AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation Science
Enterococcus faecalisEnterococcusEnterococcus faeciumGram-Positive Bacterial InfectionsVancomycin ResistanceAnti-Bacterial AgentsVancomycinCarbon-Oxygen LigasesBacterial ProteinsMicrobial Sensitivity TestsConjugation, GeneticGram-Positive BacteriaGentamicinsDrug Resistance, MicrobialBacteriocinsPheromonesDNA, BacterialEndocarditis, BacterialTeicoplaninPlasmidsOxazolidinonesAcetamidesDrug Resistance, BacterialGenes, BacterialBiofilmsMolecular Sequence DataAlcaligenes faecalisGene Expression Regulation, BacterialGram-Positive CocciRoot Canal IrrigantsStreptococcusDaptomycinDental Pulp CavityAmpicillin ResistanceSex AttractantsDNA Transposable ElementsGelatinasesGram-Negative BacteriaAnti-Infective AgentsGlycopeptidesBacteriaBacterial AdhesionElectrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-FieldVirginiamycinColony Count, MicrobialSodium HypochloriteSequence Analysis, DNAAmpicillinStaphylococcus aureusTetracycline ResistanceAmino Acid SequenceDental Pulp DiseasesVirulence FactorsPulpitisBacterial Typing TechniquesVirulenceBase SequenceAminoglycosidesCheeseCross InfectionMicrobial ViabilityCalcium HydroxideChlorhexidineCulture MediaPeriapical PeriodontitisPeptidoglycanStreptogramin AOperonPolymerase Chain ReactionAnti-Infective Agents, LocalFecesGene Transfer, HorizontalStreptococcaceaeLactococcusBacteremiaBacterial LoadFluoroquinolonesSerine-Type D-Ala-D-Ala CarboxypeptidaseMutagenesis, InsertionalAcetoinErythromycinEscherichia coliStreptomycinChromosomes, BacterialPenicillinsLactobacillusUrinary Tract InfectionsMultigene FamilyBacteriolysisDisk Diffusion Antimicrobial TestsRoot Canal Filling MaterialsRNA, BacterialMinocyclineMutationCephalosporinsBacitracinBacterial InfectionsNaphthyridinesLactococcus lactisN-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine AmidaseTyrosine DecarboxylaseMuramoylpentapeptide CarboxypeptidaseStaphylococcusDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialEndophthalmitisPenicillin-Binding ProteinsGenome, Bacterial
Enterococcus faecalis: A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria commonly isolated from clinical specimens and the human intestinal tract. Most strains are nonhemolytic.Enterococcus: A genus of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria consisting of organisms causing variable hemolysis that are normal flora of the intestinal tract. Previously thought to be a member of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS, it is now recognized as a separate genus.Enterococcus faecium: A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria whose organisms are normal flora of the intestinal tract. Unlike ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS, this species may produce an alpha-hemolytic reaction on blood agar and is unable to utilize pyruvic acid as an energy source.Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections: Infections caused by bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain (positive) when treated by the gram-staining method.Vancomycin Resistance: Nonsusceptibility of bacteria to the action of VANCOMYCIN, an inhibitor of cell wall synthesis.Anti-Bacterial Agents: Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.Carbon-Oxygen Ligases: Enzymes that catalyze the joining of two molecules by the formation of a carbon-oxygen bond. EC 6.1.Bacterial Proteins: Proteins found in any species of bacterium.Microbial Sensitivity Tests: Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses).Conjugation, Genetic: A parasexual process in BACTERIA; ALGAE; FUNGI; and ciliate EUKARYOTA for achieving exchange of chromosome material during fusion of two cells. In bacteria, this is a uni-directional transfer of genetic material; in protozoa it is a bi-directional exchange. In algae and fungi, it is a form of sexual reproduction, with the union of male and female gametes.Gram-Positive Bacteria: Bacteria which retain the crystal violet stain when treated by Gram's method.Gentamicins: A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS.Drug Resistance, Microbial: The ability of microorganisms, especially bacteria, to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).Bacteriocins: Substances elaborated by specific strains of bacteria that are lethal against other strains of the same or related species. They are protein or lipopolysaccharide-protein complexes used in taxonomy studies of bacteria.Pheromones: Chemical substances, excreted by an organism into the environment, that elicit behavioral or physiological responses from other organisms of the same species. Perception of these chemical signals may be olfactory or by contact.DNA, Bacterial: Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.Endocarditis, Bacterial: Inflammation of the ENDOCARDIUM caused by BACTERIA that entered the bloodstream. The strains of bacteria vary with predisposing factors, such as CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; HEART VALVE DISEASES; HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; or intravenous drug use.Teicoplanin: Glycopeptide antibiotic complex from Actinoplanes teichomyceticus active against gram-positive bacteria. It consists of five major components each with a different fatty acid moiety.Plasmids: Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.Oxazolidinones: Derivatives of oxazolidin-2-one. They represent an important class of synthetic antibiotic agents.Acetamides: Derivatives of acetamide that are used as solvents, as mild irritants, and in organic synthesis.Drug Resistance, Bacterial: The ability of bacteria to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).Genes, Bacterial: The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.Biofilms: Encrustations, formed from microbes (bacteria, algae, fungi, plankton, or protozoa) embedding in extracellular polymers, that adhere to surfaces such as teeth (DENTAL DEPOSITS); PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; and catheters. Biofilms are prevented from forming by treating surfaces with DENTIFRICES; DISINFECTANTS; ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS; and antifouling agents.Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.Alcaligenes faecalis: The type species of gram negative bacteria in the genus ALCALIGENES, found in soil. It is non-pathogenic, non-pigmented, and used for the production of amino acids.Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial: Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria.Gram-Positive Cocci: Coccus-shaped bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain when treated by Gram's method.Root Canal Irrigants: Chemicals used mainly to disinfect root canals after pulpectomy and before obturation. The major ones are camphorated monochlorophenol, EDTA, formocresol, hydrogen peroxide, metacresylacetate, and sodium hypochlorite. Root canal irrigants include also rinsing solutions of distilled water, sodium chloride, etc.Streptococcus: A genus of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria whose organisms occur in pairs or chains. No endospores are produced. Many species exist as commensals or parasites on man or animals with some being highly pathogenic. A few species are saprophytes and occur in the natural environment.Daptomycin: A cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic that inhibits GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA.Dental Pulp Cavity: The space in a tooth bounded by the dentin and containing the dental pulp. The portion of the cavity within the crown of the tooth is the pulp chamber; the portion within the root is the pulp canal or root canal.Ampicillin Resistance: Nonsusceptibility of a microbe to the action of ampicillin, a penicillin derivative that interferes with cell wall synthesis.Sex Attractants: Pheromones that elicit sexual attraction or mating behavior usually in members of the opposite sex in the same species.DNA Transposable Elements: Discrete segments of DNA which can excise and reintegrate to another site in the genome. Most are inactive, i.e., have not been found to exist outside the integrated state. DNA transposable elements include bacterial IS (insertion sequence) elements, Tn elements, the maize controlling elements Ac and Ds, Drosophila P, gypsy, and pogo elements, the human Tigger elements and the Tc and mariner elements which are found throughout the animal kingdom.Gelatinases: A class of enzymes that catalyzes the degradation of gelatin by acting on the peptide bonds. EC 3.4.24.-.Gram-Negative Bacteria: Bacteria which lose crystal violet stain but are stained pink when treated by Gram's method.Anti-Infective Agents: Substances that prevent infectious agents or organisms from spreading or kill infectious agents in order to prevent the spread of infection.Glycopeptides: Proteins which contain carbohydrate groups attached covalently to the polypeptide chain. The protein moiety is the predominant group with the carbohydrate making up only a small percentage of the total weight.Bacteria: One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.Bacterial Adhesion: Physicochemical property of fimbriated (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL) and non-fimbriated bacteria of attaching to cells, tissue, and nonbiological surfaces. It is a factor in bacterial colonization and pathogenicity.Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field: Gel electrophoresis in which the direction of the electric field is changed periodically. This technique is similar to other electrophoretic methods normally used to separate double-stranded DNA molecules ranging in size up to tens of thousands of base-pairs. However, by alternating the electric field direction one is able to separate DNA molecules up to several million base-pairs in length.Virginiamycin: A cyclic polypeptide antibiotic complex from Streptomyces virginiae, S. loidensis, S. mitakaensis, S. pristina-spiralis, S. ostreogriseus, and others. It consists of 2 major components, VIRGINIAMYCIN FACTOR M1 and virginiamycin Factor S1. It is used to treat infections with gram-positive organisms and as a growth promoter in cattle, swine, and poultry.Colony Count, Microbial: Enumeration by direct count of viable, isolated bacterial, archaeal, or fungal CELLS or SPORES capable of growth on solid CULTURE MEDIA. The method is used routinely by environmental microbiologists for quantifying organisms in AIR; FOOD; and WATER; by clinicians for measuring patients' microbial load; and in antimicrobial drug testing.Sodium Hypochlorite: It is used as an oxidizing and bleaching agent and as a disinfectant. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Sequence Analysis, DNA: A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.Staphylococcus aureus: Potentially pathogenic bacteria found in nasal membranes, skin, hair follicles, and perineum of warm-blooded animals. They may cause a wide range of infections and intoxications.Tetracycline Resistance: Nonsusceptibility of bacteria to the action of TETRACYCLINE which inhibits aminoacyl-tRNA binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit during protein synthesis.Amino Acid Sequence: The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.Dental Pulp Diseases: Endodontic diseases of the DENTAL PULP inside the tooth, which is distinguished from PERIAPICAL DISEASES of the tissue surrounding the root.Virulence Factors: Those components of an organism that determine its capacity to cause disease but are not required for its viability per se. Two classes have been characterized: TOXINS, BIOLOGICAL and surface adhesion molecules that effect the ability of the microorganism to invade and colonize a host. (From Davis et al., Microbiology, 4th ed. p486)Pulpitis: Inflammation of the DENTAL PULP, usually due to bacterial infection in dental caries, tooth fracture, or other conditions causing exposure of the pulp to bacterial invasion. Chemical irritants, thermal factors, hyperemic changes, and other factors may also cause pulpitis.Bacterial Typing Techniques: Procedures for identifying types and strains of bacteria. The most frequently employed typing systems are BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING and SEROTYPING as well as bacteriocin typing and biotyping.Virulence: The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.Base Sequence: The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.Aminoglycosides: Glycosylated compounds in which there is an amino substituent on the glycoside. Some of them are clinically important ANTIBIOTICS.Cheese: A nutritious food consisting primarily of the curd or the semisolid substance formed when milk coagulates.Cross Infection: Any infection which a patient contracts in a health-care institution.Microbial Viability: Ability of a microbe to survive under given conditions. This can also be related to a colony's ability to replicate.Calcium Hydroxide: A white powder prepared from lime that has many medical and industrial uses. It is in many dental formulations, especially for root canal filling.Chlorhexidine: A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.Culture Media: Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.Periapical Periodontitis: Inflammation of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE. It includes general, unspecified, or acute nonsuppurative inflammation. Chronic nonsuppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA. Suppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL ABSCESS.PeptidoglycanStreptogramin A: A specific streptogramin group A antibiotic produced by Streptomyces graminofaciens and other bacteria.Operon: In bacteria, a group of metabolically related genes, with a common promoter, whose transcription into a single polycistronic MESSENGER RNA is under the control of an OPERATOR REGION.Polymerase Chain Reaction: In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.Anti-Infective Agents, Local: Substances used on humans and other animals that destroy harmful microorganisms or inhibit their activity. They are distinguished from DISINFECTANTS, which are used on inanimate objects.Feces: Excrement from the INTESTINES, containing unabsorbed solids, waste products, secretions, and BACTERIA of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.Gene Transfer, Horizontal: The naturally occurring transmission of genetic information between organisms, related or unrelated, circumventing parent-to-offspring transmission. Horizontal gene transfer may occur via a variety of naturally occurring processes such as GENETIC CONJUGATION; GENETIC TRANSDUCTION; and TRANSFECTION. It may result in a change of the recipient organism's genetic composition (TRANSFORMATION, GENETIC).Streptococcaceae: A family of gram-positive non-sporing bacteria including many parasitic, pathogenic, and saprophytic forms.Lactococcus: A genus of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria mainly isolated from milk and milk products. These bacteria are also found in plants and nonsterile frozen and dry foods. Previously thought to be a member of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS (group N), it is now recognized as a separate genus.Bacteremia: The presence of viable bacteria circulating in the blood. Fever, chills, tachycardia, and tachypnea are common acute manifestations of bacteremia. The majority of cases are seen in already hospitalized patients, most of whom have underlying diseases or procedures which render their bloodstreams susceptible to invasion.Bacterial Load: Measurable quantity of bacteria in an object, organism, or organism compartment.Fluoroquinolones: A group of QUINOLONES with at least one fluorine atom and a piperazinyl group.Serine-Type D-Ala-D-Ala Carboxypeptidase: A carboxypeptidase that is specific for proteins that contain two ALANINE residues on their C-terminal. Enzymes in this class play an important role in bacterial CELL WALL biosynthesis.Mutagenesis, Insertional: Mutagenesis where the mutation is caused by the introduction of foreign DNA sequences into a gene or extragenic sequence. This may occur spontaneously in vivo or be experimentally induced in vivo or in vitro. Proviral DNA insertions into or adjacent to a cellular proto-oncogene can interrupt GENETIC TRANSLATION of the coding sequences or interfere with recognition of regulatory elements and cause unregulated expression of the proto-oncogene resulting in tumor formation.Acetoin: A product of fermentation. It is a component of the butanediol cycle in microorganisms. In mammals it is oxidized to carbon dioxide.Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.Escherichia coli: A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.Streptomycin: An antibiotic produced by the soil actinomycete Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting the initiation and elongation processes during protein synthesis.Chromosomes, Bacterial: Structures within the nucleus of bacterial cells consisting of or containing DNA, which carry genetic information essential to the cell.Penicillins: A group of antibiotics that contain 6-aminopenicillanic acid with a side chain attached to the 6-amino group. The penicillin nucleus is the chief structural requirement for biological activity. The side-chain structure determines many of the antibacterial and pharmacological characteristics. (Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1065)Lactobacillus: A genus of gram-positive, microaerophilic, rod-shaped bacteria occurring widely in nature. Its species are also part of the many normal flora of the mouth, intestinal tract, and vagina of many mammals, including humans. Pathogenicity from this genus is rare.Urinary Tract Infections: Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA.Multigene Family: A set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene. Such genes may be clustered together on the same chromosome or dispersed on different chromosomes. Examples of multigene families include those that encode the hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, histocompatibility antigens, actins, tubulins, keratins, collagens, heat shock proteins, salivary glue proteins, chorion proteins, cuticle proteins, yolk proteins, and phaseolins, as well as histones, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes. The latter three are examples of reiterated genes, where hundreds of identical genes are present in a tandem array. (King & Stanfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)Bacteriolysis: Rupture of bacterial cells due to mechanical force, chemical action, or the lytic growth of BACTERIOPHAGES.Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests: A method where a culturing surface inoculated with microbe is exposed to small disks containing known amounts of a chemical agent resulting in a zone of inhibition (usually in millimeters) of growth of the microbe corresponding to the susceptibility of the strain to the agent.Root Canal Filling Materials: Materials placed inside a root canal for the purpose of obturating or sealing it. The materials may be gutta-percha, silver cones, paste mixtures, or other substances. (Dorland, 28th ed, p631 & Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p187)RNA, Bacterial: Ribonucleic acid in bacteria having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.Minocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.Mutation: Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.Cephalosporins: A group of broad-spectrum antibiotics first isolated from the Mediterranean fungus ACREMONIUM. They contain the beta-lactam moiety thia-azabicyclo-octenecarboxylic acid also called 7-aminocephalosporanic acid.Bacitracin: A complex of cyclic peptide antibiotics produced by the Tracy-I strain of Bacillus subtilis. The commercial preparation is a mixture of at least nine bacitracins with bacitracin A as the major constituent. It is used topically to treat open infections such as infected eczema and infected dermal ulcers. (From Goodman and Gilman, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1140)Bacterial Infections: Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified.NaphthyridinesLactococcus lactis: A non-pathogenic species of LACTOCOCCUS found in DAIRY PRODUCTS and responsible for the souring of MILK and the production of LACTIC ACID.N-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine Amidase: An autolytic enzyme bound to the surface of bacterial cell walls. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in certain cell wall glycopeptides, particularly peptidoglycan. EC 3.5.1.28.Tyrosine Decarboxylase: A pyridoxal-phosphate protein that catalyzes the conversion of L-tyrosine to tyramine and carbon dioxide. The bacterial enzyme also acts on 3-hydroxytyrosine and, more slowly, on 3-hydroxyphenylalanine. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 4.1.1.25.Muramoylpentapeptide Carboxypeptidase: Enzyme which catalyzes the peptide cross-linking of nascent CELL WALL; PEPTIDOGLYCAN.Staphylococcus: A genus of gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, coccoid bacteria. Its organisms occur singly, in pairs, and in tetrads and characteristically divide in more than one plane to form irregular clusters. Natural populations of Staphylococcus are found on the skin and mucous membranes of warm-blooded animals. Some species are opportunistic pathogens of humans and animals.Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial: The ability of bacteria to resist or to become tolerant to several structurally and functionally distinct drugs simultaneously. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).Endophthalmitis: Suppurative inflammation of the tissues of the internal structures of the eye frequently associated with an infection.Penicillin-Binding Proteins: Bacterial proteins that share the property of binding irreversibly to PENICILLINS and other ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS derived from LACTAMS. The penicillin-binding proteins are primarily enzymes involved in CELL WALL biosynthesis including MURAMOYLPENTAPEPTIDE CARBOXYPEPTIDASE; PEPTIDE SYNTHASES; TRANSPEPTIDASES; and HEXOSYLTRANSFERASES.Genome, Bacterial: The genetic complement of a BACTERIA as represented in its DNA.

Effects of dispersed recreational activities on the microbiological quality of forest surface water. (1/2300)

The microbiological quality of forest surface waters in the Greenwater River watershed was examined to investigate the influence of heavy motorized camping in an area with no sanitary facilities. Indicator densities increased during weekend human-use periods when compared to weekdays. Increases in indicator densities were also noted downstream from heavily used camping areas when compared to upstream sites. Seasonal, weekly, and diurnal fluctuations in indicator densities were observed. This study suggests that potential health hazards exist in this watershed during periods of human use.  (+info)

Isolation and chemical characterization of a capsular polysaccharide antigen shared by clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. (2/2300)

Enterococci are a common cause of serious infections, especially in newborns, severely immunocompromised patients, and patients requiring intensive care. To characterize enterococcal surface antigens that are targets of opsonic antibodies, rabbits were immunized with various gentamicin-killed Enterococcus faecalis strains, and immune sera were tested in an opsonophagocytic assay against a selection of clinical isolates. Serum raised against one strain killed the homologous strain (12030) at a dilution of 1:5,120 and mediated opsonic killing of 33% of all strains tested. In addition, this serum killed two (28%) of seven vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium strains. Adsorption of sera with the homologous strain eliminated killing activity. The adsorbing antigens were resistant to treatment with proteinase K and to boiling for 1 h, but were susceptible to treatment with sodium periodate, indicating that the antigen inducing opsonic activity is a polysaccharide. Antibodies in immune rabbit sera reacted with a capsule-like structure visualized by electron microscopy both on the homologous E. faecalis strain and on a vancomycin-resistant E. faecium strain. The capsular polysaccharides from E. faecalis 12030 and E. faecium 838970 were purified, and chemical and structural analyses indicated they were identical glycerol teichoic acid-like molecules with a carbohydrate backbone structure of 6-alpha-D-glucose-1-2 glycerol-3-PO4 with substitution on carbon 2 of the glucose with an alpha-2-1-D-glucose residue. The purified antigen adsorbed opsonic killing activity from immune rabbit sera and elicited high titers of antibodies (when used to immunize rabbits) that both mediated opsonic killing of bacteria and bound to a capsule-like structure visualized by electron microscopy. These results indicate that approximately one-third of a sample of 15 E. faecalis strains and 7 vancomycin-resistant E. faecium strains possess shared capsular polysaccharides that are targets of opsonophagocytic antibodies and therefore are potential vaccine candidates.  (+info)

A new hydrolase specific for taurine-conjugates of bile acids. (3/2300)

Through the investigation of the bile acid-deconjugation activities of human intestinal anaerobes, a new enzyme was discovered in Peptostreptococcus intermedius which hydrolyzed specifically the taurine-conjugates, but not the glycine-conjugates of bile acids. However, the enzymes in Streptococcus faecalis and Lactobacillus brevis hydrolyzed chiefly the glycine-conjugates.  (+info)

Two-step acquisition of resistance to the teicoplanin-gentamicin combination by VanB-type Enterococcus faecalis in vitro and in experimental endocarditis. (4/2300)

The activity of vancomycin and teicoplanin combined with gentamicin was investigated in vitro against strains of Enterococcus faecalis resistant to vancomycin and susceptible to teicoplanin (VanB type) and against mutants that had acquired resistance to teicoplanin by three different mechanisms. In vitro, gentamicin selected mutants with two- to sixfold increases in the level of resistance to this antibiotic at frequencies of 10(-6) to 10(-7). Teicoplanin selected teicoplanin-resistant mutants at similar frequencies. Both mutations were required to abolish the activity of the gentamicin-teicoplanin combination. As expected, simultaneous acquisition of the two types of mutations was not observed. In therapy with gentamicin or teicoplanin alone, each selected mutants in three of seven rabbits with aortic endocarditis due to VanB-type E. faecalis BM4275. The vancomycin-gentamicin combination selected mutants that were resistant to gentamicin and to the combination. In contrast, the teicoplanin-gentamicin regimen prevented the emergence of mutants resistant to one or both components of the combination. These results suggest that two mutations are also required to suppress the in vivo activity of the teicoplanin-gentamicin combination.  (+info)

Efficacy of ampicillin plus ceftriaxone in treatment of experimental endocarditis due to Enterococcus faecalis strains highly resistant to aminoglycosides. (5/2300)

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the in vitro possibilities of ampicillin-ceftriaxone combinations for 10 Enterococcus faecalis strains with high-level resistance to aminoglycosides (HLRAg) and to assess the efficacy of ampicillin plus ceftriaxone, both administered with humanlike pharmacokinetics, for the treatment of experimental endocarditis due to HLRAg E. faecalis. A reduction of 1 to 4 dilutions in MICs of ampicillin was obtained when ampicillin was combined with a fixed subinhibitory ceftriaxone concentration of 4 micrograms/ml. This potentiating effect was also observed by the double disk method with all 10 strains. Time-kill studies performed with 1 and 2 micrograms of ampicillin alone per ml or in combination with 5, 10, 20, 40, and 60 micrograms of ceftriaxone per ml showed a > or = 2 log10 reduction in CFU per milliliter with respect to ampicillin alone and to the initial inoculum for all 10 E. faecalis strains studied. This effect was obtained for seven strains with the combination of 2 micrograms of ampicillin per ml plus 10 micrograms of ceftriaxone per ml and for six strains with 5 micrograms of ceftriaxone per ml. Animals with catheter-induced endocarditis were infected intravenously with 10(8) CFU of E. faecalis V48 or 10(5) CFU of E. faecalis V45 and were treated for 3 days with humanlike pharmacokinetics of 2 g of ampicillin every 4 h, alone or combined with 2 g of ceftriaxone every 12 h. The levels in serum and the pharmacokinetic parameters of the humanlike pharmacokinetics of ampicillin or ceftriaxone in rabbits were similar to those found in humans treated with 2 g of ampicillin or ceftriaxone intravenously. Results of the therapy for experimental endocarditis caused by E. faecalis V48 or V45 showed that the residual bacterial titers in aortic valve vegetations were significantly lower in the animals treated with the combinations of ampicillin plus ceftriaxone than in those treated with ampicillin alone (P < 0.001). The combination of ampicillin and ceftriaxone showed in vitro and in vivo synergism against HLRAg E. faecalis.  (+info)

The osmoprotectant glycine betaine inhibits salt-induced cross-tolerance towards lethal treatment in Enterococcus faecalis. (6/2300)

The response of Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 19433 to salt stress has been characterized previously in complex media. In this report, it has been demonstrated that this bacterium actively accumulates the osmoprotectant glycine betaine (GB) from salt-enriched complex medium BHI. To further understand the specific effects of GB and other osmoprotective compounds in salt adaptation and salt-induced cross-tolerance to lethal challenges, a chemically defined medium lacking putative osmoprotectants was used. In this medium, bacterial growth was significantly reduced by increasing concentrations of NaCl. At 0.75 M NaCl, 90% inhibition of the growth rate was observed; GB and its structural analogues restored growth to the non-salt-stressed level. In contrast, proline, pipecolate and ectoine did not allow growth recovery of stressed cells. Kinetic studies showed that the uptake of betaines shows strong structural specificity and occurs through a salt-stress-inducible high-affinity porter [Km = 3.3 microM; Vmax = 130 nmol min(-1) (mg protein)(-1); the uptake activity increased 400-fold in the presence of 0.5 M NaCl]. Moreover, GB and its analogues were accumulated as non-metabolizable cytosolic osmolytes and reached intracellular levels ranging from 1-3 to 1.5 micromol (mg protein)(-1). In contrast to the beneficial effect of GB on the growth of salt-stressed cultures of E. faecalis, its accumulation inhibits the salt-induced cross-tolerance to a heterologous lethal challenge. Indeed, pretreatment of bacterial cells with 0.5 M NaCl induced resistance to 0.3% bile salts (survival of adapted cells increased by a factor of 6800). The presence of GB in the adaptation medium reduced the acquisition of bile salts resistance 680-fold. The synthesis of 11 of the 13 proteins induced during salt adaptation was significantly reduced in the presence of GB. These results raise questions about the actual beneficial effect of GB in natural environments where bacteria are often subjected to various stresses.  (+info)

Microbiological and inflammatory effects of murine recombinant interleukin-10 in two models of polymicrobial peritonitis in rats. (7/2300)

A protective effect of interleukin-10 (IL-10) against the development of lethal shock has been demonstrated in various animal models. In contrast, the immunosuppressant properties of this mediator have been minimally evaluated in low-mortality models of infections. The clinical, microbiological, and inflammatory effects of murine recombinant IL-10 (mrIL-10) therapy were evaluated in two models of peritonitis in rats, which differed in the degree of severity of peritoneal inflammation 3 days after inoculation of Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis with or without Enterococcus faecalis. The severity of the disease remained unchanged compared to that in control animals. A dose-related decrease in the peritoneal phagocyte count was observed in the treated groups compared to the counts in control animals. The subsequent experiments were performed exclusively in the mixed gram-positive-gram negative model, which exhibits an intense and prolonged inflammatory response with similar criteria. The early effects of mrIL-10 (evaluated 6 h after inoculation), repeated injections of mrIL-10 (four doses injected from 0 to 9 h after bacterial challenge), and pretreatment (two doses injected 6 and 3 h before inoculation) were evaluated. The clinical and microbiological parameters remained unchanged in the treated animals. Decreases in the peritoneal phagocyte count and the peritoneal concentration of tumor necrosis factor were observed following repeated injections of mrIL-10. In summary, our data suggest that mrIL-10 does not worsen the manifestations of sepsis. However, these results need to be confirmed in clinical practice.  (+info)

Isolation of Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates that efficiently adhere to human bladder carcinoma T24 cells and inhibition of adhesion by fibronectin and trypsin treatment. (8/2300)

The adherence of Enterococcus faecalis strains to human T24 cells was examined by scanning electron microscopy. Five highly adhesive strains were identified from 30 strains isolated from the urine of patients with urinary tract infections. No efficiently adhesive strains were found among the 30 strains isolated from the feces of healthy students. The five isolated strains also adhered efficiently to human bladder epithelial cells. Analysis of restriction endonuclease-digested plasmid DNAs and chromosome DNAs showed that the five strains were different strains isolated from different patients. The adhesiveness of these strains was inhibited by treatment with fibronectin or trypsin, implying that a specific protein (adhesin) on the bacterial cell surface mediates adherence to fibronectin on the host cell surfaces, and the adhesin differs from the reported adhesins.  (+info)

The Impact of Genome Defense Systems on Antibiotic Resistance Dissemination in the Opportunistic Pathogen Enterococcus faecalisThe Impact of Genome Defense Systems on Antibiotic Resistance Dissemination in the Opportunistic Pathogen Enterococcus faecalis
Since the advent of the modern antibiotic era there has been an increasing number of bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics. The growing antibiotic resistance and the lack in development of new antibiotics poses a serious public health threat worldwide. One of the first steps to combat this problem is to understand the molecular details associated with antibiotic resistance. Enterococcus faecalis is one of the most common causes of healthcare associated infections (HAI). E. faecalis is an opportunistic pathogen that normally resides in the gastrointestinal (GI) tracts of humans and other animals. This bacterium possesses intrinsic antibiotic resistance and can also acquire resistance to other antibiotics through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Some multi-drug resistant (MDR) E. faecalis strain have acquired resistance vancomycin, an antibiotic of last-resort, leaving very few treatment options. It has been shown that MDR E. faecalis have expanded genomes enriched with mobile genetic elements ...
Wide Distribution of Virulence Genes among Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis Clinical IsolatesWide Distribution of Virulence Genes among Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis Clinical Isolates
|i|Enterococcus|/i|, a Gram-positive facultative anaerobic cocci belonging to the lactic acid bacteria of the phylum Firmicutes, is known to be able to resist a wide range of hostile conditions such as different pH levels, high concentration of NaCl (6.5%), and the extended temperatures between 5°C and 65°C. Despite being the third most common nosocomial pathogen, our understanding on its virulence factors is still poorly understood. The current study was aimed to determine the prevalence of different virulence genes in |i|Enterococcus faecalis|/i| and |i|Enterococcus faecium|/i|. For this purpose, 79 clinical isolates of Malaysian enterococci were evaluated for the presence of virulence genes. |i|pilB, fms8, efaAfm|/i|, and |i|sgrA|/i| genes are prevalent in all clinical isolates. In conclusion, the pathogenicity of |i|E. faecalis|/i| and |i|E. faecium|/i| could be associated with different virulence factors and these genes are widely distributed among the enterococcal species.
AID 67253 - In vitro antibacterial activity against vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VanA, BM4166) - PubChemAID 67253 - In vitro antibacterial activity against vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VanA, BM4166) - PubChem
BioAssay record AID 67253 submitted by ChEMBL: In vitro antibacterial activity against vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VanA, BM4166).
Molecular characterization and multilaboratory evaluation of Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299 for quality control of screening...Molecular characterization and multilaboratory evaluation of Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299 for quality control of screening...
Molecular characterization and multilaboratory evaluation of Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299 for quality control of screening tests for vancomycin and high-level aminoglycoside resistance in enterococci.
Enterococcus faecalis bearing aggregation substance is resistant to killing by human neutrophils despite phagocytosis and...Enterococcus faecalis bearing aggregation substance is resistant to killing by human neutrophils despite phagocytosis and...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Enterococcus faecalis bearing aggregation substance is resistant to killing by human neutrophils despite phagocytosis and neutrophil activation. AU - Rakita, Robert M.. AU - Vanek, Natalie N.. AU - Jacques-Palaz, Karen. AU - Mee, Mee. AU - Mariscalco, M. Michele. AU - Dunny, Gary M.. AU - Snuggs, Mark. AU - Van Winkle, W. Barry. AU - Simon, Scott I.. PY - 1999/11. Y1 - 1999/11. N2 - Enterococcus faecalis aggregation substance (AS) mediates efficient bacterium-bacterium contact to facilitate plasmid exchange as part of a bacterial sex pheromone system. We have previously determined that AS promotes direct, opsonin-independent binding of E. faecalis to human neutrophils (PMNs) via complement receptor type 3 and other receptors on the PMN surface. We have now examined the functional consequences of this bacterium-host cell interaction. AS-bearing E. faecalis was phagocytosed and internalized by PMNs, as determined by deconvolution fluorescence microscopy. However, these bacteria ...
AID 300437 - Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution test - PubChemAID 300437 - Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution test - PubChem
BioAssay record AID 300437 submitted by ChEMBL: Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution test.
Expresión del gen esp (enterococcus surface protein) de enterococcus faecalis en un modelo in vitro de dientes extraídosExpresión del gen esp (enterococcus surface protein) de enterococcus faecalis en un modelo in vitro de dientes extraídos
COVO MORALES, E.; DIAZ CABALLERO, A. e SIMANCAS PALLARES, M.. Gene expression esp (enterococcus surface protein) of enterococcus faecalis in an in vitro model of extracted teeth. Av Odontoestomatol [online]. 2016, vol.32, n.4, pp.195-204. ISSN 2340-3152.. Objective: To determine the presence and expression of Enterococcus faecalis Esp gene in several strains from an in vitro model on extracted teeth. Methods: An in vitro system was designed to evaluate the biofilm formation through fluorescence microscopy and gene expression that could be associated to biofilm formation. The system consisted of a previously extracted human tooth that was cut and prepared to provide by means of its root canal, an adequate surface for biofilm formation on behalf of Enterococcus faecalis. The system disposed an anaerobe chamber that allowed the growth of bacteria in broth culture and avoided contamination with other microorganisms. This chamber consisted of a sterile micro centrifuge tube, which was cut and united ...
Frontiers | Characteristics of and Virulence Factors Associated with Biofilm Formation in Clinical Enterococcus faecalis...Frontiers | Characteristics of and Virulence Factors Associated with Biofilm Formation in Clinical Enterococcus faecalis...
Enterococcus faecalis biofilm traits and distribution characteristics in China have not been clarified. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and characteristics of E. faecalis biofilm formation in a sample of clinical isolates and to explore the virulence factors associated with biofilm formation in those isolates. A total of 265 E. faecalis isolates were collected from patients in Shenzhen, China. Virulence genes were detected within the genomes of the microbes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The isolates were subjected to multilocus sequence typing (MLST) based on housekeeping genes. Biofilms were detected by crystal violet staining. The expression levels of the clinical E. faecalis isolates genes were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The prevalence of biofilm formation among E. faecalis clinical isolates was 47.2%. MLST yielded 44 different sequence types (STs). The main STs were ST16 and ST179; the ST16 isolates were more likely to form strong or medium
Enterococcus faecalis (Andrewes and Horder) Schleifer and Kilpper-BalzEnterococcus faecalis (Andrewes and Horder) Schleifer and Kilpper-Balz
Enterococcus faecalis ATCC ® 700802D-5™ Designation: Genomic DNA from Enterococcus faecalis Strain V583 TypeStrain=False Application:
Datapunk | SUBSTRATA Substrata: Enterococcus faecalisDatapunk | SUBSTRATA Substrata: Enterococcus faecalis
Enterococcus faecalis - formerly classified as part of the group D Streptococcus system - is a Gram-positive, commensal bacterium inhabiting the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and other mammals. Like other species in the genus Enterococcus, E. faecalis can cause life-threatening infections in humans, especially in the nosocomial (hospital) environment, where the naturally high levels of antibiotic resistance found in E. faecalis contribute to its pathogenicity. E. faecalis has been frequently found in root canal-treated teeth in prevalence values ranging from 30% to 90% of the cases. Root canal-treated teeth are about nine times more likely to harbor E. faecalis than cases of primary infections. E. faecalis is a nonmotile microbe; it ferments glucose without gas production, and does not produce a catalase reaction with hydrogen peroxide. It can produce a pseudocatalase reaction if grown on blood agar. The reaction is usually weak. It produces a reduction of litmus milk, but does not liquefy ...
Analysis of a Gene Cluster of Enterococcus faecalis Involved in Polysaccharide Biosynthesis | Infection and ImmunityAnalysis of a Gene Cluster of Enterococcus faecalis Involved in Polysaccharide Biosynthesis | Infection and Immunity
Previously, we described a gene cluster of Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF that produced an antigenic polysaccharide when cloned in Escherichia coli. The polysaccharide antigen was not detectable in E. faecalis strains, however. Here, we show by reverse transcriptase-PCR that the 16 genes in this region are transcribed in OG1RF. Gene disruption of orfde4, encoding a putative glycosyl transferase, and orfde6, a putative dTDP-rhamnose biosynthesis gene, generated two OG1RF mutants. The mutants showed delayed killing and a higher 50% lethal dose in a mouse peritonitis model. In addition, two mucoid E. faecalisisolates from patients with chronic urinary tract infections were found to produce the polysaccharide antigen. ...
Incidence of hemolysin, gelatinase, and aggregation substance among enterococci isolated from patients with endocarditis and...Incidence of hemolysin, gelatinase, and aggregation substance among enterococci isolated from patients with endocarditis and...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Incidence of hemolysin, gelatinase, and aggregation substance among enterococci isolated from patients with endocarditis and other infections and from feces of hospitalized and community-based persons. AU - Coque, Teresa M.. AU - Patterson, Jan E.. AU - Steckelberg, James M.. AU - Murray, Barbara E.. PY - 1995/5. Y1 - 1995/5. N2 - The presence of hemolysin, gelatinase, and aggregation substance (by use of a probe known to hybridize to most pheromone-responsive plasmids) was determined in 192 isolates of Enterococcus faecalis from patients with endocarditis or other infections and fecal isolates from hospitalized patients or healthy volunteers, and in 86 non-E. faecalis isolates. Hemolysin was more common in nonendocarditis clinical isolates and in hospital fecal isolates (37% and 31%, respectively) than among endocarditis and community fecal isolates (16% and 20%, respectively). Gelatinase and aggregation substance, respectively, were found in 54% and 52% of isolates from ...
Transmission and genetic diversity of Enterococcus faecalis among layer chickens during hatch - DTU OrbitTransmission and genetic diversity of Enterococcus faecalis among layer chickens during hatch - DTU Orbit
BACKGROUND: Studies on transmission of Enterococcus faecalis among chickens during hatch have not been carried out so far. Information about vertical transmission and subsequent spreading and colonization of the cloacal mucosa through cloacal drinking during hatch are important to understand the epidemiology of E. faecalis infections. In the present investigation vertical transmission and subsequent spreading and colonization of the cloacal mucosa of chickens by E. faecalis through cloacal drinking were examined. METHODS: Two different batches of layer chickens originating from 45 weeks old Brown and White Lohmann parents, respectively from the same farm were sampled in the hatcher. Isolates were confirmed to be E. faecalis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and further by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to state their population structure and comparison made to sequence types previously obtained from chicken. RESULTS: A total of 480 chickens were swabbed from the cloacae just after hatch ...
Immunological Characterization of Pheromone-induced Proteins Associated with Sexual Aggregation in Enterococcus faecalis<...Immunological Characterization of Pheromone-induced Proteins Associated with Sexual Aggregation in Enterococcus faecalis<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Immunological Characterization of Pheromone-induced Proteins Associated with Sexual Aggregation in Enterococcus faecalis. AU - Nakayama, Jiro. AU - Watarai, Hiroshi. AU - Isogai, Akira. AU - Suzuki, Akinori. PY - 1992/1/1. Y1 - 1992/1/1. N2 - Sexual aggregation involved in conjugative transfer of the Enterococcus faecalis plasmids pPDl and pADl is enhanced by sex pheromones cPDl and cADl, respectively, which are excreted from recipient cells. PD78 (78kDa) and AD74 (74kDa) were detectable on the surface of donors harboring pPDl and pAD1, respectively, at the time of cell aggregation. The proteins PD78 and AD74 were purified and used to raise anti-PD78 and anti-AD74 antibodies. The antibodies blocked the sexual aggregation and the plasmid transfer. Anti-AD74 antibody reacted to both 153 kDa proteins extracted from cPDl and cADl-induced donor cells after lysozyme digestion of cell wall. Pheromone-induced synthesis of PD78 and AD74, when both plasmids were present in the same cell, ...
How Enterococcus faecalis bacteria causes antibiotic resistant infection | Happy StageHow Enterococcus faecalis bacteria causes antibiotic resistant infection | Happy Stage
Naturally occurring in the human gut, enterococci bacteria can lead to infections including bloodstream and urinary tract infections, infections of surgical sites, and endocarditis - infection of the heart valves.. Researchers examined the genomes of the bacteria to analyze samples from an early outbreak of bacteremia in patients in a Wisconsin hospital between 1984 and 1988 that was caused by multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis in order to learn how they adapted to existence in the hospital and transmission from one patient to another. By going back to the early days of the antibiotic resistance problem, Dr. Van Tyne, Dr. Gilmore, and colleagues were able to see that Enterococcus faecalis entering into the bloodstream first turn on an unusual pathway that allows the microbe to make a new substance that helps to shore up its cell wall. This makes the bacterium more able to resist being killed by white blood cells, and also by antibiotics of the penicillin class that attack the bacterial ...
Enterococcus faecalis bacteria, SEM - Stock Image C026/7490 - Science Photo LibraryEnterococcus faecalis bacteria, SEM - Stock Image C026/7490 - Science Photo Library
Enterococcus faecalis bacteria. Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of a clump of Enterococcus faecalis bacteria. This Gram-positive coccus (round bacterium) is a normal component of the human gastrointestinal tract, but under certain conditions can cause diseases in humans, especially hospital patients with reduced resistance to infections. - Stock Image C026/7490
Permalien vers In vitro activity of daptomycin against Enterococcus faecalis under various conditions of growth-phases,...Permalien vers In vitro activity of daptomycin against Enterococcus faecalis under various conditions of growth-phases,...
Lien vers Pubmed [PMID] - 23700464. PLoS ONE 2013;8(5):e64218. Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) has become a major leading cause of nosocomial endocarditis. Treatment of such infections remains problematic and new therapeutic options are needed. Nine E. faecalis strains were tested: six obtained from patients presenting endocarditis, one with isolated bacteremia, and two reference strains. Antibiotics included daptomycin, alone or in combination, linezolid, tigecycline, rifampicin, gentamicin, teicoplanin, ceftriaxone and amoxicillin. Time-kill studies included colony counts at 1, 4 and 24 h of incubation. Significant bactericidal activity was defined as a decrease of ≥3log10CFU/ml after 24 h of incubation. Antibiotics were tested at a low (10(6) CFU/ml) and high (10(9) CFU/ml) inoculum, against exponential- and stationary-phase bacteria. We also performed time kill studies of chemically growth arrested E. faecalis. Various pH conditions were used during the tests. In exponential growth ...
Enterococcus faecalis (Andrewes and Horder) Schleifer and Kilpper-BalzEnterococcus faecalis (Andrewes and Horder) Schleifer and Kilpper-Balz
Enterococcus faecalis ATCC ® 29212™ Designation: TypeStrain=False Application: Food testing Control strain ref   ref Evaluation of Mueller-Hinton agar ref Media testing ref   ref   ref   ref   ref   ref   ref   ref Quality control ref Quality control strain ref   ref   ref   ref   ref Susceptibility disc testing ref   ref   ref Susceptibility testing ref   ref   ref   ref   ref   ref   ref   ref   ref   ref Quality control strain for API, bioMerieux VITEK, IDS, Micro-Media, MicroScan, and Sensititre products
Browse by Journal - UnissResearchBrowse by Journal - UnissResearch
Klibi, Naouel and Ben Slama, Karim and Sáenz, Yolanda and Masmoudi, Afef and Zanetti, Stefania Anna Lucia and Sechi, Leonardo Antonio and Boudabous, Abdellatif and Torres, Carmen (2007) Detection of virulence factors in high-level gentamicin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolates from a Tunisian hospital. ...
The Molecular Alarmone (p)ppGpp Mediates Stress Responses, Vancomycin Tolerance, and Virulence in Enterococcus faecalis |...The Molecular Alarmone (p)ppGpp Mediates Stress Responses, Vancomycin Tolerance, and Virulence in Enterococcus faecalis |...
The stringent response is a global bacterial response to stress that is mediated by accumulation of the alarmone (p)ppGpp. In this study, treatment with mupirocin was shown to induce high levels of (p)ppGpp production in Enterococcus faecalis, indicating that this nosocomial pathogen can mount a classic stringent response. In addition, (p)ppGpp was found to accumulate in cells subjected to heat shock, alkaline shock, and inhibitory concentrations of vancomycin. Sequence analysis of the E. faecalis genome indicated that (p)ppGpp synthesis is catalyzed by the bifunctional synthetase/hydrolase RelA and the RelQ small synthase. The (p)ppGpp profiles of ΔrelA, ΔrelQ, and ΔrelAQ strains revealed that RelA is the major enzyme responsible for the accumulation of (p)ppGpp during antibiotic or physical stresses, while RelQ appears to be responsible for maintaining basal levels of alarmone during homeostatic growth. Compared to its parent, the ΔrelA strain was more susceptible to several stress ...
Genetic analysis of the pAD1 hemolysin/bacteriocin determinant in Enterococcus faecalis: Tn917 insertional mutagenesis and...Genetic analysis of the pAD1 hemolysin/bacteriocin determinant in Enterococcus faecalis: Tn917 insertional mutagenesis and...
Thirty-seven nonhemolytic/nonbacteriocinogenic mutations in Enterococcus (Streptococcus) faecalis plasmid pAD1 were generated by Tn917 insertion. All were found to belong to one of two complementation classes. Each class of mutants secreted either hemolysin/bacteriocin (Hly/Bac) component A or L into the culture medium. DNA encoding Hly/Bac was cloned in Escherichia coli in which both components of the hemolysin were expressed individually and collectively. The region encoding components A and L was further defined by deletion analysis and physically mapped. A total of approximately 8.4 kilobases of pAD1 DNA were observed to be required for hemolysin expression. Hly/Bac activity of the wild-type and the inactive L substance was observed to be heat stable. Active Hly/Bac resulting from incubating separately secreted components A and L was also found to be heat stable. The results indicate that component A activates component L and that activated component L possesses the Hly/Bac activity. ...
Enterococcus faecalis Archives | Online Microbiology NotesEnterococcus faecalis Archives | Online Microbiology Notes
Pyruvate Broth Test Objectives To determine the ability of an organism to utilize pyruvate. It aids in the differentiation between Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. Principle In the identification of microorganisms, the widely used method is the ability of bacteria to form organic compounds by metabolizing certain carbohydrates and related compounds. Pyruvate broth is a carbohydrate-free, … Read more Pyruvate Broth Test. ...
PigProgress - RESEARCH: Enterococcus faecalis pops up during pork processingPigProgress - RESEARCH: Enterococcus faecalis pops up during pork processing
Canadian researchers have published a study assessing the antimicrobial resistance and virulence of genotypes of Enterococcus faecalis, taken from samples taken from a commercial pork processing plant. They conclude that the pork meat appears to be arriving at the plant free of E. faecalis, suggesting that contamination occurs during processing.
Genetic Technology Alert. Bacteriophage Aids in Effort to Destroy Enterococcus Faecalis Bacteria; Preventing Salmonellosis...Genetic Technology Alert. Bacteriophage Aids in Effort to Destroy Enterococcus Faecalis Bacteria; Preventing Salmonellosis...
This issue profiles a bacteriophage that aids efforts to destroy Enterococcus Faecalis bacteria, preventing salmonellosis through the usage of lytic bacteriophages, and development of multiple phage therapy products for infectious diseases .
中国科学院海洋研究所机构知识库(IOCAS-IR): Enterococcus faecalis alpha 1-2-mannosidase (EfMan-I): an efficient catalyst for glycoprotein N...中国科学院海洋研究所机构知识库(IOCAS-IR): Enterococcus faecalis alpha 1-2-mannosidase (EfMan-I): an efficient catalyst for glycoprotein N...
While multiple alpha 1-2-mannosidases are necessary for glycoprotein N-glycan maturation in vertebrates, a single bacterial alpha 1-2-mannosidase can be sufficient to cleave all alpha 1-2-linked mannose residues in host glycoprotein N-glycans. We report here the characterization and crystal structure of a new alpha 1-2-mannosidase (EfMan-I) from Enterococcus faecalis, a Gram-positive opportunistic human pathogen. EfMan-I catalyzes the cleavage of alpha 1-2-mannose from not only oligomannoses but also high-mannose-type N-glycans on glycoproteins. Its 2.15 angstrom resolution crystal structure reveals a two-domain enzyme fold similar to other CAZy GH92 mannosidases. An unexpected potassium ion was observed bridging two domains near the active site. These findings support EfMan-I as an effective catalyst for in vitro N-glycan modification of glycoproteins with high-mannose-type N-glycans ...
Enterococcus faecalis induces aneuploidy and tetraploidy in colonic epithelial cells through a bystander effectEnterococcus faecalis induces aneuploidy and tetraploidy in colonic epithelial cells through a bystander effect
Intestinal commensals are potential important contributors to the etiology of sporadic colorectal cancer, but mechanisms by which bacteria can initiate tumors remain uncertain. Herein, we describe mechanisms that link Enterococcus faecalis, a bacterium known to produce extracellular superoxide, to t …
Enterococcus ampicillin sensitive - Prix viagra pharmacie algerie 2017Enterococcus ampicillin sensitive - Prix viagra pharmacie algerie 2017
Enterobacter, Serratia, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Providencia, Morganella, Staphylococci, Streptococci, Enterococcus. amoxicillin-clavunic acid & ampicillin.. . and from CO 2 sensitive. or markers that confer antibiotic resistance such as ampicillin. but not limited to, Bacillus, Clostridium, Enterococcus.Indiquons que rarement lhydroxyquinoléine peut entraîner des neuropathies sensitives ainsi que des. Ampicilline: 1961:. "enterococcus faecalis", sont deux.Létat lentérocoque а les décla rations des. indicating that this to sensitive. L on si est antibiothérapie par voie ampicilline.52 52 Days Log CFU/g of feces Ampicilline dans leau de boisson. Enterococcus faecalis (80%) et. veterinary medicine MIC 90 %sensitive Chicken µg/mL Cattle µg.selection of positive transformation events the ampr gene coding for ampicillin resistance. As a very sensitive staining method silver staining according to Blum.The LE1 Bacteriophage Replicates as a Plasmid within. and ampicillin, tobramycin,. but were ...
Prevalence and characterization of Enterococcus spp. isolated from Brazilian foods - UnissResearchPrevalence and characterization of Enterococcus spp. isolated from Brazilian foods - UnissResearch
Enterococci can be used in the food industry as starter or probiotic cultures. However, enterococci are also implicated in severe multi-resistant nosocomial infections. In this study, the prevalence of enterococci in selected Brazilian foodstuffs (raw and pasteurized milk, meat products, cheeses and vegetables) was evaluated. Phenotypic and PCR protocols were used for species identification. Tests for production of gelatinase, haemolysin, bacteriocin and bile salt hydrolysis were done with all enterococci isolates, whereas molecular determination of virulence markers (genes esp, gel, ace, as, efaA, hyl and cylA) and antibiotic resistance was checked only for Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis isolates. The antibiotic-resistant isolates were assayed for biofilm formation and adhesion to mammalian cells. From the 120 food samples analyzed, 52.5% were positive for enterococci, meat and cheese being the most contaminated. E. faecium was the predominant species, followed by E. faecalis, ...
Large scale variation in Enterococcus faecalis illustrated by the genome analysis of strain OG1RF. - PubMed - NCBILarge scale variation in Enterococcus faecalis illustrated by the genome analysis of strain OG1RF. - PubMed - NCBI
PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
Virulence Effect of Enterococcus faecalis Protease Genes and the Quorum-Sensing Locus fsr in Caenorhabditis elegans and Mice |...Virulence Effect of Enterococcus faecalis Protease Genes and the Quorum-Sensing Locus fsr in Caenorhabditis elegans and Mice |...
Enterococci are gram-positive bacteria that are normal inhabitants of the alimentary tract of humans and other animals. They have been recognized as a cause of infective endocarditis for more than a century (17) and have gained prominence over the last two decades as being among the most common pathogens found in hospital-acquired infections, including urinary tract infections, bloodstream infections, and surgical-site infections (27). The increasing importance of enterococci as nosocomial pathogens can be attributed in part to intrinsic and acquired antibiotic resistance (17, 26). Treatment of multidrug-resistant enterococcal infections poses a significant challenge to clinicians (4, 8), and the potential of these organisms to serve as a reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes is of great concern (6, 20, 21). Despite increasing recognition of the clinical importance of enterococcal infections, their pathogenic mechanisms are not well understood (11).. We have recently developed a novel model ...
Genitourinary Bacterial Infection: a Cause of Infertility in Men? A Cases Series and Short Review of Literature | Acta Medica...Genitourinary Bacterial Infection: a Cause of Infertility in Men? A Cases Series and Short Review of Literature | Acta Medica...
Case presentation: Four case reports are presented in order to emphasize the possible clinical implications of genitourinary bacterial infections on male infertility. The first patient had two bacterial strains isolated from the semen culture, Escherichia coli, and then Enterococcus faecalis. The antibiotic treatment was not effective. The second patient had a semen culture positive with Enterococcus faecalis. The treatment was successful: the bacteria were eradicated and the patient was able to conceive a baby. Enterococcus faecalis was also identified in the third and the fourth case. These patients were able to conceive, despite the different clinical management strategies of the cases ...
Streptococcus Faecalis Manufacturer, Supplier, ExporterStreptococcus Faecalis Manufacturer, Supplier, Exporter
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Australian Enterococcal Sepsis Outcome Programme, 2011 - DROAustralian Enterococcal Sepsis Outcome Programme, 2011 - DRO
From 1 January to 31 December 2011, 29 institutions around Australia participated in the Australian Enterococcal Sepsis Outcome Programme (AESOP). The aim of AESOP 2011 was to determine the proportion of enterococcal bacteraemia isolates in Australia that are antimicrobial resistant, with particular emphasis on susceptibility to ampicillin and the glycopeptides, and to characterise the molecular epidemiology of the Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium isolates. Of the 1,079 unique episodes of bacteraemia investigated, 95.8% were caused by either E. faecalis (61.0%) or E. faecium (34.8%). Ampicillin resistance was detected in 90.4% of E. faecium but not detected in E. faecalis. Using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute breakpoints (CLSI), vancomycin non-susceptibility was reported in 0.6% and 31.4% of E. faecalis and E. faecium respectively and was predominately due to the acquisition of the vanB operon. Approximately 1 in 6 vanB E. faecium isolates however, had an minimum inhibitory ...
Evaluation of new sonic system against induced E Faecalis biofilm in root canals Microbiologic and SEM study for Rashid Hossam...Evaluation of new sonic system against induced E Faecalis biofilm in root canals Microbiologic and SEM study for Rashid Hossam...
Thesis, English, Evaluation of new sonic system against induced E Faecalis biofilm in root canals Microbiologic and SEM study for Rashid Hossam Mohamed Yousri
ARDB-Antibiotic Resistance Genes DatabaseARDB-Antibiotic Resistance Genes Database
1) Evers S, et al. (1996) Regulation of VanB-type vancomycin resistance gene expression by the VanS(B)-VanR (B) two-component regulatory system in Enterococcus faecalis V583.. J Bacteriol 178(5):1302-9 PubMed: 8631706 ...
Isolation and characterization of antibacterial and antioxidant compounds from rinicus communis leavesIsolation and characterization of antibacterial and antioxidant compounds from rinicus communis leaves
Antioxidants play an important role in living organisms to control level of free radicals and other reactive molecules in the body to reduce oxidative damage. Synthetic antioxidant compounds are used in food industries as food additives to boost our immune systems. These compounds are associated with a number of critical side effects including liver damage and carcinogenesis. Scientists are also concerned about microorganisms that have developed resistant genes against current antibiotics used in hospitals. The aim of the study was to isolate and characterize bioactive compounds from Ricinus communis leaves with activity against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853). Consequently, medicinal plants are studied and considered for their efficacy and safety, because they possess bioactive compounds with various biological activities. Leaves of R. communis were collected at the University of ...
Susceptibility of staphylococci and enterococci to antimicrobial agents at different ward levels in four north European...Susceptibility of staphylococci and enterococci to antimicrobial agents at different ward levels in four north European...
The Gram-positive cocci, Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS), Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium, are the bacteria most often isolated from patients with hospital acquired infections. S. aureus is one of the most important pathogens and have a variety of virulence mechanisms which help it to infect the patient and cause tissue damage. CoNS and enterococci are low virulent bacteria and predominantly cause infections in individuals with underlying illness, individuals that have undergone surgery or with suppressed immune-system. The aims of this thesis were i) to investigate the susceptibility to different antimicrobial agents among S. aureus, CoNS, E. faecium and E. faecalis isolates from primary care centres, general hospital wards and intensive care units in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden and ii) to study the prevalence of the cytolysin genes and genes involved in biofilm formation among CoNS, E. faecium and E. faecalis. The results in this thesis ...
A prospective project of microbiological surveillance at a teaching Hospital in Italy; evolving epidemiological features, and...A prospective project of microbiological surveillance at a teaching Hospital in Italy; evolving epidemiological features, and...
As a whole, Gram-negative agents showed an increasing trend of isolation, regardless of the examined clinical specimens, while the epidemiology of Staphylococci remained somewhat unchanged, and their methicillin resistance rate remained under control (around 39% of overall isolates from blood cultures). When considering Enterococci, the active surveillance of VRE strains successfully acted against the potential nosocomial spread of these organisms: the only 7 cases of "Van A" Enterococcus faecalis strains were not related with each other, and glycopeptide resistance remained limited to less than 3% of overall Enterococci. An increasing number of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae was noticed (with a 29-36% quarterly rate for Escherichia coli, and up to 41% for other organisms, as a whole). The overall resistance rate against fluoroquinolones is on steady increase: the last quarterly report shows a 47.3% rate for E. coli, 30.8% for Enterobacteriaceae, and 42.6% for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ...
Avaliação de um sistema automatizado na identificação de espécies de EnterococcusAvaliação de um sistema automatizado na identificação de espécies de Enterococcus
Introdução A importância dos enterococos como patógeno nosocomial tem sido bem documentada nos últimos anos(4, 7, 12). Enterococcus faecalis é a espécie mais freqüentemente associada com infecções em humanos, seguida pelo Enterococcus faecium(2).. As espécies de enterococos podem ser identificadas rotineiramente através de esquemas, empregando testes convencionais baseados em características fenotípicas que permitem separar estes microrganismos em cinco grupos fisiologicamente diferentes(3).. Cada vez mais, laboratórios clínicos têm utilizado sistemas automatizados para identificar microrganismos de uma forma geral. Para a identificação de enterococos, os mais utilizados são o Vitek, o MicroScan e o Pasco(5, 6, 11). Entretanto, em várias situações, seu uso leva à obtenção de identificações errôneas que necessitam ser esclarecidas através do uso de métodos convencionais e da análise dos perfis de proteínas totais, a qual demonstrou ser um método reprodutível e ...
Cacao - GONUTSCacao - GONUTS
Supplementary Table 3 and section "TraH is an essential component in pIP501-mediated conjugation." Although the paper didnt use the Enterococcus faecalis strain EnGen0234, the Protein Data Bank accession code mentioned in the paper matches the UniProt ID for the EnGen strain. The GO term is appropriate because a mutant strain with a deletion of the traH gene did not conjugate at a level that could be detected by the assay used. However, when the same strain received a plasmid containing a functional copy of the gene, conjugation proceeded at a normal rate.,, ...
Efek Antimikroba Ekstrak Etanol Rimpang Jahe (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) terhadap Enterococcus faecalis - MCUrepositoryEfek Antimikroba Ekstrak Etanol Rimpang Jahe (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) terhadap Enterococcus faecalis - MCUrepository
Salah satu penyebab kegagalan perawatan endodontik adalah mikroba yang bertahan di dalam sistem saluran akar, termasuk Enterococcus faecalis. Senyawa yang terdapat pada ekstrak etanol rimpang jahe yang terdiri dari gingerol, paradol, shogaol, zingerone dan minyak atsiri diduga merupakan golongan senyawa bioaktif yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui efek antimikroba ekstrak etanol rimpang jahe (EERJ) terhadap Enterococcus faecalis. Penelitian bersifat eksperimental laboratorik. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan kertas cakram steril yang ditetesi ekstrak etanol rimpang jahe (Zingiber offcinale Rosc.) dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10%, 20% dan 40% dan klorheksidin 0,2% sebagai kontrol positif serta kertas cakram steril yang ditetesi akuades steril sebagai kontrol negatif pada medium Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA) yang telah dibiakkan bakteri Enterococcus faecalis. Cakram diinkubasi pada suhu 37o selama 24 jam. Data yang diukur adalah diameter zona hambat ...
Structural insights into the alanine racemase from Enterococcus faecalis<...Structural insights into the alanine racemase from Enterococcus faecalis<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Structural insights into the alanine racemase from Enterococcus faecalis. AU - Priyadarshi, Amit. AU - Lee, Eun Hye. AU - Sung, Min Woo. AU - Nam, Ki Hyun. AU - Lee, Won Ho. AU - Kim, Eunice EunKyeong. AU - Hwang, Kwang Yeon. PY - 2009/7/1. Y1 - 2009/7/1. N2 - Alanine racemase (AlaR) is a bacterial enzyme that belongs to the fold-type III group of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes. AlaR catalyzes the interconversion between l- and d-alanine, which is important for peptidoglycan biosynthesis. This enzyme is common in prokaryotes, but absent in eukaryotes, which makes it an attractive target for the design of new antibacterial drugs. Here, we report the crystal structures of both the apoenzyme and the d-cycloserine (DCS) complex of AlaR from the pathogenic bacterium Enterococcus faecalis v583, at a resolution of 2.5 Å. DCS is a suicide inhibitor of AlaR and, as such, serves as an antimicrobial agent and has been used to treat tuberculosis and urinary tract ...
Genomic Insights into Biofilm-Forming Enterococcus faecalis SK460 Isolated from a Chronic Diabetic Ulcer Patient. | Physicians...Genomic Insights into Biofilm-Forming Enterococcus faecalis SK460 Isolated from a Chronic Diabetic Ulcer Patient. | Physician's...
Enterococcus faecalis is recognized as one of the leading pathogens causing nosocomial infections. Here we report a draft genome sequence of Enterococcus faecalis SK460, isolated from a chronic diabetic foot ulcer patient. This strain exhibits various biofilm-associated genes, virulence genes, and antibiotic-resistance genes related to aminoglycoside, macrolide, and tetracycline resistance.. ...
Characterization of Azo Dye Reduction in Enterococcus Faecalis :: DissertationsCharacterization of Azo Dye Reduction in Enterococcus Faecalis :: Dissertations
CHARACTERIZATION OF AZO DYE REDUCTION IN ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS By SUMIT PUNJ Bachelor of Science University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India 1998 Master of Science University of Mumbai Mumbai, India 2000 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY July, 2008 ii CHARACTERIZATION OF AZO DYE REDUCTION IN ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS Dissertation Approved: Dr. Gilbert H. John Dissertation Adviser Dr. Robert L. Burnap Dr. Rolf A. Prade Dr. Babu Z. Fathepure Dr. Carol L. Bender Dr. A. Gordon Emslie Dean of the Graduate College iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my gratitude to my adviser, Dr. Gilbert H. John who has been very patient and understanding throughout my years in the program. He has given me the opportunity to develop and execute my ideas and has always been very encouraging. I sincerely thank each one of my committee members; Dr. Robert Burnap, Dr. Rolf Prade, Dr. Babu ...
Comparison of antibacterial efficacy between xanthorrhizol (Curcuma xanthorrhiza roxb.) and chlorhexidine 2% against...Comparison of antibacterial efficacy between xanthorrhizol (Curcuma xanthorrhiza roxb.) and chlorhexidine 2% against...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Comparison of antibacterial efficacy between xanthorrhizol (Curcuma xanthorrhiza roxb.) and chlorhexidine 2% against enterococcus faecalis clinical isolate biofilm. AU - Permitasari, Riza. AU - Nazar, Kamizar. AU - Meidyawati, Ratna. AU - Prasetyanti, Rizka Eka. PY - 2020/7. Y1 - 2020/7. N2 - Objective: In root canal treatments, chlorhexidine (CHX) is widely used for irrigation and is effective in killing Enterococcus faecalis. CHX is a synthetic chemical and is toxic to host cells; therefore, natural or herbal irrigation solutions, which are safer but still effective, are necessary. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of xanthorrhizol (XNT) derived from Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. on E. faecalis clinical isolate biofilm formation (0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.25%, and 1.5%). Methods: The MTT assay and total plate count were performed for assessing the effectiveness of herbal ingredients, while CHX (2%) was used as a positive control. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and ...
Bactericidal Effects of Diode Laser Irradiation on Enterococcus faecalis Using Periapical Lesion Defect ModelBactericidal Effects of Diode Laser Irradiation on Enterococcus faecalis Using Periapical Lesion Defect Model
International Scholarly Research Notices is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal covering a wide range of subjects in science, technology, and medicine. The journals Editorial Board as well as its Table of Contents are divided into 108 subject areas that are covered within the journals scope.
Dissertation or Thesis | The Role of Enterococcus faecalis Sugar Transport in Experimental Colitis | ID: t722h9962 | Carolina...Dissertation or Thesis | The Role of Enterococcus faecalis Sugar Transport in Experimental Colitis | ID: t722h9962 | Carolina...
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), which afflict 1.6 million people in the United States, are chronic, relapsing and immune-mediated intestinal disorders caused in part by aggressive T-cell-mediated immune responses to intestinal microbes in genetically susceptible individuals. However, relatively little is known about how intestinal inflammation affects the function of gut microbiota. We show that Il10-/- mice colonized with a simplified, defined microbial consortium that includes Enterococcus faecalis develop immune-mediated colitis. Transcription of two putative E. faecalis phosphotransferase systems (PTS) that import sugars into the bacterium is upregulated in colitis. We identify gluconate, ribose, and glucosamine as potential substrates for these PTS. The presence of these PTS is associated with altered intestinal microbial ecology and worsened colitis, therefore suggesting a role for E. faecalis sugar metabolism in colitis development. This work highlights the complexity of ...
Characterization of the Sequence Specificity Determinants Required for Processing and Control of Sex Pheromone by the...Characterization of the Sequence Specificity Determinants Required for Processing and Control of Sex Pheromone by the...
Conjugative transfer of the Enterococcus faecalis plasmid pCF10 is induced by the peptide pheromone cCF10 when recipient-produced cCF10 is detected by donors. cCF10 is produced by proteolytic processing of the signal sequence of a chromosomally encoded lipoprotein (CcfA). In donors, endogenously produced cCF10 is carefully controlled to prevent constitutive expression of conjugation functions, an energetically wasteful process, except in vivo, where endogenous cCF10 induces a conjugation-linked virulence factor. Endogenous cCF10 is controlled by two plasmid-encoded products; a membrane protein PrgY reduces pheromone levels in donors, and a secreted inhibitor peptide iCF10 inhibits the residual endogenous pheromone that escapes PrgY control. In this study we genetically determined the amino acid specificity determinants within PrgY, cCF10, and the cCF10 precursor that are necessary for cCF10 processing and for PrgY-mediated control. We showed that amino acid residues 125 to 241 of PrgY are ...
Complete genome sequences of two Enterococcus faecium strains and comparative genomic analysisComplete genome sequences of two Enterococcus faecium strains and comparative genomic analysis
As a popular medicine for probiotic therapy to treat with patients with diarrhea, the safety of Shin Biofermin S is paramount. Therefore, in the present study, the species of the SBS-1 strain isolated from a commercial medicine (Shin Biofermin S) was determined via genome sequencing. Species identification is important for evaluating safety and is favorable for formulating therapeutic strategies. The scientific names of E. faecium have been changed several times. Streptococcus faecalis and Streptococcus faecium were separate until 1984, when DNA-DNA and DNA-rRNA hybridization tests revealed that they belonged to Enterococcus instead (5). Bergeys Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 3: The Firmicutes also demonstrated this result (6), such that Streptococcus faecalis was renamed Enterococcus faecalis. In the food and health industry, E. faecium and E. faecalis have been used to improve the intestinal environment by regulating its inflammatory status and the gut microflora (2). However, the ...
Enigmatic Enterococcal Endocarditis | Annals of Internal Medicine | American College of PhysiciansEnigmatic Enterococcal Endocarditis | Annals of Internal Medicine | American College of Physicians
Enterococci are isolated from 10% to 15% of patients with endocarditis (1-3) and rank as the third commonest cause of endocarditis, behind viridans streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus (3). These group D streptococci (Lancefield classification) differ physiologically from most other streptococci by their ability to grow in media containing 40% bile and to cleave esculin. Enterococci are distinguished from nonenterococcal group D organisms (that is, S. bovis or S. equinus) by their growth in broth containing 6.5% sodium chloride. Enterococcal endocarditis is usually caused by S. faecalis and rarely by S. faecium or S. durans.. Therapy for patients with enterococcal endocarditis ...
Phenotypic Diversity of Multiple Antibiotic Resistant Enterococci with Emphasis on Enterococcus gallinarum Carrying vanA and...Phenotypic Diversity of Multiple Antibiotic Resistant Enterococci with Emphasis on Enterococcus gallinarum Carrying vanA and...
The prevalence and diversity of antibiotic resistant enterococci populations in samples collected four times from urban sewage treatment plant in Tehran, Iran between June 2005 and July 2006 were studied. Filtered samples were grown on mEnterococci medium containing 4 μg/ml vancomycin after which the enterococci isolates were identified to the species level. All strains were then tested for their resistance against nine antibiotics. Of the 131 isolates, 98 (75%) isolates were identified as Enterococcus gallinarum, followed by 24 (18%) and 9 (7%) for E. faecium and E. casseliflavus, respectively. All E. gallinarum isolates carried vanC1 gene with 64 (65%) and 14 (14%) isolates concomitantly harboured either vanA or vanB gene, respectively. Some E. casseliflavus concomitantly harboured vanA and vanC2 or vanB and vanC2. Typing the total enterococci isolates with a high resolution biochemical fingerprinting method showed a high diversity (D i = 0.91). We have shown by biochemical fingerprinting the
Activity and Diffusion of Tigecycline (GAR-936) in Experimental Enterococcal Endocarditis | Antimicrobial Agents and...Activity and Diffusion of Tigecycline (GAR-936) in Experimental Enterococcal Endocarditis | Antimicrobial Agents and...
We showed in vitro and in experimental endocarditis that glycopeptide resistance in enterococci did not affect the activity of GAR-936, as demonstrated by similar activities of the drug against two isogenic strains differing by their glycopeptide susceptibility. This result, which was already reported by others (11; S. M. Mikels, E. B. Lenoy, W. Allen, S. Compton, and W. J. Weiss, Abstr. 38th Intersci. Conf. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., abstr. 135, 1998), could be anticipated from the absence of relation between mechanisms of resistance to glycopeptides and to tetracyclines. GAR-936 was not less active against a tetracycline-resistant VanA type E. faecium isolate than against a tetracycline-susceptible VanA type E. faecalis strain, showing that the ability of GAR-936 to overcome the mechanisms responsible for tetracycline resistance is relevant in vivo. Since glycopeptide resistance is often associated to multidrug resistance, including tetracycline resistance (9), our results suggest that ...
Ampicillin STADAAmpicillin 'STADA'
Mikrobiologisk virkningsspektrum. Virker baktericidt på grampositive kokker (Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumokokker), Streptococcus pyogenes (β-hæmolytiske streptokokker, gruppe A), Streptococcus agalactiae (β-hæmolytiske streptokokker, gruppe B), Enterococcus faecalis og de fleste α-hæmolytiske streptokokker samt på de Staphylococcus aureus, som ikke danner penicillinase), grampositive stave (Listeria monocytogenes, Clostridium spp., Bacillus anthracis, Corynebacterium spp. og Actinomyces spp.), gramnegative diplokokker (Neisseria meningitidis og nogle stammer af Neisseria gonorrhoeae), visse gramnegative stave som Haemophilus influenzae, Proteus mirabilis, E. coli, Helicobacter pylori, Pasteurella spp. og Capnocytophaga spp. og endelig over for Treponema pallidum og Borrelia burgdorferi. ...
Histopathological changes induced in an animal model by potentially pa | IDRHistopathological changes induced in an animal model by potentially pa | IDR
Histopathological changes induced in an animal model by potentially pathogenic Enterococcus faecalis strains recovered from ready-to-eat food outlets in Osun State, Nigeria Adetunji Kola Olawale,1,2 Oluwole Moses David,2,3 Adekemi Olubukunola Oluyege,2 Richard Temitope Osuntoyinbo,4 Solomon Anjuwon Laleye,5 Oladiran Famurewa,2 1Department of Applied Sciences, Osun State Polytechnic, Iree, 2Department of Microbiology, University of Ado-Ekiti, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; 3Phytomedicine Research Centre, Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa; 4Department of Microbiology, Waterford Regional Hospital, Waterford, Republic of Ireland; 5Department of Microbiology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria Abstract: Enterococci have been implicated as an emerging important cause of several diseases and multiple antibiotic resistance. However, there is little information about the prevalence of pathogenic and/or antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus faecalis in ready-to-eat foods in
Taxonomic Studies on Some Group D Streptococci | Microbiology SocietyTaxonomic Studies on Some Group D Streptococci | Microbiology Society
Summary: Biochemical, menaquinone, fatty acid and DNA analyses were conducted on a number of streptococci of serological group D. The results indicate that S. faecalis, S. faecium, S. casseliflavus and taxa previously designated S. avium, S. durans and S. faecalis var. malodoratus are distinct species. Strains previously labelled S. faecium var. mobilis were shown to be identical with S. casseliflavus. The results also indicate that some group D streptococci recently isolated from chickens constitute a new species.
Microbiology Society Journals | Correlation between enterococcal biofilm formation in vitro and medical-device-related...Microbiology Society Journals | Correlation between enterococcal biofilm formation in vitro and medical-device-related...
Hospital-acquired infections caused by enterococci have increased dramatically since the 1970s. Many nosocomial enterococcal bloodstream infections are associated with medical devices such as central venous catheters. The ability to form biofilm on medical devices is a potential virulence trait that may allow enterococci to cause infections in the expanding population of patients managed with such devices. In this study, the hypothesis that increased ability to form biofilm in vitro is associated with medical-device-related infection in vivo was tested. A microplate assay was employed to assess biofilm-forming characteristics of enterococci in 0.9 % (w/v) sodium chloride, an oligotrophic environment, and BHI, a nutrient-rich environment. Results were compared in isolates from different sources of infection. One hundred and nine enterococcal bloodstream isolates were assayed. Biofilm formation on microplates was demonstrated by all Enterococcus faecalis isolates and 16/38 (42 %) Enterococcus faecium
Streptococcus - WikipediaStreptococcus - Wikipedia
18 hours) Intrapartum fever (>38C)[vague] Prior GBS affected infante[vague] GBS bacteriuria during this pregnancy This protocol results in treatment[vague] of 15-20% of pregnant women and prevention of 65-70% of cases of early onset GBS sepsis. This group includes S. equi, which causes strangles in horses, and S. zooepidemicus-S. equi is a clonal descendent or biovar of the ancestral S. zooepidemicus-which causes infections in several species of mammals, including cattle and horses. S. dysgalactiae is also a member of group C, beta-haemolytic streptococci that can cause pharyngitis and other pyogenic infections similar to group A streptococci. Many former group D streptococci have been reclassified and placed in the genus Enterococcus (including E. faecalis, E. faecium, E. durans, and E. avium). For example, Streptococcus faecalis is now Enterococcus faecalis. E. faecalis is sometimes alpha hemolytic and E. faecium is sometimes beta hemolytic. The remaining nonenterococcal group D strains ...
Senior Management - MIROMATRIX MEDICAL IncSenior Management - MIROMATRIX MEDICAL Inc
Mr. Perrault has spent over 10 years working in a laboratory setting with experience in research and development, product development, quality control and manufacturing. He graduated from the University of Minnesota, Morris with a B.A. in Biology. After college he worked at the University of South Dakotas Medical School. As a research scientist he was introduced to microbiology and molecular biology assays and techniques while performing research on Enterococcus faecalis. In 2007 he started out as a laboratory technician at the University of Minnesotas Schulze Diabetes Institute performing more than 800 islet cell isolations for R/D, xenotransplantation, auto-transplantation and allo-transplantation. In 2012 he became the quality control laboratory manager for the human and porcine islet isolation program responsible for the release of clinical islet isolation products for human transplantation. In 2013 he joined Miromatrix Medical and participated in ramping up the acellular product line as ...
View source for Enterococcus - microbewikiView source for Enterococcus - microbewiki
Curated}} {{Biorealm Genus}} [[Image:enterococcus2.jpg,frame,right,Enterococcus cultured on agar. From the [http://w3.ouhsc.edu/enterococcus/ University of Oklahoma.]]] ==Classification== ===Higher order taxa:=== Bacteria; Firmicutes; Bacilli; Lactobacillales; Enterococcaceae; Enterococcus ===Species:=== Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium {, , height="10" bgcolor="#FFDF95" , NCBI: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Undef&id=1350&lvl=3&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock Taxonomy] [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=genomeprj&cmd=Search&dopt=DocSum&term=txid1350%5BOrganism:exp%5D Genome] ,} ==Description and Significance== Enterococci are regular inhabitants of the bowel. The genome of E. faecalis is more than 25% exogenously acquired DNA. Enterococci are the leading cause of hospital-acquired secondary infections. ==Genome Structure== The genome of Enterococcus faecalis V583 was recently sequenced. The main chromosome is 3,218,031 ...
The elucidation of the possible mechanism of vancomycin-resistance in selected streptococcal and enterococcal species.The elucidation of the possible mechanism of vancomycin-resistance in selected streptococcal and enterococcal species.
Three Streptococcal strains: S. milleri P213, S. milleri P35 and S. milleri B200 and three enterococcal strains: E. faecalis 123, E. faecalis 126 and E. faecium were used to test for vancomycin resistance. Two strains were used as reference strains that were already characterized as vancomycin resistant. E. faecium BM4147 was used as a VanA control and E. faecalis ATCC was used as a VanB control. Susceptibility of each strain to this antibiotic was tested by disk-diffusion assay and the MIC values for the strains were found to be between 5 - 10 ug/ml and for the VanA control, the MIC was , 64 ug/ml and for the VanB control was 32 ug/ml. These MIC values indicate that S. milleri P213, S. milleri P35, S. milleri B200, E. faecalis 123, E. faecalis 126, and E. faecium are all of the VanC phenotype. All strains were tested for lysis by means of addition of vancomycin (10 ug/ml) to the bacterial cultures. Lytic curves were constructed and the VanB control was found to be most autolytic upon addition ...
Antibacterial Effect of Phytochemial Extracts from Ziziphus-spina christi against Some Pathogenic BacteriaAntibacterial Effect of Phytochemial Extracts from Ziziphus-spina christi against Some Pathogenic Bacteria
THE ANTIBACTERIAL potential of Ziziphus- spina christi as methanol and ethanol extracts, of bark, fruit, roots, seeds and leaves, were evaluated against seven pathogenic bacterial strains using agar well diffusion technique: The used strains were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 278223), Enterobacter cloacae (ATCC 13047), Enterobacter aerogenes (ATCC 13084), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 13888), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, ATCC 43300). The antibiotic erythromycin was used as positive control. The presence of phytochemical compounds in the extracts was determined qualitatively, the functional bioactive groups were characterized by FTIR and the presence of bioactive elements was characterized by XRF. Antibacterial activity against the used bacterial strains was assessed by determining the minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC) assays. All the used Gram negative and positive bacteria were
Enterococcus - WikipediaEnterococcus - Wikipedia
Enterococcus is a large genus of lactic acid bacteria of the phylum Firmicutes. Enterococci are Gram-positive cocci that often occur in pairs (diplococci) or short chains, and are difficult to distinguish from streptococci on physical characteristics alone. Two species are common commensal organisms in the intestines of humans: E. faecalis (90-95%) and E. faecium (5-10%). Rare clusters of infections occur with other species, including E. casseliflavus, E. gallinarum, and E. raffinosus. Enterococci are facultative anaerobic organisms, i.e., they are capable of cellular respiration in both oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor environments. Though they are not capable of forming spores, enterococci are tolerant of a wide range of environmental conditions: extreme temperature (10-45 °C), pH (4.5-10.0), and high sodium chloride concentrations. Enterococci typically exhibit alpha-hemolysis on sheeps blood agar. Members of the genus Enterococcus (from Greek έντερο, éntero, "intestine" and κοκκος, ...
The Effect of Increased Exposure of UVC Light on Human Skin Microbiota by TKylia S. Moss"The Effect of Increased Exposure of UVC Light on Human Skin Microbiota" by T'Kylia S. Moss
Many methods have been employed to prevent infections from opportunistic pathogens in immunocompromised individuals. Among these are the use of ultraviolet light (UV). In this study, UVC light, was found to have a deleterious effect on specific skin flora. Organisms tested included Acinetobacter baumanii, Candida albicans, Candida kefyr, Corynebacterium renale, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Streptococcus pyogenes. Nutrient agar was used to cultivate most organisms. Blood agar was used for the cultivation of Streptococcus pyogenes and Enterococcus faecalis. Bacterial suspensions were made and utilized to plate each organism onto a set of 7 nutrient agar or blood agar plates. A portion of each of 6 of the plates was then exposed to UVC light for 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 seconds respectively. For each organism, increased exposure to UVC light resulted in a decrease of the number of colony forming units observed in the portion of the
Enterococcus in Blood Cultures Remember 123Enterococcus in Blood Cultures Remember 123
I have recently been in the situation of dealing with a number of blood cultures which have grown the bacteria Enterococcus sp. Whilst not a particularly exciting bacteria, its presence in blood cultures should always be taken seriously. One particular patient had Enterococcus faecalis in 3 sets of blood cultures and was being treated for pneumonia on the basis of a fever and a few crackles in his chest. I went to the ward to review the patient and although a junior later commented that "you always come up with an amazing diagnosis!" it was "The Microbiology" which led to the correct answer, but I took the compliment anyway ...
Clarifying Statements | Antimicrobial Copper SiteClarifying Statements | Antimicrobial Copper Site
EPA does not allow any antimicrobial product to claim that it makes the home or other use site "safe," and also does not allow "natural" claims (which they believe implies safety; we use the term "inherent" instead). In addition, EPA requires Antimicrobial Copper product advertising and labeling to indicate that while they have been shown to reduce microbial contamination, they do not necessarily prevent cross-contamination. Claims cannot be made regarding protection from the actual acquisition or transmission of infectious pathogens.. EPA also requires that advertising and labeling clearly indicate that the use of Antimicrobial Copper surfaces is a supplement to, but not a substitute for routine cleaning of the product.. Further, Antimicrobial Copper surfaces are only registered to make public health claims against the following five bacteria: Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis(VRE), Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ...
Variable Vane Pump Market Size And Growth Forecast Report To 2015: Radiant Insights, Inc. - Get NewsVariable Vane Pump Market Size And Growth Forecast Report To 2015: Radiant Insights, Inc. - Get News
Table of Contents:. Part I Variable vane pump Industry Overview. Chapter One Variable vane pump Industry Overview. 1.1 Variable vane pump Definition. 1.2 Variable vane pump Classification Analysis. 1.2.1 Variable vane pump Main Classification Analysis. 1.2.2 Variable vane pump Main Classification Share Analysis. 1.3 Variable vane pump Application Analysis. 1.3.1 Variable vane pump Main Application Analysis. 1.3.2 Variable vane pump Main Application Share Analysis. 1.4 Variable vane pump Industry Chain Structure Analysis. 1.5 Variable vane pump Industry Development Overview. 1.5.1 Variable vane pump Product History Development Overview. 1.5.1 Variable vane pump Product Market Development Overview. 1.6 Variable vane pump Global Market Comparison Analysis. 1.6.1 Variable vane pump Global Import Market Analysis. 1.6.2 Variable vane pump Global Export Market Analysis. 1.6.3 Variable vane pump Global Main Region Market Analysis. 1.6.4 Variable vane pump Global Market Comparison Analysis. 1.6.5 ...
P21598 | SWISS-MODEL RepositoryP21598 | SWISS-MODEL Repository
SWISS-MODEL Repository entry for P21598 (TET9_ENTFL), Tetracycline resistance protein TetM from transposon Tn916. Enterococcus faecalis (Streptococcus faecalis)
Clyra Medical | Clyra TechnologyClyra Medical | Clyra Technology
CLYRA™ technology causes the instantaneous release of a powerful yet safe antimicrobial in measured doses when it is mixed by water from any source, including a wound exudate caused to insult an impregnated bandage. CLYRA has characterized this antimicrobial in conformance with FDA standards, and confirms that the efficacy and safety of this antimicrobial is in conformance with standards and literature on the subject. CLYRA Medical Technologies continues to push the envelope with efficacy and safety testing.. Formulations of CLYRAs antimicrobial hydrogel and liquid wound cleanser products have passed rigorous third party laboratory testing validating both efficacy and safety. Independent testing has verified both rapid and effective control against a host of dangerous pathogens commonly encountered in the wound care field. Testing of the companys liquid formula verified efficacy against antimicrobial resistant species referred to by the CDC as the "ESKAPE" pathogens - enterococcus faecium ...
Seek, Sense, and Destroy | Science SignalingSeek, Sense, and Destroy | Science Signaling
Highly virulent enterococcal strains have a pathogenicity island within their genome that encodes, among other traits, a cytolytic toxin that uses a quorum-sensing mechanism to affect autoinduction. Coburn et al. (see the Perspective by Garsin) show that the bacterium actively secretes two components, an autoinducer and an anti-autoinducer. In the absence of target cells, these two interact and prevent the autoinducer from feeding back to induce high-level expression of the cytolysin. In the presence of the target cell, however, the anti-autoinducer binds to the target cell and allows the autoinducer to accumulate to the threshold level required for quorum induction of the cytolysin operon. The anti-autoinducer is itself a toxin component and effectively tags the target for destruction. P. S. Coburn, C. M. Pillar, B. D. Jett, W. Haas, M. S. Gilmore, Enterococcus faecalis senses target cells and in response expresses cytolysin. Science 306, 2270-2272 (2004). [Abstract] [Full Text]. D. A. Garsin, ...
中国科学院大连化学物理研究所机构知识库(DICP OpenIR): Oxidative Decarboxylation of L-Malate by Using a Synthetic Bioredox System中国科学院大连化学物理研究所机构知识库(DICP OpenIR): Oxidative Decarboxylation of L-Malate by Using a Synthetic Bioredox System
A synthetic bioredox system for the oxidative decarboxylation of L-malate to pyruvate was presented, with which the enzyme purification steps can be omitted. The bioredox system consisted of ME-t (mutant malic enzyme ME L310R/Q401C) and non-natural coenzyme nicotinamide flucytosine dinucleotide (NFCD+) catalyzes the oxidation of L-malate to pyruvate and concurrently generates the reduced coenzyme, NFCDH. Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) pET24b-ME-t cell lysates catalyze the oxidation of L-malate and produce pyruvate only, indicating that the cell lysates have the same substrate selectivity as the purified enzyme. NADH oxidase (NOX) from Enterococcus faecalis can oxidize NFCDH to regenerate NFCD+. Compared with the reaction system containing NAD(+), ME lysates, and NOX lysates, the system containing NFCD+, ME-t lysates, and NOX lysates converts L-malate to pyruvate in 9% higher yield and with significantly less lactate formation. These results suggest that the synthetic bioredox system composed of ME-t ...
Isentress canada, Isentress launch dateIsentress canada, Isentress launch date
Faecalis are still the most frequent cause of enterococcal infections in man, swankily female viagra buy followed by E. La dosis diaria recomendable del pastilla es de 20 mg, isentress canada precisamente tanta cantidad contiene cada pastilla del Cialis, lo que le hace cómodo su empleo! This helps prevent antibiotic-resistant germs from developing? Amitriptüliin ja nortriptüliin metaboliseeritakse maksas demetüülimise, hüdroksüleerimise ja sellele järgneva glükuronisatsiooni teel glükuroonhappega! The agency adds the unhelpful caveat that the, isentress brand name "clinical significance of this finding is unknown" In other words, no one knows whether this animal research means that men will be at higher risk for pancreatic cancer? He sustained lusty options, including arnica swelling and get viagra 25 mg pills online a small someone? I risultati non sono garantiti e possono variare da persona a persona! When culture and susceptibility information are available, flinchingly flonase ...
Changes in antimicrobial resistance of Enterococcus spp. Over a few years.Changes in antimicrobial resistance of Enterococcus spp. Over a few years.
... , Yeliz Tanriverdi Cayci, Keramettin Yanik, Adil Karadag, Hava Yilmaz, Saban Esen, Murat Gunaydin
A porcine model of skin wound infected with a polybacterial biofilm - Výzkumný ústav živočišné výroby, v.v.i.A porcine model of skin wound infected with a polybacterial biofilm - Výzkumný ústav živočišné výroby, v.v.i.
A clinically relevant porcine model of a biofilm-infected wound was established in 10 minipigs. The wounds of six experimental animals were infected with a modified polymicrobial Lubbock chronic wound biofilm consisting of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. Four animals served as uninfected controls. The wounds were monitored until they had healed for 24 days. The biofilm persisted in the wounds up to day 14 and significantly affected healing. The control to infected healed wound area ratios were: 45%/21%, 66%/37%, and 90%/57% on days 7, 10 and 14, respectively. The implanted biofilm prolonged inflammation, increased necrosis, delayed granulation and impaired development of the extracellular matrix as seen in histological and gene expression analyses. This model provides a therapeutic one-week window for testing of anti-biofilm treatments and for research on the pathogenesis of wound infections in pig that is clinically the most relevant ...
SA1719 - AureoWikiSA1719 - AureoWiki
Regulation and Cell signalingRegulation and Cell signaling - no subcategorySex pheromones in Enterococcus faecalis and other Firmicutes Putative pheromone cAM373 precursor lipoprotein CamS ...
AUREO for PET β-1,3-1,6 Glucan with EF Lactobacillus (6ml X 30 sachets) | ePet.hk | Free DeliveryAUREO for PET β-1,3-1,6 Glucan with EF Lactobacillus (6ml X 30 sachets) | ePet.hk | Free Delivery
Aureo for Pet is recommended on the following conditions: Sick Decrepitude Poor activity Poor Appetite Prevent diseases EF (Enterococcus Faecalis) lactic acid b
What are common causes of enterococcus? | Reference.comWhat are common causes of enterococcus? | Reference.com
Common causes of enterococcus infection include patients being infected by hospital workers or others who have not practiced good hygiene such as hand-washing, says the National Institutes of Health....
Resistant bacterium modifies its genome to cause infectionResistant bacterium modifies its genome to cause infection
A growing concern among doctors is the potential of E. faecalis to pass on antibiotic-resistant genes to other strains and pathogens. Hospital wards are by their nature a good place for the transfer of virulence factors among bacteria.. The discovery of the region, known as a pathogenicity island, could help in the fight against bacterial infections. The island may contain useful markers for detecting unusually pathogenic strains, the researchers say. Armed with information about these harmful strains, hospitals could establish controls to prevent the spread of infection within their wards. Michael S. Gilmore of the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center and colleagues compared the genomes of several E. faecalis strains, including the strain responsible for an infectious outbreak twenty years ago. They also studied the first strain known to be resistant to the drug vancomycin an antibiotic of last resort. All infectious strains contained a 150,000 base-pair region not found in the ...
Sequence Similarity - 1NHQ: CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC ANALYSES OF NADH PEROXIDASE CYS42ALA AND CYS42SER MUTANTS: ACTIVE SITE...Sequence Similarity - 1NHQ: CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC ANALYSES OF NADH PEROXIDASE CYS42ALA AND CYS42SER MUTANTS: ACTIVE SITE...
1NHQ: Crystallographic analyses of NADH peroxidase Cys42Ala and Cys42Ser mutants: active site structures, mechanistic implications, and an unusual environment of Arg 303.
Nasnas, R.Nasnas, R.
Evidence for clonal spread of a single strain of β-lactamase-producing Enterococcus (Streptococcus) faecalis to six hospitals in five states. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 1991 ...
TAS INTERIER - kupel ov t dio, hydromas ne vane, obklady a dla by, vodovodn bat rie, hydromas ne vane, sprchov k ty,...TAS INTERIER - kupel ov t dio, hydromas ne vane, obklady a dla by, vodovodn bat rie, hydromas ne vane, sprchov k ty,...
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TAS INTERIER - kupel ov t dio, hydromas ne vane, obklady a dla by, vodovodn bat rie, hydromas ne vane, sprchov k ty,...TAS INTERIER - kupel ov t dio, hydromas ne vane, obklady a dla by, vodovodn bat rie, hydromas ne vane, sprchov k ty,...
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IVU2PRGB16 | Vision Sensor: iVu SeriesIVU2PRGB16 | Vision Sensor: iVu Series
iVu PLUS TG Gen2 Remote Sensor with Ethernet. Blue Ring Light and 16 mm lens. Requires power cordset and bracket. Ethernet and USB cordset optional ...
Buy Rexroth PVV5-1X/154RA15DMB Vane pump - BME Pump Components Co., Ltd.Buy Rexroth PVV5-1X/154RA15DMB Vane pump - BME Pump Components Co., Ltd.
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Dp-1 holin familyDp-1 holin family
Preening (bird)Preening (bird)
SortaseSortase
StreptococcusStreptococcus
MezlocillinMezlocillin
D-alanine-D-serine ligaseD-alanine-D-serine ligase
C1orf131C1orf131
Beach advisoryBeach advisory
Gelatinase biosynthesis-activating pheromoneGelatinase biosynthesis-activating pheromone
Bacterial microcompartmentBacterial microcompartment
Endodontic therapyEndodontic therapy
Cobalamin riboswitchCobalamin riboswitch
LysM domainLysM domain
Par stability determinantPar stability determinant
List of antibiotic resistant bacteriaList of antibiotic resistant bacteria
List of sequenced bacterial genomesList of sequenced bacterial genomes
Virola elongataVirola elongata
ImipenemImipenem
Lancefield groupingLancefield grouping
DalbavancinDalbavancin
Hemolysis (microbiology)Hemolysis (microbiology)
DUF1646 RNA motifDUF1646 RNA motif
Glycopeptide alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidaseGlycopeptide alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase
TigecyclineTigecycline
Addiction moduleAddiction module
D-alanine-(R)-lactate ligaseD-alanine-(R)-lactate ligase
Hybrid genome assemblyHybrid genome assembly
Pteleopsis myrtifoliaPteleopsis myrtifolia
CarboxypenicillinCarboxypenicillin
Anti-Q RNAAnti-Q RNA
Streptococcus pneumoniaeStreptococcus pneumoniae
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndromeStaphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Urinary tract infectionUrinary tract infection
Enterococcus faeciumEnterococcus faecium
Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureusVancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
TetanusTetanus
StreptococcusStreptococcus
Enterococcus - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaEnterococcus - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Mannan oligosaccharide-based nutritional supplementsMannan oligosaccharide-based nutritional supplements
AcetylcysteineAcetylcysteine
ကျောက်ကပ်ရောင်ရောဂါ - ဝီကီပီးဒီးယားကျောက်ကပ်ရောင်ရောဂါ - ဝီကီပီးဒီးယား
Caenorhabditis elegansCaenorhabditis elegans
VancomycinVancomycin
Gas gangreneGas gangrene
CiprofloxacinCiprofloxacin
TedizolidTedizolid
BottromycinBottromycin
List of infectious diseasesList of infectious diseases
List of parasites of humansList of parasites of humans
Gram positive, ang malayang ensiklopedyaGram positive, ang malayang ensiklopedya
Pancreatic abscessPancreatic abscess
Acmella oleraceaAcmella oleracea
Scarlet feverScarlet fever
Վանկոմիցին - Վիքիպեդիա՝ ազատ հանրագիտարանՎանկոմիցին - Վիքիպեդիա՝ ազատ հանրագիտարան
Imipenem/cilastatinImipenem/cilastatin
Endodontic therapyEndodontic therapy
StreptokoketStreptokoket
Sodium hypochloriteSodium hypochlorite
Dracaena manniiDracaena mannii
HemolysisHemolysis
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation Science
Enterococcus faecalisEnterococcusEnterococcus faeciumGram-Positive Bacterial InfectionsVancomycin ResistanceAnti-Bacterial AgentsVancomycinCarbon-Oxygen LigasesBacterial ProteinsMicrobial Sensitivity TestsConjugation, GeneticGram-Positive BacteriaGentamicinsDrug Resistance, MicrobialBacteriocinsPheromonesDNA, BacterialEndocarditis, BacterialTeicoplaninPlasmidsOxazolidinonesAcetamidesDrug Resistance, BacterialGenes, BacterialBiofilmsMolecular Sequence DataAlcaligenes faecalisGene Expression Regulation, BacterialGram-Positive CocciRoot Canal IrrigantsStreptococcusDaptomycinDental Pulp CavityAmpicillin ResistanceSex AttractantsDNA Transposable ElementsGelatinasesGram-Negative BacteriaAnti-Infective AgentsGlycopeptidesBacteriaBacterial AdhesionElectrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-FieldVirginiamycinColony Count, MicrobialSodium HypochloriteSequence Analysis, DNAAmpicillinStaphylococcus aureusTetracycline ResistanceAmino Acid SequenceDental Pulp DiseasesVirulence FactorsPulpitisBacterial Typing TechniquesVirulenceBase SequenceAminoglycosidesCheeseCross InfectionMicrobial ViabilityCalcium HydroxideChlorhexidineCulture MediaPeriapical PeriodontitisPeptidoglycanStreptogramin AOperonPolymerase Chain ReactionAnti-Infective Agents, LocalFecesGene Transfer, HorizontalStreptococcaceaeLactococcusBacteremiaBacterial LoadFluoroquinolonesSerine-Type D-Ala-D-Ala CarboxypeptidaseMutagenesis, InsertionalAcetoinErythromycinEscherichia coliStreptomycinChromosomes, BacterialPenicillinsLactobacillusUrinary Tract InfectionsMultigene FamilyBacteriolysisDisk Diffusion Antimicrobial TestsRoot Canal Filling MaterialsRNA, BacterialMinocyclineMutationCephalosporinsBacitracinBacterial InfectionsNaphthyridinesLactococcus lactisN-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine AmidaseTyrosine DecarboxylaseMuramoylpentapeptide CarboxypeptidaseStaphylococcusDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialEndophthalmitisPenicillin-Binding ProteinsGenome, Bacterial
Enterococcus faecalis (Andrewes and Horder) Schleifer and Kilpper-BalzEnterococcus faecalis (Andrewes and Horder) Schleifer and Kilpper-Balz
Wide Distribution of Virulence Genes among Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis Clinical IsolatesWide Distribution of Virulence Genes among Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis Clinical Isolates
Enterococcus faecalis bacteria, SEM - Stock Image C026/7490 - Science Photo LibraryEnterococcus faecalis bacteria, SEM - Stock Image C026/7490 - Science Photo Library
Enterococcus faecalis induces aneuploidy and tetraploidy in colonic epithelial cells through a bystander effectEnterococcus faecalis induces aneuploidy and tetraploidy in colonic epithelial cells through a bystander effect
PigProgress - RESEARCH: Enterococcus faecalis pops up during pork processingPigProgress - RESEARCH: Enterococcus faecalis pops up during pork processing
Frontiers | Characteristics of and Virulence Factors Associated with Biofilm Formation in Clinical Enterococcus faecalis...Frontiers | Characteristics of and Virulence Factors Associated with Biofilm Formation in Clinical Enterococcus faecalis...
Collagen degradation and MMP9 activation by Enterococcus faecalis contribute to intestinal anastomotic leak | Science...Collagen degradation and MMP9 activation by Enterococcus faecalis contribute to intestinal anastomotic leak | Science...
AID 67253 - In vitro antibacterial activity against vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VanA, BM4166) - PubChemAID 67253 - In vitro antibacterial activity against vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VanA, BM4166) - PubChem
Expresión del gen esp (enterococcus surface protein) de enterococcus faecalis en un modelo in vitro de dientes extraídosExpresión del gen esp (enterococcus surface protein) de enterococcus faecalis en un modelo in vitro de dientes extraídos
Analysis of a Gene Cluster of Enterococcus faecalis Involved in Polysaccharide Biosynthesis | Infection and ImmunityAnalysis of a Gene Cluster of Enterococcus faecalis Involved in Polysaccharide Biosynthesis | Infection and Immunity
Transmission and genetic diversity of Enterococcus faecalis among layer chickens during hatch - DTU OrbitTransmission and genetic diversity of Enterococcus faecalis among layer chickens during hatch - DTU Orbit
O-Glycosidase from Enterococcus faecalis, Recombinant - Creative EnzymesO-Glycosidase from Enterococcus faecalis, Recombinant - Creative Enzymes
Enterococcus faecalis - WikipediaEnterococcus faecalis - Wikipedia
Uncharacterized protein - Enterococcus faecalisUncharacterized protein - Enterococcus faecalis
Enterococcus faecalisEnterococcus faecalis
Enterococcus faecalis X98 genomic scaffold supercont1.1, whole genome - Nucleotide - NCBIEnterococcus faecalis X98 genomic scaffold supercont1.1, whole genome - Nucleotide - NCBI
Characteristics of Enterococcus Faecalis | LIVESTRONG.COMCharacteristics of Enterococcus Faecalis | LIVESTRONG.COM
RCSB PDB - 2AWD: Crystal structure of LacC from Enterococcus faecalisRCSB PDB - 2AWD: Crystal structure of LacC from Enterococcus faecalis
ej97a - EJ97 enterocin - Enterococcus faecalis - ej97a gene & proteinej97a - EJ97 enterocin - Enterococcus faecalis - ej97a gene & protein
Enterococcus faecalis Heme-Dependent Catalase | Journal of BacteriologyEnterococcus faecalis Heme-Dependent Catalase | Journal of Bacteriology
Multiple posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms partner to control ethanolamine utilization in Enterococcus faecalis | PNASMultiple posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms partner to control ethanolamine utilization in Enterococcus faecalis | PNAS
A family of fibrinogen-binding MSCRAMMs from Enterococcus faecalis. - PubMed - NCBIA family of fibrinogen-binding MSCRAMMs from Enterococcus faecalis. - PubMed - NCBI
Enterococcus faecalis (Andrewes and Horder) Schleifer and Kilpper-BalzEnterococcus faecalis (Andrewes and Horder) Schleifer and Kilpper-Balz
RCSB PDB - 1X9E: Crystal structure of HMG-CoA synthase from Enterococcus faecalisRCSB PDB - 1X9E: Crystal structure of HMG-CoA synthase from Enterococcus faecalis
Esp-Independent Biofilm Formation by Enterococcus faecalis | Journal of BacteriologyEsp-Independent Biofilm Formation by Enterococcus faecalis | Journal of Bacteriology
WikiGenes - Enterococcus faecalisWikiGenes - Enterococcus faecalis
Negative allosteric regulation of Enterococcus faecalis small alarmone synthetase RelQ by single-stranded RNA | PNASNegative allosteric regulation of Enterococcus faecalis small alarmone synthetase RelQ by single-stranded RNA | PNAS
KEGG PATHWAY: Pentose phosphate pathway - Enterococcus faecalis Symbioflor 1KEGG PATHWAY: Pentose phosphate pathway - Enterococcus faecalis Symbioflor 1
Bactericidal Effects of Diode Laser Irradiation on Enterococcus faecalis Using Periapical Lesion Defect ModelBactericidal Effects of Diode Laser Irradiation on Enterococcus faecalis Using Periapical Lesion Defect Model
Enterococcus faecalis and Dental ImplantsEnterococcus faecalis and Dental Implants
Enterococcus faecalis YM0831 suppresses sucrose-induced hyperglycemia in a silkworm model and in humans - Contact Corresponding...Enterococcus faecalis YM0831 suppresses sucrose-induced hyperglycemia in a silkworm model and in humans - Contact Corresponding...
Role of Mobile DNA in the Evolution of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis | ScienceRole of Mobile DNA in the Evolution of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis | Science
A Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Enterococcus faecalis | Journal of Clinical MicrobiologyA Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Enterococcus faecalis | Journal of Clinical Microbiology
A Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Enterococcus faecalis | Journal of Clinical MicrobiologyA Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Enterococcus faecalis | Journal of Clinical Microbiology
The DENOVA score efficiently identifies patients with monomicrobial Enterococcus faecalis bacteremia where echocardiography is...The DENOVA score efficiently identifies patients with monomicrobial Enterococcus faecalis bacteremia where echocardiography is...
Antimicrobial activity of Ca(OH)2 containing pastes with Enterococcus faecalis in vitro.Antimicrobial activity of Ca(OH)2 containing pastes with Enterococcus faecalis in vitro.
Clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis aggregate human platelets.Clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis aggregate human platelets.
Gradual pediocin PA-1 resistance in Enterococcus faecalis confers cross-protection to diverse pore-forming cationic...Gradual pediocin PA-1 resistance in Enterococcus faecalis confers cross-protection to diverse pore-forming cationic...
Collagen degradation and MMP9 activation by Enterococcus faecalis contribute to intestinal anastomotic leak | Science...Collagen degradation and MMP9 activation by Enterococcus faecalis contribute to intestinal anastomotic leak | Science...
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation Science
Enterococcus faecalisEnterococcusEnterococcus faeciumGram-Positive Bacterial InfectionsVancomycin ResistanceAnti-Bacterial AgentsVancomycinCarbon-Oxygen LigasesBacterial ProteinsMicrobial Sensitivity TestsConjugation, GeneticGram-Positive BacteriaGentamicinsDrug Resistance, MicrobialBacteriocinsPheromonesDNA, BacterialEndocarditis, BacterialTeicoplaninPlasmidsOxazolidinonesAcetamidesDrug Resistance, BacterialGenes, BacterialBiofilmsMolecular Sequence DataAlcaligenes faecalisGene Expression Regulation, BacterialGram-Positive CocciRoot Canal IrrigantsStreptococcusDaptomycinDental Pulp CavityAmpicillin ResistanceSex AttractantsDNA Transposable ElementsGelatinasesGram-Negative BacteriaAnti-Infective AgentsGlycopeptidesBacteriaBacterial AdhesionElectrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-FieldVirginiamycinColony Count, MicrobialSodium HypochloriteSequence Analysis, DNAAmpicillinStaphylococcus aureusTetracycline ResistanceAmino Acid SequenceDental Pulp DiseasesVirulence FactorsPulpitisBacterial Typing TechniquesVirulenceBase SequenceAminoglycosidesCheeseCross InfectionMicrobial ViabilityCalcium HydroxideChlorhexidineCulture MediaPeriapical PeriodontitisPeptidoglycanStreptogramin AOperonPolymerase Chain ReactionAnti-Infective Agents, LocalFecesGene Transfer, HorizontalStreptococcaceaeLactococcusBacteremiaBacterial LoadFluoroquinolonesSerine-Type D-Ala-D-Ala CarboxypeptidaseMutagenesis, InsertionalAcetoinErythromycinEscherichia coliStreptomycinChromosomes, BacterialPenicillinsLactobacillusUrinary Tract InfectionsMultigene FamilyBacteriolysisDisk Diffusion Antimicrobial TestsRoot Canal Filling MaterialsRNA, BacterialMinocyclineMutationCephalosporinsBacitracinBacterial InfectionsNaphthyridinesLactococcus lactisN-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine AmidaseTyrosine DecarboxylaseMuramoylpentapeptide CarboxypeptidaseStaphylococcusDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialEndophthalmitisPenicillin-Binding ProteinsGenome, Bacterial
StrainsGenesBacteriumATCCInfectionsBacteriaStrainBiofilmIsolateResistanceOG1RFPrevalenceResistantOpportunisticSpeciesGenomicEndocarditisInfectionGeneAmong enterococciAggregationBiochemicalVitroGenome defenseHumansCRISPR-CasProtein
Strains5
Genes5
Bacterium5
ATCC3
Infections6
Bacteria3
  • Enterococcus , a Gram-positive facultative anaerobic cocci belonging to the lactic acid bacteria of the phylum Firmicutes, is known to be able to resist a wide range of hostile conditions such as different pH levels, high concentration of NaCl (6.5%), and the extended temperatures between 5°C and 65°C. Despite being the third most common nosocomial pathogen, our understanding on its virulence factors is still poorly understood. (hindawi.com)
  • Deconvolution fluorescence microscopy also revealed that phagosomes containing AS-bearing bacteria were markedly larger than phagosomes containing opsonized E. faecalis, suggesting that some modification of phagosomal maturation may be involved in AS-induced resistance to killing. (umn.edu)
  • PMN phagosomal pH was significantly higher after ingestion of nonopsonized AS-bearing E. faecalis than after that of opsonized bacteria. (umn.edu)
Strain3
Biofilm4
Isolate1
  • Conjugation assays were used to determine that R-M and CRISPR-Cas work cooperatively to significantly limit PRP acquisition in a natively drug-susceptible E. faecalis isolate, T11. (tdl.org)
Resistance2
OG1RF1
Prevalence1
Resistant2
Opportunistic1
Species2
Genomic1
  • Immortalized human and nontransformed murine colonic epithelial cells, along with a mouse colonic ligation model, were used to assess the effect of E. faecalis on genomic DNA stability and damage. (nih.gov)
Endocarditis2
Infection1
Gene1
  • It has been shown that MDR E. faecalis have expanded genomes enriched with mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that were acquired through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). (tdl.org)
Among enterococci1
  • Surprisingly through NCBI database analysis, there are some similarities observed in terms of their virulence determinants among enterococci. (hindawi.com)
Aggregation1
Biochemical1
Vitro1
  • Through in vitro evolution and deep sequencing analysis, it was concluded that under antibiotic selection for a PRP, the CRISPR-Cas system of T11 becomes compromised, providing a potential mechanism for the emergence of MDR E. faecalis. (tdl.org)
Genome defense2
  • The primary focus of the research presented here was to establish a role for R-M and CRISPR-Cas in providing genome defense in E. faecalis and to elucidate the interactions between CRISPR-Cas and MGEs. (tdl.org)
  • Overall, the data presented here have shown that R-M and CRISPR-Cas are capable of limiting MGE acquisition in E. faecalis justifying the claim that MDR E. faecalis emerge due to the absence of genome defense. (tdl.org)
Humans1
  • Enterococci are considered to be part of normal gut microbiota in both humans and animals and capable to survive in a diverse range of harsh conditions. (hindawi.com)
CRISPR-Cas1
  • Finally, a mouse model of E. faecalis colonization was used to show that CRISPR-Cas provides defense against PRP acquisition in vivo. (tdl.org)
Protein5
The Molecular Alarmone (p)ppGpp Mediates Stress Responses, Vancomycin Tolerance, and Virulence in Enterococcus faecalis |...
The Molecular Alarmone (p)ppGpp Mediates Stress Responses, Vancomycin Tolerance, and Virulence in Enterococcus faecalis |... (jb.asm.org)
Frontiers | Characteristics of and Virulence Factors Associated with Biofilm Formation in Clinical Enterococcus faecalis...
Frontiers | Characteristics of and Virulence Factors Associated with Biofilm Formation in Clinical Enterococcus faecalis... (frontiersin.org)
Life Sciences Archives - Page 20 of 46 - Nova Science Publishers
Life Sciences Archives - Page 20 of 46 - Nova Science Publishers (novapublishers.com)
Probiotics With Acidophilus and Pelvic Cramps | Livestrong.com
Probiotics With Acidophilus and Pelvic Cramps | Livestrong.com (livestrong.com)
What Are the Causes of Mid-Abdominal Pain? | Livestrong.com
What Are the Causes of Mid-Abdominal Pain? | Livestrong.com (livestrong.com)
Cesarean Wound Complications | Livestrong.com
Cesarean Wound Complications | Livestrong.com (livestrong.com)
Characteristics of Enterococcus Faecalis | LIVESTRONG.COM
Characteristics of Enterococcus Faecalis | LIVESTRONG.COM (livestrong.com)
Enterococcus faecalis Heme-Dependent Catalase | Journal of Bacteriology
Enterococcus faecalis Heme-Dependent Catalase | Journal of Bacteriology (jb.asm.org)
RCSB PDB - 1X9E: Crystal structure of HMG-CoA synthase from Enterococcus faecalis
RCSB PDB - 1X9E: Crystal structure of HMG-CoA synthase from Enterococcus faecalis (rcsb.org)
Caenorhabditis elegans, a Model Organism for Investigating Immunity | Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Caenorhabditis elegans, a Model Organism for Investigating Immunity | Applied and Environmental Microbiology (aem.asm.org)
China Wheat Feed, Wheat Feed Manufacturers, Suppliers | Made-in-China.com
China Wheat Feed, Wheat Feed Manufacturers, Suppliers | Made-in-China.com (made-in-china.com)
Surveillance for Foodborne Disease Outbreaks - United States, 2009-2010
Surveillance for Foodborne Disease Outbreaks - United States, 2009-2010 (cdc.gov)
Surveillance for Foodborne Disease Outbreaks - United States, 2009-2015 | MMWR
Surveillance for Foodborne Disease Outbreaks - United States, 2009-2015 | MMWR (cdc.gov)
PLOS Pathogens: Publishing science, accelerating research
PLOS Pathogens: Publishing science, accelerating research (journals.plos.org)
Before Offering Your Hotel Guests a Seat, Consider That Your Plush Chairs or Loveseats May Be Teeming With Bacteria | Business...
Before Offering Your Hotel Guests a Seat, Consider That Your Plush Chairs or Loveseats May Be Teeming With Bacteria | Business... (businesswire.com)
Human microbiome | Britannica
Human microbiome | Britannica (britannica.com)
A Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Enterococcus faecalis | Journal of Clinical Microbiology
A Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Enterococcus faecalis | Journal of Clinical Microbiology (jcm.asm.org)
A Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Enterococcus faecalis | Journal of Clinical Microbiology
A Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Enterococcus faecalis | Journal of Clinical Microbiology (jcm.asm.org)
A eukaryotic-type Ser/Thr kinase in Enterococcus faecalis mediates antimicrobial resistance and intestinal persistence | PNAS
A eukaryotic-type Ser/Thr kinase in Enterococcus faecalis mediates antimicrobial resistance and intestinal persistence | PNAS (pnas.org)
Meningitis | Lab Manual | Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing | CDC
Meningitis | Lab Manual | Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing | CDC (cdc.gov)
By Identifier Page 4
By Identifier Page 4 (atcc.org)
Enterococcus faecalis (Andrewes and Horder) Schleifer and Kilpper-Balz
Enterococcus faecalis (Andrewes and Horder) Schleifer and Kilpper-Balz (atcc.org)
Partial Oral Treatment of Endocarditis - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Partial Oral Treatment of Endocarditis - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov (clinicaltrials.gov)
Amoxicillin Capsules - FDA prescribing information, side effects and uses
Amoxicillin Capsules - FDA prescribing information, side effects and uses (drugs.com)
Avelox - FDA prescribing information, side effects and uses
Avelox - FDA prescribing information, side effects and uses (drugs.com)
Noroxin (Norfloxacin): Side Effects, Interactions, Warning, Dosage & Uses
Noroxin (Norfloxacin): Side Effects, Interactions, Warning, Dosage & Uses (rxlist.com)
Avelox (Moxifloxacin HCL): Antibiotics, Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Interactions, Warning
Avelox (Moxifloxacin HCL): Antibiotics, Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Interactions, Warning (rxlist.com)
Ciprofloxacin Tablets - FDA prescribing information, side effects and uses
Ciprofloxacin Tablets - FDA prescribing information, side effects and uses (drugs.com)
Macrodantin (Nitrofurantoin Macrocystals Capsule): Side Effects, Interactions, Warning, Dosage & Uses
Macrodantin (Nitrofurantoin Macrocystals Capsule): Side Effects, Interactions, Warning, Dosage & Uses (rxlist.com)
Global Health Trax Threelac Probiotic Dietary Supplement Packets Lemon | Walgreens
Global Health Trax Threelac Probiotic Dietary Supplement Packets Lemon | Walgreens (walgreens.com)
Orbax Tablets for Animal Use - Drugs.com
Orbax Tablets for Animal Use - Drugs.com (drugs.com)