Enterococcus faecalis. Medical search

A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria commonly isolated from clinical specimens and the human intestinal tract. Most strains are nonhemolytic.

A genus of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria consisting of organisms causing variable hemolysis that are normal flora of the intestinal tract. Previously thought to be a member of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS, it is now recognized as a separate genus.

A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria whose organisms are normal flora of the intestinal tract. Unlike ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS, this species may produce an alpha-hemolytic reaction on blood agar and is unable to utilize pyruvic acid as an energy source.

Infections caused by bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain (positive) when treated by the gram-staining method.

Nonsusceptibility of bacteria to the action of VANCOMYCIN, an inhibitor of cell wall synthesis.

Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.

Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.

Enzymes that catalyze the joining of two molecules by the formation of a carbon-oxygen bond. EC 6.1.

Proteins found in any species of bacterium.

Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses).

A parasexual process in BACTERIA; ALGAE; FUNGI; and ciliate EUKARYOTA for achieving exchange of chromosome material during fusion of two cells. In bacteria, this is a uni-directional transfer of genetic material; in protozoa it is a bi-directional exchange. In algae and fungi, it is a form of sexual reproduction, with the union of male and female gametes.

Bacteria which retain the crystal violet stain when treated by Gram's method.

A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS.

The ability of microorganisms, especially bacteria, to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).

Substances elaborated by specific strains of bacteria that are lethal against other strains of the same or related species. They are protein or lipopolysaccharide-protein complexes used in taxonomy studies of bacteria.

Chemical substances, excreted by an organism into the environment, that elicit behavioral or physiological responses from other organisms of the same species. Perception of these chemical signals may be olfactory or by contact.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.

Inflammation of the ENDOCARDIUM caused by BACTERIA that entered the bloodstream. The strains of bacteria vary with predisposing factors, such as CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; HEART VALVE DISEASES; HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; or intravenous drug use.

Glycopeptide antibiotic complex from Actinoplanes teichomyceticus active against gram-positive bacteria. It consists of five major components each with a different fatty acid moiety.

Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.

Derivatives of oxazolidin-2-one. They represent an important class of synthetic antibiotic agents.

Derivatives of acetamide that are used as solvents, as mild irritants, and in organic synthesis.

The ability of bacteria to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).

The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.

Encrustations, formed from microbes (bacteria, algae, fungi, plankton, or protozoa) embedding in extracellular polymers, that adhere to surfaces such as teeth (DENTAL DEPOSITS); PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; and catheters. Biofilms are prevented from forming by treating surfaces with DENTIFRICES; DISINFECTANTS; ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS; and antifouling agents.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The type species of gram negative bacteria in the genus ALCALIGENES, found in soil. It is non-pathogenic, non-pigmented, and used for the production of amino acids.

Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria.

Coccus-shaped bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain when treated by Gram's method.

Chemicals used mainly to disinfect root canals after pulpectomy and before obturation. The major ones are camphorated monochlorophenol, EDTA, formocresol, hydrogen peroxide, metacresylacetate, and sodium hypochlorite. Root canal irrigants include also rinsing solutions of distilled water, sodium chloride, etc.

A genus of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria whose organisms occur in pairs or chains. No endospores are produced. Many species exist as commensals or parasites on man or animals with some being highly pathogenic. A few species are saprophytes and occur in the natural environment.

A cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic that inhibits GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA.

The space in a tooth bounded by the dentin and containing the dental pulp. The portion of the cavity within the crown of the tooth is the pulp chamber; the portion within the root is the pulp canal or root canal.

Nonsusceptibility of a microbe to the action of ampicillin, a penicillin derivative that interferes with cell wall synthesis.

Pheromones that elicit sexual attraction or mating behavior usually in members of the opposite sex in the same species.

Discrete segments of DNA which can excise and reintegrate to another site in the genome. Most are inactive, i.e., have not been found to exist outside the integrated state. DNA transposable elements include bacterial IS (insertion sequence) elements, Tn elements, the maize controlling elements Ac and Ds, Drosophila P, gypsy, and pogo elements, the human Tigger elements and the Tc and mariner elements which are found throughout the animal kingdom.

A class of enzymes that catalyzes the degradation of gelatin by acting on the peptide bonds. EC 3.4.24.-.

Bacteria which lose crystal violet stain but are stained pink when treated by Gram's method.

Substances that prevent infectious agents or organisms from spreading or kill infectious agents in order to prevent the spread of infection.

Proteins which contain carbohydrate groups attached covalently to the polypeptide chain. The protein moiety is the predominant group with the carbohydrate making up only a small percentage of the total weight.

One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.

Physicochemical property of fimbriated (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL) and non-fimbriated bacteria of attaching to cells, tissue, and nonbiological surfaces. It is a factor in bacterial colonization and pathogenicity.

Gel electrophoresis in which the direction of the electric field is changed periodically. This technique is similar to other electrophoretic methods normally used to separate double-stranded DNA molecules ranging in size up to tens of thousands of base-pairs. However, by alternating the electric field direction one is able to separate DNA molecules up to several million base-pairs in length.

A cyclic polypeptide antibiotic complex from Streptomyces virginiae, S. loidensis, S. mitakaensis, S. pristina-spiralis, S. ostreogriseus, and others. It consists of 2 major components, VIRGINIAMYCIN FACTOR M1 and virginiamycin Factor S1. It is used to treat infections with gram-positive organisms and as a growth promoter in cattle, swine, and poultry.

Enumeration by direct count of viable, isolated bacterial, archaeal, or fungal CELLS or SPORES capable of growth on solid CULTURE MEDIA. The method is used routinely by environmental microbiologists for quantifying organisms in AIR; FOOD; and WATER; by clinicians for measuring patients' microbial load; and in antimicrobial drug testing.

It is used as an oxidizing and bleaching agent and as a disinfectant. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.

Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.

Potentially pathogenic bacteria found in nasal membranes, skin, hair follicles, and perineum of warm-blooded animals. They may cause a wide range of infections and intoxications.

Nonsusceptibility of bacteria to the action of TETRACYCLINE which inhibits aminoacyl-tRNA binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit during protein synthesis.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Endodontic diseases of the DENTAL PULP inside the tooth, which is distinguished from PERIAPICAL DISEASES of the tissue surrounding the root.

Those components of an organism that determine its capacity to cause disease but are not required for its viability per se. Two classes have been characterized: TOXINS, BIOLOGICAL and surface adhesion molecules that effect the ability of the microorganism to invade and colonize a host. (From Davis et al., Microbiology, 4th ed. p486)

Inflammation of the DENTAL PULP, usually due to bacterial infection in dental caries, tooth fracture, or other conditions causing exposure of the pulp to bacterial invasion. Chemical irritants, thermal factors, hyperemic changes, and other factors may also cause pulpitis.

Procedures for identifying types and strains of bacteria. The most frequently employed typing systems are BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING and SEROTYPING as well as bacteriocin typing and biotyping.

The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Glycosylated compounds in which there is an amino substituent on the glycoside. Some of them are clinically important ANTIBIOTICS.

A nutritious food consisting primarily of the curd or the semisolid substance formed when milk coagulates.

Any infection which a patient contracts in a health-care institution.

Ability of a microbe to survive under given conditions. This can also be related to a colony's ability to replicate.

A white powder prepared from lime that has many medical and industrial uses. It is in many dental formulations, especially for root canal filling.

A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.

Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.

Inflammation of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE. It includes general, unspecified, or acute nonsuppurative inflammation. Chronic nonsuppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA. Suppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL ABSCESS.

A specific streptogramin group A antibiotic produced by Streptomyces graminofaciens and other bacteria.

In bacteria, a group of metabolically related genes, with a common promoter, whose transcription into a single polycistronic MESSENGER RNA is under the control of an OPERATOR REGION.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

Substances used on humans and other animals that destroy harmful microorganisms or inhibit their activity. They are distinguished from DISINFECTANTS, which are used on inanimate objects.

Excrement from the INTESTINES, containing unabsorbed solids, waste products, secretions, and BACTERIA of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.

The naturally occurring transmission of genetic information between organisms, related or unrelated, circumventing parent-to-offspring transmission. Horizontal gene transfer may occur via a variety of naturally occurring processes such as GENETIC CONJUGATION; GENETIC TRANSDUCTION; and TRANSFECTION. It may result in a change of the recipient organism's genetic composition (TRANSFORMATION, GENETIC).

A family of gram-positive non-sporing bacteria including many parasitic, pathogenic, and saprophytic forms.

A genus of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria mainly isolated from milk and milk products. These bacteria are also found in plants and nonsterile frozen and dry foods. Previously thought to be a member of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS (group N), it is now recognized as a separate genus.

The presence of viable bacteria circulating in the blood. Fever, chills, tachycardia, and tachypnea are common acute manifestations of bacteremia. The majority of cases are seen in already hospitalized patients, most of whom have underlying diseases or procedures which render their bloodstreams susceptible to invasion.

Measurable quantity of bacteria in an object, organism, or organism compartment.

A group of QUINOLONES with at least one fluorine atom and a piperazinyl group.

A carboxypeptidase that is specific for proteins that contain two ALANINE residues on their C-terminal. Enzymes in this class play an important role in bacterial CELL WALL biosynthesis.

Mutagenesis where the mutation is caused by the introduction of foreign DNA sequences into a gene or extragenic sequence. This may occur spontaneously in vivo or be experimentally induced in vivo or in vitro. Proviral DNA insertions into or adjacent to a cellular proto-oncogene can interrupt GENETIC TRANSLATION of the coding sequences or interfere with recognition of regulatory elements and cause unregulated expression of the proto-oncogene resulting in tumor formation.

A product of fermentation. It is a component of the butanediol cycle in microorganisms. In mammals it is oxidized to carbon dioxide.

A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.

An antibiotic produced by the soil actinomycete Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting the initiation and elongation processes during protein synthesis.

Structures within the nucleus of bacterial cells consisting of or containing DNA, which carry genetic information essential to the cell.

A group of antibiotics that contain 6-aminopenicillanic acid with a side chain attached to the 6-amino group. The penicillin nucleus is the chief structural requirement for biological activity. The side-chain structure determines many of the antibacterial and pharmacological characteristics. (Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1065)

A genus of gram-positive, microaerophilic, rod-shaped bacteria occurring widely in nature. Its species are also part of the many normal flora of the mouth, intestinal tract, and vagina of many mammals, including humans. Pathogenicity from this genus is rare.

Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA.

A set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene. Such genes may be clustered together on the same chromosome or dispersed on different chromosomes. Examples of multigene families include those that encode the hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, histocompatibility antigens, actins, tubulins, keratins, collagens, heat shock proteins, salivary glue proteins, chorion proteins, cuticle proteins, yolk proteins, and phaseolins, as well as histones, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes. The latter three are examples of reiterated genes, where hundreds of identical genes are present in a tandem array. (King & Stanfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Rupture of bacterial cells due to mechanical force, chemical action, or the lytic growth of BACTERIOPHAGES.

A method where a culturing surface inoculated with microbe is exposed to small disks containing known amounts of a chemical agent resulting in a zone of inhibition (usually in millimeters) of growth of the microbe corresponding to the susceptibility of the strain to the agent.

Materials placed inside a root canal for the purpose of obturating or sealing it. The materials may be gutta-percha, silver cones, paste mixtures, or other substances. (Dorland, 28th ed, p631 & Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p187)

Ribonucleic acid in bacteria having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.

A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

A group of broad-spectrum antibiotics first isolated from the Mediterranean fungus ACREMONIUM. They contain the beta-lactam moiety thia-azabicyclo-octenecarboxylic acid also called 7-aminocephalosporanic acid.

A complex of cyclic peptide antibiotics produced by the Tracy-I strain of Bacillus subtilis. The commercial preparation is a mixture of at least nine bacitracins with bacitracin A as the major constituent. It is used topically to treat open infections such as infected eczema and infected dermal ulcers. (From Goodman and Gilman, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1140)

Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified.

A non-pathogenic species of LACTOCOCCUS found in DAIRY PRODUCTS and responsible for the souring of MILK and the production of LACTIC ACID.

An autolytic enzyme bound to the surface of bacterial cell walls. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in certain cell wall glycopeptides, particularly peptidoglycan. EC 3.5.1.28.

A pyridoxal-phosphate protein that catalyzes the conversion of L-tyrosine to tyramine and carbon dioxide. The bacterial enzyme also acts on 3-hydroxytyrosine and, more slowly, on 3-hydroxyphenylalanine. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 4.1.1.25.

Enzyme which catalyzes the peptide cross-linking of nascent CELL WALL; PEPTIDOGLYCAN.

A genus of gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, coccoid bacteria. Its organisms occur singly, in pairs, and in tetrads and characteristically divide in more than one plane to form irregular clusters. Natural populations of Staphylococcus are found on the skin and mucous membranes of warm-blooded animals. Some species are opportunistic pathogens of humans and animals.

The ability of bacteria to resist or to become tolerant to several structurally and functionally distinct drugs simultaneously. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).

Suppurative inflammation of the tissues of the internal structures of the eye frequently associated with an infection.

Bacterial proteins that share the property of binding irreversibly to PENICILLINS and other ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS derived from LACTAMS. The penicillin-binding proteins are primarily enzymes involved in CELL WALL biosynthesis including MURAMOYLPENTAPEPTIDE CARBOXYPEPTIDASE; PEPTIDE SYNTHASES; TRANSPEPTIDASES; and HEXOSYLTRANSFERASES.

The genetic complement of a BACTERIA as represented in its DNA.

Effects of dispersed recreational activities on the microbiological quality of forest surface water. (1/2300)

The microbiological quality of forest surface waters in the Greenwater River watershed was examined to investigate the influence of heavy motorized camping in an area with no sanitary facilities. Indicator densities increased during weekend human-use periods when compared to weekdays. Increases in indicator densities were also noted downstream from heavily used camping areas when compared to upstream sites. Seasonal, weekly, and diurnal fluctuations in indicator densities were observed. This study suggests that potential health hazards exist in this watershed during periods of human use. (+info)

Isolation and chemical characterization of a capsular polysaccharide antigen shared by clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. (2/2300)

Enterococci are a common cause of serious infections, especially in newborns, severely immunocompromised patients, and patients requiring intensive care. To characterize enterococcal surface antigens that are targets of opsonic antibodies, rabbits were immunized with various gentamicin-killed Enterococcus faecalis strains, and immune sera were tested in an opsonophagocytic assay against a selection of clinical isolates. Serum raised against one strain killed the homologous strain (12030) at a dilution of 1:5,120 and mediated opsonic killing of 33% of all strains tested. In addition, this serum killed two (28%) of seven vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium strains. Adsorption of sera with the homologous strain eliminated killing activity. The adsorbing antigens were resistant to treatment with proteinase K and to boiling for 1 h, but were susceptible to treatment with sodium periodate, indicating that the antigen inducing opsonic activity is a polysaccharide. Antibodies in immune rabbit sera reacted with a capsule-like structure visualized by electron microscopy both on the homologous E. faecalis strain and on a vancomycin-resistant E. faecium strain. The capsular polysaccharides from E. faecalis 12030 and E. faecium 838970 were purified, and chemical and structural analyses indicated they were identical glycerol teichoic acid-like molecules with a carbohydrate backbone structure of 6-alpha-D-glucose-1-2 glycerol-3-PO4 with substitution on carbon 2 of the glucose with an alpha-2-1-D-glucose residue. The purified antigen adsorbed opsonic killing activity from immune rabbit sera and elicited high titers of antibodies (when used to immunize rabbits) that both mediated opsonic killing of bacteria and bound to a capsule-like structure visualized by electron microscopy. These results indicate that approximately one-third of a sample of 15 E. faecalis strains and 7 vancomycin-resistant E. faecium strains possess shared capsular polysaccharides that are targets of opsonophagocytic antibodies and therefore are potential vaccine candidates. (+info)

A new hydrolase specific for taurine-conjugates of bile acids. (3/2300)

Through the investigation of the bile acid-deconjugation activities of human intestinal anaerobes, a new enzyme was discovered in Peptostreptococcus intermedius which hydrolyzed specifically the taurine-conjugates, but not the glycine-conjugates of bile acids. However, the enzymes in Streptococcus faecalis and Lactobacillus brevis hydrolyzed chiefly the glycine-conjugates. (+info)

Two-step acquisition of resistance to the teicoplanin-gentamicin combination by VanB-type Enterococcus faecalis in vitro and in experimental endocarditis. (4/2300)

The activity of vancomycin and teicoplanin combined with gentamicin was investigated in vitro against strains of Enterococcus faecalis resistant to vancomycin and susceptible to teicoplanin (VanB type) and against mutants that had acquired resistance to teicoplanin by three different mechanisms. In vitro, gentamicin selected mutants with two- to sixfold increases in the level of resistance to this antibiotic at frequencies of 10(-6) to 10(-7). Teicoplanin selected teicoplanin-resistant mutants at similar frequencies. Both mutations were required to abolish the activity of the gentamicin-teicoplanin combination. As expected, simultaneous acquisition of the two types of mutations was not observed. In therapy with gentamicin or teicoplanin alone, each selected mutants in three of seven rabbits with aortic endocarditis due to VanB-type E. faecalis BM4275. The vancomycin-gentamicin combination selected mutants that were resistant to gentamicin and to the combination. In contrast, the teicoplanin-gentamicin regimen prevented the emergence of mutants resistant to one or both components of the combination. These results suggest that two mutations are also required to suppress the in vivo activity of the teicoplanin-gentamicin combination. (+info)

Efficacy of ampicillin plus ceftriaxone in treatment of experimental endocarditis due to Enterococcus faecalis strains highly resistant to aminoglycosides. (5/2300)

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the in vitro possibilities of ampicillin-ceftriaxone combinations for 10 Enterococcus faecalis strains with high-level resistance to aminoglycosides (HLRAg) and to assess the efficacy of ampicillin plus ceftriaxone, both administered with humanlike pharmacokinetics, for the treatment of experimental endocarditis due to HLRAg E. faecalis. A reduction of 1 to 4 dilutions in MICs of ampicillin was obtained when ampicillin was combined with a fixed subinhibitory ceftriaxone concentration of 4 micrograms/ml. This potentiating effect was also observed by the double disk method with all 10 strains. Time-kill studies performed with 1 and 2 micrograms of ampicillin alone per ml or in combination with 5, 10, 20, 40, and 60 micrograms of ceftriaxone per ml showed a > or = 2 log10 reduction in CFU per milliliter with respect to ampicillin alone and to the initial inoculum for all 10 E. faecalis strains studied. This effect was obtained for seven strains with the combination of 2 micrograms of ampicillin per ml plus 10 micrograms of ceftriaxone per ml and for six strains with 5 micrograms of ceftriaxone per ml. Animals with catheter-induced endocarditis were infected intravenously with 10(8) CFU of E. faecalis V48 or 10(5) CFU of E. faecalis V45 and were treated for 3 days with humanlike pharmacokinetics of 2 g of ampicillin every 4 h, alone or combined with 2 g of ceftriaxone every 12 h. The levels in serum and the pharmacokinetic parameters of the humanlike pharmacokinetics of ampicillin or ceftriaxone in rabbits were similar to those found in humans treated with 2 g of ampicillin or ceftriaxone intravenously. Results of the therapy for experimental endocarditis caused by E. faecalis V48 or V45 showed that the residual bacterial titers in aortic valve vegetations were significantly lower in the animals treated with the combinations of ampicillin plus ceftriaxone than in those treated with ampicillin alone (P < 0.001). The combination of ampicillin and ceftriaxone showed in vitro and in vivo synergism against HLRAg E. faecalis. (+info)

The osmoprotectant glycine betaine inhibits salt-induced cross-tolerance towards lethal treatment in Enterococcus faecalis. (6/2300)

The response of Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 19433 to salt stress has been characterized previously in complex media. In this report, it has been demonstrated that this bacterium actively accumulates the osmoprotectant glycine betaine (GB) from salt-enriched complex medium BHI. To further understand the specific effects of GB and other osmoprotective compounds in salt adaptation and salt-induced cross-tolerance to lethal challenges, a chemically defined medium lacking putative osmoprotectants was used. In this medium, bacterial growth was significantly reduced by increasing concentrations of NaCl. At 0.75 M NaCl, 90% inhibition of the growth rate was observed; GB and its structural analogues restored growth to the non-salt-stressed level. In contrast, proline, pipecolate and ectoine did not allow growth recovery of stressed cells. Kinetic studies showed that the uptake of betaines shows strong structural specificity and occurs through a salt-stress-inducible high-affinity porter [Km = 3.3 microM; Vmax = 130 nmol min(-1) (mg protein)(-1); the uptake activity increased 400-fold in the presence of 0.5 M NaCl]. Moreover, GB and its analogues were accumulated as non-metabolizable cytosolic osmolytes and reached intracellular levels ranging from 1-3 to 1.5 micromol (mg protein)(-1). In contrast to the beneficial effect of GB on the growth of salt-stressed cultures of E. faecalis, its accumulation inhibits the salt-induced cross-tolerance to a heterologous lethal challenge. Indeed, pretreatment of bacterial cells with 0.5 M NaCl induced resistance to 0.3% bile salts (survival of adapted cells increased by a factor of 6800). The presence of GB in the adaptation medium reduced the acquisition of bile salts resistance 680-fold. The synthesis of 11 of the 13 proteins induced during salt adaptation was significantly reduced in the presence of GB. These results raise questions about the actual beneficial effect of GB in natural environments where bacteria are often subjected to various stresses. (+info)

Microbiological and inflammatory effects of murine recombinant interleukin-10 in two models of polymicrobial peritonitis in rats. (7/2300)

A protective effect of interleukin-10 (IL-10) against the development of lethal shock has been demonstrated in various animal models. In contrast, the immunosuppressant properties of this mediator have been minimally evaluated in low-mortality models of infections. The clinical, microbiological, and inflammatory effects of murine recombinant IL-10 (mrIL-10) therapy were evaluated in two models of peritonitis in rats, which differed in the degree of severity of peritoneal inflammation 3 days after inoculation of Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis with or without Enterococcus faecalis. The severity of the disease remained unchanged compared to that in control animals. A dose-related decrease in the peritoneal phagocyte count was observed in the treated groups compared to the counts in control animals. The subsequent experiments were performed exclusively in the mixed gram-positive-gram negative model, which exhibits an intense and prolonged inflammatory response with similar criteria. The early effects of mrIL-10 (evaluated 6 h after inoculation), repeated injections of mrIL-10 (four doses injected from 0 to 9 h after bacterial challenge), and pretreatment (two doses injected 6 and 3 h before inoculation) were evaluated. The clinical and microbiological parameters remained unchanged in the treated animals. Decreases in the peritoneal phagocyte count and the peritoneal concentration of tumor necrosis factor were observed following repeated injections of mrIL-10. In summary, our data suggest that mrIL-10 does not worsen the manifestations of sepsis. However, these results need to be confirmed in clinical practice. (+info)

Isolation of Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates that efficiently adhere to human bladder carcinoma T24 cells and inhibition of adhesion by fibronectin and trypsin treatment. (8/2300)

The adherence of Enterococcus faecalis strains to human T24 cells was examined by scanning electron microscopy. Five highly adhesive strains were identified from 30 strains isolated from the urine of patients with urinary tract infections. No efficiently adhesive strains were found among the 30 strains isolated from the feces of healthy students. The five isolated strains also adhered efficiently to human bladder epithelial cells. Analysis of restriction endonuclease-digested plasmid DNAs and chromosome DNAs showed that the five strains were different strains isolated from different patients. The adhesiveness of these strains was inhibited by treatment with fibronectin or trypsin, implying that a specific protein (adhesin) on the bacterial cell surface mediates adherence to fibronectin on the host cell surfaces, and the adhesin differs from the reported adhesins. (+info)

Some common examples of gram-positive bacterial infections include:

1. Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections: These are infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, which is a type of gram-positive bacteria that is resistant to many antibiotics.
2. Streptococcal infections: These are infections caused by streptococcus bacteria, such as strep throat and cellulitis.
3. Pneumococcal infections: These are infections caused by pneumococcus bacteria, such as pneumonia.
4. Enterococcal infections: These are infections caused by enterococcus bacteria, such as urinary tract infections and endocarditis.
5. Candidiasis: This is a type of fungal infection caused by candida, which is a type of gram-positive fungus.

Gram-positive bacterial infections can be treated with antibiotics, such as penicillin and ampicillin, but the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance has made the treatment of these infections more challenging. In some cases, gram-positive bacterial infections may require more aggressive treatment, such as combination therapy with multiple antibiotics or the use of antifungal medications.

Overall, gram-positive bacterial infections can be serious and potentially life-threatening, so it is important to seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen over time.

Causes and risk factors:

The most common cause of bacterial endocarditis is a bacterial infection that enters the bloodstream and travels to the heart. This can occur through various means, such as:

* Injecting drugs or engaging in other risky behaviors that allow bacteria to enter the body
* Having a weakened immune system due to illness or medication
* Having a previous history of endocarditis or other heart conditions
* Being over the age of 60, as older adults are at higher risk for developing endocarditis

Symptoms:

The symptoms of bacterial endocarditis can vary depending on the severity of the infection and the location of the infected area. Some common symptoms include:

* Fever
* Chills
* Joint pain or swelling
* Fatigue
* Shortness of breath
* Heart murmurs or abnormal heart sounds

Diagnosis:

Bacterial endocarditis is diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and diagnostic tests such as:

* Blood cultures to identify the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream
* Echocardiogram to visualize the heart and detect any abnormalities
* Chest X-ray to look for signs of infection or inflammation in the lungs or heart
* Electrocardiogram (ECG) to measure the electrical activity of the heart

Treatment:

The treatment of bacterial endocarditis typically involves a combination of antibiotics and surgery. Antibiotics are used to kill the bacteria and reduce inflammation, while surgery may be necessary to repair or replace damaged heart tissue. In some cases, the infected heart tissue may need to be removed.

Prevention:

Preventing bacterial endocarditis involves good oral hygiene, regular dental check-ups, and avoiding certain high-risk activities such as unprotected sex or sharing of needles. People with existing heart conditions should also take antibiotics before dental or medical procedures to reduce the risk of infection.

Prognosis:

The prognosis for bacterial endocarditis is generally good if treatment is prompt and effective. However, delays in diagnosis and treatment can lead to serious complications such as heart failure, stroke, or death. Patients with pre-existing heart conditions are at higher risk for complications.

Incidence:

Bacterial endocarditis is a relatively rare condition, affecting approximately 2-5 cases per million people per year in the United States. However, people with certain risk factors such as heart conditions or prosthetic heart valves are at higher risk for developing the infection.

Complications:

Bacterial endocarditis can lead to a number of complications, including:

* Heart failure
* Stroke or brain abscess
* Kidney damage or failure
* Pregnancy complications
* Nerve damage or peripheral neuropathy
* Skin or soft tissue infections
* Bone or joint infections
* Septicemia (blood poisoning)

Prevention:

Preventive measures for bacterial endocarditis include:

* Good oral hygiene and regular dental check-ups to reduce the risk of dental infections
* Avoiding high-risk activities such as unprotected sex or sharing of needles
* Antibiotics before dental or medical procedures for patients with existing heart conditions
* Proper sterilization and disinfection of medical equipment
* Use of antimicrobial prophylaxis (prevention) in high-risk patients.

Emerging Trends:

Newly emerging trends in the management of bacterial endocarditis include:

* The use of novel antibiotics and combination therapy to improve treatment outcomes
* The development of new diagnostic tests to help identify the cause of infection more quickly and accurately
* The increased use of preventive measures such as antibiotic prophylaxis in high-risk patients.

Future Directions:

Future directions for research on bacterial endocarditis may include:

* Investigating the use of novel diagnostic techniques, such as genomics and proteomics, to improve the accuracy of diagnosis
* Developing new antibiotics and combination therapies to improve treatment outcomes
* Exploring alternative preventive measures such as probiotics and immunotherapy.

In conclusion, bacterial endocarditis is a serious infection that can have severe consequences if left untreated. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial to improving patient outcomes. Preventive measures such as good oral hygiene and antibiotic prophylaxis can help reduce the risk of developing this condition. Ongoing research is focused on improving diagnostic techniques, developing new treatments, and exploring alternative preventive measures.

Types of Dental Pulp Diseases:

1. Pulpal necrosis: This is a condition where the dental pulp becomes damaged or dies due to injury, infection, or exposure to extreme temperatures.
2. Dental abscess: A bacterial infection that can cause pain, swelling, and pus formation in the tooth and surrounding tissues.
3. Periapical granuloma: A non-cancerous inflammatory response to a pulpal or periodontal infection.
4. Periapical cyst: A fluid-filled sac that forms as a result of the inflammatory response to a pulpal or periodontal infection.
5. Radiculitis: Inflammation of the nerves that extend from the tooth into the jawbone and skull, causing pain and swelling.
6. Osteonecrosis: A condition where the jawbone dies due to a lack of blood supply, often caused by a dental infection or trauma.
7. Periodontal disease: A bacterial infection that affects the gums and supporting tissues of the teeth, leading to inflammation and damage to the gum and bone tissues.

Symptoms of Dental Pulp Diseases:

1. Toothache or sensitivity to temperature changes
2. Swelling and redness in the gums and surrounding tissues
3. Pain when chewing or biting
4. Bad breath or a bad taste in the mouth
5. Swollen lymph nodes in the neck or jaw
6. Fever and general feeling of illness

Treatment Options for Dental Pulp Diseases:

1. Root canal treatment: A procedure to remove the infected dental pulp, clean and disinfect the inside of the tooth, and fill the tooth with a special material.
2. Extraction: Removal of the affected tooth if the infection is severe or if the tooth cannot be saved.
3. Antibiotics: Medication to treat bacterial infections, such as abscesses or periapical infections.
4. Pain management: Over-the-counter pain medications, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can help manage toothache pain and inflammation.
5. Surgery: In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove infected tissue or repair damaged tissues.

Prevention of Dental Pulp Diseases:

1. Regular dental check-ups and cleanings to catch any problems early on and prevent infections from developing.
2. Good oral hygiene practices, such as brushing twice a day with fluoride toothpaste and flossing once a day, to remove plaque and bacteria from the teeth.
3. Avoid sugary or acidic foods and drinks that can damage the teeth and lead to infections.
4. Wear a mouthguard when participating in sports to protect the teeth from injury.
5. Avoid smoking and using tobacco products, which can increase the risk of dental pulp diseases.

Early diagnosis and treatment of dental pulp diseases are crucial to preventing more severe complications and preserving the affected tooth. If you suspect that you have a dental pulp disease, it is essential to visit a dentist as soon as possible for proper evaluation and treatment.

There are two main types of pulpitis:

1. Reversible pulpitis: This type of pulpitis is reversible and can be treated with conservative measures such as a filling or a root canal. The inflammation and infection in the pulp tissue can resolve with proper treatment, and the tooth can survive.
2. Irreversible pulpitis: This type of pulpitis is irreversible and cannot be treated with conservative measures. The inflammation and infection in the pulp tissue are severe and have damaged the pulp beyond repair. In this case, the only option is to extract the tooth.

Symptoms of pulpitis may include:

* Sensitivity to hot or cold foods and drinks
* Pain when biting or chewing
* Swelling and tenderness in the affected gum tissue
* Discoloration of the tooth

If left untreated, pulpitis can lead to more severe conditions such as an abscess or bacterial endocarditis, which can have serious consequences. Therefore, it is essential to seek professional dental care if symptoms of pulpitis are present. A dentist will perform a thorough examination and may take X-rays to determine the extent of the damage and recommend appropriate treatment.

Treatment options for pulpitis depend on the severity of the condition and may include:

* Conservative measures such as fillings or crowns to address any underlying decay or structural issues
* Root canal therapy to remove the infected pulp tissue and preserve the tooth
* Extraction of the affected tooth if the damage is too severe or if the tooth cannot be saved.

In medicine, cross-infection refers to the transmission of an infectious agent from one individual or source to another, often through direct contact or indirect exposure. This type of transmission can occur in various settings, such as hospitals, clinics, and long-term care facilities, where patients with compromised immune systems are more susceptible to infection.

Cross-infection can occur through a variety of means, including:

1. Person-to-person contact: Direct contact with an infected individual, such as touching, hugging, or shaking hands.
2. Contaminated surfaces and objects: Touching contaminated surfaces or objects that have been touched by an infected individual, such as doorknobs, furniture, or medical equipment.
3. Airborne transmission: Inhaling droplets or aerosolized particles that contain the infectious agent, such as during coughing or sneezing.
4. Contaminated food and water: Consuming food or drinks that have been handled by an infected individual or contaminated with the infectious agent.
5. Insect vectors: Mosquitoes, ticks, or other insects can transmit infections through their bites.

Cross-infection is a significant concern in healthcare settings, as it can lead to outbreaks of nosocomial infections (infections acquired in hospitals) and can spread rapidly among patients, healthcare workers, and visitors. To prevent cross-infection, healthcare providers use strict infection control measures, such as wearing personal protective equipment (PPE), thoroughly cleaning and disinfecting surfaces, and implementing isolation precautions for infected individuals.

In summary, cross-infection refers to the transmission of an infectious agent from one individual or source to another, often through direct contact or indirect exposure in healthcare settings. Preventing cross-infection is essential to maintaining a safe and healthy environment for patients, healthcare workers, and visitors.

Symptoms of periapical periodontitis may include:

* Pain or tenderness in the affected tooth
* Swelling and redness in the gum tissue
* Bad breath or a bad taste in the mouth
* Discharge of pus from the affected tooth

Periapical periodontitis is typically diagnosed through a combination of clinical examination and diagnostic tests such as radiographs (x-rays) or dental scans. Treatment may involve antibiotics, a root canal, or extraction of the affected tooth, depending on the severity of the infection and the extent of damage to the pulp and surrounding tissues.

Bacteremia can occur when bacteria enter the bloodstream through various means, such as:

* Infected wounds or surgical sites
* Injecting drug use
* Skin infections
* Respiratory tract infections
* Urinary tract infections
* Endocarditis (infection of the heart valves)

The symptoms of bacteremia can vary depending on the type of bacteria and the severity of the infection. Some common symptoms include:

* Fever
* Chills
* Headache
* Muscle aches
* Weakness
* Confusion
* Shortness of breath

Bacteremia is diagnosed by blood cultures, which involve collecting blood samples and inserting them into a specialized container to grow the bacteria. Treatment typically involves antibiotics and supportive care, such as intravenous fluids and oxygen therapy. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary to monitor and treat the infection.

Prevention measures for bacteremia include:

* Practicing good hygiene, such as washing hands regularly
* Avoiding sharing personal items like toothbrushes or razors
* Properly cleaning and covering wounds
* Getting vaccinated against infections that can lead to bacteremia
* Following proper sterilization techniques during medical procedures

Overall, bacteremia is a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention to prevent complications and ensure effective treatment.

Symptoms of a UTI can include:

* Painful urination
* Frequent urination
* Cloudy or strong-smelling urine
* Blood in the urine
* Pelvic pain in women
* Rectal pain in men

If you suspect that you have a UTI, it is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible. UTIs can lead to more serious complications if left untreated, such as kidney damage or sepsis.

Treatment for a UTI typically involves antibiotics to clear the infection. It is important to complete the full course of treatment to ensure that the infection is completely cleared. Drinking plenty of water and taking over-the-counter pain relievers may also help alleviate symptoms.

Preventive measures for UTIs include:

* Practicing good hygiene, such as wiping from front to back and washing hands after using the bathroom
* Urinating when you feel the need, rather than holding it in
* Avoiding certain foods that may irritate the bladder, such as spicy or acidic foods
* Drinking plenty of water to help flush bacteria out of the urinary tract.

Some common examples of bacterial infections include:

1. Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
2. Respiratory infections such as pneumonia and bronchitis
3. Skin infections such as cellulitis and abscesses
4. Bone and joint infections such as osteomyelitis
5. Infected wounds or burns
6. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as chlamydia and gonorrhea
7. Food poisoning caused by bacteria such as salmonella and E. coli.

In severe cases, bacterial infections can lead to life-threatening complications such as sepsis or blood poisoning. It is important to seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen over time. Proper diagnosis and treatment can help prevent these complications and ensure a full recovery.

Endophthalmitis can be classified into several types based on its causes, such as:

1. Postoperative endophthalmitis: This type of endophthalmitis occurs after cataract surgery or other intraocular surgeries. It is caused by bacterial infection that enters the eye through the surgical incision.
2. Endogenous endophthalmitis: This type of endophthalmitis is caused by an infection that originates within the eye, such as from a retinal detachment or uveitis.
3. Exogenous endophthalmitis: This type of endophthalmitis is caused by an infection that enters the eye from outside, such as from a penetrating injury or a foreign object in the eye.

The symptoms of endophthalmitis can include:

1. Severe pain in the eye
2. Redness and swelling of the conjunctiva
3. Difficulty seeing or blind spots in the visual field
4. Sensitivity to light
5. Increased sensitivity to touch or pressure on the eye
6. Fever and chills
7. Swollen lymph nodes
8. Enlarged pupil
9. Clouding of the vitreous humor

If you suspect that you or someone else has endophthalmitis, it is important to seek medical attention immediately. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent vision loss. Treatment options for endophthalmitis may include antibiotics, vitrectomy (removal of the vitreous humor), and in some cases, removal of the affected eye.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Enterococcus faecalis. Type strain of Enterococcus faecalis at BacDive - the Bacterial ... "Transfer of Streptococcus faecalis and Streptococcus faecium to the Genus Enterococcus nom. rev. as Enterococcus faecalis comb ... Prior to 1984, enterococci were members of the genus Streptococcus; thus, E. faecalis was known as Streptococcus faecalis. In ... Enterococcus faecalis - formerly classified as part of the group D Streptococcus system - is a Gram-positive, commensal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterococcus_faecalis

"Transfer of Streptococcus faecalis and Streptococcus faecium to the genus Enterococcus nom. rev. as Enterococcus faecalis comb ... Parte, A.C. "Enterococcus". LPSN. LPSN LPSN entry for Enterococcus Gilmore MS; et al., eds. (2002). The Enterococci: ... Important clinical infections caused by Enterococcus include urinary tract infections (see Enterococcus faecalis), bacteremia, ... Singh, Kavindra V.; Weinstock, George M.; Murray, Barbara E. (June 2002). "An Enterococcus faecalis ABC Homologue (Lsa) Is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterococcus

... and faecalis, or the enterococcus. Horder, as well as John Hannah Drysdale, Hugh Thursfield, Frank Atcherley Rose, and W. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_William_Andrewes

Enterococcus faecalis) and their phage. The genes coding for the lytic system of the pneumococcal phage, Dp-1, has been cloned ... "Role of mobile DNA in the evolution of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis". Science. 299 (5615): 2071-2074. Bibcode: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dp-1_holin_family

Kemp KD, Singh KV, Nallapareddy SR, Murray BE (November 2007). "Relative contributions of Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF sortase- ... a second pilus gene cluster in Enterococcus faecalis?". Current Microbiology. 59 (2): 206-11. doi:10.1007/s00284-009-9422-y. ... "Endocarditis and biofilm-associated pili of Enterococcus faecalis". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 116 (10): 2799-807. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sortase

... faecalis, E. faecium, E. durans, and E. avium). For example, Streptococcus faecalis is now Enterococcus faecalis. E. faecalis ... Many former group D streptococci have been reclassified and placed in the genus Enterococcus (including E. ... many bacteria formerly grouped in the genus Streptococcus were separated out into the genera Enterococcus and Lactococcus. ... "The present state of species within the genera Streptococcus and Enterococcus". International Journal of Medical Microbiology. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptococcus

Enterococcus faecalis did this by releasing a bacteriocin. Female hoopoes transfer preen oil onto their brood patches and eggs ... One study of Eurasian hoopoes showed that the presence of symbiotic bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis) in their preen oil ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preening

... aeruginosa Serratia marcescens Enterococcus faecalis Peptococcus spp. Peptostreptococcus spp. Mezlocillin can be made in a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezlocillin

... a new type of acquired glycopeptide resistance in Enterococcus faecalis BM4405". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 43 (9 ... "The vanG glycopeptide resistance operon from Enterococcus faecalis revisited". Molecular Microbiology. 50 (3): 931-48. doi: ... Dutka-Malen S, Molinas C, Arthur M, Courvalin P (March 1992). "Sequence of the vanC gene of Enterococcus gallinarum BM4174 ... in Enterococcus casseliflavus". Microbial Drug Resistance. 15 (1): 1-9. doi:10.1089/mdr.2009.0856. PMID 19216682. D-alanine-D- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-alanine—D-serine_ligase

... and Enterococcus faecalis. Hospital-acquired infections may be due to coliform bacteria and enterococci, as well as other ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyelonephritis

UNC41MFS5, Enterococcus faecalis, and Enterococcus faecalis 13-SD-W-01. In the C1orf131 orthologs the DUF domains are typically ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C1orf131

Real-time PCR method to detect Enterococcus faecalis in water. Biotechnology Letters, 25, 3, 261-5. S J Corbett, G L Rubin, G K ... Enterococcus is a large genus of lactic acid phylum Firmicutes Fecal enterococci inhabit gastrointestinal tract of animals. ... detection of the faecal indicator bacterium Enterococcus faecalis in water stored in traditional vessels. The Indian Journal of ... Enterococcus bacteria is not harmful by itself, but it indicates harmful bacteria is in the water. These types of bacteria can ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beach_advisory

"The incongruent gelatinase genotype and phenotype in Enterococcus faecalis are due to shutting off the ability to respond to ... "Structure-activity relationship of gelatinase biosynthesis-activating pheromone of Enterococcus faecalis". J. Bacteriol. 191 (2 ... pheromone abbreviated as GBAP is a cyclic peptide produced by pathogenic bacteria such as Enterococcus faecalis. GAP is part of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelatinase_biosynthesis-activating_pheromone

Enterococcus faecalis and/or other facultative enteric bacteria or Pseudomonas sp. are found in this situation. Endodontic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_canal_treatment

Maadani A, Fox KA, Mylonakis E, Garsin DA (May 2007). "Enterococcus faecalis mutations affecting virulence in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_microcompartment

"Ethanolamine activates a sensor histidine kinase regulating its utilization in Enterococcus faecalis". Journal of Bacteriology ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobalamin_riboswitch

2018). "Clinical management of non-faecium non-faecalis vancomycin-resistant enterococci infection. Focus on Enterococcus ... Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, or vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), are bacterial strains of the genus Enterococcus ... d-Ser Ligase Associated with Vancomycin Resistance in Enterococcus faecalis♦". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 287 (45): ... Six different types of vancomycin resistance are shown by enterococcus: Van-A, Van-B, Van-C, Van-D, Van-E and Van-G. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vancomycin-resistant_Enterococcus

"Modular design of the Enterococcus hirae muramidase-2 and Streptococcus faecalis autolysin". FEMS Microbiology Letters. 70 (3 ... The region was originally identified as a C-terminal repeat found in the Enterococcus hirae muramidase. The LysM domain is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LysM_domain

Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus durans and Streptococcus bovis Group F, G & L - Streptococcus ... Priloska, G (2008). "Virulence factors and antibiotic resistance in Enterococcus faecalis isolated from urine samples". Prilozi ... Notably, Enterococci and Streptococcus bovis (Lancefield Group D) are not beta-hemolytic. Though there are many groups of ... Enterococcus, formerly known as Group D Streptococcus, were classified as members of the genus Streptococcus until 1984 and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lancefield_grouping

Weaver KE, Jensen KD, Colwell A, Sriram SI (April 1996). "Functional analysis of the Enterococcus faecalis plasmid pAD1-encoded ... "An intramolecular upstream helix ensures the stability of a toxin-encoding RNA in Enterococcus faecalis". J. Bacteriol. 191 (5 ... "Isolation of a derivative of Escherichia coli-Enterococcus faecalis shuttle vector pAM401 temperature sensitive for maintenance ... determinant is a 400 bp locus of the pAD1 plasmid which encodes a type I toxin-antitoxin system in Enterococcus faecalis. It ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Par_stability_determinant

Multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are associated with nosocomial infections. These strains ... include: penicillin-resistant Enterococcus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, and linezolid-resistant Enterococcus. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_antibiotic-resistant_bacteria

Tsigrelis C, Singh KV, Coutinho TD, Murray BE, Baddour LM (February 2007). "Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis ... cell wall contains a thick layer of peptidoglycan and no outer membrane-notably Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis ... Acquired resistance to linezolid was reported as early as 1999, in two patients with severe, multidrug-resistant Enterococcus ... Ang JY, Lua JL, Turner DR, Asmar BI (December 2003). "Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium endocarditis in a premature ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linezolid

2003). "Role of mobile DNA in the evolution of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis". Science. 299 (5615): 2071-4. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sequenced_bacterial_genomes

... extracts have weak antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus. "Virola ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virola_elongata

... and Enterococcus faecalis have developed resistance to imipenem to varying degrees. Not many species are resistant to imipenem ... It is particularly important for its activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the Enterococcus species. It is not active ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imipenem

His Ph.D. thesis on the enzymology of Enterococcus faecalis was supervised by Gunsalus. Wood was from 1950 to 1958 a faculty ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willis_A._Wood

... also shows in vitro activity against vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis. Other ... may show in vitro susceptibility, and dalbavancin may exhibit activity against enterococci expressing the VanB or VanC ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalbavancin

2018). Enterococcus faecalis Demonstrates Pathogenicity through Increased Attachment in an Ex Vivo Polymicrobial Pulpal ... 2018). Enterococcus faecalis Demonstrates Pathogenicity through Increased Attachment in an Ex Vivo Polymicrobial Pulpal ... "Enterococcus faecalis Demonstrates Pathogenicity through Increased Attachment in an Ex Vivo Polymicrobial Pulpal Infection". ... "Enterococcus faecalis Demonstrates Pathogenicity through Increased Attachment in an Ex Vivo Polymicrobial Pulpal Infection". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alastair_J_Sloan

Enterococcus faecalis (formerly called "Group D Strep"), Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis display ... "Chapter 25: Streptococci and Enterococci". Sherris Medical Microbiology, 6th ed. Access Medicine. Retrieved 16 August 2016. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemolysis_(microbiology)

... "β-Lactam combinations with daptomycin provide synergy against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus ... Moreever oritavancin has demonstrated activity against in vitro to vancomycin-susceptible enterococci (VSE) and vancomycin- ... December 2010). "Oritavancin disrupts membrane integrity of Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci to ... resistant enterococci (VRE) in both planktonic and biofilm states. The 4'-chlorobiphenylmethyl group disrupts the cell membrane ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oritavancin

One study has shown that Enterococcus faecalis was still present in the dentin after 40 minutes of exposure of 1.3% and 2.5% ... sodium hypochlorite, whereas 40 minutes at a concentration of 5.25% was effective in E. faecalis removal. In addition to higher ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_hypochlorite

Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. It is also used against nausea and vomiting, parasitic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dracaena_mannii

For example, LTA from Enterococcus faecalis is a virulence factor positively correlating to inflammatory damage to teeth during ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipoteichoic_acid

Bacteriocin AS-48 is a cyclic peptide antibiotic produced by the eubacteria Enterococcus faecalis (Streptococcus faecalis) that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteriocin_IId

... by enabling bacteria such as Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus cohnii, Bacillus pseudofirmus and Sporosarcina pasteurii to ... "Compressive Strength and Water Penetration of Concrete with Enterococcus faecalis and Calcium Lactate". Key Engineering ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_lactate

... results are found in a study where a select number of β-lactam susceptible pathogens consisting of Enterococcus faecalis, ... Some Gram-positive bacteria penicillin-binding proteins such as Enterococcus faecium (PBP-5) or Staphylococcus aureus (PBP-2a) ... "Penicillin-binding protein 5 sequence alterations in clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecium with different levels of beta- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piperacillin

Enterococcus faecalis, Micrococcus luteus, and Bacillus subtilis, as seen by the minimum inhibitory concentration. The whole ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristolochia_paucinervis

Three main resistance variants have been characterised to date among resistant Enterococcus faecium and E. faecalis populations ... In enterococci, this modification appears to be due to the expression of an enzyme that alters the terminal residue. ... Vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis, subsequently classified as VanB type, was recovered from patients in Missouri in 1987. Smith ... Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus emerged in 1986. Vancomycin resistance evolved in more common pathogenic organisms during the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vancomycin

Enterococcus faecalis, Enterobacter cloacae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The most commonly reported ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylcysteine

Streptococcus pneumoniae Enterococcus faecalis Enterococcus faecium (including vancomycin resistant strains) Acinetobacter ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eravacycline

The DNA sequence of the VRSA vanA gene was identical to that of a vancomycin-resistant strain of Enterococcus faecalis ... In vitro and in vivo experiments reported in 1992 demonstrated that vancomycin resistance genes from Enterococcus faecalis ... Vancomycin MICs of the VRSA isolate were consistent with the VanA phenotype of Enterococcus species, and the presence of the ... Strains of hVISA and vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) do not have resistant genes found in Enterococcus and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vancomycin-resistant_Staphylococcus_aureus

... has been a leading cause of multi-drug resistant enterococcal infections over Enterococcus faecalis in the ... Enterococcus faecium is a Gram-positive, gamma-hemolytic or non-hemolytic bacterium in the genus Enterococcus. It can be ... Enterococcus infections, including VRE infections, cause a range of different symptoms depending on the location of the ... The 22 sequenced Enterococcus faecium genomes: A study published in 2018 showed multi drug-resistant E. faecium exhibiting ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterococcus_faecium

... of a broadly active phage lytic enzyme with lethal activity against antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysin

Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans). It was active at high salt concentrations and the acidity ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perspiration

... able to obtain prostatic concentrations 10-fold above the minimum inhibitory concentration against Enterococcus faecalis. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_bacterial_prostatitis

Each species within the enterococci category was reclassified, including E. malodoratus - originally known as S. faecalis subsp ... Enterococcus malodoratus is a species of the genus Enterococcus and a gram positive bacteria capable of opportunistic ... ISBN 0-7514-0215-X. "Enterococcus malodoratus" at the Encyclopedia of Life LPSN Type strain of Enterococcus malodoratus at ... Enterococcus can be found in the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and other mammals. In a study on the enterococcal flora of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterococcus_malodoratus

"Functional replacement of the FabA and FabB proteins of Escherichia coli fatty acid synthesis by Enterococcus faecalis FabZ and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatty_acid_synthesis

The oils also affect Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Alcaligenes faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus ... faecalis, Flavobacterium suaveolens, Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. cremoris and Serratia marcescens. Clausenol is active ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clausena_anisata

Contr., 46: 312-321); and (vi) molecular identification of multiple antibiotic resistant fish pathogenic Enterococcus faecalis ... 5. Molecular Identification of Multiple Antibiotic Resistant Fish Pathogenic Enterococcus faecalis and their Control by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tofazzal_Islam

"Purification and characterization of the VanB ligase associated with type B vancomycin resistance in Enterococcus faecalis V583 ... Perichon B, Reynolds P, Courvalin P (September 1997). "VanD-type glycopeptide-resistant Enterococcus faecium BM4339". ... "Molecular basis for vancomycin resistance in Enterococcus faecium BM4147: biosynthesis of a depsipeptide peptidoglycan ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-alanine—(R)-lactate_ligase

... (formerly Qa RNA) is a small ncRNA from the conjugal plasmid pCF10 of Enterococcus faecalis. It is coded in cis to ... "Direct evidence for control of the pheromone-inducible prgQ operon of Enterococcus faecalis plasmid pCF10 by a ... faecalis plasmid pCF10 conjugation". Plasmid. 64 (1): 26-35. doi:10.1016/j.plasmid.2010.03.002. PMC 2892192. PMID 20332003. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-Q_RNA

... and Enterococcus faecalis, but not against Enterococcus faecium. For Gram-negative pathogens, ceftobiprole has shown good in ... and to penicillin-binding protein 5 in Enterococcus faecalis. Ceftobiprole has shown in vitro antimicrobial activity against a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceftobiprole

Bacteremia caused by vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis. Report of 2 cases]. Ortega L, Lite J, Garau J. Ortega L, et al ... MICs and susceptibility breakpoints for vancomycin-susceptible and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus ... Vancomycin-dependent enterococcus. Wilks M. Wilks M. Lancet. 1997 Feb 8;349(9049):429. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)65052-0. ... Vancomycin-dependent enterococcus. Rossney AS, McConkey SJ, Keane CT. Rossney AS, et al. Lancet. 1997 Feb 8;349(9049):430. doi ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8950890

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis in Serbia. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2004;10(1):157-158. doi:10.3201/ ... Stošović B, Stepanović S, Donabedian S, Tošić T, Jovanović M. Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis in Serbia. Emerg ... Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis in Serbia. Volume 10, Number 1-January 2004 ... Stošović, B., Stepanović, S., Donabedian, S., Tošić, T., & Jovanović, M. (2004). Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis in ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/10/1/02-0790

Timeline for Species Enterococcus faecalis [TaxId:1351] from a.244.1.1 Hypothetical protein EF2947: *Species Enterococcus ... PDB entry in Species: Enterococcus faecalis [TaxId: 1351]:. *Domain(s) for 2au5: *. Domain d2au5a1: 2au5 A:1-132 [127322]. ... Lineage for Species: Enterococcus faecalis [TaxId: 1351]. *Root: SCOP 1.73 *. Class a: All alpha proteins [46456] (258 folds). ... Species Enterococcus faecalis [TaxId:1351] from a.244.1.1 Hypothetical protein EF2947 appears in SCOP 1.75. *Species ...

http://scop.berkeley.edu/sunid=140610&ver=1.73

Enterococcus faecalis V583). Find diseases associated with this biological target and compounds tested against it in bioassay ...

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/Q82ZN5

The crystal structure of the putative SorC family transcriptional regulator from Enterococcus faecalis ... The crystal structure of the putative SorC family transcriptional regulator from Enterococcus faecalis. Zhang, R., Zhou, M., ... The crystal structure of the putative SorC family transcriptional regulator from Enterococcus faecalis. *PDB DOI: https://doi. ... Enterococcus faecalis V583. Mutation(s): 19 Gene Names: EF_1965. UniProt. Find proteins for Q833I7 (Enterococcus faecalis ( ...

https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2o0m

In this study, we have fractionated the membrane proteome of E. faecalis and identified many of its constituents by mass ... Enterococcus faecalis is a gram-positive bacterium that is part of the indigenous microbiotica of humans and animals as well as ... A reference map of the membrane proteome of Enterococcus faecalis Gianluca Maddalo 1 , Peter Chovanec, Filippa Stenberg-Bruzell ... A reference map of the membrane proteome of Enterococcus faecalis Gianluca Maddalo et al. Proteomics. 2011 Oct. ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21800426

Enterococcus faecalis,/i,.,i, Material and Methods,/i,. The root canals of 84 single-rooted premolars were enlarged up to a ... Enterococcus faecalis,/i,, and incubated for 21 days. The samples were divided into 7 groups according to the irrigation ... Both conventional syringe irrigation and sonic irrigation were found effective at removing,i, E. faecalis,/i, from the root ... Enterococcus faecalis,/i, compared to other experimental groups (,svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink xmlns=http:// ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2016/8076131/

Free resource for searching and exporting immune epitopes. Includes more than 95% of all published infectious disease, allergy, autoimmune, and transplant epitope data.

https://www.iedb.org/details_v3.php?type=sourceorganism&id=1351

Enterococcus faecalis (bacteria). Method. X-RAY DIFFRACTION / SYNCHROTRON / SAD / Resolution: 1.9 Å Details. Authors. Gorman, J ... Enterococcus faecalis (bacteria) / Strain: V583 / Gene: LACC / Plasmid: modified pET26b / Species (production host): ... Title: Crystal Structure of LacC from Enterococcus Faecalis in complex with ATP. Authors: Gorman, J. / Shapiro, L.. History. ... Crystal Structure of LacC from Enterococcus Faecalis in complex with ATP. Components. tagatose-6-phosphate kinase. Details. ...

https://pdbj.org/emnavi/quick.php?id=pdb-2f02

Enterococcus faecalis, in the urine specimen, which was further confirmed by both Sanger sequencing and qPCR analysis. A CT ... PCR electrophoretogram and qPCR analysis of the Enterococcus faecalis.a Electrophoretogram identified Enterococcus faecalis. b ... Herein, we have presented a case of UTI with Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), in which traditional culture was negative but ... E. faecalis and E. faecium are the two most common enterococci isolated in clinical samples [12]. A survey indicated that E. ...

https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12879-020-05179-0

In our previous study, we demonstrated that Enterococcus faecalis 2001 (EF-2001) prevents colitis-induced depressive-like ... Antidepressant effects of Enterococcus faecalis 2001 through the regulation of prefrontal cortical myelination via the ... In our previous study, we demonstrated that Enterococcus faecalis 2001 (EF-2001) prevents colitis-induced depressive-like ...

https://www.physiciansweekly.com/antidepressant-effects-of-enterococcus-faecalis-2001-through-the-regulation-of-prefrontal-cortical-myelination-via-the-enhancement-of-creb-bdnf-and-nf-%CE%BAb-p65-lif-stat3-pathways-in-olfactory-bulbe/

The present invention provides polynucleotide sequences of the genome of Enterococcus faecalis, polypeptide sequences encoded ... The present invention provides polynucleotide sequences of the genome of Enterococcus faecalis, polypeptide sequences encoded ... POLYNUKLEOTIDE UND SEQUENZEN AUS ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS. Title (fr). POLYNUCLEOTIDES ET POLYPEPTIDES D$i(ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS) ... EP 0981625 A2 20000301 - $i(ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS) POLYNUCLEOTIDES AND POLYPEPTIDES. Title (en). $i(ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS) ...

https://data.epo.org/gpi/EP0981625A2-i-ENTEROCOCCUS-FAECALIS-POLYNUCLEOTIDES-AND-POLYPEPTIDES

Rats were initially inoculated with the recipient Enterococcus faecalis JH2-2 at a concentration of 10(10) CFU mL(-1). After a ... Rats were initially inoculated with the recipient Enterococcus faecalis JH2-2 at a concentration of 10(10) CFU mL(-1). After a ... Rats were initially inoculated with the recipient Enterococcus faecalis JH2-2 at a concentration of 10(10) CFU mL(-1). After a ... Rats were initially inoculated with the recipient Enterococcus faecalis JH2-2 at a concentration of 10(10) CFU mL(-1). After a ...

https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/horizontal-transfer-of-tetm-and-ermb-resistance-plasmids-from-foo

The vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis alkyl hydroperoxide reductase complex (AhpR) with its subunits AhpC (EfAhpC) and ... Effect of the additional cysteine 503 of vancomycin resistant enterococcus faecalis V583 alkylhydroperoxide reductase subunit F ... Effect of the additional cysteine 503 of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (V583) alkylhydroperoxide reductase subunit ... Effect of the additional cysteine 503 of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (V583) alkylhydroperoxide reductase subunit ...

https://dr.ntu.edu.sg/handle/10356/144527

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.. ...

https://bulksale.jeevaorganic.com/product-tag/enterococcus-faecalis-powder/

... enterococcus faecalis, enterococcus faecalis icd 10, enterococcus faecalis uti, enterococcus faecium, enterococcus gallinarum, ... enterococci bacteria, enterococci bacteria in water, enterococci gram stain, enterococci infection, enterococci pronunciation, ... Extensive Comparative Genomic Analysis of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium Reveals a Direct Association between ... Extensive Comparative Genomic Analysis of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium Reveals a Direct Association between ...

https://www.bross-medical.com/tag/enterococcus-faecalis/

Enterococcus faecalis. OVERVIEW: Enterococcus faecalis - formerly classified as part of the group D Streptococcus system - is a ... Enterococcus faecalis. RANK: Species TAXONOMY: Terrabacteria group -> Firmicutes -> Bacilli -> Lactobacillales -> ... Like other species in the genus Enterococcus, E. faecalis can cause life-threatening infections in humans, especially in the ... Root canal-treated teeth are about nine times more likely to harbor E. faecalis than cases of primary infections. E. faecalis ...

https://www.datapunk.net/opus23/utopia/services/u_taxon_profiler.pl?1351+

Treatment of ,i,Enterococcus faecalis,/i, Infective Endocarditis: A Continuing Challenge. Treatment of Enterococcus faecalis ... Today, Enterococcus faecalis is one of the main causes of infective endocarditis in the world, generally affecting an elderly ... Enterococci are partially resistant to many commonly used antimicrobial agents such as penicillin and ampicillin, as well as ... The development of multi-drug resistant strains of Enterococcus faecium is a matter of considerable concern due to its probable ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/brasil/resource/pt/mdl-37107066

SO, Marcus Vinícius Reis et al. Antimicrobial in vitro activity of a propolis suspension against Enterococcus faecalis. RFO UPF ... propolis suspension against Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212). Methods: The agar diffusion test and the disc method were used ... in propylene glycol did not present antimicrobial activity in vitro against Enterococcus faecalis. ...

http://revodonto.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1413-40122011000300008&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=en

Enterococcus faecalis,/i, - Wiley Online Library brezplačno prenesete PDF.. ... i,Enterococcus faecalis,/i, - Wiley Online Library prenos preberite na spletu brezplačno, ,i, ... i,Enterococcus faecalis,/i, - Wiley Online Library - Sorodni dokumenti. ,i,Enterococcus faecalis,/i, - Wiley Online Library. ... The occurrence and antibiotic resistance of enterococci, especially Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium, in milk, ...

https://a1.sipdf.info/dokumenti/5d5a4ed/-lt-i-gt-enterococcus-faecalis-lt-/i-gt-wiley-online-library

Dive into the research topics of Synthesis of Peptidoglycan Fragments from Enterococcus faecalis with Fmoc-Strategy for Glycan ... Synthesis of Peptidoglycan Fragments from Enterococcus faecalis with Fmoc-Strategy for Glycan Elongation. ...

https://keio.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/synthesis-of-peptidoglycan-fragments-from-enterococcus-faecalis-w/fingerprints/

Known pathogens cause an estimated 9.4 million foodborne illnesses annually in the United States (1). CDC collects data on foodborne disease outbreaks submitted by all states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico through CDCs Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System. Data reported for each outbreak include the number of illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths; the etiologic agent; the implicated food vehicle; and other factors involved in food preparation and consumption. During 2009-2010, a total of 1,527 foodborne disease outbreaks (675 in 2009 and 852 in 2010) were reported, resulting in 29,444 cases of illness, 1,184 hospitalizations, and 23 deaths. Among the 790 outbreaks with a single laboratory-confirmed etiologic agent, norovirus was the most commonly reported, accounting for 42% of outbreaks. Salmonella was second, accounting for 30% of outbreaks. Among the 299 outbreaks attributed to a food composed of ingredients from one of 17 predefined, mutually exclusive food ...

https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6203a1.htm

BILATERAL ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS ENDOPHTHALMITIS WITH MULTIPLE RECURRENCES. Aderman, Christopher M.; Chao, Daniel L.; Obeid, ... Enterococcus faecalis is a rare but highly virulent cause of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery. Here, we present the first ... reported case of bilateral recurrent E. faecalis endophthalmitis in a patient who underwent secondary intraocular lens ...

https://journals.lww.com/retinalcases/toc/2021/01510

Enterococcus faecalis (clindamycin-intermediate-susceptible) antimicrobial susceptibility data. ... Home › Search by Microorganism › Enterococcus faecalis (clindamycin-intermediate-susceptible) *Enterococcus faecalis ( ... Enterococcus faecalis (clindamycin-intermediate-susceptible). ≤0.12. ≤0.12. ? － ?. Telithromycin (HMR 3647, RU-66647, Ketek). ... Enterococcus faecalis (1 + L2). *Enterococcus faecalis (10706 + aminoside-resistant). *Enterococcus faecalis (1104 + aminoside- ...

https://antibiotics.toku-e.com/microorganism_detail_9514.html

... profile, educations, ... Increasing multidrug resistance in Enterococcus faecalis, a nosocomial opportunist and common cause of bacterial endocarditis, ... In an earlier study, we demonstrated the presence of antibodies in E. faecalis endocarditis patient sera to recombinant forms ... faecalis produces pleomorphic surface pili. Assembly of pili and their cell wall attachment appeared to occur via a mechanism ...

https://vivo.library.tamu.edu/vivo/display/n332575SE

A case of a severely immunosuppressed HIV-infected man with meningitis caused by Enterococcus faecalis is presented. E faecalis ... "A case of a severely immunosuppressed HIV-infected man with meningitis caused by Enterococcus faecalis is presented. E faecalis ... A case of a severely immunosuppressed HIV-infected man with meningitis caused by Enterococcus faecalis is presented. E faecalis ... A case of a severely immunosuppressed HIV-infected man with meningitis caused by Enterococcus faecalis is presented. E faecalis ...

https://einstein.elsevierpure.com/en/publications/enterococcus-faecalis-an-unusual-cause-of-meningitis-in-hiv-infec-2

Enterococcus faecalis Staphylococcus epidermidis Staphylococcus saprophyticus Streptococcus pneumoniae Streptococcus pyogenes ...

https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=01b30abb-db63-4257-9fe2-9107bb0bd69c&type=display

Enterococcus (E faecalis, E faecium): These organisms are group D streptococci that are well-known normal gut florae that can ... The emergence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) is indicative of the importance of appropriate antibiotic use. ...

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/300157-overview

... faecalis JH2-2 and Enterococcus faecium 64/3. RESULTS: E. faecalis isolates harboured one or multiple plasmids carrying vanA, ... faecalis JH2-2 and Enterococcus faecium 64/3. RESULTS: E. faecalis isolates harboured one or multiple plasmids carrying vanA, ... Co-transfer of vanA and aggregation substance genes from Enterococcus faecalis isolates in intra- and interspecies matings. ... OBJECTIVES: The study was undertaken to investigate vancomycin-resistant (vanA) Enterococcus faecalis isolates carrying ...

https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/35398

... against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Methods: E. faecalis strain ATCC ... against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Methods: E. faecalis strain ATCC ... against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Methods: E. faecalis strain ATCC ... against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Methods: E. faecalis strain ATCC ...

https://scholar.ui.ac.id/en/publications/antibacterial-efficacy-of-6-green-tea-extract-and-2-chlorhexidine

Comparative evaluation of penicillin, ampicillin, and imipenem MICs and susceptibility breakpoints for vancomycin-susceptible and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. (nih.gov)
The development of multi- drug resistant strains of Enterococcus faecium is a matter of considerable concern due to its probable spread to E. faecalis and have necessitated the search of new guidelines with the combination of daptomycin , fosfomycin or tigecycline . (bvsalud.org)
METHODS: Six vanA clumping-positive E. faecalis isolates (five human and one food sample) carrying one or more AS genes (prgB, asa1, asa373) were analysed for co-transfer of vanA and AS genes to E. faecalis JH2-2 and Enterococcus faecium 64/3. (univpm.it)

Objective: the objective of this study is to evaluate in vitro the antimicrobial activity of 5% and 10% propolis suspension against Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212). (bvsalud.org)
Methods: E. faecalis strain ATCC 29212 colonies were collected from overnight cultures grown on brain-heart infusion agar (BHIA) and resuspended at 108 CFU/ml according to a 0.5 McFarland standard. (ui.ac.id)
AIMS: The tyraminogenic potential of the strains Enterococcus faecalis EF37 and ATCC 29212 was investigated in a synthetic medium containing defined amounts of tyrosine and phenylalanine at different temperatures. (univr.it)
Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) e Candida albicans (ATCC antimicrobiana sobre os microrganismos estudados. (bvs.br)

This solution is normally used for industrial sterilization and water purification treatments [ 11 ] and there is a unique study in the literature evaluating the antimicrobial potential of this solution against E. faecalis in root canals [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Enterococci are partially resistant to many commonly used antimicrobial agents such as penicillin and ampicillin , as well as high-level resistance to most cephalosporins and sometimes carbapenems , because of low-affinity penicillin-binding proteins , that lead to an unacceptable number of therapeutic failures with monotherapy. (bvsalud.org)
Conclusion: The propolis extract suspension at 5% and 10% in propylene glycol did not present antimicrobial activity in vitro against Enterococcus faecalis. (bvsalud.org)
To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the occurrence, concentration, and antimicrobial resistance patterns of VRE and vancomycin-susceptible enterococci at three U.S. spray irrigation sites that use reclaimed water. (cdc.gov)
however, resistance to other antimicrobial classes is more prevalent, particularly among non-E. faecalis isolates. (cdc.gov)

While 77.0% and 69.9% correctly identified Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Citrobacter freundii respectively, only 29.8% correctly identified Acinetobacter baumanii, 25.3% identified Enterococcus faecalis and 35.6% identified Enterobacter agglomerans. (who.int)
Alors que 77,0 % et 69,9 % des laboratoires ont identifié correctement Staphylococcus saprophyticus et Citrobacter freundii respectivement, seuls 29,8 % ont identifié correctement Acinetobacter baumanii, 25,3 % ont identifié Enterococcus faecalis et 35,6 % ont identifié Enterobacter agglomerans. (who.int)

To our knowledge, this is the first study showing in vivo transfer of wild-type antibiotic resistance plasmids from L. plantarum to E. faecalis. (dtu.dk)
Like other species in the genus Enterococcus, E. faecalis can cause life-threatening infections in humans, especially in the nosocomial (hospital) environment, where the naturally high levels of antibiotic resistance found in E. faecalis contribute to its pathogenicity. (datapunk.net)

No epidemiologic relations were established among the VanA isolates, and only 2 out of 18 isolates (11%) were identified as E. faecalis ( 3 ) . (cdc.gov)
The susceptibility of 191 isolates of enterococci to vancomycin was tested by agar dilution method according to NCCLS recommendations. (cdc.gov)
OBJECTIVES: The study was undertaken to investigate vancomycin-resistant (vanA) Enterococcus faecalis isolates carrying aggregation substance (AS) gene(s) for their ability to co-transfer vanA and AS genes. (univpm.it)
RESULTS: E. faecalis isolates harboured one or multiple plasmids carrying vanA, one or more AS gene(s) or both. (univpm.it)
CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that co-transfer of vanA and AS genes may be a common feature of E. faecalis isolates. (univpm.it)

E. faecalis vancomycin-sensitive enterococcal bacteremia unresponsive to a vancomycin tolerant strain successfully treated with high-dose daptomycin. (nih.gov)
Bacteremia caused by vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis. (nih.gov)
First isolated in France ( 1 ) , vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) have become pathogens of major importance, particularly in the United States ( 2 ) . (cdc.gov)
We report the first isolation of high-level vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis in Serbia. (cdc.gov)
The vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis alkyl hydroperoxide reductase complex (AhpR) with its subunits AhpC (EfAhpC) and AhpF (EfAhpF) is of paramount importance to restore redox homeostasis. (ntu.edu.sg)
Occurrence of vancomycin-resistant and -susceptible Enterococcus spp. (cdc.gov)
In particular, no previous studies have evaluated the occurrence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in reclaimed water used at spray irrigation sites in the United States. (cdc.gov)
Since 1989, a rapid increase in the incidence of infection and colonization with vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) has been reported by U.S. hospitals. (cdc.gov)
From 1989 through 1993, the percentage of nosocomial enterococcal infections reported to CDC's National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) system that were caused by vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) increased from 0.3% to 7.9% (1). (cdc.gov)
Vancomycin resistance in enterococci has coincided with the increasing incidence of high-level enterococcal resistance to penicillin and aminoglycosides, thus presenting a challenge for physicians who treat patients who have infections caused by these microorganisms (1,4). (cdc.gov)

Desta forma, recai sobre o material obturador, na, sobre o Enterococcus faecalis e a Candida albicans . (bvs.br)

Enterococcus faecalis - formerly classified as part of the group D Streptococcus system - is a Gram-positive, commensal bacterium inhabiting the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and other mammals. (datapunk.net)

abstract = "A case of a severely immunosuppressed HIV-infected man with meningitis caused by Enterococcus faecalis is presented. (elsevierpure.com)

The purpose of this study was to compare the in vitro efficacy of calcium hypochlorite (Ca[OCl] 2 ) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) associated with sonic (Vibringe) irrigation system in root canals which were contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis . (hindawi.com)

a commonly susceptible strain of Enterococcus sp. (cdc.gov)
Here, using mutation analyses and complementation, we demonstrated that both the ebp (encoding endocarditis and biofilm-associated pili) operon and srtC are important for biofilm production of E. faecalis strain OG1RF. (tamu.edu)

Enterococcus faecalis is one of these microorganisms and has the ability to penetrate as far as 250 μ m into the dentinal tubules, which provides showing resistance to irrigation solutions usually used during the instrumentation of root canals [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
However, recent reports of outbreaks and endemic infections caused by enterococci, including VRE, have indicated that patient-to-patient transmission of the microorganisms can occur either through direct contact or through indirect contact via a) the hands of personnel or b) contaminated patient-care equipment or environmental surfaces. (cdc.gov)

Antidepressant effects of Enterococcus faecalis 2001 through the regulation of prefrontal cortical myelination via the enhancement of CREB/BDNF and NF-κB p65/LIF/STAT3 pathways in olfactory bulbectomized mice. (physiciansweekly.com)
In our previous study, we demonstrated that Enterococcus faecalis 2001 (EF-2001) prevents colitis-induced depressive-like behavior through the gut-brain axis in mice. (physiciansweekly.com)

Treatment of Enterococcus faecalis Infective Endocarditis: A Continuing Challenge. (bvsalud.org)
Today, Enterococcus faecalis is one of the main causes of infective endocarditis in the world, generally affecting an elderly and fragile population , with a high mortality rate. (bvsalud.org)
Endocarditis and biofilm-associated pili of Enterococcus faecalis. (tamu.edu)
Increasing multidrug resistance in Enterococcus faecalis, a nosocomial opportunist and common cause of bacterial endocarditis, emphasizes the need for alternative therapeutic approaches such as immunotherapy or immunoprophylaxis. (tamu.edu)
These biologically important surface pili, which are antigenic in humans during endocarditis and encoded by a ubiquitous E. faecalis operon, may be a useful immunotarget for studies aimed at prevention and/or treatment of this pathogen. (tamu.edu)
Pilin and Sortase Residues Critical for Endocarditis- and Biofilm-Associated Pilus Biogenesis in Enterococcus faecalis. (wustl.edu)

METHODS AND RESULTS: Enterococci growth and the production of biogenic amines (BA) were evaluated in relation to their pre-growth in medium containing tyrosine. (univr.it)

The enterococci are among the most frequent causes of nosocomial infections, particularly in intensive care units, and present a major therapeutic challenge ( 2 ) . (cdc.gov)

Objective: This study aimed to compare the antibacterial efficacy of green tea extract to chlorhexidine 2% against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). (ui.ac.id)
Conclusion: Green tea extract may help reduce oral E. faecalis biofilm. (ui.ac.id)

Enterococci survive very harsh environments including extremely alkaline pH (9.6) and salt concentrations. (datapunk.net)
however, subsequent storage in an open-air pond at this site resulted in increased concentrations of enterococci. (cdc.gov)

In addition, immunogold electron microscopy using antisera against EbpA-EbpC proteins as well as patient serum demonstrated that E. faecalis produces pleomorphic surface pili. (tamu.edu)

Traditional culture and serological testing produced negative results, while the mNGS assay revealed the presence of a potential pathogen, Enterococcus faecalis , in the urine specimen, which was further confirmed by both Sanger sequencing and qPCR analysis. (biomedcentral.com)

WO9850555A2 ] The present invention provides polynucleotide sequences of the genome of Enterococcus faecalis, polypeptide sequences encoded by the polynucleotide sequences, corresponding polynucleotides and polypeptides, vectors and hosts comprising the polynucleotides, and assays and other uses thereof. (epo.org)

Enterococcus faecalis was the most common species identified. (cdc.gov)

Both conventional syringe irrigation and sonic irrigation were found effective at removing E. faecalis from the root canal of extracted human teeth. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of sonic and syringe irrigation of NaOCl and Ca(OCl) 2 on Enterococcus faecalis in extracted human teeth. (hindawi.com)

The root canals of 84 single-rooted premolars were enlarged up to a file 40, autoclaved, inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis , and incubated for 21 days. (hindawi.com)
E. faecalis has been frequently found in root canal-treated teeth in prevalence values ranging from 30% to 90% of the cases. (datapunk.net)
Root canal-treated teeth are about nine times more likely to harbor E. faecalis than cases of primary infections. (datapunk.net)

PDB-2f02: Crystal Structure of LacC from Enterococcus Faecalis in complex w. (pdbj.org)

In this study, we have fractionated the membrane proteome of E. faecalis and identified many of its constituents by mass spectrometry. (nih.gov)
This study is a first step toward elucidating the membrane proteome of E. faecalis, which is critical for a better understanding of how this bacterium interacts with a host and with the extracellular milieu. (nih.gov)
Samples were analyzed for total enterococci and VRE using standard membrane filtration. (cdc.gov)

Because enterococci can be found in the normal gastrointestinal and female genital tracts, most enterococcal infections have been attributed to endogenous sources within the individual patient. (cdc.gov)

SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study gives deeper insight into the metabolic regulation of tyrDC activity of enterococci. (univr.it)

Enterococcus faecalis is a gram-positive bacterium that is part of the indigenous microbiotica of humans and animals as well as an opportunistic pathogen. (nih.gov)

Here, using mutagenesis and enzymatic studies, we reveal the effect of an additional third cysteine (C503) in EfAhpF, which might optimize the functional adaptation of the E. faecalis enzyme under various physiological conditions. (ntu.edu.sg)

E faecalis is a distinctly unusual cause of bacterial meningitis in patients with HIV infection and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of purulent meningitis in such patients to ensure optimal empiric treatment. (elsevierpure.com)

Anatomy3

Organisms16

Diseases10

Chemicals and Drugs45

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment10

Phenomena and Processes26

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Information Science3

Effects of dispersed recreational activities on the microbiological quality of forest surface water. (1/2300)

Isolation and chemical characterization of a capsular polysaccharide antigen shared by clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. (2/2300)

A new hydrolase specific for taurine-conjugates of bile acids. (3/2300)

Two-step acquisition of resistance to the teicoplanin-gentamicin combination by VanB-type Enterococcus faecalis in vitro and in experimental endocarditis. (4/2300)

Efficacy of ampicillin plus ceftriaxone in treatment of experimental endocarditis due to Enterococcus faecalis strains highly resistant to aminoglycosides. (5/2300)

The osmoprotectant glycine betaine inhibits salt-induced cross-tolerance towards lethal treatment in Enterococcus faecalis. (6/2300)

Microbiological and inflammatory effects of murine recombinant interleukin-10 in two models of polymicrobial peritonitis in rats. (7/2300)

Isolation of Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates that efficiently adhere to human bladder carcinoma T24 cells and inhibition of adhesion by fibronectin and trypsin treatment. (8/2300)

Enterococcus faecalis

Enterococcus

Enterococcus faecium

Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections

Vancomycin Resistance

Anti-Bacterial Agents

Vancomycin

Carbon-Oxygen Ligases

Bacterial Proteins

Microbial Sensitivity Tests

Conjugation, Genetic

Gram-Positive Bacteria

Gentamicins

Drug Resistance, Microbial

Bacteriocins

Pheromones

DNA, Bacterial

Endocarditis, Bacterial

Teicoplanin

Plasmids

Oxazolidinones

Acetamides

Drug Resistance, Bacterial

Genes, Bacterial

Biofilms

Molecular Sequence Data

Alcaligenes faecalis

Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial

Gram-Positive Cocci

Root Canal Irrigants

Streptococcus

Daptomycin

Dental Pulp Cavity

Ampicillin Resistance

Sex Attractants

DNA Transposable Elements

Gelatinases

Gram-Negative Bacteria

Anti-Infective Agents

Glycopeptides

Bacteria

Bacterial Adhesion

Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field

Virginiamycin

Colony Count, Microbial

Sodium Hypochlorite

Sequence Analysis, DNA

Ampicillin

Staphylococcus aureus

Tetracycline Resistance

Amino Acid Sequence

Dental Pulp Diseases

Virulence Factors

Pulpitis

Bacterial Typing Techniques

Virulence

Base Sequence

Aminoglycosides

Cheese

Cross Infection

Microbial Viability

Calcium Hydroxide

Chlorhexidine

Culture Media

Periapical Periodontitis

Peptidoglycan

Streptogramin A

Operon

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Anti-Infective Agents, Local

Feces

Gene Transfer, Horizontal

Streptococcaceae

Lactococcus

Bacteremia

Bacterial Load

Fluoroquinolones

Serine-Type D-Ala-D-Ala Carboxypeptidase

Mutagenesis, Insertional

Acetoin