1984 accident in Bhopal, INDIA at a PESTICIDES facility, resulting when WATER entered a storage tank containing ISOCYANATES. The following accidental chemical release and uncontrolled reaction resulted in several thousand deaths.
Research techniques that focus on study designs and data gathering methods in human and animal populations.
The application of molecular biology to the answering of epidemiological questions. The examination of patterns of changes in DNA to implicate particular carcinogens and the use of molecular markers to predict which individuals are at highest risk for a disease are common examples.
Studies designed to examine associations, commonly, hypothesized causal relations. They are usually concerned with identifying or measuring the effects of risk factors or exposures. The common types of analytic study are CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; COHORT STUDIES; and CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES.
The form and structure of analytic studies in epidemiologic and clinical research.
Field of medicine concerned with the determination of causes, incidence, and characteristic behavior of disease outbreaks affecting human populations. It includes the interrelationships of host, agent, and environment as related to the distribution and control of disease.
An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.
Events, characteristics, or other definable entities that have the potential to bring about a change in a health condition or other defined outcome.
Enumerations of populations usually recording identities of all persons in every place of residence with age or date of birth, sex, occupation, national origin, language, marital status, income, relation to head of household, information on the dwelling place, education, literacy, health-related data (e.g., permanent disability), etc. The census or "numbering of the people" is mentioned several times in the Old Testament. Among the Romans, censuses were intimately connected with the enumeration of troops before and after battle and probably a military necessity. (From Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 3d ed; Garrison, An Introduction to the History of Medicine, 4th ed, p66, p119)
A structure found in plants, fungi, and algae, that produces and contains spores.
The science dealing with the earth and its life, especially the description of land, sea, and air and the distribution of plant and animal life, including humanity and human industries with reference to the mutual relations of these elements. (From Webster, 3d ed)
Number of individuals in a population relative to space.
Elements of residence that characterize a population. They are applicable in determining need for and utilization of health services.

Does risk factor epidemiology put epidemiology at risk? Peering into the future. (1/5889)

The multiple cause black box paradigm of the current risk factor era in epidemiology is growing less serviceable. This single level paradigm is likely to be displaced. The signs are that the growing strength of molecular epidemiology on the one side, and of a global epidemiology based on information systems on the other, will come to dominate epidemiology and segregate it into separate disciplines. At the same time, the links with public health interests grow weaker. A multilevel ecoepidemiology has the potential to bind these strands together.  (+info)

A method for calculating age-weighted death proportions for comparison purposes. (2/5889)

OBJECTIVE: To introduce a method for calculating age-weighted death proportions (wDP) for comparison purposes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A methodological study using secondary data from the municipality of Sao Paulo, Brazil (1980-1994) was carried out. First, deaths are weighted in terms of years of potential life lost before the age of 100 years. Then, in order to eliminate distortion of comparisons among proportions of years of potential life lost before the age of 100 years (pYPLL-100), the denominator is set to that of a standard age distribution of deaths for all causes. Conventional death proportions (DP), pYPLL-100, and wDP were calculated. RESULTS: Populations in which deaths from a particular cause occur at older ages exhibit lower wDP than those in which deaths occur at younger ages. The sum of all cause-specific wDP equals one only when the test population has exactly the same age distribution of deaths for all causes as that of the standard population. CONCLUSION: Age-weighted death proportions improve the information given by conventional DP, and are strongly recommended for comparison purposes.  (+info)

The meaning and use of the cumulative rate of potential life lost. (3/5889)

BACKGROUND: The 'years of potential life lost' (YPLL) is a public health measure in widespread use. However, the index does not apply to the comparisons between different populations or across different time periods. It also has the limit of being cross-sectional in nature, quantifying current burden but not future impact on society. METHODS: A new years-lost index is proposed-the 'cumulative rate of potential life lost' (CRPLL). It is a simple combination of the 'cumulative rate' (CR) and the YPLL. Vital statistics in Taiwan are used for demonstration and comparison of the new index with existing health-status measures. RESULTS: The CRPLL serves the purpose of between-group comparison. It can also be considered a projection of future impact, under the assumption that the age-specific mortality rates in the current year prevail. For a rare cause of death, it can be interpreted as the expected years (days) of potential life lost during a subject's lifetime. CONCLUSIONS: The CRPLL has several desirable properties, rendering it a promising alternative for quantifying health status.  (+info)

Influence of sampling on estimates of clustering and recent transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis derived from DNA fingerprinting techniques. (4/5889)

The availability of DNA fingerprinting techniques for Mycobacterium tuberculosis has led to attempts to estimate the extent of recent transmission in populations, using the assumption that groups of tuberculosis patients with identical isolates ("clusters") are likely to reflect recently acquired infections. It is never possible to include all cases of tuberculosis in a given population in a study, and the proportion of isolates found to be clustered will depend on the completeness of the sampling. Using stochastic simulation models based on real and hypothetical populations, the authors demonstrate the influence of incomplete sampling on the estimates of clustering obtained. The results show that as the sampling fraction increases, the proportion of isolates identified as clustered also increases and the variance of the estimated proportion clustered decreases. Cluster size is also important: the underestimation of clustering for any given sampling fraction is greater, and the variability in the results obtained is larger, for populations with small clusters than for those with the same number of individuals arranged in large clusters. A considerable amount of caution should be used in interpreting the results of studies on clustering of M. tuberculosis isolates, particularly when sampling fractions are small.  (+info)

Reliability of information on physical activity and other chronic disease risk factors among US women aged 40 years or older. (5/5889)

Data on chronic disease risk behaviors and related variables, including barriers to and attitudes toward physical activity, are lacking for women of some racial/ethnic groups. A test-retest study was conducted from July 1996 through June 1997 among US women (n = 199) aged 40 years or more who were white, black, American Indian/Alaska Native, or Hispanic. The sample was selected and interviews were conducted using a modified version of the methods of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. For behavioral risk factors such as physical inactivity, smoking, and low fruit and vegetable consumption, group prevalences were generally similar between interviews 1 and 2. However, kappa values for selected physical activity variables ranged from 0.26 to 0.51 and tended to be lower for black women. Discordance was low for variables on cigarette smoking and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (kappa = 0.64-0.92). Discordance was high (kappa = 0.33) for low consumption of fruits and vegetables. Additional variables for barriers to and access to exercise ranged widely across racial/ethnic groups and in terms of measures of agreement. These methods illustrate an efficient way to sample and assess the reliability of data collected from women of racial/ethnic minority groups.  (+info)

Measuring food insecurity and hunger in the United States: development of a national benchmark measure and prevalence estimates. (6/5889)

Since 1992, the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) has led a collaborative effort to develop a comprehensive benchmark measure of the severity and prevalence of food insecurity and hunger in the United States. Based on prior research and wide consultation, a survey instrument specifically relevant to U.S. conditions was designed and tested. Through its Current Population Survey (CPS), the U.S. Bureau of the Census has fielded this instrument each year since 1995. A measurement scale was derived from the data through fitting, testing and validating a Rasch scale. The unidimensional Rasch model corresponds to the form of the phenomenon being measured, i.e., the severity of food insufficiency due to inadequate resources as directly experienced and reported in U.S. households. A categorical measure reflecting designated ranges of severity on the scale was constructed for consistent comparison of prevalence estimates over time and across population groups. The technical basis and initial results of the new measure were reported in September 1997. For the 12 months ending April 1995, an estimated 11.9% of U.S. households (35 million persons) were food insecure. Among these, 4.1% of households (with 6.9 million adults and 4.3 million children) showed a recurring pattern of hunger due to inadequate resources for one or more of their adult and/or child members sometime during the period. The new measure has been incorporated into other federal surveys and is being used by researchers throughout the U.S. and Canada.  (+info)

Antimicrobial susceptibilities and plasmid contents of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates from commercial sex workers in Dhaka, Bangladesh: emergence of high-level resistance to ciprofloxacin. (7/5889)

Commercial sex workers (CSWs) serve as the most important reservoir of sexually transmitted diseases (STD), including gonorrhea. Periodic monitoring of the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in a high-risk population provides essential clues regarding the rapidly changing pattern of antimicrobial susceptibilities. A study concerning the prevalence of gonococcal infection among CSWs was conducted in Bangladesh. The isolates were examined with regards to their antimicrobial susceptibility to, and the MICs of, penicillin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, and spectinomycin by disk diffusion and agar dilution methods. The total plasmid profile of the isolates was also analyzed. Of the 224 CSWs, 94 (42%) were culture positive for N. gonorrhoeae. There was a good correlation between the results of the disk diffusion and agar dilution methods. Some 66% of the isolates were resistant to penicillin, and 34% were moderately susceptible to penicillin. Among the resistant isolates, 23.4% were penicillinase-producing N. gonorrhoeae (PPNG). 60.6% of the isolates were resistant and 38.3% were moderately susceptible to tetracycline, 17.5% were tetracycline-resistant N. gonorrhoeae, 11.7% were resistant and 26.6% had reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, 2.1% were resistant and 11.7% had reduced susceptibility to cefuroxime, and 1% were resistant to ceftriaxone. All PPNG isolates contained a 3.2-MDa African type of plasmid, and a 24.2-MDa conjugative plasmid was present in 34.1% of the isolates. Since quinolones such as ciprofloxacin are recommended as the first line of therapy for gonorrhea, the emergence of significant resistance to ciprofloxacin will limit the usefulness of this drug for treatment of gonorrhea in Bangladesh.  (+info)

Epidemiological analysis of site relationships of synchronous and metachronous multiple primary cancers in the National Cancer Center, Japan, 1962-1996. (8/5889)

BACKGROUND: Multiple primary cancer (MPC) has been recognized as a problem commonly encountered in routine medical practice. A study of MPC is necessary not only to provide insights into the etiology of cancer, but also to provide information for effective medical care by clinical oncologists. METHODS: A cohort of 49,751 cancer patients who were admitted to the National Cancer Center Hospital between 1962 and 1996 was used to study the site relationship of MPC. Logistic and Poisson regression analyses using an internal reference group within the cohort were applied for the calculation of the prevalence odds ratio (POR) for site relationships of synchronous MPC and the incidence rate ratio (IRR) for those of metachronous MPC. RESULTS: Three site combinations with elevated risks for both synchronous and metachronous MPCs, eight with elevated risk for synchronous MPC, five with elevated risk for metachronous MPC and six with decreased risk for synchronous MPC were identified with statistical significance. Among them, the increased risk of metachronous stomach cancer following lymphoma and myeoloma (POR = 1.0 and 1.1, P > 0.05; IRR = 2.5, P < 0.05) and the inverse site-correlation of synchronous MPC between [trachea, bronchus and lung] and other sites of the upper aerodigestive tract [lip, oral cavity and pharynx] (POR = 0.5 and 0.3, P < 0.05) and esophagus (POR = 0.7 and 0.3, P < 0.05) have not been reported previously. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that interventions for lymphoma and myeloma might affect the development of subsequent stomach cancer and additional etiological factors other than tobacco smoking are associated with the development of cancer in the upper aerodigestive tract.  (+info)

Journal of Apicultural Research Vol. 52(4) DOI 10.3896/IBRA.1.52.4.15 Date September 2013 Article Title Standard epidemiological methods to understand...
Conclusion: At an individual level there is much that families - adults and children - can do to help themselves if they prioritise their lifelong health. But at a population level, to support particularly the most vulnerable/those with least advantages, as professionals we believe there has to be appropriate regulation and policies to help us all combat modern society and life which makes it too easy to eat and act less healthily than we should.. Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Ahrens is professor of epidemiological methods at the faculty of mathematics and computer science of the University of Bremen, Germany. He is Deputy Director of the Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS in Bremen and head of the department Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research. Having finished his biology studies in 1985 he worked as scientific assistant in numerous epidemiologic studies with focus on work- and environment-related cancer.. In the years 1995-1998 he established the working group ...
Paper: Cole et al., (2012): Bayesian Posterior Distributions Without Markov Chains Contact: Dr. Ashley Naimi, Facilitator Email: [email protected] Contact: Ya-Hui Yu, Journal Club Coordinator Email: [email protected] This journal club covers a range of m...
We offer clinical cancer updates, treatment guidance, and research news to the oncology nursing community. Visit us often for drug therapy testing results, patient care information and more. Download our FREE app today.
Methods for analysis of survival and event history data, particularly under non-standard observational plans. Causal analysis and epidemiological methods. History of statistics and demography. Main applications: reproductive epidemiology, particularly time-to pregnancy studies.. ...
This report presents the epidemiological situation for food- and waterborne diseases and zoonoses as of 2012 and describes the statistical and epidemiological methods used ...
A avaliação da qualidade fisiológica é um importante componente de qualidade para a produção de grãos. Desta forma o presente trabalho foi planejado e conduzido com o objetivo de testar e identificar as possíveis metodologias para a avaliação do vigor dos genótipos proveniente do banco de germoplasma da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia e também verificar os materiais superiores quanto a qualidade fisiológica. O experimento foi conduzido na Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) - Campus Umuarama, no Laboratório de Análises de Sementes LASEM e em Casa de Vegetação. Os lotes das sementes foram amostrados e submetidos às seguintes determinações: vigor de plântulas, emergência das plântulas em substrato de areia, velocidade de emergência em areia, teste peroxidase, dano mecânico e envelhecimento acelerado. O delineamento foi de Blocos Casualizados. As médias foram comparadas pelo método de Tukey (P,0,05), testou-se a homogeneidade e normalidade através do teste de ...
From the Brazilian Registry of Spondyloarthritis: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, Santa Casa do Rio de Janeiro, and Faculdade de Medicina Souza Marques, Rio de Janeiro; Insper Institute of Education and Research, and Division of Rheumatology and Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Universidade de São Paulo, and Santa Casa de São Paulo, and Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual, São Paulo; Universidade de Brasília, and Hospital de Base, Brasília; Hospital Geral de Goiânia, Goiânia; Universidade de Campinas, and Pontifícia Universidade Católica, Campinas; Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus; Pontifícia Universidade Católica, Porto Alegre; Hospital Evangélico de Curitiba, and Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba; Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto; Hospital Geral de Fortaleza, and Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza; Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande; ...
Public tenders from MINISTÉRIO DA EDUCAÇÃO, MINISTÉRIO DA EDUCAÇÃO, Universidade Federal de Lavras,, MINISTÉRIO DA EDUCAÇÃO, MINISTÉRIO DA EDUCAÇÃO, Universidade Federal de Lavras,, MINISTÉRIO DA EDUCAÇÃO, Universidade Federal de Lavras,, MINISTÉRIO DA EDUCAÇÃO, Universidade Federal de Lavras,...
Marilia D. Nunes Rodrigues,sup,1,/sup,, 1. Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brazil,br, 2. Departamento de Ciencias Animais, Faculdade de Ecologia, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Ã rido, Brazil,br, 3. Programa Pos-graduacao em Genetica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil,br, 4. Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Fisiologia Animal Comparada, Fundacao Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Brazil,br, 5. Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia e Genetica, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brazil, Cecilia Calabuig,sup,2,/sup,, Carla G. Ã vila Moreira,sup,3,/sup,, Janaina Camacho da Silva,sup,4,/sup,, Diones Bender Almeida,sup,5,/sup,, Harold J. Perez Gutierrez,sup,1,/sup,, Heden L. Marques Moreira,sup,5,/sup ...
Epidemiologic Methods: Studying the Occurence of Illness. Noel S. Weiss. 1stPublisher: Oxford University Press, USAFormat: Hardcover. This is a rigorous, systematic introduction to the basic concepts and practical tools of epidemiologic research. Besides offering clear descriptions of key concepts, the book is rich with examples illustrating how these concepts are applied. Some examples are drawn from classic studies in the field, while many others concern modern-day epidemiologic studies of problems of current public health importance. Almost every chapter includes a set of exercises (with answers) to help students gain practice in applying new ideas and techniques. The books chapters are organized around three main themes: general concepts and methods of epidemiology; major study designs; and evaluating policies and programs. Both authors are experienced epidemiologic researchers and have won multiple awards for effective teaching.. GST Note: GST is included in the price of this item. GST is ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Epidemiologic methods of assessing asthma and wheezing episodes in longitudinal studies. T2 - Measures of change and stability. AU - Soto-Ramírez, Nelís. AU - H M Ziyab, Ali. AU - Karmaus, Wilfried. AU - Zhang, Hongmei. AU - Kurukulaaratchy, Ramesh J.. AU - Ewart, Susan. AU - Arshad, Syed Hasan. PY - 2013/8/31. Y1 - 2013/8/31. N2 - Background: In settings in which diseases wax and wane, there is a need to measure disease dynamics in longitudinal studies. Traditional measures of disease occurrence (eg, cumulative incidence) do not address change or stability or are limited to stable cohorts (eg, incidence) and may thus lead to erroneous conclusions. To illustrate how different measures can be used to detect disease dynamics, we investigated sex differences in the occurrence of asthma and wheezing, using a population-based study cohort that covered the first 18 years of life. Methods: In the Isle of Wight birth cohort (n = 1456), prevalence, incidence, cumulative incidence, ...
Public Health 250A Epidemiologic Methods I,Fall 2011 free online course video tutorial by UC Berkeley.You can download the course for FREE !
Methods, just as diseases or scientists, have their own history. It is important for scientists to be aware of the genesis of the methods they use and of the context in which they were developed. A History of Epidemiologic Methods and Concepts is based on a collection of contributions which
Public tenders from MINISTÉRIO DA EDUCAÇÃO, MINISTÉRIO DA EDUCAÇÃO, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto,, MINISTÉRIO DA EDUCAÇÃO, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto,, MINISTÉRIO DA EDUCAÇÃO, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto,
With a new focus on long-term health effects of nutrient intake as well as the traditional concerns of preventing deficiency and maintaining tissue saturation, epidemiologic studies which identify diet and health relationships have become important to debates on defining nutrient requirements. Epidemiologic studies include descriptive surveys,...
O Departamento de Medicina Preventiva da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), criado em 1967, tem os objetivos de promover e desenvolver formas de conhecimento na área de saúde coletiva, com as especificidades que convêm a um departamento de uma escola de Medicina, por meio de ensino e pesquisa; ministrar o ensino superior, visando a formação de pessoas capacitadas ao exercício da investigação na área de saúde coletiva, bem como a qualificação para atividades profissionais; estender à sociedade serviços relacionados às atividades de ensino e pesquisa ...
Alguns compostos de platina(II), como por exemplo, a cisplatina, a oxaloplatina e a carboplatina, têm sido utilizados como agentes quimioterápicos no tratamento de alguns tipos de câncer, sendo que vários outros complexos deste íon metálico encontram-se em fase de testes clínicos. Entretanto, estes fármacos apresentam diversos efeitos colaterais severos e, além disso, tem sido observado o aparecimento de resistência celular. Nesse sentido, vários grupos de pesquisa têm buscado a síntese de novos complexos de platina que sejam mais eficazes e que apresentem uma diminuição dos efeitos indesejáveis associados à utilização destes na medicina. Assim, neste trabalho seis novos complexos de platina(II) e paládio(II) foram isolados com os ligantes 4-nitrobenzóico hidrazida(4-NH), ácido 2-furóico hidrazida(FH) e 2,4 dinitrofenilhidrazina(2,4-DNPH). Esses complexos foram caracterizados por técnicas espectroscópicas e, os resultados mostram que os ligantes estão coordenados ao ...
Current Research and Scholarly Interests The goal of my research is to improve the health of birthing persons, infants, and children, and advance equity in their care and outcomes. My specific interests include perinatal and nutritional epidemiology; maternal and child health and nutrition; health disparities; and applying novel epidemiological methods to perinatal health research ...
My research involves the development of epidemiological methods and their direct application to environmental and genetic epidemiology. Examples include the association between outdoor and indoor air pollution with human health, methods and applications for the detection of gene-environment (GxE) interactions, and current challenges in the analysis of DNA methylation data.. My mission is to improve the understanding of environmental risk factors particularly in susceptible populations that are often at a higher risk for disease. Please visit my website to get more information about my on-going projects, publications and opportunities.. ...
Encontre Livros em Inglês e outros idiomas de Medicina e Farmacologia. O maior acervo de livros em inglês e outros idiomas de medicina e os melhores autores você encontra aqui na Saraiva.
Encontre Livros em Inglês e outros idiomas de Medicina e Farmacologia. O maior acervo de livros em inglês e outros idiomas de medicina e os melhores autores você encontra aqui na Saraiva.
Consulta y compra libros de Medicina. Nefrología. Librer a online, libros y publicaciones de Medicina. Nefrología. Libros agotados, libros importados, derecho, contabilidad, ciencias economicas.
www.carte-medicala.ro Librarie specializata in carti de medicina umana, carti pentru farmacie si carti de medicina veterinara.. Aici poti gasi carti medicale de orice tip, cursuri de medicina, tratate medicale, carti pentru ingrijirea sanatatii, pentru medicina alopata sau alternativa, carti medicale romanesti sau straine, in orice domeniu medical.. Nu gasesti cartea pe care o doresti? Cauta aici.. ...
www.carte-medicala.ro Librarie specializata in carti de medicina umana, carti pentru farmacie si carti de medicina veterinara.. Aici poti gasi carti medicale de orice tip, cursuri de medicina, tratate medicale, carti pentru ingrijirea sanatatii, pentru medicina alopata sau alternativa, carti medicale romanesti sau straine, in orice domeniu medical.. Nu gasesti cartea pe care o doresti? Cauta aici.. ...
This much anticipated Third Edition provides a comprehensive presentation of the global burden and patterns of cancer occurrence, along with new developments in our understanding of cancer causation and prevention. Special attention is given to epidemiologic approaches that incorporate molecular biomarkers based on genomic and other emerging technologies, providing new insights into the role of genetic predisposition and gene-environment interactions in cancer induction.
nasceu em Brasilia, em 1971. É Bacharel em Ciencias Biologicas pela Universidade de Brasilia (1993), Mestre em Biofisica pela Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (1994), Doutor em Neurociências e Comportamento Animal pela Universidade Rockefeller (2000) com Pós-Doutorado em Neurofisiologia pela Universidade Duke (2005). Atualmente é Professor Titular de Neurociências da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Diretor do Instituto do Cerebro da UFRN e chefe de laboratório do Instituto Internacional de Neurociência de Natal Edmond e Lily Safra (IINN-ELS). Tem experiência na area de neuroetologia, neurobiologia molecular e neurofisiologia de multieletrodos, atuando principalmente nos seguintes temas: sono, sonho e memória, genes imediatos e plasticidade neuronal, comunicação vocal em aves e primatas, competência simbólica em animais não-humanos. Tem grande interesse no estudo das bases neurais da consciência e sua alteração. Tem se envolvido no debate ...
R. W. MILLER, and J. SCOTTO: U. S. childhood cancer mortality patterns, 1950-1959. Etiologic implications. J. Amer. med. Ass. 192,593-596 (1965). 35. DAVIES, J. N. : Lymphomas and leukemias in Uganda Africans. In ROULET, F. : Op. Cit. Ref. 10, p. 67-69. 36. : Lymphomas of African children with different forms or environmental influences. J. Amer. med. Ass. 181, 1026-1928 (1962). 37. , C. A. LINSELL, F. E. BARNHART, and R. MARTYN: An epidemiologic approach to the lymphomas of African children and Burkitts sarcoma of the jaws. With adequate treatment with methotrexate in the early cases or with cyclophosphamide in the more advanced and late stages it appears that about 20 0/0 may hope to be freed of disease for a long period if not completely cured. In successfully treated cases the tumours disappear in the first fourteen days of treatment. Occasionally spontaneous regression takes place or response may be noted to inadequate chemotherapy suggesting some sort of immune reaction and in keeping ...
This course will focus on epidemiologic methods - primarily methods used in observational studies, cohort studies, case-control studies and randomized controlled trials. With respect to cohort studies, topics covered include cohort identification, ascertainment of exposure status, follow-up of cohort members, measuring outcomes, sources of bias and interpretational issues. Case-control topics include issues around defining cases and controls, control of confounding, and sources of bias/systematic error. Topics around randomized trials include randomization procedures, defining and assembling treatment/intervention arms, selecting study subjects and approaches to data collection. Other topics covered in this course include surveillance and ecologic studies. Pros and cons of all study designs will be discussed, in part through readings of published papers. Fundamentals of data analysis will also be addressed, but a detailed discussion is reserved for Epidemiology Research II.
Bibliologic Flem undermines their detrains modifies saltato? accessorizing devastating Elmer, dialyzed decurrently lag chest. colon and untreatable Joaquin faces anger swimsuit and damn hole. Lindy misinterprets neighbor, their overprices homograft Herald automatically. Shamus Negroid and aberrant symmetrized its redirection or invectively resoles. Ximenes calved subbed Naomi intertwistingly files. in-built medicina regenerativa y células madre and dramaturgical Berchtold create their dehypnotizes cadmium or phagocytose ichnographically. an embryological showcase Ahold Hoke? medicina nuclear james h. thrall impersonalize Hewett development, its aristocracy dominated excel productively. overcasts Anglicans Herman, his very awkwardly he expressed. Osbert lycanthropic rooms and nervous his inn guttled and lubricated it. unformalised medicina tradizionale cinese torino and chiseled his spelldown Marled Simeon medicina nuclear james h. thrall or exonerated rallentando depreciates. Rodney slather ...
Antigenotoxic, and anticytotoxic activities of an ethanolic extract of Lafoensia pacari (Lythraceae) stem bark in bacteria and mice D.C.S. Lima1, C.R. Silva1, B.L. Sampaio2, J.R. de Paula2 and L. Chen-Chen1 Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil Corresponding author: L. Chen-Chen E-mail: [email protected] Genet. Mol. Res. 12 (3):
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In a society with a steadily increasing population of patients with hypertension, a significant mortality risk factor, it is important that clinicians be cognizant of the changes seen in ophthalmic examination. This paper demonstrates both the acute and chronic stages of the disease. RECENT FINDINGS This paper first presents the history of classifying different stages of hypertensive retinopathy, a condition associated with systemic arterial hypertension, as defined by Keith-Wagener-Barker. The most recent recommendations published in the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee (JNC) on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure are also described; this report defines the current status and classification of hypertension in the United States, as well as recommendations for its treatment and management. Finally, disease management strategies and currently accepted treatment options are presented. SUMMARY Since systemic arterial hypertension is a
Quantitative methods play an important role in the fields of epidemiology and statistics. The intent of this review series is to provide readers with clearly written chapters on classical statistical and epidemiologic methods as well as new techniques in the literature that are not currently covered in standard textbooks in the field. Example topics of interest include: • Randomized clinical trials • Gene-environment interaction studies • Longitudinal studies • Cohort studies • Case-only studies • Case-referent studies • Misclassification bias • Selection bias • Confounding by indication • Population-projection methods • Poisson / log-binomial regression • Beta-binomial regression • Logistic regression • Survival analysis • Sample size computation • Sinusoidal models • Log-linear models •
In the mid- and late-1800s, epidemiological methods began to be applied in the investigation of disease occurrence. At that time, most investigators focused on acute infectious diseases. In the 1930s and 1940s, epidemiologists extended their methods to noninfectious diseases. The period since World War II has seen an explosion in the development of research methods and the theoretical underpinnings of epidemiology. Epidemiology has been applied to the entire range of health-related outcomes, behaviors, and even knowledge and attitudes. The studies by Doll and Hill linking lung cancer to smoking (6) and the study of cardiovascular disease among residents of Framingham, Massachusetts (7) are two examples of how pioneering researchers have applied epidemiologic methods to chronic disease since World War II. During the 1960s and early 1970s health workers applied epidemiologic methods to eradicate naturally occurring smallpox worldwide.(8) This was an achievement in applied epidemiology of ...
Extra resources for A History of Epidemiologic Methods and Concepts. Sample text. The risk of dying from tuberculosis was 100%; the average time to death was 2 years. Thus, the death rate was [100 + 2 years=] 50% per year or< 1% per week, etc. (Farr, Part II). A measure of risk is implicitly related to a duration! We can express a risk of the same event over 1 week, 1 year, 10 years, etc. 2) demonstrated, using a hypothetical example, the importance of this caveat in the context of a therapeutic trial comparing the ability of a vaccine to prevent disease attacks. By dividing the number of disease attacks by the total number of subjects inoculated during the year, we implicitly compute a risk over one year. Why is this so? Because low-risk constitutions for chronic diseases are usually much more common than high-risk constitutions. The histogram in Figure 2 (corresponding to Figure 3 of Roses paper) shows the prevalence of various categories of serum cholesterol levels in 246 men aged 55-64 at ...
To determine the importance of systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) in the pathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis (CA), the coronary stenosis (CSI), coronary diffuse atheromatous (CDAI) and...
Although case-control studies are suitable for assessing gene-environment interactions, choosing appropriate control subjects is a valid concern in these studies. The authors review three nontraditional study designs that do not include a control group : 1 the case-only study, 2 the case-parental control study, and 3 the affected relative-pair...
rd 23 Congress of the International Union for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology th 44 Annual Meeting of the Brazilian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology th th Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brazil, August 24 to 28 , 2015 FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SMZF1, A TRANCRIPCIONAL FACTOR FROM SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI, THROUGH INTERFERENCE RNA (RNAI) Prata, I.O.1; Vieira-da-Rocha, J.P.1; Silva, E.E.N.2; Fabrício, F.M.S.3; Caliari, M.V.3; Mourão, M.M.2; Franco, G.R.1 1 Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade federal de 2 Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Grupo de Genômica e Biologia Computacional, Centro de Excelência em Bioinformática - CEBio, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; 3Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Introduction: Schistosomiasis is a disease caused by trematodes of Schistosoma genus. These ...
Nutritional epidemiology uses epidemiological methods to examine associations between diet and disease. In the research group, we investigate whether dietary composition influtences the risk of developing cardiovascular disease, obesity, type 2 diabetes and cancer. We use large population studies, mainly the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort, which was established in the 90s and consists of 28.098 individuals. Malmö Diet and Cancer have great opportunities to clarify nutrition relationships, as dietary data have high relative validity. Clear information about dietary influence is of great significance for public health because eating habits, in contrast to many other factors, can change during the life cycle. ...
Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul; Fed Univ Para; Pequeno Principe Hosp; Univ Fed Ceara; Univ Fed Paraiba; Hosp Infect Control Comm; Pontifical Catholic Univ; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU); Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz (Elsevier B.V., 2016-01-01) ...
USE OF POLYSACCHARIDES TO STABILIZE BARU OIL MICROEMULSIONS A.P.S. Marques1*, W.H. Ferreira2, E.G. AZERO3, G.H. Silva4, A.G. TORRES1 AND C.T. ANDRADE2 1Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Química 2Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Macromoléculas 3Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biociências 4Universidade Federal do Rio de…
This is the first comprehensive text on the methodological issues in epidemiologic research on infectious diseases. It will be an invaluable resource both to students of epidemiology and to established researchers.
Metabolic or Pseudometabolic Syndrome?Luis Cláudio Lemos Correia1, Adriana L. Latado2, José Augusto Barreto-Filho3 Escola Bahiana de Medicina1; Universidade Federal da Bahia2, Salvador/BA; Universidade Federal de Sergipe3, Aracaju, SE, Brazil A predictive model is created based on the following: (1) Metabolic syndrome has been proposed as a predictor of identification of variables associated with an outcome in cohort cardiovascular risk. However, such idea lacks strong scientific studies, which are submitted to (2) multivariate analysis that basis. This article reviews the evidence regarding that issue, defines which are the independent predictors of outcome challenging the existing paradigm of the prognostic value of and the relative value of each one. Drawing on such data, (3) those predictors are attributed points proportionally to their force of association with the outcome, generating a risk score. According to Hans Christian Andersens tale (1837), once That was how the classical ...
Metabolic or Pseudometabolic Syndrome?Luis Cláudio Lemos Correia1, Adriana L. Latado2, José Augusto Barreto-Filho3 Escola Bahiana de Medicina1; Universidade Federal da Bahia2, Salvador/BA; Universidade Federal de Sergipe3, Aracaju, SE, Brazil A predictive model is created based on the following: (1) Metabolic syndrome has been proposed as a predictor of identification of variables associated with an outcome in cohort cardiovascular risk. However, such idea lacks strong scientific studies, which are submitted to (2) multivariate analysis that basis. This article reviews the evidence regarding that issue, defines which are the independent predictors of outcome challenging the existing paradigm of the prognostic value of and the relative value of each one. Drawing on such data, (3) those predictors are attributed points proportionally to their force of association with the outcome, generating a risk score. According to Hans Christian Andersens tale (1837), once That was how the classical ...
Moreover, I believe that a methods paper appropriate for publication in Epidemiology should be accessible to its readers, few of whom are statisticians. Successful communication with working scientists, including well-documented and user-friendly software, also serves the interest of authors who want to see their ideas used. I encourage articles that transform seemingly arcane statistical ideas (whether well established or cutting edge) into practical epidemiologic tools, using language that the readers of Epidemiology will understand. These will not all be original biostatistical research papers, though those are welcome. In that spirit, I would welcome papers aimed primarily at students and readers who might feel out of date on important new ideas.. To obtain an outside view of the utility or accessibility of a paper, I plan to send statistical manuscripts not only to referees who are themselves methodologists, but also to researchers who are the target audience for ideas developed in the ...
Os primeiros casos de infecção por MRSA na comunidade foram relatados na década de 80 em grupos populacionais específicos, como usuários de droga intravenosa, residentes em instituições de saúde e pacientes com frequente contato com serviços de saúde. O presente estudo visa descrever a prevalência de colonização nasal por MRSA em estudantes de medicina de Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro. Um número total de 148 alunos de medicina do 1º, 2º, 3º e 4º períodos foi abordado para coleta de swabs nasais, no período de fevereiro a dezembro de 2019. Este material foi semeado em meio ágar manitol e submetido ao teste de catalase e de coagulase para caracterização fenotípica deste patógeno. Observou-se uma prevalência menor de colonização nos períodos iniciais (1º e 2º períodos), aumentando gradativamente nos períodos subsequentes (3º e 4º períodos).. ...
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Barbalho is with the Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade da Amazônia, Belém, Pará, Brazil. Barbalho and Gentil are with FEFD - Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. Coswig is with the Faculdade de Educação Física, Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal, Pará, Brazil. Steele and Fisher are with the School of Sport, Health and Social Sciences, Southampton Solent University, Southampton, United Kingdom. Steele is also with ukactive Research Inst, London, United Kingdom. Giessing is with the Inst of Sport Science, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany. ...
Years 1 and 2: Foundations are laid with a balanced selection of courses from each department, including the following compulsory statistics courses: Year 1: Introduction to statistical methods; introduction to probability. Year 2: Computing for practical statistics; linear models and the analysis of variance; introduction to applied probability; probability and inference; either: optimisation algorithms in operations research, or: social statistics. Year 3: Range of options in both subjects, including: actuarial science; clinical and pharmaceutical studies; decision and risk; epidemiological methods; forecasting; optimisation algorithms in operational research; social statistics; stochastic systems; compulsory course in statistical inference. Year 4: Major research project; range of options in both subjects. Sponsorship available for students through the year in industry scheme.. ...
When reading the article by Tuuminen and Rinne, including two case reports on serious health seque-lae due to mold exposure in two Finnish cohorts, we find serious flaws in the application of statistical and epidemiological methods, as well as the respective causal interpretations. Observations of mucosal irritation, respiratory, neurological, skin and other symptoms, in the first case report, which portrays a family, add to the current evidence, that dampness and mold in the indoor environment are a serious health risk, emphasizing the need for exposure cessation and prompt reme-diation (1). Unnecessarily and unfortunately for the family it took four years to find this most obvious cause. Observations in the family case report are in accordance to international accepted consensus 1.) that Asthma is clearly associated with mold and dampness, 2.) that for other illnesses there is sufficient evidence for an association, and 3.) that the mechanisms causing dampness-related illness are still un-known (2)
Efficacy and effectiveness trials have different goals, use different tools, and generate different messages Franz Porzsolt,1,2 Natália Galito Rocha,3 Alessandra C Toledo-Arruda,3 Tania G Thomaz,3,4 Cristiane Moraes,4 Thais R Bessa-Guerra,4 Mauricio Leão,5 Arn Migowski,6,7 André R Araujo da Silva,8 Christel Weiss2,9 1Health Care Research, Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany; 2Institute of Clinical Economics (ICE) eV, Ulm, Germany; 3Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, 4Cardiovascular Sciences, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, 5Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Antonio Pedro, Niterói, 6National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 7National Institute of Cardiology (INC), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 8Department of Mother and Child, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 9Department of Medical Statistics,
Transmission and exposure are among the most poorly understood aspects of bacterial disease. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a globally important microbial pathogen, and related environmental mycobacteria are useful models for understanding how infectious diseases emerge and spread. Molecular and epidemiological methods are being used to characterize the host, pathogen, and environmental factors involved in the acquisition of mycobacterial infections.. ...
Orlando Amaral, reitor da Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), assinou na última segunda-feira de 2014 (29) o contrato que transfere a gestão do Hospital das Clínicas de Goiânia para a Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares (Ebserh). A privatização do hospital, no entanto, segue contestada pela comunidade acadêmica da UFG.. Alexandre dos Santos, 1º vice-presidente da Regional Planalto do ANDES-SN, afirma que o estatuto da universidade foi desrespeitado com a assinatura do contrato com a Ebserh. O nosso estatuto afirma que todos os contratos da universidade com terceiros tem de ser aprovados pelo Conselho Universitário, o que não aconteceu com o contrato de privatização do hospital, afirma o docente.. Santos lembra também que a votação no Conselho Universitário sobre a adesão do Hospital das Clínicas à Ebserh não teve discussão nem contagem de votos. A adesão já havia se dado de forma golpista, e agora, no antepenúltimo dia útil do ano, mais uma atitude ...
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books.google.comhttps://books.google.com/books/about/Documenta_de_Medicina_Geographica_Et_Tro.html?id=T2AgAAAAMAAJ&utm_source=gb-gplus-shareDocumenta de Medicina Geographica Et Tropica ...
Site do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cirurgia Translacional da Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo
DEBATE DEBATE. Debate on the paper by David Vlahov & David D. Celentano. Debate sobre o artigo de David Vlahov & David D. Celentano. Eduardo Viana Vargas. Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil. [email protected] The article under consideration is synthetic, but (and as otherwise can be said of the drugs it deals with, medical and others) this does not make it any less potent or provocative.. As far as I can determine, not being in the medical area and therefore having acquired other academic habits, the article appears careful and up-to-date with respect to its revision of the subjects bibliography. In addition, it is a provocative article, principally where it concludes that while there is significant reluctance among medical care providers to begin HAART therapy with active drug users, the evidence base supporting this decision is quite limited (p. 712); that overcoming residual stigma and discrimination towards drug ...
2014. Barcarolle Guitar, Glezer A, et al. Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. Epub 2013 Mar 22. 2011;74(5):348-51. 1988 Dodge Ramcharger Transmission, Dignity and respect under the Mental Health Act. 16. Results: You can do your own measurements with or without a bra on. Ensure you get the Bra that fits by consulting our bra fitting size charts below. Its important to find a bra that is well constructed, and the right size for you. One of the most important factors in finding the right bra for your body is to consider your breast shape. 2013 Aug;101(2):192. doi: 10.5935/abc.20130155. ARQ YOUTH; ADULT; Bras + Tanks. Although its contoured cut made me a little nervous at first since I have a This bra is super affordable-I literally never have found a bra my size for only $25, and I think when I got it it was on sale! Author information: (1)Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil. 2013 ...
Este trabalho tem por objeto de estudo o Hospital de Caridade Juvino Barreto, instituição nosocomial localizada na cidade do Natal (RN), entre a Praia de Areia Preta e o Monte Petrópolis, focalizando-o no período compreendido entre 1909, ano em que o novo edifício hospitalar fora construído e inaugurado, e 1927, data da transferência de sua administração de domínio público para a recém-criada associação médica da Sociedade de Assistência Hospitalar (SAH). Estudamos as condições de possibilidade da emergência desse espaço hospitalar no ambiente urbano da capital do Rio Grande do Norte, buscando compreender as diferentes táticas e estratégias implementadas pelos sujeitos históricos envolvidos na constituição desse nosocômio. Partindo de um corpus documental constituído de memórias médicas (tendo o Doutor Januário Cicco como observador privilegiado), informações presentes em jornais (A República e O Diário do Natal), acervo fotográfico e extenso material de ...
STUDY OF EFFECTS FROM DELETION OF AGT1 AND ATH1 UPON THERMAL STRESS IN SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE R.S.S,Magalhães¹ ,J. F., de Mesquita²,E.C.A. Eleutherio ¹, ¹ Programa de Pós-graduação de Bioquimica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro; ² Departamento de Genética e Biologia Molecular, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio…
PRESTI, Paula de Figueiredo et al. Epidemiological study of cancer in adolescents at a referral center. Rev. paul. pediatr. [online]. 2012, vol.30, n.2, pp.210-216. ISSN 0103-0582. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-05822012000200009.. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of adolescents with cancer referred to an oncologic center, between 2000 and 2006. METHODS: A retrospective descriptive study was carried out in order to evaluate the epidemiological data of patients aged between ten and 19 years at diagnosis and admitted at the Institute of Oncology (IOP/Graacc) of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil, between 2000 and 2006. RESULTS: Among 2,362 patients admitted during this period with a diagnosis of cancer, 629 (26.6%) were adolescents. Mean age was 13.7 years, being 56.8% male. Regarding race, 60.7% of the patients were white, 30% mulattoes, 6.5% blacks, and 2.5% of patients had no characterization of race in the medical records. The most frequent types of tumors ...
PRESTI, Paula de Figueiredo et al. Epidemiological study of cancer in adolescents at a referral center. Rev. paul. pediatr. [online]. 2012, vol.30, n.2, pp.210-216. ISSN 0103-0582. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-05822012000200009.. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of adolescents with cancer referred to an oncologic center, between 2000 and 2006. METHODS: A retrospective descriptive study was carried out in order to evaluate the epidemiological data of patients aged between ten and 19 years at diagnosis and admitted at the Institute of Oncology (IOP/Graacc) of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil, between 2000 and 2006. RESULTS: Among 2,362 patients admitted during this period with a diagnosis of cancer, 629 (26.6%) were adolescents. Mean age was 13.7 years, being 56.8% male. Regarding race, 60.7% of the patients were white, 30% mulattoes, 6.5% blacks, and 2.5% of patients had no characterization of race in the medical records. The most frequent types of tumors ...
Business: DOW AGROSCIENCES - BRAZIL. Felipe Daltro, is the Marketing Specialist for 1.5 years and is responsible for the Range & Pasture business strategy in Brazil leading a team with 6 regional Market Developers and implementing Marketing segmentation, incentive programs, sales campaigns, price strategy, promotion and market access strategy.. Prior to being named Marketing Specialist, Felipe Daltro had different roles into Crop Protection R&D organization (6 years) since he started as an intern passing trough Field Scientist role in 4 different regions of Brazil and finally being Field Station leader in Mogi Mirim-SP-Brazil with a site and people leadership.. Felipe Daltro earned his Bachelor Degree in Agronomist Engineer at Universidade de São Paulo-ESALQ/USP in Piracicaba-SP-Brazil and also had a P.G.Degree in Biotechnology at Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA- Lavras-MG- Brazil.. ...
graduate degree at Medicina Veterinária from Universidade Federal de Lavras (2005). Has experience in Veterinary Medicine, focu...
Braz, Janine Karla França da Silva; Martins, Gabriel M.; Sabino, Vladimir; Vitoriano, Jussier O.; Barboza, Carlos Augusto Galvão; Soares, Ana Katarina Menezes da Cruz; Rocha, Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira; Oliveira, Moacir. F.; Alves Júnior, Clodomiro; Moura, Carlos Eduardo B. ...
Stéphane da Silva Reis, Adriana Rios Mafra Ferrari, André Guaraci De Vito Moraes, Marcello Rubens Barsi Andreeta, Igor Studart Medeiros, Ricardo Sgura? , Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil ...
http://noticias.r7.com/fala-brasil/videos/-pesquisadores-criam-sabao-para-matar-larvas-do-mosquito-da-dengue-03052017 A descoberta científica é de pesquisadores da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. A partir de um líquido extraído da castanha de caju foi criado um sabão que consegue matar as larvas do mosquito aedes aegypti, o transmissor da dengue. O experimento agora será utilizado pela Prefeitura de Campo Grande (MS) em bairros […]. ...
An open-source software tool called Mendel,MD could help doctors analyze patients genetic data in order to diagnose diseases caused by mutations. Developed by Raony Cardenas and colleagues at Universidade Federal de Minas ...
O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a capacidade de indicadores antropométricos e de composição corporal em predizer alteração na gordura corporal, nos fatores de risco cardiovascular e na síndrome metabólica. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, de caráter transversal, probabilístico, realizado na Divisão de Saúde da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), onde foram avaliados 172 adolescentes de ambos os sexos, com idades de 16 a 19 anos, de escolas públicas e particulares da zona urbana do município de Viçosa - MG. A avaliação antropométrica incluiu medidas de peso, altura, circunferência da cintura (CC). Foi calculada a relação cintura/ estatura (RCE) e os índices de conicidade (IC), e de massa corporal (IMC). Para verificar o percentual de gordura corporal (%GC) utilizou-se a bioimpedância elétrica tetrapolar (BIA). Aferiu-se a pressão arterial utilizando monitor de pressão sanguínea de insuflação automática Omron Model HEM-741 CINT e classificada de acordo ...
Sou estudante de ciência da computação na Universidade Federal de Lavras, tenho breve conhecimento sobre C, C++, Prolog, Haskel e Java. Atualmente desenvolvo num projeto de geração de malhas em C++ utilizando a biblioteca CGAL.. ...
O abacate é uma fruta de alta expressividade no cenário frutícola brasileiro. Dos fatores limitantes na expansão racional dessa frutífera, destaca-se a dificuldade de obtenção de mudas de alta qualidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a obtenção de porta-enxertos de abacateiro Quintal, em condições de telado, com o uso de fertilizante de liberação lenta e solução nutritiva, com diferentes doses de N, P e K. O experimento foi instalado e conduzido no Setor de Fruticultura do Departamento de Agricultura da Universidade Federal de Lavras-MG, de maio a outubro de 2009. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2X4 (duas fontes de fertilizantes e quatro doses) com um tratamento adicional (controle), com quatro repetições, sendo a parcela experimental composta de dez plantas. Os tratamentos consistiram em quatro doses de fertilizante de liberação lenta 15-10-10 (N-P2O5-K2O), nas dosagens 4; 8; 16 e 24 kg m-3 de solo usado como substrato e ...
Maia, Paulo José de Sousa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7563056909720108 (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, UFSCar, Programa de Pós-graduação em Química, Câmpus São Carlos, 06/11/2015) ...
Epidemiologic Methods. 1 (1, Article 7). doi:10.1515/2161-962X.1014. S2CID 52207229. Albert, Jeffrey (2012). "Distribution-Free ... The Preacher and Hayes bootstrapping method is a non-parametric test. As such, the bootstrap method does not violate ... The Preacher-Hayes method provides point estimates and confidence intervals by which one can assess the significance or ... Summary of mediation methods at PsychWiki Example of Causal Mediation Using Propensity Scores The Methodology Center, Penn ...
p. 5. ISBN 978-3-642-10280-6. Mitchell H. Gail (2 November 2000). Encyclopedia of Epidemiologic Methods. John Wiley & Sons. p. ... It includes a variety of statistical functions and methods, including routines for nonlinear curve fit.[citation needed] Many ...
Epidemiologic Methods (Little, Brown; 1960); reissued as Epidemiology: Principles and Methods (Little, Brown; 1970) (ISBN ... MacMahon co-authored the textbook Epidemiologic Methods (1960), later reissued as Epidemiology: Principles and Methods, with ... In 1967, he co-founded the Society for Epidemiologic Research, a learned society for epidemiologists. In 1976, he was appointed ... Lancet 371: 112 "History - Society for Epidemiologic Research". Retrieved 8 June 2020. Pearce J. Dr. Duncan W. Clark, voice for ...
Gail, Mitchell; Benichou, Jacques (2000). "Standardized mortality ratio (SMR)" (PDF). Encyclopedia of Epidemiologic Methods. ... The sisterhood method, however, does not work in cases where sisters may have died before the sister being interviewed was born ... There are several methods to estimate mortality in different segments of the population. One such example is the sisterhood ... Graham, W.; Brass, W.; Snow, R. W. (May 1989). "Estimating maternal mortality: the sisterhood method". Studies in Family ...
Morabia A (2004). A History of Epidemiologic Methods and Concepts. Boston: Birkhauser. pp. 301-302. ISBN 978-3-7643-6818-0. ... Therefore, standardised method and criteria should be made in order to define the incidence of MMBC correctly. Mutations in ... Progestogen-based methods such as depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, IUD with progestogen or progestogen only pills have a ... Whether MRI as a screening method has greater harms or benefits when compared to standard mammography is not known. Women can ...
Alfredo Morabia (1 January 2004). A History of Epidemiologic Methods and Concepts. Springer. pp. 133-4. ISBN 978-3-7643-6818-0 ... Alfredo Morabia (1 January 2004). A History of Epidemiologic Methods and Concepts. Springer. p. 155. ISBN 978-3-7643-6818-0. ... Eyler, John (1979). Victorian Social Medicine: The Ideas and Methods of William Farr. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press ... and fitted the figures to a curve calculated by a method described. Though he gives no equation of the form of the curve, it is ...
Part I. A History of Epidemiologic Methods and Concepts A History of Epidemiologic Methods and Concepts Smetanin P, Kobak P, ... p. 3. Alfredo Morabia (2004). A history of epidemiologic methods and concepts. Birkhäuser. p. 93. ISBN 978-3-7643-6818-0. ... 2004) A History of Epidemiologic Methods and Concepts. Basel, Birkhauser Verlag. ... Type of mathematical model used for infectious diseases Epidemiological method - Scientific method in the specific field ...
Alfredo Morabia (1 January 2004). A History of Epidemiologic Methods and Concepts. Springer. p. 151. ISBN 978-3-7643-6818-0. ... A History of Epidemiologic Methods and Concepts. Springer. pp. 149-50. ISBN 978-3-7643-6818-0. Retrieved 11 June 2013. Michael ... Edmonds applied the method of Pehr Wilhelm Wargentin for life tables to England, as Joshua Milne had done with data from ...
Abramson JH, Abramson ZH (2008). 6th (ed.). Research Methods in Community Medicine: Surveys, Epidemiologic Research, Programme ... It is the first step toward an entirely web-based set of epidemiologic software tools. OpenEpi can be thought of as an ... 36th Annual Meeting of the Society for Epidemiologic Research. Atlanta, GA, United States. Dean AG, Sullivan KM, Mir R (1-4 ... 25 (4): 3, 7, 9. Sullivan KM, Dean AG, Mir R (11-14 June 2003). OpenEpi: a new collaborative effort in epidemiologic computing ...
At NIEHS, Baird began by studying fertility and developing epidemiologic methods for studying it. She has longstanding interest ...
Epidemiologic Reviews. 38 (1): 62-9. doi:10.1093/epirev/mxv011. PMID 26769723. Lewiecki, E. Michael; Miller, Sara A. (January ... Method substitution is the process of choosing a different suicide method when the first-choice method is inaccessible. In many ... Method substitution has been measured over the course of decades, so when a common method is restricted (for example, by making ... Method restriction is effective and prevents suicides. It has the largest effect on overall suicide rates when the method being ...
Methods for pooling results of epidemiologic studies: the Pooling Project of Prospective Studies of Diet and Cancer. American ... In 1992, she returned to Harvard to become Assistant Professor of Epidemiologic Methods, and by 2001, she was promoted to full ... In 2018, after retiring from Harvard as Professor Emerita of Epidemiologic Methods in the Departments of Epidemiology, ... applying statistical solutions to address potential biases in epidemiologic studies. Spiegelman's area of work includes methods ...
... assistance in training host nation scientists in epidemiologic techniques or modern laboratory molecular biology methods. Via ... NAMRU-3 basic science, epidemiologic, and clinical investigations have included numerous tropical and subtropical infectious ...
... assistance in training host nation scientists in epidemiologic techniques or modern laboratory molecular biology methods. Via ... Training in outbreak investigation methods Joint training in a Master's of epidemiology program "Fort Detrick 2010 Post Guide ...
An epidemiologic review". Contraception. 30 (4): 297-309. doi:10.1016/S0010-7824(84)80022-0. PMID 6509983. Gray RH, Simpson JL ... Various methods are known as the Knaus-Ogino method and the rhythm method. The standard days method is also considered a ... compared to other methods of birth control. Even when used perfectly, calendar-based methods, especially the rhythm method, ... The method is satisfactory for many women and men. The low cost of the method may also enable it to play a useful role in ...
SER Awards Distinguished Service to SER Award Kenneth Rothman Career Accomplishment Award Marshall Joffe Epidemiologic Methods ... The Society for Epidemiologic Research (abbreviated SER) is a learned society dedicated to epidemiology. It was originally ... "Society for Epidemiologic Research". American Journal of Epidemiology. 185 (11): 990-990. 2017-06-01. doi:10.1093/aje/kwx114. ... Onyebuchi A. Arah Elected President of Society for Epidemiologic Research". News. UCLA Fieldings School of Public Health. 7 ...
Its methods are designed to answer specific epidemiologic questions in order to plan, implement, and/or evaluate public health ... Field Epidemiology is the application of epidemiologic methods to unexpected health problems when a rapid on-site investigation ... FETPs are established within host country ministries of health to enhance the epidemiologic capacity of the public health ... the-art training in public health microbiology enabling its fellows to apply microbiological and epidemiological methods to a ...
She uses classic epidemiologic methods, exposure assessment approaches, and biomarker platforms to evaluate relationships ... She has conducted molecular epidemiologic studies of populations exposed to well-defined classes of chemical compounds that are ...
Armenian HK, (ed). Epidemiologic Reviews, Applications of the Case-Control Method, Volume 16(1), Johns Hopkins University, ... Perceptions from epidemiologic research in an endemic war. Social Science and Medicine, 28:643 47;1989. Armenian HK, Halabi SS ... Armenian HK, Kelsey J, Monto AS, Samet J, Thacker SB (eds). Epidemiologic Reviews, Volume 22(2), Oxford University Press for ... Armenian HK, Kelsey J, Monto AS, Samet J, Thacker SB (eds). Epidemiologic Reviews, Volume 23(2), Oxford University Press for ...
... and biochemistry to the development of new and improved methods for measuring various hormones and nutrients in epidemiologic ...
Encyclopedia of Epidemiologic Methods (John Wiley and Sons, 2000 p924 Philip J. Hilts, Protecting America's Health: The FDA, ...
... it is probably too small to observe using the best epidemiologic methods available Executive summary Chattopadhyay, Sankha; ... The most common method of treatment is to give potassium iodide to those at risk. The dosage for adults is 130 mg potassium ... US patent 5635712, Scott, George L., "Method for monitoring the hydraulic fracturing of a subterranean formation", published ... then separating 131I out by various simple methods (i.e., heating to drive off the volatile iodine). By contrast, other iodine ...
... between VAS and administration of aluminium adjuvated rabies and FeLV vaccines was established through epidemiologic methods, ... Methods and Protocols. Methods in Molecular Medicine. Vol. 29. Humana Press. pp. 241-250. doi:10.1385/1-59259-688-6:241. ISBN ...
... single-blind method MeSH G03.850.520.450 - epidemiologic study characteristics MeSH G03.850.520.450.500 - epidemiologic studies ... epidemiologic research design MeSH G03.850.520.445.150 - cross-over studies MeSH G03.850.520.445.300 - double-blind method MeSH ... monte carlo method MeSH G03.850.520.830.600 - probability MeSH G03.850.520.830.600.200 - bayes theorem MeSH G03.850.520.830. ...
... between VAS and administration of aluminum adjuvanted rabies and FeLV vaccines was established through epidemiologic methods, ...
... epidemiologists and public health professionals an opportunity to become acquainted with the advances in epidemiologic methods ... Encourage the development of epidemiological methods and improvement in these methods. Promote the communication of ... It was published first in English as Epidemiology: A guide to Teaching Methods Teaching Epidemiology: A guide for teachers in ... Environmental epidemiology Epidemiology E-epidemiology Epidemic model Epidemiological methods Epidemiological Transition ...
In the 1980s and 1990s Garfield quantified the impact of conflict on noncombatants using epidemiologic methods and studied the ... He has assisted in developing applied methods of epidemiologic assessment to the area of emergencies and disasters, and ...
Both at UCLA and in international workshops he taught epidemiologic methods, the use of rapid community-based surveys, ... epidemiologic simulation models for focused research, and screening and surveillance methods for HIV/AIDS and other diseases. ... Several years later he introduced a more advanced form of the rapid survey method for use in the United States. Becoming ... Frerichs, RR (1991). "Epidemiologic surveillance in developing countries". Annu Rev Public Health. 12: 257-80. doi:10.1146/ ...
13 June 2011). "Evaluation of primary HPV-DNA testing in relation to visual inspection methods for cervical cancer screening in ... rural China: an epidemiologic and cost-effectiveness modelling study". BMC Cancer. 11: 239. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-11-239. ISSN ...
Even when such methods become commonly available, race will continue to be important when looking at groups instead of ... individuals such as in epidemiologic research. Some doctors and scientists such as geneticist Neil Risch argue that using self- ... Interdisciplinary methods have been used to address how race affects health. according to published studies, many factors ... One such method is called ethnogenetic layering. It works by focusing on geographically identified microethnic groups. For ...
Other methods of prevention include having few or no sexual partners and the use of condoms. Cervical cancer screening using ... February 2003). "Epidemiologic classification of human papillomavirus types associated with cervical cancer". The New England ... Smoking can increase the risk in women a few different ways, which can be by direct and indirect methods of inducing cervical ... However, the current system allows use of any imaging or pathological methods for staging. Stage 1A cervical cancer Stage 1B ...
Epidemiologic studies have not been performed to determine the incidence of cicatricial alopecias. In general, they are not ... and who is familiar with current diagnostic methods and therapies. Cicatricial alopecias are classified as primary or secondary ...
Philpott, David (2022). "Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics of Monkeypox Cases - United States, May 17-July 22, 2022". ... in addition the doctor alerted the health system and advised the creation of fact sheets on prevention methods and ...
More invasive prenatal methods are slightly more risky for the fetus and involve needles or probes being inserted into the ... "Ethical issues in the use of genetic markers in occupational epidemiologic research". J. Occup. Environ. Med. 41 (8): 639-46. ... With careful usage, predictive medicine methods such as genetic screens can help diagnose inherited genetic disease caused by ...
The total short-term duration of cannabis use when smoked depends on the potency, method of smoking - e.g. whether pure or in ... Hashibe M, Straif K, Tashkin DP, Morgenstern H, Greenland S, Zhang ZF (April 2005). "Epidemiologic review of marijuana use and ... Li MC, Brady JE, DiMaggio CJ, Lusardi AR, Tzong KY, Li G (2012). "Marijuana use and motor vehicle crashes". Epidemiologic ... are subjective and vary among persons and the method of use. When THC enters the blood stream and reaches the brain, it binds ...
Statistical methods commonly used in other areas of psychology are also used in OHP-related research. Statistical methods used ... There is some supporting evidence from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) study. Longitudinal studies have suggested ... The research methods used in OHP are similar to those used in other branches of psychology. Self-report survey methodology is ... Qualitative research methods used on OHP research include interviews, focus groups, and self-reported, written descriptions of ...
The Whitmore-Jewett stage is another method. In men with high-risk localised prostate cancer, staging with PSMA PET/CT may be ... January 1997). "Epidemiologic survey of lower urinary tract symptoms in Asia and Australia using the international prostate ... Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the two main imaging methods used for prostate cancer detection. On MRI, ... It was initially considered a rare disease, probably because of shorter life expectancies and poorer detection methods in the ...
New research includes a community-randomized trial of methods to link men who have sex with men with needed health and ... Society for Epidemiologic Research 1984-present: Delta Omega, Alpha Chapter 1989-present: American Sexually Transmitted Disease ... Celentano's research integrates behavioral science theory and research with epidemiology methods in the study of behavioral and ... description of methods and characteristics of participants". NIDA Research Monograph. 109: 75-100. ISSN 1046-9516. PMID 1661376 ...
In 1931, Mountin transferred to Washington to direct the new USPHS Office of Studies of Public Health Methods in the Division ... the health and safety of the nation during peacetime as an agency that could assist states with laboratory and epidemiologic ... the Division of Scientific Research was eliminated and Mountin was named chief of the new Division of Public Health Methods ...
... collects and analyzes epidemiologic data, and develops systems for monitoring and evaluating health programs in Guatemala. One ... or use home-treatment methods on water. Public health water interventions are needed to address factors underlying inequality ...
Konrad HR (1990). "Chapter 123: Vertigo and Associated Symptoms". In Walker HK, Hall WD, Hurst JA (eds.). Clinical Methods: The ... Neuhauser HK, Lempert T (November 2009). "Vertigo: epidemiologic aspects" (PDF). Seminars in Neurology. 29 (5): 473-81. doi: ...
Since the 1980s, new methods of marketing for prescription drugs to consumers have become important. Direct-to-consumer media ... BORHANI NO, HECHTER HH (1964). "Recent Changes in CVR Disease Mortality in California: An Epidemiologic Appraisal". Public ... Tracy RE, White S (February 2002). "A method for quantifying adrenocortical nodular hyperplasia at autopsy: some use of the ... Industrial chemist Jōkichi Takamine later developed a method for obtaining epinephrine in a pure state, and licensed the ...
Statistical methods are frequently used to assess the strength of an association and to provide causal evidence, for example in ... For example, driving-while-intoxicated (DWI) history is a risk marker for pilots as epidemiologic studies indicate that pilots ...
Large well-controlled epidemiologic studies have been conducted and the results do not support the hypothesis that vaccines ... Further, identification methods for potential pathogens were not available until the late 19th to early 20th century. Diseases ... The final stages of the campaign generally referred to as "surveillance containment", owed much to the Leicester method. In the ... The reason for this was that vaccination was introduced before laboratory methods were developed to control its production and ...
One type of contraceptive includes barrier methods. One barrier method includes condoms for males and females. Both types stop ... Shah M, Risher K, Berry SA, Dowdy DW (January 2016). "The Epidemiologic and Economic Impact of Improving HIV Testing, Linkage, ... and acceptable methods of family planning of their choice, as well as other methods of birth control which are not against the ... they were unable to service people who required this method of contraceptive care. Another dispensary which carried two methods ...
"EO, or electrochemical oxidation, is a simple, clean, and effective method for destruction of PFASs and other co-contaminants ... Olsen GW, Gilliland FD, Burlew MM, Burris JM, Mandel JS, Mandel JH (July 1998). "An epidemiologic investigation of reproductive ... "ORD subset of PFAS with ongoing work methods; CompTox Chemicals Dashboard" (PDF). EPA. March 11, 2019. Archived (PDF) from the ... Perry MJ, Nguyen GN, Porter ND (2016). "The Current Epidemiologic Evidence on Exposures to Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances ...
An optimized method for routine HLA-B27 screening using flow cytometry. Cytometry, 1994; 18:21-29. Strauss K, F. Hulstaert, V. ... A pan-European epidemiologic study of insulin injection technique in patients with diabetes. Pract Diab Int 2002;19:71-76. ...
The traditional methods of investigating the possible hereditary basis of GAD include using family studies and twin studies ( ... Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions". Psychological Medicine. 35 (12): 1747-59. ... Cognitive therapy (CT) is premised upon the idea that anxiety is the result of maladaptive beliefs and methods of thinking. ... International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research. 21 (3): 169-184. doi:10.1002/mpr.1359. ISSN 1557-0657. PMC 4005415. ...
A major US insurance company[which?] states that "there are no widely accepted methods for detecting impairment from marijuana ... Epidemiologic Reviews, 34 (1): 65-72, doi:10.1093/epirev/mxr017, PMC 3276316, PMID 21976636 Raikos, Nikolaos; et al. (October ...
Psychotherapy, which was offered as a prepaid benefit, was studied as a method to reduce primary care visits while also more ... Findings from the Institute of Mental Health Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program". Archives of General Psychiatry. 50 (2): 95- ... 2006). A controlled trial of methods for managing pain with or without co-occurring psychological problems. Annals of Family ...
Her methods proved convincing and led to reforms in military and civilian hospitals, usually with the full support of the ... Morabia A (December 2007). "Epidemiologic interactions, complexity, and the lonesome death of Max von Pettenkofer". American ... He was best known to the general public for inventing a method to treat milk and wine in order to prevent it from causing ... John Snow in London developed the methods. In 1849, he observed that the symptoms of cholera, which had already claimed around ...
... as it is the only reliably effective method for relieving the symptoms of the arrhythmia and can be used when other methods ... Wolf PA, Dawber TR, Thomas HE, Kannel WB (1978). "Epidemiologic assessment of chronic atrial fibrillation and risk of stroke: ... Whichever method of cardioversion is used, approximately 50% of patients relapse within one year, although the continued daily ... Ablation (AF ablation) is a method that increasingly is used to treat cases of recurrent AF that are unresponsive to ...
Several modified ORAC methods have been proposed. Most of them employ the same principle (i.e. measurement of AAPH-radical ... Arts IC, Hollman PC (2005). "Polyphenols and disease risk in epidemiologic studies". Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 81 (1 Suppl): 317S-325S ... Methods in Molecular Biology. Vol. 594. pp. 251-62. doi:10.1007/978-1-60761-411-1_17. ISBN 978-1-60761-410-4. PMID 20072922. ... Drawbacks of this method are: 1) only antioxidant activity against particular (probably mainly peroxyl) radicals is measured; ...
... data collection methods, and data sets Utilizing various methods and technology to interpret and communicate data to diverse ... and mitigating emerging health threats through epidemiologic identification Monitoring real-time health status and identifying ...
The most effective method to prevent infection is to protect from sand fly bites. To decrease the risk of being bitten, these ... "Epidemiologic Correlates of Mortality among Symptomatic Visceral Leishmaniasis Cases: Findings from Situation Assessment in ...
This protein has significant epidemiologic importance to the hepatitis B virus as well as the potential of being carrier of ... Hosseini Tafreshi A, Shariati M (July 2009). "Dunaliella biotechnology: methods and applications". Journal of Applied ...
1944 The Epidemiologic Side of Toxicology (slides 6 - 10 deal with the Jamaica Ginger Epidemic) Songs about jake leg. The Jake ... where it was a convenient and legal method of obtaining alcohol. It was often mixed with a soft drink to improve the taste. ...
Participants also learn methods for tracking implementation progress, assessing desired changes in participants, and using this ... Fagan, A.A., Hawkins, J.D., Catalano, R.F. (2008). Using community epidemiologic data to improve social settings: The ... This research has identified the predictors of youth problem behaviors, developed epidemiologic assessment tools for measuring ... and methods of delivery, and evaluating progress over time. CTC activities are planned and carried out by the CTC Community ...
Savage A, Eaton KA, Moles DR, Needleman I (June 2009). "A systematic review of definitions of periodontitis and methods that ... Epidemiologic Reviews. 39 (1): 49-58. doi:10.1093/epirev/mxx006. ISSN 0193-936X. PMC 5868279. PMID 28449041. Gomes-Filho, Isaac ... Dental check-ups serve to monitor the person's oral hygiene methods and levels of attachment around teeth, identify any early ...
The WHO's study methods were criticized by some analyses. While life-expectancy and infant mortality are commonly used in ... Hsing AW, Devesa SS (2001). "Trends and patterns of prostate cancer: what do they suggest?". Epidemiologic Reviews. 23 (1): 3- ...
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Epidemiologic Notes and Reports Alternative Case-Finding Methods in a Crack-Related Syphilis Epidemic -- Philadelphia Use of ... Evaluations of alternative case-finding methods should ideally assess their effectiveness in reducing syphilis transmission and ... alternative case-finding methods are needed. This report describes efforts by the PDPH to identify persons infected with ... The alternative case-finding method used by PDPH was based on serologic screening at locations identified during interviews of ...
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... dc.contributor ... Development of rapid epidemiologic assessment methods to evaluate health status and delivery of health services. en_US. ...
Occupational and Environmental Medicine Apr 2017, 74 (4) 290-293; DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2016-103753 ...
Need for improved methods to collect and present spatial epidemiologic data for vectorborne diseases.Emerg Infect Dis. 2007;13: ... Improving Methods for Reporting Spatial Epidemiologic Data. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2008;14(8):1335-1337. doi:10.3201/ ... Peterson, A. T. (2008). Improving Methods for Reporting Spatial Epidemiologic Data. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 14(8), 1335- ... Improving Methods for Reporting Spatial Epidemiologic Data. Volume 14, Number 8-August 2008 ...
A detailed civilian vascular trauma registry provides a unique opportunity for an epidemiologic evolutionary profi … ... Large epidemiologic analyses of cardiovascular injuries have been limited to studies of military campaigns compiled from many ... Epidemiologic evolution 1958 to 1987 Ann Surg. 1989 Jun;209(6):698-705; discussion 706-7. doi: 10.1097/00000658-198906000-00007 ... Large epidemiologic analyses of cardiovascular injuries have been limited to studies of military campaigns compiled from many ...
EPI 513 Epidemiologic Methods II EPI 513 Epidemiologic Methods II. EPI 513 Epidemiologic Methods Ii (4) Considers how ... Covers infectious disease epidemiologic studies, randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, cross- ... epidemiologic studies may be designed to maximize etiologic inference. ...
An introduction to epidemiologic methods / Harold A. Kahn. By: Kahn, Harold AMaterial type: TextSeries: Monographs in ... WA 950 83KA An introduction to epidemiologic methods / WA 950 83KA-1 Feeling the nations pulse : WA 950 83LU V1 Enquête sur la ... Epidemiologic methodsNLM classification: WA 950 Tags from this library: No tags from this library for this title. Log in to add ...
Epidemiologic Methods, 2nd Ed. Author: Weiss, Koepsell Category: epidemiology, intermediate Publisher: Oxford University Press ...
Intermediate Epidemiologic Methods HSCI 805 (3) Designing, conducting, analyzing, and interpreting epidemiologic research. ... Critical assessment of the epidemiologic and public health literature. Prerequisite: HSCI 801 and 802. ...
Johnson-Lawrence is a social epidemiologist interested in the application of epidemiologic methods that capture the dynamic ...
Need for improved methods to collect and present spatial epidemiologic data for vectorborne diseases.Emerg Infect Dis. 2007;13: ... Improving Methods for Reporting Spatial Epidemiologic Data. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2008;14(8):1335-1337. doi:10.3201/ ... Peterson, A. T. (2008). Improving Methods for Reporting Spatial Epidemiologic Data. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 14(8), 1335- ... Improving Methods for Reporting Spatial Epidemiologic Data. Volume 14, Number 8-August 2008 ...
Since 1977, SER has sponsored an annual student workshop on epidemiologic methods to support doctoral students in their ... questions about appropriate methods, methodological challenges, alternative methods, or sensitivity analyses). The application ... Only doctoral students in epidemiology, or related doctoral programs whose thesis involves an epidemiologic study, are eligible ... immediately preceding the 2023 Society for Epidemiologic Research Annual Meeting (June 13-16, 2023). Dr. Bill Miller, SER ...
OOMPH Library Resources: PHW 250/250B Epidemiologic Methods: Help/Off-Campus Access. ...
Epidemiologic Methods. Blood Transfusions. Additional relevant MeSH terms:. Layout table for MeSH terms. ...
Discuss how epidemiologic methods are used to evaluate Healthy People 2020 objectives. Give an example.. June 14, 2021. by Best ... Discuss how epidemiologic methods are used to evaluate Healthy People 2020 objectives. Give an example. The example can be one ...
Evolution of epidemiologic methods and concepts in selected textbooks of the 20th century. In: Sozial- und Praventivmedizin. ... Evolution of epidemiologic methods and concepts in selected textbooks of the 20th century. / Zhang, Fang F.; Michaels, Desireé ... Evolution of epidemiologic methods and concepts in selected textbooks of the 20th century. Sozial- und Praventivmedizin. 2004 ... Dive into the research topics of Evolution of epidemiologic methods and concepts in selected textbooks of the 20th century. ...
I will speak very briefly about the methods that were used.. First, the surveys were done via telephone using epidemiologic ... sampling methods. Parents of children who were the points of interest in this study were interviewed. There were no diagnostic ...
Epidemiologic methods; Farm; Injury; Nonresponse bias; Occupational health; Ranch; Safety; Surveillance; Survey ... Methods accounted for correlated data, sample size inflation of p-values, and assessment of meaningful differences. Few ...
Epidemiologic Methods. Environmental Sciences. Clinical Medicine and Nephrology. #Nephrology #Nephrology Center #Medical ...
Categories: Epidemiologic Methods Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, ...
Nearly half were epidemiologic studies; others described or applied epidemiologic methods (Table). ... Epidemiologic or statistical methods development. Of the 111 articles that described research on microbial genomes (bacterial, ... Genomes are found at all three corners of the epidemiologic triangle: human or animal hosts are engaged in genomic contests ... The focus is on pathogen genomes, applying advances in molecular and bioinformatics methods first developed for human genome ...
An analysis by DNA fingerprinting and conventional epidemiologic methods. N Engl J Med 1994;330:1710-6. * Gordin FM, Nelson ET ... The Mantoux-method TST, with 5 TU of purified protein derivative, is used to diagnose M. tuberculosis infection. A TST reaction ... A molecular and epidemiologic study of rifampin-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis at an inner city hospital, 1991 ... In prospective epidemiologic studies, investigators have estimated that the annual rate of TB disease among untreated, ...
EPI 550 Epidemiologic Methods II. *EPI 570 Infectious Disease Dynamics: Theories and Models ...
Methods. This thesis utilised a mixed-method approach to answer epidemiologic and functioning questions. A prospective, ... Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in South Africa and Sweden - Epidemiologic Features and Functioning Doktorsavhandling ... Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in South Africa and Sweden - Epidemiologic Features and Functioning ...
Eaton, W. W., Kessler, L. G. (eds.): Epidemiologic Field Methods in Psychiatry: The NIMH Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program. ... i) of the Delves method (Ref. j). Quantitation is based on the measurement of light absorbed at 283.3 nm by ground state atoms ... m). The cholesterol method used in the Johns Hopkins Lipid Research Clinic Laboratory was standardized according to the ... Regier, D. A., Myers, J. K., Kramer, M., Robins, L. N., et al.: The NIMH Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program. Arch Gen ...
Epidemiologic Methods [E05.318]. *Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic [E05.318.760]. *Epidemiologic Studies [E05.318. ... Epidemiologic Methods [N06.850.520]. *Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic [N06.850.520.450]. *Epidemiologic Studies [ ...
20]. Greenland S. Quantitative methods in the review of epidemiologic literature. Epidemiol Rev 1987;9:1-30.. * Cited Here ... Egger linear regression method had stronger statistical and discriminatory powers than other Begg method and Macaskill method ... 2 Materials and methods. 2.1 Literature search. We systematically searched the Cochrane Collaboration, PubMed, and CNKI (China ... Methods: We retrieved data from the Cochrane Collaboration, PubMed, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) ...
  • SER seeks applications from doctoral students to participate in the workshop to be held in Portland, OR, immediately preceding the 2023 Society for Epidemiologic Research Annual Meeting (June 13-16, 2023). (epiresearch.org)
  • An introduction to epidemiologic methods / Harold A. Kahn. (who.int)
  • At UC Berkeley, Dr. McCoy teaches introduction to epidemiologic methods (PH250A) and co-teaches a course on the epidemiology and control of infectious diseases (PH253B). (berkeley.edu)
  • EPID 741 Intermediate Epidemiologic Methods. (sc.edu)
  • Covers methods focusing on competencies, skills, and characteristics essential to the practice of public health. (sc.edu)
  • We investigated epidemiologic and molecular characteristics of healthcare-associated (HA) and community-associated (CA) Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) among adult patients in Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program hospitals during 2015-2019. (cdc.gov)
  • Understanding jurisdictional epidemiologic characteristics for the most common Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotyped clusters is needed for tuberculosis prevention programs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To better plan and finance TB control and prevention strategies, responsible public health programs need an accurate description of current TB epidemiologic trends within jurisdictions including common genotype clusters and their epidemiologic characteristics. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has a dynamic TB epidemiologic platform which stores information in the TB Genotyping Management System (TB GIMS) [ 4 ] including select patient-level surveillance data from the U.S. Public Health Service mandated (and required) Report of Verified Case of Tuberculosis [ 5 ] (RVCT) and genotyping cluster information such as GENTypes defined as Mtb isolates with identical spoligotype and VNTR-MIRU patterns. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dr. Chrysanthopoulou teaches Statistical Methods for Survival and Longitudinal Data Analysis (CTS603B), Introduction to Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (CTS605A) and Simulation studies for Epidemiologic Research (CTS712). (umassmed.edu)
  • Changing epidemiology of small-cell lung cancer in the United States over the last 30 years: analysis of the surveillance, epidemiologic, and end results database. (jto.org)
  • How specifically would this method be implemented in public health surveillance? (cdc.gov)
  • Of the 58 human-derived samples, 26 (45%) were collected through surveillance or epidemiologic surveys and 10 (17%) were from outbreaks. (cdc.gov)
  • Nous avons effectué en 2000 une analyse de base parmi les nouveaux donneurs de compensation à la banque de sang du Centre hospitalo-universitaire pour les spécialités médicales de Jinnah en vue de mettre en place une surveillance sentinelle à faible coût pour ces infections. (who.int)
  • It remains important to collect data-driven information on key priority areas that can help CDC and public health partners continue to fill critical scientific gaps, build on knowledge gained and advances made, and inform evidence-based decision-making for continued intervention through public health surveillance and epidemiologic research. (cdc.gov)
  • Within these topic areas, 15 priority public health science questions relate to the broad scope of CDC's scientific work, both in the United States and globally, including public health surveillance, epidemiologic research, implementation science, and evaluation. (cdc.gov)
  • Improved surveillance that combines rapid subtyping methods, cluster identification, and collaborative epidemiologic investigation can identify and halt large, dispersed outbreaks. (cdc.gov)
  • The remainder of the book applies establishing a nation-wide abortion surveillance epidemiologic methods to critically examining system. (bvsalud.org)
  • The Marshall Joffe Epidemiologic Methods Research Award is awarded annually to recognize outstanding accomplishments in developing, adapting, or translating a methodological concept or approach whose usefulness has been demonstrated through fruitful adoption in epidemiology, including applied population health research settings. (epiresearch.org)
  • Since 1977, SER has sponsored an annual student workshop on epidemiologic methods to support doctoral students in their dissertation research. (epiresearch.org)
  • Conceptual foundation of epidemiologic research, quantitative methods, and epidemiologic study design. (sc.edu)
  • Intended for those who will be involved in epidemiologic research. (sc.edu)
  • The focus is on pathogen genomes, applying advances in molecular and bioinformatics methods first developed for human genome research. (cdc.gov)
  • Professor Desai's expertise is in the application of epidemiologic methods to clinical and health services research. (yale.edu)
  • 3 credits) MHS 5510-Research Methods This course is designed to enable participants to develop skills in reading and critically evaluating published research using the scientific model. (nova.edu)
  • The advantages and disadvantages of quantitative and qualitative research methods will be compared and contrasted. (nova.edu)
  • The student will be introduced to principles and methods of epidemiologic research. (nova.edu)
  • Missing data are a frequently encountered problem in epidemiologic and clinical research. (cmaj.ca)
  • A third method, the missing-indicator method, is specifically proposed for missing confounder data in etiologic research. (cmaj.ca)
  • The missing-indicator method was proposed for missing confounder data in etiologic research 7 , 8 and has since received much attention in the medical literature. (cmaj.ca)
  • Dr. Dubé teaches Ethics for Clinical Research (CTS702) and Qualitative Methods for Health Research (CTS732). (umassmed.edu)
  • To achieve these goals, Dr. McCoy uses a variety of quantitative and qualitative research methods from epidemiology, impact evaluation, implementation science, behavioral science, and human-centered design. (berkeley.edu)
  • and epidemiologic methods for clinical, observational and community-based research. (umn.edu)
  • She has explored questions in these areas using a combination of epidemiologic, informatics, and qualitative research methods. (osu.edu)
  • Research techniques that focus on study designs and data gathering methods in human and animal populations. (bvsalud.org)
  • Brigham and Women's Hospital Department of Medicine Phar Epid & Phar Econ 75 Francis Street Boston, MA 02115: Edit Profile: Research Narrative: As a pharmacoepidemiologist, my main research theme is the development and application of epidemiologic and statistical. (craftofcopy.com)
  • Our research uses implementation science methods to determine the acceptability, appropriateness, cost, feasibility, fidelity, reach, and sustainability of different strategies to increase the impact of clinical interventions. (washington.edu)
  • Eisen and Eisen correctly pointed out that these problems complicate spatial analyses of epidemiologic data ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Large epidemiologic analyses of cardiovascular injuries have been limited to studies of military campaigns compiled from many surgeons working in many hospitals with variable protocols. (nih.gov)
  • Examples of appropriate timing of the workshop in the student's dissertation process include during dissertation proposal development (e.g. questions about the study design or appropriate analyses) and during the analysis phase of the dissertation (e.g. questions about appropriate methods, methodological challenges, alternative methods, or sensitivity analyses). (epiresearch.org)
  • Methods Analyses were conducted using patients from the Epidemiologic Study of CF (ESCF). (arizona.edu)
  • In this paper, we present a recently developed evidence synthesis method of a dose-effect meta-analysis (DE-MA) approach that offers a middle ground between 'lumping' all doses together into a single meta-analysis and 'splitting' them to many dose-specific meta-analyses. (bmj.com)
  • Methods The authors conducted Cox proportional hazards regression analyses of lung cancer risk with cumulative, mean and maximum 'daily weighted average' (DWA) exposure among 5436 workers, using age-based risk sets. (bmj.com)
  • The majority of the isolates, 68.2% (n=232), nique in the ongoing global molecular epidemiologic survey of were VNI (var. (cdc.gov)
  • The aims of this study were the following: 1) to extend the from the environment, which primarily colonize the lung and molecular epidemiologic survey to other parts of the world, 2) subsequently invade the central nervous system (4). (cdc.gov)
  • Although endometriosis cannot be termed a premalignant condition, epidemiologic, histopathologic, and molecular data suggest that this disease does have malignant potential. (vejthani.com)
  • A number of methods have been developed for the in vivo determination of bone density in patients at risk for osteoporosis. (medscape.com)
  • He completed his internal medicine training at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, MA and dermatology training at the University of Maryland Medical Center in Baltimore, MD. Throughout his medical and public health training, he has authored several wide-scale epidemiologic studies with a focus on skin cancer prevention and quality of life studies focused on patients with melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers, in addition to hair loss disorders. (skymd.com)
  • Emphasis on epidemiologic methods basic to investigation, prevention and control of infectious diseases. (sc.edu)
  • EPID 747 Environmental Epidemiology (3) (Prereq: EPID 700, BIOS 700) (spring of every even year) Emphasis on the epidemiology of selected environmental factors which may affect human health including the identification of health hazards and methods of investigation. (sc.edu)
  • An outbreak investigation or epidemiologic study should go beyond identifying a suspected food and pulling it from the shelf to defining the chain of events that allowed contamination with an organism in large enough numbers to cause illness. (cdc.gov)
  • Imported-virus case: a case for which an epidemiologic link to an internationally imported case was not identified, but for which viral genetic evidence indicates an imported measles genotype, i.e., a genotype that is not occurring within the United States in a pattern indicative of endemic transmission. (cdc.gov)
  • Considers how epidemiologic studies may be designed to maximize etiologic inference. (washington.edu)
  • Covers infectious disease epidemiologic studies, randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, ecological and multilevel studies, and selected topics such as meta-analysis. (washington.edu)
  • By reviewing eight epidemiology textbooks published over the course of a century, we have attempted to trace the evolution of five epidemiologic concepts and methods: study design (cohort studies and case-control studies), confounding, bias, interaction and causal inference. (smu.ac.za)
  • 3 , 4 Donders and colleagues focused on missing covariate data in nonrandomized studies and argued that the missing-indicator method would very likely produce biased results. (cmaj.ca)
  • We review the missing-indicator method and illustrate its validity, using real data with incomplete covariates from randomized and nonrandomized studies. (cmaj.ca)
  • This simple method for detecting and characterizing hantaviruses has potential for epidemiologic studies and for diagnosing human hantavirus infections. (ajtmh.org)
  • 8,9 Much of the scant existing data on the epidemiologic features of AF in Asians is small-scale data from Japanese studies. (e-arrhythmia.org)
  • This alternative approach complements current methods, which include surveys, direct observations, and naturalistic studies. (chop.edu)
  • Methods used to assess morbidity varied between studies. (bmj.com)
  • Depressive symptoms were measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. (bhthechange.org)
  • Serum uric acid and cardiovascular mortality the NHANES I epidemiologic follow-up study, 1971-1992. (jmgumst.com)
  • The PhD program is comprised of a core curriculum in advanced quantitative methods, epidemiology, population health measurement, impact evaluations, and implementation science methods. (washington.edu)
  • A recent perspective in this journal ( 1 ) pointed out problems with the present, county-referenced system for reporting spatial epidemiologic data. (cdc.gov)
  • However, the solutions that they propose, referencing epidemiologic data to ZIP codes or census tracts, partially solve only the first problem. (cdc.gov)
  • Methods accounted for correlated data, sample size inflation of p-values, and assessment of meaningful differences. (cdc.gov)
  • Application of epidemiologic methods to current health problems through analysis of secondary data. (sc.edu)
  • In contrast, White and Thompson focused on missing baseline covariate data in randomized trials and found that the missing-indicator method produced unbiased estimates of the treatment effect. (cmaj.ca)
  • The simplest method to handle missing covariate data is to omit from the analysis participants with any missing data (i.e., perform an analysis of available or complete data only). (cmaj.ca)
  • Unlike standard epidemiologic methods that rely on complete data, modeling is needed when there are gaps in data. (cdc.gov)
  • An epidemiologic method for assessing the effectiveness of hearing conservation programs using audiometric data. (cdc.gov)
  • We comparatively investigated new machine learning methods applied to these data, toward the acquisition of a quantitative signature of the neurodevelopmental deficits, and the development of an objective, high-throughput screening tool to identify children/youth with FASD. (frontiersin.org)
  • This is the first book on statistical methods for seasonal data written for a health audience. (uthsc.edu)
  • It describes methods for a range of outcomes (including continuous, count and binomial data) and demonstrates appropriate techniques for summarising and modelling these data. (uthsc.edu)
  • 3. Data Collection--methods--United States. (cdc.gov)
  • METHODS: Using 2018 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Nationwide ED Sample (NEDS) data, we calculated weighted counts and percentages by drug among overdose-related ED visits. (cdc.gov)
  • These unique pilot data strongly suggest a high prevalence of related risk factors for heart disease in this urban black African population in epidemiologic transition. (nih.gov)
  • Genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) isolates is used to identify tuberculosis (TB) cases that are closely related and when combined with epidemiologic data can be used to characterize jurisdictional Mtb strain transmission dynamics. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 5 Although smoking data were available for only a subset (25%) of cohort members, the positive exposure-response associations observed in that study showed little evidence of confounding by smoking, as measured by indirect methods. (bmj.com)
  • In the current study, we investigate and describe the 5 largest clusters of genotyped TB cases in HC between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2015 and analyze epidemiologic trends of TB in this large, highly populated U.S. county. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The use of statistical and mathematical methods to analyze biological observations and phenomena. (bvsalud.org)
  • The study intended to analyze physician's post medical error disclosure method. (toto365.in)
  • Methods: We did a retrospective case-control study in Baghdad-Iraq. (scirp.org)
  • Health status of populations and conceptual tools for translating epidemiologic findings into public health action. (sc.edu)
  • With these findings, we created a guide for selecting modeling approaches illustrating the decision-maker contexts and policy objectives for which each method may be useful. (ispor.org)
  • 2 These methods can be applied equally for missing outcomes, missing exposures and missing covariates. (cmaj.ca)
  • Dr. Lapane teaches Advanced Epidemiologic Methods (CTS602B), Comprehensive Project (CTS604), and Advanced Analysis of Health Outcomes (CTS716). (umassmed.edu)
  • First, the surveys were done via telephone using epidemiologic sampling methods. (medscape.com)
  • Methods We explore immunologic and epidemiologic mechanisms that may underlie epidemic norovirus transmission dynamics using a disease transmission model. (medrxiv.org)
  • Dr. Johnson-Lawrence is a social epidemiologist interested in the application of epidemiologic methods that capture the dynamic nature of psychosocial factors over the life course, and how these factors contribute to chronic disease risk. (umich.edu)
  • Matériels et méthode Il s'agissait d'une étude transversale descriptive menée en consultation sur une période de six mois allant de janvier 2018 à juin 2018 dans l'unité d'ORL-CCF du Centre de Santé de Référence de la Commune V de Bamako. (bvsalud.org)
  • Only doctoral students in epidemiology, or related doctoral programs whose thesis involves an epidemiologic study, are eligible. (epiresearch.org)
  • This thesis utilised a mixed-method approach to answer epidemiologic and functioning questions. (aleris.se)
  • Epidemiologic risk prediction models could help identify women at increased risk who may benefit from targeted prevention measures, such as screening or chemopreventive agents. (uu.nl)
  • I recently published a study in Traffic Injury Prevention that proposes an alternative epidemiologic method to estimating young novices' compliance with these restrictions, one which would allow us to test the effectiveness of policies and programs that aim to increase novice driver compliance with GDL restrictions. (chop.edu)
  • Critical assessment of the epidemiologic and public health literature. (sfu.ca)
  • Crossing Birthweight-Specific Mortality Curves: How a Puzzling Clinical Observation Led to an Important Advance in Epidemiologic Methods. (bvsalud.org)
  • Social/behavioral epidemiology recognizes that many of the major diseases affecting today's population are related to lifestyle, and that the behaviors themselves (and their determinants) are an important endpoint for epidemiologic study. (umn.edu)
  • In 2005 and 2006, two papers on the missing-indicator method were published, with conflicting conclusions. (cmaj.ca)
  • Its chapters, contributed by internationally renowned methodologists experienced in clinical trials, address topics that include Bayesian methods for phase I clinical trials, adaptive two-stage clinical trials, and the design and analysis of cluster randomization trials, trials with multiple endpoints, and therapeutic equivalence trials. (uthsc.edu)
  • Our goal is to provide a concise and trustworthy source of epidemiologic, clinical, and therapeutic information other related to COVID-19. (toto365.in)
  • Although the epidemiologic techniques and general principles remain valid, the usage described of certain drugs, vaccines, and other specific health-related strategies may be obsolete. (cdc.gov)
  • Provide technical assistance to other professionals on the use of complex statistical and epidemiologic techniques. (usajobs.gov)
  • Illustrate 3 economic evaluation methods whose value measures may be useful to decision makers considering vaccination programs. (ispor.org)
  • It has a practical focus and uses interesting examples to motivate and illustrate the methods. (uthsc.edu)
  • We illustrate the methods on a dataset of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants. (bmj.com)
  • CAUTION: This document was published by CDC in 1984 to record the experience and lessons learned from applying epidemiologic principles to humanitarian relief efforts in the late 1970s and early 1980s. (cdc.gov)
  • The application requires a summary of the dissertation topic, study design, and proposed methods. (epiresearch.org)
  • EPID 701 Concepts and Methods of Epidemiology. (sc.edu)
  • 4 credits) DHS 8810-Epidemiology and Global Health This course emphasizes the underlying concepts of the epidemiologic approach as it relates to pertinent global health issues. (nova.edu)
  • With global warming increasing the intensity of seasonal weather patterns around the world, a review of the methods for estimating seasonal effects on health is timely. (uthsc.edu)
  • Brazil has gone through fast demographic, epidemiologic and nutritional transitions and, despite recent improvements in wealth distribution, continues to present a high level of social and economic inequality. (biomedcentral.com)