Environmental Health
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (U.S.)
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Light on population health status. (1/991)
A new approach to illustrating and analysing health status is presented which allows comparisons of various aspects of health in a population at different times and in different populations during given periods. Both quantitative and qualitative elements can be represented, the impact of interventions can be monitored, and the extent to which objectives are achieved can be assessed. The practical application of the approach is demonstrated with reference to the health profiles to Tunisia in 1966 and 1994. (+info)Hazardous wastes in eastern and central Europe: technology and health effects. (2/991)
Issues of hazardous waste management are major concerns in the countries of eastern and central Europe. A National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences-supported conference was held in Prague, Czech Republic, as a part of a continuing effort to provide information and promote discussion among the countries of eastern and central Europe on issues related to hazardous wastes. The focus was on incineration as a means of disposal of hazardous wastes, with discussions on both engineering methods for safe incineration, and possible human health effects from incineration by-products. Representatives from government agencies, academic institutions, and local industries from 14 countries in the region participated along with a few U.S. and western European experts in this field. A series of 12 country reports documented national issues relating to the environment, with a focus on use of incineration for hazardous waste disposal. A particularly valuable contribution was made by junior scientists from the region, who described results of environmental issues in their countries. (+info)Water pollution and human health in China. (3/991)
China's extraordinary economic growth, industrialization, and urbanization, coupled with inadequate investment in basic water supply and treatment infrastructure, have resulted in widespread water pollution. In China today approximately 700 million people--over half the population--consume drinking water contaminated with levels of animal and human excreta that exceed maximum permissible levels by as much as 86% in rural areas and 28% in urban areas. By the year 2000, the volume of wastewater produced could double from 1990 levels to almost 78 billion tons. These are alarming trends with potentially serious consequences for human health. This paper reviews and analyzes recent Chinese reports on public health and water resources to shed light on what recent trends imply for China's environmental risk transition. This paper has two major conclusions. First, the critical deficits in basic water supply and sewage treatment infrastructure have increased the risk of exposure to infectious and parasitic disease and to a growing volume of industrial chemicals, heavy metals, and algal toxins. Second, the lack of coordination between environmental and public health objectives, a complex and fragmented system to manage water resources, and the general treatment of water as a common property resource mean that the water quality and quantity problems observed as well as the health threats identified are likely to become more acute. (+info)Impact of diet on lead in blood and urine in female adults and relevance to mobilization of lead from bone stores. (4/991)
We measured high precision lead isotope ratios and lead concentrations in blood, urine, and environmental samples to assess the significance of diet as a contributing factor to blood and urine lead levels in a cohort of 23 migrant women and 5 Australian-born women. We evaluated possible correlations between levels of dietary lead intake and changes observed in blood and urine lead levels and isotopic composition during pregnancy and postpartum. Mean blood lead concentrations for both groups were approximately 3 microg/dl. The concentration of lead in the diet was 5.8 +/- 3 microg Pb/kg [geometric mean (GM) 5.2] and mean daily dietary intake was 8.5 microg/kg/day (GM 7.4), with a range of 2-39 microg/kg/day. Analysis of 6-day duplicate dietary samples for individual subjects commonly showed major spikes in lead concentration and isotopic composition that were not reflected by associated changes in either blood lead concentration or isotopic composition. Changes in blood lead levels and isotopic composition observed during and after pregnancy could not be solely explained by dietary lead. These data are consistent with earlier conclusions that, in cases where levels of environmental lead exposure and dietary lead intake are low, skeletal contribution is the dominant contributor to blood lead, especially during pregnancy and postpartum. (+info)High concentrations of heavy metals in neighborhoods near ore smelters in northern Mexico. (5/991)
In developing countries, rapid industrialization without environmental controls has resulted in heavy metal contamination of communities. We hypothesized that residential neighborhoods located near ore industries in three northern Mexican cities would be heavily polluted with multiple contaminants (arsenic, cadmium, and lead) and that these sites would be point sources for the heavy metals. To evaluate these hypotheses, we obtained samples of roadside surface dust from residential neighborhoods within 2 m of metal smelters [Torreon (n = 19)] and Chihuahua (n = 19)] and a metal refinery [Monterrey (n = 23)]. Heavy metal concentrations in dust were mapped with respect to distance from the industrial sites. Correlation between dust metal concentration and distance was estimated with least-squares regression using log-transformed data. Median dust arsenic, cadmium, and lead concentrations were 32, 10, and 277 microg/g, respectively, in Chihuahua; 42, 2, and 467 microg/g, respectively, in Monterrey, and 113, 112, and 2,448 microg/g, respectively, in Torreon. Dust concentrations of all heavy metals were significantly higher around the active smelter in Torreon, where more than 90% of samples exceeded Superfund cleanup goals. At all sites, dust concentrations were inversely related to distance from the industrial source, implicating these industries as the likely source of the contamination. We concluded that residential neighborhoods around metal smelting and refining sites in these three cities are contaminated by heavy metals at concentrations likely to pose a health threat to people living nearby. Evaluations of human exposure near these sites should be conducted. Because multiple heavy metal pollutants may exist near smelter sites, researchers should avoid attributing toxicity to one heavy metal unless others have been measured and shown not to coexist. (+info)Animals as sentinels of human health hazards of environmental chemicals. (6/991)
A workshop titled "Using Sentinel Species Data to Address the Potential Human Health Effects of Chemicals in the Environment," sponsored by the U.S. Army Center for Environmental Health Research, the National Center for Environmental Assessment of the EPA, and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, was held to consider the use of sentinel and surrogate animal species data for evaluating the potential human health effects of chemicals in the environment. The workshop took a broad view of the sentinel species concept, and included mammalian and nonmammalian species, companion animals, food animals, fish, amphibians, and other wildlife. Sentinel species data included observations of wild animals in field situations as well as experimental animal data. Workshop participants identified potential applications for sentinel species data derived from monitoring programs or serendipitous observations and explored the potential use of such information in human health hazard and risk assessments and for evaluating causes or mechanisms of effect. Although it is unlikely that sentinel species data will be used as the sole determinative factor in evaluating human health concerns, such data can be useful as for additional weight of evidence in a risk assessment, for providing early warning of situations requiring further study, or for monitoring the course of remedial activities. Attention was given to the factors impeding the application of sentinel species approaches and their acceptance in the scientific and regulatory communities. Workshop participants identified a number of critical research needs and opportunities for interagency collaboration that could help advance the use of sentinel species approaches. (+info)Double exposure. Environmental tobacco smoke. (7/991)
One study after another is finding strong associations between a variety of human illness and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). A 1986 report by the U.S. Surgeon General concluded that ETS is a cause of disease, including lung cancer, in healthy nonsmokers. Other reports have documented causal associations between ETS and lower respiratory tract infections, middle ear disease and exacerbation of asthma in children, heart disease, retardation of fetal growth, sudden infant death syndrome, and nasal sinus cancer. However, the findings from many of these studies remain controversial. A number of scientists remain skeptical about the association between ETS and serious illness in nonsmokers, charging that scientific journals either fail to publish pro-tobacco findings and meta-analyses or disregard those that are published. They also claim that many epidemiological studies declare causal associations based on marginal odds ratios. (+info)Potential effects of gas hydrate on human welfare. (8/991)
For almost 30 years. serious interest has been directed toward natural gas hydrate, a crystalline solid composed of water and methane, as a potential (i) energy resource, (ii) factor in global climate change, and (iii) submarine geohazard. Although each of these issues can affect human welfare, only (iii) is considered to be of immediate importance. Assessments of gas hydrate as an energy resource have often been overly optimistic, based in part on its very high methane content and on its worldwide occurrence in continental margins. Although these attributes are attractive, geologic settings, reservoir properties, and phase-equilibria considerations diminish the energy resource potential of natural gas hydrate. The possible role of gas hydrate in global climate change has been often overstated. Although methane is a "greenhouse" gas in the atmosphere, much methane from dissociated gas hydrate may never reach the atmosphere, but rather may be converted to carbon dioxide and sequestered by the hydrosphere/biosphere before reaching the atmosphere. Thus, methane from gas hydrate may have little opportunity to affect global climate change. However, submarine geohazards (such as sediment instabilities and slope failures on local and regional scales, leading to debris flows, slumps, slides, and possible tsunamis) caused by gas-hydrate dissociation are of immediate and increasing importance as humankind moves to exploit seabed resources in ever-deepening waters of coastal oceans. The vulnerability of gas hydrate to temperature and sea level changes enhances the instability of deep-water oceanic sediments, and thus human activities and installations in this setting can be affected. (+info)Lead poisoning is a condition that occurs when a person is exposed to high levels of lead, a toxic metal that can damage the brain, nervous system, and other organs. Lead can enter the body through ingestion, inhalation, or absorption through the skin. Children are particularly vulnerable to lead poisoning because their developing brains and bodies are more sensitive to the effects of lead.
Types of Lead Poisoning:
There are several types of lead poisoning, including:
1. Acute lead poisoning: This occurs when a person is exposed to a high dose of lead in a short period of time. Symptoms can include vomiting, abdominal pain, and seizures.
2. Chronic lead poisoning: This type of poisoning occurs when a person is exposed to lower levels of lead over a longer period of time. Symptoms can include headaches, fatigue, and learning difficulties.
3. Lead-induced encephalopathy: This is a serious condition that occurs when lead accumulates in the brain and causes damage to brain tissue. Symptoms can include confusion, agitation, and seizures.
Causes of Lead Poisoning:
Lead poisoning can be caused by a variety of sources, including:
1. Lead-based paint: Homes built before 1978 may contain lead-based paint, which can chip and flake, releasing lead dust into the air.
2. Lead-contaminated soil: Soil near industrial sites or areas with high levels of lead in the environment can be contaminated with lead.
3. Lead-contaminated water: Water pipes or fixtures that contain lead can leach into the water, causing lead poisoning.
4. Lead exposure at work: Workers in industries that use lead, such as construction or manufacturing, may be exposed to lead on the job.
5. Lead-containing products: Some products, such as cosmetics and imported canned foods, may contain lead.
Symptoms of Lead Poisoning:
The symptoms of lead poisoning can vary depending on the level of exposure and the age of the person affected. In children, lead poisoning can cause:
1. Learning disabilities
2. Behavioral problems
3. Developmental delays
4. Lower IQ
5. Hyperactivity
6. Sleep disturbances
7. Headaches
8. Nausea and vomiting
9. Abdominal pain
10. Fatigue
In adults, lead poisoning can cause:
1. Memory loss
2. Confusion
3. Slurred speech
4. Weakness in the hands and feet
5. Vision problems
6. Headaches
7. Fatigue
8. Irritability
9. Mood changes
10. Sleep disturbances
Diagnosis of Lead Poisoning:
A diagnosis of lead poisoning is typically made based on a combination of physical symptoms, medical history, and laboratory tests. Blood tests can measure the level of lead in the bloodstream, and a hair or urine test can also be used to determine exposure. Imaging tests, such as X-rays or CT scans, may be used to visualize any damage to organs or tissues.
Treatment of Lead Poisoning:
There is no specific treatment for lead poisoning, but treatment is aimed at removing the source of exposure and supporting the body's natural detoxification processes. Chelation therapy may be used in severe cases to remove lead from the body. Other treatments may include:
1. Medications to help reduce symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting
2. Blood transfusions in severe cases
3. Monitoring of vital organs such as the kidneys, liver, and brain
4. Nutritional support to ensure adequate intake of essential nutrients
5. Environmental remediation to remove lead sources from the home or workplace
Prevention of Lead Poisoning:
Preventing lead poisoning is crucial, as there is no cure for this condition. Here are some ways to prevent lead exposure:
1. Avoid using lead-based products such as paint, ceramics, and plumbing
2. Keep children away from areas where lead is present, such as construction sites or old buildings
3. Regularly test for lead in soil, water, and paint
4. Use lead-free alternatives to products that contain lead
5. Dispose of lead-containing waste properly
6. Keep the home clean and dust-free to reduce lead particles in the air
7. Avoid eating or drinking in areas where lead is present
8. Wash hands and toys regularly, especially after playing outdoors
9. Use a certified lead abatement contractor to remove lead from homes built before 1978
10. Keep informed about lead hazards in your community and take action to prevent exposure.
Conclusion:
Lead poisoning is a serious health issue that can cause long-term damage to the brain, nervous system, and other organs. Prevention is key, and it is essential to be aware of potential sources of lead exposure in your home and community. If you suspect lead poisoning, seek medical attention immediately. Early detection and treatment can help reduce the risk of permanent damage.
The diagnosis of MCS is based on a combination of medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. There is no specific diagnostic test for MCS, and the condition can be difficult to diagnose because its symptoms are similar to those of other conditions. Treatment for MCS typically involves avoiding exposure to chemicals and managing symptoms through lifestyle changes, stress reduction techniques, and medication.
MCS is a controversial condition, and some researchers question whether it is a valid medical diagnosis. However, many health professionals recognize MCS as a legitimate condition that affects thousands of people worldwide.
There are several types of chemical sensitivity, including:
* Irritant-induced sensitivity: This type of sensitivity occurs when an individual becomes sensitive to a specific chemical after repeated exposure to it.
* Allergic contact sensitivity: This type of sensitivity occurs when an individual develops an allergic reaction to a specific chemical.
* Idiopathic environmental intolerance: This type of sensitivity occurs when an individual experiences adverse reactions to multiple chemicals, without any known cause.
There are several risk factors for developing MCS, including:
* Previous exposure to toxic chemicals
* Genetic predisposition
* Age (MCS is more common in younger adults)
* Gender (women are more likely to develop MCS than men)
* Stress and psychological factors
There are several ways to prevent or reduce the risk of developing MCS, including:
* Avoiding exposure to toxic chemicals
* Using protective gear and equipment when working with chemicals
* Properly disposing of chemical waste
* Following safety protocols when handling chemicals
* Reducing stress and managing psychological factors.
There are several ways to diagnose MCS, including:
* Medical history and physical examination
* Allergy testing (such as skin prick testing or blood tests)
* Environmental exposure assessment
* Physiological testing (such as heart rate and blood pressure monitoring)
* Neuropsychological testing (such as cognitive function and mood assessment).
There are several treatment options for MCS, including:
* Avoiding exposure to triggers
* Medications (such as antihistamines or antidepressants)
* Immunotherapy (such as allergy shots)
* Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
* Alternative therapies (such as acupuncture or herbal supplements).
It is important to note that MCS is a complex and controversial condition, and there is ongoing debate about its cause and validity. However, for those who suffer from the condition, it can have a significant impact on their quality of life, and it is important to seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen over time.
Some common examples of respiratory tract diseases include:
1. Pneumonia: An infection of the lungs that can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi.
2. Bronchitis: Inflammation of the airways (bronchi) that can cause coughing, wheezing, and difficulty breathing.
3. Asthma: A chronic condition that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath.
4. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): A progressive condition that makes it difficult to breathe due to damage to the lungs over time.
5. Tuberculosis: An infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis that primarily affects the lungs.
6. Laryngitis: Inflammation of the voice box (larynx) that can cause hoarseness and difficulty speaking.
7. Tracheitis: Inflammation of the trachea, or windpipe, that can cause coughing, fever, and difficulty breathing.
8. Croup: An infection of the throat and lungs that can cause a barky cough and difficulty breathing.
9. Pleurisy: Inflammation of the lining around the lungs (pleura) that can cause chest pain, fever, and difficulty breathing.
10. Pertussis (whooping cough): An infectious disease caused by the bacteria Bordetella pertussis that can cause coughing fits and difficulty breathing.
These are just a few examples of the many different types of respiratory tract diseases that exist. Each one has its own unique symptoms, causes, and treatment options.
Mercury poisoning occurs when a person is exposed to high levels of mercury, a toxic metal that can damage the brain, kidneys, and other organs. Mercury exposure can occur through ingestion of contaminated food or water, inhalation of mercury vapor, or skin contact with mercury-containing substances.
Symptoms of mercury poisoning can include tremors, muscle weakness, numbness or tingling in the hands and feet, memory loss, and difficulty speaking or walking. In severe cases, mercury poisoning can cause kidney failure, respiratory failure, and even death.
The diagnosis of mercury poisoning is typically made through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and laboratory tests, including blood and urine tests to measure the levels of mercury in the body. Treatment for mercury poisoning usually involves chelation therapy, which uses a medication to bind to the mercury in the body and remove it through the kidneys. In severe cases, hospitalization and supportive care may be necessary.
Prevention of mercury poisoning is important, as there is no specific treatment for this condition. Reducing exposure to mercury-containing substances, such as avoiding consumption of fish with high levels of mercury, using safe storage and disposal practices for mercury-containing products, and using alternative products that do not contain mercury, can help prevent mercury poisoning.
Mercury Poisoning Causes
-----------------------
There are several sources of mercury poisoning, including:
1. Fish consumption: Fish with high levels of mercury, such as shark, swordfish, and king mackerel, can cause mercury poisoning if consumed in large amounts or regularly.
2. Mercury-containing products: Products that contain mercury, such as thermometers, fluorescent light bulbs, and some medical devices, can release mercury vapor or be released into the environment if not handled properly.
3. Industrial exposure: Workers in industries that use mercury, such as coal-fired power plants, mining, and manufacturing, can be exposed to high levels of mercury vapor.
4. Medical procedures: Some medical procedures, such as dental fillings and vaccines, may contain mercury.
5. Environmental exposure: Exposure to mercury-contaminated soil, water, or air can also cause mercury poisoning.
Symptoms of Mercury Poisoning
--------------------------
The symptoms of mercury poisoning can vary depending on the level and duration of exposure, as well as the age and health status of the individual. Some common symptoms include:
1. Tremors and muscle weakness
2. Numbness or tingling in the hands and feet
3. Sleep disturbances
4. Memory problems and cognitive impairment
5. Mood changes, such as irritability and anxiety
6. Headaches and fatigue
7. Speech and language difficulties
8. Vision problems, such as blurred vision or loss of peripheral vision
9. Kidney damage and impaired renal function
10. Reproductive problems, such as reduced fertility and birth defects.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Mercury Poisoning
------------------------------------------
Diagnosing mercury poisoning can be challenging, as the symptoms are similar to those of other conditions. However, a healthcare provider may suspect mercury poisoning based on the individual's exposure history and medical symptoms. A blood test can measure the level of mercury in the body, which can help confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment for mercury poisoning typically involves removing the source of exposure and providing supportive care to manage symptoms. This may include:
1. Chelation therapy: A medication called a chelator can be given to bind to the mercury in the body and help remove it through urine.
2. Supportive care: Medications such as anticonvulsants, muscle relaxants, and pain relievers may be prescribed to manage symptoms such as seizures, muscle spasms, and pain.
3. Kidney function monitoring: Individuals with kidney damage or impairment may require close monitoring of their kidney function and potentially receive dialysis.
4. Nutritional support: A healthy diet rich in nutrients may help support the body's natural detoxification processes.
5. Psychological support: Mercury poisoning can have psychological effects, such as anxiety and depression, which may require psychological support.
Prevention of Mercury Poisoning
-----------------------------
Preventing mercury poisoning involves reducing exposure to mercury in the environment and workplace. Here are some ways to reduce exposure:
1. Avoid consuming fish with high levels of mercury, such as shark, swordfish, and king mackerel.
2. Use products that do not contain mercury, such as thermometers, fluorescent light bulbs, and battery-powered devices.
3. Properly dispose of mercury-containing products, such as thermometers and batteries.
4. Work in a well-ventilated area when using mercury or mercury-containing products.
5. Avoid eating foods that may contain high levels of mercury, such as shellfish, especially for pregnant women and children.
6. Use alternative products that are free from mercury, such as digital thermometers instead of mercury-in-glass thermometers.
7. Avoid using mercury-containing products in the home, such as mercury-containing thermostats and thermometers.
8. Properly maintain and dispose of any mercury-containing appliances, such as refrigerators and air conditioners.
9. Avoid burning mercury or mercury-containing products, as this can release mercury vapors into the air.
10. Keep the home clean and well-ventilated to reduce the risk of mercury exposure from dust and particles.
Conclusion
----------
Mercury poisoning is a serious health condition that can have long-lasting effects on the body. It is important to be aware of the sources of mercury exposure and take steps to prevent it, such as reducing consumption of fish with high levels of mercury, using products that do not contain mercury, and properly maintaining and disposing of mercury-containing appliances. By taking these precautions, you can reduce the risk of mercury poisoning and protect your health.
1. Asbestosis: a lung disease caused by inhaling asbestos fibers.
2. Carpal tunnel syndrome: a nerve disorder caused by repetitive motion and pressure on the wrist.
3. Mesothelioma: a type of cancer caused by exposure to asbestos.
4. Pneumoconiosis: a lung disease caused by inhaling dust from mining or other heavy industries.
5. Repetitive strain injuries: injuries caused by repetitive motions, such as typing or using vibrating tools.
6. Skin conditions: such as skin irritation and dermatitis caused by exposure to chemicals or other substances in the workplace.
7. Hearing loss: caused by loud noises in the workplace.
8. Back injuries: caused by lifting, bending, or twisting.
9. Respiratory problems: such as asthma and other breathing difficulties caused by exposure to chemicals or dust in the workplace.
10. Cancer: caused by exposure to carcinogens such as radiation, certain chemicals, or heavy metals in the workplace.
Occupational diseases can be difficult to diagnose and treat, as they often develop gradually over time and may not be immediately attributed to the work environment. In some cases, these diseases may not appear until years after exposure has ended. It is important for workers to be aware of the potential health risks associated with their job and take steps to protect themselves, such as wearing protective gear, following safety protocols, and seeking regular medical check-ups. Employers also have a responsibility to provide a safe work environment and follow strict regulations to prevent the spread of occupational diseases.
Examples of communicable diseases include:
1. Influenza (the flu)
2. Measles
3. Tuberculosis (TB)
4. HIV/AIDS
5. Malaria
6. Hepatitis B and C
7. Chickenpox
8. Whooping cough (pertussis)
9. Meningitis
10. Pneumonia
Communicable diseases can be spread through various means, including:
1. Direct contact with an infected person: This includes touching, hugging, shaking hands, or sharing food and drinks with someone who is infected.
2. Indirect contact with contaminated surfaces or objects: Pathogens can survive on surfaces for a period of time and can be transmitted to people who come into contact with those surfaces.
3. Airborne transmission: Some diseases, such as the flu and TB, can be spread through the air when an infected person talks, coughs, or sneezes.
4. Infected insect or animal bites: Diseases such as malaria and Lyme disease can be spread through the bites of infected mosquitoes or ticks.
Prevention and control of communicable diseases are essential to protect public health. This includes:
1. Vaccination: Vaccines can prevent many communicable diseases, such as measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR), and influenza.
2. Personal hygiene: Frequent handwashing, covering the mouth when coughing or sneezing, and avoiding close contact with people who are sick can help prevent the spread of diseases.
3. Improved sanitation and clean water: Proper disposal of human waste and adequate water treatment can reduce the risk of disease transmission.
4. Screening and testing: Identifying and isolating infected individuals can help prevent the spread of disease.
5. Antibiotics and antiviral medications: These drugs can treat and prevent some communicable diseases, such as bacterial infections and viral infections like HIV.
6. Public education: Educating the public about the risks and prevention of communicable diseases can help reduce the spread of disease.
7. Contact tracing: Identifying and monitoring individuals who have been in close contact with someone who has a communicable disease can help prevent further transmission.
8. Quarantine and isolation: Quarantine and isolation measures can be used to control outbreaks by separating infected individuals from those who are not infected.
9. Improved healthcare infrastructure: Adequate healthcare facilities, such as hospitals and clinics, can help diagnose and treat communicable diseases early on, reducing the risk of transmission.
10. International collaboration: Collaboration between countries and global organizations is crucial for preventing and controlling the spread of communicable diseases that are a threat to public health worldwide, such as pandemic flu and SARS.
The symptoms of arsenic poisoning can vary depending on the amount and duration of exposure, as well as the individual's age and overall health. Some common symptoms include:
* Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea
* Abdominal pain and cramping
* Headaches and dizziness
* Skin changes such as numbness or discoloration
* Respiratory problems such as coughing and shortness of breath
If left untreated, arsenic poisoning can lead to more severe health effects, including:
* Damage to the liver, kidneys and bladder
* Increased risk of cancer
* Death
The treatment for arsenic poisoning typically involves removing the source of exposure, providing supportive care to manage symptoms and using medications to remove arsenic from the body. Chelation therapy may also be used to remove heavy metals from the body. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required to monitor and treat complications.
Prevention is key in avoiding arsenic poisoning. This can include reducing exposure to arsenic-containing products, testing well water for arsenic and taking steps to reduce exposure in areas where arsenic is present in the environment. If you suspect you or someone else has been exposed to arsenic, it is important to seek medical attention immediately.
In summary, Arsenic Poisoning can be a serious health hazard, but with prompt and appropriate treatment, it can be effectively managed. Prevention through reducing exposure and testing for arsenic is also crucial in avoiding this condition.
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Asthma E-Book - Children's Environmental Health Network
Environmental Health | Normandale Community College
Coal-Tar-Based Pavement Sealcoat, PAHs, and Environmental Health | U.S. Geological Survey
Environmental Health Education | Government of Bermuda
bowls Archives - Center for Environmental Health
Air Quality: Environmental Indicators, Monitoring and Health Implications - Nova Science Publishers
Environmental Health and Safety Office - Truckee Meadows Community College
Gale eBooks | Environmental Health in the 21st Century: From Air Pollution to Zoonotic Diseases
Stettler Community Health Centre - Environmental Public Health - Drinking Water | Alberta Health Services
Hazards7
- CDC's National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH) plans, directs, and coordinates a program to protect the American people from environmental hazards. (cdc.gov)
- We are especially committed to safeguarding the health of people who are at increased/higher risk-such as people from racial and ethnic minority groups, people with lower socioeconomic status, children, the elderly, and people with disabilities - from environmental hazards. (cdc.gov)
- Working with our U.S. Department of Justice partners, the U.S. Attorney's Office seeks to secure environmental justice for all communities, to ensure that everyone enjoys the same degree of protection from environmental and health hazards and equal access to a healthy environment in which to live, learn, play and work. (justice.gov)
- Emphasis on environmental factors involved in transmission of communicable diseases and hazards due to exposure to chemical and physical materials in our environment. (washington.edu)
- Another reason to worry about climate change: Expanding areas of arid land, air pollution, and greater exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation all present potential health hazards to your eyes, according to Sheila West, Ph.D., vice chair for research at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University. (nih.gov)
- In October, West discussed these hazards at a symposium on the health consequences of climate change. (nih.gov)
- Environmental health inequalities refer to health hazards disproportionately or unfairly distributed among the most vulnerable social groups, which are generally the most discriminated, poor populations and minorities affected by environmental risks. (nih.gov)
20161
- 2016)‎. Environmental health. (who.int)
NIEHS17
- NIEHS is committed to conducting the most rigorous research in environmental health sciences, and to communicating the results of this research to the public. (nih.gov)
- NIEHS research uses state-of-the-art science and technology to investigate the interplay between environmental exposures, human biology, genetics, and common diseases to help prevent disease and improve human health. (nih.gov)
- NIEHS offers a broad range of job opportunities, career enhancement programs, and research training grants and programs in environmental health sciences and administration. (nih.gov)
- Download or play NIEHS Health Chat's with a wide range of experts and topics. (nih.gov)
- Find out about the exciting discoveries being made by NIEHS and NIEHS-supported researchers that are helping to improve health and save lives. (nih.gov)
- The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) is expanding and accelerating its contributions to scientific knowledge of human health and the environment, and to the health and well-being of people everywhere. (nih.gov)
- Discover information about the scientific, policy, training and outreach efforts and activities at NIEHS to better understand the impact your environment has on your health. (nih.gov)
- NIEHS seeks to invest in the future of environmental health science by increasing awareness of the link between the environment and human health. (nih.gov)
- The vision of NIEHS is to use environmental health sciences to understand human disease and improve human health. (nih.gov)
- The mission of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) is to reduce the burden of human illness and dysfunction from environmental causes by further understanding each of these elements and how they interrelate. (nih.gov)
- The ultimate goal of the NIEHS activities is to define and understand the mechanism of action of environmental agents on human health and to transfer this knowledge to the public benefit. (nih.gov)
- The NIEHS is playing an increasingly important role in numerous public health issues because of the desire of the public to understand the effects and risks to human health from exposure to physical and chemical agents. (nih.gov)
- In the fall of 1992 the NIEHS established a priority to develop an environmental health sciences education program at the K-12 levels. (nih.gov)
- At a minimum, applications must include one active researcher in an environmental health science area relevant to the mission of the NIEHS, a technical writer with demonstrated expertise in the development of education materials, and an educator with demonstrated expertise in curriculum development/implementation. (nih.gov)
- The fourth annual NIEHS Global Environmental Health Day (GEH Day) attracted more than 1,000 registrants from around the world. (nih.gov)
- The July 1 virtual event doubled as that month's NIEHS Global Environmental Health Program webinar on climate, environment, and health. (nih.gov)
- Several NIEHS grant recipients spoke about connections between climate change and human health outcomes. (nih.gov)
Exposure6
- ATSDR protects communities from harmful health effects related to exposure to natural and man-made hazardous substances. (cdc.gov)
- Environmental trigger Long-term exposure to a toxin produced by blue-green algal blooms can trigger tangles in the brains of animals similar to those seen in the brains of humans with Alzheimer's disease and other neurological conditions, a study has found. (abc.net.au)
- The kits include information about specific types of exposures to hazardous substances, exposure routes and pathways, health effects, treatment options, and how to prevent and minimize exposures. (cdc.gov)
- Covers basic principles and core concepts from toxicology, epidemiology, exposure assessment, risk assessment and risk management through a case-based approach that focuses on a selection of representative toxicants of current public health relevance. (washington.edu)
- Topics Three topics were addressed in the 1991 NHIS Environmental Health Questionnaire- 1) exposure to household smoke, 2) testing for lead content of paint in homes built before 1950 and 3) testing air in homes for Radon. (cdc.gov)
- She collaborates with community-based organizations, public health officials, and others to examine pollution levels and heat exposure. (nih.gov)
Impacts2
Exposures2
- Lynn Goldman, a pediatrician and epidemiologist, has spent her professional life trying to understand and alleviate threats from environmental sources, including the impact of chemical exposures on children. (islandpress.org)
- Environmental exposures and women's health / ORWH. (nih.gov)
Pollution3
- Industrial pollution is putting the health of 125 million people at risk worldwide, according to a new report. (abc.net.au)
- They range from the continuing health toll exacted by air pollution, to the threat posed by endocrine disrupting chemicals found in everyday products. (islandpress.org)
- Yet land use change, over-exploitation, pollution and climate change all threaten the health of soils. (enn.com)
Occupational5
- We promote a healthy environment and prevent premature death, avoidable illness and disability caused by non-infectious, non-occupational environmental and related factors. (cdc.gov)
- We provide a comprehensive portfolio of solutions and services to facilitate employee learning, simplify compliance reporting, facilitate occupational health programs and create a safety-focused culture and workplace setting - including managing incidents and minimizing operational risk. (ul.com)
- Invest in a culture of occupational health and safety by actively minimizing risks to your people. (nsf.org)
- The UAB Department of Environmental Health and Safety can test air and water for levels of substances regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) or the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). (uab.edu)
- The International Training and Research In Environmental and Occupational Health (ITREOH) program trained foreign health scientists, clinicians, epidemiologists, toxicologists, engineers, industrial hygienists, chemists and allied health workers from developing countries and emerging democracies in both general environmental health and occupational health. (nih.gov)
Centers1
- Atlantic Health System was recognized in the Healthy & Sustainable Businesses category with the Murphy administration highlighting its achievements in reducing the carbon footprints of its medical centers, implementing aggressive changes in high-waste areas such as ORs and finding new ways to reduce waste and reuse common medical materials. (atlantichealth.org)
Epidemiology1
- In this Special Issue of the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH), "Addressing Environmental Health Inequalities-Proceedings from the ISEE Conference 2015", we incorporate nine papers that were presented at the 27th Conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology (ISEE), held in Sao Paulo, Brazil, in 2015. (nih.gov)
Assessment2
- The main objectives of the National Laboratory Capacity Assessment were to count and characterize the public health, environmental, and agricultural laboratory workforce, measure laboratory program area capacity, and assess worker recruitment, retention, and retirement plans. (cdc.gov)
- This guide will help you use the Environmental Health Assessment Form for Disaster Shelters. (cdc.gov)
Global Environmental Change1
- The theme of this year's meeting was Science at the Cutting Edge of Global Environmental Change and Health. (nih.gov)
ATSDR2
- Hear firsthand from communities, tribal nations, pediatric environmental health volunteers, and community outreach partners about how they have collaborated with ATSDR. (cdc.gov)
- The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) , based in Atlanta, Georgia, is a federal public health agency of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services . (cdc.gov)
Environ Health1
- Environ Health. (nih.gov)
Outlined the health risks1
- and in January, 2009 EHAP released a health consultation report that outlined the health risks associated with drinking, breathing, and coming into contact with VOCs in the Lebanon groundwater contamination area. (oregon.gov)
Programme1
- The Environmental Health Programme would like to ensure the public's awareness of handouts, talks, workshops and other resources available for various business and private environmental health concerns. (www.gov.bm)
Chemicals5
- Some chemicals can harm your health if too much gets into your body. (nih.gov)
- Introduces core concepts of sustainability (for health sciences students) and public health (for environmental studies students) and explores the intersections of health and sustainability in specific domains including energy, transportation, the built environment, food systems, and chemicals. (washington.edu)
- Examines the basic principles of toxicology and the effects of chemicals on human health. (washington.edu)
- Until the broken GRAS system is fixed, FDA will continue to be hamstrung in preventing health risks posed by chemicals of unknown safety. (edf.org)
- Amphibians' thin skins help them drink and breathe, but also make them susceptible to environmental contaminants, particularly agricultural, industrial, and pharmaceutical chemicals. (amphibianark.org)
Sciences Center1
- Cait Fallone, M.A. , is a medical anthropologist and Program Manager of the Community Engagement Core in the Environmental Health Sciences Center at the University of Rochester Medical Center. (nih.gov)
Toxicology1
- Designed to help first-year undergraduate students develop the study skills necessary for success through an exploration of the environmental health sciences and toxicology. (washington.edu)
National Instit6
- MedlinePlus links to health information from the National Institutes of Health and other federal government agencies. (nih.gov)
- National Institutes of Health, DHHS 31 Center Drive, Rm. (nih.gov)
- National Institutes of Health, DHHS 45 Center Drive, Rm. (nih.gov)
- National Institutes of Health, DHHS 6001 Executive Blvd. Rm. (nih.gov)
- National Institutes of Health, DHHS 8600 Rockville Pike, Bldg. 38, Rm. (nih.gov)
- National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Office of Research on Women's Health. (nih.gov)
Public's1
- Explores how the perspective of filmmakers and documentaries can influence the public's interpretation of environmental health issues, and examines the science and cultural norms that support both sides of the argument. (washington.edu)
Threats2
- But cold air can also pose threats to your health, whether you're indoors or outside. (nih.gov)
- One thing is certain, says Goldman: Without bipartisan political support, urgently needed legislative action to deal with 21st century environmental health threats will never come to pass. (islandpress.org)
Climate6
- Students will be introduced to these changes and their consequences for human health and well-being, with a focus on climate change and its consequences. (washington.edu)
- Healthy soils support a range of environmental and societal benefits, including food production, climate change mitigation, clean water supply and biodiversity. (enn.com)
- Atlantic Health System recently received the New Jersey Governor's Environmental Excellence Award and was named among the organizations and individuals that have moved the state forward on significant issues, including climate change, recycling, clean drinking water, and environmental justice. (atlantichealth.org)
- Howard Frumkin, M.D., Dr.P.H. , professor emeritus at the University of Washington, opened his keynote talk with a nod to the twin crises in climate and public health. (nih.gov)
- Kristie Ebi, Ph.D. , from the University of Washington, gave the second keynote address, emphasizing the importance of collaborating with health departments at local and national levels when preparing for and managing the health risks of climate change. (nih.gov)
- Ebi estimates the health risks of climate change, designs adaptation policies, and measures the benefits of mitigation efforts in the U.S. and abroad. (nih.gov)
Contaminants1
- The contaminants PCE and TCE were detected at levels in some domestic wells that is concerning to the public health division. (oregon.gov)
Organizations2
- UL Solutions' Environmental Health and Safety offerings empower organizations to protect worker well-being, reduce risk, improve productivity, enhance compliance and drive measurable business improvement. (ul.com)
- The Department of Environmental Health & Safety supports the entire campus and all organizations and programs associated with Cal Maritime. (csum.edu)
Questionnaire2
- This weight is the functional equivalent of the Annual Final Basic Weight found on the NHIS Person Record of the Basic Health and Demographic component of the survey (i.e the Core questionnaire). (cdc.gov)
- During April-August 2011, APHL sent a web-based questionnaire to 105 public health, environmental, and agricultural laboratory directors comprising all 50 state public health laboratories, 41 local public health laboratories, eight environmental laboratories, and six agricultural laboratories. (cdc.gov)
Protection Agency2
- Since that time, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) have sampled over 120 wells for volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including many domestic wells that serve as primary drinking water sources. (oregon.gov)
- In an interview with Yale Environment 360 , Goldman - a former assistant administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under President Bill Clinton - discusses the many challenges that remain. (islandpress.org)
Science7
- A resource for kids, parents, and teachers to find fun and educational materials related to health, science, and the environment we live in today. (nih.gov)
- Advancing environmental health sciences through implementation science. (nih.gov)
- Focuses on the relationship between the science and application of chemistry, and the conditions of life that affect everyone's health, particularly in the developed world. (washington.edu)
- In addition, because of the wide range of environmental health science and education issues to be addressed, only applications that include research scientists, technical writers, and educators will be considered. (nih.gov)
- Virtual Vaping Education Tools for High School Health and Science Teachers (760KB) - Lisa Hayward, Ph.D., and Dina Markowitz, Ph.D. (nih.gov)
- She has worked as a clinical research coordinator, informal science educator, and a Health and Sanitation coordinator for a global health non-profit. (nih.gov)
- Addressing environmental health inequalities is important for the transformation of our reality and for changing the actual development model towards more just, democratic, and sustainable societies driven by another form of relationship between nature, economy, science, and politics. (nih.gov)
Chemistry1
- Presents green chemistry in the context of social impact and public health. (washington.edu)
Stewardship1
- The EH&S Department supports the Cal Maritime mission and goals by applying a systematic approach to evaluating and assessing environmental protection, employee safety, and stewardship processes. (csum.edu)
Unsafe1
- Amphibians have been likened to canaries in the coal mine: just as miners used sensitive canaries to warn them of toxic gases in the mines, amphibians might be warning us of unsafe environmental conditions that could eventually seriously impact our health. (amphibianark.org)
Human8
- Information needs, approaches, and case studies in human health risk communication. (nih.gov)
- Each kit is designed for health educators to use in face-to-face sessions with community members to increase environmental health literacy by addressing the positive and/or negative impact that the environment has on human health. (cdc.gov)
- Inspired by purpose - to improve human and planet health - we help businesses do more. (nsf.org)
- Introduces concepts and tools that help students think critically about how environmental toxicants can impact human health. (washington.edu)
- Focuses on the intersection of human health and environmental sustainability. (washington.edu)
- We are truly honored to be recognized among the leaders in our communities who are working to make our state environmentally sustainable," said Nikki Sumpter , Senior Vice President, Chief Human Resources Officer for Atlantic Health System. (atlantichealth.org)
- Coal-tar-based pavement sealcoat is a potent source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination in urban and suburban areas and a potential concern for human health and aquatic life. (usgs.gov)
- We need to balance the human needs for clean energy and flood control with the ecological and health risks of dams. (nih.gov)
Scientists2
- Learn more about what scientists at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences are doing to make sure you have a healthy environment to grow up in. (nih.gov)
- Emphasizes the roles of environmental scientists and related professionals. (washington.edu)
Education5
- These online video, Web-streamed presentations can also be used face-to-face education with community groups to increase environmental health literacy. (cdc.gov)
- For additional information about Environmental Health Education, please email [email protected] . (cdc.gov)
- The objective of this program is to improve the understanding of environmental health issues by all students and to expand career awareness for those interested in pursuing further education leading to research and service occupations in environmental health sciences. (nih.gov)
- This RFA, Environmental Health Sciences Education, is related to the priority area of environmental health. (nih.gov)
- Remote and Hands-on: Informal Environmental Health Education in a Socially-distanced World (3MB) - Cait Fallone, M.A. (nih.gov)
Priority3
- Protecting the health and wellness of employees and customers is a priority for companies as they maintain occupancy levels and drive growth after a crisis. (ul.com)
- HEALTHY PEOPLE 2000 The Public Health Service (PHS) is committed to achieving the health promotion and disease prevention objectives of "Healthy People 2000," a PHS-led national activity for setting priority areas. (nih.gov)
- Other estimated themes were: limited effects of non-leisure physical activity on mental health, lower priority on physical activity rather than sleep and rest, reluctance to share the data within the groups, and difficulties in wearing the devices to measure physical activity due to work rules. (go.jp)
Environment5
- Follow @CDCEnvironment on Twitter for info, tips, and news you can use about ways your environment and your health are connected! (cdc.gov)
- Our environment affects our health. (nih.gov)
- If parts of the environment, like the air , water , or soil become polluted, it can lead to health problems. (nih.gov)
- Examines current events to illustrate and better appreciate the relationship between environment and health and to explore whether an environmental condition is or is not an important threat to health. (washington.edu)
- Relationship of people to their environment, how it affects their physical well-being and what they can do to influence the quality of the environment and to enhance the protection of their health. (washington.edu)
Mechanism2
- Therefore, there is a critical need to develop a mechanism for educating the general public about environmental health issues. (nih.gov)
- The R21 mechanism is intended to encourage new exploratory and developmental research projects, and applications submitted to this FOA would be expected to conduct innovative research that will lay the foundation for improved population studies concerning the effect of environmental agents on health. (nih.gov)
Workforce4
- UL Solutions Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) supports companies in their drive to improve workforce health and safety. (ul.com)
- In 2011, the University of Michigan's Center of Excellence in Public Health Workforce Studies and the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) assessed the workforce and program capacity in U.S. public health, environmental, and agricultural laboratories ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
- Nearly 50% of laboratories anticipated that more than 15% of their workforce would retire, resign, or be released within 5 years, lower than the anticipated retirement eligibility rate of 27% projected for state public health workers ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
- However, APHL and partners in local, state, and federal public health should collaborate to address gaps in laboratory capacity and rebuild the workforce pipeline to ensure an adequate future supply of public health laboratorians. (cdc.gov)
Disease2
- Information obtained about Radon testing is available on the 1991 Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Public Use Tape. (cdc.gov)
- Although it has been known for a long time that health and disease are socially determined, only recently has this idea been incorporated into the conceptual and practical framework for the formulation of policies and strategies regarding health. (nih.gov)
Hazardous substances2
- Community Environmental Health Instructional Presentation Kits Community Environmental Health Instructional Presentation Kits are 20-minute instructional presentations with learner support materials on hazardous substances and other environmental health related topics developed for general use. (cdc.gov)
- Community Environmental Health Web Stream Presentations Community Environmental Health Web Stream Presentations are 20-minute presentations on hazardous substances developed for a general audience. (cdc.gov)
Harmful1
- Rust is not harmful to health, but may make the water look and taste unappetizing. (uab.edu)
Humans1
- Humans are the primary drivers of global environmental changes that are changing the planet on the scale of geological forces. (washington.edu)
Organization1
- World Health Organization. (who.int)
Consequences1
- Introduces students to the public health and environmental health consequences of common domestic disasters, and the role of public health agencies and practitioners. (washington.edu)
Public7
- Int J Environ Res Public Health. (nih.gov)
- Students will describe and evaluate the public health community's role in preparing for and responding to disasters through case studies, discussions, debates, course lectures and readings. (washington.edu)
- Students in the Environmental Public Health major's Water and Wastewater course observe a filter backwash cycle while visiting the Eau Claire drinking water treatment facility. (uwec.edu)
- Fixing GRAS is an important step to rebuild consumer confidence and reduce the ongoing risk to public health. (edf.org)
- The director of the state public health, environmental, or agricultural laboratory was the designated key informant. (cdc.gov)
- We're delighted to be able to bring GEH Day to a wider, global audience," added John Balbus, M.D., the institute's senior advisor for public health. (nih.gov)
- Dr. Ebi's talk emphasized practical approaches to changing the status quo in public health ministries around the world," he said. (nih.gov)
Abstract1
- DSN: CC37.NHIS91.ENVRHLTH ABSTRACT Coverage An Environmental Health record exists for every person in the NHIS 1991 completed basic (core) interview sample, regardless of age. (cdc.gov)
Physical2
Safety1
- From quality, environmental, and health and safety management systems to auditing and verification/validation, our comprehensive programs provide a total solution to add value and improve and protect your business. (nsf.org)
Improve3
- Flip each card below for checklists on how to improve your health in different areas. (nih.gov)
- But the warmer weather also brings lots of new opportunities to improve your health. (nih.gov)
- A new free web tool to help land managers monitor and improve the health of soil in common habitats in Britain is now available. (enn.com)