Endometrium. Medical search

The mucous membrane lining of the uterine cavity that is hormonally responsive during the MENSTRUAL CYCLE and PREGNANCY. The endometrium undergoes cyclic changes that characterize MENSTRUATION. After successful FERTILIZATION, it serves to sustain the developing embryo.

The period from onset of one menstrual bleeding (MENSTRUATION) to the next in an ovulating woman or female primate. The menstrual cycle is regulated by endocrine interactions of the HYPOTHALAMUS; the PITUITARY GLAND; the ovaries; and the genital tract. The menstrual cycle is divided by OVULATION into two phases. Based on the endocrine status of the OVARY, there is a FOLLICULAR PHASE and a LUTEAL PHASE. Based on the response in the ENDOMETRIUM, the menstrual cycle is divided into a proliferative and a secretory phase.

A condition in which functional endometrial tissue is present outside the UTERUS. It is often confined to the PELVIS involving the OVARY, the ligaments, cul-de-sac, and the uterovesical peritoneum.

Endometrial implantation of EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN at the BLASTOCYST stage.

Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their classification and grading are based on the various cell types and the percent of undifferentiated cells.

Benign proliferation of the ENDOMETRIUM in the UTERUS. Endometrial hyperplasia is classified by its cytology and glandular tissue. There are simple, complex (adenomatous without atypia), and atypical hyperplasia representing also the ascending risk of becoming malignant.

The hollow thick-walled muscular organ in the female PELVIS. It consists of the fundus (the body) which is the site of EMBRYO IMPLANTATION and FETAL DEVELOPMENT. Beyond the isthmus at the perineal end of fundus, is CERVIX UTERI (the neck) opening into VAGINA. Beyond the isthmi at the upper abdominal end of fundus, are the FALLOPIAN TUBES.

The hormone-responsive glandular layer of ENDOMETRIUM that sloughs off at each menstrual flow (decidua menstrualis) or at the termination of pregnancy. During pregnancy, the thickest part of the decidua forms the maternal portion of the PLACENTA, thus named decidua placentalis. The thin portion of the decidua covering the rest of the embryo is the decidua capsularis.

The periodic shedding of the ENDOMETRIUM and associated menstrual bleeding in the MENSTRUAL CYCLE of humans and primates. Menstruation is due to the decline in circulating PROGESTERONE, and occurs at the late LUTEAL PHASE when LUTEOLYSIS of the CORPUS LUTEUM takes place.

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

Pathological processes involving any part of the UTERUS.

The major progestational steroid that is secreted primarily by the CORPUS LUTEUM and the PLACENTA. Progesterone acts on the UTERUS, the MAMMARY GLANDS and the BRAIN. It is required in EMBRYO IMPLANTATION; PREGNANCY maintenance, and the development of mammary tissue for MILK production. Progesterone, converted from PREGNENOLONE, also serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS.

The process of bearing developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero in non-human mammals, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

The period in the MENSTRUAL CYCLE that follows OVULATION, characterized by the development of CORPUS LUTEUM, increase in PROGESTERONE production by the OVARY and secretion by the glandular epithelium of the ENDOMETRIUM. The luteal phase begins with ovulation and ends with the onset of MENSTRUATION.

Proteins produced by organs of the mother or the PLACENTA during PREGNANCY. These proteins may be pregnancy-specific (present only during pregnancy) or pregnancy-associated (present during pregnancy or under other conditions such as hormone therapy or certain malignancies.)

Connective tissue cells of an organ found in the loose connective tissue. These are most often associated with the uterine mucosa and the ovary as well as the hematopoietic system and elsewhere.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

The period of cyclic physiological and behavior changes in non-primate female mammals that exhibit ESTRUS. The estrous cycle generally consists of 4 or 5 distinct periods corresponding to the endocrine status (PROESTRUS; ESTRUS; METESTRUS; DIESTRUS; and ANESTRUS).

Inflammation of the ENDOMETRIUM, usually caused by intrauterine infections. Endometritis is the most common cause of postpartum fever.

Bleeding from blood vessels in the UTERUS, sometimes manifested as vaginal bleeding.

The 17-beta-isomer of estradiol, an aromatized C18 steroid with hydroxyl group at 3-beta- and 17-beta-position. Estradiol-17-beta is the most potent form of mammalian estrogenic steroids.

Excessive uterine bleeding during MENSTRUATION.

A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE and about twice as potent as its racemic or (+-)-isomer (NORGESTREL). It is used for contraception, control of menstrual disorders, and treatment of endometriosis.

The smooth muscle coat of the uterus, which forms the main mass of the organ.

Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS.

Diminished or absent ability of a female to achieve conception.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Abnormal uterine bleeding that is not related to MENSTRUATION, usually in females without regular MENSTRUAL CYCLE. The irregular and unpredictable bleeding usually comes from a dysfunctional ENDOMETRIUM.

An acyclic state that resembles PREGNANCY in that there is no ovarian cycle, ESTROUS CYCLE, or MENSTRUAL CYCLE. Unlike pregnancy, there is no EMBRYO IMPLANTATION. Pseudopregnancy can be experimentally induced to form DECIDUOMA in the UTERUS.

Chemical substances or agents with contraceptive activity in females. Use for female contraceptive agents in general or for which there is no specific heading.

Specific proteins found in or on cells of progesterone target tissues that specifically combine with progesterone. The cytosol progesterone-receptor complex then associates with the nucleic acids to initiate protein synthesis. There are two kinds of progesterone receptors, A and B. Both are induced by estrogen and have short half-lives.

The period in the ESTROUS CYCLE associated with maximum sexual receptivity and fertility in non-primate female mammals.

Intrauterine devices that release contraceptive agents.

Pathological processes of the OVARY.

Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the interior of the uterus.

Discrete abnormal tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the DIGESTIVE TRACT or the RESPIRATORY TRACT. Polyps can be spheroidal, hemispheroidal, or irregular mound-shaped structures attached to the MUCOUS MEMBRANE of the lumen wall either by a stalk, pedunculus, or by a broad base.

An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of cells resembling the glandular cells of the ENDOMETRIUM. It is a common histological type of ovarian CARCINOMA and ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMA. There is a high frequency of co-occurrence of this form of adenocarcinoma in both tissues.

A species of macaque monkey that mainly inhabits the forest of southern India. They are also called bonnet macaques or bonnet monkeys.

A pair of highly specialized muscular canals extending from the UTERUS to its corresponding OVARY. They provide the means for OVUM collection, and the site for the final maturation of gametes and FERTILIZATION. The fallopian tube consists of an interstitium, an isthmus, an ampulla, an infundibulum, and fimbriae. Its wall consists of three histologic layers: serous, muscular, and an internal mucosal layer lined with both ciliated and secretory cells.

A synthetic progestin that is derived from 17-hydroxyprogesterone. It is a long-acting contraceptive that is effective both orally or by intramuscular injection and has also been used to treat breast and endometrial neoplasms.

A progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary CUSHING SYNDROME.

The surgical removal of one or both ovaries.

The period of the MENSTRUAL CYCLE representing follicular growth, increase in ovarian estrogen (ESTROGENS) production, and epithelial proliferation of the ENDOMETRIUM. Follicular phase begins with the onset of MENSTRUATION and ends with OVULATION.

Pathological processes involving the PERITONEUM.

The development of the PLACENTA, a highly vascularized mammalian fetal-maternal organ and major site of transport of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products between mother and FETUS. The process begins at FERTILIZATION, through the development of CYTOTROPHOBLASTS and SYNCYTIOTROPHOBLASTS, the formation of CHORIONIC VILLI, to the progressive increase in BLOOD VESSELS to support the growing fetus.

A naturally occurring prostaglandin that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile properties, the compound has a variety of other biological actions.

Steroids containing the fundamental tetracyclic unit with no methyl groups at C-10 and C-13 and with no side chain at C-17. The concept includes both saturated and unsaturated derivatives.

Compounds that interact with PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of PROGESTERONE. Primary actions of progestins, including natural and synthetic steroids, are on the UTERUS and the MAMMARY GLAND in preparation for and in maintenance of PREGNANCY.

Compounds that interact with ESTROGEN RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of ESTRADIOL. Estrogens stimulate the female reproductive organs, and the development of secondary female SEX CHARACTERISTICS. Estrogenic chemicals include natural, synthetic, steroidal, or non-steroidal compounds.

One or more layers of EPITHELIAL CELLS, supported by the basal lamina, which covers the inner or outer surfaces of the body.

Cells lining the outside of the BLASTOCYST. After binding to the ENDOMETRIUM, trophoblasts develop into two distinct layers, an inner layer of mononuclear cytotrophoblasts and an outer layer of continuous multinuclear cytoplasm, the syncytiotrophoblasts, which form the early fetal-maternal interface (PLACENTA).

Cell surface proteins that bind oxytocin with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behavior of cells. Oxytocin receptors in the uterus and the mammary glands mediate the hormone's stimulation of contraction and milk ejection. The presence of oxytocin and oxytocin receptors in neurons of the brain probably reflects an additional role as a neurotransmitter.

Steroidal compounds related to PROGESTERONE, the major mammalian progestational hormone. Progesterone congeners include important progesterone precursors in the biosynthetic pathways, metabolites, derivatives, and synthetic steroids with progestational activities.

Chemical substances which inhibit the function of the endocrine glands, the biosynthesis of their secreted hormones, or the action of hormones upon their specific sites.

Chemical compounds causing LUTEOLYSIS or degeneration.

Any of the ruminant mammals with curved horns in the genus Ovis, family Bovidae. They possess lachrymal grooves and interdigital glands, which are absent in GOATS.

A genus of the subfamily CERCOPITHECINAE, family CERCOPITHECIDAE, consisting of five named species: PAPIO URSINUS (chacma baboon), PAPIO CYNOCEPHALUS (yellow baboon), PAPIO PAPIO (western baboon), PAPIO ANUBIS (or olive baboon), and PAPIO HAMADRYAS (hamadryas baboon). Members of the Papio genus inhabit open woodland, savannahs, grassland, and rocky hill country. Some authors consider MANDRILLUS a subgenus of Papio.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

A technique that localizes specific nucleic acid sequences within intact chromosomes, eukaryotic cells, or bacterial cells through the use of specific nucleic acid-labeled probes.

Dilatation of the cervix uteri followed by a scraping of the endometrium with a curette.

A mass of histologically normal tissue present in an abnormal location.

A species of baboon in the family CERCOPITHECIDAE with a somewhat different social structure than PAPIO HAMADRYAS. They inhabit several areas in Africa south of the Sahara.

A highly vascularized mammalian fetal-maternal organ and major site of transport of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products. It includes a fetal portion (CHORIONIC VILLI) derived from TROPHOBLASTS and a maternal portion (DECIDUA) derived from the uterine ENDOMETRIUM. The placenta produces an array of steroid, protein and peptide hormones (PLACENTAL HORMONES).

A nonapeptide hormone released from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). It differs from VASOPRESSIN by two amino acids at residues 3 and 8. Oxytocin acts on SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, such as causing UTERINE CONTRACTIONS and MILK EJECTION.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.

One of the six homologous proteins that specifically bind insulin-like growth factors (SOMATOMEDINS) and modulate their mitogenic and metabolic actions. The function of this protein is not completely defined. However, several studies demonstrate that it inhibits IGF binding to cell surface receptors and thereby inhibits IGF-mediated mitogenic and cell metabolic actions. (Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1993;204(1):4-29)

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

The extension of endometrial tissue (ENDOMETRIUM) into the MYOMETRIUM. It usually occurs in women in their reproductive years and may result in a diffusely enlarged uterus with ectopic and benign endometrial glands and stroma.

Physiological mechanisms that sustain the state of PREGNANCY.

A benign tumor derived from smooth muscle tissue, also known as a fibroid tumor. They rarely occur outside of the UTERUS and the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT but can occur in the SKIN and SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE, probably arising from the smooth muscle of small blood vessels in these tissues.

Cytoplasmic proteins that bind estrogens and migrate to the nucleus where they regulate DNA transcription. Evaluation of the state of estrogen receptors in breast cancer patients has become clinically important.

(6 alpha)-17-Hydroxy-6-methylpregn-4-ene-3,20-dione. A synthetic progestational hormone used in veterinary practice as an estrus regulator.

A synthetic steroid with antigonadotropic and anti-estrogenic activities that acts as an anterior pituitary suppressant by inhibiting the pituitary output of gonadotropins. It possesses some androgenic properties. Danazol has been used in the treatment of endometriosis and some benign breast disorders.

A post-MORULA preimplantation mammalian embryo that develops from a 32-cell stage into a fluid-filled hollow ball of over a hundred cells. A blastocyst has two distinctive tissues. The outer layer of trophoblasts gives rise to extra-embryonic tissues. The inner cell mass gives rise to the embryonic disc and eventual embryo proper.

Excision of the uterus.

Three or more consecutive spontaneous abortions.

The physiological period following the MENOPAUSE, the permanent cessation of the menstrual life.

Variations of menstruation which may be indicative of disease.

Removal and pathologic examination of specimens in the form of small pieces of tissue from the living body.

An INTERLEUKIN-6 related cytokine that exhibits pleiotrophic effects on many physiological systems that involve cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Leukemia inhibitory factor binds to and acts through the lif receptor.

Interferon secreted by leukocytes, fibroblasts, or lymphoblasts in response to viruses or interferon inducers other than mitogens, antigens, or allo-antigens. They include alpha- and beta-interferons (INTERFERON-ALPHA and INTERFERON-BETA).

The female reproductive organs. The external organs include the VULVA; BARTHOLIN'S GLANDS; and CLITORIS. The internal organs include the VAGINA; UTERUS; OVARY; and FALLOPIAN TUBES.

Methods of maintaining or growing biological materials in controlled laboratory conditions. These include the cultures of CELLS; TISSUES; organs; or embryo in vitro. Both animal and plant tissues may be cultured by a variety of methods. Cultures may derive from normal or abnormal tissues, and consist of a single cell type or mixed cell types.

The reproductive organ (GONADS) in female animals. In vertebrates, the ovary contains two functional parts: the OVARIAN FOLLICLE for the production of female germ cells (OOGENESIS); and the endocrine cells (GRANULOSA CELLS; THECA CELLS; and LUTEAL CELLS) for the production of ESTROGENS and PROGESTERONE.

The genital canal in the female, extending from the UTERUS to the VULVA. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Production of prostaglandin f2alpha and its metabolite by endometrium and yolk sac placenta in late gestation in the tammar wallaby, Macropus Eugenii. (1/3697)

In this study, we investigated production of prostaglandin (PG) F2alpha and its metabolite, PGFM, by uterine tissues from tammar wallabies in late pregnancy. Endometrial explants were prepared from gravid and nongravid uteri of tammars between Day 18 of gestation (primitive streak) and Day 26.5 (term) and were incubated in Ham's F-10 medium supplemented with glutamine and antibiotics for 20 h. PGF2alpha and PGFM in the medium were assayed by specific, validated RIAs. Control tissues (leg muscle) did not produce detectable amounts of either PG. Both gravid and nongravid endometria secreted PGF2alpha, and production increased significantly in both gravid and nongravid uteri towards term. PGFM was produced in small amounts by both gravid and nongravid uteri, and the rate of production did not increase. Neither oxytocin nor dexamethasone stimulated PG production in vitro in any tissue at any stage. Thus, the surge in peripheral plasma PGFM levels seen at parturition may arise from increased uterine PG production, but further study is needed to define what triggers this release. (+info)

Expression of trophinin, tastin, and bystin by trophoblast and endometrial cells in human placenta. (2/3697)

Trophinin, tastin, and bystin comprise a complex mediating a unique homophilic cell adhesion between trophoblast and endometrial epithelial cells at their respective apical cell surfaces. In this study, we prepared mouse monoclonal antibodies specific to each of these molecules. The expression of these molecules in the human placenta was examined immunohistochemically using the antibodies. In placenta from the 6th week of pregnancy, trophinin and bystin were found in the cytoplasm of the syncytiotrophoblast in the chorionic villi, and in endometrial decidual cells at the utero placental interface. Tastin was exclusively present on the apical side of the syncytiotrophoblast. Tissue sections were also examined by in situ hybridization using RNA probes specific to each of these molecules. This analysis showed that trophoblast and endometrial epithelial cells at the utero placental interface express trophinin, tastin, and bystin. In wk 10 placenta, trophinin and bystin were found in the intravillous cytotrophoblast, while tastin was not found in the villi. After wk 10, levels of all three proteins decreased and then disappeared from placental villi. (+info)

Down-regulation of oxytocin-induced cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin F synthase expression by interferon-tau in bovine endometrial cells. (3/3697)

Oxytocin (OT) is responsible for the episodic release of luteolytic prostaglandin (PG) F2alpha from the uterus in ruminants. The attenuation of OT-stimulated uterine PGF2alpha secretion by interferon-tau (IFN-tau) is essential for prevention of luteolysis during pregnancy in cows. To better understand the mechanisms involved, the effect of recombinant bovine IFN-tau (rbIFN-tau) on OT-induced PG production and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and PGF synthase (PGFS) expression in cultured endometrial epithelial cells was investigated. Cells were obtained from cows at Days 1-3 of the estrous cycle and cultured to confluence in RPMI medium supplemented with 5% steroid-free fetal calf serum. The cells were then incubated in the presence or absence of either 100 ng/ml OT or OT+100 ng/ml rbIFN-tau for 3, 6, 12, and 24 h. OT significantly increased PGF2alpha and PGE2 secretion at all time points (p < 0.01), while rbIFN-tau inhibited the OT-induced PG production and reduced OT receptor binding in a time-dependent manner. OT increased the steady-state level of COX-2 mRNA, measured by Northern blot, which was maximal at 3 h (9-fold increase) and then decreased with time (p < 0.01). OT also caused an increase in COX-2 protein, which peaked at 12 h (11-fold increase), as measured by Western blot. Addition of rbIFN-tau suppressed the induction of COX-2 mRNA (89%, p < 0.01) and COX-2 protein (50%, p < 0.01) by OT. OT also increased PGFS mRNA, and this stimulation was attenuated by rbIFN-tau (p < 0.01). To ensure that the decrease in COX-2 was not solely due to down-regulation of the OT receptor, cells were stimulated with a phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate; PMA) in the presence and absence of rbIFN-tau. The results showed that rbIFN-tau also decreased PMA-stimulated PG production and COX-2 protein. It can be concluded that rbIFN-tau inhibition of OT-stimulated PG production is due to down-regulation of OT receptor, COX-2, and PGFS. (+info)

Molecular and cellular aspects of endometrial receptivity. (4/3697)

Endocrine and paracrine controls regulate the endometrium during the luteal phase of the cycle to permit implantation. Part of this differentiation process is the production of a specific secretion which fills the intrauterine cavity and glandular lumen. Its molecular composition originates from the gland secretion, from transudations from stroma, from the endometrial blood vessels, and last, but not least, from cellular components of apoptotic and exfoliated cells. We have studied the secretions of all phases during the menstrual cycle using patterns evaluated by SDS-PAGE, by laser densitometry or Western blots. Uterine secretion electrophoresis (USE) permits detailed analyses of the intrauterine micromilieu and allows clinical assessment of the receptive stage of endometrium during the luteal phase. Several individual protein bands have been defined as characteristic markers for such receptive pattern. We have isolated and identified the molecular structure of several of these proteins, e.g. histones, cyclophilin, transthyretin, haptoglobin and uteroglobin. Investigations on the endocrine regulation of these proteins, were carried out on the uterine secretions of patients treated with progesterone antagonists (mifepristone and onapristone). The results demonstrate how progesterone-dependent components produce a receptive pattern, which can serve as a useful and precise marker in the clinical diagnosis of the luteal phase. Essential progesterone-dependent components differentiating during the luteal phase may provide new targets for contraceptive interventions by preventing the physiological changes typical of receptivity. (+info)

Molecular control of the implantation window. (5/3697)

Human endometrium is the end organ of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Therefore, endometrium is susceptible to changes in the cases of infertility that originate from disturbances in the normal functioning of this axis. In addition, some cases of unexplained infertility may be due to altered endometrial function. This disturbed endometrial function may originate from lesions in the molecular repertoire that are crucial to implantation. Human endometrium becomes receptive to implantation by the blastocyst within a defined period during the menstrual cycle. The duration of this so-called 'endometrial receptivity' or 'implantation' period seems to span from few days after ovulation to several days prior to menstruation. Successful implantation results from a co-ordinated series of events that would allow establishment of a timely dialogue between a receptive endometrium and an intrusive blastocyst. The members of the molecular repertoire that make endometrium receptive to implantation are gradually being recognized. Among these are the cytokines, integrins, heat shock proteins, tastin and trophinin. In addition, the expression of a second set of genes including tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and ebaf, may be the appropriate signal for the closure of the 'implantation window', for making the endometrium refractory to implantation and for preparing it for the menstrual shedding. (+info)

Marker genes of decidualization: activation of the decidual prolactin gene. (6/3697)

Decidualization of human endometrial stromal (ES) cells in vitro is induced by cAMP analogues and ligands that elevate cellular cAMP levels in a manner resembling the gonadotrophins, prostaglandin E2 and relaxin (RLX). This differentiation process is marked by the onset of decidual prolactin (PRL) production in the late luteal phase of the cycle. Using transfection assays and a primary ES cell culture system, we have demonstrated that decidual PRL gene transcription is driven by an alternative upstream promoter (dPRL), approximately 6 kb upstream of the pituitary transcription start site. In primary cell cultures, RLX not only acutely but also permanently elevated cellular cAMP levels and induced PRL secretion after 6 days. Northern and Western blot analyses revealed all regulatory subunit isoforms (RIalpha, RIbeta, RIIalpha, RIIbeta) and catalytic subunits Calpha and Cbeta of protein kinase A (PKA) in ES cells. Transcript levels of PKA subunit isoforms are not altered during decidualization, but in decidualized ES cells exposed to elevated cellular cAMP levels by stimulation with RLX for >6 days, RIalpha protein levels were significantly reduced, whereas levels of all other forms remained unchanged. Reducing the availability of R subunits changed the R:C subunit ratio in favour of C and increased kinase activity. In transient transfections of undifferentiated ES cells, the dPRL promoter was activated by 8-Br-cAMP and by C subunit (Cbeta) of PKA. This induction, and the differentiation-dependent activity of the dPRL promoter in transfected decidualized cells, was effectively abolished by the co-expression of protein kinase inhibitor (PKI). A fragment of 332 bp of 5'-flanking region of the dPRL transcription start site was sufficient to mediate full inducibility by cAMP. cAMP activation of the dPRL promoter in ES cells was biphasic as an initial weak induction within 12 hours was followed by a subsequent, much more intense induction after 12 hours. The secondary induction was not seen with a control construct driven by a consensus cAMP response element (CRE) linked to a minimal promoter. The early response of the dPRL promoter depended upon a non-palindromic CRE at position -12 and mutation of this sequence led to omission of the early, but not of the delayed, induction. The major activation of the dPRL promoter depended upon a different region between position -332 and -270 since its deletion significantly reduced inducibility by cAMP. Its action was probably indirect as its kinetics differed from classic CRE-mediated responses, and it was specific to ES cells. (+info)

Changes in basement membrane thickness in the human endometrium during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. (7/3697)

We have examined aspects of the fine structure of the basal laminae associated with the luminal and glandular epithelium and small blood vessels in the human endometrium. Four short studies are presented and reviewed. Study 1 examined biopsies from 20 fertile women taken on days after the luteinizing hormone surge (LH): LH +2, 4, 6, 8 and 10. The basal lamina (both lamina densa and lucida) increased in thickness over the period studied. Study 2 again studied the glandular epithelium and examined the effect of RU486 (a progesterone receptor blocker) administered on day LH +3 and biopsied on day LH +6. The basal laminae were found to be the same as LH +2 control group but thinner than LH +6 control. Study 3 documented increased thickness of the basal laminae between LH +6, 8 and 13 in the luminal epithelium. The within-group coefficient of variation was 16% and 27% for LH +6 and LH +13 groups but only 2 % for LH +8. Study 4 demonstrated an increase in basal lamina thickness associated with small blood vessels between LH +6 and LH +10 in normal fertile women. The basal lamina provides the interface between epithelial and mesenchymal environments; changes in its structure can alter the phenotypic expression of the epithelia. It is one of the maternal barriers that must be transgressed by the trophoblast during implantation. Together, these combined studies provide quantitative baseline structural information on the electron microscopical appearance of the basal lamina during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. (+info)

Endometrial microvascular growth in normal and dysfunctional states. (8/3697)

As a tissue that exhibits rapid cyclical growth and shedding throughout the reproductive life of the female, human endometrium provides a good model for the study of normal physiological angiogenesis. The objective of this paper is to summarize recent data on endometrial vascular growth, present new data on regional variability in endothelial cell proliferation within the endometrium, and interpret this information in light of current knowledge of the mechanisms by which angiogenesis occurs. Conventional angiogenesis normally involves a series of steps which include endothelial cell activation, breakdown of the basement membrane, migration and proliferation of the endothelial cell, fusion of sprouts, and tube formation. Other mechanisms by which angiogenesis occurs include intussusception and vessel elongation. Using immunohistochemical techniques we have shown repeatedly that levels of endothelial cell proliferation within human endometrium do not show any consistent pattern across the different stages of the menstrual cycle, which is unexpected since significant vascular growth must occur during the proliferative phase, when the endometrium increases in thickness by up to 4-fold. There are two possible explanations for this; either there is no obligatory link between endometrial endothelial cell proliferation and new vessel formation, or there is significant variation in endothelial cell proliferation within different regions of the same uterus. Multiple samples from hysterectomy specimens subsequently demonstrated that the variability is due to real differences between individuals, as well as showing that the endothelial cell proliferation index is significantly elevated in functionalis compared with basalis. During these studies we observed that endothelial cell proliferation nearly always appeared inside existing endometrial vessels, rather than be associated with structures that could be identified as vascular sprouts. To explore further whether sprout formation occurs during endometrial angiogenesis, we investigated the immunohistochemical distribution of integrin alphavbeta3 on endometrial endothelial cells. As for endothelial cell proliferation, integrin alphavbeta3 immunostaining was seen only on endothelial cells that appeared within existing blood vessels. The results from these studies have major implications for our understanding of the mechanisms that control endometrial angiogenesis. The lack of correlation between menstrual cycle stage and endothelial cell proliferation index, or endothelial cell expression of integrin alphavbeta3, suggests that vascular growth is not under the overall control of oestrogen and progesterone. (+info)

Stanley R. Glasser; John D. Aplin; Linda C. Giudice; Siamak Tabibzadeh (14 January 2004). The Endometrium. CRC Press. pp. 711 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anordrin

... at which point it naturally separates from the endometrium. Endometrium "Endometrial Cups". Cornell University. June 20, 2014. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endometrial_cup

A thickened endometrium of > 10 mm is usually considered abnormal, though no consensus exists on the appropriate cutoff. A cut- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Products_of_conception

135-. ISBN 978-3-662-08422-9. Gisela Dallenbach-Hellweg (9 March 2013). Histopathology of the Endometrium. Springer Science & ... is incomplete at this dosage and contraceptive effects are instead mainly achieved via progestogenic changes in the endometrium ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlormadinone_acetate

There is no doubt that the conversion of the endometrium with injections of both synthetic and native estrogenic hormone ... G. Dallenbach-Hellweg (6 December 2012). Histopathology of the Endometrium. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 200-. ISBN ... Neither KAUFMANN (1933, 1935), RAUSCHER (1939, 1942) nor HERRNBERGER (1941) succeeded in bringing a castration endometrium into ... they succeeded in converting an atrophic castration endometrium into an unambiguous proliferation mucosa with 120-300 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diethylstilbestrol_dipropionate

EIN may be diagnosed by a trained pathologist by examination of tissue sections of the endometrium. All of the following ... a pathology site focusing on endometrial disease PTEN Gene Cancer Genetics Web PTEN entry PTEN and the Endometrium at PubMed ... certified specialist at the Society of Gynecologic Oncologists Pathology US and Canadian Academy of Pathology www.endometrium. ... Endometrial Precancer Type Collection [On Line]. http://www.endometrium.org 2000. Mutter GL (March 2000). "Endometrial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endometrial_intraepithelial_neoplasia

... s are a class of tumor characterized by a resemblance to endometrium/ endometrial carcinoma, and over a third ... Endometrioid carcinoma can also arise in the endometrium. Grades 1 and 2 are considered "type 1" endometrial cancer, while ... Light microscopy shows tubular glands, resembling endometrium. Ovarian and endometrial endometrioid carcinomas have distinct ... "Combined large cell neuroendocrine and endometrioid carcinoma of the endometrium". Int. J. Gynecol. Pathol. 27 (1): 49-57. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endometrioid_tumor

Endometrium Fascia Parametrium "Connective Tissue Study Guide". 2 January 2013. Retrieved 26 October 2014. Dorland, W. A. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connective_tissue

The endometrium is sloughed off for the next three to six days. Once menstruation ends, the cycle begins again with an FSH ... The endometrium thickens to prepare for implantation, and the ovum travels down the Fallopian tubes to the uterus. If the ovum ... Estrogen thickens the endometrium of the uterus. A surge of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) triggers ovulation. On day 14, the LH ... The uterus has three layers; the innermost layer is the endometrium, where the egg is implanted. During ovulation, this ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_sexuality

The endometrium after the process of breakdown via the menstruation cycle, re-epithelializes swiftly and regenerates. Though ... Examples of physiological regeneration are the continual replacement of cells of the skin and repair of the endometrium after ... These include the liver, fingertips, and endometrium. More information is now known regarding the passive replacement of ... tissues with a non-interrupted morphology, like non-injured soft tissue, completely regenerate consistently; the endometrium is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regeneration_in_humans

"Cancer of the Endometrium - Cancer Stat Facts". SEER. Retrieved 2019-11-12. Clinically reviewed uterine cancer information for ... Endometrial stromal sarcomas originate from the connective tissues of the endometrium, and are far less common than endometrial ... Endometrial carcinomas originate from cells in the glands of the endometrium (uterine lining). These include the common and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uterine_cancer

"MUC16 is lost from the uterodome (pinopode) surface of the receptive human endometrium: in vitro evidence that MUC16 is a ... "Proteomic characterization of midproliferative and midsecretory human endometrium." Journal of Proteome Research 8, no. 4 (2009 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_membrane_transformation

... hCG mediates invasion and attachment to the endometrium. Low levels of hCG increase risk of pre-eclampsia. Uterine angiogenesis ... crucial for the maintenance of the endometrium. hCG secreted by cytotrophoblastic cells of the blastocyst controls endometrial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endocrinology_of_reproduction

This destroys the endometrium and the nearby growth of dysfunctional smooth muscle. Deeper adenomyosis escapes this coagulative ... Adenomyosis is a medical condition characterized by the growth of cells that build up the inside of the uterus (endometrium) ... The techniques either include physical resection and removal of the endometrium through a hysteroscope, or focus on ablating or ... Circulating Hot Water: Heated water directly introduced into the uterus is used to thermally ablate the endometrium. Microwave ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenomyosis

There is no doubt that the conversion of the endometrium with injections of both synthetic and native estrogenic hormone ... Unopposed estrogen therapy stimulates the growth of the endometrium and is associated with a dramatically increased risk of ... Neither KAUFMANN (1933, 1935), RAUSCHER (1939, 1942) nor HERRNBERGER (1941) succeeded in bringing a castration endometrium into ... Progestogens prevent the effects of estrogens on the endometrium. As a result, they are able to completely block the increase ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrogen_(medication)

... the uterus reabsorbs the endometrium. This breakdown of the endometrium without vaginal discharge is sometimes called covert ... Females of other species of placental mammal undergo estrous cycles, in which the endometrium is completely reabsorbed by the ... Menstruation is the shedding of the uterine lining (endometrium). It occurs on a regular basis in uninseminated sexually ... Average length (days) of estrus and estrous cycles: Endometrium Estrous cycle Breeding pair Reproduction Animal husbandry Gras ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menstruation_(mammal)

... which will promote angiogenesis in the endometrium by up-regulating VEGF. This will allow the endometrium to prepare for ... Relaxin may be involved in the vital process of decidualisation, working alongside steroid hormones to allow the endometrium to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relaxin

The medication has functional antiestrogenic activity in the endometrium. Unlike danazol, gestrinone does not appear to bind to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gestrinone

The dose required to induce secretory changes in primed endometrium is about 250 mg. per menstrual cycle. Willibald Pschyrembel ... Kennedy BJ (July 1968). "Progestogens in the treatment of carcinoma of the endometrium". Surg Gynecol Obstet. 127 (1): 103-14. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algestone_acetophenide

Extra-amniotic administration, between the endometrium and fetal membranes. Nasal administration (through the nose) can be used ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Route_of_administration

When compared to non-functional short peptides at the same concentration, application of PIF to the endometrium at the ... The outermost layer of the uterine wall is an epithelial tissue called the endometrium that requires cell surface adhesion ... Upregulated expression of PIF increases the presence of integrins on the endometrium wall, promoting the embryo's adhesion to ... This requires changes to the histology of the endometrium; a process called decidualisation. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preimplantation_factor

The endometrium undergoes atrophy, with small, straight glands and a stroma that is decidualized. Cervical mucus remains ... Inhibition of ovarian function during DMPA use causes the endometrium to become thin and atrophic. These changes in the ... The dose required to induce secretory changes in primed endometrium is about 250 mg. per menstrual cycle. Willibald Pschyrembel ... cancer in DMPA users is thought to be due to both the direct anti-proliferative effect of progestogen on the endometrium and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medroxyprogesterone_acetate

... is a cancer that arises from the endometrium (the lining of the uterus or womb). It is the result of the ... Higher levels of estrone in the blood causes less or no ovulation and exposes the endometrium to continuously high levels of ... For primary squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium (PSCCE) to be diagnosed, there must be no other primary cancer in the ... Squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium has a poor prognosis. It has been reported fewer than 100 times in the medical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endometrial_cancer

Gellersen, Birgit; Brosens, Ivo; Brosens, Jan (2007-11-01). "Decidualization of the Human Endometrium: Mechanisms, Functions, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decidual_cells

The sum of these changes results in the endometrium changing into a structure called the decidua. In humans, the decidua is ... It consists of an increase in secretory functions of the endometrium at the area of implantation, as well as a surrounding ... The changes in the ESCs result in the endometrium developing a secretory lining that produces a variety of proteins, cytokines ... Decidualization is a process that results in significant changes to cells of the endometrium in preparation for, and during, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decidualization

Adenocarcinoma can arise from the endocervix, endometrium and extrauterine sites. AGC, formerly AGUS, is an acronym for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethesda_system

Daily use of regular oral contraceptive pills can alter the endometrium (although this has not been proven to interfere with ... One clinical study found that post-ovulatory administration of ulipristal acetate altered the endometrium, but whether the ... "alterations to the endometrium that may affect implantation may also contribute to efficacy." The primary mechanism of action ... by altering the endometrium). It is not effective once the process of implantation has begun. International Federation of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_contraception

Examples of physiological regeneration are the continual replacement of cells of the skin and repair of the endometrium after ... ISBN 978-0-12-369439-3. Ferenczy A, Bertrand G, Gelfand MM (April 1979). "Proliferation kinetics of human endometrium during ... Another example of physiological regeneration is the sloughing and rebuilding of a functional endometrium during each menstrual ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regeneration_(biology)

The effects of gestadienol acetate on the endometrium and its general pharmacology were studied in a clinical trial in women. ... Gupta, A. (1967, January). Effect of the new progestogen, CIBA 31458 on the human endometrium. In Journal of Reproduction and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gestadienol_acetate

The granulomas take up to 2 weeks to develop and since the endometrium is shed every 4 weeks, the granulomas are poorly formed ... The term "endomyometritis" may be used when inflammation of the endometrium and the myometrium is present. The condition is ... Endometritis is inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus (endometrium). Symptoms may include fever, lower abdominal pain ... "Quantifying CD138+ cells in the endometrium to assess chronic endometritis in women at risk of recurrent pregnancy loss: A ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endometritis

Micrograph of decidualized endometrium due to exogenous progesterone. H&E stain. Micrograph of decidualized endometrium due to ... In a woman of reproductive age, two layers of endometrium can be distinguished. These two layers occur only in the endometrium ... Half of the cases of bacterial vaginitis showed a polymicrobial biofilm attached to the endometrium. The endometrium is the ... The uterus and endometrium was for a long time thought to be sterile. The cervical plug of mucosa was seen to prevent the entry ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endometrium

Endometrium adalah lapisan terdalam pada rahim dan tempatnya menempelnya ovum yang telah dibuahi. Diperlukan waktu sekitar 4-5 ... Di dalam lapisan Endometrium terdapat pembuluh darah yang berguna untuk menyalurkan zat makanan ke lapisan ini. pembuluh darah ... Saat ovum yang telah dibuahi (yang biasa disebut fertilisasi) menempel di lapisan endometrium (implantasi), maka ovum akan ... hormon progesteron dan berubah menjadi korpus albikan yang menghasilkan sedikit hormon diikuti meluruhnya lapisan endometrium ...

https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endometrium

It is widely known that an adequate growth of the endometrium is indispensable for implantation and successful pregnancy. ... Its time to pay attention to the endometrium. Fertil Steril. 2011;96(3):519-21.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar ... Strategies to manage refractory endometrium: state of the art in 2016. Reprod Biomed Online. 2016;32(5):474-89.CrossRefPubMed ... Li R, Hao G. Local injury to the endometrium: its effect on implantation. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2009;21(3):236-9.CrossRef ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-57559-9_26

Histopathology of the Endometrium. Authors. * Gisela Dallenbach-Hellweg Translated by. Dallenbach, F.D.. Copyright. 1987. ...

https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783642728914

Ewertz M, Storm HH: Multiple primary cancers of the breast, endometrium and ovary. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 25: 1927-1932, 1989 ... Since the prolonged use of estrogen has been reported to increase the rate of benign and malignant changes in the endometrium, ... Patients underwent vaginal ultrasonography and endometrial biopsy in order to evaluate any changes in the endometrium occurring ... On the age-dependent association between cancer of the breast and of the endometrium. A nationwide cohort study. Br J Cancer 55 ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00682705

The health condition known as endometriosis affects 10 to 15 percent of women during their reproductive years. Endometriosis is found globally, and more than 90 million women will suffer from an endometrial condition during their lifetime. Despite the vast numbers of females who are suffering from the symptoms of endometriosis, …. Read More » ...

http://www.healthynewage.com/tag/endometrium/

6 patients with atrophic endometrium experience fatigue, depressed mood, pain, anxious mood, and insomnia. ... Find the most comprehensive real-world symptom and treatment data on atrophic endometrium at PatientsLikeMe. ... What is atrophic endometrium?. The endometrium is the lining of the uterus, an atrophic endometrium is an abnormal thin lining ... 1 a atrophic endometrium patient reports mild depressed mood (100%). * 0 atrophic endometrium patients report no depressed mood ...

https://www.patientslikeme.com/conditions/1670-atrophic-endometrium

I just found out yesterday that i have a slightly enlarged uterus and thickened endometrium..I had my last baby 14 months ago ... I just found out yesterday that i have a slightly enlarged uterus and thickened endometrium..I had my last baby 14 months ago ...

https://www.medhelp.org/posts/Ovarian-Cancer/slightly-enlarged-uterus-and-thickened-endometrium/show/1294082

... of the endometrium, is most often caused by an excess of estrogen without progesterone, according to the American Congress of O ... Home / World View / What Does It Mean When the Endometrium Is Thick? ... What Does It Mean When the Endometrium Is Thick? By Staff WriterLast Updated Mar 28, 2020 10:29:44 PM ET ... In either scenario, since ovulation does not occur, progesterone is not made, and the endometrium may continue to grow instead ...

https://www.reference.com/world-view/mean-endometrium-thick-334d7a7bba563e91

Human endometrium expresses a molecular repertoire which includes the heat shock proteins (Hsps) Hsp27, Hsp60, Hsp70, Hsp90, ... Human endometrium, in response to steroid hormones, undergoes characteristic cycles of proliferation, secretory changes, and ... The expression of Hsp27, Hsp60, and the constitutive form of Hsp70 (Hsc70) shows a sharp increase in human endometrium after ... Heat Shock Proteins in Human Endometrium Throughout the Menstrual Cycle. S. Tabibzadeh and J. Broome ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/idog/1999/404213/abs/

Endometrium is the inner lining of the mammalian uterus and very susceptible hormone change, particular to menstrual cycle. ... Cancer is limited to the endometrium. b. Stage IB:. cancer have penetrated to middle layer of the endometrial linning wall. ... Home , Articles , Health & Fitness , Heart Disease , Most common Types of Cancer - Cancer of Endometrium/Endometrial Cancer ... Most common Types of Cancer - Cancer of Endometrium/Endometrial Cancer By Kyle J. Norton ...

https://selfgrowth.com/print/3085036

... which occurs when there is proliferation of the endometrium, is progestin therapy, according to the Womens Health and ... What does it mean when the endometrium is thick?. A: Hyperplasia, or thickening, of the endometrium, is most often caused by an ... A: The thickening of the uterine lining or endometrium is a natural occurrence related to menstruation and pregnancy. It can ... The most common treatment for endometrial hyperplasia, which occurs when there is proliferation of the endometrium, is ...

https://www.reference.com/health/treatment-disordered-proliferative-endometrium-a356873c69bfae89

Conditional ablation of BMP-2 in murine endometrium results in complete infertility because BMP-. mice are unable to form ... 3. Fibromatosis, Endometrium, and Endomyometrial Junction. The advances in pathogenetic knowledge of fibroids and the ... S. Matsuzaki, M. Canis, C. Darcha, J. Pouly, and G. Mage, "HOXA-10 expression in the mid-secretory endometrium of infertile ... Uterine Fibroids: Pathogenesis and Interactions with Endometrium and Endomyometrial Junction. Andrea Ciavattini,1 Jacopo Di ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ogi/2013/173184/

The Human Endometrium: Studies on Angiogenesis and Endometriosis. Moberg, Christian Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of ... The major finding of the study is the high levels of VIP in eutopic and ectopic endometrium, as well as in PF, in our ... The most pronounced VIP expression is seen in endometrium and ectopic lesions from patients with CPP. In addition, we document ... 2. Levels of oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and alpha B-crystallin in eutopic endometrium in relation to pregnancy ...

http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:1070249

Radiation Oncology/Endometrium/Guidelines. From Wikibooks, open books for an open world ... Retrieved from "https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Radiation_Oncology/Endometrium/Guidelines&oldid=2276518" ...

https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Radiation_Oncology/Endometrium/Guidelines

Endometrium polyps?. Hi everyone.. Im a bit concerned because I went to my gynecologist yesterday and had an ultrasound done. ... He found some polyps in my endometrium. He advised me to do another test to make sure it is nothing to worry about. I wonder if ...

https://www.thebabycorner.com/boards/comments-suggestions-support/404424-endometrium-polyps-print.html

Very Worried , Endometrium Lining Thick I went to my gyno for an ultrasound and sonogram on what they thought were fibroids but ... instead they found out that my endometrium lining was very thick. My gyno wants to do another ultrasound and sonogram just to ...

https://www.healthboards.com/boards/5114169-post1.html

... will focus on the mechanisms by which P may act to block OXTR signaling and the luteolytic cascade in the ruminant endometrium ... will focus on the mechanisms by which P may act to block OXTR signaling and the luteolytic cascade in the ruminant endometrium ... in the endometrium of ruminant species is regulated by the ovarian steroids progesterone (P) and estradiol (E). Near the end of ... in the endometrium of ruminant species is regulated by the ovarian steroids progesterone (P) and estradiol (E). Near the end of ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2013.00138/full

... endometrium explanation free. What is endometrium? Meaning of endometrium medical term. What does endometrium mean? ... Looking for online definition of endometrium in the Medical Dictionary? ... endome´tria the mucous membrane lining the uterus.. endometrium. (ĕn′dō-mē′trē-əm). n. pl. endome·tria (-trē-ə) The glandular ... Related to endometrium: endometrioma, Endometrial hyperplasia. endometrium. [en″do-me´tre-um] (pl. endome´tria) (Gr.) the ...

http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/endometrium

Laparoscopic Approach to Cancer of the Endometrium. The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of ... Endometrium. Uterus. Cancer. Carcinoma. Adenocarcinoma. Stage 1. Laparoscopy. Abdominal. Total. Surgery. Quality of Life. ... LACE - Laparoscopic Approach to Cancer of the Endometrium: An International Multicenter Randomized Phase 3 Clinical Trial. ...

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00096408?intr=hysterectomy&rank=11

Radiation Oncology/Endometrium/Early Stage. From Wikibooks, open books for an open world ... See also at: Radiation Oncology/Endometrium/Recurrence. *8-year outcome: LRF: RT 4% vs. control 15% (SS), majority failures ... Retrieved from "https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Radiation_Oncology/Endometrium/Early_Stage&oldid=3704245" ...

https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Radiation_Oncology/Endometrium/Early_Stage

Hormonal Effects on the Uterus and Endometrium. The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the ... Endometrium is the lining of the uterus. It is where the fertilized egg normally implants during pregnancy. ... The mechanism(s) by which estrogen and progesterone exert these effects on the endometrium is not known. This is a tissue ... This tissue will be used for future studies intended to understand gonadal steroid action on the endometrium We propose to ...

https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00001454

The primary stromal endometrium cells were immortalized by infection with supernatant from the packaging cell line pA317-hTERT ... This endometrium cell line was derived from the stromal cells obtained from an adult female with myomas. ... The primary stromal endometrium cells were immortalized by infection with supernatant from the packaging cell line pA317-hTERT ... This endometrium cell line was derived from the stromal cells obtained from an adult female with myomas. ...

https://www.atcc.org/en/Products/Cells_and_Microorganisms/hTERT_Immortalized_Cell_Lines/Endometrial_Fibroblast_Cells/CRL-4003.aspx?slp=1

He found some polyps in my endometrium. He advised me ... He found some polyps in my endometrium. He advised me to do ...

https://www.thebabycorner.com/boards/comments-suggestions-support-8/endometrium-polyps-404424

We found that LPA and PCSK5 site mutations were common to eutopic endometria and endometriosis lesions in 66.7% (12/18) of the ... Home , May 5, 2019 - Volume 132 - Issue 9 , Pathogenetic gene changes of eutopic endometrium in patients... ... There was no overlap among the mutation sites of ectopic lesions and eutopic endometria of the above patients as well as those ... In this study, WES was used to sequence and analyze the ectopic endometrium and OEM tissues of OEM patients. Ten genes of ...

https://journals.lww.com/cmj/Fulltext/2019/05050/Pathogenetic_gene_changes_of_eutopic_endometrium.14.aspx

Learn about conditions that impact the endometrium and your fertility. ... What is the endometrium, how does it work, and what happens when things go wrong? ... How the Endometrium Works The uterus is made up of three layers: the serosa, the myometrium, and the endometrium. The serosa is ... The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus. Each month, the endometrium thickens and renews itself, preparing for ...

https://www.verywellfamily.com/understanding-the-endometrium-1960066

In this study, we investigated the expression and hormonal regulation of calcitonin in the baboon endometrium during the window ... Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis of the baboon endometrium on Days 9 and 10 postovulation revealed ... Collectively, these findings strongly suggest that the appearance of calcitonin in progesterone-dominated endometrium is ... Progesterone Induces Calcitonin Expression in the Baboon Endometrium Within the Window of Uterine Receptivity. ...

https://bioone.org/journals/biology-of-reproduction/volume-68/issue-4/biolreprod.102.007708/Progesterone-Induces-Calcitonin-Expression-in-the-Baboon-Endometrium-Within-the/10.1095/biolreprod.102.007708.short

Impact of Essure Tubal Sterilization Devices on the Endometrium. The safety and scientific validity of this study is the ...

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01558882?recr=Open&intr=%22Sterilization%2C+Reproductive%22&rank=2

View top-quality stock photos of Uterus Endometrium Glands 25x Shows Uterine Glands Stroma And Epithelium. Find premium, high- ... ENDOMETRIUM & GLANDS, 25X. Shows: uterine glands, stroma (connective tissue) and epithelium. - stock photo. ...

https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/photo/shows-uterine-glands-stroma-and-epithelium-high-res-stock-photography/139803577

http://www.semanticweb.org/pallabi.d/ontologies/2014/2/untitled-ontology-11#Endometrium MCCL LOOM ... http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#Endometrium SYN LOOM ... http://www.projecthalo.com/aura#Endometrium AURA LOOM ... http://www.co-ode.org/ontologies/galen#Endometrium GALEN LOOM ...

https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/MAT?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fpurl.obolibrary.org%2Fobo%2FMAT_0000319

Moreover, pregnancies and live births have been documented both with thinner and normal endometrium [3]. (springer.com)
It is possible to identify the phase of the menstrual cycle by reference to either the ovarian cycle or the uterine cycle by observing microscopic differences at each phase-for example in the ovarian cycle: About 20,000 protein coding genes are expressed in human cells and some 70% of these genes are expressed in the normal endometrium. (wikipedia.org)
Localization in tissues and secretion of eotaxin by cells from normal endometrium and endometriosis. (biomedsearch.com)
The results indicate that eotaxin is produced in epithelial cells of normal endometrium and endometriosis tissues, varies across the menstrual cycle, and is elevated in women with endometriosis. (biomedsearch.com)
A further 6 postmenopausal women with histologically normal endometrium who underwent hysterectomy for genital prolapse were also included. (diva-portal.org)

Endometrium is the inner lining of the mammalian uterus and very susceptible hormone change, particular to menstrual cycle. (selfgrowth.com)
The structure, thickness, and state of the endometrium undergo marked change with the menstrual cycle. (thefreedictionary.com)
If implantation does not occur, the superficial part of the endometrium is shed during the (hemorrhagic) menstrual phase of the uterine cycle. (thefreedictionary.com)
The endometrium changes in thickness and structure with the menstrual cycle. (thefreedictionary.com)
This is a tissue collection protocol to obtain endometrium and/or menstrual effluent from normally cycling women, women with endometriosis and women with infertility. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Apparao KB, Murray MJ, Fritz MA et al (2001) Osteopontin and its receptor alphavbeta(3) integrin are coexpressed in the human endometrium during the menstrual cycle but regulated differentially. (springer.com)
This was posed as a testable hypothesis: sporadic somatic endometrial mutation of the PTEN gene is frequent in the histologically unremarkable endometrium of women of reproductive age, and, once generated, PTEN-null clones are retained or regenerated between menstrual cycles. (aacrjournals.org)
Localization of leukemia inhibitory factor in human endometrium during the menstrual cycle. (biomedsearch.com)
The objective of this study was to examine the pattern of LIF protein in the human endometrium during the menstrual cycle. (biomedsearch.com)
it provides the regenerative endometrium after menstrual loss of the functional layer . (thefreedictionary.com)
The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus that undergoes changes during the menstrual cycle. (sciencephoto.com)
In the Day 3 endometrium from the menstrual period, there were numerous small lymphatic vessels in the remaining basalis by both D2-40 and LYVE-1. (omicsonline.org)
To compare stromal leukocyte subpopulations in different phases of the menstrual cycle in eutopic and ectopic endometrium from women with ovarian endometriosis and in control endometrium. (unboundmedicine.com)
Quantitative assessment of defined stromal leukocyte subpopulations in eutopic, ectopic and control endometrium at different stages of the menstrual cycle. (unboundmedicine.com)
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Quantitative assessment of defined stromal leukocyte subpopulations in eutopic, ectopic and control endometrium at different stages of the menstrual cycle. (unboundmedicine.com)
During an idealized 28-day human menstrual cycle, the endometrium undergoes well-timed changes in preparation for embryo implantation. (biologists.org)
During the menstrual cycle or estrous cycle , the endometrium grows to a thick, blood vessel-rich, glandular tissue layer. (gutenberg.cc)

Since the prolonged use of estrogen has been reported to increase the rate of benign and malignant changes in the endometrium, we evaluated whether there is a correlation between tamoxifen therapy and endometrial benign and malignant conditions. (springer.com)
Patients underwent vaginal ultrasonography and endometrial biopsy in order to evaluate any changes in the endometrium occurring during tamoxifen therapy. (springer.com)
Estrogen and progesterone induce characteristic and predictable morphological changes in the endometrium that are required for successful implantation and pregnancy. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The overall findings of this study suggest differential effects of bovine IFNT compared to human IFNA2 and that some pregnancy-specific changes in the endometrium are elicited by conceptus-derived factors other than IFNT. (uni-muenchen.de)
early stage secretory phase' means that you have just ovulated and the endometrium is showing secretory changes in the endometrium in response to to the rising levels of progesterone . (justanswer.com)

It is widely known that an adequate growth of the endometrium is indispensable for implantation and successful pregnancy. (springer.com)
In this study, we investigated the expression and hormonal regulation of calcitonin in the baboon endometrium during the window of implantation. (bioone.org)
Collectively, these findings strongly suggest that the appearance of calcitonin in progesterone-dominated endometrium is conserved among species and may serve as a marker of uterine receptivity for embryo implantation. (bioone.org)
Furthermore, deregulated Serum and Glucocorticoid Kinase 1 (SGK1) activity in the endometrium during the window of implantation either interfered with embryo implantation, leading to infertility, or compromised the integrity of the decidual-placental interface, resulting in pregnancy loss. (bl.uk)
The purpose of this article is to compare the effects of letrozole and clomiphene on the morphology of the endometrium during pre-ovulation and the receptivity of the endometrium during implantation. (ijpsonline.com)
Compared with clomiphene ovulation induction, letrozole did not affect the ultrastructure of the mouse endometrium during implantation and the expression of related genes interleukin enhancer binding factor, but the uterine receptivity of the clomiphene group showed a certain inhibitory effect. (ijpsonline.com)
The lower expression of miR-206 in ER compared to LL might facilitate the angiogenesis of the endometrium during embryo implantation. (frontiersin.org)
The identified miRNAs that are differentially expressed in the endometrium of ER and LL pigs will contribute to the understanding of the role of miRNAs in embryonic implantation and the molecular mechanisms of the highest embryonic survival in Chinese ER pigs. (frontiersin.org)
This growth factor controls angiogenesis and hyperpermeability required for adequate receptivity to implantation of the cycling human endometrium. (nih.gov)
Immunolocalisation of phosphorylated STAT3, interleukin 11 and leukaemia inhibitory factor in endometrium of women with unexplained infertility during the implantation window. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Interleukin (IL-11) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) are essential for murine implantation and signal via intracellular phosphorylation (p) of STAT3 in the endometrium. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The goal of this study was to describe the alterations in the transcriptome of the endometrium in pigs during the beginning of implantation (days 15a 16 of pregnancy) compared to cyclic pigs during the onset of luteolysis (days 15a 16 of the estrous cycle). (eurekamag.com)
Human endometrium undergoes a dramatic changes, 'decidualization', that includes proliferation and differentiation accompanied by induction of a number of phase specific genes required for successful embryonal implantation. (nii.ac.jp)

Hyperplasia, or thickening, of the endometrium, is most often caused by an excess of estrogen without progesterone, according to the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, or ACOG. (reference.com)
In either scenario, since ovulation does not occur, progesterone is not made, and the endometrium may continue to grow instead of shed its lining. (reference.com)
Expression of the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) in the endometrium of ruminant species is regulated by the ovarian steroids progesterone (P) and estradiol (E). Near the end of the estrous cycle, long-term exposure of endometrial epithelial cells to P results in loss of genomic P receptors (PGRs), leading to an increase in E receptors (ERs). (frontiersin.org)
The mechanism(s) by which estrogen and progesterone exert these effects on the endometrium is not known. (clinicaltrials.gov)
This tissue will be used for future studies intended to understand gonadal steroid action on the endometrium We propose to identify peptides that are induced by endogenous estrogen and progesterone using in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, microarray analysis and/or culture of human endometrium obtained at hormonally different times of the cycle. (clinicaltrials.gov)
This pregnancy hormone then signals the corpus luteum (on the ovaries) to keep producing progesterone, which maintains the endometrium. (verywellfamily.com)
If an embryo doesn't implant into the endometrium, then the corpus luteum will begin to break down, leading to decreased levels of progesterone. (verywellfamily.com)
When progesterone drops, the glands of the endometrium will stop secreting the fluids that were maintaining it. (verywellfamily.com)
Also, with the withdrawal of progesterone, the spiral arteries that were supplying the endometrium with blood flow begin to constrict. (verywellfamily.com)
Treatment of animals with the antiprogestin ZK 137.316 dramatically reduced calcitonin expression, indicating that calcitonin expression in the baboon endometrium is under progesterone regulation. (bioone.org)
Progesterone provides protection by interrupting continued estrogenic stimulation of the endometrium, and pregnancy is protective, because progesterone is the predominant hormone for the duration of pregnancy and confers a break in the cycle of estrogen exposure. (aacrjournals.org)
This study is to investigate the difference of progesterone concentration in serum and endometrium after administration with crinone and intramuscular progesterone. (clinicaltrials.gov)
High magnification micrograph of decidualized endometrium due to exogenous progesterone ( oral contraceptive pill ). (gutenberg.cc)

When reviewing the literature, it is accepted that an endometrial thickness of less than 7 mm would be considered as a refractory endometrium (or thin endometrium) and that would entail to altered pregnancy and live birth rates [1, 2]. (springer.com)
Cruz F, Bellver J. Live birth after embryo transfer in an unresponsive thin endometrium. (springer.com)
Takasaki A, Tamura H, Miwa I, Taketani T, Shimamura K, Sugino N. Endometrial growth and uterine blood flow: a pilot study for improving endometrial thickness in the patients with a thin endometrium. (springer.com)
Had an ultrasound which they said looked OK but the report has mentioned a thin endometrium. (babycentre.co.uk)
Introduction: We often see patients with a thin endometrium in ART cycles, in spite of standard and adjuvant treatments. (ebscohost.com)
Improving endometrial growth in patients with a thin endometrium is very difficult. (ebscohost.com)
Among 68 infertile patients with thin endometrium (7 mm) at the 12th-13th cycle day, 34 patients received G-CSF (300 microgram/lmL) to improve endometrial thickness. (ebscohost.com)
The cycle was cancelled in the patients with thin endometrium (endometrial thickness 7mm) until 19th cycle day ultimately. (ebscohost.com)
Results: The cycle cancelation rate owing to thin endometrium was similar in G-CSF group (15.20%), followed by (15.20%) in the control group (p=1.00). (ebscohost.com)
Conclusion: Our study fails to demonstrate that G-CSF has the potential to improve endometrial thickness but has the potential to improve chemical and clinical pregnancy rate of the infertile women with thin endometrium in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycle. (ebscohost.com)

In most other mammals, the endometrium is reabsorbed in the estrous cycle. (wikipedia.org)
Van Cruchten S, Van Den Broeck W, Duchateau L, Simoens P. Apoptosis in the canine endometrium during the estrous cycle. (ugent.be)
Analysis of the microarray data showed that, of 589 accurately annotated genes, the expression of 266 genes was up-regulated and expression of 323 was down-regulated in the endometrium harvested during early pregnancy compared with the endometrium during the estrous cycle. (eurekamag.com)

The human endometrium is a complex multi-cellular, sex steroid-dependent tissue located within the lumen of the uterus. (cam.ac.uk)
The endometrium is a remarkable tissue that exhibits cyclical episodes of scarless healing, regeneration, and angiogenesis all processes considered features of developing tissues or cancers. (cam.ac.uk)
The endometrium is a highly proliferative and cyclically regenerative tissue in which loss of PTEN tumor suppressor gene function heralds the beginning of multistep carcinogenesis. (aacrjournals.org)
The outer layer of the endometrium, known as the perimetrium, is composed of a mesothelium and connective tissue, and directly beneath this stratum is the myometrium, which is comprised of smooth muscle and elastic tissue. (fsu.edu)
However, LGR5⁺ cells have a macrophage-like phenotype in this tissue, so it is unclear what role LGR5⁺ cells actually play in the endometrium. (nih.gov)
Lymphoid tissue and cyclical endometrium. (bmj.com)
After 7 days therapy, endometrium biopsy was taken via vaginal route for tissue P concentration test by radioimmunoassay method. (clinicaltrials.gov)
A tissue microarray was constructed from endometria with normal (n = 18) and elevated uNK cell (n = 18) scores. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The endometrium, which is of crucial importance for reproduction, undergoes dynamic cyclic tissue remodeling. (biologists.org)
Together, we established an organoid culture system for endometrium, reproducing tissue epithelium physiology and allowing long-term expansion. (biologists.org)
The murine endometrium is composed of luminal epithelium bordering the uterine cavity, glandular epithelium embedded in stromal tissue and myometrium. (biologists.org)
These temporal changes of the endometrium are evident at the tissue and epithelial cell level. (biologists.org)
The endometrium consists of a single layer of columnar epithelium resting on the stroma , a layer of connective tissue that varies in thickness according to hormonal influences. (gutenberg.cc)

Body weight and body mass index (BMI) were higher in women with a thick endometrium. (ovid.com)
The prevalence of a thick endometrium was high in asymptomatic women, and endometrial thickness correlated with BMI. (ovid.com)

LacZ expressing cells were found in the wild-type ectopic endometrium implanted in the peritoneal cavity of hysterectomized LacZ transgenic mice. (wiley.com)
We performed immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and primary culture in vitro experiments on eutopic and ectopic endometrium from healthy and endometriosis patients and observed that neither LGR5⁺ cells nor LGR5 expression varied throughout the cycle. (nih.gov)
In the proliferative and early secretory phases, ectopic endometrium contained elevated numbers of CD45+, CD3+, and CD43+ cells but reduced percentages of CD68+ macrophages. (unboundmedicine.com)
The proportions of granulated cells were reduced in ectopic endometrium throughout the cycle. (unboundmedicine.com)

What is atrophic endometrium? (patientslikeme.com)
The endometrium is the lining of the uterus, an atrophic endometrium is an abnormal thin lining of the uterus. (patientslikeme.com)
When you share what it's like to have atrophic endometrium through your profile, those stories and data appear here too. (patientslikeme.com)
Got a question about living with atrophic endometrium? (patientslikeme.com)
Who has atrophic endometrium on PatientsLikeMe? (patientslikeme.com)
Benign endometrial polyp, Atrophic endometrium and chronic endometritis were seen in 01 (1. (thefreedictionary.com)
We compared the immunohistochemical expression of Wnt1, Frizzled-1 (FZD1), Wnt5a, Frizzled-5 (FZD5) and beta-catenin between endometrial cancer type I and atrophic endometrium. (scielo.br)
Regarding the survival curve for FZD5 in group B, we did not find any significant association between atrophic endometrium and endometrial adenocarcinoma. (scielo.br)

This is the outer layer of the endometrium. (verywellfamily.com)

1 ] Endometrial hyperplasia is the result of a persistent, prolonged, estrogenic stimulation of the endometrium. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)

The thickness of the endometrium is determined via a vaginal ultrasound. (verywellfamily.com)
Our study was performed to further investigate the relationship between the thickness of the uterine endometrium and pregnancy success using donor eggs. (advancedfertility.com)
In women with endometrium measuring less than 5 mm, the endometrial thickness correlated to body weight. (ovid.com)
The endometrium is central, echogenic (detectable using ultrasound scanners), and has an average thickness of 6.7 mm. (gutenberg.cc)
Two of the qualities of the endometrium or lining, are thickness and appearance. (babymed.com)

The blastocyst implants into the endometrium making the uterus gravid. (thefreedictionary.com)
If conception takes place, the embryo implants into the endometrium. (verywellfamily.com)

During the early stages of pregnancy, the uterine endometrium undergoes dramatic morphologic and functional changes accompanied with dynamic variation in gene expression. (mdpi.com)

Pathology records were searched to identify women under age 40 diagnosed with atypical hyperplasia or well-differentiated carcinoma of the endometrium between January 1990 and January 1996. (nih.gov)

During pregnancy, the glands and blood vessels in the endometrium further increase in size and number. (wikipedia.org)
The glands of the endometrium secrete proteins, lipids, and glycogen. (verywellfamily.com)
We analyzed the PTEN tumor suppressor gene as an early marker for endometrial carcinogenesis, and we show that 43% of histologically normal premenopausal endometria contain rare glands that fail to express PTEN protein because of mutation and/or deletion. (aacrjournals.org)
The prevalence and morphology of PTEN-null glands in persistent proliferative (endometria exposed to a protracted nonphysiological estrogen interval) and EIN endometria, was also determined by immunohistochemistry. (aacrjournals.org)
Persistent proliferative endometria (mean age, 45.2 ± 9.3) had mitotically active but cytologically uniform glands with occasional cystically dilated glands, and were ascribed either to endogenous (anovulation) or exogenous (pharmacological) estrogen sources based on clinical history. (aacrjournals.org)
De novo development of endometrial stroma, glands, and vasculature occurs in a predictable fashion, presumably from endogenous stem cells located in the endometrium [ 1 , 2 ]. (wiley.com)
compact layer of endometrium a sublayer of the functional layer of endometrium , which faces the lumen of the uterus and contains the necks of the uterine glands . (thefreedictionary.com)
spongy layer of endometrium a sublayer of the functional layer of endometrium , underlying the compact layer and containing the tortuous portions of the uterine glands . (thefreedictionary.com)

The thickening of the uterine lining or endometrium is a natural occurrence related to menstruation and pregnancy. (reference.com)
Each month, the endometrium thickens and renews itself, preparing for pregnancy. (verywellfamily.com)
If pregnancy doesn't occur, the endometrium sheds in a process known as menstruation . (verywellfamily.com)
Pregnancy-stage specific differentially expressed gene (DEG)-transcript-probes were investigated and identified by comparing endometrium transcriptome at 9th day (9D), 12th day (12D) and 16th day (16D) of early pregnancy in Polish large-white (PLW) gilts. (mdpi.com)
Together, these findings provide novel insights of the mode of action of hCG and the LH/CGR in the endometrium and highlight how perturbation of their signalling and trafficking profiles may contribute to pregnancy loss. (bl.uk)

Endometriosis patients with chronic pelvic pain had higher levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in eutopic endometria and in endometriotic lesions compared with patients without chronic pain. (diva-portal.org)
Recent studies have shown that there is some specificity in eutopic endometria of patients with endometriosis themselves, making it possible that endometrial fragments adhere, invade, and grow outside of the uterine cavity. (lww.com)
This study intends to use the whole exome sequencing (WES) and gene chip sequencing technology to explore the role of eutopic endometria of patients with ovarian endometriosis (OEM) in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. (lww.com)
We investigate whether BMDCs can localize to uterine endometrium and to endometriosis. (wiley.com)
Endometriosis is characterized by the abnormal presence of endometrium outside of the uterus, resulting in pelvic pain and infertility. (nih.gov)
Interestingly, we observed that LGR5⁺ cell percentage overexpressing CD163 (anti-inflammatory marker) was higher in healthy endometrium, suggesting that in endometriosis, endometrium presents a more pro-inflammatory phenotype that likely leads to poor obstetric outcomes. (nih.gov)
We also observed higher levels of LGR5⁺ cells in ectopic lesions compared to eutopic endometrium and specifically in deep infiltrating endometriosis, indicating that LGR5 could be involved in progression and aggressiveness of the disease. (nih.gov)
Eotaxin distribution in endometriosis was similar to that seen in eutopic endometrium but with higher levels of eotaxin staining in the glandular epithelium. (biomedsearch.com)
No differences were noted between eutopic endometrium from women with endometriosis and control endometrium. (unboundmedicine.com)
As a new treatment model for endometriosis, photodynamic therapy (PDT) was applied to endometrium cultures. (spie.org)

Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis of the baboon endometrium on Days 9 and 10 postovulation revealed stage-specific expression of calcitonin mRNA, which overlapped with the window of uterine receptivity. (bioone.org)

This paper summarizes the available literature regarding the ultimate relative knowledge on pathogenesis of uterine fibroids and their interactions with endometrium and subendometrial myometrium. (hindawi.com)
The aim of this work is to discuss the latest knowledge on the pathogenesis of uterine fibroids and their interactions with the endometrium and subendometrial myometrium. (hindawi.com)
The uterus is made up of three layers: the serosa, the myometrium, and the endometrium. (verywellfamily.com)
The endometrium is the innermost glandular layer and functions as a lining for the uterus, preventing adhesions between the opposed walls of the myometrium , thereby maintaining the patency of the uterine cavity. (gutenberg.cc)

In a woman of reproductive age, two layers of endometrium can be distinguished. (wikipedia.org)
Regeneration of the endometrium in each reproductive cycle is essential for the continued survival of most mammalian species, including humans. (wiley.com)

Carson DD, Lagow E, Thathiah A, Al-Shami R, Farach-Carson MC, Vernon M, Yuan L, Fritz M, Lessey B (2002) Changes in gene expression during the early to mid-luteal (receptive phase) transition in human endometrium detected by high-density microarray screening. (springer.com)
Failure of the endometrium to acquire a receptive phenotype is widely viewed as a major cause of infertility and IVF treatment failure. (bl.uk)
Secondly, HESCs were then identified to mount a highly coordinated but transient inflammatory response that renders the endometrium receptive, by rapidly releasing Interleukin-33, up-regulating its cognate transmembrane receptor-ST2L and other pro-inflammatory mediators before mounting an anti-inflammatory response that includes down-regulation of ST2L and increased secretion of the soluble decoy receptor sST2. (bl.uk)
Both cytokines are present in the endometrium of women duiring the receptive window. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Their characterization and use as markers for a healthy receptive endometrium have been limited because they are only identifiable by electron microscopy. (biologists.org)

The distribution of histopathological lesions in the equine endometrium was examined to investigate the representativeness of a single biopsy specimen in terms of the whole endometrium. (bmj.com)
In most cases the examination of a single biopsy, when combined with a thorough clinical examination, should provide adequate information about the condition of a mare's endometrium. (bmj.com)

Human endometrium expresses a molecular repertoire which includes the heat shock proteins (Hsps) Hsp27, Hsp60, Hsp70, Hsp90, and alpha crystallin B chain. (hindawi.com)
The expression of Hsp27, Hsp60, and the constitutive form of Hsp70 (Hsc70) shows a sharp increase in human endometrium after ovulation. (hindawi.com)
Researchers would like to identify the genes that are affected by female sex hormones by using a variety of tests (in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and culture of human endometrium). (clinicaltrials.gov)
Objective: Using cryosections of human endometrium, this study aimed to unveil possible cyclic changes of lymphatic and venous vessels. (scirp.org)
We previously reported cyclic changes of lymphatic vessels in human endometrium using D2-40. (scirp.org)
Tomita, T. and Mah, K. (2014) Cyclic Changes of Lymphatic and Venous Vessels in Human Endometrium. (scirp.org)
Blackwell, P. and Fraser, I. (1981) Superficial Lymphatics in the Functionalis Zone of Normal Human Endometrium. (scirp.org)
If an embryo implants itself into the wall of the endometrium, the developing placenta will begin to secrete human chorionic gonadotropic hormone (hCG) . (verywellfamily.com)
Birdsall MA, Hopkisson JF, Grant KE, Barlow DH, Mardon HJ (1996) Expression of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor messenger RNA in the human endometrium. (springer.com)
Donor-derived bone marrow cells have been identified in human uterine endometrium. (wiley.com)
Cell adhesion, cell adhesion molecules and their functional role in the human endometrium. (biomedsearch.com)
This assay has high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of human endometrium antibody (EMAb). (novusbio.com)
No significant cross-reactivity or interference between human endometrium antibody (EMAb) and analogues was observed. (novusbio.com)
Following a wash to remove any unbound reagent, a substrate solution is added to the wells and color develops in proportion to the amount of human endometrium antibody (EMAb) bound in the initial step. (novusbio.com)
Be the first to review our Human Endometrium Antibody ELISA Kit (Colorimetric) and receive a gift card or discount. (novusbio.com)
Lymphatic Vessels in the Human Endometrium: Are they Present or Absent? (omicsonline.org)
Tomita T, Mah K (2015) Lymphatic Vessels in the Human Endometrium: Are they Present or Absent? (omicsonline.org)
The presence and structure-function relationship of lymphatic vessels in the human endometrium are still sketchy and unsettled: some authors claimed that there were no lymphatic vessels [1,2] but more reports agreed that lymphatic vessels are present in the human endometrium, especially in the basalis but may not be in the functionalis [3-6]. (omicsonline.org)
Elevated periimplantation uterine natural killer cell density in human endometrium is associated with impaired corticosteroid signaling in decidualizing stromal cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Here, we have established a novel and promising organoid model from both mouse and human endometrium. (biologists.org)
Nucleolar channel systems (NCSs) are membranous organelles appearing transiently in the epithelial cell nuclei of postovulatory human endometrium. (biologists.org)
Publications] Shigeto Takeuchi: 'Possible Direct Effect of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone on Human Endometrium and Decidua. (nii.ac.jp)
Publications] Hiroyuki Minoura: 'Oct-3B Genes in the Human Endometrium During the Process of Decidualization. (nii.ac.jp)

I went to my gyno for an ultrasound and sonogram on what they thought were fibroids but instead they found out that my endometrium lining was very thick. (healthboards.com)
When the endometrium was 5 mm thick or greater, ultrasound was repeated every third month. (ovid.com)
The endometrium measured 5 mm or more in 22 women, who were followed with ultrasound for 1-25 months. (ovid.com)

Endometrium is the lining of the uterus. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The endometrium makes up the inner lining of the uterus. (verywellfamily.com)
The endometrium, which represents the inner lining of the uterus, plays a crucial role in mammalian reproduction ( Kobayashi and Behringer, 2003 ). (biologists.org)

Focal Adhesion Sites in GMMe Cell Cultures - A culture of mink uterus endometrium cells was immunofluorescently labeled with primary anti-vinculin mouse monoclonal antibodies followed by goat anti-mouse secondary antibodies (IgG) conjugated to Alexa Fluor 568 (red fluorescence emission). (fsu.edu)
Mink Uterus Endometrium Cells with MitoTracker Red CMXRos, Alexa Fluor 488, and DAPI - In what has become a favorite standard fluorescence staining protocol, a log phase monolayer adherent culture of GMMe cells was labeled with MitoTracker Red CMXRos before fixing, and the cells were subsequently permeabilized and stained with Alexa Fluor 488 conjugated to phalloidin, followed by DAPI, a popular DNA-binding counterstain. (fsu.edu)

A healthy endometrium is vital to healthy fertility. (verywellfamily.com)
The hormone estrogen is vital to the formation of a healthy endometrium. (verywellfamily.com)

Hladiny TFF3 byly významně vyšší u pacientek s karcinomem endometria, ale ne ve skupině žen s endometriální hyperplazií. (prolekare.cz)
Prokázali jsme zvýšené hladiny TFF3, ale ne TFF1 a TFF2 u pacientek s karcinomem endometria. (prolekare.cz)

In this study, we have studied the histopathology of endometrium to identify the endometrial causes and also observe the incidence of various pathologies. (thefreedictionary.com)

Just over 100 of these genes are more specifically expressed in the endometrium with only a handful genes being highly endometrium specific. (wikipedia.org)
We postulated that the induction of a cortisol gradient upon decidualization of the periimplantation endometrium may impact on the uterine natural killer (uNK) cell population and on local expression of corticosteroid-dependent target genes. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The global expression of genes in porcine gravid and non-gravid endometria was investigated using the Porcine (V2) Two-colour gene expression microarray, 4 44 (Agilent, USA). (eurekamag.com)
In order to identify the genes misregulated under COS, we compared the endometrium gene expression profiles, from the same patients, in a natural cycle and in a. (ebscohost.com)

This endometrium cell line was derived from the stromal cells obtained from an adult female with myomas. (atcc.org)
The primary stromal endometrium cells were immortalized by infection with supernatant from the packaging cell line pA317-hTERT (Geron Corp. (atcc.org)
Immunocytochemical analysis of baboon endometrium sections localized calcitonin expression in the glandular epithelial and stromal cells. (bioone.org)
Endometrium is composed of epithelial and stromal cells which can also be found in primary culture. (spie.org)

GlobalData's new report, EU5 Transcervical Resection of the Endometrium (TCRE) Procedures Outlook to 2023, provides key procedures data on the EU5 Transcervical Resection of the Endometrium (TCRE) Procedures. (marketresearch.com)
The report provides procedure volumes within market segment - Transcervical Resection of the Endometrium (TCRE) procedures. (marketresearch.com)
EU5 Transcervical Resection of the Endometrium (TCRE) Procedures volumes by segment - Transcervical Resection of the Endometrium (TCRE) procedures. (marketresearch.com)
Transcervical Resection of Endometrium (TCRE) is also known as hysteroscopic resection in which the lining (endometrium) of the womb (uterus) is removed using an instrument called a hysteroscope. (benendenhospital.org.uk)

There are cyclic changes of lymphatic vessels in the functionalis: The early proliferative phase endometrium, Day 5 showed very few, small lymphatic vessels in the lower functionalis (Figure 1) and Day 9 endometrium revealed few lymphatic vessels in the upper endometrium. (omicsonline.org)

These two layers occur only in the endometrium lining the cavity of the uterus, and not in the lining of the Fallopian tubes. (wikipedia.org)

The reason may be that ovarian function declines due to age, poor egg quality and insufficient ability of the endometrium to accept embryos[ 2 , 3 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
Transitional cell carcinoma of the endometrium associated with a benign ovarian Brenner tumor: a case report. (termedia.pl)

Mainly reflected in: accelerated body metabolism, less impact on the permeability of the endometrium[ 4 ]. (ijpsonline.com)

In Day 5 - 9 endometrium, there were sparse lymphatic vessels but were numerous growing venous vessels in thin proliferating functionalis. (scirp.org)
In Day 14 - 22 endometrium, there were scattered lymphatic vessels and numerous venous vessels in functionalis. (scirp.org)
In Day 25 - 26 endometrium, there were many dilated lymphatic vessels and numerous dilated, disintegrating venous vessels in upper functionalis than lower functionalis. (scirp.org)

Prominent eotaxin accumulation was noted in the luminal epithelium of secretory endometrium. (biomedsearch.com)

The most common treatment for endometrial hyperplasia, which occurs when there is proliferation of the endometrium, is progestin therapy, according to the Women's Health and Education Center. (reference.com)
Progestin treatment of atypical hyperplasia and well-differentiated carcinoma of the endometrium in women under age 40. (nih.gov)
Treatment of atypical hyperplasia and well-differentiated carcinoma of the endometrium with progestins appears to be a safe alternative to hysterectomy in women under age 40. (nih.gov)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of 3-dimensional power Doppler angiography (3D-PDA) to discriminate between benign and malignant endometrial disease in women with postmenopausal bleeding and thickened endometrium. (cun.es)

Basic scientists are learning a lot more about the marvels of cell proliferation and how it is regulated by studying the endometrium. (drmalpani.com)

During a TCRE or TCRF the hysteroscope gives the surgeon a good view of the uterine cavity while a surgical loop at its end is used to remove (or resect) the endometrium or fibroids. (benendenhospital.org.uk)

Here after ovulation (egg release) the endometrium has formed a thick glandular layer. (sciencephoto.com)

Dix E, Check J. Successful pregnancies following embryo transfer despite very thin late proliferative endometrium. (springer.com)

Experiment 1 revealed differential gene expression between pregnant and nonpregnant endometria on D15 and D18. (uni-muenchen.de)
In experiment 2, IFNA2 treatment resulted in differential gene expression in the bovine endometrium. (uni-muenchen.de)
Aim: To investigate whether the endometrium of women with PCOS possesses gene expression changes similar to those found in EC. (diva-portal.org)

We report a case of a 30-year-old single nulliparous woman with metastatic recurrence of endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium involving the pelvic bone, and the role of bone scintigraphy in detection and staging of the disease. (ovid.com)
Adenocarcinoma of the endometrium is the commonest histological subtype of endometrial cancer and accounts for up to 90% of such cases 1 . (radiopaedia.org)

Anatomy15

Organisms4

Diseases19

Chemicals and Drugs24

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment10

Phenomena and Processes15

Disciplines and Occupations1

Production of prostaglandin f2alpha and its metabolite by endometrium and yolk sac placenta in late gestation in the tammar wallaby, Macropus Eugenii. (1/3697)

Expression of trophinin, tastin, and bystin by trophoblast and endometrial cells in human placenta. (2/3697)

Down-regulation of oxytocin-induced cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin F synthase expression by interferon-tau in bovine endometrial cells. (3/3697)

Molecular and cellular aspects of endometrial receptivity. (4/3697)

Molecular control of the implantation window. (5/3697)

Marker genes of decidualization: activation of the decidual prolactin gene. (6/3697)

Changes in basement membrane thickness in the human endometrium during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. (7/3697)

Endometrial microvascular growth in normal and dysfunctional states. (8/3697)

Endometrium

Menstrual Cycle

Endometriosis

Embryo Implantation

Endometrial Neoplasms

Endometrial Hyperplasia

Uterus

Decidua

Menstruation

Pregnancy

Uterine Diseases

Progesterone

Pregnancy, Animal

Luteal Phase

Pregnancy Proteins

Stromal Cells

Immunohistochemistry

Estrous Cycle

Endometritis

Uterine Hemorrhage

Estradiol

Menorrhagia

Levonorgestrel

Myometrium

Uterine Neoplasms

Infertility, Female

RNA, Messenger

Metrorrhagia

Pseudopregnancy

Contraceptive Agents, Female

Receptors, Progesterone

Estrus

Intrauterine Devices, Medicated

Ovarian Diseases

Hysteroscopy

Polyps

Carcinoma, Endometrioid

Macaca radiata

Fallopian Tubes

Medroxyprogesterone Acetate

Mifepristone

Ovariectomy

Follicular Phase

Peritoneal Diseases

Placentation

Dinoprost

Gonanes

Progestins

Estrogens

Epithelium

Trophoblasts

Receptors, Oxytocin

Progesterone Congeners

Hormone Antagonists

Luteolytic Agents

Sheep

Papio

Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

In Situ Hybridization

Dilatation and Curettage

Choristoma

Papio anubis

Placenta

Oxytocin

Gene Expression

Epithelial Cells

Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1

Gene Expression Regulation

Adenomyosis

Pregnancy Maintenance

Leiomyoma

Receptors, Estrogen

Medroxyprogesterone

Danazol

Blastocyst

Hysterectomy

Abortion, Habitual

Postmenopause

Menstruation Disturbances

Biopsy