Enterococcus faecalis. Medical search

A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria commonly isolated from clinical specimens and the human intestinal tract. Most strains are nonhemolytic.

A genus of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria consisting of organisms causing variable hemolysis that are normal flora of the intestinal tract. Previously thought to be a member of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS, it is now recognized as a separate genus.

A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria whose organisms are normal flora of the intestinal tract. Unlike ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS, this species may produce an alpha-hemolytic reaction on blood agar and is unable to utilize pyruvic acid as an energy source.

Infections caused by bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain (positive) when treated by the gram-staining method.

Nonsusceptibility of bacteria to the action of VANCOMYCIN, an inhibitor of cell wall synthesis.

Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.

Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.

Enzymes that catalyze the joining of two molecules by the formation of a carbon-oxygen bond. EC 6.1.

Proteins found in any species of bacterium.

Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses).

A parasexual process in BACTERIA; ALGAE; FUNGI; and ciliate EUKARYOTA for achieving exchange of chromosome material during fusion of two cells. In bacteria, this is a uni-directional transfer of genetic material; in protozoa it is a bi-directional exchange. In algae and fungi, it is a form of sexual reproduction, with the union of male and female gametes.

Bacteria which retain the crystal violet stain when treated by Gram's method.

A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS.

The ability of microorganisms, especially bacteria, to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).

Substances elaborated by specific strains of bacteria that are lethal against other strains of the same or related species. They are protein or lipopolysaccharide-protein complexes used in taxonomy studies of bacteria.

Chemical substances, excreted by an organism into the environment, that elicit behavioral or physiological responses from other organisms of the same species. Perception of these chemical signals may be olfactory or by contact.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.

Inflammation of the ENDOCARDIUM caused by BACTERIA that entered the bloodstream. The strains of bacteria vary with predisposing factors, such as CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; HEART VALVE DISEASES; HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; or intravenous drug use.

Glycopeptide antibiotic complex from Actinoplanes teichomyceticus active against gram-positive bacteria. It consists of five major components each with a different fatty acid moiety.

Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.

Derivatives of oxazolidin-2-one. They represent an important class of synthetic antibiotic agents.

Derivatives of acetamide that are used as solvents, as mild irritants, and in organic synthesis.

The ability of bacteria to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).

The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.

Encrustations, formed from microbes (bacteria, algae, fungi, plankton, or protozoa) embedding in extracellular polymers, that adhere to surfaces such as teeth (DENTAL DEPOSITS); PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; and catheters. Biofilms are prevented from forming by treating surfaces with DENTIFRICES; DISINFECTANTS; ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS; and antifouling agents.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The type species of gram negative bacteria in the genus ALCALIGENES, found in soil. It is non-pathogenic, non-pigmented, and used for the production of amino acids.

Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria.

Coccus-shaped bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain when treated by Gram's method.

Chemicals used mainly to disinfect root canals after pulpectomy and before obturation. The major ones are camphorated monochlorophenol, EDTA, formocresol, hydrogen peroxide, metacresylacetate, and sodium hypochlorite. Root canal irrigants include also rinsing solutions of distilled water, sodium chloride, etc.

A genus of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria whose organisms occur in pairs or chains. No endospores are produced. Many species exist as commensals or parasites on man or animals with some being highly pathogenic. A few species are saprophytes and occur in the natural environment.

A cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic that inhibits GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA.

The space in a tooth bounded by the dentin and containing the dental pulp. The portion of the cavity within the crown of the tooth is the pulp chamber; the portion within the root is the pulp canal or root canal.

Nonsusceptibility of a microbe to the action of ampicillin, a penicillin derivative that interferes with cell wall synthesis.

Pheromones that elicit sexual attraction or mating behavior usually in members of the opposite sex in the same species.

Discrete segments of DNA which can excise and reintegrate to another site in the genome. Most are inactive, i.e., have not been found to exist outside the integrated state. DNA transposable elements include bacterial IS (insertion sequence) elements, Tn elements, the maize controlling elements Ac and Ds, Drosophila P, gypsy, and pogo elements, the human Tigger elements and the Tc and mariner elements which are found throughout the animal kingdom.

A class of enzymes that catalyzes the degradation of gelatin by acting on the peptide bonds. EC 3.4.24.-.

Bacteria which lose crystal violet stain but are stained pink when treated by Gram's method.

Substances that prevent infectious agents or organisms from spreading or kill infectious agents in order to prevent the spread of infection.

Proteins which contain carbohydrate groups attached covalently to the polypeptide chain. The protein moiety is the predominant group with the carbohydrate making up only a small percentage of the total weight.

One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.

Physicochemical property of fimbriated (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL) and non-fimbriated bacteria of attaching to cells, tissue, and nonbiological surfaces. It is a factor in bacterial colonization and pathogenicity.

Gel electrophoresis in which the direction of the electric field is changed periodically. This technique is similar to other electrophoretic methods normally used to separate double-stranded DNA molecules ranging in size up to tens of thousands of base-pairs. However, by alternating the electric field direction one is able to separate DNA molecules up to several million base-pairs in length.

A cyclic polypeptide antibiotic complex from Streptomyces virginiae, S. loidensis, S. mitakaensis, S. pristina-spiralis, S. ostreogriseus, and others. It consists of 2 major components, VIRGINIAMYCIN FACTOR M1 and virginiamycin Factor S1. It is used to treat infections with gram-positive organisms and as a growth promoter in cattle, swine, and poultry.

Enumeration by direct count of viable, isolated bacterial, archaeal, or fungal CELLS or SPORES capable of growth on solid CULTURE MEDIA. The method is used routinely by environmental microbiologists for quantifying organisms in AIR; FOOD; and WATER; by clinicians for measuring patients' microbial load; and in antimicrobial drug testing.

It is used as an oxidizing and bleaching agent and as a disinfectant. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.

Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.

Potentially pathogenic bacteria found in nasal membranes, skin, hair follicles, and perineum of warm-blooded animals. They may cause a wide range of infections and intoxications.

Nonsusceptibility of bacteria to the action of TETRACYCLINE which inhibits aminoacyl-tRNA binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit during protein synthesis.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Endodontic diseases of the DENTAL PULP inside the tooth, which is distinguished from PERIAPICAL DISEASES of the tissue surrounding the root.

Those components of an organism that determine its capacity to cause disease but are not required for its viability per se. Two classes have been characterized: TOXINS, BIOLOGICAL and surface adhesion molecules that effect the ability of the microorganism to invade and colonize a host. (From Davis et al., Microbiology, 4th ed. p486)

Inflammation of the DENTAL PULP, usually due to bacterial infection in dental caries, tooth fracture, or other conditions causing exposure of the pulp to bacterial invasion. Chemical irritants, thermal factors, hyperemic changes, and other factors may also cause pulpitis.

Procedures for identifying types and strains of bacteria. The most frequently employed typing systems are BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING and SEROTYPING as well as bacteriocin typing and biotyping.

The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Glycosylated compounds in which there is an amino substituent on the glycoside. Some of them are clinically important ANTIBIOTICS.

A nutritious food consisting primarily of the curd or the semisolid substance formed when milk coagulates.

Any infection which a patient contracts in a health-care institution.

Ability of a microbe to survive under given conditions. This can also be related to a colony's ability to replicate.

A white powder prepared from lime that has many medical and industrial uses. It is in many dental formulations, especially for root canal filling.

A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.

Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.

Inflammation of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE. It includes general, unspecified, or acute nonsuppurative inflammation. Chronic nonsuppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA. Suppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL ABSCESS.

A specific streptogramin group A antibiotic produced by Streptomyces graminofaciens and other bacteria.

In bacteria, a group of metabolically related genes, with a common promoter, whose transcription into a single polycistronic MESSENGER RNA is under the control of an OPERATOR REGION.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

Substances used on humans and other animals that destroy harmful microorganisms or inhibit their activity. They are distinguished from DISINFECTANTS, which are used on inanimate objects.

Excrement from the INTESTINES, containing unabsorbed solids, waste products, secretions, and BACTERIA of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.

The naturally occurring transmission of genetic information between organisms, related or unrelated, circumventing parent-to-offspring transmission. Horizontal gene transfer may occur via a variety of naturally occurring processes such as GENETIC CONJUGATION; GENETIC TRANSDUCTION; and TRANSFECTION. It may result in a change of the recipient organism's genetic composition (TRANSFORMATION, GENETIC).

A family of gram-positive non-sporing bacteria including many parasitic, pathogenic, and saprophytic forms.

A genus of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria mainly isolated from milk and milk products. These bacteria are also found in plants and nonsterile frozen and dry foods. Previously thought to be a member of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS (group N), it is now recognized as a separate genus.

The presence of viable bacteria circulating in the blood. Fever, chills, tachycardia, and tachypnea are common acute manifestations of bacteremia. The majority of cases are seen in already hospitalized patients, most of whom have underlying diseases or procedures which render their bloodstreams susceptible to invasion.

Measurable quantity of bacteria in an object, organism, or organism compartment.

A group of QUINOLONES with at least one fluorine atom and a piperazinyl group.

A carboxypeptidase that is specific for proteins that contain two ALANINE residues on their C-terminal. Enzymes in this class play an important role in bacterial CELL WALL biosynthesis.

Mutagenesis where the mutation is caused by the introduction of foreign DNA sequences into a gene or extragenic sequence. This may occur spontaneously in vivo or be experimentally induced in vivo or in vitro. Proviral DNA insertions into or adjacent to a cellular proto-oncogene can interrupt GENETIC TRANSLATION of the coding sequences or interfere with recognition of regulatory elements and cause unregulated expression of the proto-oncogene resulting in tumor formation.

A product of fermentation. It is a component of the butanediol cycle in microorganisms. In mammals it is oxidized to carbon dioxide.

A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.

An antibiotic produced by the soil actinomycete Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting the initiation and elongation processes during protein synthesis.

Structures within the nucleus of bacterial cells consisting of or containing DNA, which carry genetic information essential to the cell.

A group of antibiotics that contain 6-aminopenicillanic acid with a side chain attached to the 6-amino group. The penicillin nucleus is the chief structural requirement for biological activity. The side-chain structure determines many of the antibacterial and pharmacological characteristics. (Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1065)

A genus of gram-positive, microaerophilic, rod-shaped bacteria occurring widely in nature. Its species are also part of the many normal flora of the mouth, intestinal tract, and vagina of many mammals, including humans. Pathogenicity from this genus is rare.

Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA.

A set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene. Such genes may be clustered together on the same chromosome or dispersed on different chromosomes. Examples of multigene families include those that encode the hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, histocompatibility antigens, actins, tubulins, keratins, collagens, heat shock proteins, salivary glue proteins, chorion proteins, cuticle proteins, yolk proteins, and phaseolins, as well as histones, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes. The latter three are examples of reiterated genes, where hundreds of identical genes are present in a tandem array. (King & Stanfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Rupture of bacterial cells due to mechanical force, chemical action, or the lytic growth of BACTERIOPHAGES.

A method where a culturing surface inoculated with microbe is exposed to small disks containing known amounts of a chemical agent resulting in a zone of inhibition (usually in millimeters) of growth of the microbe corresponding to the susceptibility of the strain to the agent.

Materials placed inside a root canal for the purpose of obturating or sealing it. The materials may be gutta-percha, silver cones, paste mixtures, or other substances. (Dorland, 28th ed, p631 & Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p187)

Ribonucleic acid in bacteria having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.

A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

A group of broad-spectrum antibiotics first isolated from the Mediterranean fungus ACREMONIUM. They contain the beta-lactam moiety thia-azabicyclo-octenecarboxylic acid also called 7-aminocephalosporanic acid.

A complex of cyclic peptide antibiotics produced by the Tracy-I strain of Bacillus subtilis. The commercial preparation is a mixture of at least nine bacitracins with bacitracin A as the major constituent. It is used topically to treat open infections such as infected eczema and infected dermal ulcers. (From Goodman and Gilman, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1140)

Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified.

A non-pathogenic species of LACTOCOCCUS found in DAIRY PRODUCTS and responsible for the souring of MILK and the production of LACTIC ACID.

An autolytic enzyme bound to the surface of bacterial cell walls. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in certain cell wall glycopeptides, particularly peptidoglycan. EC 3.5.1.28.

A pyridoxal-phosphate protein that catalyzes the conversion of L-tyrosine to tyramine and carbon dioxide. The bacterial enzyme also acts on 3-hydroxytyrosine and, more slowly, on 3-hydroxyphenylalanine. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 4.1.1.25.

Enzyme which catalyzes the peptide cross-linking of nascent CELL WALL; PEPTIDOGLYCAN.

A genus of gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, coccoid bacteria. Its organisms occur singly, in pairs, and in tetrads and characteristically divide in more than one plane to form irregular clusters. Natural populations of Staphylococcus are found on the skin and mucous membranes of warm-blooded animals. Some species are opportunistic pathogens of humans and animals.

The ability of bacteria to resist or to become tolerant to several structurally and functionally distinct drugs simultaneously. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).

Suppurative inflammation of the tissues of the internal structures of the eye frequently associated with an infection.

Bacterial proteins that share the property of binding irreversibly to PENICILLINS and other ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS derived from LACTAMS. The penicillin-binding proteins are primarily enzymes involved in CELL WALL biosynthesis including MURAMOYLPENTAPEPTIDE CARBOXYPEPTIDASE; PEPTIDE SYNTHASES; TRANSPEPTIDASES; and HEXOSYLTRANSFERASES.

The genetic complement of a BACTERIA as represented in its DNA.

Effects of dispersed recreational activities on the microbiological quality of forest surface water. (1/2300)

The microbiological quality of forest surface waters in the Greenwater River watershed was examined to investigate the influence of heavy motorized camping in an area with no sanitary facilities. Indicator densities increased during weekend human-use periods when compared to weekdays. Increases in indicator densities were also noted downstream from heavily used camping areas when compared to upstream sites. Seasonal, weekly, and diurnal fluctuations in indicator densities were observed. This study suggests that potential health hazards exist in this watershed during periods of human use. (+info)

Isolation and chemical characterization of a capsular polysaccharide antigen shared by clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. (2/2300)

Enterococci are a common cause of serious infections, especially in newborns, severely immunocompromised patients, and patients requiring intensive care. To characterize enterococcal surface antigens that are targets of opsonic antibodies, rabbits were immunized with various gentamicin-killed Enterococcus faecalis strains, and immune sera were tested in an opsonophagocytic assay against a selection of clinical isolates. Serum raised against one strain killed the homologous strain (12030) at a dilution of 1:5,120 and mediated opsonic killing of 33% of all strains tested. In addition, this serum killed two (28%) of seven vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium strains. Adsorption of sera with the homologous strain eliminated killing activity. The adsorbing antigens were resistant to treatment with proteinase K and to boiling for 1 h, but were susceptible to treatment with sodium periodate, indicating that the antigen inducing opsonic activity is a polysaccharide. Antibodies in immune rabbit sera reacted with a capsule-like structure visualized by electron microscopy both on the homologous E. faecalis strain and on a vancomycin-resistant E. faecium strain. The capsular polysaccharides from E. faecalis 12030 and E. faecium 838970 were purified, and chemical and structural analyses indicated they were identical glycerol teichoic acid-like molecules with a carbohydrate backbone structure of 6-alpha-D-glucose-1-2 glycerol-3-PO4 with substitution on carbon 2 of the glucose with an alpha-2-1-D-glucose residue. The purified antigen adsorbed opsonic killing activity from immune rabbit sera and elicited high titers of antibodies (when used to immunize rabbits) that both mediated opsonic killing of bacteria and bound to a capsule-like structure visualized by electron microscopy. These results indicate that approximately one-third of a sample of 15 E. faecalis strains and 7 vancomycin-resistant E. faecium strains possess shared capsular polysaccharides that are targets of opsonophagocytic antibodies and therefore are potential vaccine candidates. (+info)

A new hydrolase specific for taurine-conjugates of bile acids. (3/2300)

Through the investigation of the bile acid-deconjugation activities of human intestinal anaerobes, a new enzyme was discovered in Peptostreptococcus intermedius which hydrolyzed specifically the taurine-conjugates, but not the glycine-conjugates of bile acids. However, the enzymes in Streptococcus faecalis and Lactobacillus brevis hydrolyzed chiefly the glycine-conjugates. (+info)

Two-step acquisition of resistance to the teicoplanin-gentamicin combination by VanB-type Enterococcus faecalis in vitro and in experimental endocarditis. (4/2300)

The activity of vancomycin and teicoplanin combined with gentamicin was investigated in vitro against strains of Enterococcus faecalis resistant to vancomycin and susceptible to teicoplanin (VanB type) and against mutants that had acquired resistance to teicoplanin by three different mechanisms. In vitro, gentamicin selected mutants with two- to sixfold increases in the level of resistance to this antibiotic at frequencies of 10(-6) to 10(-7). Teicoplanin selected teicoplanin-resistant mutants at similar frequencies. Both mutations were required to abolish the activity of the gentamicin-teicoplanin combination. As expected, simultaneous acquisition of the two types of mutations was not observed. In therapy with gentamicin or teicoplanin alone, each selected mutants in three of seven rabbits with aortic endocarditis due to VanB-type E. faecalis BM4275. The vancomycin-gentamicin combination selected mutants that were resistant to gentamicin and to the combination. In contrast, the teicoplanin-gentamicin regimen prevented the emergence of mutants resistant to one or both components of the combination. These results suggest that two mutations are also required to suppress the in vivo activity of the teicoplanin-gentamicin combination. (+info)

Efficacy of ampicillin plus ceftriaxone in treatment of experimental endocarditis due to Enterococcus faecalis strains highly resistant to aminoglycosides. (5/2300)

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the in vitro possibilities of ampicillin-ceftriaxone combinations for 10 Enterococcus faecalis strains with high-level resistance to aminoglycosides (HLRAg) and to assess the efficacy of ampicillin plus ceftriaxone, both administered with humanlike pharmacokinetics, for the treatment of experimental endocarditis due to HLRAg E. faecalis. A reduction of 1 to 4 dilutions in MICs of ampicillin was obtained when ampicillin was combined with a fixed subinhibitory ceftriaxone concentration of 4 micrograms/ml. This potentiating effect was also observed by the double disk method with all 10 strains. Time-kill studies performed with 1 and 2 micrograms of ampicillin alone per ml or in combination with 5, 10, 20, 40, and 60 micrograms of ceftriaxone per ml showed a > or = 2 log10 reduction in CFU per milliliter with respect to ampicillin alone and to the initial inoculum for all 10 E. faecalis strains studied. This effect was obtained for seven strains with the combination of 2 micrograms of ampicillin per ml plus 10 micrograms of ceftriaxone per ml and for six strains with 5 micrograms of ceftriaxone per ml. Animals with catheter-induced endocarditis were infected intravenously with 10(8) CFU of E. faecalis V48 or 10(5) CFU of E. faecalis V45 and were treated for 3 days with humanlike pharmacokinetics of 2 g of ampicillin every 4 h, alone or combined with 2 g of ceftriaxone every 12 h. The levels in serum and the pharmacokinetic parameters of the humanlike pharmacokinetics of ampicillin or ceftriaxone in rabbits were similar to those found in humans treated with 2 g of ampicillin or ceftriaxone intravenously. Results of the therapy for experimental endocarditis caused by E. faecalis V48 or V45 showed that the residual bacterial titers in aortic valve vegetations were significantly lower in the animals treated with the combinations of ampicillin plus ceftriaxone than in those treated with ampicillin alone (P < 0.001). The combination of ampicillin and ceftriaxone showed in vitro and in vivo synergism against HLRAg E. faecalis. (+info)

The osmoprotectant glycine betaine inhibits salt-induced cross-tolerance towards lethal treatment in Enterococcus faecalis. (6/2300)

The response of Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 19433 to salt stress has been characterized previously in complex media. In this report, it has been demonstrated that this bacterium actively accumulates the osmoprotectant glycine betaine (GB) from salt-enriched complex medium BHI. To further understand the specific effects of GB and other osmoprotective compounds in salt adaptation and salt-induced cross-tolerance to lethal challenges, a chemically defined medium lacking putative osmoprotectants was used. In this medium, bacterial growth was significantly reduced by increasing concentrations of NaCl. At 0.75 M NaCl, 90% inhibition of the growth rate was observed; GB and its structural analogues restored growth to the non-salt-stressed level. In contrast, proline, pipecolate and ectoine did not allow growth recovery of stressed cells. Kinetic studies showed that the uptake of betaines shows strong structural specificity and occurs through a salt-stress-inducible high-affinity porter [Km = 3.3 microM; Vmax = 130 nmol min(-1) (mg protein)(-1); the uptake activity increased 400-fold in the presence of 0.5 M NaCl]. Moreover, GB and its analogues were accumulated as non-metabolizable cytosolic osmolytes and reached intracellular levels ranging from 1-3 to 1.5 micromol (mg protein)(-1). In contrast to the beneficial effect of GB on the growth of salt-stressed cultures of E. faecalis, its accumulation inhibits the salt-induced cross-tolerance to a heterologous lethal challenge. Indeed, pretreatment of bacterial cells with 0.5 M NaCl induced resistance to 0.3% bile salts (survival of adapted cells increased by a factor of 6800). The presence of GB in the adaptation medium reduced the acquisition of bile salts resistance 680-fold. The synthesis of 11 of the 13 proteins induced during salt adaptation was significantly reduced in the presence of GB. These results raise questions about the actual beneficial effect of GB in natural environments where bacteria are often subjected to various stresses. (+info)

Microbiological and inflammatory effects of murine recombinant interleukin-10 in two models of polymicrobial peritonitis in rats. (7/2300)

A protective effect of interleukin-10 (IL-10) against the development of lethal shock has been demonstrated in various animal models. In contrast, the immunosuppressant properties of this mediator have been minimally evaluated in low-mortality models of infections. The clinical, microbiological, and inflammatory effects of murine recombinant IL-10 (mrIL-10) therapy were evaluated in two models of peritonitis in rats, which differed in the degree of severity of peritoneal inflammation 3 days after inoculation of Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis with or without Enterococcus faecalis. The severity of the disease remained unchanged compared to that in control animals. A dose-related decrease in the peritoneal phagocyte count was observed in the treated groups compared to the counts in control animals. The subsequent experiments were performed exclusively in the mixed gram-positive-gram negative model, which exhibits an intense and prolonged inflammatory response with similar criteria. The early effects of mrIL-10 (evaluated 6 h after inoculation), repeated injections of mrIL-10 (four doses injected from 0 to 9 h after bacterial challenge), and pretreatment (two doses injected 6 and 3 h before inoculation) were evaluated. The clinical and microbiological parameters remained unchanged in the treated animals. Decreases in the peritoneal phagocyte count and the peritoneal concentration of tumor necrosis factor were observed following repeated injections of mrIL-10. In summary, our data suggest that mrIL-10 does not worsen the manifestations of sepsis. However, these results need to be confirmed in clinical practice. (+info)

Isolation of Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates that efficiently adhere to human bladder carcinoma T24 cells and inhibition of adhesion by fibronectin and trypsin treatment. (8/2300)

The adherence of Enterococcus faecalis strains to human T24 cells was examined by scanning electron microscopy. Five highly adhesive strains were identified from 30 strains isolated from the urine of patients with urinary tract infections. No efficiently adhesive strains were found among the 30 strains isolated from the feces of healthy students. The five isolated strains also adhered efficiently to human bladder epithelial cells. Analysis of restriction endonuclease-digested plasmid DNAs and chromosome DNAs showed that the five strains were different strains isolated from different patients. The adhesiveness of these strains was inhibited by treatment with fibronectin or trypsin, implying that a specific protein (adhesin) on the bacterial cell surface mediates adherence to fibronectin on the host cell surfaces, and the adhesin differs from the reported adhesins. (+info)

... and faecalis, or the enterococcus. Horder, as well as John Hannah Drysdale, Hugh Thursfield, Frank Atcherley Rose, and W. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_William_Andrewes

Enterococcus faecalis) and their phage. The genes coding for the lytic system of the pneumococcal phage, Dp-1, has been cloned ... "Role of mobile DNA in the evolution of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis". Science. 299 (5615): 2071-2074. Bibcode: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dp-1_holin_family

Kemp KD, Singh KV, Nallapareddy SR, Murray BE (November 2007). "Relative contributions of Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF sortase- ... a second pilus gene cluster in Enterococcus faecalis?". Current Microbiology. 59 (2): 206-11. doi:10.1007/s00284-009-9422-y. ... "Endocarditis and biofilm-associated pili of Enterococcus faecalis". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 116 (10): 2799-807. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sortase

... faecalis, E. faecium, E. durans, and E. avium). For example, Streptococcus faecalis is now Enterococcus faecalis. E. faecalis ... Köhler W (June 2007). "The present state of species within the genera Streptococcus and Enterococcus". International Journal of ... Many former group D streptococci have been reclassified and placed in the genus Enterococcus (including E. ... many bacteria formerly grouped in the genus Streptococcus were separated out into the genera Enterococcus and Lactococcus. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptococcus

Enterococcus faecalis did this by releasing a bacteriocin. Female hoopoes transfer preen oil onto their brood patches and eggs ... One study of Eurasian hoopoes showed that the presence of symbiotic bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis) in their preen oil ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preening

... aeruginosa Serratia marcescens Enterococcus faecalis Peptococcus spp. Peptostreptococcus spp. Mezlocillin can be made in a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezlocillin

... a new type of acquired glycopeptide resistance in Enterococcus faecalis BM4405". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 43 (9 ... "The vanG glycopeptide resistance operon from Enterococcus faecalis revisited". Molecular Microbiology. 50 (3): 931-48. doi: ... Dutka-Malen S, Molinas C, Arthur M, Courvalin P (March 1992). "Sequence of the vanC gene of Enterococcus gallinarum BM4174 ... in Enterococcus casseliflavus". Microbial Drug Resistance. 15 (1): 1-9. doi:10.1089/mdr.2009.0856. PMID 19216682. D-alanine-D- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-alanine—D-serine_ligase

... and Enterococcus faecalis. Hospital-acquired infections may be due to coliform bacteria and enterococci, as well as other ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyelonephritis

UNC41MFS5, Enterococcus faecalis, and Enterococcus faecalis 13-SD-W-01. In the C1orf131 orthologs the DUF domains are typically ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C1orf131

Real-time PCR method to detect Enterococcus faecalis in water. Biotechnology Letters, 25, 3, 261-5. S J Corbett, G L Rubin, G K ... Enterococcus is a large genus of lactic acid phylum Firmicutes Fecal enterococci inhabit gastrointestinal tract of animals. ... detection of the faecal indicator bacterium Enterococcus faecalis in water stored in traditional vessels. The Indian Journal of ... Enterococcus bacteria is not harmful by itself, but it indicates harmful bacteria is in the water. These types of bacteria can ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beach_advisory

"The incongruent gelatinase genotype and phenotype in Enterococcus faecalis are due to shutting off the ability to respond to ... "Structure-activity relationship of gelatinase biosynthesis-activating pheromone of Enterococcus faecalis". J. Bacteriol. 191 (2 ... pheromone abbreviated as GBAP is a cyclic peptide produced by pathogenic bacteria such as Enterococcus faecalis. GAP is part of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelatinase_biosynthesis-activating_pheromone

Enterococcus faecalis and/or other facultative enteric bacteria or Pseudomonas sp. are found in this situation. Endodontic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_canal_treatment

Maadani A, Fox KA, Mylonakis E, Garsin DA (May 2007). "Enterococcus faecalis mutations affecting virulence in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_microcompartment

"Ethanolamine Activates a Sensor Histidine Kinase Regulating Its Utilization in Enterococcus faecalis". Journal of Bacteriology ... "Multiple posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms partner to control ethanolamine utilization in Enterococcus faecalis". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobalamin_riboswitch

"Modular design of the Enterococcus hirae muramidase-2 and Streptococcus faecalis autolysin". FEMS Microbiology Letters. 70 (3 ... The region was originally identified as a C-terminal repeat found in the Enterococcus hirae muramidase. The LysM domain is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LysM_domain

Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus durans and Streptococcus bovis Group F, G & L - Streptococcus ... Priloska, G (2008). "Virulence factors and antibiotic resistance in Enterococcus faecalis isolated from urine samples". Prilozi ... Notably, Enterococci and Streptococcus bovis (Lancefield Group D) are not beta-hemolytic. Though there are many groups of ... Enterococcus, formerly known as Group D Streptococcus, were classified as members of the genus Streptococcus until 1984 and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lancefield_grouping

Weaver KE, Jensen KD, Colwell A, Sriram SI (April 1996). "Functional analysis of the Enterococcus faecalis plasmid pAD1-encoded ... "An intramolecular upstream helix ensures the stability of a toxin-encoding RNA in Enterococcus faecalis". J. Bacteriol. 191 (5 ... "Isolation of a derivative of Escherichia coli-Enterococcus faecalis shuttle vector pAM401 temperature sensitive for maintenance ... determinant is a 400 bp locus of the pAD1 plasmid which encodes a type I toxin-antitoxin system in Enterococcus faecalis. It ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Par_stability_determinant

Multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are associated with nosocomial infections. These strains ... include: penicillin-resistant Enterococcus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, and linezolid-resistant Enterococcus. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_antibiotic-resistant_bacteria

Tsigrelis C, Singh KV, Coutinho TD, Murray BE, Baddour LM (February 2007). "Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis ... cell wall contains a thick layer of peptidoglycan and no outer membrane-notably Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis ... Acquired resistance to linezolid was reported as early as 1999, in two patients with severe, multidrug-resistant Enterococcus ... Ang JY, Lua JL, Turner DR, Asmar BI (December 2003). "Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium endocarditis in a premature ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linezolid

2003). "Role of mobile DNA in the evolution of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis". Science. 299 (5615): 2071-4. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sequenced_bacterial_genomes

... extracts have weak antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus. "Virola ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virola_elongata

... and Enterococcus faecalis have developed resistance to imipenem to varying degrees. Not many species are resistant to imipenem ... It is particularly important for its activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the Enterococcus species. It is not active ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imipenem

Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and ... Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas, Escherichia and Klebsiella, Salmonella Antimicrobial. S. mauritiana. Roots and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acmella_oleracea

... also shows in vitro activity against vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis. Other ... may show in vitro susceptibility, and dalbavancin may exhibit activity against enterococci expressing the VanB or VanC ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalbavancin

... such as Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus and Clostridium perfringens. A diverse range of studies has been done on ... "Complete genome sequence and comparative genomic analysis of Enterococcus faecalis EF-2001, a probiotic bacterium". Genomics. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytolysin

One of the two DUF1646 RNAs in Enterococcus faecalis was independently detected by term-seq. Data from both discoveries suggest ... A DUF1646 RNA occurs upstream of an operon in Enterococcus hirae that was shown to regulate the downstream genes based on ... operon in Enterococcus hirae". Archives of Microbiology. 178 (3): 172-179. doi:10.1007/s00203-002-0440-4. PMID 12189418. S2CID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DUF1646_RNA_motif

"An Intramolecular Upstream Helix Ensures the Stability of a Toxin-Encoding RNA in Enterococcus faecalis". Journal of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addiction_module

... and characterization of a novel endo-alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase from Enterococcus faecalis". Biochemical and Biophysical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycopeptide_alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase

... vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecalis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Streptococcus anginosus grp ... vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecalis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Streptococcus agalactiae, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tigecycline

Enterococcus faecalis, Vibrio sp., and Lactobacillus reuteri. Bacteria which give negative results for the indole test include ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indole_test

Enterococcus. *BEA+: Enterococcus faecalis *Urinary tract infection. *Enterococcus faecium. Bacillales. (Cat+). Staphylococcus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S._pneumoniae

Enterococcus. *BEA+: Enterococcus faecalis *Urinary tract infection. *Enterococcus faecium. Bacillales. (Cat+). Staphylococcus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ritter's_disease

"Transfer of Streptococcus faecalis and Streptococcus faecium to the genus Enterococcus nom. rev. as Enterococcus faecalis comb ... and Enterococcus faecium comb. nov.". Int. J. Sys. Bacteriol. 34: 31-34. doi:10.1099/00207713-34-1-31.. ... Enterococcus é un xénero de bacterias do ácido láctico do filo Firmicutes. Os enterococos son cocos grampositivos, que adoitan ... 2002). The Enterococci: Pathogenesis, Molecular Biology, and Antibiotic Resistance. Washington, D.C.: ASM Press. ISBN 978-1- ...

https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterococcus

The presence of Gram positive bacteria such as Enterococcus and Staphylococcus increased.[41] ... and Enterococcus (7%) among others.[6][24][25] Urinary tract infections due to Staphylococcus aureus typically occur secondary ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_Tract_Infections

... has been a leading cause of multi-drug resistant enterococcal infections over Enterococcus faecalis in the ... Enterococcus faecium is a Gram-positive, alpha-hemolytic or nonhemolytic bacterium in the genus Enterococcus.[1] It can be ... "In Gilmore MS, Clewell DB, Ike Y. Enterococci: From Commensals to Leading Causes of Drug Resistant Infection. PMID 24649504.. ... Enterococci: From Commensals to Leading Causes of Drug Resistant Infection. Boston: Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary. PMID ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterococcus_faecium

Enterococcus faecalis bacterium dairy cream Enterococcus faecalis bacterium meat ham [2] Enterococcus faecalis bacterium soy ... Enterococcus faecalis bacterium vegetable pickle [2] Enterococcus faecalis bacterium meat sausage Enterococcus faecalis ... Enterococcus faecalis bacterium cheese [2] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_microorganisms_used_in_food_and_beverage_preparation

The DNA sequence of the VRSA vanA gene was identical to that of a vancomycin-resistant strain of Enterococcus faecalis ... In vitro and in vivo experiments reported in 1992 demonstrated that vancomycin resistance genes from Enterococcus faecalis ... Strains of hVISA and VISA do not have resistant genes found in Enterococcus and the proposed mechanisms of resistance include ... Vancomycin MICs of the VRSA isolate were consistent with the VanA phenotype of Enterococcus species, and the presence of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vancomycin-resistant_Staphylococcus_aureus

L. acidophilusen andui batzuek Enterococcus faecalis, Salmonella eta Staphylococcus aureus bakterio kaltegarrien hazkuntza, ...

https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactobacillus_acidophilus

Enterococcus. *BEA+: Enterococcus faecalis *Urinary tract infection. *Enterococcus faecium. Bacillales. (Cat+). Staphylococcus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetanus

Enterococcus faecalis,[12] a Gram-positive bacterium. *Zymomonas mobilis,[citation needed] a Gram-negative facultative anaerobe ... Gram-positive bacteria such as Enterococcus faecalis,[7][full citation needed][page needed][better source needed] as well as ... "2-Ketogluconate fermentation by Streptococcus faecalis". J. Bacteriol. 87 (4): 844-851. doi:10.1128/JB.87.4.844-851.1964. PMC ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entner–Doudoroff_pathway

... faecalis, E. faecium, E. durans, and E. avium).[14] For example, Streptococcus faecalis is now Enterococcus faecalis. E. ... Group D (enterococci)Edit. Many former group D streptococci have been reclassified and placed in the genus Enterococcus ( ... In 1984, many bacteria formerly considered Streptococcus were separated out into the genera Enterococcus and Lactococcus.[4] ... Köhler W (June 2007). "The present state of species within the genera Streptococcus and Enterococcus". International Journal of ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptococcus

"Transfer of Streptococcus faecalis and Streptococcus faecium to the genus Enterococcus nom. rev. as Enterococcus faecalis comb ... and Enterococcus faecium comb. nov.". Int. J. Sys. Bacteriol. 34: 31-34. doi:10.1099/00207713-34-1-31. ... Enterococci are Gram-positive cocci that often occur in pairs or short chains. They look like streptococci.[1] Two species are ... 2002). The Enterococci: pathogenesis, molecular biology, and antibiotic resistance. Washington, D.C.: ASM Press. ISBN 978-1- ...

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterococcus

"Effects of single and combined supplementation of Enterococcus faecalis, mannan oligosaccharide and polyhydroxybutyrate acid on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mannan_oligosaccharide-based_nutritional_supplements

... how treatment of MRSA infections has selected for vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, and the importance of antibiotic ... "SHEA guideline for preventing nosocomial transmission of multidrug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MRSA

O Enterococcus faecalis e Enterococcus faecium resistentes a multidrogas están asociados a infeccións nosocomiais ( ... hospitalarias).[136] Entre estas cepas están: Enterococcus resistente á penicilina, Enterococcus resistente á vancomicina, e ... Streptococcus e Enterococcus[editar , editar a fonte]. As infeccións por Streptococcus pyogenes (Streptococcus do grupo A: GAS ... Enterococcus resistente á vancomicina, Acinetobacter baumannii resistente a multifármacos.[15] ...

https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistencia_a_antibióticos

Enterococcus. *BEA+: Enterococcus faecalis *Urinary tract infection. *Enterococcus faecium. Bacillales. (Cat+). Staphylococcus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clostridium_difficile_colitis

One study has shown that Enterococcus faecalis was still present in the dentin after 40 minutes of exposure of 1.3% and 2.5% ... sodium hypochlorite, whereas 40 minutes at a concentration of 5.25% was effective in E. faecalis removal.[48] In addition to ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_hypochlorite

Enterococcus faecalis, Enterobacter cloacae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae.[42]. Other usesEdit. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-acetylcysteine

Enterococcus faecalis တို့ကြောင့်ဖြစ်သည်။ ဆေးရုံတွင်ဖြစ်သည့် ကျောက်ကပ်ရောင်ရောဂါများမှာ coliform နှင့် enterococci ဘက် ...

https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/ကျောက်ကပ်ရောင်ရောဂါ

Salmonella enterica or Enterococcus faecalis.[46]. Invertebrates such as millipedes, insects, isopods, and gastropods can ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caenorhabditis_elegans

Three main resistance variants have been characterised to date among resistant Enterococcus faecium and E. faecalis populations ... Peter J Collignon (1999). "Vancomycin-resistant enterococci and use of avoparcin in animal feed: is there a link?". Med J Aust ... In enterococci, this modification appears to be due to the expression of an enzyme that alters the terminal residue. ... Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus emerged in 1987. Vancomycin resistance evolved in more common pathogenic organisms during the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vancomycin_hydrochloride

Enterococcus. *BEA+: Enterococcus faecalis *Urinary tract infection. *Enterococcus faecium. Bacillales. (Cat+). Staphylococcus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_gangrene

... and Enterococcus faecalis) than newer fluoroquinolones.[36]. Bacterial resistance[edit]. See also: Antibiotic abuse and ... Numerous pathogens, including enterococci, Streptococcus pyogenes and Klebsiella pneumoniae (quinolone-resistant) now exhibit ... Clostridium innocuum and Enterococcus faecium strains have developed resistance to ciprofloxacin to varying degrees.[41] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cipro

... and Enterococcus faecalis.[3][4] Tedizolid is a second-generation oxazolidinone derivative that is 4-to-16-fold more potent ... against staphylococci and enterococci compared to linezolid.[5] The recommended dosage for treatment is 200 mg once daily for a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tedizolid

Enterococcus faecalis NCTC12201, and E. faecalis NCTC12203 (both VRE). Bottromycin A2 had low micromolar activity against all ... It has been shown to inhibit methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) ... Antibiotic Streptomyces Secondary metabolite Peptide MRSA Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus Waisvisz, J. M. (1957). " ... a potent antibiotic active against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci". Chem. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bottromycin

Enterococcus. *BEA+: Enterococcus faecalis *Urinary tract infection. *Enterococcus faecium. Bacillales. (Cat+). Staphylococcus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_infectious_diseases

Europäische Faulbrut (EFB) - Haupterreger: Melissococcus plutonius, daneben: Enterococcus faecalis, Paenibacillus alvei, ...

https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_von_Bienenkrankheiten

Enterococcus. *BEA+: Enterococcus faecalis *Urinary tract infection. *Enterococcus faecium. Bacillales. (Cat+). Staphylococcus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_parasites_of_humans

Enterococcus. BEA+: Enterococcus faecalis (Urinary tract infection) · Enterococcus faecium. Bacillales. (Cat+). Staphylococcus ...

https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram_positive

Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, and Streptococcus species.[5] Medical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreatic_abscess

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Enterococcus faecalis.. *Type strain of Enterococcus faecalis at BacDive - the Bacterial ... Prior to 1984, enterococci were members of the genus Streptococcus; thus, E. faecalis was known as Streptococcus faecalis.[24] ... "Transfer of Streptococcus faecalis and Streptococcus faecium to the Genus Enterococcus nom. rev. as Enterococcus faecalis comb ... Enterococcus faecalis - formerly classified as part of the group D Streptococcus system - is a Gram-positive, commensal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterococcus_faecalis

Enterococcus faecalis (Streptococcus faecalis)Imported. Automatic assertion inferred from database entriesi ... tr,Q9AL06,Q9AL06_ENTFL Uncharacterized protein OS=Enterococcus faecalis OX=1351 PE=4 SV=1 ...

https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9AL06

Most Washoe County offices will be closed Monday, February 18, in observance of Presidents Day, including Administrative offices, Social Services, Libraries, Courts, Attorneys Office, Washoe County Sheriffs Office, Regional Animal Services and Health District. The County Clerk at the Washoe County Complex on Ninth St. and Wells Ave., in Reno will remain open throughout the holiday from 8 a.m. to midnight for the issuance of marriage licenses, fictitious firm names and notary bond filings, as well as property tax payments for the Treasurers Office ...

https://www.washoecounty.us/health/programs-and-services/communicable-diseases-and-epidemiology/healthcare_professionals/antimicrobial-resistance/antibiogram/enterococcus-faecalis.php

Enterococcus faecalis X98 genomic scaffold supercont1.1, whole genome shotgun sequence. GenBank: GG688423.1 ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/239977008?report=fasta

Enterococcus faecalis is the most commonly isolated of the genera. According to Elmer Koneman, M.D., it is associated with 80 ... Enterococcus faecalis and all of the enterococci are closely related to the streptococci and appear microscopically as spheres ... One of the most important and serious factors about Enterococcus faecalis and the other enterococci is its resistance to a ... "Enterococcus faecalis,infection with enterococci,vancomycin resistance]"} Get the latest tips on diet, exercise and ...

https://www.livestrong.com/article/83987-characteristics-enterococcus-faecalis/

Enterococcus faecalis. Mutation(s): 6 Gene Names: lacC. EC: 2.7.1.144. Find proteins for Q833W9 (Enterococcus faecalis (strain ... Crystal structure of LacC from Enterococcus faecalis. Gorman, J., Shapiro, L.. To be published. ...

https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2AWD

Enterococcus faecalis (Streptococcus faecalis)Imported. Automatic assertion inferred from database entriesi ... tr,Q8KMU4,Q8KMU4_ENTFL EJ97 enterocin OS=Enterococcus faecalis OX=1351 GN=ej97a PE=4 SV=1 ...

https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8KMU4

Enterococcus faecalis, formerly known as Streptococcus faecalis, is a gram-positive bacterium with a low G+C content in its ... Enterococcus faecalis cells cannot synthesize porphyrins and do not rely on heme for growth but can take up heme and use it to ... Enterococcus faecalis Heme-Dependent Catalase Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from Journal of ... Enterococcus faecalis V583 contains a cytochrome bd-type respiratory oxidase. J. Bacteriol.182:3863-3866. ...

https://jb.asm.org/content/184/22/6351?ijkey=f8d6e27f80ee92d3c6c9eb7835fb2f32acd734e8&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

2007) Enterococcus faecalis Mutations Affecting Virulence in the C. elegans Model Host. Infect Immun 75:2634-2637. ... 2000) Enterococcus faecalis adhesin, ace, mediates attachment to extracellular matrix proteins collagen type IV and laminin as ... 2003) Role of mobile DNA in the evolution of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis. Science 299:2071-2074. ... 2008) Ethanolamine activates a sensor histidine kinase regulating its utilization in Enterococcus faecalis. J Bacteriol 12:7147 ...

http://www.pnas.org/content/106/11/4435.full

A family of fibrinogen-binding MSCRAMMs from Enterococcus faecalis.. Sillanpää J1, Nallapareddy SR, Houston J, Ganesh VK, ... We report that three (EF0089, EF2505 and EF1896, renamed here Fss1, Fss2 and Fss3, respectively, for Enterococcus faecalis ... Effect of insertional inactivation of fss2 on surface expression of Fss2 and adherence of E. faecalis OG1RF to Fg. (a) Flow- ... Binding of the three E. faecalis MSCRAMMs to human Fg. (a) A collection of recombinant segments from Fss1, Fss2 and Fss3 were ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19389755?dopt=Abstract

Enterococcus faecalis ATCC ® 19433NA™ Designation: NCTC 775 TypeStrain=True Application: Control Culture Media testing Quality ...

https://www.atcc.org/Products/Quality_Control_Strains/By_Organization__Company/19433NA.aspx?slp=1

Enterococcus faecalis ATCC ® 51299™ Designation: NJ-3 TypeStrain=False Application: Quality control strain Susceptibility disc ... Enterococcus faecalis (Andrewes and Horder) Schleifer and Kilpper-Balz (ATCC® 51299™) Strain Designations: NJ-3 / Type Strain: ... Enterococcus faecalis (Andrewes and Horder) Schleifer and Kilpper-Balz (ATCC® 51299-MINI-PACK™) Add to ... Enterococcus faecalis (Andrewes and Horder) Schleifer and Kilpper-Balz ATCC® 51299™ freeze-dried ...

https://www.atcc.org/en/Global/Products/F/E/A/8/51299.aspx?slp=1

Enterococcus faecalis. Mutation(s): 0 Gene Names: mvaS. EC: 4.1.3.5 (PDB Primary Data), 2.3.3.10 (UniProt). ... X-ray Crystal Structures of HMG-CoA Synthase from Enterococcus faecalis and a Complex with Its Second Substrate/Inhibitor ... Crystal structure of HMG-CoA synthase from Enterococcus faecalis. *DOI: 10.2210/pdb1X9E/pdb ... the structure of HMG-CoA synthase from Enterococcus faecalis (MVAS) was determined by selenomethionine MAD phasing to 2.4 A and ...

https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1x9e

Esp-Independent Biofilm Formation by Enterococcus faecalis. Christopher J. Kristich, Yung-Hua Li, Dennis G. Cvitkovitch, Gary M ... Esp-Independent Biofilm Formation by Enterococcus faecalis. Christopher J. Kristich, Yung-Hua Li, Dennis G. Cvitkovitch, Gary M ... Esp-Independent Biofilm Formation by Enterococcus faecalis. Christopher J. Kristich, Yung-Hua Li, Dennis G. Cvitkovitch, Gary M ... Esp-Independent Biofilm Formation by Enterococcus faecalis Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from Journal ...

https://jb.asm.org/content/186/1/154/figures-only

Gene context of Enterococcus faecalis. *The flavoprotein NADH oxidase from Streptococcus faecalis 10C1, which catalyzes the ... The pathogenesis of Enterococcus (Streptococcus) faecalis was studied in mice with E. faecalis intestinal overgrowth (10(9) - ... Evidence for the translocation of Enterococcus faecalis across the mouse intestinal tract. Wells, C.L., Jechorek, R.P., ... Endocarditis due to streptomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecalis with high-level gentamicin resistance. Spiegel, C.A., Huycke ...

https://www.wikigenes.org/e/mesh/e/541.html

We show that the tetrameric small alarmone synthetase (SAS) RelQ from the Gram-positive pathogen Enterococcus faecalis is a ... 2009) The molecular alarmone (p)ppGpp mediates stress responses, vancomycin tolerance, and virulence in Enterococcus faecalis. ... mRNA is a potent inhibitor of ppGpp synthesis by E. faecalis RelQ. (A) 3H ppGpp synthesis activity of 250 nM E. faecalis RelQ ( ... Negative allosteric regulation of Enterococcus faecalis small alarmone synthetase RelQ by single-stranded RNA. Jelena ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/114/14/3726.full

Enterococcus faecalis,/i, and ,i,Enterococcus faecium,/i,. For this purpose, 79 clinical isolates of Malaysian enterococci were ... In conclusion, the pathogenicity of ,i,E. faecalis,/i, and ,i,E. faecium,/i, could be associated with different virulence ... i,Enterococcus,/i,, a Gram-positive facultative anaerobic cocci belonging to the lactic acid bacteria of the phylum Firmicutes ... Among them only two, that is, Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis, are now being increasingly recognized to be ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/tswj/2014/623174/

Pentose phosphate pathway - Enterococcus faecalis Symbioflor 1 [ Pathway menu , Organism menu , Pathway entry , Download KGML ...

http://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?efs00030

... Masato Nagayoshi ... "Bactericidal Effects of Diode Laser Irradiation on Enterococcus faecalis Using Periapical Lesion Defect Model," ISRN Dentistry ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn/2011/870364/cta/

Enterococcus faecalis appears in many tooth root infections and is not eliminated by root canal therapy. It can reside in tooth ... Nonetheless, E faecalis may be a "keystone" player in dental implant bone loss or peri-implantitis. That is, E faecalis may be ... However, E faecalis is not detectable with some culture techniques and thus can be missed. It is usually not a dominant species ...

https://insights.ovid.com/jooido/201702000/00005369-201702000-00003

From: Enterococcus faecalis YM0831 suppresses sucrose-induced hyperglycemia in a silkworm model and in humans ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-019-0407-5/email/correspondent/c2/new?error=cookies_not_supported&code=dfb4b777-a5e3-44a5-9d34-f7623526f08f

The complete genome sequence of Enterococcus faecalisV583, a vancomycin-resistant clinical isolate, revealed that more than a ... Role of Mobile DNA in the Evolution of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis ... Role of Mobile DNA in the Evolution of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis ... Role of Mobile DNA in the Evolution of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis ...

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/299/5615/2071.long

Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of a clump of Enterococcus faecalis bacteria. This Gram-positive coccus (round ... Caption: Enterococcus faecalis bacteria. Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of a clump of Enterococcus faecalis ... enterococcus faecalis, false-colored, false-coloured, gram-positive, hai, hospital acquired, hospital-acquired infections, ...

http://www.sciencephoto.com/media/690468/view

... of Enterococcus faecalis and 25.2% of Enterococcus faecium isolates. Only 3.3% and 2.1% of E. faecalis isolates had elevated ... Enterococcus faecalis, and Enterococcus faecium clinical isolates collected from the China Antimicrobial Surveillance... ... Transferable Resistance Gene optrA in Enterococcus faecalis from Swine in Brazil OptrA is an ATP-binding cassette (ABC)-F ... Here, we isolated 13 Enterococcus faecalis strains possessing a linezolid MIC of ≥4 mg/liter from nursery pigs in swine herds ...

https://aac.asm.org/keyword/enterococcus-faecalis

... and Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus faecalis. or faecium (VRE) ... and/or Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus faecalis or faecium ( ... and/or Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus faecalis or faecium (VRE) (pdf) ...

https://www.epa.gov/pesticide-registration/list-h-epas-registered-antimicrobial-products-effective-against-methicillin

Enterococcus Faecalis*Escherichia Coli*Hydrocortisone*Pseudomonas Aeruginosa*Staphylococcus Aureus Cell Products. Available ...

https://drugs-about.com/drugs-t/tricho-kolpicortin.html

Among enterococci, Enterococcus faecalis occurs ubiquitously, with the highest incidence of human and animal infections. The ... A Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Enterococcus faecalis. Bernd Neumann, Karola Prior, Jennifer K. Bender, Dag ... A Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Enterococcus faecalis. Bernd Neumann, Karola Prior, Jennifer K. Bender, Dag ... A Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Enterococcus faecalis. Bernd Neumann, Karola Prior, Jennifer K. Bender, Dag ...

https://jcm.asm.org/content/57/3/e01686-18.abstract

Among enterococci, Enterococcus faecalis occurs ubiquitously, with the highest incidence of human and animal infections. The ... Comparative genomics of enterococci: variation in Enterococcus faecalis, clade structure in E. faecium, and defining ... Enterococcus faecalis urinary-tract infections: do they have a zoonotic origin? J Infect 73:305-313. doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2016.07 ... Biodiversity of Enterococcus faecalis based on genomic typing. Int J Food Microbiol 165:27-34. doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro. ...

https://jcm.asm.org/content/57/3/e01686-18

Endocarditis Enterococcus faecalis Bacteremia Echocardiography Management score Electronic supplementary material. The online ... faecalis compared to other enterococci [3, 4, 6, 7], prosthetic heart valves [3, 5, 7], heart murmur [2, 4], previous ... Risk factors of endocarditis in patients with Enterococcus faecalis bacteremia: external validation of the NOVA score. Clin ... The DENOVA score efficiently identifies patients with monomicrobial Enterococcus faecalis bacteremia where echocardiography is ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs15010-018-1208-3

For this purpose, 79 clinical isolates of Malaysian enterococci were evaluated for the presence of virulence genes. (hindawi.com)
The in vitro activities of ceftaroline and tedizolid were compared against Staphylococcus aureus , Enterococcus faecalis , and Enterococcus faecium clinical isolates collected from the China Antimicrobial Surveillance. (asm.org)
High-level aminoglycoside resistance was noted in 30.0% of Enterococcus faecalis and 25.2% of Enterococcus faecium isolates. (asm.org)
Only 3.3% and 2.1% of E. faecalis isolates had elevated daptomycin MIC (≥2 mg/liter) and vancomycin. (asm.org)
This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity, heteroresistance emergence, and resistance mechanism of omadacycline (OMC) in clinical Enterococcus faecalis isolates from China. (asm.org)
To test the E. faecalis cgMLST scheme and assess the typing performance, different collections comprising environmental and bacteremia isolates, as well as all publicly available genome sequences from the NCBI and SRA databases, were analyzed. (asm.org)
Clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis aggregate human platelets. (lu.se)
Here we report for the first time that many clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis, a common pathogen in infective endocarditis, aggregate human platelets. (lu.se)
Multiresistance (to five or more antimicrobials) was more common in E. faecalis isolates from BC (77.4% of isolates) samples than those from PC (25%) and RP (37.6%) samples. (pigprogress.net)
We evaluated the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with bacteremias caused by HLGR and non_HLGR Enterococcus faecalis isolates at a teaching hospital in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. (scielo.br)
We identified 145 cases of E. faecalis bacteremia: 66 (45.5%) were caused by HLGR isolates and 79 (54.5%) by non_HLGR. (scielo.br)
E. faecalis bacteremia is associated with high mortality and is frequently caused by HLGR isolates at this teaching hospital. (scielo.br)
The variability among genotyped isolates suggests that endogenous infections, rather than patient-to-patient transmission of E. faecalis , are more common at this institution. (scielo.br)
This study aimed to determine the prevalence and characteristics of E. faecalis biofilm formation in a sample of clinical isolates and to explore the virulence factors associated with biofilm formation in those isolates. (frontiersin.org)
A total of 265 E. faecalis isolates were collected from patients in Shenzhen, China. (frontiersin.org)
The expression levels of the clinical E. faecalis isolates' genes were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. (frontiersin.org)
In conclusion, the ST16 classification and linezolid resistance were positively associated with strong/medium biofilm formation in clinical E. faecalis isolates. (frontiersin.org)
cylA was associated with weak biofilm formation, and esp was only associated with strong or medium biofilm formation of the clinical E. faecalis isolates. (frontiersin.org)
The most prevalent species cultured from humans, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium , account for more than 90% of clinical enterococcal isolates ( Fisher and Phillips, 2009 ). (frontiersin.org)
During the 20-month study period, 124 of 1506 isolates (8.2%) of E. faecalis from 70 patients were found to produce beta-lactamase. (annals.org)
Restriction enzyme digests of total chromosomal DNA showed nearly identical patterns for selected isolates of beta-lactamase-producing, high-level gentamicin-resistant E. faecalis , suggesting dissemination through the hospital of a single strain of E. faecalis . (annals.org)
In addition, two mucoid E. faecalis isolates from patients with chronic urinary tract infections were found to produce the polysaccharide antigen. (asm.org)
Characterization of Enterococcus faecalis isolates by Chicken Embryo Lethality Assay and ERIC-PCR. (upm.es)
Molecular, genomic and phenotypic analysis of representative isolates of a major clone of E. faecalis MLST ST40 revealed new insights into the microbiology of a commensal bacterium which can turn into a conditional pathogen. (biomedcentral.com)
Isolates were confirmed to be E. faecalis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and further by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to state their population structure and comparison made to sequence types previously obtained from chicken. (dtu.dk)
A total of 101 isolates were confirmed as E. faecalis by a species specific PCR. (dtu.dk)
In this study, we investigated the prevalence of HLGR enterococci and their genetic relatedness in blood culture isolates from patients with bacteraemia admitted to the 3 hospitals in Östergötland, a county in the south east of Sweden, during 1994-2001. (diva-portal.org)
36 of 250 E. faecalis (14%) and 4 of 106 E. faecium isolates (4%) were shown by PCR to carry the aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2″)-Ia aminoglycoside modifying gene and these isolates were also classified as HLGR enterococci by the gentamicin antibiotic disk diffusion method. (diva-portal.org)
A majority of HLGR E. faecalis isolates (83%) belonged to the same cluster of genetically related isolates, according to the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns, whereas all 4 HLGR E. faecium isolates had unique PFGE patterns. (diva-portal.org)
Among clinical enterococcal isolates from patients admitted to Swedish ICUs, although vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) were only sporadically found, multidrug resistance was common. (diva-portal.org)
In this study we aimed to determine occurrence of esp in E. faecium and E. faecalis isolates isolated from urinary tract infections and to investigate whether there is any correlation between presence of esp and antibiotic resistance. (eurekamag.com)
43.3% of isolates identified as E. faecium and 56.7% as E. faecalis. (eurekamag.com)
The esp gene was found in 76.1% of E. faecium isolates and 77.9% of E. faecalis isolate. (eurekamag.com)
The greatest number of E. faecalis with antibiotic resistance and virulence factors (i.e., gelatinase, cytolysin, enterococcus surface protein, and aggregation substance) originated from WWTF-1 that processed meat waste from a nearby commercial meat-processing plant, suggesting an agricultural rather than human clinical source of these isolates. (k-state.edu)
Characterization of glycopeptides, aminoglycosides and macrolide resistance among Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolates from hospitals in Tehran. (semanticscholar.org)
Drug resistance of Enterococcus faecium clinical isolates and the conjugative transfer of gentamicin and erythromycin resistance traits. (semanticscholar.org)
From a total of 46 E. faecalis investigated in this study, VanB gene was present in 10.9% of the isolates while vanA gene was not detected at all. (alliedacademies.org)
The E. faecalis isolates were first sequence typed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and characterized with respect to antibiotic resistance and properties associated with virulence. (biomedcentral.com)
However, a higher incidence of some of the virulence determinants in clinical isolates may indicate that these genes enhance the ability of E. faecalis to cause disease, as suggested by virulence studies on bacterial mutants in animal models [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In an attempt to study genetic variability of commensal E. faecalis isolates, we used genome-wide DNA arrays to probe the presence of 3219 open reading frames (ORFs) from V583 and 10 ORFs representing a 17-kb deletion in the V583 pathogenicity island in our collection of community-derived Norwegian fecal E. faecalis baby isolates. (biomedcentral.com)
However, recent reports have shown that the Enterococcus species are the most common organisms in isolates of postoperative endophthalmitis [ 2 , 3 ]. (ekjo.org)
Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis applied to isolates from the first and second infections revealed that the E. faecalis were of the same strain ( Fig. 1F ). (ekjo.org)
The enterococcal surface protein gene, esp , is a major putative pathogenicity marker in clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis . (oup.com)
Of the transconjugants analysed by PCR for acquisition of esp , only isolates from two E. faecalis and a single E. faecium mating were positive. (oup.com)

According to one study combined drug therapy has shown some efficacy in cases of severe infections (e.g. heart valves infections ) against susceptible strains of E. faecalis . (wikipedia.org)
Ampicillin - and vancomycin -sensitive E. faecalis (lacking high-level resistance to aminoglycosides ) strains can be treated by gentamicin and ampicillin antibiotics. (wikipedia.org)
Here, we isolated 13 Enterococcus faecalis strains possessing a linezolid MIC of ≥4 mg/liter from nursery pigs in swine herds located across Brazil. (asm.org)
By sequencing a representative collection of 146 E. faecalis strains isolated from hospital outbreaks, food, animals, and colonization of healthy human individuals, we established a novel cgMLST scheme with 1,972 gene targets within the Ridom SeqSphere + software. (asm.org)
We demonstrate in rats that leaking anastomotic tissues were colonized by E. faecalis strains that showed an increased collagen-degrading activity and also an increased ability to activate host MMP9, both of which contributed to anastomotic leakage. (sciencemag.org)
Either elimination of E. faecalis strains through direct topical antibiotics applied to rat intestinal tissues or pharmacological suppression of intestinal MMP9 activation prevented anastomotic leak in rats. (sciencemag.org)
These data suggest that carcasses entering the final product processing area are mostly free of E. faecalis but are recontaminated with antimicrobial-resistant strains during processing. (pigprogress.net)
and subsequent studies showed that the hemolysin/bacteriocin trait exhibited by many E. faecalis strains usually involved a conjugative plasmid (4, 6). (springer.com)
To determine the presence and expression of Enterococcus faecalis Esp gene in several strains from an in vitro model on extracted teeth. (isciii.es)
Enterococcus faecalis are a major cause of nosocomial infection worldwide, and the spread of vancomycin resistant strains (VRE) limits treatment options. (diva-portal.org)
The polysaccharide antigen was not detectable in E. faecalis strains, however. (asm.org)
Enterococcus faecalis strains are resident intestinal bacteria associated with invasive infections, inflammatory bowel diseases, and colon cancer. (asm.org)
We generated E. faecalis strains containing deletions/point mutations in this PTS and measured bacterial growth and PTS gene expression in minimal medium supplemented with selected carbohydrates. (asm.org)
We show that E. faecalis upregulates OG1RF_12399 transcription specifically in the presence of gluconate and that E. faecalis strains lacking, or harboring a single point mutation in, OG1RF_12399-12402 are unable to grow in minimal medium containing gluconate. (asm.org)
We colonized germfree wild-type and colitis-prone interleukin-10-deficient mice with defined bacterial consortia containing the E. faecalis strains and measured inflammation and bacterial abundance in the colon. (asm.org)
We infected macrophage and intestinal epithelial cell lines with the E. faecalis strains and measured intracellular bacterial survival and proinflammatory cytokine secretion. (asm.org)
Given the difficulty of estimating the risk from field strains, the Embryo Lethality Assay (ELA) is proposed in this study as model to predict the virulence of 68 avian E. faecalis strains. (upm.es)
Additionally, Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR) was used to characterize the genetic diversity of the E. faecalis strains. (upm.es)
The ELA was performed ten times with subsets of seven-eight E. faecalis strains each on a sample of 9987 eggs including control groups. (upm.es)
The ELA was able to distinguish the virulence of the E. faecalis strains. (upm.es)
In conclusion, the ELA can be considered a reliable and useful tool to predict the virulence of avian E. faecalis strains. (upm.es)
We generated the first circular closed reference genome of an E. faecalis isolate D32 of animal origin and compared it with the genomes of other reference strains. (biomedcentral.com)
Bacteraemia with HLGR enterococci in Östergötland was mainly due to the spread of a cluster related of E. faecalis strains. (diva-portal.org)
Finally, we show in humans undergoing colon surgery and treated with the standard recommended intravenous antibiotics that their anastomotic tissues still contained E. faecalis and other bacterial strains with collagen-degrading/MMP9-activating activity. (igsb.org)
The variations in gene content observed among the investigated commensal E. faecalis is comparable to the genetic variation previously reported among strains of various origins thought to be representative of the major E. faecalis lineages. (biomedcentral.com)
However, an effort to explore the gene content of commensal E. faecalis by CGH has not previously been made and little is known about genetic determinants that may explain the differences in life style between pathogenic and non-pathogenic E. faecalis strains. (biomedcentral.com)
Preinduction of E. faecalis donors with s.g.cAM373 resulted in transconjugation frequencies in non-pheromone producing strains of Streptococcus mutans , Streptococcus sanguinis , Streptococcus anginosus , and Streptococcus suis that were significantly higher than frequencies when donors were preincubated with s.g.cAM373-R or medium alone. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Nine E. faecalis strains were tested: six obtained from patients presenting endocarditis, one with isolated bacteremia, and two reference strains. (pasteur.fr)
In the present work we have used proteomic and microarray expression profiling of E. faecalis JH2-2 and an ers-deleted mutant (Δ ers mutant) strains to define the Ers regulon. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
As such, enterococci, mainly vancomycin-resistant strains, are an appropriate target for phage therapy ( 4 ). (asm.org)
Our data contain electrophoresis of E. faecalis DNA cultured from two cases, which showed that the two strains isolated from the cases were exactly identical. (ekjo.org)
In the last two decades, particularly virulent strains of Enterococcus that are resistant to vancomycin (vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, or VRE) have emerged in nosocomial infections of hospitalized patients, especially in the US. (wikipedia.org)

abstract = "Enterococcus faecalis cells are known to have ferric reductase activity and the ability to transfer electrons generated in metabolism to the external environment. (dtu.dk)

Enterococcus faecalis - formerly classified as part of the group D Streptococcus system - is a Gram-positive , commensal bacterium inhabiting the gastrointestinal tracts of humans. (wikipedia.org)
Enterococcus faecalis , formerly known as Streptococcus faecalis , is a gram-positive bacterium with a low G+C content in its genomic DNA. (asm.org)
Correspondingly, several bacterial species found within the GI tract encode the machinery necessary for ethanolamine catabolism, including, but not limited to, E. faecalis , Streptococcus sanguinis , Escherichia coli , and Salmonella , Listeria , and Clostridium species. (pnas.org)
In an effort to determine the relevance of using Western blot (WB) for the etiological diagnosis of BCNE in patients with early antibiotic use, we developed specific assays for the major infective endocarditis (IE) causative agents, namely, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus anginosus , and Streptococcus gallolyticus . (frontiersin.org)
They identified an R-plasmid (pJH1) and a hemolysin/ bacteriocin plasmid (pJH2) in a clinical isolate of Enterococcus (formerly Streptococcus ) faecalis and found both capable of transfer in broth matings (38, 39). (springer.com)
Christie, P.J., and Dunny, G.M., 1986, Identification of regions of the Streptococcus faecalis plasmid pCF-10 that encode antibiotic resistance and pheromone response functions, Plasmid 15: 230-241. (springer.com)
Hirt H, Erlandsen SL, Dunny GM (2000) Heterologous inducible expression of Enterococcus faecalis pCF10 aggregation substance Asc10 in Lactococcus lactis and Streptococcus gordonii contributes to cell hydrophobicity and adhesion to fibrin. (springer.com)
To improve drug screening of species-selective antimicrobials, Cytoskeleton offers FtsZ proteins from E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecalis . (cytoskeleton.com)
Streptococcus gordonii produces a pheromone heptapeptide, s.g.cAM373, which induces a conjugative mating response in Enterococcus faecalis cells carrying the responsive plasmid, pAM373. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Schleifer KH, Kilpper-Bälz R. Transfer of Streptococcus faecalis and Streptococcus faecium to the genus Enterococcus nom. (dsmz.de)
Members of the genus Enterococcus (from Greek έντερο, éntero, "intestine" and κοκκος, coccos, "granule") were classified as group D Streptococcus until 1984, when genomic DNA analysis indicated a separate genus classification would be appropriate. (wikipedia.org)

We recently described a cytochrome bd in E. faecalis strain V583 and here report the identification of a chromosomal gene, katA , encoding a heme-containing cytoplasmic catalase. (asm.org)
Recognizing the medical importance of this bacterium, The Institute for Genomic Research has undertaken the genome sequencing of E. faecalis strain V583. (asm.org)
E. faecalis cells do not synthesize heme, and genes for known porphyrin biosynthetic enzymes are not found in the genome sequence of strain V583. (asm.org)
We recently described a functional cytochrome bd -type quinol oxidase in E. faecalis V583 ( 27 ). (asm.org)
We report that three (EF0089, EF2505 and EF1896, renamed here Fss1, Fss2 and Fss3, respectively, for Enterococcus faecalis surface protein) of the recently predicted MSCRAMMs (microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules) in E. faecalis strain V583 bind fibrinogen (Fg). (nih.gov)
The complete genome sequence of Enterococcus faecalis V583, a vancomycin-resistant clinical isolate, revealed that more than a quarter of the genome consists of probable mobile or foreign DNA. (jcvi.org)
Then, 500 µl of overnight-grown E. faecalis V583 in brain heart infusion (BHI) medium was mixed with 10 ml of BHI medium and 10 ml of filtrate. (asm.org)
10 µl of the enriched filtrate was spotted on bacterial lawns of E. faecalis V583, and after 24 h of incubation at 37°C, clear plaques were observed. (asm.org)

Enterococci grown in serum-supplemented broth adhere to Fg-coated surfaces, and inactivation in strain OG1RF of the gene encoding Fss2 resulted in reduced adherence, whilst complementation of the mutant restored full Fg adherence. (nih.gov)
Draft Genome Sequence of Enterococcus faecalis PC1.1, a Candidate Probiotic Strain Isolated from Human Feces. (jcvi.org)
A biofilm-negative transposon mutant was created from an Enterococcus faecalis strain that produces a lot of biofilm. (nih.gov)
These results indicate that bop is involved in production of biofilm and probably regulates expression of biofilm in the E. faecalis strain tested. (nih.gov)
Although factors promoting E. faecalis colonization of intestines are not fully known, one implicated pathway is a phosphotransferase system (PTS) in E. faecalis strain OG1RF that phosphorylates gluconate and contains the genes OG1RF_12399 to OG1RF_12402 (OG1RF_12399-12402). (asm.org)
In the crystal structure of HPr from E. faecalis, a torsion strain of the backbone at position 16 was observed, which was assumed to be important to the catalytic mechanism. (uni-regensburg.de)
Here, using mutation analyses and complementation, we demonstrated that both the ebp (encoding endocarditis and biofilm-associated pili) operon and srtC are important for biofilm production of E. faecalis strain OG1RF. (tmc.edu)
Determine the suitability of a non-pathogenic Enterococcus faecalis strain as an alternative to Escherichia coli for in vivo efficacy evaluation of alcohol-based handrubs (ABHR). (biomedcentral.com)
We present a case of recurrent postoperative endophthalmitis caused by the same strain of E. faecalis , which was identified by electrophoresis of genomic DNA. (ekjo.org)
In the present case, the E. faecalis isolated from the two different specimens were of the same strain. (ekjo.org)

Patients with E. faecalis bacteremia were identified through a review of blood-culture records at the hospital microbiology laboratory. (scielo.br)

We demonstrate that the commensal bacterium Enterococcus faecalis contributes to the pathogenesis of anastomotic leak through its capacity to degrade collagen and to activate tissue matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) in host intestinal tissues. (sciencemag.org)
Enterococcus faecalis is a commensal Gram-positive pathogen found in the intestines of mammals and is also a leading cause of severe infections occurring mainly among antibiotic-treated dysbiotic hospitalized patients. (asm.org)
Enterococcus faecalis is a multifaceted microorganism known to act as a beneficial intestinal commensal bacterium. (biomedcentral.com)
In contrast to the much studied extracellular electron transfer mediated by cell surface exposed cytochromes, little is known about components and mechanisms for such electron transfer in organisms without these cytochromes and in gram-positive bacteria, like E. faecalis which is a commensal gut lactic acid bacterium and opportunistic pathogen. (dtu.dk)
Enterococcus faecalis , traditionally considered a harmless commensal of the intestinal tract, is now ranked among the leading causes of nosocomial infections. (biomedcentral.com)
In an attempt to gain insight into the genetic make-up of commensal E. faecalis , we have studied genomic variation in a collection of community-derived E. faecalis isolated from the feces of Norwegian infants. (biomedcentral.com)
The observed correlation between CGH and MLST presented here, may offer a method for the identification of lineage-specific genes, and may therefore add clues on how to distinguish pathogenic from commensal E. faecalis . (biomedcentral.com)
Peptide-mediated communication between commensal streptococci and E. faecalis carrying pheromone-responsive plasmids may facilitate conjugative DNA transfer to bystander species, and influence the reservoir of antibiotic resistance determinants of enterococcal origin in the oral metagenome. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Bacteremia with E. faecalis is usually the result of infections from other sites, like the urinary tract. (livestrong.com)
Among them only two, that is, Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis, are now being increasingly recognized to be involved in human infections such as bacteremia, endocarditis, urinary tract infections, and surgical site infections [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Factors associated with IE were studied retrospectively in a population-based cohort of patients with monomicrobial Enterococcus faecalis bacteremia (MEFsB). (springer.com)
We therefore aimed to improve the NOVA score using easy accessible clinical parameters in a population-based cohort of patients with monomicrobial E. faecalis bacteremia (MEFsB) from southern Sweden and to externally validate the NOVA score and the improved score in another cohort of patients from a tertiary referral center in another part of Sweden. (springer.com)
Enterococcus spp bacteremia is associated with high mortality and the appearance of high-level gentamicin resistance (HLGR) created additional challenges for the treatment of these infections. (scielo.br)
Patients with bacteremia due to E. faecalis diagnosed between January 1999 and December 2003 were included in the study. (scielo.br)
Enterococcus spp is the third most frequent cause of hospital-acquired bacteremia, accounting for 8% of all nosocomial bacteremias in the United States (1). (scielo.br)
Since Enterococcus spp is the second most common cause of Gram-positive blood stream infections in Brazil and that approximately 76% of all enterococcal infections are due to Enterococcus faecalis , we evaluated cases of bacteremia caused by this organism at the teaching hospital of the Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo State (8). (scielo.br)
In accordance with current guidelines, E. faecalis bacteremia was defined as at least one positive blood culture for this pathogen (9). (scielo.br)
Enterococcus faecalis accounts for the majority of enterococcal bacteremia with urinary tract infections reported as a frequent point of infection. (omicsonline.org)
Aim: To investigate different epidemiological characteristics and hospital procedures as potential risk factors for the development of UTI-related bacteremia due to E. faecalis. (omicsonline.org)
Methods: In a retrospective case control study, performed in the Capital Region of Denmark between 2010 and 2013, we compared 51 patients, with UTI-related bacteremia due to E. faecalis, to 56 patients, with urinary tract infections due to E. faecalis but without bacteremia, through univariate and multivariate analyses. (omicsonline.org)
In the multivariate analysis, male-sex and urological surgery were found to be independent significant predictors of UTI-related bacteremia due to E. faecalis. (omicsonline.org)
Conclusion: Male sex, urological surgery and catheterization are factors associated with UTI-related bacteremia due to E. faecalis. (omicsonline.org)
The emergence of E. faecalis as a common cause of bacteremia, emphasize the need for more knowledge about UTI-related bacteremia due to E. faecalis . (omicsonline.org)
Previous studies have investigated UTI-related bacteremia in general and enterococcal bacteremia, but none have investigated UTI-related bacteremia due to E. faecalis specifically. (omicsonline.org)
The aim of this retrospective Danish population-based case-control study is to investigate a number of potential risk factors for UTI-related bacteremia due to E. faecalis . (omicsonline.org)
This retrospective case-control study was done for patients with UTI-related bacteremia due to E. faecalis in the Capital Region of Denmark between 2010 and 2013. (omicsonline.org)
Enterococci rank among leading cause of nosocomial bacteremia and urinary tract infection in hospital and community acquired infections. (eurekamag.com)
To describe an outbreak of bacteremia caused by vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus faecalis (VSEfe). (edu.au)
Important clinical infections caused by Enterococcus include urinary tract infections (see Enterococcus faecalis), bacteremia, bacterial endocarditis, diverticulitis, meningitis, and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. (wikipedia.org)

[1] [2] Like other species in the genus Enterococcus , E. faecalis is found in healthy humans, but can cause life-threatening infections, especially in the nosocomial (hospital) environment, where the naturally high levels of antibiotic resistance found in E. faecalis contribute to its pathogenicity. (wikipedia.org)
[3] Re-infected root canal-treated teeth are about nine times more likely to harbor E. faecalis than cases of primary infections. (wikipedia.org)
E. faecalis is found in most healthy individuals, but can cause endocarditis and sepsis , urinary tract infections (UTIs), meningitis , and other infections in humans. (wikipedia.org)
[6] [7] Several virulence factors are thought to contribute to E. faecalis infections. (wikipedia.org)
As an opportunistic pathogen, E. faecalis can cause life-threatening infections, especially in the nosocomial (hospital) environment, where the naturally high levels of antibiotic resistance found in E. faecalis contribute to its pathogenicity. (wikipedia.org)
Enterococcus faecalis has been implicated in a wide variety of human infections and is a notorious problem in hospital-acquired infections. (livestrong.com)
The infection most commonly caused by E. faecalis is urinary tract infections (UTI). (livestrong.com)
Most antibiotics used for systemic infections singly that are effective against other types of Gram-positive cocci (staphylococci and streptococci) are ineffective against E. faecalis. (livestrong.com)
However, E. faecalis can cause disease in, e.g., immunodeficient persons, and it is frequently the causative agent of nosocomial infections. (asm.org)
Enterococcus faecalis appears in many tooth root infections and is not eliminated by root canal therapy. (ovid.com)
Among enterococci, Enterococcus faecalis occurs ubiquitously, with the highest incidence of human and animal infections. (asm.org)
Enterococci are part of the normal human gut flora and can cause severe infections including urinary tract infections, gastrointestinal infections, catheter-related infections, and infective endocarditis (IE). (springer.com)
In Brazil, clinical and epidemiological studies of enterococcal infections have been less comprehensive, with most studies focusing on vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), which is still restricted to a few Brazilian hospitals (6-8). (scielo.br)
Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of Sma I-digested Enterococcus faecalis isolated from humans with urinary tract infections and from poultry in the same houselhold, Vietnam, January 2008-January 2010. (cdc.gov)
To investigate the risk factors, clinical features, molecular epidemiology, and treatment outcomes associated with an outbreak of infections due to beta-lactamase-producing, high-level gentamicin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis . (annals.org)
It could be a promising therapeutic target in control programs for the eradication of persistent infections associated with the presence of E faecalis in biofilm. (isciii.es)
During the last decades Enterococcus species have become of increasing medical interest as human pathogens causing an increasing number of infections in both Europea and the US [ 1 - 3 ]. (omicsonline.org)
Is the Subject Area "Enterococcus infections" applicable to this article? (plos.org)
Information about vertical transmission and subsequent spreading and colonization of the cloacal mucosa through cloacal 'drinking' during hatch are important to understand the epidemiology of E. faecalis infections. (dtu.dk)
Enterococcus faecalis is recognized as one of the leading pathogens causing nosocomial infections. (physiciansweekly.com)
Enterococci are important nosocomial pathogens, with Enterococcus faecalis most commonly responsible for human infections. (k-state.edu)
Previous MLST analysis of E. faecalis have identified so-called high-risk enterococcal clonal complexes (HiRECC), defined as genetically distinct subpopulations, epidemiologically associated with enterococcal infections. (biomedcentral.com)
During the last three decades, enterococci have emerged as important pathogens and as a major cause of nosocomial infections. (biomedcentral.com)
On Western blotting (immunoblotting), they were detected strongly by immunoglobulin G (IgG) in sera from patients with E. faecalis endocarditis, but not in sera from patients with other E. faecalis infections or with endocarditis due to other streptococci. (mysciencework.com)
Of 10 cases of endocarditis due to other streptococci and 10 E. faecalis infections other than endocarditis, 9 and 8, respectively, gave negative results. (mysciencework.com)
Though the bacterial opportunist Enterococcus faecalis causes a myriad of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs), including catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs), little is known about the virulence mechanisms that it employs. (ntu.edu.sg)
As this motif occurs in other sortase-assembled pili, our results have implications for the molecular basis of virulence not only in E. faecalis CAUTI but also in additional infections caused by enterococci and other Gram-positive pathogens. (ntu.edu.sg)

Enterococcus , a Gram-positive facultative anaerobic cocci belonging to the lactic acid bacteria of the phylum Firmicutes, is known to be able to resist a wide range of hostile conditions such as different pH levels, high concentration of NaCl (6.5%), and the extended temperatures between 5°C and 65°C. Despite being the third most common nosocomial pathogen, our understanding on its virulence factors is still poorly understood. (hindawi.com)
Univariate analysis showed older age, higher APACHE II score, nosocomial acquisition, recent surgical procedure, total parenteral nutrition, and antibiotic treatment to be significantly associated with the acquisition of beta-lactamase-producing, high-level gentamicin-resistant E. faecalis . (annals.org)
High-level gentamicin resistant (HLGR) enterococci (Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium) have become a substantial nosocomial problem in many countries. (diva-portal.org)
Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) has become a major leading cause of nosocomial endocarditis. (pasteur.fr)
Increasing multidrug resistance in Enterococcus faecalis, a nosocomial opportunist and common cause of bacterial endocarditis, emphasizes the need for alternative therapeutic approaches such as immunotherapy or immunoprophylaxis. (tmc.edu)

Our finding of a catalase whose synthesis is dependent on the acquisition of heme in the opportunistic pathogen E. faecalis might be of clinical importance. (asm.org)
Ability of clinical laboratories to detect antimicrobial agent- resistant enterococci [published erratum appears in J. Clin. (atcc.org)
Our objective was to characterize the epidemiological, clinical, and microbiological features of bacteremias caused by HLGR and non_HLGR E. faecalis isolated from January 1999 through December 2003. (scielo.br)
Enterococcus faecalis accounts for 65-90% of clinical Enterococcus spp. (omicsonline.org)
Antibiotic-resistance in enterococci influences clinical outcomes drastically. (omicsonline.org)
Treatment of multidrug-resistant enterococci has become a challenging clinical problem in hospitals around the world due to the lack of reliable therapeutic options. (rice.edu)
This study aimed to detect vanA and vanB genes, virulence factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from clinical specimens in Ribat University Hospital. (alliedacademies.org)

The cell wall adhesion (efaAfm) in E. faecium has 66% similarity with endocarditis specific antigen of E. faecalis T8 (Accession: EEU25576). (hindawi.com)
Is Once-Daily High-Dose Ceftriaxone plus Ampicillin an Alternative for Enterococcus faecalis Infective Endocarditis in Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Therapy Programs? (asm.org)
Ceftriaxone administered as once-daily high-dose short infusion combined with ampicillin has been proposed for the treatment of Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis in outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy programs (OPAT). (asm.org)
Lack of this information could hinder the inclusion in OPAT of patients suffering from Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis treated with ampicillin plus. (asm.org)
A case of infective endocarditis from Enterococcus faecalis after colonoscopy in a patient with aortic stenoinsufficiency and bleeding intestinal angiodysplasia (Heyde's syndrome) is reported. (bmj.com)
We report a case of infective endocarditis from Enterococcus faecalis after colonoscopy in a patient with aortic stenoinsufficiency and bleeding intestinal angiodysplasia (Heyde's syndrome). (bmj.com)
E faecalis makes up a significant portion of the normal gut flora of almost all humans, and enterococci account for approximately 5% to 18% of all cases in most series of infective endocarditis. (bmj.com)
Chuang ON, Schlievert PM, Wells CL, Manias DA, Tripp TJ, Dunny GM (2009) Multiple functional domains of Enterococcus faecalis aggregation substance Asc10 contribute to endocarditis virulence. (springer.com)
Endocarditis and biofilm-associated pili of Enterococcus faecalis. (tmc.edu)
These biologically important surface pili, which are antigenic in humans during endocarditis and encoded by a ubiquitous E. faecalis operon, may be a useful immunotarget for studies aimed at prevention and/or treatment of this pathogen. (tmc.edu)
Serological response in Enterococcus faecalis endocarditis det. (mysciencework.com)
Serological response in Enterococcus faecalis endocarditis determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. (mysciencework.com)
We developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system to measure IgG, IgM, and IgA levels to these antigens and evaluated its potential as a serodiagnostic test for E. faecalis endocarditis. (mysciencework.com)
The test correctly diagnosed E. faecalis endocarditis in 15 of 16 cases. (mysciencework.com)
The test should prove particularly useful in culture-negative cases, for which choice of appropriate antibiotic therapy for E. faecalis endocarditis is vital. (mysciencework.com)
However, the endocarditis- and biofilm-associated pilus (Ebp), a member of the sortase-assembled pilus family, was shown to play a role in a mouse model of E. faecalis ascending UTI. (ntu.edu.sg)

On the other hand, enterococci, in particular E. faecalis and E. faecium , are important conditional pathogens. (biomedcentral.com)
Together, these results demonstrate the involvement of rnjB in E. faecalis pilin gene expression and provide insight into a novel mechanism of regulation of pilus production in Gram-positive pathogens. (tmc.edu)
The genus Enterococcus includes 38 species of Gram-positive bacteria, among which E. faecalis and E. faecium are the most abundant pathogens in humans. (asm.org)
These two Enterococcus species are ranked among the most common and resistant pathogens in hospitals ( 3 ). (asm.org)

Herein, we describe mechanisms that link Enterococcus faecalis, a bacterium known to produce extracellular superoxide, to the acute induction of chromosomal instability. (nih.gov)
A scoring method was developed for the diagnosis of E. faecalis and S. gallolyticus IE using the presence of reactivity to at least two antigenic bands for each bacterium and the positivity to at least one of the Ef300, Ef72, or Ef36 proteic bands for E. faecalis , and positivity for the two Sg75 and Sg97 proteic bands for S. gallolyticus . (frontiersin.org)
Enterococcus faecalis is a pathogenic gram-positive bacterium closely associated with apical periodontitis. (ovid.com)
E. faecalis is an enteric facultative gram positive bacterium which can grow independently in the root canal. (scielo.org.za)
Enterococcus faecalis (bacterium incl. (bode-science-center.com)
The Gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis bacterium can be observed singly, in pairs or in chains, and belongs to the Enterococcaceae family. (bode-science-center.com)

Molecular characterization and multilaboratory evaluation of Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299 for quality control of screening tests for vancomycin and high-level aminoglycoside resistance in enterococci. (atcc.org)
Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) and Candida albicans (ATCC 10231). (scielo.br)
Test organisms were E. faecalis (ATCC 47077) or E. coli K12 (NCTC 10538). (biomedcentral.com)

Like other species in the genus Enterococcus, E. faecalis is found in healthy humans and can be used as probiotic. (wikipedia.org)
In this work, we describe a unique series of posttranscriptional regulatory strategies that influence expression of ethanolamine utilization genes ( eut ) in Enterococcus , Clostridium , and Listeria species. (pnas.org)
In conclusion, the pathogenicity of E. faecalis and E. faecium could be associated with different virulence factors and these genes are widely distributed among the enterococcal species. (hindawi.com)
That is, E faecalis may be the pathogenic determinant for any particular peri-implantitis infection of a multiple-species infection. (ovid.com)
Of the 11 antibiotics tested, E. faecalis was most commonly resistant to tetracycline, doxycycline, streptomycin, gentamicin, and erythromycin, and these traits were intra-species horizontally transferrable by in vitro conjugation. (k-state.edu)
E. faecalis /pAM373/pAMS470 cells were incubated with synthetic s.g.cAM373, reverse peptide s.g.cAM373-R, or peptide-free medium and examined for their abilities to transfer plasmid DNA to streptococcal species in the presence of DNase. (microbiologyresearch.org)
In other words, the culture rate of S. epidermidis , or coagulase negative staphylococci, has decreased, and the culture rate of the Enterococcus species has increased tenfold compared to previous reports [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. (ekjo.org)
Several Enterococcus species are mentioned in journal reports of endophthalmitis recurrence after cataract surgery [ 4 ]. (ekjo.org)

Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of a clump of Enterococcus faecalis bacteria. (sciencephoto.com)
Although sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) has been used as a common endodontic irrigant to eradicate bacteria in the root canal, it has not been elucidated whether NaOCl attenuates the inflammatory response induced by the E. faecalis virulence factor lipoteichoic acid (EfLTA). (ovid.com)
Like most intestinal bacteria, E. faecalis does not synthesize heme (in this report, heme refers to iron protoporphyrin IX regardless of the iron redox state). (asm.org)
Here, we report a new mechanism used by E. faecalis to sense heme and trigger the synthesis of a heme efflux pump that balances the amount of heme inside the bacteria. (asm.org)
We found that among prolonged-stay patients admitted to ICUs, the rectal flora was altered, with a decrease in Gram-negative rods in favour of Gram-positive bacteria, mainly Coagulase negative staphylococci and enterococci. (diva-portal.org)
This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activity of Chamaecyparis obtusaextract on Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), typical causative bacteria that causes endodontic treatment failure and pulpitis. (alliedacademies.org)
Profiles of E. faecalis (prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and virulence traits) from each of WWTF sludge and associated house flies were similar, indicating that flies successfully acquired these bacteria from this substrate. (k-state.edu)
The evaluation of data obtained indicate a stable and well-defined structure of HPr from E. faecalis, with an overall fold similar to that found in HPr from other bacteria. (uni-regensburg.de)
Our results demonstrate that aPDT mediated by the three above-mentioned PS was effective in eliminating both gram-positive bacteria, although P. acnes showed remarkably higher susceptibility to aPDT when compared to E. faecalis. (fapesp.br)
Enterococcus is a large genus of lactic acid bacteria of the phylum Firmicutes. (wikipedia.org)

Quantitation of biofilm development by E. faecalis OG1RF in the chemostat-based biofilm fermentor. (asm.org)
Biofilm development by E. faecalis OG1RF in the wells of microtiter plates. (asm.org)
With these Ped r mutants of E. faecalis there was: a gradual neutralization in cell wall surface charge involving D-alanylation of wall teichoic acids (WTA) and lipoteichoic acids (LTA), increase in cell-surface hydrophobicity, increased cell aggregation and biofilm formation and ultra-structural changes in the cell wall, and a reduction of periplasmic space. (springer.com)
Enterococcus faecalis biofilm traits and distribution characteristics in China have not been clarified. (frontiersin.org)
The system consisted of a previously extracted human tooth that was cut and prepared to provide by means of its root canal, an adequate surface for biofilm formation on behalf of Enterococcus faecalis. (isciii.es)
The expression of Esp gene is associated with biofilm formation in E. faecalis and in the adherence to abiotic surfaces. (isciii.es)
Chuang-Smith O, Wells C, Henry-Stanley M, Dunny GM (2010) Acceleration of Enterococcus faecalis biofilm formation by aggregation substance expression in an ex vivo model of cardiac valve colonization. (springer.com)
Genomic Insights into Biofilm-Forming Enterococcus faecalis SK460 Isolated from a Chronic Diabetic Ulcer Patient. (physiciansweekly.com)
Enterococcus faecalis rnjB is required for pilin gene expression and biofilm formation. (tmc.edu)
citation needed] Enterococci are able to form biofilm in the prostate gland, making their eradication difficult. (wikipedia.org)

The small alarmone synthetase RelQ from the Gram-positive pathogen Enterococcus faecalis enzymatically regulates the levels of alarmone nucleotide (p)ppGpp, a key regulator of stress adaptation, pathogenicity, and antibiotic tolerance. (pnas.org)
We show that the tetrameric small alarmone synthetase (SAS) RelQ from the Gram-positive pathogen Enterococcus faecalis is a sequence-specific RNA-binding protein. (pnas.org)
and in particular E. faecalis is recognized as an important human pathogen causing high levels of morbidity and mortality as well as extensive economic costs for hospitals. (omicsonline.org)
E. faecalis demonstrates strong potential as a test organism that represents a pathogen with high environmental stability known to be spread by contaminated hands in healthcare settings. (biomedcentral.com)

Desouky SE, Nishiguchi K, Zendo T, Igarashi Y, Williams P, Sonomoto K, Nakayama J (2013) High-throughput screening of inhibitors targeting Agr/Fsr quorum sensing in Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis . (springer.com)
E. coli FtsZ, Staphylococcus aureus FtsZ, Enterococcus faecalis FtsZ, Streptocuccus pneumoniae Fts Z proteins. (cytoskeleton.com)

These results indicate that platelet activation and aggregation by E. faecalis is dependent on both host and bacterial factors and that it may be involved in the pathogenesis of invasive disease with this organism. (lu.se)
The presence of OG1RF_12399-12402 is not required for E. faecalis colonization of the mouse intestine but is associated with an accelerated onset of experimental colitis in interleukin-10-deficient mice, altered bacterial composition in the colon, enhanced E. faecalis survival within macrophages, and increased proinflammatory cytokine secretion by colon tissue and macrophages. (asm.org)
Further studies of bacterial carbohydrate metabolism in general, and E. faecalis PTS-gluconate in particular, during inflammation may identify new mechanisms of disease pathogenesis. (asm.org)
New epidemiological evidence has shown that enterococci are major infectious agent in chronic bacterial prostatitis. (wikipedia.org)

Engelbert M, Mylonakis E, Ausubel FM, Calderwood SB, Gilmore MS (2004) Contribution of gelatinase, serine protease, and fsr to the pathogenesis of Enterococcus faecalis endophthalmitis. (springer.com)
A detailed understanding of the molecular basis of Enterococcus faecalis pathogenesis in CAUTI is necessary for the development of preventative and therapeutic strategies. (ntu.edu.sg)
2002). The Enterococci: Pathogenesis, Molecular Biology, and Antibiotic Resistance. (wikipedia.org)

DIAZ CABALLERO, A. e SIMANCAS PALLARES, M. . Gene expression esp (enterococcus surface protein) of enterococcus faecalis in an in vitro model of extracted teeth . (isciii.es)
Mylonakis E, Engelbert M, Qin X, Sifri CD, Murray BE, Ausubel FM, Gilmore MS, Calderwood SB (2002) The Enterococcus faecalis fsrB gene, a key component of the fsr quorum sensing system, is associated with virulence in the rabbit endophthalmitis model. (springer.com)
Previously, we described a gene cluster of Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF that produced an antigenic polysaccharide when cloned in Escherichia coli . (asm.org)
Enterococcus faecalis rnjB is required for pilin gene expression and b" by Peng Gao, Kenneth L Pinkston et al. (tmc.edu)
This study demonstrates in vitro conjugative transfer of the esp gene among E. faecium and E. faecalis . (oup.com)

E. faecalis is usually resistant to many commonly used antimicrobial agents ( aminoglycosides , aztreonamand quinolones . (wikipedia.org)
A less nephrotoxic combination of ampicillin and ceftriaxone (even though E. faecalis is resistant to cephalosporins, ceftriaxone is working synergistically with ampicillin) may be used alternatively for ampicillin-susceptible E. faecalis . (wikipedia.org)
The fact that Enetrococcus faecalis can be resistant to a wide array of antibiotics must contribute to the proliferation of the organism. (livestrong.com)
In this direction, we selected stable and gradual dose-dependent pediocin PA-1 single exposure resistant (Ped r ) mutants of E. faecalis , which conferred cross-protection to diverse CAMPs, viz. (springer.com)
Sixty-five patients infected or colonized with beta-lactamase-producing high-level gentamicin-resistant E. faecalis (case patients) were matched and compared with 65 randomly selected patients infected or colonized with beta-lactamase-negative, gentamicin-susceptible E. faecalis . (annals.org)
Daptomycin (DAP), a cell membrane-targeting cationic antimicrobial lipopeptide, is the only antibiotic with in vitro bactericidal activity against vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). (rice.edu)
Previously, we demonstrated that development of DAP resistance in vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis is associated with mutations in genes encoding proteins with two main functions, (i) control of the cell envelope stress response to antibiotics and antimicrobial peptides (LiaFSR system) and (ii) cell membrane phospholipid metabolism (glycerophosphoryl diester phosphodiesterase and cardiolipin synthase). (rice.edu)
DAP septal diversion by DAP-resistant E. faecalis is mediated by initial redistribution of cell membrane cardiolipin-rich microdomains associated with a single amino acid deletion within the transmembrane protein LiaF (a member of a three-component regulatory system [LiaFSR] involved in cell envelope homeostasis). (rice.edu)
This study demonstrates that house flies acquire antibiotic-resistant enterococci from WWTF and potentially disseminate them to the surrounding environment. (k-state.edu)
The farm-level prevalence of drug-resistant E. coli, E. faecalis, and Salmonella spp. (elsevier.com)
Inherently resistant to several classes of antibiotics and with a propensity to acquire vancomycin resistance, enterococci are particularly worrisome etiologic agents of CAUTI. (ntu.edu.sg)
Enterococcus faecalis can be resistant to aminopenicillins, glycopeptides, vancomycin and teicoplanin (= VRE, vancomycin-resistant enterococci) and increasingly also to new antibiotics such as cephalosporines or fluoroquinolones. (bode-science-center.com)
Some enterococci are intrinsically resistant to β-lactam-based antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems), as well as many aminoglycosides. (wikipedia.org)

[2] [ verification needed ] E. faecalis has been frequently found in reinfected, root canal-treated teeth in prevalence values ranging from 30% to 90% of the cases. (wikipedia.org)
The current study was aimed to determine the prevalence of different virulence genes in Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium . (hindawi.com)
The prevalence of E. faecalis increased from 14% at 0 h to 97% after 24 h for the Brown Lohmann chickens and from 0.5% to 23% for the White Lohmann flock. (dtu.dk)
The prevalence of glycopeptides, aminoglycosides and erythromycin resistance among Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium was investigated. (semanticscholar.org)
1. Sedgley C , Buck G , Appelbe O . Prevalence of Enterococcus faecalis at multiple oral sites in endodontic patients using culture and PCR. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Prevalence, phenotype and genotype of oral enterococci. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Inactivation of GalU leads to a cell wall-associated polysaccharide defect that reduces the susceptibility of Enterococcus faecalis to bacteriolytic agents. (asm.org)
Susceptibility of Enterococcus faecalis and Propio. (fapesp.br)

For instance, pilA in E. faecium has 99% similarity with the cell wall surface anchor family protein of Enterococcus sp. (hindawi.com)
The pilB of E. faecium has 74% similarity with the cell wall surface anchor protein of E. faecalis B318 (Accession: ETU21897). (hindawi.com)
Meanwhile, the ecbA in E. faecium has 92% similarity with the cell wall surface anchor protein of E. faecalis (Accession: WP_010708790) and 91% with Cna protein B-type domain protein E. faecalis (Accession: WP_002417581) (these regions are part of a collagen binding MSCRAMM, ecbA). (hindawi.com)
With regard to the collagen binding MSCRAMM Acm (fms8) in E. faecium , 57% similarity has been observed with the collagen binding domain protein of E. faecalis (Accession: WP_016632409). (hindawi.com)
Finally, 37% similarity of the cell wall anchored protein sgrA in E. faecium has been detected when compared to the surface adhesion protein in Enterococcus sp. (hindawi.com)
Partial proteolysis of AtlA was detected in vivo: zymograms of E. faecalis extracts revealed two catalytically active protein bands of 62 and 72 kDa that were both absent in extracts from an atlA null mutant. (inserm.fr)
Based on the complete sequential assignment of the 1H-NMR spectrum by multidimensional NMR techniques the secondary structure and the local geometry of the active site of histidine-containing phosphocarrier protein (HPr) from Enterococcus faecalis were elucidated. (uni-regensburg.de)
Utilizing a monoclonal antibody developed against the Enterococcus faecalis major pilus protein EbpC, we identified mutants from a transposon (Tn) insertion library which lack surface-exposed Ebp pili. (tmc.edu)

Our results indicate a high frequency of E. faecalis process vancomycin resistance with vanB genotype and high frequencies of gelE, asa1, and hyl virulence genes. (alliedacademies.org)

Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis) and antimicrobial resistance testing. (elsevier.com)

Assessment of Tedizolid In Vitro Activity and Resistance Mechanisms against a Collection of Enterococcus spp. (asm.org)
Antimicrobial activity of Ca(OH)2 containing pastes with Enterococcus faecalis in vitro. (biomedsearch.com)
Limited digestion of AtlA by proteinase K in vitro suggested that the proteolytic cleavage of AtlA in E. faecalis extracts corresponds to the truncation of the N-terminal domain, which is rich in threonine and glutamic acid residues. (inserm.fr)
High purity recombinant endo-alpha-N-Acetylgalactosaminidase (E. faecalis) for use in research, biochemical enzyme assays and in vitro diagnostic analysis. (creative-enzymes.com)

Enterococcus faecalis may cause catheter-associated urinary tract infection or wound infection. (bode-science-center.com)

Similar to the first infection, E. faecalis was isolated from the vitreous specimen. (ekjo.org)

One of the most important and serious factors about Enterococcus faecalis and the other enterococci is its resistance to a variety of antibiotics. (livestrong.com)
Treating E. faecalis UTI's are usually easier to treat with antibiotics. (livestrong.com)
Due to innate and acquired resistance in Enterococcus faecalis against most antibiotics, identification of new alternatives has increased interest in diverse populations of potent cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) for treatment and natural food biopreservation. (springer.com)
High-level gentamicin resistance (HLGR) has emerged among Enterococcus spp over the last two decades, and is associated with the loss of synergy between cell-active antibiotics (e.g., vancomycin and penicillin, particularly ampicillin) and most aminoglycosides (e.g., gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, and kanamycin), thus posing additional treatment challenges (2). (scielo.br)
It is noteworthy that E. faecalis and E. faecium cause treatment to be increasing difficult because of their intrinsic and acquired resistance to many antibiotics. (frontiersin.org)
IMPORTANCE Enterococcus faecalis , a normal and harmless colonizer of the human intestinal flora can cause severe infectious diseases in immunocompromised patients, particularly those that have been heavily treated with antibiotics. (asm.org)
The purpose of this thesis was to study enterococci in Sweden, their resistance to antibiotics in general and high-level gentamicin resistance (HLGR) in particular, with a special focus on the ICU setting. (diva-portal.org)
In contrast, the standard recommended intravenous antibiotics used in patients undergoing colorectal surgery did not eliminate E. faecalis at anastomotic tissues nor did they prevent leak in our rat model. (igsb.org)

Enterococcus faecalis, as the name implies, is found normally in the intestines of humans, animals and birds. (livestrong.com)
Enterococci are considered to be part of normal gut microbiota in both humans and animals and capable to survive in a diverse range of harsh conditions. (hindawi.com)
Enterococci constitute an integral part of the intestinal flora of many invertebrates, birds and mammals including humans. (biomedcentral.com)

Immortalized human and nontransformed murine colonic epithelial cells, along with a mouse colonic ligation model, were used to assess the effect of E. faecalis on genomic DNA stability and damage. (nih.gov)
The aim of this study was to investigate the genomic diversity among fecal E. faecalis isolated from healthy Norwegian infants by means of CGH. (biomedcentral.com)

What makes Enterococcus faecalis pathogenic is less clear than with many other microorganisms. (livestrong.com)

Canadian researchers have published a study assessing the antimicrobial resistance and virulence of genotypes of Enterococcus faecalis, taken from samples taken from a commercial pork processing plant. (pigprogress.net)
The objective of the study was to assess the antimicrobial resistance and virulence genotypes of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from samples obtained from a commercial pork processing plant. (pigprogress.net)

Enterococcus faecalis cells cannot synthesize porphyrins and do not rely on heme for growth but can take up heme and use it to synthesize heme proteins. (asm.org)
The Bac41 effector consists of the secreted proteins BacL 1 and BacA, which attack the cell wall of the target E. faecalis cell to induce bacteriolysis. (asm.org)
In addition, immunogold electron microscopy using antisera against EbpA-EbpC proteins as well as patient serum demonstrated that E. faecalis produces pleomorphic surface pili. (tmc.edu)

Because Enterococcus faecalis is normally found in the intestinal tract of people, it easily becomes a contamination problem in hospital and institutional settings. (livestrong.com)
These findings provide novel insights into mechanisms by which E. faecalis and intestinal commensals can contribute to cellular transformation and tumorigenesis. (nih.gov)
We hypothesize that this PTS permits growth in gluconate, facilitates E. faecalis intestinal colonization, and exacerbates colitis. (asm.org)

Here we report a draft genome sequence of Enterococcus faecalis SK460, isolated from a chronic diabetic foot ulcer patient. (physiciansweekly.com)

Characterization of Aminoglycoside Resistance and Virulence Genes among Enterococcus spp. (semanticscholar.org)

Enterococcal plasmid-encoded bacteriolysin Bac41 is a selective antimicrobial system that is considered to provide a competitive advantage to Enterococcus faecalis cells that carry the Bac41-coding plasmid. (asm.org)
Molecular analysis revealed a plasmid localization of esp in the E. faecium transconjugant and chromosome-to-chromosome transfer in E. faecalis . (oup.com)

Three blood specimens for culture were drawn and within seven days all cultures were positive for Gram positive cocci, identified as ampicillin and high level gentamicin susceptible E faecalis . (bmj.com)

Thus, this study identified the Ebp pilus as a virulence factor in E. faecalis CAUTI and also defined the molecular basis of this function, critical knowledge for the rational development of targeted therapeutics. (ntu.edu.sg)

Multiplex PCR for detection of aminoglycoside resistance genes in enterococci. (semanticscholar.org)

Ers has been qualified as the PrfA-like transcriptional regulator of Enterococcus faecalis . (archives-ouvertes.fr)
Taken together, these results indicate that the regulator Ers has a pleiotropic effect, especially in the cellular metabolism and virulence of E. faecalis . (archives-ouvertes.fr)

The rationale for the retraction of Synercid's indication for VRE was based upon poor efficacy in E. faecalis, which is implicated in the vast majority of VRE cases. (wikipedia.org)

Enterococci are Gram-positive facultative anaerobic cocci with a low GC-content. (biomedcentral.com)
Enterococci are facultative anaerobic organisms, i.e., they are capable of cellular respiration in both oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor environments. (wikipedia.org)

Two of five E. faecalis and five of nine E. faecium transferred antibiotic resistance determinants into a recipient. (oup.com)

One isolate from each E. faecalis -positive sample was analyzed for antimicrobial susceptibility and characterized using a enterococcal microarray for analysis of resistance and virulence genes. (pigprogress.net)
however, these results underscore the importance of E. faecalis as a reservoir of resistance and virulence genes. (pigprogress.net)

For maintenance and routine genetic work, E. faecalis was grown in Todd-Hewitt (TH) broth (Difco) or brain heart infusion broth (Difco) or on TH agar plates. (asm.org)
The high genetic plasticity of E. faecalis complicates both molecular investigations and phylogenetic analyses. (asm.org)

Anatomy3

Organisms16

Diseases10

Chemicals and Drugs45

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment10

Phenomena and Processes26

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Information Science3

Effects of dispersed recreational activities on the microbiological quality of forest surface water. (1/2300)

Isolation and chemical characterization of a capsular polysaccharide antigen shared by clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. (2/2300)

A new hydrolase specific for taurine-conjugates of bile acids. (3/2300)

Two-step acquisition of resistance to the teicoplanin-gentamicin combination by VanB-type Enterococcus faecalis in vitro and in experimental endocarditis. (4/2300)

Efficacy of ampicillin plus ceftriaxone in treatment of experimental endocarditis due to Enterococcus faecalis strains highly resistant to aminoglycosides. (5/2300)

The osmoprotectant glycine betaine inhibits salt-induced cross-tolerance towards lethal treatment in Enterococcus faecalis. (6/2300)

Microbiological and inflammatory effects of murine recombinant interleukin-10 in two models of polymicrobial peritonitis in rats. (7/2300)

Isolation of Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates that efficiently adhere to human bladder carcinoma T24 cells and inhibition of adhesion by fibronectin and trypsin treatment. (8/2300)

Enterococcus faecalis

Enterococcus

Enterococcus faecium

Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections

Vancomycin Resistance

Anti-Bacterial Agents

Vancomycin

Carbon-Oxygen Ligases

Bacterial Proteins

Microbial Sensitivity Tests

Conjugation, Genetic

Gram-Positive Bacteria

Gentamicins

Drug Resistance, Microbial

Bacteriocins

Pheromones

DNA, Bacterial

Endocarditis, Bacterial

Teicoplanin

Plasmids

Oxazolidinones

Acetamides

Drug Resistance, Bacterial

Genes, Bacterial

Biofilms

Molecular Sequence Data

Alcaligenes faecalis

Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial

Gram-Positive Cocci

Root Canal Irrigants

Streptococcus

Daptomycin

Dental Pulp Cavity

Ampicillin Resistance

Sex Attractants

DNA Transposable Elements

Gelatinases

Gram-Negative Bacteria

Anti-Infective Agents

Glycopeptides

Bacteria

Bacterial Adhesion

Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field

Virginiamycin

Colony Count, Microbial

Sodium Hypochlorite

Sequence Analysis, DNA

Ampicillin

Staphylococcus aureus

Tetracycline Resistance

Amino Acid Sequence

Dental Pulp Diseases

Virulence Factors

Pulpitis

Bacterial Typing Techniques

Virulence

Base Sequence

Aminoglycosides

Cheese

Cross Infection

Microbial Viability

Calcium Hydroxide

Chlorhexidine

Culture Media

Periapical Periodontitis

Peptidoglycan

Streptogramin A

Operon

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Anti-Infective Agents, Local

Feces

Gene Transfer, Horizontal

Streptococcaceae

Lactococcus

Bacteremia

Bacterial Load

Fluoroquinolones

Serine-Type D-Ala-D-Ala Carboxypeptidase

Mutagenesis, Insertional

Acetoin