AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
EnterovirusEnterovirus InfectionsEnterovirus A, HumanEnterovirus B, HumanEnteroviruses, PorcineHand, Foot and Mouth DiseaseEnterovirus D, HumanEnterovirus, BovineEchovirus InfectionsMeningitis, AsepticPoliovirusHerpanginaMeningitis, ViralCoxsackievirus InfectionsSewageVirus CultivationEchovirus 9RNA, ViralCapsid ProteinsRhinovirusPicornaviridaePicornaviridae InfectionsPhylogenyWater MicrobiologyEchovirus 6, HumanVirologyEncephalitis, ViralMolecular Sequence Data5' Untranslated RegionsParalysisSerotypingGenome, ViralCerebrospinal FluidSequence Analysis, DNAWater PollutionVirusesPoliomyelitisParechovirusFecesDisease OutbreaksConjunctivitis, Acute HemorrhagicReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionConjunctivitisAntibodies, ViralPolymerase Chain ReactionNeutralization TestsShellfishCytopathogenic Effect, ViralMyocarditisCentral Nervous System Viral DiseasesFiltrationAntigens, CD55Virus DiseasesHepatitis A virusCapsidCercopithecus aethiopsViral ProteinsViral Structural ProteinsBase SequenceMolecular EpidemiologyViral Plaque AssayIon Exchange ResinsWaste Disposal, FluidSensitivity and Specificity
Enterovirus: A genus of the family PICORNAVIRIDAE whose members preferentially inhabit the intestinal tract of a variety of hosts. The genus contains many species. Newly described members of human enteroviruses are assigned continuous numbers with the species designated "human enterovirus".Enterovirus InfectionsEnterovirus A, Human: A species of ENTEROVIRUS infecting humans and containing 10 serotypes, mostly coxsackieviruses.Enterovirus B, Human: A species of ENTEROVIRUS infecting humans and containing 36 serotypes. It is comprised of all the echoviruses and a few coxsackieviruses, including all of those previously named coxsackievirus B.Enteroviruses, Porcine: Species of ENTEROVIRUS causing mild to severe neurological diseases among pigs especially in Eastern Europe. Mild strains are also present in Canada, U.S., and Australia. Specific species include Porcine enterovirus A and Porcine enterovirus B.Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease: A mild, highly infectious viral disease of children, characterized by vesicular lesions in the mouth and on the hands and feet. It is caused by coxsackieviruses A.Enterovirus D, Human: A species of ENTEROVIRUS infecting humans and consisting of 2 serotypes: Human enterovirus 68 and Human enterovirus 70.Enterovirus, Bovine: A species in the family ENTEROVIRUS infecting cattle.Echovirus Infections: Infectious disease processes, including meningitis, diarrhea, and respiratory disorders, caused by echoviruses.Meningitis, Aseptic: A syndrome characterized by headache, neck stiffness, low grade fever, and CSF lymphocytic pleocytosis in the absence of an acute bacterial pathogen. Viral meningitis is the most frequent cause although MYCOPLASMA INFECTIONS; RICKETTSIA INFECTIONS; diagnostic or therapeutic procedures; NEOPLASTIC PROCESSES; septic perimeningeal foci; and other conditions may result in this syndrome. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p745)Poliovirus: A species of ENTEROVIRUS which is the causal agent of POLIOMYELITIS in humans. Three serotypes (strains) exist. Transmission is by the fecal-oral route, pharyngeal secretions, or mechanical vector (flies). Vaccines with both inactivated and live attenuated virus have proven effective in immunizing against the infection.HerpanginaMeningitis, Viral: Viral infections of the leptomeninges and subarachnoid space. TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; RUBELLA; BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORBIVIRUS infections; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; RHABDOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HERPESVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; JC VIRUS infections; and RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS may cause this form of meningitis. Clinical manifestations include fever, headache, neck pain, vomiting, PHOTOPHOBIA, and signs of meningeal irritation. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp1-3)Coxsackievirus Infections: A heterogeneous group of infections produced by coxsackieviruses, including HERPANGINA, aseptic meningitis (MENINGITIS, ASEPTIC), a common-cold-like syndrome, a non-paralytic poliomyelitis-like syndrome, epidemic pleurodynia (PLEURODYNIA, EPIDEMIC) and a serious MYOCARDITIS.Sewage: Refuse liquid or waste matter carried off by sewers.Virus Cultivation: Process of growing viruses in live animals, plants, or cultured cells.Echovirus 9: A species of ENTEROVIRUS associated with outbreaks of aseptic meningitis (MENINGITIS, ASEPTIC).RNA, Viral: Ribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.Capsid Proteins: Proteins that form the CAPSID of VIRUSES.Rhinovirus: A genus of PICORNAVIRIDAE inhabiting primarily the respiratory tract of mammalian hosts. It includes over 100 human serotypes associated with the COMMON COLD.Picornaviridae: A family of small RNA viruses comprising some important pathogens of humans and animals. Transmission usually occurs mechanically. There are nine genera: APHTHOVIRUS; CARDIOVIRUS; ENTEROVIRUS; ERBOVIRUS; HEPATOVIRUS; KOBUVIRUS; PARECHOVIRUS; RHINOVIRUS; and TESCHOVIRUS.Picornaviridae Infections: Virus diseases caused by the PICORNAVIRIDAE.Phylogeny: The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.Water Microbiology: The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in water. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms.Echovirus 6, Human: A species of ENTEROVIRUS that has caused outbreaks of aseptic meningitis in children and adults.Virology: The study of the structure, growth, function, genetics, and reproduction of viruses, and VIRUS DISEASES.Encephalitis, Viral: Inflammation of brain parenchymal tissue as a result of viral infection. Encephalitis may occur as primary or secondary manifestation of TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HERPESVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PARAMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; and ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS.Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.5' Untranslated Regions: The sequence at the 5' end of the messenger RNA that does not code for product. This sequence contains the ribosome binding site and other transcription and translation regulating sequences.Paralysis: A general term most often used to describe severe or complete loss of muscle strength due to motor system disease from the level of the cerebral cortex to the muscle fiber. This term may also occasionally refer to a loss of sensory function. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p45)Serotyping: Process of determining and distinguishing species of bacteria or viruses based on antigens they share.Genome, Viral: The complete genetic complement contained in a DNA or RNA molecule in a virus.Cerebrospinal Fluid: A watery fluid that is continuously produced in the CHOROID PLEXUS and circulates around the surface of the BRAIN; SPINAL CORD; and in the CEREBRAL VENTRICLES.Sequence Analysis, DNA: A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.Water Pollution: Contamination of bodies of water (such as LAKES; RIVERS; SEAS; and GROUNDWATER.)Viruses: Minute infectious agents whose genomes are composed of DNA or RNA, but not both. They are characterized by a lack of independent metabolism and the inability to replicate outside living host cells.Poliomyelitis: An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus (POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis, coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5)Parechovirus: A genus in the family PICORNAVIRIDAE infecting humans and rodents. The type species is Human parechovirus.Feces: Excrement from the INTESTINES, containing unabsorbed solids, waste products, secretions, and BACTERIA of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.Disease Outbreaks: Sudden increase in the incidence of a disease. The concept includes EPIDEMICS and PANDEMICS.Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic: A highly contagious disease characterized by subconjunctival hemorrhage, sudden swelling of the eyelids and congestion, redness, and pain in the eye. Epidemic conjunctivitis caused by Enterovirus 70 (EV-70) was first described in Africa in 1969. It is caused also by Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CA24v). Epidemics by this organism have appeared most frequently in Asia.Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction: A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.ConjunctivitisAntibodies, Viral: Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.Polymerase Chain Reaction: In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.Neutralization Tests: The measurement of infection-blocking titer of ANTISERA by testing a series of dilutions for a given virus-antiserum interaction end-point, which is generally the dilution at which tissue cultures inoculated with the serum-virus mixtures demonstrate cytopathology (CPE) or the dilution at which 50% of test animals injected with serum-virus mixtures show infectivity (ID50) or die (LD50).Shellfish: Aquatic invertebrates belonging to the phylum MOLLUSCA or the subphylum CRUSTACEA, and used as food.Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral: Visible morphologic changes in cells infected with viruses. It includes shutdown of cellular RNA and protein synthesis, cell fusion, release of lysosomal enzymes, changes in cell membrane permeability, diffuse changes in intracellular structures, presence of viral inclusion bodies, and chromosomal aberrations. It excludes malignant transformation, which is CELL TRANSFORMATION, VIRAL. Viral cytopathogenic effects provide a valuable method for identifying and classifying the infecting viruses.Myocarditis: Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the cardiac muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Manifestations range from subclinical to sudden death (DEATH, SUDDEN). Myocarditis in association with cardiac dysfunction is classified as inflammatory CARDIOMYOPATHY usually caused by INFECTION, autoimmune diseases, or responses to toxic substances. Myocarditis is also a common cause of DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY and other cardiomyopathies.Central Nervous System Viral Diseases: Viral infections of the brain, spinal cord, meninges, or perimeningeal spaces.Filtration: A process of separating particulate matter from a fluid, such as air or a liquid, by passing the fluid carrier through a medium that will not pass the particulates. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Antigens, CD55: GPI-linked membrane proteins broadly distributed among hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells. CD55 prevents the assembly of C3 CONVERTASE or accelerates the disassembly of preformed convertase, thus blocking the formation of the membrane attack complex.Virus Diseases: A general term for diseases produced by viruses.Hepatitis A virus: A species in the genus HEPATOVIRUS containing one serotype and two strains: HUMAN HEPATITIS A VIRUS and Simian hepatitis A virus causing hepatitis in humans (HEPATITIS A) and primates, respectively.Capsid: The outer protein protective shell of a virus, which protects the viral nucleic acid.Cercopithecus aethiops: A species of CERCOPITHECUS containing three subspecies: C. tantalus, C. pygerythrus, and C. sabeus. They are found in the forests and savannah of Africa. The African green monkey (C. pygerythrus) is the natural host of SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS and is used in AIDS research.Viral Proteins: Proteins found in any species of virus.Viral Structural Proteins: Viral proteins that are components of the mature assembled VIRUS PARTICLES. They may include nucleocapsid core proteins (gag proteins), enzymes packaged within the virus particle (pol proteins), and membrane components (env proteins). These do not include the proteins encoded in the VIRAL GENOME that are produced in infected cells but which are not packaged in the mature virus particle,i.e. the so called non-structural proteins (VIRAL NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEINS).Base Sequence: The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.Molecular Epidemiology: The application of molecular biology to the answering of epidemiological questions. The examination of patterns of changes in DNA to implicate particular carcinogens and the use of molecular markers to predict which individuals are at highest risk for a disease are common examples.Viral Plaque Assay: Method for measuring viral infectivity and multiplication in CULTURED CELLS. Clear lysed areas or plaques develop as the VIRAL PARTICLES are released from the infected cells during incubation. With some VIRUSES, the cells are killed by a cytopathic effect; with others, the infected cells are not killed but can be detected by their hemadsorptive ability. Sometimes the plaque cells contain VIRAL ANTIGENS which can be measured by IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE.Ion Exchange Resins: High molecular weight, insoluble polymers which contain functional groups that are capable of undergoing exchange reactions (ION EXCHANGE) with either cations or anions.Waste Disposal, Fluid: The discarding or destroying of liquid waste products or their transformation into something useful or innocuous.Sensitivity and Specificity: Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

Enteroviral RNA replication in the myocardium of patients with left ventricular dysfunction and clinically suspected myocarditis. (1/1211)

BACKGROUND: Previous studies dealing with the detection of enteroviral RNA in human endomyocardial biopsies have not differentiated between latent persistence of the enteroviral genome and active viral replication. Enteroviruses that are considered important factors for the development of myocarditis have a single-strand RNA genome of positive polarity that is transcribed by a virus-encoded RNA polymerase into a minus-strand mRNA during active viral replication. The synthesis of multiple copies of minus-strand enteroviral RNA therefore occurs only at sites of active viral replication but not in tissues with mere persistence of the viral genome. METHODS AND RESULTS: We investigated enteroviral RNA replication versus enteroviral RNA persistence in endomyocardial biopsies of 45 patients with left ventricular dysfunction and clinically suspected myocarditis. Using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in conjunction with Southern blot hybridization, we established a highly sensitive assay to specifically detect plus-strand versus minus-strand enteroviral RNA in the biopsies. Plus-strand enteroviral RNA was detected in endomyocardial biopsies of 18 (40%) of 45 patients, whereas minus-strand RNA as an indication of active enteroviral RNA replication was detected in only 10 (56%) of these 18 plus-strand-positive patients. Enteroviral RNA was not found in biopsies of the control group (n=26). CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that a significant fraction of patients with left ventricular dysfunction and clinically suspected myocarditis had active enteroviral RNA replication in their myocardium (22%). Differentiation between patients with active viral replication and latent viral persistence should be particularly important in future studies evaluating different therapeutic strategies. In addition, molecular genetic detection of enteroviral genome and differentiation between replicating versus persistent viruses is possible in a single endomyocardial biopsy.  (+info)

T cells contribute to disease severity during coxsackievirus B4 infection. (2/1211)

By using a model of coxsackievirus B4-induced disease, the question of whether tissue damage is due to the virus or to immune-mediated mechanisms was addressed. Both viral replication and T-cell function were implicated in contributing to the severity of disease. Three stages (I to III) of disease, which correspond to periods of high viral titers, low viral titers, and no infectious virus, have been identified. Stage I disease is considered to be primarily the result of viral replication. Immunopathological mechanisms appear to contribute to the severity of stage II and III disease. To investigate the role of T cells in contributing to the severity of disease, viral infection in CD8 knockout (ko) mice and CD4 ko mice was analyzed. CD8 T-cell responses appear to be beneficial during early, viral disease but detrimental in later disease when viral titers are diminishing. CD4 ko mice, unlike the parental strain, survived infection. Viral replication was lower in the CD4 ko mice. Was survival due to decreased viral replication or to the lack of T-helper-cell function? To investigate further the role of T helper cells in contributing to tissue damage, viral infection in two additional ko strains (interleukin-4 [IL-4] ko and gamma interferon ko strains) was examined. A clear correlation between viral replication and the outcome of infection was not observed. The absence of IL-4, which may influence T-helper-cell subset development, was advantageous during early viral disease but deleterious in later disease. The results suggest that T-cell-mediated immunity is both beneficial and detrimental during coxsackievirus B4 infection.  (+info)

Detection of adenoviral genome in the myocardium of adult patients with idiopathic left ventricular dysfunction. (3/1211)

BACKGROUND: The use of molecular biological techniques has demonstrated the importance of enteroviral infection of the myocardium in the pathogenesis of myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy in adults and adenovirus and enterovirus infection in children. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of adenoviral infection of the myocardium of adults with impaired left ventricular function of unknown origin. METHODS AND RESULTS: Nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) was used to determine the frequency of detection of adenoviral DNA and enteroviral RNA in myocardial tissue samples from 94 adult patients with idiopathic left ventricular dysfunction and 14 control patients. Histological and immunohistological analyses were performed to detect myocardial inflammation. Adenoviral genomic DNA was detected by nPCR in 12 of the 94 patients with left ventricular dysfunction (in each case, adenovirus type 2), whereas enteroviral RNA was detected in another 12 patients. All control samples were negative for both viruses. In all patients, active myocarditis was excluded according to the Dallas criteria. However, there was significantly decreased CD2, CD3, and CD45RO T lymphocyte counts in the adenovirus-positive group compared with the adenovirus-negative group (P<0.05), whereas no differences were associated with enterovirus infection. CONCLUSIONS: Although enteroviruses are an important causative agent in the pathogenesis of myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy, this study shows that adenovirus infection is also important in the pathogenesis of left ventricular failure in adults. However, the pathogenetic basis of disease associated with adenovirus infection may be different than that after infection with other agents, particularly with respect to activation of the host immune response.  (+info)

Relationships between simian and human enteroviruses. (4/1211)

Partial sequences from two genomic regions of simian enteroviruses were analysed and their relatedness to other picornaviruses was compared. Of the 18 simian viruses included in the analysis, sequences were obtained from eleven strains for at least one genomic region. In the 5' non-coding region, SV6, SV19, SV26, SV35, SV43 and SV46 (simian viruses) and BA13 (baboon virus) clearly grouped together with human enteroviruses, whereas SV4, SV28 and SA4 (South African isolate) were more distantly related. In the 3D RNA polymerase-coding region, SV26, SV35, SV43 and SV46 could be clearly identified as enteroviruses and fell into the previously defined cluster A, which contains such human viruses as coxsackievirus A16 and enterovirus 71. However, although SV6 and BA13 were also enterovirus-like, they did not belong to any known genetic cluster of human enteroviruses. Moreover, while SV18 could be recognized as a picornavirus, it did not directly group with members of the genus Enterovirus.  (+info)

Pulmonary enterovirus infections in stem cell transplant recipients. (5/1211)

In recent years, it has been recognised that the community respiratory viruses are a frequent cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in immunocompromised hosts such as bone marrow transplant recipients. By contrast, infections by non-polio enteroviruses have rarely been reported after stem cell transplantation. We present four cases of acute respiratory illness with enterovirus isolated as the sole pathogen from bronchoalveolar lavage. All four patients developed pneumonia and three died of progressive pneumonia, which reflects the severity of this complication. We conclude that enteroviral pulmonary infections may be a cause of severe pneumonia in immunocompromised hosts.  (+info)

A double-selective tissue culture system for isolation of wild-type poliovirus from sewage applied in a long-term environmental surveillance. (6/1211)

We describe a simple, cost-efficient, double-selective method for isolation of wild-type poliovirus from sewage samples containing vaccine polioviruses and other enteroviruses, with a detection limit of 18 to 50 PFU per 1 to 2 liters of sewage. By this method we were able to process 1,700 sewage samples collected between 1991 and 1996, from which 10,472 plaques were isolated, 41 of them being identified as wild-type polioviruses.  (+info)

Basolateral localization of fiber receptors limits adenovirus infection from the apical surface of airway epithelia. (7/1211)

Recent identification of two receptors for the adenovirus fiber protein, coxsackie B and adenovirus type 2 and 5 receptor (CAR), and the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Class I alpha-2 domain allows the molecular basis of adenoviral infection to be investigated. Earlier work has shown that human airway epithelia are resistant to infection by adenovirus. Therefore, we examined the expression and localization of CAR and MHC Class I in an in vitro model of well differentiated, ciliated human airway epithelia. We found that airway epithelia express CAR and MHC Class I. However, neither receptor was present in the apical membrane; instead, both were polarized to the basolateral membrane. These findings explain the relative resistance to adenovirus infection from the apical surface. In contrast, when the virus was applied to the basolateral surface, gene transfer was much more efficient because of an interaction of adenovirus fiber with its receptors. In addition, when the integrity of the tight junctions was transiently disrupted, apically applied adenovirus gained access to the basolateral surface and enhanced gene transfer. These data suggest that the receptors required for efficient infection are not available on the apical surface, and interventions that allow access to the basolateral space where fiber receptors are located increase gene transfer efficiency.  (+info)

Typing of human enteroviruses by partial sequencing of VP1. (8/1211)

Human enteroviruses (family Picornaviridae) are the major cause of aseptic meningitis and also cause a wide range of other acute illnesses, including neonatal sepsis-like disease, acute flaccid paralysis, and acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis. The neutralization assay is usually used for enterovirus typing, but it is labor-intensive and time-consuming and standardized antisera are in limited supply. We have developed a molecular typing system based on reverse transcription-PCR and nucleotide sequencing of the 3' half of the genomic region encoding VP1. The standard PCR primers amplify approximately 450 bp of VP1 for most known human enterovirus serotypes. The serotype of an "unknown" may be inferred by comparison of the partial VP1 sequence to those in a database containing VP1 sequences for the prototype strains of all 66 human enterovirus serotypes. Fifty-one clinical isolates of known serotypes from the years 1991 to 1998 were amplified and sequenced, and the antigenic and molecular typing results agreed for all isolates. With one exception, the nucleotide sequences of homologous strains were at least 75% identical to one another (>88% amino acid identity). Strains with homologous serotypes were easily discriminated from those with heterologous serotypes by using these criteria for identification. This method can greatly reduce the time required to type an enterovirus isolate and can be used to type isolates that are difficult or impossible to type with standard immunological reagents. The technique may also be useful for the rapid determination of whether viruses isolated during an outbreak are epidemiologically related.  (+info)

Figure 1 - Accuracy of Diagnostic Methods and Surveillance Sensitivity for Human Enterovirus, South Korea, 1999-2011 - Volume...Figure 1 - Accuracy of Diagnostic Methods and Surveillance Sensitivity for Human Enterovirus, South Korea, 1999-2011 - Volume...
The epidemiology of enteroviral infection in South Korea during 1999-2011 chronicles nationwide outbreaks and changing detection and subtyping methods used over the 13-year period. Of 14,657 patients whose samples were tested, 4,762 (32.5%) samples were positive for human enterovirus (human EV); as diagnostic methods improved, the rate of positive results increased. A seasonal trend of outbreaks was documented. Genotypes enterovirus 71, echovirus 30, coxsackievirus B5, enterovirus 6, and coxsackievirus B2 were the most common genotypes identified. Accurate test results correlated clinical syndromes to enterovirus genotypes: aseptic meningitis to echovirus 30, enterovirus 6, and coxsackievirus B5; hand, foot and mouth disease to coxsackievirus A16; and hand, foot and mouth disease with neurologic complications to enterovirus 71. There are currently no treatments specific to human EV infections; surveillance of enterovirus infections such as this study provides may assist with evaluating the need to
Sabinet | Rapid identification and typing of enterovirus isolatesSabinet | Rapid identification and typing of enterovirus isolates
The use of the neutralisation assay in the serotyping of unknown enterovirus isolates has been successfully applied for years since its description by Lim and Benyesh-Melnick. However, the procedure is labour-intensive and time consuming. In addition, the continuous depletion of the Benyesh-Melnick sera makes it prohibitive for most diagnostic laboratories to continue using the assay. Owing to these factors, a majority of laboratories only type for the polioviruses and report any other enterovirus isolate as a nonpolio enterovirus. With this approach, however, important findings such as the isolation of a new enterovirus or association of a known enterovirus with a new clinical syndrome will remain unidentified. <br>In this study, a multiple-serum-pools approach similar to that described by Lim and Benyesh-Melnick (LBM) for the neutralisation test, was applied in an immunofluorescence (IMF) test for the rapid serotyping of enteroviruses. This test was able to type any unknown enterovirus
Enterovirus 71 Binding to PSGL-1 on Leukocytes: VP1-145 Acts as a Molecular Switch to Control Receptor Interaction | proLékaře...Enterovirus 71 Binding to PSGL-1 on Leukocytes: VP1-145 Acts as a Molecular Switch to Control Receptor Interaction | proLékaře...
1. Pallansch M, Roos R (2007) Enteroviruses: polioviruses, coxsackieviruses, echoviruses, and newer enteroviruses. In: Knipe DM, Howley PM, editors. Fields Virology. 5th edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 839-893.. 2. PlevkaP, PereraR, CardosaJ, KuhnRJ, RossmannMG (2012) Crystal structure of human enterovirus 71. Science 336: 1274.. 3. PlevkaP, PereraR, CardosaJ, KuhnRJ, RossmannMG (2012) Structure determination of enterovirus 71. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 68: 1217-1222.. 4. WangX, PengW, RenJ, HuZ, XuJ, et al. (2012) A sensor-adaptor mechanism for enterovirus uncoating from structures of EV71. Nat Struct Mol Biol 19: 424-429.. 5. AlexanderJPJr, BadenL, PallanschMA, AndersonLJ (1994) Enterovirus 71 infections and neurologic disease-United States, 1977-1991. J Infect Dis 169: 905-908.. 6. McMinnPC (2002) An overview of the evolution of enterovirus 71 and its clinical and public health significance. FEMS Microbiol Rev 26: 91-107.. 7. OoiMH, WongSC, LewthwaiteP, ...
enterovirus - Symptoms, Treatments and Resources for enterovirusenterovirus - Symptoms, Treatments and Resources for enterovirus
enterovirus - MedHelps enterovirus Center for Information, Symptoms, Resources, Treatments and Tools for enterovirus. Find enterovirus information, treatments for enterovirus and enterovirus symptoms.
Detection of Enterovirus RNA in Atheromatous Lesions - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govDetection of Enterovirus RNA in Atheromatous Lesions - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Objective: In order to complete these data and to answer clearly to the question of the role of persistent infection by enteroviruses in atherosclerosis, we propose this research program involving the Departments of Vascular Surgery of three University hospitals of the Rhône-Alpes region and of three laboratories of Virology interested by the relationship between chronic diseases and enterovirus infection... Methods: It is projected to include about one hundred voluntary adults exhibiting carotid atheromatous lesions requiring a surgical removal. Because of the difficulty to define a pertinent control group, each patient will be his/her own control. In addition to the fragment of pathologic carotid, it will be taken arterial and venous fragments from vessels that are never the seat of atherosclerosis lesions. To reach the best sensitivity, enterovirus RNA will be detected by nested RT-PCR.. Evaluation criteria: The main evaluation criterion will be the percentage of detection of enterovirus ...
Gentaur Molecular :bio-gentaur \ VIROLOGY Coxsackievirus Type B4 Culture Fluid \ GEN0810075CFGentaur Molecular :bio-gentaur \ VIROLOGY Coxsackievirus Type B4 Culture Fluid \ GEN0810075CF
Gentaur molecular products has all kinds of products like :search , bio-gentaur \ VIROLOGY Coxsackievirus Type B4 Culture Fluid \ GEN0810075CF for more molecular products just contact us
Gentaur Molecular :bio-gentaur \ Coxsackievirus Type B3 Lysate \ GEN0810074Gentaur Molecular :bio-gentaur \ Coxsackievirus Type B3 Lysate \ GEN0810074
Gentaur molecular products has all kinds of products like :search , bio-gentaur \ Coxsackievirus Type B3 Lysate \ GEN0810074 for more molecular products just contact us
Enteroviruses / Polioviruses | Hellenic Pasteur InstituteEnteroviruses / Polioviruses | Hellenic Pasteur Institute
The National Poliovirus Laboratory of Greece was established in 1995. It has been a member of the WHO network of national reference laboratories.It has been responsible for the virological confirmation of the eradication of poliomyelitis in Greece. It is mow over 10 years since the last case of poliomyelitis was detected in Greece. The laboratory results are reported monthly of WHO. The laboratory has been participating in the proficiency testing and laboratory accreditation organized annually by WHO.. Services. Poliovirus isolation and characterization from cases of acute flaccid paralysis. Enterovirus isolation and characterization form clinical specimens. Enterovirus detection by WHO proposed methodology and by molecular methods. Serology for enteroviruses. Isolation and characterization of enteroviruses from environmental samples.. Contact persons:. Andreas Mentis, [email protected] ...
Non-Polio Enterovirus Symptoms, Treatment & Contagious PeriodNon-Polio Enterovirus Symptoms, Treatment & Contagious Period
Enterovirus (EV-D68 and EV71) symptoms include runny nose, fever, cough, and sneezing. Get the facts on treatment and prevention of non-polio enteroviruses.
What you need to know about Coxsackie virus: the seven most important facts - The International Massmedia AgencyWhat you need to know about Coxsackie virus: the seven most important facts - The International Massmedia Agency
How it spreads. The virus is contagious and spreads through direct contact with saliva, mucus and even fecal matter from infected people. Quite often there are small epidemics of this virus in kindergartens and schools. Skin rash usually disappears by itself after a week, and in most cases need no treatment except symptomatic like paracetamol against fever. There are no vaccines however, infected persons are most contagious during the first week, and the possibility of transmission of virus persists for another few weeks. Can you get Coxsackie virus more than once. Yes, infection only results in the emergence of immunity to one specific type, but the Coxsackie virus, as mentioned above, is divided into three types. How to protect yourself from infection. One of the main and most effective methods of prevention of infection with Coxsackie virus is the observance of strict rules of hygiene. First and foremost, you must frequently wash their hands with soap and water especially after touching ...
Most recent papers with the keyword Co-infection | Read by QxMDMost recent papers with the keyword Co-infection | Read by QxMD
Human enteroviruses (EVs) are the most common causative agents infecting human, causing many harmful diseases, such as hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), herpangina (HA), myocarditis, encephalitis, and aseptic meningitis. EV-related diseases pose a serious worldwide threat to public health. To gain comprehensive insight into the seroepidemiology of major prevalent EVs in humans, we firstly performed a serological survey for neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), Coxsackie virus A16 (CV-A16), Coxsackie virus A6 (CV-A6), Coxsackie virus A10 (CV-A10), Coxsackie virus B3 (CV-B3), Coxsackie virus B5 (CV-B5), Echovirus 25 (ECHO25), and Echovirus 30 (ECHO30) among the healthy population in Xiamen City in 2016, using micro-neutralization assay ...
Acute Flaccid ParalysisAcute Flaccid Paralysis
RESULTS: Of the 308 samples processed, 17 (5.5%) grew on both L20B and RD cells while 32 (10.4%) grew on RD only. All 28 isolates from L20B were characterized by rRT-PCR as Sabin-like polioviruses. No wild poliovirus or VDPV was found. However from the microneutralisation assay, six different enteroviruses were characterized. Among these, Coxsackie B viruses were most predominant followed by Echovirus. Three children from whom non-polio enteroviruses were isolated had residual paralysis while one child with VAPP found. The non-polio enteroviruses circulated throughout the country with the majority (20.7%) from Ashanti region.. Conclusions: This study showed the absence of wild or vaccine-derived poliovirus circulation in the country. However, the detection of three non-polio enteroviruses and one Sabin-like poliovirus with residual paralysis call for continuous surveillance even in the post polio eradication era.. Outcome of Research: Not applicable. Availability of Paper: The full text of this ...
Enterovirus 68Enterovirus 68
... (EV68, EV-D68 or HEV68) is a type of enterovirus (see Enterovirus) that can cause mild to severe respiratory illness. Enteroviruses as a group are fairly common illnesses however EV68 is uncommon. Enterovirus-68 infections are difficult to track, because its symptoms are like the symptoms of the common cold and other illnesses. Many hospitals and clinics do not test for specific types of enteroviruses. Common symptoms include fever, runny nose, sneezing, cough, and body/muscle aches. However, more severe infections may cause difficulty in breathing and even respiratory failure. Infants and children under the age of 5 are at the highest risk for serious infections, but older children and teenagers may also be at risk, because they have not yet developed immunity (protection from) to many viruses. Children with asthma seem to have a higher risk for respiratory problems with this virus and may need to be hospitalized. The virus can be spread through saliva, sneezing, or touching ...
Glutathione facilitates enterovirus assembly by binding at a druggable pocket. - The Jenner InstituteGlutathione facilitates enterovirus assembly by binding at a druggable pocket. - The Jenner Institute
Enteroviruses cause a range of human and animal diseases, some life-threatening, but there remain no licenced anti-enterovirus drugs. However, a benzene-sulfonamide derivative and related compounds have been shown recently to block infection of a range of enteroviruses by binding the capsid at a positively-charged surface depression conserved across many enteroviruses. It has also been established that glutathione is essential for the assembly of many enteroviruses, interacting with the capsid proteins to facilitate the formation of the pentameric assembly intermediate, although the mechanism is unknown. Here we show, by high resolution structure analyses of enterovirus F3, that reduced glutathione binds to the same interprotomer pocket as the benzene-sulfonamide derivative. Bound glutathione makes strong interactions with adjacent protomers, thereby explaining the underlying biological role of this druggable binding pocket and delineating the pharmacophore for potential antivirals.
Detection of enterovirus viraemia in blood donors. - Experimental Medicine DivisionDetection of enterovirus viraemia in blood donors. - Experimental Medicine Division
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The infrastructure established for screening blood donations for hepatitis C virus has enabled large-scale population testing for other viruses which are potentially transmissible by transfusion of blood components and plasma-derived blood products. We have measured the frequency of viraemia of enteroviruses and parechoviruses in 83 600 Scottish blood donors to allow an initial assessment of their risk to blood safety. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Plasma samples collected from blood donors over 7 calendar months were tested anonymously in mini-pools of 95 donations, by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for human enterovirus and parechovirus sequences. RESULTS: A total of 19 mini-pools, from the 880 that were tested, were PCR-positive for enterovirus RNA, predicting a donor prevalence of 0.023%. Enterovirus sequences were not detected in factor VIII or IX clotting factor concentrates. None of the 230 mini-pools or concentrates contained detectable parechovirus RNA. CONCLUSIONS: The
Antivirals against polio and other enteroviruses | EUVIRNAAntivirals against polio and other enteroviruses | EUVIRNA
The aim of this project is to study the particular characteristics and to unravel the molecular mechanism of action of novel inhibitors of the replication of picornaviruses (genus enterovirus) that have recently been discovered in our laboratory. The development of inhibitors of enterovirus replication is of utmost importance. Despite intensive vaccination campaigns, the poliovirus is still not eradicated. It is now widely accepted that antivirals will be needed to aid in the late stages of the polio endgame and in the post-polio era. Besides polio, many other enteroviruses cause a wide spectrum of diseases in man (aseptic meningitis; viral myocarditis, respiratory tract infections); there is no vaccine nor specific therapy available. Host institute ...
Meningitis and Meningoencephalitis among Israel Defense Force Soldiers: 20 Years Experience at the Hadassah Medical | Herpes...Meningitis and Meningoencephalitis among Israel Defense Force Soldiers: 20 Years Experience at the Hadassah Medical | Herpes...
Conventional culture detected 74 enterovirus isolates. Oberste, M., Schnurr, D., Maher, K., al-Busaidy, S. We prospectively studied children with suspected HEV-71 (i.e., hand-foot-and-mouth disease, CNS disease, or both) over 3.5 years, using detailed virological investigation and genogroup analysis of all isolates. To increase yield and enhance the rapidity of enterovirus isolation in cell cultures, we used Buffalo green monkey kidney (BGM) cells and subpassages of primary human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells in addition to the human diploid fibroblast (MRC-5) cells and primary cynomolgus or rhesus monkey kidney (MK) cells routinely used for enterovirus culturing. A series of unrelated viral isolates as well as CSF samples from patients with meningitis/encephalitis or neurological syndromes unrelated to enterovirus infection were included as controls. A series of unrelated viral isolates as well as CSF samples from patients with meningitis/encephalitis or neurological syndromes unrelated to ...
Protecting Our Long-Term Care Residents Against Enterovirus - Princeton Healthcare CenterProtecting Our Long-Term Care Residents Against Enterovirus - Princeton Healthcare Center
With an increase in viral illness being reported locally, and clusters of enterovirus EV-D68 growing across WV, Princeton Health Care is protecting its residents of the long-term care facility by limiting visitors to only those who are healthy.. Princeton Health Care Centers physician and infection control preventionist have carefully reviewed recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control. After this careful consideration, the decision has been made to limit visitors to only those who are healthy until further notice.. We are seeing an increase in respiratory illness in the region. Implementing our visitor limitations helps to protect our residents who may already be facing medical challenges.. Enteroviruses are very common viruses; there are more than 100 types. Most people infected with enteroviruses have no symptoms or only mild symptoms, but some infections can be serious. Infants, children and teenagers are most likely to get infected with enteroviruses and become sick. Most ...
Enterovirus | virus | Britannica.comEnterovirus | virus | Britannica.com
Enterovirus: This group includes enteroviruses, which attack the vertebrate intestinal tract and often invade the central nervous system as well; rhinoviruses, which infect the tissues in the vertebrate nose; and the virus agent of foot-and-mouth disease. Among the enteroviruses are polioviruses, echoviruses (enteric, cytopathogenic, human, orphan), and Coxsackie viruses.
Enterovirus 71 | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.orgEnterovirus 71 | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org
Enterovirus 71 is one of the viruses that causes hand-foot-and-mouth disease in children. It is an enterovirus, one of the picornaviruses. Infection with enterovirus 71 predominantly results in a vesicular rash of the hands and feet that follows...
Improvement of a real-time RT-PCR assay for the detection of enterovirus RNA | Virology Journal | Full TextImprovement of a real-time RT-PCR assay for the detection of enterovirus RNA | Virology Journal | Full Text
We describe an improvement of an earlier reported real-time RT-PCR assay for the detection of enterovirus RNA, based on the 5 exonuclease digestion of a dual-labeled fluorogenic probe by Taq DNA polymerase. A different extraction method, real-time RT-PCR instrument and primer set were evaluated. Our data show that the optimized assay yields a higher sensitivity and reproducibility and resulted in a significant reduced hands-on time per sample.
Coxsackie Virus - Types, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Pictures, Transmission | Diseases PicturesCoxsackie Virus - Types, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Pictures, Transmission | Diseases Pictures
Coxsackie virus belongs to the family of Picornaviridae (Picornavirus) and enterovirus genus. They have small RNA virus in them and it was first invented at the
Clusters of Acute Respiratory Illness Associated with Human Enterovirus 68 --- Asia, Europe, and United States, 2008--2010Clusters of Acute Respiratory Illness Associated with Human Enterovirus 68 --- Asia, Europe, and United States, 2008--2010
In the past 2 years, CDC has learned of several clusters of respiratory illness associated with human enterovirus 68 (HEV68), including severe disease. HEV68 is a unique enterovirus that shares epidemiologic and biologic features with human rhinoviruses (HRV) (1). First isolated in California in 1962 from four children with bronchiolitis and pneumonia (2), HEV68 has been reported rarely since that time and the full spectrum of illness that it can cause is unknown. The six clusters of respiratory illness associated with HEV68 described in this report occurred in Asia, Europe, and the United States during 2008--2010. HEV68 infection was associated with respiratory illness ranging from relatively mild illness that did not require hospitalization to severe illness requiring intensive care and mechanical ventilation. Three cases, two in the Philippines and one in Japan, were fatal. In these six clusters, HEV68 disproportionately occurred among children. CDC learned of clusters of HEV68 from public ...
Virosensor -Based Real-time Diagnosis of Enterovirus 71 and Influenza Virus - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govVirosensor -Based Real-time Diagnosis of Enterovirus 71 and Influenza Virus - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
To develop a real-time diagnostic technique with Virosensor for Enterovirus 71 and Influenza Virus detection, the investigators conduct a prospective clinical study. In comparison with results from direct sequencing of Enterovirus 71 and Influenza Virus, the investigators evaluate the performance of virosensor , including reproducibility, sensitivity, specificity, and cross-reaction. The potential factors which may interfere with the results would be investigated. With such technique, the investigators hope to make early diagnosis and give Enterovirus 71 and Influenza Virus patients early treatment to reduce the complications and case-fatality rate ...
Enterovirus | Define Enterovirus at Dictionary.comEnterovirus | Define Enterovirus at Dictionary.com
Enterovirus definition, any of several picornaviruses of the genus Enterovirus, including poliovirus, that infect the human gastrointestinal tract and cause diseases of the nervous system. See more.
Enterovirus found in 8 B.C. children this summer - Invermere Valley EchoEnterovirus found in 8 B.C. children this summer - Invermere Valley Echo
Several cases of the respiratory illness enterovirus have been detected in children in B.C. this summer, prompting a warning to take precautions from the provincial centre for disease control.. The BCCDC says eight children, most of them under two years old, have had confirmed cases of the infection.. Most people with enterovirus have only mild, cold-like symptoms, but the more severe cases can come with neurological complications such as muscle weakness or even paralysis.. People with asthma and other lung conditions are more susceptible to serious complications.. CDC epidemiologist Dr. Danuta Skowronski says the numbers are low so far, but more infections are likely to occur in the fall and early winter period.. Unlike the flu, there is no vaccine available for enterovirus and officials say cleaning hands regularly and staying home when you are ill to protect yourself and others will help stop the circulation of the virus.. ...
Enterovirus found in 8 B.C. children this summer - The Free PressEnterovirus found in 8 B.C. children this summer - The Free Press
Several cases of the respiratory illness enterovirus have been detected in children in B.C. this summer, prompting a warning to take precautions from the provincial centre for disease control.. The BCCDC says eight children, most of them under two years old, have had confirmed cases of the infection.. Most people with enterovirus have only mild, cold-like symptoms, but the more severe cases can come with neurological complications such as muscle weakness or even paralysis.. People with asthma and other lung conditions are more susceptible to serious complications.. CDC epidemiologist Dr. Danuta Skowronski says the numbers are low so far, but more infections are likely to occur in the fall and early winter period.. Unlike the flu, there is no vaccine available for enterovirus and officials say cleaning hands regularly and staying home when you are ill to protect yourself and others will help stop the circulation of the virus.. ...
Enterovirus encephalitis - Suggestions for enterovirus encephalitis by The Free Dictionary.Enterovirus encephalitis - Suggestions for enterovirus encephalitis by The Free Dictionary.
Suggestions for enterovirus encephalitis in the Online Dictionary. Information about spelling of enterovirus encephalitis in the Spelling Center of the Free Online English dictionary and encyclopedia
Human enterovirus 71 subgenotype B3 lacks coxsackievirus A16-like neurovirulence in mice infection | Virology Journal | Full...Human enterovirus 71 subgenotype B3 lacks coxsackievirus A16-like neurovirulence in mice infection | Virology Journal | Full...
At least three different EV-71 subgenotypes were identified from an outbreak in Malaysia in 1998. The subgenotypes C2 and B4 were associated with the severe and fatal infections, whereas the B3 virus was associated with mild to subclinical infections. The B3 virus genome sequences had ≥85% similarity at the 3 end to CV-A16. This offers opportunities to examine if there are characteristic similarities and differences in virulence between CV-A16, EV-71 B3 and EV-71 B4 and to determine if the presence of the CV-A16-liked genes in EV-71 B3 would also confer the virus with a CV-A16-liked neurovirulence in mice model infection. Analysis of human enterovirus 71 (EV-71) subgenotype B3 genome sequences revealed that the 3D RNA polymerase and domain Z of the 3-untranslating region RNA secondary structure had high similarity to CV-A16. Intracerebral inoculation of one-day old mice with the virus resulted in 16% of the mice showing swollen hind limbs and significantly lower weight gain in comparison to EV-71 B4
Hepatitis y coagulopatía secundaria a infección neonatal por enterovirusHepatitis y coagulopatía secundaria a infección neonatal por enterovirus
PEREZ, Ana C. et al. Hepatitis and coagulopathy secondary to neonatal enteroviral infection. Arch. argent. pediatr. [online]. 2009, vol.107, n.6, pp.550-553. ISSN 0325-0075.. Enteroviruses cause a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations in neonates, from asymptomatic infection to severe and fulminant, sometimes fatal disease. A septic disease is the clinical manifestation of one fourth of the cases in neonates, with multiorganic affection. Hepatitis and coagulopathy are related to bad prognosis, generally associated to catastrophic hemorrhages. In those cases, an aggressive support therapy and correct administration of platelet and clotting factor replacement is necessary. The liver, in survivors, frequently has sufficient regenerative capacity to allow normalization of hepatic function and adequate growth of the child. We present the case of a newborn who developed hepatitis and coagulopathy secondary to an enteroviral infection, with total recovery and absence of hemorrhagic complication. Her ...
ZEB1 limits adenoviral infectability by transcriptionally repressing the coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptorZEB1 limits adenoviral infectability by transcriptionally repressing the coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor
We have previously reported that RAS-MEK (Cancer Res. 2003 May 1;63(9):2088-95) and TGF-β (Cancer Res. 2006 Feb 1;66(3):1648-57) signaling negatively regulate coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) cell-surface expression and adenovirus uptake. In the case of TGF-β, down-regulation of CAR occurred in context of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process associated with transcriptional repression of E-cadherin by, for instance, the E2 box-binding factors Snail, Slug, SIP1 or ZEB1. While EMT is crucial in embryonic development, it has been proposed to contribute to the formation of invasive and metastatic carcinomas by reducing cell-cell contacts and increasing cell migration.. ...
enterovirus D-68 | AFC Urgent Care Danburyenterovirus D-68 | AFC Urgent Care Danbury
In the news recently we are hearing more and more about Human Enterovirus D-68, otherwise known as EV-D68. Watch this Urgent Care Medical Minute Alert to find out what you need to know about EV-D68, which is mostly affecting children, and what you can do to help your child avoid contracting it. Human Enterovirus, also …. What You Should Know About EV-D68 Read More ». ...
Enterovirus D68 | Cape May County, NJ - Official WebsiteEnterovirus D68 | Cape May County, NJ - Official Website
What is the best way to clean surfaces?. The best way to clean surfaces is to use a bleach-based household cleaner as directed on the product label. If no such cleaning product is available, you can use a solution made with 5 tablespoons to 1.5 cups of household bleach per 1 gallon of water. If you are unable to use bleach, look for cleaning products that list "Alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride" as an active ingredient on the label and says that the product kills norovirus and rhinovirus. This includes products such as Lysol All-purpose cleaner, Pine-Sol All-purpose cleaner and Clorox disinfecting spray/wipes. Follow instructions on the label. Enteroviruses are resistant to alcohol disinfection. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) website has a list of commercial cleaning products for noroviruses; these also kill enteroviruses: EPA-Registered Disinfectants ...
What is a Coxsackie Virus? (with pictures)What is a Coxsackie Virus? (with pictures)
A coxsackie virus is a virus in the Picornaviridae family, which can cause symptoms like nausea, diarrhea, cramps, rashes, and...
腸道病毒 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书腸道病毒 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书
腸道病毒（Enterovirus）又稱腸病毒，是一種主要寄生於腸道的正股單股RNA病毒，和人類及哺乳類的疾病有關。雖然名為腸病毒，在人類卻很少出現腸道的病狀。在病毒分類中，屬於第IV類的RNA病毒。腸道病毒的命名主要以它的英文名稱"Enterovirus"的英文簡寫"EV"，再後綴以數字命名。例如，近年在亞洲和北美洲流行、可以引起手足口病的EV71就是其中的一種。 常見的腸病毒有克沙奇病毒，又稱柯薩奇病毒（Coxsackievirus groups A and B）有A型(甲型)23種與B型(乙型)6種，Echovirus伊科病毒31種，和造成小兒麻痺症的Poliovirus脊髓灰质炎病毒3種，以及不分類的腸病毒68~71型。共67種。 腸病毒全球皆有分布，而人類是唯一宿主及唯一感染源。腸病毒具高傳染性，主要經由兩途徑傳染，經由吃到被汙染的食物、水、玩具、口水等或經由呼吸道(飛沫、咳嗽 ...
Enterovirus, Molecular Detection, PCR, Plasma - Holland Hospital Laboratory ServicesEnterovirus, Molecular Detection, PCR, Plasma - Holland Hospital Laboratory Services
Submit a raw clinical sample (not a culture isolate) for enterovirus PCR. This test will detect enterovirus, but will not differentiate viruses in this family or provide serotyping information.. Collection Container/Tube: Lavender top (EDTA). Submission Container/Tube: Screw-capped, sterile container. Specimen Volume: 1 mL. Collection Instructions: Spin down promptly.. ...
Enterovirus Type 68 Major Group (09/2014 Isolate 4) Culture Fluid (1 mL) 0810304CF | Microorganisms,Microorganisms...Enterovirus Type 68 Major Group (09/2014 Isolate 4) Culture Fluid (1 mL) 0810304CF | Microorganisms,Microorganisms...
View Enterovirus Type 68 Major Group (09/2014 Isolate 4) Culture Fluid (1 mL) 0810304CF from our online collection of viruses, microorganisms, and other products for infectious disease diagnostic development. Browse our larger selection of Microorganisms,Microorganisms,Microorganisms for Assay Developers,Research and Development,Clinical Laboratories products from ZeptoMetrix.
Top 5 Surfaces Enterovirus Can Strike | HealthCentralTop 5 Surfaces Enterovirus Can Strike | HealthCentral
Theres no vaccine for enterovirus D68 and the key to prevention is being diligent about disinfecting surfaces. Here are the surfaces you dont want to miss.
DiVA - SökresultatDiVA - Sökresultat
Most patients with type 1 diabetes are considered to have a T-cell mediated autoimmune disease. The chemokine CXCL10 promotes the migration of activated T-cells. Virus infections might contribute to the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes and enterovirus protein and/or genome have been detected in beta-cells from a majority of tested newly diagnosed children with type 1 diabetes. The chemokine CXCL10 is induced in human islet cells by enterovirus infections in vivo and in vitro, but is not expressed in islets from normal organ donors. Since CXCL10 is a chemokine known to be induced by virus infections and/or cellular damage, our aim was to study if levels of CXCL10 are elevated in serum from children with type 1 diabetes and whether it correlates to the presence of enterovirus markers. CXCL10, neutralizing antibody titer rises against certain enterovirus, and antibodies against GAD65 were measured in serum, and enterovirus PCR was performed on whole blood from 83 type 1 diabetes patients at onset, ...
Advocate Hospital: Polio-Like Link to Enterovirus No Reason for Undue Concern - Kane County ConnectsAdvocate Hospital: Polio-Like Link to Enterovirus 'No Reason for Undue Concern' - Kane County Connects
Doctors at Advocate Sherman Hospital say Kane County parents should be aware but not unduly concerned about reports that children in Colorado who have tested positive for enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) recently were diagnosed with neurological symptoms that include limb weakness and temporary paralysis.. According to a report in Sherman Hospitals excellent e-news page the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that nine children were diagnosed with temporary paralysis. Four of those children tested positive for EV-D68, with another two children reportedly having another enterovirus or rhinovirus strain.. Dr. James Malow, infectious disease specialist at Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, agrees that these reports are no reason for undue concern among parents at this time, but parents should be aware of the situation.. "This is something that needs to be investigated fully. We need to see what develops," he says. "Thats why the CDC is contacting state and local health officials - ...
Enteroviruses in ChildrenEnteroviruses in Children
There are many types of enteroviruses. The viruses mostly cause illness in babies, children, and teens. This is because most adults have already had enteroviruses and have built up immunity.
Enteroviruses and the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes revisited : cross-reactivity of enterovirus capsid protein (VP1)...Enteroviruses and the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes revisited : cross-reactivity of enterovirus capsid protein (VP1)...
Current or recent enteroviral infections show an association with type 1 diabetes. However, evidence for this has mainly been generated using a particular mouse monoclonal antibody (clone 5-D8/1) which binds the viral capsid protein VP1. Difficulty in confirming these findings using other independent methods has led to the concern that this might be artefactual. To address this, we examined the potential cross-reactivity of clone 5-D8/1 with normal islet proteins. Western blotting, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and mass spectrometry were used to identify human islet proteins bound by the clone 5-D8/1. We found a distinct reactivity with two mitochondrial proteins, creatine kinase B-type and ATP synthase beta subunit. Immunohistochemistry using the clone 5-D8/1 revealed a granular cytoplasmic staining pattern in mitochondria-rich cells, ie hepatocytes, ductal epithelial cells, vascular endothelial cells, skeletal muscle cells, and the neoplastic salivary gland oncocytoma cells, whereas ...
Comparing Enterovirus 71 with Coxsackievirus A16 by analyzing nucleotide sequences and antigenicity of recombinant proteins of...Comparing Enterovirus 71 with Coxsackievirus A16 by analyzing nucleotide sequences and antigenicity of recombinant proteins of...
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) and Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) are two major etiological agents of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD). EV71 is associated with severe cases but not CA16. The mechanisms contributed to the different pathogenesis of these two viruses are unknown. VP1 and VP4 are two major structural proteins of these viruses, and should be paid close attention to. The sequences of vp1s from 14 EV71 and 14 CA16, and vp4s from 10 EV71 and 1 CA16 isolated in this study during 2007 to 2009 HFMD seasons were analyzed together with the corresponding sequences available in GenBank using DNAStar and MEGA 4.0. Phylogenetic analysis of complete vp1s or vp4s showed that EV71 isolated in Beijing belonged to C4 and CA16 belonged to lineage B2 (lineage C). VP1s and VP4s from 4 strains of viruses expressed in E. coli BL21 cells were used to detect IgM and IgG in human sera by Western Blot. The detection of IgM against VP1s of EV71 and CA16 showed consistent results with current infection, while none of the sera
EnterovirusesEnteroviruses
... can be found in the respiratory secretions (e.g., saliva, sputum, or nasal mucus) and stool of an infected person. Other persons may become infected by direct contact with secretions or stool from an infected person or by contact with contaminated surfaces or objects, such as a drinking glass or telephone. Parents, teachers, and child care center workers may also become infected by contamination of the hands with stool from an infected infant or toddler during diaper changes.. ...
Enterovirus Analysis / Testing Laboratory EPA/600/R-95/178 and EPA1615Enterovirus Analysis / Testing Laboratory EPA/600/R-95/178 and EPA1615
testing analysis of enterovirus detection, E. coli, Cryptosporidium, giardia, Fecal coliform, bacteriological analysis, water pollution, Virology, bacteriology, protozoan parasites, Enterococcus, endocrine disrupter, bacteriological material testing
Animal models of enterovirus 71 infection: applications and limitations | Journal of Biomedical Science | Full TextAnimal models of enterovirus 71 infection: applications and limitations | Journal of Biomedical Science | Full Text
Human enterovirus 71 (EV71) has emerged as a neuroinvasive virus that is responsible for several outbreaks in the Asia-Pacific region over the past 15 years. Appropriate animal models are needed to understand EV71 neuropathogenesis better and to facilitate the development of effective vaccines and drugs. Non-human primate models have been used to characterize and evaluate the neurovirulence of EV71 after the early outbreaks in late 1990s. However, these models were not suitable for assessing the neurovirulence level of the virus and were associated with ethical and economic difficulties in terms of broad application. Several strategies have been applied to develop mouse models of EV71 infection, including strategies that employ virus adaption and immunodeficient hosts. Although these mouse models do not closely mimic human disease, they have been applied to determine the pathogenesis of and treatment and prevention of the disease. EV71 receptor-transgenic mouse models have recently been developed and
Detection and cellular localization of enterovirus RNA sequences in spinal cord of patients with ALS | NeurologyDetection and cellular localization of enterovirus RNA sequences in spinal cord of patients with ALS | Neurology
Several reports have suggested that EVs may be involved in ALS.7,8 However, some authors failed to detect EV signs of infection in patients with ALS using either serologic analysis,22 virologic culture,23 molecular hybridization,24 or RT-PCR.10 In the latter study, the lack of detection of EV sequences in CSF of patients presenting with ALS may be because of a limited sensitivity of the technique used. In a previous study, we reported that using RT-PCR on CSF samples, 20% (2/10) of ALS patients were positive for EV detection, whereas all control cases were negative.9 The detection of other viral agents such as herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, and mumps virus was always negative on CSF of both ALS and non-ALS cases (Bruno Lina, personal data, 1998). In the current study, we detected EV nucleic acids in formaldehyde-fixed spinal cord tissues from patients with ALS in 88.3% and 76.4% of cases by RT-IS-PCR and RT-PCR, respectively. This agrees with the 73% incidence of EV sequences in ...
Coxsackie viruses | definition of Coxsackie viruses by Medical dictionaryCoxsackie viruses | definition of Coxsackie viruses by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of Coxsackie viruses in the Medical Dictionary? Coxsackie viruses explanation free. What is Coxsackie viruses? Meaning of Coxsackie viruses medical term. What does Coxsackie viruses mean?
Detection and Characterization of Human Enteroviruses, Human Cosaviruses, and a New Human Parechovirus Type in Healthy...Detection and Characterization of Human Enteroviruses, Human Cosaviruses, and a New Human Parechovirus Type in Healthy...
Human enteroviruses and human parechoviruses are associated with a broad range of diseases and even severe and fatal conditions. For human cosaviruses, the etiological role is yet unknown. Little is known about the circulation of non-polio enteroviruses, human parechoviruses, and human cosaviruses in Nigeria. A total of 113 stool samples were collected from healthy individuals in Osun State between February 2016 and May 2017. RT-PCR assays targeting the 5′ non-coding region (5′ -NCR) were used to screen for human enteroviruses, human parechoviruses, and human cosaviruses. For human enteroviruses, species-specific RT-PCR assays targeting the VP1 regions were used for molecular typing. Inoculation was carried out on RD-A, CaCo-2, HEp-2C, and L20B cell lines to compare molecular and virological assays. Ten samples tested positive for enterovirus RNA with 11 strains detected, including CV-A13 (n = 3), E-18 (n = 2), CV-A20 (n = 1), CV-A24 (n = 1), EV-C99 (n = 1), and EV-C116 (n = 2). Three ...
Enterovirus 71 | definition of enterovirus 71 by Medical dictionaryEnterovirus 71 | definition of enterovirus 71 by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of enterovirus 71 in the Medical Dictionary? enterovirus 71 explanation free. What is enterovirus 71? Meaning of enterovirus 71 medical term. What does enterovirus 71 mean?
Efficacy of inactivation of human enteroviruses by dual-wavelength germicidal ultraviolet (UV-C) light emitting diodes (LEDs) |...Efficacy of inactivation of human enteroviruses by dual-wavelength germicidal ultraviolet (UV-C) light emitting diodes (LEDs) |...
The efficacy of germicidal ultraviolet (UV-C) light emitting diodes (LEDs) was evaluated for inactivating human enteroviruses included on the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)s Contaminant Candidate List (CCL). A UV-C LED device, emitting at peaks of 260 nm and 280 nm and the combination of 260/280 nm together, was used to measure and compare potential synergistic effects of dual wavelengths for disinfecting viral organisms. The 260 nm LED proved to be the most effective at inactivating the CCL enteroviruses tested. To obtain 2-log10 inactivation credit for the 260 nm LED, the fluences (UV doses) required are approximately 8 mJ/cm2 for coxsackievirus A10 and poliovirus 1, 10 mJ/cm2 for enterovirus 70, and 13 mJ/cm2 for echovirus 30. No synergistic effect was detected when evaluating the log inactivation of enteroviruses irradiated by the dual-wavelength UV-C LEDs.. ...
Coxsackievirus - WikipediaCoxsackievirus - Wikipedia
Coxsackievirus is a virus that belongs to a family of nonenveloped, linear, positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses, Picornaviridae and the genus Enterovirus, which also includes poliovirus and echovirus. Enteroviruses are among the most common and important human pathogens, and ordinarily its members are transmitted by the fecal-oral route. Coxsackieviruses share many characteristics with poliovirus. With control of poliovirus infections in much of the world, more attention has been focused on understanding the nonpolio enteroviruses such as coxsackievirus. Coxsackieviruses are among the leading causes of aseptic meningitis (the other usual suspects being echovirus and mumps virus). The entry of coxsackievirus into cells, especially endothelial cells, is mediated by Coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor. Coxsackieviruses are divided into group A and group B viruses based on early observations of their pathogenicity in neonatal mice. Group A coxsackieviruses were noted to cause a flaccid ...
Table 2 - Epidemiology of Recurrent Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease, China, 2008-2015 - Volume 24, Number 3-March 2018 - Emerging...Table 2 - Epidemiology of Recurrent Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease, China, 2008-2015 - Volume 24, Number 3-March 2018 - Emerging...
Using Chinas national surveillance data on hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) for 2008-2015, we described the epidemiologic and virologic features of recurrent HFMD. A total of 398,010 patients had HFMD recurrence; 1,767 patients had 1,814 cases of recurrent laboratory-confirmed HFMD: 99 reinfections of enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) with EV-A71, 45 of coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) with CV-A16, 364 of other enteroviruses with other enteroviruses, 383 of EV-A71 with CV-A16 and CV-A16 with EV-A71, and 923 of EV-A71 or CV-A16 with other enteroviruses and other enteroviruses with EV-A71 or CV-A16. The probability of HFMD recurrence was 1.9% at 12 months, 3.3% at 24 months, 3.9% at 36 months, and 4.0% at 38.8 months after the primary episode. HFMD severity was not associated with recurrent episodes or time interval between episodes. Elucidation of the mechanism underlying HFMD recurrence with the same enterovirus serotype and confirmation that HFMD recurrence is not associated with disease severity is needed.
Serotype-specific detection of enterovirus 71 in clinical specimens by DNA microchip array<...Serotype-specific detection of enterovirus 71 in clinical specimens by DNA microchip array<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Serotype-specific detection of enterovirus 71 in clinical specimens by DNA microchip array. AU - Shih, Shin Ru. AU - Wang, Yih Weng. AU - Chen, Guang Wu. AU - Chang, Luan Yin. AU - Lin, Tzou Yien. AU - Tseng, Mei Chen. AU - Chiang, Chiayn. AU - Tsao, Kuo Chien. AU - Huang, Chung Guei. AU - Shio, Mei Ren. AU - Tai, Jui Hung. AU - Wang, Shin Hwan. AU - Kuo, Rei Lin. AU - Liu, Wu Tse. PY - 2003/7/1. Y1 - 2003/7/1. N2 - Enterovirus 71 is an important pathogen that causes high morbidity and mortality in children in Taiwan. Virus isolation in cell cultures has been the standard method for enterovirus 71 identification in Clinical Virology Laboratories. However, virus isolation takes 5-10 days when using cell culture. A microchip for enterovirus 71 detection was developed as an alternative diagnostic method. The novel approach is based on hybridization of amplified DNA specimens with oligonucleotide DNA probes immobilized on a microchip. Two oligonucletides were used as detection ...
Picornaviruses (Enterovirus and Rhinovirus Groups) | Jawetz, Melnick, & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 27e | AccessMedicine |...Picornaviruses (Enterovirus and Rhinovirus Groups) | Jawetz, Melnick, & Adelberg's Medical Microbiology, 27e | AccessMedicine |...
Picornaviruses represent a very large virus family with respect to the number of members but one of the smallest in terms of virion size and genetic complexity. They include two major groups of human pathogens: enteroviruses and rhinoviruses. Enteroviruses are transient inhabitants of the human alimentary tract and may be isolated from the throat or lower intestine. Rhinoviruses are associated with the respiratory tract and isolated chiefly from the nose and throat. Less -common picornaviruses associated with human illness include hepatitis A virus, parechovirus, cardiovirus, and Aichi virus. Several genera of picornaviruses are also associated with -animal, plant, and insect disease. ...
Learn more about Enterovirus D68Learn more about Enterovirus D68
Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is one of more than 100 non-polio enteroviruses. This virus was first identified in California in 1962. What are the symptoms...
Structural, biochemical and electrostatic basis of serotype specificity in bovine enterovirusesStructural, biochemical and electrostatic basis of serotype specificity in bovine enteroviruses
We have performed immunostructural analyses of three closely related picornaviruses in order to gain understanding of the biochemical and structural basis of serotype specificity. We carried out sequence alignments of the capsid regions of three bovine enterovirus strains: VG-5-27 and M-4 from serotype 1 and PS-87 from serotype 2. Using our knowledge of the three dimensional and antigenic structure of strain VG-5-27 and the high levels of sequence identity between the strains, we have calculated the structures and solvent-accessible electrostatic potentials of the epitopes of all three viruses. We have demonstrated the viability of the molecular models of the epitopes of the M-4 and PS-87 strains. In each of the strains, we have explained the serotype specificities in terms of specific physical and chemical properties, and identified individual residues which are pivotal in determination of antibody recognition. These changes are in agreement with the known cross-reactivity of peptide and ...
A comparison of urea and alkali degradation of full and empty bovine enterovirus particles. - Queens University BelfastA comparison of urea and alkali degradation of full and empty bovine enterovirus particles. - Queen's University Belfast
TY - JOUR. T1 - A comparison of urea and alkali degradation of full and empty bovine enterovirus particles.. AU - Hoey, Elizabeth. PY - 1974. Y1 - 1974. M3 - Article. C2 - 4368320. VL - 10(37). SP - 45. EP - 62. JO - Microbios. JF - Microbios. SN - 0026-2633. ER - ...
Which symptoms suggest enteroviral infection when meningitis is suspected?Which symptoms suggest enteroviral infection when meningitis is suspected?
General physical findings in viral meningitis are common to all causative agents. Enteroviral infection is suggested by the following: Exanthemas Contact with small children with febrile illnesses ... more
What You Need to Know About Enterovirus D68 | LIVESTRONG.COMWhat You Need to Know About Enterovirus D68 | LIVESTRONG.COM
By DR. MALCOLM THALER Enteroviruses are ubiquitous in the environment and frequently cause mild viral symptoms that resolve in a few days without any specific treatment. But this latest epidemic — Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) — is different, causing significant respiratory symptoms in some children that are sometimes severe enough to require hospitalization in an ICU ...
Coxsackievirus B Exits the Host Cell in Shed Microvesicles Displaying Autophagosomal Markers | proLékaře.czCoxsackievirus B Exits the Host Cell in Shed Microvesicles Displaying Autophagosomal Markers | proLékaře.cz
1. MuirP, van LoonAM (1997) Enterovirus infections of the central nervous system. Intervirology 40: 153-166.. 2. SawyerMH (2002) Enterovirus infections: diagnosis and treatment. Semin Pediatr Infect Dis 13: 40-47.. 3. OrnoyA, TenenbaumA (2006) Pregnancy outcome following infections by coxsackie, echo, measles, mumps, hepatitis, polio and encephalitis viruses. Reprod Toxicol 21: 446-457.. 4. EuscherE, DavisJ, HolzmanI, NuovoGJ (2001) Coxsackie virus infection of the placenta associated with neurodevelopmental delays in the newborn. Obstet Gynecol 98: 1019-1026.. 5. DavidP, BaleriauxD, BankWO, AmromD, DeTD, et al. (1993) MRI of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis after coxsackie B infection. J Neuroradiol 20: 258-265.. 6. GraberD, FossoudC, GrouteauE, Gayet-MengelleC, CarriereJP (1994) Acute transverse myelitis and coxsackie A9 virus infection. Pediatr Infect Dis J 13: 77.. 7. SuvisaariJ, MautempsN, HaukkaJ, HoviT, LonnqvistJ (2003) Childhood central nervous system viral infections and adult ...
A potent virus-specific antibody-secreting cell response to acute enterovirus 71 infection in children<...A potent virus-specific antibody-secreting cell response to acute enterovirus 71 infection in children<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - A potent virus-specific antibody-secreting cell response to acute enterovirus 71 infection in children. AU - Huang, Kuan Ying Arthur. AU - Lin, Jainn Jim. AU - Chiu, Cheng Hsun. AU - Yang, Shuan. AU - Tsao, Kuo Chien. AU - Huang, Yhu Chering. AU - Lin, Tzou Yien. PY - 2015. Y1 - 2015. N2 - Background: Enterovirus 71 (EV71) remains a leading pathogen for acute infectious diseases in children, especially in Asia. The cellular basis for establishing a virus-specific antibody response to acute EV71 infections is unclear in children. Methods: We studied the magnitude of virus-specific antibody-secreting B cells (ASCs) and its relationship with serological response, clinical parameters, and virological parameters among children with laboratory-confirmed EV71 infection. Results: A potent EV71 genogroup B-and virus-specific ASC response was detected in the first week of illness among genotype B5 EV71-infected children. The cross-reactive EV71-specific ASC response to genogroup C viral ...
Results on Pathogen Detection of Foot and Mouth Disease in Guangxi China and Analysis on Its Popular SpectrumResults on Pathogen Detection of Foot and Mouth Disease in Guangxi China and Analysis on Its Popular Spectrum
Objective: The study aims to understand the characteristics and epidemic trend of the pathogen of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Guangxi regions, China. Besides, it aims to analyze the differences of intestinal virus detection rate between anal swab and pharyngeal swab samples. Methods: Anal swab and pharyngeal swabs of suspected HFMD children were collected in our hospital from 2012 to 2015. Real-time fluorescent PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) was used to detect enterovirus 71 (EV71), coxsackie virus type 16 (CA16), and universal intestinal virus nucleic acid (EV). Composition and conversion of predominant pathogens were analyzed, and paired samples test results of swabs anal and pharyngeal swab were statistically analyzed. Results: There are 681 cases with enterovirus in 2351 cases of patients. Among those who got enterovirus, there are 501 cases of EV71, 102 cases of CA16 and 79 cases of EV. From 2012 to 2015, the total proportion of the virus detection is 46.47%, 16.23%, 41.02% and 15.33%
The cellular attachment and entry of human enterovirus 71: the role of glycosaminoglycans and evidence for a second receptorThe cellular attachment and entry of human enterovirus 71: the role of glycosaminoglycans and evidence for a second receptor
Williams, David and Sioofy, Amir and Goodfellow, Ian and MacKenzie, John and Evans, David. 2009. The cellular attachment and entry of human enterovirus 71: the role of glycosaminoglycans and evidence for a second receptor, in American Society for Virology 25th Annual Meeting, Jul 15 2009. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin ...
PDF] Coxsackieviruses B1, B3, and B5 use decay accelerating factor as a receptor for cell attachment. | Semantic ScholarPDF] Coxsackieviruses B1, B3, and B5 use decay accelerating factor as a receptor for cell attachment. | Semantic Scholar
Receptor binding and subsequent cell-mediated internalization or disassembly are the initial steps in virus replication. Cell surface molecules that participate in this process are the primary determinants of virus tissue tropism. Monoclonal antibody blockade, immunoprecipitation, and DNA transfection were used to identify decay accelerating factor as a major cell attachment receptor for coxsackieviruses B1, B3, and B5. However, expression of human decay acceleration factor on the surface of nonpermissive murine fibroblasts led only to virus attachment without subsequent replication, and it was concluded that an additional cellular cofactor(s) is required to facilitate cell entry and subsequent replication.
Evaluation and implementation of a molecular-based protocol for the id by Matthew Adams Smith"Evaluation and implementation of a molecular-based protocol for the id" by Matthew Adams Smith
The Enterovirus genus within the family Picornaviridae contains over 100 serotypes, of which sixty-four are known to be human pathogens. Infection with this group of RNA viruses produces a myriad of clinical conditions including poliomyelitis, meningitis, encephalitis, respiratory illnesses, and hand-foot-and-mouth disease. Outbreaks have been documented worldwide; significant morbidity and mortality exist to warrant laboratory surveillance. Traditionally, enteroviruses have been identified to the level of serotype by the serum neutralization assay. However, numerous problems are associated with this assay. The serum neutralization assay is labor intensive, results are often ambiguous, and reagents are becoming difficult to obtain. Recently, molecular-based typing protocols have been described that are cost effective and produce results that are more reliable. The overall objective of this thesis was to implement a molecular-based typing protocol to replace the serum neutralization method currently used
Double blind placebo-controlled trial of pleconaril in infants with enterovirus meningitis.Double blind placebo-controlled trial of pleconaril in infants with enterovirus meningitis.
BACKGROUND: Enterovirus (EV) meningitis is common in infants and may have neurologic complications. Treatment of older children and adults with pleconaril has been associated with reduced severity and duration of symptoms. This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy of pleconaril in infants with EV meningitis. METHODS: Infants < or =12 months old with suspected EV meningitis were randomized 2:1 to receive pleconaril, 5 mg/kg/dose orally three times a day or placebo for 7 days. Evaluations included pharmacokinetic determinations, safety laboratory testing, serial culture and PCR assays and clinical evaluations. RESULTS: Of 21 evaluable subjects 20 were confirmed with EV infection (12 pleconaril, 8 placebo). Among pleconaril-treated subjects 26 of 29 peak and trough pleconaril levels exceeded the 90% inhibitory concentration for EVs. A median 3.5-fold drug accumulation occurred between Days 2 and 7. Pleconaril was well-tolerated, although twice as many adverse events occurred ...
The scholarly study is definitely by Dr Tsai Chung-Li.The scholarly study is definitely by Dr Tsai Chung-Li.
Kids infected with enterovirus more likely to have type 1 diabetes A new research published in Diabetologia implies that children who have been infected with enterovirus are 48 percent more likely to are suffering from type 1 diabetes. The scholarly study is definitely by Dr Tsai Chung-Li, China Medical University, Taiwan, and colleagues proper dose . Type 1 diabetes is known as to be caused by complex conversation between genetic susceptibility, the disease fighting capability, and environmental elements, say the authors. Although cue for genetic predisposition has been elucidated, proof also points to involvement of enterovirus infection, including infections such as poliovirus, Coxsackievirus A, Coxsackievirus B, and echovirus. To investigate the link between EV an infection and subsequent type 1 diabetes, the researchers used nationwide population-based data from Taiwans national medical health insurance system.. ...
Genetic Analysis of the VP1 Region of Human Enterovirus 71 Strains Isolated in Fuyang, China, During 2008* -- Vol. 24, No 03,...Genetic Analysis of the VP1 Region of Human Enterovirus 71 Strains Isolated in Fuyang, China, During 2008* -- Vol. 24, No 03,...
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a common cause of Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and may also cause severe neurological diseases, such as encephalitis and poliomyelitis-like paralysis. To examine the genetic diversity of EV71, we determined and analyzed the complete VP1 sequences (891 nucleotides) from nine EV71 strains isolated in Fuyang, China. We found that nine EV71 strains isolated were over 98% homologous at the nucleotide level and 93%-100% homologous to members of the C4 subgenogroup. At the amino acid level, these Fuyang strains were 99% -100% homologous to one another, 97%-100% homologous to members of the C4 subgenogroup, and the histidine(H) at amino acid position 22 was conserved among the Fuyang strains. The results indicate that Fuyang isolates belong to genotype C4, and an H at position 22 appears to be a marker for the Fuyang strains.
Data Availability StatementNot applicable | Vascular Dysfunction Induced in Offspring by Maternal Dietary FatData Availability StatementNot applicable | Vascular Dysfunction Induced in Offspring by Maternal Dietary Fat
Data Availability StatementNot applicable. analysis groups to totally map out the function of individual host elements in the replication routine of the viral attacks. Understanding the relationship between viral protein and individual host elements will unravel essential insights in the lifecycle of the groups of infections. This review supplies the most recent update in the interplay between individual host elements/procedures and non-polio enteroviruses (NPEV). We concentrate on the connections involved in viral attachment, access, internalization, uncoating, replication, virion assembly and eventual egress of the NPEV from your infected cells. We emphasize around the computer virus- human host interplay and spotlight existing knowledge gaps that needs further studies. Understanding the NPEV-human host factors interactions will be key in the design and development of vaccines as well Rabbit Polyclonal to ADCK2 as antivirals against enteroviral infections. Dissecting the role of human host ...
Publications - Professor Nicholas GrasslyPublications - Professor Nicholas Grassly
AB - BackgroundOral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) is less immunogenic in low- or middle-income than in high-income countries. We tested whether bacterial and viral components of the intestinal microbiota are associated with this phenomenon.MethodsWe assessed the prevalence of enteropathogens using TaqMan array cards 14 days before and at vaccination in 704 Indian infants (aged 6-11 months) receiving monovalent type 3 OPV (CTRI/2014/05/004588). Nonpolio enterovirus (NPEV) serotypes were identified by means of VP1 sequencing. In 120 infants, the prevaccination bacterial microbiota was characterized using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing.ResultsWe detected 56 NPEV serotypes on the day of vaccination. Concurrent NPEVs were associated with a reduction in OPV seroconversion, consistent across species (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 0.57 [.36-.90], 0.61 [.43-.86], and 0.69 [.41-1.16] for species A, B, and C, respectively). Recently acquired enterovirus infections, detected at vaccination but not 14 days ...
Hand, foot, and mouth disease - WikipediaHand, foot, and mouth disease - Wikipedia
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infection caused by a group of viruses. It typically begins with a fever and feeling generally unwell. This is followed a day or two later by flat discolored spots or bumps that may blister, on the hands, feet, and mouth, and occasionally buttocks and groin. Signs and symptoms normally appear 3-6 days after exposure to the virus. The rash generally goes away on its own in about a week. Fingernail and toenail loss may occur a few weeks later, but will regrow with time. The viruses that cause HFMD are spread through close personal contact, through the air from coughing, and the feces of an infected person. Contaminated objects can also spread the disease. Coxsackievirus A16 is the most common cause and Enterovirus 71 is the second-most common cause. Other strains of coxsackievirus and enterovirus can also be responsible. Some people may carry and pass on the virus despite having no symptoms of disease. Other animals are not involved. Diagnosis can ...
enterovirus and Type 1 diabetes Archives - Desang Diabetes Servicesenterovirus and Type 1 diabetes Archives - Desang Diabetes Services
Researchers from the University of New South Wales, Australia, reviewed 26 previous studies examining enterovirus infection and Type 1 diabetes, involving a total of 4,448 people.. ...
Research-Focused Enterovirus Foundation Website LaunchedResearch-Focused Enterovirus Foundation Website Launched
This new foundation, led by top researchers, is funding studies to detect & treat the elusive enterovirus infections that many believe trigger and per
Francis Delpeyroux - Biology of Enteric Viruses • Research - Institut PasteurFrancis Delpeyroux - Biology of Enteric Viruses • Research - Institut Pasteur
The genetic plasticity of viruses with RNA genomes results from high mutation rates and genetic recombination, facilitating the emergence of new epidemic viral strains. We study genetic and biological aspects of these viruses from fundamental and public-health standpoints, focusing on enteroviruses.. Human enteroviruses belong to the Picornaviridae family, a large group of human and animal pathogens. They mostly cause asymptomatic intestinal infections, but they can also cause acute damage to the central nervous system leading to meningitis, encephalitis, or even flaccid paralysis, which is mostly due to infections with poliovirus (poliomyelitis) and enterovirus A71 (EV-A71).. In 1988, the WHO established a poliomyelitis eradication program based on massive vaccination campaigns with oral polio vaccine (OPV). This vaccine consists of live attenuated strains that multiply to high titers in the intestine. There is also an inactivated virus vaccine. Following this campaign, a marked decrease in the ...
Corrigendum re Genetic Variants Related to Longer Telomere Length are Associated with Increased Risk of Renal Cell Carcinoma ...Corrigendum re "Genetic Variants Related to Longer Telomere Length are Associated with Increased Risk of Renal Cell Carcinoma" ...
Enteroviruses (EV) can cause severe neurological and respiratory infections, and occasionally lead to devastating outbreaks as previously demonstrated with EV-A71 and EV-D68 in Europe. However, these infections are still often underdiagnosed and EV typing data is not currently collected at European level. In order to improve EV diagnostics, collate data on severe EV infections and monitor the circulation of EV types, we have established European non-polio enterovirus network (ENPEN). First task of this cross-border network has been to ensure prompt and adequate diagnosis of these infections in Europe, and hence we present recommendations for non-polio EV detection and typing based on the consensus view of this multidisciplinary team including experts from over 20 European countries. We recommend that respiratory and stool samples in addition to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood samples are submitted for EV testing from patients with suspected neurological infections. This is vital since ...
Enterovirus cases increase in California as investigators probe link to paralysisEnterovirus cases increase in California as investigators probe link to paralysis
Fourteen children across California have been sickened by enterovirus D68 so far this year, but a separate investigation has revealed that the rare respiratory illness was present in 2012 in patients who suffered some paralysis, state health officials said Friday.. The California Department of Public Health identified 35 patients with paralysis and spinal cord illnesses since 2012. Of those patients, three had the virus known as EV-D68. There were two in 2012 and one this year. The finding raises the question but doesnt answer conclusively if there is a link between the rare respiratory illness and limb paralysis. "Because EV-D68 was found in respiratory specimens from these patients, it is not known whether EV-D68 was a cause of paralysis or a coincidental finding," said Dr. Gil Chavez, state epidemiologist for the Center for Infectious Diseases at the state health department. The CDC is investigating reports of paralysis and neurological issues in several children in Colorado. Health experts ...
Human antibodies neutralize enterovirus D68 and protect against infection and paralytic disease | Science ImmunologyHuman antibodies neutralize enterovirus D68 and protect against infection and paralytic disease | Science Immunology
Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is a human respiratory virus associated with acute flaccid myelitis, a rare paralytic disease primarily occurring in young children. To develop a potential therapeutic agent for this emerging disease, Vogt et al. screened B cells from participants with past EV-D68 infection for virus-binding antibodies and isolated a series of human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). One mAb that neutralized virus from all EV-D68 clades tested was shown by cryo-electron microscopy to bind a conformational epitope on the viral capsid surface. This highly cross-reactive mAb also protected immunodeficient mice from EV-D68-induced respiratory and neurological disease when given as prophylaxis or therapy. This research sets the stage for clinical testing of antibody therapy in patients with severe EV-D68 disease when the next virus outbreak occurs. ...
Enterovirus D68: 8 things parents should know | CBC NewsEnterovirus D68: 8 things parents should know | CBC News
The respiratory virus Enterovirus D68 has now been confirmed to have made more than a dozen children ill in Alberta. Since children seem most at risk, here are eight things parents should know about the respiratory virus:
Enterovirus D68: How To Protect Children With AsthmaEnterovirus D68: How To Protect Children With Asthma
Parents who have young children with asthma are being advised to ensure their childs condition is controlled to avoid contact with respiratory virus enterovirus D68 (EV-D68). Cases of the rare virus...
New Evidence Strengthens Link Between Enterovirus and Acute Flaccid MyelitisNew Evidence Strengthens Link Between Enterovirus and Acute Flaccid Myelitis
Patients with acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) commonly have antibodies to enterovirus (EV) peptides in their cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), further supporting a link between EV and AFM, researchers report.
Staying Informed and Healthy: Enterovirus D68 and Illness Prevention in Kids | ParentMapStaying Informed and Healthy: Enterovirus D68 and Illness Prevention in Kids | ParentMap
Enterovirus D68 is sweeping across the country, frightening parents right at the start of flu season, especially those whose children have asthma, respiratory illness or a compromised immune system. Experts say there is no vaccine and that families should wash hands, cover mouths during coughing and stay home from school or work when sick.
Enterovirus D68 Confirmed in a Child in Long BeachEnterovirus D68 Confirmed in a Child in Long Beach
Enterovirus D68 causes mild to severe respiratory illness. Children with asthma are at highest risk of developing severe complications. Symptoms may include fever, cough, runny nose, and body aches. Severe symptoms may include wheezing and difficulty breathing ...
Boys paralysis from Enterovirus remains a mysteryBoy's paralysis from Enterovirus remains a mystery
Months after falling ill, a 13-year-old New Hampshire boy is still fighting back from a mysterious paralysis. Doctors believe it was because of Enterovirus that suddenly put the healthy boy in a wheelchair, but he is making progress.
Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68): Symptoms and TreatmentEnterovirus D68 (EV-D68): Symptoms and Treatment
What is Enterovirus D68? Learn about causes, symptoms and treatment for this deadly strain of EV-D68 virus that has sickened hundreds of children across the U.S.
Get PDF - Comoviruses and enteroviruses share a T cell epitopeGet PDF - Comoviruses and enteroviruses share a T cell epitope
Beck, M.A.; Tracy, S.; Coller, B.A.; Chapman, N.M.; Hufnagel, G.; Johnson, J.E.; Lomonossoff, G., 1992: Comoviruses and enteroviruses share a T cell epitope
Midday On Health: Quick Segment On Ebola & Enterovirus D68 | Saint Nickanuck Of The TundraMidday On Health: Quick Segment On Ebola & Enterovirus D68 | Saint Nickanuck Of The Tundra
Last Thursday I did a quick segment on Midday with Dan Rodricks on 88.1 WYPR Baltimore. We discussed the latest issues involved in the spiraling Ebola epidemic, as well as the spreading Enterovirus D68 in the United States, which fortunately has claimed no lives as yet but has made many children critically ill.. For your streaming and/or podcasting pleasure, the show can be found here.. Notes:. ...
Is Enterovirus caused by VACCINES? - Montre Bible, Metaphysical AdvisorIs Enterovirus caused by VACCINES? - Montre Bible, Metaphysical Advisor
Over 40 states have reported that children mostly under 18 have contracted the enterovirus which has killed some and cause neurological damage in others that has paralyzed them. Its sad really and my sympathy goes out to the families who have children going through this. Online I have heard ridiculous claims that its because of…
WHO provides update on enterovirus D68 in U.S. | Vaccine NewsWHO provides update on enterovirus D68 in U.S. | Vaccine News
The World Health Organization said on Wednesday that 12 U.S. states have reported a total of 130 laboratory-confirmed cases of enterovirus D68 (EV-D68).
Enterovirus D68 and paralysis-like symptoms detected in 2 B.C. patients | CBC NewsEnterovirus D68 and paralysis-like symptoms detected in 2 B.C. patients | CBC News
B.C. health authorities are trying to determine if a man and boy with enterovirus D68 developed paralysis-like symptoms because of the infections.
IDWeek 2014 - InsightsIDWeek 2014 - Insights
Enterovirus D68 was identified as the causative agent in an outbreak of severe respiratory illness in children in Missouri. Enterovirus infection causes mild to severe respiratory illness with severe disease found primarily in children with a history of asthma or wheezing. Molecular detection by PCR is recommended for rapid diagnosis, but will not speciate the enteroviruses. If specific serotyping is required, samples should be submitted to a state health laboratory or the CDC.. Resources:. ...
Hand, Foot and Mouth DiseaseHand, Foot and Mouth Disease
... (HFMD) is caused by a virus (usually from the coxsackie group of enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie virus A16). It causes bliste
Quixotic: My M.E. Blog: December 2013Quixotic: My M.E. Blog: December 2013
Not to bury the lead but.... Dr. C says that he obtained tissues samples from a recent patient of his who, tragically, committed suicide. The family was kind enough to donate the body to Dr. Cs research. (Side note: Im trying to walk a fine line here because Dr. C states that his findings will be announced at the March IACFS conference and not before then, so I dont want to steal his thunder). All I can reveal at this point is that Dr. C found a raging enterovirus infection all throughout a major, very critical organ from this deceased patients body. (Im sorry, I cant reveal the organ). Dr. C is certain that it is the same enterovirus he has been finding in the linings of the guts of his patients for years. (Although, he noted that this enterovirus was detected by the protein that it produces, not directly by sequencing the virus, which is very expensive. When and if he ever obtains the funds, he would like to sequence the virus from his organ sample and conclusively prove that it is the ...
Detection of a low-grade enteroviral infection in the islets of Langerhans of living patients newly diagnosed with type 1...Detection of a low-grade enteroviral infection in the islets of Langerhans of living patients newly diagnosed with type 1...
FUNDING NOTICE. The Glycosmedia website and newsletter has been made possible with funding support from our sponsors. None of our sponsors have control over the content of the website, newsletter, apps, Twitter feed or RSS newsfeed.. For information about sponsorship and advertising please contact our editor-in-chief Jim Young [email protected] ...
Viral diseaseViral disease
Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitisAcute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis
PoliovirusPoliovirus
Interleucina 6, a enciclopedia libreInterleucina 6, a enciclopedia libre
PoliovirusPoliovirus
Hand, foot, and mouth diseaseHand, foot, and mouth disease
PoliomyelitisPoliomyelitis
List of infectious diseasesList of infectious diseases
Infections associated with diseasesInfections associated with diseases
Lee Ming-liangLee Ming-liang
RIGVIRRIGVIR
List of unproven and disproven cancer treatmentsList of unproven and disproven cancer treatments
Evolutionary baggageEvolutionary baggage
Tom Solomon (neurologist)Tom Solomon (neurologist)
PleconarilPleconaril
RhinovirusRhinovirus
Picornain 3CPicornain 3C
Viral meningitisViral meningitis
Transmission-based precautionsTransmission-based precautions
EnterocolitisEnterocolitis
ConjunctivitisConjunctivitis
Coxsackie B4 virusCoxsackie B4 virus
腸道病毒 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书腸道病毒 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书
MEVMEV
PicornavirusPicornavirus
SCARB2SCARB2
VirusVirus
Poliovirüs - VikipediPoliovirüs - Vikipedi
Thymidine kinaseThymidine kinase
Asthma-related microbesAsthma-related microbes
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
EnterovirusEnterovirus InfectionsEnterovirus A, HumanEnterovirus B, HumanEnteroviruses, PorcineHand, Foot and Mouth DiseaseEnterovirus D, HumanEnterovirus, BovineEchovirus InfectionsMeningitis, AsepticPoliovirusHerpanginaMeningitis, ViralCoxsackievirus InfectionsSewageVirus CultivationEchovirus 9RNA, ViralCapsid ProteinsRhinovirusPicornaviridaePicornaviridae InfectionsPhylogenyWater MicrobiologyEchovirus 6, HumanVirologyEncephalitis, ViralMolecular Sequence Data5' Untranslated RegionsParalysisSerotypingGenome, ViralCerebrospinal FluidSequence Analysis, DNAWater PollutionVirusesPoliomyelitisParechovirusFecesDisease OutbreaksConjunctivitis, Acute HemorrhagicReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionConjunctivitisAntibodies, ViralPolymerase Chain ReactionNeutralization TestsShellfishCytopathogenic Effect, ViralMyocarditisCentral Nervous System Viral DiseasesFiltrationAntigens, CD55Virus DiseasesHepatitis A virusCapsidCercopithecus aethiopsViral ProteinsViral Structural ProteinsBase SequenceMolecular EpidemiologyViral Plaque AssayIon Exchange ResinsWaste Disposal, FluidSensitivity and Specificity
Enterovirus | virus | Britannica.comEnterovirus | virus | Britannica.com
Enterovirus | Define Enterovirus at Dictionary.comEnterovirus | Define Enterovirus at Dictionary.com
enterovirus - Symptoms, Treatments and Resources for enterovirusenterovirus - Symptoms, Treatments and Resources for enterovirus
Top 5 Surfaces Enterovirus Can Strike | HealthCentralTop 5 Surfaces Enterovirus Can Strike | HealthCentral
Non-Polio Enterovirus Symptoms, Treatment & Contagious PeriodNon-Polio Enterovirus Symptoms, Treatment & Contagious Period
Second case of enterovirus confirmed in Camden CountySecond case of enterovirus confirmed in Camden County
DOH warns parents of rising number of enterovirus cases - Taipei TimesDOH warns parents of rising number of enterovirus cases - Taipei Times
Detection of Enterovirus RNA in Atheromatous Lesions - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govDetection of Enterovirus RNA in Atheromatous Lesions - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Virosensor -Based Real-time Diagnosis of Enterovirus 71 and Influenza Virus - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govVirosensor -Based Real-time Diagnosis of Enterovirus 71 and Influenza Virus - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Hepatitis y coagulopatía secundaria a infección neonatal por enterovirusHepatitis y coagulopatía secundaria a infección neonatal por enterovirus
anti-Enterovirus 71 2B antibody | GeneTexanti-Enterovirus 71 2B antibody | GeneTex
Human Enterovirus RNA in Monthly Fecal Samples and Islet Autoimmunity in Norwegian Children With High Genetic Risk for Type 1...Human Enterovirus RNA in Monthly Fecal Samples and Islet Autoimmunity in Norwegian Children With High Genetic Risk for Type 1...
Enterovirus 71 | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.orgEnterovirus 71 | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org
Enterovirus: What You Should Know About the Mystery Respiratory Virus Affecting Kids - HealthEnterovirus: What You Should Know About the Mystery Respiratory Virus Affecting Kids - Health
Sabinet | Rapid identification and typing of enterovirus isolatesSabinet | Rapid identification and typing of enterovirus isolates
Non-Polio Enterovirus | About EV-D68 | Enterovirus D68 | CDCNon-Polio Enterovirus | About EV-D68 | Enterovirus D68 | CDC
Non-Polio Enterovirus | Home | Picornavirus | CDCNon-Polio Enterovirus | Home | Picornavirus | CDC
Enterovirus D68: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaEnterovirus D68: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Enterovirus News, ResearchEnterovirus News, Research
Enterovirus 71 InfectionEnterovirus 71 Infection
EnterovirusEnterovirus
Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68): Symptoms and TreatmentEnterovirus D68 (EV-D68): Symptoms and Treatment
Respiratory Virus, Enterovirus D68, Likely Infected Thousands - ABC NewsRespiratory Virus, Enterovirus D68, Likely Infected Thousands - ABC News
Enterovirus D68Enterovirus D68
EnterovirusEnterovirus
Which physical findings are characteristic of enterovirus infection?Which physical findings are characteristic of enterovirus infection?
Enterovirus - WikipediaEnterovirus - Wikipedia
Enterovirus Infections Dwindle, But Mysteries RemainEnterovirus Infections Dwindle, But Mysteries Remain
Enterovirus D68 Infection - EpidemiologyEnterovirus D68 Infection - Epidemiology
Enterovirus D68 blamed in Michigan toddlers death | Fox NewsEnterovirus D68 blamed in Michigan toddler's death | Fox News
Type 1 diabetes linked to enterovirus infection in childrenType 1 diabetes linked to enterovirus infection in children
Enterovirus D68: 8 things parents should know | CBC NewsEnterovirus D68: 8 things parents should know | CBC News
Diagnostic test developed for enterovirus D68 | EurekAlert! Science NewsDiagnostic test developed for enterovirus D68 | EurekAlert! Science News
Type 1 diabetes linked to enterovirus infection in childrenType 1 diabetes linked to enterovirus infection in children
Enterovirus D - WikipediaEnterovirus D - Wikipedia
Michigan hospitals placed on alert for enterovirusMichigan hospitals placed on alert for enterovirus
New Evidence Strengthens Link Between Enterovirus and Acute Flaccid MyelitisNew Evidence Strengthens Link Between Enterovirus and Acute Flaccid Myelitis
Enterovirus D68: What parents need to know | BabyCenterEnterovirus D68: What parents need to know | BabyCenter
Enterovirus 71 (Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease HFMD)Enterovirus 71 (Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease HFMD)
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
EnterovirusEnterovirus InfectionsEnterovirus A, HumanEnterovirus B, HumanEnteroviruses, PorcineHand, Foot and Mouth DiseaseEnterovirus D, HumanEnterovirus, BovineEchovirus InfectionsMeningitis, AsepticPoliovirusHerpanginaMeningitis, ViralCoxsackievirus InfectionsSewageVirus CultivationEchovirus 9RNA, ViralCapsid ProteinsRhinovirusPicornaviridaePicornaviridae InfectionsPhylogenyWater MicrobiologyEchovirus 6, HumanVirologyEncephalitis, ViralMolecular Sequence Data5' Untranslated RegionsParalysisSerotypingGenome, ViralCerebrospinal FluidSequence Analysis, DNAWater PollutionVirusesPoliomyelitisParechovirusFecesDisease OutbreaksConjunctivitis, Acute HemorrhagicReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionConjunctivitisAntibodies, ViralPolymerase Chain ReactionNeutralization TestsShellfishCytopathogenic Effect, ViralMyocarditisCentral Nervous System Viral DiseasesFiltrationAntigens, CD55Virus DiseasesHepatitis A virusCapsidCercopithecus aethiopsViral ProteinsViral Structural ProteinsBase SequenceMolecular EpidemiologyViral Plaque AssayIon Exchange ResinsWaste Disposal, FluidSensitivity and Specificity
EV71InfectionInfectionsVirusesViralRhinovirusGenusOutbreakSymptomsStrainsClinicalSpeciesStrainIllnessIntestinal tractAnti-enterovirusDetect enterovirusFacilitates enterovirusRespiratory secretionsRhinovirusesVirusEbolaHumanCommonEpidemiologySpinal
EV717
Infection9
Infections4
Viruses9
Viral2
  • Other markers will be analysed secondarily: detection of enterovirus RNA in control venous samples, detection of stigmata of viral replication by immunochemistry or detection of negative RNA strands, analysis of the antibody response to enterovirus in blood, molecular typing of enteroviruses detected in the lesions… Expected benefits: This study should allow to better understand the putative involvement of enteroviruses in atherosclerosis-linked diseases. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Virosensor diagnosis４ Virosensor (structural chip-based optosensing virus probing system), which is for the rapid and sensitive detection of viral antigen in medical samples, will be used for analyzing the interaction kinetics between anti-influenza-virus (or anti-Enterovirus 71-virus) and its influenza virus antigen (or Enterovirus 71 antigen) present in patients'and normal samples. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Rhinovirus1
Genus1
Outbreak2
Symptoms4
Strains1
Clinical2
Species1
  • Recently, non-enterovirus species names were revised to remove host names (human, bovine, simian, and porcine) and replaced with the group designation (A through J) and serotype number. (rxlist.com)
Strain3
Illness3
Intestinal tract1
Anti-enterovirus1
  • Enteroviruses cause a range of human and animal diseases, some life-threatening, but there remain no licenced anti-enterovirus drugs. (jenner.ac.uk)
Detect enterovirus1
  • A multicenter study developed in collaboration with colleagues of the University Hospital of Reims (France) showed that it was frequent to detect enterovirus RNA in cardiac biopsies from patients with myocardial infarction. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Facilitates enterovirus1
  • Glutathione facilitates enterovirus assembly by binding at a druggable pocket. (jenner.ac.uk)
Respiratory secretions2
Rhinoviruses1
Virus4
  • In comparison with results from direct sequencing of Enterovirus 71 and Influenza Virus, the investigators evaluate the performance of virosensor , including reproducibility, sensitivity, specificity, and cross-reaction. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • With such technique, the investigators hope to make early diagnosis and give Enterovirus 71 and Influenza Virus patients early treatment to reduce the complications and case-fatality rate. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Unlike the flu, there is no vaccine available for enterovirus and officials say cleaning hands regularly and staying home when you are ill to protect yourself and others will help stop the circulation of the virus. (invermerevalleyecho.com)
  • Although you can develop immunity to one virus, you can still get sick with any of the other enteroviruses. (iowa.gov)
Ebola3
  • News about the resurgence of the enterovirus hasn't hit the media with the same force as news of Ebola cases. (phsponyexpress.org)
  • As hysteria about Ebola rages on, word about the Enterovirus continues to fly under the radar, despite the fact that hundreds have been diagnosed in the U.S. with enterovirus, compared to the four victims who have been diagnosed with Ebola on American soil. (phsponyexpress.org)
  • It amazes me the amount of attention Ebola receives compared to this Enterovirus," junior Daniel Czornyj said. (phsponyexpress.org)
Human2
Common1
Epidemiology1
Spinal1
  • The 88.3% rate of detection of enterovirus (EV) nucleic acids in the neuronal cell bodies within the gray matter of the spinal cord of patients with ALS strongly suggests association between persistent EV RNA and ALS. (neurology.org)
Second case of enterovirus confirmed in Camden County
Second case of enterovirus confirmed in Camden County (courierpostonline.com)
Non-Polio Enterovirus Symptoms, Treatment & Contagious Period
Non-Polio Enterovirus Symptoms, Treatment & Contagious Period (rxlist.com)
TGen News & Press Releases : Outbreak of paralyzing disease linked to non-polio enterovirus through TGen-led study
TGen News & Press Releases : Outbreak of paralyzing disease linked to non-polio enterovirus through TGen-led study (tgen.org)
Enterovirus (EV) D68 real-time RT-PCR (EV-D68-TM2018)
Enterovirus (EV) D68 real-time RT-PCR (EV-D68-TM2018) (protocols.io)
The Structure Of The Polio Virus Enterovirus Infographics Vector Illustration On Isolated Background Stock Vector Art & More...
The Structure Of The Polio Virus Enterovirus Infographics Vector Illustration On Isolated Background Stock Vector Art & More... (istockphoto.com)
Hawaii baby born with microcephaly had Zika infection - CNN
Hawaii baby born with microcephaly had Zika infection - CNN (cnn.com)
Pandemic! 10 of the Deadliest Diseases | Popular Science
Pandemic! 10 of the Deadliest Diseases | Popular Science (popsci.com)
Viral Infections and Pregnancy: Background, Clinical Presentation, Workup
Viral Infections and Pregnancy: Background, Clinical Presentation, Workup (emedicine.medscape.com)
Polio Facts on Vaccine, Symptoms, Causes, Outbreak & History
Polio Facts on Vaccine, Symptoms, Causes, Outbreak & History (medicinenet.com)
Enterovirus Surveillance --- United States, 2002--2004
Enterovirus Surveillance --- United States, 2002--2004 (cdc.gov)
Enterovirus Surveillance --- United States, 1997--1999
Enterovirus Surveillance --- United States, 1997--1999 (cdc.gov)
Enterovirus Surveillance --- United States, 1970--2005
Enterovirus Surveillance --- United States, 1970--2005 (cdc.gov)
Enterovirus Surveillance --- United States, 2000--2001
Enterovirus Surveillance --- United States, 2000--2001 (cdc.gov)
Enterovirus 71 Infection
Enterovirus 71 Infection (news-medical.net)
All You Need to Know About Foodborne Illnesses
All You Need to Know About Foodborne Illnesses (medindia.net)
Enterovirus
Enterovirus (theeconomiccollapseblog.com)
Diagnostic test developed for enterovirus D68 | EurekAlert! Science News
Diagnostic test developed for enterovirus D68 | EurekAlert! Science News (eurekalert.org)
Enterovirus News, Research
Enterovirus News, Research (news-medical.net)
Enterovirus 71 Outbreak, Brunei - Volume 15, Number 1-January 2009 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Enterovirus 71 Outbreak, Brunei - Volume 15, Number 1-January 2009 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Enterovirus and Parechovirus Surveillance - United States, 2014-2016 | MMWR
Enterovirus and Parechovirus Surveillance - United States, 2014-2016 | MMWR (cdc.gov)
Coxsackie B4 virus infection of β cells and natural killer cell insulitis in recent-onset type 1 diabetic patients | PNAS
Coxsackie B4 virus infection of β cells and natural killer cell insulitis in recent-onset type 1 diabetic patients | PNAS (pnas.org)
Enterovirus and Human Parechovirus Surveillance - United States, 2009-2013
Enterovirus and Human Parechovirus Surveillance - United States, 2009-2013 (cdc.gov)
10 Surprisingly Common Ways To Die In Your Sleep - Listverse
10 Surprisingly Common Ways To Die In Your Sleep - Listverse (listverse.com)
Collections : The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
Collections : The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal (journals.lww.com)
Respiratory Illnesses: 13 Types of Lung Infections
Respiratory Illnesses: 13 Types of Lung Infections (emedicinehealth.com)
Disrupting host protein blocks enterovirus infections in mice | National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Disrupting host protein blocks enterovirus infections in mice | National Institutes of Health (NIH) (nih.gov)
Enterovirus Infections Dwindle, But Mysteries Remain
Enterovirus Infections Dwindle, But Mysteries Remain (healthline.com)
Seroepidemiology of Human Enterovirus 71, Singapore - Volume 8, Number 9-September 2002 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal ...
Seroepidemiology of Human Enterovirus 71, Singapore - Volume 8, Number 9-September 2002 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal ... (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Figure 2 - Seroepidemiology of Human Enterovirus 71, Singapore - Volume 8, Number 9-September 2002 - Emerging Infectious...
Figure 2 - Seroepidemiology of Human Enterovirus 71, Singapore - Volume 8, Number 9-September 2002 - Emerging Infectious... (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Foot and Mouth Disease News, Research
Foot and Mouth Disease News, Research (news-medical.net)
Figure 1 - Seroepidemiology of Human Enterovirus 71, Singapore - Volume 8, Number 9-September 2002 - Emerging Infectious...
Figure 1 - Seroepidemiology of Human Enterovirus 71, Singapore - Volume 8, Number 9-September 2002 - Emerging Infectious... (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
More-powerful virus inhibitors from structure-based analysis of HEV71 capsid-binding molecules | Nature Structural & Molecular...
More-powerful virus inhibitors from structure-based analysis of HEV71 capsid-binding molecules | Nature Structural & Molecular... (nature.com)
Enteroviruses Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes
Enteroviruses Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes (emedicine.medscape.com)
Enteroviruses Follow-up: Inpatient & Outpatient Medications, Deterrence/Prevention, Complications
Enteroviruses Follow-up: Inpatient & Outpatient Medications, Deterrence/Prevention, Complications (emedicine.medscape.com)
CDC investigates kids' limb paralysis; is enterovirus to blame? | Q13 FOX News
CDC investigates kids' limb paralysis; is enterovirus to blame? | Q13 FOX News (q13fox.com)