Embryo implantation. Medical search

Endometrial implantation of EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN at the BLASTOCYST stage.

Delay in the attachment and implantation of BLASTOCYST to the uterine ENDOMETRIUM. The blastocyst remains unattached beyond the normal duration thus delaying embryonic development.

The mucous membrane lining of the uterine cavity that is hormonally responsive during the MENSTRUAL CYCLE and PREGNANCY. The endometrium undergoes cyclic changes that characterize MENSTRUATION. After successful FERTILIZATION, it serves to sustain the developing embryo.

The hollow thick-walled muscular organ in the female PELVIS. It consists of the fundus (the body) which is the site of EMBRYO IMPLANTATION and FETAL DEVELOPMENT. Beyond the isthmus at the perineal end of fundus, is CERVIX UTERI (the neck) opening into VAGINA. Beyond the isthmi at the upper abdominal end of fundus, are the FALLOPIAN TUBES.

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

The hormone-responsive glandular layer of ENDOMETRIUM that sloughs off at each menstrual flow (decidua menstrualis) or at the termination of pregnancy. During pregnancy, the thickest part of the decidua forms the maternal portion of the PLACENTA, thus named decidua placentalis. The thin portion of the decidua covering the rest of the embryo is the decidua capsularis.

The entity of a developing mammal (MAMMALS), generally from the cleavage of a ZYGOTE to the end of embryonic differentiation of basic structures. For the human embryo, this represents the first two months of intrauterine development preceding the stages of the FETUS.

Cells lining the outside of the BLASTOCYST. After binding to the ENDOMETRIUM, trophoblasts develop into two distinct layers, an inner layer of mononuclear cytotrophoblasts and an outer layer of continuous multinuclear cytoplasm, the syncytiotrophoblasts, which form the early fetal-maternal interface (PLACENTA).

A post-MORULA preimplantation mammalian embryo that develops from a 32-cell stage into a fluid-filled hollow ball of over a hundred cells. A blastocyst has two distinctive tissues. The outer layer of trophoblasts gives rise to extra-embryonic tissues. The inner cell mass gives rise to the embryonic disc and eventual embryo proper.

The transfer of mammalian embryos from an in vivo or in vitro environment to a suitable host to improve pregnancy or gestational outcome in human or animal. In human fertility treatment programs, preimplantation embryos ranging from the 4-cell stage to the blastocyst stage are transferred to the uterine cavity between 3-5 days after FERTILIZATION IN VITRO.

An assisted reproductive technique that includes the direct handling and manipulation of oocytes and sperm to achieve fertilization in vitro.

The developmental entity of a fertilized egg (ZYGOTE) in animal species other than MAMMALS. For chickens, use CHICK EMBRYO.

Early pregnancy loss during the EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN stage of development. In the human, this period comprises the second through eighth week after fertilization.

An acyclic state that resembles PREGNANCY in that there is no ovarian cycle, ESTROUS CYCLE, or MENSTRUAL CYCLE. Unlike pregnancy, there is no EMBRYO IMPLANTATION. Pseudopregnancy can be experimentally induced to form DECIDUOMA in the UTERUS.

The process of bearing developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero in non-human mammals, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

The developmental entity of a fertilized chicken egg (ZYGOTE). The developmental process begins about 24 h before the egg is laid at the BLASTODISC, a small whitish spot on the surface of the EGG YOLK. After 21 days of incubation, the embryo is fully developed before hatching.

Morphological and physiological development of EMBRYOS.

The development of the PLACENTA, a highly vascularized mammalian fetal-maternal organ and major site of transport of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products between mother and FETUS. The process begins at FERTILIZATION, through the development of CYTOTROPHOBLASTS and SYNCYTIOTROPHOBLASTS, the formation of CHORIONIC VILLI, to the progressive increase in BLOOD VESSELS to support the growing fetus.

Diminished or absent ability of a female to achieve conception.

An INTERLEUKIN-6 related cytokine that exhibits pleiotrophic effects on many physiological systems that involve cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Leukemia inhibitory factor binds to and acts through the lif receptor.

The ratio of the number of conceptions (CONCEPTION) including LIVE BIRTH; STILLBIRTH; and fetal losses, to the mean number of females of reproductive age in a population during a set time period.

A serine endopeptidase found primarily in the EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX. It has specificity for cleavage of a variety of substrates including PRORENIN, pro-membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase, and NEURAL CELL ADHESION MOLECULE L1.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism.

The period from onset of one menstrual bleeding (MENSTRUATION) to the next in an ovulating woman or female primate. The menstrual cycle is regulated by endocrine interactions of the HYPOTHALAMUS; the PITUITARY GLAND; the ovaries; and the genital tract. The menstrual cycle is divided by OVULATION into two phases. Based on the endocrine status of the OVARY, there is a FOLLICULAR PHASE and a LUTEAL PHASE. Based on the response in the ENDOMETRIUM, the menstrual cycle is divided into a proliferative and a secretory phase.

The major progestational steroid that is secreted primarily by the CORPUS LUTEUM and the PLACENTA. Progesterone acts on the UTERUS, the MAMMARY GLANDS and the BRAIN. It is required in EMBRYO IMPLANTATION; PREGNANCY maintenance, and the development of mammary tissue for MILK production. Progesterone, converted from PREGNENOLONE, also serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS.

Connective tissue cells of an organ found in the loose connective tissue. These are most often associated with the uterine mucosa and the ovary as well as the hematopoietic system and elsewhere.

An assisted fertilization technique consisting of the microinjection of a single viable sperm into an extracted ovum. It is used principally to overcome low sperm count, low sperm motility, inability of sperm to penetrate the egg, or other conditions related to male infertility (INFERTILITY, MALE).

The earliest developmental stage of a fertilized ovum (ZYGOTE) during which there are several mitotic divisions within the ZONA PELLUCIDA. Each cleavage or segmentation yields two BLASTOMERES of about half size of the parent cell. This cleavage stage generally covers the period up to 16-cell MORULA.

The most common (>96%) type of ectopic pregnancy in which the extrauterine EMBRYO IMPLANTATION occurs in the FALLOPIAN TUBE, usually in the ampullary region where FERTILIZATION takes place.

Morphological and physiological development of EMBRYOS or FETUSES.

A technique that localizes specific nucleic acid sequences within intact chromosomes, eukaryotic cells, or bacterial cells through the use of specific nucleic acid-labeled probes.

Preservation of cells, tissues, organs, or embryos by freezing. In histological preparations, cryopreservation or cryofixation is used to maintain the existing form, structure, and chemical composition of all the constituent elements of the specimens.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Techniques for the artifical induction of ovulation, the rupture of the follicle and release of the ovum.

Results of conception and ensuing pregnancy, including LIVE BIRTH; STILLBIRTH; SPONTANEOUS ABORTION; INDUCED ABORTION. The outcome may follow natural or artificial insemination or any of the various ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNIQUES, such as EMBRYO TRANSFER or FERTILIZATION IN VITRO.

Transfer of preovulatory oocytes from donor to a suitable host. Oocytes are collected, fertilized in vitro, and transferred to a host that can be human or animal.

Surgical insertion of an electronic hearing device (COCHLEAR IMPLANTS) with electrodes to the COCHLEAR NERVE in the inner ear to create sound sensation in patients with residual nerve fibers.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Diseases involving the FALLOPIAN TUBES including neoplasms (FALLOPIAN TUBE NEOPLASMS); SALPINGITIS; tubo-ovarian abscess; and blockage.

The capacity to conceive or to induce conception. It may refer to either the male or female.

A gonadotropic glycoprotein hormone produced primarily by the PLACENTA. Similar to the pituitary LUTEINIZING HORMONE in structure and function, chorionic gonadotropin is involved in maintaining the CORPUS LUTEUM during pregnancy. CG consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is virtually identical to the alpha subunits of the three pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH, and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity (CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN, BETA SUBUNIT, HUMAN).

Insertion of an artificial lens to replace the natural CRYSTALLINE LENS after CATARACT EXTRACTION or to supplement the natural lens which is left in place.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

The 17-beta-isomer of estradiol, an aromatized C18 steroid with hydroxyl group at 3-beta- and 17-beta-position. Estradiol-17-beta is the most potent form of mammalian estrogenic steroids.

A highly vascularized mammalian fetal-maternal organ and major site of transport of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products. It includes a fetal portion (CHORIONIC VILLI) derived from TROPHOBLASTS and a maternal portion (DECIDUA) derived from the uterine ENDOMETRIUM. The placenta produces an array of steroid, protein and peptide hormones (PLACENTAL HORMONES).

Expulsion of the product of FERTILIZATION before completing the term of GESTATION and without deliberate interference.

Female germ cells derived from OOGONIA and termed OOCYTES when they enter MEIOSIS. The primary oocytes begin meiosis but are arrested at the diplotene state until OVULATION at PUBERTY to give rise to haploid secondary oocytes or ova (OVUM).

A pair of highly specialized muscular canals extending from the UTERUS to its corresponding OVARY. They provide the means for OVUM collection, and the site for the final maturation of gametes and FERTILIZATION. The fallopian tube consists of an interstitium, an isthmus, an ampulla, an infundibulum, and fimbriae. Its wall consists of three histologic layers: serous, muscular, and an internal mucosal layer lined with both ciliated and secretory cells.

Undifferentiated cells resulting from cleavage of a fertilized egg (ZYGOTE). Inside the intact ZONA PELLUCIDA, each cleavage yields two blastomeres of about half size of the parent cell. Up to the 8-cell stage, all of the blastomeres are totipotent. The 16-cell MORULA contains outer cells and inner cells.

Trihydroxy derivatives of eicosanoic acids. They are primarily derived from arachidonic acid, however eicosapentaenoic acid derivatives also exist. Many of them are naturally occurring mediators of immune regulation.

An agent derived from licorice root. It is used for the treatment of digestive tract ulcers, especially in the stomach. Antidiuretic side effects are frequent, but otherwise the drug is low in toxicity.

Compounds which increase the capacity to conceive in females.

Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.

The reproductive organ (GONADS) in female animals. In vertebrates, the ovary contains two functional parts: the OVARIAN FOLLICLE for the production of female germ cells (OOGENESIS); and the endocrine cells (GRANULOSA CELLS; THECA CELLS; and LUTEAL CELLS) for the production of ESTROGENS and PROGESTERONE.

The surgical removal of one or both ovaries.

A device designed to stimulate, by electric impulses, contraction of the heart muscles. It may be temporary (external) or permanent (internal or internal-external).

A decapeptide that stimulates the synthesis and secretion of both pituitary gonadotropins, LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE. GnRH is produced by neurons in the septum PREOPTIC AREA of the HYPOTHALAMUS and released into the pituitary portal blood, leading to stimulation of GONADOTROPHS in the ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

Non-human animals, selected because of specific characteristics, for use in experimental research, teaching, or testing.

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation.

The period in the MENSTRUAL CYCLE that follows OVULATION, characterized by the development of CORPUS LUTEUM, increase in PROGESTERONE production by the OVARY and secretion by the glandular epithelium of the ENDOMETRIUM. The luteal phase begins with ovulation and ends with the onset of MENSTRUATION.

Devices that provide support for tubular structures that are being anastomosed or for body cavities during skin grafting.

The plan and delineation of prostheses in general or a specific prosthesis.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

Endogenous or exogenous substances which inhibit the normal growth of human and animal cells or micro-organisms, as distinguished from those affecting plant growth (= PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS).

Surface ligands, usually glycoproteins, that mediate cell-to-cell adhesion. Their functions include the assembly and interconnection of various vertebrate systems, as well as maintenance of tissue integration, wound healing, morphogenic movements, cellular migrations, and metastasis.

The period of cyclic physiological and behavior changes in non-primate female mammals that exhibit ESTRUS. The estrous cycle generally consists of 4 or 5 distinct periods corresponding to the endocrine status (PROESTRUS; ESTRUS; METESTRUS; DIESTRUS; and ANESTRUS).

The age of the conceptus, beginning from the time of FERTILIZATION. In clinical obstetrics, the gestational age is often estimated as the time from the last day of the last MENSTRUATION which is about 2 weeks before OVULATION and fertilization.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells.

An early embryo that is a compact mass of about 16 BLASTOMERES. It resembles a cluster of mulberries with two types of cells, outer cells and inner cells. Morula is the stage before BLASTULA in non-mammalian animals or a BLASTOCYST in mammals.

The fertilized OVUM resulting from the fusion of a male and a female gamete.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

Materials fabricated by BIOMIMETICS techniques, i.e., based on natural processes found in biological systems.

Specific proteins found in or on cells of progesterone target tissues that specifically combine with progesterone. The cytosol progesterone-receptor complex then associates with the nucleic acids to initiate protein synthesis. There are two kinds of progesterone receptors, A and B. Both are induced by estrogen and have short half-lives.

One or more layers of EPITHELIAL CELLS, supported by the basal lamina, which covers the inner or outer surfaces of the body.

The yellow body derived from the ruptured OVARIAN FOLLICLE after OVULATION. The process of corpus luteum formation, LUTEINIZATION, is regulated by LUTEINIZING HORMONE.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Mature male germ cells derived from SPERMATIDS. As spermatids move toward the lumen of the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES, they undergo extensive structural changes including the loss of cytoplasm, condensation of CHROMATIN into the SPERM HEAD, formation of the ACROSOME cap, the SPERM MIDPIECE and the SPERM TAIL that provides motility.

The period in the ESTROUS CYCLE associated with maximum sexual receptivity and fertility in non-primate female mammals.

Utilization or disposal of an embryo that is fertilized but not immediately transplanted and resulting course of action.

Artificial substitutes for body parts, and materials inserted into tissue for functional, cosmetic, or therapeutic purposes. Prostheses can be functional, as in the case of artificial arms and legs, or cosmetic, as in the case of an artificial eye. Implants, all surgically inserted or grafted into the body, tend to be used therapeutically. IMPLANTS, EXPERIMENTAL is available for those used experimentally.

A pathological constriction that can occur above (supravalvular stenosis), below (subvalvular stenosis), or at the AORTIC VALVE. It is characterized by restricted outflow from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the AORTA.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

The techniques used to select and/or place only one embryo from FERTILIZATION IN VITRO into the uterine cavity to establish a singleton pregnancy.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Compounds that interact with ESTROGEN RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of ESTRADIOL. Estrogens stimulate the female reproductive organs, and the development of secondary female SEX CHARACTERISTICS. Estrogenic chemicals include natural, synthetic, steroidal, or non-steroidal compounds.

Stents that are covered with materials that are embedded with chemicals that are gradually released into the surrounding milieu.

An exotic species of the family CYPRINIDAE, originally from Asia, that has been introduced in North America. They are used in embryological studies and to study the effects of certain chemicals on development.

Implantable devices which continuously monitor the electrical activity of the heart and automatically detect and terminate ventricular tachycardia (TACHYCARDIA, VENTRICULAR) and VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION. They consist of an impulse generator, batteries, and electrodes.

Culture media containing biologically active components obtained from previously cultured cells or tissues that have released into the media substances affecting certain cell functions (e.g., growth, lysis).

An endopeptidase that is structurally similar to MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE 2. It degrades GELATIN types I and V; COLLAGEN TYPE IV; and COLLAGEN TYPE V.

The developmental stage that follows BLASTULA or BLASTOCYST. It is characterized by the morphogenetic cell movements including invagination, ingression, and involution. Gastrulation begins with the formation of the PRIMITIVE STREAK, and ends with the formation of three GERM LAYERS, the body plan of the mature organism.

Artificial implanted lenses.

Methods of maintaining or growing biological materials in controlled laboratory conditions. These include the cultures of CELLS; TISSUES; organs; or embryo in vitro. Both animal and plant tissues may be cultured by a variety of methods. Cultures may derive from normal or abnormal tissues, and consist of a single cell type or mixed cell types.

Procedures in which placement of CARDIAC CATHETERS is performed for therapeutic or diagnostic procedures.

The processes occurring in early development that direct morphogenesis. They specify the body plan ensuring that cells will proceed to differentiate, grow, and diversify in size and shape at the correct relative positions. Included are axial patterning, segmentation, compartment specification, limb position, organ boundary patterning, blood vessel patterning, etc.

Soluble protein factors generated by activated lymphocytes that affect other cells, primarily those involved in cellular immunity.

Surgically placed electric conductors through which ELECTRIC STIMULATION is delivered to or electrical activity is recorded from a specific point inside the body.

A positive regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

Detection of RNA that has been electrophoretically separated and immobilized by blotting on nitrocellulose or other type of paper or nylon membrane followed by hybridization with labeled NUCLEIC ACID PROBES.

Regulatory proteins and peptides that are signaling molecules involved in the process of PARACRINE COMMUNICATION. They are generally considered factors that are expressed by one cell and are responded to by receptors on another nearby cell. They are distinguished from HORMONES in that their actions are local rather than distal.

Prosthesis, usually heart valve, composed of biological material and whose durability depends upon the stability of the material after pretreatment, rather than regeneration by host cell ingrowth. Durability is achieved 1, mechanically by the interposition of a cloth, usually polytetrafluoroethylene, between the host and the graft, and 2, chemically by stabilization of the tissue by intermolecular linking, usually with glutaraldehyde, after removal of antigenic components, or the use of reconstituted and restructured biopolymers.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Embryonic and fetal development that takes place in an artificial environment in vitro.

Surgical insertion of cylindric hydraulic devices for the treatment of organic ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

An inducibly-expressed subtype of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase. It plays an important role in many cellular processes and INFLAMMATION. It is the target of COX2 INHIBITORS.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

Recurrent narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery following surgical procedures performed to alleviate a prior obstruction.

A species of the genus MACACA inhabiting India, China, and other parts of Asia. The species is used extensively in biomedical research and adapts very well to living with humans.

Small pumps, often implantable, designed for temporarily assisting the heart, usually the LEFT VENTRICLE, to pump blood. They consist of a pumping chamber and a power source, which may be partially or totally external to the body and activated by electromagnetic motors.

Small containers or pellets of a solid drug implanted in the body to achieve sustained release of the drug.

The development of anatomical structures to create the form of a single- or multi-cell organism. Morphogenesis provides form changes of a part, parts, or the whole organism.

The determination of the pattern of genes expressed at the level of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.

The valve between the left ventricle and the ascending aorta which prevents backflow into the left ventricle.

The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.

The formation of one or more genetically identical organisms derived by vegetative reproduction from a single cell. The source nuclear material can be embryo-derived, fetus-derived, or taken from an adult somatic cell.

The outer of the three germ layers of an embryo.

The middle germ layer of an embryo derived from three paired mesenchymal aggregates along the neural tube.

One of the ESTROGEN RECEPTORS that has marked affinity for ESTRADIOL. Its expression and function differs from, and in some ways opposes, ESTROGEN RECEPTOR BETA.

Experimentation on, or using the organs or tissues from, a human or other mammalian conceptus during the prenatal stage of development that is characterized by rapid morphological changes and the differentiation of basic structures. In humans, this includes the period from the time of fertilization to the end of the eighth week after fertilization.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation of cytokines thereby inhibiting cytokine production. It is bioactive only when bound to IMMUNOPHILINS. Sirolimus is a potent immunosuppressant and possesses both antifungal and antineoplastic properties.

Surgical insertion of BLOOD VESSEL PROSTHESES to repair injured or diseased blood vessels.

Methods of implanting a CELL NUCLEUS from a donor cell into an enucleated acceptor cell.

The potential of the FETUS to survive outside the UTERUS after birth, natural or induced. Fetal viability depends largely on the FETAL ORGAN MATURITY, and environmental conditions.

An ultrastructural study of implantation in the golden hamster. II. Trophoblastic invasion and removal of the uterine epithelium. (1/2169)

Sixty six implantation sites from 18 golden hamsters were examined with light and electron microscopy between 4 and 5 1/2 days of pregnancy (post-ovulation). At 4 days some blastocysts began to invade the uterine epithelium, with trophoblastic processes penetrating and engulfing portions of the uterine epithelium. The majority of epithelial cells appeared normal before invasion, although at two implantation sites three or four adjoining epithelial cells were necrotic before penetration by the trophoblast. In general the epithelial cells were degenerating at the time the trophoblast invaded the epithelium. Inclusions, representing portions of the engulfed epithelium, and varying in size and electron density, were present throughout the invading trophoblast cells at 4 1/2 and 5 days of pregnancy. At 5 1/2 days the uterine epithelium had disappeared and the embryo was now almost completely surrounded by blood lacunae. (+info)

Molecular control of the implantation window. (2/2169)

Human endometrium is the end organ of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Therefore, endometrium is susceptible to changes in the cases of infertility that originate from disturbances in the normal functioning of this axis. In addition, some cases of unexplained infertility may be due to altered endometrial function. This disturbed endometrial function may originate from lesions in the molecular repertoire that are crucial to implantation. Human endometrium becomes receptive to implantation by the blastocyst within a defined period during the menstrual cycle. The duration of this so-called 'endometrial receptivity' or 'implantation' period seems to span from few days after ovulation to several days prior to menstruation. Successful implantation results from a co-ordinated series of events that would allow establishment of a timely dialogue between a receptive endometrium and an intrusive blastocyst. The members of the molecular repertoire that make endometrium receptive to implantation are gradually being recognized. Among these are the cytokines, integrins, heat shock proteins, tastin and trophinin. In addition, the expression of a second set of genes including tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and ebaf, may be the appropriate signal for the closure of the 'implantation window', for making the endometrium refractory to implantation and for preparing it for the menstrual shedding. (+info)

Utero-ovarian interaction in the regulation of reproductive function. (3/2169)

The physiological regulation of fertile reproductive cycle in mammals depends on interactions between hypothalamus-pituitary, ovarian and uterine stimuli. Over the past 20 years, much has been learned about the interrelation between the affluent and effluent lymph and vascular drainage in and around both ovarian and uterine tissues. An essential feature in the regulation of the fertile cycle is the functional status of the ovary, particularly the corpus luteum. During the time of implantation and the early pregnancy, an active corpus luteum is essential. As human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) is important in the maintenance of the corpus luteum, we investigated if it was produced by the cyclic endometrium. Immunohistochemical and in-situ hybridization reactions were performed but neither identified the presence of HCG during the proliferative phase. Positive staining and beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin (beta-HCG) mRNA were observed during the secretory phase in the glandular cells of the endometrium. The results were confirmed by Western blotting of secretory phase endometrium extracts and assessment of the functional secretory capacity of primary endometrial cultures. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) investigations showed a positive result in the secretory phase. We postulate that, based on the very close morphological interrelation between the uterus and the ovary, the beta-HCG of the endometrium is the primary factor for the maintenance of the corpus luteum and early pregnancy. (+info)

Role of proteases in implantation. (4/2169)

Implantation of the embryo into the endometrium is a critical step in the establishment of pregnancy and the failure of embryos to implant is a major limiting factor in the success of reproductive technologies. Furthermore, one or more of the molecules of importance at implantation could provide a suitable target for post-coital contraception. While there is considerable species variation in the extent to which the trophoblast invades the maternal endometrium and makes contact with the maternal blood supply, many of the molecular mechanisms are conserved among species. Three families of protease are involved in the matrix degradation required for implantation: the cysteine, serine and matrix metalloproteinases. Other proteases are required for the activation of regulatory molecules. Although trophoblast from all species appears to have a high invasive potential, this is limited by the presence of partner protease inhibitors, the presence of which provides restraint to this invasion. It is the balance between the proteases and their inhibitors at any focal point that determines the site and extent of trophoblast invasion. This review examines the literature regarding proteases and their inhibitors at early implantation sites across a range of species with very different forms of placentation and evaluates their common features and their dissimilarities. (+info)

Expression of calcium binding protein D-9k messenger RNA in the mouse uterine endometrium during implantation. (5/2169)

To investigate the molecular mechanisms of implantation, we constructed a cDNA library of mouse uteri enriched with pregnancy-induced genes by subtractive hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). One of the isolated clones was the cDNA for the calcium binding protein D-9k (Cabp9k), which is considered to regulate intracytoplasmic concentration and transport of free calcium ions. Northern blot and in-situ hybridization analyses demonstrated that the Cabp9k mRNA was expressed in the endometrial epithelia, both luminal and glandular, in the uterus at the time of implantation. On pregnancy day 5 it was detected in the luminal, but not in the glandular, epithelia. In the oophorectomized adult mice, progesterone enhanced Cabp9k mRNA expression in the uterus, whereas oestrogen did not. Consistent with this, a nucleotide change was identified in the first intron of mouse Cabp9k gene corresponding to the oestrogen responsive element in the rat Cabp9k gene. Transfer of embryos into the uterine cavity of pseudopregnant mice reduced the expression of Cabp9k mRNA in the glandular epithelium, suggesting that Cabp9k mRNA expression is also regulated by embryonal signal(s). These findings demonstrated that Cabp9k mRNA is expressed in the endometrial epithelia during the implantation period under the control of progesterone and the presence of embryo, and suggest that CaBP9k plays a role in implantation by regulating the local calcium concentrations. (+info)

Intraperitoneal insemination of the guinea pig with synchronized estrus induced by progesterone implant. (6/2169)

Female guinea pigs with synchronized ovulation by means of implantation of progesterone-filled tubing (P-tube) followed by a progesterone injection, were inseminated by intraperitoneal injection with sperm suspension. First, to obtain the optimum conditions for insemination, the females were inseminated singly over the range of 1-10 x 10(7) spermatozoa before and after the synchronized ovulation. The incidence of conception and implantation was 100% in the females given more than 5 x 10(7)/animal at 9:00 h on the 5th day after removal of the P-tube. Second, the reproductive ability of the inseminated females under this optimal condition was observed throughout the pregnancy to delivery. Inseminated females had a mean +/- S.D. gestation period of 68.7 +/- 0.5 days, a litter size of 2.8 +/- 0.6 pups and body weight of 110 +/- 14 g. These data were comparable to those of naturally-mated females. Our findings suggest that the artificial insemination by intraperitoneal injection in combination with the synchronized estrus technique is very useful for production control in a small colony of guinea pigs. (+info)

Matrilysin activity in the rat uterus during the oestrous cycle and implantation. (7/2169)

The objective of this study was to follow changes in the activity of the small matrix metalloproteinase matrilysin (MMP-7) in the rat uterus during the oestrous cycle and embryo implantation. Matrilysin was extracted from rat uteri, partially purified and separated into active and latent forms. The two forms of the enzyme were quantified at all stages of the oestrous cycle and after oestradiol and progesterone treatment. The activity was also measured during the first 7 days of pregnancy. Both latent and active forms of MMP-7 reached a peak during the pro-oestrous stage of the cycle; the concentrations were three times higher than at dioestrus and metoestrus. In rats treated with 0.1 mg oestradiol at metoestrus, both latent and active forms of the enzyme increased by more than two-fold after 24 h. In rats treated at pro-oestrus with 0.4 mg progesterone, there was a 70% increase in latent MMP-7, but no change in the active form. The highest concentrations of MMP-7 were observed on the first day of pregnancy. Between days 3 and 7 of pregnancy, the concentrations were relatively constant and comparable to the low concentrations at dioestrus. Enzyme activities were not different at implantation sites compared with remote sites. (+info)

Regulated expression of cadherin-11 in human extravillous cytotrophoblasts undergoing aggregation and fusion in response to transforming growth factor beta 1. (8/2169)

Transforming growth factor beta 1 is believed to be a key regulator of extravillous cytotrophoblast invasion during the first trimester of pregnancy. In addition, this growth factor has been shown to regulate cellular differentiation and fusion in cultured extravillous cytotrophoblasts. To date, the cellular mechanisms by which transforming growth factor beta 1 promotes these developmental processes remain poorly understood. Recent studies indicate that the expression of the novel cadherin subtype, known as cadherin-11, is associated with the terminal differentiation and fusion of villous cytotrophoblasts isolated from the human term placenta and human myoblasts in vitro. In this study, cadherin-11 mRNA and protein expression were examined in primary cultures of human extravillous cytotrophoblasts cultured in the presence of increasing concentrations of transforming growth factor beta 1 using northern and western blot analysis, respectively. Transforming growth factor beta 1 was shown to increase cadherin-11 mRNA and protein expression in these cultured extravillous cytotrophoblasts in a dose-dependent manner. Cadherin-11 was further localized to the large cellular aggregates and multinucleated cells that formed in response to increasing concentrations of transforming growth factor beta 1 using immunocytochemistry. Collectively, these observations suggest that the morphogenetic effects of transforming growth factor beta 1 on cultured extravillous cytotrophoblasts are mediated, at least in part, by an increase in cadherin-11 expression. This study not only adds to the understanding of the cellular mechanisms by which transforming growth factor beta 1 promotes trophoblast differentiation and fusion but provides useful insight into the cell biology of the cadherins. (+info)

Udo R. Markert (1 January 2005). Immunology of Gametes and Embryo Implantation. Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. pp. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satish_K._Gupta

Immunology of Gametes and Embryo Implantation. Chem Immunol Allergy. Chemical Immunology and Allergy, 2005. 88. pp. 128-138. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cum_shot

M. Rissardo; S. Lee (2004). "Embryo implantation: is TNF-alpha the key?". Biomedical Scientist. 48: 1079-1085. S. Lee (2005). " ... Lee also had a keen interest in ethics and expressed this at UCL by running a course titled "Ethics of Fertility and Embryo ... Lee also wrote an article in the Sunday Times (10 November 2002) in the aftermath of a number of high-profile embryo transfer ... Lee changed his focus to embryos, when he realised that many of the questions framed by his Neuroscience research were rooted ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sammy_Lee_(scientist)

Aghajanova L (December 2004). "Leukemia inhibitory factor and human embryo implantation". Annals of the New York Academy of ... Aghajanova L (December 2004). "Leukemia inhibitory factor and human embryo implantation". Annals of the New York Academy of ... the embryo-endometrial cytokine cross talk during implantation--a delicate homeostatic equilibrium". Folia Microbiologica. 50 ( ... p53 regulated LIF has been shown to facilitate implantation in the mouse model and possibly in humans. It has been suggested ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukemia_inhibitory_factor

After implantation, facehuggers die and the embryo's host wakes up afterward, showing no considerable outward negative symptoms ... Recalling the facehugger's method of embryo implantation, the Predalien uses its inner mouth to directly deposit multiple ... they do this thing with embryo implantation.. the idea with that was, how does a baby queen quickly form her own little mini- ... Once the Alien embryo is implanted, the facehugger will remain attached until the implant is secure, which can take anywhere ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alien_(creature_in_Alien_franchise)

Implantation is critical to the survival and development of the early human embryo. It establishes a connection between the ... After five or six days it is much easier to determine which embryos will result in healthy live births. Knowing which embryos ... However at this stage of development it is very difficult to predict which embryos will develop best, and several embryos were ... it is much easier to give embryos the correct nutrients to sustain them into the blastocyst phase. Blastocyst implantation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blastocyst

"Implantation". University of Wyoming. Retrieved 2008-04-05. Daniel, J.C., Jr. (Apr 1970). "Dormant embryos of mammals". ... Desmarais, J.A.; V. Bordignon; F.L. Lopes; L.C. Smith; B.D. Murph (2004). "The escape of the mink embryo from obligate diapause ... If a female copulates while still lactating for a previous litter, the suckling stimulus will cause the embryos to enter into ... Obligate diapause is also known as seasonal delayed implantation and is a mechanism that allows mammals to time the birth of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embryonic_diapause

implantation bleeding that occurs at implantation of the embryo in the uterus during the third or fourth week after last ... Ectopic pregnancy, implantation of the embryo outside the uterus.. *Hyperemesis gravidarum, excessive nausea and vomiting that ... Early obstetric ultrasound, comparing the size of an embryo or fetus to that of a reference group of pregnancies of known ... After about ten weeks of gestational age, the embryo becomes known as a fetus. At the beginning of the fetal stage, the risk of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child-bearing

Ectopic pregnancy is implantation of the embryo outside the uterus *Caused by: Unknown, but risk factors include smoking, ... The embryo and fetus have little or no immune function. They depend on the immune function of their mother. Several pathogens ... Often microorganisms that produce minor illness in the mother are very dangerous for the developing embryo or fetus. This can ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complications_of_pregnancy

Some scientists believe hormonal methods may have a secondary effect of interfering with implantation of embryos.[citation ... Embryo loss. Notes[edit]. *^ a b c "The Implications of Defining When a Woman Is Pregnant". The Guttmacher Report on Public ... LPD is believed to interfere with the implantation of embryos.[32]. *Natural Family Planning (NFP) methods are intended to ... makes the uterine lining hostile to implantation and as such may prevent implantation after fertilization.[32] Some pro-choice ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beginning_of_pregnancy_controversy

The loss of the corpus luteum can be prevented by implantation of an embryo: after implantation, human embryos produce human ... LPD is believed to interfere with the implantation of embryos. The lactational amenorrhea method of birth control works ... Because the hormone is unique to the embryo, most pregnancy tests look for the presence of hCG.[3] If implantation occurs, the ... Wilcox AJ, Baird DD, Weinberg CR (June 1999). "Time of implantation of the conceptus and loss of pregnancy". The New England ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luteal_phase

... growth and genetics of the early human embryo developing in culture; uterine fluid composition and embryo implantation in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruth_Fowler_Edwards

"Interferon synthesis in the early post-implantation mouse embryo". Differentiation. 27: 229-35. doi:10.1111/j.1432-0436.1984. ... to study the interferon response to virus infections in mouse embryos. She obtained a PhD in the area of mouse developmental ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denise_P._Barlow

Rather, embryos are believed to produce some other chemical that induces the maternal system to create EPF. After implantation ... EPF is useful when investigating embryo loss prior to implantation. One study in healthy human women seeking pregnancy detected ... Along with other substances associated with early embryos, EPF is believed to play a role in preventing the immune system of ... Wilcox AJ, Baird DD, Weinberg CR (Jun 1999). "Time of implantation of the conceptus and loss of pregnancy". The New England ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GroES

The Male Role in Pregnancy Loss and Embryo Implantation Failure. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 868. pp. 23-47 ... can have serious deleterious effects on fertility and the developing embryo. Human sperm cells are particularly vulnerable to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sperm

The Male Role in Pregnancy Loss and Embryo Implantation Failure. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 868. pp. 23-47 ... A zygote is a single cell, with a complete set of chromosomes, that normally develops into an embryo.) Sperm cells contribute ... can have serious deleterious effects on fertility and the developing embryo. Human spermatozoa are particularly vulnerable to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatozoon

The Human Embryo before Implantation: Scientific Aspects and Bioethical Considerations. Rome: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2009 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elio_Sgreccia

"Exencephalia Following X-Irradiation of the Pre-Implantation Mammallan Embryo." Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental ... 1959). "Exencephalia Following X-Irradiation of the Pre-Implantation Mammallan Embryo." Journal of Neuropathology & ... "Can the mammalian embryo be killed by X‐irradiation?." Journal of Experimental Zoology 151.3 (1962): 227-243. Rugh, Roberts, et ... "Developmental Effects Resulting from Exposure to X-Rays: I. Effect on the Embryo of Irradiation of Frog Sperm." Proceedings of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberts_Rugh

Article on the role of trypsin in the implantation of human embryos.CS1 maint: postscript (link) The MEROPS online database for ... February 2014). "Uterine selection of human embryos at implantation". Scientific Reports. 4: 3894. Bibcode:2014NatSR...4E3894B ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trypsin

The embryo becomes embedded in the endometrium in a process called implantation. In most successful pregnancies, the embryo ... The embryo spends the next few days traveling down the Fallopian tube. It starts out as a single cell zygote and then divides ... By the end of the tenth week of gestational age the embryo has acquired its basic form and is referred to as a fetus. The next ... Wilcox AJ, Baird DD, Weinberg CR (1999). "Time of implantation of the conceptus and loss of pregnancy". N. Engl. J. Med. 340 ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perinatal

The embryo becomes embedded in the endometrium in a process called implantation. In most successful pregnancies, the embryo ... By the end of the tenth week of gestational age the embryo has acquired its basic form and is referred to as a fetus. The next ... Wilcox AJ, Baird DD, Weinberg CR (1999). "Time of implantation of the conceptus and loss of pregnancy". N. Engl. J. Med. 340 ( ... Wilcox AJ, Baird DD, Weinberg CR (June 1999). "Time of implantation of the conceptus and loss of pregnancy". N. Engl. J. Med. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prenatal_Development

"Novel embryo selection techniques to increase embryo implantation in IVF attempts". Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 294 ... Each fertilized egg (zygote) may produce a single embryo, or it may split into two or more embryos, each carrying the same ... Medical practitioners are doing this by limiting the number of embryos per embryo transfer to one or two. That way, the risks ... The appropriate number of embryos to be transferred depends on the age of the woman, whether it is the first, second or third ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_birth

By October, the uterine horns of pregnant females grow to 15-22 millimetres (0.59-0.87 in). By late December, the embryos weigh ... Similar to brown bears, Asian black bears have delayed implantation. Sows usually give birth in caves or hollow trees in winter ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asian_black_bear

This gene has its primary role after implantation of the developing embryo. It is expressed in trophoblast cells on the ... ASCL2 is particularly important during implantation of the developing embryo, specifically in placental development and ... If a null allele is inherited, the embryo will fail to develop. Insufficient Ascl2 function is also associated with a placenta ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCL2

Early images show sperm proceeding toward an ovum; cell division, implantation, and the development of the embryo are then ... "Images of Embryos Used by Anti-Abortion Activists". DevBio: a companion to Development Biology, 8th edition, by Scott F. ... The book consists of photographs charting the development of the human embryo and fetus from conception to birth; it is ... A Child Is Born feature at the Making Visible Embryos project, History and Philosophy of Science Department, University of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Child_Is_Born_(book)

2017). "Embryo‐maternal dialogue during pregnancy establishment and implantation in the pig". Molecular Reproduction and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestic_pig

Ai Z, Jing W, Fang L (2016). "Cytokine-Like Protein 1(Cytl1): A Potential Molecular Mediator in Embryo Implantation". PLOS ONE ... work as a regulatory factor in embryo implantation in the stage of early pregnancy. This family of proteins, C17, is found in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CYTL1

Robertson SA, Chin PY, Glynn DJ, Thompson JG (2011) Peri-conceptual cytokines-setting the trajectory for embryo implantation, ... with respect to the implantation of embryos, placental development and outcomes of reproduction. Robertson's work has described ... setting the trajectory for embryo implantation, pregnancy and beyond". American Journal of Reproductive Immunology. 66 Suppl 1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Robertson_(academic)

... embryo cryopreservation, micromanipulative procedures to improve embryo development and implantation, and embryo selection ... The institute is also the first develop a test to detect chromosome translocations in human embryos to increase the success ... 2009 RESEARCHERS SAY EMBRYOS IN LABS AREN'T AVAILABLE, NY Times, , August 26, 2001 - accessed July 11, 2009 Daniel A. Potter, ... in this field including a possibility that a child may have genes from more than two adults and the usage of human embryos. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Barnabas_Medical_Center

genetically modified plants (plants modified by the deliberate implantation of genetic material) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultigen

The zebrafish has transparent embryos that can be injected with DNA or RNA and has a lifespan of up to two years.[79] Induced ... One 2016 review of stem-cell therapy trials found tentative evidence that intraspinal stem cell implantation was relatively ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lou_Gehrig's_disease

The abortion debate most commonly relates to the "induced abortion" of an embryo or fetus at some point in a pregnancy, which ... issued a medical bulletin accepting a recommendation from 6 years earlier which clarified that conception is implantation, not ... "Obama to Immediately Abolish Mexico City Policy, Likely Fund Embryo Research, Aides Confirm". Archived from the original on 22 ... fertilization; and consequently birth control methods that prevented implantation became classified as contraceptives, not ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_States

Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD)[edit]. PGD is a process in which one or two cells from an embryo on Day 3 or Day 5 are ... The procedure involves creating a hole in the zona to improve the chances of normal implantation of the embryo in the uterus.[ ... People who have experienced repeated failed implantation or who have a thick zona pellucida (covering around the embryo) are ... Live birth rate are significantly higher with progesterone to assist implantation in ICSI cycles.[26] Also, addition of a GNRH ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intracytoplasmic_sperm_injection?wprov=sfla1

The membrane has no hair follicles or sweat glands, except between the fingers.[54][56] For bat embryos, apoptosis (cell death ... Other species exhibit delayed implantation, in which the egg is fertilised after mating, but remains free in the reproductive ... fertilisation and implantation both occur, but development of the foetus is delayed until good conditions prevail. During the ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bat

Development of the breasts during the prenatal stage of life is independent of biological sex and sex hormones.[20] During embryonic development, the breast buds, in which networks of tubules are formed, are generated from the ectoderm.[21] These rudimentary tubules will eventually become the matured lactiferous (milk) ducts, which connect the lobules (milk "containers") of the breast, grape-like clusters of alveoli, to the nipples.[22] Until puberty, the tubule networks of the breast buds remain rudimentary and quiescent,[1] and the male and female breast do not show any differences.[20] During puberty in females, estrogen, in conjunction with GH/IGF-1, through activation of ERα specifically (and notably not ERβ or GPER),[23][24] causes growth of and transformation of the tubules into the matured ductal system of the breasts.[20][21][25] Under the influence of estrogen, the ducts sprout and elongate, and terminal end buds (TEBs), bulbous structures at the tips of the ducts, penetrate into the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breast_development

... and the embryo is referred to as a fetus. True implantation - invasion into the endometrium of any sort - does not occur until ... Embryo Transfer: This relatively new method involves flushing out the mare's fertilized embryo a few days following ... Effects of exercise on embryo recovery rates and embryo quality in the horse. Animal Repro. Sci. 94:395-397 ... "Embryo Transfer" Archived 2008-04-15 at the Wayback Machine. *^ Galli, Cesare, Roberto Duchi, Silvia Colleoni, Irina Lagutina, ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_breeding

... able to interfere with a fertilized egg's implantation in the uterine wall.[105] The labeling mandated by the U.S. Food and ... which involves the extraction of one or more cells from a human embryo.[9] The Christian right supports research with adult ... as they view the harvesting of biological material from an embryo lacking the ability to give permission as an assault on a ... many scientists believe that they work only by interfering with ovulation and are arguing to have the implantation language ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_right

... preventing the encounter of healthy gametes and the formation of viable embryos. The current data do not indicate that embryos ... Both copper IUDs and levonorgestrel releasing IUSs may interfere with implantation. *^ Hatcher, Robert A. (2011). Contraceptive ... They can also thin the endometrial lining and potentially impair implantation but this is not the usual function.[72][73] ... The common belief that the usual mechanism of action of IUDs in women is destruction of embryos in the uterus is not supported ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormonal_IUDs

embryo implantation. • aging. • feeding behavior. • regulation of blood pressure. • response to heat. • negative regulation of ...

https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/کلسی_تونین

After implantation, around the second to third week the developing embryo consists of three layers: endoderm, mesoderm and ... Children may also present cases of abnormal ear canals and low ear implantation.[15] In rare cases no pinna is formed (atresia ... The ear develops from the first pharyngeal pouch and six small swellings that develop in the early embryo called otic placodes ... Closer to the back of the embryo, they form what will become the utricle and semicircular canals. Closer to the front of the ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ear

... methylprednisolone may be prescribed to prevent the body from rejecting the embryos being transferred, up to the time of ... implantation.[9][10] Side effects[edit]. This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solu-Medrol

Implantation of stem cells from culture into an existing tissue structure Implantation of stem cells into a tissue scaffold ... Fresh cell therapy is mainly the use of live animal embryo organs cells which are injected into the patient with the purpose of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rejuvenation_(aging)

... are activated and produced in high quantities during the implantation of the embryo. They are currently known to possess ... to limit exchange of migratory cells between the developing embryo and the body of the mother (something an epithelium can't do ... immunosuppressive properties, suggesting a role in protecting the embryo from its mother's immune system. Also, viral fusion ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acquired_immunity

In the late 1970s, intraocular lens implantation was often followed by severe corneal edema, due to endothelial cell damage ... "The effects of Streptomyces hyaluronidase on tissue organization and cell cycle time in rat embryos". J Embryol Exp Morphol. 98 ... 1. Miller D, O'Connor P, William J: Use of Na-Hyaluronate during intraocular lens implantation in rabbits. Ophthal Surg. 8:58- ... saw evidence that the host and engineered vessels joined within 2 weeks of implantation, indicating viability and functionality ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyaluronic_acid

Late blastocyst stage, after implantation[13] 5 X-reactivation in primordial germ cells before meiosis From before ... Inactivation occurs in the epiblast during gastrulation, which gives rise to the embryo.[20] Inactivation occurs on a cellular ... Steps 1-4 can be studied in in vitro fertilized embryos, and in differentiating stem cells; X-reactivation happens in the ... imprinted inactivation of the paternally-derived X chromosome in 4-8 cell stage embryos.[7][8][9][10] The extraembryonic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-chromosome_inactivation

A worldwide shortage of organs for clinical implantation causes about 20-35% of patients who need replacement organs to die on ... In the field of regenerative medicine, pancreatogenesis- or nephrogenesis-disabled pig embryos, unable to form a specific organ ... implantation breaches the physical barrier that normally helps to prevent disease transmission, (2) the recipient of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenozoonosis

... "morally significant is the large proportion of embryos lost before and during the process of implantation,"[80] estimated at 70 ... Embryos[edit]. See also: Stem cell controversy. The Church considers the destruction of any embryo to be equivalent to abortion ... Abortion was viewed as a sin, but not as murder, until the embryo was animated by a human soul.[33] In On Virginal Conception ... "The Tradition of Probabilism and the Moral Status of the Early Embryo" (PDF). Theological Studies. Retrieved 4 July 2017.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_and_the_Catholic_Church

... as the post-implantation embryo and its surrounding membranes.[29] The term "conception" is not usually used in scientific ... Embryonic implantation not in the uterine wall results in an ectopic pregnancy that can kill the mother. ... Raghavan, Valayamghat (2006). Double fertilization: embryo and endosperm development in flowering plant. Berlin: Springer- ... Its use 'conception' by some to refer to implantation makes it a subject of semantic arguments about the beginning of pregnancy ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilization

... and implantation. After more than 100 attempts a pregnancy was obtained which was carried to term. Now the technique, as used ... impregnating it with sperm and planting the resulting embryo back into the mother. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Steptoe

... and copper IUDs which prevent the implantation of an embryo. Because they believe that the term "pregnancy" should be defined ... An embryo gets its nourishment off the uterine wall and dies if not attached. The Catholic Church endorses this view,[14] but ... Advocates generally argue that human life begins at conception and that the human zygote (or embryo or fetus) is a person and ... Abortion opponents generally believe that human life should be valued either from fertilization or implantation until natural ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_pro-life_movement

In placental mammals this process of gestation occurs inside the reproductive system of the mother of the embryo. Immunity that ... Hearn, JP; AA Gidley-Baird; JK Hodges; PM Summers; GE Webley (1988). "Embryonic signals during the pre-implantation period in ... Gamete outcome Shortly after fertilization a zygote develops into a multicellular embryo that in turn develops into a larger ... However, it was found that anti-hCG antibodies prevent marmoset embryos from implanting in the endometrium of their mother's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunocontraception

"Me too, too - How to make human embryonic stem cells without destroying human embryos". The Economist. 22 November 2007.. ... "Safety and complications reporting on the re-implantation of culture-expanded mesenchymal stem cells using autologous platelet ... as they are derived from adult tissue samples rather than human embryos designated for scientific research. They have mainly ... because the production of adult stem cells does not require the destruction of an embryo. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somatic_stem_cell

Implantation[edit]. The first cells of the embryo to undergo EMT and form mesenchyme are the extra-embryonic cells of the ... Mesenchyme, in vertebrate embryology, is a type of connective tissue found mostly during the development of the embryo.[1] It ... Bronner-Fraser, M (1994). "Neural crest cell formation and migration in the developing embryo". FASEB Journal. 8 (10): 699-706 ... Trainor, P. A. (2005). "Specification of neural crest cell formation and migration in mouse embryos". Seminars in Cell & ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesenchyme

... they require immediate implantation onto the uterine wall in order to receive nutrients.. The nematode C. elegans, a popular ... and will give rise to the embryo and some extraembryonic membranes. At this stage, the embryo is called a blastocyst. ... The embryo forms a disc of cells, called a blastodisc, on top of the yolk. Discoidal cleavage is commonly found in monotremes, ... The inner cells are pushed to one side of the cavity (because the embryo isn't getting any bigger) to form the inner cell mass ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleavage_

... as well as forms of birth control that act to deprive the human embryo of necessary sustenance in implantation, could become ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personhood

Cochlear implantation is effective in restoring hearing function in MYH9-RD patients with severe/profound deafness.[58] ... No homozygous mutant embryos were identified during gestation, and therefore none survived until weaning. The remaining tests ... the abnormal visceral endoderm of NM IIA knockout embryos fails to support the critical step of gastrulation. However, the ... "Cochlear implantation is safe and effective in patients with MYH9-related disease". Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 9: 100 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MYH9

Roentgen stereophotogrammetry is used to track movement of bones based on the implantation of markers ... C Embryo Today. 81 (3): 177-82. doi:10.1002/bdrc.20099. PMID 17963274.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-rays

Embryos[edit]. Main article: Embryo cryopreservation. Cryopreservation for embryos is used for embryo storage, e.g., when in ... implantation, or live birth rate, whether from IVF or oocyte donation cycles.[32] Rather, oocyte age, survival proportion, and ... Embryos at cleavage stage (that are 2, 4, 8 or 16 cells) or at early blastocyst stage, in embryo cryopreservation ... The studies indicate that using frozen embryos and eggs rather than fresh embryos and eggs reduced the risk of stillbirth and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryopreservation

Implantation represents the remarkable synchronisation between the development of the embryo and the differentiation of the ... The endometrium and embryo implantation A receptive endometrium depends on more than hormonal influences ... "window of implantation." Outside of this time the uterus is resistant to embryo attachment. In a study by Hertig et al in 1956 ... The endometrium and embryo implantation. BMJ 2000; 321 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.321.7272.1301 (Published 25 November ...

https://www.bmj.com/content/321/7272/1301

... and you likely want to do everything you can to improve the chances of implantation after the embryo transfer. Fortunately,... ... Getting your embryos implanted is an exciting part of your fertility journey, ... Do a frozen embryo transfer to allow your uterine lining time to thicken. When youre doing embryo implantation after IVF, a ... v4-460px-Improve-Embryo-Implantation-Step-4-Version-2.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/c\/c3\/Improve-Embryo-Implantation-Step-4 ...

https://www.wikihow.com/Improve-Embryo-Implantation

... at BellaOnline ... Historically the bacterial balance within the uterus has not been deeply considered as a factor in embryo implantation, but ... Despite every improving IVF technologies embryo implantation often fails, and the reason why often remains unclear. But, ... examined whether the balance of bacteria in the uterus may have an influence upon embryo implantation. Thirty five infertile ...

http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art304388.asp

The Gene Ontology (GO) project is a collaborative effort to address the need for consistent descriptions of gene products across databases. You can use this browser to view terms, definitions, and term relationships in a hierarchical display. Links to summary annotated gene data at MGI are provided in Term Detail reports.

http://www.informatics.jax.org/vocab/gene_ontology/GO:0007566

Stages of human pre-implantation embryo development. Phase-contrast images of human embryo development from day (d) 0 to day 7 ... known about human pre-implantation embryo development and highlight how further studies of human pre-implantation embryos can ... human embryos implant around day 7. The derivation of epiblast stem-like cells from human pre-implantation embryos suggests ... Cell fate decisions and their timing in mouse versus human early embryo development. Prior to implantation, both human and ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22318624

SOX17 has recently emerged as an important transcription factor involved in endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation. ... implantation. These data confirm the important role of endometrial SOX17 in human endometrial receptivity and embryo ... Demonstration of a role for implantation factors in a human system is critical to provide a rationale for in depth clinical ... SOX17 localizes to the point of adhesive contact between human endometrial epithelial cells and a human embryo mimic model ( ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-51751-3?error=cookies_not_supported&code=0b59e68d-aca7-441b-bc36-b2e626e6f544

In humans, implantation is the stage of pregnancy at which the embryo adheres to the wall of the uterus. At this stage of ... Decidua basalis - This is the part of the decidua which is located basalolateral to the embryo after implantation. Decidua ... Implantation is initiated when the blastocyst comes into contact with the uterine wall. To be able to perform implantation, the ... Singh, H., & Aplin, J. D. (2009). Adhesion molecules in endometrial epithelium: tissue integrity and embryo implantation. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Implantation_(human_embryo)

... Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014 Dec 5; Authors: Tian S, Su X, Qi L, Jin XH, Hu Y, Wang CL, Ma X ... MiR-143 and rat embryo implantation. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014 Dec 5; Authors: Tian S, Su X, Qi L, Jin XH, Hu Y, Wang CL, Ma X ... However, it is still not clear whether miR-143 play roles during embryo implantation in rat. In the study, we found that the ... Specifically, the evidence suggests that the uterine-based system regulates embryo implantation and decidualization, while both ...

https://medworm.com/index.php?rid=71787206&cid=c_234_60_f&fid=34400&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpubmed%2F25486623%3Fdopt%3DAbstract

... more research on embryo development is needed, two experts write in a new review article. ... Because current methods for assessing the viability of IVF-created embryos are not sufficiently reliable, ... Open details for Technology to screen embryos before implantation falls short Bookmark this Page ... Technology to screen embryos before implantation falls short. Because current methods for assessing the viability of IVF- ...

https://www.brown.edu/news/2017-03-31/pgs

Macrophage depletion after conception caused embryo implantation arrest associated with diminished plasma progesterone and poor ... Implantation failure was alleviated by administration of bone marrow-derived CD11b+F4/80+ monocytes/macrophages. In the ovaries ...

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/60561/figure/1

Aberrant LIF production is linked to implantation failure. LIF regulates multiple processes prior to and during implantation ... In this review, we summarize up-to-date information on the role of LIF in implantation and its role in contraception. ... such as uterine transformation into a receptive state, decidualization, blastocyst growth and development, embryo-endometrial ... Summary of the known roles of LIF in embryo implantation. LIF increases the expression of EGF and implantation genes in ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/tswj/2014/201514/

Vanderbilts Sudhansu Dey on the Role of miRNAs in Embryo Implantation. Sep 13, 2007 ... Vanderbilts Sudhansu Dey on the Role of miRNAs in Embryo Implantation ...

https://www.genomeweb.com/rnai/vanderbilts-sudhansu-dey-role-mirnas-embryo-implantation

The aim of this article is to assess the importance of uterine contractility in the implantation of human embryos. ... contractility may provide for gamete/embryo transportation through the utero-tubal cavities and successful embryo implantation ... Embryo attachment to the predecidualized endometrium and its invasion may be determined by the expression of proteolytic ... the only determinant of endometrial preparation for embryo nidation, with the induction of uterine quiescence being one of ...

https://insights.ovid.com/coogy/200608000/00001703-200608000-00021

... is it the uterus or the embryos. When perfect embryos fail to implant after an IVF cycle, usually its not the uterus which is ... at fault ! Keyword Set: failed implantation, IVF, In Vitro Fertilization ... Research shows that the reason for failed implantation is much more likely to be genetically abnormal embryos ( because of poor ... Most IVF cycles result in the formation of good looking embryos ; and most patients naturally expect these embryos to become ...

https://www.drmalpani.com/knowledge-center/articles/failedimplantation

Researchers were able to see, for the first time, the movement of all of the cells in living mammalian embryos as they develop ... This breakthrough has important implications for IVF treatments and pre-implantation genetic diagnosis . In the future, this ... approach could help with embryo selection to improve IVF success rates. ... engineers at Monash University has led to the development of a new non-invasive image processing technique to visualise embryo ...

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2015-08/mu-nei082715.php

Home » Tools & Technology » Sequencing » Single-Cell Sequencing Offers Hints to Molecular Dynamics of Human Embryo Implantation ... Single-Cell Sequencing Offers Hints to Molecular Dynamics of Human Embryo Implantation. Aug 21, 2019 ... and other molecular features that mark human embryo implantation - a process that can go awry in ways that lead to early ... in embryos for both aneuploidies (PGT-A) and monogenic disorders (PGT-M). ...

https://www.genomeweb.com/sequencing/single-cell-sequencing-offers-hints-molecular-dynamics-human-embryo-implantation

IS, implantation site. Number within the bar indicates the number of mice with implantation sites per total tested mice. Data ... Polycomb subunit BMI1 determines uterine progesterone responsiveness essential for normal embryo implantation. ... Polycomb subunit BMI1 determines uterine progesterone responsiveness essential for normal embryo implantation. ... females exhibit implantation failure recovered with morphologically normal blastocysts upon flushing the uterine horn on days 5 ...

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/92862/figure/1

Learn more about the Embryo Implantation Pathway from related diseases, pathways, genes and PTMs with the Novus Bioinformatics ... Embryo Implantation Pathway Bioinformatics. Disease and disorder research has been conducted in relation to the Embryo ... The Embryo Implantation Pathway has been researched in relation to Fertilization, Decidualization, Secretion, Ovulation, Embryo ... Explore more on Embryo Implantation below! For more information on how to use Laverne, please read the How to Guide.. ...

https://www.novusbio.com/pathways/embryo-implantation

Events used to score the embryos include embryo metabolism assessment and pre-implantation genetic diagnosis. Genetic ... To avoid this, it is important that embryos be selected prior to implantation. The embryo is selected for quality of viability ... Embryo scoring techniques have been developed to evaluate the potential for embryo implantation including cell number, ... Selection of embryos is an important issue, because the higher the number of embryos transferred, the higher the pregnancy rate ...

http://science.jrank.org/pages/2450/Embryo-Transfer.html

Medical Xpress is a web-based medical and health news service that features the most comprehensive coverage in the fields of neuroscience, cardiology, cancer, HIV/AIDS, psychology, psychiatry, dentistry, genetics, diseases and conditions, medications and more.

https://medicalxpress.com/tags/embryo%20implantation/sort/liverank/1d/

Embryo Implantation is most often done on an outpatient basis & No anesthesia is used. The enigma of embryo implantation - why ... Why doesnt every embryo become a baby?. The enigma of embryo implantation - why doesnt every embryo become a baby? ... How is embryo transfer performed ?. What happens after the embryo transfer ?. Why doesnt every embryo become a baby?. How can ... How is embryo transfer performed ?. Embryo Transfer. Embryo transfer is most often done on an outpatient basis. No anesthesia ...

https://www.drmalpani.com/knowledge-center/resources/books/chapter25c

Scientists visualize embryo implantation in the mouse uterus in unprecedented 3-D detail. UC San Francisco researchers have ... Researchers use single-cell sequencing to get a better look at human embryo implantation. A team of researchers affiliated with ... Follistatin is a key player in embryo implantation. Looking to improve the success rate of assisted reproductive technologies, ... No benefit in IVF from routinely freezing all embryos before transfer. An IVF technique which freezes all embryos generated in ...

https://medicalxpress.com/tags/embryo%20implantation/sort/date/all/

by Richard Sherbahn MD on Aug.07, 2016, under Embryo freezing, Embryo implantation, Frozen embryo transfer, IVF success rates ... Embryo biopsy on Day 3 has been suggested to adversely affect the implantation potential of the embryo. Hence, the majority of ... Embryo implantation, IVF success rates, Miscarriage, Number of IVF Embryos to Transfer, Preimplantation Genetic Screening, ... Embryo implantation with a frozen cycle could be better with the more "natural" hormone environment in the uterus. The uterine ...

https://www.advancedfertility.com/blog/category/embryo-implantation/

Our results demonstrate that Tregs play a critical role in embryo implantation by preventing the development of a hostile ... Our results demonstrate that Tregs play a critical role in embryo implantation by preventing the development of a hostile ... Depletion of Tregs in two Foxp3.DTR-based models prior to pairing drastically impaired implantation and resulted in ... Genetic deletion of the homing receptor CCR7 interfered with accumulation of Tregs in the uterus and implantation indicating ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2013.00158/full

Hormones and other factors, both embryonic & uterine influence successful IVF embryo implantation. ... Implantation of blastocyst embryos in humans is complex. ... How long does embryo implantation take?. *Once the blastocyst ... Embryo Implantation After IVF. Answers to questions about implantation of embryos after in vitro fertilization. What is ... Timing of embryo implantation in humans. A good study of implantation was published in 1992 by Bergh & Navot. They studied 33 ...

https://www.advancedfertility.com/implantation.htm

Baylor researchers find understanding how SRC-2 reprograms the endometrium to be receptive to implantation is a critical to ... The finding is not only important for understanding how SRC-2 prepares the body for embryo implantation, but it also may ... When the blastocyst or early embryo that results from the joining of egg and sperm enters the uterus, the lining or endometrium ... must be able to accept and encourage implantation. This begins the process of development of both the embryo and the placenta ...

https://www.bcm.edu/news/molecular-and-cellular-biology/master-molecule-src-2-embryo-implantation

Implantation is a crucial step in human development. Occurring shortly after fertilization, implantation is the process by ... New method allows first look at key stage of human development, embryo implantation. ... "We had seen self-organization using this system in the mouse embryo, and also in human embryonic stem cells, but we did not ... "Now that it has become possible to culture human embryos to the 14-day limit and perhaps beyond, the time is right for the ...

https://www.rockefeller.edu/news/11323-new-method-allows-first-look-at-key-stage-of-human-development-embryo-implantation/

Further, single-cell sequencing after live-cell imaging revealed that all embryos exhibiting micronuclei formation during 1st ... We showed that some embryos exhibiting early chromosomal segregation error and formation of micronuclei retained their ... Our result suggests the importance of the selection of embryos that have reached blastocysts. ... In the pre-implantation embryo, aneuploidy resulting from chromosome segregation error is considered responsible for pregnancy ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-57817-x?error=cookies_not_supported&code=57ca2f61-0b4b-43ab-bb1c-550e92b4b490

Patterning of the pre-implantation embryo progresses through an initial phase of high variability. Oct4 (A), Cdx2 (B) and Nanog ... Strategy for synchronizing pre-implantation embryos at compaction and the timing of morphogenetic events during the analyzed ... For every embryo, the counterstained DNA is shown in the row below. White and green arrowheads indicate nuclei of interest of ... For every embryo the counterstained DNA is shown in the row below. White and green arrowheads indicate nuclei of interest of ...

https://dev.biologists.org/content/134/23/4219.figures-only

The establishment of an in vitro culture system that enables the development of primate embryos beyond the implantation period ... Dissecting primate early post-implantation development using long-term in vitro embryo culture ... Dissecting primate early post-implantation development using long-term in vitro embryo culture ... Dissecting primate early post-implantation development using long-term in vitro embryo culture ...

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/366/6467/eaaw5754.long

Outside of this time the uterus is resistant to embryo attachment. (bmj.com)
Each of us is host to an incredible population of bacterial cells, in fact bacterial cells out number our body cells by a long way, and the bacterial communities which inhabit the reproductive system and especially the uterus may influence implantation. (bellaonline.com)
Historically the bacterial balance within the uterus has not been deeply considered as a factor in embryo implantation, but newer research (1) indicates that the endometrium is host to it's own microbiota which may vary from the microbial communities in the rest of the reproductive system. (bellaonline.com)
A further aspect of the study (1) examined whether the balance of bacteria in the uterus may have an influence upon embryo implantation. (bellaonline.com)
The results of this part of the study were super-interesting demonstrating that the presence of non-lactose-fermenting bacteria in uterus fluid may be linked with a big dip in implantation rates. (bellaonline.com)
In humans, implantation is the stage of pregnancy at which the embryo adheres to the wall of the uterus. (wikipedia.org)
The reception-ready phase of the endometrium of the uterus is usually termed the "implantation window" and lasts about 4 days. (wikipedia.org)
The implantation window may also be initiated by other preparations in the endometrium of the uterus, both structurally and in the composition of its secretions. (wikipedia.org)
To enable implantation, the uterus goes through changes in order to be able to receive the conceptus. (wikipedia.org)
Ovarian steroids are reported to play important role in regulating LIF, LIFR, and gp130 expressions in the uterus throughout the implantation window period. (hindawi.com)
and most patients naturally expect these embryos to become babies once they are transferred into their uterus. (drmalpani.com)
When the embryos are good looking , the natural tendency is to blame the uterus. (drmalpani.com)
In the future, this approach could help with embryo selection before the embryo is implanted back into the uterus to improve IVF success rates. (eurekalert.org)
One of the most difficult considerations of embryo transfer is the determination of which embryos are most suitable for transfer into the uterus. (jrank.org)
Should uterine contractions occur after transfer, the embryos could be expelled down through the cervix, or up into the fallopian tubes, instead of implanting in the uterus. (jrank.org)
A catheter is inserted inside the uterus and the embryos are deposited at least one to two millimetres from the fundus. (jrank.org)
Embryo implantation with a frozen cycle could be better with the more "natural" hormone environment in the uterus. (advancedfertility.com)
Implantation of the fertilized egg into the maternal uterus depends on the fine balance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes. (frontiersin.org)
Genetic deletion of the homing receptor CCR7 interfered with accumulation of Tregs in the uterus and implantation indicating that homing of Tregs to the uterus was mediated by CCR7. (frontiersin.org)
Pregnancy begins with the fertilization of the ovum, followed by implantation of the blastocyst in the maternal uterus. (frontiersin.org)
Cells of the innate immune system present in the uterus are known to be critical for implantation. (frontiersin.org)
After fertilization the human embryo begins a 4 day long journey down the fallopian tube and into the uterus. (advancedfertility.com)
The penetration of sperm into an egg is critical for pregnancy, but the implantation of the developing blastocyst into the endometrium - the lining of the uterus - is an equally important step that requires the input of the master molecule steroid receptor coactivator-2 (SRC-2), said researchers from Baylor College of Medicine in a report that appears online in the open access journal PLoS Genetics . (bcm.edu)
When the blastocyst or early embryo that results from the joining of egg and sperm enters the uterus, the lining or endometrium must be able to accept and encourage implantation. (bcm.edu)
The finding may enable better treatment of women with frequent miscarriages who may have a uterus that is not receptive to implantation. (bcm.edu)
Published in Nature on May 4, the breakthrough system is the first in which the process of implantation has successfully been replicated in an experimental setting, outside of the uterus. (rockefeller.edu)
Occurring shortly after fertilization, implantation is the process by which the small, hollow ball of cells called a blastocyst attaches to the uterus, allowing an embryo to begin to take shape. (rockefeller.edu)
the attachment of the embryo to the wall of the uterus in man and in all mammals with intrauterine development. (thefreedictionary.com)
A few days later, the fertilized egg (embryo) or eggs are implanted into the uterus. (healthtap.com)
Now we known in the absence of specific problems with the uterus lining or cavity , that most ivf cycles fail because the embryos were genetically abnormal. (healthtap.com)
The first part is an investigation of ERalpha and its downstream target Hif2alpha in the uterus during embryo implantation. (illinois.edu)
Through the development of knockout mouse models, it is known that ERalpha, the predominant estrogen receptor in the uterus, is essential for the embryo to attach to these cells prior to invasion. (illinois.edu)
The next stage is called embryo adhesion, in which the embryonic cells look for the best place to adhere to the endometrium, the inner layer of the uterus, through its receptors. (institutobernabeu.com)
Based on the fact that the main factors that have an impact on implantation are the embryo and the female uterus, huge progress has been made in the field of embryology and this has enabled us to understand and classify embryos both morphologically and genetically. (institutobernabeu.com)
When a uterus has an apparently normal anatomy, it would appear to be developing normally and we also have embryos with an optimum capacity to implant , why don't they implant? (institutobernabeu.com)
It's been said that the doctor implanted all eight embryos into the California mom's uterus and all eight took. (blogspot.com)
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and the University of California at Los Angeles recently conducted a study of the molecular mechanism involved in the human implantation process, specifically targeting the role of one gene in the success of an embryo to implant itself in the endometrium, the inner lining of the uterus. (endometriosis.org)
During implantation, the embryo and the uterus go through synchronous development and bidirectional crosstalk, eventually establishing structural linkage and achieving material exchange. (biomedcentral.com)
Preimplantation genetic testing is an important part of the process and can ensure your embryo is healthy before being transferred to the uterus. (montereybayivf.com)
It transports the embryo to the uterus for Implantation and helps pre-implantation improvement of the embryo with the aid of supplying nourishment and mediating maternal-embryo signals Tubal function is controlled by local interactions among exclusive cellular types, mediated by using paracrine mechanisms. (scitechnol.com)
Spatio-temporal expression of Hsp105 in rat uterus during peri-implantation period was examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot, pseudopregnant uterus was used as control. (biomedcentral.com)
Temporal and spatial changes in Hsp105 expression in pregnant rat uterus may play a physiological role in regulating embryo implantation. (biomedcentral.com)
For a pregnancy to occur, an embryo travels to the uterus via the fallopian tubes and arrives around Day 5 or 6 post-fertilization. (karmaobgyn.com)
In an IVF cycle, the embryo is placed into the uterus directly by the fertility physician using a specialized catheter. (karmaobgyn.com)
Once in the uterus, the embryo must still hatch from the ZP shell and begin implantation. (karmaobgyn.com)
ERA is a patented diagnostic tool developed by IVIOMICS, Spain that determines the exact time period during which an embryo needs to be transferred to the woman's uterus to achieve a successful pregnancy. (creaconceptions.com)
These are basic anatomical pathologies that have an impact on the uterus lining and they have to be removed before the embryo transfer. (myivfanswers.com)
Then in case of recurrent implantation failure (3 unsuccessful transfers), it is indicated for a patient to undergo a uterus lining biopsy. (myivfanswers.com)
We know that the moment of the transfer (when we transfer embryo or embryos from In- Vitro Fertilisation that have developed to the uterus of mother) is very delicate, specially for the patients who have undergone many cycles without any success previously. (fertility-experiences.com)
Some doctors can use ultrasound to assist them guide the top of the tubing to the perfect location within the uterus before the embryo is injected. (tradesi.com.au)
Embryo Transfer Myths Revealed You could be forgiven for imagining the uterus is sort of a huge empty space where the embryo rattles around until it finds somewhere soft to nestle in. (tradesi.com.au)
In an IVF treatment , the focus is usually on the quality of the embryos, looking for the ones which are more likely to result into a successful pregnancy after transferring them to the uterus. (afternoonvoice.com)
But in this process, the function of the endometrium, the lining of the uterus which houses the embryo allowing for its implantation, is often forgotten. (afternoonvoice.com)
For successful implantation the lining of the uterus (endometrium) is equally important as the quality of embryos. (afternoonvoice.com)
Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) injections can enhance embryo implantation before the embryo is transferred into the uterus. (bite-dose.com)
By using Frozen Embryo Transfer, we can better sync up slowly-blastulating embryos with receptivity in the uterus, leading to better outcomes. (rmanetwork.com)
In fresh cycles, the embryo is transferred to the uterus when it reaches the blastocyst stage. (rmanetwork.com)
In frozen cycles, the embryo is frozen at the blastocyst stage, and transferred to the uterus later, at a point when the uterus is potentially more receptive. (rmanetwork.com)
It may sound hard to believe, but the uterus is highly-receptive to implantation by an embryo for approximately 24 hours during each ovulation cycle, meaning that the embryo has to be inserted at just the right time to have a chance to implant. (rmanetwork.com)
In the second, post-implantation, phase the blastocyst embeds itself in the mother's uterus. (blogspot.com)
The mouse embryo's own stem cells organize themselves into a rosette-like arrangement as a pre-requisite for laying the foundations for the body when the embryo would implant into the uterus. (blogspot.com)
Normal fertility in a dog, and the ability to reproduce puppies, requires a normal estrous cycle , with a healthy reproductive tract, normal ova (eggs), normal and stable levels of reproductive hormones, fertilization by normal spermatozoa, implantation of an embryo in the lining of the uterus ( endometrium ), normal placenta placement, and stable levels of progesterone concentration. (petmd.com)

However, its most prominent time is during the early stages of pregnancy, during implantation. (wikipedia.org)
Understanding specific molecules which control endometrial-embryo interactions is essential for both facilitating and preventing pregnancy. (nature.com)
The subsequent early stages of pregnancy encompassing the acquisition of endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation into the endometrium remain enigmatic. (nature.com)
Outside of this window of receptivity, the endometrium is maintained in a state that is hostile to implantation and pregnancy cannot occur. (nature.com)
Sometimes it has predicted the doom of embryos that became healthy children, and in the small studies conducted so far, there has been mixed evidence that its use leads to a greater likelihood of a successful pregnancy. (brown.edu)
These data demonstrate that uterine miR-143 is important for the successful pregnancy, especially during the process of blastocyst implantation. (medworm.com)
NEW YORK - New research is revealing some of the transcriptional shifts, cell lineage activity, regulatory network changes, DNA methylation dynamics, and other molecular features that mark human embryo implantation - a process that can go awry in ways that lead to early pregnancy loss. (genomeweb.com)
G and H ) A large portion of Bmi1 d/d females exhibit implantation failure recovered with morphologically normal blastocysts upon flushing the uterine horn on days 5 ( G ) and 6 ( H ) of pregnancy. (jci.org)
The process of embryo transfer includes several steps and the overall pregnancy rate is affected by several factors. (jrank.org)
Selection of embryos is an important issue, because the higher the number of embryos transferred, the higher the pregnancy rate. (jrank.org)
However, the price you pay for transferring more embryos is that the risk of a multiple pregnancy increases as well. (drmalpani.com)
Some clinics in Scandinavia have now started transferring only one embryo ( this is called SET or single embryo transfer) in young women, in order to reduce the risk of a multiple pregnancy. (drmalpani.com)
Doctors have tried to develop an embryo score ( based on the number of embryos and embryo quality ) in order to predict the chances of a pregnancy after embryo transfer, but this is still not precise. (drmalpani.com)
Transferring more embryos increases the chances of getting pregnant, and also increases the risk of a multiple pregnancy. (drmalpani.com)
This led to much better pregnancy success rates with frozen embryos than we saw in the past. (advancedfertility.com)
Whilst regulatory T cells (Tregs) are reportedly involved in protection of allogeneic fetuses against rejection by the maternal immune system, their role for pregnancy to establish, e.g., blastocyst implantation, is not clear. (frontiersin.org)
Implantation rate is defined as the percentage of embryos that were transferred that develop at least to the stage of fetal heart activity documented by pregnancy ultrasound. (advancedfertility.com)
There seems to be some variation in the timing of implantation, based on blood levels of the pregnancy hormone (hCG) and variations in ultrasound development at 4 to 6 weeks of pregnancy. (advancedfertility.com)
Understanding how SRC-2 reprograms the endometrium to be receptive to implantation is a critical to developing methods to help women at high risk for early pregnancy loss," said Dr. Bert O'Malley, chair of molecular and cellular biology at BCM and a corresponding author of the report with Dr. John Lydon, associate professor of molecular and cellular biology at BCM. (bcm.edu)
The criteria used to decide which embryos will be transferred to a woman to attempt to achieve pregnancy may differ from the Objective Criteria. (nhmrc.gov.au)
In the pre-implantation embryo, aneuploidy resulting from chromosome segregation error is considered responsible for pregnancy loss. (nature.com)
Cummins JM, Breen TM, Harrison KL, Shaw JM, Wilson LM, Hennessey JF: A formula for scoring human embryo growth rates in in vitro fertilization: Its value in predicting pregnancy and in comparison with visual estimates of embryo quality. (springer.com)
Yovich JL: Embryo quality and pregnancy rates in in vitro fertilization. (springer.com)
Time-lapse parameters as predictors of blastocyst development and pregnancy outcome in embryos from good prognosis patients: a prospective cohort study. (springer.com)
Similarly, if "pregnancy" and "embryo" are claimed to only begin at implantation (as the U.S. Federal Regulations for the use of human subjects in research so define these terms in the 1981 OPRR/OHRP regulations, as well as in many "professional" medical and research organizations and societies), then the early human embryo disappears once again. (lifeissues.net)
Vitrification of human embryos subjected to blastomere biopsy for pre-implantation genetic screening produces higher survival and pregnancy rates than slow freezing. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The main outcome measures were post-thaw survival (SR), pregnancy (PR), and implantation (IR). (sigmaaldrich.com)
Cramps after embryo transfer can lead to positive pregnancy or it is the symptom of Ivf failure? (healthtap.com)
Fertilization, pregnancy and embryo implantation rates after ICSI in cases of obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia. (ugent.be)
De Croo I, Van der Elst J, Everaert K, De Sutter P, DHONT M. Fertilization, pregnancy and embryo implantation rates after ICSI in cases of obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia. (ugent.be)
During pregnancy embryos travel to the uterine lumen and attach to uterine epithelial cells. (illinois.edu)
We carried out a prospective randomized trial on 220 couples with nontubal factor infertility to compare pregnancy rates and implantation rates after zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT) and uterine embryo transfer (UET). (who.int)
The pregnancy and implantation rates were significantly higher in the ZIFT group (42.1% and 11.7%) than in the UET group (21.0% and 7.8%) ( P (who.int)
The ability of tubal transfer of an embryo to produce pregnancy and live birth was first demonstrated in a non-human primate model [1]. (who.int)
Background: The initiation of primate embryo invasion into the endometrium and the formation of the placenta from trophoblasts, fetal mesenchyme, and vascular components are essential for the establishment of a successful pregnancy. (tufts.edu)
Thompson SM, Onwubalili N, Brown K, Jindal SK, PG MG. Blastocyst expansion score and trophectoderm morphology strongly predict successful clinical pregnancy and live birth following elective single embryo blastocyst transfer (eSET): a national study. (springermedizin.de)
To identify the impact of embryo transfer time (total seconds from the loading of the transfer catheter to the expulsion of the embryo(s) into the uterine cavity) on clinical pregnancy (CPR), implantation (IR), and live birth (LBR) rates. (readbyqxmd.com)
Blastomere multinucleation in human embryos is a common phenomenon, but data on its effect on pregnancy outcome and the health of newborns are scarce. (readbyqxmd.com)
In this case-control study, we assessed pregnancy and perinatal outcomes from 136 binucleated and multinucleated frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles against a control group of 136 non-binucleated and multinucleated frozen embryo transfer cycles. (readbyqxmd.com)
Proper endometrial vascular development and maintenance at the time of embryo implantation is crucial for successful pregnancy. (semanticscholar.org)
Failure of embryo implantation is a major limiting factor in early pregnancy and assisted reproduction. (biomedcentral.com)
Embryo implantation is a crucial step of pregnancy establishment in mammals and occurs in a restricted time period, termed the "window of implantation" (WOI). (biomedcentral.com)
Smoking tobacco can affect the proper growth of the embryo-and fetal development in case pregnancy occurs. (invitra.com)
Objective: The aims of this study were to compare preimplantation embryo quality in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with standard IVF and to examine the impact of age and number and quality of embryos transferred on implantation and pregnancy. (elsevier.com)
Nevertheless, pregnancy and abortion rates were similar when adjusted by age and number of embryos transferred. (elsevier.com)
Patients with repeated implantation failure (RIF) have a higher implantation rate and pregnancy rate following in vitro fertilization embryo transfer (IVF-ET) or frozen embryo transfer (FET) after undergoing endometrial scratch compared with patients without endometrial scratch. (isrctn.com)
The exact cause of your failure cannot be known as there are still four steps your embryo has to go through in order to produce a pregnancy: embryo has to develop to blastocyst, the blastocyst has to hatch our of its shell, it then has to attach to the uterine lining and the lining has to grow around it. (montereybayivf.com)
Embryo implantation is necessary for the successful formation of pregnancy. (scitechnol.com)
Ectopic implantation external the uterine cavity and the growth of ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a major cause of maternal morbidity and occasionally mortality during the first trimester. (scitechnol.com)
The complex process of implantation and trophoblast invasion is crucial for the successful formation of pregnancy [ 1 - 3 ]. (scitechnol.com)
Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a shape of strange pregnancy in which the prepared ovum embeds outside the intra-uterine hole and the ampullary area of the fallopian tube is the most well-known site of implantation [ 6 ]. (scitechnol.com)
Amino acids (L-glutamine, L-proline, D-proline, glycine, L-alanine, betaine) were added to the culture medium and development of the embryos was scored every 24h until day 6 of pregnancy (blastocyst stage). (edu.au)
Expression of Hsp105 was mainly in the luminal epithelium on day 1 of pregnancy, and reached a peak level on day 5, whereas in stroma cells, adjacent to the implanting embryo, the strongest expression of Hsp105 was observed on day 6. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, injection of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to Hsp105 into the rat uterine horn on day 3 of pregnancy obviously suppressed the protein expression as expected and reduced number of the implanted embryos as compared with the control. (biomedcentral.com)
The time surrounding the window of receptivity in the rat is referred to as the peri-implantation period and involves days 4, 5, and 6 of pregnancy. (biomedcentral.com)
Growth of the embryo and secretion of hCG further signals the ovarian follicle that released the oocyte to begin the production of progesterone, a hormone crucial for further thickening of the endometrium and proper progression of the pregnancy. (karmaobgyn.com)
If an embryo is aneuploid, meaning it doesn't have the proper number of chromosomes, then it is very unlikely to result in a pregnancy or could produce a miscarriage. (karmaobgyn.com)
These cells are naturally present at the site of implantation, however, if in high numbers can lead to pregnancy rejection. (karmaobgyn.com)
At fertility clinics, doctors often treat people who want to undertake fertility treatment that involves the transfer of more than one embryo to ensure pregnancy, or even have twins. (procreatec.co.uk)
A marked decrease in the number of fully developed pinopodes was observed on the endometrial surface in the OS and EID model mice, which was in accordance with the decreased pregnancy rate and number of embryonic implantation sites when compared with the control. (sinoprot.com)
We have developed a method of identifying the optimal time for implantation with greater precision than previous techniques, allowing a greater chance of a successful pregnancy. (le.ac.uk)
Generally, after pre-implantation genetic tests (PGD - preimplantation genetic diagnosis and PGS - preimplantation genetic screening), pregnancy rates are cumulatively very high. (myivfanswers.com)
Embryos generated with donor eggs and selected with Time-Lapse technology can achieve even 70% of pregnancy rates. (myivfanswers.com)
Progesterone is often given after embryo transfer to support and sustain a pregnancy. (bite-dose.com)
Screens single cells from embryos for single-gene genetic diseases and chromosomal disorders before a pregnancy. (aspirefertility.com)
These embryos have the highest likelihood of developing into a healthy, full-term pregnancy and live birth. (aspirefertility.com)

How embryos attach and implant remains a mystery. (bmj.com)
You'll likely take progesterone, estrogen, and other supportive drug therapies to help your embryo implant, whether your embryo is fresh or frozen. (wikihow.com)
With pre-implantation genetic screening (PGS) technology, doctors can, in principle, spot-check chromosome count before choosing which embryo to implant in the mother. (brown.edu)
The reason every fertile couple does not get pregnant every month they have sex is because even though the sperm do fertilise the egg, the resultant embryos do not implant, because of an intrinsic genetic abnormality. (drmalpani.com)
If in the future, we can combine our new image processing technique with non-harmful dyes that can label the membranes of human embryos, we may be able to evaluate embryos used in IVF and decide which ones to implant to have the best chance of success," said Dr Melanie White. (eurekalert.org)
Where Does the Embryo Implant After Embryo Transfer in Humans? (jrank.org)
However, the babies which result from these embryos are completely normal, if they do implant successfully. (drmalpani.com)
What percent of IVF embryos will implant? (advancedfertility.com)
The inability of an embryo to implant in the uterine wall is a frequent reason for IVF failure but the reason why the embryo won't implant has remained elusive. (babymed.com)
Grading requires embryologists to look at embryos under a microscope and assign a quality score which helps them in deciding which embryos to implant first. (aninews.in)
To make their jobs easier, less time-consuming, and accurate, scientists at Cornell University training a Google deep-learning algorithm to identify IVF embryos as eight good, fair, or poor based on the likelihood each one would successfully implant, Wired reports. (aninews.in)
A new technique that allows embryos to develop in vitro beyond the implantation stage (when the embryo would normally implant into the womb) has been developed by Zernicka-Goetz's lab, allowing them to analyse for the first time key stages of human embryo development up to 13 days after fertilisation. (cam.ac.uk)
The endometrial receptivity assay (ERA) tests the endometrial lining in order to determine the moment when the embryo is most likely to implant. (karmaobgyn.com)
No-one in the UK will implant the last embryo. (hazelmchaffie.com)
So, now we want to know if music can also help embryo to implant in the maternal womb. (fertility-experiences.com)
This has the additional benefit of thickening the female internal reproductive organ lining in preparation for an embryo to implant. (tradesi.com.au)
once the embryo is transferred on day two of its development, it will continue to divide for a couple more days before it'll implant. (tradesi.com.au)
What could cause an embryo to implant but not develop? (preventmiscarriage.com)
Abera and I headed to ATARC this morning to implant embryos. (lonnyward.com)

Getting your embryos implanted is an exciting part of your fertility journey, and you likely want to do everything you can to improve the chances of implantation after the embryo transfer. (wikihow.com)
But, there's a growing interest in the influence of bacteria upon the likelihood of implantation and early results are indicating that switching up the body's microbiota may improve fertility. (bellaonline.com)
Now some fertility specialists are claiming that frozen embryo transfers actually give higher success rates than fresh transfers. (advancedfertility.com)
Is fertility massage beneficial for embryo implantation following IVF procedure. (healthcaremagic.com)
Detailed Answer: Hi and thank you so much for this query I am not sure if this fertility massage would be of any help following embryo implantation as there is no existing scientific backings for this. (healthcaremagic.com)
Marijke: Nurse Turned Writer: Should fertility doctors limit embryo implantations? (blogspot.com)
Should fertility doctors limit embryo implantations? (blogspot.com)
In this review, we discuss the involvement of miRNAs in embryo implantation from several aspects, focusing on the role of extracellular miRNAs and their potential applications in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) to promote fertility efficiency. (biomedcentral.com)
Although ART has brought solutions to some fertility problems, implantation rate has not been greatly improved, and challenges remain regarding the poor accuracy of the methods to assess embryonic viability and endometrial receptivity. (biomedcentral.com)
For years, fertility doctors know that numerous genetic anomalies and chromosomic alterations cause many cases of implantation failures and recurrent miscarriages. (procreatec.co.uk)
This does not just represent a difficulty for the patient but also for the embryologist, who must explain the concept of embryo quality in such a way that the person undertaking fertility treatment is able to understand. (procreatec.co.uk)
The study, published in the fertility journal Human Reproduction Open , showed that embryos that take a little more time to reach the blastulation stage have poorer sustained implantation rates than embryos that develop at the normal rate when transferred via Fresh Embryo Transfer. (rmanetwork.com)

Our result suggests the importance of the selection of embryos that have reached blastocysts. (nature.com)
Through live-cell imaging, single embryo transfer, and genome sequencing at single-cell resolution, we demonstrated that early chromosomal segregation error resulting in aneuploidy in mouse pre-implantation embryos is a developmental risk to the blastocyst, but some blastocysts retain their developmental potential. (nature.com)
Trophectoderm projections: a potential means for locomotion, attachment and implantation of bovine, equine and human blastocysts. (springer.com)
Cryopreservation of blastocysts, especially those subjected to the trauma due to blastomere biopsy for the purposes of pre-implantation genetic screening (PGS), requires significant optimization. (sigmaaldrich.com)
In 160 cases where biopsied embryos were cryotransferred, the results for slowly frozen versus vitrified blastocysts were: SR (71% vs. 95%), PR (23% vs. 37%), and IR (26% vs. 36%, P (sigmaaldrich.com)
In this experimental study, the expression pattern of three pluripotency markers (Oct4, Nanog and Sox2) and the linage specific markers (Rex1, Gata4 and Cdx2) were quantitatively assessed in in vitro matured (MII) oocytes and embryos at three distinctive stages: 8-16 cell stage, day-7 (D7) blastocysts and D14 blastocysts. (magiran.com)
Relative levels of mRNA transcripts for Nanog and Sox2 in D3 (8-16 cell) embryos were significantly higher than D7 blastocysts and mature oocytes, while Oct4 was only significantly higher than D7 blastocysts. (magiran.com)
Reproductive Medicine Associates of New York (RMA of New York) will present data demonstrating that embryo-endometrial asynchrony is accountable for lower implantation rates in slower blastocysts, and not reduced embryonic competence as previously thought. (rmany.com)
Our findings suggest that quality of supernumerary embryos is associated with IR of the transferred embryo, among patients with ≥ 3 blastocysts available on day 5. (springermedizin.de)
A total of 465 women undergoing 571 frozen-embryo transfers with the use of cryopreserved blastocysts in a single academic institution from 2007 through 2014. (readbyqxmd.com)
While blastocysts can be grown and studied outside the body, the same has not been true from implantation. (blogspot.com)

Disease and disorder research has been conducted in relation to the Embryo Implantation Pathway and Endometrial Polyp, Infertility, Female Infertility, Cell Invasion, Tissue Adhesions. (novusbio.com)
Special emphasis and recognition is given to the Boston pathologist Arthur T. Hertig, who studied for 15 years with another Bostonian, John Rock, a gynecologist, human implantation and early embryogenesis, thus providing the basis for future studies of human reproductive biology, infertility and contraception. (ehu.es)
There have been studies done both in the United States and Europe showing statistically that there is a defect in the implantation process in women with endometriosis, a condition affecting many premenopausal women who also suffer from infertility," explains Lee-Chuan Kao, MD, PhD, a reproductive medicine specialist at Cedars-Sinai and co-director of the hospital's Center for Reproductive Medicine. (endometriosis.org)
One of the most difficult things for people affected by infertility is the idea of embryo quality and its different characteristics. (procreatec.co.uk)
Balanced translocation can lead to no complications for the developing embryo, although some balanced translocations lead to general infertility later in life. (aspirefertility.com)
If the endometrium is too thin, it will directly lead to the inability of the blastula to get implanted or cause the blastocyst to re-free due to lack of nutrition after implantation, resulting in infertility. (granadaconceptions.com)

The bad news is that the older they get, the lower the quality of embryos they are generate. (myivfanswers.com)
This study is very important as there is continuous progress in IVF laboratories to improve the quality of embryos, but there are very few regarding embryo implantation. (fertility-experiences.com)

The time after which, in IVF cycles, the embryo is placed into the uterine cavity has been termed the 'black box' of reproduction. (nature.com)
The majority of embryo transfers are currently carried out by cannulating (inserting a hollow tube into) the uterine cavity via the cervix (transcervical transfers). (jrank.org)
Gently, the doctor guides the tip of the loaded catheter through the cervix and deposits the fluid containing the embryos into the uterine cavity. (drmalpani.com)
Some doctors perform the transfer under ultrasound guidance, to ensure proper placement of the embryos in the uterine cavity. (drmalpani.com)
Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis of embryos ( PGD ) represents special molecular-biological testing of chromosome sets of oocytes or embryo cells, which is conducted prior to transfer an embryo into the uterine cavity. (lavitanova.net)
While the diagnosis is carried out, the embryos continue to develop, and on day five the best of them are transferred into the uterine cavity. (lavitanova.net)

Understanding human pre-implantation development has important implications for assisted reproductive technology (ART) and for human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-based therapies. (nih.gov)
Once the system was in place, the researchers determined that the embryos displayed the landmarks characteristic of normal development, including the timing of key events that occur in early embryonic development up to 12 days after fertilization. (rockefeller.edu)
Groups of embryos were fixed every 5 hours, through morula and blastocyst stages bI to III, until 55 hp-compaction, corresponding to embryonic days (E) 2.5 to 4.5. (biologists.org)
The objective of this work was to determine which embryonic morphokinetic parameters up to D3 of in vitro development have predictive value for implantation for the selection of embryos for transfer in clinical practice based upon information generated from embryo transfers with known implantation data (KID). (springer.com)
Non-invasive imaging of human embryos before embryonic genome activation predicts development to the blastocyst stage. (springer.com)
Reduction in Nanog, Oct4, Sox2 mRNA transcription and a late increase in extra embryonic linage markers suggests that the developmental program of linage differentiation is retarded in goat embryos compared to previously reported data on mice and humans. (magiran.com)
In contrast, another study reported XIST coating on both X‐chromosomes accompanied by partial exclusion of RNA‐Pol II in most early embryonic cells without the transcriptional silencing of X‐linked genes, indicating incipient X‐inactivation during pre‐implantation development. (embopress.org)
Here, we tested embryonic biopsy methods for gene mutation analysis, and found that genetic mosaicism can be a major problem to genome editing sheep embryos. (ca.gov)
In the present article I have reviewed the evolution of the modern concepts of decidualization and embryonic implantation, emphasizing how closely interrelated these two processes are. (ehu.es)
Because few studies exist to describe the unique molecular network regulation behind pig pre-implantation embryonic development (PED), genetic engineering in the pig embryo is limited. (biomedcentral.com)
Comparison of the pig embryonic transcriptomes with those of mouse and human pre-implantation embryos revealed unique gene expression patterns during pig PED. (biomedcentral.com)
Also, fatty acid metabolism appears to be a unique characteristic of pig pre-implantation embryonic development. (biomedcentral.com)
Mangold conducted research for her dissertation "On the Induction of Embryonic Primordia by Implantation of Organizers from Different Species" ("Über Induktion von Embryonanlagen durch Implantation artfremder Organisatoren"), with the guidance of Hans Spemann , a professor of zoology at the University of Freiburg . (asu.edu)
Some domestic animals such as ruminants, horses, and pigs present non-invasive implantation, where the embryonic cells remain superficial or slightly fuse with the endometrial epithelium cells (EEC), forming synepitheliochorial (ruminants) or epitheliochorial placenta (pigs and horses). (biomedcentral.com)

A study using an aggregation chimeric mouse embryo of diploid blastomeres and drug-induced aneuploid blastomeres 8 revealed that having a high percentage of aneuploid blastomeres affects embryo development at early post-implantation. (nature.com)
The complications in roe deer reproduction could be due also to a short defined rutting season (from mid-July to mid-August), long latent period of embryogenesis (between mating in July-August and embryo implantation in November-December), relatively long post-implantation prenatal development (from November-December up to parturition in May-June), which represents potential risk for getting offspring in this species (Raesfield et al. (thefreedictionary.com)
Here, we determine the extent of post-implantation development of human embryos bearing common aneuploidies using a recently established culture platform. (caltech.edu)
Our results present the first detailed analysis of post-implantation development of aneuploid human embryos. (caltech.edu)
Effects of excess glucose on mammalian post-implantation embryos. (ehu.es)
ABSTRACT Studies on the effects of excess glucose on mammalian post-implantation embryos grown in culture are reviewed and selected examples of these studies are discussed to demonstrate the value, and the limitations, of the embryo-culture system. (ehu.es)

Interaction between the embryo and the endometrium is another important topic in determining embryo transfer success. (jrank.org)

LIF regulates multiple processes prior to and during implantation such as uterine transformation into a receptive state, decidualization, blastocyst growth and development, embryo-endometrial interaction, trophoblast invasion, and immune modulation. (hindawi.com)
Cell boundaries are indicated in white, cells of the inner cell mass (which will give rise to the embryo proper) are in green, and trophoblast cells (which will give rise to extraembryonic tissues) are in purple and magenta. (rockefeller.edu)
We show that while trisomy 15 and trisomy 21 embryos develop similarly to euploid embryos, monosomy 21 embryos exhibit high rates of developmental arrest, and trisomy 16 embryos display a hypo-proliferation of the trophoblast, the tissue that forms the placenta. (caltech.edu)
The trophectoderm layer of the mouse blastocyst differentiates at the late blastocyst stage to form the invasive trophoblast that mediates implantation of the embryo into the uterine wall. (biologists.org)
The first sign that trophoblast cells have developed an invasion-specific cell behavior appears about 10-15 hours after the embryo hatches from the zona pellucida, when the quiescent, non-adherent trophectoderm cells initiate protrusive activity and become adhesive to extracellular matrix. (biologists.org)
106, 1331-1348), suggested that the onset of trophoblast adhesive and migratory behavior at the time of implantation may be due to changes in expression or distribution of integrin receptors. (biologists.org)
Because laminin expression is upregulated in decidualized uterine stroma in response to the implanting embryo, we examined trophoblast-laminin interactions, using laminin fragments and integrin antibodies to determine which integrin receptors were involved. (biologists.org)
Kaarel Krjutškov, The molecular interactions between trophoblast and endometrial cells in embryo implantation process (Trofoblastide ja endomeetriumi rakkude molekulaarsed interaktsioonid embrüo implantatsioonil), Tartu Ülikool, Loodus- ja täppisteaduste valdkond, molekulaar- ja rakubioloogia instituut. (etis.ee)
Trophoblast differentiation, invasion and hormone secretion in a three-dimensional in vitro implantation model with rhesus monkey embryos. (tufts.edu)
Primates and rodents exhibit invasive implantation, where the trophoblast cells of the blastocyst intrude into the uterine epithelium, penetrate the basal lamina, and form hemochorial placentation. (biomedcentral.com)

SOX17 has recently emerged as an important transcription factor involved in endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation. (nature.com)
These data confirm the important role of endometrial SOX17 in human endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation. (nature.com)
In assisted reproduction (ART) cycles it is estimated that inadequate endometrial receptivity or a failure of the endometrium and the embryo to interact appropriately underlies ~40% of implantation failures of euploid embryos 2 . (nature.com)
Given the significant financial and emotional cost of IVF cycles it is critical that we work towards a comprehensive understanding of the essential factors underlying endometrial receptivity/readiness for embryo implantation. (nature.com)
Determinants of implantation include the embryo viability, the endometrial receptivity, and embryo-maternal interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, they may serve as non-invasive biomarkers for embryo selection and assessment of endometrial receptivity in assisted reproduction, which improves the accuracy of evaluation while reducing the mechanical damage to the tissue. (biomedcentral.com)
With the current scientific knowledge, it is highly recommended that both embryo health and endometrial receptivity is checked in every patient going through the IVF. (karmaobgyn.com)
Endometrial receptivity, a status in which the endometrium is ready for embryo implantation to take place, occurs around days 19-21 in each menstrual cycle of a fertile woman. (creaconceptions.com)
To help the couples who are suffering from regular implantation failures, Igenomix has introduced a patented test named Endometrial Receptivity Analysis (ERA), after 10 years of research in this field. (afternoonvoice.com)

In most animals, the endometrium undergoes a series of changes leading to a period of uterine receptivity called the "window of implantation. (bmj.com)
However, in humans there is not much leeway for late implantation because the " window of implantation " closes. (advancedfertility.com)
Embryo implantation is the outcome of successful intercellular interactions that form a link between encroaching embryo and receptive endometrium in a "window of implantation" at day 20-24 of a regular 28-day menstrual cycle. (thefreedictionary.com)
It has been shown to be expressed specifically during the window of implantation. (endometriosis.org)
There are various factors that contribute to IVF failures and one of the most important factors is window of implantation. (afternoonvoice.com)
This is the window of implantation. (afternoonvoice.com)
There are many couples who are deprived of the joy of parenthood due to a displaced window of implantation. (afternoonvoice.com)
If the result is positive then that is the window of implantation for that particular patient. (afternoonvoice.com)

Can music improve embryo implantation? (fertility-experiences.com)
Does HCG injection improve embryo implantation? (bite-dose.com)

Leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) plays an indispensible role in embryo implantation. (hindawi.com)
Our results demonstrate that Tregs play a critical role in embryo implantation by preventing the development of a hostile uterine microenvironment. (frontiersin.org)

Implantation represents the remarkable synchronisation between the development of the embryo and the differentiation of the endometrium. (bmj.com)
As long as these events remain unexplained, improvement in the success of in vitro fertilisation treatment and the development of contraception that modifies implantation is likely to be difficult. (bmj.com)
Human pre-implantation embryo development. (nih.gov)
Here, we summarize what is currently known about human pre-implantation embryo development and highlight how further studies of human pre-implantation embryos can be used to improve ART and to fully harness the potential of hESCs for therapeutic goals. (nih.gov)
Phase-contrast images of human embryo development from day (d) 0 to day 7. (nih.gov)
Imaging human embryo development and predicting developmental potential. (nih.gov)
A ) Timeline of human embryo development from the zygote to the blastocyst stage, highlighting critical times between stages that predict successful development. (nih.gov)
B ) Molecular events and time-lapse images of human embryo development. (nih.gov)
Cell fate decisions and their timing in mouse versus human early embryo development. (nih.gov)
Prior to implantation, both human and mouse embryos similarly undergo cell divisions culminating in the development of a blastocyst comprising a discernible ICM and TE. (nih.gov)
Because current methods for assessing the viability of IVF-created embryos are not sufficiently reliable, more research on embryo development is needed, two experts write in a new review article. (brown.edu)
PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] - The healthy development of an embryo created through in vitro fertilization (IVF) depends on whether most, if not all, of the cells have the proper number of chromosomes. (brown.edu)
The problem with PGS, Adashi and McCoy wrote, stems from how little doctors and scientists really know about early embryo development, which is a complex process. (brown.edu)
Such insights may improve the diagnosis and selection of healthy embryos through PGS and hopefully will lead to the development of new technologies," Adashi and McCoy wrote. (brown.edu)
Embryos may be transferred to the patient on day 1(zygote stage) of development, on day two (two-cells to four-cells stage), on day three (six-cells to eight-cells stage), on day four (morula), or on days five to seven (different blastocyst stages). (jrank.org)
Cell stages at the time of transfer correlate to embryo survival because its genome activation occurs between the four-cell and eight-cell stages of pre-implantation development. (jrank.org)
There could be a "healthier" implantation process in FET cycles with development of a better connection between the placenta and the mother. (advancedfertility.com)
It could be due to slower than average embryo development or late development of uterine receptivity - or a combination of factors. (advancedfertility.com)
This begins the process of development of both the embryo and the placenta that feeds it. (bcm.edu)
Implantation is a crucial step in human development. (rockefeller.edu)
One known difference between mouse and human development is the shape the blastocyst is in as implantation occurs-it is oblong in mice but shaped like a disk in humans. (rockefeller.edu)
However, few studies have evaluated the relationship between chromosome segregation errors in early cleavage and embryo development. (nature.com)
A ) Cdx2 and Oct4 distribution within the same embryo at defined stages of development. (biologists.org)
Other embryos, regardless of their morphology, had an identical development potential. (springer.com)
Analysis of the results of this series demonstrates the difficulty of deter-mining the development potential of all the embryos on the basis of morphological criteria. (springer.com)
Pre-implantation embryo development encompasses several key developmental events, especially the activation of zygotic genome activation (ZGA)-related genes. (mdpi.com)
Particularly, a subtle balance exists between ERV activation and ERV repression in host-virus interplay, which leads to stage-specific ERV expression during pre-implantation embryo development. (mdpi.com)
A large portion of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos display developmental arrest and ZGA failure during pre-implantation embryo development. (mdpi.com)
Furthermore, because of the close relationship between ERV activation and ZGA, exploring the regulatory mechanism underlying ERV activation may also shed more light on the enigma of SCNT embryo development in model animals. (mdpi.com)
Liu, D. Endogenous Retroviruses Function as Gene Expression Regulatory Elements During Mammalian Pre-implantation Embryo Development. (mdpi.com)
and interstitial implantation, characteristic of higher mammals (primates and man), in which the embryo destroys cells of the uterine mucosa and implants itself within the cavity formed, the uterine defect then healing and the embryo embedding itself totally within the uterine wall, where its subsequent development occurs. (thefreedictionary.com)
Cleavage kinetics analysis of human embryos predicts development to blastocyst and implantation. (springer.com)
Laboratory and clinical outcomes were compared to determine the effect of two different cryopreservation techniques on the development of human pre-implantation embryos that underwent blastomere biopsy and blastocoel drainage prior to cryopreservation. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Although genetic mutation of PDX1 can disrupt pancreatic development, mutating this gene in sheep embryos has previously been inefficient. (ca.gov)
The results suggest that transcription factors can act as carriers of epigenetic information during germ cell and pre-implantation development by ensuring that the methylation status of CpGs is maintained after reprogramming of DNA methylation. (biorxiv.org)
Based on our findings, we propose a model in which transcription factor binding during the re-methylation phases of primordial germ cell and pre-implantation development allow epigenetic information to be maintained trans-generationally even at sites where DNA methylation is lost during global de-methylation. (biorxiv.org)
ABSTRACT Implantation of the embryo is critical for the initiation of intrauterine development of early embryos. (ehu.es)
Accurate lineage reconstruction of mammalian pre-implantation development is essential for inferring the earliest cell fate decisions. (elifesciences.org)
Selective plane illumination microscopy (SPIM) has the potential to play a major role in achieving comprehensive, non-invasive imaging of mammalian pre-implantation development. (elifesciences.org)
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of maternal exposure to the AhR-specific ligand 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on the development of rat pre-implantation embryos with respect to nuclear and cytoskeletal architecture and cell lineage allocation. (monash.edu)
While p610ZA was efficiently expressed at the 2-cell stage of mouse pre-implantation development, non-expression of pUG400LacZ and pUG3.3LacZ indicated that there is a specificity in promoter usage at this stage. (lincoln.ac.nz)
Professor John Aplin, leader of the study from The University of Manchester's Institute of Human Development in England, says there is only a small window of opportunity for implantation: "This window is open for no more than four days. (babymed.com)
Recording and contextualizing the science of embryos, development, and reproduction. (asu.edu)
that is, the idea that certain regions of the embryo become specified before others, and that these specified regions influence the development of surrounding tissues. (asu.edu)
The role of L-proline in pre-implantation mouse embryo development in vitro" Amino acids are known to play important roles in pre-implantation embryo development, including regulation of cell volume and metabolism. (edu.au)
Inclusion of L-glutamine, glycine and betaine in embryo culture medium has been shown to improve development in vitro by acting as organic osmolytes, thereby regulating cell volume. (edu.au)
The purpose of the present study was to determine the role of L-proline in pre-implantation mouse embryo development in vitro. (edu.au)
L-proline improved development and blastocyst expansion despite when embryos were cultured in upon and sub-optimal (hyper osmolality and low density) conditions. (edu.au)
By 10 to 12 days of development, the embryo is completely embedded into the endometrium and ready to start developing into the fetus and placenta. (karmaobgyn.com)
In most people, this is Day 5 of embryo development (5 days post-ovulation) but in approx. (karmaobgyn.com)
The human genome project represents an important breakthrough for assisted reproduction as it has led to the development of a technique that allows embryos to be diagnosed before implantation in the womb. (procreatec.co.uk)
On our day and age, the rapid development of attendant reproductive methods and, in particular, pre-implantation genetic diagnosis of embryos ( PGD ), which is applied in IVF programs, enabled medics to predict, with a high degree of precision, if your baby will be born healthy. (lavitanova.net)
It's important that the embryos are frozen at a precise time in their development. (tradesi.com.au)
To perform PGD testing, a single cell is biopsied from each viable embryo around day 5 of embryo development. (aspirefertility.com)
Blastulation, an important early development stage for an embryo, during which it develops a fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoel, usually occurs on day 5 or 6 of embryo growth. (rmanetwork.com)
Embryo development in mammals occurs in two phases. (blogspot.com)
As well as answering a fundamental question in developmental biology, the new method will allow scientists to study embryo growth and development at implantation for the first time, which could help improve the success of IVF, and extend our knowledge of stem cells, which could advance their use in regenerative medicine. (blogspot.com)

Embryo biopsy on Day 3 has been suggested to adversely affect the implantation potential of the embryo. (advancedfertility.com)
Evidence supports that the improvements in the biopsy technique, and the removal of approximately 4-5 cells from the trophectoderm (precursors to the placenta) on Day 5, when performed by expert embryologists, may not negatively impact the reproductive potential of the embryo. (advancedfertility.com)
Group 1: PGS-FET group: deferred transfer of day 5/6/7 (blastocyst stage) embryos cryopreserved following trophectoderm biopsy Group 2: 'freeze-only' (FET) group: deferred transfer of frozen/thawed embryos without biopsy Group 3: 'fresh' ET group: immediate transfer of 'fresh' embryos in the stimulation cycle. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The embryos will be cryopreserved following trophectoderm biopsy. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Biopsy at blastocyst stage of trophectoderm cells for comprehensive evaluation of the eupolid status of the embryo. (clinicaltrials.gov)
PGS also uses one or two cells from an embryo biopsy to perform testing. (aspirefertility.com)

Evidence that the endometrial microbiota has an effect on implantation success or failure. (bellaonline.com)
Implantation failure was alleviated by administration of bone marrow-derived CD11b + F4/80 + monocytes/macrophages. (jci.org)
Aberrant LIF production is linked to implantation failure. (hindawi.com)
This failure to allow implantation is actually nature's defense mechanism against allowing the birth of abnormal babies. (drmalpani.com)
Here, we demonstrated that uterine-selective depletion of BMI1, a key component of the polycomb repressive complex-1 (PRC1), hampers uterine progesterone responsiveness and derails normal uterine receptivity, resulting in implantation failure in mice. (jci.org)
Uterine-selective depletion of Bmi1 results in embryo implantation failure. (jci.org)
IVF failure seems to be due to issues with embryo quality and not uterine issues in the large majority of cases. (advancedfertility.com)
We are looking for an increase in so-called natural killer cells which can be implicated in failure of embryo implantation and miscarriage. (thefreedictionary.com)
Previous research indicates an abnormal level of microRNA in the endometrium (uterine lining) of women who experience implantation failure. (babymed.com)
In the department at Instituto Bernabeu that handles implantation failure , we are pioneers in carrying out an analysis that has been presented at leading international scientific congresses. (institutobernabeu.com)
The method used in our Implantation Failure Unit includes a progesterone analysis alongside uterine contractility measurement in order to reach a correct diagnosis of the situation and help to address it. (institutobernabeu.com)
Successful treatment with intrauterine delivery of dexamethasone for repeated implantation failure. (semanticscholar.org)
My interest was to determine exactly the molecular mechanism responsible for implantation failure. (endometriosis.org)
My hypothesis is that this particular gene, for a yet-to-be-uncovered reason, is abnormally expressed in women with endometriosis which results in the embryo not being able to find the appropriate place to bind to the endometrium leading to a failure or defect in the implantation process. (endometriosis.org)
Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is a most distress situation. (isrctn.com)
36 Yr. Old Has Repeated Implantation Failure With Great Embryos. (montereybayivf.com)
More specifically, the increased presence of the Natural Killer (NK) cells could be increasing the risk of the implantation failure. (karmaobgyn.com)
These tests give us information to select the best embryo and transfer it on the optimal day, providing a patient the best chance of becoming pregnant and minimizing risk of implantation failure. (karmaobgyn.com)
Implantation dysfunction is unfortunately often overlooked as an important cause of IVF failure. (sinoprot.com)
Aneuploidy is a leading cause of miscarriage and implantation failure. (aspirefertility.com)
What are the main causes of embryo implantation failure? (babygest.com)
Failure of implantation with IVF can occur due to problems with the quality of the egg or sperm, smoking, suboptimal laboratory culture conditions, and problems with uterine receptivity. (babygest.com)

This breakthrough has important implications for IVF (in vitro fertilisation) treatments and pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). (eurekalert.org)

Macrophage depletion after conception caused embryo implantation arrest associated with diminished plasma progesterone and poor uterine receptivity. (jci.org)
At present, until new evidence emerges to demonstrate otherwise, the effects of progesterone are, directly or indirectly, the only determinant of endometrial preparation for embryo nidation, with the induction of uterine quiescence being one of these effects. (ovid.com)
The uterine lining in a fresh cycle with ovarian stimulation is exposed to unnaturally high levels of the reproductive hormones estrogen and progesterone which could deter effective embryo implantation. (advancedfertility.com)
Progesterone is essential to embryo implantation. (institutobernabeu.com)
This up-regulation of the enzyme (when both oestrogen and progesterone are present) facilitates the production of L-selectin ligand which enables implantation. (endometriosis.org)
When only progesterone was present without estrogen, the gene was suppressed and the endometrium would not be receptive to implantation. (endometriosis.org)
Due to premature elevation in progesterone levels, or to prevent Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) - as well as to give geneticists time to perform genetic testing on the embryo - it became necessary to cryopreserve, or flash freeze, embryos until the time was right to use them. (rmanetwork.com)

The high implantation potential of embryos determined to be euploid by PGT-A has contributed to the increased adoption of elective single embryo transfer, (eSET). (advancedfertility.com)
A subsequent frozen embryo transfer cycle will be performed during which 1 euploid (chromosomally normal) embryo will be thawed and transferred. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The embryo needs to be a euploid, meaning that it has the proper genetic compliment (46 chromosomes). (karmaobgyn.com)

In natural menstrual cycles the endometrium is only receptive to implantation of an embryo for approximately four days ('window of receptivity') in the mid-secretory phase of the menstrual cycle 4 . (nature.com)
Do IVF frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles have increased success rates or other benefits as compared to fresh transfers? (advancedfertility.com)
Relationship between endometrial thickness and embryo implantation, based on 1,294 cycles of in vitro fertilization with transfer of two blastocyst-stage embryos. (semanticscholar.org)
Something I always worry about when I have patients tell me they have failed multiple cycles despite good embryos, is the quality of the final step of the IVF process, which is the transfer. (montereybayivf.com)
Went onto double donor embryo cycles with young proven donors, different donors each cycle. (preventmiscarriage.com)
This suggests that a lack of synchrony between a slowly-developing embryo and a woman's endometrial lining may be a big factor in poor outcomes for slowly-blastulating embryos in fresh cycles. (rmanetwork.com)

The expression of miR-143 was not significantly influenced by pseudopregnancy, but the activation of delayed implantation and experimentally induced decidualization significantly promoted miR-143 expression. (medworm.com)
Specifically, the evidence suggests that the uterine-based system regulates embryo implantation and decidualization, while both the uterine- and placental-based systems regulate placentation. (medworm.com)
and decidualization, where blood flow and immune changes occur in the endometrium, ultimately assuring that the embryo does not get rejected as a foreign body (since it is genetically unique from the uterine cells). (karmaobgyn.com)

Hence, we wish to conduct such a study to evaluate if endometrial scratch does have impact on the IVF treatment outcome in women with two or more embryo transfer failures. (isrctn.com)
ERA can be done for patients with repeated implantation failures despite having good hormonal response, good ovarian reserve, good quality embryos and with no pathological factor hampering receptivity. (creaconceptions.com)
Screens embryos before implantation using technology from PGD to reduce miscarriage rates and implantation failures. (aspirefertility.com)
In your experience, what might be the most likely reason for donor embryo failures? (preventmiscarriage.com)

Our findings offer an attractive possibility where alterations to the inter-cellular forces could increase embryo viability leading to better IVF outcomes. (eurekalert.org)
While embryo transfer may seem to be high technology, it actually got its start well over a century ago and over the past decade, evolution in culture conditions (as well as stage-specific or "sequential" complex media) have significantly increasing the viability of in vitro fertilized embryos. (jrank.org)
The embryo is selected for quality of viability and other important characteristics. (jrank.org)
Rogers PAW, Milne BJ, Trounson AO: A model to show human uterine receptivity and embryo viability following ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization. (springer.com)
We evaluated the viability of biopsied embryos in vitro and in vivo, and we determined the mutation efficiency using PCR combined with gel electrophoresis and digital droplet PCR (ddPCR). (ca.gov)
While the use of biopsies did not compromise embryo viability, the presence of mosaicism diminished the diagnostic value of the technique. (ca.gov)

In vitro fertilization , embryo culture, preservation of embryos by freezing (cryopreservation), and cloning technology yield embryos that are produced outside of the female reproductive system . (jrank.org)
The trial objective is to determine whether the deferred transfer of embryos following cryopreservation at the blastocyst stage following pre-implantation genetic screening (PGS-FET) improves live birthrates compared to both the deferred transfer of cryopreserved embryos without PGS (FET) and immediate transfer at the conclusion of a 'fresh' in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle (Fresh). (clinicaltrials.gov)
Couples will be randomized at retrieval to undergo cryopreservation with deferred embryo transfer, with or without PGS, or fresh embryo transfer during the cycle of egg retrieval. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The PGS-FET arm involves deferred transfer of embryos following cryopreservation at the blastocyst stage following pre-implantation genetic screening. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The 'Freeze only' arm involves the deferred transfer of embryos following cryopreservation. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Embryo Cryopreservation: We will cryopreserve 2-cell embryos for heterozygous males mated to wild type females (for those strains amenable to this procedure) or 2-cell embryos for homozygous males mated to wild type or homozygous females. (mdanderson.org)

E ) Potential application of prediction of embryo developmental potential in ART. (nih.gov)
Via the use of excess human embryos we can now study and manipulate the initial developmental stages after fertilization 1 . (nature.com)
This latest research, published in Developmental Cell , and titled 'Cortical Tension Allocates the First Inner Cells of the Mammalian Embryo', provides new insights into embryo formation and challenges the prevailing model of cell placement through division. (eurekalert.org)
By use of culture techniques the precise concentrations of exogenous glucose causing morphological and biochemical changes are defined for a range of developmental stages in both rat and mouse embryos. (ehu.es)

Embryo transfer permits continued survival of embryos by insertion into the female reproductive system. (jrank.org)
Understanding the mechanism of implantation has a profound effect on improving reproductive efficiency. (biomedcentral.com)
Advanced reproductive techniques such as IVF and embryo transfer have only 10-25% success rates. (le.ac.uk)
Frozen Embryo transfer a process within the IVF or ART, Aided Reproductive Technology process. (tradesi.com.au)

In fact, some IVF programs have completely stopped doing fresh embryo transfers and are only performing frozen embryo transfers. (advancedfertility.com)
As of now (summer 2016), the IVF field in the US seems to be slowly moving toward doing more frozen embryo transfers and less fresh transfers. (advancedfertility.com)
The rate of implantation could be reduced in fresh transfers as compared to frozen embryo transfers. (advancedfertility.com)
In a series of 500 transfers of embryos obtained by in vitro fertilization, we examined the implantation rate of 1356 embryos transferred in utero. (springer.com)
Last 3 transfers were 3 top grade 8 cell embryos each time on day 3. (montereybayivf.com)
Frozen blastocyst transfers should have hatching and the beginning of implantation by about 1-3 days after the frozen embryo transfer. (tradesi.com.au)
This allows us to recommend single embryo transfers with greater confidence. (aspirefertility.com)
Dr. Franasiak's retrospective study, carried out using patient data from 2009 to 2013, analyzed three embryo groups: day 5 fresh embryo transfers, day 6 fresh embryo transfers and FETs. (rmanetwork.com)
The results showed that slowly-blastulating embryos had lower sustained implantation rates than normally-blastulating embryos in both day 5 and day 6 fresh transfers. (rmanetwork.com)

Increasing the probability of selecting chromosomally normal embryos by time-lapse morphokinetics analysis. (springer.com)
PGS provides additional guidance to the embryology team by identifying which embryos are chromosomally normal. (aspirefertility.com)

Researchers were able to see, for the first time, the movement of all of the cells in living mammalian embryos as they develop under the microscope. (eurekalert.org)
Mammalian embryos start out as a small group of identical cells. (eurekalert.org)
The researchers then applied cutting-edge laser techniques to the mammalian embryo (previously used in fly and plant embryos or cultured cells only) to determine what forces were acting on the cells to make them move inside the embryo. (eurekalert.org)

Embryo scoring techniques have been developed to evaluate the potential for embryo implantation including cell number, fragmentation characteristics, cytoplasmic pitting, blastomere regularity, presence of vacuoles, and blastomere expansion. (jrank.org)

This technology has significantly decreased miscarriage rates and increased the implantation rate per transfer. (advancedfertility.com)
Result(s): Patients undergoing ICSI had a significantly reduced number of embryos with good morphology and cleavage compared with IVF cases. (elsevier.com)
Women of advanced age had significantly lower embryo cleavage and implantation rates. (elsevier.com)

Low testosterone levels in women with diminished ovarian reserve impair embryo implantation rate: a retrospective case-control study. (thefreedictionary.com)

Here, we evaluated this relationship by live-cell imaging using the histone H2B-mCherry probe and subsequent single blastocyst transfer using mouse embryos obtained by in vitro fertilization. (nature.com)

Most clinics today transfer 2-3 good quality embryos on Day 2 or Day 3. (drmalpani.com)
Embryos are graded according to their appearance and rate of cell-division and good quality embryos are those which have 4-8 cells, of equal size, with clear cytoplasm, and with few fragments. (drmalpani.com)

If we consider that the implantation can be a conversation with perfectly designed words and letters, we can picture its sentences as the stages of implantation and the words as the molecules involved in each state. (institutobernabeu.com)
Plasmoditrophoblast we regard as the primary plasmodium seen at the early stages of implantation, e.g. (edu.au)

It also addresses the matter of establishing the limit beyond which uterine contractions can affect embryo implantation. (institutobernabeu.com)

Adequate uterine contractility may provide for gamete/embryo transportation through the utero-tubal cavities and successful embryo implantation in spontaneous or assisted reproduction. (ovid.com)

Research shows that the reason for failed implantation is much more likely to be genetically abnormal embryos ( because of poor quality eggs), rather than a uterine problem. (drmalpani.com)
So at age 31 likely half of all good day 5 embryos are genetically abnormal. (healthtap.com)
To do so, researchers genetically manipulate embryos so that each cell produces fluorescent molecules that 'glow' under light. (elifesciences.org)
Dr Szlarb starts by reminding us that young women under 35 years old generate about 50%-60% of genetically healthy embryos. (myivfanswers.com)
Between 40 and 43 years old the majority of embryos are unfortunately genetically abnormal. (myivfanswers.com)
It happens that despite visually perfect 10 mm thick lining and genetically normal embryos transferred, the patient is still not pregnant. (myivfanswers.com)

The cumulative embryo score: a predictive embryo scoring technique to select the optimal number of embryos to transfer in an in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer programme. (springermedizin.de)

Aplin's research team concluded that miR-145 influences attachment of the embryo by lowering the level of IGF1R in the uterine lining. (babymed.com)

Number within the bar indicates the number of mice with implantation sites per total tested mice. (jci.org)
Mixing the categorized embryos and then transferring them to recipient mice is challenging, and information other than the category will be lost, making detailed analysis difficult. (nature.com)
The expression of pinopodes during the implantation window was observed using scanning electron microscopy in mice with induced ovarian stimulation (OS) and embryo implantation dysfunction (EID). (sinoprot.com)

Work is underway to use this new custom image segmentation technology with non-invasive imaging approaches to see how human embryos used in IVF or pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) first organise their cells. (eurekalert.org)
Events used to score the embryos include embryo metabolism assessment and pre-implantation genetic diagnosis . (jrank.org)
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4632-1929 and Rodriguez-Espartal, N 2018, 'The effect of values and secularism on attitude towards pre-implantation genetic diagnosis of embryos' , Social Sciences, 7 (11) , p. 216. (salford.ac.uk)
In this study we tested the associations of four high-order values (openness to change, self-transcendence, conservation, and self-enhancement, devised according to Schwartz's model) and secularism of state with individuals' attitude towards pre-implantation genetic diagnosis of embryos. (salford.ac.uk)
Results showed that attitude towards pre-implantation genetic diagnosis was negatively affected by conservation and positively by self-transcendence. (salford.ac.uk)
Moreover, results indicated that attitude towards a secular state positively correlates with attitude towards pre-implantation genetic diagnosis. (salford.ac.uk)
Finally, results showed that secularism mediated the effects of conservation and self-transcendence, but not the effect of openness to change and self-enhancement on attitude towards pre-implantation genetic diagnosis. (salford.ac.uk)
on the other hand, people endorsing values emphasising the welfare of all accept pre-implantation genetic diagnosis because they want state laws to be free from religious values. (salford.ac.uk)

Through this international and multidisciplinary collaboration combining mouse embryology, human embryology, and physics, we were able to create a system that properly recapitulates what happens during human implantation," says Deglincerti. (rockefeller.edu)

In cases of identified mutations or unclear nature of inheritance of genetic problems, pre-implantation diagnosis may not be possible. (lavitanova.net)

The key to this process is determined by many molecules segregated around the endometrium and embryo that must be perfectly synchronised in order to maintain this dialogue between the embryo and endometrium. (institutobernabeu.com)

This process became known as FET, which RMANJ's research showed led to higher implantation rates than fresh embryo transfer. (rmanetwork.com)

Anatomy27

Organisms6

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs22

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment42

Phenomena and Processes31

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Health Care4

An ultrastructural study of implantation in the golden hamster. II. Trophoblastic invasion and removal of the uterine epithelium. (1/2169)

Molecular control of the implantation window. (2/2169)

Utero-ovarian interaction in the regulation of reproductive function. (3/2169)

Role of proteases in implantation. (4/2169)

Expression of calcium binding protein D-9k messenger RNA in the mouse uterine endometrium during implantation. (5/2169)

Intraperitoneal insemination of the guinea pig with synchronized estrus induced by progesterone implant. (6/2169)

Matrilysin activity in the rat uterus during the oestrous cycle and implantation. (7/2169)

Regulated expression of cadherin-11 in human extravillous cytotrophoblasts undergoing aggregation and fusion in response to transforming growth factor beta 1. (8/2169)

Embryo Implantation

Embryo Implantation, Delayed

Endometrium

Uterus

Pregnancy

Decidua

Embryo, Mammalian

Trophoblasts

Blastocyst

Embryo Transfer

Fertilization in Vitro

Embryo, Nonmammalian

Embryo Loss

Pseudopregnancy

Pregnancy, Animal

Chick Embryo

Embryonic Development

Placentation

Infertility, Female

Leukemia Inhibitory Factor

Pregnancy Rate

Proprotein Convertase 5

Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental

Menstrual Cycle

Progesterone

Stromal Cells

Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic

Cleavage Stage, Ovum

Pregnancy, Tubal

Embryonic and Fetal Development

In Situ Hybridization

Cryopreservation

RNA, Messenger

Ovulation Induction

Pregnancy Outcome

Oocyte Donation

Cochlear Implantation

Immunohistochemistry

Fallopian Tube Diseases

Fertility

Mice, Inbred ICR

Chorionic Gonadotropin

Lens Implantation, Intraocular

Time Factors

Estradiol

Placenta

Abortion, Spontaneous

Oocytes

Fallopian Tubes

Blastomeres

Lipoxins

Carbenoxolone

Fertility Agents, Female

Epithelial Cells

Ovary

Ovariectomy

Pacemaker, Artificial

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone

Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Models, Animal

Mice, Inbred Strains

Luteal Phase

Stents

Prosthesis Design

Treatment Outcome

Growth Inhibitors

Cell Adhesion Molecules

Estrous Cycle

Gestational Age

Gene Expression

Gene Expression Regulation

Cell Adhesion

Morula

Zygote

Molecular Sequence Data

Signal Transduction

Biomimetic Materials

Receptors, Progesterone

Epithelium

Mice, Inbred C57BL