B, C2-C) as well as one inhibitory antibody from both the A3 and C1 domains. (nih.gov)
MAbs1
- Knowing the epitope is a valuable information for the development or improvement of biological products , e.g., diagnostic assays, therapeutic mAbs, and vaccines , as well as for the elucidation of immune responses . (bvsalud.org)
Protein7
- Two epitopes of DEN-2 and one of DEN-1 locate on the domain Ш and domainⅡ of the protein E, respectively. (scirp.org)
- Using hash-tag oligonucleotide (HTO) coding and T cell activation-induced markers (AIM), RAPTER defines paired epitope specificity and TCR sequence and can include RNA- and protein-level T cell phenotype information. (nih.gov)
- How to use MHC Epitope energy (mhc_epitope) to deimmunize a protein structure? (rosettacommons.org)
- Transient expression of fusion gene coding for the HPV-16 epitopes fused to the sequence of potyvirus coat protein using different means of inoculation of Nicotiana benthamiana and Brassica rapa, cv. (cas.cz)
- We describe the effect of different means of inoculation of Nicotiana benthamiana plants on the amount of transiently expressed fusion gene coding for the Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) epitopes fused to the sequence of recombinant Potato virus A coat protein (ACP). (cas.cz)
- Epitope derived from minor capsid protein L2 was expressed as an N-terminal fusion with ACP while an epitope derived from E7 oncoprotein was fused to its C-terminus. (cas.cz)
- Given the number of non-overlapping epitopes identified on the fVIII protein, the goal of this study was to modify the previous competition ELISA to better define the diversity of the immune response to fVIII using a clinically feasible volume of plasma. (nih.gov)
Responses7
- The purpose of this FOA is to capitalize on the availability of well characterized T cell allergen epitopes to study allergen-specific immune responses. (nih.gov)
- Limited novel T cell allergen epitope identification will also be supported under this FOA, but only as a companion to, and extension of, mechanistic studies of T cell responses to existing allergen epitopes. (nih.gov)
- The National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) invites new applications from single institutions, or consortia of institutions, to participate in research using T cell allergen epitopes to examine human T cell immune responses during the progression of, and/or changes in the severity of, allergic diseases that have high public health impact (e.g., allergic rhinitis, asthma, food allergy). (nih.gov)
- Applicants are encouraged to submit research programs that propose to validate and study immune responses to allergens at the level of epitope-specific T cell subsets. (nih.gov)
- These results have potential implications for next-generation viral vaccines aimed at directing B cell responses to preferred epitope(s). (duke.edu)
- We also validated the suppressive capacity of the NSP7 epitope in our bystander suppression assays for CD4 T and CD8 T memory responses using PBMCs from an HLA-DRB1-diverse cohort. (epivax.com)
- Finally, infection with CD8 T cell escape variants may result in a compensatory increase in the responses to other epitopes of IAV. (nih.gov)
Vitro1
- Identification and in vitro validation of the immunosuppressive NSP7 epitope of SARS-COV-2 may provide insight into the mechanisms by which pathogens can evade immune response and provide insight into the role of Tregs in COVID-19, which remains to be determined. (epivax.com)
Peptides1
- From 28 calves experimentally infected with MAP 82% responded to at least one of the 5 most immunodominant peptides, indicating relevance of the epitopes during infection. (uu.nl)
Infection1
- The other is essential role in the recovery from viral immunization with a defined CTL epitope infection by lysing virus-infected cells [1] . (who.int)
Affinity1
- This VHH should be useful not only to dissect the participation of UBC6e in ERAD and in response to cell stress, but also as a high affinity epitope tag-specific reagent of more general utility. (biorxiv.org)
Vaccination1
- These studies support the concept of vaccination approaches that preserve conformational epitopes. (listlabs.com)
Sequence1
- according to this model, RA is associated with the RAA shared epitope sequence (72-74 positions) and the association is modulated by the amino acids at positions 70 and 71, resulting in six genotypes with different RA risks. (biomedcentral.com)
Approaches1
- Analytical approaches confirm that the LM26 epitope is linked to sets of rhamnogalacturonan‐I and homogalacturonan molecules. (whiterose.ac.uk)
Assay2
- Despite the lower overall detection rate compared to the previous assay, our results highlight the diversity of epitope spectra present in patient plasmas with high inhibitory titers. (nih.gov)
- Given the success of detecting each of the 9 MAb epitopes in at least one patient plasma, work is ongoing to improve the sensitivity of this assay to further define differences in response between patients. (nih.gov)
Vaccines1
- Our mathematical models explore the factors that contribute to the conservation of CD8 T cell epitopes and how rapidly the virus will evolve in response to T cell-inducing vaccines. (nih.gov)
Mechanisms4
- Abstract: Pathogens can escape host defenses by interference with innate immune mechanisms, B-cell and T-cell epitope deletion and taking on human appearances, also known as immune camouflage. (epivax.com)
- For the published broad agency announcement, check the March 21, 2023 solicitation, Large-Scale T Cell Immune Epitope Discovery and Mechanisms of T Cell Protection . (nih.gov)
- Here, we propose three additional mechanisms that contribute to the conservation of CD8 T cell epitopes of IAV. (nih.gov)
- This first report on T-cell antigens and epitopes of M. immunogenum is significant as it is expected to open up avenues for understanding pathogenesis mechanisms and developing T-cell-based immunodiagnostic tools for this poorly investigated occupational lung disease. (cdc.gov)
Cells3
- Epitope validation is defined as the ability of these reagents to successfully track the numbers and functions of allergen-specific T cells in allergic humans during changes in their clinical conditions. (nih.gov)
- Identifying epitopes that T cells respond to is critical for understanding T cell-mediated immunity. (nih.gov)
- Transfected RBL1 cells expressing the HA tag on the cell surface were stained with purified anti-HA.11 epitope Tag (clone 16B12) (filled histogram) or purified mouse IgG1, κ isotype control (open histogram), followed by APC conjugated goat-anti-mouse IgG. (biolegend.com)
Characteristics1
- Within the A2 and C2 domains, we have identified non-overlapping epitopes with unique characteristics. (nih.gov)
Gene1
- Among the techniques used for epitope mapping , phage display is a versatile technology that allows the display of a library of oligopeptides or fragments from a single gene product on the phage surface, which then can interact with several antibodies to define epitopes . (bvsalud.org)
Detection2
- We demonstrate the specific detection of the LM26 branched galactan epitope, associated with rhamnogalacturonan‐I, in cell walls of ripe strawberry fruit. (whiterose.ac.uk)
- This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Posé, S. , Marcus, S. E. and Paul Knox, J. (2018), Differential metabolism of pectic galactan in tomato and strawberry fruit: detection of the LM26 branched galactan epitope in ripe strawberry fruit. (whiterose.ac.uk)
Validation2
- As part of the characterization and validation of these allergen T cell epitopes, there is a need to conduct mechanistic studies that focus on the progression and/or changes in the severity of seasonal or perennial allergic diseases (e.g. seasonal allergic rhinitis, asthma exacerbations triggered by pet dander), as well as the changes resulting from therapeutic intervention in allergic disease, such as immunotherapy for seasonal, perennial, or food allergies. (nih.gov)
- This initiative also seeks T cell epitope validation programs that include comparative or interventional studies in humans. (nih.gov)
PROTOCOLS1
- The Immunohistochemistry staff furnishes the protocols for heat-induced epitope retrieval and enzymatic epitope retrieval. (nih.gov)
Analyses1
- In situ analyses of ripe strawberry fruits indicate that the LM26 epitope is present in all primary cell walls and also particularly abundant in vascular tissues. (whiterose.ac.uk)
Specific1
- Programs should focus on mechanistic assessment of T cell allergen epitopes to illuminate the T cell phenotypes, their function and contribution to allergen-specific T-cell memory. (nih.gov)
Response1
- This diversity underscores the need to better understand the makeup of the immune response to fVIII in patients with hemophilia A at the individual epitope level. (nih.gov)
Single2
- In this chapter, a protocol for the construction of a single-target oligopeptide phage library , as well as for the panning procedure for epitope mapping using phage display is given. (bvsalud.org)
- Epitope mapping was performed using a modified competition ELISA utilizing a single biotinylated MAb concentration with patient plasma (~50 µl total for all experiments) diluted 1:40. (nih.gov)
Target1
- Most of the techniques for epitope mapping rely on the presentation of the target, or parts of it, in a way that it can interact with a certain mAb. (bvsalud.org)
Results1
- by adding the score function in the OUTPUT tag results in the "mhc_epitope" appearing in the score.sc, which is equal to 72. (rosettacommons.org)
Linear1
- Methods: Linear and conformation B-cell epitopes and MHC class-I and class-II binding T- cell epitopes were predicted using bioinformatic tools. (who.int)
Region1
- Remarkably, the epitope bears homology to a highly conserved regulatory T cell epitope (Tregitope) found in immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fc region (Tregitope 289). (epivax.com)
Remove1
- Looking at the docs, if you have only a few epitopes that you want to remove then the AddMHCEpitopeConstraintMover would be useful. (rosettacommons.org)