Eosinophils. Medical search

Granular leukocytes with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by a slender thread of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and stainable by eosin.

A 66-kDa peroxidase found in EOSINOPHIL granules. Eosinophil peroxidase is a cationic protein with a pI of 10.8 and is comprised of a heavy chain subunit and a light chain subunit. It possesses cytotoxic activity towards BACTERIA and other organisms, which is attributed to its peroxidase activity.

Proteins found in EOSINOPHIL granules. They are primarily basic proteins that play a role in host defense and the proinflammatory actions of activated eosinophils.

Cytotaxins liberated from normal or invading cells that specifically attract eosinophils; they may be complement fragments, lymphokines, neutrophil products, histamine or other; the best known is the tetrapeptide ECF-A, released mainly by mast cells.

Abnormal increase of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, tissues or organs.

A cytokine that promotes differentiation and activation of EOSINOPHILS. It also triggers activated B-LYMPHOCYTES to differentiate into IMMUNOGLOBULIN-secreting cells.

One of several basic proteins released from EOSINOPHIL cytoplasmic granules. Eosinophil cationic protein is a 21-kDa cytotoxic peptide with a pI of 10.9. Although eosinophil cationic protein is considered a member of the RNAse A superfamily of proteins, it has only limited RNAse activity.

A CC-type chemokine that is specific for CCR3 RECEPTORS. It is a potent chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS.

One of several basic proteins released from EOSINOPHIL cytoplasmic granules. Eosinophil major basic protein is a 14-kDa cytotoxic peptide with a pI of 10.9. In addition to its direct cytotoxic effects, it stimulates the release of variety of INFLAMMATION MEDIATORS.

A 19-kDa cationic peptide found in EOSINOPHIL granules. Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin is a RIBONUCLEASE and may play a role as an endogenous antiviral agent.

Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds within RNA. EC 3.1.-.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL11 and a variety of other CC CHEMOKINES. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; EOSINOPHILS; BASOPHILS; and MAST CELLS.

A condition characterized by infiltration of the lung with EOSINOPHILS due to inflammation or other disease processes. Major eosinophilic lung diseases are the eosinophilic pneumonias caused by infections, allergens, or toxic agents.

A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR3 RECEPTORS. It is a chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS.

Group of chemokines with adjacent cysteines that are chemoattractants for lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils but not neutrophils.

A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).

The number of WHITE BLOOD CELLS per unit volume in venous BLOOD. A differential leukocyte count measures the relative numbers of the different types of white cells.

The process of losing secretory granules (SECRETORY VESICLES). This occurs, for example, in mast cells, basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils, and platelets when secretory products are released from the granules by EXOCYTOSIS.

Proteins that are present in blood serum, including SERUM ALBUMIN; BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS; and many other types of proteins.

The movement of leukocytes in response to a chemical concentration gradient or to products formed in an immunologic reaction.

A heterogeneous group of disorders with the common feature of prolonged eosinophilia of unknown cause and associated organ system dysfunction, including the heart, central nervous system, kidneys, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. There is a massive increase in the number of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, mimicking leukemia, and extensive eosinophilic infiltration of the various organs.

The conjugation product of LEUKOTRIENE A4 and glutathione. It is the major arachidonic acid metabolite in macrophages and human mast cells as well as in antigen-sensitized lung tissue. It stimulates mucus secretion in the lung, and produces contractions of nonvascular and some VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990)

An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.

Antigen-type substances that produce immediate hypersensitivity (HYPERSENSITIVITY, IMMEDIATE).

Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that particular antigen.

Washing liquid obtained from irrigation of the lung, including the BRONCHI and the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. It is generally used to assess biochemical, inflammatory, or infection status of the lung.

Tendency of the smooth muscle of the tracheobronchial tree to contract more intensely in response to a given stimulus than it does in the response seen in normal individuals. This condition is present in virtually all symptomatic patients with asthma. The most prominent manifestation of this smooth muscle contraction is a decrease in airway caliber that can be readily measured in the pulmonary function laboratory.

A phospholipid derivative formed by PLATELETS; BASOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and MACROPHAGES. It is a potent platelet aggregating agent and inducer of systemic anaphylactic symptoms, including HYPOTENSION; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; NEUTROPENIA; and BRONCHOCONSTRICTION.

Granular leukocytes having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.

An immunoglobulin associated with MAST CELLS. Overexpression has been associated with allergic hypersensitivity (HYPERSENSITIVITY, IMMEDIATE).

A form of hypersensitivity affecting the respiratory tract. It includes ASTHMA and RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL.

An acidic glycoprotein of MW 23 kDa with internal disulfide bonds. The protein is produced in response to a number of inflammatory mediators by mesenchymal cells present in the hemopoietic environment and at peripheral sites of inflammation. GM-CSF is able to stimulate the production of neutrophilic granulocytes, macrophages, and mixed granulocyte-macrophage colonies from bone marrow cells and can stimulate the formation of eosinophil colonies from fetal liver progenitor cells. GM-CSF can also stimulate some functional activities in mature granulocytes and macrophages.

Granular leukocytes characterized by a relatively pale-staining, lobate nucleus and cytoplasm containing coarse dark-staining granules of variable size and stainable by basic dyes.

Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.

Condensed areas of cellular material that may be bounded by a membrane.

Cell surface receptors that are specific for INTERLEUKIN-5. They are heterodimeric proteins consisting of the INTERLEUKIN-5 RECEPTOR ALPHA SUBUNIT and the CYTOKINE RECEPTOR COMMON BETA SUBUNIT. Signaling from interleukin-5 receptors can occur through interaction of their cytoplasmic domains with SYNTENINS.

The major metabolite in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It stimulates polymorphonuclear cell function (degranulation, formation of oxygen-centered free radicals, arachidonic acid release, and metabolism). (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990)

Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.

INFLAMMATION of PLEURA, the lining of the LUNG. When PARIETAL PLEURA is involved, there is pleuritic CHEST PAIN.

Cell-surface glycoprotein beta-chains that are non-covalently linked to specific alpha-chains of the CD11 family of leukocyte-adhesion molecules (RECEPTORS, LEUKOCYTE-ADHESION). A defect in the gene encoding CD18 causes LEUKOCYTE-ADHESION DEFICIENCY SYNDROME.

Subset of helper-inducer T-lymphocytes which synthesize and secrete the interleukins IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-10. These cytokines influence B-cell development and antibody production as well as augmenting humoral responses.

Material coughed up from the lungs and expectorated via the mouth. It contains MUCUS, cellular debris, and microorganisms. It may also contain blood or pus.

A low affinity interleukin-5 receptor subunit that combines with the CYTOKINE RECEPTOR COMMON BETA SUBUNIT to form a high affinity receptor for INTERLEUKIN-5. Several isoforms of the interleukin-5 receptor alpha subunit exist due to multiple ALTERNATIVE SPLICING.

An integrin alpha subunit that is unique in that it does not contain an I domain, and its proteolytic cleavage site is near the middle of the extracellular portion of the polypeptide rather than close to the membrane as in other integrin alpha subunits.

A multilineage cell growth factor secreted by LYMPHOCYTES; EPITHELIAL CELLS; and ASTROCYTES which stimulates clonal proliferation and differentiation of various types of blood and tissue cells.

A CC-type chemokine that is a chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS; MONOCYTES; and LYMPHOCYTES. It is a potent and selective eosinophil chemotaxin that is stored in and released from PLATELETS and activated T-LYMPHOCYTES. Chemokine CCL5 is specific for CCR1 RECEPTORS; CCR3 RECEPTORS; and CCR5 RECEPTORS. The acronym RANTES refers to Regulated on Activation, Normal T Expressed and Secreted.

An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a single fatty acid ester bond in lysoglycerophosphatidates with the formation of glyceryl phosphatidates and a fatty acid. EC 3.1.1.5.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Hypersensitivity reactions which occur within minutes of exposure to challenging antigen due to the release of histamine which follows the antigen-antibody reaction and causes smooth muscle contraction and increased vascular permeability.

A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.

Focal accumulations of EDEMA fluid in the NASAL MUCOSA accompanied by HYPERPLASIA of the associated submucosal connective tissue. Polyps may be NEOPLASMS, foci of INFLAMMATION, degenerative lesions, or malformations.

The larger air passages of the lungs arising from the terminal bifurcation of the TRACHEA. They include the largest two primary bronchi which branch out into secondary bronchi, and tertiary bronchi which extend into BRONCHIOLES and PULMONARY ALVEOLI.

Chemokines that are chemoattractants for monocytes. These CC chemokines (cysteines adjacent) number at least three including CHEMOKINE CCL2.

Granulated cells that are found in almost all tissues, most abundantly in the skin and the gastrointestinal tract. Like the BASOPHILS, mast cells contain large amounts of HISTAMINE and HEPARIN. Unlike basophils, mast cells normally remain in the tissues and do not circulate in the blood. Mast cells, derived from the bone marrow stem cells, are regulated by the STEM CELL FACTOR.

A soluble factor produced by activated T-LYMPHOCYTES that induces the expression of MHC CLASS II GENES and FC RECEPTORS on B-LYMPHOCYTES and causes their proliferation and differentiation. It also acts on T-lymphocytes, MAST CELLS, and several other hematopoietic lineage cells.

A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.

Tests involving inhalation of allergens (nebulized or in dust form), nebulized pharmacologically active solutions (e.g., histamine, methacholine), or control solutions, followed by assessment of respiratory function. These tests are used in the diagnosis of asthma.

Cell surface glycoproteins that bind to chemokines and thus mediate the migration of pro-inflammatory molecules. The receptors are members of the seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor family. Like the CHEMOKINES themselves, the receptors can be divided into at least three structural branches: CR, CCR, and CXCR, according to variations in a shared cysteine motif.

The minor fragment formed when C5 convertase cleaves C5 into C5a and COMPLEMENT C5B. C5a is a 74-amino-acid glycopeptide with a carboxy-terminal ARGININE that is crucial for its spasmogenic activity. Of all the complement-derived anaphylatoxins, C5a is the most potent in mediating immediate hypersensitivity (HYPERSENSITIVITY, IMMEDIATE), smooth MUSCLE CONTRACTION; HISTAMINE RELEASE; and migration of LEUKOCYTES to site of INFLAMMATION.

The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.

A species of trematode blood flukes of the family Schistosomatidae. It is common in the Nile delta. The intermediate host is the planorbid snail. This parasite causes schistosomiasis mansoni and intestinal bilharziasis.

A group of LEUKOTRIENES; (LTC4; LTD4; and LTE4) that is the major mediator of BRONCHOCONSTRICTION; HYPERSENSITIVITY; and other allergic reactions. Earlier studies described a "slow-reacting substance of ANAPHYLAXIS" released from lung by cobra venom or after anaphylactic shock. The relationship between SRS-A leukotrienes was established by UV which showed the presence of the conjugated triene. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)

Conjunctivitis due to hypersensitivity to various allergens.

Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells.

Chemical substances that attract or repel cells. The concept denotes especially those factors released as a result of tissue injury, microbial invasion, or immunologic activity, that attract LEUKOCYTES; MACROPHAGES; or other cells to the site of infection or insult.

Integrin alpha4beta1 is a FIBRONECTIN and VCAM-1 receptor present on LYMPHOCYTES; MONOCYTES; EOSINOPHILS; NK CELLS and thymocytes. It is involved in both cell-cell and cell- EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX adhesion and plays a role in INFLAMMATION, hematopoietic cell homing and immune function, and has been implicated in skeletal MYOGENESIS; NEURAL CREST migration and proliferation, lymphocyte maturation and morphogenesis of the PLACENTA and HEART.

A cytokine synthesized by T-LYMPHOCYTES that produces proliferation, immunoglobulin isotype switching, and immunoglobulin production by immature B-LYMPHOCYTES. It appears to play a role in regulating inflammatory and immune responses.

Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.

Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose similar to that found in hay fever except that symptoms persist throughout the year. The causes are usually air-borne allergens, particularly dusts, feathers, molds, animal fur, etc.

Agents that are used to treat allergic reactions. Most of these drugs act by preventing the release of inflammatory mediators or inhibiting the actions of released mediators on their target cells. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p475)

A quaternary ammonium parasympathomimetic agent with the muscarinic actions of ACETYLCHOLINE. It is hydrolyzed by ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE at a considerably slower rate than ACETYLCHOLINE and is more resistant to hydrolysis by nonspecific CHOLINESTERASES so that its actions are more prolonged. It is used as a parasympathomimetic bronchoconstrictor agent and as a diagnostic aid for bronchial asthma. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1116)

Chronic ESOPHAGITIS characterized by esophageal mucosal EOSINOPHILIA. It is diagnosed when an increase in EOSINOPHILS are present over the entire esophagus. The reflux symptoms fail to respond to PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS treatment, unlike in GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE. The symptoms are associated with IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to food or inhalant allergens.

A phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor with antidepressant properties.

Fluid obtained by THERAPEUTIC IRRIGATION or washout of the nasal cavity and NASAL MUCOSA. The resulting fluid is used in cytologic and immunologic assays of the nasal mucosa such as with the NASAL PROVOCATION TEST in the diagnosis of nasal hypersensitivity.

An adhesion-promoting leukocyte surface membrane heterodimer. The alpha subunit consists of the CD11b ANTIGEN and the beta subunit the CD18 ANTIGEN. The antigen, which is an integrin, functions both as a receptor for complement 3 and in cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesive interactions.

A monocyte chemoattractant protein that has activity towards a broad variety of immune cell types. Chemokine CCL7 has specificity for CCR1 RECEPTORS; CCR2 RECEPTORS; and CCR5 RECEPTORS.

A family of biologically active compounds derived from arachidonic acid by oxidative metabolism through the 5-lipoxygenase pathway. They participate in host defense reactions and pathophysiological conditions such as immediate hypersensitivity and inflammation. They have potent actions on many essential organs and systems, including the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and central nervous system as well as the gastrointestinal tract and the immune system.

An infection with TRICHINELLA. It is caused by eating raw or undercooked meat that is infected with larvae of nematode worms TRICHINELLA genus. All members of the TRICHINELLA genus can infect human in addition to TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS, the traditional etiological agent. It is distributed throughout much of the world and is re-emerging in some parts as a public health hazard and a food safety problem.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

A chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee. In infants it is known as infantile eczema.

A class of drugs designed to prevent leukotriene synthesis or activity by blocking binding at the receptor level.

Differentiation antigens residing on mammalian leukocytes. CD stands for cluster of differentiation, which refers to groups of monoclonal antibodies that show similar reactivity with certain subpopulations of antigens of a particular lineage or differentiation stage. The subpopulations of antigens are also known by the same CD designation.

A formylated tripeptide originally isolated from bacterial filtrates that is positively chemotactic to polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and causes them to release lysosomal enzymes and become metabolically activated.

Cytokine-induced cell adhesion molecule present on activated endothelial cells, tissue macrophages, dendritic cells, bone marrow fibroblasts, myoblasts, and myotubes. It is important for the recruitment of leukocytes to sites of inflammation. (From Pigott & Power, The Adhesion Molecule FactsBook, 1993, p154)

Allergic rhinitis that occurs at the same time every year. It is characterized by acute CONJUNCTIVITIS with lacrimation and ITCHING, and regarded as an allergic condition triggered by specific ALLERGENS.

Leukocytes with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. They are divided into three groups according to the staining properties of the granules: neutrophilic, eosinophilic, and basophilic. Mature granulocytes are the NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and BASOPHILS.

The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.

Prolonged eosinophil accumulation in allergic lung interstitium of ICAM-2 deficient mice results in extended hyperresponsiveness. (1/3575)

ICAM-2-deficient mice exhibit prolonged accumulation of eosinophils in lung interstitium concomitant with a delayed increase in eosinophil numbers in the airway lumen during the development of allergic lung inflammation. The ICAM-2-dependent increased and prolonged accumulation of eosinophils in lung interstitium results in prolonged, heightened airway hyperresponsiveness. These findings reveal an essential role for ICAM-2 in the development of the inflammatory and respiratory components of allergic lung disease. This phenotype is caused by the lack of ICAM-2 expression on non-hematopoietic cells. ICAM-2 deficiency on endothelial cells causes reduced eosinophil transmigration in vitro. ICAM-2 is not essential for lymphocyte homing or the development of leukocytes, with the exception of megakaryocyte progenitors, which are significantly reduced. (+info)

Clonality of isolated eosinophils in the hypereosinophilic syndrome. (2/3575)

The idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (IHES) is a rare disorder characterized by unexplained, persistent eosinophilia associated with multiple organ dysfunction due to eosinophilic tissue infiltration. In the absence of karyotypic abnormalities, there is no specific test to detect clonal eosinophilia in IHES. Analysis of X-chromosome inactivation patterns can be used to determine whether proliferative disorders are clonal in origin. Methylation of HpaII and Hha I sites near the polymorphic trinucleotide repeat of the human androgen receptor gene (HUMARA) has been shown to correlate with X-inactivation. In this study, we have used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with nested primers to analyze X-inactivation patterns of the HUMARA loci in purified eosinophils from female patients with eosinophilia. Peripheral blood eosinophils were isolated by their autofluoresence using flow cytometric sorting. Eosinophils purified from a female patient presenting with IHES were found to show a clonal pattern of X-inactivation. Eosinophil-depleted leukocytes from this patient were polyclonal by HUMARA analysis, thus excluding skewedness of random X-inactivation. After corticosteroid suppression of her blood eosinophilia, a clonal population of eosinophils could no longer be detected in purified eosinophils. In contrast, eosinophils purified from a patient with Churg-Strauss syndrome and from six patients with reactive eosinophilias attributed to allergy, parasitic infection, or drug reaction showed a polyclonal pattern of X-inactivation by HUMARA analysis. The finding of clonal eosinophilia in a patient presenting with IHES indicates that such patients may have, in reality, a low-grade clonal disorder that can be distinguished from reactive eosinophilias by HUMARA analysis. Further, the method described can be used to monitor disease progression. (+info)

Structural determinants of the eosinophil: chemotactic activity of the acidic tetrapeptides of eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis. (3/3575)

The acidic tetrapeptides of ECF-A, Ala/Val-Gly-Ser-Glu, exhibit peak in vitro chemotactic activity for human eosinophils at concentrations of 3 X 10(-8) M to 10(-6) M, and rapidly deactivate eosinophils to homologous and other stimuli at concentrations as low as 10(-10) M. The analogue Leu-Gly-Ser-Glu reaches peak activity at 10(-8)M-10(-7)M, while Phe-Gly-Ser-Glu requires 10(-4)M to elicit a peak response. Although inversion of the order of glycine and serine does not alter the eosinophil chemotactic activity of the tetrapeptides, deletion of glycine increases by 10-fold the concentration required for peak chemotactic activity, indicating the critical nature of the spacing between NH2- and COOH-terminal residues. The substituent COOH-terminal tripeptide, which is only marginally chemotactic, irreversibly suppresses eosinophil chemotactic responsiveness at a concentration 10,000-fold higher than concentrations necessary for deactivation by the intact tetrapeptide. The high concentration of tripeptide required for this cell directed effect, which is assumed to be analogous to deactivation, is attributed to the absence of the NH2-terminal residue which would facilitate effective interaction with the eosinophil. A substituent NH2-terminal tripeptide and amides of the NH2-terminal amino acids, which are devoid of chemotactic and deactivating activities, reversibly inhibit the tetrapeptide stimulus in a dose-response fashion. The additional finding that the NH2-terminal tripeptide protects the eosinophil from deactivation by the intact tetrapeptide confirms that the competitive interaction is stimulus specific. (+info)

Selective eosinophil transendothelial migration triggered by eotaxin via modulation of Mac-1/ICAM-1 and VLA-4/VCAM-1 interactions. (4/3575)

We have recently cloned eotaxin, a highly efficacious eosinophilic chemokine involved in the development of lung eosinophilia during allergic inflammatory reactions. To understand more precisely how eotaxin facilitates the specific migration of eosinophils, we have studied which adhesion receptors are essential for eotaxin action both in vivo and in vitro. Experiments using mice genetically deficient in adhesion receptors demonstrated that molecules previously reported to be involved in both leukocyte tethering/rolling (P-selectin and E-selectin) and in sticking/ transmigration (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) are required for eotaxin action in vivo. To further elucidate the mechanism(s) involved in this process, we have used an in vitro transendothelial chemotaxis model. mAb neutralization studies performed in this system suggest that the integrins Mac-1 (CD11b/18), VLA-4 (alpha4beta1) and LFA-1 (CD11a/18) are involved in the transendothelial chemotaxis of eosinophils to eotaxin. Accordingly, the expression of these integrins on eosinophils is elevated by direct action of this chemokine in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, our results suggest that eotaxin-induced eosinophil transendothelial migration in vivo and in vitro relies on Mac-1/ICAM-1 and VLA-4NCAM-1 interactions, the latter ones becoming more relevant at later time points of the eotaxin-induced recruitment process. (+info)

Airway inflammatory response to ozone in subjects with different asthma severity. (5/3575)

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether ozone exposure induces a similar airway inflammatory response in subjects with different degrees of asthma severity. Two groups of asthmatic subjects were studied: seven with intermittent mild asthma not requiring regular treatment (group A); and seven with persistent mild asthma requiring regular treatment with inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta2-agonists (group B). All subjects were exposed, in a randomized cross-over design, to air or O3 (0.26 parts per million (ppm) for 2 h with intermittent exercise); subjects in group B withdrew from regular treatment 72 h before each exposure. Before the exposure, and 1 and 2 h after the beginning of the exposure they performed a pulmonary function test, and a questionnaire was completed to obtain a total symptom score (TSS). Six hours after the end of the exposure, hypertonic saline (HS) sputum induction was conducted. Sputum cell percentages, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and interleukin (IL)-8 concentrations in the sputum supernatant were measured. TSS significantly increased and forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) significantly decreased after O3 exposure in comparison with air exposure in group A, whereas no changes were observed in group B except for a significant decrement of FEV1 2 h after the beginning of O3 exposure. Sputum neutrophil percentage was significantly higher after O3 exposure than after air exposure in both groups (Group A: 70.2% (28-87) versus 26.6% (8.6-73.2); Group B: 62.1% (25-82.4) versus 27.9% (14.4-54)). IL-8 was higher in sputum supernatant collected 6 h after O3 exposure than after air, only in group A. No change due to O3 has been found in sputum eosinophil percentage and ECP concentration in both groups. In conclusion, the degree of airway response to a short-term exposure to ozone is different in subjects with asthma of different severity. The available data do not allow elucidation of whether this difference depends on the severity of the disease or on the regular anti-inflammatory treatment. (+info)

Orally exhaled nitric oxide levels are related to the degree of blood eosinophilia in atopic children with mild-intermittent asthma. (6/3575)

Increased levels of nitric oxide have been found in expired air of patients with asthma, and these are thought to be related to the airway inflammatory events that characterize this disorder. Since, in adults, bronchial inflammatory changes are present even in mild disease, the present study was designed to evaluate whether a significant proportion of children with mild-intermittent asthma could have increased exhaled air NO concentrations. Twenty-two atopic children (aged 11.1+/-0.8 yrs) with mild-intermittent asthma, treated only with inhaled beta2-adrenoreceptor agonists on demand and 22 age-matched controls were studied. NO concentrations in orally exhaled air, measured by chemiluminescence, were significantly higher in asthmatics, as compared to controls (19.4+/-3.3 parts per billion (ppb) and 4.0+/-0.5 ppb, respectively; p<0.01). Interestingly, 14 out of 22 asthmatic children had NO levels >8.8 ppb (i.e. >2 standard deviations of the mean in controls). In asthmatic patients, but not in control subjects, statistically significant correlations were found between exhaled NO levels and absolute number or percentage of blood eosinophils (r=0.63 and 0.56, respectively; p<0.01, each comparison). In contrast, exhaled NO levels were not correlated with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) or forced expiratory flows at 25-75% of vital capacity (FEF25-75%) or forced vital capacity (FVC), either in control subjects, or in asthmatic patients (p>0.1, each correlation). These results suggest that a significant proportion of children with mild-intermittent asthma may have airway inflammation, as shown by the presence of elevated levels of nitric oxide in the exhaled air. The clinical relevance of this observation remains to be established. (+info)

A genome-wide screen for asthma-associated quantitative trait loci in a mouse model of allergic asthma. (7/3575)

Asthma is the most common illness of childhood, affecting one child in seven in the UK. Asthma has a genetic basis, but genetic studies of asthma in humans are confounded by uncontrolled environmental factors, varying penetrance and phenotypic pleiotropy. An animal model of asthma would offer controlled exposure, limited and consistent genetic variation, and unlimited size of sibships. Following immunization and subsequent challenge with ovalbumin, the Biozzi BP2 mouse shows features of asthma, including airway inflammation, eosinophil infiltration and non-specific bronchial responsiveness. In order to identify genetic loci influencing these traits, a cross was made between BP2 and BALB/c mice, and a genome-wide screen carried out in the F2progeny of the F1intercross. Five potentially linked loci were identified, four of which corresponded to human regions of syntenic homology that previously have shown linkage to asthma-associated traits. (+info)

Effects of Th2 cytokines on chemokine expression in the lung: IL-13 potently induces eotaxin expression by airway epithelial cells. (8/3575)

Airway inflammation associated with asthma is characterized by massive infiltration of eosinophils, mediated in part by specific chemoattractant factors produced in the lung. Allergen-specific Th2 cells appear to play a central role in asthma; for example, adoptively transferred Th2 cells induced lung eosinophilia associated with induction of specific chemokines. Interestingly, Th2 supernatant alone administered intranasally to naive mice induced eotaxin, RANTES, monocyte-chemotactic protein-1, and KC expression along with lung eosinophilia. We tested the major cytokines individually and found that IL-4 and IL-5 induced higher levels of macrophage-inflammatory protein-1alpha and KC; IL-4 also increased the production of monocyte-chemotactic protein-1; IL-13 and IL-4 induced eotaxin. IL-13 was by far the most potent inducer of eotaxin; indeed, a neutralizing anti-IL-13 Ab removed most of the eotaxin-inducing activity from Th2 supernatants, although it did not entirely block the recruitment of eosinophils. While TNF-alpha did not stimulate eotaxin production by itself, it markedly augmented eotaxin induction by IL-13. IL-13 was able to induce eotaxin in the lung of JAK3-deficient mice, suggesting that JAK3 is not required for IL-13 signaling in airway epithelial cells; however, eosinophilia was not induced in this situation, suggesting that JAK3 transduces other IL-13-mediated mechanisms critical for eosinophil recruitment. Our study suggests that IL-13 is an important mediator in the pathogenesis of asthma and therefore a potential target for asthma therapy. (+info)

Eosinophil. Main article: Eosinophil. Eosinophils compose about 2-4% of the WBC total. This count fluctuates throughout the day ... A normal eosinophil count is considered to be less than 0.65×109/L.[15] Eosinophil counts are higher in newborns and vary with ... Eosinophils are also the predominant inflammatory cells in allergic reactions. The most important causes of eosinophilia ... Basophils can also release chemical signals that attract eosinophils and neutrophils to an infection site.[9] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immune_cell

Basophils and eosinophils[edit]. Main articles: Basophil granulocyte and Eosinophil granulocyte. Basophils and eosinophils are ... Neutrophils, along with two other cell types (eosinophils and basophils; see below), are known as granulocytes due to the ... The innate leukocytes include: natural killer cells, mast cells, eosinophils, basophils; and the phagocytic cells include ... Activation and release of toxins by eosinophils are, therefore, tightly regulated to prevent any inappropriate tissue ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innate_immune_system

... neutrophils and eosinophils can also mediate ADCC, such as eosinophils killing certain parasitic worms known as helminths via ... By eosinophils[edit]. Large parasites like helminths are too big to be engulfed and killed by phagocytosis. They also have an ... After IgE coat these parasites, the Fc receptor (FcɛRI) of an eosinophil will recognize IgE. Subsequently, interaction between ... 1987). "Functional role of the alpha-chain of complement receptor type 3 in human eosinophil-dependent antibody-mediated ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody-dependent_cellular_cytotoxicity

Eosinophils[edit]. Main article: Eosinophil. Eosinophils also have kidney-shaped lobed nuclei (two to four lobes). The number ... of granules in an eosinophil can vary because they have a tendency to degranulate while in the blood stream.[16] Eosinophils ... Kariyawasam, Harsha; Robinson, Douglas (2006). "The Eosinophil: The Cell and Its Weapons, the Cytokines, Its Locations". ... eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells) have lower numbers. Granulocytes are produced via granulopoiesis in the bone marrow. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granulocytopenia

Main articles: Basophil granulocyte and Eosinophil granulocyte. Basophils and eosinophils are cells related to the neutrophil ( ... The innate leukocytes include: Natural killer cells, mast cells, eosinophils, basophils; and the phagocytic cells including ... Activation and toxin release by eosinophils is therefore tightly regulated to prevent any inappropriate tissue destruction.[5] ... Neutrophils and two other cell types (eosinophils and basophils), are known as granulocytes (because they have granules in ...

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innate_immune_system

Eosinophils[change , change source]. Eosinophils, or acidophils, are leukocytes. They are one of the immune system components ... Eosinophils are round cells with a lobed nucleus and granules which turn red when stained. These granules are packed with ...

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_blood_cell

Eosinophils. Platelets. Langerhans cells Phagocytosis. Degranulation (eosinophils) FcγRIIB1 (CD32) IgG Low (Kd , 10−7 M) B ... Eosinophils Phagocytosis. Induction of microbe killing Fcα/μR IgA and IgM High for IgM, Mid for IgA B cells. Mesangial cells. ... Eosinophils Phagocytosis. Inhibition of cell activity FcγRIIIA (CD16a) IgG Low (Kd , 10−6 M) NK cells. Macrophages (certain ... Eosinophils. Basophils. Langerhans cells. Monocytes Degranulation. Phagocytosis FcεRII (CD23) IgE Low (Kd , 10−7 M) B cells. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fc_receptor

Eosinophils may be seen. According to the British Medical Journal (The BMJ) Best Practice on Sialadenitis, there are multiple ... Minor criteria include phlebitis without obliteration of the lumen and increased numbers of eosinophils. There are two features ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sialadenitis

... eosinophil cationic protein, eosinophil peroxidase, and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin). These agents serve to orchestrate ... the eosinophil. Typically, the disorder is associated with hypereosinophilia, i.e. an eosinophil blood cell count greater than ... However, elevated blood eosinophil counts may not occur during the early phase of the disorder. Other, less specific laboratory ... Eosinophils: how they contribute to endothelial damage and dysfunction". La Presse Médicale. 42 (4 Pt 2): 503-7. doi:10.1016/j. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eosinophilic_myocarditis

However, elevated blood eosinophil counts may not occur during the early phase of the disorder. Other, less specific laboratory ... Secondary causes (i.e. disorders in which other diseases cause the eosinophil to become dysfunctional) include allergic and ... Diny NL, Rose NR, Čiháková D (2017). "Eosinophils in Autoimmune Diseases". Frontiers in Immunology. 8: 484. doi:10.3389/fimmu. ... The signs and symptoms of Loeffler endocarditis tend to reflect the many underlying disorders causing eosinophil dysfunction as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loeffler_endocarditis

A naive (or inexperienced) B cell is one which belongs to a clone which has never encountered the epitope to which it is specific. In contrast, a memory B cell is one which derives from an activated naive or memory B cell. The activation of a naive or a memory B cell is followed by a manifold proliferation of that particular B cell, most of the progeny of which terminally differentiate into plasma B cells;[note 8] the rest survive as memory B cells. So, when the naive cells belonging to a particular clone encounter their specific antigen to give rise to the plasma cells, and also leave a few memory cells, this is known as the primary immune response. In the course of proliferation of this clone, the B cell receptor genes can undergo frequent (one in every two cell divisions)[8] mutations in the genes coding for paratopes of antibodies. These frequent mutations are termed somatic hypermutation. Each such mutation alters the epitope-binding ability of the paratope slightly, creating new clones of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyclonal

... eosinophils, basophils, and Th2 cells. DP2 activation also stimulates eosinophils and basophils to release the many pro- ... Ligand-induced activation of DP2 has similar activities in vivo it stimulates the accumulation on and activation of eosinophils ... eosinophils, a subpopulation of cytotoxic T cells (i.e. CD8+ T cells), thalamus, ovary, and spleen, and, in the central nervous ... in human eosinophils and basophils". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (9): 7663-70. doi:10.1074/jbc.M310270200. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostaglandin_DP2_receptor

It is also secreted by eosinophils. In case of a shortage of diamine oxidase in the human body, it may appear as an allergy or ... Zeiger RS, Colten HR (February 1977). "Histaminase release from human eosinophils". Journal of Immunology. 118 (2): 540-3. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamine_oxidase

... and induced sputum eosinophils have been observed. Given the high concordance of eosinophils and, in particular, allergic ... IL-5 was originally discovered as an eosinophil colony-stimulating factor, is a major regulator of eosinophil accumulation in ... Given that eosinophils are the primary IL-5Rα-expressing cells, it is not surprising that this cell type responds to IL-5. In ... It is also a key mediator in eosinophil activation. IL-5 is a 115-amino acid (in human, 133 in the mouse) -long TH2 cytokine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_5

CSF analysis shows predominantly eosinophils. An acute progressive pyogranulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis is seen in mature ... It differs in pathology from GME by more tissue breakdown and increased eosinophils (white blood cells). CSF analysis is also ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granulomatous_meningoencephalitis

Eosinophils also have kidney-shaped lobed nuclei (two to four lobes). The number of granules in an eosinophil can vary because ... Eosinophils play a crucial part in the killing of parasites (e.g., enteric nematodes) because their granules contain a unique, ... "Segmented Eosinophil". University of Virginia Health System. Retrieved 2009-04-10. Baron, Samuel (editor) (1996). Medical ... Kariyawasam HH, Robinson DS (April 2006). "The eosinophil: the cell and its weapons, the cytokines, its locations". Seminars in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granulocyte

Immunoregulatory roles of eosinophils: a new look at a familiar cell. Clinical and Experimental Allergy : Journal of the ... The eosinophil: the cell and its weapons, the cytokines, its locations. Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. ... Hess, Charles E. Segmented Eosinophil. University of Virginia Health System. [2009-04-10].. ...

https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/粒细胞

Infiltration of eosinophils causes organ damage. Most cases of CEL are associated with rearrangements in PDGFRA, PDGFRB, or ... Chronic eosinophilic leukemia is a form of cancer in which too many eosinophils are found in the bone marrow, blood, and other ... For a diagnosis of CEL, hypereosinophilia with greater than 30% eosinophils is required. Serum IgE is usually normal. In cases ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_eosinophilic_leukemia

Spencer LA, Weller PF (2010). "Eosinophils and Th2 immunity: contemporary insights". Immunology and Cell Biology. 88 (3): 250- ... eosinophils, and NK cells Neutralization: Blocks adhesion of bacteria and viruses to mucosa Like the T cell, B cells express a ... which induces eosinophils in the clearance of parasites. Th2 also produce Interleukin 4, which facilitates B cell isotype ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_immune_system

Like eosinophils, basophils play a role in both parasitic infections and allergies. They are found in tissues where allergic ... Stone KD, Prussin C, Metcalfe DD (February 2010). "IgE, mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils". The Journal of Allergy and ... Blood cell lineage Alternate stain of a basophil Biology portal Medicine portal Allergy Diamine oxidase Eosinophil Food ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basophil

... an eosinophil-selective CC chemokine, and identification of a specific eosinophil eotaxin receptor, CC chemokine receptor 3". J ... Heath H, Qin S, Rao P, Wu L, LaRosa G, Kassam N, Ponath PD, Mackay CR (1997). "Chemokine receptor usage by human eosinophils. ... Post TW, Bozic CR, Rothenberg ME, Luster AD, Gerard N, Gerard C (1995). "Molecular characterization of two murine eosinophil ... Combadiere C, Ahuja SK, Murphy PM (1995). "Cloning and functional expression of a human eosinophil CC chemokine receptor". J. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCR3_(gene)

Tissue has increased numbers of eosinophils. In an article from 1977, histological research into 349 cases of Küttner's tumor ( ... In one retrospective cohort study, baseline concentrations of serum IgG4, IgE and blood eosinophils were found to be ... Approximately 1/3 of cases exhibit increases in blood eosinophil counts, either eosinophilia or hypereosinophilia.[citation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IgG4-related_disease

It is constitutively expressed on mast cells and basophils and is inducible in eosinophils. FcεRI is found on epidermal ... and eosinophils". Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 117 (2 Suppl Mini-Primer): S450-5456. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2005.11. ... Langerhans cells, eosinophils, mast cells, and basophils. As a result of its cellular distribution, this receptor plays a major ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FCER1

This type of cast contains eosinophils. It is seen in Tubulo Interstitial Nephritis and occurs in allergy, commonly to drugs ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_cast

Spessotto P, Dri P, Bulla R, Zabucchi G, Patriarca P (1995). "Human eosinophil peroxidase enhances tumor necrosis factor and ... eosinophil peroxidase (EPO); lactoperoxidase (LPO); thyroid peroxidase (TPO); prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS); and peroxidasin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_heme-dependent_peroxidases

Upregulated in eosinophils post antigen exposure.[21] Cystic fibrosis Possible correlation with severity of the lung ... An association of CASS4 with atopic asthma has been shown.[21] CASS4 has also been reported to be an eosinophil-associated gene ... "Identification of genes expressed by human airway eosinophils after an in vivo allergen challenge". PLOS ONE. 8 (7): e67560. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CASS4

Like eosinophils, basophils play a role in both parasitic infections and allergies.[10] They are found in tissues where ... "IgE, mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils". The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 125 (2 Suppl 2): S73-80. doi ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basophil_granulocyte

"Expression on human eosinophils of CD148: a membrane tyrosine phosphatase. Implications in the effector function of eosinophils ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PTPRJ

... and eosinophils; and other processes). In a new development in the field of antibody-based therapeutics, the Fc region of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fragment_crystallizable_region

This ligand has been found to have a functional affinity for H4 receptors that are expressed by eosinophils and mast cells. ... "Liver-expressed chemokine/CC chemokine ligand 16 attracts eosinophils by interacting with histamine H4 receptor". Journal of ... CCL16 may be useful for trafficking eosinophils. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCL16

Subsequently eosinophil peroxidase was found to be localized to primary and secondary granules of the eosinophil. Eosinophils ... Eosinophil peroxidase is secreted by eosinophil cells into the tissue at the site of infection. Activation of cells in the face ... Eosinophil peroxidase is an enzyme found within the eosinophil granulocytes, innate immune cells of humans and mammals. This ... Eosinophil peroxidase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Eosinophil peroxidase on InterPro ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eosinophil_peroxidase

The protein encoded by this gene is found in eosinophil granulocytes. It is closely related to the eosinophil cationic protein ... 1998). "Localization of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin and eosinophil cationic protein in neutrophilic leukocytes". J. Leukoc. ... 1990). "Structure and chromosome localization of the human eosinophil-derived neurotoxin and eosinophil cationic protein genes ... Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RNASE2 gene.[5][6][7] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eosinophil-derived_neurotoxin

This article provides a brief overview of eosinophils; specialized cells of the immune system involved in anti-parasitic and ... eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), eosinophil peroxidize (EPO), and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN). These are involved in ... What are eosinophils?. Eosinophils are specialized pro-inflammatory white blood cells. They have a bilobed nucleus and are ... Eosinophils and infectious disease. Viral infections Eosinophils are recruited in the lower airway epithelium during viral ...

https://www.news-medical.net/life-sciences/Eosinophil-Function.aspx

... providing vital techniques from eosinophil purification to experimental modelling. ... Eosinophils. Book Subtitle. Methods and Protocols. Editors. * Garry M. Walsh Series Title. Methods in Molecular Biology. Series ... Authoritative and practical, Eosinophils: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition provides the practical means to extend our ... This second edition of Eosinophils: Methods and Protocols updates several techniques from the first edition together with novel ...

https://www.springer.com/in/book/9781071610947

Eosinophil peroxidase deficiency is a condition that affects certain white blood cells called eosinophils but causes no health ... In eosinophil peroxidase deficiency, eosinophils have little or no eosinophil peroxidase. A lack of this protein does not seem ... eosinophils have severely reduced amounts of eosinophil peroxidase or none at all. Other proteins within affected eosinophils ... Mutations in the EPX gene cause eosinophil peroxidase deficiency. The EPX gene provides instructions for making the eosinophil ...

https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/eosinophil-peroxidase-deficiency/

A high eosinophils count can result from allergies, environmental toxins, autoimmune diseases, parasitic infections and fungal ... Eosinophils are one type of white blood cell, and their function in the body is to ward off disease. They perform this function ... A high eosinophils count can result from allergies, environmental toxins, autoimmune diseases, parasitic infections and fungal ... A wide range of diseases and conditions can cause eosinophil levels to rise, with allergic reactions and parasitic infections ...

https://www.reference.com/health/causes-high-eosinophils-count-a347e782fddff17c

An eosinophil is a type of white blood cell. ... An eosinophil count is a type of blood test that measures the ... An eosinophil count is a blood test that measures the quantity of eosinophils in your body. Abnormal eosinophil levels are ... In children, eosinophil levels vary with age.. Abnormal results If you have over 500 eosinophil cells per microliter of blood, ... Low eosinophil counts may also be due to the time of day. Under normal conditions, eosinophil counts are lowest in the morning ...

https://www.healthline.com/health/eosinophil-count-absolute

Stockley, R. A., Rennard, S. I., Rabe, K. and Celli, B. (2007) Eosinophils and COPD, in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, ...

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9780470755976.ch21/summary

... C. P. Martinelli-Kläy, B. R. R. N. Mendis, and T. Lombardi ... The eosinophil cell has been related as a prognostic indicator for cancers. However, its exact function in tumour behaviour is ... In the oral cavity the presence of eosinophils can be a favourable prognostic indicator as well as it may be associated with a ... In this short review, we briefly summarize the role of the eosinophils in the general context of immunoregulation and its ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jo/2009/310132/abs/

Find high eosinophils information, treatments for high eosinophils and high eosinophils symptoms. ... MedHelps high eosinophils Center for Information, Symptoms, Resources, Treatments and Tools for high eosinophils. ... one year old having low neutrophils, high lymphocytes and eosinophils - General Health Community ... Anyone have chronically high eosinophils and Hepatitis C? Ive been tested for parasites... ...

https://medhelp.org/tags/show/139021/high-eosinophils

HIGH Eosinophils/Lymphs When On Imuran?? liverbelching Hello: 23 YO Male diagnosed with AIH just under 2 years ago. I am on ... High Eosinophils 11% High AST 93 High ALT 70 High GGT 87 I thought Imuran was supposed to SUPPRESS the immune system. I was ... HIGH Eosinophils/Lymphs When On Imuran??. Hello: 23 YO Male diagnosed with AIH just under 2 years ago. I am on Imuran now. Just ... High Eosinophils 11% High AST 93 High ALT 70 High GGT 87 I thought Imuran was supposed to SUPPRESS the immune system. I was ...

https://www.medhelp.org/posts/Autoimmune-Disorders-/HIGH-Eosinophils-Lymphs-When-On-Imuran/show/1035833

... eosinophil peroxidase, and eosinophil cationic protein are toxic to many tissues. Eosinophil cationic protein and eosinophil- ... These include: major basic protein (MBP) eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) eosinophil peroxidase (EPX) eosinophil-derived ... An increase in eosinophils, i.e., the presence of more than 500 eosinophils/microlitre of blood is called an eosinophilia, and ... Eosinophils play an important role in asthma as the number of accumulated eosinophils corresponds to the severity of asthmatic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eosinophil

Eosinophils are made in the bodys bone marrow, and then circulate around the body via the blood. ... Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that play a key part in the bodys immune system. They are responsible for fighting ... Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that play a key part in the bodys immune system. They are responsible for fighting ... Eosinophils are made in the bodys bone marrow, and then circulate around the body via the blood. During a blood test, health ...

https://www.ehow.co.uk/list_7480693_causes-low-eosinophils.html

Eos, eosinophils. (C-E) Parenchymal eosinophils from normal lung tissue (rEos) and eosinophils from the sputa of eosinophilic ... and a matrix composed of eosinophil cationic protein, eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (1). ... Human versus mouse eosinophils: "that which we call an eosinophil, by any other name would stain as red". J Allergy Clin ... Lung-resident eosinophils represent a distinct regulatory eosinophil subset. Claire Mesnil,1,2 Stéfanie Raulier,1 Geneviève ...

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/85664

Make research projects and school reports about eosinophil easy with credible articles from our FREE, online encyclopedia and ... eosinophil (ee-oh-sin-ŏ-fil) n. a variety of white blood cell (see polymorph) distinguished by the presence in its cytoplasm of ... eosinophil A type of white blood cell (leucocyte) that has a granular cytoplasm (see granulocyte). Its function involves the ... eosinophil A Dictionary of Nursing © A Dictionary of Nursing 2008, originally published by Oxford University Press 2008. ...

https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/anatomy-and-physiology/anatomy-and-physiology/eosinophil

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http://image.bloodline.net/ep.html

Researchers suggested that peripheral blood eosinophil counts could serve as a marker of inflammation to guide asthma therapy. ... Even counting the patients who were on treatment, the correlation between blood eosinophil counts and eosinophil counts on ... At a poster session, Farooqui said that a blood eosinophil count can be accomplished in the time it takes for the sample to be ... "By the time the doctor gets to the room, the information on the level of eosinophils will already be in the chart," he said. " ...

https://www.medpagetoday.com/meetingcoverage/acaai/16908

Eosinophil overview: structure, biological properties, and key functions. In Eosinophils. Berlin: Springer; 2014. pp 1-12. ... Differentiation in vitro of hybrid eosinophil/basophil granulocytes: autocrine function of an eosinophil developmental ... Eosinophils in innate immunity: an evolving story. Cell Tissue Res. 2011;343:57-83.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar ... Eosinophils: changing perspectives in health and disease. Nat Rev Immunol. 2012;13:9-22.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMedGoogle ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-017-7312-6_4

Blood and Sputum Eosinophils. Blood eosinophilia greater than 4% or 300-400/μL supports the diagnosis of asthma, but an absence ... Eosinophil counts greater than 8% may be observed in patients with concomitant atopic dermatitis. This finding should prompt an ... Low sputum eosinophils predict the lack of response to beclomethasone in symptomatic asthmatic patients. Chest. 2006 Mar. 129(3 ... Asthma exacerbations and sputum eosinophil counts: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2002 Nov 30. 360(9347):1715-21. [ ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/296301-workup

Prolonged eosinophil viability did not require cellular contact and was observed when eosinophils were cultured in conditioned ... The majority of eosinophil transcripts (58%) were dysregulated in cocultured eosinophils compared with freshly isolated cells. ... In the presence of IL-13 and epithelial cells, eosinophils had greater survival (68 ± 1%) at 14 days compared with cocultures ... Herein, we investigated the crosstalk between human eosinophils and esophageal epithelial cells. We report that blood-derived ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41385-021-00400-y?error=cookies_not_supported&code=8cde6aa4-b1b1-48f8-8287-42c0c9ac2c64

... eosinophil recruitment in response to chemokine receptor 3 agonists eosinophil transit mediated by specific ligand-receptor ... Eosinophil trafficking in allergy and asthma.. Rosenberg HF1, Phipps S, Foster PS. ... Novel rational therapies including antiselectin and antichemokine receptor modalities designed to block eosinophil development ... recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that promote expansion and differentiation of eosinophil ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17481712?dopt=Abstract

... where T cells and eosinophils are prominent. This article summarizes the evidence that asthmatic bronchial inflammation is ... T cells and eosinophils in the pathogenesis of asthma Immunol Today. 1992 Dec;13(12):501-7. doi: 10.1016/0167-5699(92)90026-4. ... Persistent asthma is characterized by chronic inflammation of the bronchial mucosa, where T cells and eosinophils are prominent ... describes how the release of specific cytokines could result in local preferential accumulation and activation of eosinophils. ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1361126/?dopt=Abstract

Eosinophils, normally about 1-3% of the total white blood cell count, are believed to function in allergic responses and in ...

https://labtestsonline.org.uk/glossary/eosinophil

Acute allergic responses induce a prompt luminal entry of airway tissue eosinophils.. Erjefalt JS1, Korsgren M, Malm-Erjefalt M ... Eosinophil egression was effectively inhibited by the antiexudative drug formoterol, whereas the proexudative drug bradykinin ... The present study tests the hypothesis that when eosinophils are present in the tissue before allergen exposure, as in ... By 2 min after challenge, eosinophils had moved up to apical epithelial positions. Within 10 min, a marked migration of ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12663331?dopt=Abstract

... Misako Sakai-Kashiwabara1,2 and Kazuhito Asano3 ... Misako Sakai-Kashiwabara and Kazuhito Asano, "Inhibitory Action of Quercetin on Eosinophil Activation In Vitro," Evidence-Based ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2013/127105/cta/

... s, commonly referred to as eosinophils (or less commonly as acidophils), are white blood cells of the ... Major basic protein, eosinophil peroxidase, and eosinophil cationic protein are toxic to many tissues.[11] Eosinophil cationic ... Eosinophil granulocytes, commonly referred to as eosinophils (or less commonly as acidophils), are white blood cells of the ... An increase in eosinophils, i.e. the presence of more than 500 eosinophils/microlitre of blood is called an eosinophilia, and ...

https://www.bionity.com/en/encyclopedia/Eosinophil_granulocyte.html

Human peripheral blood eosinophils, For immunohistochemistry (IHC) Cell Chip with Human Peripheral Blood Granulocytes, ... Eosinophil IHC Staining Kit, EoProbe from BioFX Laboratories, Inc.. 2. UCB Eosinophil Chip-IHC from 3H Biomedical AB. 3. UCB ... Human peripheral blood eosinophils, For immunohistochemistry (IHC). Cell Chip with Human Peripheral Blood Granulocytes. ... Eosinophil Chip-IHC from 3H Biomedical AB, ... Eosinophil Chip-IHC from 3H Biomedical AB. Company. 3H ...

http://www.bio-medicine.org/biology-products/Eosinophil-Chip-IHC-from-3H-Biomedical-AB-5012-1/

Eosinophils are present in normal human intestinal mucosa, where their main functions are presumably participation in ... Inflammatory Bowel Disease Phagocytic Activity Blood Eosinophil Allergic State Colonic Neoplasm This is a preview of ... Eosinophils are present in normal human intestinal mucosa, where their main functions are presumably participation in ... Enumeration, Receptor Expression and Phagocytic Capabilities of Eosinophils of Human Colon Mucosa. ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4684-5344-7_70

Problems arise if a person has a higher-than-normal number of eosinophils in their blood and/or if eosinophils infiltrate ... We can identify eosinophil-related inflammation in the esophagus of patients with EoE, said Mansi. This new diagnostic also ... Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that play a role in the bodys immune system. ... Tags: Asthma, Blood, Cell, Compound, Dermatology, Diagnostic, Diagnostics, Eosinophil, Eosinophilic Esophagitis, Eosinophilic ...

https://www.news-medical.net/news/20190808/New-way-to-identify-inflammation-occurring-in-eosinophil-related-disorders.aspx

Eosinophil peroxidase is a heme peroxidase, its activities including the oxidation of halide ions to bacteriocidal reactive oxygen species, the cationic disruption of bacterial cell walls, and the post-translational modification of protein amino acid residues. (wikipedia.org)
One of the first aspects known of eosinophil peroxidase was that it was highly cationic, as indicated by its high isoelectric point (see Protein). (wikipedia.org)
It is closely related to the eosinophil cationic protein ( RNASE3 ) from which it diverged ~50 million years ago after the split between the old world and the new world monkeys. (wikipedia.org)
1989). "Eosinophil cationic protein cDNA. (wikipedia.org)
1986). "Biochemical and functional similarities between human eosinophil-derived neurotoxin and eosinophil cationic protein: homology with ribonuclease" . (wikipedia.org)
The granules in eosinophils contain four major proteins: major basic protein (MBP), eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), eosinophil peroxidize (EPO), and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN). (news-medical.net)
Following activation, eosinophils effector functions include production of the following: Cationic granule proteins and their release by degranulation Reactive oxygen species such as hypobromite, superoxide, and peroxide (hypobromous acid, which is preferentially produced by eosinophil peroxidase) Lipid mediators like the eicosanoids from the leukotriene (e.g. (wikipedia.org)
Following activation by an immune stimulus, eosinophils degranulate to release an array of cytotoxic granule cationic proteins that are capable of inducing tissue damage and dysfunction. (bionity.com)
Major basic protein, eosinophil peroxidase, and eosinophil cationic protein are toxic to many tissues. (bionity.com)
[11] Eosinophil cationic protein and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin are ribonucleases with antiviral activity. (bionity.com)
Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP)/human RNase 3, a member of the RNase A family, is a remarkably cytotoxic protein implicated in asthma and allergies. (rcsb.org)
Eosinophils function by releasing cytokines and cationic proteins, including eosinophil major basic proteins, eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), and mouse eosinophil-associated ribonucleases, or human eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN), from their cytoplasmic granules. (rndsystems.com)
Eosinophils secrete a variety of cytokines and factors including eosinophil cationic protein, eosinophil-derived neurotoxin, peroxidase and major basic protein which have either anti-tumor effects or stimulate tumor progression. (eurekaselect.com)
The eosinophilic characteristics of YJ cells were confirmed by histochemical staining with Fast-Green/Neutral-Red and by the expression of mRNAs for eosinophil-associated granule proteins, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN), eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), and major basic protein (MBP), and for the Charcot-Leyden crystal (CLC) protein. (nature.com)
The eosinophil has characteristic specific granules that contain eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), major basic protein (MBP), and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP). (bmj.com)
Biosynthesis of the granule proteins is discussed in detail with particular emphasis on neutrophil myeloperoxidase (MPO) and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP). (lu.se)
A number of cytotoxic substances are then released, including highly cationic molecules such as eosinophil cationic protein, major basic protein, ribonuclease eosinophil -derived neurotoxin, oxidizing molecules such as eosinophil peroxidase and free oxygen radicals, and enzymes such as elastase and collagenase. (thefreedictionary.com)
The aim of this study was to evaluate a novel processing method using eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) as a biochemical marker of sputum eosinophil number and activation in subjects with asthma and other airway diseases. (wiley.com)

Eosinophil peroxidase is an enzyme found within the eosinophil granulocytes, innate immune cells of humans and mammals. (wikipedia.org)
The major function of eosinophil peroxidase is to catalyze the formation of hypohalous acids from hydrogen peroxide and halide ions in solution. (wikipedia.org)
The open reading frame of human eosinophil peroxidase was found to have a length of 2,106 base pairs (bp). (wikipedia.org)
The promoter sequence for human eosinophil peroxidase is an unusually strong promoter. (wikipedia.org)
Eosinophil peroxidase is a predominately α-helical heme-containing enzyme. (wikipedia.org)
Eosinophil peroxidase has not been characterized by X-ray crystallography. (wikipedia.org)
Eosinophil peroxidase deficiency is a condition that affects certain white blood cells called eosinophils but causes no health problems in affected individuals. (medlineplus.gov)
One of these proteins is called eosinophil peroxidase. (medlineplus.gov)
In eosinophil peroxidase deficiency, eosinophils have little or no eosinophil peroxidase. (medlineplus.gov)
Because eosinophil peroxidase deficiency does not cause any health problems, this condition is often diagnosed when blood tests are done for other reasons or when a family member has been diagnosed with the condition. (medlineplus.gov)
Approximately 100 individuals with eosinophil peroxidase deficiency have been described in the scientific literature. (medlineplus.gov)
Eosinophil peroxidase deficiency is estimated to occur in 8.6 in 1,000 Yemenite Jews, in 3 in 1,000 North-African Jews, and in 1 in 1,000 Iraqi Jews. (medlineplus.gov)
and in Luxembourg, eosinophil peroxidase deficiency is thought to occur in 1 in 100,000 people. (medlineplus.gov)
Mutations in the EPX gene cause eosinophil peroxidase deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
The EPX gene provides instructions for making the eosinophil peroxidase protein. (medlineplus.gov)
During an immune response, activated eosinophils release eosinophil peroxidase at the site of injury. (medlineplus.gov)
EPX gene mutations reduce or prevent eosinophil peroxidase production or result in a protein that is unstable and nonfunctional. (medlineplus.gov)
As a result, eosinophils have severely reduced amounts of eosinophil peroxidase or none at all. (medlineplus.gov)
Other proteins within affected eosinophils are normal, and while the cells lacking eosinophil peroxidase are smaller and may have structural changes, the loss of eosinophil peroxidase does not appear to impair the function of eosinophils. (medlineplus.gov)
Kutter D, Mueller-Hagedorn S, Forges T, Glaesener R. A case of eosinophil peroxidase deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
Romano M, Patriarca P, Melo C, Baralle FE, Dri P. Hereditary eosinophil peroxidase deficiency: immunochemical and spectroscopic studies and evidence for a compound heterozygosity of the defect. (medlineplus.gov)
The staining is concentrated in small granules within the cellular cytoplasm, which contain many chemical mediators, such as eosinophil peroxidase, ribonuclease (RNase), deoxyribonucleases (DNase), lipase, plasminogen, and major basic protein. (wikipedia.org)
Three responses were studied, the transient rise in cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) (derived from indo-1 fluorescence), shape changes (measured by laser turbidimetry), and exocytosis of eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) (assessed by H2O2/luminol-dependent chemiluminescence). (jci.org)
A whole blood automated method was developed to assess eosinophil and neutrophil activity in terms of peroxidase content and cell morphology using the Bayer haematology analyser. (bmj.com)

Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RNASE2 gene . (wikipedia.org)
An eosinophil granule protein, the eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN), was measured as an indicator of eosinophil degranulation. (jimmunol.org)
Eosinophils released eosinophil-derived neurotoxin when incubated with Sepharose beads coupled to Ig of the IgG or IgA isotypes, as well as IgA-Fc fragments. (jimmunol.org)
We offer Eosinophil derived neurotoxin Antibodies for use in common research applications: ELISA, Immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin, Western Blot. (novusbio.com)
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Eosinophils release their proinflammatory and cytotoxic granule proteins, and various chemokines in response to a fungal infection. (news-medical.net)
Eosinophils produce and store many secondary granule proteins prior to their exit from the bone marrow. (wikipedia.org)
There is evidence to suggest that eosinophil granule protein expression is regulated by the non-coding RNA EGOT. (wikipedia.org)
Eosinophils are bone marrow-derived, granule-containing leukocytes that play a key role in the innate immune response to helminth infection and allergic disease. (rndsystems.com)
When viewed under the electron microscope the eosinophil granule, as shown in Figure 1, is seen as a membrane bounded cytoplasmic organelle with a distinctive internal structure. (ajtmh.org)
In most cases, the eosinophil granule has an electron dense core and a less dense matrix. (ajtmh.org)
This is suggested by increased numbers of activated eosinophils, as well as eosinophil derived inflammatory mediators and granule proteins in blood, induced sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and bronchial biopsy specimens from asthmatic subjects. (bmj.com)
4 Serum levels of these granule proteins have been used as a tool for measuring eosinophil activation in asthma, 5 and levels can be related to disease severity 6 and the effects of treatment. (bmj.com)

The protein is concentrated in secretory granules within eosinophils. (wikipedia.org)
The protein encoded by this gene is found in eosinophil granulocytes . (wikipedia.org)
A lack of this protein does not seem to affect the eosinophils' ability to carry out an immune response. (medlineplus.gov)
Gleich, professor of internal medicine and dermatology at the U, discovered that eosinophils contain a major basic protein, a toxic substance that damages tissue where it is deposited after eosinophils release it, causing inflammation. (news-medical.net)
If a patient swallows this proprietary imaging agent, X-ray-like images will reveal inflamed tissue in which eosinophil major basic protein is deposited. (news-medical.net)
To examine the role of local induction of IL-18 in promoting eosinophil-associated intestinal disorders, we generated enterocyte IL-18-overexpressing mice using the rat intestinal fatty acid-binding promoter (Fabpi) and analysed tissue IL-18 overexpression and eosinophilia by performing real-time polymerase chain reaction, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and anti-major basic protein immunostaining. (unboundmedicine.com)
Listed below are anti-Eosinophil Major Basic Protein antibodies from multiple suppliers. (biocompare.com)
Your search returned 318 Eosinophil Major Basic Protein Antibodies across 32 suppliers. (biocompare.com)
Overexpression of Mcl-1 exacerbated allergic airway inflammation, with increased bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cellularity, eosinophil numbers and total protein, and an increase in airway mucus production. (onmedica.com)

Eosinophils arise from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the bone marrow, and take approximately eight days to mature. (news-medical.net)
IL-5 controls the development of eosinophils in the bone marrow, as they differentiate from myeloid precursor cells. (wikipedia.org)
Eosinophilia arises when an area of the body needs more eosinophils than usual, causing the bone marrow to produce more. (reference.com)
Eosinophils are made in the body's bone marrow, and then circulate around the body via the blood. (ehow.co.uk)
Over-the-counter or prescription antihistamines can control the body's reaction to allergens, thereby signalling the body that the production of eosinophils in the bone marrow are not necessary, according to CincinnatiChildrens.org. (ehow.co.uk)
In this review, we will consider recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that promote expansion and differentiation of eosinophil progenitors in bone marrow, eosinophil recruitment in response to chemokine receptor 3 agonists eosinophil transit mediated by specific ligand-receptor interactions, and prolonged survival of eosinophils in peripheral tissues. (nih.gov)
Eosinophils develop and mature in bone marrow. (bionity.com)
Differentiation of haemato-poietic progenitors to eosinophils in the bone marrow is governed by SCF, IL-3, IL-4, GM-CSF and CCL11. (immunology.org)
IL-5 and CCL11 then act in concert to drive final differentiation, maturation and release of eosinophils from the bone marrow into the bloodstream. (immunology.org)
Eosinophils fully mature in the bone marrow and are found in the blood in low numbers and in specific tissues in higher numbers. (rndsystems.com)
He has a particular expertise in eosinophils, bone marrow-derived white blood cells that have mostly been studied in the context of allergic diseases and parasite infections, but not much in cancers. (cityofhope.org)
While mature mast cells do not occur in blood, eosinophils are found both circulating in blood (normally less than 5% of leukocytes) and in hematopietic and lymphatic organs, such as the bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes and thymus. (worldallergy.org)
Eosinophils are a type of white blood cells (WBCs) produced in the bone marrow that contain proteins that contribute to the immunologic responses against infectious disease agents and to tissue damage in allergic and autoimmune diseases. (ndtv.com)
The eosinophils of the blood originate and mature in the bone marrow. (thefreedictionary.com)
Both cytokines play an important role in the production, activation and survival of eosinophils in the bone marrow and peripheral blood, as well as the enhancement of cellular functions of eosinophils in peripheral circulation (6,7). (thefreedictionary.com)

For instance, patients with eosinophilic asthma have high levels of eosinophils that lead to inflammation and tissue damage, making it more difficult for patients to breathe. (wikipedia.org)
Blood eosinophilia occurs when there are more eosinophils in the blood than normal, while tissue eosinophilia occurs when there is a high concentration of eosinophils in a particular area of tissue where there is infection or inflammation. (reference.com)
MIAMI BEACH -- Researchers suggested that peripheral blood eosinophil counts could serve as a marker of inflammation to guide asthma therapy. (medpagetoday.com)
Eosinophils in sputum have been known to positively correlate with inflammation in asthma patients, but collecting sputum and analyzing it for eosinophils is cumbersome and time consuming, researchers said. (medpagetoday.com)
We believe use of the eosinophils from blood samples can measure the state of inflammation in asthma. (medpagetoday.com)
Treatment strategies aimed at reducing this inflammation, quantified by sputum eosinophil counts, have shown to improve control of asthma when compared with therapy based on symptoms, airway function, and use of rescue inhalers, as recommended by current guidelines," Farooqui said. (medpagetoday.com)
The literature supports the role of eosinophils as a marker of inflammation," said Allen P. Kaplan, MD, professor of medicine at the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. (medpagetoday.com)
Persistent asthma is characterized by chronic inflammation of the bronchial mucosa, where T cells and eosinophils are prominent. (nih.gov)
This article summarizes the evidence that asthmatic bronchial inflammation is initiated and propagated by cytokines secreted by activated T cells and other cells, and describes how the release of specific cytokines could result in local preferential accumulation and activation of eosinophils. (nih.gov)
In addition, eosinophils play a role in fighting viral infections, which is evident from the abundance of RNAses they contain within their granules, and in fibrin removal during inflammation . (bionity.com)
Gerald Gleich, Kristin Leiferman and Kathryn Peterson have developed a way to identify inflammation that occurs in eosinophil-related disorders such as eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), a chronic and painful inflammatory condition of the esophagus that can strike at any age. (news-medical.net)
We can identify eosinophil-related inflammation in the esophagus of patients with EoE,' said Mansi. (news-medical.net)
This new diagnostic also has the potential to identify and diagnose other diseases in which eosinophils are the drivers of inflammation such as eosinophilic asthma and eosinophilic gastroenteritis. (news-medical.net)
Interleukin 5 (IL-5) enhances eosinophil survival by inhibiting apoptosis, and increased IL-5 expression is reported in eosinophilic inflammation. (bmj.com)
Eosinophilic inflammation is a cardinal pathological feature of AD, but little is known about possible direct interaction between SA and eosinophils. (biomedsearch.com)
Eosinophils are recruited from the blood into the tissues at sites of inflammation. (immunology.org)
To investigate whether peripheral blood eosinophil (PBE) count can predict eosinophilic airway inflammation in stable COPD. (ersjournals.com)
6. Gene function it controls (responsible for accumulation of eosinophils at sites of inflammation? (biology-online.org)
Nevertheless, along with the number of blood eosinophils, serum ECP levels have been used in numerous studies to quantitate eosinophilic inflammation. (bmj.com)
In the quest to improve treatments for this type of asthma, researchers in the current study focused on sputum eosinophils, white blood cells found in the lung that can serve as biomarkers of airway inflammation. (sciencecodex.com)
In patients with EGIDs, particularly eosinophilic esophagitis, food proteins often trigger eosinophils to release toxins into the affected area, causing inflammation and damage. (neocate.com)
Sinus inflammation is due to the release of eosinophilic inflammatory mediators from the cytoplasmic granules in eosinophils. (enttoday.org)
Mcl-1 protects eosinophils from apoptosis and exacerbates allergic airway inflammation. (onmedica.com)
Eosinophil apoptosis was suppressed by Mcl-1 overexpression, with this resistance to apoptosis attenuated by cyclin-dependent kinase inhibition which also rescued Mcl-1-exacerbated allergic airway inflammation. (onmedica.com)
The positive correlation between eosinophil infiltration and parasite load in males suggests that this sex-dependent eosinophilic infiltration reflects ineffective inflammation. (nih.gov)

Proteins and cytokines (such as IL-3, IL-5, and GM-CSF) are involved in the maturation, survival, and persistence of eosinophils. (news-medical.net)
Along with the allergen-induced egression of eosinophils, acute luminal entry of plasma proteins and eotaxin occurred. (nih.gov)
Cytotoxic proteins MBP, ECP, EDN and EPO are unique to eosinophils and are important in the defense against extracellular parasitic infections but may also cause excessive tissue damage in allergic conditions. (immunology.org)
Eosinophils are terminally differentiated granulocytic effector cells that produce and store biologically active molecules, including cytotoxic proteins, lipid mediators, chemotactic peptides, and cytokines. (worldallergy.org)
Proteins found in EOSINOPHIL granules. (curehunter.com)
They are primarily basic proteins that play a role in host defense and the proinflammatory actions of activated eosinophils. (curehunter.com)
We have investigated eosinophils as potential anti-cancer effector cells, and have reported the ability of their toxic granular proteins (MBP, EPO, ECP, EDN) to inhibit prostate tumor cell growth in vitro . (scirp.org)
These preliminary results demonstrate the growth inhibitory potential of eosinophil granular proteins and strongly support the hypothesis that eosinophils modulate the expression of oncogenes associated with prostate tumor proliferation and apoptosis. (scirp.org)

When eosinophils are activated, they undergo cytolysis, where the breaking of the cell releases eosinophilic granules found in extracellular DNA traps. (wikipedia.org)
eosinophil (ee-oh- sin -ŏ-fil) n. a variety of white blood cell (see polymorph ) distinguished by the presence in its cytoplasm of coarse granules that stain orange-red with Romanowsky stains. (encyclopedia.com)
This causes eosinophils to show up as orange-red granules. (ucsfhealth.org)
Immunolocalization of type II ( A-C ) and type III ( D-G ) NOS in cytoplasmic granules of purified rat peritoneal eosinophils. (pnas.org)
Human eosinophils are approximately 8μm in diameter and are identified by their bi-lobed nucleus, pink staining with eosin and characteristic cytoplasmic granules. (immunology.org)
Composition of azurophil and specific granules from human polymorphonuclear neutrophils and granules from eosinophils is presented. (lu.se)

The increase of eosinophils within the blood is known as eosinophilia. (news-medical.net)
Someone who has more than 500 eosinophils per microliter of blood is classed as suffering from eosinophilia, according to Mayo Clinic. (reference.com)
The medical term for a high eosinophils count is eosinophilia, as Mayo Clinic explains. (reference.com)
If you have over 500 eosinophil cells per microliter of blood, then it indicates you have a disorder known as eosinophilia. (healthline.com)
Using a guinea-pig allergic model, where eosinophilia is present at baseline conditions, the traffic of resident eosinophils was examined in vivo immediately after allergen challenge. (nih.gov)
A high number of eosinophils (eosinophilia) are often linked to a variety of disorders. (ucsfhealth.org)
Eosinophilia and eosinophil-related disorders. (ucsfhealth.org)
Additionally, we observed comparable tissue eosinophilia in IL-13-deficient-Fabpi-IL-18 mice, and reduced numbers of tissue eosinophils in eotaxin-deficient-Fabpi-IL-18 and IL-5-deficient-Fabpi-IL-18 mice compared with Fabpi-IL-18 transgenic mice. (unboundmedicine.com)
Notably, jejunum eosinophilia in IL-5-deficient-Fabpi-IL-18 mice is significantly induced compared with wild-type mice, which indicates the direct role of induced IL-18 in the tissue accumulation of eosinophils and mast cells. (unboundmedicine.com)
Taken together, we provide direct in vivo evidence that induced expression of IL-18 in the enterocytes promotes eotaxin-1, IL-5 and IL-13 independent intestinal eosinophilia, which signifies the clinical relevance of induced IL-18 in eosinophil-associated gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs) to food allergens. (unboundmedicine.com)
Increased eosinophil survival has been proposed as a mechanism underlying tissue eosinophilia, and part of the anti-inflammatory effects of GCs has been attributed to their ability to promote eosinophil apoptosis. (bmj.com)
Eosinophilia is an expansion of eosinophil numbers in the blood, due to either a reactive process, such as an allergic reaction or parasitic infection (secondary eosinophilia), or to a neoplastic process that involves clonal eosinophils or their precursors (primary eosinophilia). (arupconsult.com)
Eosinophilia can accompany a range of disorders from benign diseases, to eosinophilias with organ damage, to eosinophil neoplasms. (arupconsult.com)
The term "hypereosinophilia," has been used to refer to an absolute eosinophil count of greater than 1,500/microl, thereby encompassing moderate and severe eosinophilia. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
An increase in the percentage of eosinophils in the peripheral blood or an increase in their absolute number is called eosinophilia. (thefreedictionary.com)
Aggregations of eosinophils observed in the tissues, as, for example, in the mucosa of the bronchi (and sputum) in bronchial asthma, are called tissue eosinophilia. (thefreedictionary.com)

While they are released into the bloodstream as neutrophils, eosinophils reside in tissue. (wikipedia.org)
Freshly isolated eosinophils and neutrophils constitutively express similar amounts of the low affinity Fc gamma R, Fc gamma RII on their cell surface, but neither cell type expresses the high affinity Fc gamma R, Fc gamma RI. (jimmunol.org)
In contrast, eosinophils have only about 5% as much of the low affinity Fc gamma R found on human granulocytes and large granular lymphocytes (Fc gamma RIII) as neutrophils. (jimmunol.org)
Untreated, freshly prepared eosinophils or neutrophils did not lyse any of the anti-Fc gamma R bearing HC nor did they lyse CE in the presence of anti-Fc gamma R containing heteroantibodies. (jimmunol.org)
In contrast, 6-h treatment of eosinophils or neutrophils with IFN-gamma induced neither Fc gamma RI expression on either cell type nor killing of HC or CE through Fc gamma R. In summary, incubation with GM-CSF, induced eosinophils and neutrophils to kill anti-Fc gamma RII-bearing HC and to lyse CE through Fc gamma RII. (jimmunol.org)
Neutrophils were purified using plasma-Percoll gradients and eosinophils by RoboSep (StemCell Technologies, Vancouver, Canada). (bmj.com)
There is less evidence for the involvement of neutrophils in asthma than for eosinophils, but neutrophils may have greater importance in the pathogenesis of severe asthma. (bmj.com)
Granulocytes are of three types - neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils while mononuclear cells are lymphocytes and monocytes. (ndtv.com)

Eosinophil-platelet interactions can be strengthened via the expression of granulocytes and certain chemokines. (news-medical.net)
Pioneering work in the 1980s elucidated that eosinophils were unique granulocytes, having the capacity to survive for extended periods of time after their maturation as demonstrated by ex-vivo culture experiments. (wikipedia.org)
Eosinophil granulocytes , commonly referred to as eosinophils (or less commonly as acidophils ), are white blood cells of the immune system that are responsible for combating infection and parasites in vertebrates. (bionity.com)
The WBC differential channel classifies Lymphocytes (LYMPH), Monocytes (MONO), Eosinophils (EO), and Granulocytes by cellular complexity and nucleic acid content. (crlcorp.com)
Granulocytes were re-suspended in RPMI 1640, 50 U/ml streptomycin and penicillin G, and 10% autologous serum before incubation (5% CO 2 , 37°C). A total of 25±1.5% of the eosinophils were apoptotic (assessed by fluorescein isothiocyante (FITC)-Annexin V) by 24 h (data not shown). (bmj.com)
Eosinophils are acid loving granulocytes that take upmthe dye eosin during staining procedures. (healthtap.com)
Boyce JA, Friend D, Matsumoto R, Austen KE Owen WE Differentiation in vitro of hybrid eosinophil /basophil granulocytes: autocrine function of an eosinophil developmental intermediate. (thefreedictionary.com)

[ 58 ] In 2015, mepolizumab (anti-IL-5 antibody) was FDA approved for the treatment of severe asthmatics with an eosinophilic phenotype who have a baseline eosinophil count of 150 cells/μL or an eosinophil count of 300 cells/μL within the past 12 months. (medscape.com)
Eosinophils accumulate adjacent to epithelial cells in the mucosa of patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), yet the bidirectional communication between these cells is not well understood. (nature.com)
This eosinophil is from a patient with eosinophilic cellulitis (Wells' syndrome), a type of inflammatory dermatitis. (sciencephoto.com)
However, the exact role of eosinophils in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic diseases remains unclear and is currently a topic of intense research. (worldallergy.org)
Cytoplasmic organelles of eosinophils The distinguishing feature of the eosinophil under the light microscope is the dense eosinophilic granulation which may completely fill the cytoplasm. (ajtmh.org)
Chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL) is diagnosed when eosinophils are clonal or blasts are increased. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
Eosinophilic infiltrates, large aggregations of eosinophils in the tissues, are occasionally observed in various organs, predominantly the lungs. (thefreedictionary.com)
One could try to reduce the eosinophilic mediators, but this is problematic because if we really treat the patient well, we may end up missing the diagnosis-and that is either finding the eosinophils in tissue and mucus or perhaps not finding the fungus, he said. (enttoday.org)
We demonstrated a strong influence of sex on numbers of eosinophils in the lymph nodes after L. major infection and present the first identification of sex-dependent autosomal loci controlling eosinophilic infiltration. (nih.gov)

An absolute eosinophil count is a blood test that measures the number of white blood cells called eosinophils. (ucsfhealth.org)
The percentage of eosinophils is multiplied by the white blood cell count to give the absolute eosinophil count. (ucsfhealth.org)
Normally, the absolute eosinophil count in the blood is around 500 per microlitre but it can increase in: allergic conditions (asthma, allergic rhinitis, drug reactions), infectious diseases (especially worm infestation), some connective tissue diseases, malignancies, etc. (ndtv.com)
An absolute eosinophil count above 500, especially in the morning, deserves some attention. (healthtap.com)

Eosinophils, along with basophils and mast cells, are important mediators of allergic responses and asthma pathogenesis and are associated with disease severity. (wikipedia.org)
Examples of specific conditions known to increase eosinophil levels include lupus, ovarian cancer, Chron's disease, allergic reactions to drugs and asthma. (reference.com)
When a patient experiences an asthma attack, the eosinophils are not properly released and accumulate in the lungs. (ehow.co.uk)
Steroid medication is generally successful in eliminating this process, so when a patient's asthma is being managed properly via rescue inhaler and other medications, the eosinophil count is low, notes Global Net. (ehow.co.uk)
Managing a patient's asthma can also eliminate long-term damage to the lungs from an overabundance of eosinophil toxins. (ehow.co.uk)
Explain to interested patients that this study evaluated peripheral blood eosinophil counts for potential use in guiding asthma therapy. (medpagetoday.com)
However, by analyzing blood for eosinophils we can have the information to use with our patients rapidly," Nabeel Farooqui, MD, of the University of Tennessee Health Science Center in Memphis, told attendees at the annual meeting of the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. (medpagetoday.com)
Farooqui and colleagues recruited 31 adults who had been diagnosed with asthma for a study to determine if the blood levels of eosinophils correlated with sputum levels. (medpagetoday.com)
Eosinophil trafficking in allergy and asthma. (nih.gov)
Eosinophils are considered the main effector cells in allergic responses and asthma pathogenesis and are associated with disease severity. (bionity.com)
Thus, sIgA may be the principal Ig mediating eosinophil effector function at mucosal surfaces in helminth infections and hypersensitivity diseases, especially bronchial asthma. (jimmunol.org)
Glucocorticoids (GCs) represent one of the most effective treatments for eosinophil-mediated inflammatory diseases such as asthma. (bmj.com)
Eosinophil accumulation and inappropriate activation causes symptoms and pathology in allergic asthma . (immunology.org)
1. Arterial and venous whole blood and plasma histamine concentrations and eosinophil and basophil counts were determined in five patients with acute severe asthma who had not previously received steroid therapy, in five who had been maintained on steroid therapy and in a control group of nine patients with acute non-respiratory illnesses. (portlandpress.com)
In adults with persistent asthma, elevated blood eosinophil levels may be able to predict which individuals are at increased risk for exacerbations. (medindia.net)
Eosinophils are known to be involved in the pathophysiology of asthma, and determining their relationship with asthma exacerbations may allow us to determine in advance which of these patients needs targeted interventions," said lead author Dr. Robert Zeiger, MD, PhD, Physician Investigator at Kaiser Permanente in San Diego, California. (medindia.net)
In our study, elevated blood eosinophil levels were found to be a risk factor for subsequent exacerbations in adult asthma patients. (medindia.net)
Eosinophils are white blood cells that become active in individuals with certain allergic diseases, including asthma, and other medical conditions. (medindia.net)
In the study, blood eosinophil levels were measured in 2,392 adult asthma patients in 2010 and the relationship between these levels and the rate of exacerbations in 2011 was determined in analyses adjusting for demographics, co-morbidities, and asthma burden and care. (medindia.net)
Increasing level of blood eosinophil at baseline was associated with increasing risk of future asthma exacerbation in both crude and adjusted analyses. (medindia.net)
Our findings suggest that asthma patients with an elevated blood eosinophil level have a greater disease burden," said Dr. Zeiger. (medindia.net)
Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., has presented results from a post hoc analysis of two pivotal Phase III clinical trials showing that treatment with reslizumab reduced clinical asthma exacerbations (CAEs) by 75 percent versus placebo in a subgroup of patients with late onset asthma (diagnosed at 40 years of age and older) with elevated blood eosinophils, who were inadequately controlled on inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). (medicalnewstoday.com)
Reslizumab is a humanized anti-interleukin-5 (IL-5) monoclonal antibody (mAb) for which Teva is seeking approval in the treatment of asthma in patients with elevated blood eosinophils who are inadequately controlled on an ICS-based regimen. (medicalnewstoday.com)
In order to determine the influence that age of asthma onset has as it relates to the efficacy of reslizumab, results were pooled from two Phase III clinical trials that investigated reslizumab IV 3 mg/kg in patients who were inadequately controlled on an ICS-based regimen, who had at least one asthma exacerbation within the previous 12 months, and a blood eosinophil count of ≥400/µL. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Data for this post-hoc analysis were pooled from two identical Phase III clinical trials (which were part of the BREATH clinical program) that comprised four placebo-controlled studies whose population of 1,700 adult and adolescent asthma patients (aged 12-75 years) had elevated blood eosinophils and symptoms that were inadequately controlled with ICS-based therapies. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Asthma is a complex disease, and some phenotypes, such as late onset asthma with elevated blood eosinophils, can present particularly significant treatment challenges that are not adequately addressed by currently available therapies," said Michael Hayden, M.D., Ph.D., President of Global R&D and Chief Scientific Officer at Teva. (medicalnewstoday.com)
BACKGROUND Asthma has been associated with eosinophil activation, measured in serum, sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and urine. (bmj.com)
Asthma is recognised as a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways with infiltration of eosinophils and mononuclear cells into the bronchial mucosa and associated vasodilation, microvascular leakage, and epithelial disruption. (bmj.com)
1 Indeed, eosinophils have been proposed as the primary cell responsible for bronchial mucosal injury, and may contribute to the airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) of asthma. (bmj.com)
2 Furthermore, the increased number of peripheral blood eosinophils correlates with symptoms of disease activity, and raised blood eosinophil counts have been found during nocturnal asthma. (bmj.com)
The research highlights the need for developing more effective treatments for asthma and suggests that it may be possible to target particular therapies to subsets of patients, such as those with high or low eosinophils. (sciencecodex.com)
New approaches to treating the "low eosinophil" group could be especially helpful for improving the overall effectiveness of treatments for mild asthma, the most common type of this respiratory condition. (sciencecodex.com)
We're not saying that steroids are unimportant for mild asthma, but our study does suggest that treatment guidelines should be re-evaluated for patients with mild persistent asthma who have low sputum eosinophils. (sciencecodex.com)
This study adds to a growing body of evidence that different patients with mild asthma should be treated differently, perhaps using biomarkers like sputum eosinophils to select which drugs should be used--a precision medicine approach," he said. (sciencecodex.com)
Past studies have estimated that about half of the population with mild persistent asthma have less than 2% sputum eosinophils and that most people with low eosinophils do not respond well to steroid treatment. (sciencecodex.com)
ECP was measured in sputum supernatant and in the lysed cell pellet and was compared with sputum eosinophil counts in 31 adults with asthma, chronic obstructive airway disease (COAD), bronchiectasis and healthy controls. (wiley.com)
The ratio of supernatant to pellet ECP was used as an index of eosinophil degranulation and found to be elevated in asthma exacerbations, COAD and bronchiectasis, but not in stable asthma. (wiley.com)
The ECP ratio may be a useful marker of eosinophil activation, and was increased in asthma exacerbation and COAD. (wiley.com)

Herein, we discuss the role of eosinophils in tumor immunity and propose mechanisms accounting for their functional differences in tumorigenesis. (eurekaselect.com)

Eosinophils are crucial for combatting parasitic infections and inflammatory processes, such as allergic reactions. (news-medical.net)
A wide range of diseases and conditions can cause eosinophil levels to rise, with allergic reactions and parasitic infections being especially common causes, notes Mayo Clinic. (reference.com)
I understand that high eosinophils generally means an allergic reaction, but I haven't had so much as a sneeze or runny nose. (medhelp.org)
Allergic or atopic disorders trigger eosinophils to increase throughout the body. (ehow.co.uk)
Eosinophils are capable of ingesting foreign particles and are involved in allergic responses and host defence against parasites. (encyclopedia.com)
Eosinophils, normally about 1-3% of the total white blood cell count, are believed to function in allergic responses and in resisting some infections. (labtestsonline.org.uk)
Acute allergic responses induce a prompt luminal entry of airway tissue eosinophils. (nih.gov)
Traditionally, traffic and activation of eosinophils in asthmatic airways are thought to take place during the late-phase allergic reaction. (nih.gov)
In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that acute allergic reactions initiate a prompt transepithelial migration of resident eosinophils. (nih.gov)
We propose that prompt eosinophil response is a significant component of the acute phase of allergic reactions when occurring in airways where these cells are already present in the mucosa. (nih.gov)
Eosinophils play an important role as effector cells in allergic, parasitic, and other conditions. (jimmunol.org)
Eosinophils become active when you have certain allergic diseases, infections, and other medical conditions. (ucsfhealth.org)
however, in several allergic disorders, excessive eosinophils accumulate in the blood as well in the tissues. (unboundmedicine.com)
Recently, we showed in vitro that interleukin (IL)-18 matures and transforms IL-5-generated eosinophils into the pathogenic eosinophils that are detected in human allergic diseases. (unboundmedicine.com)
Furthermore, we also found that overexpression of IL-18 in the intestine promotes eosinophil-associated peanut-induced allergic responses in mice. (unboundmedicine.com)
However, eosinophils can also be damaging as part of the inflammatory process of allergic disease. (immunology.org)
Eosinophils make up approx 0.5-1% of the white blood cells ( leukocytes ) in normal individuals, but this proportion is often raised to 3-5% in people with allergic symptoms, and can be much higher in those exposed to parasitic worms. (immunology.org)
The pathological roles of eosinophils, mast cells, and basophils in allergy are either directly or indirectly linked with the presence of allergen-specific IgE in allergic individuals. (worldallergy.org)
Therefore, therapies that reduce eosinophil numbers are usually effective in allergic diseases. (worldallergy.org)
In allergic reactions, eosinophils release the inhibitor histamine, which belongs to the prostaglandins E 1 and E 2 . (thefreedictionary.com)
Eosinophils are key effector cells in allergic diseases. (onmedica.com)

Because low levels of eosinophils means that the body is not likely to be engaged in fighting off illnesses, a blood test may help rule out several conditions, including certain drug reactions, immunologic disorders, blood disorders, endocrine problems, parasitic infestations and infectious diseases, according to Merck. (ehow.co.uk)
The International Eosinophil , Inc. (IES, Inc.) has been built up to unite researchers around the globe who are occupied with examination in the field of Eosinophil Biology and Eosinophil Disorders with a perspective to encouraging trade of thoughts and data about this interesting provocative cell sort and its part in ailments. (omicsonline.org)
Who should be tested for eosinophil-related disorders? (arupconsult.com)
What constitutes a workup for eosinophil-related disorders? (arupconsult.com)
What issues are important when evaluating pediatric patients with possible eosinophil-related disorders? (arupconsult.com)
What is important in monitoring patients with eosinophil-related disorders? (arupconsult.com)
Many different problems can cause high numbers of eosinophils in the blood including allergies (food and environmental), certain infections caused by parasites, eosinophil-associated gastrointestinal disorders, and other problems. (neocate.com)

RSV can activate eosinophils which promotes virus clearance through the production of ribonucleases and cytokines. (news-medical.net)

Will high eosinophil level lead to problems? (ndtv.com)
Home » Frequently asked Questions on Health » Will high eosinophil level lead to problems? (ndtv.com)
What could a constant reading of high eosinophil mean? (healthtap.com)
What is the reason for high eosinophil count? (ndtv.com)
Home » Frequently asked Questions on Health » What is the reason for high eosinophil count? (ndtv.com)
We searched for genes controlling high eosinophil infiltration in CcS-9 mice by linkage analysis in F2 hybrids between BALB/c and CcS-9 and detected four loci controlling eosinophil numbers. (nih.gov)

Eosinophils are a specialized type of cell within the immune system that are involved in anti-parasitic and inflammatory responses. (news-medical.net)
Eosinophils are specialized pro-inflammatory white blood cells. (news-medical.net)
After maturation, eosinophils circulate in blood and migrate to inflammatory sites in tissues, or to sites of helminth infection in response to chemokines like CCL11 (eotaxin-1), CCL24 (eotaxin-2), CCL5 (RANTES), 5-hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid and 5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid, and certain leukotrienes like leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and MCP1/4. (wikipedia.org)
Additionally, we could follow patients by monitoring peripheral eosinophil counts, and thus the underlying inflammatory activity," he said. (medpagetoday.com)
Eosinophil-mediated signalling attenuates inflammatory responses in experimental colitis. (nature.com)
After maturation, eosinophils circulate in blood and migrate to inflammatory sites in tissues, or to sites of helminth infection in response to chemokines like CCL11 (eotaxin-1), CCL24 (eotaxin-2), CCL5 (RANTES), and certain leukotrienes like leukotriene B4 (LTB4). (bionity.com)
Thus, through its ability to inhibit eosinophil migration, LTF has potential as an effective therapeutic in the control of eosinophil infiltration in atopic inflammatory conditions. (biomedsearch.com)
GCs act through the GC receptor, leading to proinflammatory cytokine suppression and a reduction in the number of inflammatory cells including eosinophils and T cells. (bmj.com)
Upon activation eosinophils can release an array of inflammatory mediators ( Figure 1 ). (immunology.org)
Inhaled steroids were better than placebo for a subset of the patients who had high levels of a particular type of inflammatory cells, called eosinophils, in their sputum, but they represented about a fourth of patients enrolled in the trial. (sciencecodex.com)
At the ARS section of the recent annual Combined Otolaryngology Spring Meeting, he described the role eosinophils play in polyps and inflammatory sinusitis . (enttoday.org)
The secondary problem then is what the eosinophils do to the sinus mucous membrane after they release their inflammatory mediators. (enttoday.org)

After maturity, eosinophils migrate into the blood vessels and travel to target tissues around the body. (news-medical.net)
Eosinophils also regulate the glucose tolerance within adipose tissues and produce several different types of growth factors which contribute to tissue repair. (news-medical.net)
These mediators are released by a process called degranulation following activation of the eosinophil, and are toxic to both parasite and host tissues. (wikipedia.org)
Eosinophils are stored in tissues throughout the body, surviving for up to several weeks. (healthline.com)
Problems arise if a person has a higher-than-normal number of eosinophils in their blood and/or if eosinophils infiltrate organs and tissues. (news-medical.net)
Eosinophils are granulocytic leukocytes residing in blood and tissues in the lung, breast, gastrointestinal and reproductive systems. (eurekaselect.com)
When a person has elevated numbers of eosinophils in their digestive system, tissues, organs, and/or bloodstream, without a known cause, he or she may have an eosinophil-associated disease (EAD). (neocate.com)

Eosinophils, sometimes called eosinophiles or, less commonly, acidophils, are a variety of white blood cells and one of the immune system components responsible for combating multicellular parasites and certain infections in vertebrates. (wikipedia.org)
Eosinophils destroy invading germs like viruses, bacteria, or parasites such as hookworms. (healthline.com)
Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that play an important part of our immune system, helping us to fight off certain types of infections, such as parasites. (neocate.com)

Eosinophils persist in the circulation for 8-12 hours, and can survive in tissue for an additional 8-12 days in the absence of stimulation. (wikipedia.org)
When high concentrations of eosinophil is discovered in tissue, such as the nasal passages, it can give heath care workers a clue about what could be wrong. (ehow.co.uk)
Fig. 5: Tissue-specific responses of eosinophil gene expression to epithelial coculture. (nature.com)
The present study tests the hypothesis that when eosinophils are present in the tissue before allergen exposure, as in chronically inflamed asthmatic airways, acute anaphylactic reactions initiate an eosinophil response. (nih.gov)
EoE is one of the most common eosinophil-related illnesses and can currently only be diagnosed on biopsies of esophageal tissue obtained with observation via an endoscope, a camera attached to a flexible tube that is inserted into a patient's throat. (news-medical.net)
Our analysis shows IL-18 overexpression in the jejunum induces a specific population of CD101 + CD274 + tissue eosinophils. (unboundmedicine.com)
There are many strategies to limit eosinophil-related tissue damage ( Figure 2 ). (immunology.org)
and University of Salford, Manchester, UK discovered that the number of eosinophils was greatly reduced in specific tissue layers of obese mice. (malariaworld.org)
Eosinophil numbers in blood and eosinophil tissue infiltration often correlate with the severity of the disease. (worldallergy.org)

and (3) directed differentiation of myeloid progenitor cells into functionally mature eosinophils. (springer.com)
The induction of eosinophils from hPSCs provides us with a perfect model to study the germination, development, differentiation, and maturation of human eosinophiles, which has not been well defined yet. (springer.com)
In both mice and humans, IL-3, IL-5, and GM-CSF are important for eosinophil differentiation and expansion. (rndsystems.com)

Unless alcohol abuse or Cushing's disease is suspected, low levels of eosinophils are not usually of concern unless other white cell counts are also abnormally low. (healthline.com)
For example, when someone is affected by hay fever, there are increased levels of eosinophils in the nasal passages, notes CincinnatiChildrens.org. (ehow.co.uk)

Low eosinophil counts may also be due to the time of day. (healthline.com)
Under normal conditions, eosinophil counts are lowest in the morning and highest in the evening. (healthline.com)
Even counting the patients who were on treatment, the correlation between blood eosinophil counts and eosinophil counts on sputum smear in all patients was 0.5 ( P =0.004). (medpagetoday.com)
Eosinophil counts greater than 8% may be observed in patients with concomitant atopic dermatitis. (medscape.com)
The technician then counts how many eosinophils are present per 100 cells. (ucsfhealth.org)
3. When compared with the values for the controls, statistically significant increases were observed, in the group not receiving steroids, for arterial and venous whole blood histamine concentrations, eosinophil counts and basophil counts, and, in those receiving steroids, for the venous basophil counts. (portlandpress.com)
There was a striking fall in whole blood histamine concentration and in eosinophil and basophil counts, but plasma histamine fell more slowly, especially in those who had not previously received steroids. (portlandpress.com)
In all studies, ICS/LABA reduced exacerbations versus LABA alone across all eosinophil levels, with progressively greater reductions at increasing baseline blood eosinophil counts. (dovepress.com)
When eosinophil count was modelled as a continuous predictor, the risk of either unexpected re-admission or post-ICU mortality only increased significantly when the eosinophil counts were less than 0. (thefreedictionary.com)
ECP measured in the cell pellet lysate correlated closely with sputum absolute eosinophil counts across a range of subject groups ( r = 0.72, P = 0.004). (wiley.com)
The measurement of ECP in the sputum cell pellet provides a reliable and efficient estimate of sputum eosinophil counts which can potentially be used in clinical trials and epidemiological surveys. (wiley.com)

In this report we present data on the ability of the different Fc gamma R present on eosinophils to mediate killing of erythroid and tumor targets, and on a comparison of eosinophil and neutrophil Fc gamma R-mediated killing. (jimmunol.org)
Such anti-CE x anti-Fc gamma R reagents permit linkage of CE target cells with the FcR molecules on the eosinophil or neutrophil effector cells. (jimmunol.org)
Irrespective of its source (milk or neutrophil derived), LTF inhibits eotaxin-stimulated eosinophil migration with no effects on eosinophil viability. (biomedsearch.com)
Essentially pure preparations of normal density eosinophils obtained from patients with hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) were stimulated with complement factor 5a (C5a), platelet-activating factor (PAF), FMLP and neutrophil-activating peptide (NAP-1/IL-8). (jci.org)
The YJ cell line should be useful for elucidating the molecular mechanisms governing lineage switching from the eosinophil to monocytic or neutrophil lineages. (nature.com)

Moreover, the numbers of eosinophils in sputum have been shown to predict the success of anti-eosinophil therapies in asthmatic patients. (worldallergy.org)
Numbers of eosinophils were counted in hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections of the inguinal lymph nodes under a light microscope. (nih.gov)
The lymph nodes of resistant STS and susceptible BALB/c mice contained very low and intermediate numbers of eosinophils, respectively. (nih.gov)

A recent study, based on the retrospective analysis of the clinical record of 4252 hospitalized patients with a positive SARS-Cov-2 PCR test, found that a higher percentage of eosinophils was predictive of higher odds of survival. (malariaworld.org)

Furthermore, chemotactic migration and degranulation ability have confirmed the maturity and function of these hPSC-derived eosinophils. (springer.com)
IgA-induced eosinophil degranulation. (jimmunol.org)
Secretory IgA (sIgA) provided the most potent signal for eosinophil degranulation and was two to three times more potent than IgG. (jimmunol.org)
Effects of ortho-substituent groups of sulochrin on inhibitory activity to eosinophil degranulation. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Sulochrin, a metabolite of fungi, has been shown to have an inhibitory activity to eosinophil degranulation. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The ratio of supernatant to pellet ECP was evaluated as an index of eosinophil degranulation. (wiley.com)

Herein, we investigated the crosstalk between human eosinophils and esophageal epithelial cells. (nature.com)
Citations to Shape changes, exocytosis, and cytosolic free calcium changes in stimulated human eosinophils. (jci.org)
Shape changes, exocytosis, and cytosolic free calcium changes in stimulated human eosinophils. (jci.org)

In this review, we will describe the details of methodology for generating these functionally mature eosinophils from hPSCs and the related assay for their function and maturation. (springer.com)
IL-5, GM-CSF and IL-3 are important for eosinophil activation as well as maturation. (bionity.com)

If our findings can be replicated in other populations and settings, measurement of blood eosinophil levels may help guide treatment for patients at the greatest risk for exacerbations. (medindia.net)
We performed post hoc predictive modeling on data from the FORWARD study and two replicate studies by Dransfield, to evaluate the relationships between baseline eosinophil count and the effect of ICS on exacerbations and lung function in patients with COPD. (dovepress.com)

However, the mechanisms that counterbalance these positive chemoattractive processes, thereby preventing excessive eosinophil infiltration, have received little attention. (biomedsearch.com)
Eosinophil infiltration is considered unfavourable in Hodgkin's lymphoma, conversely it has also been linked to a favourable prognosis in colorectal, breast and prostate cancers. (eurekaselect.com)
We analyzed the role of sex in the impact of specific gene loci on eosinophil infiltration and its functional relevance. (nih.gov)
Unexpectedly, eosinophil infiltration in strain CcS-9 exceeded that in BALB/c and STS and was higher in males than in females. (nih.gov)
Eosinophil infiltration was positively correlated with parasite load in lymph nodes of F2 hybrids in males, but not in females. (nih.gov)
Strains CcS-9 (P = 0.00020) (Fig. 1e, f) and CcS-12 (P = 0.0024) exhibit significantly higher eosinophil infiltration in their lymph nodes than the background parental strain BALB/c. (nih.gov)
BALB/c and CcS-9 males presented higher eosinophil infiltration than females of these strains P = 0.0089 and P = 0.016, respectively. (nih.gov)

The improper expression and activity of eosinophils contribute to other dermatological diseases, such as chronic spontaneous urticaria, and gleich syndrome. (news-medical.net)
A high eosinophils count can result from allergies, environmental toxins, autoimmune diseases, parasitic infections and fungal infections, explains Mayo Clinic. (reference.com)
Anything from worms to hodgkin's to the eosinophil family of diseases to nothing-at-all can do this. (healthtap.com)
We hope you'll take a moment to help us teach others about eosinophil-associated diseases. (neocate.com)
As part of their research, they have discovered several new syndromes and identified how mast cells and eosinophils play a role in a variety of diseases. (mayoclinic.org)

The mechanism(s) by which eosinophils mediate their effector functions was studied by incubation of human normodense eosinophils with Sepharose beads coupled to various Ig isotypes as targets. (jimmunol.org)
The objective of this study was to investigate whether SA directly induces eosinophil effector functions via PAFR in the context of AD pathogenesis. (biomedsearch.com)

In normal individuals, eosinophils make up about 1-3% of white blood cells, and are about 12-17 micrometres in size with bilobed nuclei. (wikipedia.org)
An acceptable eosinophil range is 30 to 350 in an absolute blood count, Medscape claims. (reference.com)
An adult who has more than 1,500 eosinophils per microliter of blood is classed as having hypereosinophillic syndrome. (reference.com)
Eosinophils are one type of white blood cell, and their function in the body is to ward off disease. (reference.com)
An eosinophil is a type of white blood cell. (healthline.com)
An eosinophil count is a blood test that measures the quantity of eosinophils in your body. (healthline.com)
Abnormal eosinophil levels are often discovered as part of a routine complete blood count (CBC) test. (healthline.com)
In adults, a normal blood sample reading will show fewer than 500 eosinophil cells per microliter of blood. (healthline.com)
Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that play a key part in the body's immune system. (ehow.co.uk)
During a blood test, health care providers check for eosinophil levels. (ehow.co.uk)
eosinophil A type of white blood cell ( leucocyte ) that has a granular cytoplasm (see granulocyte ). (encyclopedia.com)
At a poster session, Farooqui said that a blood eosinophil count can be accomplished in the time it takes for the sample to be taken and for the patient to go to the examination room to see the doctor. (medpagetoday.com)
During routine office visits, researchers collected blood samples from each patient and performed a peripheral eosinophil count. (medpagetoday.com)
The eosinophils induced from hPSCs in our system showed similar morphology and surface marker expression with those in peripheral blood through May-Grϋnwald-Giemsa staining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, flow cytometric analysis (FACS), RT-PCR analysis, and immunofluorescent staining. (springer.com)
Eosinophils make up about 1-6% of white blood cells, and are about 12-17 micrometers in size. (bionity.com)
Blood eosinophils are a potential biomarker to stratify patient subsets for COPD therapy. (nih.gov)
Blood eosinophils are therefore a promising biomarker for phenotyping patients with COPD, although prospective studies are needed to assess blood eosinophils as a biomarker of corticosteroid response for this. (nih.gov)
IL-18 overexpression in enterocytes promotes marked increases of eosinophils in the blood and jejunum. (unboundmedicine.com)
Peripheral blood eosinophils were cultured with heat-killed SA, and EDN release, superoxide generation, and adhesion to fibronectin-coated plates were measured. (biomedsearch.com)
the blood total eosinophil count and the number of hypodense eosinophils correlate with the severity of the attack. (citizendium.org)
Can blood eosinophils predict sputum eosinophils in stable COPD? (ersjournals.com)
Eosinophils are a white blood cell involved in the immune response to antigens (fragments on the surface of pathogens or foreign objects). (sciencephoto.com)
Blood eosinophil (EOS) levels are associated with the degree of exacerbation reduction with ICS. (dovepress.com)
This is a moderately advanced eosinophil (white blood cell of the polymorphonuclear leukocytes subgroup) whose nucleus is bilobed. (sciencephoto.com)
Lead researcher, Dr Sheena Cruickshank, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK commented on the findings, explaining: "Our study showed that in fact the secretions from eosinophils have a profound effect on how the blood vessels operate when they are missing, as in obesity, serious health problems can start to develop. (malariaworld.org)
Considering taking medication to treat pneumonia+with+high+amount+of+eosinophil+white+blood+cells? (webmd.com)
Below is a list of common medications used to treat or reduce the symptoms of pneumonia+with+high+amount+of+eosinophil+white+blood+cells. (webmd.com)
Growing evidence suggests that blood eosinophil count is associated with patient responsiveness to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). (dovepress.com)
Higher blood eosinophil count in patients with COPD is associated with an increased beneficial effect from ICS in terms of exacerbation reduction. (dovepress.com)
Further prospective data are required to assess the role of blood eosinophils as a biomarker for therapeutic recommendations. (dovepress.com)
The eosinophil level in my blood report is higher than normal. (ndtv.com)
What do elevated eosinophils in the blood mean? (healthtap.com)
Eosinophils are one type of white blood cell. (healthtap.com)
The upper limit of normal circulating eosinophils in the peripheral blood is 350 to 500/mm 3 . (oncologynurseadvisor.com)

The migration and movement of eosinophils is promoted by chemokines, such as CCL11, CCL24 and CCL26 and chemokine receptors, such as CCR3. (news-medical.net)
Fig. 4: Functional impact of soluble factors in coculture on eosinophil migration and viability. (nature.com)
Within 10 min, a marked migration of eosinophils into the airway lumen was demonstrated. (nih.gov)
Inhibition of eosinophil migration by lactoferrin. (biomedsearch.com)
Here, we show that, lactoferrin (LTF), a pleiotropic 80-kDa glycoprotein with iron-binding properties, acts as a powerful inhibitor of eosinophil migration. (biomedsearch.com)
Furthermore, the iron-saturation status of LTF did not influence the observed inhibitory effect on migration, proving that LTF exerts its effect on eosinophil chemotaxis independent of its iron-chelating activity. (biomedsearch.com)
These results highlight LTF as one of the few molecules reported to negatively regulate eosinophil migration. (biomedsearch.com)
cross-hatched columns) of in vitro rat eosinophil migration induced by fMLP (5 × 10 −8 M) compared with either the control value (solid column) or the inactive enantiomer d -NAME (open columns). (pnas.org)
Eosinophil migration is expressed as the mean number of migrated cells per HPF. (pnas.org)
The inhibition by TRIM (open columns) and AMT (crosshatched columns) of in vitro rat eosinophil migration induced by fMLP (5 × 10 −8 M). The control value (migration in absence of both TRIM and AMT) is shown by the solid bar. (pnas.org)
There is some evidence to suggest that eosinophils undergo activation during their migration to the lung, 7 and some drugs have been shown to block this activation. (bmj.com)

Paired Ig-like receptor B inhibits IL-13-driven eosinophil accumulation and activation in the esophagus. (nature.com)
The increased ECP in COAD reflects a non-selective accumulation of eosinophils in this condition. (wiley.com)

A peptide chemotactic for eosinophils and released from disrupted mast cells. (dictionary.com)
Eosinophils, mast cells, and basophils all were first recognized and described by Paul Ehrlich in the late 19th century. (worldallergy.org)
Mayo Clinic allergy and collaborating physicians are leaders in mast cell and eosinophil-associated disease research. (mayoclinic.org)

Eosinophils are present in normal human intestinal mucosa, where their main functions are presumably participation in hypersensitivity reactions and defense against helminthic infestations. (springer.com)
Northwood I., Beliveau C., Gump D., Beeken W. (1987) Enumeration, Receptor Expression and Phagocytic Capabilities of Eosinophils of Human Colon Mucosa. (springer.com)
ORLANDO, FL-Eosinophils are the bane of nasal mucosa, and no one knows better than Fredrick A. Kuhn, MD, of the Georgia Nasal and Sinus Institute in Savannah, GA-a region where it is not uncommon for otolaryngologists to see patients presenting with polyps. (enttoday.org)

Normal eosinophil count is less than 500 cells per microliter (cells/mcL). (ucsfhealth.org)

Analysis of epithelial cell transcripts indicated that exposure to eosinophils induced differential expression of a subset of genes that were part of the EoE esophageal transcriptome. (nature.com)

Eosinophils can phagocytose fungi, such as Cryptococcus neoformans and present antigens to other immune cells. (news-medical.net)
Eosinophils aid in the body's immune response. (medlineplus.gov)
Eosinophils are major effector cells in the immune system. (immunology.org)
Munitz and Yu's initial research has indicated that STAT3 is indeed activated in eosinophil immune cells in the tumor. (cityofhope.org)
Ultimately, they hope to develop novel cancer treatments that target eosinophils and other unhelpful immune cells present in the TME. (cityofhope.org)
She has studied the majority of subtypes of immune cells in the TME, but eosinophils were new to her, so Munitz's proposal immediately struck her as appealing. (cityofhope.org)
Eosinophils, a specific type of immune cell, may present as a new target for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity-related hypertension. (malariaworld.org)

In conclusion, SA directly induced eosinophil activation via PAFR. (biomedsearch.com)

This second edition of Eosinophils: Methods and Protocols updates several techniques from the first edition together with novel in vitro and in vivo -based methodologies. (springer.com)
Misako Sakai-Kashiwabara and Kazuhito Asano, "Inhibitory Action of Quercetin on Eosinophil Activation In Vitro ," Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine , vol. 2013, Article ID 127105, 7 pages, 2013. (hindawi.com)

What Causes a High Eosinophils Count? (reference.com)
What is an eosinophil count? (healthline.com)
Why do I need an eosinophil count? (healthline.com)
How do I prepare for an eosinophil count? (healthline.com)
What happens during an eosinophil count? (healthline.com)
The eosinophil count is used to help confirm a diagnosis. (ucsfhealth.org)
This study was the first to identify a correlation between a reduction in eosinophil count within obese mice. (malariaworld.org)
Change in FEV 1 was not associated with eosinophil count in ICS-treated patients in FORWARD, whereas an increased treatment benefit in terms of FEV 1 was observed at higher eosinophil levels in the Dransfield studies. (dovepress.com)
For example, salmeterol inhibits the rise in serum ECP following allergen challenge without significantly affecting the eosinophil count. (bmj.com)
What does it mean when your eosinophils cells count is 0? (healthtap.com)
I would draw no conclusion whatsoever from a random finding of an eosinophil count below the reference range. (healthtap.com)
TLC and eosinophil count was higher while monocyte count was lower in smokers (insignificantly low in light smokers). (thefreedictionary.com)

A method to study apoptosis in eosinophils by flow cytometry. (diva-portal.org)

With their expertise in these different areas of immunology, the two scientists are now pursuing a hypothesis that eosinophils, which migrate into the TME in a variety of tumors, advance lung and breast cancer metastasis with the help of STAT3. (cityofhope.org)

Eosinophils migrate to several organs through primary and secondary lymph organs, such as the thymus, lymph nodes, and spleen. (news-medical.net)

Eosinophils may end up being a way to manipulate the tumor to the benefit of patients. (cityofhope.org)
This study investigates the effect of eosinophil MBP extract on the expression of oncogenes p53, bcl-xl, bax, and c-myc, which modulate tumor growth, proliferation, and apoptosis. (scirp.org)

Anatomy11

Organisms4

Diseases17

Chemicals and Drugs49

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment6

Phenomena and Processes6

Prolonged eosinophil accumulation in allergic lung interstitium of ICAM-2 deficient mice results in extended hyperresponsiveness. (1/3575)

Clonality of isolated eosinophils in the hypereosinophilic syndrome. (2/3575)

Structural determinants of the eosinophil: chemotactic activity of the acidic tetrapeptides of eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis. (3/3575)

Selective eosinophil transendothelial migration triggered by eotaxin via modulation of Mac-1/ICAM-1 and VLA-4/VCAM-1 interactions. (4/3575)

Airway inflammatory response to ozone in subjects with different asthma severity. (5/3575)

Orally exhaled nitric oxide levels are related to the degree of blood eosinophilia in atopic children with mild-intermittent asthma. (6/3575)

A genome-wide screen for asthma-associated quantitative trait loci in a mouse model of allergic asthma. (7/3575)

Effects of Th2 cytokines on chemokine expression in the lung: IL-13 potently induces eotaxin expression by airway epithelial cells. (8/3575)

Eosinophils

Eosinophil Peroxidase

Eosinophil Granule Proteins

Chemotactic Factors, Eosinophil

Eosinophilia

Interleukin-5

Eosinophil Cationic Protein

Chemokine CCL11

Eosinophil Major Basic Protein

Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin

Ribonucleases

Receptors, CCR3

Pulmonary Eosinophilia

Chemokine CCL24

Chemokines, CC

Asthma

Leukocyte Count

Cell Degranulation

Blood Proteins

Chemotaxis, Leukocyte

Hypereosinophilic Syndrome

Leukotriene C4

Ovalbumin

Peroxidases

Allergens

Hypersensitivity

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid

Bronchial Hyperreactivity

Platelet Activating Factor

Neutrophils

Immunoglobulin E

Respiratory Hypersensitivity

Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor

Basophils

Lung

Cytoplasmic Granules

Receptors, Interleukin-5

Leukotriene B4

Cytokines

Pleurisy

Antigens, CD18

Th2 Cells

Sputum

Interleukin-5 Receptor alpha Subunit

Integrin alpha4

Interleukin-3

Chemokine CCL5

Mice, Inbred BALB C

Lysophospholipase

Cells, Cultured

Hypersensitivity, Immediate

Guinea Pigs

Nasal Polyps

Bronchi

Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins

Mast Cells

Interleukin-4

Inflammation

Bronchial Provocation Tests

Receptors, Chemokine

Complement C5a

Cell Movement

Schistosoma mansoni

SRS-A

Conjunctivitis, Allergic

Cell Adhesion

Chemotactic Factors

Integrin alpha4beta1

Interleukin-13

Flow Cytometry

Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial

Anti-Allergic Agents

Methacholine Chloride

Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Cell Separation

Rolipram

Nasal Lavage Fluid

Macrophage-1 Antigen

Chemokine CCL7

Leukotrienes