Electrophysiology. Medical search

The study of the electrical activity and characteristics of the HEART; MYOCARDIUM; and CARDIOMYOCYTES.

The study of the generation and behavior of electrical charges in living organisms particularly the nervous system and the effects of electricity on living organisms.

The electrical properties, characteristics of living organisms, and the processes of organisms or their parts that are involved in generating and responding to electrical charges.

The functions and activities of living organisms or their parts involved in generating and responding to electrical charges .

Methods to induce and measure electrical activities at specific sites in the heart to diagnose and treat problems with the heart's electrical system.

Abrupt changes in the membrane potential that sweep along the CELL MEMBRANE of excitable cells in response to excitation stimuli.

An electrophysiologic technique for studying cells, cell membranes, and occasionally isolated organelles. All patch-clamp methods rely on a very high-resistance seal between a micropipette and a membrane; the seal is usually attained by gentle suction. The four most common variants include on-cell patch, inside-out patch, outside-out patch, and whole-cell clamp. Patch-clamp methods are commonly used to voltage clamp, that is control the voltage across the membrane and measure current flow, but current-clamp methods, in which the current is controlled and the voltage is measured, are also used.

Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.

An impulse-conducting system composed of modified cardiac muscle, having the power of spontaneous rhythmicity and conduction more highly developed than the rest of the heart.

The voltage differences across a membrane. For cellular membranes they are computed by subtracting the voltage measured outside the membrane from the voltage measured inside the membrane. They result from differences of inside versus outside concentration of potassium, sodium, chloride, and other ions across cells' or ORGANELLES membranes. For excitable cells, the resting membrane potentials range between -30 and -100 millivolts. Physical, chemical, or electrical stimuli can make a membrane potential more negative (hyperpolarization), or less negative (depolarization).

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of the cardiovascular system, processes, or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers and other electronic equipment.

Optical imaging techniques used for recording patterns of electrical activity in tissues by monitoring transmembrane potentials via FLUORESCENCE imaging with voltage-sensitive fluorescent dyes.

A small nodular mass of specialized muscle fibers located in the interatrial septum near the opening of the coronary sinus. It gives rise to the atrioventricular bundle of the conduction system of the heart.

Removal of tissue with electrical current delivered via electrodes positioned at the distal end of a catheter. Energy sources are commonly direct current (DC-shock) or alternating current at radiofrequencies (usually 750 kHz). The technique is used most often to ablate the AV junction and/or accessory pathways in order to interrupt AV conduction and produce AV block in the treatment of various tachyarrhythmias.

The chambers of the heart, to which the BLOOD returns from the circulation.

The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Recording of regional electrophysiological information by analysis of surface potentials to give a complete picture of the effects of the currents from the heart on the body surface. It has been applied to the diagnosis of old inferior myocardial infarction, localization of the bypass pathway in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, recognition of ventricular hypertrophy, estimation of the size of a myocardial infarct, and the effects of different interventions designed to reduce infarct size. The limiting factor at present is the complexity of the recording and analysis, which requires 100 or more electrodes, sophisticated instrumentation, and dedicated personnel. (Braunwald, Heart Disease, 4th ed)

A generic expression for any tachycardia that originates above the BUNDLE OF HIS.

Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.

Minimally invasive procedures guided with the aid of magnetic resonance imaging to visualize tissue structures.

Extra impulse-conducting tissue in the heart that creates abnormal impulse-conducting connections between HEART ATRIA and HEART VENTRICLES.

Regulation of the rate of contraction of the heart muscles by an artificial pacemaker.

The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the HEART ATRIA.

Gated, ion-selective glycoproteins that traverse membranes. The stimulus for ION CHANNEL GATING can be due to a variety of stimuli such as LIGANDS, a TRANSMEMBRANE POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE, mechanical deformation or through INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS.

The scientific discipline concerned with the physiology of the nervous system.

Recording of electric potentials in the retina after stimulation by light.

Striated muscle cells found in the heart. They are derived from cardiac myoblasts (MYOBLASTS, CARDIAC).

Abnormal cardiac rhythm that is characterized by rapid, uncoordinated firing of electrical impulses in the upper chambers of the heart (HEART ATRIA). In such case, blood cannot be effectively pumped into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES). It is caused by abnormal impulse generation.

Ion channels that specifically allow the passage of SODIUM ions. A variety of specific sodium channel subtypes are involved in serving specialized functions such as neuronal signaling, CARDIAC MUSCLE contraction, and KIDNEY function.

The opening and closing of ion channels due to a stimulus. The stimulus can be a change in membrane potential (voltage-gated), drugs or chemical transmitters (ligand-gated), or a mechanical deformation. Gating is thought to involve conformational changes of the ion channel which alters selective permeability.

Small band of specialized CARDIAC MUSCLE fibers that originates in the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE and extends into the membranous part of the interventricular septum. The bundle of His, consisting of the left and the right bundle branches, conducts the electrical impulses to the HEART VENTRICLES in generation of MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION.

A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

Computer-based representation of physical systems and phenomena such as chemical processes.

Cell membrane glycoproteins that are selectively permeable to potassium ions. At least eight major groups of K channels exist and they are made up of dozens of different subunits.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

Electrodes with an extremely small tip, used in a voltage clamp or other apparatus to stimulate or record bioelectric potentials of single cells intracellularly or extracellularly. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Use of electric potential or currents to elicit biological responses.

The period of time following the triggering of an ACTION POTENTIAL when the CELL MEMBRANE has changed to an unexcitable state and is gradually restored to the resting (excitable) state. During the absolute refractory period no other stimulus can trigger a response. This is followed by the relative refractory period during which the cell gradually becomes more excitable and the stronger impulse that is required to illicit a response gradually lessens to that required during the resting state.

Potassium channel whose permeability to ions is extremely sensitive to the transmembrane potential difference. The opening of these channels is induced by the membrane depolarization of the ACTION POTENTIAL.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

A class of drugs that act by inhibition of sodium influx through cell membranes. Blockade of sodium channels slows the rate and amplitude of initial rapid depolarization, reduces cell excitability, and reduces conduction velocity.

Recording the locations and measurements of electrical activity in the EPICARDIUM by placing electrodes on the surface of the heart to analyze the patterns of activation and to locate arrhythmogenic sites.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

A family of voltage-gated potassium channels that are characterized by long N-terminal and C-terminal intracellular tails. They are named from the Drosophila protein whose mutation causes abnormal leg shaking under ether anesthesia. Their activation kinetics are dependent on extracellular MAGNESIUM and PROTON concentration.

Paired but separate cavity within the THORACIC CAVITY. It consists of the space between the parietal and visceral PLEURA and normally contains a capillary layer of serous fluid that lubricates the pleural surfaces.

Recording of electric currents developed in the brain by means of electrodes applied to the scalp, to the surface of the brain, or placed within the substance of the brain.

A voltage-gated sodium channel subtype that mediates the sodium ion PERMEABILITY of CARDIOMYOCYTES. Defects in the SCN5A gene, which codes for the alpha subunit of this sodium channel, are associated with a variety of CARDIAC DISEASES that result from loss of sodium channel function.

Specialized junctions at which a neuron communicates with a target cell. At classical synapses, a neuron's presynaptic terminal releases a chemical transmitter stored in synaptic vesicles which diffuses across a narrow synaptic cleft and activates receptors on the postsynaptic membrane of the target cell. The target may be a dendrite, cell body, or axon of another neuron, or a specialized region of a muscle or secretory cell. Neurons may also communicate via direct electrical coupling with ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES. Several other non-synaptic chemical or electric signal transmitting processes occur via extracellular mediated interactions.

The combination of genetic and optical methods in controlling specific events with temporal precision in targeted cells of a functioning intact biological system.

Signal transduction mechanisms whereby calcium mobilization (from outside the cell or from intracellular storage pools) to the cytoplasm is triggered by external stimuli. Calcium signals are often seen to propagate as waves, oscillations, spikes, sparks, or puffs. The calcium acts as an intracellular messenger by activating calcium-responsive proteins.

Impaired conduction of cardiac impulse that can occur anywhere along the conduction pathway, such as between the SINOATRIAL NODE and the right atrium (SA block) or between atria and ventricles (AV block). Heart blocks can be classified by the duration, frequency, or completeness of conduction block. Reversibility depends on the degree of structural or functional defects.

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the HEART VENTRICLES.

The communication from a NEURON to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a SYNAPSE. In chemical synaptic transmission, the presynaptic neuron releases a NEUROTRANSMITTER that diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to specific synaptic receptors, activating them. The activated receptors modulate specific ion channels and/or second-messenger systems in the postsynaptic cell. In electrical synaptic transmission, electrical signals are communicated as an ionic current flow across ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES.

The commonest and widest ranging species of the clawed "frog" (Xenopus) in Africa. This species is used extensively in research. There is now a significant population in California derived from escaped laboratory animals.

Surgically placed electric conductors through which ELECTRIC STIMULATION is delivered to or electrical activity is recorded from a specific point inside the body.

Diagnosis of disease states by recording the spontaneous electrical activity of tissues or organs or by the response to stimulation of electrically excitable tissue.

Recording of the average amplitude of the resting potential arising between the cornea and the retina in light and dark adaptation as the eyes turn a standard distance to the right and the left. The increase in potential with light adaptation is used to evaluate the condition of the retinal pigment epithelium.

The lower right and left chambers of the heart. The right ventricle pumps venous BLOOD into the LUNGS and the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic arterial circulation.

Methods of creating machines and devices.

A device designed to stimulate, by electric impulses, contraction of the heart muscles. It may be temporary (external) or permanent (internal or internal-external).

The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.

A group of slow opening and closing voltage-gated potassium channels. Because of their delayed activation kinetics they play an important role in controlling ACTION POTENTIAL duration.

Abnormally rapid heartbeats with sudden onset and cessation.

The propagation of the NERVE IMPULSE along the nerve away from the site of an excitation stimulus.

A curved elevation of GRAY MATTER extending the entire length of the floor of the TEMPORAL HORN of the LATERAL VENTRICLE (see also TEMPORAL LOBE). The hippocampus proper, subiculum, and DENTATE GYRUS constitute the hippocampal formation. Sometimes authors include the ENTORHINAL CORTEX in the hippocampal formation.

Electrical responses recorded from nerve, muscle, SENSORY RECEPTOR, or area of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM following stimulation. They range from less than a microvolt to several microvolts. The evoked potential can be auditory (EVOKED POTENTIALS, AUDITORY), somatosensory (EVOKED POTENTIALS, SOMATOSENSORY), visual (EVOKED POTENTIALS, VISUAL), or motor (EVOKED POTENTIALS, MOTOR), or other modalities that have been reported.

Female germ cells derived from OOGONIA and termed OOCYTES when they enter MEIOSIS. The primary oocytes begin meiosis but are arrested at the diplotene state until OVULATION at PUBERTY to give rise to haploid secondary oocytes or ova (OVUM).

Electric conductors through which electric currents enter or leave a medium, whether it be an electrolytic solution, solid, molten mass, gas, or vacuum.

An abnormally rapid ventricular rhythm usually in excess of 150 beats per minute. It is generated within the ventricle below the BUNDLE OF HIS, either as autonomic impulse formation or reentrant impulse conduction. Depending on the etiology, onset of ventricular tachycardia can be paroxysmal (sudden) or nonparoxysmal, its wide QRS complexes can be uniform or polymorphic, and the ventricular beating may be independent of the atrial beating (AV dissociation).

Abnormally rapid heartbeats caused by reentry of atrial impulse into the dual (fast and slow) pathways of ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE. The common type involves a blocked atrial impulse in the slow pathway which reenters the fast pathway in a retrograde direction and simultaneously conducts to the atria and the ventricles leading to rapid HEART RATE of 150-250 beats per minute.

Agents used for the treatment or prevention of cardiac arrhythmias. They may affect the polarization-repolarization phase of the action potential, its excitability or refractoriness, or impulse conduction or membrane responsiveness within cardiac fibers. Anti-arrhythmia agents are often classed into four main groups according to their mechanism of action: sodium channel blockade, beta-adrenergic blockade, repolarization prolongation, or calcium channel blockade.

An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.

A cell line generated from human embryonic kidney cells that were transformed with human adenovirus type 5.

Long-lasting voltage-gated CALCIUM CHANNELS found in both excitable and nonexcitable tissue. They are responsible for normal myocardial and vascular smooth muscle contractility. Five subunits (alpha-1, alpha-2, beta, gamma, and delta) make up the L-type channel. The alpha-1 subunit is the binding site for calcium-based antagonists. Dihydropyridine-based calcium antagonists are used as markers for these binding sites.

The ability of a substrate to allow the passage of ELECTRONS.

Rapid, irregular atrial contractions caused by a block of electrical impulse conduction in the right atrium and a reentrant wave front traveling up the inter-atrial septum and down the right atrial free wall or vice versa. Unlike ATRIAL FIBRILLATION which is caused by abnormal impulse generation, typical atrial flutter is caused by abnormal impulse conduction. As in atrial fibrillation, patients with atrial flutter cannot effectively pump blood into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES).

A family of delayed rectifier voltage-gated potassium channels that share homology with their founding member, KCNQ1 PROTEIN. KCNQ potassium channels have been implicated in a variety of diseases including LONG QT SYNDROME; DEAFNESS; and EPILEPSY.

Modified cardiac muscle fibers composing the terminal portion of the heart conduction system.

A class of drugs that act by inhibition of potassium efflux through cell membranes. Blockade of potassium channels prolongs the duration of ACTION POTENTIALS. They are used as ANTI-ARRHYTHMIA AGENTS and VASODILATOR AGENTS.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

A conical fibro-serous sac surrounding the HEART and the roots of the great vessels (AORTA; VENAE CAVAE; PULMONARY ARTERY). Pericardium consists of two sacs: the outer fibrous pericardium and the inner serous pericardium. The latter consists of an outer parietal layer facing the fibrous pericardium, and an inner visceral layer (epicardium) resting next to the heart, and a pericardial cavity between these two layers.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

A condition that is characterized by episodes of fainting (SYNCOPE) and varying degree of ventricular arrhythmia as indicated by the prolonged QT interval. The inherited forms are caused by mutation of genes encoding cardiac ion channel proteins. The two major forms are ROMANO-WARD SYNDROME and JERVELL-LANGE NIELSEN SYNDROME.

Abnormally rapid heartbeats originating from one or more automatic foci (nonsinus pacemakers) in the HEART ATRIUM but away from the SINOATRIAL NODE. Unlike the reentry mechanism, automatic tachycardia speeds up and slows down gradually. The episode is characterized by a HEART RATE between 135 to less than 200 beats per minute and lasting 30 seconds or longer.

The veins that return the oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.

A meshlike structure composed of interconnecting nerve cells that are separated at the synaptic junction or joined to one another by cytoplasmic processes. In invertebrates, for example, the nerve net allows nerve impulses to spread over a wide area of the net because synapses can pass information in any direction.

The ten-layered nervous tissue membrane of the eye. It is continuous with the OPTIC NERVE and receives images of external objects and transmits visual impulses to the brain. Its outer surface is in contact with the CHOROID and the inner surface with the VITREOUS BODY. The outer-most layer is pigmented, whereas the inner nine layers are transparent.

Mature contractile cells, commonly known as myocytes, that form one of three kinds of muscle. The three types of muscle cells are skeletal (MUSCLE FIBERS, SKELETAL), cardiac (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC), and smooth (MYOCYTES, SMOOTH MUSCLE). They are derived from embryonic (precursor) muscle cells called MYOBLASTS.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

A subclass of ion channels that open or close in response to the binding of specific LIGANDS.

A heterogenous group of transient or low voltage activated type CALCIUM CHANNELS. They are found in cardiac myocyte membranes, the sinoatrial node, Purkinje cells of the heart and the central nervous system.

The small mass of modified cardiac muscle fibers located at the junction of the superior vena cava (VENA CAVA, SUPERIOR) and right atrium. Contraction impulses probably start in this node, spread over the atrium (HEART ATRIUM) and are then transmitted by the atrioventricular bundle (BUNDLE OF HIS) to the ventricle (HEART VENTRICLE).

The electric response evoked in the cerebral cortex by visual stimulation or stimulation of the visual pathways.

A form of ventricular pre-excitation characterized by a short PR interval and a long QRS interval with a delta wave. In this syndrome, atrial impulses are abnormally conducted to the HEART VENTRICLES via an ACCESSORY CONDUCTING PATHWAY that is located between the wall of the right or left atria and the ventricles, also known as a BUNDLE OF KENT. The inherited form can be caused by mutation of PRKAG2 gene encoding a gamma-2 regulatory subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase.

A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Refers to animals in the period of time just after birth.

Cell surface proteins which bind GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID and contain an integral membrane chloride channel. Each receptor is assembled as a pentamer from a pool of at least 19 different possible subunits. The receptors belong to a superfamily that share a common CYSTEINE loop.

Area of the parietal lobe concerned with receiving sensations such as movement, pain, pressure, position, temperature, touch, and vibration. It lies posterior to the central sulcus.

Cell membrane glycoproteins that form channels to selectively pass chloride ions. Nonselective blockers include FENAMATES; ETHACRYNIC ACID; and TAMOXIFEN.

The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.

Voltage-dependent cell membrane glycoproteins selectively permeable to calcium ions. They are categorized as L-, T-, N-, P-, Q-, and R-types based on the activation and inactivation kinetics, ion specificity, and sensitivity to drugs and toxins. The L- and T-types are present throughout the cardiovascular and central nervous systems and the N-, P-, Q-, & R-types are located in neuronal tissue.

A member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23.

An aminoperhydroquinazoline poison found mainly in the liver and ovaries of fishes in the order TETRAODONTIFORMES, which are eaten. The toxin causes paresthesia and paralysis through interference with neuromuscular conduction.

The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of the neurological system, processes or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Standards for limiting worker exposure to airborne contaminants. They are the maximum concentration in air at which it is believed that a particular substance will not produce adverse health effects with repeated daily exposure. It can be a time-weighted average (TLV-TWA), a short-term value (TLV-STEL), or an instantaneous value (TLV-Ceiling). They are expressed either as parts per million (ppm) or milligram per cubic meter (mg/m3).

Depolarization of membrane potentials at the SYNAPTIC MEMBRANES of target neurons during neurotransmission. Excitatory postsynaptic potentials can singly or in summation reach the trigger threshold for ACTION POTENTIALS.

A family of membrane proteins that selectively conduct SODIUM ions due to changes in the TRANSMEMBRANE POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE. They typically have a multimeric structure with a core alpha subunit that defines the sodium channel subtype and several beta subunits that modulate sodium channel activity.

The physiological mechanisms that govern the rhythmic occurrence of certain biochemical, physiological, and behavioral phenomena.

Agents that affect ION PUMPS; ION CHANNELS; ABC TRANSPORTERS; and other MEMBRANE TRANSPORT PROTEINS.

Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.

A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313)

The measurement of magnetic fields generated by electric currents from the heart. The measurement of these fields provides information which is complementary to that provided by ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

The thin serous membrane enveloping the lungs (LUNG) and lining the THORACIC CAVITY. Pleura consist of two layers, the inner visceral pleura lying next to the pulmonary parenchyma and the outer parietal pleura. Between the two layers is the PLEURAL CAVITY which contains a thin film of liquid.

The capacity of the NERVOUS SYSTEM to change its reactivity as the result of successive activations.

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

An electrical current applied to the HEART to terminate a disturbance of its rhythm, ARRHYTHMIAS, CARDIAC. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Application of principles and practices of engineering science to biomedical research and health care.

Agents affecting the function of, or mimicking the actions of, the autonomic nervous system and thereby having an effect on such processes as respiration, circulation, digestion, body temperature regulation, certain endocrine gland secretions, etc.

Disease involving the median nerve, from its origin at the BRACHIAL PLEXUS to its termination in the hand. Clinical features include weakness of wrist and finger flexion, forearm pronation, thenar abduction, and loss of sensation over the lateral palm, first three fingers, and radial half of the ring finger. Common sites of injury include the elbow, where the nerve passes through the two heads of the pronator teres muscle (pronator syndrome) and in the carpal tunnel (CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME).

The thin layer of GRAY MATTER on the surface of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES that develops from the TELENCEPHALON and folds into gyri and sulchi. It reaches its highest development in humans and is responsible for intellectual faculties and higher mental functions.

The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Transmission of the readings of instruments to a remote location by means of wires, radio waves, or other means. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

A voltage-gated potassium channel that is expressed primarily in the HEART.

Computer-assisted processing of electric, ultrasonic, or electronic signals to interpret function and activity.

Imaging techniques used to colocalize sites of brain functions or physiological activity with brain structures.

The nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord, including the autonomic, cranial, and spinal nerves. Peripheral nerves contain non-neuronal cells and connective tissue as well as axons. The connective tissue layers include, from the outside to the inside, the epineurium, the perineurium, and the endoneurium.

A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia that is characterized by uncoordinated extremely rapid firing of electrical impulses (400-600/min) in HEART VENTRICLES. Such asynchronous ventricular quivering or fibrillation prevents any effective cardiac output and results in unconsciousness (SYNCOPE). It is one of the major electrocardiographic patterns seen with CARDIAC ARREST.

Preclinical testing of drugs in experimental animals or in vitro for their biological and toxic effects and potential clinical applications.

Substances used for their pharmacological actions on any aspect of neurotransmitter systems. Neurotransmitter agents include agonists, antagonists, degradation inhibitors, uptake inhibitors, depleters, precursors, and modulators of receptor function.

Drugs that bind to but do not activate excitatory amino acid receptors, thereby blocking the actions of agonists.

Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a HEART RATE above 100 beats per minute for adults. Tachycardia accompanied by disturbance in the cardiac depolarization (cardiac arrhythmia) is called tachyarrhythmia.

Non-human animals, selected because of specific characteristics, for use in experimental research, teaching, or testing.

Most generally any NEURONS which are not motor or sensory. Interneurons may also refer to neurons whose AXONS remain within a particular brain region in contrast to projection neurons, which have axons projecting to other brain regions.

Neural tracts connecting one part of the nervous system with another.

A class of ionotropic glutamate receptors characterized by affinity for N-methyl-D-aspartate. NMDA receptors have an allosteric binding site for glycine which must be occupied for the channel to open efficiently and a site within the channel itself to which magnesium ions bind in a voltage-dependent manner. The positive voltage dependence of channel conductance and the high permeability of the conducting channel to calcium ions (as well as to monovalent cations) are important in excitotoxicity and neuronal plasticity.

One of the two major classes of cholinergic receptors. Nicotinic receptors were originally distinguished by their preference for NICOTINE over MUSCARINE. They are generally divided into muscle-type and neuronal-type (previously ganglionic) based on pharmacology, and subunit composition of the receptors.

Potassium channels whose activation is dependent on intracellular calcium concentrations.

The observable response an animal makes to any situation.

Implantable devices which continuously monitor the electrical activity of the heart and automatically detect and terminate ventricular tachycardia (TACHYCARDIA, VENTRICULAR) and VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION. They consist of an impulse generator, batteries, and electrodes.

Inorganic compounds derived from hydrochloric acid that contain the Cl- ion.

Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve roots, ganglia, plexi, autonomic nerves, sensory nerves, and motor nerves.

Specialized junctions between NEURONS which connect the cytoplasm of one neuron to another allowing direct passage of an ion current.

Single chains of amino acids that are the units of multimeric PROTEINS. Multimeric proteins can be composed of identical or non-identical subunits. One or more monomeric subunits may compose a protomer which itself is a subunit structure of a larger assembly.

An enzyme that plays a role in the GLUTAMATE and butanoate metabolism pathways by catalyzing the oxidation of succinate semialdehyde to SUCCINATE using NAD+ as a coenzyme. Deficiency of this enzyme, causes 4-hydroxybutyricaciduria, a rare inborn error in the metabolism of the neurotransmitter 4-aminobutyric acid (GABA).

Potassium channels where the flow of K+ ions into the cell is greater than the outward flow.

A transient loss of consciousness and postural tone caused by diminished blood flow to the brain (i.e., BRAIN ISCHEMIA). Presyncope refers to the sensation of lightheadedness and loss of strength that precedes a syncopal event or accompanies an incomplete syncope. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp367-9)

A variety of neuromuscular conditions resulting from MUTATIONS in ION CHANNELS manifesting as episodes of EPILEPSY; HEADACHE DISORDERS; and DYSKINESIAS.

The class Insecta, in the phylum ARTHROPODA, whose members are characterized by division into three parts: head, thorax, and abdomen. They are the dominant group of animals on earth; several hundred thousand different kinds having been described. Three orders, HEMIPTERA; DIPTERA; and SIPHONAPTERA; are of medical interest in that they cause disease in humans and animals. (From Borror et al., An Introduction to the Study of Insects, 4th ed, p1)

A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

A technique for maintenance or growth of animal organs in vitro. It refers to three-dimensional cultures of undisaggregated tissue retaining some or all of the histological features of the tissue in vivo. (Freshney, Culture of Animal Cells, 3d ed, p1)

Production of an image when x-rays strike a fluorescent screen.

A purinergic P2X neurotransmitter receptor involved in sensory signaling of TASTE PERCEPTION, chemoreception, visceral distension and NEUROPATHIC PAIN. The receptor comprises three P2X2 subunits. The P2X2 subunits also have been found associated with P2X3 RECEPTOR subunits in a heterotrimeric receptor variant.

The 10th cranial nerve. The vagus is a mixed nerve which contains somatic afferents (from skin in back of the ear and the external auditory meatus), visceral afferents (from the pharynx, larynx, thorax, and abdomen), parasympathetic efferents (to the thorax and abdomen), and efferents to striated muscle (of the larynx and pharynx).

Agents that emit light after excitation by light. The wave length of the emitted light is usually longer than that of the incident light. Fluorochromes are substances that cause fluorescence in other substances, i.e., dyes used to mark or label other compounds with fluorescent tags.

The function of opposing or restraining the excitation of neurons or their target excitable cells.

A non-essential amino acid. It is found primarily in gelatin and silk fibroin and used therapeutically as a nutrient. It is also a fast inhibitory neurotransmitter.

Adjustment of the eyes under conditions of low light. The sensitivity of the eye to light is increased during dark adaptation.

Investigative technique commonly used during ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY in which a series of bright light flashes or visual patterns are used to elicit brain activity.

The concave interior of the eye, consisting of the retina, the choroid, the sclera, the optic disk, and blood vessels, seen by means of the ophthalmoscope. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)

Unexpected rapid natural death due to cardiovascular collapse within one hour of initial symptoms. It is usually caused by the worsening of existing heart diseases. The sudden onset of symptoms, such as CHEST PAIN and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS, particularly VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA, can lead to the loss of consciousness and cardiac arrest followed by biological death. (from Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, 7th ed., 2005)

Cell-surface proteins that bind glutamate and trigger changes which influence the behavior of cells. Glutamate receptors include ionotropic receptors (AMPA, kainate, and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors), which directly control ion channels, and metabotropic receptors which act through second messenger systems. Glutamate receptors are the most common mediators of fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. They have also been implicated in the mechanisms of memory and of many diseases.

Agents that induce various degrees of analgesia; depression of consciousness, circulation, and respiration; relaxation of skeletal muscle; reduction of reflex activity; and amnesia. There are two types of general anesthetics, inhalation and intravenous. With either type, the arterial concentration of drug required to induce anesthesia varies with the condition of the patient, the desired depth of anesthesia, and the concomitant use of other drugs. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p.173)

Wave-like oscillations of electric potential between parts of the brain recorded by EEG.

The distal terminations of axons which are specialized for the release of neurotransmitters. Also included are varicosities along the course of axons which have similar specializations and also release transmitters. Presynaptic terminals in both the central and peripheral nervous systems are included.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

A class of chemicals derived from barbituric acid or thiobarbituric acid. Many of these are GABA MODULATORS used as HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES, as ANESTHETICS, or as ANTICONVULSANTS.

The innermost layer of the heart, comprised of endothelial cells.

Endogenous compounds and drugs that bind to and activate GABA-A RECEPTORS.

Protein analogs and derivatives of the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein that emit light (FLUORESCENCE) when excited with ULTRAVIOLET RAYS. They are used in REPORTER GENES in doing GENETIC TECHNIQUES. Numerous mutants have been made to emit other colors or be sensitive to pH.

Procedures in which placement of CARDIAC CATHETERS is performed for therapeutic or diagnostic procedures.

Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

Substances used for their pharmacological actions on glycinergic systems. Glycinergic agents include agonists, antagonists, degradation or uptake inhibitors, depleters, precursors, and modulators of receptor function.

The movement of ions across energy-transducing cell membranes. Transport can be active, passive or facilitated. Ions may travel by themselves (uniport), or as a group of two or more ions in the same (symport) or opposite (antiport) directions.

Substances used for their pharmacological actions on GABAergic systems. GABAergic agents include agonists, antagonists, degradation or uptake inhibitors, depleters, precursors, and modulators of receptor function.

Any drug used for its actions on cholinergic systems. Included here are agonists and antagonists, drugs that affect the life cycle of ACETYLCHOLINE, and drugs that affect the survival of cholinergic neurons. The term cholinergic agents is sometimes still used in the narrower sense of MUSCARINIC AGONISTS, although most modern texts discourage that usage.

Hyperpolarization of membrane potentials at the SYNAPTIC MEMBRANES of target neurons during NEUROTRANSMISSION. They are local changes which diminish responsiveness to excitatory signals.

The study of PHYSICAL PHENOMENA and PHYSICAL PROCESSES as applied to living things.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

A specialized field of physics and engineering involved in studying the behavior and properties of light and the technology of analyzing, generating, transmitting, and manipulating ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION in the visible, infrared, and ultraviolet range.

The voltages across pre- or post-SYNAPTIC MEMBRANES.

A class of drugs that act by selective inhibition of calcium influx through cellular membranes.

The study of fluid channels and chambers of tiny dimensions of tens to hundreds of micrometers and volumes of nanoliters or picoliters. This is of interest in biological MICROCIRCULATION and used in MICROCHEMISTRY and INVESTIGATIVE TECHNIQUES.

The electric response evoked in the CEREBRAL CORTEX by stimulation along AFFERENT PATHWAYS from PERIPHERAL NERVES to CEREBRUM.

Cell surface receptors that bind GLYCINE with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behavior of cells. Glycine receptors in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM have an intrinsic chloride channel and are usually inhibitory.

Diagnostic and therapeutic procedures that are invasive or surgical in nature, and require the expertise of a specially trained radiologist. In general, they are more invasive than diagnostic imaging but less invasive than major surgery. They often involve catheterization, fluoroscopy, or computed tomography. Some examples include percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, percutaneous transthoracic biopsy, balloon angioplasty, and arterial embolization.

A short vein that collects about two thirds of the venous blood from the MYOCARDIUM and drains into the RIGHT ATRIUM. Coronary sinus, normally located between the LEFT ATRIUM and LEFT VENTRICLE on the posterior surface of the heart, can serve as an anatomical reference for cardiac procedures.

Contractile activity of the MYOCARDIUM.

Time period from 1801 through 1900 of the common era.

A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task.

An aquatic genus of the family, Pipidae, occurring in Africa and distinguished by having black horny claws on three inner hind toes.

A retrogressive pathological change in the retina, focal or generalized, caused by genetic defects, inflammation, trauma, vascular disease, or aging. Degeneration affecting predominantly the macula lutea of the retina is MACULAR DEGENERATION. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p304)

Studies to determine the advantages or disadvantages, practicability, or capability of accomplishing a projected plan, study, or project.

A subgroup of cyclic nucleotide-regulated ION CHANNELS of the superfamily of pore-loop cation channels that are opened by hyperpolarization rather than depolarization. The ion conducting pore passes SODIUM, CALCIUM, and POTASSIUM cations with a preference for potassium.

A type of cardiac arrhythmia with premature contractions of the HEART VENTRICLES. It is characterized by the premature QRS complex on ECG that is of abnormal shape and great duration (generally >129 msec). It is the most common form of all cardiac arrhythmias. Premature ventricular complexes have no clinical significance except in concurrence with heart diseases.

Effect of electrotonic potentials on pacemaker activity of canine Purkinje fibers in relation to parasystole. (1/18018)

Isolated false tendons excised form dog hearts were mounted in a three-chamber tissue bath. Isotonic sucrose solution was perfused in the central chamber to provide a region of depressed conductivity between the fiber segments in chambers 1 and 3, which were perfused with Tyrode's solution. The electrotonic influence of spontaneous or driven responses evoked in chamber 3 during the first half of the spontaneous cycle of a chamber 1 peacemaker delayed the next spontaneous discharge. This effect changed to acceleration when the chamber 3 segment fired during the second half of the spontaneous cycle. We found that subthreshold depolarizing current pulses 50-300 msec applied across the sucrose gap caused similar degrees of delay or acceleration. Furthermore, hyperpolarizing currents caused the reverse pattern. The results indicate that the discharge pattern of a parasystolic focus may be altered by the electrotonic influence of activity in the surrounding tissue. The significance of these findings is considered in relation to the mechanism of production of parasystolic rhythms. (+info)

The posterior nasal nerve plays an important role on cardiopulmonary reflexes to nasal application of capsaicin, distilled water and l-menthol in anesthetized dogs. (2/18018)

The sensory innervation of the cardiopulmonary reflexes to nasal application of capsaicin (CAPS), distilled water (DW) and l-menthol (LM) was studied in anesthetized dogs breathing through tracheostomy. A marked cardiopulmonary reflex was observed by CAPS and DW into the nasal cavity, while a prolongation of expiration was induced by LM. All these reflexes were significantly decreased by bilateral section of the posterior nasal nerve (PNN) and completely abolished by topical nasal anesthesia with lidocaine. Responses of the whole nerve activity of the PNN to these substances corresponded to the magnitude of the reflexes. These results indicate that PNN afferents play an important role on the reflex elicitation of the noxious, water and cold stimuli from the nasal cavity. (+info)

Characterization of elementary Ca2+ release signals in NGF-differentiated PC12 cells and hippocampal neurons. (3/18018)

Elementary Ca2+ release signals in nerve growth factor- (NGF-) differentiated PC12 cells and hippocampal neurons, functionally analogous to the "Ca2+ sparks" and "Ca2+ puffs" identified in other cell types, were characterized by confocal microscopy. They either occurred spontaneously or could be activated by caffeine and metabotropic agonists. The release events were dissimilar to the sparks and puffs described so far, as many arose from clusters of both ryanodine receptors (RyRs) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (InsP3Rs). Increasing either the stimulus strength or loading of the intracellular stores enhanced the frequency of and coupling between elementary release sites and evoked global Ca2+ signals. In the PC12 cells, the elementary Ca2+ release preferentially occurred around the branch points. Spatio-temporal recruitment of such elementary release events may regulate neuronal activities. (+info)

Differential effects of a segment of slow conduction on reentrant ventricular tachycardia in the rabbit heart. (4/18018)

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to compare differential effects of a segment of slow conduction during ventricular tachycardia (VT) due to depression of the action potential and electrical uncoupling. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 33 Langendorff-perfused rabbit hearts, a ring of anisotropic left ventricular subepicardium was created by a cryoprocedure. Reentrant VT was produced by incremental pacing. Slow conduction in a segment of the ring was created by selective perfusion of the LAD with 10 mmol/L potassium or 0.75 mmol/L heptanol. As a result, VT cycle length increased from 193+/-34 to 235+/-37 ms (potassium) and 227+/-42 ms (heptanol). Reset curves were made by applying premature stimuli proximal to the area of depressed conduction. In a ring of uniform anisotropic tissue, the reset curve was almost completely flat. Electrical uncoupling of part of the ring (nonuniform anisotropy) resulted in a mixed reset curve. In both substrates, early premature beats failed to terminate VT. Depression of part of the ring by increasing K+ resulted in a completely sloped reset curve, indicating a gap of partial excitability. Under these conditions, in 19 of 24 hearts, premature beats terminated VT by conduction block in the high K+ area. CONCLUSIONS: The nature of the area of slow conduction determines the type of reset response and the ability to terminate VT. (+info)

Gabapentin suppresses ectopic nerve discharges and reverses allodynia in neuropathic rats. (5/18018)

Repetitive ectopic discharges from injured afferent nerves play an important role in initiation and maintenance of neuropathic pain. Gabapentin is effective for treatment of neuropathic pain but the sites and mechanisms of its antinociceptive actions remain uncertain. In the present study, we tested a hypothesis that therapeutic doses of gabapentin suppress ectopic afferent discharge activity generated from injured peripheral nerves. Mechanical allodynia, induced by partial ligation of the sciatic nerve in rats, was determined by application of von Frey filaments to the hindpaw. Single-unit afferent nerve activity was recorded proximal to the ligated sciatic nerve site. Intravenous gabapentin, in a range of 30 to 90 mg/kg, significantly attenuated allodynia in nerve-injured rats. Furthermore, gabapentin, in the same therapeutic dose range, dose-dependently inhibited the ectopic discharge activity of 15 injured sciatic afferent nerve fibers through an action on impulse generation. However, the conduction velocity and responses of 12 normal afferent fibers to mechanical stimulation were not affected by gabapentin. Therefore, this study provides electrophysiological evidence that gabapentin is capable of suppressing the ectopic discharge activity from injured peripheral nerves. This action may contribute, at least in part, to the antiallodynic effect of gabapentin on neuropathic pain. (+info)

Intestinal prokinesia by two esters of 4-amino-5-chloro-2- methoxybenzoic acid: involvement of 5-hydroxytryptamine-4 receptors and dissociation from cardiac effects in vivo. (6/18018)

In five fasting, conscious dogs, we compared the prokinetic action of two selective 5-hydroxytryptamine-4 (5-HT4) receptor agonists with low affinity for 5-HT3 receptors ML10302 (2-piperidinoethyl 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoate) and SR59768 (2-[(3S)-3-hydroxypiperidino]ethyl 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoate) in the duodenum and jejunum, using cisapride as a reference compound. Heart rate and rate-corrected QT (QTc) also were monitored to assess whether or not the cardiac effects of cisapride are shared by other 5-HT4 receptor agonists. Both ML10302 and SR59768 dose-dependently stimulated spike activity in the duodenum with similar potencies (dose range, 3-300 nmol/kg i.v.; ED50 values: 24 and 23 nmol/kg i.v., respectively), mimicking the effect of cisapride (30-3000 nmol/kg i.v.). The maximal effect was achieved with the dose of 100 nmol/kg i.v. for both compounds. Similar findings were obtained in the jejunum. Atropine and GR125487 (1-[2-[(methylsulfonyl)amino]ethyl]-4-piperidinyl-methyl 5-fluoro-2-methoxy-1H-indole-3-carboxylate, selective 5-HT4 receptor antagonist), at doses having no effect per se, antagonized intestinal prokinesia by maximal doses of ML10302 and SR59768. Neither ML10302 nor SR59768 had any effect on heart rate or QTc at any of the doses tested, whereas cisapride, at the highest dose (3000 nmol/kg), induced tachycardia and lengthened the QTC (p <.01). In conclusion, ML10302 and SR59768 share with cisapride a similar prokinetic action in the canine duodenum and jejunum in vivo. This effect is mediated by pathways involving activation of 5-HT4 and muscarinic receptors. Unlike cisapride, which induces tachycardia and prolongs the QTc by a mechanism probably unrelated to 5-HT4 receptor activation, ML10302 and SR59768 are devoid of cardiac effects in this model. (+info)

Nonlinear tension summation of different combinations of motor units in the anesthetized cat peroneus longus muscle. (7/18018)

The purpose of this study was to examine the linearity of summation of the forces produced by the stimulation of different combinations of type identified motor units (MUs) in the cat peroneus longus muscle (PL) under isometric conditions. The muscle was fixed at its twitch optimal length, and the tension produced by the single MU was recorded during 24- and 72-Hz stimulation. The summation analysis was first carried out for MUs belonging to the same functional group, and then different combinations of fast fatigable (FF) MUs were added to the nonfatigable slow (S) and fatigue resistant (FR) group. The tension resulting from the combined stimulation of increasing numbers of MUs (measured tension) was evaluated and compared with the linearly predicted value, calculated by adding algebraically the tension produced by the individual MUs assembled in the combination (calculated tension). Tension summation displayed deviations from linearity. S and FR MUs mainly showed marked more than linear summation; FF MUs yielded either more or less than linear summation; and, when the FF units were recruited after the S and FR MUs, less than linear summation always occurred. The magnitude of the nonlinear summation appeared stimulus frequency dependent for the fatigable FF and FI group. The relationship between measured tension and calculated tension for each MU combination was examined, and linear regression lines were fitted to each set of data. The high correlation coefficients and the different slope values for the different MU-type combinations suggested that the nonlinear summation was MU-type specific. The mechanisms of nonlinear summations are discussed by considering the consequences of internal shortening and thus the mechanical interactions among MUs and shifts in muscle fiber length to a more or less advantageous portion of single MU length-tension curves. (+info)

Regulation of cardiac L-type Ca2+ channel by coexpression of G(alpha s) in Xenopus oocytes. (8/18018)

Activation of G(alpha s) via beta-adrenergic receptors enhances the activity of cardiac voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels of the L-type, mainly via protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent phosphorylation. Contribution of a PKA-independent effect of G(alpha s) has been proposed but remains controversial. We demonstrate that, in Xenopus oocytes, antisense knockdown of endogenous G(alpha s) reduced, whereas coexpression of G(alpha s) enhanced, currents via expressed cardiac L-type channels, independently of the presence of the auxiliary subunits alpha2/delta or beta2A. Coexpression of G(alpha s) did not increase the amount of alpha1C protein in whole oocytes or in the plasma membrane (measured immunochemically). Activation of coexpressed beta2 adrenergic receptors did not cause a detectable enhancement of channel activity; rather, a small cAMP-dependent decrease was observed. We conclude that coexpression of G(alpha s), but not its acute activation via beta-adrenergic receptors, enhances the activity of the cardiac L-type Ca2+ channel via a PKA-independent effect on the alpha1C subunit. (+info)

"Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology. 8 (2): 296-302. doi:10.1161/CIRCEP.114.001909. PMC 4731871. PMID 25684755.. ... "Arrhythmia & Electrophysiology Review. 7 (4): 265-272. doi:10.15420/aer.2018.41.2. ISSN 2050-3369. PMC 6304798. PMID 30588315. ... "Arrhythmia & Electrophysiology Review. 3 (2): 90-100. doi:10.15420/aer.2014.3.2.90. PMC 4711504. PMID 26835073.. ... Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology. 10 (11): e005579. doi:10.1161/CIRCEP.117.005579. PMID 29109075. S2CID 20081569.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_fibrillation

Electrophysiology[edit]. Main article: Cardiac electrophysiology. The formal study of the electrical conduction system of the ... Electrophysiology study. Cardiac imaging. Angiocardiography. Echocardiography TTE. TEE. Myocardial perfusion imaging. ... Electrophysiology. Electrocardiography Vectorcardiography. Holter monitor. Implantable loop recorder. Cardiac stress test Bruce ... One additional form of ECG is used in clinical cardiac electrophysiology in which a catheter is used to measure the electrical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EKG

Electrophysiology[edit]. An electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG) may be used to identify arrhythmias, ischemic heart disease, right and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_failure

The cardiologists specialize in angioplasty and stent placement; open heart surgery and valve replacement; electrophysiology; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtua_Our_Lady_of_Lourdes_Hospital

"Postoperative Performance of the Quartet Left Ventricular Heart Lead". Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology. Retrieved ... Jude Medical manufactures implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD); pacemakers; electrophysiology catheters; vascular ... Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology. Retrieved 20 March 2014. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) Larry Husten (13 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Jude_Medical

Volkov AG (2006). Plant Electrophysiology. Springer Verlag. Volkov AG, Carrell H, Adesina T, Markin VS, Jovanov E (July 2008 ... Plant neurobiology concerns mostly the sensory adaptive behaviour of plants and plant electrophysiology. Indian scientist J. C ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_perception_(physiology)

Plant Electrophysiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. pp. 109-137. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-37843-3_5. ISBN 978-3-540-37843-3. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-invasive_micro-test_technology

Cardiovascular Electrophysiology. 6 (10 Pt 2): 920-36. doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.1995.tb00368.x. PMID 8548113. S2CID 23136846. ... Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology. 41 (4): 414-421. doi:10.1111/pace.13296. PMID 29405316. S2CID 46795997.CS1 maint: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug-induced_QT_prolongation

Bose, J. C. (1907). Comparative Electrophysiology. Longmans Green. Bose, J. C. (1922). Response in Living and Non-Living. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Glazewski

Wilhelm Biedermann (1898). Electro-physiology. Macmillan. pp. 270-. Katz B, Schmitt OH (February 1940). "Electric interaction ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephaptic_coupling

He is counted as one of the developers of electro-physiology and electro-therapeutics, and he also showed that smiles resulting ... was a French neurologist who revived Galvani's research and greatly advanced the science of electrophysiology. The era of ... In 1855 he formalized the diagnostic principles of electrophysiology and introduced electrotherapy in a textbook titled, De ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillaume_Duchenne

... is used in electrophysiology to study vesicle release events using a carbon fiber electrode. Unlike patch clamp ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amperometry

By electrophysiologyEdit. First, ion-specific microelectrodes can be used to measure the internal free ion concentration of ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietary_magnesium

ElectrophysiologyEdit. Neurons in the OFC respond both to primary reinforcers, as well as cues that predict rewards across ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbitofrontal_cortex

ElectrophysiologyEdit. The mechanoreceptive hair cells of the lateral line structure are integrated into more complex circuits ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lateral_line

Quantitative Cardiac Electrophysiology. Marcel Dekker. p. 48. ISBN 0-8247-0774-5. Ning Qin; Riccardo Olcese; Michael Bransby; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EGTA_(chemical)

Electrophysiology Gerald, F; Philip, A; Kligfield, P; et al. (August 2013). "Exercise Standards for Testing and Training A ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QRS_complex

Cardiac Electrophysiology Review. 6 (1-2): 72-80. doi:10.1023/A:1017943323473. PMID 11984022. Knudsen KA, Wheelock MJ (Aug 1992 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plakoglobin

El-Sherif N, Turitto G, Boutjdir M (May 2019). "Acquired Long QT Syndrome and Electrophysiology of Torsade de Pointes". ... Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology. 4 (6): 958-64. doi:10.1161/CIRCEP.111.965947. PMID 22203660. "QT Drug List by Risk Groups". ... Arrhythmia & Electrophysiology Review. 8 (2): 122-130. doi:10.15420/aer.2019.8.3. PMC 6528034. PMID 31114687. Schwartz PJ, Moss ... Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology. 41 (4): 414-421. doi:10.1111/pace.13296. PMID 29405316. S2CID 46795997. Jáuregui-Garrido ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_QT_syndrome

Electrophysiology Review. 7 (1): 55-61. doi:10.15420/aer.2017.50.1. ISSN 2050-3369. PMC 5889806. PMID 29636974. Haberfeld H, ed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_factor_Xa_inhibitors

De Ponti R, Marazzato J, Bagliani G, Leonelli FM, Padeletti L (June 2018). "Sick Sinus Syndrome". Cardiac Electrophysiology ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinus_node_dysfunction

Marcus, Frank I. (2002). "Update of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia". Cardiac Electrophysiology Review. 6 (1-2): 54- ... Pioneer in Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology Award Heart Rhythm 2005 - Master Clinician of the AHA Council on Clinical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_I._Marcus

Cardiac Electrophysiology Review. 7 (3): 297-299. doi:10.1023/B:CEPR.0000012400.34597.00. PMID 14739732. Álvarez R, López ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intravenous_therapy

Näätänen, R., Alho, K., & Schröger, E. (2002). Electrophysiology of Attention. In H. Pashler & J. Wixted (Eds.), Steven´s ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erich_Schröger

Electrophysiology Review. 5 (1): 45-9. doi:10.15420/aer.2016.3.3. PMC 4939313. PMID 27403293. Rosso R, Kalman JM, Rogowski O, ... Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology. 8 (1): 221-31. doi:10.1161/CIRCEP.114.002321. PMID 25691556. Liu N, Colombi B, Raytcheva- ... Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology. 4 (6): 958-64. doi:10.1161/CIRCEP.111.965947. PMID 22203660. Semsarian C, Ingles J (October ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catecholaminergic_polymorphic_ventricular_tachycardia

Critoph C, Elliott P (December 2010). "Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy". Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics. 2 (4): 587-598. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophic_cardiomyopathy

Josephson, Mark E. (2015-08-10). Josephson's clinical cardiac electrophysiology : techniques and interpretations. Preceded by: ... and Cardiac Cellular Electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 19 (3): 465-511. doi:10.1093/europace/euw301. ... Electrophysiology Review. 6 (1): 29-32. doi:10.15420/aer.2016:35:1. ISSN 2050-3369. PMC 5430943. PMID 28507744.. ... and Cardiac Electrophysiology: Journal of the Working Groups on Cardiac Pacing, Arrhythmias, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accessory_pathway

Hauser, RG; Heilman, MS (May 1991). "The industrialization of the AICD". Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE. 14 (5 Pt ... Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics. 1 (1): 117-127. doi:10.1016/j.ccep.2009.08.010. PMID 28770778.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M._Stephen_Heilman

Colli Franzone, P.; Pavarino, L.F.; Scacchi, S. (30 October 2014). Mathematical cardiac electrophysiology. ISBN 978-3-319-04801 ... "Isogeometric Analysis of the electrophysiology in the human heart: Numerical simulation of the bidomain equations on the atria ... "Computational modelling of cardiac electrophysiology: explanation of the variability of results from different numerical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bueno-Orovio–Cherry–Fenton_model

Electrophysiology study. Cardiac imaging. Angiocardiography. Echocardiography TTE. TEE. Myocardial perfusion imaging. ... A cardiac electrophysiology study (EP test or EP study) is a minimally invasive procedure that tests the electrical conduction ... Electrophysiology. Electrocardiography Vectorcardiography. Holter monitor. Implantable loop recorder. Cardiac stress test Bruce ... "Electrophysiology study" - news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (May 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrophysiology_study

Cardiac electrophysiology is the science of elucidating, diagnosing, and treating the electrical activities of the heart. The ... Cardiac electrophysiology is considered a subspecialty of cardiology in most countries and usually requires two or more years ... The cardiac electrophysiology study (EPS) typically measures the response of the injured or cardiomyopathic myocardium to PES ... Cardiac electrophysiology is a relatively young subdiscipline of cardiology and internal medicine. It was developed during the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_electrophysiology

Global Electrophysiology Market Segmentation: By Product Type - EP ablation catheters, EP diagnostic catheters, EP laboratory ... However, Asia-Pacific electrophysiology market is likely to expand at highest CAGR over the next few years. The high growth in ... Electrophysiology Market Analysis - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends and Forecast 2025. Category : Healthcare and ... Electrophysiology is the division of science that deals with the analysis of electric activity present in human body. ...

https://www.acumenresearchandconsulting.com/electrophysiology-market

Other articles where Electrophysiology is discussed: mechanoreception: Slight deformation of any mechanoreceptive nerve cell ... Electrophysiology. THIS IS A DIRECTORY PAGE. Britannica does not currently have an article on this topic. ... In human eye: Electrophysiology of the visual centres. To elucidate the functions of the various stages in the visual pathway, ... In human eye: Electrophysiology of the retina. Subjective studies on humans can traverse only a certain distance in the ...

https://www.britannica.com/science/electrophysiology

Description of electrophysiology research in the Chemical, Physical and Structural Biology Program, a Ph.D. program in the ... Electrophysiology measures and analyses electrical signals within and between cells, and because of its exquisite sensitivity, ... CPSB faculty members apply electrophysiology to a wide variety of samples, from purified proteins, cultured cells, to live ...

https://www.bcm.edu/education/graduate-school-of-biomedical-sciences/programs/chemical-physical-structural-biology/research/electrophysiology

An electrophysiology study measures the electrical activity of your childs heart. Learn what to expect before, during and ... Electrophysiology Study. An electrophysiology study is a test of the hearts electrical system. It is done to find out why the ... Before the Electrophysiology Study The doctor may want your child to have some tests done before the study. These tests might ... After the Electrophysiology Study. After the study, your child will go to the post-catheterization recovery room. You may be ...

https://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/e/electrophysiology-scan

An electrophysiology (EP) study is a test that records the electrical activity and the electrical pathways of your heart in ... Heart Disease and Electrophysiology Testing Medically Reviewed by James Beckerman, MD, FACC on March 08, 2021 In this Article * ... An electrophysiology (EP) study is a test that records the electrical activity and the electrical pathways of your heart. ...

https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/electrophysiology-test

The Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology is an international publication devoted to fostering research in and ... The Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology is an international publication devoted to fostering research in and ... The Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology is an international publication devoted to fostering research in and ... Get the table of contents of every new issue published in Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology. ...

https://www.springer.com/medicine/cardiology/journal/10840

The study of ion channels is called electrophysiology, and is described in this article. ...

https://www.news-medical.net/life-sciences/Ion-Channel-Electrophysiology.aspx

Corrigan Minehan Heart Center physicians use electrophysiology (EP) studies to better understand the hearts electrical system ... Electrophysiology (EP) Study. Corrigan Minehan Heart Center physicians use electrophysiology (EP) studies to better understand ... Electrophysiology (EP) Study Corrigan Minehan Heart Center 55 Fruit Street Boston, MA 02114 ... After the electrophysiology study, which generally takes one to two hours, the catheters are removed, and pressure is held at ...

https://www.massgeneral.org/heart-center/treatments-and-services/electrophysiology-ep-study

Electrophysiology definition, the branch of physiology dealing with the electric phenomena associated with the body and its ... electrophysiology. noun. *the branch of medical science concerned with the electrical activity associated with bodily processes ...

https://www.dictionary.com/browse/electrophysiology

Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology Three-Dimensional Mapping in Interventional Electrophysiology: Techniques and ... Douglas L. Packer, M.D., Division of Cardiology/Electrophysiology, Mayo School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA ... While this is useful in correlating electrophysiology and CT anatomies, manipulating image files slows down general map ... Cite this: Three-Dimensional Mapping in Interventional Electrophysiology: Techniques and Technology - Medscape - Oct 01, 2005. ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/514067_5

Definition of electrophysiology. Provided by Stedmans medical dictionary and Drugs.com. Includes medical terms and definitions ... electrophysiology. Pronunciation: e-lektro-fize-olo-je. Definition: The branch of science concerned with electrical ...

https://www.drugs.com/dict/electrophysiology.html

Electrophysiology. Electrophysiology is the study of electrical activity in the heart; how the heart beats. Our doctors are ... Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia Service. The Johns Hopkins Arrhythmia Service exists to provide patients with timely and ... We are pleased to provide all of our patients with a Comprehensive Guide to Our Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia Service . ...

https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/heart_vascular_institute/clinical_services/specialty_areas/electrophysiology.html

... cardiovascular medicine at Baylor College of Medicine offers expert electrophysiology... ... The Baylor Medicine Cardiac Electrophysiology team provides the latest diagnosis and treatments for cardiac arrhythmias, ... Our team of cardiac electrophysiology experts provides the latest diagnosis and treatments for cardiac arrhythmias. ...

https://www.bcm.edu/healthcare/specialties/cardiovascular-medicine/you-and-your-heart/cardiac-electrophysiology

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about Science.. NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.. ...

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/216/4550/1102

The Electrophysiology Team is staffed by a team of qualified health professionals experienced in the assessment of heart ... The Electrophysiology Department focuses on diagnosing, predicting and managing abnormalities of your heart rhythm. There are a ... PMCC/Clinics/Electrophysiology_Department/_layouts/15/formserver.aspx?XsnLocation={ItemUrl}&OpenIn=Browser&Source={Source} ... PMCC/Clinics/Electrophysiology_Department/_layouts/15/formserver.aspx?XmlLocation={ItemUrl}&OpenIn=Browser&Source={Source} ...

https://www.uhn.ca/PMCC/Clinics/Electrophysiology_Department/Pages/about_us.aspx

Intracardiac electrophysiology study (EPS) is a test to look at how well the hearts electrical signals are working. It is used ... Intracardiac electrophysiology study (EPS) is a test to look at how well the hearts electrical signals are working. It is used ... The electrophysiology laboratory and electrophysiologic procedures. In: Sorajja P, Lim MJ, Kern MJ, eds. Kerns Cardiac ... Electrophysiology study - intracardiac; EPS - intracardiac; Abnormal heart rhythms - EPS; Bradycardia - EPS; Tachycardia - EPS ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003867.htm

Electrophysiology definition is - physiology that is concerned with the electrical aspects of physiological phenomena. How to ... Share electrophysiology Post the Definition of electrophysiology to Facebook Share the Definition of electrophysiology on ... Comments on electrophysiology What made you want to look up electrophysiology? Please tell us where you read or heard it ( ... Dictionary Entries near electrophysiology. electrophoretogram electrophorus electrophotography electrophysiology electropism ...

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/electrophysiology

Dr Rick McKibben, chairman of the clinical electrophysiology practice group of the Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology and ... Application of electrophysiology testing is a relatively new trend within the physical therapy community and is claimed as ... The requirements for electrophysiology board certification are very rigorous and include over 2000 direct clinical hours in the ... In 2016 only nine physical therapists got certified in clinical electrophysiology five of which are members of Hands-On ...

http://www.prweb.com/releases/2016/09/prweb13715162.htm

... Peter F. effectivespamblock at ozemail.com.au Sat Feb 14 02:28:52 EST 2004 *Previous message: An ...

http://www.bio.net/bionet/mm/neur-sci/2004-February/057136.html

... k p Collins kpaulc at [----------]earthlink.net Wed Feb 11 15:26:19 EST 2004 *Previous message: ...

http://www.bio.net/bionet/mm/neur-sci/2004-February/057065.html

Variable curve electrophysiology catheter. US5944689 *. Jan 29, 1997. Aug 31, 1999. E.P. Technologies, Inc.. Variable curve ... Electrophysiology catheter for mapping and/or ablation. US20050131457 *. Dec 15, 2003. Jun 16, 2005. Ethicon, Inc.. Variable ... Electrophysiology catheter for mapping and/or ablation. US20080161803 *. Oct 31, 2007. Jul 3, 2008. The Regents Of The ... Electrophysiology catheter for mapping and/or ablation. US20040193239 *. Mar 29, 2002. Sep 30, 2004. Falwell Gary S. ...

http://www.google.com/patents/US6074351?dq=5685792

Purchase Case Studies in Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology - 1st Edition. Print Book & E-Book. ISBN 9780323187725, ... Case Studies in Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology helps to bridge the gap between knowledge and application with 28 cases ... Professor of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine; Director,Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology ,Indianapolis, ...

https://www.elsevier.com/books/case-studies-in-clinical-cardiac-electrophysiology/miller/978-0-323-18772-5

M. Jouvet, in: Sleep and altered states of consciousness, p. 86 Ed. S.S. Kety, E.V. Evarts and H.L. Williams, Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore 1967.Google Scholar ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF02003944

Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology in Connecticut. Find comprehensive information, ratings and contact information. ...

https://www.healthgrades.com/clinical-cardiac-electrophysiology-directory/ct-connecticut

... in the last 18 months and the doctors are wanting to do an Electrophysiology study to see if they can find out why Ive had ...

http://www.medhelp.org/posts/Heart-Disease/Electrophysiology-Study-Questions/show/1647300

... ,Philips EP navigator is a new tool that allows you to instantly confirm the position of ... Espion E2 Electrophysiology System. 6. Espion Visual Electrophysiology System. 7. eValuator™ Electrophysiology Catheters. 8. ... Vision Monitor Visual Electrophysiology: MonEl1. 4. Vision Monitor Visual Electrophysiology: MonEl2. 5. ... Philips EP Electrophysiology Navigator. Features. *Shows 3D heart contours and catheters in real-time *Guide mapping procedures ...

http://www.bio-medicine.org/medicine-products/Philips-EP-Electrophysiology-Navigator-25756-1/

Electrophysiology is a specialized service offered through Childrens Heart Institute, one of the top pediatric cardiac centers ... Donate to support Electrophysiology and other lifesaving efforts. Cardiac Electrophysiology is the field of heart care that ... Features of our electrophysiology program include:. *Highly-specialized team. In addition to our electrophysiology physicians, ... Electrophysiology at Childrens: A Collaborative Approach Collaboration among our heart specialists is central to what we do. ...

https://childrensnational.org/departments/childrens-national-heart-institute/cardiology/programs-and-services/electrophysiology-heart-rhythm-team

UPMCs electrophysiology and psychophysics service utilizes a variety of technologies and methods to diagnose retinal and optic ... Visual Electrophysiology and Psychophysics. UPMCs electrophysiology and psychophysics service utilizes a variety of ... The visual electrophysiology tests are objective and non-invasive and are compiled using ISCEV standards. The tests assess ...

https://www.upmc.com/services/eye/services/visual-electrophysiology

The Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology is an international publication devoted to fostering research in and development of interventional techniques and therapies for the management of cardiac arrhythmias. (springer.com)
The Baylor Medicine Cardiac Electrophysiology team provides the latest diagnosis and treatments for cardiac arrhythmias, including pacing techniques: His-bundle and left bundle pacing. (bcm.edu)
Our team of cardiac electrophysiology experts provides the latest diagnosis and treatments for cardiac arrhythmias. (bcm.edu)
This book focuses on the practical aspects of clinical electrophysiology of cardiac arrhythmias in the young. (springer.com)
Case Studies in Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology helps to bridge the gap between knowledge and application with 28 cases spanning both common and uncommon arrhythmias and ablation scenarios, each of which includes the clinical presentation, baseline ECG, ECG during arrhythmia, stepwise electrophysiologic diagnostic maneuvers and some of their pitfalls, and optimal therapy. (elsevier.com)
Cardiac Electrophysiology is the field of heart care that diagnoses and treats heart rhythm abnormalities (arrhythmias). (childrensnational.org)
At Children's National, our pediatric electrophysiology experts have dedicated their careers to diagnosing, treating and managing arrhythmias and syncope (unexplained fainting) in children. (childrensnational.org)
Our electrophysiology team provides you with the most advanced diagnostic and treatment options for arrhythmias or congestive heart failure, including ablation, pacemakers or His bundle procedures. (rush.edu)
Cardiac electrophysiology - a subspecialty of cardiology that focuses on the heart's electrical activity - is a rapidly growing field on the forefront of efforts to find new treatments and cures for arrhythmias. (ucsfhealth.org)
Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology is a branch of cardiology that manages complex cardiac arrhythmias with the use of implantable pacemakers and cardioverter-defibrillators, and also applies other interventional techniques and treatments. (acponline.org)
The Division of Cardiology's Cardiac Electrophysiology Program at UPMC Presbyterian is the largest in the region treating the full range of arrhythmias and other disorders associated with a high risk of sudden death. (upmc.com)
Our two electrophysiology laboratories at the Sulpizio Cardiovascular Center are dedicated to diagnosing and treating abnormal heartbeats, known as arrhythmias. (ucsd.edu)
Electrophysiology Market size is set to exceed USD 6.5 billion by 2024.Increasing prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias will act as primary driver for electrophysiology market. (openpr.com)
Increasing geriatric population and rising prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias will act as major driving factor for China electrophysiology market. (openpr.com)

Cardiac electrophysiology is considered a subspecialty of cardiology in most countries and usually requires two or more years of fellowship training beyond a general cardiology fellowship. (wikipedia.org)
Cardiac electrophysiology is a relatively young subdiscipline of cardiology and internal medicine. (wikipedia.org)
While not as sudden or alarming, Pete's symptoms this time were enough to consult with Gaurang Gandhi, MD, an electrophysiologist with the TriHealth Heart Institute and director of electrophysiology and cardiology at Bethesda North Hospital. (merriam-webster.com)
Clinical cardiac electrophysiology (also referred to as cardiac electrophysiology , arrhythmia services , or electrophysiology ), is a branch of the medical specialty of cardiology and is concerned with the study and treatment of rhythm disorders of the heart . (wikipedia.org)
The training required to become an electrophysiologist is long and requires 7 to 8 years after medical school (in the U.S.). Three years of internal medicine residency , three years of Clinical Cardiology fellowship , and one to two (in most instances) years of clinical cardiac electrophysiology. (wikipedia.org)
Richard N. Fogoros, MD, is a former professor of medicine and a longtime practitioner, researcher and author in the fields of cardiology and cardiac electrophysiology. (wiley.com)

Based on information gathered during an electrophysiology study, Massachusetts General Hospital physicians can diagnose your particular arrhythmia and select the appropriate treatment. (massgeneral.org)

[3] The most recent published edition of Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology: Techniques and Interpretations is the 4th edition in 2008. (wikipedia.org)
An international journal encouraging scientific and clinical communication in interventional cardiac electrophysiology. (springer.com)
The Journal will adopt a multidisciplinary approach to link physical, experimental, and clinical sciences as applied to the development of and practice in interventional electrophysiology. (springer.com)
It is directed at clinical practitioners and investigators in the rapidly growing field of interventional electrophysiology. (springer.com)
Featuring contributions from practicing clinical cardiac electrophysiologists affiliated with the Michigan Congenital Heart Center at the University of Michigan, Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology in the Young, Second Edition, is a premier reference for cardiologists, residents, and medical students. (springer.com)
Members of Hands-On Diagnostics achieve major board certification in Clinical Electrophysiology EMG/NCS Testing and recognized by board member of the American Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology and Wound Management. (prweb.com)
Physical Therapists can become board certified in Clinical Electrophysiology testing and perform electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies (NCS) to patients in need. (prweb.com)
There are only 177 physical therapists who are board certified in clinical electrophysiology compared to almost 12,000 physical therapists certified in orthopedic physical therapy. (prweb.com)
The requirements for electrophysiology board certification are very rigorous and include over 2000 direct clinical hours in the specialty area and completion of 500 EMG/NCS studies. (prweb.com)
In 2016 only nine physical therapists got certified in clinical electrophysiology five of which are members of Hands-On Diagnostics (HODS), based out of New York. (prweb.com)
Dr Rick McKibben, chairman of the clinical electrophysiology practice group of the Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology and Wound Management congratulated the 5 newly certified physical therapists and added:'It is very important to recognize those who become certified. (prweb.com)
Specialization in Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology requires a physician to perform and interpret a number of noninvasive diagnostic procedures such as ambulatory ECG monitoring, event recording, telephone ECG transmission, signal-averaged electrocardiography, tilt table testing, assessment of heart rate variability, and other tests of the autonomic nervous system. (acponline.org)
Three years of Cardiovascular Disease fellowship training in a program accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), including 24 months of clinical training, are required before entering a training program in Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology. (acponline.org)
Training in Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology involves an additional year of fellowship training, ideally pursued immediately following the prerequisite Cardiovascular Disease fellowship training. (acponline.org)
For the 2015-2016 academic year, there are 104 ACGME-accredited training programs in Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology and 161 trainees. (acponline.org)
Successful Diplomates will be awarded an ABIM Subspecialty Certificate in Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology. (acponline.org)
The project group Atrial Arrhythmopathy and Cellular Electrophysiology aims at understanding the electrical and structural mechanisms that promote and sustain different clinical forms of atrial arrhythmopathies. (uni-heidelberg.de)
Exercise independent judgment, problem-solving skills, application of knowledge of clinical electrophysiology. (bcit.ca)
In September, the ACC, American Heart Association and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) released an updated Advanced Training Statement for clinical electrophysiology (EP). (bluetoad.com)
The document complements the Core Cardiovascular Training Statement (COCATS 4), released earlier last year, and explains that the duration of required training for clinical cardiac electrophysiology (CCEP) will increase to two years. (bluetoad.com)
A recent Leadership Page in JACC: Clinical Electrophysiology by Kristen K. Patton, MD, FACC, a member of ACC's Electrophysiology Section Leadership Council, et al. (bluetoad.com)
The clinical cardiac electrophysiology resident will be given the opportunity of acquire the full range of basic and clinical knowledge and clinical skills beyond the introductory level necessary to independently assume the responsibilities of an academic or practicing electrophysiologist. (musc.edu)
Specifically, this includes obtaining an understanding of the electrophysiology of the atrial and ventricular myocardium, sinus node, AV node and His-Purkinje system under normal and diseased conditions and learning how to apply this knowledge to clinical situations and research. (musc.edu)
ABIM updated the Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology MOC exam blueprint (pdf) -the exam content outline-to ensure the exam reflects what clinical cardiac electrophysiologists find most important. (abim.org)
The detailed Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology Maintenance of Certification exam blueprint (pdf) includes content areas covered, their relative percentages and the approximate number of questions in each area to expect on a typical exam. (abim.org)
Dr. Sean Beinart, MD is a clinical cardiac electrophysiology doctor who practices in Rockville, MD. He is 46 years old and has been practicing for 20 years. (healthgrades.com)

In early 2011, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) promoted cardiac electrophysiology to its own specialty category in the United States. (wikipedia.org)

Based on its product types, the electrophysiology market can be classified into three segments, namely, EP ablation catheters, EP diagnostic catheters, and EP laboratory devices. (acumenresearchandconsulting.com)
The electrophysiology laboratory and electrophysiologic procedures. (medlineplus.gov)
The RN, Electrophysiology Lab assists physicians in the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory and Electrophysiology Laboratory. (simplyhired.com)
The Froedtert Electrophysiology Laboratory is specially equipped for the treatment of complex heart rhythm disorders including abnormal rhythms of the upper part of the heart such as Atrial Fibrillation (AF), Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) and potentially dangerous rhythms of the lower part of the heart such as Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) and cardiac arrest. (mcw.edu)
The Electrophysiology Laboratory is specially equipped with state of the art digital fluoroscopy equipment, specialized computerized 3-Dimensional cardiac mapping equipment used to guide ablation and minimize or eliminate the use of x-ray during ablation procedures, and intravascular ultrasound permitting the visualization of structures within the heart. (mcw.edu)
In our laboratory, we apply a wide spectrum of state-of-the-art techniques centered around cellular electrophysiology, including patch-clamp experiments, electric field stimulation and optical imaging of isolated human or iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts. (uni-heidelberg.de)
The Noninvasive Electrophysiology Laboratory boasts advanced technology, including 32- and 192-lead body surface mapping equipment to sensitively detect T-wave alternans, as well as the most reliable methods of heart rate variability determination using algorithms perfected by engineers at the University of Pittsburgh. (upmc.com)
The Brain Electrophysiology Laboratory was founded in the 1980s in the basement of the Psychology Department's Straub Hall on the University of Oregon campus. (egi.com)
To understand how the autonomic nervous system, ischemia, electrolyte disturbances, cardiac disease, and other conditions affect cardiac electrophysiology and the alter pharmacological properties of antiarrhythmic drugs and how to study the autonomic nervous system in the electrophysiology laboratory. (musc.edu)
Product segment of electrophysiology market includes ablation catheters, diagnostic catheters and electrophysiology laboratory devices. (openpr.com)

Dr. Miller is a Professor of Medicine and oversees a nationally regarded, rigorous fellowship training program in cardiac electrophysiology at the Indiana University School of Medicine in Indianapolis, Indiana. (healthlinkbc.ca)

After the electrophysiology study, which generally takes one to two hours, the catheters are removed, and pressure is held at the site where the catheters entered the body. (massgeneral.org)
A cardiac electrophysiology study (EP test or EP study) is a minimally invasive procedure using catheters introduced through a vein or artery to record electrical activity from within the heart. (wikipedia.org)
The report provides value, in millions of US dollars, and volume (in units) and average price data (in US dollars), within market categories - Electrophysiology Diagnostic Catheters, Electrophysiology Ablation Catheters and Electrophysiology Lab Systems. (pitchengine.com)
Market size for Electrophysiology Devices categories - Electrophysiology Diagnostic Catheters, Electrophysiology Ablation Catheters and Electrophysiology Lab Systems. (pitchengine.com)
These procedures are usually performed using intracardiac catheters (as are used during an electrophysiology study), fluoroscopy (a real-time X-ray camera), and electrical recordings from the inside of the heart. (wikipedia.org)
Technological advancements in electrophysiology devices such as ablation catheters and devices used for mapping and navigational technologies will escalate adoption rate, thereby fueling industry growth. (openpr.com)
Growing preference towards early disease diagnosis and treatment will further accelerate demand for electrophysiology diagnostic catheters. (openpr.com)

Catheter ablation procedures are finding increasing demand, which in turn, is driving the demand for electrophysiology market. (acumenresearchandconsulting.com)
A number of factors such as the development of technologically advanced electrophysiology devices, rapid growth in aging population with high risk of target diseases, increasing incidence of arrhythmia cases across the globe, growing focus of key market players to expand their geographic presence, and increasing demand of catheter ablation procedures are driving the growth of the global electrophysiology market. (pitchengine.com)
Procedures that do not require surgery, including diagnostic electrophysiology studies, catheter ablations (both endocardial and epicardial catheter ablation), pacemaker and defibrillator implantation, plus other procedures, are performed in the EP labs. (ucsd.edu)
Both routine diagnostic electrophysiology studies and catheter ablation procedures (such as atrial flutter and supraventricular tachycardia ablation) and complex ablations (atrial fibrillation, atypical atrial flutter, ventricular tachycardia, and epicardial ablation) are performed in these laboratories. (ucsd.edu)
Electrophysiology catheter ablation is one of the most commonly performed cardiovascular intervention in the country. (openpr.com)

Based on indication type, the global electrophysiology market is bifurcated into ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, atrioventricular nodal re-entry tachycardia, atrial tachycardia and Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. (acumenresearchandconsulting.com)
Currently, North America accounts for the largest market share in global electrophysiology market while Europe ranks second across the globe. (acumenresearchandconsulting.com)
This is likely to obstructs the growth of global electrophysiology market. (acumenresearchandconsulting.com)
This report studies the global electrophysiology market over the forecast period of 2014 to 2019. (pitchengine.com)

Moreover, growing healthcare funding for electrophysiology devices in North America and Europe has also propelled the growth of electrophysiology market. (acumenresearchandconsulting.com)
The high growth in Asia-Pacific can be attributed to the factors such as rising aging population, improved healthcare infrastructure, growing emphasis of healthcare multinational companies on emerging markets and high demand for electrophysiology devices from this region. (acumenresearchandconsulting.com)
The high growth in this region can be attributed to the rapidly increasing aging population, growing focus of multinational companies on emerging markets, improving and modernizing healthcare infrastructure, and high demand of electrophysiology devices. (pitchengine.com)

I am interested in the medical field of electrophysiology and I have a few questions regarding the procedures done on patients with atrial fibrillation. (physicsforums.com)
For more than thirty years, Electrophysiologic Testing has been a trusted introduction to the field of electrophysiology for anyone needing to quickly acquaint themselves with basic concepts and procedures of EP testing, especially medical students, residents, nurses and technicians. (wiley.com)

An electrophysiology study is a test of the heart's electrical system. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
Corrigan Minehan Heart Center physicians use electrophysiology (EP) studies to better understand the heart's electrical system. (massgeneral.org)
The study of the heart's electrical system is known as electrophysiology (EP). (adventisthealthcare.com)

North America Electrophysiology Market Outlook to 2020 is a new market research publication announced by Reportstack. (pitchengine.com)
To view the table of contents and know more details please visit North America Electrophysiology Market Outlook to 2020 report. (pitchengine.com)

This month we're excited to share a couple of customer applications of our technology, including wearable technology to assist people with low vision, and a system for electrode positioning in electrophysiology research. (constantcontact.com)
An electrophysiology study is a test where electrode wires are passed through a blood vessel and into your heart. (epnet.com)
A coil electrode for use in an electrophysiology probe includes a first material having a relatively high radiopacity and a second material having a relatively high resiliency. (google.com)

The visual electrophysiology tests are objective and non-invasive and are compiled using ISCEV standards. (upmc.com)

Genetically targeted optical electrophysiology in intact neural circuits. (nih.gov)
Bressan, M. Optical Electrophysiology in the Developing Heart. (mdpi.com)
Thomas K, Goudy J, Henley T, Bressan M. Optical Electrophysiology in the Developing Heart. (mdpi.com)

work in the field of retinal electrophysiology. (britannica.com)
There are one, perhaps two positions for a Postdoctoral Research Associate in Retinal Electrophysiology in the laboratories of friends of Webvision, Dr. Maureen McCall and Dr. Ron Gregg at the University of Louisville ( Ophthalmology & Biochemistry/Molecular Biology Departments). (utah.edu)

Cognitive Electrophysiology group investigates cognitive processes that underlie the episodic memory, and the brain activity that supports it. (ucl.ac.uk)
I thought you might be interested in this item at http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/858229310 Title: Cognitive electrophysiology of attention : signals of the mind Author: George R Mangun Publisher: Burlington : Elsevier Science, 2014. (worldcat.org)
Cognitive Electrophysiology of Attention explores the fundamental mechanisms of attention and related cognitive functions from cognitive neuroscience perspectives. (worldcat.org)

Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal (IPEJ) is the official journal of the Indian Heart Rhythm Society with a world-wide readership and accepts manuscripts for publication from across the globe. (elsevier.com)
IPEJ aims to publish high quality articles on all aspects of cardiac pacing and electrophysiology including. (elsevier.com)
The most downloaded articles from Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal in the last 90 days. (elsevier.com)

Two years' experience within the Cardiac Cath/ Electrophysiology Lab, performing interventional, diagnostic, cardiac implants, ablations and electrophysiology procedures. (simplyhired.com)

In addition to our electrophysiology physicians, our team includes specially trained pediatric arrhythmia nurses. (childrensnational.org)
With a simple catheterization procedure, our skilled electrophysiology physicians can determine the precise location of the arrhythmia to accurately diagnose and treat the issue. (orlandohealth.com)

A cardiac electrophysiology study ( EP test or EP study ) is a minimally invasive procedure that tests the electrical conduction system of the heart to assess the electrical activity and conduction pathways of the heart . (wikipedia.org)
Cardiac electrophysiology is the science of elucidating, diagnosing, and treating the electrical activities of the heart . (wikipedia.org)
An electrophysiology (EP) study is a test that records the electrical activity and the electrical pathways of your heart . (webmd.com)
When people seek emergency care for shortness of breath, a routine electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) enhanced by artificial intelligence (AI) is better than standard blood tests at determining if the cause is heart failure, according to new research published today in Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, an American Heart Association journal. (news-medical.net)
Emily Sohn, Washington Post , "Everyone has heart palpitations, but for some it can be serious," 7 Mar. 2018 In AFib-which affects as many as 3% of the population, with most cases occurring in those over 65-the electrophysiology of the heart is out of whack, and its two upper chambers (the atria) fibrillate, or quiver, instead of contracting fully. (merriam-webster.com)
Our electrophysiologists (heart rhythm specialists) are national leaders in pediatric electrophysiology. (childrensnational.org)
The Heart Rhythm Society, the Pediatric & Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES), and the Society of Invasive Cardiovascular Professionals (SICP) partnered with the Intersocietal Accreditation Commission (IAC) to develop the Cardiac Electrophysiology Accreditation . (hrsonline.org)
As the leaders in heart rhythm care, they approved an initiative to develop a voluntary accreditation program that will provide a method by which facilities performing cardiac electrophysiology procedures can document their commitment to quality patient care. (hrsonline.org)
The UCSF Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia Service is known worldwide for expert evaluation and treatment of patients with a variety of heart rhythm disorders. (ucsfhealth.org)
With a history of innovation, UCSF's electrophysiology service has played a leading role in the tremendous advances recently made in assessing and treating abnormal heart rhythms. (ucsfhealth.org)
Electrophysiology is used to diagnose and follow progression of disorders affecting vision similar to the manner electrocardiograms (ECGs) are used to monitor heart disease. (utah.edu)
Sulpizio Cardiovascular Center's operating room includes the latest imaging technology, cardiac electrophysiology mapping and ablation equipment, and all equipment needed for open heart surgery. (ucsd.edu)
My focus is on the cell membrane, skeletal muscle, lungs, heart and general electrophysiology . (wyzant.com)
When you choose Adventist for your heart rhythm care, you gain access to the experienced electrophysiology specialists who perform thousands of procedures each year. (adventisthealthcare.com)
To learn the normal electrophysiology of the human heart. (musc.edu)
The Orlando Health Heart Institute's Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia Center provides one of Florida's most sophisticated and accurate diagnostic tools. (orlandohealth.com)

The cardiac electrophysiology study (EPS) typically measures the response of the injured or cardiomyopathic myocardium to PES on specific pharmacological regimens in order to assess the likelihood that the regimen will successfully prevent potentially fatal sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation VF (VF) in the future. (wikipedia.org)
Intracardiac electrophysiology study (EPS) is a test to look at how well the heart's electrical signals are working. (medlineplus.gov)
Neuronal electrophysiology is the study of electrical properties of biological cells and tissues within the nervous system. (wikipedia.org)
I've had 4 episodes of 5 second or less V-tach (according to the pacemakers computer) in the last 18 months and the doctors are wanting to do an Electrophysiology study to see if they can find out why I've had these episodes, since the echo and nuclear stress test preformed last week, were all normal. (medhelp.org)
This course is designed to acquaint students with a more in-depth understanding of a diagnostic electrophysiology study. (bcit.ca)
This course will focus on the basics of the cardiac electrophysiology study. (bcit.ca)
This course is designed to acquaint you with a basic understanding of the techniques used and electrograms obtained during an electrophysiology study. (bcit.ca)
It includes the anatomy and physiology of the conduction system, 12 Lead ECG interpretation as it pertains to electrophysiology, electrophysiology of cardiac muscle, cardiac pharmacology, electrophysiology technology and the signals seen at a baseline EP study in sinus rhythm. (bcit.ca)
An electrophysiology study is any of a number of invasive (intracardiac) and non-invasive recording of spontaneous electrical activity, as well as of cardiac responses to programmed electrical stimulation . (wikipedia.org)
Ablation is usually performed during the same procedure as the electrophysiology study which induces and confirms the diagnosis of the arrhythmia for which ablation therapy is sought. (wikipedia.org)
Electrophysiology is the study of the electrical properties of biological cells and tissues. (adinstruments.com)
Electrophysiology is the study of the electrical behavior and underlying mechanisms of cells and tissues. (scholarpedia.org)

The Pediatric and Adult Congenital Electrophysiology service offers comprehensive care for patients with arrhythmia or conduction problems. (ynhh.org)
For more information, visit Pediatric Electrophysiology at Yale School of Medicine. (ynhh.org)
Dr. Anthony McCanta is a board certified cardiologist specializing in pediatric electrophysiology. (choc.org)
Dr. Anjan Batra is a board certified pediatric cardiologist specializing in electrophysiology, arrhythmia management and device implantation. (choc.org)

Must be able to perform electrophysiology/cardiac ablation procedures independently under physician direction. (simplyhired.com)

Provides comprehensive electrophysiology services, including diagnostic electrophysiology, 3D mapping, therapeutic ablative procedures (radiofrequency and cryoablation), pacemaker, ICD and CRT rhythm management procedures. (simplyhired.com)
Create the ideal environment for innovative electrophysiology procedures. (philips.com)

The Invasive Cardiac Electrophysiology Laboratories are specially equipped with operating room laminar airflow for enhanced sterility. (upmc.com)
UC San Diego Health offers exceptional electrophysiology facilities, including state-of-the-art electrophysiology (EP) laboratories and a 'hybrid' operating room. (ucsd.edu)

Whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology of neurons is a gold-standard technique for high-fidelity analysis of the biophysical mechanisms of neural computation and pathology, but it requires great skill to perform. (nature.com)

With neuronal electrophysiology doctors and specialists can determine how neuronal disorders happen, by looking at the individual's brain activity. (wikipedia.org)

Classical electrophysiology techniques involve placing electrodes into various preparations of biological tissue. (wikipedia.org)
Classical electrophysiology involves placing electrodes into various preparations of biologic tissue. (wikipedia.org)

Electrophysiology is the branch of physiology that pertains broadly to the flow of ions (ion current) in biological tissues and, in particular, to the electrical recording techniques that enable the measurement of this flow. (wikipedia.org)

Electrophysiology Cardiologist? (healingwell.com)
I went to my cardiologist on Thurs and he wants to refer me to a cardiologist that is trained in electrophysiology. (healingwell.com)

Recent Examples on the Web Decades of work has established a clear circuitry that has largely held up in human imaging and physiology studies and in rodent studies using modern tools such as optogenetics, chemogenetics, calcium and electrophysiology tools. (merriam-webster.com)
The Electrophysiology & Optogenetics Facilities house a variety of neurophysiology, muscle physiology, optical and electrical stimulation and microinjection equipment to support the neural prosthetic and viral gene therapy research endeavors of investigators at the ZVAMC Labs. (mcw.edu)
The ZVAMC Labs provide advanced data capture technologies for electrophysiology and optogenetics experiments, including a Digidata data acquisition system, Cambridge electronic System (CED) data systems, pClamp and Spike2 data analysis software. (mcw.edu)

Cardiac electrophysiologists are trained to perform interventional cardiac electrophysiology studies (EPS) as well as surgical device implantations. (wikipedia.org)
In neuroscience, which studies nervous systems -electrophysiology measures the electrical activity of neurons. (acumenresearchandconsulting.com)
Applied engineering or physical science studies pertaining to interventional electrophysiology will be encouraged. (springer.com)
Successfully interpret at least 80 intra-cardiac electrophysiology studies. (bcit.ca)

Interested in being notified about future offerings of CARD 5500 - Advanced Electrophysiology Diagnostics ? (bcit.ca)

Anatomy51

Organisms12

Diseases24

Chemicals and Drugs67

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment49

Psychiatry and Psychology3

Phenomena and Processes35

Disciplines and Occupations9

Technology, Industry, Agriculture5

Humanities2

Information Science7

Health Care4

Effect of electrotonic potentials on pacemaker activity of canine Purkinje fibers in relation to parasystole. (1/18018)

The posterior nasal nerve plays an important role on cardiopulmonary reflexes to nasal application of capsaicin, distilled water and l-menthol in anesthetized dogs. (2/18018)

Characterization of elementary Ca2+ release signals in NGF-differentiated PC12 cells and hippocampal neurons. (3/18018)

Differential effects of a segment of slow conduction on reentrant ventricular tachycardia in the rabbit heart. (4/18018)

Gabapentin suppresses ectopic nerve discharges and reverses allodynia in neuropathic rats. (5/18018)

Intestinal prokinesia by two esters of 4-amino-5-chloro-2- methoxybenzoic acid: involvement of 5-hydroxytryptamine-4 receptors and dissociation from cardiac effects in vivo. (6/18018)

Nonlinear tension summation of different combinations of motor units in the anesthetized cat peroneus longus muscle. (7/18018)

Regulation of cardiac L-type Ca2+ channel by coexpression of G(alpha s) in Xenopus oocytes. (8/18018)

Cardiac Electrophysiology

Electrophysiology

Electrophysiological Phenomena

Electrophysiological Processes

Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac

Action Potentials

Patch-Clamp Techniques

Arrhythmias, Cardiac

Heart Conduction System

Membrane Potentials

Models, Cardiovascular

Voltage-Sensitive Dye Imaging

Atrioventricular Node

Catheter Ablation

Heart Atria

Neurons

Body Surface Potential Mapping

Tachycardia, Supraventricular

Electrocardiography

Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Interventional

Accessory Atrioventricular Bundle

Cardiac Pacing, Artificial

Heart

Atrial Function

Ion Channels

Neurophysiology

Electroretinography

Myocytes, Cardiac

Atrial Fibrillation

Sodium Channels

Ion Channel Gating

Bundle of His

Calcium

Computer Simulation

Potassium Channels

Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Microelectrodes

Electric Stimulation

Refractory Period, Electrophysiological

Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated

Dogs

Sodium Channel Blockers

Epicardial Mapping

Time Factors

Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels

Pleural Cavity

Electroencephalography

NAV1.5 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel

Synapses

Optogenetics

Calcium Signaling

Heart Block

Ventricular Function

Synaptic Transmission

Xenopus laevis

Electrodes, Implanted

Electrodiagnosis

Electrooculography

Heart Ventricles

Equipment Design

Pacemaker, Artificial

gamma-Aminobutyric Acid

Delayed Rectifier Potassium Channels

Tachycardia, Paroxysmal

Neural Conduction

Hippocampus

Evoked Potentials

Oocytes

Electrodes

Tachycardia, Ventricular

Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry

Anti-Arrhythmia Agents

Potassium

HEK293 Cells

Calcium Channels, L-Type

Electric Conductivity

Atrial Flutter

KCNQ Potassium Channels

Purkinje Fibers

Potassium Channel Blockers